The Casino deposit is unusual amongst Canadian porphyry copper deposits in having a well-developed enriched
blanket of secondary copper mineralization similar to that found in deposits in Chile and the southwestern United States, such as the Escondida and Morenci deposits. Unlike other Canadian porphyry deposits, the Casino deposits enriched copper
blanket was not eroded by glacial action. At Casino, weathering during the Tertiary Period leached the copper from the upper 70 m of the deposit, forming the leached cap, and re-deposited it lower in the
deposit, forming the supergene enrichment zones. This created a layer-like sequence consisting of an upper leached zone up to 70 m thick, where all sulphide minerals have been oxidized and copper removed, resulting in a bleached, limonitic leached
cap containing residual gold. Beneath the leached cap is a zone up to 100 m thick of secondary copper sulphide mineralization, primarily chalcocite and minor covellite, and including thin, discontinuous units of supergene copper oxide mineralization
directly underlying the leached cap. The copper grades of the enriched, blanket-like zone can be up to twice that of the underlying unweathered hypogene zone of primary copper mineralization, the latter comprising pyrite, chalcopyrite and lesser
molybdenite. The hypogene copper mineralization is persistent at depth, extending more than 600 m below surface, and beyond the deepest drill holes.
In 2009, Quantec Geoscience Limited of Toronto, Ontario performed Titan-24 DC/IP surveying, as well as an MT survey
over the entire grid. MT surveys provide high resolution and deep penetration (to 1 km), and the Titan DC/IP survey provides reasonable depth coverage to 750 m.
In 2010, all of Pacific Sentinels historic drill core stored at the Casino Property was re-logged to provide
data for the new lithological and alteration models.
In 2011 Western focused on geotechnical, metallurgical and baseline environmental studies, but also
drilled several exploration holes, prior to changing its name to Western Copper and Gold Corp (Western), and creating its wholly owned subsidiary, Casino Mining Corporation (CMC) late that year. In 2011, the program involved 41 drill holes for a
total of 3,163.26 m. In 2012, CMC continued with the geotechnical and metallurgical drilling; six holes (228.07 m) were drilled for metallurgical sampling.
During the 2019 field season, Western focused on exploration drilling for the primary purpose of updating the resource base of the Casino Project. A total of
13,594.63 m in 72 holes were drilled.
During the 2020 field season, Western completed a diamond drilling program of 12,008 m in 49 core holes. The
program focused on identification of high-grade gold intercepts in the Gold Zone, as well as expansion of the main deposit to the north and west. Results are included in this Feasibility Study.
During the 2021 field season, a total of 6,074.97 metres in 22 core holes was completed. The assay values were not used in the determination of the updated
resource described in this report. Four categories of diamond drilling were employed, as follows:
Resource Confirmation Drilling: 5 holes
for 1,483 m.
Metallurgical Drilling: 3 holes for 1,001 m.
Geotechnical Drilling (Deposit area): 8 holes for 1,957 m.
Exploration Drilling: 6 holes for 1,634 m.
The
2021 program also included the drilling of seven geotechnical holes testing ground conditions at the proposed Tailings Management Facility, Heap Leach facility and Mineral Processing site. Roughly 40% of core from 1992 to 2012, all of the 2021 core,
and much of the 2020 core underwent scanning by the GeologicAl instrument of Enersoft Inc.
Also in 2021, an extensive
B-horizon soil sampling program covering areas north, east, and south of the Casino deposit was completed, leading to onsite identification from on-site XRF results of
three targets, which were subsequently drilled. Three further geochemical targets were identified from lab assay results.
A-6