US BANCORP DEYes0.720.0010.0010.0090.720.720.370.42Yesfalse2020Q100000361040.72--12-31Reflects dividends declared per share on the Company’s Series A, Series B, Series F, Series H, Series J and Series K Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of $951.828, $218.75, $406.25, $321.88, $662.50 and $343.75, respectively.Reflects dividends declared per share on the Company’s Series A, Series B, Series F, Series H, Series J and Series K Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of $884.722, $221.18, $406.25, $321.88, $662.50 and $343.75, respectively.Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted accounting guidance which changed impairment recognition of financial instruments to a model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Upon adoption, the Company increased its allowance for credit losses and reduced retained earnings net of deferred tax liabilities through a cumulative-effect adjustment.Information related to asset and mortgage-backed securities included above is presented based upon weighted-average maturities that take into account anticipated future prepayments.Maturity calculations for obligations of state and political subdivisions are based on the first optional call date for securities with a fair value above par and the contractual maturity date for securities with a fair value equal to or below par.Information related to obligations of state and political subdivisions is presented based upon yield to first optional call date if the security is purchased at a premium, and yield to maturity if the security is purchased at par or a discount.The weighted-average maturity of total available-for-sale investment securities was 4.2 years at December 31, 2019, with a corresponding weighted-average yield of 2.38 percent.Weighted-average yields for obligations of state and political subdivisions are presented on a fully-taxable equivalent basis based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent. 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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
Form
10-Q
 
 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020
OR
 
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from (not applicable)
Commission file number
1-6880
U.S. BANCORP
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
41-0255900
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
800 Nicollet Mall
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
651-466-3000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(not applicable)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Title of each class
 
Trading
symbol
s
 
Name of each exchange
on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share
  USB   New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares (each representing 1/100th interest in a share of Series A
Non-Cumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $1.00)
  USB PrA   New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares (each representing 1/1,000th interest in a share of Series B
Non-Cumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $1.00)
  USB PrH   New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares (each representing 1/1,000th interest in a share of Series F
Non-Cumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $1.00)
  USB PrM   New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares (each representing 1/1,000th interest in a share of Series H
Non-Cumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $1.00)
  USB PrO   New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares (each representing 1/1,000th interest in a share of Series K
Non-Cumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $1.00)
  USB PrP   New York Stock Exchange
0.850% Medium-Term Notes, Series X (Senior), due June 7, 2024
  USB/24B   New York Stock Exchange
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
YES ☑    NO ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of
Regulation S-T
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
YES ☑    NO ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated
filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer ☑    Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated
filer ☐
  
Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by checkmark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2
of the Exchange Act).
YES ☐    NO ☑
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
Class    Outstanding as of April 30, 2020
Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value    1,506,289,096 shares
 
 
 

Table of Contents and
Form 10-Q
Cross Reference Index
 
Part I — Financial Information
    
       3  
       3  
       3  
       6  
       29  
       30  
       32  
       7  
       7  
       9  
       20  
       20  
       20  
       20  
       22  
       23  
       24  
       26  
       33  
Part II — Other Information
    
       73  
       73  
       74  
       75  
       76  
       77  
“Safe Harbor” Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
This quarterly report on
Form 10-Q
contains forward-looking statements about U.S. Bancorp. Statements that are not historical or current facts, including statements about beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements and are based on the information available to, and assumptions and estimates made by, management as of the date hereof. These forward-looking statements cover, among other things, anticipated future revenue and expenses and the future plans and prospects of U.S. Bancorp. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, and important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated. The
COVID-19
pandemic is adversely affecting U.S. Bancorp, its customers, counterparties, employees, and third-party service providers, and the ultimate extent of the impacts on its business, financial position, results of operations, liquidity, and prospects is uncertain. Continued deterioration in general business and economic conditions or turbulence in domestic or global financial markets could adversely affect U.S. Bancorp’s revenues and the values of its assets and liabilities, reduce the availability of funding to certain financial institutions, lead to a tightening of credit, and increase stock price volatility. In addition, changes to statutes, regulations, or regulatory policies or practices could affect U.S. Bancorp in substantial and unpredictable ways. U.S. Bancorp’s results could also be adversely affected by changes in interest rates; further increases in unemployment rates; deterioration in the credit quality of its loan portfolios or in the value of the collateral securing those loans; deterioration in the value of its investment securities; legal and regulatory developments; litigation; increased competition from both banks and
non-banks;
changes in the level of tariffs and other trade policies of the United States and its global trading partners; changes in customer behavior and preferences; breaches in data security; failures to safeguard personal information; effects of mergers and acquisitions and related integration; effects of critical accounting policies and judgments; and management’s ability to effectively manage credit risk, market risk, operational risk, compliance risk, strategic risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk and reputation risk.
For discussion of these and other risks that may cause actual results to differ from expectations, refer to the other information in this report, including the section entitled “Risk Factors” and U.S. Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the sections entitled “Corporate Risk Profile” and “Risk Factors” contained in Exhibit 13, and all subsequent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In addition, factors other than these risks also could adversely affect U.S. Bancorp’s results, and the reader should not consider these risks to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof, and U.S. Bancorp undertakes no obligation to update them in light of new information or future events.
 
U.S. Bancorp   
1

 Table 1
 
   Selected Financial Data
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31
 
(Dollars and Shares in Millions, Except Per Share Data)   2020     2019     Percent
Change
 
Condensed Income Statement
     
Net interest income
  $ 3,223     $ 3,259       (1.1 )% 
Taxable-equivalent adjustment (a)
    24       27       (11.1
Net interest income (taxable-equivalent basis) (b)
    3,247       3,286       (1.2
Noninterest income
    2,475       2,286       8.3  
Securities gains (losses), net
    50       5       *  
Total net revenue
    5,772       5,577       3.5  
Noninterest expense
    3,316       3,087       7.4  
Provision for credit losses
    993       377       *  
Income before taxes
    1,463       2,113       (30.8
Income taxes and taxable-equivalent adjustment
    284       405       (29.9
Net income
    1,179       1,708       (31.0
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (8     (9     11.1  
Net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp
  $ 1,171     $ 1,699       (31.1
Net income applicable to U.S. Bancorp common shareholders
  $ 1,088     $ 1,613       (32.5
Per Common Share
     
Earnings per share
  $ .72     $ 1.01       (28.7 )% 
Diluted earnings per share
    .72       1.00       (28.0
Dividends declared per share
    .42       .37       13.5  
Book value per share (c)
    30.24       28.81       5.0  
Market value per share
    34.45       48.19       (28.5
Average common shares outstanding
    1,518       1,602       (5.2
Average diluted common shares outstanding
    1,519       1,605       (5.4
Financial Ratios
     
Return on average assets
    .95     1.49  
Return on average common equity
    9.7       14.3    
Net interest margin (taxable-equivalent basis) (a)
    2.91       3.16    
Efficiency ratio (b)
    58.0       55.4    
Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans outstanding
    .53       .52    
Average Balances
     
Loans
  $ 297,657     $ 286,110       4.0
Loans held for sale
    4,748       2,132       *  
Investment securities (d)
    120,843       114,179       5.8  
Earning assets
    447,722       419,494       6.7  
Assets
    494,807       463,399       6.8  
Noninterest-bearing deposits
    74,142       73,433       1.0  
Deposits
    362,804       335,366       8.2  
Short-term borrowings
    20,253       18,368       10.3  
Long-term debt
    43,846       41,855       4.8  
Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders’ equity
    51,146       51,589       (.9
    March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
       
Period End Balances
     
Loans
  $ 318,305     $ 296,102       7.5
Investment securities
    123,681       122,613       .9  
Assets
    542,909       495,426       9.6  
Deposits
    394,854       361,916       9.1  
Long-term debt
    52,298       40,167       30.2  
Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders’ equity
    51,532       51,853       (.6
Asset Quality
     
Nonperforming assets
  $ 946     $ 829       14.1
Allowance for credit losses
    6,590       4,491       46.7  
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of
period-end
loans
    2.07     1.52  
Capital Ratios
     
Common equity tier 1 capital
    9.0     9.1  
Tier 1 capital
    10.5       10.7    
Total risk-based capital
    12.7       12.7    
Leverage
    8.8       8.8    
Total leverage exposure
    7.1       7.0    
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (b)
    6.7       7.5    
Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets (b)
    8.9       9.3    
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, reflecting the full implementation of the current expected credit losses methodology (b)
    8.6                  
 
(a)
Based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent for those assets and liabilities whose income or expense is not included for federal income tax purposes.
(b)
See
Non-GAAP
Financial Measures beginning on page 29.
(c)
Calculated as U.S. Bancorp common shareholders’ equity divided by common shares outstanding at end of the period.
(d)
Excludes unrealized gains and losses on
available-for-sale
investment securities and any premiums or discounts recorded related to the transfer of investment securities at fair value from
available-for-sale
to
held-to-maturity.
 
2
   U.S. Bancorp

Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
OVERVIEW
Earnings Summary
U.S. Bancorp and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) reported net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp of $1.2 billion for the first quarter of 2020, or $0.72 per diluted common share, compared with $1.7 billion, or $1.00 per diluted common share, for the first quarter of 2019. Return on average assets and return on average common equity were 0.95 percent and 9.7 percent, respectively, for the first quarter of 2020, compared with 1.49 percent and 14.3 percent, respectively, for the first quarter of 2019. During a challenging period adversely impacted by the
COVID-19
pandemic, the Company’s diversified business mitigated the potential loss of revenue and supported a provision for credit losses of $993 million resulting in a $600 million increase in the allowance for credit losses in the first quarter of 2020.
Total net revenue for the first quarter of 2020 was $195 million (3.5 percent) higher than the first quarter of 2019, reflecting a 10.2 percent increase in noninterest income, partially offset by a 1.1 percent decrease in net interest income (1.2 percent on a taxable-equivalent basis). The decrease in net interest income from the first quarter of 2019 was mainly a result of the impact of the yield curve due to declining interest rates, partially offset by changes in deposit and funding mix, loan growth and one additional day in the first quarter of 2020. The noninterest income increase was driven by significant growth in mortgage banking revenue due to refinancing activities as well as strong growth in trust and investment management fees, and commercial products revenue. Growth in these fee categories was partially offset by a decline in payment services revenue as consumer and commercial spending declined dramatically during the last several weeks of the first quarter of 2020.
Noninterest expense in the first quarter of 2020 was $229 million (7.4 percent) higher than the first quarter of 2019, including costs related to
COVID-19
and revenue-related production expenses that are reflected in the first quarter of 2020. Additionally, noninterest expense reflected an increase in personnel and technology and communications expense related to developing digital capabilities and related business investment, partially offset by lower marketing and business development expense.
The provision for credit losses for the first quarter of 2020 of $993 million was $616 million higher than the first quarter of 2019, reflecting an increase in the allowance for credit losses during the first quarter of 2020 due to deteriorating economic conditions driven by the impact of
COVID-19
on the domestic and global economies. Net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2020 were $393 million, compared with $367 million in the first quarter of 2019. Refer to “Corporate Risk Profile” for further information on the provision for credit losses, net charge-offs, nonperforming assets and other factors considered by the Company in assessing the credit quality of the loan portfolio and establishing the allowance for credit losses.
STATEMENT OF INCOME ANALYSIS
Net Interest Income
 Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis, was $3.2 billion in the first quarter of 2020, representing a decrease of $39 million (1.2 percent) compared with the first quarter of 2019. The decrease was principally driven by the impact on the yield curve of declining interest rates on earnings assets, partially offset by changes in deposit and funding mix, loan growth, and one additional day in the first quarter of 2020. Average earning assets were $28.2 billion (6.7 percent) higher than the first quarter of 2019, reflecting increases of $11.5 billion (4.0 percent) in loans, $6.7 billion (5.8 percent) in investment securities and $7.4 billion (43.3 percent) in other earning assets. The net interest margin, on a taxable-equivalent basis, in the first quarter of 2020 was 2.91 percent, compared with 3.16 percent in the first quarter of 2019. The decrease in the net interest margin from the first quarter of 2019 was primarily due to the impact of declining interest rates and a lower yield curve, partially offset by changes in deposit and funding mix. The Company expects to see more downward pressure on its net interest margin in the second quarter of 2020 primarily due to the timing and extent of changes in interest rates late in the first quarter of 2020, the significant increase in cash needed to provide liquidity to support the significant loan demand being experienced, changes in loan mix, and the impact of floors on deposit pricing. Refer to the “Consolidated Daily Average Balance Sheet and Related Yields and Rates” table for further information on net interest income.
 
U.S. Bancorp  
3

 Table 2
 
   Noninterest Income
 
    
Three Months Ended
March 31
 
(Dollars in Millions)    2020      2019      Percent
Change
 
Credit and debit card revenue
   $ 304      $ 304       
Corporate payment products revenue
     145        162        (10.5
Merchant processing services
     337        378        (10.8
Trust and investment management fees
     427        399        7.0  
Deposit service charges
     209        217        (3.7
Treasury management fees
     143        146        (2.1
Commercial products revenue
     246        219        12.3  
Mortgage banking revenue
     395        169        *  
Investment products fees
     49        45        8.9  
Securities gains (losses), net
     50        5        *  
Other
     220        247        (10.9
Total noninterest income
   $ 2,525      $ 2,291        10.2
 
*
Not meaningful.    
 
Average total loans in the first quarter of 2020 were $11.5 billion (4.0 percent) higher than the first quarter of 2019. The increase was primarily due to higher commercial loans (3.9 percent), as business customers utilized bank credit facilities to support liquidity requirements, along with growth in residential mortgages (8.1 percent) given the lower interest rate environment. Credit card loans increased (5.5 percent) reflecting higher consumer spending throughout most of 2019, while other retail loans were higher (0.6 percent) primarily related to high credit quality auto lending activities.
Average investment securities in the first quarter of 2020 were $6.7 billion (5.8 percent) higher than the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to purchases of mortgage-backed securities, net of prepayments and maturities.
Average total deposits for the first quarter of 2020 were $27.4 billion (8.2 percent) higher than the first quarter of 2019. Average total savings deposits were $30.5 billion (14.1 percent) higher than the prior year, driven by increases in Wealth Management and Investment Services, Corporate and Commercial Banking, and Consumer and Business Banking balances. Average noninterest-bearing deposits were $709 million (1.0 percent) higher than the prior year, primarily due to an increase in Consumer and Business Banking balances, partially offset by a decrease in Corporate and Commercial Banking balances. Average time deposits for the first quarter of 2020 were $3.8 billion (8.4 percent) lower than the first quarter of 2019, primarily driven by decreases in those deposits managed as an alternative to other funding sources, based largely on relative pricing and liquidity characteristics, partially offset by an increase in Consumer and Business Banking balances.
Provision for Credit Losses
 The provision for credit losses for the first quarter of 2020 was $993 million, an increase of $616 million from the first quarter of 2019.
During the first quarter of 2020, the Company adopted accounting guidance which changed previous impairment recognition to a model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. During the first quarter of 2020, the Company recognized a $600 million increase in the allowance for credit losses due to deteriorating economic conditions driven by the impact of 
COVID-19
 on the domestic and global economies. The expected loss estimates considered both the decrease in economic activity, and the mitigating effects of government stimulus and industrywide loan modification efforts designed to limit long term effects of the pandemic. The increase in the allowance for credit losses resulted from the estimated impact of deteriorating economic conditions and higher unemployment, partially offset by the benefits of government stimulus programs. Net charge-offs increased $26 million (7.1 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to higher retail leasing and credit card loan net charge-offs. The increase in retail leasing charge-offs reflected the inclusion of end of term losses on residual lease values as of January 1, 2020. Refer to “Corporate Risk Profile” for further information on the provision for credit losses, net charge-offs, nonperforming assets and other factors considered by the Company in assessing the credit quality of the loan portfolio and establishing the allowance for credit losses.
 
4
   U.S. Bancorp

 Table 3
 
   Noninterest Expense
 
    
Three Months Ended
March 31
 
(Dollars in Millions)    2020     2019     Percent
Change
 
Compensation
   $ 1,620     $ 1,559       3.9
Employee benefits
     352       333       5.7  
Net occupancy and equipment
     276       277       (.4
Professional services
     99       95       4.2  
Marketing and business development
     74       89       (16.9
Technology and communications
     289       257       12.5  
Postage, printing and supplies
     72       72        
Other intangibles
     42       40       5.0  
Other
     492       365       34.8  
Total noninterest expense
   $ 3,316     $ 3,087       7.4
Efficiency ratio (a)
     58.0     55.4        
 
(a)
See
Non-GAAP
Financial Measures beginning on page 29.                     
 
Noninterest Income
 Noninterest income was $2.5 billion in the first quarter of 2020, representing an increase of $234 million (10.2 percent), over the first quarter of 2019. The increase from a year ago was driven by higher mortgage banking revenue, trust and investment management fees, commercial products revenue and gains on sales of investment securities, partially offset by lower payment services revenue and other noninterest income. Mortgage banking revenue increased $226 million due to higher mortgage production and stronger gain on sale margins, partially offset by changes in mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) valuations, net of hedging activities. The Company expects mortgage production will continue to be relatively strong in the near term but may begin to slow later in 2020, in line with trends in refinancing activity. Trust and investment management fees increased $28 million (7.0 percent) driven by business growth and favorable market conditions over the past year. The impact of recent declines in the equities markets and short-term interest rates will negatively impact this fee category in future quarters. Commercial products revenue increased $27 million (12.3 percent) primarily due to higher corporate bond fees and trading revenue, partially offset by credit valuation losses related to the customer derivatives portfolio. Payment services fee revenue decreased $58 million (6.9 percent) reflecting lower corporate payment products revenue of $17 million (10.5 percent) and lower merchant processing services revenue of $41 million (10.8 percent) driven by lower sales volume, particularly in March of 2020, due to the worldwide impact of the
COVID-19
pandemic on consumer and business spending. Payment services revenue is likely to be adversely affected in future quarters, reflecting significant declines in consumer and business spending activity. Other noninterest income decreased $27 million (10.9 percent) primarily due to lower equity investment income, partially offset by gains on sale of certain businesses in the first quarter of 2020.
Noninterest Expense
 Noninterest expense was $3.3 billion in the first quarter of 2020, representing an increase of $229 million (7.4 percent) over the first quarter of 2019. The increase from a year ago was driven by incremental costs related to
COVID-19
of approximately $100 million, revenue-related expenses due to higher mortgage production and capital markets activities of approximately $49 million and business investments, including in digital capabilities. The categories of expense impacted include higher personnel expense, technology and communications expense, and other noninterest expense, partially offset by lower marketing and business development expense. Compensation expense increased $61 million (3.9 percent), due to the impacts of merit increases, higher variable compensation related to business production within mortgage banking and fixed income capital markets, and one additional work day in the first quarter of 2020. Employee benefits expense increased $19 million (5.7 percent) primarily due to higher pension costs compared with a year ago and payroll taxes related to compensation increases. Technology and communications expense increased $32 million (12.5 percent) primarily due to capital expenditures supporting business growth. Other noninterest expense increased $127 million (34.8 percent) which reflected $100 million of expenses related to
COVID-19,
principally related to increased liabilities driven by the Company’s exposure as a credit card processor to charge-back risk on undelivered goods and services, including prepaid airline tickets, as well as expenses related to
paying premium compensation to front-line workers and providing a safe working environment for employees, partially offset by lower costs related to 
tax-advantaged
 projects in the first quarter of 2020. Marketing and business development
 
U.S. Bancorp   
5

expense decreased $15 million (16.9 percent) due to the timing of marketing campaigns.
Income Tax Expense
 The provision for income taxes was $260 million (an effective rate of 18.1 percent) for the first quarter of 2020, compared with $378 million (an effective rate of 18.1 percent) for the first quarter of 2019. For further information on income taxes, refer to Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS
Loans
 The Company’s loan portfolio was $318.3 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $296.1 billion at December 31, 2019, an increase of $22.2 billion (7.5 percent). The increase was driven by higher commercial loans, commercial real estate loans and residential mortgages, partially offset by lower credit card loans and other retail loans.
Commercial loans increased $22.5 billion (21.6 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, as business customers utilized bank credit facilities to
support liquidity requirements given the current economic environment related to 
COVID-19.
Commercial real estate loans increased $1.2 billion (3.1 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, primarily the result of new originations, partially offset by customers paying down balances.
Residential mortgages held in the loan portfolio increased $589 million (0.8 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, as origination activity more than offset the effect of customers paying down balances in the first quarter of 2020 given the lower interest rate environment. Residential mortgages originated and placed in the Company’s loan portfolio include well-secured jumbo mortgages and branch-originated first lien home equity loans to borrowers with high credit quality.
Credit card loans decreased $2.0 billion (8.1 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, reflecting the result of customers seasonally paying down balances, as well as reduced consumer spending late in the first quarter of 2020 driven by the impact of
COVID-19.
Other retail loans decreased $66 million (0.1 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, the result of decreases in auto loans, home equity loans and revolving credit balances, partially offset by an increase in installment loans.
The Company generally retains portfolio loans through maturity; however, the Company’s intent may change over time based upon various factors such as ongoing asset/liability management activities, assessment of product profitability, credit risk, liquidity needs, and capital implications. If the Company’s intent or ability to hold an existing portfolio loan changes, it is transferred to loans held for sale.
Loans Held for Sale
 Loans held for sale, consisting primarily of residential mortgages to be sold in the secondary market, were $4.6 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $5.6 billion at December 31, 2019. The decrease in loans held for sale was principally due to a lower level of mortgage loan closings in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the fourth quarter of 2019. Almost all of the residential mortgage loans the Company originates or purchases for sale follow guidelines that allow the loans to be sold into existing, highly liquid secondary markets; in particular in government agency transactions and to government-sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”).
 
     
 Table 4
 
   Available-for-Sale Investment Securities
 
 
                                                                         
    March 31, 2020             December 31, 2019  
(Dollars in Millions)   Amortized
Cost
     Fair Value     Weighted-
Average
Maturity in
Years
     Weighted-
Average
Yield (d)
            Amortized
Cost
     Fair Value     Weighted-
Average
Maturity in
Years
     Weighted-
Average
Yield (d)
 
U.S. Treasury and agencies
  $ 18,518      $ 19,109       2.6        1.69        $ 19,845      $ 19,839       2.7        1.68
Mortgage-backed securities (a)
    94,489        96,733       3.4        2.31            95,385        95,564       4.4        2.39  
Asset-backed securities (a)
    367        376       3.0        3.04            375        383       3.1        3.09  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (b) (c)
    7,064        7,454       6.6        4.24            6,499        6,814       6.6        4.29  
Other
    9        9       .3        2.44                13        13       .3        2.66  
Total investment securities
  $ 120,447      $ 123,681       3.4        2.33            $ 122,117      $ 122,613       4.2        2.38
 
 
(a)
Information related to asset and mortgage-backed securities included above is presented based upon weighted-average maturities that take into account anticipated future prepayments.
 
(b)
Information related to obligations of state and political subdivisions is presented based upon yield to first optional call date if the security is purchased at a premium, and yield to maturity if the security is purchased at par or a discount.
 
(c)
Maturity calculations for obligations of state and political subdivisions are based on the first optional call date for securities with a fair value above par and the contractual maturity date for securities with a fair value equal to or below par.
 
(d)
Yields on investment securities are computed based on amortized cost balances. Weighted-average yields for obligations of state and political subdivisions are presented on a fully-taxable equivalent basis based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent.
 
 
     
6
   U.S. Bancorp
 

Investment Securities
 Available-for-sale
investment securities totaled $123.7 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $122.6 billion at December 31, 2019. The $1.1 billion (0.9 percent) increase was primarily due to a $2.7 billion favorable change in net unrealized gains (losses) on
available-for-sale
investment securities, partially offset by $1.6 billion of net investment sales. The Company had no outstanding investment securities classified as
held-to-maturity
at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
The Company’s
available-for-sale
investment securities are carried at fair value with changes in fair value reflected in other comprehensive income (loss) unless a portion of a security’s unrealized loss is related to credit and an allowance for credit losses is necessary. At March 31, 2020, the Company’s net unrealized gains on
available-for-sale
investment securities were $3.2 billion, compared with $496 million at December 31, 2019. The favorable change in net unrealized gains was primarily due to increases in the fair value of U.S. Treasury and mortgage-backed securities as a result of changes in interest rates. Gross unrealized losses on
available-for-sale
investment securities totaled $152 million at March 31, 2020, compared with $448 million at December 31, 2019. At March 31, 2020, the Company had no plans to sell securities with unrealized losses, and believes it is more likely than not that it would not be required to sell such securities before recovery of their amortized cost.
Refer to Notes 3 and 14 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on investment securities.
Deposits
 Total deposits were $394.9 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $361.9 billion at December 31, 2019. The $32.9 billion (9.1 percent) increase in total deposits reflected increases in total savings deposits and noninterest-bearing deposits, partially offset by a decrease in time deposits. Money market deposit balances increased $8.1 billion (6.8 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, primarily due to higher Corporate and Commercial Banking, and Wealth Management and Investment Services balances. Interest checking balances increased $7.8 billion (10.3 percent), primarily due to higher Corporate and Commercial Banking, and Consumer and Business Banking balances. Savings account balances increased $1.6 billion (3.4 percent), primarily due to higher Consumer and Business Banking balances. Noninterest-bearing deposits increased $15.8 billion (21.0 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, primarily due to higher Wealth Management and Investment Services, Corporate and Commercial Banking, and Consumer and Business Banking balances. Time deposits decreased $422 million (1.0 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, driven by a decrease in those deposits managed as an alternative to other funding sources, based largely on relative pricing and liquidity characteristics.
Borrowings
 The Company utilizes both short-term and long-term borrowings as part of its asset/liability management and funding strategies. Short-term borrowings, which include federal funds purchased, commercial paper, repurchase agreements, borrowings secured by high-grade assets and other short-term borrowings, were $26.3 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $23.7 billion at December 31, 2019. The $2.6 billion (11.0 percent) increase in short-term borrowings was primarily due to higher commercial paper, repurchase agreement and other short-term borrowings balances. Long-term debt was $52.3 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $40.2 billion at December 31, 2019. The $12.1 billion (30.2 percent) increase was primarily due to an $8.0 billion increase in Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances and $3.3 billion of bank note issuances. Refer to the “Liquidity Risk Management” section for discussion of liquidity management of the Company.
CORPORATE RISK PROFILE
Overview
Managing risks is an essential part of successfully operating a financial services company. The Company’s Board of Directors has approved a risk management framework which establishes governance and risk management requirements for all risk-taking activities. This framework includes Company and business line risk appetite statements which set boundaries for the types and amount of risk that may be undertaken in pursuing business objectives and initiatives. The Board of Directors, primarily through its Risk Management Committee, oversees performance relative to the risk management framework, risk appetite statements, and other policy requirements.
The Executive Risk Committee (“ERC”), which is chaired by the Chief Risk Officer and includes the Chief Executive Officer and other members of the executive management team, oversees execution against the risk management framework and risk appetite statements. The ERC focuses on current and emerging risks, including strategic and reputation risks, by directing timely and comprehensive actions. Senior operating committees have also been established, each responsible for overseeing a specified category of risk.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
7
 

The Company’s most prominent risk exposures are credit, interest rate, market, liquidity, operational, compliance, strategic, and reputation. Leveraging the Company’s risk management framework, COVID-19 specific impacts and related risks are identified for each of the most prominent exposures. Oversight and governance is managed through a centralized command center which escalates through the ERC. The Board of Directors also oversees the Company’s responsiveness to the COVID-19 pandemic. Credit risk is the risk of not collecting the interest and/or the principal balance of a loan, investment or derivative contract when it is due. Interest rate risk is the potential reduction of net interest income or market valuations as a result of changes in interest rates. Market risk arises from fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and security prices that may result in changes in the values of financial instruments, such as trading and
available-for-sale
securities, mortgage loans held for sale (“MLHFS”), MSRs and derivatives that are accounted for on a fair value basis. Liquidity risk is the possible inability to fund obligations or new business at a reasonable cost and in a timely manner. Operational risk is the risk of loss arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems, people, or adverse external events, including the risk of loss resulting from breaches in data security. Operational risk can also include the risk of loss due to failures by third parties with which the Company does business. Compliance risk is the risk that the Company may suffer legal or regulatory sanctions, material financial loss, or loss to reputation through failure to comply with laws, regulations, rules, standards of good practice, and codes of conduct. Strategic risk is the risk to current or projected financial condition arising from adverse business decisions, poor implementation of business decisions, or lack of responsiveness to changes in the banking industry and operating environment. Reputation risk is the risk to current or anticipated earnings, capital, or franchise or enterprise value arising from negative public opinion. This risk may impair the Company’s competitiveness by affecting its ability to establish new customer relationships, offer new services or continue serving existing customer relationships. In addition to the risks identified above, other risk factors exist that may impact the Company. Refer to “Risk Factors” in this report and in the Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, for a detailed discussion of these factors.
The Company’s Board and management-level governance committees are supported by a “three lines of defense” model for establishing effective checks and balances. The first line of defense, the business lines, manages risks in conformity with established limits and policy requirements. In turn, business line leaders and their risk officers establish programs to ensure conformity with these limits and policy requirements. The second line of defense, which includes the Chief Risk Officer’s organization as well as policy and oversight activities of corporate support functions, translates risk appetite and strategy into actionable risk limits and policies. The second line of defense monitors first line of defense conformity with limits and policies, and provides reporting and escalation of emerging risks and other concerns to senior management and the Risk Management Committee of the Board of Directors. The third line of defense, internal audit, is responsible for providing the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors and senior management with independent assessment and assurance regarding the effectiveness of the Company’s governance, risk management and control processes.
Management regularly provides reports to the Risk Management Committee of the Board of Directors. The Risk Management Committee discusses with management the Company’s risk management performance, and provides a summary of key risks to the entire Board of Directors, covering the status of existing matters, areas of potential future concern and specific information on certain types of loss events. The Risk Management Committee considers quarterly reports by management assessing the Company’s performance relative to the risk appetite statements and the associated risk limits, including:
 
Macroeconomic environment and other qualitative considerations, such as regulatory and compliance changes, litigation developments, and technology and cybersecurity;
 
 
Credit measures, including adversely rated and nonperforming loans, leveraged transactions, credit concentrations and lending limits;
 
 
Interest rate and market risk, including market value and net income simulation, and trading-related Value at Risk (“VaR”);
 
 
Liquidity risk, including funding projections under various stressed scenarios;
 
 
Operational and compliance risk, including losses stemming from events such as fraud, processing errors, control breaches, breaches in data security or adverse business decisions, as well as reporting on technology performance, and various legal and regulatory compliance measures;
 
 
Capital ratios and projections, including regulatory measures and stressed scenarios; and
 
 
Strategic and reputation risk considerations, impacts and responses.
 
