UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
______________________________________________

Form 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of August, 2008

Commission File Number ________________


Novogen Limited
(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

140 Wicks Road, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
(Address of principal executive office)
___________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F x   Form 40-F o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(l):   o

Note: Regulation S-T Rule 101 (b)( I) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted solely to provide an attached annual report to security holders.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule lO1(b)(7): o

Note: Regulation S-T Rule l01(b)(7) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted to furnish a report or other document that the registrant foreign private issuer must furnish and make public under the laws of the jurisdiction in which the registrant is incorporated, domiciled or legally organized (the registrant’s “home country”), or under the rules of the home country exchange on which the registrant’s securities are traded, as long as the report or other document is not a press release, is not required to be and has not been distributed to the registrant’s security holders, and, if discussing a material event, has already been the subject of a Form 6-K submission or other Commission filing on EDGAR.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule l2g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes o   No x

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b):

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Novogen Limited
(Registrant)
/s/  Ron Erratt
Ronald Lea Erratt
Company Secretary
Date 28 August, 2008



 
 
 
NVOGEN LOGO
 
 
 
 
 
NOVOGEN LIMITED
ABN 37-063-259-754
www.novogen.com

140 Wicks Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW, 2113

Telephone: 02 9878 0088





APPENDIX 4E

incorporating

ANNUAL REPORT


FOR THE YEAR ENDED

30 JUNE, 2008










RESULTS FOR ANNOUNCEMENT TO THE MARKET
                                               $’000

Revenue from continuing operations                                                        down            23.2%               to              13,283

Loss after income tax from continuing operations                          up               1.4%            to            (20,264)

Net loss for the period attributable to members                                            up                   1.4%               to          (20,264)

The amounts included in this report are for the financial year ended 30 June, 2008. Comparative figures are for the previous corresponding period being the financial year ended 30 June, 2007 unless otherwise stated.

The Directors of Novogen Limited do not recommend the payment of a dividend. No dividends were declared or paid during the year ended 30 June, 2008.

Refer to Operating and Financial Review shown in the attached Directors’ Report for an explanation of the above disclosures.




2

CONTENTS




 
Page No.
   
   
   
Directors' Report
4 – 23
Auditor’s Independence Declaration
24
Corporate Governance Statement
25 – 30
Income Statements
31
Balance Sheets
32
Statements of Changes in Equity
33
Statements of Cash Flows
34
Notes to the Financial Statements
35 – 75
Directors' Declaration
76
Independent Audit Report to the Members
77 – 78
ASX additional information
79 – 80

 

 
3
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
Your Directors submit their report for the year ended 30 June, 2008.

This annual report has been based on accounts which have been audited.

DIRECTORS

The names and details of the Company’s Directors during the financial year and up to the date of this report are as follows:
 
Mr PA Johnston (Chairman)
Mr C Naughton (Managing Director)
Professor AJ Husband (Executive Director)
Mr GM Leppinus
Professor PJ Nestel AO
Mr PB Simpson

Directors were in office for the entire period.

Names, qualifications, experience and special responsibilities

Philip A Johnston Non-executive Chairman
Dip Eng (Production)

Non-executive Director since 1997, Mr Johnston was elected chairman of Novogen Limited with effect from 1   January, 2001. Mr Johnston has extensive experience in the pharmaceutical industry including 9 years as an Executive Director of Wellcome Australia Limited. He was previously a Director of two subsidiary Companies of GlaxoWellcome. He has had responsibility for production, distribution, quality assurance and consumer product development and has been directly involved in the establishment of strategic alliances and joint ventures. He has completed a number of executive development programs including the University of NSW and the London Business School.

During the last three years Mr Johnston has served as a Director of the ASX listed company, Lipa Pharmaceuticals Limited and is currently a Director of NASDAQ listed, Novogen subsidiary, Marshall Edwards, Inc. Mr Johnston’s directorship of Lipa ceased in November 2007 following a scheme of arrangement which saw Lipa ceasing as a public company at that time.


Christopher Naughton Managing Director
BEc, LLB

Managing Director since March 1997, Mr Naughton joined Novogen in 1996 as Commercial Director. Mr Naughton has degrees in Economics from the ANU and in Law from the UNSW. He has completed the Program for Management Development at the Harvard Business School, and is an Attorney in New South Wales. After working in merchant banking, he has over 20 years experience in the pharmaceutical industry, including appointments as a Director of Wellcome Australia Limited and in worldwide business development with The Wellcome Foundation Limited in the UK.

During the last three years Mr Naughton has served as CEO and Director and is currently CEO and Director of the NASDAQ listed, Novogen subsidiary, Marshall Edwards, Inc.


Professor Alan J Husband Executive Director
PhD, DSc, FASM

Professor Husband was appointed as a Director of Novogen Limited in May, 2006. Professor Husband has over 30 years experience in basic and applied scientific research and research management. His
 
4
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
academic research interests in immunology and pathology have been reflected in the publication of over 200 scientific papers and several books. He currently holds a professorial appointment at the University of Sydney. These activities in basic and applied research, coupled with experience in the biotechnology industry, provided the foundations for his current appointment as Group Director of Research for the Novogen group of companies. In this position Professor Husband is responsible for the development and commercialisation of the Group’s flavonoid drug technology platform. Professor Husband commenced working with the Company in 1996 and has managed the scientific discovery and clinical trial programs, including development of novel oncology, cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory therapeutics as well as wound healing technologies.
 

Geoffrey M Leppinus Non-executive Director
BEc, FCA

Non-executive Director since February 2005, Mr Leppinus was, until July 2002, a Senior Audit and Advisory partner of KPMG with over 30 years experience in professional accounting and auditing. At KPMG he was responsible for the audit of a number of large public companies and the Australian subsidiaries of US listed public corporations. Mr Leppinus has experience in the assessment of systems of internal control over financial reporting and the financial reporting requirements applicable to listed public companies. He has also had a wide range of experience in conducting due diligence for business acquisitions. Mr Leppinus has served as a member of the Australian Auditing Standards Board and member of the State Council of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia.


Professor Paul J Nestel Non-executive Director
AO, MD, FTSE, FRACP, FAHA, FCSANZ

Professor Nestel is currently on the Senior Faculty at the Baker Heart Research Institute & International Diabetes Institute, Melbourne. Professor Nestel is also a Consultant Physician at the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne. He is Honorary Professor of Medicine in the Faculty of Health, Medicine, Nursing and Behavioural Science at Deakin University, Melbourne. He was formerly Clinical Professor in Medicine, The Flinders University of South Australia. Professor Nestel has been closely involved in national and international pharmaceutical trials of cardiovascular drugs. He has been and remains a member of many national and international committees for research and policy on cardiovascular disease. He has published over 420 scientific and medical papers and is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, the Royal Australasian College of Physicians, a Fellow of the American Heart Association and a Fellow of the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Professor Nestel is an Officer of the Order of Australia and recipient of the Centenary Medal.

During the last three years Professor Nestel has served as a Director and is currently a Director for the NASDAQ listed, Novogen subsidiary, Marshall Edwards, Inc.


Peter B Simpson Non-executive Director
MPharm, PhC

Non-executive Director since 1994, Mr Simpson has extensive experience in the development of pharmaceutical products for international markets. He was Research and Development Manager with David Bull Laboratories for 8 years prior to being appointed Chief Executive Officer of Biota Holdings Limited in 1987. At Biota he oversaw the research and development of an effective cure for influenza and the licensing of that discovery to Glaxo Limited. Mr Simpson is currently associated with a wide range of biotechnology and pharmaceutical interests, predominately associated with the conduct of late stage clinical studies and the commercialisation of Australian biomedical discoveries. Mr Simpson is also the Chairman of Biogenerics Australia Pty Ltd.


5
DIRECTORS' REPORT

 
COMPANY SECRETARY

Ronald L Erratt
FINA

Mr Erratt has been the Company Secretary of Novogen Limited since it floated on the Australian Stock Exchange in 1994. He is also the Company Secretary for all the wholly owned subsidiaries of Novogen. Mr Erratt has over 30 years experience in accounting and commercial roles. Prior to joining Novogen he was the Director of Superannuation Fund Administration at Towers Perrin, an international firm of Actuaries and Management Consultants.


Directors' interests in the shares and options of the Company

At the date of this report the interests of the Directors, and their related parties, in the shares and options of Novogen Limited were:
 
                         
   
Ordinary shares fully paid
   
Options
         
Number outstanding
   
Exercise price
   
Expiry date
 
                         
PA Johnston
    73,594       -       -       -  
C Naughton
    633,511       91,196       2.41    
30/03/2012
 
AJ Husband
    102,920       14,892       6.76    
27/02/2009
 
              22,592       4.90    
16/03/2010
 
              30,436       3.64    
21/04/2011
 
              50,472       2.41    
30/03/2012
 
                                 
                                 
PJ Nestel  AO
    32,000       -       -       -  
PB Simpson
    5,500       -       -       -  
GM Leppinus
    3,000       -       -       -  
                                 
      850,525       209,588                  


6
DIRECTORS' REPORT

KEY FINANCIAL DATA

   
2008
   
2007
   
Percentage
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
      change  
                   
Revenue from continuing operations
    13,283       17,295       (23.2 %)
Loss from ordinary activities after tax attributable to members
    (20,264 )     (19,981 )     1.4 %
Loss for the period attributable to members
    (20,264 )     (19,981 )     1.4 %
Net tangible assets per share (dollars)
    0.37       0.46          


Earnings per share
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Cents
   
Cents
 
Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share
    (20.8 )     (20.5 )

 
Dividends paid or recommended
 
The Directors of Novogen Limited do not recommend the payment of a dividend. No dividends were declared or paid during the year.


Corporate Information

Novogen Limited is a company limited by shares and is incorporated and domiciled in Australia. Novogen Limited shares are publicly traded on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). The trading symbol on the ASX is “NRT”.

Novogen Limited’s ordinary shares trade in the US in the form of ADRs on the Nasdaq Global Market. Each ADR represents five ordinary Novogen shares. The trading symbol on Nasdaq is “NVGN”.


Nature of operations and principal activities
 
The principal activities of the entities within the Group during the year were:
·  
pharmaceutical research and development; and
·  
marketing of consumer healthcare products.

During the year, the Company decommissioned and sold its isoflavone extraction facilities at Wyong, following the Company’s announcement that it had entered into new arrangements for the worldwide supply of isoflavones used in its consumer products dietary supplements.


Employees

The Group employed 68 people as at 30 June, 2008. (2007: 66 people)

 
7
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW
 
 
Operating results for the year
 
Cash resources
 
At 30 June, 2008 the Group had total funds of $37.4 million a reduction of $2.1 million from the previous year’s balance of $39.5 million. Total funds available to the Group at year end included cash and cash equivalents of $35.4 million and term deposit investments of $2.0 million maturing within 12 months.

Cash was used to fund the Group’s operations including the OVATURE clinical trail program for the anti cancer drug phenoxodiol being undertaken by Novogen’s US subsidiary Marshall Edwards, Inc. (“MEI”) and the clinical development of wound healing compound GLYC-101 by Novogen’s US subsidiary Glycotex, Inc. ("Glycotex") Cash resources were also used to fund the ongoing programs in the areas of cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory research and development.


Revenue

The Group earned gross revenues for the year ended 30 June, 2008 of $13.3 million versus $17.3 million in the previous corresponding period, a reduction of $4.0 million. The reduction in revenue was due to decreased sales of the Group’s consumer health care products of $1.3 million or 12% mainly due to the impact of licensing the US consumer health care products to Natrol, Inc. in 2007. Other revenue reduced by $2.7 million to $3.9 million verses $6.6 million for the previous corresponding period. The decrease in other revenue was mainly due to the “one off” licence fees received from Natrol, Inc. and litigation settlements amounts received from Sante Naturelle and Chattem, Inc. for licences and settlement of patent infringements relating to consumer products in Canada and the US which occurred in the financial year ended 2007 and which were not repeated in the year ended 30 June, 2008.

Consumer product sales

Sales of consumer health care products decreased by $1.3 million to $9.4 million for the twelve months ended 30 June, 2008 from $10.7 million for the twelve months ended 30 June, 2007.

Sales in Australasia (including sales to export markets) for the year ended 30 June, 2008 were $4.8 million, an increase of $0.3 million or 7% from $4.5 million for the previous year. The increase was due to   due to the launch of Promensil Double Strength formulation and Promensil Vitality products. There was no sales revenue from the US as consumer products were licensed to Natrol, Inc. from the end of October 2006 and this represents a reduction of $1.4 million for the twelve month period to 30 June last year. Canadian sales for the year ended 30 June 2008 increased by $0.6 million to $2.3 million up from $1.7 million for the previous 12 month period, due to the launch of Promensil Double Strength formulation and increased volume sales as a result of promotional programs. Sales revenue in Europe decreased by $0.9 million to $2.2 million for the twelve month period to 30 June, 2008 compared to $3.1 million for the same period last year. European sales decline was caused by a reduction in the supplement market for menopause.

During the year ending 30 June, 2008 the Group expanded its consumer health care business with the introduction of Promensil into Belgium. The Company also entered into a third party distribution agreement in the Netherlands in an effort to maximise the contribution from the territory.

Novogen’s marketing strategy of developing consumer health care brands through consumer campaigns, continual health care professional communications and retail expansion will continue. Promensil is a market leading brand in most countries it competes in and future growth is expected to be achieved through leveraging the Promensil brand into new markets.

8
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
Net loss
 
The operating loss attributable to Novogen shareholders for the financial year, after allowing for losses attributable to minority interests of $4.5 million, increased by $0.3 million to $20.3 million from a loss of $20.0 million for the previous year.

The net loss from ordinary activities after income tax for the consolidated group for the year ended 30 June, 2008 increased by $0.5 million to $24.8 million from $24.3 million for the previous year. The increase in the Group’s net loss for the year ended 30 June, 2008 was due to reduced revenues and other incomes being largely offset by reduced expenditures. Research and development expenses increased by $2.7 million compared to the corresponding period last year. The increase was primarily due to expenses associated with the Phase III OVATURE clinical trial being conducted by MEI. Research and development expenses also reflected an increase in costs associated with the development of glucoprime the Company’s glucan based product being developed by Novogen’s subsidiary Glycotex. General and administration expenses were reduced by $3.1 million due to one-off amounts of $2.1 million representing non-cash, share based payments incurred by MEI in establishing the   Standby Equity Distribution Agreement (“SEDA”) and a $1.4 million employee termination payment which were incurred in the financial year ended 30 June, 2007 and which were not incurred in the 30 June, 2008 year.


Clinical development

Anti-Cancer

Phenoxodiol

Phenoxodiol is being developed by the Company’s subsidiary MEI as a chemosensitising agent in combination with platinum drugs for late stage, chemoresistant ovarian cancer and as a monotherapy for prostate and cervical cancers. Phenoxodiol is an investigational novel-acting drug that inhibits key pro-survival signalling pathways operating within cancer cells causing selective cancer cell death and increased susceptibility to drugs like platinum and taxane, to which most ovarian cancer patients become resistant in late stage disease.

OVATURE Phase III Clinical Trial

The OVATURE trial is a major multi-centre international Phase III clinical trial of orally-administered phenoxodiol in combination with carboplatin in women with advanced ovarian cancer resistant or refractory to platinum-based drugs to determine its safety and effectiveness when used in combination with carboplatin. The OVATURE trial has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) under a Special Protocol Assessment (“SPA”) program indicating that the study design, clinical endpoints and statistical analysis are acceptable to the FDA. The protocol provides for an interim analysis of the data, which, if statistically significant can be used to support a request for accelerated marketing approval. An analysis of the interim results will be possible after the targeted patient recruitment is completed and 95 patients have disease progression.
 
The OVATURE trial is recruiting ovarian cancer patients whose cancer initially responded to chemotherapy but has since become resistant or refractory to traditional platinum treatment. Patients are being recruited at clinical sites across the US, UK, Europe and Australia.
 
In May 2008, MEI announced that the FDA agreed that the accrual time for the OVATURE study may be extended to facilitate complete patient enrollment in the US, UK, Europe and Australia. Increasing the accrual period allowed decreasing the total number of patients in the study, without changing the required statistical analyses. As a result, the OVATURE study will enroll 340 patients at 60 - 80 clinical sites throughout the US, UK, Europe and Australia. Initially, this study was announced to enroll 470 patients.
 
 
9
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
In June 2008, a review by the Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC) recommended that the OVATURE trial continue. The IDMC is responsible to ensure that patients recruited to the study are not exposed to unnecessary safety risks, that the study continues to meet its clinical objectives, and that it is run according to the required standards of Good Clinical Practice. Following a scheduled review of safety
 
 
and efficacy data, the Committee recommended that the study remain open and continue as planned towards its target of 340 patients.
 
Prostate cancer
 
MEI has completed a Phase II study in advanced hormone refractory disease in Australia and in October 2007, MEI announced that it is conducting a Phase II clinical trial using phenoxodiol as first line treatment in men with early stage disease (35 patients with androgen dependent disease but rising PSA) compared to patients with late stage hormone refractory disease (25 patients with chemotherapy naïve androgen independent disease).The study is being conducted at Yale Cancer Center and the West Haven Veterans Administration Hospital Connecticut in the US. Both of these patient groups represent areas of unmet medical need in this common cancer.
 

Triphendiol
 
Triphendiol (previously known as NV-196) is a synthetic investigational anti-cancer compound based on an isoflavan ring structure and is being developed by MEI. Similar to phenoxodiol, triphendiol is a signal transduction inhibitor. Preliminary screening studies have identified triphendiol as a candidate for product development showing a favorable in vitro toxicity profile against normal cells and broad activity against cancer cells. In March 2008, MEI announced that data to be presented at annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) revealed that triphendiol may aid in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. These data indicated that in laboratory testing in vitro and in animals bearing human pancreatic and bile duct tumors the activity of triphendiol against these cancers was demonstrated. Triphendiol is being developed initially in oral form for the treatment of pancreatic and bile duct cancers
 
Triphendiol has completed two Phase I human trials in Australia which have demonstrated a high safety profile and acceptable pharmacokinetics when administered by the oral route.
 
