TTOO T2 Biosystems Inc

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Nature of Business

T2 Biosystems, Inc. and its subsidiary (the “Company,” “we,” or “T2”) have operations based in Lexington, Massachusetts. T2 Biosystems, Inc. was incorporated on April 27, 2006 as a Delaware corporation. The Company is an in vitro diagnostics company that has developed an innovative and proprietary technology platform that offers a rapid, sensitive and simple alternative to existing diagnostic methodologies. The Company is using its T2 Magnetic Resonance technology (“T2MR”) to develop a broad set of applications aimed at lowering mortality rates, improving patient outcomes and reducing the cost of healthcare by helping medical professionals make targeted treatment decisions earlier. T2MR enables rapid detection of pathogens, biomarkers and other abnormalities in a variety of unpurified patient sample types, including whole blood, plasma, serum, saliva, sputum, cerebral spinal fluid and urine, and can detect cellular targets at limits of detection as low as one colony forming unit per milliliter (“CFU/mL”). The Company’s initial development efforts target sepsis, which is an area of significant unmet medical need in which existing therapies could be more effective with improved diagnostics. On September 22, 2014, the Company received market clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) for its first two products, the T2Dx^® Instrument (the “T2Dx”) and T2Candida^® Panel (“T2Candida”). On May 24, 2018, the Company received market clearance from the FDA for its T2Bacteria^® Panel (“T2Bacteria”). On February 6, 2019, the FDA granted the Company’s T2Resistance^TM Panel (“T2Resistance”) designation as a Breakthrough Device. On August 2, 2019, the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) granted approval for a New Technology Add-on Payment (NTAP) for the T2Bacteria Panel for fiscal year 2020 and in September 2020, CMS extended the approval for 2021. On November 20, 2019, the Company’s T2Resistance Panel was granted a CE-Mark. On June 30, 2020, the Company announced the U.S. launch of its COVID-19 molecular diagnostic test, the T2SARS-CoV-2 Panel, after validation of the test meeting the FDA’s requirements for an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA). In August 2020, the FDA issued EUA for the Company’s T2SARS-CoV-2 Panel. The test is designed to detect the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a nasopharyngeal swab sample.    

Liquidity and Going Concern

At March 31, 2021, the Company had cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash of $43.9 million, an accumulated deficit of $433.6 million, stockholders’ deficit of $0.6 million, and has experienced cash outflows from operating activities over the past years. The future success of the Company is dependent on its ability to successfully commercialize its products, obtain regulatory clearance for and successfully launch its future product candidates, obtain additional capital and ultimately attain profitable operations. Historically, the Company has funded its operations primarily through its August 2014 initial public offering, its December 2015 public offering, its September 2016 private investment in public equity (“PIPE”) financing, its September 2017 public offering, its June 2018 public offering, its July 2019 establishment of an Equity Distribution Agreement and Equity Purchase Agreement (Note 7), private placements of redeemable convertible preferred stock and through debt financing arrangements. 

The Company is subject to a number of risks similar to other early commercial stage life science companies, including, but not limited to commercially launching the Company’s products, development and market acceptance of the Company’s product candidates, development by its competitors of new technological innovations, protection of proprietary technology, and raising additional capital.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted and may continue to impact operations. The Company has established protocols for continued manufacturing, distribution and servicing of its products with safe social distancing and personal protective equipment measures and for remote work for certain employees not essential to on-site operations. To date these measures have been mostly successful but may not continue to function should the pandemic escalate and impact personnel. The Company’s hospital customers have restricted the sales team’s access to their facilities and as a result, the Company had significantly reduced its sales and general and administrative staffing levels at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce expenses. Although the Company did not see any material impact to accounts receivable during the period ended March 31, 2021, the Company’s exposure may increase if its customers are adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Customers may reduce their purchases of products, depending on their needs and cash flow, which could negatively impact revenue. The Company has a significant development contract with BARDA and should BARDA reduce, cancel or not grant additional milestone projects, the Company’s ability to continue its future product development may be impacted. The ability of the Company’s shipping carriers to deliver products to customers may be disrupted. The Company has reviewed its suppliers and quantities of key materials and believes that it has sufficient stocks and alternate sources of critical materials including personal protective equipment should the supply chains become disrupted, although raw materials for the manufacturing of reagents is in high demand, and interruptions in supply are difficult to predict. As further described in Note 5, at the onset of the pandemic, the Company believed the pandemic’s impact on its sales would affect the recoverability of the value of T2-owned instruments and components. In early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic also caused the Company to reassess its build plan and evaluate its inventories accordingly, which resulted in an additional charge to cost of product revenue for excess inventories.

Since FDA authorization was obtained to market the T2Dx Instrument, T2Candida Panel, and T2Bacteria Panel, and EUA was issued for the T2SARS-CoV-2 Panel, the Company has incurred significant commercialization expenses related to product sales, marketing, manufacturing and distribution. The Company may seek to fund its operations through public equity, private equity or debt financings, as well as other sources. However, the Company may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed, on favorable terms, or at all. The Company’s failure to raise capital or enter into such other arrangements if and when needed would have a negative impact on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and the Company’s ability to develop and commercialize T2Dx, T2Candida, T2Bacteria, T2SARS-CoV-2, and other product candidates.