 
     
8
   U.S. Bancorp
 

Credit Risk Management
 The Company’s strategy for credit risk management includes well-defined, centralized credit policies, uniform underwriting criteria, and ongoing risk monitoring and review processes for all commercial and consumer credit exposures. In evaluating its credit risk, the Company considers changes, if any, in underwriting activities, the loan portfolio composition (including product mix and geographic, industry or customer-specific concentrations), collateral values, trends in loan performance and macroeconomic factors, such as changes in unemployment rates, gross domestic product and consumer bankruptcy filings, as well as the potential impact on customers and the domestic economy resulting from new tariffs or increases in existing tariffs, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The Risk Management Committee oversees the Company’s credit risk management process.
In addition, credit quality ratings as defined by the Company, are an important part of the Company’s overall credit risk management and evaluation of its allowance for credit losses. Loans with a pass rating represent those loans not classified on the Company’s rating scale for problem credits, as minimal risk has been identified. Loans with a special mention or classified rating, including loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing, nonaccrual loans, those loans considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”), and loans in a junior lien position that are current but are behind a modified or delinquent loan in a first lien position, encompass all loans held by the Company that it considers to have a potential or well-defined weakness that may put full collection of contractual cash flows at risk. The Company’s internal credit quality ratings for consumer loans are primarily based on delinquency and nonperforming status, except for a limited population of larger loans within those portfolios that are individually evaluated. For this limited population, the determination of the internal credit quality rating may also consider collateral value and customer cash flows. Refer to Note 4 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the Company’s loan portfolios including internal credit quality ratings. In addition, refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Credit Risk Management” in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, for a more detailed discussion on credit risk management processes.
The Company manages its credit risk, in part, through diversification of its loan portfolio which is achieved through limit setting by product type criteria, such as industry, and identification of credit concentrations. As part of its normal business activities, the Company offers a broad array of lending products. The Company categorizes its loan portfolio into two segments, which is the level at which it develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine the allowance for credit losses. The Company’s two loan portfolio segments are commercial lending and consumer lending.
The commercial lending segment includes loans and leases made to small business, middle market, large corporate, commercial real estate, financial institution,
non-profit
and public sector customers. Key risk characteristics relevant to commercial lending segment loans include the industry and geography of the borrower’s business, purpose of the loan, repayment source, borrower’s debt capacity and financial flexibility, loan covenants, and nature of pledged collateral, if any. These risk characteristics, among others, are considered in determining estimates about the likelihood of default by the borrowers and the severity of loss in the event of default. The Company considers these risk characteristics in assigning internal risk ratings to, or forecasting losses on, these loans, which are the significant factors in determining the allowance for credit losses for loans in the commercial lending segment.
The consumer lending segment represents loans and leases made to consumer customers, including residential mortgages, credit card loans, and other retail loans such as revolving consumer lines, auto loans and leases, home equity loans and lines, and student loans, a
run-off
portfolio. Home equity or second mortgage loans are junior lien
closed-end
accounts fully disbursed at origination. These loans typically are fixed rate loans, secured by residential real estate, with a
10-
or
15-year
fixed payment amortization schedule. Home equity lines are revolving accounts giving the borrower the ability to draw and repay balances repeatedly, up to a maximum commitment, and are secured by residential real estate. These include accounts in either a first or junior lien position. Typical terms on home equity lines in the portfolio are variable rates benchmarked to the prime rate, with a
10-
or
15-year
draw period during which a minimum payment is equivalent to the monthly interest, followed by a
20-
or
10-year
amortization period, respectively. At March 31, 2020, substantially all of the Company’s home equity lines were in the draw period. Approximately $1.3 billion, or 10 percent, of the outstanding home equity line balances at March 31, 2020, will enter the amortization period within the next 36 months. Key risk characteristics relevant to consumer lending segment loans primarily relate to the borrowers’ capacity and willingness to repay and include unemployment rates and other economic factors, customer payment history and credit scores, and in some cases, updated
loan-to-value
(“LTV”) information
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
9
 

reflecting current market conditions on real estate-based loans. These risk characteristics, among others including elevated risk resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, are reflected in forecasts of delinquency levels, bankruptcies and losses which are the primary factors in determining the allowance for credit losses for the consumer lending segment.
The Company further disaggregates its loan portfolio segments into various classes based on their underlying risk characteristics. The two classes within the commercial lending segment are commercial loans and commercial real estate loans. The three classes within the consumer lending segment are residential mortgages, credit card loans and other retail loans.
The Company’s consumer lending segment utilizes several distinct business processes and channels to originate consumer credit, including traditional branch lending, mobile and
on-line
banking, indirect lending, correspondent banks and loan brokers. Each distinct underwriting and origination activity manages unique credit risk characteristics and prices its loan production commensurate with the differing risk profiles.
Residential mortgage originations are generally limited to prime borrowers and are performed through the Company’s branches, loan production offices, mobile and
on-line
services and a wholesale network of originators. The Company may retain residential mortgage loans it originates on its balance sheet or sell the loans into the secondary market while retaining the servicing rights and customer relationships. Utilizing the secondary markets enables the Company to effectively reduce its credit and other asset/liability risks. For residential mortgages that are retained in the Company’s portfolio and for home equity and second mortgages, credit risk is also diversified by geography and managed by adherence to LTV and borrower credit criteria during the underwriting process.
The Company estimates updated LTV information on its outstanding residential mortgages quarterly, based on a method that combines automated valuation model updates and relevant home price indices. LTV is the ratio of the loan’s outstanding principal balance to the current estimate of property value. For home equity and second mortgages, combined
loan-to-value
(“CLTV”) is the combination of the first mortgage original principal balance and the second lien outstanding principal balance, relative to the current estimate of property value. Certain loans do not have an LTV or CLTV, primarily due to lack of availability of relevant automated valuation model and/or home price indices values, or lack of necessary valuation data on acquired loans.
The following tables provide summary information of residential mortgages and home equity and second mortgages by LTV and borrower type at March 31, 2020:
 
                                 
Residential Mortgages
(Dollars in Millions)
 
Interest
Only
    Amortizing     Total     Percent
of Total
 
Loan-to-Value
       
Less than or equal to 80%
  $ 2,702     $ 57,964     $ 60,666       85.2
Over 80% through 90%
    20       6,160       6,180       8.7  
Over 90% through 100%
    1       776       777       1.1  
Over 100%
          172       172       .3  
No LTV available
          23       23        
Loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools (a)
          3,357       3,357       4.7  
Total
  $ 2,723     $ 68,452     $ 71,175       100.0
Borrower Type
       
Prime borrowers
  $ 2,723     $ 64,514     $ 67,237       94.5
Sub-prime
borrowers
          581       581       .8  
Loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools (a)
          3,357       3,357       4.7  
Total
  $ 2,723     $ 68,452     $ 71,175       100.0
 
 
(a)
Represents loans purchased from Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) mortgage pools whose payments are primarily insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.
 
 
                                 
Home Equity and Second Mortgages
(Dollars in Millions)
  Lines     Loans     Total     Percent
of Total
 
Loan-to-Value
       
Less than or equal to 80%
  $ 10,910     $ 896     $ 11,806       79.5
Over 80% through 90%
    1,736       638       2,374       16.0  
Over 90% through 100%
    355       58       413       2.8  
Over 100%
    119       10       129       .9  
No LTV/CLTV available
    109       5       114       .8  
Total
  $ 13,229     $ 1,607     $ 14,836       100.0
Borrower Type
       
Prime borrowers
  $ 13,198     $ 1,571     $ 14,769       99.5
Sub-prime
borrowers
    31       36       67       .5  
Total
  $ 13,229     $ 1,607     $ 14,836       100.0
 
 
     
10
   U.S. Bancorp
 

Home equity and second mortgages were $14.8 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $15.0 billion at December 31, 2019, and included $3.8 billion of home equity lines in a first lien position and $11.0 billion of home equity and second mortgage loans and lines in a junior lien position. Loans and lines in a junior lien position at March 31, 2020, included approximately $4.4 billion of loans and lines for which the Company also serviced the related first lien loan, and approximately $6.6 billion where the Company did not service the related first lien loan. The Company was able to determine the status of the related first liens using information the Company has as the servicer of the first lien or information reported on customer credit bureau files. The Company also evaluates other indicators of credit risk for these junior lien loans and lines including delinquency, estimated average CLTV ratios and updated weighted-average credit scores in making its assessment of credit risk, related loss estimates and determining the allowance for credit losses.
The following table provides a summary of delinquency statistics and other credit quality indicators for the Company’s junior lien positions at March 31, 2020:
 
                         
    Junior Liens Behind        
(Dollars in Millions)  
Company Owned
or Serviced
First Lien
    Third Party
First Lien
    Total  
Total
  $ 4,398     $ 6,664     $ 11,062  
Percent 30—89 days past due
    .33     .52     .44
Percent 90 days or more past due
    .04     .06     .05
Weighted-average CLTV
    69     67     68
Weighted-average credit score
    779       775       777  
 
 
See the “Analysis and Determination of the Allowance for Credit Losses” section for additional information on how the Company determines the allowance for credit losses for loans in a junior lien position.
Loan Delinquencies
Trends in delinquency ratios are an indicator, among other considerations, of credit risk within the Company’s loan portfolios. The Company measures delinquencies, both including and excluding nonperforming loans, to enable comparability with other companies. Accruing loans 90 days or more past due totaled $579 million at March 31, 2020, compared with $605 million at December 31, 2019. These balances exclude loans purchased from Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) mortgage pools whose repayments are primarily insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs. Accruing loans 90 days or more past due are not included in nonperforming assets and continue to accrue interest because they are adequately secured by collateral, are in the process of collection and are reasonably expected to result in repayment or restoration to current status, or are managed in homogeneous portfolios with specified
charge-off
timeframes adhering to regulatory guidelines. The ratio of accruing loans 90 days or more past due to total loans was 0.18 percent at March 31, 2020, compared with 0.20 percent at December 31, 2019.
 
     
 Table 5
 
   Delinquent Loan Ratios as a Percent of Ending Loan Balances
 
 
 
                 
90 days or more past due
excluding
nonperforming loans
  March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
Commercial
   
Commercial
    .07     .08
Lease financing
           
Total commercial
    .06       .08  
Commercial Real Estate
   
Commercial mortgages
          .01  
Construction and development
    .02        
Total commercial real estate
          .01  
Residential Mortgages (a)
    .15       .17  
Credit Card
    1.29       1.23  
Other Retail
   
Retail leasing
    .04       .05  
Home equity and second mortgages
    .30       .32  
Other
    .14       .13  
Total other retail
    .17       .17  
Total loans
    .18     .20
90 days or more past due
including
nonperforming loans
  March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
Commercial
    .31     .27
Commercial real estate
    .25       .21  
Residential mortgages (a)
    .49       .51  
Credit card
    1.29       1.23  
Other retail
    .45       .46  
Total loans
    .44     .44
 
 
(a)
Delinquent loan ratios exclude $1.6 billion at March 31, 2020, and $1.7 billion at December 31, 2019, of loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are primarily insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs. Including these loans, the ratio of residential mortgages 90 days or more past due including all nonperforming loans was 2.78 percent at March 31, 2020, and 2.92 percent at December 31, 2019.
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
11
 
 

The following table provides summary delinquency information for residential mortgages, credit card and other retail loans included in the consumer lending segment:
 
                                         
    Amount              As a Percent of Ending
Loan Balances
 
(Dollars in Millions)   March 31,
2020
     December 31,
2019
             March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
Residential Mortgages (a)
              
30-89
days
  $ 164      $ 154             .23     .22
90 days or more
    108        120             .15       .17  
Nonperforming
    243        241                 .34       .34  
Total
  $ 515      $ 515             .72     .73
Credit Card
              
30-89
days
  $ 293      $ 321             1.29     1.30
90 days or more
    294        306             1.29       1.23  
Nonperforming
                                  
Total
  $ 587      $ 627             2.58     2.53
Other Retail
              
Retail Leasing
              
30-89
days
  $ 45      $ 45             .52     .53
90 days or more
    3        4             .04       .05  
Nonperforming
    15        13                 .18       .15  
Total
  $ 63      $ 62             .74     .73
Home Equity and Second Mortgages
              
30-89
days
  $ 78      $ 77             .53     .51
90 days or more
    45        48             .30       .32  
Nonperforming
    112        116                 .75       .77  
Total
  $ 235      $ 241             1.58     1.60
Other (b)
              
30-89
days
  $ 264      $ 271             .79     .81
90 days or more
    47        45             .14       .13  
Nonperforming
    35        36                 .10       .11  
Total
  $ 346      $ 352                 1.03     1.05
 
 
 
(a)
Excludes $396 million of loans
30-89
days past due and $1.6 billion of loans 90 days or more past due at March 31, 2020, purchased from GNMA mortgage pools that continue to accrue interest, compared with $428 million and $1.7 billion at December 31, 2019, respectively.
 
 
(b)
Includes revolving credit, installment, automobile and student loans.
 
 
 
Restructured Loans
In certain circumstances, the Company may modify the terms of a loan to maximize the collection of amounts due when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties or is expected to experience difficulties in the near-term. In most cases the modification is either a concessionary reduction in interest rate, extension of the maturity date or reduction in the principal balance that would otherwise not be considered.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
Concessionary modifications are classified as TDRs unless the modification results in only an insignificant delay in the payments to be received. TDRs accrue interest if the borrower complies with the revised terms and conditions and has demonstrated repayment performance at a level commensurate with the modified terms over several payment cycles, which is generally six months or greater. At March 31, 2020, performing TDRs were $3.7 billion, compared with $3.8 billion at December 31, 2019.
The Company continues to work with customers to modify loans for borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulties. Many of the Company’s TDRs are determined on a
case-by-case
basis in connection with ongoing loan collection processes. The modifications vary within each of the Company’s loan classes. Commercial lending segment TDRs generally include extensions of the maturity date and may be accompanied by an increase or decrease to the interest rate. The Company may also work with the borrower to make other changes to the loan to mitigate losses, such as obtaining additional collateral and/or guarantees to support the loan.
The Company has also implemented certain residential mortgage loan restructuring programs that may result in TDRs. The Company modifies residential mortgage loans under Federal Housing Administration, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, and its own internal programs. Under these programs, the Company offers qualifying homeowners the opportunity to permanently modify their loan and achieve more affordable monthly payments by providing loan concessions. These concessions may include adjustments to interest rates, conversion of adjustable rates to fixed rates, extensions of maturity dates or deferrals of payments, capitalization of accrued interest and/or outstanding advances, or in limited situations, partial forgiveness of loan principal. In most instances, participation in residential mortgage loan restructuring programs requires the customer to complete a short-term trial period. A permanent loan modification is contingent on the customer successfully completing the trial period
 
     
12
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 

arrangement, and the loan documents are not modified until that time. The Company reports loans in a trial period arrangement as TDRs and continues to report them as TDRs after the trial period.
Credit card and other retail loan TDRs are generally part of distinct restructuring programs providing customers modification solutions over a specified time period, generally up to 60 months.
In accordance with regulatory guidance, the Company considers secured consumer loans that have had debt discharged through bankruptcy where the borrower has not reaffirmed the debt to be TDRs. If the loan amount exceeds the collateral value, the loan is charged down to collateral value and the remaining amount is reported as nonperforming.
Loan modifications or concessions granted to customers resulting directly from the effects of the
COVID-19
pandemic, who were otherwise in current payment status, are not considered to be TDRs.
 
The following table provides a summary of TDRs by loan class, including the delinquency status for TDRs that continue to accrue interest and TDRs included in nonperforming assets:
 
                                         
           As a Percent of Performing TDRs              
At March 31, 2020
(Dollars in Millions)
  Performing
TDRs
    
30-89 Days

Past Due
    90 Days or More
Past Due
    Nonperforming
TDRs
    Total
TDRs
 
Commercial
  $ 256        5.2     2.7   $ 121 (a)    $ 377  
Commercial real estate
    166        2.3             42 (b)      208  
Residential mortgages
    1,239        3.0       4.0       143       1,382 (d) 
Credit card
    266        10.4       6.6             266  
Other retail
    153        8.2       6.6       29 (c)      182 (e) 
TDRs, excluding loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools
    2,080        4.5       4.1       335       2,415  
Loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools (g)
    1,619                          1,619 (f) 
Total
  $ 3,699        2.5     2.3   $ 335     $ 4,034  
 
 
 
(a)
Primarily represents loans less than six months from the modification date that have not met the performance period required to return to accrual status (generally six months) and small business credit cards with a modified rate equal to 0 percent.
 
 
(b)
Primarily represents loans less than six months from the modification date that have not met the performance period required to return to accrual status (generally six months).
 
 
(c)
Primarily represents loans with a modified rate equal to 0 percent.
 
 
(d)
Includes $298 million of residential mortgage loans to borrowers that have had debt discharged through bankruptcy and $29 million in trial period arrangements or previously placed in trial period arrangements but not successfully completed.
 
 
(e)
Includes $83 million of other retail loans to borrowers that have had debt discharged through bankruptcy and $18 million in trial period arrangements or previously placed in trial period arrangements but not successfully completed.
 
 
(f)
Includes $134 million of Federal Housing Administration and United States Department of Veterans Affairs residential mortgage loans to borrowers that have had debt discharged through bankruptcy and $379 million in trial period arrangements or previously placed in trial period arrangements but not successfully completed.
 
 
(g)
Approximately 6.2 percent and 45.4 percent of the total TDR loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools are
30-89
days past due and 90 days or more past due, respectively, but are not classified as delinquent as their repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
13
 
 

Short-term Modifications
The Company makes short-term modifications that it does not consider to be TDRs, in limited circumstances, to assist borrowers experiencing temporary hardships, including those modifications resulting directly from the
COVID-19
pandemic. Consumer lending programs include payment reductions, deferrals of up to three past due payments, and the ability to return to current status if the borrower makes required payments. The Company may also make short-term modifications to commercial lending loans, with the most common modification being an extension of the maturity date of three months or less. Such extensions generally are used when the maturity date is imminent and the borrower is experiencing some level of financial stress, but the Company believes the borrower will pay all contractual amounts owed. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had approved modifications to approximately $3.1 billion of loans included on its consolidated balance sheet related to borrowers impacted by the
COVID-19
pandemic, consisting primarily of payment deferrals of 90 days or less on loans within the consumer lending segment.
Nonperforming Assets
The level of nonperforming assets represents another indicator of the potential for future credit losses. Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans, restructured loans not performing in accordance with modified terms and not accruing interest, restructured loans that have not met the performance period required to return to accrual status, other real estate owned (“OREO”) and other nonperforming assets owned by the Company. Interest payments collected from assets on nonaccrual status are generally applied against the principal balance and not recorded as income. However, interest income may be recognized for interest payments if the remaining carrying amount of the loan is believed to be collectible.
At March 31, 2020, total nonperforming assets were $946 million, compared to $829 million at December 31, 2019. The $117 million (14.1 percent) increase in nonperforming assets was driven by increases in nonperforming commercial and commercial real estate loans. The ratio of total nonperforming assets to total loans and other real estate was 0.30 percent at March 31, 2020, compared with 0.28 percent at December 31, 2019. The Company expects nonperforming assets to increase given current economic conditions.
OREO was $70 million at March 31, 2020, compared with $78 million at December 31, 2019, and was related to foreclosed properties that previously secured loan balances. These balances exclude foreclosed GNMA loans whose repayments are primarily insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.
 
The following table provides an analysis of OREO as a percent of their related loan balances, including geographical location detail for residential (residential mortgage, home equity and second mortgage) and commercial (commercial and commercial real estate) loan balances:
 
                                         
    Amount             As a Percent of Ending
Loan Balances
 
(Dollars in Millions)   March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
            March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
Residential
            
Illinois
  $ 8     $ 10            .18     .22
Minnesota
    6       6            .10       .10  
New York
    6       6            .66       .66  
California
    5       7            .02       .03  
Oregon
    3       4            .09       .12  
All other states
    39       41                .09       .09  
Total residential
    67       74            .08       .09  
Commercial
            
California
    3       3            .01       .01  
All other states
          1                       
Total commercial
    3       4                       
Total
  $ 70     $ 78                .02     .03
 
 
 
     
14
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 

 
Table 6
 
   Nonperforming Assets (a)
 
 
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)   March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
Commercial
   
Commercial
  $ 276     $ 172  
Lease financing
    33       32  
Total commercial
    309       204  
Commercial Real Estate
   
Commercial mortgages
    89       74  
Construction and development
    12       8  
Total commercial real estate
    101       82  
Residential Mortgages (b)
    243       241  
Credit Card
           
Other Retail
   
Retail leasing
    15       13  
Home equity and second mortgages
    112       116  
Other
    35       36  
Total other retail
    162       165  
Total nonperforming loans
    815       692  
Other Real Estate (c)
    70       78  
Other Assets
    61       59  
Total nonperforming assets
  $ 946     $ 829  
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due (b)
  $ 579     $ 605  
Nonperforming loans to total loans
    .26     .23
Nonperforming assets to total loans plus other real estate (c)
    .30     .28
 
 
Changes in Nonperforming Assets    
 
                         
(Dollars in Millions)    Commercial and
Commercial
Real Estate
    Residential
Mortgages,
Credit Card and
Other Retail
    Total  
Balance December 31, 2019
   $ 321     $ 508     $ 829  
Additions to nonperforming assets
      
New nonaccrual loans and foreclosed properties
     183       85       268  
Advances on loans
     1             1  
Total additions
     184       85       269  
Reductions in nonperforming assets
      
Paydowns, payoffs
     (20     (32     (52
Net sales
     (3     (18     (21
Return to performing status
     (4     (35     (39
Charge-offs (d)
     (34     (6     (40
Total reductions
     (61     (91     (152
Net additions to (reductions in) nonperforming assets
     123       (6     117  
Balance March 31, 2020
   $ 444     $ 502     $ 946  
 
 
 
(a)
Throughout this document, nonperforming assets and related ratios do not include accruing loans 90 days or more past due.
 
 
(b)
Excludes $1.6 billion at March 31, 2019, and $1.7 billion at December 31, 2019, of loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools that are 90 days or more past due that continue to accrue interest, as their repayments are primarily insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.
 
 
(c)
Foreclosed GNMA loans of $122 million at March 31, 2020, and $155 million at December 31, 2019, continue to accrue interest and are recorded as other assets and excluded from nonperforming assets because they are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.
 
 
(d)
Charge-offs exclude actions for certain card products and loan sales that were not classified as nonperforming at the time the
charge-off
occurred.
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
15
 
 

     
 
Table 7
 
   Net Charge-offs as a Percent of Average Loans Outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
                 
     Three Months Ended
March 31
 
      2020     2019  
Commercial
    
Commercial
     .28     .30
Lease financing
     .36       .15  
Total commercial
     .28       .29  
Commercial Real Estate
    
Commercial mortgages
     (.01      
Construction and development
     (.04      
Total commercial real estate
     (.02      
Residential Mortgages
     .01       .02  
Credit Card
     3.95       4.04  
Other Retail
    
Retail leasing
     .90       .19  
Home equity and second mortgages
     .03       (.03
Other
     .79       .80  
Total other retail
     .61       .47  
Total loans
     .53     .52
 
 
 
 
 
Analysis of Loan Net Charge-Offs
 Total loan net charge-offs were $393 million for the first quarter of 2020, compared with $367 million for the first quarter of 2019. The ratio of total loan net charge-offs to average loans outstanding on an annualized basis for the first quarter of 2020 was 0.53 percent, compared with 0.52 percent for the first quarter of 2019. The increase in net charge-offs for the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, reflected higher retail leasing and credit card loan net charge-offs. The increase in retail leasing charge-offs reflected the inclusion of end of term losses on residual lease values as of January 1, 2020. The Company expects net charge-offs to increase given current economic conditions.
Analysis and Determination of the Allowance for Credit Losses
 Prior to January 1, 2020, the allowance for credit losses was established to reserve for probable and estimable losses incurred in the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, including unfunded credit commitments. Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted new accounting guidance which changed previous impairment recognition to a model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. The allowance for credit losses is increased through provisions charged to earnings and reduced by net charge-offs, inclusive of expected recoveries. Management evaluates the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis. The allowance considers expected losses for the remaining lives of the applicable assets. Multiple economic scenarios are considered over a three-year reasonable and supportable forecast period, which incorporates historical loss experience in years two and three. After the forecast period, the Company fully reverts to long-term historical loss experience, adjusted for prepayments and characteristics of the current loan and lease portfolio, to estimate losses over the remaining lives. The economic scenarios are updated at least quarterly, and are designed to provide a range of reasonable estimates, both better and worse than current expectations. Scenarios are weighted based on the Company’s expectation of future conditions. Final loss estimates also consider factors affecting credit losses not reflected in the scenarios, due to the unique aspects of current conditions and expectations. These factors may include loan servicing practices, regulatory guidance, and/or fiscal and monetary policy actions. Because business processes and credit risks associated with unfunded credit commitments are essentially the same as for loans, the Company utilizes similar processes to estimate its liability for unfunded credit commitments, which is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Both the allowance for loan losses and the liability for unfunded credit commitments are included in the Company’s analysis of credit losses and reported reserve ratios.
The allowance recorded for credit losses utilizes forward-looking expected loss models to consider a variety of factors affecting lifetime credit losses. These factors include loan and borrower characteristics, such as internal risk ratings on commercial loans and consumer credit scores, delinquency status, collateral type and available valuation information, consideration of end-of-term losses on lease residuals, and the remaining term of the loan, adjusted for expected prepayments. Where loans do not exhibit similar risk characteristics, an individual analysis is performed to consider expected credit losses. For each loan portfolio, model estimates are adjusted as necessary to consider any relevant changes in portfolio composition, lending policies, underwriting standards, risk management practices or economic conditions that would affect the accuracy of the model.
 
     
16
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 

The results of the analysis are evaluated quarterly to confirm the estimates are appropriate for each loan portfolio. Expected credit loss estimates also include consideration of expected cash recoveries on loans previously charged-off, or expected recoveries on collateral dependent loans where recovery is expected through sale of the collateral. The allowance recorded for individually evaluated loans greater than $5 million in the commercial lending segment is based on an analysis utilizing expected cash flows discounted using the original effective interest rate, the observable market price of the loan, or the fair value of the collateral, less selling costs, for collateral-dependent loans.
The allowance recorded for TDR loans in the consumer lending segment is determined on a homogenous pool basis utilizing expected cash flows discounted using the original effective interest rate of the pool. The allowance for collateral-dependent loans in the consumer lending segment is determined based on the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell and any expected future write-offs or recoveries. The allowance for credit losses on consumer lending segment TDR loans includes the consideration of subsequent payment defaults since modification, the borrower’s ability to pay under the restructured terms, and the timing and amount of payments.
When evaluating the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses for any loans and lines in a junior lien position, the Company considers the delinquency and modification status of the first lien. At March 31, 2020, the Company serviced the first lien on 40 percent of the home equity loans and lines in a junior lien position. The Company also considers the status of first lien mortgage accounts reported on customer credit bureau files when the first lien is not serviced by the Company. Regardless of whether the Company services the first lien, an assessment is made of economic conditions, problem loans, recent loss experience and other factors in determining the allowance for credit losses. Based on the available information, the Company estimated $290 million or 2.0 percent of its total home equity portfolio at March 31, 2020, represented non-delinquent junior liens where the first lien was delinquent or modified.
The Company considers historical loss experience on the loans and lines in a junior lien position to establish loss estimates for junior lien loans and lines the Company services that are current, but the first lien is delinquent or modified. Historically, the number of junior lien defaults has been a small percentage of the total portfolio (approximately 1 percent annually), while the long-term average loss rate on loans that default has been approximately 90 percent. In addition, the Company obtains updated credit scores on its home equity portfolio each quarter, and in some cases more frequently, and uses this information in its loss estimation methods. In its evaluation of the allowance for credit losses, the Company also considers the increased risk of loss associated with home equity lines that are contractually scheduled to convert from a revolving status to a fully amortizing payment and with residential lines and loans that have a balloon payoff provision.
Beginning January 1, 2020, when a loan portfolio is purchased, the acquired loans are divided into those considered purchased with more than insignificant credit deterioration (“PCD”) and those not considered purchased with more than insignificant credit deterioration. An allowance is established for each population and considers product mix, risk characteristics of the portfolio, bankruptcy experience, delinquency status, refreshed LTV ratios when possible, and portfolio growth. The allowance established for purchased loans not considered PCD is recognized through provision expense upon acquisition, whereas the allowance established for loans considered PCD at acquisition is offset by an increase in the basis of the acquired loans. Any subsequent increases and decreases in the allowance related to purchased loans are recognized through provision expense, with future charge-offs charged to the allowance. The Company did not have a material amount of PCD loans included in its loan portfolio at March 31, 2020.
The Company’s methodology for determining the appropriate allowance for credit losses for each loan segment also considers the imprecision inherent in the methodologies used. As a result, amounts determined under the methodologies described above are adjusted by management to consider the potential impact of other qualitative factors which include, but are not limited to, the following: model imprecision, imprecision in economic scenario assumptions, and emerging risks related to either changes in the
economic environment that are affecting specific portfolio segments, or changes in portfolio concentrations over time that may affect model performance. The consideration of these items results in adjustments to allowance amounts included in the Company’s allowance for credit losses for each portfolio class.
Although the Company determined the amount of each element of the allowance separately and considers this process to be an important credit management tool, the entire allowance for credit losses is available for the entire loan portfolio. The actual amount of losses can vary significantly from the estimated amounts.
At March 31, 2020, the allowance for credit losses was $6.6 billion (2.07 percent of period-end loans),
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
17
 
 
 
 

compared with an allowance of $4.5 billion (1.52 percent of period-end loans) at December 31, 2019. The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans was 809 percent at March 31, 2020, compared with 649 percent at December 31, 2019. The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to annualized loan net charge-offs was 417 percent at March 31, 2020, compared with 309 percent of full year 2019 net charge-offs at December 31, 2019.
The increase in the allowance for credit losses of $2.1 billion (46.7 percent) at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, reflected the $1.5 billion impact of the January 1, 2020 adoption of new accounting guidance, along with an additional $600 million increase during the first quarter of 2020 due to deteriorating economic conditions driven by the impact of COVID-19 on the domestic and global economies. Expected loss estimates considered both the decrease in economic activity, and the mitigating effects of government stimulus and industrywide loan modification efforts designed to limit long-term effects of the pandemic event.
Changes in economic conditions as of March 31, 2020 included steep declines in economic activity related to actions taken by governmental authorities to slow the spread of COVID-19, including stay-at-home orders. Record increases in unemployment claims, and declining Gross Domestic Product estimates for the first half of 2020, as well as contractions in manufacturing activity and oil prices, were all observable changes in conditions that increased expected credit losses. At the same time, record economic stimulus measures were also enacted, with the intent to support businesses and consumers through what is expected to be a temporary period of reduced activity. To balance these offsetting factors, economic scenarios updated through the end of the first quarter of 2020 that produced higher quantitative loss estimates consistent with the expected deterioration in reported economic statistics were evaluated in conjunction with management’s expectation that current and potential future stimulus efforts, as well as industrywide availability of short-term payment deferral programs, would mitigate losses estimated from models based on historical data from periods when mitigation efforts were not as extensive. Overall, loss expectations are consistent with prior economic downturn experience, but the severity of the deterioration in current economic conditions is not expected to persist over the life of the loan portfolio.
The allowance for credit losses related to commercial lending segment loans increased $542 million at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, as increased loan volume and credit downgrades during March 2020 reflected the immediate impact of COVID-19 on certain industry sectors, including the travel, lodging, restaurants, energy, retail, media and entertainment, and automobile industries that were severely impacted by virus containment measures. The allowance for credit losses related to consumer lending segment loans increased $58 million at March 31, 2020, compared with December 31, 2019, as higher economic risks were mitigated by strong underlying credit quality that supports expectations of long-term repayment, and the decline in funded loan balances.
 