In January 2008, the Company’s subsidiary MEI announced that triphendiol had been granted orphan drug status by the FDA for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, or bile duct cancer. In February 2008, MEI announced that triphendiol had been granted Orphan Drug status by the FDA for the treatment of Stage IIB through Stage IV malignant melanoma.
 
An Orphan Drug refers to a product that is intended for use in a disease or condition that affects fewer than 200,000 individuals in the US. A grant of Orphan Drug status provides seven years of market exclusivity for the orphan indication after approval by the FDA, as well as study design assistance and eligibility for grant funding from the FDA during its development. Triphendiol is in the early stages of clinical development and it is anticipated that significant clinical testing will be required to prove safety and efficacy before marketing applications may be filed with the FDA.
 
NV-128
 
NV-128 is a cancer compound which has been shown in pre-clinical studies to promote cancer cell death in multi–drug resistant ovarian cancer cells by targeting the AKT-mTOR pathway. Structurally, NV-128 is an analog of phenoxodiol and triphendiol but in contrast to phenoxodiol which induces caspase mediated apoptosis, NV-128 has been shown to induce caspase-independent DNA degradation and cancer cell death via the AKT-mTOR pathway.
 
These results were announced during the year following the completion of pre-clinical studies conducted at Yale University School of Medicine in the US.
 
 
 
 
10
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
Additionally, NV-128, through its capacity to dephosphorylate mTOR appears to inhibit both mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity showing an advantage over existing rapamycin analog mTOR inhibitors which appear to target only mTORC1 making them less effective in those cancer cells that have developed rapalog-resistance and which have a dysfunctional apoptotic cascade.
 
Anti-Inflammatory

NV-52

In December 2007, the Company announced the results of a Phase Ib clinical trial of the new drug NV-52 for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The results indicated that treatment may be possible with just a single daily dose. The study was conducted at Griffith and Bond Universities. In this study, NV-52 was administered once daily over seven days to nine healthy volunteers. During that time, the levels of NV-52 were measured in the blood and a wide range of safety assessments undertaken.
 
NV-52 is a synthetic phenolic derivative which, when given orally, is protective in a mouse model of colitis, where it has been effective at not only reducing the severity of acute inflammation in the bowel, but also at inhibiting its initiation. Formal toxicology testing has demonstrated that NV-52 is a non-toxic compound, causing no adverse effects in animals, as well as having no genotoxic or mutagenic effects.
 
FAIMs

The Company announced in July 2007 that a new investigational anti-inflammatory drug produced promising results in animal studies which were conducted at the Rheumatology Unit in the Royal Adelaide Hospital.
 
The effect of the new drug was examined in a well established model of arthritis in rats which mimics the joint inflammation found in human arthritis.
 
The drug is one of a family of novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics known as flavonoid anti-inflammatory molecules (“FAIMs”).These compounds possess robust anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and, as now demonstrated, also in vivo . These compounds are designed to avoid cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and renal side effects associated with some of the current commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs.
 
Cardiovascular

NV-27
 
In February 2008 the Company undertook a Phase I human clinical trial of the novel cardiovascular drug, NV-27. This drug has been developed from the Novogen flavonoid technology platform and has been designed to be administered orally to reduce restenosis or reblocking of arteries after surgery to clear blockages, commonly involving insertion of arterial stents. NV-27 has been demonstrated to inhibit those processes in vitro via a variety of mechanisms. Importantly, orally administered NV-27 has been extremely effective in protecting against restenosis following endothelial injury in animal studies. The drug has also previously been demonstrated to be safe in animal studies. The Phase I clinical study was conducted in association with Bond University, Queensland, Australia. In this human study no toxic side effects were observed and favourable pharmacokinetics were demonstrated. NV-27 therefore appears to be ideally suited as an orally delivered agent to reduce restenosis following coronary artery stenting.
 
Wound Healing
 
GLYC-101

In January 2008, the Company announced that its subsidiary Glycotex, Inc. obtained an active Investigation New Drug Application (IND) from the FDA for the start of a Phase IIa clinical trial of its lead product candidate GLYC-101, administered topically for the treatment of burn wounds. The Phase IIb human clinical trial to be conducted, subject to funding, in the US is a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial designed to investigate the safety and clinical outcomes of topically
 
 
11
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
applied GLYC-101 compared to placebo in subjects undergoing carbon dioxide laser skin resurfacing.

GLYC-101 is intended to stimulate and modulate the natural cascade of wound healing activities in several cell populations. The product candidate is a topical gel formulation to be applied directly on the wound surface. The strategic priorities for GLYC-101 include wound healing following laser ablation, burn wounds, surgical wounds, venous ulcers and diabetic ulcers.

Corporate developments

On 6 August, 2007, the Company’s subsidiary, MEI, announced that it completed a US$16.4 million private placement consisting of 5,464,001 shares of common stock at a purchase price of US$3.00 per share. The investors in the transaction also received a warrant to purchase an additional 4 shares of common stock for every block of 10 shares of common stock purchased at an exercise price of US$3.60 per share. MEI also issued 62,091 warrants with an exercise price of US$3.00 per share to Blue Trading, LLC, which acted as the placement agent in the private placement, as part of the placement fee. All of the warrants are exercisable beginning 6 February, 2008 and ending on 6 August, 2012. In addition, MEI issued a notice of termination for the immediate termination upon consummation of the private placement of the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement, dated as of 11 July, 2006, by and between MEI and Cornell Capital Partners, LP, as amended.

In October 2007 the Company announced that it received gross proceeds of $4.0 million from the sale of land and buildings at Wyong NSW. The property had been in use for ten years as an isoflavone extraction facility, and became a surplus asset when this year the Company moved its isoflavone production to a larger third party manufacturer in Switzerland.

In January 2008, the Company’s subsidiary, Glycotex, Inc. announced that it had received approximately $0.5 million from the second tranche of a private share placement.


Intellectual property development

The areas with expanding patent cover include novel dimeric and novel aminated isoflavones, isoflavone formulations and various uses, combined isoflavone/ chemotherapy and isoflavone/ radiotherapy treatments and glucan preparation and uses.

The patent family covering a novel food product was abandoned.

During the year 22 patents were granted as follows:

AUSTRALIA
Patent # 2003257264                          Repair of DNA mutagenic damage
Patent # 2004224982
Therapeutic methods and compositions involving isoflavones
Patent # 2004200117
Production of isoflavone derivatives
Patent # 2006200292
Treatment of restenosis
Patent # 2002227771
Regulation of lipids and/or bone density and compositions thereof

 
CANADA
 
Patent # 2288321
Preparation of isoflavones from legumes
 
Patent # 2214899
Process for glucan preparation and therapeutic uses of glucan

 
HONG KONG
 
Patent # 1022425
Therapeutic methods and compositions involving isoflavones

 
ISRAEL
 
Patent # 128765
Therapeutic methods and compositions involving isoflavones
 
 
 
 

 
12
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
 
 
MEXICO
 
Patent # 250862
Therapeutic methods and compositions involving isoflavones

 
NEW ZEALAND
 
Patent # 539149
Skin photoageing and actinic damage treatment
 
 
NORWAY
 
Patent # 325127
Preparation of isoflavones from legumes
 
Patent # 325456
Therapy of oestrogen associated disorders

 
SINGAPORE
 
Patent # 110763
Combination of chemotherapy compositions and methods
 
Patent # 122109
Combinational radiotherapy and chemotherapy compositions and methods
 
Patent # 111549
Aminated isoflavonoid derivatives and uses thereof
 
Patent # 111389
Skin photoageing and actinic damage treatment
 
Patent # 109379
Repair of DNA mutagenic damage

 
TURKEY
Patent # TR200301485B
Dimeric isoflavones

 
US
 
Patent # 7312344
Dimeric isoflavones

 
NEW ZEALAND
 
Patent # 539819
Compositions and therapeutic methods involving isoflavones and analogues thereof
 
Patent # 529085
Compositions and therapeutic methods involving isoflavones and analogues thereof

These grants bring the number of patents issued to 90.

Significant changes in the state of affairs

During the financial year there were no significant changes in the state of affairs of the Group other than referred to in the financial statements or the notes thereto.


Significant events after balance date

On 29 July, 2008 the Company entered into a Share Subscription Agreement with El Coronado holdings LLC for the placement of 4,531,633 ordinary shares at a purchase price of $1.2215 per share raising gross proceeds of $5,535,390. Following the placement El Coronado LLC holds 19.9% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares.

On 28 July, 2008 MEI entered into a securities subscription agreement with OppenheimerFunds Inc and Novogen Limited pursuant to which MEI sold 1,700,000 and 2,908,295 shares of common stock to Oppenheimer and Novogen respectively, at a purchase price of US$2.17 per share. The aggregate proceeds to MEI from the sale of shares was US$10,000,000. The shares are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement. On 30 July, 2008 MEI filed a Prospectus Supplement to the registration Statement covering the sale of shares to Oppenheimer and Novogen.


There have been no other significant events occurring after balance date which have had a material impact on the business.


13
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
Likely developments and expected results of operations

The Directors foresee that during the 2008/2009 financial year, the Group will continue to advance the research and development in the more advanced pharmaceuticals in the area of human phenolic compound technology.
 
The Group expects to continue to commit cash resources to the clinical development program that is underway, particularly the Phase III clinical program for phenoxodiol (OVATURE), other oncology pre-clinical and clinical programs and the cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory drug programs.

Environmental regulation and performance

The Group holds licences issued by the Environmental Protection Authority which specify the manner of waste disposal for the Group’s pilot manufacturing operations in North Ryde. The Group also holds Dangerous Goods licenses for its pilot manufacturing operations in Australia.

There have been no significant known breaches of the Group’s licence conditions.

Share options

As at the date of this report there were 2,346,600 unissued ordinary shares under options (2,430,996 at balance date). Refer to Note 15 of the Financial Statements for further details of the options outstanding.

The terms and conditions of each grant of options that were in existence during the financial year are as follows:

Grant date
Date fully vested
and exercisable
Expiry date
Fair value per option
at grant date
Exercise price
27/02/2004
27/02/2008
27/02/2009
                 2.82
                6.76
16/03/2005
16/03/2009
16/03/2010
                 2.96
                4.90
21/04/2006
21/04/2010
21/04/2011
                 2.10
                3.64
30/03/2007
30/03/2011
30/03/2012
                 1.40
                2.41
26/10/2007
26/10/2011
26/10/2012
                 0.66
                2.41
1/03/2008
1/03/2012
1/03/2013
                 0.60
                1.06
         

Option holders do not have any right by virtue of the option to participate in any share issue of the Company or any other related body corporate.

Shares issued as a result of the exercise of options

During the year, no options were exercised by employees or consultants to acquire ordinary shares in Novogen Limited.

Since the end of the financial year, no further options have been exercised.


Indemnification and insurance of Directors and Officers

The Group has not, during or since the financial year, in respect of any person who is or has been a Director or Officer of the Company or related body corporate:

a)
indemnified or made any relevant agreement for indemnifying against a liability incurred as a Director or Officer, including costs and expenses in successfully defending legal proceedings; or
 
 
 

 
14
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
 
b)
paid or agreed to pay a premium in respect of a contract insuring against liability incurred as a Director or Officer for the costs or expenses to defend legal proceedings, with the exception of the following matter:

The Group has paid premiums to insure each Director or Officer against the liabilities for costs and expenses incurred by them in defending legal proceedings arising out of their conduct involving a breach of duty in relation to the Company. The total annual premium of the insurance paid by the Company was $148,000 (2007: $166,000).

 
Directors' meetings
 
During the financial year ended 30 June, 2008, the number of meetings held and attended by each Director were:

 
 
Directors' meetings
Meetings of Committees
 
Audit
Remuneration
Number of meetings held:
11
3
1
       
Number of meetings attended:
     
PA Johnston
11
3
1
C Naughton
11
-
-
AJ Husband
11
-
-
PJ Nestel AO
11
3
1
PB Simpson
10
3
1
GM Leppinus
11
3
1

 
Committee membership
 
At the date of this report, the Company had an Audit Committee and a Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors.
 
Directors acting as members on the committees during the year were:
 
Audit                                                                              Remuneration
GM Leppinus (Chairman)                                                   PA Johnston (Chairman)
PA Johnston                                                                      GM Leppinus
PJ Nestel AO                                                                     PJ Nestel AO
PB Simpson                                                                       PB Simpson

During the year the Capital Works Committee was disbanded as there were no plans for major capital expenditures.

Rounding

The amounts contained in this Report and in the Financial Statements have been rounded off under the option available to the Company under ASIC Class Order 98/0100. The Company is an entity to which the Class Order applies. Amounts have been   rounded off to the nearest thousand dollars unless otherwise stated.
 
15
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
REMUNERATION REPORT – AUDITED
 
This report outlines the remuneration arrangements in place for Directors and executives of Novogen Limited.
 

A.  
Principles used to determine the nature and amount of remuneration

Remuneration philosophy

Remuneration is assessed for Directors   and senior executives with the overall objective of ensuring maximum stakeholder benefit from the retention of a high quality executive team. The appropriateness and nature of remuneration is assessed by reference to employment market conditions. The financial and non-financial objectives of the Company are also considered when assessing the remuneration of Directors and other key management personnel, however, Directors and other key management personnel’s annual remuneration has no variable performance bonus elements that are directly linked to Company financial performance with the exception of the CEO of Glycotex, Inc. Refer to section C “Employment Agreements” for details of performance bonus.

The Board has established a Remuneration Committee which is responsible for determining and reviewing compensation arrangements for the Managing Director, Executive Director and other key management personnel.

Director’s fees

The Constitution of the Company and the ASX Listing Rules specify that the aggregate remuneration of Non-executive Directors shall be determined from time to time by General Meeting. The latest determination for Novogen Limited was at the Annual General Meeting held on 28 October, 2005 when the shareholders approved an aggregate remuneration of $560,000. The total Non-executive Director remuneration of Novogen Limited for the year ended 30 June, 2008 utilised $274,000, (2007: $285,000) of this authorised amount.

The amount of aggregate remuneration sought to be approved by shareholders and the manner in which it is apportioned amongst Directors is reviewed periodically.

Non-executive Director remuneration

Fees to Non-executive Directors reflect the demands which are made on, and the responsibilities of the Directors. Non-executive Directors’ fees are reviewed periodically by the Board. In conducting these reviews the Board considers independent remuneration surveys to ensure Non-executive Directors’ fees are appropriate and in line with the market.

Each Non-executive Director receives a fee for being a Director of the Company. An additional fee is also paid for each Board committee on which a Director sits. The payment of additional fees for serving on a committee recognises the additional time commitment required by Non-executive Directors who serve on one or more committees.

Executive Directors and other key management personnel remuneration

The Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for determining and reviewing compensation arrangements for the Managing Director, Executive Director and other key management personnel. The Remuneration Committee assesses the appropriateness of the nature and amount of remuneration of such officers on a periodic basis by reference to relevant employment market conditions with the overall objective of ensuring maximum stakeholder benefit from the retention of a high quality executive team. Such officers are given the opportunity to receive their base remuneration, which is structured as a total employment cost package, in a variety of forms including cash and prescribed non-financial benefits. It is intended that the manner of payment chosen will be optimal for
 
16
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
the recipient without creating undue cost for the Group.

Long-term incentives.

All Executive Directors and executives have the opportunity to qualify for participation in the Employee Share Option Plan after achieving a qualifying service period.

Company result and movement in share price

The following table sets out summary information about the Group’s loss and movements in share price for the five years to June, 2008.

 
   
30 June, 2008
   
30 June, 2007
   
30 June, 2006
   
30 June, 2005
   
30 June, 2004
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                               
Revenue
    13,283       17,295       17,445       17,678       16,446  
Net Loss
    (24,777 )     (24,296 )     (17,913 )     (12,281 )     (12,579 )
                                         
   
30 June 2008
   
30 June 2007
   
30 June 2006
   
30 June 2005
   
30 June 2004
 
    $     $     $     $     $  
                                         
Share price at start of year
    2.02       2.50       4.70       5.33       5.20  
Share price at end of year
    1.16       1.98       2.38       4.65       5.30  
                                         
Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share (cents)
    (20.8 )     (20.5 )     (16.7 )     (11.5 )     (11.4 )
 
B.  
Details of remuneration

Details of the remuneration of the Directors of Novogen Limited and other key management personnel and group executives of the Novogen Group are set out in the following tables. Unless otherwise stated all Directors, other key management personnel and Group executives were in office for the whole of the financial year ending 30 June, 2008.

The key management personnel of the Group are:

Directors
·  
PA Johnston                                             Chairman (Non-executive)
·  
C Naughton                                              CEO
·  
AJ Husband                                              Executive Director
·  
GM Leppinus                                            Director (Non-executive)
·  
PJ Nestel AO                                             Director (Non-executive)
·  
PB Simpson                                              Director (Non-executive)

Other key management personnel

·  
DR Seaton – Chief Financial Officer
·  
WJ Lancaster – VP Commercial and Corporate Development
·  
BM Palmer – Operations General Manager
·  
CD Kearney – General Manager Consumer Business
·  
RL Erratt – Company Secretary

 
17
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
In addition, the following person is disclosed under the Corporations Act 2001 as he is among the 5 highest remunerated Group executives.

·  
R Koenig – CEO Glycotex, Inc.

There are no executives of Novogen Limited as all executives are employed by other group companies.


