If any of the securities being registered
on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following
box: x
If this form is filed to register additional
securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities
Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this form is a post-effective amendment
filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this form is a post-effective amendment
filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If delivery of the prospectus is expected
to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. ¨
Indicate by check mark
whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company,
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller
reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards
provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ¨
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
This
summary highlights some of the information contained elsewhere in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
Because it is a summary, it may not contain all the information that you should consider before investing in our common stock.
To fully understand this offering, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including the more detailed information set
forth under the caption “Risk Factors.”
Unless the context
otherwise requires or indicates, references in this prospectus to “us,” “we,” “our” or “our
company” refer to Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc., a Maryland corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries,
including Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, which we refer to as our operating partnership.
We refer to Medalist Fund Manager, Inc., a Virginia corporation, as our Manager. As used in this prospectus, an affiliate
of, or person affiliated with, a specified person, is a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries,
controls or is controlled by, or is under common control with, the person specified.
Our Company
Medalist Diversified
REIT, Inc. was formed in 2015 as a Maryland corporation, to acquire, reposition, renovate, lease and manage income-producing
properties, with a primary focus on (i) commercial properties, including flex-industrial, and retail properties, (ii) multi-family
residential properties and (iii) hotel properties. We invest primarily in properties across secondary and tertiary markets
in the southeastern part of the United States, with a concentration in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida
and Alabama. Beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2017, we believe that we have operated in a manner qualifying
us as a REIT, and we have elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We are externally managed and advised
by Medalist Fund Manager, Inc., a Virginia corporation, or our Manager. Our Manager makes all investment decisions for us.
Our Manager is owned fifty percent each by Mr. Bill Elliott and Mr. Tim Messier, who are co-Presidents thereof.
We operate as an UPREIT,
and own our properties through our subsidiary, Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership. We may also
pursue other real estate-related investments, including but not limited to equity or other ownership interests in entities that
are the direct or indirect owners of real property, or indirect investments in real property, such as those that may be obtained
in a joint venture. We anticipate that any such equity or joint venture investments to be in controlling interests in such entities.
While we do not intend for these types of investments to be a primary focus, we may make such investments in our Manager’s
sole discretion. We refer to our investments in real property and our real estate-related investments, collectively, as Investments.
As of the date of the
prospectus, we own six Investments comprised of three retail properties, two hotel properties and one flex/industrial property.
We own 100% of the interests in our Investments, except for one hotel property of which we own 75% tenant-in-common interest in
the property and one retail property of which we own 84% tenant-in-common interest in the property.
Our principal objectives
include sourcing value-add Investments in markets in which we maintain deep industry relationships and local market knowledge,
and the creation of value for stockholders by utilizing our relationships and local knowledge of commercial real estate investment,
management and disposition. There is, however, no assurance that any of these objectives will be achieved.
We may make Investments
in properties owned by unaffiliated third parties, our Manager, or affiliates of our Manager, as determined by our Manager in its
sole discretion. The purchase price of any Investment owned by an affiliated party will be based upon the fair market value of
the asset established by third-party MAI appraisal.
The Private Placement
In October 2020, we completed a private
placement transaction (the “Private Placement”) of the Debentures. We sold and issued the First Debenture promptly
after entering into the SPA. We anticipate selling the Second Debenture promptly after filing this Registration Statement, and
we anticipate selling and issuing the Third Debenture promptly after the SEC declares this Registration Statement effective. The
Debentures mature 12 months from their respective issuance dates and accrue interest at an annual rate equal to 5% and are due
and payable on their respective maturity dates (or sooner if the Selling Stockholder otherwise accelerates the maturity dates,
as provided for in the Debentures). Initially, the Debentures are convertible at the lower of: (i) the
Fixed Conversion Price, or (ii) 88% of the lowest daily volume weighted average trading price of the Company’s Common
Stock during the ten trading days prior to the conversion; provided that, the Purchaser may not convert for a price lower than
the Price Floor.
The Debentures are
subject to a “conversion blocker” such that the Selling Stockholder cannot convert any portion of the Debentures that
would result in the Selling Stockholder and its affiliates holding more than 4.99% of the then-issued and outstanding shares of
our Common Stock following such conversion. The Selling Stockholder can increase that 4.99% “conversion blocker” to
9.8% in its sole discretion upon not less than 65 days prior notice to the Company. In addition, pursuant to rules under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, until such time as twenty (20) days have elapsed from the dissemination of the Information
Statement to holders of Common Stock, any issuance of Debentures by the Company shall be restricted to converting, in an aggregate,
less than twenty percent (20%) of the number of shares of Common Stock presently outstanding.
Our Manager
Our
Manager and its affiliated companies specialize in acquiring, developing, owning and managing value-added commercial real estate
in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast regions. Through their prior experience in the real estate industry, our Manager’s principals
and their respective affiliates have developed a strong network of relationships with real estate owners, investors, operators
and developers of all sizes and investment formats, across the United States and have a track record of success. We intend to leverage
this experience to gain access to and identify suitable Investments, located across secondary and tertiary markets throughout the
southeastern part of the United States, primarily in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida and Alabama. We
do not anticipate making Investments outside of the United States. This offering represents an opportunity for outside investors
to take advantage of the principals’ expertise through a pooled investment vehicle.