     
18
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 

     
 
Table 8
 
   Summary of Allowance for Credit Losses
 
 
 
 
 
                 
     Three Months Ended
March 31
 
(Dollars in Millions)    2020     2019  
Balance at beginning of period
   $ 4,491     $ 4,441  
Change in accounting principle (a)
     1,499        
Charge-Offs
                
Commercial
                
Commercial
     81       106  
Lease financing
     7       5  
Total commercial
     88       111  
Commercial real estate
                
Commercial mortgages
           1  
Construction and development
            
Total commercial real estate
           1  
Residential mortgages
     8       8  
Credit card
     274       257  
Other retail
                
Retail leasing
     25       6  
Home equity and second mortgages
     5       5  
Other
     91       85  
Total other retail
     121       96  
Total charge-offs
     491       473  
Recoveries
                
Commercial
                
Commercial
     12       35  
Lease financing
     2       3  
Total commercial
     14       38  
Commercial real estate
                
Commercial mortgages
     1       1  
Construction and development
     1        
Total commercial real estate
     2       1  
Residential mortgages
     7       5  
Credit card
     40       32  
Other retail
                
Retail leasing
     6       2  
Home equity and second mortgages
     4       6  
Other
     25       22  
Total other retail
     35       30  
Total recoveries
     98       106  
Net Charge-Offs
                
Commercial
                
Commercial
     69       71  
Lease financing
     5       2  
Total commercial
     74       73  
Commercial real estate
                
Commercial mortgages
     (1      
Construction and development
     (1      
Total commercial real estate
     (2      
Residential mortgages
     1       3  
Credit card
     234       225  
Other retail
                
Retail leasing
     19       4  
Home equity and second mortgages
     1       (1
Other
     66       63  
Total other retail
     86       66  
Total net charge-offs
     393       367  
Provision for credit losses
     993       377  
Balance at end of period
   $ 6,590     $ 4,451  
Components
                
Allowance for loan losses
   $ 6,216     $ 3,990  
Liability for unfunded credit commitments
     374       461  
Total allowance for credit losses
   $ 6,590     $ 4,451  
Allowance for Credit Losses as a Percentage of
                
Period-end
loans
     2.07     1.55
Nonperforming loans
     809       519  
Nonperforming and accruing loans 90 days or more past due
     473       306  
Nonperforming assets
     697       443  
Annualized net charge-offs
     417       299  
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted accounting guidance which changed impairment recognition of financial instruments to a model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses.
 
 
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
19
 
 
 
 

Residual Value Risk Management
 The Company manages its risk to changes in the residual value of leased vehicles, office and business equipment, and other assets through disciplined residual valuation setting at the inception of a lease, diversification of its leased assets, regular residual asset valuation reviews and monitoring of residual value gains or losses upon the disposition of assets. As of March 31, 2020, no significant change in the amount of residual values or concentration of the portfolios had occurred since December 31, 2019. Refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Residual Value Risk Management” in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, for further discussion on residual value risk management.
Operational Risk Management
 Operational risk is inherent in all business activities, and the management of this risk is important to the achievement of the Company’s objectives. Business lines have direct and primary responsibility and accountability for identifying, controlling, and monitoring operational risks embedded in their business activities. The Company maintains a system of controls with the objective of providing proper transaction authorization and execution, proper system operations, proper oversight of third parties with whom it does business, safeguarding of assets from misuse or theft, and ensuring the reliability and security of financial and other data. Refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Operational Risk Management” in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, for further discussion on operational risk management.
Compliance Risk Management
 The Company may suffer legal or regulatory sanctions, material financial loss, or damage to its reputation through failure to comply with laws, regulations, rules, standards of good practice, and codes of conduct, including those related to compliance with Bank Secrecy Act/anti-money laundering requirements, sanctions compliance requirements as administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control, consumer protection and other requirements. The Company has controls and processes in place for the assessment, identification, monitoring, management and reporting of compliance risks and issues. Refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Compliance Risk Management” in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, for further discussion on compliance risk management.
Interest Rate Risk Management
In the banking industry, changes in interest rates are a significant risk that can impact earnings and the safety and soundness of an entity. The Company manages its exposure to changes in interest rates through asset and liability management activities within guidelines established by its Asset Liability Management Committee (“ALCO”) and approved by the Board of Directors. The ALCO has the responsibility for approving and ensuring compliance with the ALCO management policies, including interest rate risk exposure. One way the Company measures and analyzes its interest rate risk is through net interest income simulation analysis.
Simulation analysis incorporates substantially all of the Company’s assets and liabilities and
off-balance
sheet instruments, together with forecasted changes in the balance sheet and assumptions that reflect the current interest rate environment. Through this simulation, management estimates the impact on net interest income of various interest rate changes that differ in the direction, amount and speed of change over time, as well as the shape of the yield curve. This simulation includes assumptions about how the balance sheet is likely to be affected by changes in loan and deposit growth. Assumptions are made to project interest rates for new loans and deposits based on historical analysis, management’s outlook and
re-pricing
strategies. These assumptions are reviewed and validated on a periodic basis with sensitivity analysis being provided for key variables of the simulation. The results are reviewed monthly by the ALCO and are used to guide asset/liability management strategies.
The Company manages its interest rate risk position by holding assets with desired interest rate risk characteristics on its balance sheet, implementing certain pricing strategies for loans and deposits and selecting derivatives and various funding and investment portfolio strategies.
Table 9 summarizes the projected impact to net interest income over the next 12 months of various potential interest rate changes. The sensitivity of the projected impact to net interest income over the next 12 months is dependent on balance sheet growth, product mix, deposit behavior, pricing and funding decisions. While the Company utilizes assumptions based on historical information and expected behaviors, actual outcomes could vary significantly. For example, if deposit outflows are more limited (stable) than the assumptions the Company used in preparing Table 9, the projected impact to net interest income would be an increase of 2.61 percent in the “Up 50 bps” and 3.92 percent in the “Up 200 bps” scenarios.
 
     
20
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 

     
 
Table 9
 
   Sensitivity of Net Interest Income
 
 
 
                                                                         
    March 31, 2020             December 31, 2019  
     Down 50 bps
Immediate
    Up 50 bps
Immediate
    Down 200 bps
Gradual
     Up 200 bps
Gradual
            Down 50 bps
Immediate
    Up 50 bps
Immediate
    Down 200 bps
Gradual
     Up 200 bps
Gradual
 
Net interest income
    (4.17 )%      2.47     *        2.99              (1.43 )%      .83     *        .21
 
 
*
Given the level of interest rates, downward rate scenario is not computed.
 
 
 
Use of Derivatives to Manage Interest Rate and Other Risks
 To manage the sensitivity of earnings and capital to interest rate, prepayment, credit, price and foreign currency fluctuations (asset and liability management positions), the Company enters into derivative transactions. The Company uses derivatives for asset and liability management purposes primarily in the following ways:
 
To convert fixed-rate debt from fixed-rate payments to floating-rate payments;
 
 
 
To convert the cash flows associated with floating-rate debt from floating-rate payments to fixed-rate payments;
 
 
 
To mitigate changes in value of the Company’s unfunded mortgage loan commitments, funded MLHFS and MSRs;
 
 
 
To mitigate remeasurement volatility of foreign currency denominated balances; and
 
 
 
To mitigate the volatility of the Company’s net investment in foreign operations driven by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
 
 
In addition, the Company enters into interest rate and foreign exchange derivative contracts to support the business requirements of its customers (customer-related positions). The Company minimizes the market and liquidity risks of customer-related positions by either entering into similar offsetting positions with broker-dealers, or on a portfolio basis by entering into other derivative or
non-derivative
financial instruments that partially or fully offset the exposure from these customer-related positions. The Company may enter into derivative contracts that are either exchange-traded, centrally cleared through clearinghouses or
over-the-counter.
The Company does not utilize derivatives for speculative purposes.
The Company does not designate all of the derivatives that it enters into for risk management purposes as accounting hedges because of the inefficiency of applying the accounting requirements and may instead elect fair value accounting for the related hedged items. In particular, the Company enters into interest rate swaps, swaptions, forward commitments to buy
to-be-announced
securities (“TBAs”), U.S. Treasury and Eurodollar futures and options on U.S. Treasury futures to mitigate fluctuations in the value of its MSRs, but does not designate those derivatives as accounting hedges.
Additionally, the Company uses forward commitments to sell TBAs and other commitments to sell residential mortgage loans at specified prices to economically hedge the interest rate risk in its residential mortgage loan production activities. At March 31, 2020, the Company had $8.9 billion of forward commitments to sell, hedging $3.7 billion of MLHFS and $8.8 billion of unfunded mortgage loan commitments. The forward commitments to sell and the unfunded mortgage loan commitments on loans intended to be sold are considered derivatives under the accounting guidance related to accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities. The Company has elected the fair value option for the MLHFS.
Derivatives are subject to credit risk associated with counterparties to the contracts. Credit risk associated with derivatives is measured by the Company based on the probability of counterparty default, including consideration of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company manages the credit risk of its derivative positions by diversifying its positions among various counterparties, by entering into master netting arrangements, and, where possible, by requiring collateral arrangements. The Company may also transfer counterparty credit risk related to interest rate swaps to third parties through the use of risk participation agreements. In addition, certain interest rate swaps, interest rate forwards and credit contracts are required to be centrally cleared through clearinghouses to further mitigate counterparty credit risk.
For additional information on derivatives and hedging activities, refer to Notes 12 and 13 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
LIBOR Transition
 In July 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority announced that it would no longer require banks to submit rates for the London InterBank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) after 2021. The Company holds financial instruments that will be impacted by the discontinuance of LIBOR, including certain loans, investment securities, derivatives, borrowings and other financial instruments that use LIBOR as the benchmark rate. The Company also provides various services to customers in its capacity as trustee, which involve financial instruments that will be similarly impacted by the discontinuance of LIBOR. The Company anticipates these financial instruments will require transition to a new reference rate. This transition
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
21
 
 

will occur over the next several years as many of these arrangements do not have an alternative rate referenced in their contracts or a clear path for the parties to agree upon an alternative reference rate. In order to facilitate the transition process, the Company has instituted a LIBOR Transition Office and commenced an enterprise-wide project to identify, assess and monitor risks associated with the expected discontinuance or unavailability of LIBOR, actively engage with industry working groups and regulators, achieve operational readiness and engage impacted customers. It is currently unclear what impact
COVID-19
may have on the LIBOR transition or on the timing thereof. Refer to “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, for further discussion on potential risks that could adversely affect the Company’s financial results as a result of the LIBOR transition.
Market Risk Management
 In addition to interest rate risk, the Company is exposed to other forms of market risk, principally related to trading activities which support customers’ strategies to manage their own foreign currency, interest rate risk and funding activities. For purposes of its internal capital adequacy assessment process, the Company considers risk arising from its trading activities, as well as the remeasurement volatility of foreign currency denominated balances included on its Consolidated Balance Sheet (collectively, “Covered Positions”), employing methodologies consistent with the requirements of regulatory rules for market risk. The Company’s Market Risk Committee (“MRC”), within the framework of the ALCO, oversees market risk management. The MRC monitors and reviews the Company’s Covered Positions and establishes policies for market risk management, including exposure limits for each portfolio. The Company uses a VaR approach to measure general market risk. Theoretically, VaR represents the statistical risk of loss the Company has to adverse market movements over a
one-day
time horizon. The Company uses the Historical Simulation method to calculate VaR for its Covered Positions measured at the ninety-ninth percentile using a
one-year
look-back period for distributions derived from past market data. The market factors used in the calculations include those pertinent to market risks inherent in the underlying trading portfolios, principally those that affect the Company’s corporate bond trading business, foreign currency transaction business, client derivatives business, loan trading business and municipal securities business, as well as those inherent in the Company’s foreign denominated balances and the derivatives used to mitigate the related measurement volatility. On average, the Company expects the
one-day
VaR to be exceeded by actual losses two to three times per year related to these positions. The Company monitors the accuracy of internal VaR models and modeling processes by back-testing model performance, regularly updating the historical data used by the VaR models and regular model validations to assess the accuracy of the models’ input, processing, and reporting components. All models are required to be independently reviewed and approved prior to being placed in use. If the Company were to experience market losses in excess of the estimated VaR more often than expected, the VaR models and associated assumptions would be analyzed and adjusted.
The average, high, low and
period-end
one-day
VaR amounts for the Company’s Covered Positions were as follows:
 
                 
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in Millions)
  2020      2019  
Average
  $ 2      $ 1  
High
    3        2  
Low
    1        1  
Period-end
    3        1  
 
 
Given the recent market volatility, the Company experienced actual losses for its combined Covered Positions that exceeded VaR five times during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The Company did not experience any actual losses for its combined Covered Positions that exceeded VaR during the three months ended March 31, 2019. The Company stress tests its market risk measurements to provide management with perspectives on market events that may not be captured by its VaR models, including worst case historical market movement combinations that have not necessarily occurred on the same date.
The Company calculates Stressed VaR using the same underlying methodology and model as VaR, except that a historical continuous
one-year
look-back period is utilized that reflects a period of significant financial stress appropriate to the Company’s Covered Positions. The period selected by the Company includes the significant market volatility of the last four months of 2008.
The average, high, low and
period-end
one-day
Stressed VaR amounts for the Company’s Covered Positions were as follows:
 
                 
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in Millions)
  2020      2019  
Average
  $ 6      $ 6  
High
    7        8  
Low
    4        4  
Period-end
    7        7  
 
 
Valuations of positions in client derivatives and foreign currency activities are based on discounted cash flow or other valuation techniques using market-based
 
     
22
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 

assumptions. These valuations are compared to third party quotes or other market prices to determine if there are significant variances. Significant variances are approved by senior management in the Company’s corporate functions. Valuation of positions in the corporate bond trading, loan trading and municipal securities businesses are based on trader marks. These trader marks are evaluated against third party prices, with significant variances approved by senior management in the Company’s corporate functions.
The Company also measures the market risk of its hedging activities related to residential MLHFS and MSRs using the Historical Simulation method. The VaRs are measured at the ninety-ninth percentile and employ factors pertinent to the market risks inherent in the valuation of the assets and hedges. A
one-year
look-back period is used to obtain past market data for the models.
The average, high and low VaR amounts for the residential MLHFS and related hedges and the MSRs and related hedges were as follows:
 
                 
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in Millions)
  2020      2019  
Residential Mortgage Loans Held For Sale and Related Hedges
    
Average
  $ 5      $ 1  
High
    12        2  
Low
    2         
Mortgage Servicing Rights and Related Hedges
    
Average
  $ 13      $ 4  
High
    34        5  
Low
    6        4  
 
 
Liquidity Risk Management
 The Company’s liquidity risk management process is designed to identify, measure, and manage the Company’s funding and liquidity risk to meet its daily funding needs and to address expected and unexpected changes in its funding requirements. The Company engages in various activities to manage its liquidity risk. These activities include diversifying its funding sources, stress testing, and holding readily-marketable assets which can be used as a source of liquidity if needed. In addition, the Company’s profitable operations, sound credit quality and strong capital position have enabled it to develop a large and reliable base of core deposit funding within its market areas and in domestic and global capital markets. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company effectively managed its liquidity position while funding significant loan growth late in the period.
The Company’s Board of Directors approves the Company’s liquidity policy. The Risk Management Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors oversees the Company’s liquidity risk management process and approves a contingency funding plan. The ALCO reviews the Company’s liquidity policy and limits, and regularly assesses the Company’s ability to meet funding requirements arising from adverse company-specific or market events.
The Company regularly projects its funding needs under various stress scenarios and maintains a contingency funding plan consistent with the Company’s access to diversified sources of contingent funding. The Company maintains a substantial level of total available liquidity in the form of
on-balance
sheet and
off-balance
sheet funding sources. These liquidity sources include cash at the Federal Reserve Bank and certain European central banks, unencumbered liquid assets, and capacity to borrow from the FHLB and at Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window. At March 31, 2020, the fair value of unencumbered investment securities totaled $113.0 billion, compared with $114.2 billion at December 31, 2019. Refer to Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and “Balance Sheet Analysis” for further information on investment securities maturities and trends. Asset liquidity is further enhanced by the Company’s practice of pledging loans to access secured borrowing facilities through the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank. At March 31, 2020, the Company could have borrowed an additional $86.6 billion from the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank based on collateral available for additional borrowings.
The Company’s diversified deposit base provides a sizeable source of relatively stable and
low-cost
funding, while reducing the Company’s reliance on the wholesale markets. Total deposits were $394.9 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $361.9 billion at December 31, 2019. Refer to “Balance Sheet Analysis” for further information on the Company’s deposits.
Additional funding is provided by long-term debt and short-term borrowings. Long-term debt was $52.3 billion at March 31, 2020, and is an important funding source because of its multi-year borrowing structure. Short-term borrowings were $26.3 billion at March 31, 2020, and supplement the Company’s other funding sources. Refer to “Balance Sheet Analysis” for further information on the Company’s long-term debt and short-term borrowings.
In addition to assessing liquidity risk on a consolidated basis, the Company monitors the parent company’s liquidity. The Company establishes limits for the minimal number of months into the future where the parent company can meet existing and forecasted obligations with cash and securities held that can be readily monetized. The Company measures and manages this limit in both normal and adverse conditions. The Company maintains sufficient funding to meet expected capital and debt service obligations for 24 months without the support of dividends from subsidiaries and
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
23
 
 

assuming access to the wholesale markets is maintained. The Company maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its capital and debt service obligations for 12 months under adverse conditions without the support of dividends from subsidiaries or access to the wholesale markets. The parent company is currently well in excess of required liquidity minimums.
At March 31, 2020, parent company long-term debt outstanding was $19.3 billion, compared with $18.6 billion at December 31, 2019. As of March 31, 2020, there was no parent company debt scheduled to mature in the remainder of 2020.
The Company is subject to a regulatory Liquidity Coverage Ratio (“LCR”) requirement which requires banks to maintain an adequate level of unencumbered high quality liquid assets to meet estimated liquidity needs over a
30-day
stressed period. At March 31, 2020, the Company was compliant with this requirement.
Refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Liquidity Risk Management” in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, for further discussion on liquidity risk management.
European Exposures
The Company provides merchant processing and corporate trust services in Europe either directly or through banking affiliations in Europe. Revenue generated from sources in Europe represented approximately 2 percent of the Company’s total net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Operating cash for these businesses is deposited on a short-term basis typically with certain European central banks. For deposits placed at other European banks, exposure is mitigated by the Company placing deposits at multiple banks and managing the amounts on deposit at any bank based on institution-specific deposit limits. At March 31, 2020, the Company had an aggregate amount on deposit with European banks of approximately $8.5 billion, predominately with the Central Bank of Ireland and Bank of England.
In addition, the Company provides financing to domestic multinational corporations that generate revenue from customers in European countries, transacts with various European banks as counterparties to certain derivative-related activities, and through a subsidiary, manages money market funds that hold certain investments in European sovereign debt. Any further deterioration in economic conditions in Europe, including the potential negative impact of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union (“Brexit”), is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company related to these activities. The Company is focused on providing continuity of services, with minimal disruption resulting from Brexit, to customers with activities in European countries. The Company has made certain structural changes to its legal entities and operations in the United Kingdom and European Union, where needed, and migrated certain business activities to the appropriate jurisdictions to continue to provide such services and generate revenue.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
 Off-balance
sheet arrangements include any contractual arrangements to which an unconsolidated entity is a party, under which the Company has an obligation to provide credit or liquidity enhancements or market risk support. In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into an array of commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and various forms of guarantees that may be considered
off-balance
sheet arrangements. Refer to Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on these arrangements. The Company does not utilize private label asset securitizations as a source of funding.
Off-balance
sheet arrangements also include any obligation related to a variable interest held in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, credit enhancement or market risk support. Refer to Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information related to the Company’s interests in variable interest entities.
Capital Management
 The Company is committed to managing capital to maintain strong protection for depositors and creditors and for maximum shareholder benefit. The Company also manages its capital to exceed regulatory capital requirements for banking organizations. The regulatory capital requirements effective for the Company follow Basel III, with the Company being subject to calculating its capital adequacy as a percentage of risk-weighted assets under the standardized approach. During the first quarter of 2020, the Company elected to adopt an interim final rule issued in March 2020 by its regulators which permits banking organizations who adopt accounting guidance related to the impairment of financial instruments based on the current expected credit losses methodology during 2020, the option to defer the impact of the effect of that guidance at adoption plus 25 percent of its quarterly credit reserve
increases over the next two years on its regulatory capital requirements, followed by a three-year transition period to phase in the cumulative deferred impact. Table 10 provides a summary of statutory regulatory capital ratios in effect for the Company at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. All regulatory ratios exceeded regulatory “well-capitalized” requirements.
 
     
24
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 

     
 
Table 10
     Regulatory Capital Ratios
 
 
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)   March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
Basel III standardized approach:
   
Common equity tier 1 capital
  $ 36,224     $ 35,713  
Tier 1 capital
    42,651       41,721  
Total risk-based capital
    51,277       49,744  
Risk-weighted assets
    404,627       391,269  
Common equity tier 1 capital as a percent of risk-weighted assets
    9.0     9.1
Tier 1 capital as a percent of risk-weighted assets
    10.5       10.7  
Total risk-based capital as a percent of risk-weighted assets
    12.7       12.7  
Tier 1 capital as a percent of adjusted quarterly average assets (leverage ratio)
    8.8       8.8  
Tier 1 capital as a percent of total
on-
and
off-balance
sheet leverage exposure (total leverage exposure ratio)
    7.1       7.0  
 
 
 
The Company believes certain other capital ratios are useful in evaluating its capital adequacy. At March 31, 2020, the Company’s tangible common equity, as a percent of tangible assets and as a percent of risk-weighted assets determined in accordance with transitional regulatory capital requirements related to the current expected credit losses methodology under the standardized approach, was 6.7 percent and 8.9 percent, respectively. This compares to the Company’s tangible common equity, as a percent of tangible assets and as a percent of risk-weighted assets under the standardized approach, of 7.5 percent and 9.3 percent, respectively, at December 31, 2019. In addition, the Company’s common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, reflecting the full implementation of the current expected credit losses methodology was 8.6 percent at March 31, 2020. Refer to
“Non-GAAP
Financial Measures” beginning on page 29 for further information on these other capital ratios.
Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders’ equity was $51.5 billion at March 31, 2020, compared with $51.9 billion at December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily the result of a reduction to retained earnings resulting from the January 1, 2020 adoption of accounting guidance related to the impairment of financial instruments, common share repurchases and dividends, partially offset by changes in unrealized gains and losses on
available-for-sale
investment securities included in other comprehensive income (loss) and corporate earnings.
During 2019, the Company announced its Board of Directors had approved authorizations to repurchase up to $5.5 billion of its common stock, from July 1, 2019 through June 30, 2020. The Company announced on March 15, 2020, that it will temporarily suspend its common stock repurchase program through the end of the second quarter of 2020, as it supports the efforts the federal government and its agencies are taking to moderate the impact of
COVID-19
on the economy and global markets by maintaining strong capital levels and liquidity to support customers, employees and shareholders. The Company continues to evaluate potential economic scenarios and believes that even if an economic downturn persisted through most of 2020, it would be able to maintain its common stock dividend at its current level.
The following table provides a detailed analysis of all shares purchased by the Company or any affiliated purchaser during the first quarter of 2020:
 
                                 
Period   Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
    Average
Price
Paid Per
Share
    Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced
Program (a)
    Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Program
(In Millions)
 
January
    12,018,538 (b)    $ 54.30       11,838,538     $ 1,762  
February
    18,410,873 (c)      53.12       18,260,873       792  
March
    1,249,363 (d)      42.04       774,363       756  
Total
    31,678,774 (e)    $ 53.13       30,873,774     $ 756  
 
 
 
(a)
All shares were purchased under the common stock repurchase authorization programs announced in 2019.
 
 
(b)
Includes 180,000 shares of common stock purchased, at an average price per share of $55.00, in open-market transactions by U.S. Bank National Association, the Company’s banking subsidiary, in its capacity as trustee of the U.S. Bank 401(k) Savings Plan, which is the Company’s employee retirement savings plan.
 
 
(c)
Includes 150,000 shares of common stock purchased, at an average price per share of $53.59, in open-market transactions by U.S. Bank National Association in its capacity as trustee of the U.S. Bank 401(k) Savings Plan.
 
 
(d)
Includes 475,000 shares of common stock purchased, at an average price per share of $34.46, in open-market transactions by U.S. Bank National Association in its capacity as trustee of the U.S. Bank 401(k) Savings Plan.
 
 
(e)
Includes 805,000 shares of common stock purchased, at an average price per share of $42.62, in open-market transactions by U.S. Bank National Association in its capacity as trustee of the U.S. Bank 401(k) Savings Plan.
 
 
Refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Capital Management” in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, for further discussion on capital management.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
25
 
 

     
 Table 11
     Line of Business Financial Performance
 
 
 
 
                                                                 
   
Corporate and
Commercial Banking
           
Consumer and
Business Banking
        
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in Millions)
  2020      2019      Percent
Change
            2020      2019      Percent
Change
        
Condensed Income Statement
                        
Net interest income (taxable-equivalent basis)
  $ 797      $ 778        2.4        $ 1,541      $ 1,581        (2.5 )%     
Noninterest income
    274        208        31.7            757        535        41.5      
Securities gains (losses), net
                                                
Total net revenue
    1,071        986        8.6            2,298        2,116        8.6      
Noninterest expense
    429        420        2.1            1,344        1,266        6.2      
Other intangibles
           1        *            4        5        (20.0    
Total noninterest expense
    429        421        1.9            1,348        1,271        6.1      
Income before provision and income taxes
    642        565        13.6            950        845        12.4      
Provision for credit losses
    425        23        *            123        70        75.7      
Income before income taxes
    217        542        (60.0          827        775        6.7      
Income taxes and taxable-equivalent adjustment
    54        136        (60.3          207        194        6.7      
Net income
    163        406        (59.9          620        581        6.7      
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
                                                
Net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp
  $ 163      $ 406        (59.9        $ 620      $ 581        6.7      
Average Balance Sheet
                        
Commercial
  $ 82,168      $ 78,118        5.2        $ 8,860      $ 9,452        (6.3 )%     
Commercial real estate
    21,218        20,578        3.1            16,280        16,035        1.5      
Residential mortgages
    3        6        (50.0          66,644        61,906        7.7      
Credit card
                                                
Other retail
    8               *            54,920        54,402        1.0      
Total loans
    103,397        98,702        4.8            146,704        141,795        3.5      
Goodwill
    1,647        1,647                   3,475        3,475             
Other intangible assets
    7        9        (22.2          2,405        2,882        (16.6    
Assets
    115,404        107,338        7.5            161,750        154,720        4.5      
Noninterest-bearing deposits
    29,329        30,211        (2.9          27,986        26,574        5.3      
Interest checking
    14,073        11,751        19.8            53,050        51,121        3.8      
Savings products
    48,204        41,267        16.8            64,272        61,382        4.7      
Time deposits
    18,427        18,205        1.2            16,480        14,800        11.4      
Total deposits
    110,033        101,434        8.5            161,788        153,877        5.1      
Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders’ equity
    15,815        15,346        3.1                14,929        14,998        (.5        
 
 
 
 
*
Not meaningful    
 
 
 
 
LINE OF BUSINESS FINANCIAL REVIEW
The Company’s major lines of business are Corporate and Commercial Banking, Consumer and Business Banking, Wealth Management and Investment Services, Payment Services, and Treasury and Corporate Support. These operating segments are components of the Company about which financial information is prepared and is evaluated regularly by management in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance.
Basis for Financial Presentation
 Business line results are derived from the Company’s business unit profitability reporting systems by specifically attributing managed balance sheet assets, deposits and other liabilities and their related income or expense. Refer to Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the business lines’ basis for financial presentation.
Designations, assignments and allocations change from time to time as management systems are enhanced, methods of evaluating performance or product lines change or business segments are realigned to better respond to the Company’s diverse customer base. During 2020, certain organization and methodology changes were made and, accordingly, 2019 results were restated and presented on a comparable basis.
Corporate and Commercial Banking
Corporate and Commercial Banking offers lending, equipment finance and small-ticket leasing, depository services, treasury management, capital markets services, international trade services and other financial services to middle market, large corporate, commercial real estate, financial institution,
non-profit
and public sector clients. Corporate and Commercial Banking contributed $163 million of the Company’s net income in the first quarter of 2020, or a decrease of $243 million (59.9 percent) compared with the first quarter of 2019.
 