Remuneration of key management personnel and other Group executives
(includes movements in executive leave provisions for untaken annual and long service leave)
 
 
   
Short term benefits
   
Post employment
   
Long term benefits
   
Share based
payments
   
Total
 
 2008                        
Salary & fees
   
Cash bonus
   
Non-
monetary benefits
   
Superannuation
   
Long Service Leave
   
Options
       
    $     $     $     $     $      $        %   $  
Key management personnel
                                                             
Non-executive Directors
                                                             
PA Johnston (i)
    97,038       -       -       99,716       -       -       -       196,754  
GM Leppinus
    27,522       -       -       31,478       -       -       -       59,000  
PJ Nestel AO (ii)
    104,000       -       -       -       -       -       -       104,000  
PB Simpson
    54,585       -       -       4,915       -       -       -       59,500  
                                                                 
Executive Directors
                                                               
C Naughton (iii)
    697,482       -       63,353       100,000       43,739       29,405       3.1 %     933,979  
AJ Husband
    325,881       -       55,694       100,000       21,667       41,844       7.7 %     545,086  
                                                                 
Executives
                                                               
DR Seaton (iii)
    381,815       -       55,883       100,000       18,197       70,963       11.3 %     626,858  
WJ Lancaster (US)
    195,485       -       31,808       -       -       32,066       12.4 %     259,359  
BM Palmer
    182,932       -       38,479       16,338       (4,030 )     38,826       14.2 %     272,545  
CD Kearney
    208,494       -       22,094       18,500       7,541       40,133       13.5 %     296,762  
RL Erratt
    101,109       -       42,877       100,000       15,894       37,445       12.6 %     297,325  
                                                                 
Other Group executives
                                                               
R Koenig (iv)
    316,314       52,966       21,098       20,560       -       -       -       410,938  
      2,692,657       52,966       331,286       591,507       103,008       290,682       7.2 %     4,062,106  
 
(i) Remuneration includes Director’s fees of $100,754 paid by Marshall Edwards and Glycotex.
(ii) Remuneration includes Director’s fees of $45,000 paid by Marshall Edwards.
(iii) Remuneration includes Director’s fees of $55,754 paid by Glycotex.
(iv) Remuneration includes performance milestone bonus of US$45,000 or 12.9% of total remuneration.
 
 

 
18
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
 
   
Short term benefits
   
Post employment
   
Long term
benefits
   
Share based
payments
   
Total
 
2007                   
 
Salary & fees
   
Cash bonus
   
Non-monetary benefits
   
Superannuation
   
Long Service
Leave
   
Options
       
    $     $     $ $     $      $      %     $  
Key management personnel
                                                             
Non-executive Directors
                                                             
PA Johnston (i)
    139,973       -       -       56,374       -       -       -       196,347  
GM Leppinus
    2,000       -       -       49,000       -       -       -       51,000  
PJ Nestel AO (ii)
    98,250       -       -       -       -       -       -       98,250  
LC Read *
    24,313       -       -       2,187       -               -       26,500  
PB Simpson
    54,128       -       -       4,872       -       -       -       59,000  
                                                                 
Executive Directors
                                                               
C Naughton (iii)
    597,467       -       59,047       105,113       20,061       -       -       781,688  
AJ Husband
    313,492       -       57,590       60,725       7,958       51,876       10.6 %     491,641  
                                                                 
Executives
                                                               
DR Seaton (iii)
    323,586       -       47,522       100,587       9,428       61,142       11.3 %     542,265  
WJ Lancaster (US)
    200,032       -       26,326       -       -       26,941       10.6 %     253,299  
BM Palmer
    164,600       -       32,133       15,144       6,363       33,657       13.4 %     251,897  
CD Kearney
    203,216       -       16,995       17,761       18,444       34,665       11.9 %     291,081  
RL Erratt
    136,227       -       25,369       39,629       2,402       33,149       14.0 %     236,776  
                                                                 
Other Group executives
                                                               
R Koenig
    346,522       -       20,556       17,171       -       -       -       384,249  
      2,603,806       -       285,538       468,563       64,656       241,430       6.6 %     3,663,993  
 
* LC Read resigned as a Non-executive Director on 30 January 2007
(i) Remuneration includes Director’s fees of $104,847 paid by Marshall Edwards and Glycotex.
(ii) Remuneration includes Director’s fees of $41,250 paid by Marshall Edwards.
(iii) Remuneration includes Director’s fees of $47,698 paid by Glycotex.


C.  
Employment Agreements

Novogen Executive Directors and key management executives (standard contracts)

It is the Remuneration Committee policy that employment contracts are entered into with the Chief Executive Officer, the Research Director, and each of the executives who are considered key management personnel. These contracts for service commenced in June 2006 and are for terms of three years with a notice period of six months. Under the terms of the contracts, the amount of remuneration may be reviewed from time to time during the contract period at the discretion of the Remuneration Committee. Key management executives are given the opportunity to receive their base remuneration, which is structured as a total employment cost package, in a variety of forms including cash and prescribed non financial benefits.

In the event of the Company terminating the employment under the terms of the contract, the Company shall pay the pro-rata balance of the unexpired contract term plus an additional amount of one and one half times the then current annual remuneration of the employee. However, the maximum payable on termination by the Company will be three years remuneration. The minimum payable on termination by the Company will be eighteen months remuneration. The Company may terminate the contracts at anytime without notice if serious misconduct has occurred. Where such termination “with cause” occurs, there is no entitlement to termination payments under the contract. On termination, any unvested options issued under the Employee Option scheme are immediately forfeited.


Chief Executive Officer – Glycotex, Inc.

The CEO of Glycotex, Inc. is employed under an employment agreement that commenced in December 2005 and was subsequently amended in January 2008. This employment contract has no expiry date. Under the terms of the current employment contract Dr Koenig is entitled to a base salary of US$300,000 per annum. Dr Koenig’s employment agreement also provides that Dr Koenig receive a
 
 
19
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
cash bonus upon the consummation of a Glycotex IPO, subject to achievement of certain performance milestones relating to the amount of net proceeds received and Glycotex, Inc. market capitalisation.

Under the terms of the current employment contract Dr Koenig is entitled to share options equal to 5% of the outstanding Glycotex shares on a fully diluted basis following a Glycotex IPO. The exercise price will be the average of the high and low trading prices of the common stock on the first day of trading in the public market after this offering. Twenty percent of the total stock option granted will vest immediately upon consummation of an IPO. The remaining options granted will vest in four equal installments on each of the first four anniversaries of the consummation of this offering.

In the event that Dr Koenig’s employment is terminated without cause or for good reason or Glycotex, Inc. undergoes a change in control, he will be entitled to certain severance and change in control benefits including:

(1)
In the event of his termination without cause or for good reason, Dr Koenig will be entitled to receive continued payment of his base salary and reimbursement of premiums he pays for continued health coverage under COBRA during the twelve month period following such termination.
   
(2)
In the event of his termination without cause or for good reason during the one year following a change in control, to the extent not vested, the stock option granted to Dr Koenig upon the initial public offering will become fully vested.
   
(3)
In the event that Glycotex undergoes a change in control, fifty percent of each of the four installments of Dr Koenig’s stock options issuable to him in connection with the offering will become fully vested. In addition, in the event that Dr Koenig’s employment is terminated without cause or good reason within the one year period following a change in control, to the extent not vested, the stock options granted to Dr Koenig upon the initial public offering will vest.

Upon the termination of Dr Koenig’s employment for cause or his resignation other than for good reason, Dr Koenig will be entitled only to any amounts earned and payable but not yet paid, and for reimbursement of business or relocation expenses properly incurred but not yet paid.


D. Share Based Compensation

Employee share option plan

All Executive Directors and executives and other staff have the opportunity to qualify for participation in the Employee Share Option Plan after achieving a qualifying service period. The qualifying service period is determined from time to time by the Board under the terms of the employee share option plan and employees are currently required to have completed one year service before they are eligible for a grant of options. The amount and timing of options issued under the terms of the employee option plan is entirely at the discretion of the Board.

Each option issued under the Employee Share Option Plan entitles its holder to acquire one fully paid ordinary share and is exercisable at a price equal to the weighted average price of such shares at the close of trading on the Australian Stock Exchange Limited for the five days prior to the date of issue. Options vest equally over a four year period from date of grant and expire five years after grant date. No performance conditions apply to the options granted, however, the unvested option lapses if the employee ceases to be an employee during the vesting period. Options are not transferable and can not be settled by the Company in cash. The Employee Share Option Plan provides that in the event of a change of control of the Company or in the event that the Company is taken over, outstanding options become exercisable regardless of vesting status.

There are no performance criteria relating to employee share options because the philosophy behind the employee share scheme is to encourage a general level of ownership in the Company by
 
 
20
DIRECTORS' REPORT
 
 
employees and align their interests with those of shareholders. The scheme is modest in scale and is principally designed to foster teamwork and the benefits of pursuing shared goals.

Remuneration options: granted and vested during the year
 
During the financial year options were granted as equity compensation benefits to certain key management personnel as disclosed below. The options were issued free of charge. Each option entitles the holder to subscribe for one fully paid ordinary share in Novogen Limited at an exercise price detailed in the table below. The options expire five years after grant date and vest annually in four equal instalments commencing one year after grant date, with the exception of the Executive Directors whose options are approved and granted at the Annual General Meeting of shareholders. These options have vesting dates and expiry dates aligned with the staff options issued, which do not require shareholder approval. Should employment be terminated, all unvested options are immediately forfeited.
 
The following table sets out options issued to key management personnel during the year:
 
 
   
Terms and conditions for each grant
   
Granted
number
 
Grant date
 
Value per
option at
grant date
   
Exercise
price per
share
 
First
exercise
date
Last
exercise
date
           
($)
   
($)
     
Executive Directors
               
C Naughton
    91,196  
26/10/2007
    0.66       2.41  
30/03/2008
30/03/2012
AJ Husband
    50,472  
26/10/2007
    0.66       2.41  
30/03/2008
30/03/2012
                               
Executives
                             
DR Seaton
    125,492  
1/03/2008
    0.60       1.06  
1/03/2009
1/03/2013
WJ Lancaster (US)
    53,020  
1/03/2008
    0.60       1.06  
1/03/2009
1/03/2013
BM Palmer
    67,864  
1/03/2008
    0.60       1.06  
1/03/2009
1/03/2013
CD Kearney
    69,560  
1/03/2008
    0.60       1.06  
1/03/2009
1/03/2013
RL Erratt
    63,836  
1/03/2008
    0.60       1.06  
1/03/2009
1/03/2013
                               
Total
    521,440                        
 
Shares issued on exercise of remuneration options
 
No key management personnel or executives exercised remuneration options during the year ended 30 June, 2008.

 
Value of options for key management personnel, granted, exercised or lapsed during the year ended 30 June, 2008

   
Options Granted
 
Value at grant date $
   
Options
Exercised
Value at
exercise date $
   
Options Lapsed
 
Value at time of
Lapse $
   
Total value of options granted, exercised and lapsed $
 
           
 
 
C Naughton
    60,189       -       -       60,189  
AJ Husband
    33,312       -       -       33,312  
DR Seaton
    75,295       -       -       75,295  
WJ Lancaster (US)
    31,812       -       -       31,812  
BM Palmer
    40,718       -       -       40,718  
CD Kearney
    41,736       -       -       41,736  
RL Erratt
    38,302       -       -       38,302  
                                 
      321,364       -       -       321,364  
 
 
21
DIRECTORS' REPORT

 
For details on the valuation of the options, including models and assumptions used, please refer to Note 15.

There were no alterations to the terms and conditions of options granted as remuneration since their grant date.

The maximum grant, which will be payable assuming that all vesting service criteria are met, is equal to $385,000. The minimum grant payable assuming that vesting service criteria are not met is zero.

There is no Board policy in relation to staff members limiting their exposure to risk as options vest subject to service criteria, not performance criteria.

End of Audited Remuneration Report.
 
 
 
22
DIRECTORS' REPORT

 
AUDITOR’S INDEPENDENCE AND NON-AUDIT SERVICES

 
A copy of the Auditor’s independence declaration required under section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001 is set out on page 24.

Non-audit services

The following non-audit services were provided by the entities’ Auditor BDO Kendalls (NSW) (“BDO”). The Directors are satisfied that the provision of non-audit services is compatible with the general standard of independence for auditors imposed by the Corporations Act 2001. The nature and scope of each type of non-audit service means that auditor independence was not compromised.

BDO received or are due to receive the following amounts for the provision of non-audit services during the year.

Tax compliance services                                                                                                 $26,109
MEI Form S3 audit and review costs                                                                               $25,726
Sarbanes Oxley Section 404                                                                                            $81,195
Review of Government grants                                                                                           $2,980
Other miscellaneous matters.                                                                                              $ 8,007
                                                                                                                              $138,605

Signed in accordance with a Resolution of the Board of Directors.



/s/ Christopher Naughton

Christopher Naughton
Managing Director


Sydney, 27 August, 2008


23
 
 
 
 

 
  BDO ADDRESS     BDO ADDRESS
 




DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE BY WAYNE BASFORD
TO THE DIRECTORS OF NOVOGEN LIMITED


As lead auditor of Novogen Limited for the year ended 30 June 2008, I declare that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, there have been no contraventions of:

·  
the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the audit; and

·  
any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit.

This declaration is in respect of Novogen Limited an the entities it controlled during the period

/s/ Wayne Basford

WAYNE BASFORD
Partner

/s/ BDO

BDO Kendalls
Chartered Accountants


Dated in Sydney, this 27 th   day of August, 2008
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 

 
24
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
 

 
The Board of Directors of Novogen Limited is responsible for the corporate governance of the Company. The Board guides and monitors the business and affairs of Novogen Limited on behalf of the shareholders by whom they are elected and to whom they are accountable. The principle features of Novogen’s corporate governance regime are set out in this corporate governance statement. The relevant codes, policies and charters that underpin the Company’s corporate governance practices are available on the Company’s website: www.novogen.com

ASX Corporate Governance Council guidelines

The Company through the reporting period had corporate governance practices which are consistent in all material respects with the ASX Corporate Governance Council best practice recommendations except in regards to the establishment of a nomination committee. The Board continues to review and update its corporate governance practices to ensure it meets the interests of shareholders. The Company believes that it achieves compliance in a manner appropriate for smaller listed entities.

Nomination Committee

Recommendation 2.4 requires listed entities to establish a Nomination Committee. The duties and responsibility typically delegated to such a committee are included in the responsibilities of the entire Board. Accordingly, during the year ended 30 June, 2008, Novogen Limited did not have a separately established Nomination Committee. The Board does not believe that any marked efficiencies or enhancements would be achieved by the creation of a separate Nomination Committee.

Corporate Governance Principles

1. Lay solid foundations for management and oversight

  Board of Directors

The function of the Board of   Directors is clearly defined in the Board charter and includes the responsibility for:

·  
providing strategic direction for the Company and approving the annual budget;
·  
monitoring financial performance against budget;
·  
determining the capital structure of the Company including the allotment of new capital;
·  
monitoring the performance of the Company’s risk management and internal controls; and
·  
monitoring managerial performance and determining delegated responsibility.

2. Structure the Board to add value

The Board comprises four Non-executive independent Directors and two Executive Directors. Directors are considered to be independent when they are independent of management and free from any business or other relationship that could materially interfere with, or could reasonably be perceived to materially interfere with, the exercise of their unfettered and independent judgement. In the context of Director independence, “materiality” is considered from both the Company and individual Director perspective.

In determining whether a Non-executive Director is independent the following factors are taken into account. They must not:
·  
hold more than 5% of the Company’s outstanding shares;
·  
have been employed as an executive within the last 3 years;
·  
have been a Principal of a material professional advisor or consultant;
·  
have a material contractual relationship with the Company;
·  
have served on the Board for a period which could be perceived to interfere with their ability to act in the best interests of the Company; and
·  
be engaged in any business interests which could be perceived to interfere with their ability to act in the best interests of the Company.

 
 
25
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT

 
In accordance with the definition of independence above, and the materiality thresholds set, the following Directors of Novogen Limited are considered to be independent:

Name
Position
   
PA Johnston
Non-executive Chairman
GM Leppinus
Non-executive Director
PJ Nestel
Non-executive Director
PB Simpson
Non-executive Director


The term in office held by each Director in office at June 30, 2008 is as follows:

Name
Term in Office
   
PA Johnston
11 years
C Naughton
11 years
AJ Husband
  2 years
GM Leppinus
  3 years
PJ Nestel
  7 years
PB Simpson
13 years

The skills, expertise and experience relevant to the position of Director held by each Director in office at the date of this annual report is included in the Directors’ Report on page 4.

The Board has established two committees including the Remuneration Committee and the Audit Committee. The role of the Audit Committee is discussed under item 4 of this report. The Remuneration Report is set out on page 16.

3. Promote ethical and responsible decision making

Code of conduct

The Board has approved a Code of Conduct applicable for all Directors and employees. The code requires that at all time Company personnel act with the utmost integrity, objectivity and in compliance with the letter and spirit of the law and Company policies.

Share trading policy

The Company has developed a policy for the trading in Company securities by Directors and senior staff and it is detailed in the Company’s Code of Conduct. Trading is only permitted in designated trading windows in the 30 days following the release of the half yearly and annual financial results to the market and the 30 day period following that Annual General Meeting.

The Code of Conduct which includes the policy on share trading is available on the Company’s website.
 
 
26
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
 
 
4. Safeguard integrity in financial reporting

Audit Committee

The Board has an Audit Committee which comprises the independent non-executive Directors and operates under a charter approved by the Board. It is the Board’s responsibility to ensure that an effective internal control framework exists within the Group. This includes internal controls to deal with both the effectiveness and efficiency of significant business processes, the safeguarding of assets, the maintenance of proper accounting records and the reliability of financial information as well as non-financial considerations such as bench marking of operational key performance indicators. The Board has delegated the responsibility for the establishment and maintenance of a framework of internal control and ethical standards for the management of the Company to the Audit Committee.

The Audit Committee is responsible for the selection and appointment of the external auditors.