Pursuant to the requirements of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 205-40, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, management must evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. This evaluation initially does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists under this methodology, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued, and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued.

While the Company believes that its cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash of $43.9 million at March 31, 2021 will be sufficient to fund its current operating plan at least one year from issuance of these financial statements, certain elements of our operating plan cannot be considered probable. Under ASC 205-40, the future receipt of potential funding from Co-Development partners and other resources cannot be considered probable at this time because none of the plans are entirely within the Company’s control. During the year ended December 31, 2020, management implemented a cost improvement strategy which is focused on reducing operating expenses and improving cost of goods sold.

The Term Loan Agreement with CRG Servicing LLC (“CRG”) (Note 6) has certain covenants which require the Company to achieve certain annual revenue targets, whereby the Company is required to pay double the amount of any shortfall as an acceleration of principal payments, and maintain a minimum cash balance of $5.0 million. Although it is probable that the Company will achieve the revenue target for the twenty-four month period ended December 31, 2021, there are no assurances that it will achieve that target. Should the Company fail to meet the revenue target, it would seek a waiver of this provision. There can be no assurances that the Company would be successful in obtaining a waiver. If the Company is unsuccessful in obtaining a waiver, it would pay the cure amount set forth under the Term Loan Agreement. While management believes the Company can continue as a going concern for at least one year from issuance of these financial statements, there can be no assurances that it will continue to be in compliance with the cash covenant in future periods without additional funding.

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These conditions raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Management's plans to alleviate the conditions that raise substantial doubt include raising additional funding, earning payments pursuant to the Company’s Co-Development agreements, delaying certain research projects and capital expenditures and eliminating certain future operating expenses in order to fund operations at reduced levels for the Company to continue as a going concern for a period of 12 months from the date the financial statements are issued. Management has concluded the likelihood that its plan to successfully obtain sufficient funding from one or more of these sources or adequately reduce expenditures, while reasonably possible, is less than probable. Accordingly, the Company has concluded that substantial doubt exists about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least 12 months from the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of the uncertainties described above.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative United States GAAP as defined in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, T2 Biosystems Securities Corporation. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.  

Reclassification

Customer service personnel provide customer product support as well as field installation, training and T2Dx system maintenance. Time spent in the field servicing customers with service maintenance contracts and for installation and training is considered services and included in cost of goods sold. Time spent providing customer support is now considered a commercial support activity and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Previously, customer support was considered a development phase activity and was included in research and development expense. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassification increased selling, general and administrative expenses by $0.2 million and decreased research and development expenses by $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The reclassification had no impact on total costs and expenses, loss from operations, net loss or net loss per share.  

Unaudited Interim Financial Information

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the Company’s annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted. Accordingly, these interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2021, the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ (deficit) equity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 and the related financial data and other information disclosed in these notes are unaudited. The unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited annual financial statements, and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2021, and the results of its operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 and its cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021, any other interim periods, or any future year or period.

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Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. The Company views its operations and manages its business in one operating segment, which is the business of developing and, upon regulatory clearance, commercializing its diagnostic products aimed at lowering mortality rates, improving patient outcomes and reducing the cost of healthcare by helping medical professionals make targeted treatment decisions earlier.

Geographic Information

The Company sells its products domestically and internationally. Total international sales were approximately $0.5 million or 7% of total revenue and $0.4 million or 17% of total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, no international customer represented greater than 10% of total revenue.

The Company derived approximately 33% of its total revenue from one customer for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 59% of its total revenue from the same customer for the three months ended March 31, 2020. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company derived approximately 19% of its total revenue from a second customer. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, no other customers represented greater than 10% of the Company’s total revenue.

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had outstanding receivables of $0.5 million from customers located outside of the U.S.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted-average number of shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period, determined using the treasury-stock method. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, stock options and unvested restricted stock and restricted stock contingently issuable upon achievement of certain market conditions are considered to be common stock equivalents, but have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share, as their effect would be anti-dilutive for all periods presented. Therefore, basic and diluted net loss per share applicable to common stockholders was the same for all periods presented.

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Marketable Securities

The Company’s marketable securities typically consist of certificates of deposit and U.S. treasury securities, which are classified as available-for-sale and included in current and non-current assets. Available-for-sale debt securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of stockholders’ (deficit) equity in accumulated other comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses, if any, are included in other income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Available-for-sale securities are reviewed for possible impairment at least quarterly, or more frequently if circumstances arise that may indicate impairment. When the fair value of the securities declines below the amortized cost basis, impairment is indicated and it must be determined whether it is other than temporary. Impairment is considered to be other than temporary if the Company: (i) intends to sell the security, (ii) will more likely than not be forced to sell the security before recovering its cost, or (iii) does not expect to recover the security’s amortized cost basis. If the decline in fair value is considered other than temporary, the cost basis of the security is adjusted to its fair market value and the realized loss is reported in earnings. Subsequent increases or decreases in fair value are reported as a component of stockholders’ (deficit) equity in accumulated other comprehensive income. There were no other-than-temporary unrealized losses as of March 31, 2021.