     
26
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 

 
                                                                                                                             
      
Wealth Management and
Investment Services
    
Payment
Services
           
Treasury and
Corporate Support
           
Consolidated
Company
 
       2020     2019     Percent
Change
            2020      2019      Percent
Change
            2020     2019     Percent
Change
            2020     2019     Percent
Change
 
                                        
  $ 283     $ 293       (3.4 )%         $ 652      $ 617        5.7        $ (26   $ 17       *        $ 3,247     $ 3,286       (1.2 )% 
    464       430       7.9            794        851        (6.7          186       262       (29.0          2,475       2,286       8.3  
                                                          50       5       *            50       5       *  
    747       723       3.3            1,446        1,468        (1.5          210       284       (26.1          5,772       5,577       3.5  
    444       432       2.8            731        722        1.2            326       207       57.5            3,274       3,047       7.4  
          3       3                  35        31        12.9                                   42       40       5.0  
          447       435       2.8            766        753        1.7            326       207       57.5            3,316       3,087       7.4  
    300       288       4.2            680        715        (4.9          (116     77       *            2,456       2,490       (1.4
          23       (3     *            262        286        (8.4          160       1       *            993       377       *  
    277       291       (4.8          418        429        (2.6          (276     76       *            1,463       2,113       (30.8
          69       73       (5.5          105        107        (1.9          (151     (105     (43.8          284       405       (29.9
    208       218       (4.6          313        322        (2.8          (125     181       *            1,179       1,708       (31.0
                                                          (8     (9     11.1            (8     (9     11.1  
        $ 208     $ 218       (4.6        $ 313      $ 322        (2.8        $ (133   $ 172       *          $ 1,171     $ 1,699       (31.1
                                        
  $ 4,189     $ 3,921       6.8        $ 9,543      $ 9,441        1.1        $ 1,227     $ 1,028       19.4        $ 105,987     $ 101,960       3.9
    533       504       5.8                                     2,047       2,353       (13.0          40,078       39,470       1.5  
    4,245       3,670       15.7                                                            70,892       65,582       8.1  
                           23,836        22,597        5.5                                   23,836       22,597       5.5  
          1,627       1,723       (5.6          309        376        (17.8                                 56,864       56,501       .6  
    10,594       9,818       7.9            33,688        32,414        3.9            3,274       3,381       (3.2          297,657       286,110       4.0  
    1,617       1,617                  2,811        2,814        (.1          144             *            9,694       9,553       1.5  
    44       54       (18.5          535        513        4.3            28             *            3,019       3,458       (12.7
    13,936       13,183       5.7            38,562        38,615        (.1          165,155       149,543       10.4            494,807       463,399       6.8  
    13,184       13,275       (.7          1,402        1,157        21.2            2,241       2,216       1.1            74,142       73,433       1.0  
    9,986       9,204       8.5                                     250       101       *            77,359       72,177       7.2  
    56,556       41,127       37.5            112        109        2.8            850       763       11.4            169,994       144,648       17.5  
          2,160       3,804       (43.2          2        2                   4,240       8,297       (48.9          41,309       45,108       (8.4
    81,886       67,410       21.5            1,516        1,268        19.6            7,581       11,377       (33.4          362,804       335,366       8.2  
          2,465       2,442       .9                6,081        5,974        1.8                11,856       12,829       (7.6              51,146       51,589       (.9
 
 
 
 
Net revenue increased $85 million (8.6 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019. Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis, increased $19 million (2.4 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019. The increase was primarily due to loan and interest-bearing deposit growth, partially offset by lower noninterest-bearing deposit balances compared with the prior year, changes in loan mix, and lower spreads on loans, reflecting changing interest rates and a competitive marketplace. Noninterest income increased $66 million (31.7 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to higher capital markets and trading revenue as companies
accessed the fixed income capital markets for bond issuances.
Noninterest expense increased $8 million (1.9 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily driven by higher variable compensation related to fixed income capital markets business production and higher salary expense due to merit increases and one additional day in the quarter, partially offset by lower loan costs. The provision for credit losses increased $402 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to an unfavorable change in the reserve allocation based on economic risks related to
COVID-19
in the portfolio, partially offset by lower net charge-offs.
Consumer and Business Banking
 Consumer and Business Banking delivers products and services through banking offices, telephone servicing and sales,
on-line
services, direct mail, ATM processing and mobile devices. It encompasses community banking, metropolitan banking and indirect lending, as well as mortgage banking. Consumer and Business Banking contributed $620 million of the Company’s net income in the first quarter of 2020, or an increase of $39 million (6.7 percent) compared with the first quarter of 2019.
Net revenue increased $182 million (8.6 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019. Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis, decreased $40 million (2.5 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019. The decrease was primarily due to the impact of declining interest rates on the margin benefit from deposits, partially offset by growth in
non-interest
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
27
 
 
 

bearing and interest-bearing deposit balances as well as one additional day in the first quarter of 2020. Noninterest income increased $222 million (41.5 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to higher mortgage banking revenue driven by mortgage production and stronger gain on sale margins, partially offset by changes in the valuation of
MSRs, net of hedging activities.
Noninterest expense increased $77 million (6.1 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to higher net shared services expense, reflecting the impact of investment in infrastructure supporting business growth and costs to manage the business, higher variable compensation related to mortgage banking business production, and higher loan costs. The provision for credit losses increased $53 million (75.7 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, due to an unfavorable change in the reserve allocation and higher net charge-offs in line with portfolio growth.
 
Wealth Management and Investment Services
 Wealth Management and Investment Services provides private banking, financial advisory services, investment management, retail brokerage services, insurance, trust, custody and fund servicing through four businesses: Wealth Management, Global Corporate Trust & Custody, U.S. Bancorp Asset Management and Fund Services. Wealth Management and Investment Services contributed $208 million of the Company’s net income in the first quarter of 2020, or a decrease of $10 million (4.6 percent) compared with the first quarter of 2019.
Net revenue increased $24 million (3.3 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019. Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis, decreased $10 million (3.4 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to changes in funding mix, partially offset by the impact of higher interest-bearing deposit balances. Noninterest income increased $34 million (7.9 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to the impact of favorable market conditions over the past year and business growth on trust and investment management fees and investment product fees.
Noninterest expense increased $12 million (2.8 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, reflecting increased net shared services expense due to technology development and higher compensation expense due to the impact of merit increases, increased staffing, and one additional work day in the first quarter of 2020, partially offset by lower corporate plan incentives and a favorable litigation settlement in the first quarter of 2020. The provision for credit losses increased $26 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, reflecting an unfavorable change in the reserve allocation.
Payment Services
 Payment Services includes consumer and business credit cards, stored-value cards, debit cards, corporate, government and purchasing card services, consumer lines of credit and merchant processing. Payment Services contributed $313 million of the Company’s net income in the first quarter of 2020, or a decrease of $9 million (2.8 percent) compared with the first quarter of 2019.
Net revenue decreased $22 million (1.5 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019. Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis, increased $35 million (5.7 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to loan growth and higher loan fees as well as one additional day in the first quarter of 2020, partially offset by compression on loan rates. Noninterest income decreased $57 million (6.7 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, mainly due to the impacts of
COVID-19
on consumer and business spending volume in all payments businesses including merchant processing services and corporate payment products.
Noninterest expense increased $13 million (1.7 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, reflecting an increase in charge-back liabilities for undelivered products and services, including prepaid airline tickets, due to COVID-19 and higher software expense due to capital expenditures and acquisitions. These increases were partially offset by lower compensation expense, reflecting lower variable compensation, partially offset by merit increases, increased staffing, and one additional work day in the first quarter of 2020. The provision for credit losses decreased $24 million (8.4 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, reflecting a favorable change in the reserve allocation, partially offset by higher net charge-offs in line with loan growth.
 
     
28
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 

Treasury and Corporate Support
 Treasury and Corporate Support includes the Company’s investment portfolios, funding, capital management, interest rate risk management, income taxes not allocated to the business lines, including most investments in
tax-advantaged
projects, and the residual aggregate of those expenses associated with corporate activities that are managed on a consolidated basis. Treasury and Corporate Support recorded a net loss of $133 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared with net income of $172 million in the first quarter of 2019.
Net revenue decreased $74 million (26.1 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019. Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis, decreased $43 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to changes in funding mix. Noninterest income decreased $31 million (11.6 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to lower equity investment income and higher credit valuation losses, partially offset by gains on the sale of certain businesses in the first quarter of 2020 and higher securities gains.
Noninterest expense increased $119 million (57.5 percent) in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to COVID-related expenses, higher compensation expense, reflecting the impact of increased staffing, merit increases, and stock-based compensation, and higher implementation costs of capital investments to support business growth. These increases were partially offset by lower net shared services expense and lower costs related to
tax-advantaged
projects. The provision for credit losses was $159 million higher in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the first quarter of 2019, reflecting an unfavorable change in the reserve allocation due to credit risk in the current environment.
Income taxes are assessed to each line of business at a managerial tax rate of 25.0 percent with the residual tax expense or benefit to arrive at the consolidated effective tax rate included in Treasury and Corporate Support.
NON-GAAP
FINANCIAL MEASURES
In addition to capital ratios defined by banking regulators, the Company considers various other measures when evaluating capital utilization and adequacy, including:
 
Tangible common equity to tangible assets,
 
 
 
 
Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets, and
 
 
 
 
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, reflecting the full implementation of the current expected credit losses methodology.
 
 
 
These capital measures are viewed by management as useful additional methods of evaluating the Company’s utilization of its capital held and the level of capital available to withstand unexpected negative market or economic conditions. Additionally, presentation of these measures allows investors, analysts and banking regulators to assess the Company’s capital position relative to other financial services companies. These capital measures are not defined in generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), or are not currently effective or defined in banking regulations. In addition, certain of these measures differ from currently effective capital ratios defined by banking regulations principally in that the currently effective ratios, which are subject to certain transitional provisions, temporarily exclude the impact of the first quarter of 2020 adoption of accounting guidance related to impairment of financial instruments based on the current expected credit losses methodology. As a result, these capital measures disclosed by the Company may be considered
non-GAAP
financial measures. Management believes this information helps investors assess trends in the Company’s capital adequacy.
The Company also discloses net interest income and related ratios and analysis on a taxable-equivalent basis, which may also be considered
non-GAAP
financial measures. The Company believes this presentation to be the preferred industry measurement of net interest income as it provides a relevant comparison of net interest income arising from taxable and
tax-exempt
sources. In addition, certain performance measures, including the efficiency ratio and net interest margin utilize net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis.
There may be limits in the usefulness of these measures to investors. As a result, the Company encourages readers to consider the consolidated financial statements and other financial information contained in this report in their entirety, and not to rely on any single financial measure.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
29
 
 
 

The following table shows the Company’s calculation of these
non-GAAP
financial measures:
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)   March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
Total equity
  $ 52,162     $ 52,483  
Preferred stock
    (5,984     (5,984
Noncontrolling interests
    (630     (630
Goodwill (net of deferred tax liability) (1)
    (8,958     (8,788
Intangible assets, other than mortgage servicing rights
    (742     (677
Tangible common equity (a)
    35,848       36,404  
Common equity tier 1 capital, determined in accordance with transitional regulatory capital requirements related to the current expected credit losses methodology implementation
    36,224    
Adjustments (2)
    (1,377  
Common equity tier 1 capital, reflecting the full implementation of the current expected credit losses methodology (b)
    34,847    
Total assets
    542,909       495,426  
Goodwill (net of deferred tax liability) (1)
    (8,958     (8,788
Intangible assets, other than mortgage servicing rights
    (742     (677
Tangible assets (c)
    533,209       485,961  
Risk-weighted assets, determined in accordance with prescribed regulatory capital requirements effective for the Company (d)
    404,627       391,269  
Adjustments (3)
    (958  
Risk-weighted assets, reflecting the full implementation of the current expected credit losses methodology (e)
    403,669    
Ratios
   
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (a)/(c)
    6.7     7.5
Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets (a)/(d)
    8.9       9.3  
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, reflecting the full implementation of the current expected credit losses methodology (b)/(e)
    8.6    
    Three Months Ended
March 31
 
    2020     2019  
Net interest income
  $ 3,223     $ 3,259  
Taxable-equivalent adjustment (4)
    24       27  
Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis
    3,247       3,286  
Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis (as calculated above)
    3,247       3,286  
Noninterest income
    2,525       2,291  
Less: Securities gains (losses), net
    50       5  
Total net revenue, excluding net securities gains (losses) (f)
    5,722       5,572  
Noninterest expense (g)
    3,316       3,087  
Efficiency ratio (g)/(f)
    58.0     55.4
 
 
(1)
Includes goodwill related to certain investments in unconsolidated financial institutions per prescribed regulatory requirements.
(2)
Includes the estimated increase in the allowance for credit losses related to the adoption of the current expected credit losses methodology net of deferred taxes.
(3)
Includes the impact of the estimated increase in the allowance for credit losses related to the adoption of the current expected credit losses methodology.
(4)
Based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent for those assets and liabilities whose income or expense is not included for federal income tax purposes.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company comply with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and conform to general practices within the banking industry. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. The Company’s financial position and results of operations can be affected by these estimates and assumptions, which are integral to understanding the Company’s financial statements. Critical accounting policies are those policies management believes are the most important to the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition and results, and require management to make estimates that are difficult, subjective or complex. Most accounting policies are not considered by management to be critical accounting policies. Management has discussed the development and the selection of critical accounting policies with the Company’s Audit Committee. Those policies considered to be critical accounting policies relate to the allowance for credit losses, fair value estimates, MSRs, and income taxes.
Allowance for Credit Losses
Management’s evaluation of the appropriate allowance for credit losses is often the most critical of all the accounting estimates for a banking institution. It is an inherently subjective process impacted by many factors as discussed throughout the Management’s Discussion and Analysis section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Prior to January 1, 2020, the allowance for credit losses was established to provide for probable and estimable losses incurred in the Company’s credit portfolio. Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted new accounting guidance which changed previous impairment recognition to a model that is based
 
     
30
   U.S. Bancorp
 

on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Refer to Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for discussion on the effect of the adoption of this guidance on the Company’s financial statements.
The methods utilized to estimate the allowance for credit losses, key assumptions and quantitative and qualitative information considered by management in determining the appropriate allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2020 are discussed in the “Credit Risk Management” section. Although methodologies utilized to determine each element of the allowance reflect management’s assessment of credit risk as identified through assessments completed of individual credits and of homogenous pools affected by material credit events, degrees of imprecision exist in these measurement tools due in part to subjective judgments involved and an inherent lag in the data available to quantify current conditions and events that affect credit loss reserve estimates. As discussed in the “Analysis and Determination of Allowance for Credit Losses” section, management considered the effect of changes in economic conditions, risk management practices, and other factors that contributed to imprecision of loss estimates in determining the allowance for credit losses. If not considered, expected losses in the credit portfolio related to imprecision and other subjective factors could have a dramatic adverse impact on the liquidity and financial viability of a banking institution.
Given the many quantitative variables and subjective factors affecting the credit portfolio, changes in the allowance for credit losses may not directly coincide with changes in the risk ratings of the credit portfolio reflected in the risk rating process. This is in part due to the timing of the risk rating process in relation to changes in the business cycle, the exposure and mix of loans within risk rating categories, levels of nonperforming loans and the timing of charge-offs and expected recoveries. The allowance for credit losses on commercial lending segment loans measures the expected loss content on the remaining portfolio exposure, while nonperforming loans and net charge-offs are measures of specific impairment events that have already been confirmed. Therefore, the degree of change in the forward-looking expected loss in the commercial lending allowance may differ from the level of changes in nonperforming loans and net charge-offs. Management maintains an appropriate allowance for credit losses by updating allowance rates to reflect changes in expected losses, including expected changes in economic or business cycle conditions.
Some factors considered in determining the appropriate allowance for credit losses are more readily quantifiable while other factors require extensive qualitative judgment. Management conducts an analysis with respect to the accuracy of risk ratings and the volatility of expected losses, and utilizes this analysis along with qualitative factors that can affect the precision of credit loss estimates, including economic conditions, such as changes in
Gross Domestic Product, unemployment or bankruptcy rates, and concentration risks, such as risks associated with specific industries, collateral valuations, and loans to highly leveraged enterprises, in determining the overall level of the allowance for credit losses.
The Company considers a range of economic scenarios in its determination of the allowance for credit losses. These scenarios are constructed with interrelated projections of multiple economic variables, and loss estimates are produced that consider the historical correlation of those economic variables with credit losses, and also the expectation that conditions will eventually normalize over the longer run. Scenarios worse than the Company’s expected outcome at March 31, 2020 include risks that government stimulus in response to the
COVID-19
pandemic is less broad or less effective than expected, or that a longer or more severe health crisis prolongs the downturn in economic activity, reducing the number of businesses that are ultimately able to resume operations after the crisis has passed.
The Company’s determination of the allowance for commercial lending segment loans is sensitive to the assigned credit risk ratings and expected loss rates at March 31, 2020. If 20 percent of period ending loan balances (including unfunded commitments) within each risk category of risk rated commercial lending loans experienced a downgrade to the next worse risk category, the allowance for credit losses would have increased by approximately $206 million at March 31, 2020. If quantitative loss estimates for commercial lending segment loans increased by 10 percent, the allowance for credit losses would have increased by approximately $289 million at March 31, 2020. The Company believes the allowance for credit losses appropriately considers the imprecision in estimating credit losses based on credit risk ratings and credit loss model estimates, but actual losses may differ from those estimates.
The Company’s determination of the allowance for consumer lending segment loans is sensitive to changes in estimated loss rates and estimated impairments on restructured loans. In the event that estimated losses for this segment of the loan portfolio increased by 10 percent, the allowance for credit losses would have increased by approximately $266 million at March 31, 2020. Because several quantitative and qualitative factors are considered in determining the allowance for credit losses, these sensitivity analyses do not necessarily reflect the nature and extent of future changes in the allowance for credit
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
31
 

losses. They are intended to provide insights into the impact of adverse changes in risk rating and loss model estimates and do not imply any expectation of future deterioration in the risk rating or loss rates. Given current processes employed by the Company, management believes the risk ratings and loss model estimates currently assigned are appropriate. It is possible that others, given the same information, may at any point in time reach different reasonable conclusions that could be significant to the Company’s financial statements. Refer to the “Analysis and Determination of the Allowance for Credit Losses” section for further information.
Accounting policies related to fair value estimates, MSRs, and income taxes are discussed in detail in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Critical Accounting Policies” and the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the Company has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Rules 13a-15(e)
and
15d-15(e)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
During the most recently completed fiscal quarter, there was no change made in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules
13a-15(f)
and
15d-15(f)
under the Exchange Act) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
     
32
   U.S. Bancorp
 

U.S. Bancorp
Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)           March 31,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
    (Unaudited)         
Assets
    
Cash and due from banks
  $ 46,805      $ 22,405  
Available-for-sale
investment securities ($623 and $269 pledged as collateral, respectively) (a)
    123,681        122,613  
Loans held for sale (including $4,580 and $5,533 of mortgage loans carried at fair value, respectively)
    4,623        5,578  
Loans
    
Commercial
    126,317        103,863  
Commercial real estate
    40,980        39,746  
Residential mortgages
    71,175        70,586  
Credit card
    22,781        24,789  
Other retail
    57,052        57,118  
Total loans
    318,305        296,102  
Less allowance for loan losses
    (6,216      (4,020
Net loans
    312,089        292,082  
Premises and equipment
    3,660        3,702  
Goodwill
    9,836        9,655  
Other intangible assets
    2,629        3,223  
Other assets (including $1,237 and $951 of trading securities at fair value pledged as collateral, respectively) (a)
    39,586        36,168  
Total assets
  $ 542,909      $ 495,426  
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
    
Deposits
    
Noninterest-bearing
  $ 91,432      $ 75,590  
Interest-bearing (b)
    303,422        286,326  
Total deposits
    394,854        361,916  
Short-term borrowings
    26,344        23,723  
Long-term debt
    52,298        40,167  
Other liabilities
    17,251        17,137  
Total liabilities
    490,747        442,943  
Shareholders' equity
    
Preferred stock
    5,984        5,984  
Common stock, par value $0.01 a share—authorized: 4,000,000,000 shares; issued: 3/31/20 and 12/31/19—2,125,725,742 shares
    21        21  
Capital surplus
    8,452        8,475  
Retained earnings
    62,544        63,186  
Less cost of common stock in treasury: 3/31/20—619,641,645 shares; 12/31/19—591,570,506 shares
    (25,972      (24,440
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
    503        (1,373
Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders' equity
    51,532        51,853  
Noncontrolling interests
    630        630  
Total equity
    52,162        52,483  
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 542,909      $ 495,426  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Includes only collateral pledged by the Company where counterparties have the right to sell or pledge the collateral.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
lncludes time deposits greater than $
250,000
balances of $8.1
 
billion and $7.8 billion at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
33
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

U.S. Bancorp
Consolidated Statement of Income
 
(Dollars and Shares in Millions, Except Per Share Data)
(Unaudited)
   Three Months
Ended March 31
 
   2020     2019  
Interest Income
    
Loans
  $ 3,311      $ 3,540  
Loans held for sale
    44        25  
Investment securities
    692        705  
Other interest income
    69        81  
Total interest income
    4,116        4,351  
Interest Expense
    
Deposits
    525        695  
Short-term borrowings
    71        93  
Long-term debt
    297        304  
Total interest expense
    893        1,092  
Net interest income
    3,223        3,259  
Provision for credit losses
    993        377  
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    2,230        2,882  
Noninterest Income
    
Credit and debit card revenue
    304        304  
Corporate payment products revenue
    145        162  
Merchant processing services
    337        378  
Trust and investment management fees
    427        399  
Deposit service charges
    209        217  
Treasury management fees
    143        146  
Commercial products revenue
    246        219  
Mortgage banking revenue
    395        169  
Investment products fees
    49        45  
Securities gains (losses), net
    50        5  
Other
    220        247  
Total noninterest income
    2,525        2,291  
Noninterest Expense
    
Compensation
    1,620        1,559  
Employee benefits
    352        333  
Net occupancy and equipment
    276        277  
Professional services
    99        95  
Marketing and business development
    74        89  
Technology and communications
    289        257  
Postage, printing and supplies
    72        72  
Other intangibles
    42        40  
Other
    492        365  
Total noninterest expense
    3,316        3,087  
Income before income taxes
    1,439        2,086  
Applicable income taxes
    260        378  
Net income
    1,179        1,708  
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (8      (9
Net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp
  $ 1,171      $ 1,699  
Net income applicable to U.S. Bancorp common shareholders
  $ 1,088      $ 1,613  
Earnings per common share
  $ .72      $ 1.01  
Diluted earnings per common share
  $ .72      $ 1.00  
Average common shares outstanding
    1,518        1,602  
Average diluted common shares outstanding
    1,519        1,605  
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
34
   U.S. Bancorp

U.S. Bancorp
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)
(Unaudited)
   Three Months
Ended March 31
 
   2020     2019  
Net income
  $ 1,179      $ 1,708  
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
    
Changes in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities
available-for-sale
    2,787        785  
Changes in unrealized gains and losses on derivative hedges
    (257      (74
Foreign currency translation
    (13      16  
Reclassification to earnings of realized gains and losses
    (6      8  
Income taxes related to other comprehensive income (loss)
    (635      (186
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
    1,876        549  
Comprehensive income
    3,055        2,257  
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (8      (9
Comprehensive income attributable to U.S. Bancorp
  $ 3,047      $ 2,248  
 
 
 
 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
35
 
 
 
 
 

U.S. Bancorp
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity
 
                                                                                 
    U.S. Bancorp Shareholders              
(Dollars and Shares in Millions, Except Per
Share Data) (Unaudited)
  Common Shares
Outstanding
    Preferred
Stock
    Common
Stock
    Capital
Surplus
    Retained
Earnings
    Treasury
Stock
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Total
U.S. Bancorp
Shareholders'
Equity
    Noncontrolling
Interests
    Total
Equity
 
Balance December 31, 2018
    1,608     $ 5,984     $ 21     $ 8,469     $ 59,065     $ (20,188   $ (2,322   $ 51,029     $ 628     $ 51,657  
Change in accounting principle
            2             2         2  
Net income (loss)
            1,699           1,699       9       1,708  
Other comprehensive income (loss)
                549       549         549  
Preferred stock dividends (a)
            (79         (79       (79
Common stock dividends ($.37 per share)
            (595         (595       (595
Issuance of common and treasury stock
    3           (114       129         15         15  
Purchase of treasury stock
    (12             (640       (640       (640
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
                        (8     (8
Stock option and restricted stock grants
                            77                               77               77  
Balance March 31, 2019
    1,599     $ 5,984     $ 21     $ 8,432     $ 60,092     $ (20,699   $ (1,773   $ 52,057     $ 629     $ 52,686  
Balance December 31, 2019
    1,534     $ 5,984     $ 21     $ 8,475     $ 63,186     $ (24,440   $ (1,373   $ 51,853     $ 630     $ 52,483  
Change in accounting principle (b)
            (1,099         (1,099       (1,099
Net income (loss)
            1,171           1,171       8       1,179  
Other comprehensive income (loss)
                1,876       1,876         1,876  
Preferred stock dividends (c)
            (78         (78       (78
Common stock dividends ($.42 per share)
            (636         (636       (636
Issuance of common and treasury stock
    3           (108       117         9         9  
Purchase of treasury stock
    (31             (1,649       (1,649       (1,649
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
                        (8     (8
Stock option and restricted stock grants
                            85                               85               85  
Balance March 31, 2020
    1,506     $ 5,984     $ 21     $ 8,452     $ 62,544     $ (25,972   $ 503     $ 51,532     $ 630     $ 52,162  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Reflects dividends declared per share on the
Company's
Series A, Series B, Series F, Series H, Series J and Series K
Non-Cumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock of $951.828, $218.75, $406.25, $321.88, $662.50 and $343.75, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted accounting guidance which changed impairment recognition of financial instruments to a model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Upon adoption, the Company increased its allowance for credit losses and reduced retained earnings net of deferred tax liabilities through a cumulative-effect adjustment.
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
Reflects dividends declared per share on the
Company's
Series A, Series B, Series F, Series H, Series J and Series K
Non-Cumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock of $884.722, $221.18, $406.25, $321.88, $662.50 and $343.75, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
     
36
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 

U.S. Bancorp
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)
(Unaudited)
  Three Months Ended
March 31
 
  2020     2019  
Operating Activities
 
Net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp
  $ 1,171  
 
$ 1,699  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
 
Provision for credit losses
    993  
 
  377  
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment
    87  
 
  80  
Amortization of intangibles
    42  
 
  40  
(Gain) loss on sale of loans held for sale
    (303
 
  (105
(Gain) loss on sale of securities and other assets
    (120
 
  (100
Loans originated for sale in the secondary market, net of repayments
    (10,882
 
  (6,028
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale
    12,032  
 
  5,404  
Other, net
    (666
 
  (71
Net cash provided by operating activities
    2,354  
 
  1,296  
Investing Activities
 
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale investment securities
    9,916  
 
  99  
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity investment securities
     
 
  1,569  
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale investment securities
    5,649  
 
  1,865  
Purchases of held-to-maturity investment securities
     
 
  (1,817
Purchases of available-for-sale investment securities
    (14,937
 
  (3,194
Net increase in loans outstanding
    (22,272
 
  (1,073
Proceeds from sales of loans
    575  
 
  550  
Purchases of loans
    (893
 
  (780
Net decrease (increase) in securities purchased under agreements to resell
    788  
 
  (3,661
Other, net
    (1,085
 
  (102
Net cash used in investing activities
    (22,259
 
  (6,544
Financing Activities
 
Net increase in deposits
    32,938  
 
  2,612  
Net increase in short-term borrowings
    2,621  
 
  1,257  
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
    11,271  
 
  3,000  
Principal payments or redemption of long-term debt
    (156
 
  (3,657
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
    9  
 
  15  
Repurchase of common stock
    (1,660
 
  (648
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock
    (71
 
  (72
Cash dividends paid on common stock
    (647
 
  (597
Net cash provided by financing activities
    44,305  
 
  1,910  
Change in cash and due from banks
    24,400  
 
  (3,338
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period
    22,405  
 
  21,453  
Cash and due from banks at end of period
  $ 46,805  
 
$ 18,115  
 
 
 
 
 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
37
 
 
 
 
 
 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
 
     
 Note 1
 
   Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to
Form 10-Q
and, therefore, do not include all information and notes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flow activity required in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. In the opinion of management of U.S. Bancorp (the “Company”), all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim periods have been made. These financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019. Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
 
     
 Note 2
 
   Accounting Changes
Financial Instruments—Credit Losses
Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted accounting guidance, issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in June 2016, related to the impairment of financial instruments. This guidance changes impairment recognition to a model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses, which is intended to result in more timely recognition of credit losses. This guidance is also intended to reduce the complexity of accounting guidance by decreasing the number of credit impairment models that entities use to account for debt instruments. In addition, the guidance requires additional credit quality disclosures for loans. Upon adoption, the Company increased its allowance for credit losses by
approximately $1.5 billion and reduced retained earnings net of deferred tax
balances
 by approximately $1.1 
billion
 
through a cumulative-effect adjustment.
The Company has elected to defer the impact of the effect of the guidance at adoption plus 25 percent of its quarterly credit
reserve increases over the next two years on its regulatory capital requirements, followed by a transition period to phase in the cumulative deferred impact at 25 percent per year from 2022 to 2025, as provided by rules issued by its regulators.
When determining expected losses, the Company uses multiple economic scenarios and a three-year reasonable and supportable forecast period, which incorporates historical loss experience in years two and three. After the forecast period, the Company fully reverts to long-term historical loss experience, adjusted for prepayments and characteristics of the current loan and lease portfolio, to estimate losses over the remaining lives of the financial instruments.
The increase in the allowance at adoption was primarily related to the commercial, credit card, installment and other retail loan portfolios where the allowance for loan losses had not previously considered the full term of the loans. The Company also recognized an additional $600 million increase in its allowance for credit losses during the first quarter of 2020 utilizing this guidance. This increase reflected deteriorating economic conditions driven by the impact of
COVID-19
on the domestic and global economies. Expected loss estimates considered both the decrease in economic activity, and the mitigating effects of government stimulus and industrywide loan modification efforts designed to limit long term effects of the pandemic event.
The increase in the allowance for credit losses resulted from the estimated impact of deteriorating economic conditions and higher unemployment, partially offset by the benefits of government stimulus programs.
The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s
available-for-sale
securities as most of this portfolio consists of U.S. Treasury and residential agency mortgage-backed securities that inherently have an immaterial risk of loss.
Reference Interest Rate Transition
In March 2020, the FASB issued accounting guidance, providing temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the guidance in United States generally accepted accounting principles on contract modifications and hedge accounting, to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. Under the guidance, a company can elect not to apply certain modification accounting requirements to contracts affected by reference rate transition, if certain criteria are met. A company that makes this election would not have to remeasure the contracts at the modification date or reassess a previous accounting determination. This guidance also permits a company to elect various optional expedients that would allow it to continue applying hedge accounting for hedging relationships affected by reference rate transition, if certain criteria are met. The guidance is effective upon issuance and generally can be applied through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this guidance on its financial statements.
 
     
38
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

     
 Note 3
 
   Investment Securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company’s
available-for-sale
investment securities are carried at fair value with unrealized net gains or losses reported within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. The Company had no outstanding investment securities classified as
held-to-maturity
at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
The amortized cost, gross unrealized holding gains and losses, and fair value of
available-for-sale
investment securities were as follows:
 
                                                                         
    March 31, 2020      December 31, 2019  
(Dollars in Millions)   Amortized
Cost
     Unrealized
Gains
     Unrealized
Losses
     Fair
Value
            Amortized
Cost
     Unrealized
Gains
     Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
 
U.S. Treasury and agencies
  $ 18,518      $ 592      $ (1    $ 19,109          $ 19,845      $ 61      $ (67   $ 19,839  
Mortgage-backed securities
                         
Residential agency
    91,962        2,297        (150      94,109            93,903        557        (349     94,111  
Commercial agency
    2,527        97               2,624            1,482               (29     1,453  
Asset-backed securities
                         
Collateralized debt obligations/Collateralized loan obligations
           2               2                   1              1  
Other
    367        7               374            375        7              382  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    7,064        391        (1      7,454            6,499        318        (3     6,814  
Obligations of foreign governments
    5                      5            9                     9  
Corporate debt securities
    4                      4                4                     4  
Total
available-for-sale
  $ 120,447      $ 3,386      $ (152    $ 123,681              $ 122,117      $ 944      $ (448   $ 122,613  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities with a fair value of $10.6 billion at March 31, 2020, and $8.4 billion at December 31, 2019, were pledged to secure public, private and trust deposits, repurchase agreements and for other purposes required by contractual obligation or law. Included in these amounts were securities where the Company and certain counterparties have agreements granting the counterparties the right to sell or pledge the securities. Investment securities securing these types of arrangements had a fair value of $623 million at March 31, 2020, and $269 million at December 31, 2019.
 