Our
Manager oversees our overall business and affairs, and it has broad discretion to make operating decisions on behalf of our company
and to make Investments. Our stockholders will not be involved in our day-to-day affairs. Summary background information regarding
the management of our Manager appears in the section entitled “Our Manager and Related Agreements.”
Financing Policy
We
anticipate that with respect to Investments either acquired with debt financing or refinanced, the debt financing amount generally
would be up to approximately 70-80% of the acquisition price of a particular Investment, provided, however, we are not restricted
in the amount of leverage we may use to finance an Investment. Particular Investments may be more highly leveraged. Further, our
Manager expects that any debt financing for an Investment will be secured by that Investment or the interests in an entity that
owns that Investment. The current aggregate leverage of our Investments is approximately 70%
Distribution Policy
In
order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our annual taxable income (excluding net capital
gains and income from operations or sales through a taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS). We intend to make regular cash distributions
to our stockholders out of our cash available for distribution, typically on a quarterly basis. Our board of directors will determine
the amount of distributions to be distributed to our stockholders on a quarterly basis. Our board of directors’ determination
will be based on a number of factors, including funds available from operations, our capital expenditure requirements and the annual
distribution requirements necessary to maintain our REIT qualification under the Code. As a result, our distribution rate and payment
frequency may vary from time to time. Generally, our policy will be to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. However,
our distributions may be paid from sources other than cash flows from operations, such as from the proceeds of this offering, borrowings,
advances from our Manager or from our Manager’s deferral of its fees and expense reimbursements, as necessary. See “Distribution
Policy.”
REIT Status
Beginning
with our taxable year ended December 31, 2017, we believe that we have operated in a manner qualifying us as a REIT, and we
have elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. As long as we maintain our qualification as a REIT, we generally
will not be subject to federal income or excise tax on income that we currently distribute to our stockholders. Under the Code,
a REIT is subject to numerous organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it annually distribute
at least 90% of its REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital
gain) to its stockholders. If we fail to maintain our qualification as a REIT in any year, our income will be subject to federal
income tax at regular corporate rates, regardless of our distributions to stockholders, and we may be precluded from qualifying
for treatment as a REIT for the four-year period immediately following the taxable year in which such failure occurs. We may still
be subject to state and local taxes on our income and property and to federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income.
Moreover, we have created a TRS and may create additional TRSs, and such TRSs generally will be subject to federal income taxation
and to various other taxes.
Restriction on Ownership
and Transfer of Our Common Stock
Our charter contains
a restriction on ownership of our shares that generally prevents any one person from owning more than 9.8% in value of the outstanding
shares of our capital stock or more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding
shares of our common stock, unless otherwise excepted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors. Our charter also
contains other restrictions designed to help us maintain our qualification as a REIT. In addition, the articles supplementary establishing
the Series A Preferred Stock provides that generally no person may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the attribution provisions
of the Code, either more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding Series A
Preferred Stock. Upon the closing of our IPO, our board of directors exempted the Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation
Program, or the Virginia Birth Injury Program, from the 9.8% ownership limit. In connection with that exemption, our board of directors
set the Virginia Birth Injury Program’s ownership limit at 32.95% of our issued and outstanding common stock. As of the November 4,
2020, our top five stockholders, by share ownership, beneficially own 34.81% of our issued and outstanding common stock. If any
of these stockholders increase their holdings, our top five stockholders could own in excess of 50% threshold which could result
in our company being considered “closely held” by the IRS and our failure to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax
purposes. If this were to occur, your investment would be negatively affected. See “Risk Factors— You may be restricted
from acquiring or transferring certain amounts of our common stock” and “Description of Capital Stock — Restrictions
on Ownership and Transfer.”
Emerging Growth Company under the JOBS
Act
As a company with less
than $1.07 billion in revenues during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart
Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. As an emerging growth company, we have elected to take advantage of reduced
reporting requirements and are relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public
companies. As an emerging growth company:
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we may present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations;
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we are exempt from the requirement to obtain an attestation and report from our auditors on whether
we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;
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we are permitted to provide less extensive disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements;
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We are permitted to utilize the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting
standards available to private companies; and
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we are not required to give our stockholders non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation
or golden parachute arrangements.
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We may take advantage
of these provisions until December 31, 2023 (the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our initial
public offering) if we continue to be an emerging growth company. We would cease to be an emerging growth company if we have more
than $1.07 billion in annual revenues, have more than $700 million in market value of our shares held by non-affiliates or issue
more than $1.07 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period. We may choose to take advantage of some but not all of
these reduced burdens. We have elected to provide two years of audited financial statements. Additionally, we have elected to take
advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
or the Securities Act, for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and
private companies until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively
and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.