The following table summarizes the Company’s marketable securities at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

The following table summarizes the maturities of the Company’s marketable securities at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

Guarantees

As permitted under Delaware law, the Company indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while each such officer or director is, or was, serving at the Company’s request in such capacity. The term of the indemnification is the officer’s or director’s lifetime. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make is unlimited; however, the Company has directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage that limits its exposure and enables the Company to recover a portion of any future amounts paid.

The Company leases office, laboratory and manufacturing space under noncancelable operating leases. The Company has standard indemnification arrangements under the leases that require it to indemnify the landlords against all costs, expenses, fines, suits, claims, demands, liabilities, and actions directly resulting from any breach, violation or nonperformance of any covenant or condition of the Company’s leases.

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In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into indemnification agreements with certain suppliers and business partners where the Company has certain indemnification obligations limited to the costs, expenses, fines, suits, claims, demands, liabilities and actions directly resulting from the Company’s gross negligence or willful misconduct, and in certain instances, breaches, violations or nonperformance of covenants or conditions under the agreements.

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had not experienced any material losses related to these indemnification obligations, and no material claims with respect thereto were outstanding. The Company does not expect significant claims related to these indemnification obligations and, consequently, concluded that the fair value of these obligations is negligible, and no related reserves were established.

Leases

Pursuant to Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”), at the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present. Leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets, lease liabilities and long-term lease liabilities. The Company has elected not to recognize on the balance sheet leases with terms of one year or less. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our discretion and the renewal to extend the lease terms are not included in the Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as they are not reasonably certain of exercise. The Company will evaluate the renewal options and when they are reasonably certain of exercise, the Company will include the renewal period in its lease term. Operating lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected remaining lease term. However, certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as prepaid or accrued lease payments. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable. As a result, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rates, which are the rates incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.

In accordance with the guidance in ASC 842, components of a lease should be split into three categories: lease components (e.g. land, building, etc.), non-lease components (e.g. common area maintenance, consumables, etc.), and non-components (e.g. property taxes, insurance, etc.). Then the fixed and in-substance fixed contract consideration (including any related to non-components) must be allocated based on the respective relative fair values to the lease components and non-lease components.

The Company made the policy election to not separate lease and non-lease components. Each lease component and the related non-lease components are accounted for together as a single component.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenue from the sale of instruments, consumable diagnostic tests, related services, reagent rental agreements and government contributions. Pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), the Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these goods and services.

Once a contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606 at contract inception, the Company reviews the contract to determine which performance obligations the Company must deliver and which of these performance obligations are distinct. The Company recognizes as revenues the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when the performance obligation is satisfied or as it is satisfied. Generally, the Company's performance obligations are transferred to customers at a point in time, typically upon shipment, or over time, as services are performed.

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Product revenue is generated by the sale of instruments and consumable diagnostic tests predominantly through the Company’s direct sales force in the United States and distributors in geographic regions outside the United States. The Company does not offer product return or exchange rights (other than those relating to defective goods under warranty) or price protection allowances to its customers, including its distributors. Payment terms granted to distributors are the same as those granted to end-user customers and payments are not dependent upon the distributors’ receipt of payment from their end-user customers.

The Company either sells instruments to customers and international distributors, or retains title and places the instrument at the customer site pursuant to a reagent rental agreement. When an instrument is purchased by a customer or international distributor, the Company recognizes revenue when the related performance obligation is satisfied (i.e. when the control of an instrument has passed to the customer; typically, at shipping point).

When the instrument is placed under a reagent rental agreement, the Company’s customers generally agree to fixed term agreements, which can be extended, and incremental charges on each consumable diagnostic test purchased. Revenue from the sale of consumable diagnostic tests (under a reagent rental agreement) is generally recognized upon shipment. The transaction price from consumables purchases is allocated between the lease of the instrument (under a contingent rent methodology as provided for in ASC 842, Leases), and the consumables when related performance obligations are satisfied, as a component of lease and product revenue, and is included as Instrument Rentals in the below table. Revenue associated with reagent rental consumables purchases is currently classified as variable consideration and constrained until a purchase order is received and related performance obligations have been satisfied.  

Revenue from the sale of consumable diagnostic tests (under instrument purchase agreements) is generally recognized upon shipment.

Shipping and handling costs billed to customers in connection with a product sale are recorded as a component of the transaction price and allocated to product revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as they are incurred by the Company in fulfilling its performance obligations.

Direct sales of instruments include warranty, maintenance and technical support services typically for one year following the installation of the purchased instrument (“Maintenance Services”). Maintenance Services are separate performance obligations as they are service based warranties and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the service delivery period. After the completion of the initial Maintenance Services period, customers have the option to renew or extend the Maintenance Services typically for additional one-year periods in exchange for additional consideration. The extended Maintenance Services are also service based warranties that represent separate purchasing decisions. The Company recognizes revenue allocated to the extended Maintenance Services performance obligation on a straight-line basis over the service delivery period.  

Fees paid to member-owned group purchasing organizations (“GPOs”) are deducted from related product revenues.

The Company warrants that consumable diagnostic tests will be free from defects, when handled according to product specifications, for the stated life of the product. To fulfill valid warranty claims, the Company provides replacement product free of charge. Accordingly, the Company accrues warranty expense associated with the estimated defect rates of the consumable diagnostic tests.