The following table provides information about the amount of interest income from taxable and non-taxable investment securities:
 
                 
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in Millions)
  2020      2019  
Taxable
  $ 640      $ 650  
Non-taxable
    52        55  
Total interest income from investment securities
  $ 692      $ 705  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table provides information about the amount of gross gains and losses realized through the sales of
available-for-sale
investment securities:
 
                 
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in Millions)
   2020     2019  
Realized gains
  $
       
73      $
        
5  
Realized losses
    (23       
Net realized gains (losses)
  $ 50      $ 5  
Income tax (benefit) on net realized gains (losses)
  $ 13      $ 1  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company conducts a regular assessment of its available-for-sale investment securities with unrealized losses to determine whether all or some portion of a security’s unrealized loss is related to credit and an allowance for credit losses is necessary. If the Company intends to sell or it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell an investment security, the amortized cost of the security is written down to fair value. When evaluating credit losses, the Company considers various factors such as the nature of the investment security, the credit ratings or financial condition of the issuer, the extent of the unrealized loss, expected cash flows of underlying collateral, the existence of any government or agency guarantees, and market conditions. The Company measures the allowance for credit losses using market information where available and discounting the cash flows at the original effective rate of the investment security. The allowance for credit losses is adjusted each period through earnings and can be subsequently recovered. The allowance for credit losses on the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities was immaterial at March 31, 2020.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
39
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

At March 31, 2020, certain investment securities had a fair value below amortized cost. 
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual investment securities have been in continuous unrealized loss positions, at March 31, 2020:
 
                                                                 
    Less Than 12 Months     12 Months or Greater             Total  
(Dollars in Millions)   Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Losses
            Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Losses
            Fair Value      Unrealized
Losses
 
U.S. Treasury and agencies
  $ 47      $ (1         $      $           $ 47      $ (1
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities
    4,716        (68           6,150        (82           10,866        (150
Other asset-backed securities
                       2                    2         
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    186        (1                              186        (1
Corporate debt securities
    4                                               4         
Total investment securities
  $ 4,953      $ (70             $ 6,152      $ (82             $ 11,105      $ (152
 
 
These unrealized losses primarily relate to changes in interest rates and market spreads subsequent to purchase. U.S. Treasury and agencies securities and agency mortgage-backed securities are issued, guaranteed, or otherwise supported by the United States government. The
Company's
obligations of state and political subdivisions are generally high grade. Accordingly, the Company does not consider these unrealized losses to be credit-related and an allowance for credit losses is not necessary. In general, the issuers of the investment securities are contractually prohibited from prepayment at less than par, and the Company did not pay significant purchase premiums for these investment securities. At March 31, 2020, the Company had no plans to sell investment securities with unrealized losses, and believes it is more likely than not it would not be required to sell such investment securities before recovery of their amortized cost.
During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company did not purchase any available-for-sale securities that had more-than-insignificant credit deterioration.
 
     
40
  
U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The following table provides information about the amortized cost, fair value and yield by maturity date of the available-for-sale investment securities outstanding at March 31, 2020:
 
 
                                 
(Dollars in Millions)   Amortized
Cost
     Fair Value      Weighted-
Average
Maturity in
Years
     Weighted-
Average
Yield (e)
 
U.S. Treasury and Agencies
       
Maturing in one year or less
  $ 4,745      $ 4,784     .5        1.62
Maturing after one year through five years
    10,977        11,339     2.3        1.65  
Maturing after five years through ten years
    2,796        2,986     7.3        1.94  
Maturing after ten years
                         
Total
  $ 18,518      $ 19,109       2.6        1.69
Mortgage-Backed Securities (a)
       
Maturing in one year or less
  $ 193      $ 193     .6        2.28
Maturing after one year through five years
    88,861        91,022     3.1        2.33  
Maturing after five years through ten years
    5,333        5,417     7.3        1.83  
Maturing after ten years
    102        101       12.1        2.21  
Total
  $ 94,489      $ 96,733       3.4        2.31
Asset-Backed Securities (a)
       
Maturing in one year or less
  $      $           
Maturing after one year through five years
    367        373     3.0        3.05  
Maturing after five years through ten years
           1     6.0        1.52  
Maturing after ten years
           2       13.8        2.41  
Total
  $ 367      $ 376       3.0        3.04
Obligations of State and Political Subdivisions (b) (c)
       
Maturing in one year or less
  $ 32      $ 33     .1        6.01
Maturing after one year through five years
    852        884     2.7        4.39  
Maturing after five years through ten years
    6,004        6,358     7.0        4.21  
Maturing after ten years
    176        179       12.6        4.21  
Total
  $ 7,064      $ 7,454       6.6        4.24
Other
       
Maturing in one year or less
  $ 9      $ 9     .3        2.44
Maturing after one year through five years
                       
Maturing after five years through ten years
                       
Maturing after ten years
                         
Total
  $ 9      $ 9       .3        2.44
Total investment securities (d)
  $ 120,447      $ 123,681       3.4        2.33
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Information related to asset and mortgage-backed securities included above is presented based upon weighted-average maturities that take into account anticipated future prepayments.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Information related to obligations of state and political subdivisions is presented based upon yield to first optional call date if the security is purchased at a premium, and yield to maturity if the security is purchased at par or a discount.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
Maturity calculations for obligations of state and political subdivisions are based on the first optional call date for securities with a fair value above par and the contractual maturity date for securities with a fair value equal to or below par.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)
The weighted-average maturity of total
available-for-sale
investment securities was 4.2 years at December 31, 2019, with a corresponding weighted-average yield of 2.38 percent.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(e)
Weighted-average yields for obligations of state and political subdivisions are presented on a fully-taxable equivalent basis based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent. Yields on investment securities are computed based on amortized cost balances.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp
  
41
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

     
 Note 4
 
   Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
The composition of the loan portfolio, disaggregated by class and underlying specific portfolio type, was as follows:
 
                                         
    March 31, 2020             December 31, 2019  
(Dollars in Millions)   Amount      Percent
of Total
            Amount      Percent
of Total
 
Commercial
              
Commercial
  $ 120,670       
37.9
       $ 98,168        33.2
Lease financing
    5,647       
1.8
               5,695        1.9  
Total commercial
    126,317       
39.7
           103,863        35.1  
Commercial Real Estate
              
Commercial mortgages
    30,124       
9.5
           29,404        9.9  
Construction and development
    10,856       
3.4
               10,342        3.5  
Total commercial real estate
    40,980       
12.9
           39,746        13.4  
Residential Mortgages
              
Residential mortgages
    60,708       
19.1
           59,865        20.2  
Home equity loans, first liens
    10,467       
3.3
               10,721        3.6  
Total residential mortgages
    71,175       
22.4
           70,586        23.8  
Credit Card
    22,781       
7.1
           24,789        8.4  
Other Retail
              
Retail leasing
    8,495       
2.7
           8,490        2.9  
Home equity and second mortgages
    14,836       
4.6
           15,036        5.1  
Revolving credit
    2,786       
.9
           2,899        1.0  
Installment
    11,540       
3.6
           11,038        3.7  
Automobile
    19,189       
6.0
           19,435        6.5  
Student
    206       
.1
               220        .1  
Total other retail
    57,052       
17.9
               57,118        19.3  
Total loans
  $ 318,305       
100.0
           $ 296,102        100.0
 
 
 
 
 
The Company had loans of $96.5 billion at March 31, 2020, and $96.2 billion at December 31, 2019, pledged at the Federal Home Loan Bank, and loans of $75.5 billion at March 31, 2020, and $76.3 billion at December 31, 2019, pledged at the Federal Reserve Bank.
Originated loans are reported at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned interest and deferred fees and costs, and any partial charge-offs recorded. Net unearned interest and deferred fees and costs amounted to $744 million at March 31, 2020 and $781 million
 
at December 31, 2019. All purchased loans are recorded at fair value at the date of purchase. Beginning January 1, 2020, the Company evaluates purchased loans for more-than-insignificant deterioration at the date of purchase in accordance with applicable authoritative accounting guidance. Purchased loans that have experienced more-than-insignificant deterioration from origination are considered purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”) loans. All other purchased loans are considered
non-purchased
credit deteriorated loans.
The Company offers a broad array of lending products and categorizes its loan portfolio into two segments, which is the level at which it develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine the allowance for credit losses. The Company’s two loan portfolio segments are commercial lending and consumer lending.
Allowance for Credit Losses
Effective January 1, 2020, the allowance for credit losses is established for current expected credit losses on the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, including unfunded credit commitments. Prior to January 1, 2020, the allowance for credit losses was established based on an incurred loss model. The allowance for credit losses is increased through provisions charged to earnings and reduced by net charge-offs, inclusive of expected recoveries. Management evaluates the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis. The allowance considers expected losses for the remaining lives of the applicable assets. Multiple economic scenarios are considered over a three-year reasonable and supportable forecast period, which incorporates historical loss experience in years two and three. After the forecast period, the Company fully reverts to long-term historical loss experience, adjusted for prepayments and characteristics of the current loan and lease portfolio, to estimate losses over the remaining lives. The economic scenarios are updated at least quarterly and are designed to provide a range of reasonable estimates, both better and worse than current expectations. Scenarios are weighted based on the Company’s expectation of future conditions. Final loss estimates also consider factors affecting credit losses not reflected in the scenarios, due to the unique aspects of current conditions and expectations. These
factors may include loan servicing practices, regulatory guidance, and/or fiscal and monetary policy actions.
The allowance recorded for credit losses utilizes forward-looking expected loss models to consider a variety of factors affecting lifetime credit losses. These factors include loan and borrower characteristics, such as internal risk
 
42
  
U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

ratings on commercial
loans and consumer credit scores, delinquency status, collateral type and available valuation information, consideration of end-of-term losses on
 
lease residuals, and the remaining term of the loan, adjusted for expected prepayments. Where loans do not exhibit similar risk characteristics, an individual analysis is performed to consider expected credit losses. For each loan portfolio, model estimates are adjusted as necessary to consider any relevant changes in portfolio composition, lending policies, underwriting standards, risk management practices or economic conditions that would affect the accuracy of the model. The results of the analysis are evaluated quarterly to confirm the estimates are appropriate for each loan portfolio. Expected credit loss estimates also include consideration of expected cash recoveries on loans previously charged-off, or expected recoveries on collateral dependent loans where recovery is expected through sale of the collateral. The allowance recorded for individually evaluated loans greater than $5 million in the commercial lending segment is based on an analysis utilizing expected cash flows discounted using the original effective interest rate, the observable market price of the loan, or the fair value of the collateral, less selling costs, for collateral-dependent loans.
The allowance recorded for Troubled Debt Restructuring (“TDR”) loans in the consumer lending segment is determined on a homogenous pool basis utilizing expected cash flows discounted using the original effective interest rate of the pool. TDRs do not include loan modifications granted to customers resulting directly from the
economic effects
of the COVID-19 pandemic. The allowance for collateral-dependent loans in the consumer lending segment is determined based on the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell and any expected future write-offs or recoveries. The allowance for credit losses on consumer lending segment TDR loans includes the consideration of subsequent payment defaults since modification, the borrower’s ability to pay under the restructured terms, and the timing and amount of payments. With respect to the commercial lending segment, TDRs may be collectively evaluated for impairment where observed performance history, including defaults, is a primary driver of the loss allocation. For commercial TDRs individually evaluated for impairment, attributes of the borrower are the primary factors in determining the allowance for credit losses. However, historical loss experience is also incorporated into the allowance methodology applied to this category of loans.
Beginning January 1, 2020, when a loan portfolio is purchased, an allowance is established for those loans considered purchased with more-than-insignificant credit deterioration, or PCD loans, and those not considered purchased with more-than-insignificant credit deterioration. The allowance established for each population considers product mix, risk characteristics of the portfolio, bankruptcy experience, delinquency status, refreshed loan-to-value ratios when possible, and portfolio growth. The allowance established for purchased loans not considered PCD is recognized through provision expense upon acquisition, whereas the allowance established for loans considered PCD at acquisition is offset by an increase in the basis of the acquired loans. Any subsequent increases and decreases in the allowance related to purchased loans are recognized through provision expense, with future charge-offs charged to the allowance.
The Company’s methodology for determining the appropriate allowance for credit losses for each loan segment also considers the imprecision inherent in the methodologies used. As a result, amounts determined under the methodologies described above are adjusted by management to consider the potential impact of other qualitative factors which include, but are not limited to, the following: model imprecision, imprecision in economic scenario assumptions, and emerging risks related to either changes in the environment that are affecting specific portfolio segments, or changes in portfolio concentrations over time that may affect model performance. The consideration of these items results in adjustments to allowance amounts included in the Company’s allowance for credit losses specific to each portfolio class.
The Company also assesses the credit risk associated with off-balance sheet loan commitments, letters of credit, investment securities and derivatives. Credit risk associated with derivatives is reflected in the fair values recorded for those positions. The liability for off-balance sheet credit exposure related to loan commitments and other credit guarantees is included in other liabilities. Because business processes and credit risks associated with unfunded credit commitments are essentially the same as for loans, the Company utilizes similar processes to estimate its liability for unfunded credit commitments.
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
43
 
 
 
 
 
 

Activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio class was as follows:
 
 
                                                 
(Dollars in Millions)   Commercial     Commercial
Real Estate
    Residential
Mortgages
    Credit
Card
    Other
Retail
    Total
Loans
 
Balance at December 31, 2019
  $ 1,484     $ 799     $ 433     $ 1,128     $ 647     $ 4,491  
Add
           
Change in accounting principle (a)
    378       (122     (30     872       401       1,499  
Provision for credit losses
    452       162       10       246       123       993  
Deduct
           
Loans
charged-off
    88             8       274       121       491  
Less recoveries of loans
charged-off
    (14     (2     (7     (40     (35     (98
Net loans
charged-off
    74       (2     1       234       86       393  
Balance at March 31, 2020
  $ 2,240     $ 841     $ 412     $ 2,012     $ 1,085     $ 6,590  
Balance at December 31, 2018
  $ 1,454     $ 800     $ 455     $ 1,102     $ 630     $ 4,441  
Add
           
Provision for credit losses
    64       12       (7     238       70       377  
Deduct
           
Loans
charged-off
    111       1       8       257       96       473  
Less recoveries of loans
charged-off
    (38     (1     (5     (32     (30     (106
Net loans
charged-off
    73             3       225       66       367  
Balance at March 31, 2019
  $ 1,445     $ 812     $ 445     $ 1,115     $ 634     $ 4,451  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted accounting guidance which changed impairment recognition of financial instruments to a model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The increase in the allowance for credit losses from December 31, 2019 to March 31, 2020 reflected the adoption of new accounting guidance and deteriorating economic conditions driven by the impact of
COVID-19
on the domestic and global economies. Expected loss estimates consider both the decrease in economic activity, and the mitigating effects of government stimulus and industrywide loan modification efforts designed to limit long term effects of the pandemic.
The increase in the allowance for credit losses resulted from the estimated impact of deteriorating economic conditions and higher unemployment, partially offset by the benefits of government stimulus programs.
Credit Quality
The credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolios is assessed as a function of net credit losses, levels of nonperforming assets and delinquencies, and credit quality ratings as defined by the Company.
For all loan classes, loans are considered past due based on the number of days delinquent except for monthly amortizing loans which are classified delinquent based upon the number of contractually required payments not made (for example, two missed payments is considered 30 days delinquent). When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid accrued interest is reversed, reducing interest income in the current period.
Commercial lending segment loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status when the collection of principal and interest has become 90 days past due or is otherwise considered doubtful. Commercial lending segment loans are generally fully or partially charged down to the fair value of the collateral securing the loan, less costs to sell, when the loan is placed on nonaccrual.
Consumer lending segment loans are generally
charged-off
at a specific number of days or payments past due. Residential mortgages and other retail loans secured by
1-4
family properties are generally charged down to the fair value of the collateral securing the loan, less costs to sell, at 180 days past due. Residential mortgage loans and lines in a first lien position are placed on nonaccrual status in instances where a partial
charge-off
occurs unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. Residential mortgage loans and lines in a junior lien position secured by
1-4 family
properties are placed on nonaccrual status at 120 days past due or when they are behind a first lien that has become 180 days or greater past due or placed on nonaccrual status. Any secured consumer lending segment loan whose borrower has had debt discharged through bankruptcy, for which the loan amount exceeds the fair value of the collateral, is charged down to the fair value of the related collateral and the remaining balance is placed on nonaccrual status. Credit card loans continue to accrue interest until the account is
charged-off.
Credit cards are
charged-off
at 180 days past due. Other retail loans not secured by
1-4
family properties are
charged-off
at 120 days past due; and revolving consumer lines are
charged-off
at 180 days past due. Similar to credit cards, other retail loans are generally not placed on nonaccrual status because of the relative short period of time to
charge-off.
Certain retail customers having financial difficulties may have the terms of their credit card and other loan agreements modified to require only principal payments and, as such, are reported as nonaccrual.
For all loan classes, interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally recorded as a reduction to a loan’s carrying amount while a loan is on nonaccrual and are recognized as interest income upon payoff of the loan. However, interest income may be recognized for interest payments if the remaining carrying amount of the loan is
 
     
44
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

believed to be collectible. In certain circumstances, loans in any class may be restored to accrual status, such as when a loan has demonstrated sustained repayment performance or no amounts are past due and prospects for future payment are no longer in doubt; or when the loan becomes well secured and is in the process of collection. Loans where there has been a partial
charge-off
may be returned to accrual status if all principal and interest (including amounts previously
charged-off)
is expected to be collected and the loan is current. Generally, purchased credit deteriorated loans are considered accruing loans. However, the timing and amount of future cash flows for some loans is not reasonably estimable, and those loans are classified as nonaccrual loans with interest income not recognized until the timing and amount of the future cash flows can be reasonably estimated.
The following table provides a summary of loans by portfolio class, including the delinquency status of those that continue to accrue interest, and those that are nonperforming:
 
                                         
    Accruing                
(Dollars in Millions)   Current     
30-89 Days

Past Due
     90 Days or
More Past Due
     Nonperforming (b)      Total  
March 31, 2020
             
Commercial
  $ 125,576      $ 352      $ 80      $ 309      $ 126,317  
Commercial real estate
    40,795        82        2        101        40,980  
Residential mortgages (a)
    70,660        164        108        243        71,175  
Credit card
    22,194        293        294               22,781  
Other retail
    56,408        387        95        162        57,052  
Total loans
  $ 315,633      $ 1,278      $ 579      $ 815      $ 318,305  
December 31, 2019
             
Commercial
  $ 103,273      $ 307      $ 79      $ 204      $ 103,863  
Commercial real estate
    39,627        34        3        82        39,746  
Residential mortgages (a)
    70,071        154        120        241        70,586  
Credit card
    24,162        321        306               24,789  
Other retail
    56,463        393        97        165        57,118  
Total loans
  $ 293,596      $ 1,209      $ 605      $ 692      $ 296,102  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
At March 31, 2020, $396 million of loans 30–89 days past due and $1.6 billion of loans 90 days or more past due purchased from Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, were classified as current, compared with $428 million and $1.7 billion at December 31, 2019, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Substantially all nonperforming loans at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, had an associated allowance for credit losses. The Company recognized $4
 
million and $5 million of interest income on nonperforming loans for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At March 31, 2020, the amount of foreclosed residential real estate held by the Company, and included in
other real estate owned (“OREO”) was
 
$67 million, compared with $74 million at December 31, 2019. These amounts exclude $122 million and $155 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, of foreclosed residential real estate related to mortgage loans whose payments are primarily insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs. In addition, the amount of residential mortgage loans secured by residential real estate in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, was $1.4 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, of which $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively, related to loans purchased from Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.
The Company classifies its loan portfolios using internal credit quality ratings on a quarterly basis. These ratings include pass, special mention and classified, and are an important part of the Company’s overall credit risk management process and evaluation of the allowance for credit losses. Loans with a pass rating represent those loans not classified on the Company’s rating scale for problem credits, as minimal credit risk has been identified. Special mention loans are those loans that have a potential weakness deserving management’s close attention. Classified loans are those loans where a well-defined weakness has been identified that may put full collection of contractual cash flows at risk. It is possible that others, given the same information, may reach different reasonable conclusions regarding the credit quality rating classification of specific loans.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
4
5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The following table provides a summary of loans by portfolio class and the Company’s internal credit quality rating:
 
 
 
March 31, 2020
 
  
  
 
 
December 31, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
Criticized
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Criticized
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in Millions)
 
Pass
 
 
Special
Mention
 
 
Classified (a)
 
 
Total
Criticized
 
 
Total
 
  
  
 
 
Pass
 
 
Special
Mention
 
 
Classified (a)
 
 
Total
Criticized
 
 
Total
 
Commercial
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
  
   
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
Originated in 2020
 
$
13,238
 
 
$
392
 
 
$
85
 
 
$
477
 
 
$
13,715
 
  
   
 
 
$
 
 
$
 
 
$
 
 
$
 
 
$
 
Originated in 2019
 
 
35,323
 
 
 
846
 
 
 
275
 
 
 
1,121
 
 
 
36,444
 
  
   
 
 
 
33,550
 
 
 
174
 
 
 
222
 
 
 
396
 
 
 
33,946
 
Originated in 2018
 
 
23,843
 
 
 
991
 
 
 
369
 
 
 
1,360
 
 
 
25,203
 
  
   
 
 
 
21,394
 
 
 
420
 
 
 
136
 
 
 
556
 
 
 
21,950
 
Originated in 2017
 
 
10,983
 
 
 
318
 
 
 
192
 
 
 
510
 
 
 
11,493
 
  
   
 
 
 
10,464
 
 
 
165
 
 
 
97
 
 
 
262
 
 
 
10,726
 
Originated in 2016
 
 
5,236
 
 
 
85
 
 
 
37
 
 
 
122
 
 
 
5,358
 
  
   
 
 
 
4,984
 
 
 
10
 
 
 
37
 
 
 
47
 
 
 
5,031
 
Originated prior to 2016
 
 
4,745
 
 
 
148
 
 
 
125
 
 
 
273
 
 
 
5,018
 
  
   
 
 
 
5,151
 
 
 
86
 
 
 
96
 
 
 
182
 
 
 
5,333
 
Revolving
 
 
27,904
 
 
 
911
 
 
 
271
 
 
 
1,182
 
 
 
29,086
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
26,307
 
 
 
292
 
 
 
278
 
 
 
570
 
 
 
26,877
 
Total commercial
 
 
121,272
 
 
 
3,691
 
 
 
1,354
 
 
 
5,045
 
 
 
126,317
 
  
   
 
 
 
101,850
 
 
 
1,147
 
 
 
866
 
 
 
2,013
 
 
 
103,863
 
           
 
         
Commercial real estate
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
  
   
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
Originated in 2020
 
 
2,824
 
 
 
339
 
 
 
20
 
 
 
359
 
 
 
3,183
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated in 2019
 
 
12,058
 
 
 
705
 
 
 
208
 
 
 
913
 
 
 
12,971
 
  
   
 
 
 
12,976
 
 
 
108
 
 
 
108
 
 
 
216
 
 
 
13,192
 
Originated in 2018
 
 
8,367
 
 
 
705
 
 
 
100
 
 
 
805
 
 
 
9,172
 
  
   
 
 
 
9,455
 
 
 
71
 
 
 
56
 
 
 
127
 
 
 
9,582
 
Originated in 2017
 
 
4,721
 
 
 
568
 
 
 
98
 
 
 
666
 
 
 
5,387
 
  
   
 
 
 
5,863
 
 
 
99
 
 
 
64
 
 
 
163
 
 
 
6,026
 
Originated in 2016
 
 
3,242
 
 
 
215
 
 
 
74
 
 
 
289
 
 
 
3,531
 
  
   
 
 
 
3,706
 
 
 
117
 
 
 
60
 
 
 
177
 
 
 
3,883
 
Originated prior to 2016
 
 
4,314
 
 
 
189
 
 
 
134
 
 
 
323
 
 
 
4,637
 
  
   
 
 
 
4,907
 
 
 
78
 
 
 
101
 
 
 
179
 
 
 
5,086
 
Revolving
 
 
2,072
 
 
 
23
 
 
 
4
 
 
 
27
 
 
 
2,099
 
  
   
 
 
 
1,965
 
 
 
11
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
12
 
 
 
1,977
 
Total commercial real estate
 
 
37,598
 
 
 
2,744
 
 
 
638
 
 
 
3,382
 
 
 
40,980
 
  
   
 
 
 
38,872
 
 
 
484
 
 
 
390
 
 
 
874
 
 
 
39,746
 
           
 
         
Residential mortgages (b)
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
  
   
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
Originated in 2020
 
 
5,108
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5,108
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated in 2019
 
 
17,909
 
 
 
 
 
 
3
 
 
 
3
 
 
 
17,912
 
  
   
 
 
 
18,819
 
 
 
2
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
3
 
 
 
18,822
 
Originated in 2018
 
 
8,211
 
 
 
 
 
 
11
 
 
 
11
 
 
 
8,222
 
  
   
 
 
 
9,204
 
 
 
 
 
 
11
 
 
 
11
 
 
 
9,215
 
Originated in 2017
 
 
8,961
 
 
 
 
 
 
17
 
 
 
17
 
 
 
8,978
 
  
   
 
 
 
9,605
 
 
 
 
 
 
21
 
 
 
21
 
 
 
9,626
 
Originated in 2016
 
 
10,779
 
 
 
 
 
 
29
 
 
 
29
 
 
 
10,808
 
  
   
 
 
 
11,378
 
 
 
 
 
 
29
 
 
 
29
 
 
 
11,407
 
Originated prior to 2016
 
 
19,821
 
 
 
 
 
 
326
 
 
 
326
 
 
 
20,147
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
21,168
 
 
 
 
 
 
348
 
 
 
348
 
 
 
21,516
 
Total residential mortgages
 
 
70,789
 
 
 
 
 
 
386
 
 
 
386
 
 
 
71,175
 
  
   
 
 
 
70,174
 
 
 
2
 
 
 
410
 
 
 
412
 
 
 
70,586
 
           
 
         
Credit card (c)
 
 
22,487
 
 
 
 
 
 
294
 
 
 
294
 
 
 
22,781
 
  
   
 
 
 
24,483
 
 
 
 
 
 
306
 
 
 
306
 
 
 
24,789
 
           
 
         
Other retail
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
  
   
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
Originated in 2020
 
 
4,172
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
4,173
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated in 2019
 
 
14,747
 
 
 
 
 
 
14
 
 
 
14
 
 
 
14,761
 
  
   
 
 
 
15,907
 
 
 
 
 
 
11
 
 
 
11
 
 
 
15,918
 
Originated in 2018
 
 
9,308
 
 
 
 
 
 
24
 
 
 
24
 
 
 
9,332
 
  
   
 
 
 
10,131
 
 
 
 
 
 
23
 
 
 
23
 
 
 
10,154
 
Originated in 2017
 
 
6,836
 
 
 
 
 
 
26
 
 
 
26
 
 
 
6,862
 
  
   
 
 
 
7,907
 
 
 
 
 
 
28
 
 
 
28
 
 
 
7,935
 
Originated in 2016
 
 
3,096
 
 
 
 
 
 
16
 
 
 
16
 
 
 
3,112
 
  
   
 
 
 
3,679
 
 
 
 
 
 
20
 
 
 
20
 
 
 
3,699
 
Originated prior to 2016
 
 
2,866
 
 
 
 
 
 
22
 
 
 
22
 
 
 
2,888
 
  
   
 
 
 
3,274
 
 
 
 
 
 
28
 
 
 
28
 
 
 
3,302
 
Revolving
 
 
15,336
 
 
 
8
 
 
 
125
 
 
 
133
 
 
 
15,469
 
  
   
 
 
 
15,509
 
 
 
10
 
 
 
138
 
 
 
148
 
 
 
15,657
 
Revolving converted to term
 
 
442
 
 
 
 
 
 
33
 
 
 
33
 
 
 
455
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
418
 
 
 
 
 
 
35
 
 
 
35
 
 
 
453
 
Total other retail
 
 
56,783
 
 
 
8
 
 
 
261
 
 
 
269
 
 
 
57,052
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
56,825
 
 
 
10
 
 
 
283
 
 
 
293
 
 
 
57,118
 
Total loans
 
$
308,929
 
 
$
6,443
 
 
$
2,933
 
 
$
9,376
 
 
$
318,305
 
  
 
 
 
 
$
292,204
 
 
$
1,643
 
 
$
2,255
 
 
$
3,898
 
 
$
296,102
 
Total outstanding commitments
 
$
623,649
 
 
$
8,604
 
 
$
3,560
 
 
$
12,164
 
 
$
635,813
 
  
 
 
 
 
$
619,224
 
 
$
2,451
 
 
$
2,873
 
 
$
5,324
 
 
$
624,548
 
 
(a)
Classified rating on consumer loans primarily based on delinquency status.
(b)
At March 31, 2020, $1.6 billion of GNMA loans 90 days or more past due and $1.6 billion of restructured GNMA loans whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs were classified with a pass rating, compared with $1.7 billion and $1.6 billion at December 31, 2018, respectively.
(c)
All credit card loans are considered revolving loans.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
In certain circumstances, the Company may modify the terms of a loan to maximize the collection of amounts due when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties or is expected to experience difficulties in the near-term. Concessionary modifications are classified as TDRs unless the modification results in only an insignificant delay in payments to be received. The Company recognizes interest on TDRs if the borrower complies with the revised terms and conditions as agreed upon with the Company and has demonstrated repayment performance at a level commensurate with the modified terms over several payment cycles, which is generally six months or greater. To the extent a previous restructuring was insignificant, the Company considers the cumulative effect of past restructurings related to the receivable when determining whether a current restructuring is a TDR.
 
