By Alex MacDonald and Robert Wall

LONDON--Rolls-Royce Holdings PLC Thursday swung to a first-half net profit and reaffirmed that its weaker operational performance is set to improve by the end of the year.

Net profit was 544 million pounds ($921 million) compared with a loss of GBP385 million last year, when it incurred a GBP1 billion charge due to the mark to market effect of its hedge book on the back of a strong dollar.

Underlying profit dropped 20% to GBP644 million, reflecting the expected reduction in its defense business, weaker profitability from its Marine division and the adverse impact of currency fluctuations.

"We expect significant improvement in profit for the second half driven by higher revenue and cost reduction. While there are challenges, we maintain our full-year guidance for the group," said John Rishton, Rolls-Royce's Chief Executive.

The company said in May it expects two-thirds of profit to be secured in the second half with 2014 returns little changed from the previous year.

Sales in the first half fell 9.7% to GBP6.63 billion. Sales for the full year should be similar to the GBP15.5 billion seen in 2013.

Rolls-Royce in June announced its first share repurchase as it ruled out big acquisitions. The buyback will start once the company completes the sale of its industrial gas-turbine business to Siemens AG (SIE.XE) for GBP785 million in cash. Mr. Rishton has also embarked on a push to improve profitability on a par with such rivals as General Electric Co.

Rolls-Royce should benefit from becoming the only engine offering on an upgrade of Airbus Group NV's (AIR.FR) A330 widebody jet. The Trent 7000 engine will be chiefly responsible for delivering the 14% fuel savings Airbus is promising customers, the Toulouse-based company said.

Rolls-Royce, however, suffered two contractual set-backs for its commercial jet engine activities in recent weeks. Emirates Airline, the largest carrier by international traffic, voided a deal for 70 Airbus Group NV A350 long-range jets. The twin-engine plane is powered by Rolls-Royce turbines.

Airbus on Tuesday also said Airbus had cancelled a deal with Japan's Skymark Airlines for six A380 superjumbos using Rolls-Royce engines. The cancellation has crimped the engine maker's orderbook by GBP351 million.

Write to Alex MacDonald at alex.macdonald@wsj.com and Robert Wall at robert.wall@wsj.com

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