Pursuant to ASU No. 2018-08, Not-For-Profit Entities – Clarifying the Scope and the Accounting Guidance for Contributions Received and Contributions Made (“ASU 2018-08”), grants received, including cost reimbursement agreements, are assessed to determine if the agreement should be accounted for as an exchange transaction or a contribution. An agreement is accounted for as a contribution if the resource provider does not receive commensurate value in return for the assets transferred. Contribution revenue is recognized when all donor-imposed conditions have been met.

The Company has a significant development contract with BARDA and should BARDA reduce, cancel or not grant additional milestone projects, the Company’s ability to continue our future product development may be impacted. Refer to Note 11 for further details regarding the development contract with BARDA.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company disaggregates

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revenue from contracts with customers by type of products and services, as it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The following table disaggregates our revenue by major source (in thousands):

Remaining Performance Obligations

Under ASC 606, the Company is required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price that is allocated to unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations as of March 31, 2021. However, the guidance provides certain practical expedients that limit this requirement, and therefore, the Company has elected to not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. The nature of the excluded unsatisfied performance obligations pursuant to the practical expedient include consumable shipments, service contracts, warranties and installation services that will be performed within one year. The amount of the transaction price that is allocated to unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations, that has not yet been recognized as revenue and that does not meet the elected practical expedient is $0.6 million as of March 31, 2021. The Company expects to recognize 52% of this amount as revenue within one year and the remainder within two years.

Significant Judgments

Certain contracts with customers include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment. Once the performance obligations are determined, the Company determines the transaction price, which includes estimating the amount of variable consideration, based on the most likely amount, to be included in the transaction price, if any. The Company then allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract based on a relative standalone selling price method. The corresponding revenue is recognized as the related performance obligations are satisfied as discussed in the revenue categories above.

Judgment is required to determine the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation. The Company determines standalone selling price based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the standalone selling price taking into account available information such as a range of selling prices, market conditions and the expected costs and margin related to the performance obligations.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The Company did not record any contract assets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.  

The Company’s contract liabilities consist of upfront payments for research and development contracts and maintenance services on instrument sales. Contract liabilities are classified in deferred revenue as current or noncurrent based on the timing of when revenue is expected to be recognized. Contract liabilities were $0.6 million and $0.6 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2021 relating to contract liabilities at December 31, 2020 was immaterial and related to straight-line revenue recognition associated with maintenance agreements.  

Cost to Obtain and Fulfill a Contract

The Company capitalizes commission expenses paid to sales personnel that are recoverable and incremental to obtaining capital purchase agreements within the United States. These costs are classified as prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets, based on their current or non-current nature, respectively. The Company capitalizes only those costs that are determined to be incremental and would not have occurred absent the customer contract. These capitalized costs are amortized as selling, general and administrative costs on a straight line basis over the expected period of benefit. These costs are reviewed periodically for impairment.

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At March 31, 2021, the Company capitalized costs to fulfill contracts of $0.1 million in prepaid and other current assets and $0.1 million in other non-current assets. At December 31, 2020, the Company capitalized costs to fulfill contracts of $0.1 million in prepaid and other current assets and $0.1 million in other non-current assets.

Cost of Product Revenue

Cost of product revenue includes the cost of materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead costs used in the manufacture of consumable diagnostic tests sold to customers, related warranty and license and royalty fees. Cost of product revenue also includes depreciation on T2-owned revenue generating T2Dx instruments that have been placed with customers under reagent rental agreements; costs of materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead costs on the T2Dx instruments sold to customers; and other costs such as customer support costs, royalties and license fees, warranty and repair and maintenance expense on the T2Dx instruments that have been placed with customers under reagent rental agreements.

Research and Development Costs

Costs incurred in the research and development of the Company’s product candidates are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses consist of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including activities associated with performing services under research revenue arrangements, costs associated with the enhancements of developed products and include salaries and benefits, stock compensation, research‑related facility and overhead costs, laboratory supplies, equipment and contract services.

Recent Accounting Standards

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

Accounting Standards Adopted

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes: Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which eliminates certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The new guidance also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2021. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Accounting Standards Issued, Not Adopted

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)—Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity's Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”), which simplifies accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity. The standard is effective for smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this new standard will have on its financial statements.

In May 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options (“ASU 2021-04”) which clarifies and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options that remain equity classified after a modification or exchange. This standard is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity should apply this standard prospectively to modifications or exchanges occurring on or after the effective date of this standard. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this new standard will have on its financial statements.

3. Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures the following financial assets at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during any of the periods presented. The following tables set forth the Company’s financial assets and

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liabilities carried at fair value categorized using the lowest level of input applicable to each financial instrument as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

The Company’s cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable securities are comprised of certificates of deposit and government securities. Securities are classified as cash equivalents when the original maturities are within 90 days of the purchase dates. The Company also maintains money market accounts classified as restricted cash for $0.6 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (Note 4).

The Company has a single compound derivative related to its Term Loan Agreement with CRG (the “Term Loan Agreement”) (Note 6), which is required to be re-measured at fair value on a quarterly basis.

