(Note 1) Description of the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value
Assets
Monetary claims
bought
The fair values of subordinated trust beneficiary interests related to securitized housing
loans among monetary claims bought are determined by estimating future cash flows using the probability of default, loss given default and prepayment rate, and assessing the value by deducting the value of senior beneficial interests, etc. from the
value of underlying housing loans. The fair values of other transactions are, in principle, based on methods similar to the methods applied to Loans and bills discounted.
These transactions are mainly classified into Level 3.
Trading assets
The fair values of bonds and other securities held for trading purposes are, in principle, based on their
market prices as of the interim consolidated balance sheet date. The fair values of such bonds and other securities are mainly classified into Level 1 depending on the level of market activity. When fair value is determined based on either the
prices quoted by the financial institutions, or future cash flows discounted using observable inputs such as interests, spreads, and others, they are classified into Level 2.
The fair values of monetary claims held for trading purposes are calculated based on the present values of
estimated future cash flows. Those present values are discounted at the risk-free interest rate which takes into account credit risk, liquidity risk, etc. They are classified into Level 3.
Money held in trust
The fair values of money held in trust are, in principle, the fair values of securities in the trust property
calculated using the same method for securities that the Company owns. They are classified into Level 2.
Securities
In principle, the fair values of stocks (including foreign stocks and listed investment trusts) are based on
the market price as of the interim consolidated balance sheet date. They are mainly classified into Level 1 depending on the level of market activity. The fair values of securities with market prices other than stocks are based on the market
price as of the interim consolidated balance sheet date. Japanese Government bonds, etc., are mainly classified into Level 1 and other bonds are classified into Level 2.
The fair values of privately-placed bonds with no market prices are based on the present value of estimated
future cash flows, taking into account the borrowers probability of default, loss given default, etc. Those present values are discounted at the risk-free interest rate which takes into account certain adjustments. However, the fair values of
bonds, such as privately-placed bonds issued by bankrupt borrowers, effectively bankrupt borrowers and potentially bankrupt borrowers are based on the bonds book value after the deduction of the expected amount of a loss on the bond computed
by using the same method applied to the estimation of a loan loss. The fair values of investment trusts with no market prices are based on the net asset value.
These transactions are mainly classified into Level 2.
Loans and bills discounted, and Lease receivables and investment assets
Of these transactions, considering the characteristics of these transactions, the fair values of overdrafts
with no specified repayment dates are based on their book values as they are considered to approximate their fair values.
For short-term transactions, the fair values are also based on their book values as they are considered to
approximate their fair values.
The fair values of long-term transactions are, in principle, based on the
present values of estimated future cash flows taking into account the borrowers probability of default, loss given default, etc. Those present values are discounted at the risk-free interest rate which takes into account certain adjustments.
At certain consolidated subsidiaries of the Company, the fair values are calculated based on the present values of estimated future cash flows, which are computed based on the contractual interest rate. Those present values are discounted at the
risk-free interest rate which takes into account credit risk premium.
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