Summary Risk Factors
An investment
in our common stock involves a number of risks. See “Risk Factors,” beginning on page 6 of this prospectus. Some
of the more significant risks include those set forth below.
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Our success is totally dependent on our ability to make additional Investments consistent with our investment goals.
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We have limited operating history, and there is no guaranty that we will be successful in the operation of the company moving
forward.
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Because we are dependent on our Manager and its affiliates to conduct our operations, any adverse changes in the financial
health of our Manager or its affiliates or our relationship with them could hinder our operating performance and the return on
your investment.
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We may have conflicts of interest with our Manager and its affiliates, which could result in investment decisions that are
not in the best interests of stockholders.
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The stock ownership limit imposed by the Code for REITs and our charter may inhibit market activity in our stock and may restrict
our business combination opportunities.
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We have experienced losses in the past, and we may experience similar losses in the future.
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We may not be able to satisfy the listing requirements of Nasdaq Capital Market to maintain a listing of our common stock.
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Your investment return may be reduced if we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company
Act; if we are subject to registration under the Investment Company Act, we will not be able to continue our business.
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Our board of directors has approved very broad investment guidelines for our Manager and will not approve each investment and
financing decision made by our Manager unless required by our investment guidelines.
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Stockholders may incur substantial dilution, and the market price of our common stock may be significantly reduced, if the
Selling Stockholder sells all or even a portion of its Conversion Shares.
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If we are unable to
effectively manage the impact of these and other risks, our ability to meet our investment objectives would be substantially impaired.
In turn, the value of our common stock and our ability to make distributions would be materially reduced.
Conflicts of Interest
Our
officers and directors, and the owners and officers of our Manager and its affiliates are involved in, and will continue to be
involved in, the ownership and advising of other real estate entities and programs, including those sponsored by the Medalist companies
and its affiliates or in which one or more of the Medalist companies is a manager or participant. These pre-existing interests,
and similar additional interests as may arise in the future, may give rise to conflicts of interest with respect to our business,
our investments and our investment opportunities. In particular, but without limitation:
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Our Manager, its officers and their respective affiliates will face conflicts of interest relating
to the purchase and leasing of real estate investments, and such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor. This could limit our
investment opportunities, impair our ability to make distributions and reduce the value of your investment in us.
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If we acquire properties from entities owned or sponsored by affiliates of our Manager, the price
may be higher than we would pay if the transaction was the result of arm’s-length negotiations with a third party.
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Our Manager will have considerable discretion with respect to the terms and timing of our acquisition,
disposition and leasing transactions.
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Our Manager and its affiliates, including our officers, some of whom are also our directors, face
conflicts of interest caused by their ownership of our Manager and their roles with other programs, which could result in actions
that are not in the long-term best interests of our stockholders.
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If the competing demands for the time of our Manager, its affiliates and our officers result in
them spending insufficient time on our business, we may miss investment opportunities or have less efficient operations, which
could reduce our profitability and result in lower distributions to you.
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We
do not have a policy that expressly restricts any of our directors, officers, stockholders or affiliates, including our Manager
and its officers and employees, from having a pecuniary interest in an investment in or from conducting, for their own account,
business activities of the type we conduct. We have not adopted any specific conflicts of interest policies, and, therefore, other
than in respect of the restrictions placed on our Manager in the Management Agreement, we will be reliant upon the good faith of
our Manager, officers and directors in the resolution of any conflict.
Background and Corporate
Information
We
were incorporated on September 28, 2015 under the laws of the State of Maryland for the purpose of raising capital and acquiring
a diverse portfolio of real estate assets. Our principal executive offices are located at 1051 E. Cary Street, Suite 601,
James Center Three, Richmond, Virginia 23219. Our telephone number is (804) 344-4435.
The Offering
Issuer:
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Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc.
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Securities Being Offered by the Selling Stockholder:
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Up to 2,075,000 shares of our Common Stock
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Offering Price:
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The Selling Stockholder may offer, sell, or distribute all or a portion of the Conversion Shares and Commitment Shares registered hereby either through public or private transactions at prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. See “Plan of Distribution.”
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Risk of Factors:
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The Securities offered hereby involve a high degree of risk and should not be purchased by investors who cannot afford the loss of their entire investment. See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of the factors you should consider carefully before making an investment decision.
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Shares of our Common Stock Issued and Outstanding Prior to the Offering:
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4,971,858 (1)
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Use of Proceeds:
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We will not receive proceeds from the sale of the Conversion Shares or the Commitment Shares by the Selling Stockholder. We have agreed to bear the expenses relating to the registration of the Securities of the Selling Stockholder. See “Use of Proceeds.”
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Trading Symbol:
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Our Common Stock is currently quoted on the NASDAQ under the symbol “MDRR.”
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(1)
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This number is based on (i) 4,797,968 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of the date of this prospectus, (ii) 49,890 shares of common stock that may be issued to Moloney Securities Co., Inc. pursuant to a Warrant to purchase shares of common stock issued in 2018 and (iii) 125,000 OP Units are eligible to be redeemed for cash or, at our option, exchanged for shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis. As of the date of this prospectus, there are a total of 218,850 OP Units not held by us which were issued in connection with our acquisition of the Greensboro Hampton Inn, which may, subject to certain limitations, be redeemed for cash or, at our option, exchanged for shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis. As of the date of this prospectus, 125,000 OP Units are eligible to be redeemed for cash or, at our option, exchanged for shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis.