The Audit Committee reviews the performance of the external auditor on an annual basis and meets with it to discuss audit planning matters and statutory reporting requirements. The Audit committee also assesses whether non-audit services provided by the external auditor are consistent with maintaining auditor independence. The Audit committee also meets periodically with the auditor without management being present.

The current external auditor, BDO Kendalls (NSW) (“BDO”) attends the Annual General meeting. BDO rotates its audit engagement partner for listed companies at least every five years.

The Audit Committee also provides the Board with additional assurance regarding the reliability of financial information for inclusion in the financial reports. The Board is of the view that the skill and experience of its members are sufficient to enable the committee to discharge its responsibilities within its charter. The members of the Audit Committee during the year were Geoffrey Leppinus (Chairman), Paul Nestel, Philip Johnston and Peter Simpson.

Qualifications of Audit Committee members

Qualifications of the members of the Audit Committee are contained in the Directors’ Report.

For details on the number of Audit Committee meetings held during the year and the attendees at those meetings refer to page 15 of the Directors’ Report.

5. Making timely and balanced disclosure

Continuous disclosure

The Company has written policies and procedures on continuous information disclosure concerning the group. This is information which a reasonable person would expect to have a material impact on the price of the Company’s securities.

Proposed announcements are generally reviewed and approved by the Board prior to release to the ASX and hence to the shareholders, media, analysts brokers and the public.

The disclosure policy is overseen and coordinated by the Company Secretary, who has responsibility for ensuring compliance with the continuous disclosure requirements of the Australian Securities Exchange (”ASX”) Listing Rules. Announcements are posted on the Company’s website after they have been released to the ASX. A summary of the Company’s policy on continuous disclosure is available on the Company’s website.
 
 
27
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
 

6. Respect the rights of shareholders

The Company aims to provide good quality clear communications to shareholders.

Shareholders can access the Company’s annual report and periodic newsletters on the Company web site. The Company’s website includes presentations, transcripts of corporate presentations, links to analysts reports and Annual Meeting transcripts and is a key source of information for shareholders and prospective shareholders.

The Company views the annual general meeting of shareholders as an opportunity for shareholders to ask questions of the Board. The external auditor attends all annual meetings and is also available to answer shareholder questions.

7. Recognise and manage risk

The Board has established controls to safeguard the interests of the Group and to ensure Group policies are in place to minimise risk. These include policies that:
·  
ensure Board approval of a strategic plan, which encompasses the Group’s vision, mission and strategy statements, designed to meet stakeholders needs and manage business risk;
·  
ensure that capital expenditure above a set level is approved by the Board;
·  
ensure business risks are appropriately managed through an insurance and risk management program;
·  
ensure that safety, health, environmental standards and management systems are monitored and reviewed to achieve high standards of compliance and performance;
·  
ensure that cash resources are invested in high quality, secure, financial institutions; and
·  
ensure implementation of Board approved operating plans and budgets and Board monitoring of progress against these budgets, including the establishment and monitoring of key performance indicators.

Responsibility for establishing and maintaining effective risk management strategies rests with senior management. The senior management group is also responsible for the risk management culture throughout the Company. The Board oversees the Company’s risk management systems which have been established by management for assessing and managing operational, financial reporting and compliance risks for the Group.

CEO and CFO Certification

The   Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have provided a written statement to the Board:
·  
that the financial reports are complete and present a true and fair view, in all material respects, of the financial condition and operational results of the Company and Group and are in accordance with relevant accounting standards; and
·  
that the above statement is founded on a sound system of risk management and internal controls are operating efficiently and effectively in all material respects. 

Environmental regulation and health and safety

The Board considers the management of occupational health and safety and environmental issues are vital for the success of the business. The Company has established an occupational health and safety committee to review and manage the work place safety and environment issues.

The Group holds licences issued by the Environmental Protection Authority which specify the manner of waste disposal for the Group’s pilot manufacturing operations in North Ryde. The Group also holds Dangerous Goods licenses for its pilot manufacturing operations in Australia.

There have been no significant known breaches of the Group’s licence conditions.

28
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT

 
8. Encourage enhanced performance

Operation of the Board

During the year the Board met eleven times and in addition, attended two scientific strategic update workshops.

The performance of the Group is monitored on a monthly basis. Monthly financial reports are presented and analysed for the group and progress of the critical research and development programs are monitored and reviewed. The Board also reviews the Group’s progress against the objectives outlined in the strategic plan.

In addition the Directors analyse Board papers and reports submitted by management. Management regularly attend Board meetings to report on particular issues affecting the Company and the Board also engages in regular informal discussions with management.

Performance

The performance of the Board is reviewed regularly by the Chairman. The performance of each Director is continually monitored by the Chairman and fellow Directors.

The performance of the Board is assessed against its effectiveness in ensuring the Company has appropriate strategies to achieve organisational success and that adequate monitoring of organisational and financial performance takes place to meet strategic goals and minimise or manage all forms of risk which may impinge on the Company’s overall performance.

The Chairman seeks ongoing feedback from individual Directors on any aspect of Board performance and, where appropriate, significant matters are tabled at a full Board meeting for further discussion and resolution.

The Chairman conducts an interview with individual Directors on an annual basis covering Board structure and adequacy of skills, meeting process and the performance of the Board both collectively and individually. An overall assessment of these discussions is recorded in the Board minutes and any significant issues are raised for further discussion, resolution and appropriate action.

There are procedures in place, agreed by the Board, to assist Directors in the performance of their duties to the Company and shareholders, by seeking independent professional advice at the Company’s expense. Each Director has direct access to the Company Secretary and the Company Secretary has accountability to the Board on all governance matters.

For additional details regarding Board appointments please refer to the Company’s website.

9. Remunerate fairly and responsibly

Remuneration Committee.

The Board has established a Remuneration Committee which is responsible for determining and reviewing compensation arrangements for the Managing Director, Executive Director and other key management personnel.
 
The Remuneration Committee comprises independent Non-executive Directors and has responsibility for reviewing and setting the remuneration of the Executive Directors and key management personnel by reference to independent data, external professional advice and the requirement to retain high quality management.
 
29
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
 

Remuneration policies are established to attract and retain highly qualified Directors and senior management and scientists. The Remuneration Committee obtains independent advice on the appropriateness of remuneration levels.

The members of the   Remuneration, Committee during the year were, Philip Johnston (Chairman), Paul Nestel, Geoffrey Leppinus and Peter Simpson.

Details on the number of meetings held and number of meetings attended by each Committee member are contained on page 15 in the Directors’ Report.


10. Recognise the legitimate interests of stakeholders

The Company recognised that it has a diverse range of stakeholders including:
·  
shareholders;
·  
employees;
·  
suppliers and customers;
·  
scientific collaborators; and
·  
patients who receive our drug compounds as part of our clinical trial programs.

The Company’s Board Charter and Corporate Governance Guidelines sets out the code of conduct expected of all Novogen’s Directors and employees in dealing with external stakeholders. The Company also has policies and procedures for dealing with environment and occupational health and safety issues and policies to avoid conflicts of interest. The Company supplies all employees with an employee manual which sets out, among other things, the code of conduct and occupational health and safety standards which must be adhered to.

The Company acknowledges that as a public corporation it has responsibilities to a wide stakeholder group.
 
 
30
NOVOGEN LIMITED AND CONTROLLED ENTITIES
 

 
INCOME STATEMENTS
                             
for the year ended 30 June, 2008
                             
   
Notes
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
         
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
         
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Continuing Operations
                             
Revenue
    2       13,283       17,295       1,263       1,300  
Cost of sales
            (4,090 )     (6,945 )     -       -  
                                         
Gross profit
            9,193       10,350       1,263       1,300  
                                         
Other income
    2       1,623       2,710       -       2,479  
                                         
Research & development expenses
            (18,811 )     (16,134 )     -       -  
Selling & promotional expenses
            (6,134 )     (7,908 )     -       -  
Shipping and handling expenses
            (300 )     (392 )     -       -  
General and administrative expenses
            (9,792 )     (12,902 )     (4,874 )     (2,899 )
Other expenses
            (528 )     (17 )     -       -  
Finance costs
            (24 )     (2 )     (23 )     -  
                                         
(Loss)/profit before income tax
    2       (24,773 )     (24,295 )     (3,634 )     880  
                                         
Income tax expense
    3       (4 )     (1 )     -       -  
                                         
                                         
(Loss)/profit for the period
            (24,777 )     (24,296 )     (3,634 )     880  
                                         
Loss attributable to minority interest
            4,513       4,315       -       -  
                                         
(Loss)/profit attributable to members of Novogen Limited
    14 (c)     (20,264 )     (19,981 )     (3,634 )     880  
                                         
Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share (cents)
    4       (20.8 )     (20.5 )                

 
31
NOVOGEN LIMITED AND CONTROLLED ENTITIES
 
 
BALANCE SHEETS
                             
as at 30 June, 2008
                             
   
Notes
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
         
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
         
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
CURRENT ASSETS
                             
Cash and cash equivalents
    5       35,386       39,511       12,810       16,514  
Trade and other receivables
    6       4,969       4,276       2,070       40  
Inventories
    7       1,929       3,899       -       -  
Other current assets
    8       542       630       401       534  
Assets held for sale
    9       -       2,203       -       -  
Total current assets
            42,826       50,519       15,281       17,088  
                                         
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
                                       
Property, plant and equipment
    10       575       838       -       -  
Other financial assets
    11       -       -       -       54  
Total non-current assets
            575       838       -       54  
                                         
TOTAL ASSETS
            43,401       51,357       15,281       17,142  
                                         
CURRENT LIABILITIES
                                       
Trade and other payables
    12       6,671       5,920       1,300       129  
Provisions
    13       708       539       -       -  
Total current liabilities
            7,379       6,459       1,300       129  
                                         
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
                                       
Provisions
    13       385       272       -       -  
Total non-current liabilities
            385       272       -       -  
                                         
TOTAL LIABILITIES
            7,764       6,731       1,300       129  
 
NET ASSETS
            35,637       44,626       13,981       17,013  
                                         
EQUITY
                                       
Contributed equity
    14 (a)     200,432       191,876       127,573       127,573  
Reserves
    14 (b)     (7,491 )     (5,155 )     -       -  
Accumulated losses
    14 (c)     (162,251 )     (146,147 )     (113,592 )     (110,560 )
Parent interest
            30,690       40,574       13,981       17,013  
                                         
Minority Interest
    14 (d)     4,947       4,052       -       -  
                                         
TOTAL EQUITY
            35,637       44,626       13,981       17,013  
 
 
 
32
NOVOGEN LIMITED AND CONTROLLED ENTITIES

 
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
                               
for the year ended 30 June, 2008
                                   
                                     
                                     
Consolidated
 
Contributed
equity
   
Accumulated losses
   
Reserves
   
Total
   
Minority
interest
   
Total
equity
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                                     
At 1 July, 2006
    176,989       (131,700 )     (2,847 )     42,442       2,136       44,578  
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations
    -       -       (2,607 )     (2,607 )     (1,312 )     (3,919 )
Share-based payments
    -       2,303               2,303       478       2,781  
Net income recognised directly in equity
    176,989       (129,397 )     (5,454 )     42,138       1,302       43,440  
Issue of share capital by subsidiary
    24,371       -       -       24,371       -       24,371  
less minority interest
    (5,277 )     -       -       (5,277 )     5,277       -  
Options exercised (1)
    513       -       -       513       -       513  
Loss for the period
    -       (19,981 )     -       (19,981 )     (4,315 )     (24,296 )
Share of opening equity transferred to minority interest due to issuance of shares by subsidiary
    (4,720 )     3,231       299       (1,190 )     1,788       598  
At 30 June, 2007
    191,876       (146,147 )     (5,155 )     40,574       4,052       44,626  
                                                 
At 1 July, 2007
    191,876       (146,147 )     (5,155 )     40,574       4,052       44,626  
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations
    -       -       (2,729 )     (2,729 )     (1,046 )     (3,775 )
Share-based payments
    -       850       -       850       284       1,134  
Net income recognised directly in equity
    191,876       (145,297 )     (7,884 )     38,695       3,290       41,985  
Issue of share capital by subsidiary
    18,429       -       -       18,429       -       18,429  
less minority interest
    (5,334 )     -       -       (5,334 )     5,334       -  
Loss for the period
    -       (20,264 )     -       (20,264 )     (4,513 )     (24,777 )
Share of opening equity transferred to minority interest due to issuance of shares by subsidiary
    (4,539 )     3,310       393       (836 )     836       -  
At 30 June, 2008
    200,432       (162,251 )     (7,491 )     30,690       4,947       35,637  
                                                 
 
Novogen Limited
 
Contributed
equity
   
Accumulated losses
   
Reserves
   
Total
   
Minority
interest
   
Total
equity
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                                     
At 1 July, 2006
    127,060       (112,038 )     -       15,022       -       15,022  
Share-based payments
    -       598       -       598       -       598  
Net income recognised directly in equity
    127,060       (111,440 )     -       15,620       -       15,620  
Options exercised (1)
    513       -       -       513       -       513  
Profit for the period
    -       880       -       880       -       880  
At 30 June, 2007
    127,573       (110,560 )     -       17,013       -       17,013  
                                                 
At 1 July, 2007
    127,573       (110,560 )     -       17,013       -       17,013  
Share-based payments
    -       602       -       602       -       602  
Net income recognised directly in equity
    127,573       (109,958 )     -       17,615       -       17,615  
Options exercised (2)
    -               -       -       -       -  
Loss for the period
    -       (3,634 )     -       (3,634 )     -       (3,634 )
At 30 June, 2008
    127,573       (113,592 )     -       13,981       -       13,981  
 
 
33
NOVOGEN LIMITED AND CONTROLLED ENTITIES
 

 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
                         
for the year ended 30 June, 2008
                         
                           
 
Notes
 
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
     
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
     
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                           
Cash flows from operating activities
                         
Net (loss)/profit before tax
      (24,773 )     (24,295 )     (3,634 )     880  
Income tax paid
      (4 )     (1 )     -       -  
                                   
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss)/profit to net cash used in operating activities:
                 
Depreciation and amortisation
      353       976       -       -  
Net (gain)/loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    (1,623 )     17       -       -  
Share-based payments
      602       2,686       -       -  
Allowance for write down to recoverable amount
      -       -       1,459       598  
                                   
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                                 
(increase)/decrease in trade receivables
      300       388       -       -  
(increase)/decrease in other receivables
      1,007       (128 )     (2,030 )     (6 )
(increase)/decrease in inventories
      1,970       4,487       -       -  
(increase)/decrease in prepayments
      88       55       2,133       (11 )
increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables
      751       274       1,171       18  
increase/(decrease) in provisions
      282       (48 )     (1,185 )     (2,479 )
exchange rate change on opening cash
      937       981       553       688  
                                   
Net cash flows used in operating activities
      (20,110 )     (14,608 )     (1,533 )     (312 )
                                   
Cash flows from investing activities
                                 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
      (95 )     (299 )     -       -  
Investment in subsidiary
      -       -       (803 )     -  
Proceeds from sale of plant and equipment
      3,831       262       -       -  
Loans repaid by controlled entities
      -       -       1,185       2,479  
                                   
Net cash flows from/(used in) investing activities
      3,736       (37 )     382       2,479  
                                   
Financing Activities
                                 
Proceeds from the issue of ordinary shares
      -       513       -       513  
Proceeds from the issue of shares by subsidiary
      18,961       24,371       -       -  
Repayment of borrowings
      -       (15 )     -       -  
Investment in short-term deposits
      (2,000 )     -       (2,000 )     -  
                                   
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities
      16,961       24,869       (2,000 )     513  
                                   
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
      587       10,224       (3,151 )     2,680  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
      38,511       30,513       15,514       11,522  
Effect of exchange rates on cash holdings in foreign currencies
    (4,712 )     (4,226 )     (553 )     (688 )
Movements in secured facility
      -       2,000       -       2,000  
                                   
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
5
    34,386       38,511       11,810       15,514  

 
34
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The financial report of Novogen Limited for the year ended 30 June, 2008 was authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors on 27 August, 2008.
 
 
Note 1.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The significant accounting policies which have been adopted in the preparation of the financial report are:

Basis of preparation

The financial report is a general-purpose financial report, which has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Corporations Act 2001, Australian Accounting Standards, other authorative pronouncements of the AASB and UIG Interpretations. The financial report has also been prepared on a historical cost basis with all amounts presented in Australian dollars, rounded to the nearest thousand dollars ($’000), unless otherwise stated.

Statement of compliance

The financial report complies with Australian Accounting Standards, being Australian equivalents to International Financial Reporting Standards (AIFRS). Compliance with AIFRS ensures that the financial report, comprising the financial statements and notes thereto, complies with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of Novogen Limited and its subsidiaries as at 30 June each year (the “Group”).

The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period as the parent company, using consistent accounting policies.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, all inter-company balances and transactions, income and expenses and profit and losses resulting from intra-group transactions have been eliminated in full.

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and cease to be consolidated from the date on which control is transferred out of the Group.

Minority interests represent the portion of profit or loss and net assets in Marshall Edwards, Inc. and Glycotex, Inc. not held by the Group and are presented separately in the Income Statement and within equity in the consolidated Balance Sheet.

Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions

(i) Significant accounting judgements
In the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies, management has made the following judgement, apart from those involving estimations.

Research and development expenses
The Directors do not consider the development programs to be sufficiently advanced to reliably determine the economic benefits and technical feasibility to justify capitalisation of development costs. These costs have been recognised as an expense when incurred.

(ii) Significant accounting estimates and assumptions
The carrying amounts of certain assets and liabilities are often determined based on estimates and assumptions of future events. The key estimates and
35
assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of certain assets and liabilities within the next annual reporting period are:

Share-based payment transactions
The Group measures the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair value of equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. The fair value is determined using a binomial model, using the assumptions detailed in Note 15.