46
  
U.S. Bancorp

The following table provides a summary of loans modified as TDRs during the periods presented by portfolio class:
 
    2020              2019  
Three Months Ended March 31 (Dollars in Millions)   Number
of Loans
    
Pre-Modification

Outstanding
Loan Balance
    
Post-Modification

Outstanding
Loan Balance
             Number
of Loans
    
Pre-Modification

Outstanding
Loan Balance
    
Post-Modification

Outstanding
Loan Balance
 
Commercial
    999      $ 99      $ 101             913      $ 36      $ 29  
Commercial real estate
    27        21        21             20        47        46  
Residential mortgages
    90        10        10             96        14        13  
Credit card
    8,415        46        47             9,648        50        51  
Other retail
    655        15        14                 573        11        10  
Total loans, excluding loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools
    10,186        191        193             11,250        158        149  
Loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools
    1,904        266        260                 1,538        203        195  
Total loans
    12,090      $ 457      $ 453                 12,788      $ 361      $ 344  
Residential mortgages, home equity and second mortgages, and loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools in the table above include trial period arrangements offered to customers during the periods presented. The post-modification balances for these loans reflect the current outstanding balance until a permanent modification is made. In addition, the post-modification balances typically include capitalization of unpaid accrued interest and/or fees under the various modification programs. For those loans modified as TDRs during the first quarter of 2020, at March 31, 2020, 39 residential mortgages, 22 home equity and second mortgage loans and 1,024 loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools with outstanding balances of $5 million, $2 million and $141 million, respectively, were in a trial period and have estimated post-modification balances of $5 million, $2 million and $140 million, respectively, assuming permanent modification occurs at the end of the trial period.
The Company has implemented certain restructuring programs that may result in TDRs. However, many of the Company’s TDRs are also determined on a
case-by-case
basis in connection with ongoing loan collection processes.
For the commercial lending segment, modifications generally result in the Company working with borrowers on a
case-by-case
basis. Commercial and commercial real estate modifications generally include extensions of the maturity date and may be accompanied by an increase or decrease to the interest rate, which may not be deemed a market interest rate. In addition, the Company may work with the borrower in identifying other changes that mitigate loss to the Company, which may include additional collateral or guarantees to support the loan. To a lesser extent, the Company may waive contractual principal. The Company classifies all of the above concessions as TDRs to the extent the Company determines that the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty.
Modifications for the consumer lending segment are generally part of programs the Company has initiated. The Company modifies residential mortgage loans under Federal Housing Administration, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, or its own internal programs. Under these programs, the Company offers qualifying homeowners the opportunity to permanently modify their loan and achieve more affordable monthly payments by providing loan concessions. These concessions may include adjustments to interest rates, conversion of adjustable rates to fixed rates, extension of maturity dates or deferrals of payments, capitalization of accrued interest and/or outstanding advances, or in limited situations, partial forgiveness of loan principal. In most instances, participation in residential mortgage loan restructuring programs requires the customer to complete a short-term trial period. A permanent loan modification is contingent on the customer successfully completing the trial period arrangement, and the loan documents are not modified until that time. The Company reports loans in a trial period arrangement as TDRs and continues to report them as TDRs after the trial period.
Credit card and other retail loan TDRs are generally part of distinct restructuring programs providing customers experiencing financial difficulty with modifications whereby balances may be amortized up to 60 months, and generally include waiver of fees and reduced interest rates.
In addition, the Company considers secured loans to consumer borrowers that have debt discharged through bankruptcy where the borrower has not reaffirmed the debt to be TDRs.
Loan modifications or concessions granted to borrowers resulting directly from the effects of the
COVID-19
pandemic, who were otherwise in current payment status, are not considered to be TDRs. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had approved
modifications to 
approximately $3.1 billion of loan
s
included on its consolidated balance sheet related to borrowers impacted by the
COVID-19
pandemic, consisting primarily of payment deferrals of 90 days or less on loans within the consumer lending segment.
 
U.S. Bancorp   
47

The following table provides a summary of TDR loans that defaulted (fully or partially
charged-off
or became 90 days or more past due) during the periods presented that were modified as TDRs within 12 months previous to default:
 
                                         
    2020              2019  
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in Millions)
  Number
of Loans
     Amount
Defaulted
             Number
of Loans
     Amount
Defaulted
 
Commercial
    287      $ 20             234      $ 5  
Commercial real estate
    16        10             8        6  
Residential mortgages
    13        1             96        10  
Credit card
    2,070        10             2,054        9  
Other retail
    108        1                 147        7  
Total loans, excluding loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools
    2,494        42             2,539        37  
Loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools
    304        41                 124        17  
Total loans
    2,798      $ 83                 2,663      $ 54  
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition to the defaults in the table above, the Company had a total of 137 residential mortgage loans, home equity and second mortgage loans and loans purchased from GNMA mortgage pools for the three months ended March 31, 2020, where borrowers did not successfully complete the trial period arrangement and, therefore, are no longer eligible for a permanent modification under the applicable modification program. These loans had aggregate outstanding balances of $19 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
As of March 31, 2020, the Company had $119 million of commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose terms of their outstanding owed balances have been modified in troubled debt restructurings.
 
     
 Note 5
     Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Variable Interest Entities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company transfers financial assets in the normal course of business. The majority of the Company’s financial asset transfers are residential mortgage loan sales primarily to government-sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”), transfers of
tax-advantaged
investments, commercial loan sales through participation agreements, and other individual or portfolio loan and securities sales. In accordance with the accounting guidance for asset transfers, the Company considers any ongoing involvement with transferred assets in determining whether the assets can be derecognized from the balance sheet. Guarantees provided to certain third parties in connection with the transfer of assets are further discussed in Note 1
5
.
For loans sold under participation agreements, the Company also considers whether the terms of the loan participation agreement meet the accounting definition of a participating interest. With the exception of servicing and certain performance-based guarantees, the Company’s continuing involvement with financial assets sold is minimal and generally limited to market customary representation and warranty clauses. Any gain or loss on sale depends on the previous carrying amount of the transferred financial assets, the consideration received, and any liabilities incurred in exchange for the transferred assets. Upon transfer, any servicing assets and other interests that continue to be held by the Company are initially recognized at fair value. For further information on mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), refer to Note
6
. On a limited basis, the Company may acquire and package high-grade corporate bonds for select corporate customers, in which the Company generally has no continuing involvement with these transactions. Additionally, the Company is an authorized GNMA issuer and issues GNMA securities on a regular basis. The Company has no other asset securitizations or similar asset-backed financing arrangements that are
off-balance
sheet.
The Company also provides financial support primarily through the use of waivers of trust and investment management fees associated with various unconsolidated registered money market funds it manages. The Company provided $8 million and $7 million of support to the funds during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The Company is involved in various entities that are considered to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”). The Company’s investments in VIEs are primarily related to investments promoting affordable housing, community development and renewable energy sources. Some of these
tax-advantaged
investments support the Company’s regulatory compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act. The Company’s investments in these entities generate a return primarily through the realization of federal and state income tax credits, and other tax benefits, such as tax deductions from operating losses of the investments, over specified time periods. These tax credits are recognized as a reduction of tax expense or, for investments qualifying as investment tax credits, as a reduction to the related investment asset. The Company recognized federal and state income tax credits related to its affordable housing and other
tax-advantaged
investments in tax expense of
 
$
150
 million and $
145
 million for the three months ended March 
31
,
2020
and
2019
, respectively. The
 
Company also recognized $
99
 million and $
84
 million of investment tax 
 
     
48
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

credits for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company recognized $142 million and $132 million of expenses related to all of these investments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, of which $101 million and $81 million, respectively, were included in tax expense and the remaining amounts were included in noninterest expense.
The Company is not required to consolidate VIEs in which it has concluded it does not have a controlling financial interest, and thus is not the primary beneficiary. In such cases, the Company does not have both the power to direct the entities’ most significant activities and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIEs.
The Company’s investments in these unconsolidated VIEs are carried in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company’s unfunded capital and other commitments related to these unconsolidated VIEs are generally carried in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from these unconsolidated VIEs include the investment recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet, net of unfunded capital commitments, and previously recorded tax credits which remain subject to recapture by taxing authorities based on compliance features required to be met at the project level. While the Company believes potential losses from these investments are remote, the maximum exposure was determined by assuming a scenario where the community-based business and housing projects completely fail and do not meet certain government compliance requirements resulting in recapture of the related tax credits.
The following table provides a summary of investments in community development and
tax-advantaged
VIEs that the Company has not consolidated:
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)  
March 31,
2020
    
December 31,
2019
 
Investment carrying amount
  $ 6,147      $ 6,148  
Unfunded capital and other commitments
    2,833        2,938  
Maximum exposure to loss
    12,453        12,118  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company also has noncontrolling financial investments in private investment funds and partnerships considered to be VIEs, which are not consolidated. The Company’s recorded investment in these entities, carried in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, was approximately $34 million at March 31, 2020 and $31 million at December 31, 2019. The maximum exposure to loss related to these VIEs was $56 million at March 31, 2020 and $55 million at December 31, 2019, representing the Company’s investment balance and its unfunded commitments to invest additional amounts.
The Company’s individual net investments in unconsolidated VIEs, which exclude any unfunded capital commitments, ranged from less than $1 million to $86 million at March 31, 2020, compared with less than $1 million to $87 million at December 31, 2019.
The Company is required to consolidate VIEs in which it has concluded it has a controlling financial interest. The Company sponsors entities to which it transfers its interests in tax-advantaged investments to third parties. At March 31, 2020, approximately $3.7 billion of the Company’s assets and $2.9 billion of its liabilities included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet were related to community development and
tax-advantaged
investment VIEs which the Company has consolidated, primarily related to these transfers. These amounts compared to $4.0 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2019. The majority of the assets of these consolidated VIEs are reported in other assets, and the liabilities are reported in long-term debt and other liabilities. The assets of a particular VIE are the primary source of funds to settle its obligations. The creditors of the VIEs do not have recourse to the general credit of the Company. The Company’s exposure to the consolidated VIEs is generally limited to the carrying value of its variable interests plus any related tax credits previously recognized or transferred to others with a guarantee.
The Company also sponsors a conduit to which it previously transferred high-grade investment securities. The Company consolidates the conduit because of its ability to manage the activities of the conduit. At March 31, 2020, $13 million of the available-for-sale investment securities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet were related to the conduit, compared with $12 million at December 31, 2019.
In addition, the Company sponsors a municipal bond securities tender option bond program. The Company controls the activities of the program’s entities, is entitled to the residual returns and provides liquidity and remarketing arrangements to the program. As a result, the Company has consolidated the program’s entities. At March 31, 2020, $3.1 billion of
available-for-sale
investment securities and $1.6 billion of short-term borrowings on the Consolidated
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
49
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Balance Sheet were related to the tender option bond program, compared with $3.0 billion of
available-for-sale
 investment securities and $2.7 billion of short-term borrowings at December 31, 2019.
 
     
 Note 6
     Mortgage Servicing Rights
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company capitalizes MSRs as separate assets when loans are sold and servicing is retained. MSRs may also be purchased from others. The Company carries MSRs at fair value, with changes in the fair value recorded in earnings during the period in which they occur. The Company serviced $226.7 billion of residential mortgage loans for others at March 31, 2020, and $226.0 billion at December 31, 2019, including subserviced mortgages with no corresponding MSR asset. Included in mortgage banking revenue are the MSR fair value changes arising from market rate and model assumption changes, net of the value change in derivatives used to economically hedge MSRs. These changes resulted in net gains of $25 million and $11 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Loan servicing and ancillary fees, not including valuation changes, included in mortgage banking revenue were $186 million and $179 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Changes in fair value of capitalized MSRs are summarized as follows:
 
                 
    
Three Months Ended
March 31
 
(Dollars in Millions)    2020     2019  
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 2,546      $ 2,791  
Rights purchased
    5        1  
Rights capitalized
    201        78  
Rights sold (a)
     1        
Changes in fair value of MSRs
    
Due to fluctuations in market interest rates (
b
)
    (743      (119
Due to revised assumptions or models (
c
)
    17        11  
Other changes in fair value (
d
)
    (140      (106
Balance at end of period
  $ 1,887      $ 2,656  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
MSRs sold in 2020 include those having a negative fair value, resulting from the loans being severely delinquent.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Includes changes in MSR value associated with changes in market interest rates, including estimated prepayment rates and anticipated earnings on escrow deposits.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
Includes changes in MSR value not caused by changes in market interest rates, such as changes in cost to service, ancillary income and option adjusted spread, as well as the impact of any model changes.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)
Primarily represents changes due to realization of expected cash flows over time (decay).
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The estimated sensitivity to changes in interest rates of the fair value of the MSR portfolio and the related derivative instruments was as follows:
 
                                                                                                         
    March 31, 2020             December 31, 2019  
(Dollars in Millions)   Down
100 bps
    Down
50 bps
    Down
25 bps
    Up
25 bps
    Up
50 bps
    Up
100 bps
            Down
100 bps
    Down
50 bps
    Down
25 bps
    Up
25 bps
    Up
50 bps
    Up
100 bps
 
MSR portfolio
  $ (447    $ (291    $ (163    $ 168      $ 337      $ 663           $ (663   $ (316   $ (153   $ 141     $ 269     $ 485  
Derivative instrument hedges
    590        286        145        (150      (307      (657               613       306       152       (143     (279     (550
Net sensitivity
  $ 143      $ (5    $ (18    $ 18      $ 30      $ 6               $ (50   $ (10   $ (1   $ (2   $ (10   $ (65
 
 
 
 
 
 
The fair value of MSRs and their sensitivity to changes in interest rates is influenced by the mix of the servicing portfolio and characteristics of each segment of the portfolio. The Company’s servicing portfolio consists of the distinct portfolios of government-insured mortgages, conventional mortgages and Housing Finance Agency (“HFA”) mortgages. The servicing portfolios are predominantly comprised of fixed-rate agency loans with limited adjustable-rate or jumbo mortgage loans. The HFA servicing portfolio is comprised of loans originated under state and local housing authority program guidelines which assist purchases by first-time or
low-
to moderate-income homebuyers through a favorable rate subsidy, down payment and/or closing cost assistance on government- and conventional-insured mortgages.
 
     
50
  
U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

A summary of the Company’s MSRs and related characteristics by portfolio was as follows:
 
                                                                         
    March 31, 2020            December 31, 2019  
(Dollars in Millions)   HFA     Government     Conventional (d)     Total            HFA     Government     Conventional (d)     Total  
Servicing portfolio (a)
  $ 45,073     $ 34,836     $ 144,211     $ 224,120         $ 44,906     $ 35,302     $ 143,310     $ 223,518  
Fair value
  $ 396     $ 349     $ 1,142     $ 1,887         $ 486     $ 451     $ 1,609     $ 2,546  
Value (bps) (b)
    88       100       79       84           108       128       112       114  
Weighted-average servicing fees (bps)
    34       39       29       31           34       39       28       31  
Multiple (value/servicing fees)
    2.55       2.54       2.77       2.68           3.15       3.29       4.00       3.67  
Weighted-average note rate
    4.63     3.97     4.05     4.15         4.65     3.99     4.07     4.17
Weighted-average age (in years)
    3.8       5.0       4.8       4.6           3.7       4.9       4.8       4.6  
Weighted-average expected
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
prepayment (constant prepayment rate)
    16.2     19.5     20.7     19.6         12.2     13.7     12.2     12.4
Weighted-average expected life (in years)
    5.1       4.2       3.8       4.1           6.5       5.7       5.9       6.0  
Weighted-average option adjusted spread (c)
    8.3     7.8     6.7     7.3             8.4     7.9     6.9     7.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Represents principal balance of mortgages having corresponding MSR asset.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Calculated as fair value divided by the servicing portfolio.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
Option adjusted spread is the incremental spread added to the risk-free rate to reflect optionality and other risk inherent in the MSRs.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)
Represents loans sold primarily to GSEs.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 Note 7
     Preferred Stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had authority to issue 50 million shares of preferred stock. The number of shares issued and outstanding and the carrying amount of each outstanding series of the Company’s preferred stock were as follows:
 
                                                                         
    March 31, 2020              December 31, 2019  
(Dollars in Millions)   Shares
Issued and
Outstanding
     Liquidation
Preference
     Discount      Carrying
Amount
             Shares
Issued and
Outstanding
     Liquidation
Preference
     Discount      Carrying
Amount
 
Series A
    12,510      $ 1,251      $ 145      $ 1,106             12,510      $ 1,251      $ 145      $ 1,106  
Series B
    40,000        1,000               1,000             40,000        1,000               1,000  
Series F
    44,000        1,100        12        1,088             44,000        1,100        12        1,088  
Series H
    20,000        500        13        487             20,000        500        13        487  
Series I
    30,000        750        5        745             30,000        750        5        745  
Series J
    40,000        1,000        7        993             40,000        1,000        7        993  
Series K
    23,000        575        10        565                 23,000        575        10        565  
Total preferred stock (a)
    209,510      $ 6,176      $ 192      $ 5,984                 209,510      $ 6,176      $ 192      $ 5,984  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
The par value of all shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, was $1.00 per share.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
Note 8
 
   Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Shareholders' equity is affected by transactions and valuations of asset and liability positions that require adjustments to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The reconciliation of the transactions affecting accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in shareholders' equity for the three months ended March 31, is as follows:
 
                                                 
(Dollars in Millions)   Unrealized Gains
(Losses) on
Investment
Securities
Available-For-
Sale
   
Unrealized Gains
(Losses) on
Investment
Securities
Transferred From
Available-For-Sale
to Held-To-
Maturity
    Unrealized Gains
(Losses) on
Derivative Hedges
    Unrealized Gains
(Losses) on
Retirement Plans
    Foreign
Currency
Translation
    Total  
2020
           
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 379     $     $ (51   $ (1,636   $ (65   $ (1,373
Changes in unrealized gains and losses
    2,787             (257                 2,530  
Foreign currency translation adjustment (a)
                            (13     (13
Reclassification to earnings of realized gains and losses
    (50           13       31             (6
Applicable income taxes
    (692           62       (8     3       (635
Balance at end of period
  $ 2,424     $     $ (233   $ (1,613   $ (75   $ 503  
2019
           
Balance at beginning of period
  $ (946   $ 14     $ 112     $ (1,418   $ (84   $ (2,322
Changes in unrealized gains and losses
    785             (74                 711  
Foreign currency translation adjustment (a)
                            16       16  
Reclassification to earnings of realized gains and losses
    (5     (1     (8     22             8  
Applicable income taxes
    (197           21       (6     (4     (186
Balance at end of period
  $ (363   $ 13     $ 51     $ (1,402   $ (72   $ (1,773
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Represents the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on the Company's investment in foreign operations and related hedges.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
51
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Additional detail about the impact to net income for items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and into earnings for the three months ended March 31, is as follows:
 
     Impact to Net
Income
   
Affected Line Item in the
Consolidated Statement of Income
(Dollars in Millions)
  
2020
   
2019
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities
available-for-sale
      
Realized gains (losses) on sale of investment securities
  $ 50      $ 5     Securities gains (losses), net
    (13      (2   Applicable income taxes
    37        3    
Net-of-tax
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities transferred from
available-for-sale
to
      
held-to-maturity
 
 
 
Amortization of unrealized gains
           1     Interest income
               Applicable income taxes
           1    
Net-of-tax
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative hedges
      
Realized gains (losses) on derivative hedges
    (13      8     Interest expense
    3        (2   Applicable income taxes
    (10      6    
Net-of-tax
Unrealized gains (losses) on retirement plans
      
Actuarial gains (losses) and prior service cost (credit) amortization
    (31      (22   Other noninterest expense
    8        6     Applicable income taxes
    (23      (16  
Net-of-tax
Total impact to net income
  $ 4      $ (6    
 
 Note 9
 
   Earnings Per Share
The components of earnings per share were:
 
    Three Months Ended
March 31
 
(Dollars and Shares in Millions, Except Per Share Data)  
    2020
    
    2019
 
Net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp
  $ 1,171      $ 1,699  
Preferred dividends
    (78      (79
Earnings allocated to participating stock awards
    (5      (7
Net income applicable to U.S. Bancorp common shareholders
  $ 1,088      $ 1,613  
Average common shares outstanding
    1,518        1,602  
Net effect of the exercise and assumed purchase of stock awards
    1        3  
Average diluted common shares outstanding
    1,519        1,605  
Earnings per common share
  $ .72      $ 1.01  
Diluted earnings per common share
  $ .72      $ 1.00  
Options outstanding at March 31, 2020 and 2019, to purchase 1 million common shares, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, because they were antidilutive.
 
 Note 10
 
   Employee Benefits
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company's retirement plans were:
 
     Three Months Ended March 31  
     Pension Plans             Postretirement
Welfare Plan
 
(Dollars in Millions)    2020     2019             2020     2019  
Service cost
   $ 59      $ 48    
 
 
 
 
$      $  
Interest cost
     58        62    
 
 
 
 
  1        1  
Expected return on plan assets
     (101      (95  
 
 
 
 
  (1      (1
Prior service cost (credit) amortization
               
 
 
 
 
  (1      (1
Actuarial loss (gain) amortization
     34        24    
 
 
 
 
  (2      (1
Net periodic benefit cost (a)
   $ 50      $ 39    
 
 
 
 
$ (3    $ (2
 
(a)
Service cost is included in employee benefits expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income. All other components are included in other noninterest expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income.
 
52
   U.S. Bancorp

 Note 11
 
   Income Taxes
The components of income tax expense were:
 
    
Three Months Ended
March 31
 
(Dollars in Millions)    2020     2019  
Federal
     
Current
   $ 315      $ 220  
Deferred
     (106      116  
Federal income tax
     209        336  
State
     
Current
     70        30  
Deferred
     (19      12  
State income tax
     51        42  
Total income tax provision
   $ 260      $ 378  
A reconciliation of expected income tax expense at the federal statutory rate of 21 percent to the Company’s applicable income tax expense follows:
 
    
    Three Months Ended    
March 31
 
(Dollars in Millions)    2020     2019  
Tax at statutory rate
   $ 302      $ 438  
State income tax, at statutory rates, net of federal tax benefit
     59        84  
Tax effect of
     
Tax credits and benefits, net of related expenses
     (102      (103
Exam resolutions
            (49
Tax-exempt
income
     (29      (32
Other items
     30        40  
Applicable income taxes
   $ 260      $ 378  
The Company’s income tax returns are subject to review and examination by federal, state, local and foreign government authorities. On an ongoing basis, numerous federal, state, local and foreign examinations are in progress and cover multiple tax years. As of March 31, 2020, federal tax examinations for all years ending through December 31, 2010, and years ending December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2014 are completed and resolved. The Company's tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 are under examination by the Internal Revenue Service. The years open to examination by foreign, state and local government authorities vary by jurisdiction.
The Company’s net deferred tax asset was $223 million at March 31, 2020 and $382 million at December 31, 2019.
 
 
U.S. Bancorp
  
53

 Note 12
 
   Derivative Instruments
In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into derivative transactions to manage various risks and to accommodate the business requirements of its customers. The Company recognizes all derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value in other assets or in other liabilities. On the date the Company enters into a derivative contract, the derivative is designated as either a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge, net investment hedge, or a designation is not made as it is a customer-related transaction, an economic hedge for asset/liability risk management purposes or another stand-alone derivative created through the Company’s operations (“free-standing derivative”). When a derivative is designated as a fair value, cash flow or net investment hedge, the Company performs an assessment, at inception and, at a minimum, quarterly thereafter, to determine the effectiveness of the derivative in offsetting changes in the value or cash flows of the hedged item(s).
Fair Value Hedges
These derivatives are interest rate swaps the Company uses to hedge the change in fair value related to interest rate changes of its underlying fixed-rate debt. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as fair value hedges, and changes in the fair value of the hedged items, are recorded in earnings.
Cash Flow Hedges
These derivatives are interest rate swaps the Company uses to hedge the forecasted cash flows from its underlying variable-rate debt. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) until the cash flows of the hedged items are realized. If a derivative designated as
a
 
cash flow hedge is terminated or ceases to be highly effective, the gain or loss in other comprehensive income (loss) is amortized to earnings over the period the forecasted hedged transactions impact earnings. If a hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, hedge accounting is ceased and any gain or loss included in other comprehensive income (loss) is reported in earnings immediately, unless the forecasted transaction is at least reasonably possible of occurring, whereby the amounts remain within other comprehensive income (loss). At March 31, 2020, the Company had $233
 million
(net-of-tax)
of realized and unrealized losses on derivatives classified as cash flow hedges recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), compared with $51
 million
(net-of-tax)
of realized and unrealized
losses
at December 31, 2019. The estimated amount to be reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings during the remainder of 2020 and the next 12 months are losses of $103
 million
(net-of-tax)
and $144
 million
(net-of-tax),
respectively. All cash flow hedges were highly effective for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Net Investment Hedges
 The Company uses forward commitments to sell specified amounts of certain foreign currencies, and
non-derivative
debt instruments, to hedge the volatility of its net investment in foreign operations driven by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The carrying amount of
non-derivative
debt instruments designated as net investment hedges was $1.3 
billion at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
Other Derivative Positions
 The Company enters into free-standing derivatives to mitigate interest rate risk and for other risk management purposes. These derivatives include forward commitments to sell
to-be-announced
securities (“TBAs”) and other commitments to sell residential mortgage loans, which are used to economically hedge the interest rate risk related to mortgage loans held for sale (“MLHFS”) and unfunded mortgage loan commitments. The Company also enters into interest rate swaps, swaptions, forward commitments to buy TBAs, U.S. Treasury and Eurodollar futures and options on U.S. Treasury futures to economically hedge the change in the fair value of the Company’s MSRs. The Company also enters into foreign currency forwards to economically hedge remeasurement gains and losses the Company recognizes on foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. In addition, the Company acts as a seller and buyer of interest rate derivatives and foreign exchange contracts for its customers. The Company mitigates the market and liquidity risk associated with these customer derivatives by entering into similar offsetting positions with broker-dealers, or on a portfolio basis by entering into other derivative or
non-derivative
financial instruments that partially or fully offset the exposure from these customer-related positions. The Company’s customer derivatives and related hedges are monitored and reviewed by the Company’s Market Risk Committee, which establishes policies for market risk management, including exposure limits for each portfolio. The Company also has derivative contracts that are created through its operations, including certain unfunded mortgage loan commitments and swap agreements related to the sale of a portion of its Class B common and preferred shares of Visa Inc. Refer to Note 14 for further information on these swap agreements.
 
     
54
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The following table summarizes the asset and liability management derivative positions of the Company:
 
                                                         
    Asset Derivatives              Liability Derivatives  
(Dollars in Millions)   Notional
Value
     Fair
Value
     Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Maturity In
Years
             Notional
Value
     Fair
Value
     Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Maturity In
Years
 
March 31, 2020
                     
Fair value hedges
                     
Interest rate contracts
                     
Receive fixed/pay floating swaps
  $ 24,200      $        3.61           $      $         
Cash flow hedges
                     
Interest rate contracts
                     
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps
                              8,682        45        2.55  
Net investment hedges
                     
Foreign exchange forward contracts
    58               .04             214        1        .04  
Other economic hedges
                     
Interest rate contracts
                     
Futures and forwards
                     
Buy
    21,970        484        .05             15,091        339        .04  
Sell
    3,542        75        .03             29,313        316        .60  
Options
                     
Purchased
    3,830        87        5.24             200               .51  
Written
    4,201        140        .16             5,873        161        2.36  
Receive fixed/pay floating swaps
    16,135               8.63             2,032               7.09  
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps
    1,827               13.48             10,044               6.03  
Foreign exchange forward contracts
    355        10        .03             350        4        .05  
Equity contracts
    92        4        .28             19        4        .14  
Other (a)
    1,031        29        .01             2,820        181        1.43  
Total
  $ 77,241      $ 829              $ 74,638      $ 1,051     
December 31, 2019
                     
Fair value hedges
                     
Interest rate contracts
                     
Receive fixed/pay floating swaps
  $ 18,300      $        3.89           $ 4,900      $        3.49  
Cash flow hedges
                     
Interest rate contracts
                     
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps
    1,532               6.06             7,150        10        2.11  
Net investment hedges
                     
Foreign exchange forward contracts
                              287        3        .04  
Other economic hedges
                     
Interest rate contracts
                     
Futures and forwards
                     
Buy
    5,409        17        .08             5,477        11        .07  
Sell
    16,333        13        .81             8,113        25        .03  
Options
                     
Purchased
    10,180        79        2.97                            
Written
    1,270        30        .08             4,238        81        2.07  
Receive fixed/pay floating swaps
    4,408               5.99             5,316               13.04  
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps
    1,259               5.67             4,497               6.03  
Foreign exchange forward contracts
    113        1        .05             467        6        .04  
Equity contracts
    128        2        .45             20               1.06  
Other (a)
    34               .01             1,823        165        2.45  
Total
  $ 58,966      $ 142                        $ 42,288      $ 301           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Includes derivative liability swap agreements related to the sale of a portion of the Company’s Class B common and preferred shares of Visa Inc. The Visa swap agreements had a total notional value, fair value and weighted-average remaining maturity of $1.8 billion, $153 million and 2.25 years at March 31, 2020, respectively, compared to $1.8 billion, $165 million and 2.50 years at December 31, 2019, respectively. In addition, includes short-term underwriting purchase and sale commitments with total asset and liability notional values of $1.0 
b
illion at March 31, 2020, and $34 million at December 31, 2019.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
55
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The following table summarizes the customer-related derivative positions of the Company:
 
                                                         
    Asset Derivatives              Liability Derivatives  
(Dollars in Millions)   Notional
Value
     Fair
Value
     Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Maturity In
Years
             Notional
Value
     Fair
Value
     Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Maturity In
Years
 
March 31, 2020
                     
Interest rate contracts
                     
Receive fixed/pay floating swaps
  $ 143,179      $ 4,551        5.29           $ 1,947      $ 5        9.45  
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps
    2,121               8.39             137,866        1,515        5.08  
Other (a)
    6,641        2        3.82             8,423        3        3.42  
Options
                     
Purchased
    59,554        94        1.47             3,624        347        11.56  
Written
    3,722        348        11.41             53,430        67        1.35  
Futures
                     
Buy
    4,324        1        .49                            
Sell
                              5,518        15        1.05  
Foreign exchange rate contracts
                     
Forwards, spots and swaps
    36,781        1,516        .90             36,703        1,497        1.07  
Options
                     
Purchased
    1,345        43        .64                            
Written
                              1,345        43        .64  
Credit contracts
    4,154        12        3.79             6,898        18        4.22  
Total
  $ 261,821      $ 6,567              $ 255,754      $ 3,510     
December 31, 2019
                     
Interest rate contracts
                     
Receive fixed/pay floating swaps
  $ 108,560      $ 1,865        4.83           $ 31,544      $ 88        3.83  
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps
    28,150        30        3.83             101,078        753        4.55  
Other (a)
    6,895        1        3.45             6,218        2        2.98  
Options
                     
Purchased
    46,406        43        2.06             12,804        47        1.25  
Written
    6,901        49        1.93             49,741        41        1.82  
Futures
                     
Buy
    894               .21                            
Sell
    3,874        1        1.18             1,995               1.04  
Foreign exchange rate contracts
                     
Forwards, spots and swaps
    36,350        748        .97             36,671        729        1.07  
Options
                     
Purchased
    1,354        17        .54                            
Written
                              1,354        17        .54  
Credit contracts
    2,879        1        3.28             7,488        5        4.33  
Total
  $ 242,263      $ 2,755                        $ 248,893      $ 1,682           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Primarily represents floating rate interest rate swaps that pay based on differentials between specified interest rate indexes.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below shows the effective portion of the gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) and the gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings
(net-of-tax)
for the three months ended March 31:
 
                                         
   
Gains (Losses)
Recognized in
Other
Comprehensive
Income
(Loss)
            Gains (Losses)
Reclassified from
Other
Comprehensive
Income
(Loss) into Earnings
 
(Dollars in Millions)   2020     2019             2020     2019  
Asset and Liability Management Positions
              
Cash flow hedges
              
Interest rate contracts
  $ (192    $ (55        $ (10    $ 6  
Net investment hedges
              
Foreign exchange forward contracts
    16        2                    
Non-derivative
debt instruments
    25        16                        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note:
The Company does not exclude components from effectiveness testing for cash flow and net investment hedges.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
56
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The table below shows the effect of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting included in interest expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income for the three months ended March 31:
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)   2020     2019  
Total amount of interest expense presented in the Consolidated Statement of Income
   $ 893      $ 1,092  
Asset and Liability Management Positions
     
Fair value hedges
     
Interest rate contract derivatives
     (1,035      (21
Hedged items
     1,028        21  
Cash Flow hedges
     
Interest rate contract derivatives
     13        (8
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note:
The Company does not exclude components from effectiveness testing for fair value and cash flow hedges. The Company did not reclassify gains or losses into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedges during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below shows cumulative hedging adjustments and the carrying amount of assets (liabilities) designated in fair value hedges:
 
                                         
    Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets
(Liabilities)
             Cumulative Hedging Adjustment (a)  
(Dollars in Millions)   March 31, 2020      December 31, 2019              March 31, 2020      December 31, 2019  
Line Item in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
               
Long-term Debt
  $ 25,223      $ 23,195               $ 1,064      $ 35  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
The cumulative hedging adjustment related to discontinued hedging relationships was $(7) million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below shows the gains (losses) recognized in earnings for other economic hedges and the customer-related positions for the three months
 
e
nded March 31:
 
                         
(Dollars in Millions)    Location of Gains (Losses)
Recognized in Earnings
     2020     2019  
Asset and Liability Management Positions
       
Other economic hedges
       
Interest rate contracts
       
Futures and forwards
   
Mortgage banking revenue/
Other noninterest income
     $ (75    $ (17
Purchased and written options
    Mortgage banking revenue        280        67  
Swaps
    Mortgage banking revenue        729        111  
Foreign exchange forward contracts
    Other noninterest income        17        (6
Equity contracts
    Compensation expense        (4      (1
Other
    Other noninterest income        (1      1  
Customer-Related Positions
       
Interest rate contracts
       
Swaps
    Commercial products revenue        (22      20  
Purchased and written options
    Commercial products revenue        17        4  
Futures
    Commercial products revenue        (18      (1
Foreign exchange rate contracts
       
Forwards, spots and swaps
    Commercial products revenue        17        18  
Credit contracts
    Commercial products revenue        18        (3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives are subject to credit risk associated with counterparties to the derivative contracts. The Company measures that credit risk using a credit valuation adjustment and includes it within the fair value of the derivative. The Company manages counterparty credit risk through diversification of its derivative positions among various counterparties, by entering into derivative positions that are centrally cleared through clearinghouses, by entering into master netting arrangements and, where possible, by requiring collateral arrangements. A master netting arrangement allows two counterparties, who have multiple derivative contracts with each other, the ability to net settle amounts under all contracts, including any related collateral, through a single payment and in a single currency. Collateral arrangements generally require the counterparty to deliver collateral (typically cash or U.S. Treasury and agency securities) equal to the Company’s net derivative receivable, subject to minimum transfer and credit rating requirements.
The Company’s collateral arrangements are predominately bilateral and, therefore, contain provisions that require collateralization of the Company’s net liability derivative positions. Required collateral coverage is based on net liability thresholds and may be contingent upon the Company’s credit rating from two of the nationally recognized
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
57
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

statistical rating organizations. If the Company’s credit rating were to fall below credit ratings thresholds established
in
 
the
collateral arrangements, the counterparties to the derivatives could request immediate additional collateral coverage up to and including full collateral coverage for derivatives in a net liability position. The aggregate fair value of all derivatives under collateral arrangements that were in a net liability position at March 31, 2020, was $1.5 
b
illion. At March 31, 2020, the Company had $1.2 
b
illion of cash posted as collateral against this net liability position.
 