The fair value of the derivative at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is $0.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively, and is classified as a non-current liability on the balance sheet at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 to match the classification of the related Term Loan Agreement (Note 6). While the Company’s fair value assessment as of March 31, 2021 assessed the likelihood of paying contingent interest as remote within the next twelve months and as of the date of this filing the Company continues to assess and believes the probability is remote that the contingent interest will commence within the next twelve months which, accordingly, provided for the non-current classification of the derivative liability. Management continues to reassess at each balance sheet and filing date based on facts and circumstances and can provide no assurances regarding the probability of payment of the contingent interest in future periods.    

The estimated fair value of the derivative at March 31, 2021 was determined using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model that includes contingent interest payments under the following scenario:

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The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of the derivative liability (in thousands):

4. Restricted Cash

The Company is required to maintain security deposits for its operating lease agreements for the duration of the lease agreements. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had money market accounts for $0.6 million, which represented collateral as security deposits for its operating lease agreements for two facilities.

5. Supplemental Balance Sheet Information

Construction in progress is primarily comprised of equipment that has not been placed in service. T2-owned instruments and components is comprised of raw materials and work-in-process inventory that are expected to be used or used to produce T2-owned instruments, based on the Company’s business model and forecast, and completed instruments that will be used for internal research and development, clinical studies or reagent rental agreements with customers. At March 31, 2021, there was $0.4 million of raw materials or work-in-process inventory in T2-owned instruments and components compared with $0.3 million at December 31, 2020. Completed T2-owned instruments are placed in service once installation procedures are completed and are depreciated over five years. Depreciation expense for T2-owned instruments placed at customer sites pursuant to reagent rental agreements is recorded as a component of cost of product revenue and was immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and totaled approximately $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

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Depreciation expense for T2-owned instruments used for internal research and development and clinical studies is recorded as a component of research and development expense. Depreciation and amortization expense of $0.4 million and $0.5 million was charged to operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company believed the pandemic would reduce product sales and impair the ability to recover the cost of the T2-owned instruments and components. The Company assessed the impact on the related cash flows of the T2-owned instruments and reduced the respective carrying values by $0.6 million as of March 31, 2020, which is recorded as cost of product revenue impairment expense.

Included within other accrued expenses in the table above, at December 31, 2020, is $0.2 million from the Second Amendment to Employment Agreement with John McDonough (the “Transition Agreement”) (Note 13) related to Mr. McDonough’s transition payments and health benefits. At March 31, 2021, the remaining payments associated with the Transition Agreement payments were immaterial.

6. Notes Payable

Future principal payments on the notes payable are as follows (in thousands):

The Term Loan Agreement with CRG is classified as a non-current liability at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 as the Company has sufficient cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of the date of this filing such that the minimum liquidity covenant would not be triggered even upon default of the revenue covenant at December 31, 2021.

 The Term Loan Agreement includes a subjective acceleration clause whereby an event of default, including a material adverse change in the business, operations, or conditions (financial or otherwise), could result in the acceleration of the obligations under the Term Loan Agreement. As amended in January 2021, the entire principal payment, together with all other outstanding obligations, shall be due and payable upon maturity, December 30, 2022.

The Company has assessed the classification of the note payable as non-current based on facts and circumstances as of the date of this filing, specifically as it relates to achieving the minimum liquidity and revenue covenants. As of the date of this filing, the Company believes that should it be unable to meet such covenants as of December 31, 2021, it is probable that it would be able to pay the cure of default on March 31, 2022. Management continues to reassess at each balance sheet and filing date based on facts and circumstances and can provide no assurances regarding the probability of meeting its aforementioned covenants in future periods.

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Term Loan Agreement

In December 2016, the Company entered into a Term Loan Agreement (the “Term Loan Agreement”) with CRG. The Company initially borrowed $40.0 million pursuant to the Term Loan Agreement, which has a six-year term with four years of interest-only payments (through December 30, 2020), after which quarterly principal and interest payments will be due through the December 30, 2022 maturity date. Interest on the amounts borrowed under the Term Loan Agreement accrues at an annual fixed rate of 11.5%, 3.5% of which may be deferred during the interest-only period by adding such amount to the aggregate principal loan amount. In addition, if the Company achieves certain financial performance metrics, the loan will convert to interest-only until the December 30, 2022 maturity, at which time all unpaid principal and accrued unpaid interest will be due and payable. The Company is required to pay CRG a financing fee based on the loan principal amount drawn. The Company is also required to pay a final payment fee of 8.0%, subsequently amended to 10%, of the principal outstanding upon repayment. The Company is accruing the final payment fee as interest expense and it is included as a non-current liability at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 to conform to the classification of the associated debt in those periods.

The Company may prepay all or a portion of the outstanding principal and accrued unpaid interest under the Term Loan Agreement at any time upon prior notice subject to a certain prepayment fee during the first five years of the term and no prepayment fee thereafter. As security for its obligations under the Term Loan Agreement the Company entered into a security agreement with CRG whereby the Company granted a lien on substantially all of its assets, including intellectual property. The Term Loan Agreement also contains customary affirmative and negative covenants for a credit facility of this size and type, including a requirement to maintain a minimum cash balance. The Term Loan Agreement also requires the Company to achieve certain revenue targets, whereby the Company is required to pay double the amount of any shortfall as an acceleration of principal payments.