Impairments
The Group assesses impairment at each reporting date by evaluating conditions specific to the Group that may lead to impairment of assets. Where an impairment trigger exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is determined. Value-in-use calculations performed in assessing recoverable amounts incorporate a number of key estimates.

Adoption of new accounting standards

The Group has adopted AASB 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures and all consequential amendments which became applicable on 1 January, 2007. The adoption of this standard has only affected the disclosure in these financial statements. There has been no affect on profit and loss or the financial position of the Group.

The Group has adopted AASB Interpretation 11 which clarifies the accounting treatment under AASB 2: Share-Based Payments where the parent entity grants rights to its equity instruments to employees of its subsidiaries, or where a subsidiary grants to its employees rights to equity instruments of its parent. The Interpretation applies to periods commencing on or after 1 March 2007. Novogen Limited issued share options to employees of subsidiaries for employee services rendered to these subsidiaries. Comparatives in the 30 June 2008 financial report of the parent entity have been restated to increase the investment in subsidiary and equity by $549,000 at 30 June, 2007. A corresponding restatement to increase the allowance for write down to recoverable amount of the investment and decrease equity by $549,000 has also been made at 30 June, 2007.

AASB 2007- 4 inserts accounting treatment options that currently exist under IFRSs into AIFRSs and remove Australian-specific disclosures that were added into AIFRSs on first-time adoption from 1 January, 2005. These amendments apply to periods commencing on or after 1 July, 2007. AASB 2007 -4 amends AASB 107 whereby it allows the use of the indirect method of reporting cash flows from operations in the Statements of Cash Flows. The Group has adopted the indirect method for the financial year ending 30 June, 2008 and has restated the prior year to conform with the new reporting method.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group and the revenue can be reliably measured. In determining the economic benefits, provisions are made for certain trade discounts and returned goods. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met:

Sale of goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer and can be measured reliably. Risks and rewards are considered passed to the buyer when the goods have been dispatched to a customer pursuant to a sales order and invoice. Net sales represent product shipped less actual and estimated future returns, and slotting fees, rebates and other trade discounts accounted for as reductions of revenue.

Estimates and allowances are based upon known claims and an estimate of additional returns. In order to calculate estimates, management regularly monitor historical patterns of returns from, and discounts to, individual customers.
 
 

 
36
Interest
Interest revenue is recognised as interest accrues using the effective interest method. The effective interest method uses the effective interest rate which is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial asset.

Government grants
Grant income is recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with. Grant income is recognised in the income statement over the periods necessary to match the grant on a systematic basis to the costs that it is intended to compensate.

Royalties
Royalty revenue is recognised on an accruals basis in accordance with the substance of the relevant agreements.

Litigation Settlement
Revenue is recognised when the risks and rewards have been transferred, which is considered to occur on settlement.

Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are recognised as an expense when incurred.

Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is or contains a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement and requires assessment of whether the fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset.

Finance leases, which transfer to the Group substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item, are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognised as an expense in profit or loss.

Capitalised leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the Group will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term.

Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease incentives are recognised in the income statement as an integral part of the total lease expense.

The cost of improvements to or on leasehold property is capitalised, disclosed as leasehold improvements, and amortised over the unexpired period of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the improvements, whichever is the shorter.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and short term deposits in the Balance Sheet comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

For the purposes of the Statements of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and cash equivalents as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts and secured cash.

 
 
37
 
Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables, which generally have 30-60 day terms, are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method less an allowance for any uncollectible amounts.

An allowance for doubtful debts is made when there is objective evidence that the Group will not be able to collect the debts. Objective evidence of impairment includes: financial difficulties of debtors, default payments, or debts more than 120 days overdue. Bad debts are written off when identified.

Cash flows relating to short term receivables are not discounted if the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Inventories

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

Costs incurred for finished goods and work-in-progress in bringing each product to its present location and condition are accounted for as cost of direct material, direct labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity but excluding borrowing costs.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

Non-current assets held for sale

Non-current assets are classified as held for sale and stated at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use.

An impairment loss is recognised for any initial or subsequent write-down of the asset to fair value less costs to sell. A gain is recognised for any subsequent increases in fair value less cost to sell of an asset, but not in excess of any cumulative impairment loss previously recognised. A gain or loss not previously recognised by the date of the sale of the non-current asset is recognised at the date of derecognition.

Non-current assets are not depreciated or amortised while they are classified as held for sale.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are presented separately from the other assets in the balance sheet.

Foreign currency translation

Functional currency

Both the functional and presentation currency of Novogen Limited and its subsidiaries is Australian dollars ($A) except for Marshall Edwards, Inc., Marshall Edwards Pty Limited and Glycotex, Inc., where the functional currency is US dollars.

Translation of foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the functional currency at the exchange rates ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rate of the exchange ruling at the balance sheet date.

Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate as at the date of the initial transaction.

 

 
38
Translation of financial reports of overseas operations

As at the reporting date the assets and liabilities of overseas subsidiaries are translated into the presentation currency of the Group at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date and the Income Statements are translated at the weighted average exchange rates for the period.
 
The exchange differences arising on the retranslation of overseas operations which have a functional currency of $A are taken directly to the Income Statement. The exchange differences arising on the retranslation of overseas operations which have a functional currency that is not $A are taken directly to a separate component of equity (foreign currency translation reserve).

Taxes

Income tax

Current tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred income tax is provided on all temporary differences at the balance sheet date between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes.

The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on the tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

Unrecognised deferred income tax assets are reassessed at each balance sheet date and recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profit will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Income taxes relating to items recognised directly in equity are recognised in equity and not in the Income Statement.

Other taxes

 
Revenues, expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of GST receipt except:
·  
when the GST incurred on a purchase of goods or services is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case the GST is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense item as applicable; and
·  
receivables and payables, which are stated with the amounts of GST included.

The net amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the Balance Sheet.

Commitments and contingencies are disclosed net of the amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority.

Property, plant & equipment

Cost and valuation
Each class of property, plant and equipment is carried at cost or fair value less, where applicable, any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

 
 

 
39
Depreciation
Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis to write off the depreciable amount of each item of property, plant and equipment over its expected useful life to the Group.
 
Major depreciation periods are:
Plant and equipment                                                                   2.5-10 years
Leasehold improvements                                                            the lease term

Impairment of assets
At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. Where an indicator of impairment exists, the Group makes a formal estimate of recoverable amount. Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.

Recoverable amount is the greater of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. It is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset’s value in use cannot be estimated to be close to its fair value less costs to sell and it does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets, in which case, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.

Derecognition and disposal
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no further future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal.

Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in profit or loss in the year the asset is derecognised.

Research and development

Expenditure during the research phase of a project is recognised as an expense when incurred. Development costs are capitalised only when technical feasibility studies identify that the project will deliver future economic benefits and these benefits can be measured reliably.

Capitalised development costs have a finite life and are amortised on a systematic basis matched to the future economic benefits over the useful life of the project.

Trade and other payables

Trade and other payables are carried at amortised cost and represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Group prior to the end of the financial year that are unpaid and arise when the Group becomes obliged to make future payments in respect of the purchases of these goods and services.

Interest bearing loans and borrowings

All loans and borrowings are initially recognised at the fair value of the consideration received less directly attributable transaction costs.

Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised.

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of
 

 
40
a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
 
Employee benefits

Wages, salaries, annual leave
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits, are recognised in other payables in respect of employees’ services up to the reporting date. Liabilities for annual leave are recognised in current provisions in respect of employees’ services up to the reporting date. They are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled.

Long service leave
The liability for long service leave is recognised in the provision for employee benefits and measured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date using the projected unit credit method. Consideration is given to expected future wage and salary levels, experience of employee departures, and periods of service. Expected future payments are discounted using market yields at the reporting date on national government bonds with terms to maturity and currencies that match, as closely as possible, the estimated future cash outflows.

Defined contribution plan
Defined superannuation contributions are recognised as an expense in the period they are incurred.

Share-based payment transactions

The Group provides benefits to employees of the Group in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services in exchange for shares or rights over shares (equity-settled transactions) under the terms of the Employee Share Option Plan (ESOP).

The cost of these equity-settled transactions with employees is measured by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. The fair value is determined using a binomial model. Further details are given in Note 15.

In valuing equity-settled transactions, no account is taken of any performance conditions.

The cost of equity-settled transactions is recognised, together with a corresponding increase in equity, over the vesting period of the instrument. The cumulative expense recognised for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until vesting date reflects (i) the extent to which the vesting period has expired and (ii) the Group’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The income statement charge or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits are payable when employment is terminated before the normal retirement date, or when an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. The Group recognises termination benefits when they are demonstrably committed to either terminating the employment of current employees according to a detailed formal plan without the possibility of withdrawing or providing termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy.

Contributed equity

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.

Subsidiary equity issues

Where a subsidiary makes a new issue of capital subscribed by minority interests, the parent company may make a gain or loss due to dilution of minority interests. These gains or losses are recognised in
 
 
41
equity attributable to the parent company.
 
Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is calculated as net profit/(loss) attributable to members of the parent, adjusted to exclude costs of servicing equity (other than dividends) and preference share dividends, divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares, adjusted for any bonus element.

Diluted EPS is calculated as net profit/(loss) attributable to members of the parent, adjusted for:
·  
costs of servicing equity (other than dividends) and preference share dividends;
·  
the after tax effect of dividends and interest associated with dilutive potential ordinary shares that have been recognised as expenses; and
·  
other non-discretionary changes in revenues or expenses during the period that would result from the dilution of potential ordinary shares,
divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares and dilutive potential ordinary shares adjusted for any bonus element.

Deferred offering costs

Where costs associated with a capital raising have been incurred at balance date and it is probable that the capital raising will be successfully completed after balance date, such costs are deferred and offset against the proceeds subsequently received from the capital raising.

Financial instruments

Recognition
Financial instruments are initially measured at cost on trade date, which includes transaction costs, when the related contractual rights or obligations exist. Subsequent to initial recognition these instruments are measured as set out below.

Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market and are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Financial liabilities
Non-derivative financial liabilities are recognised at amortised cost, comprising original debt less principal payments and amortisation.

New accounting standards and interpretations

Certain new accounting standards and interpretations have been published that are not mandatory for the 30 June, 2008 reporting period. The Group’s and parent entity’s assessment of the impact of these new standards and interpretations is set out below.

i) AASB 8 Operating Segments and AASB 2007 – 3 Amendments to Australian A ccounting Standards arising from AASB 8

AASB 8 and AASB 2007-3 are effective for annual reporting periods commencing on or after 1 January, 2009. AASB 8 will result in a significant change in the approach to segment reporting, as it requires adoption of a ‘management approach’ to reporting on financial performance. The information being reported will be based on what the key decision makers use internally for evaluating segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources to operating segments. The Group has not yet adopted AASB 8. Application of AASB 8 may result in different segments, segment results and different types of information being reported in the segment note of the financial report. However, at this stage it is not expected to affect any of the amounts recognised in the financial statements upon adoption.

ii) Revised AASB 123 Borrowing costs and AASB 2007-6 Amendments to Australian Accounting Standards arising from AASB 123 [ AASB 1, AASB 101, AASB 107,AASB 111, AASB 116 & AASB 138

 
42
and Interpretations 1 & 12].
 
The revised AASB 123 is applicable to annual reporting periods commencing on or after 1 January,   2009. It has removed the option to expense all borrowing costs and when adopted will require the capitalisation of all borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset. We have assessed the application of this standard and there will be no impact on the Group’s or the parent entity’s financial statements upon adoption.
 
iii) Revised AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statements and AASB 2007-8 Amendments to Australian Accounting S tandards arising from AASB 101.

A revised AASB 101 was issued in September 2007 and is applicable for all annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January, 2009. It requires the presentation of a Statement of Comprehensive Income and makes changes to the Statement of Changes in Equity, but will not affect any of the amounts recognised in the financial statements. The Group intends to apply the revised standard from 1 July, 2009.

 
 

 
43
Note 2. (LOSS)/PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX
 
           
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Revenue and expenses from continuing operations
                       
                         
(a) Revenue
                       
     Sale of goods
    9,400       10,709       -       -  
      9,400       10,709       -       -  
                                 
     Bank interest
    1,773       1,912       940       922  
     Royalties
    1,749       1,746       -       -  
     Licence fees
    224       1,122       -       -  
     Litigation settlements
    -       1,026                  
     Management fees
    -       -       323       378  
     Other
    137       780       -       -  
      3,883       6,586       1,263       1,300  
                                 
     Total revenue
    13,283       17,295       1,263       1,300  
                                 
(b) Other income
                               
                                 
     Government grants - research and development
    -       2,710       -       -  
     Movement in bad and doubtful debt provision from related parties.
    -       -       -       2,479  
     Net gains on disposal of property, plant and         .   equipment
    1,623       -       -       -  
      1,623       2,710       -       2,479  
 
(c) Other expenses
                       
     Loss on disposal of plant and equipment
    -       17       -       -  
     Reassessment of expected grant income
    915       -       -       -  
     Reversal of inventory impairment provision
    (387 )     -       -       -  
     Impairment loss - financial assets
                               
       Trade receivables
    (29 )     29       -       -  
       Other debtors
    62       -       -       -  
       Related party receivables
    -       -       1,185       -  
       Shares in controlled entity
    -       -       1,459       549  
      561       46       2,644       549  
                                 
(d) Finance costs
                               
     Interest expense - finance charges payable under finance leases
    -       2       -       -  
      -       2       -       -  
                                 
(e) Depreciation included in the income statement
                               
     Included in cost of sales:
                               
      Depreciation
    2       367       -       -  
 
 
44
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
(f) Lease payments and other expenses included in the income statement
             
     Included in administrative expenses:
                       
      Depreciation
    351       609       -       -  
       Amortisation
    -       -       -       -  
       Minimum lease payments - operating leases
    663       668       -       -  
       Net foreign exchange differences
    937       893       554       688  
                                 
(g) Employee benefit expense
                               
     Wages and salaries
    7,248       8,163       141       176  
     Workers' compensation costs
    61       67       -       -  
     Defined contribution plan expense
    1,147       1,022       132       109  
     Share-based payments expense
    576       549       -       -  
      9,032       9,801       273       285  
 
Note 3. INCOME TAX
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
                         
A reconciliation between tax expense and the product
of accounting (loss)/profit before income tax multiplied
by the Group's applicable tax rate is as follows:
 
                         
Accounting (loss)/profit before tax from operations
    (24,773 )     (24,295 )     (3,634 )     880  
                                 
At the Group's statutory income tax rate of 30% (2007: 30%)
    (7,432 )     (7,289 )     (1,090 )     264  
                                 
                                 
Foreign tax rate differentials
    619       (250 )     -       -  
Non deductible expenses
    307       975       -       181  
Deductible balancing adjustments
    3       -       -       -  
Research and development allowance
    (1,165 )     (143 )     -       -  
Sub-total
    (7,668 )     (6,707 )     (1,090 )     445  
Tax losses and timing differences not recognised
    7,672       6,708       1,090       (247 )
Previously unrecognised tax losses used to reduce tax expense
    -       -       -       (198 )
                                 
Tax expense
    4       1       -       -  
                                 
Components of income tax expense/(benefit)
                               
Current tax
    (7,668 )     (6,707 )     (1,090 )     445  
Deferred tax
    7,672       6,708       1,090       (445 )
Income tax expense
    4       1       -       -  

 
45
 
Deferred income tax
 
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Deferred income tax at 30 June relates to the following:
             
Deferred tax assets
                       
   Depreciation
    761       733       -       -  
   Provisions and accruals
    1,025       1,042       27,562       27,638  
   Exchange gains
    78       549       601       703  
   Other
    6       113       2,643       2,226  
   Losses carried forward
                               
                                    - Australia
    33,238       24,157       13,669       8,973  
                                    - US
    11,876       14,729       -       -  
                                    - Other countries
    3,653       5,139       -       -  
Total deferred tax assets not recognised
    50,637       46,462       44,475       39,540  
                                 
Deferred tax liability
                               
   Exchange losses
    -       -       -       -  
   Other
    (117 )     (304 )     -       -  
                                 
Total deferred tax liability not recognised
    (117 )     (304 )     -       -  
                                 
Net deferred tax asset not recognised
    50,520       46,158       44,475       39,540  
 
Tax consolidation

Novogen Limited and its 100% owned Australian subsidiaries elected to form a tax consolidation group for income tax purposes with effect from 1 July, 2003. The Australian Tax Office has been formally notified of this decision. Novogen Limited as the head entity discloses all of the deferred tax assets of the tax consolidated group in relation to tax losses carried forward (after elimination of inter-group transactions).

As the tax consolidation group continues to generate tax losses there has been no reason for the Company to enter a tax funding agreement with members of the tax consolidation group.


Note 4. EARNINGS PER SHARE
 
Basic earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing net loss for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.

Diluted earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on the conversion of all the dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares. The notional issue of potential ordinary shares resulting from the exercise of options detailed in Note 15 does not result in diluted earnings per share therefore the information has not been disclosed.

Potential ordinary shares (non-dilutive) and not included in determining earnings per share: 2,430,996 options (refer Note 15).

There have been no conversions to, calls of, or subscriptions for ordinary shares or issues of potential ordinary shares since the reporting date and before the completion of this financial report.
 
 
46
The following reflects the income and share data used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations:

   
Consolidated
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
             
Net loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent
    (20,264 )     (19,981 )
                 
                 
   
2008
Thousands
   
2007
Thousands
 
                 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share
    97,594       97,567  
 
 
Note 5. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Cash at bank and in hand
    27,930       30,059       5,354       7,062  
Short-term deposits
    6,456       8,452       6,456       8,452  
      34,386       38,511       11,810       15,514  
                                 
Secured cash (Refer Note 17)
    1,000       1,000       1,000       1,000  
      35,386       39,511       12,810       16,514  

Cash at bank earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates.