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RISK FACTORS
An
investment in our common stock involves a number of very significant risks. You should carefully consider the following risk factors
in conjunction with the other information contained in this prospectus before purchasing our common stock. The risks discussed
in this prospectus could adversely affect our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. This could cause
the value of our common stock to decline and/or you to lose part or all of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described
below are not the only ones we face but do represent those risks and uncertainties that we believe are material to us. Additional
risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that, as of the date of this prospectus, we deem immaterial may also harm
our business. Some statements in this prospectus, including statements in the following risk factors, constitute forward-looking
statements. Please refer to the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Risks Related to Our
Business and Investments
Our
success is totally dependent on our ability to make additional Investments consistent with our investment goals.
We
cannot provide prospective investors with any specific information as to the identification, location, operating histories, lease
terms or other relevant economic and financial data regarding any other Investments we will make with the net proceeds of this
offering. Our success is totally dependent on our ability to make Investments consistent with our investment goals, and a failure
to do so is likely to materially and adversely affect returns to our stockholders.
Restrictions
in tenants in common agreements related to the Greensboro Hampton Inn and Hanover Square North may adversely impact our investments
in those properties.
We own two of our six
Investments, the Greensboro Hampton Inn and Hanover Square North, with a tenant in common. In connection with each of our acquisitions
of those Investments, we entered into a tenant in common agreement with an unaffiliated third party. The tenant in common agreements
require consent of both tenants in common for certain actions, including but not limited to, selling the property and refinancing
the property. As a result, we may be unable to sell or refinance either or both properties when it would be advantageous to us.
While each agreement provides a buy/sell provision in the event the tenants in common are unable to agree on a decision requiring
unanimous consent, there is no guaranty that we will be able to buyout our tenant in common in a timely manner or at all.
You
will not have the opportunity to evaluate our Investments before we make them.
Because
we have not identified all of the specific assets that we will acquire with the proceeds raised in this offering, we are not able
to provide you with information that you may want to evaluate before deciding to invest in our shares. Our investment policies
and strategies are very broad and permit us to invest in any type of commercial real estate, including developed and undeveloped
properties, entities owning these assets or other real estate assets regardless of geographic location or property type. Our Manager
and board of directors have absolute discretion in implementing these policies and strategies, subject to the restrictions on investment
objectives and policies set forth in our articles of incorporation. Because you cannot evaluate our investments in advance of purchasing
shares of our common stock, this offering may entail more risk than other types of offerings. This additional risk may hinder your
ability to achieve your own personal investment objectives related to portfolio diversification, risk-adjusted investment returns
and other objectives.
Our
future growth will depend upon our ability to acquire and lease properties in a competitive real estate business and to raise additional
capital.
Our
future growth will depend, in large part, upon our ability to acquire and lease properties and raise additional capital. In order
to grow we need to continue to acquire and finance investment properties and sell non-core properties. We face significant competition
with respect to our acquisition and origination of assets from many other companies, including other REITs, insurance companies,
private investment funds, hedge funds, specialty finance companies and other investors. Some competitors may have a lower cost
of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk
tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more
relationships than us. Furthermore, there is significant competition on a national, regional and local level with respect to property
management services and in commercial real estate services generally, and we are subject to competition from large national and
multi-national firms as well as local or regional firms that offer similar services to ours. Some of our competitors may have greater
financial and operational resources, larger customer bases, and more established relationships with their customers and suppliers
than we do. The competitive pressures we face, if not effectively managed, may have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.
Also,
as a result of this competition, we may not be able to take advantage of attractive origination and investment opportunities, and
therefore may not be able to identify and pursue opportunities that are consistent with our objectives. Competition may limit the
number of suitable investment opportunities offered to us. It may also result in higher prices, lower yields and a narrower spread
of yields over our borrowing costs, making it more difficult for us to acquire new investments on attractive terms. In addition,
competition for desirable investments could delay our investment in desirable assets, which may in turn reduce our earnings per
share and negatively affect our ability to declare and make distributions to our stockholders.
Our
Manager may not be successful in identifying and consummating suitable investment opportunities.
Our
investment strategy requires us, through our Manager, to identify suitable investment opportunities compatible with our investment
criteria. Our Manager may not be successful in identifying suitable opportunities that meet our criteria or in consummating investments,
including those identified as part of our investment pipeline, on satisfactory terms or at all. Our ability to make investments
on favorable terms may be constrained by several factors including, but not limited to, competition from other investors with significant
capital, including publicly-traded REITs and institutional investment funds, which may significantly increase investment costs;
and/or the inability to finance an investment on favorable terms or at all. The failure to identify or consummate investments on
satisfactory terms, or at all, may impede our growth and negatively affect our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
If
we cannot obtain additional capital, our ability to make acquisitions and lease properties will be limited. We are subject to risks
associated with debt and capital stock issuances, and such issuances may have consequences to holders of shares of our common stock.