     
 
Note 13
 
Netting Arrangements for Certain Financial Instruments and Securities Financing Activities
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company’s derivative portfolio consists of bilateral
over-the-counter
trades, certain interest rate derivatives and credit contracts required to b
e
centrally cleared through clearinghouses per current regulations, and exchange-traded positions which may include U.S. Treasury and Eurodollar futures or options on U.S. Treasury futures. Of the Company’s $669.5
 billion total notional amount of derivative positions at March 31, 2020, $315.7
 billion related to bilateral
over-the-counter
trades, $327.6
 billion related to those centrally cleared through clearinghouses and $26.2
 billion related to those that were exchange-traded. The Company’s derivative contracts typically include offsetting rights (referred to as netting arrangements), and depending on expected volume, credit risk, and counterparty preference, collateral maintenance may be required. For all derivatives under collateral support arrangements, fair value is determined daily and, depending on the collateral maintenance requirements, the Company and a counterparty may receive or deliver collateral, based upon the net fair value of all derivative positions between the Company and the counterparty. Collateral is typically cash, but securities may be allowed under collateral arrangements with certain counterparties. Receivables and payables related to cash collateral are included in other assets and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, along with the related derivative asset and liability fair values. Any securities pledged to counterparties as collateral remain on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Securities received from counterparties as collateral are not recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, unless the counterparty defaults. In general, securities used as collateral can be sold, repledged or otherwise used by the party in possession. No restrictions exist on the use of cash collateral by either party.
Refer to Note 12 for further discussion of the Company’s derivatives, including collateral arrangements.
As part of the Company’s treasury and broker-dealer operations, the Company executes transactions that are treated as securities sold under agreements to repurchase or securities purchased under agreements to resell, both of which are accounted for as collateralized financings. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase include repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions. Securities purchased under agreements to resell include reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowed transactions. For securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company records a liability for the cash received, which is included in short-term borrowings on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. For securities purchased under agreements to resell, the Company records a receivable for the cash paid, which is included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Securities transferred to counterparties under repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions continue to be recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, are measured at fair value, and are included in investment securities or other assets. Securities received from counterparties under reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowed transactions are not recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet unless the counterparty defaults. The securities transferred under repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions typically are U.S. Treasury and agency securities, residential agency mortgage-backed securities or corporate debt securities. The securities loaned or borrowed typically are corporate debt securities traded by the Company’s broker-dealer subsidiary. In general, the securities transferred can be sold, repledged or otherwise used by the party in possession. No restrictions exist on the use of cash collateral by either party. Repurchase/reverse repurchase and securities loaned/borrowed transactions expose the Company to counterparty risk. The Company manages this risk by performing assessments, independent of business line managers, and establishing concentration limits on each counterparty. Additionally, these transactions include collateral arrangements that require the fair values of the underlying securities to be determined daily, resulting in cash being obtained or refunded to counterparties to maintain specified collateral levels.
 
     
58
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The following table summarizes the maturities by category of collateral pledged for repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions:
 
                                         
(Dollars in Millions)   Overnight and
Continuous
     Less Than
30 Days
    
30-89

Days
     Greater Than
90 Days
     Total  
March 31, 2020
             
Repurchase agreements
             
U.S. Treasury and agencies
 
$
185
 
  
$
 
  
$
 
  
$
 
  
$
185
 
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities
 
 
339
 
  
 
276
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
615
 
Corporate debt securities
 
 
845
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
845
 
Total repurchase agreements
 
 
1,369
 
  
 
276
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
1,645
 
Securities loaned
             
Corporate debt securities
 
 
151
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
151
 
Total securities loaned
 
 
151
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
151
 
Gross amount of recognized liabilities
 
$
1,520
 
  
$
276
 
  
$
 
  
$
 
  
$
1,796
 
December 31, 2019
             
Repurchase agreements
             
U.S. Treasury and agencies
 
$
289
 
  
$
 
  
$
 
  
$
 
  
$
289
 
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities
 
 
266
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
266
 
Corporate debt securities
 
 
610
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
610
 
Total repurchase agreements
 
 
1,165
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
1,165
 
Securities loaned
             
Corporate debt securities
 
 
50
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
50
 
Total securities loaned
 
 
50
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
50
 
Gross amount of recognized liabilities
 
$
1,215
 
  
$
 
  
$
 
  
$
 
  
$
1,215
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company executes its derivative, repurchase/reverse repurchase and securities loaned/borrowed transactions under the respective industry standard agreements. These agreements include master netting arrangements that allow for multiple contracts executed with the same counterparty to be viewed as a single arrangement. This allows for net settlement of a single amount on a daily basis. In the event of default, the master netting arrangement provides for
close-out
netting, which allows all of these positions with the defaulting counterparty to be terminated and net settled with a single payment amount.
The Company has elected to offset the assets and liabilities under netting arrangements for the balance sheet presentation of the majority of its derivative counterparties. The netting occurs at the counterparty level, and includes all assets and liabilities related to the derivative contracts, including those associated with cash collateral received or delivered. The Company has not elected to offset the assets and liabilities under netting arrangements for the balance sheet presentation of repurchase/reverse repurchase and securities loaned/borrowed transactions
.
The following tables provide information on the Company’s netting adjustments, and items not offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet but available for offset in the event of default:
 
                                                 
(Dollars in Millions)
 
Gross
Recognized
Assets
    
Gross Amounts
Offset on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet (a)
   
Net Amounts
Presented on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet
     Gross Amounts Not Offset on the
Consolidated Balance Sheet
   
Net Amount
 
   Financial
Instruments (b)
    Collateral
Received (c)
 
March 31, 2020
             
Derivative assets (d)
 
$
7,144
 
  
$
(3,099
 
$
4,045
 
  
$
(147
 
$
(313
 
$
3,585
 
Reverse repurchase agreements
 
 
233
 
  
 
 
 
 
233
 
  
 
(173
 
 
(60
 
 
 
Securities borrowed
 
 
1,583
 
  
 
 
 
 
1,583
 
  
 
 
 
 
(1,555
 
 
28
 
Total
 
$
8,960
 
  
$
(3,099
 
$
5,861
 
  
$
(320
 
$
(1,928
 
$
3,613
 
December 31, 2019
             
Derivative assets (d)
 
$
2,857
 
  
$
(982
 
$
1,875
 
  
$
(80
 
$
(116
 
$
1,679
 
Reverse repurchase agreements
 
 
1,021
 
  
 
 
 
 
1,021
 
  
 
(152
 
 
(869
 
 
 
Securities borrowed
 
 
1,624
 
  
 
 
 
 
1,624
 
  
 
 
 
 
(1,569
 
 
55
 
Total
 
$
5,502
 
  
$
(982
 
$
4,520
 
  
$
(232
 
$
(2,554
 
$
1,734
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Includes $1.5
billion
and $429 million of cash collateral related payables that were netted against derivative assets at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
For derivative assets this includes any derivative liability fair values that could be offset in the event of counterparty default; for reverse repurchase agreements this includes any repurchase agreement payables that could be offset in the event of counterparty default; for securities borrowed this includes any securities loaned payables that could be offset in the event of counterparty default.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
Includes the fair value of securities received by the Company from the counterparty. These securities are not included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet unless the counterparty defaults.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)
Excludes $252
 
million and $40 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, of derivative assets not subject to netting arrangements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
59
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


                                                 
(Dollars in Millions)   Gross
Recognized
Liabilities
     Gross Amounts
Offset on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet (a)
    Net Amounts
Presented on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet
     Gross Amounts Not Offset on the
Consolidated Balance Sheet
       
   Financial
Instruments (b)
    Collateral
Pledged (c)
   
Net Amount
 
March 31, 2020
                                                 
Derivative liabilities (d)
 
$
4,380
 
  
$
(2,852
 
$
1,528
 
  
$
(147
 
$
 
 
$
1,381
 
Repurchase agreements
 
 
1,645
 
  
 
 
 
 
1,645
 
  
 
(173
 
 
(1,472
 
 
 
Securities loaned
 
 
151
 
  
 
 
 
 
151
 
  
 
--
 
 
 
(150
 
 
1
 
Total
 
$
6,176
 
  
$
(2,852
 
$
3,324
 
  
$
(320
 
$
(1,622
 
$
1,382
 
December 31, 2019
             
Derivative liabilities (d)
 
$
1,816
 
  
$
(1,067
 
$
749
 
  
$
(80
 
$
 
 
$
669
 
Repurchase agreements
 
 
1,165
 
  
 
 
 
 
1,165
 
  
 
(152
 
 
(1,012
 
 
1
 
Securities loaned
 
 
50
 
  
 
 
 
 
50
 
  
 
 
 
 
(49
 
 
1
 
Total
 
$
3,031
 
  
$
(1,067
 
$
1,964
 
  
$
(232
 
$
(1,061
 
$
671
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Includes $1.2
b
illion and $514 million of cash collateral related receivables that were netted against derivative liabilities at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
For derivative liabilities this includes any derivative asset fair values that could be offset in the event of counterparty default; for repurchase agreements this includes any reverse repurchase agreement receivables that could be offset in the event of counterparty default; for securities loaned this includes any securities borrowed receivables that could be offset in the event of counterparty default.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
Includes the fair value of securities pledged by the Company to the counterparty. These securities are included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet unless the Company defaults.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)
Excludes $181 million and $167 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, of derivative liabilities not subject to netting arrangements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 Note 14
     Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
The Company uses fair value measurements for the initial recording of certain assets and liabilities, periodic remeasurement of certain assets and liabilities, and disclosures. Derivatives, trading and
available-for-sale
investment securities, MSRs and substantially all MLHFS are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as loans held for sale, loans held for investment and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of
lower-of-cost-or-fair
value accounting or impairment write-downs of individual assets.
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A fair value measurement reflects all of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset and the risk of nonperformance.
The Company groups its assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy for valuation techniques used to measure financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. This hierarchy is based on whether the valuation inputs are observable or unobservable. These levels are:
   
Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 includes U.S. Treasury securities, as well as exchange-traded instruments.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 includes debt securities that are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments and which are typically valued using third party pricing services; derivative contracts and other assets and liabilities, including securities, whose value is determined using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data; and MLHFS whose values are determined using quoted prices for similar assets or pricing models with inputs that are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. This category includes MSRs and certain derivative contracts.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Valuation Methodologies
The valuation methodologies used by the Company to measure financial assets and liabilities at fair value are described below. In addition, the following section includes an indication of the level of the fair value hierarchy in which the assets or liabilities are classified. Where appropriate, the descriptions include information about the valuation models
 
     
60
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

and key inputs to those models. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no significant changes to the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure fair value.
Available-For-Sale
Investment Securities
 When quoted market prices for identical securities are available in an active market, these prices are used to determine fair value and these securities are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Level 1 investment securities include U.S. Treasury and exchange-traded securities.
For other securities, quoted market prices may not be readily available for the specific securities. When possible, the Company determines fair value based on market observable information, including quoted market prices for similar securities, inactive transaction prices, and broker quotes. These securities are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Level 2 valuations are generally provided by a third
-
party pricing service. Level 2 investment securities are predominantly agency mortgage-backed securities, certain other asset-backed securities, obligations of state and political subdivisions and agency debt securities.
Mortgage Loans Held For Sale
 MLHFS measured at fair value, for which an active secondary market and readily available market prices exist, are initially valued at the transaction price and are subsequently valued by comparison to instruments with similar collateral and risk profiles. MLHFS are classified within Level 2. Included in mortgage banking revenue was a net gain of $93 million and $18 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, from the changes to fair value of these MLHFS under fair value option accounting guidance. Changes in fair value due to instrument specific credit risk were immaterial. Interest income for MLHFS is measured based on contractual interest rates and reported as interest income on the Consolidated Statement of Income. Electing to measure MLHFS at fair value reduces certain timing differences and better matches changes in fair value of these assets with changes in the value of the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without the burden of complying with the requirements for hedge accounting.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
 MSRs are valued using a discounted cash flow methodology, and are classified within Level 3. The Company determines fair value of the MSRs by projecting future cash flows for different interest rate scenarios using prepayment rates and other assumptions, and discounts these cash flows using a risk adjusted rate based on option adjusted spread levels. There is minimal observable market activity for MSRs on comparable portfolios and, therefore, the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment. Refer to Note 6 for further information on MSR valuation assumptions.
Derivatives
The majority of derivatives held by the Company are executed
over-the-counter
or centrally cleared through clearinghouses and are valued using market standard cash flow valuation techniques. The models incorporate inputs, depending on the type of derivative, including interest rate curves, foreign exchange rates and volatility. All derivative values incorporate an assessment of the risk of counterparty nonperformance, measured based on the Company’s evaluation of credit risk including external assessments of credit risk. The Company monitors and manages its nonperformance risk by considering its ability to net derivative positions under master netting arrangements, as well as collateral received or provided under collateral arrangements. Accordingly, the Company has elected to measure the fair value of derivatives, at a counterparty level, on a net basis. The majority of the derivatives are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, as the significant inputs to the models, including nonperformance risk, are observable. However, certain derivative transactions are with counterparties where risk of nonperformance cannot be observed in the market and, therefore, the credit valuation adjustments result in these derivatives being classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
The Company also has other derivative contracts that are created through its operations, including commitments to purchase and originate mortgage loans and swap agreements executed in conjunction with the sale of a portion of its Class B common and preferred shares of Visa Inc. (the “Visa swaps”). The mortgage loan commitments are valued by pricing models that include market observable and unobservable inputs, which result in the commitments being classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The unobservable inputs include assumptions about the percentage of commitments that actually become a closed loan and the MSR value that is inherent in the underlying loan value. The Visa swaps require payments by either the Company or the purchaser of the Visa Inc. Class B common and preferred shares when there are changes in the conversion rate of the Visa Inc. Class B common and preferred shares to Visa Inc. Class A common and preferred shares, respectively, as well as quarterly payments to the purchaser based on specified terms of the agreements. Management reviews and updates the Visa swaps fair value in conjunction with its review of Visa Inc. related litigation contingencies, and the associated escrow funding. The expected litigation resolution impacts the Visa Inc. Class B common share to Visa Inc. Class A common share conversion rate, as well as
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
61
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

the ultimate termination date for the Visa swaps. Accordingly, the Visa swaps are classified within Level 3. Refer to Note 15 for further information on the Visa Inc. restructuring and related card association litigation.
Significant Unobservable Inputs of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities
The following section provides information to facilitate an understanding of the uncertainty in the fair value measurements for the Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. This section includes a description of the significant inputs used by the Company and a description of any interrelationships between these inputs. The discussion below excludes nonrecurring fair value measurements of collateral value used for impairment measures for loans and OREO. These valuations utilize third
-
party appraisal or broker price opinions, and are classified as Level 3 due to the significant judgment involved.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s MSRs are expected prepayments and the option adjusted spread that is added to the risk-free rate to discount projected cash flows. Significant increases in either of these inputs in isolation would have resulted in a significantly lower fair value measurement. Significant decreases in either of these inputs in isolation would have resulted in a significantly higher fair value measurement. There is no direct interrelationship between prepayments and option adjusted spread. Prepayment rates generally move in the opposite direction of market interest rates. Option adjusted spread is generally impacted by changes in market return requirements.
The following table shows the significant valuation assumption ranges for MSRs at March 31, 2020:
 
                         
     Minimum     Maximum     Weighted
Average (a)
 
Expected prepayment
    13     23     20
Option adjusted spread
    6       8       7  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Determined based on the relative fair value of the related mortgage loans serviced.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives
The Company has two distinct Level 3 derivative portfolios: (i) the Company’s commitments to purchase and originate mortgage loans that meet the requirements of a derivative and (ii) the Company’s asset/liability and customer-related derivatives that are Level 3 due to unobservable inputs related to measurement of risk of nonperformance by the counterparty. In addition, the Company’s Visa swaps are classified within Level 3.
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s derivative commitments to purchase and originate mortgage loans are the percentage of commitments that actually become a closed loan and the MSR value that is inherent in the underlying loan value. A significant increase in the rate of loans that close would have resulted in a larger derivative asset or liability. A significant increase in the inherent MSR value would have resulted in an increase in the derivative asset or a reduction in the derivative liability. Expected loan close rates and the inherent MSR values are directly impacted by changes in market rates and will generally move in the same direction as interest rates.
The following table shows the significant valuation assumption ranges for the Company’s derivative commitments to purchase and originate mortgage loans at March 31, 2020:
 
                         
     Minimum     Maximum     Weighted
Average (a)
 
Expected loan close rate
    4     100     71
Inherent MSR value (basis points per loan)
    43       179       102  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Determined based on the relative fair value of the related mortgage loans.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of certain of the Company’s asset/liability and customer-related derivatives is the credit valuation adjustment related to the risk of counterparty nonperformance. A significant increase in the credit valuation adjustment would have resulted in a lower fair value measurement. A significant decrease in the credit valuation adjustment would have resulted in a higher fair value measurement. The credit valuation adjustment is impacted by changes in market rates, volatility, market implied credit spreads, and loss recovery rates, as well as the Company’s assessment of the counterparty’s credit position. At March 31, 2020, the minimum, maximum and weighted
-
average credit valuation adjustment as a percentage of the derivative contract fair value prior to adjustment was 0 percent, 1,203 percent and 1 percent, respectively.
 
     
62
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Visa swaps are management’s estimate of the probability of certain litigation scenarios, and the timing of the resolution of the related litigation loss estimates in excess, or shortfall, of the Company’s proportional share of escrow funds. An increase in the loss estimate or a delay in the resolution of the related litigation would have resulted in an increase in the derivative liability. A decrease in the loss estimate or an acceleration of the resolution of the related litigation would have resulted in a decrease in the derivative liability.
The following table summarizes the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 
                                         
(Dollars in Millions)   Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Netting     Total  
March 31, 2020
            
Available-for-sale
securities
            
U.S. Treasury and agencies
  $ 18,136      $ 973      $      $     $ 19,109  
Mortgage-backed securities
            
Residential agency
           94,109                     94,109  
Commercial agency
           2,624                     2,624  
Asset-backed securities
            
Collateralized debt obligations/Collateralized loan obligations
                  2              2  
Other
           368        6              374  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
           7,452        2              7,454  
Obligations of foreign governments
           5                     5  
Corporate debt securities
           4                     4  
Total
available-for-sale
    18,136        105,535        10              123,681  
Mortgage loans held for sale
           4,580                     4,580  
Mortgage servicing rights
                  1,887              1,887  
Derivative assets
    1        4,034        3,091        (3,099     4,297  
Other assets
    175        2,804                     2,979  
Total
    18,312      $ 117,223        4,988      $ (3,099   $ 137,424  
Derivative liabilities
  $ 35      $ 3,931      $ 595      $ (2,852   $ 1,709  
Short-term borrowings and other liabilities (a)
    109        1,505                     1,614  
Total
  $ 144      $ 5,436      $ 595      $ (2,852   $ 3,323  
December 31, 2019
            
Available-for-sale
securities
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agencies
  $ 18,986      $ 853      $      $     $ 19,839  
Mortgage-backed securities
            
Residential agency
           94,111                     94,111  
Commercial agency
           1,453                     1,453  
Asset-backed securities
            
Collateralized debt obligations/Collateralized loan obligations
                  1              1  
Other
           375        7              382  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
           6,813        1              6,814  
Obligations of foreign governments
           9                     9  
Corporate debt securities
           4                     4  
Total
available-for-sale
    18,986        103,618        9              122,613  
Mortgage loans held for sale
           5,533                     5,533  
Mortgage servicing rights
                  2,546              2,546  
Derivative assets
    9        1,707        1,181        (982     1,915  
Other assets
    312        1,563                     1,875  
Total
  $ 19,307      $ 112,421      $ 3,736      $ (982   $ 134,482  
Derivative liabilities
  $      $ 1,612      $ 371      $ (1,067   $ 916  
Short-term borrowings and other liabilities (a)
    50        1,578                     1,628  
Total
  $ 50      $ 3,190      $ 371      $ (1,067   $ 2,544  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note:
Excluded from the table above are equity investments without readily determinable fair values. The Company has elected to carry these investments at historical cost, adjusted for impairment and any changes resulting from observable price changes for identical or similar investments of the issuer. The aggregate carrying amount of these equity investments was $89 million and $91 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 respectively.
The Company has not recorded impairments or adjustments for observable price changes on these equity investments during the first three months of 2020 and 2019, or on a cumulative basis.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Primarily represents the Company’s obligation on securities sold short required to be accounted for at fair value per applicable accounting guidance.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
6
3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The following table presents the changes in fair value for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31:
 
                                                                                         
(Dollars in Millions)   Beginning
of Period
Balance
    Net Gains
(Losses)
Included in
Net Income
    Net Gains
(Losses)
Included in
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Purchases     Sales     Principal
Payments
    Issuances     Settlements     Transfers
into
Level 3
   
End
of Period
Balance
   
Net Change
in Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
Relating to
Assets and
Liabilities
Held at End
of Period
 
2020
                     
Available-for-sale
securities
                     
Asset-backed securities
                     
Collateralized debt obligations/Collateralized loan obligations
  $ 1     $     $
1
    $     $     $     $     $     $     $ 2     $ 1  
Other
    7            
(1
)
                                        6       (1
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    1            
1
                                          2       1  
Total
available-for-sale
    9            
1
                                          10       1  
Mortgage servicing rights
    2,546       (866 )  (a)            5       1             201   (c)                  1,887       (866 ) (a) 
Net derivative assets and liabilities
    810       1,742
 
  (b) 
          4                  
      (60           2,496       1,726   (d) 
2019
                     
Mortgage servicing rights
 
$
2,791    
$
(214 ) (a)   
$
   
$
1    
$
   
$
   
$
78   (c)   
$
   
$
   
$
2,656    
$
(214 ) (a) 
Net derivative assets and liabilities
    80       363   (e)            1       (7                 18             455       424   (f) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Included in mortgage banking revenue.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Approximately $1,385 million included in other noninterest income and $357 million included in mortgage banking revenue.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
Represents MSRs capitalized during the period.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)
Approximately $1,512 million included in other noninterest income and $214 million included in mortgage banking revenue.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(e)
Approximately $280 million included in other noninterest income and $83 million included in mortgage banking revenue.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(f)
Approximately $388 million included in other noninterest income and $36 million included in mortgage banking revenue.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company is also required periodically to measure certain other financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These measurements of fair value usually result from the application of
lower-of-cost-or-fair
value accounting or write-downs of individual assets.
The following table summarizes the balances as of the measurement date of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, and still held as of the reporting date:
 
                                                                         
    March 31, 2020              December 31, 2019  
(Dollars in Millions)   Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total              Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  
Loans (a)
  $      $      $ 12      $ 12           $      $      $ 136      $ 136  
 
Other assets (b)
                  15        15                               46        46  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Represents the carrying value of loans for which adjustments were based on the fair value of the collateral, excluding loans fully
charged-off.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Primarily represents the fair value of foreclosed properties that were measured at fair value based on an appraisal or broker price opinion of the collateral subsequent to their initial acquisition.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes losses recognized related to nonrecurring fair value measurements of individual assets or portfolios for the three months ended March 31:
 
                 
(Dollars in Millions)   2020      2019  
Loans (a)
  $ 5      $ 44  
Other assets (b)
    3        3  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Represents write-downs of loans which were based on the fair value of the collateral, excluding loans fully
charged-off.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Primarily represents related losses of foreclosed properties that were measured at fair value subsequent to their initial acquisition.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
64
   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Fair Value Option
The following table summarizes the differences between the aggregate fair value carrying amount of MLHFS for which the fair value option has been elected and the aggregate unpaid principal amount that the Company is contractually obligated to receive at maturity:
 
                                                         
    March 31, 2020              December 31, 2019  
(Dollars in Millions)   Fair
Value
Carrying
Amount
     Aggregate
Unpaid
Principal
     Carrying
Amount Over
(Under) Unpaid
Principal
             Fair
Value
Carrying
Amount
     Aggregate
Unpaid
Principal
     Carrying
Amount Over
(Under) Unpaid
Principal
 
Total loans
  $ 4,580      $ 4,358      $ 222           $ 5,533      $ 5,366      $ 167  
Nonaccrual loans
    1        1                    1        1         
Loans 90 days or more past due
    1        1                        1        1         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following section summarizes the estimated fair value for financial instruments accounted for at amortized cost as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. In accordance with disclosure guidance related to fair values of financial instruments, the Company did not include assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments, such as the value of goodwill, long-term relationships with deposit, credit card, merchant processing and trust customers, other purchased intangibles, premises and equipment, deferred taxes and other liabilities. Additionally, in accordance with the disclosure guidance, receivables and payables due in one year or less, insurance contracts, equity investments not accounted for at fair value, and deposits with no defined or contractual maturities are excluded.
The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are shown in the table below:
 
                                                                                                         
    March 31, 2020      December 31, 2019  
   
Carrying
Amount
           Fair Value            
Carrying
Amount
            Fair Value  
(Dollars in Millions)   Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total             Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  
Financial Assets
                                
Cash and due from banks
  $ 46,805       $ 46,805     $     $     $ 46,805          $ 22,405        $ 22,405      $      $      $ 22,405  
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
    236               236             236            1,036                 1,036               1,036  
Loans held for sale (a)
    43                     43       43            45                        43        43  
Loans
    312,089                     317,824       317,824            292,082                        297,241        297,241  
Other
    2,334               1,459       875       2,334            1,923                 929        994        1,923  
 
Financial Liabilities
                                
Time deposits
    42,472               42,116             42,116            42,894                 42,831               42,831  
Short-term borrowings (b)
    24,730               24,471             24,471            22,095                 21,961              21,961  
Long-term debt
    52,298               52,371             52,371            40,167                 41,077               41,077  
Other
    3,512                     1,316       2,196       3,512                3,678                       1,342        2,336        3,678  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Excludes mortgages held for sale for which the fair value option under applicable accounting guidance was elected.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Excludes the Company’s obligation on securities sold short required to be accounted for at fair value per applicable accounting guidance.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The fair value of unfunded commitments, deferred
non-yield
related loan fees, standby letters of credit and other guarantees is approximately equal to their carrying value. The carrying value of unfunded commitments, deferred
non-yield
related loan fees and standby letters of credit was $445 million and $528 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The carrying value of other guarantees was $303 million and $200 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
 
     
 Note 15
     Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Visa Restructuring and Card Association Litigation
 The Company’s payment services business issues credit and debit cards and acquires credit and debit card transactions through the Visa U.S.A. Inc. card association or its affiliates (collectively “Visa”). In 2007, Visa completed a restructuring and issued shares of Visa Inc. common stock to its financial institution members in contemplation of its initial public offering (“IPO”) completed in the first quarter of 2008 (the “Visa Reorganization”). As a part of the Visa Reorganization, the Company received its proportionate number of shares of Visa Inc. common stock, which were subsequently converted to Class B shares of Visa Inc. (“Class B shares”).
Visa U.S.A. Inc. (“Visa U.S.A.”) and MasterCard International (collectively, the “Card Associations”) are defendants in antitrust lawsuits challenging the practices of the Card Associations (the “Visa Litigation”). Visa U.S.A.
 