In 2019, the Term Loan Agreement was amended to reduce minimum revenue targets, extend the interest-only period and extend the principal repayment. The final payment fee was increased from 8% to 10% of the principal amount outstanding upon repayment. The Company issued to CRG warrants to purchase 568,291 shares of the Company’s common stock (“New Warrants”) (Note 9) at an exercise price of $1.55, with typical provisions for termination upon a change of control or a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company.  The Company also reduced the exercise price for the warrants previously issued to CRG to purchase an aggregate of 528,958 shares of the Company’s common stock to $1.55. All of the New Warrants are exercisable any time prior to September 9, 2029, and all of the previously issued warrants are exercisable any time prior to December 30, 2026.

In January 2021, the Term Loan Agreement was amended to extend the interest-only payment period until the December 30, 2022 maturity, to extend the initial principal repayment until the December 30, 2022 maturity, and to significantly reduce the minimum product revenue target for the twenty-four month period beginning on January 1, 2020. The Company did not pay or provide any consideration in exchange for this amendment. The Company accounted for the January 2021 amendment as a modification to the Term Loan Agreement.

The Term Loan Agreement includes a subjective acceleration clause whereby an event of default, including a material adverse change in the business, operations, or conditions (financial or otherwise), could result in the acceleration of the obligations under the Term Loan Agreement. Under certain circumstances, a default interest rate of an additional 4.0% per annum will apply at the election of CRG on all outstanding obligations during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default.   

7. Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity

Equity Distribution Agreement 

On July 30, 2019, the Company entered into the Sales Agreement with Canaccord (“Original Sales Agreement”), as agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of common stock, for aggregate gross sale proceeds of up to $30.0 million from time to time through Canaccord. On March 9, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the Original Sales Agreement to increase the aggregate gross sales amount from $30.0 million to $65.0 million. On April 8, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the Original Sales Agreement to increase the aggregate gross sales amount from $65.0 million to $95.0 million. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had sold 101,606,667 shares of common stock with an aggregate gross sales amount of $95.0 million under the Original Sales Agreement.

On March 31, 2021, the Company entered into another Sales Agreement with Canaccord (“New Sales Agreement”), as agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of common stock, for aggregate gross sale proceeds of up to $75.0 million from time to time from the effective date of the respective registration statement through Canaccord.

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Under the New Sales Agreement, upon delivery of a placement notice based on the Company’s instructions and subject to the terms and conditions of each Sales Agreement, Canaccord is able to sell the shares by methods deemed to be an “at the market” offering, subject to shelf limitations if any, in negotiated transactions at market prices prevailing at the time of sale or at prices related to such prevailing market prices, or by any other method permitted by law, including negotiated transactions, subject to the prior written consent of the Company. The Company is not obligated to make any sales of shares under the New Sales Agreement. The Company or Canaccord is able to suspend or terminate the offering of shares upon notice to the other party, subject to certain conditions. Canaccord acts as sales agent on a commercially reasonable efforts basis consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal law, rules and regulations and the rules of Nasdaq.

The Company agrees to pay Canaccord for its services of acting as agent an amount equal to 3% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the shares pursuant to the New Sales Agreement. The Company also agrees to provide Canaccord with customary indemnification for certain liabilities. Legal and accounting fees are charged to share capital upon issuance of shares under the New Sales Agreement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company sold 67,750,678 shares under the Original Sales Agreement for net proceeds of $39.8 million after expenses. The Company did not sell any shares under the New Sales Agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Subsequent to March 31, 2021 and prior to the filing of this 10-Q, the Company sold 1,889,079 shares under the New Sales Agreement for gross proceeds of $2.3 million.

Purchase Agreement

On July 29, 2019, the Company entered into a $30.0 million Purchase Agreement with Lincoln Park, pursuant to which the Company was able to sell and issue to Lincoln Park, and Lincoln Park was obligated to purchase, up to $30.0 million in value of its shares of common stock from time to time over a 36-month period starting from the effective date of the respective registration statement. On April 7, 2020, the Company terminated the Purchase Agreement, effective April 8, 2020.

The Company was able to direct Lincoln Park, at its sole discretion, and subject to certain conditions, to purchase up to 200,000 shares of common stock on any business day, provided that at least one business day had passed since the most recent purchase. The amount of a purchase could be increased under certain circumstances provided, however, that Lincoln Park’s committed obligation under any single purchase would not exceed $2.0 million. The purchase price of shares of common stock related to the future funding was based on the then prevailing market prices of such shares at the time of sales as described in the Purchase Agreement.

In consideration for the execution and delivery of the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued 413,349 shares of common stock to Lincoln Park.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company sold 400,000 shares for proceeds of $0.3 million in connection with the Purchase Agreement.

8. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Incentive Plans

2006 Stock Incentive Plan

The Company’s 2006 Stock Option Plan (“2006 Plan”) was established for granting stock incentive awards to directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company. Upon closing of the Company’s IPO in August 2014, the Company ceased granting stock incentive awards under the 2006 Plan. The 2006 Plan provided for the grant of incentive and non-qualified stock options and restricted stock grants as determined by the Company’s board of directors. Under the 2006 Plan, stock options were generally granted with exercise prices equal to or greater than the fair value of the common stock as determined by the board of directors, expired no later than 10 years from the date of grant, and vested over various periods not exceeding 4 years.