Our
ability to make acquisitions and lease properties will depend, in large part, upon our ability to raise additional capital. If
we were to raise additional capital through the issuance of equity securities, we could dilute the interests of holders of shares
of our common stock. Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of classes or series of preferred stock which may have rights
that could dilute, or otherwise adversely affect, the interest of holders of shares our common stock.
Further,
we expect to incur additional indebtedness in the future, which may include a corporate credit facility. Such indebtedness could
also have other important consequences to holders of the notes and holders of our common and preferred stock, including subjecting
us to covenants restricting our operating flexibility, increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions,
limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate
requirements, requiring the use of a portion of our cash flow from operations for the payment of principal and interest on our
indebtedness, thereby reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund working capital, acquisitions, capital expenditures and
general corporate requirements, and limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry.
Lack
of diversification in number of investments increases our dependence on individual investments.
If
we acquire other property interests that are similarly large in relation to our overall size, our portfolio could become even more
concentrated, increasing the risk of loss to stockholders if a default or other problem arises. Alternatively, property sales may
reduce the aggregate amount of our property investment portfolio in value or number. As a result, our portfolio could become concentrated
in larger assets, thereby reducing the benefits of diversification by geography, property type, tenancy or other measures.
We
may never reach sufficient size to achieve diversity in our portfolio.
We
are presently a comparatively small company with a modest number of properties, resulting in a portfolio that lacks geographic
and tenant diversity. While we intend to endeavor to grow and diversify our portfolio through additional property acquisitions,
we may never reach a significant size to achieve true portfolio diversity.
The
market for real estate investments is highly competitive.
Identifying
attractive real estate investment opportunities, particularly in the value-added real estate arena, is difficult and involves a
high degree of uncertainty. Furthermore, the historical performance of a particular property or market is not a guarantee or prediction
of the property’s or market’s future performance. There can be no assurance that we will be able to locate suitable
acquisition opportunities, achieve its investment goal and objectives, or fully deploy for investment the net proceeds of this
offering.
Because
of the recent growth in demand for real estate investments, there may be increased competition among investors to invest in the
same asset classes as our company. This competition may lead to an increase in the investment prices or otherwise less favorable
investment terms. If this situation occurs with a particular Investment, our return on that Investment is likely to be less than
the return it could have achieved if it had invested at a time of less investor competition for the Investment. For this and other
reasons, our Manager is under no restrictions concerning the timing of Investments.
We
are required to make a number of judgments in applying accounting policies, and different estimates and assumptions in the application
of these policies could result in changes to our reporting of financial condition and results of operations.
Various
estimates are used in the preparation of our financial statements, including estimates related to asset and liability valuations
(or potential impairments) and various receivables. Often these estimates require the use of market data values that may be difficult
to assess, as well as estimates of future performance or receivables collectability that may be difficult to accurately predict.
While we have identified those accounting policies that are considered critical and have procedures in place to facilitate the
associated judgments, different assumptions in the application of these policies could result in material changes to our financial
condition and results of operations.
We
utilize, and intend to continue to utilize, leverage, which may limit our financial flexibility in the future.
We
make acquisitions and operate our business in part through the utilization of leverage pursuant to loan agreements with various
financial institutions. These loan agreements contain financial covenants that restrict our operations. These financial covenants,
as well as any future financial covenants we may enter into through further loan agreements, could inhibit our financial flexibility
in the future and prevent distributions to stockholders.
We
may incur losses as a result of ineffective risk management processes and strategies.
We
seek to monitor and control our risk exposure through a risk and control framework encompassing a variety of separate but complementary
financial, credit, operational, compliance and legal reporting systems, internal controls, management review processes and other
mechanisms. While we employ a broad and diversified set of risk monitoring and risk mitigation techniques, those techniques and
the judgments that accompany their application cannot anticipate every economic and financial outcome or the specifics and timing
of such outcomes. Thus, we may, in the course of our activities, incur losses due to these risks.
We
are dependent on information systems and third parties, and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may,
in turn, negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Our
business is dependent on communications and information systems, some of which are provided by third parties. Any failure or interruption
of our systems could cause delays or other problems, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively
affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Inflation
may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Although
inflation has not materially impacted the results of operations of our affiliates in the recent past, increased inflation could
have a more pronounced negative impact on any variable rate debt we incur in the future and on our results of operations. During
times when inflation is greater than increases in rent, the contracted rent increases called for under our leases may be unable
to keep pace with the rate of inflation. Likewise, while triple-net leases will generally reduce our exposure to rising property
expenses resulting from inflation, substantial inflationary pressures and increased costs may have an adverse impact on our tenants,
which may adversely affect the ability of our tenants to pay rent.
Compliance
with changing regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure may result in additional expenses.