Short-term deposits and secured cash are made for varying periods of between one day and three months, depending on the immediate cash requirements of the Group, and earn interest at the respective short-term deposit rates.


47
Note 6.   TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Current
                       
                         
Trade receivables
    2,042       2,368       -       -  
Allowance for doubtful debts
    (20 )     (46 )     -       -  
      2,022       2,322       -       -  
                                 
Deposits held
    427       415       -       -  
Term deposits with greater than three months to maturity
    2,000       -       2,000       -  
Deferred offering costs
    114       30       -       -  
Other debtors
    468       1,509       70       40  
Allowance for doubtful debts - other
    (62 )     -       -       -  
      4,969       4,276       2,070       40  
                                 
Non-current
                               
                                 
Related party receivables
                               
Wholly-owned group - intercompany balances (Note 19(a))
    -       -       91,734       92,000  
Provision for non-recovery
    -       -       (91,734 )     (92,000 )
      -       -       -       -  
 
Provision for doubtful debts

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on 30-60 day terms. An allowance for doubtful debts is made when there is objective evidence that the Group will not be able to collect the debts.

At 30 June, 2008 trade receivables of $20,000 (2007: $46,000) were considered doubtful. These amounts have been included in selling and promotional expenses.

Parent entity receivables provision represent the non recovery of outstanding intercompany balances between Novogen Limited and its wholly owned controlled entities with no fixed term for repayment.

Movements in the allowance for doubtful debts were as follows:

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Balance at 1 July, 2007
    (46 )     (7 )     (92,000 )     (96,137 )
                                 
Change in allowance for the year
    29       (29 )     266       4,137  
Amounts (recovered)/written off during the year
    (3 )     (10 )     -       -  
                                 
Balance at 30 June, 2008
    (20 )     (46 )     (91,734 )     (92,000 )

 
48
Past due but not considered doubtful

At 30 June, 2008 trade receivables of $645,000 (2007: $811,000) were past due but were not considered to be doubtful. These relate to a number of independent customers for whom there is no recent history of default. The ageing analysis of these trade receivables is as follows:

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
1 - 30 days overdue
    447       682       -       -  
31 - 60 days overdue
    196       112       -       -  
61 - 90 days overdue
    2       17       -       -  
                                 
      645       811               -  
 
Receivable balances which are neither overdue nor impaired are expected to be received when due.

Other receivables

Other debtors, generally arising from transactions outside usual operating activities of the Group, are non-interest bearing and have repayment terms between 7 and 30 days.

At 30 June, 2008 other receivables of $86,000 (2007: $65,000) were past due but were not considered to be doubtful.

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
1 - 30 days overdue
    9       9       -       -  
31 - 60 days overdue
    28       56       -       -  
61 - 90 days overdue
    -       -       -       -  
91 + days overdue
    49       -       -       -  
                                 
      86       65       -       -  

Other receivable balances which are neither overdue nor impaired are expected to be received when due.

Related party receivables

Related party receivables – see Note 19(a) for terms and conditions.

Fair value and credit risk
Due to the short term nature of these receivables, their carrying value is assumed to approximate their fair value.

The maximum exposure to credit risk is the fair value of receivables. Collateral is not held against these receivables.

Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

Details regarding foreign exchange and interest rate risk exposure is disclosed in Note 17.
 
 
49
Note 7.   INVENTORIES
 
 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Current
                       
                         
Work in progress (at cost)
    536       2,183       -       -  
Finished goods (at cost)
    1,393       1,716       -       -  
      1,929       3,899       -       -  
 
Note 8.   OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Prepayments
    542       630       401       534  
 
Note 9.   A SSETS HELD FOR SALE
   
                         Consolidated
 
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Land and buildings
                                   -                          2,203                                 -                                 -  
 
 

The extraction facility located at Wyong NSW was decommissioned and the property sold in October 2007.

50
Note 10.   PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
 
 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Plant and equipment - at cost
    2,753       2,806       -       -  
Accumulated depreciation
    (2,236 )     (2,048 )     -       -  
      517       758       -       -  
                                 
                                 
Leasehold improvements - at cost
    112       112       -       -  
Accumulated depreciation
    (54 )     (32 )     -       -  
      58       80       -       -  
                                 
Total property, plant and equipment - at cost
    2,865       2,918       -       -  
Accumulated amortisation and depreciation
    (2,290 )     (2,080 )     -       -  
                                 
Total property, plant and equipment
    575       838       -       -  


Reconciliations
Reconciliations of the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment at the beginning and at the end of the current financial year.

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Plant and equipment
                       
Carrying amount at beginning of financial year
    758       1,950       -       -  
Additions
    95       287       -       -  
Disposals
    (5 )     (766 )     -       -  
Depreciation expense
    (331 )     (713 )     -       -  
Carrying amount at end of financial year
    517       758       -       -  
                                 
Leasehold improvements
                               
Carrying amount at beginning of financial year
    80       90       -       -  
Additions
    -       12       -       -  
Depreciation expense
    (22 )     (22 )     -       -  
Carrying amount at end of financial year
    58       80       -       -  

 
Note 11.   OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS

 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Shares in controlled entities - at cost (Note 19(b))
    -       -       9,428       8,023  
Allowance for write down to recoverable amount
    -       -       (9,428 )     (7,969 )
      -       -       -       54  
 
 
An allowance for write down to recoverable amount of the parent entity's investment in controlled entities has been recorded by the parent entity, where the Directors believe that the value of future cash flows will not support the current carrying value.
 
 
51
Note 12.   TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Current
                       
                         
Trade payables
    3,427       3,636       -       -  
Accrued trade payables
    1,239       1,346       136       129  
Accrued clinical trial payments
    2,005       938       -       -  
Intercompany payable
    -       -       1,164       -  
      6,671       5,920       1,300       129  
 
Terms and conditions relating to the above payables:
 
·   trade payables are non-interest bearing and normally settled on 30 day terms; and
·   clinical trial payables are non-interest bearing and normally settled on 30 day terms.

Risk exposure
Information about the Group’s and the parent entity’s exposure to foreign exchange risk and liquidity risk is provided in Note 17.


Fair value
Due to the short term nature of these payables, their carrying value is assumed to approximate their fair value.


52
Note 13.   PROVISIONS

 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Employee benefit provision
                       
Current
    708       539       -       -  
Non-current
    339       226       -       -  
      1,047       765       -       -  
                                 
                                 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Make good provision
                               
Opening balance at beginning of the year
    46       46       -       -  
Additional provision made in the period
    -       -       -       -  
Closing balance at the end of the year
    46       46       -       -  
                                 
Current
    -       -       -       -  
Non-current
    46       46       -       -  
      46       46       -       -  

In accordance with its Sydney premises lease, the Group must restore the leased premises to agreed condition at the end of the lease term. A provision of $46,000 was made in respect of the Group’s expected obligation.
 
 
53
Note 14.   CONTRIBUTED EQUITY AND RESERVES
 

 
(a) Issued and paid up capital
 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Fully Paid Ordinary Shares
                       
Novogen Limited
                       
97,594,261 (2007: 97,594,261) ordinary shares
    127,573       127,573       127,573       127,573  
      127,573       127,573       127,573       127,573  
                                 
Other
                               
Gain arising on issue of shares by subsidiaries to outside shareholders:
 
Marshall Edwards, Inc.
    65,654       57,388       -       -  
Glycotex, Inc.
    7,205       6,915       -       -  
      72,859       64,303       -       -  
                                 
Contributed Equity
    200,432       191,876       127,573       127,573  
 
Ordinary shares have the right to receive dividends as declared and, in the event of winding up the Company, to participate in the proceeds from the sale of all surplus assets in proportion to the number of and amounts paid up on shares held.

Ordinary shares entitle their holder to one vote, either in person or by proxy, at a meeting of the Company.

Movements in issued and paid up ordinary share capital of Novogen Limited are as follows:

   
Number of shares
   
Issue price
   
$'000
 
                $    
On issue 1 July, 2006
    97,294,054             127,060  
                       
Options converted to shares
    101,950       2.05       209  
Options converted to shares
    196,304       1.53       300  
Options converted to shares
    1,953       2.10       4  
Total options exercised during the period
    300,207               513  
                         
On issue 30 June, 2007
    97,594,261               127,573  
                         
On issue 30 June, 2008
    97,594,261               127,573  

Share options
The Company has an employee share option plan under which options to subscribe for the Company’s shares have been granted to certain executive and other employees (refer Note 15).

 
54
(b) Reserves

The foreign currency translation reserve is used to record exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries.

Movements in the currency translation reserve were as follows:
 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Balance at the beginning of the year
    (5,155 )     (2,847 )     -       -  
Share of opening reserve transferred to minority interest due to issuance of shares by subsidiary
    393       299       -       -  
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations
    (2,729 )     (2,607 )     -       -  
Balance at the end of the year
    (7,491 )     (5,155 )     -       -  


(c) Accumulated losses
Movements in accumulated losses were as follows:

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Balance at the beginning of the year
    (146,147 )     (131,700 )     (110,560 )     (112,038 )
                                 
Adjustment to opening retained earnings attributed to minority interest holders
    3,310       3,231       -       -  
Equity attributable to share based payments
    850       2,303       602       598  
Current year (loss)/profit
    (20,264 )     (19,981 )     (3,634 )     880  
                                 
Balance at the end of the year
    (162,251 )     (146,147 )     (113,592 )     (110,560 )

(d) Minority interests
The minority interests are detailed as follows:

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Ordinary shares
    27,567       17,694       -       -  
Foreign currency translation reserve
    (2,875 )     (1,436 )     -       -  
Accumulated losses
    (19,745 )     (12,206 )     -       -  
      4,947       4,052       -       -  

 
 
55
Note 15.   SHARE BASED PAYMENT PLANS
 
Employee Share Option Plan
The employee share option plan provides for the issue of options to eligible employees being an employee or Director of the Company or related company. Each option entitles its holder to acquire one fully paid ordinary share and is exercisable at a price equal to the weighted average price of such shares at the close of trading on the Australian Stock Exchange Limited for the five days prior to the date of issue. Options issued under the Employee Share Option Plan vest in four equal annual instalments over the vesting period. Options are not transferable and cannot be settled by the Company in cash. The option lapses if the employee ceases to be an employee during the vesting period. There are currently 45 employees eligible for this scheme. (2007: 45)

The expense recognised in the income statement in relation to employee share-based payments is disclosed in Note 2(g).

Consultant options
The Company has also granted options by way of compensation to consultants who perform services for Novogen and its controlled entities. Options issued to consultants generally vest in four equal annual instalments over the vesting period. The expense recognised in the income statement relation to consultant options is $26,216. (2007:$48,537)

The contractual life of all options granted is five years. There are no cash settlement alternatives.

The following table illustrates the number (No.) and weighted average exercise price (WAEP) of, and movements in, share options issued to employees during the year;
 

 
   
2008
 
2007
   
No.
   
WAEP
   
No.
   
WAEP
 
Outstanding at the beginning of the year
    1,446,054     $ 3.37       1,294,638     $ 3.55  
  Granted
    1,326,552     $ 1.20       539,912     $ 2.41  
  Forfeited
    (184,114 )   $ 3.27       (190,239 )   $ 3.83  
  Exercised (i)
    -       N/A       (198,257 )   $ 1.54  
  Expired
    (260,516 )   $ 2.10       -       N/A  
Outstanding at the end of the year
    2,327,976     $ 2.28       1,446,054     $ 3.37  
 
Exercisable at the end of the year
    534,192     $ 4.33       547,442     $ 3.68  
 
(i) There were no options exercised during the year ended 30 June, 2008. Options exercised during the year ended 30 June, 2007 had a weighted average share price of $2.78 at exercise date.


56
The following table details the exercise price, expiry date and number of options issued to employees that were outstanding as at the end of the year:
 

   
Exercise Price
Expiry Date
No. outstanding
30 June, 2008
No. outstanding
30 June, 2007
   
$2.10
30/11/07
             -
     268,430
   
$6.76
27/02/09
    118,468
     132,344
   
$4.90
16/03/10
    182,868
     201,596
   
$3.64
16/04/11
    272,536
     315,824
   
$2.41
30/03/12
    427,552
     527,860
   
$2.41
30/03/12
    141,668
               -
   
$1.06
1/03/13
 1,184,884
               -
           
       
2,327,976
1,446,054
 

The following table illustrates the number (No.) and weighted average exercise price (WAEP) of, and movements in, share options issued to consultants during the year;
 

   
2008
         
2007
       
   
No.
   
WAEP
   
No.
   
WAEP
 
Outstanding at the beginning of the year
    130,012       $3.08       187,510       $2.68  
  Granted
    35,460       $1.06       44,452       $2.41  
  Forfeited
    (25,252 )     $3.24       -       N/A  
  Exercised
    -       N/A       (101,950 )     $2.05  
  Expired
    (37,200 )     $2.10       -       N/A  
Outstanding at the end of the year
    103,020       $2.69       130,012       $3.08  
 
Exercisable at the end of the year
    31,633       $4.27       56,181       $3.06  
 
 
The following table details the exercise price, expiry date and number of options issued to consultants that were outstanding as at the end of the year:

   
Exercise Price
Expiry Date
No. outstanding
30 June, 2008
No. outstanding
30 June, 2007
   
$2.10
30/11/07
             -
       37,200
   
$6.76
27/02/09
       6,660
         6,660
   
$4.90
16/03/10
       9,184
       14,244
   
$3.64
16/04/11
      20,624
       27,456
   
$2.41
30/03/12
      31,092
       44,452
   
$1.06
1/03/13
      35,460
               -
           
       
103,020
130,012

The weighted average remaining contractual life for the share options outstanding as at 30 June, 2008 is between 1 and 5 years. (2007: 1 and 5 years)

The weighted average fair value of options granted during the year was $0.61. (2007: $1.40)

 
57
The fair value of the equity-settled share options granted to both employees and consultants is estimated as at the date of grant using a binomial model taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted.

The following table lists the inputs to the model used to calculate the fair value of the options.
 
   
1 March,
   
26 October,
   
30 March,
   
21 April,
   
16 March,
   
27 February,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
Dividend yield
    0 %     0 %     0 %     0 %     0 %     0 %
Expected volatility
    57 %     55 %     59 %     66 %     69 %     69 %
Historical volatility
    57 %     55 %     59 %     66 %     69 %     69 %
Risk-free interest rate
    6.35 %     6.41 %     6.09 %     5.62 %     5.67 %     5.52 %
Expected life of option
 
5 years
   
4.4 years
   
5 years
   
5 years
   
5 years
   
5 years
 
Option fair value
    0.60       0.66       1.40       2.10       2.96       2.82  

The dividend yield reflects the assumption that the current dividend payout, which is zero, will continue with no anticipated increases. The expected life of the options is based on historical data and is not necessarily indicative of exercise patterns that may occur. The expected volatility reflects the assumption that the historical volatility is indicative of future trends, which may also not necessarily be the actual outcome.
 
 
58
Note 16.   SEGMENT INFORMATION  

The Group generally accounts for intercompany sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties. Revenues are attributed to geographic areas based on the location of the assets producing the revenues.

The Novogen Group operates subsidiary companies in 3 major geographical areas being Australia, North America (including the US, licenced to Natrol, Inc. from October 2007, and Canada), and Europe (including the UK and the Netherlands). The subsidiaries are involved in the selling and marketing of Novogen's consumer healthcare products.

Segment accounting policies are the same as the Group’s policies described in Note 1. During the financial year there were no changes in the segment accounting policies that had a material effect on the segment information.

Geographic Segments

The following table presents revenue and profit information and certain asset and liability information regarding business segments for the years ended 30 June, 2008 and 30 June, 2007.
 

   
Australia
   
North America
   
Europe
   
Elimination
   
Consolidated
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Revenue
                                                           
Sales to external customers
    4,755       4,453       2,428       3,152       2,217       3,104       -       -       9,400       10,709  
Other revenues from external     . customers
    2,171       4,691       5       54       13       -       (79 )     (71 )     2,110       4,674  
Inter-segment revenues
    1,206       3,543       -       -       -       -       (1,206 )     (3,543 )     -       -  
Total segment revenue
    8,132       12,687       2,433       3,206       2,230       3,104       (1,285 )     (3,614 )     11,510       15,383  
Unallocated revenue
                                                                    1,773       1,912  
Total consolidated revenue
                                                                    13,283       17,295  
                                                                                 
                                                                                 
Result (from continuing operations)
                                                                         
Segment result (loss)/profit
    (27,435 )     (18,684 )     997       (1,493 )     139       105       1,550       (4,221 )     (24,749 )     (24,293 )
Unallocated expenses
                                                                    (24 )     (2 )
Consolidated entity (loss) before income tax
                                                      (24,773 )     (24,295 )
Income tax expense
                                                                    (4 )     (1 )
Net (loss) from continuing operations
                                                              (24,777 )     (24,296 )
                                                                                 
                                                                                 
Assets and liabilities
                                                                               
Segment assets
    61,667       71,533       82,874       70,414       1,026       1,722       (102,166 )     (92,312 )     43,401       51,357  
Segment liabilities
    7,272       6,471       39,572       44,107       10,495       11,331       (49,575 )     (55,178 )     7,764       6,731  
                                                                                 
                                                                                 
Other segment information
                                                                         
Capital expenditure
    88       269       4       27       3       3       -       -       95       299  
Depreciation
    341       954       7       15       5       7       -       -       353       976  
Other non-cash expenses
    514       1,395       31       2,208       (18 )     35       -       -       527       3,638  
Segment net gain/(loss) on foreign currency
    (6,466 )     (7,031 )     4,767       5,573       764       581       (2 )     (16 )     (937 )     (893 )
 
 
59
Business Segments
 

The following table presents revenue, expenditure and certain asset information regarding business segments for the years ended 30 June, 2008 and 30 June, 2007.