2014 Stock Incentive Plan

The Company’s 2014 Incentive Award Plan (“2014 Plan”, and together with the 2006 Plan, the “Stock Incentive Plans”) provides for the issuance of shares of common stock in the form of stock options, awards of restricted stock, awards of restricted stock units, performance awards, dividend equivalent awards, stock payment awards and stock appreciation rights to directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company. Since the establishment of the 2014 Plan, the Company has primarily granted stock

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options and restricted stock units. Generally, stock options are granted with exercise prices equal to or greater than the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant, expire no later than 10 years from the date of grant, and vest over various periods not exceeding 4 years.

The number of shares reserved for future issuance under the 2014 Plan is the sum of (1) 823,529 shares, (2) any shares that were granted under the 2006 Plan which are forfeited, lapse unexercised or are settled in cash subsequent to the effective date of the 2014 Plan and (3) an annual increase on the first day of each calendar year beginning January 1, 2015 and ending on January 1, 2026, equal to the lesser of (A) 4% of the shares outstanding (on an as-converted basis) on the final day of the immediately preceding calendar year and (B) such smaller number of shares determined by the Company’s board of directors. As of March 31, 2021, there were 3,045,857 shares available for future grant under the 2014 Plan.

Inducement Award Plan

The Company’s Amended and Restated Inducement Award Plan (“Inducement Plan”), which was adopted in March 2018 and most recently amended and restated in January 2020, provides for the grant of equity awards to new employees, including options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance awards, dividend equivalent awards, stock payment awards and stock appreciation rights. The aggregate number of shares of common stock which may be issued or transferred pursuant to awards under the Inducement Plan is 5,625,000 shares. Any awards that forfeit, expire, lapse, or are settled for cash without the delivery of shares to the holder are available for the grant of an award under the Inducement Plan. Any shares repurchased by or surrendered to the Company that are returned shall be available for the grant of an award under the Inducement Plan. The payment of dividend equivalents in cash in conjunction with any outstanding award shall not be counted against the shares available for issuance under the Inducement Plan. As of March 31, 2021, there were 1,182,237 shares available for future grant under the Inducement Plan.  

Stock Options

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company granted stock options with an aggregate fair value of $0.6 million and $3.0 million, respectively, which are being amortized into compensation expense over the vesting period of the options as the services are being provided.

The following is a summary of option activity under the Stock Incentive Plans and Inducement Plan (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):

There were 42,626 options exercised in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and no options exercised in the three months ended March 31, 2020. The weighted-average grant date fair values of stock options granted in the three month periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were $1.33 per share and $0.74 per share, respectively, and were calculated using the following estimated assumptions:

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The total fair values of options that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

As of March 31, 2021, there was $5.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the Stock Incentive Plans and Inducement Plan. Total unrecognized compensation cost will be adjusted for future changes in the estimated forfeiture rate. The Company expects to recognize that cost over a remaining weighted-average period of 2.4 years as of March 31, 2021.

Restricted Stock Units

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company awarded restricted stock units to certain employees and directors at no cost to them. The restricted stock units, excluding any restricted stock units with market conditions, vest through the passage of time, assuming continued service. Restricted stock units are not included in issued and outstanding common stock until the underlying shares are vested and released. The fair value of the restricted stock units, at the time of the grant, is expensed on a straight line basis. The granted restricted stock units had an aggregate fair value of $12.7 million, which are being amortized into compensation expense over the vesting period of the restricted stock units as the services are being provided.

The following is a summary of restricted stock unit activity under the 2014 Plan:

As of March 31, 2021, there was $13.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock units granted under the 2014 Plan. Total unrecognized compensation cost will be adjusted for future changes in the estimated forfeiture rate. The Company expects to recognize that cost over a remaining weighted-average period of 2.8 years, as of March 31, 2021.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Under the 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2014 ESPP”) participants may purchase the Company’s common stock during semi-annual offering periods at 85% of the lower of (i) the market value per share of common stock on the first day of the offering period or (ii) the market value per share of the common stock on the purchase date. Each participant can purchase up to a maximum of $25,000 per calendar year in fair market value as calculated in accordance with applicable tax rules. The first offering period began on August 7, 2014. Stock-based compensation expense from the 2014 ESPP for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $0.1 million.  

The 2014 ESPP, which was amended and restated effective August 6, 2020, provides for the issuance of up to 4,523,944 shares of the Company’s common stock to eligible employees. At March 31, 2021, there were 3,268,850 shares available for issuance under the 2014 ESPP.

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For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, stock-based compensation expenses capitalized as part of inventory or T2Dx instruments and components were immaterial.

9. Warrants

In connection with the Term Loan Agreement entered into in December 2016, the Company issued to CRG warrants to purchase a total of 528,958 shares of the Company’s common stock. The warrants are exercisable any time prior to December 30, 2026 at a price of $1.55 per share, with typical provisions for termination upon a change of control or a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company.

In connection with a 2019 amendment of the Term Loan Agreement, the Company issued to CRG warrants to purchase 568,291 shares of the Company’s common stock (“New Warrants”) at an exercise price of $1.55, with typical provisions for termination upon a change of control or a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company. All of the New Warrants are exercisable any time prior to September 9, 2029.