Changing
laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,
or the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, new Securities and Exchange
Commission regulations and stock exchange rules and state blue sky laws, regulations and filing requirements, are creating
uncertainty for companies such as ours. These new or changed laws, regulations, and standards are subject to varying interpretations,
in many cases due to their lack of specificity. As a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance
is provided by regulatory and governing bodies, which could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher
costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We are committed to maintaining high standards
of corporate governance and public disclosure. As a result, our efforts to comply with evolving laws, regulations, and standards
have resulted in, and are likely to continue to result in, increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management
time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities.
We
will incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public company and our management will be required to devote substantial
time to new compliance initiatives and corporate governance practices.
As
a public company, and particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” we will incur significant
legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street
Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market and
other applicable securities rules and regulations impose various requirements on public companies. Our management and other
personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to compliance with these requirements. Moreover, these rules and
regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly.
For example, we expect that these rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain directors’
and officers’ liability insurance, which could make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of
our board of directors. We cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we will incur as a public company or the
timing of such costs.
If we are unable
to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in the future, our ability to produce accurate financial statements
could be impaired, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the market price
of our common stock may decline.
We are subject to the
information and reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and, in accordance with this law, we will file periodic
reports (Form 10-K’s, Form 10-Q’s and Form 8-K’s), proxy statements and other information with
the Securities and Exchange Commission. As a public reporting company, we are required to maintain internal control over financial
reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal control. We are also required to establish and maintain effective
disclosure controls. In addition, we are required to furnish a report by management on the effectiveness of our internal control
over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In early 2018, we began the process of implementing
the internal control over financial reporting required to comply with this obligation, which process is time consuming, costly
and complicated. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm will be required to attest to the effectiveness
of our internal control over financial reporting beginning with our annual report on Form 10-K following the date on which
we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” which may be up to five full years following the date of our IPO, or
2023. If we identify material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, if we are unable to comply with the
requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective,
or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion as to the effectiveness of our internal
control over financial reporting when required, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial
reports and the market price of our common stock could be negatively affected, and we could become subject to investigations by
the stock exchange on which our securities are listed, the Securities and Exchange Commission or other regulatory authorities,
which could require additional financial and management resources.
We
may discover deficiencies with our internal controls that require improvements, and we will be exposed to potential risks from
legislation requiring companies to evaluate controls under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
It may be time consuming,
difficult and costly for us to implement and maintain the additional internal controls, processes and reporting procedures required
by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Currently, as a small company, we maintain our internal controls through a segregation of duties between
our executive officers. Our current officers and directors have limited experience in management of a publicly reporting company.
This may be inadequate to have internal controls as we will rely heavily on direct management oversight of transactions, along
with the use of external legal and accounting professionals. We may need to hire additional financial reporting, internal auditing
and other finance staff in order to implement and maintain appropriate additional internal controls, processes and reporting procedures.
If we fail to comply
in a timely manner with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act regarding internal control over financial
reporting or to remedy any material weaknesses in our internal controls that we may identify, such failure could result in material
misstatements in our financial statements, cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and have a
negative effect on the trading price of our common stock.
Pursuant to Section 404
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and current SEC regulations, we are required to prepare assessments regarding internal controls over
financial reporting and, furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting. We are not required
to obtain the auditor attestation of management’s evaluation of internal controls over financial reporting because we are
a smaller reporting company.
This process of internal
control evaluation and testing is likely to result in increased general and administrative expenses and may shift management time
and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. While our management expects to expend significant resources
in an effort to complete this important project, there can be no assurance that we will be able to achieve our objective on a timely
basis. If it is determined that we are not in compliance with Section 404, we may be required to implement new internal control
procedures and re-evaluate our financial reporting. Failure to maintain an effective internal control environment or complete our
Section 404 certifications could have a material adverse effect on our ability to comply with our periodic reporting obligations
under the Exchange Act and on our stock price.
In addition, in connection
with our on-going assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, we may discover a “material
weaknesses” in our internal controls as defined in standards established by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board,
or the PCAOB. A material weakness is a significant deficiency, or combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more
than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected
on a timely basis. The PCAOB defines “significant deficiency” as a deficiency that results in more than a remote likelihood
that a misstatement of the financial statements that is more than inconsequential will not be prevented or detected.
In the event that a
material weakness is identified, we would be required to adopt and implement policies and procedures to address such material weaknesses.
We may also need to employ additional qualified personnel to assist us in these efforts. The process of designing and implementing
effective internal controls is a continuous effort that requires us to anticipate and react to changes in our business and the
economic and regulatory environments and to expend significant resources to maintain a system of internal controls that is adequate
to satisfy our reporting obligations as a public company. We cannot assure you that the measures we will take will remediate any
material weaknesses that we may identify or that we will implement and maintain adequate controls over our financial process and
reporting in the future.
We
are an emerging growth company and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies
will make our common stock less attractive to investors.
For
as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting
requirements that are applicable to other public companies including, but not limited to, reduced disclosure obligations regarding
executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding
advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We cannot
predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find
our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price
may be more volatile.