   
Consumer healthcare
   
Pharmaceutical
research and
development
   
Elimination
   
Consolidated
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                                                 
Segment revenue
    10,507       12,450       2,776       4,845       -       -       13,283       17,295  
Segment assets
    21,469       28,461       22,717       23,790       (785 )     (894 )     43,401       51,357  
 
 
 
Note 17.   FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Capital Risk Management

The Group manages its capital to ensure that the entities in the Group will be able to continue as a going concern while maximising shareholder value.

The capital structure of the Group consists of cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders. The Group operates globally, primarily through subsidiary companies established in the markets in which the Group trades, or through subsidiary companies established to facilitate the development of specialty pharmaceutical products including oncology drug development through Marshall Edwards, Inc. and wound healing through Glycotex, Inc.

The Group’s overall strategy remains unchanged from 2007, whereby future operating cash flows generated by a profitable Consumer Health business will supplement the funds raised in equity markets by the Group’s listed subsidiary companies. Also the Group intends to fund its operations through licence opportunities for our pharmaceutical product candidates.

Financial Risk Management

The Group’s principal financial instruments comprise cash and short term deposits, receivables and
payables. The Group is not exposed to significant debt or borrowings.

The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks. The main risks arising from the Group’s financial instruments are market risk (including currency risk and interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group uses different methods to measure and manage the different types of risks to which it is exposed. These methods include monitoring the levels of exposure to interest rates and foreign exchange, ageing analysis and monitoring of specific credit allowances to manage credit risk, and, rolling cash flow forecasts to manage liquidity risk.

Market Risk

Interest rate risk

The Group’s exposure to market interest rates relate primarily to the investments of cash balances.

The Group has cash reserves held primarily in US$ and A$ and places funds on deposit with financial institutions for periods generally not exceeding three months.

 
60
At balance date the Group had the following exposure to variable interest rate risk:
 

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Financial assets
                       
                         
Cash at bank and in hand
    27,930       30,059       5,354       7,062  
Short term deposits
    6,456       8,452       6,456       8,452  
      34,386       38,511       11,810       15,514  
                                 
Secured cash
    1,000       1,000       1,000       1,000  
                                 
Net exposure
    35,386       39,511       12,810       16,514  

 
At 30 June, 2008, if interest rates had moved as illustrated in the table below, with all other variables held constant, post tax profit would have been affected as follows:
 

Judgements of reasonably possible movements:
 
Post tax profit
 
   
Higher/(Lower)
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Consolidated
           
+1% (100 basis points)
    354       395  
-1% (100 basis points)
    (354 )     (395 )
                 
Novogen Limited
               
+1% (100 basis points)
    128       165  
-1% (100 basis points)
    (128 )     (165 )
 
 
 

 
61
The Group's exposure to interest rate risk and the effective weighted average interest rate for each class of financial assets and liabilities is set out below.
 
 
Consolidated
       
Floating Interest Rate
   
Fixed 1 year or less
   
Fixed Over 1 to 5 years
   
Non-interest bearing
   
Total
         
Weighted average rate of interest
 
   
Note
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
         
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
             
Financial assets
                                                                             
Cash
    5       25,049       28,528       -       -       -       -       2,881       1,531       27,930       30,059       2.02 %     3.84 %
Deposits
    5       -       -       7,456       9,452       -       -       -       -       7,456       9,452       7.75 %     6.35 %
Trade and other receivables
    6       -       -       2,000       -       -       -       2,969       4,276       4,969       4,276       8.50 %     N/A  
Loans and receivables
            -       -       9,456       9,452       -       -       2,969       4,276       12,425       13,728                  
                                                                                                         
              25,049       28,528       9,456       9,452       -       -       5,850       5,807       40,355       43,787                  
                                                                                                         
Financial liabilities
                                                                                                       
Trade and other payables
    12       -       -       -       -       -       -       6,671       5,920       6,671       5,920       N/A       N/A  
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
            -       -       -       -       -       -       6,671       5,920       6,671       5,920                  
                                                                                                         
Net financial assets/(liabilities)
            25,049       28,528       9,456       9,452       -       -       (821 )     (113 )     33,684       37,867                  
                                                                                                         
                                                                                                         
                                                                                                         
                                                                                                         
                                                                                                         
                                                                                                         
Novogen Limited
         
Floating Interest Rate
   
Fixed 1 year or less
   
Fixed Over 1 to 5 years
   
Non-interest bearing
   
Total
           
Weighted average rate of interest
 
   
Note
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
           
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
                 
Financial assets
                                                                                                       
Cash
    5       5,354       7,062       -       -       -       -       -       -       5,354       7,062       2.87 %     3.80 %
Deposits
    5       -       -       7,456       9,452       -       -       -       -       7,456       9,452       7.75 %     6.35 %
Trade and other receivables
    6       -       -       2,000       -       -       -       -       -       2,000       -       8.50 %     N/A  
Loans and receivables
            -       -       9,456       9,452       -       -       -       -       9,456       9,452                  
                                                                                                         
              5,354       7,062       9,456       9,452       -       -       -       -       14,810       16,514                  
                                                                                                         
Financial liabilities
                                                                                                       
Trade and other payables
    12       -       -       -       -       -       -       1,300       129       1,300       129       N/A       N/A  
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
            -       -       -       -       -       -       1,300       129       1,300       129                  
                                                                                                         
Net financial assets/(liabilities)
            5,354       7,062       9,456       9,452       -       -       (1,300 )     (129 )     13,510       16,385                  
 

Foreign currency risk
The Group and the parent entity operate internationally and are exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures, primarily with respect to the US dollar (USD), the British pound (GBP), the Euro and the Canadian dollar (CAD). Foreign exchange risk arises from future transactions and recognised assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is not the entity’s functional currency and net investments in foreign operations.

As of 30 June, 2008, the Group did not use derivative financial instruments in managiing its foreign currency.  Foreign subsidiaries with a functional currency of AUD have exposure to the local currency of these subsidiaries and any other currency these subsidiaries trade in. The functional currency of Marshall Edwards, Inc. and Glycotex, Inc. is USD and these subsidiaries have exposure to AUD and any other currency these subsidiaries trade in.
62
The Group’s exposure to foreign currency risk at 30 June, 2008 was as follows:
 

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
USD denominated
                       
                         
Financial assets
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
    3,524       5,175       3,434       5,138  
Trade and other receivables
    268       179       -       -  
Intercompany receivables
    -       -       9,917       11,248  
      3,792       5,354       13,351       16,386  
Financial liablities
                               
Trade and other payables
    110       141       7       -  
Net exposure
    3,682       5,213       13,344       16,386  
                                 
GBP denominated
                               
                                 
Financial assets
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
    18       (3 )     -       -  
Trade and other receivables
    474       638       -       -  
Intercompany receivables
    -       -       837       954  
      492       635       837       954  
Financial liablities
                               
Trade and other payables
    319       201       -       -  
Net exposure
    173       434       837       954  
                                 
CAD denominated
                               
                                 
Financial assets
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
    138       95       -       -  
Trade and other receivables
    200       169       -       -  
Intercompany receivables
    -       -       79       86  
      338       264       79       86  
Financial liablities
                               
Trade and other payables
    79       60       -       -  
Net exposure
    259       204       79       86  
                                 
EURO denominated
                               
                                 
Financial assets
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
    49       60       -       -  
Trade and other receivables
    660       569       -       -  
Intercompany receivables
    -       -       231       144  
      709       629       231       144  
Financial liablities
                               
Trade and other payables
    779       200       -       -  
Net exposure
    (70 )     429       231       144  
                                 
AUD denominated
                               
                                 
Financial assets
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
    441       483       -       -  
Trade and other receivables
    -       -       -       -  
Intercompany receivables
    -       -       -       -  
      441       483       -       -  
Financial liablities
                               
Trade and other payables
    1,695       1,099       -       -  
Net exposure
    (1,254 )     (616 )     -       -  
 
63
The following sensitivity is based on the foreign currency risk exposures in existence at the balance sheet date:
 

Judgements of reasonably possible movements:
 
Post tax profit
 
   
Higher/(Lower)
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
USD denominated
           
             
Consolidated
           
AUD/USD +10%
    (335 )     (474 )
AUD/USD -5%
    194       274  
                 
Novogen Limited
               
AUD/USD +10%
    1,214       1,490  
AUD/USD -5%
    (703 )     (862 )
                 
GBP denominated
               
                 
Consolidated
               
AUD/GBP +10%
    (16 )     (39 )
AUD/GBP -5%
    9       23  
                 
Novogen Limited
               
AUD/GBP +10%
    76       87  
AUD/GBP -5%
    (44 )     (50 )
                 
CAD denominated
               
                 
Consolidated
               
AUD/CAD +5%
    (12 )     (10 )
AUD/CAD -5%
    14       11  
                 
Novogen Limited
               
AUD/CAD +5%
    4       4  
AUD/CAD -5%
    (4 )     (5 )
                 
EURO denominated
               
                 
Consolidated
               
AUD/EURO +5%
    3       (20 )
AUD/EURO -5%
    (4 )     23  
                 
Novogen Limited
               
AUD/EURO +5%
    11       7  
AUD/EURO -5%
    (12 )     (8 )
                 
AUD denominated
               
                 
Consolidated
               
AUD/USD +10%
    114       56  
AUD/USD -5%
    (66 )     (32 )
                 
Novogen Limited
               
AUD/USD +10%
    -       -  
AUD/USD -5%
    -       -  


Credit risk

The Group trades only with recognised, creditworthy third parties.

It is the Group’s policy that all customers who wish to trade on credit terms are subject to credit application procedures. In addition, receivable balances are monitored on an ongoing basis with the
 
64
result that the Group’s exposure to bad debts is not significant.

The Group does not use derivative financial instruments. The Group places its cash deposits with high credit quality financial institutions and by policy, limits the amount of credit exposure to any single counter-party. The Group is averse to principal loss and ensures the safety and preservation of its invested funds by limiting default risk, market risk, and reinvestment risk.

The Group mitigates default risk by depositing funds with high credit quality financial institutions and by constantly positioning its portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any financial institution.

The Group’s maximum exposures to credit risk at balance date in relation to each class of recognised financial assets is the carrying amount of those assets as indicated in the Balance Sheet.

Concentration of credit risk
There are no significant concentrations of credit risk within the Group. The Group minimises concentration of credit risk in relation to trade receivables by undertaking transactions with a large number of customers. The credit risk on liquid funds is limited as the counterparties are banks with high credit ratings.

Credit risk is managed in the following way:
(i)   customer payment terms are 30 days except for some customers who have 60 day terms;
(ii)   credit limits are applied to customers to limit the credit risk exposure; and
(iii)   by limiting the amount of credit exposure to any single counter-party for cash deposits .

Liquidity risk

The Group manages liquidity risks by maintaining adequate cash reserves and by continuously monitoring cash forecasts and actual cash flows.

Maturity analysis of financial liabilities based on management’s expectation
Trade payables and other financial liabilities mainly arise from the financing of assets used in our ongoing operations such as plant and equipment and investments in working capital. These assets are considered in the Group’s overall liquidity risk.
 

Consolidated
                             
Year ended 30 June 2008
 
≤ 6 months
   
6-12 months
   
1-5 Years
   
> 5 years
   
Total
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                               
Financial Liabilities
                             
Trade and other payables
    6,671       -       -       -       6,671  
                                         
Total
    6,671       -       -       -       6,671  
                                         
                                         
Novogen Limited
                                       
Year ended 30 June 2008
 
≤ 6 months
   
6-12 months
   
1-5 Years
   
> 5 years
   
Total
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                                         
Financial Liabilities
                                       
Trade and other payables
    1,300       -       -       -       1,300  
                                         
Total
    1,300       -       -       -       1,300  
 
 

 
65

Consolidated
                             
Year ended 30 June 2007
 
≤ 6 months
   
6-12 months
   
1-5 Years
   
> 5 years
   
Total
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
Financial Liabilities
                             
Trade and other payables
    5,920       -       -       -       5,920  
                                         
Total
    5,920       -       -       -       5,920  
                                         
                                         
Novogen Limited
                                       
Year ended 30 June 2007
 
≤ 6 months
   
6-12 months
   
1-5 Years
   
> 5 years
   
Total
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                                         
Financial Liabilities
                                       
Trade and other payables
    129       -       -       -       129  
                                         
Total
    129       -       -       -       129  

 
Financing facilities available
 
At reporting date, the following financing facilities had been negotiated and were available:
 

   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Multi option facility
    1,000       1,000       -       -  
      1,000       1,000       -       -  
                                 
Used at balance date
    526       526       -       -  
Unused at balance date
    474       474       -       -  
      1,000       1,000       -       -  

Novogen Limited has entered into a Deed of Set-off where it has agreed to hold a deposited sum with the bank of at least $1 million at all times as additional security for the multi-option facility.
 
 
 
66
Note 18.   COMMITMENTS
 
 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
(a) Lease commitments *
                       
                         
Commitments in relation to operating leases
                       
contracted for at the reporting date but not
                       
recognised as liabilities payable:
                       
Not later than 1 year
    466       471       -       -  
Later than 1 year but not later than 2 years
    431       476       -       -  
Later than 2 years but not later than 3 years
    58       444       -       -  
Later than 3 years but not later than 4 years
    -       81       -       -  
Later than 4 years but not later than 5 years
    -       11       -       -  
      955       1,483       -       -  
                                 
(b) Other expenditure commitments
                               
                                 
Research and development contracts for
                               
service to be rendered:
                               
Not later than 1 year
    10,493       8,220       -       -  
Later than 1 year but not later than 2 years
    6,328       4,520       -       -  
Later than 2 years but not later than 3 years
    2,225       260       -       -  
      19,046       13,000       -       -  

 
* Operating leases represent payments for property and equipment rental. Leases for property include an annual review for CPI increases.

There are no commitments for capital expenditure outstanding at the end of the financial year.
 
 
67
Note 19.   RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES  
 
 
(a) Ultimate parent
Novogen Limited, a company incorporated in Australia, is the ultimate parent entity.
 
Transaction with related parties in the wholly-owned group:
 
 
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
    $     $  
                 
Costs recharged by Novogen Limited to subsidiary companies during the year:
         
Marshall Edwards Pty Ltd
    224,856       198,060  
Novogen Laboratories Pty Ltd
    98,496       180,000  
      323,352       378,060  
 
 
Outstanding balances with related parties in the wholly-owned group:
 

   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
    $   $  
                 
Intercompany balances owed to Novogen Limited by its wholly owned controlled entities
with no fixed term for repayment (Note 6)
    91,733,784       92,000,067  
                 
      Provision for non-recovery
    (91,733,784 )     (92,000,067 )
                 
      -       -  
                 
Intercompany balances owed by Novogen Limited to wholly owned controlled entities
with no fixed term for repayment (Note 12)
    1,163,613       -  
                 
      1,163,613       -  
 
No interest is charged on the intercompany balances between wholly owned controlled entities.

68
(b) Interests in controlled entities
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Novogen Limited and the subsidiaries listed in the following table.

 
Name of Entity
Country of Incorporation
 
% Equity interest *
   
Investment ($'000)
 
     
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
Novogen Laboratories Pty Ltd ^
Australia
    100       100       1,551       949  
Novogen Research Pty Ltd ^
Australia
    100       100       7,000       7,000  
Phytosearch Pty Ltd #
Australia
    100       100       -       -  
Phytogen Pty Ltd #
Australia
    100       100       20       20  
Glycotex Pty Ltd #
Australia
    100       100       -       -  
Norvogen Pty Ltd #
Australia
    100       100       -       -  
Central Coast Properties Pty Ltd ^
Australia
    100       100       -       -  
Novogen Inc
US
    100       100       -       -  
  Glycotex, Inc.
US
    81.0       81.3       857       54  
Novogen Limited (UK)
UK
    100       100       -       -  
  Promensil Limited
UK
    100       100       -       -  
  Novogen BV
Netherlands
    100       100       -       -  
Novogen Canada Limited
Canada
    100       100       -       -  
Marshall Edwards, Inc.
US
    71.9       78.1       -       -  
  Marshall Edwards Pty Limited #
Australia
    71.9       78.1       -       -  
             
(Note 11)
      9,428       8,023  
 
 
Novogen Limited, a company incorporated in Australia, is the ultimate parent entity.

^ Entities subject to class order relief
Pursuant to Class Order 98/1418 (as amended) issued by the Australian Securities and Investment Commission, relief has been granted to these companies from the Corporations Act 2001 requirements for preparation, audit and lodgement of their financial reports.

As a condition of the Class Order, Novogen Limited and the controlled entities subject to the Class Order (the “Closed Group”), entered into a Deed of Cross Guarantee on 28 May, 1999. The effect of the deed is that Novogen Limited has guaranteed to pay any deficiency in the event of winding up of the controlled entities. The controlled entities have also given a similar guarantee in the event that Novogen Limited is wound up.

# Entities that meet the requirements of small proprietary limited corporations.

* The proportion of ownership interest is equal to the proportion of voting power held.
 