     
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65
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

member banks have a contingent obligation to indemnify Visa Inc. under the Visa U.S.A. bylaws (which were modified at the time of the restructuring in October 2007) for potential losses arising from the Visa Litigation. The indemnification by the Visa U.S.A. member banks has no specific maximum amount. Using proceeds from its IPO and through reductions to the conversion ratio applicable to the Class B shares held by Visa U.S.A. member banks, Visa Inc. has funded an escrow account for the benefit of member financial institutions to fund their indemnification obligations associated with the Visa Litigation. The receivable related to the escrow account is classified in other liabilities as a direct offset to the related Visa Litigation contingent liability.
In October 2012, Visa signed a settlement agreement to resolve class action claims associated with the multi-district interchange litigation pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York (the “Multi-District Litigation”). The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed the approval of that settlement and remanded the matter to the district court. In September 2018, Visa signed a new settlement agreement, superseding the original settlement agreement, to resolve class action claims associated with the Multi-District Litigation. The new settlement is still subject to court approval.
Other Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities
The following table is a summary of other guarantees and contingent liabilities of the Company at March 31, 2020:
 
                         
(Dollars in Millions)   Collateral
Held
     Carrying
Amount
     Maximum
Potential
Future
Payments
 
Standby letters of credit
  $      $ 62      $ 10,159  
Third party borrowing arrangements
                  9  
Securities lending indemnifications
    4,717               4,579  
Asset sales
           75        4,911  (a) 
Merchant processing
    850        141        104,466  
Tender option bond program guarantee
    3,092               2,796  
Other
           87        1,425  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
The maximum potential future payments do not include loan sales where the Company provides standard representation and warranties to the buyer against losses related to loan underwriting documentation defects that may have existed at the time of sale that generally are identified after the occurrence of a triggering event such as delinquency. For these types of loan sales, the maximum potential future payments is generally the unpaid principal balance of loans sold measured at the end of the current reporting period. Actual losses will be significantly less than the maximum exposure, as only a fraction of loans sold will have a representation and warranty breach, and any losses on repurchase would generally be mitigated by any collateral held against the loans.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Merchant Processing
The Company, through its subsidiaries, provides merchant processing services. Under the rules of credit card associations, a merchant processor retains a contingent liability for credit card transactions processed. This contingent liability arises in the event of a billing dispute between the merchant and a cardholder that is ultimately resolved in the cardholder’s favor. In this situation, the transaction is “charged-back” to the merchant and the disputed amount is credited or otherwise refunded to the cardholder. If the Company is unable to collect this amount from the merchant, it bears the loss for the amount of the refund paid to the cardholder.
The Company currently processes card transactions in the United States, Canada and
Europe
through wholly-owned subsidiaries and a network of other financial institutions. In the event a merchant was unable to fulfill product or services subject to future delivery, such as airline tickets, the Company could become financially liable for refunding the purchase price of such products or services purchased through the credit card associations under the charge-back provisions. Charge-back risk related to these merchants is evaluated in a manner similar to credit risk assessments and, as such, merchant processing contracts contain various provisions to protect the Company in the event of default. At March 31, 2020, the value of airline tickets purchased to be delivered at a future date through card transactions processed by the Company was $8.7 billion. The Company held collateral of $502 million in escrow deposits, letters of credit and indemnities from financial institutions, and liens on various assets. In addition to specific collateral or other credit enhancements, the Company maintains a liability for its implied guarantees associated with future delivery. At March 31, 2020, the liability was $115 million primarily related to these airline processing arrangements.
Asset Sales
The Company regularly sells loans to GSEs as part of its mortgage banking activities. The Company provides customary representations and warranties to GSEs in conjunction with these sales. These representations and warranties generally require the Company to repurchase assets if it is subsequently determined that a loan did not meet specified criteria, such as a documentation deficiency or rescission of mortgage insurance. If the Company is unable to cure or refute a repurchase request, the Company is generally obligated to repurchase the loan or otherwise reimburse
 
     
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   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

the
GSE
for losses. At March 31, 2020, the Company had reserved $14 million for potential losses from representation and warranty obligations, compared with $9 million at December 31, 2019. The Company’s reserve reflects management’s best estimate of losses for representation and warranty obligations. The Company’s repurchase reserve is modeled at the loan level, taking into consideration the individual credit quality and borrower activity that has transpired since origination. The model applies credit quality and economic risk factors to derive a probability of default and potential repurchase that are based on the Company’s historical loss experience, and estimates loss severity based on expected collateral value. The Company also considers qualitative factors that may result in anticipated losses differing from historical loss trends.
As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $14 million and $10 million, respectively, of unresolved representation and warranty claims from GSEs. The Company does not have a significant amount of unresolved claims from investors other than GSEs.
Litigation and Regulatory Matters
The Company is subject to various litigation and regulatory matters that arise in the ordinary course of its business. The Company establishes reserves for such matters when potential losses become probable and can be reasonably estimated. The Company believes the ultimate resolution of existing legal and regulatory matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of the Company. However, in light of the uncertainties inherent in these matters, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of one or more of these matters may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results from operations for a particular period, and future changes in circumstances or additional information could result in additional accruals or resolution in excess of established accruals, which could adversely affect the Company’s results from operations, potentially materially.
R
esidential Mortgage-Backed Securities Litigation
Starting in 2011, the Company and other large financial institutions have been sued in their capacity as trustee for residential mortgage–backed securities trusts. In the lawsuits brought against the Company, the investors allege that the Company’s banking subsidiary, U.S. Bank National Association (“U.S. Bank”), as trustee caused them to incur substantial losses by failing to enforce loan repurchase obligations and failing to abide by appropriate standards of care after events of default allegedly occurred. The plaintiffs in these matters seek monetary damages in unspecified amounts and most also seek equitable relief.
Regulatory Matters
The Company is continually subject to examinations, inquiries and investigations in areas of heightened regulatory scrutiny, such as compliance, risk management, third-party risk management and consumer protection. For example, the Company is currently subject to examinations, inquiries and investigations by government agencies and bank regulators concerning mortgage-related practices, including those related to lender-placed insurance, and notices and filings in bankruptcy cases. The Company is cooperating fully with all pending examinations, inquiries and investigations, any of which could lead to administrative or legal proceedings or settlements. Remedies in these proceedings or settlements may include fines, penalties, restitution or alterations in the Company’s business practices (which may increase the Company’s operating expenses and decrease its revenue).
In February 2018, the Company entered into a deferred prosecution agreement (the “DPA”) with the United States Attorney’s Office in Manhattan that resolved its investigation of the Company concerning a legacy banking relationship between U.S. Bank and payday lending businesses associated with a former customer and U.S. Bank’s legacy Bank Secrecy Act/anti-money laundering compliance program. The DPA deferred prosecution for a period of two years, subject to the Company’s compliance with its terms, which included ongoing efforts to implement and maintain an adequate Bank Secrecy Act/anti-money laundering compliance program. The United States Attorney’s Office filed a motion to dismiss all charges under the DPA with the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and that motion was granted by the court on February 13, 2020.
In related actions taken in February 2018, the Company and one of its affiliates entered into a regulatory settlement with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) and U.S. Bank entered into a regulatory settlement with the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCEN”). In December 2019, the Federal Reserve terminated the order that it had entered into with the Company and its affiliate and thereby terminated the ongoing obligations under that settlement. Additionally, U.S. Bank’s ongoing obligations under its settlement agreement with FinCEN expired on February 22, 2020, in accordance with the terms of that agreement.
Outlook
Due to their complex nature, it can be years before litigation and regulatory matters are resolved. The Company may be unable to develop an estimate or range of loss where matters are in early stages, there are significant
 
     
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factual or legal issues to be resolved, damages are unspecified or uncertain, or there is uncertainty as to a litigation class being certified or the outcome of pending motions, appeals or proceedings. For those litigation and regulatory matters where the Company has information to develop an estimate or range of loss, the Company believes the upper end of the range of reasonably possible losses in aggregate, in excess of any reserves established for matters where a loss is considered probable, will not be material to its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The Company’s estimates are subject to significant judgment and uncertainties, and the matters underlying the estimates will change from time to time. Actual results may vary significantly from the current
 
estimates
.
The Company’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic and current adverse economic conditions, including the Company’s participation in the government-sponsored lending and other programs created in response to the pandemic, may lead to future litigation and governmental and regulatory inquiries and investigations. Any of these types of matters could negatively impact the Company’s business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations.
 
     
 Note 16
 
   Business Segments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Within the Company, financial performance is measured by major lines of business based on the products and services provided to customers through its distribution channels. These operating segments are components of the Company about which financial information is prepared and is evaluated regularly by management in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company has five reportable operating segments:
Corporate and Commercial Banking
Corporate and Commercial Banking offers lending, equipment finance and small-ticket leasing, depository services, treasury management, capital markets services, international trade services and other financial services to middle market, large corporate, commercial real estate, financial institution,
non-profit
and public sector clients.
Consumer and Business Banking
Consumer and Business Banking delivers products and services through banking offices, telephone servicing and sales,
on-line
services, direct mail, ATM processing and mobile devices. It encompasses community banking, metropolitan banking and indirect lending, as well as mortgage banking.
Wealth Management and Investment Services
Wealth Management and Investment Services provides private banking, financial advisory services, investment management, retail brokerage services, insurance, trust, custody and fund servicing through four businesses: Wealth Management, Global Corporate Trust & Custody, U.S. Bancorp Asset Management and Fund Services.
Payment Services
Payment Services includes consumer and business credit cards, stored-value cards, debit cards, corporate, government and purchasing card services, consumer lines of credit and merchant processing.
Treasury and Corporate Support
Treasury and Corporate Support includes the Company’s investment portfolios, funding, capital management, interest rate risk management, income taxes not allocated to business segments, including most investments in
tax-advantaged
projects, and the residual aggregate of those expenses associated with corporate activities that are managed on a consolidated basis.
 
     
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   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Basis of Presentation
Business segment results are derived from the Company’s business unit profitability reporting systems by specifically attributing managed balance sheet assets, deposits and other liabilities and their related income or expense. The allowance for credit losses and related provision expense are allocated to the business segments based on the related loan balances managed. Goodwill and other intangible assets are assigned to the business segments based on the mix of business of an entity acquired by the Company. Within the Company, capital levels are evaluated and managed centrally; however, capital is allocated to the business segments to support evaluation of business performance. Business segments are allocated capital on a risk-adjusted basis considering economic and regulatory capital requirements. Generally, the determination of the amount of capital allocated to each business segment includes credit allocations following a Basel III regulatory framework. Interest income and expense is determined based on the assets and liabilities managed by the business segment. Because funding and asset liability management is a central function, funds transfer-pricing methodologies are utilized to allocate a cost of funds used or credit for funds provided to all business segment assets and liabilities, respectively, using a matched funding concept. Also, each business unit is allocated the taxable-equivalent benefit of
tax-exempt
products. The residual effect on net interest income of asset/liability management activities is included in Treasury and Corporate Support. Noninterest income and expenses directly managed by each business segment, including fees, service charges, salaries and benefits, and other direct revenues and costs are accounted for within each segment’s financial results in a manner similar to the consolidated financial statements. Occupancy costs are allocated based on utilization of facilities by the business segments. Generally, operating losses are charged to the business segment when the loss event is realized in a manner similar to a loan
charge-off.
Noninterest expenses incurred by centrally managed operations or business segments that directly support another business segment’s operations are charged to the applicable business segment based on its utilization of those services, primarily measured by the volume of customer activities, number of employees or other relevant factors. These allocated expenses are reported as net shared services expense within noninterest expense. Certain activities that do not directly support the operations of the business segments or for which the business segments are not considered financially accountable in evaluating their performance are not charged to the business segments. The income or expenses associated with these corporate activities is reported within the Treasury and Corporate Support business segment. Income taxes are assessed to each business segment at a standard tax rate with the residual tax expense or benefit to arrive at the consolidated effective tax rate included in Treasury and Corporate Support.
Designations, assignments and allocations change from time to time as management systems are enhanced, methods of evaluating performance or product lines change or business segments are realigned to better respond to the Company’s diverse customer base. During 2020, certain organization and methodology changes were made and, accordingly, 2019 results were restated and presented on a comparable basis.
 
     
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Business segment results for the three months ended March 31 were as follows:
 
                                                                 
   
Corporate and
Commercial Banking
            
Consumer and
Business Banking
             Wealth Management and
Investment Services
 
(Dollars in Millions)   2020      2019              2020      2019              2020      2019  
Condensed Income Statement
                            
Net interest income (taxable-equivalent basis)
  $ 797      $ 778           $ 1,541      $ 1,581           $ 283      $ 293  
Noninterest income
    274        208             757        535             464        430  
Securities gains (losses), net
                                                          
Total net revenue
    1,071        986             2,298        2,116             747        723  
Noninterest expense
    429        420             1,344        1,266             444        432  
Other intangibles
           1                 4        5                 3        3  
Total noninterest expense
    429        421                 1,348        1,271                 447        435  
Income before provision and income taxes
    642        565             950        845             300        288  
Provision for credit losses
    425        23                 123        70                 23        (3
Income before income taxes
    217        542             827        775             277        291  
Income taxes and taxable-equivalent adjustment
    54        136                 207        194                 69        73  
Net income
    163        406             620        581             208        218  
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
                                                          
Net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp
  $ 163      $ 406               $ 620      $ 581               $ 208      $ 218  
Average Balance Sheet
                            
Loans
  $ 103,397      $ 98,702           $ 146,704      $ 141,795           $ 10,594      $ 9,818  
Other earning assets
    4,555        3,168             4,967        2,389             281        245  
Goodwill
    1,647        1,647             3,475        3,475             1,617        1,617  
Other intangible assets
    7        9             2,405        2,882             44        54  
Assets
    115,404        107,338             161,750        154,720             13,936        13,183  
     
Noninterest-bearing deposits
    29,329        30,211             27,986        26,574             13,184        13,275  
Interest-bearing deposits
    80,704        71,223                 133,802        127,303                 68,702        54,135  
Total deposits
    110,033        101,434             161,788        153,877             81,886        67,410  
     
Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders’ equity
    15,815        15,346                 14,929        14,998                 2,465        2,442  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                 
   
Payment
Services
           
Treasury and
Corporate Support
           
Consolidated
Company
 
(Dollars in Millions)   2020      2019             2020     2019             2020     2019  
Condensed Income Statement
                       
Net interest income (taxable-equivalent basis)
  $ 652     $ 617          $ (26    $ 17           $ 3,247     $ 3,286  
Noninterest income
    794  (a)      851  (a)           186        262             2,475
 
 
(b) 
    2,286
 
 (b) 
Securities gains (losses), net
                         50        5                 50       5  
Total net revenue
    1,446       1,468            210        284             5,772  
 
(c) 
    5,577
 
 (c) 
Noninterest expense
    731       722            326        207             3,274       3,047  
Other intangibles
    35       31                                       42       40  
Total noninterest expense
    766       753                326        207                 3,316       3,087  
Income before provision and income taxes
    680       715            (116      77             2,456       2,490  
Provision for credit losses
    262       286                160        1                 993       377  
Income before income taxes
    418       429            (276      76             1,463       2,113  
Income taxes and taxable-equivalent adjustment
    105       107                (151      (105               284       405  
Net income
    313       322            (125      181             1,179       1,708  
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
                         (8      (9              
(8
)
    (9
Net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp
  $ 313     $ 322              $ (133    $ 172               $ 1,171     $ 1,699  
Average Balance Sheet
                       
Loans
  $ 33,688     $ 32,414          $ 3,274      $ 3,381           $ 297,657     $ 286,110  
Other earning assets
    399       448            139,863        127,134             150,065       133,384  
Goodwill
    2,811       2,814            144                    9,694       9,553  
Other intangible assets
    535       513            28                    3,019       3,458  
Assets
    38,562       38,615            165,155        149,543             494,807       463,399  
     
Noninterest-bearing deposits
    1,402       1,157            2,241        2,216             74,142       73,433  
Interest-bearing Deposits
    114       111                5,340        9,161                 288,662       261,933  
Total deposits
    1,516       1,268            7,581        11,377             362,804       335,366  
     
Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders’ equity
    6,081       5,974                11,856        12,829                 51,146       51,589  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Presented net of related rewards and rebate costs and certain partner payments of $530 million and $529 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
Includes revenue generated from certain contracts with customers of $1.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019
.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
The Company, as a lessor, originates retail and commercial leases either directly to the consumer or indirectly through dealer networks. Under these arrangements, the Company recorded $238 million and $239 million of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, primarily consisting of interest income on sales-type and direct financing leases.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
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   U.S. Bancorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

     
 Note 17
 
   Subsequent Events
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company has evaluated the impact of events that have occurred subsequent to March 31, 2020 through the date the consolidated financial statements were filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Based on this evaluation, the Company has determined none of these events were required to be recognized or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and related notes.
 
     
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U.S. Bancorp
Consolidated Daily Average Balance Sheet and Related Yields and Rates (a)
 
                                                                                                         
    For the Three Months Ended March 31        
    2020      2019                 
(Dollars in Millions)
(Unaudited)
  Average
Balances
    Interest              Yields
and
Rates
            Average
Balances
            Interest              Yields
and
Rates
                   % Change
Average
Balances
 
Assets
                                      
Investment securities
  $ 120,843     $ 706           2.34        $ 114,179        $ 720           2.52            5.8
Loans held for sale
    4,748       44           3.75            2,132          25           4.73              *  
Loans (b)
                                      
Commercial
    105,987       941           3.57            101,960          1,076           4.28              3.9  
Commercial real estate
    40,078       428           4.30            39,470          489           5.03              1.5  
Residential mortgages
    70,892       663           3.74            65,582          654           4.00              8.1  
Credit card
    23,836       659           11.11            22,597          671           12.04              5.5  
Other retail
    56,864       632           4.47            56,501                665           4.77              .6  
Total loans
    297,657       3,323           4.49            286,110          3,555           5.03              4.0  
Other earning assets
    24,474       69           1.14            17,073                81           1.93              43.3  
Total earning assets
    447,722       4,142           3.71            419,494          4,381           4.22              6.7  
Allowance for loan losses
    (5,588                  (3,982                       (40.3
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment securities
    1,426                    (1,043                       *  
Other assets
    51,247                    48,930                         4.7  
Total assets
  $ 494,807                  $ 463,399                         6.8  
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
                                      
Noninterest-bearing deposits
  $ 74,142                  $ 73,433                         1.0
Interest-bearing deposits
                                      
Interest checking
    77,359       39           .21            72,177          62           .35              7.2  
Money market savings
    121,946       311           1.02            99,432          375           1.53              22.6  
Savings accounts
    48,048       26           .22            45,216          24           .21              6.3  
Time deposits
    41,309       149           1.46            45,108                234           2.10              (8.4
Total interest-bearing deposits
    288,662       525           .73            261,933          695           1.08              10.2  
Short-term borrowings
    20,253       73           1.45            18,368          96           2.12              10.3  
Long-term debt
    43,846       297           2.73            41,855                304           2.94              4.8  
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    352,761       895           1.02            322,156          1,095           1.38              9.5  
Other liabilities
    16,128                    15,592                         3.4  
Shareholders' equity
                                      
Preferred equity
    5,984                    5,984                          
Common equity
    45,162                    45,605                         (1.0
Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders' equity
    51,146                    51,589                         (.9
Noncontrolling interests
    630                    629                         .2  
Total equity
    51,776                    52,218                         (.8
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 494,807                  $ 463,399                         6.8  
Net interest income
    $ 3,247                     $ 3,286                 
Gross interest margin
            2.69                         2.84             
Gross interest margin without taxable-equivalent increments
            2.67                         2.81             
Percent of Earning Assets
                                    
Interest income
            3.71                     4.22         
Interest expense
            .80                           1.06               
Net interest margin
            2.91                         3.16             
Net interest margin without taxable-equivalent increments
                              2.89                                                 3.13             
 
*
Not meaningful
(a)
Interest and rates are presented on a fully taxable-equivalent basis based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent.
(b)
Interest income and rates on loans include loan fees. Nonaccrual loans are included in average loan balances.
 
     
72
   U.S. Bancorp

Part II — Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
 — See the information set forth in Note 15 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1 of this Report, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
 — There are a number of factors that may adversely affect the Company’s business, financial results or stock price. These risks are described elsewhere in this report or the Company’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019. Additional risks that the Company currently does not know about or currently views as immaterial may also impair the Company’s business or adversely impact its financial results or stock price.
There are no material changes from the risk factors set forth under Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2019, other than the addition of the following risk factor:
The Company’s business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations have been, and will likely continue to be, adversely affected by the
COVID-19
pandemic
The
COVID-19
pandemic has created economic and financial disruptions that have adversely affected, and are likely to continue to adversely affect, the Company’s business, financial condition, capital, liquidity and results of operations. The Company cannot predict at this time the extent to which it will continue to be negatively affected by the
COVID-19
pandemic. The extent of any continued or future adverse effects of the
COVID-19
pandemic will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and outside the Company’s control, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, the direct and indirect impact of the pandemic on the Company’s employees, clients, counterparties and service providers, as well as other market participants, and actions taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the pandemic.
Many of the Company’s counterparties and third-party service providers have been, and may further be, affected by
“stay-at-home”
orders, market volatility and other factors that increase their risks of business disruption or that may otherwise affect their ability to perform under the terms of any agreements with the Company or provide essential services. As a result, the Company’s operational and other risks are generally expected to increase until the pandemic subsides. In addition, the Company’s business operations may be disrupted if significant portions of its workforce are unable to work effectively, including because of illness, quarantines, government actions, or other restrictions in connection with the pandemic. The Company has already temporarily closed certain of its offices and reduced operating hours and/or lobby services at its branches. The Company may also face heightened cybersecurity, information security or other operational risks resulting from alternative working arrangements of its employees.
In response to the pandemic and to support its customers, the Company is offering fee waivers, payment deferrals and other expanded assistance to credit card, automobile, mortgage, small business and personal lending customers, including committing in certain states in which it operates, to suspend mortgage payments and foreclosure sales for financially impacted customers for certain periods of time. The Company anticipates that a significant number of its customers will seek to suspend their mortgage payments under these programs. Suspensions of mortgage payments and foreclosures and reduced pricing under these programs may adversely affect the Company’s revenue and results of operations. In addition, if these or other measures provided by the Company are not effective in mitigating the financial consequences of
COVID-19
on customers, including providing loans under various newly created government-sponsored lending programs such as the Paycheck Protection Program, the Company may experience higher rates of default and increased credit losses in future periods.
Certain industries where the Company has credit exposure, including the transportation industry, and in particular air travel, have experienced significant operational challenges as a result of
COVID-19.
These negative effects have resulted in a number of corporate lending clients making higher than usual draws on outstanding lines of credit, which may negatively affect the Company’s liquidity if current economic conditions persist. The economic effects of
COVID-19
may also cause the Company’s commercial customers to be unable to pay their loans as they come due or decrease the value of collateral, which the Company expects would cause significant increases in its credit losses. In addition, the Company could be exposed to further losses in its role as merchant processor of credit card transactions, as under the rules of credit card associations, a merchant processor retains a contingent liability for credit card transactions processed. In the event a merchant was unable to fulfill product or services subject to future delivery, such as airline tickets, the Company could become financially liable for refunding to the cardholders the purchase price of such products or services purchased through credit card associations, in the event the merchant was not able to do so.
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
73

Net interest income is significantly affected by market rates of interest. The significant reductions to the federal funds rate have led to a decrease in the rates and yields on U.S. Treasury securities, in some cases declining below zero. If interest rates are reduced further in response to
COVID-19,
the Company’s net interest income could continue to decline, perhaps significantly. The overall effect of lower interest rates cannot be predicted at this time and depends on future actions the Federal Reserve may take to increase or reduce the targeted federal funds rate in response to the
COVID-19
pandemic and resulting economic conditions.
The Company, through its subsidiaries, provides credit and debit card, corporate payments products and merchant processing services. Revenues from its payment services businesses depend on consumer and business credit card spending, including at many small and
medium-sized
businesses. Due to responses to
COVID-19,
including
stay-at-home
orders that require businesses other than those defined as essential to close and for consumers to remain at home unless they are engaged in essential activities, consumer and business credit card spending has significantly declined. If these conditions persist, the Company expects to experience adverse effects on its payment services businesses. This negative effect could continue after the pandemic subsides if a substantial number of businesses were to close permanently as a result of
COVID-19’s
economic effects or if consumer and business spending were to remain depressed.
The effects of the
COVID-19
pandemic on economic and market conditions have increased demands on the Company’s liquidity as it meets its customers’ needs. In addition, these adverse developments may negatively affect its capital and leverage ratios. In March 2020, the Company announced that it was suspending stock repurchases through the second quarter of 2020 to preserve capital and liquidity in order to support customers, employees and shareholders. The
COVID-19
pandemic may cause the Company to further reduce capital distributions and/or extend the suspension of its share repurchase program, and although not currently contemplated, reduce or suspend its common stock dividend.
Governmental authorities worldwide have taken unprecedented measures to stabilize the markets and support economic growth. The success of these measures is unknown and they may not be sufficient to address the negative economic effects of
COVID-19
or avert severe and prolonged reductions in economic activity.
Other negative effects of
COVID-19
and the resulting economic and market disruptions, including customer disputes, litigation and governmental and regulatory scrutiny of response actions taken by the Company, that may impact the Company’s business, reputation, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations cannot be predicted at this time. However, it is likely that the Company’s business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations will continue to be adversely affected until the pandemic subsides and the domestic economy begins to recover. Further, the
COVID-19
pandemic may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the Company’s 2019 Annual Report on Form
10-K.
Until the pandemic subsides, the Company expects continued draws on lines of credit, reduced revenues from its lending businesses, increased credit losses in its lending portfolios and decreased revenue from its payments businesses. Even after the pandemic subsides, it is possible that the domestic and other major global economies continue to experience a prolonged recession, which the Company expects would adversely affect its business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations, potentially materially.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
— Refer to the “Capital Management” section within Management’s Discussion and Analysis in Part I, Item 2 of this Report for information regarding shares repurchased by the Company during the first quarter of 2020.
 
     
74
   U.S. Bancorp

Item 6. Exhibits
 
         
 
    3.1
  Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 19, 2020).
      
 
  31.1
  Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
  31.2
  Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
  32
  Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350 as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
101.INS
  XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
 
101.SCH
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
101.CAL
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
101.DEF
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
 
101.LAB
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
101.PRE
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 
104
  The cover page of U.S. Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, formatted in Inline XBRL (included within the Exhibit 101 attachments).
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
75

SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
             
    U.S. BANCORP
    By:   /s/    LISA R. STARK
   
 
Dated: May 7, 2020      
Lisa R. Stark
Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)
 
     
76
   U.S. Bancorp

EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
RULE 13a-14(a)
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
I, Andrew Cecere, certify that:
 
(1)
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
of U.S. Bancorp;
 
(2)
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
(3)
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
(4)
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(e)
and
15d-15(e))
and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(f)
and
15d-15(f))
for the registrant and have:
 
  (a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
  (b)
designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
  (c)
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
  (d)
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
 
(5)
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
  (a)
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
  (b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
 
/s/     ANDREW CECERE
Andrew Cecere
Chief Executive Officer
Dated: May 7, 2020
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
77

EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
RULE 13a-14(a)
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
I, Terrance R. Dolan, certify that:
 
(1)
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
of U.S. Bancorp;
 
(2)
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
(3)
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
(4)
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(e)
and
15d-15(e))
and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(f)
and
15d-15(f))
for the registrant and have:
 
  (a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
  (b)
designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
  (c)
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
  (d)
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
 
(5)
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
  (a)
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
  (b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
 
/s/     TERRANCE R. DOLAN
Terrance R. Dolan
Chief Financial Officer
Dated: May 7, 2020
 
     
78
   U.S. Bancorp

EXHIBIT 32
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of U.S. Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), do hereby certify that:
 
(1)
The Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (the “Form
10-Q”)
of the Company fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
 
(2)
The information contained in the Form
10-Q
fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
         
     
/s/    ANDREW CECERE     /s/    TERRANCE R. DOLAN
Andrew Cecere
Chief Executive Officer
 
Dated: May 7, 2020
   
Terrance R. Dolan
Chief Financial Officer
 
     
U.S. Bancorp   
79

Corporate Information
Executive Offices
U.S. Bancorp
800 Nicollet Mall
Minneapolis, MN 55402
Common Stock Transfer Agent and Registrar
Computershare acts as our transfer agent and registrar, dividend paying agent and dividend reinvestment plan administrator, and maintains all shareholder records for the Company. Inquiries related to shareholder records, stock transfers, changes of ownership, lost stock certificates, changes of address and dividend payment should be directed to the transfer agent at:
Computershare
P.O. Box 505000
Louisville, KY 40233
Phone:
888-778-1311
or
201-680-6578
(international calls)
Internet: www.computershare.com/investor
Registered or Certified Mail:
Computershare
462 South 4
th
Street, Suite 1600
Louisville, KY 40202
Telephone representatives are available weekdays from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Central Time, and automated support is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Specific information about your account is available on Computershare’s Investor Center website.
Independent Auditor
Ernst & Young LLP serves as the independent auditor for U.S. Bancorp’s financial statements.
Common Stock Listing and Trading
U.S. Bancorp common stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol USB.
Dividends and Reinvestment Plan
U.S. Bancorp currently pays quarterly dividends on our common stock on or about the 15th day of January, April, July and October, subject to approval by our Board of Directors. U.S. Bancorp shareholders can choose to participate in a plan that provides automatic reinvestment of dividends and/or optional cash purchase of additional shares of U.S. Bancorp common stock. For more information, please contact our transfer agent, Computershare.
Investor Relations Contact
Jennifer A. Thompson, CFA
Executive Vice President, Investor Relations
jen.thompson@usbank.com
Phone:
612-303-0778
or
866-775-9668
Financial Information
U.S. Bancorp news and financial results are available through our website and by mail.
Website
 For information about U.S. Bancorp, including news, financial results, annual reports and other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, visit usbank.com and click on
About Us
.
Mail
At your request, we will mail to you our quarterly earnings, news releases, quarterly financial data reported on
Form 10-Q,
Form 10-K
and additional copies of our annual reports. Please contact:
U.S. Bancorp Investor Relations
800 Nicollet Mall
Minneapolis, MN 55402
investorrelations@usbank.com
Phone:
866-775-9668
Media Requests
David R. Palombi
Global Chief Communications Officer
Public Affairs and Communications
david.palombi@usbank.com
Phone:
612-303-3167
Privacy
U.S. Bancorp is committed to respecting the privacy of our customers and safeguarding the financial and personal information provided to us. To learn more about the U.S. Bancorp commitment to protecting privacy, visit usbank.com and click on
Privacy
.
Code of Ethics
At U.S. Bancorp, our commitment to high ethical standards guides everything we do. Demonstrating this commitment through our words and actions is how each of us does the right thing every day for our customers, shareholders, communities and each other. Our ethical culture has been recognized by the Ethisphere Institute, which again named us to its World’s Most Ethical Companies
®
list.
For details about our Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, visit usbank.com and click on
About Us
and then
Investor Relations
and then
Corporate Governance
.
Diversity and Inclusion
At U.S. Bancorp, embracing diversity, championing equity and fostering inclusion are business imperatives. We view everything we do through a diversity, equity and inclusion lens to deepen our relationships with our stakeholders: our employees, customers, shareholders and communities.
Our employees bring their whole selves to work. We respect and value each other’s differences, strengths and perspectives, and we strive to reflect the communities we serve. This makes us stronger, more innovative and more responsive to our diverse customers’ needs.
Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action
U.S. Bancorp and our subsidiaries are committed to providing Equal Employment Opportunity to all employees and applicants for employment. In keeping with this commitment, employment decisions are made based on abilities, not race, color, religion, creed, citizenship, national origin or ancestry, gender, age, disability, veteran status, sexual orientation, marital status, gender identity or expression, genetic information or any other factors protected by law. The Company complies with municipal, state and federal fair employment laws, including regulations applying to federal contractors.
U.S. Bancorp, including each of our subsidiaries, is an equal opportunity employer committed to creating a diverse workforce.
Accessibility
U.S. Bancorp is committed to providing ready access to our products and services so all of our customers, including people with disabilities, can succeed financially. To learn more, visit usbank.com and click on
Accessibility.
 
 
 
 
         
 
    This report has been produced on recycled paper.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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