We
will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the end of the fiscal year in which the market value of our
common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million, (ii) the end of the fiscal year in which we have total annual
gross revenue of $1.07 billion or more during such fiscal year, (iii) the date on which we issue more than $1 billion in non-convertible
debt in a three-year period or (iv) five years from the date of this prospectus.
We have experienced
losses in the past, and we may experience similar losses in the future.
From
inception of our company through September 30, 2020, we had a cumulative net loss of $12,924,913. Our losses can be attributed,
in part, to the initial start-up costs and high corporate general and administrative expenses relative to the size of our portfolio.
In addition, acquisition costs and depreciation and amortization expenses substantially reduced our income. We cannot assure you
that, in the future, we will be profitable or that we will realize growth in the value of our assets.
Disruptions in
the financial markets and uncertain economic conditions resulting from the outbreak of COVID-19 could adversely affect market rental
rates, commercial real estate values, hotel revenues and our ability to secure debt financing, service future debt obligations,
or pay distributions to stockholders.
The outbreak of a novel
strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”), both in the U.S. and globally, has created significant disruptions to financial
markets, has resulted in business shutdowns and has led to an expectation of recessionary conditions in the economy in the short
term. We expect the significance of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the extent of its effects on our financial and operational
results, to be dictated by, among other things, its nature, duration and scope, the success of efforts to contain the spread of
COVID-19 and the impact of actions taken in response to the pandemic including travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter
in place orders, the promotion of social distancing and limitations on business activity, including business closures. At this
point, the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact the global economy and our business is uncertain, but pandemics or
other significant public health events could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Volatility in global
markets and changing political environments can cause fluctuations in the performance of the U.S. commercial real estate markets.
Economic slowdowns of large economies outside the United States are likely to negatively impact growth of the U.S. economy. Political
uncertainties both home and abroad may discourage business investment in real estate and other capital spending. Possible future
declines in rental rates and expectations of future rental concessions, including free rent to renew tenants early, to retain tenants
who are up for renewal or to attract new tenants, or requests from tenants for rent abatements during periods when they are severely
impacted by COVID-19, may result in decreases in our cash flows from our retail and flex properties. The current and potential
future travel bans and stay at home orders have and are expected to materially affect our hotel revenues. Management continuously
reviews our investment and debt financing strategies to optimize our portfolio and the cost of our debt exposure.
The debt market remains
sensitive to the macro-economic environment, such as Federal Reserve policy, market sentiment or regulatory factors affecting the
banking and commercial mortgage backed securities ("CMBS") industries and the COVID-19 pandemic. We may experience more
stringent lending criteria, which may affect our ability to finance certain property acquisitions or refinance any debt at maturity.
Additionally, for properties for which we are able to obtain financing, the interest rates and other terms on such loans may be
unacceptable. We expect to manage the current mortgage lending environment by considering alternative lending sources, including
but not limited to securitized debt, fixed rate loans, short-term variable rate loans, assumed mortgage loans in connection with
property acquisitions, interest rate lock or swap agreements, or any combination of the foregoing.
Disruptions in the financial markets and
uncertain economic conditions could adversely affect the values of our investments. Furthermore, declining economic conditions
could negatively impact commercial real estate fundamentals and result in lower occupancy, lower rental rates and declining values
in our real estate portfolio, which could have a negative effect on the values of our properties and revenues from our properties.
Additionally, the significant disruption and volatility in the global capital markets increases the cost of capital and may adversely
impact our access to the capital markets.
Risks Related to our
Management and Relationships with our Manager
Our Manager and
our senior management team have limited experience managing a REIT or a publicly traded company.
Our
senior management team has limited experience managing a REIT or a publicly traded company. We cannot assure you that the past
experience of our Manager and our senior management team will be sufficient to successfully operate our company as a REIT and as
a publicly traded company, including meeting the requirements to timely meet disclosure and reporting obligations under the Exchange
Act, exchange listing requirements and requirements relative to maintaining our qualification as a REIT.
We
are dependent on our Manager and its key personnel for our success.
Currently,
we are advised by our Manager and, pursuant to the Management Agreement, our Manager is not obligated to dedicate any specific
personnel exclusively to us, nor is its personnel obligated to dedicate any specific portion of their time to the management of
our business. As a result, we cannot provide any assurances regarding the amount of time our Manager will dedicate to the management
of our business. Moreover, each of our officers and non-independent directors is also an employee of our Manager or one of its
affiliates, and they have significant responsibilities for other investment vehicles currently managed by affiliates. As a result,
they may not always be able to devote sufficient time to the management of our business. Consequently, we may not receive the level
of support and assistance that we otherwise might receive if we were internally managed.
In
addition, we offer no assurance that our Manager will remain our manager or that we will continue to have access to our Manager’s
principals and professionals. The initial term of the Management Agreement extended until December 31, 2018, with automatic
one-year renewals thereafter, and may be terminated earlier under certain circumstances. While the Management Agreement was renewed
on January 1, 2020 for a one-year term, if the Management Agreement is terminated or not renewed at the end of the year and
no suitable replacement is found to manage us, we may not be able to execute our business plan, which could have a material adverse
effect on our results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
The
inability of our Manager to retain or obtain key personnel could delay or hinder implementation of our investment strategies, which
could impair our ability to make distributions and could reduce the value of your investment.