 
69
The consolidated income statement and balance sheet of the entities that are members of the “Closed Group” are as follows:
 
Consolidated Income Statement
 
CLOSED GROUP
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
             
Loss from continuing operations before income tax
    (12,452 )     (5,921 )
Income tax expense
    -       -  
Loss after tax from continuing operations
    (12,452 )     (5,921 )
Accumulated losses at the beginning of the period
    (61,327 )     (56,004 )
Net income recognised directly in equity
    602       598  
Accumulated losses at the end of the financial year
    (73,177 )     (61,327 )
                 
                 
Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
CLOSED GROUP
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
CURRENT ASSETS
               
Cash and cash equivalents
    13,718       17,339  
Trade and other receivables
    4,506       3,635  
Inventories
    1,162       2,952  
Other current assets
    433       539  
Assets held for sale
    -       2,203  
Total current assets
    19,819       26,668  
                 
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
               
Receivables
    38,047       42,356  
Property, plant and equipment
    549       806  
Other financial assets
    -       54  
Total non-current assets
    38,596       43,216  
                 
TOTAL ASSETS
    58,415       69,884  
                 
CURRENT LIABILITIES
               
Trade and other payables
    2,958       2,922  
Provisions
    676       490  
Total current liabilities
    3,634       3,412  
                 
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
               
Provisions
    385       226  
Total non-current liabilities
    385       226  
                 
TOTAL LIABILITIES
    4,019       3,638  
                 
NET ASSETS
    54,396       66,246  
                 
EQUITY
               
Contributed equity
    127,573       127,573  
Accumulated losses
    (73,177 )     (61,327 )
TOTAL EQUITY
    54,396       66,246  
70
Note 20.   REMUNERATION OF AUDITORS 
 
 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
    $       $       $       $    
                                 
Amounts received or due and receivable by BDO for:
                               
(a) an audit or review of the financial report of the entity and any other entity in the consolidated group;
    252,523       263,899       117,342       146,313  
(b) other services in relation to the entity and any other entity in the consolidated entity.
                 
 - Tax compliance services
    26,109       40,073       20,000       12,850  
 - MEI S3 audit and review services
    25,726       12,705       -       -  
 - Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 services
    81,195       -       81,195       -  
 - Review of government grants
    2,980       1,600       -       -  
 - Other
    8,007       3,573       2,190       2,623  
      396,540       321,850       220,727       161,786  
Amounts received or due and receivable by non BDO audit firms for:
                         
 - an audit or review of the financial report of the entity and any other entity in the consolidated group, for local statutory purposes
    21,600       46,885       -       -  
 - other non-audit services - local statutory auditors
    33,662       44,089       -       -  
      451,802       412,824       220,727       161,786  
71
Note 21.   DIRECTOR AND EXECUTIVE DISCLOSURES  

a) Details of key management personnel and Group executives

(i) Directors
PA Johnston                                                       Chairman (Non-executive)
C Naughton                                                         Chief Executive Officer
AJ Husband                                                        Executive Director
PJ Nestel AO                                                      Director (Non-executive)
PB Simpson                                                        Director (Non-executive)
GM Leppinus                                                      Director (Non-executive)

(ii) Other key management personnel
DR Seaton                                                          Chief Financial Officer
WJ Lancaster                                                      VP Commercial and Corporate Development
BM Palmer                                                         General Manager Operations
CD Kearney                                                        General Manager Consumer Business
RL Erratt                                                            Company Secretary

(iii) Group executives
R Koenig                                                            Chief Executive Officer – Glycotex, Inc.

b) Compensation of key management personnel and Group executives
 
   
Consolidated
   
Novogen Limited
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
   
$'000
 
                         
Short term employee benefits
    3,076,909       2,889,344       141,107       175,973  
Post employment benefits
    591,507       468,563       132,393       109,027  
Long term employee benefits
    103,008       64,656       -       -  
Share-based payment
    290,682       241,430       -       -  
Other
    -       -       -       -  
Total Compensation
    4,062,106       3,663,993       273,500       285,000  
 
Further information regarding key management personnel and their compensation can be found in the Audited Remuneration Report contained in the Directors’ Report commencing on page 16.
 
 
72
c ) Option holding of key management personnel
 
 
   
Balance at beginning of period
   
Granted as remuneration
   
Options exercised
   
Net change other
   
Balance at end of period
   
Vested and exercisable
   
Not exercisable
 
   
1 July, 2007
               
30 June, 2008
   
30 June, 2008
   
30 June, 2008
 
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
 
Executive Directors
                                     
C Naughton
    -       91,196       -       -       91,196       -       91,196  
AJ Husband
    106,176       50,472       -       (38,256 )     118,392       59,672       58,720  
                                                         
                                                         
Executives
                                                       
DR Seaton
    156,860       125,492       -       (38,468 )     243,884       59,672       184,212  
WJ Lancaster (USA)
    60,090       53,020       -       (5,374 )     107,736       27,735       80,001  
BM Palmer
    89,112       67,864       -       (24,108 )     132,868       32,803       100,065  
CD Kearney
    90,612       69,560       -       (23,812 )     136,360       33,326       103,034  
RL Erratt
    87,864       63,836       -       (24,524 )     127,176       32,214       94,962  
                                                         
Total
    590,714       521,440       -       (154,542 )     957,612       245,422       712,190  

 
   
Balance at beginning of period
   
Granted as remuneration
   
Options exercised
   
Net change other
   
Balance at end of period
   
Vested and exercisable
   
Not exercisable
 
   
1 July, 2006
               
30 June, 2007
   
30 June, 2007
   
30 June, 2007
 
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
   
Number
 
Executive Directors
                                     
AJ Husband
    147,948       -       (41,772 )     -       106,176       68,330       37,846  
                                                         
                                                         
Executives
                                                       
DR Seaton
    127,530       50,472       (21,142 )     -       156,860       68,542       88,318  
WJ Lancaster (USA)
    35,678       24,412       -       -       60,090       19,430       40,660  
BM Palmer
    84,872       27,676       (23,436 )     -       89,112       40,660       48,452  
CD Kearney
    61,844       28,768       -       -       90,612       40,438       50,174  
RL Erratt
    91,476       26,400       (30,012 )     -       87,864       40,903       46,961  
                                                         
Total
    549,348       157,728       (116,362 )     -       590,714       278,303       312,411  

73
d) Shareholdings of key management personnel and their related parties
 
 
   
Balance 1 July, 2007
   
Granted as remuneration
   
On exercise of options
   
Net change other
   
Balance 30 June, 2008
 
   
Number Ord
   
Number Ord
   
Number Ord
   
Number Ord
   
Number Ord
 
Executive Directors
                         
PA Johnston
    58,594       -       -       15,000       73,594  
C Naughton
    633,511       -       -       -       633,511  
AJ Husband
    102,920       -       -       -       102,920  
GM Leppinus
    3,000       -       -       -       3,000  
PJ Nestel AO
    32,000       -       -       -       32,000  
PB Simpson
    500       -       -       5,000       5,500  
                                         
Executives
                                       
DR Seaton
    37,378       -       -       -       37,378  
WJ Lancaster (USA)
    -       -       -       -       -  
BM Palmer
    134,023       -       -       71,613       205,636  
CD Kearney
    8,850       -       -       -       8,850  
RL Erratt
    232,368       -       -       (1,000 )     231,368  
                                         
Total
    1,243,144       -       -       90,613       1,333,757  
 
 
   
Balance 1 July, 2006
   
Granted as remuneration
   
On exercise of options
   
Net change other
   
Balance 30 June, 2007
 
   
Number Ord
   
Number Ord
   
Number Ord
   
Number Ord
   
Number Ord
 
Executive Directors
                         
PA Johnston
    48,594       -       -       10,000       58,594  
C Naughton
    633,511       -       -       -       633,511  
AJ Husband
    61,148       -       41,772       -       102,920  
GM Leppinus
    -       -       -       3,000       3,000  
PJ Nestel AO
    32,000       -       -       -       32,000  
LC Read *
    2,000       -       -       (2,000 )     -  
PB Simpson
    500       -       -       -       500  
                                         
Executives
                                       
DR Seaton
    16,236       -       21,142       -       37,378  
BM Palmer
    128,702       -       23,436       (18,115 )     134,023  
CD Kearney
    8,850       -       -       -       8,850  
RL Erratt
    202,356       -       30,012       -       232,368  
                                         
Total
    1,133,897       -       116,362       (7,115 )     1,243,144  
* resigned as a Director 30 January, 2007.
         
 
All equity transactions with Executive Directors and executives, other than those arising from the exercise of remuneration options, have been entered into under terms and conditions no more favourable than those the entity would have adopted if dealing at arm’s length.
 
74
Note 22.   CONTINGENT ASSETS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
 
Parent entity guarantees

(a)
The parent company has unconditionally guaranteed financial support for Novogen Limited (UK) should it be unable to meet its financial obligations.

(b)
The parent company has guaranteed in a deed dated 16 May, 2002 the performance of the Novogen subsidiaries arising in connection with the License Agreement and the Manufacturing and Supply Agreement with Marshall Edwards Pty Limited.

(c)
As a condition of the Class Order, Novogen Limited and the controlled entities subject to the Class Order, entered into a Deed of Cross Guarantee on 28 May, 1999. The effect of the deed is that Novogen Limited has guaranteed to pay any deficiency in the event of winding up of the controlled entities. The controlled entities have also given a similar guarantee in the event that Novogen Limited is wound up.

 
(d)
The Company is continuing to prosecute its IP rights and in June 2007 announced that the Vienna Commercial Court had upheld a provisional injunction against an Austrian company, APOtrend. The Company has provided a guarantee to the value of €250,000 with the court to confirm its commitment to the ongoing enforcement process.

 
(e)
As a condition of establishing bank facilities Novogen Limited and its controlled entities Novogen Laboratories Pty Limited, Novogen Research Pty Limited and Central Coast Properties Pty Limited have entered into a Guarantee and Indemnity with St George Bank in January 1997. The effect of the guarantee is to guarantee amounts owed to the bank by any of the above Novogen companies.
 

 
Note 23.   EVENTS AFTER THE BALANCE SHEET DATE
 
 
On 29 July, 2008 the Company entered into a Share Subscription Agreement with El Coronado Holdings LLC for the placement of 4,531,633 ordinary shares at a purchase price of $1.2215 per share raising gross proceeds of $5,535,390. Following the placement El Coronado Holdings LLC holds 19.9% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares.

On 28 July, 2008 MEI entered into a securities subscription agreement with OppenheimerFunds Inc and Novogen Limited pursuant to which MEI sold 1,700,000 and 2,908,295 shares of common stock to Oppenheimer and Novogen respectively, at a purchase price of US$2.17 per share. The aggregate proceeds to MEI from the sale of shares was US$10,000,000. The shares are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement. On 30 July, 2008 MEI filed a Prospectus Supplement to the registration Statement covering the sale of shares to Oppenheimer and Novogen.  Following the raising, Novogen owned 71.3% of MEI's issued and outstanding stock.


There have been no other significant events occurring after balance date which have had a material impact on the business.



75
DIRECTORS’ DECLARATION

The Directors of the Company declare that:

1.  
The financial statements, comprising the Income Statement, Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement, Statement of Changes in Equity, accompanying notes, are in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001 and:

(a)  
comply with Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001; and

(b)  
give a true and fair view of the financial position as at 30 June, 2008 and of the performance for the year ended on that date of the Company and the consolidated entity.

2.  
In the Directors’ opinion, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become due and payable.

3.  
The remuneration disclosures included in pages 16 to 22 of the Directors’ Report (as part of the audited Remuneration Report) for the year ended 30 June, 2008 comply with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001.

4.  
The Directors have been given the declarations by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required by section 295A.

Novogen Limited and its subsidiaries identified in Note 19 are parties to the deed of cross guarantee under which each company guarantees the debts of the others. At the date of this declaration there are reasonable grounds to believe that the companies which are parties to this deed of cross guarantee will as a consolidated entity be able to meet any obligations or liabilities to which they are, or may become, subject to, by virtue of the deed.


This declaration is made in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors and is signed for and on behalf of the Directors by:



/s/ Christopher Naughton

Christopher Naughton
Managing Director


Sydney, 27 August, 2008


76

NOVOGEN LIMITED AND CONTROLLED ENTITIES

 
 
 
   
 
 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  
 
 
To the Members of Novogen Limited

Report on the Financial Report

We have audited the accompanying financial report of Novogen Limited (the company), which comprises the balance sheets as at 30 June 2008, and the income statements, statements of changes in equity and cash flow statements for the year ended on that date, a summary of significant accounting policies, other explanatory notes and the directors’ declaration of the consolidated entity comprising the company and the entities it controlled at the year’s end or from time to time during the financial year.

Directors’ Responsibility for the Financial Report

The directors of the company are responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial report in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards (including the Australian Accounting Interpretations) and the Corporations Act 2001 . This responsibility includes establishing and maintaining internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the financial report that is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; selecting and applying appropriate accounting policies; and making accounting estimates that are reasonable in the circumstances. In Note 1, the directors also state, in accordance with Accounting Standard AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statements, that compliance with the Australian equivalents to International Financial Reporting Standards ensures that the financial report, comprising the consolidated and parent financial statements and notes, complies with International Financial Reporting Standards.

Auditor’s Responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial report based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. These Auditing Standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements relating to audit engagements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial report is free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial report and the remuneration disclosures contained in the directors' report. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial report, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial report in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by the directors, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial report.
 
 

 
     
 
77
 
 
  BDO ADDRESS     BDO ADDRESS
 
 
 

 
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Independence

In conducting our audit, we have complied with the independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 . We confirm that the independence declaration required by the Corporations Act 2001 , provided to the directors of Novogen Limited on 27 August 2008, would be in the same terms if provided to the directors as at the date of this auditor’s report.

Auditor’s Opinion

In our opinion

a)   the financial report of Novogen Limited is in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001 , including:

i)    giving a true and fair view of the company’s and consolidated entity’s financial position as at 30 June 2008 and of their performance for the year ended on that date; and

ii)  complying with Australian Accounting Standards (including the Australian Accounting Interpretations) and the Corporations Regulations 2001; and


b)  the financial report also complies with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed in Note 1.

Report on the Remuneration Report

We have audited the Remuneration Report included in pages 16 to 22 of the directors’ report for the year ended 30 June, 2008. The directors of the company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the Remuneration Report in accordance with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Remuneration Report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards.

Auditor’s Opinion

In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of Novogen Limited for the year ended 30 June 2008, complies with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001.

/s/ BDO

BDO Kendalls
 
/s/ Wayne Basford

Wayne Basford
Partner

Dated in Sydney this 27 day of August, 2008
 
78
NOVOGEN LIMITED AND CONTROLLED ENTITIES
 
 
ASX ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 1.
The information required in the appendix 4E, required by the Australian Stock Exchange, has been satisfied through this annual report.

2.      
Novogen Limited has an Audit Committee consisting of GM Leppinus (Chairman), PJ Nestel AO, PA Johnston and PB Simpson.

3.      
The names of the Substantial Shareholders disclosed to the Company are as follows:

Oppenheimer Funds Inc.                      12,744,689 Shares
Josiah T.Austin and
             El Coronado Holdings, LLC                         20,318,053 Shares
(4,531,633 directly owned with
 the remaining 15,786,420
 represented by 3,157,284
 sponsored ADRs)

 4.       Distribution of shareholders by size of holding as at 22 August, 2008 was:
 
 
    Category (size of Holding)     Number of Shareholders   Number of Shares
    1 – 1,000    1,763    1,107,275
    1,001 – 5,000   1,743    4,645,483
    5,001 – 10,000   424      3,350,019
    10,001- 100,000    379   10,044,977
    100,001+  43 82,978,140
      4,352   102,125,894
       
 
 
            

There is only one class of shares and all shareholders have equal voting rights.

 5.     The number of shareholdings held in less than marketable parcels is 572.
 
 
79
 
6.        
The names of the 20 largest shareholders listed in the holding Company’s Register as at 22 August, 2008 were:
 
       
Number of
ordinary
fully paid
shares held
   
% held of
issued ordinary
capital
 
  1.  
ANZ Nominees Limited
    47,460,579       46.47 %
  2.  
J P Morgan Nominees Australia Limited
    9,043,489       8.86 %
  3.  
Bende Holdings Pty Limited
    5,073,438       4.97 %
  4.  
HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited
    4,705,348       4.61 %
  5.  
El Coronado Holdings LLC
    4,531,633       4.44 %
  6.  
National Nominees Limited
    1,765,897       1.73 %
  7.  
Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited
    1,226,787       1.20 %
  8.  
Petlind Pty Limited
    1,108,658       1.09 %
  9.  
Berne No 132 Nominees Pty Ltd
    784,538       0.77 %
  10.  
Ankerwyke Holdings Pty Ltd
    760,000       0.74 %
  11.  
Werona Investments Pty Ltd
    707,911       0.69 %
  12.  
Coolawin Road Pty Ltd
    513,654       0.50 %
  13.  
Catl Pty Ltd
    500,000       0.49 %
  14.  
Jonwood Constructions Pty Ltd
    450,000       0.44 %
  15.  
Mr John Anderson Maher
    380,540       0.37 %
  16.  
The Naughton Family Supperannuation Fund
    345,574       0.34 %
  17.  
Netned Pty Ltd
    333,660       0.33 %
  18.  
Salvon Pty Ltd
    251,040       0.25 %
  19.  
UBS Wealth Management Australia Nominees Pty Ltd
    246,709       0.24 %
  20.  
Mr Christopher Naughton
    246,026       0.24 %
                    0.00 %
            80,435,481       78.77 %
 
 
 
 
 7.     The name of the Company Secretary is Ronald Lea Erratt.

8.      
The address of the principal Registered Office is 140 Wicks Road, North Ryde, NSW, 2113, Australia.
 Telephone: +61 2  9878 0088   Facsimile:  +61 2 9878 0055.

9.      
The Company’s Share Register is maintained by Computershare Investor Services Pty Limited, Level 12, 565 Bourke Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
 Telephone +613 9611 5711 – Facsimile +61 3 9611 5710.
 Investor enquiries within Australia 1300 855 080.
 E-mail essential.registry@computershare.com.au

10.    
Quotation has been granted for all the ordinary shares of the Company on all Member Exchanges of the Australian Stock Exchange Limited.  American Depository Receipts (ADR) – an ADR is created with 5 Australian listed shares - are traded on the NASDAQ Global Market exchange (code NVGN). Marshall Edwards, Inc., is listed and quoted on the NASDAQ Global Market where shares (code MSHL) are traded.



80

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