10. Net Loss Per Share

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share applicable to common stockholders, prior to the application of the treasury stock method, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented:

11. Co-Development Agreements

U.S. Government Contract

In September 2019, the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“BARDA”) awarded the Company a milestone-based contract, with an initial value of $6.0 million, and a potential value of up to $69.0 million, if BARDA awards all contract options (the “U.S. Government Contract”). BARDA operates within the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (“ASPR”) at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ (“HHS”). If BARDA awards and the Company completes all options, the Company’s management believes it will enable a significant expansion of the Company’s current portfolio of diagnostics for sepsis-causing pathogen and antibiotic resistance genes. In September 2020, BARDA exercised the first contract option valued at $10.5 million.  

In April 2021, BARDA agreed to accelerate product development by modifying the contract to advance future deliverables into the currently funded Option 1 of the BARDA contract for T2NxT, T2Biothreat, T2Resistance and T2AMR. The modification does not change the overall total potential value of the BARDA contract.  

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The Company recorded revenue of $2.3 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, under the BARDA contract.

12. Leases

Operating Leases

The Company leases certain office space, laboratory space and manufacturing space. At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present. The Company does not recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for leases determined to have a term of 12 months or less. For new and amended leases, the Company has elected to account for the lease and non-lease components as a combined lease component.

In August 2010, the Company entered into an operating lease for office and laboratory space at its headquarters in Lexington, Massachusetts. The lease commenced in January 2011, with the Company providing a security deposit of $400,000. In accordance with the operating lease agreement, the Company reduced its security deposit to $160,000 in January 2018, which is recorded as restricted cash in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. In March 2017, the Company entered into an amendment to extend the term to December 2021. In October 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to extend the term to December 31, 2028. In accordance with the October 2020 amendment, the Company increased its security deposit to $420,438, which is classified as restricted cash at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. This amendment resulted in an increase to the operating lease right-of use assets and lease liability accounts on the balance sheet of $7.6 million and $7.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2020.

In May 2013, the Company entered into an operating lease for additional office, laboratory and manufacturing space in Wilmington, Massachusetts. In August 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to extend the term to December 2020. In October 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to extend the term to December 31, 2022. This amendment resulted in an increase to the operating lease right-of use assets and lease liability accounts on the balance sheet of $0.2 million at December 31, 2020.

In November 2014, the Company entered into an agreement to rent additional office space in Lexington, Massachusetts. In April 2015, the Company entered into an amendment to extend the term to December 31, 2017. In connection with this agreement, the Company paid a security deposit of $50,000, which is recorded as a component of other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. In May 2015, the Company entered into an amendment to expand existing manufacturing facilities in Lexington, Massachusetts. In September 2017, the Company entered into an amendment to extend the term to December 31, 2021. In June 2020, the Company vacated this office space and determined that subleasing it to a tenant was unlikely due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the local commercial real estate sub-lease market.

In November 2014, the Company entered into a lease for additional laboratory space in Lexington, Massachusetts. The lease term commenced in April 2015 and extended for six years. The rent expense, inclusive of the escalating rent payments, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As an incentive to enter into the lease, the landlord paid approximately $1.4 million of the $2.2 million space build-out costs. The unamortized balance of the lease incentive as of January 1, 2019 was reclassified as a reduction to the initial recognition of the right-of-use asset related to this lease. In connection with this lease agreement, the Company paid a security deposit of $281,000, which was recorded as a component of both prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2019. In October 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to extend the term of the lease to October 31, 2025. In accordance with this amendment, the Company paid a replacement security deposit of $130,977, which is classified as restricted cash at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and received the initial $281,000 security deposit in return.

Operating leases are amortized over the lease term and included in costs and expenses in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Variable lease costs are recognized in costs and expenses in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss as incurred.

13. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

Refer to Note 12, Leases, for discussion of the commitments associated with the Company’s leases.

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License Agreement

In 2006, the Company entered into a license agreement with a third party, pursuant to which the third party granted the Company an exclusive, worldwide, sublicenseable license under certain patent rights to make, use, import and commercialize products and processes for diagnostic, industrial and research and development purposes. The Company agreed to pay an annual license fee ranging from $5,000 to $25,000 for the royalty‑bearing license to certain patents. The Company also issued a total of 84,678 shares of common stock pursuant to the agreement in 2006 and 2007, which were recorded at fair value at the date of issuance. The Company is required to pay royalties on net sales of products and processes that are covered by patent rights licensed under the agreement at a percentage ranging between 0.5% - 3.5%, subject to reductions and offsets in certain circumstances, as well as a royalty on net sales of products that the Company sublicenses at 10% of specified gross revenue. Royalties that became due under this agreement for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were immaterial.

Transition Agreement

          On July 30, 2019, the Company announced that founding CEO John McDonough was named Executive Chairman of the Board until a successor is named at which time Mr. McDonough will become non-executive Chairman of the Board. John Sperzel was named CEO in January 2020. In connection with John McDonough’s transition to Non-Executive Chairman of the Board from CEO, the Company agreed to transition payments and health benefits to be paid over the 15-month period following Mr. Sperzel’s start date. Accrued expenses included amounts related to Mr. McDonough’s transition payments and health benefits of $0.2 million at December 31, 2020. Accrued expenses related to Mr. McDonough’s transition payments and health benefits at March 31, 2021 were immaterial.