Our
Manager is obligated to supply us with substantially all of our senior management team, including our chief executive officer,
president, chief accounting officer and chief operating officer. Subject to investment, leverage and other guidelines or policies
adopted by our board of directors, our Manager has significant discretion regarding the implementation of our investment and operating
policies and strategies. Accordingly, we believe that our success will depend significantly upon the experience, skill, resources,
relationships and contacts of the senior officers and key personnel of our Manager and its affiliates. In particular, our success
depends to a significant degree upon the contributions of Messrs. Elliott and Messier, who are senior officers of our Manager.
We do not have employment agreements with any of these key personnel and do not currently have key man life insurance on any of
them. However, as of the closing of this offering, we shall have obtained, and shall maintain for a period of no less than two
(2) years, key man life insurance on the life of Mr. Messier, our Chief Executive Officer. If either of Messrs. Elliott
and Messier were to cease their affiliation with us or our Manager, our Manager may be unable to find suitable replacements, and
our operating results could suffer. We believe that our future success depends, in large part, upon our Manager’s ability
to hire and retain highly skilled managerial, operational and marketing personnel. Competition for highly skilled personnel is
intense, and our Manager may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining such skilled personnel. If we lose or are unable to obtain
the services of highly skilled personnel, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered, and
the value of your investment may decline.
Termination
of the Management Agreement, even for poor performance, could be difficult and costly, including as a result of termination or
incentive fees, and may cause us to be unable to execute our business plan.
Termination
of the Management Agreement without cause, even for poor performance, could be difficult and costly. We may generally
terminate our Manager for “cause” (as defined in the Management Agreement); provided, that if we are terminating
due to a “change of control” of our Manager (as defined in the Management Agreement), and a majority of our
directors must determine such change of control is materially detrimental to us prior to any termination. If we terminate the
Management Agreement without cause or in connection with an internalization, or if our Manager terminates the Management
Agreement because of a material breach thereof by us or as a result of a change of control of our company, we must pay our
Manager a termination fee payable in cash or, in connection with an internalization, acquire our Manager at an equivalent
price, which may include a contribution of our Manager’s assets in exchange for OP Units or other tax-efficient
transaction. The termination fee, if any, will be equal to three times the sum of the management fee and incentive fee
earned, in each case, by our Manager during the 12-month period prior to such termination, calculated as of the end of the
most recently completed fiscal quarter. These provisions may substantially restrict our ability to terminate the Management
Agreement without cause and would cause us to incur substantial costs in connection with such a termination. Furthermore, in
the event that the Management Agreement is terminated, with or without cause, and we are unable to identify a suitable
replacement to manage us, our ability to execute our business plan could be adversely affected.
Because
we are dependent upon our Manager and its affiliates to conduct our operations, any adverse changes in the financial health of
our Manager or its affiliates or our relationship with them could hinder our operating performance and the return on your investment.
We
are dependent on our Manager and its affiliates to manage our operations and acquire and manage our portfolio of real estate assets.
Under the direction of our board of directors, and subject to our investment guidelines, our Manager makes all decisions with respect
to the management of our company. Our Manager depends upon the fees and other compensation that it receives from us in connection
with managing our company to conduct its operations. Any adverse changes in the financial condition of our Manager or its affiliates,
or our relationship with our Manager, could hinder its ability to successfully manage our operations and our portfolio of investments,
which would adversely affect us and our stockholders.
Our
board of directors has approved very broad investment guidelines for our Manager and will not approve each investment and financing
decision made by our Manager unless required by our investment guidelines.
Our
Manager is authorized to follow very broad investment guidelines established by our board of directors. Our board of directors
will periodically review our investment guidelines and our portfolio of assets but will not, and will not be required to, review
all of our proposed investments, except in limited circumstances as set forth in our investment policies. In addition, in conducting
periodic reviews, our board of directors may rely primarily on information provided to them by our Manager. Furthermore, transactions
entered into by our Manager may be costly, difficult or impossible to unwind by the time they are reviewed by our board of directors.
Our board of directors is currently controlled by affiliates of our Manager. Our Manager has great latitude within the broad parameters
of our investment guidelines in determining the types and amounts of assets in which to invest on our behalf, including making
investments that may result in returns that are substantially below expectations or result in losses, which would materially and
adversely affect our business and results of operations, or may otherwise not be in the best interests of our stockholders.
Our
Manager may fail to identify acceptable Investments.
There
can be no assurances that our Manager will be able to identify, make or acquire suitable Investments meeting our investment criteria.
There is no guarantee that any Investment selected by our Manager will generate operating income or gains. While affiliates of
our Manager have been successful in the past in identifying and structuring favorable real estate investments, there is no guarantee
that our Manager will be able to identify and structure favorable Investments in the future.
Risks Related to the
Real Estate Industry and Investments in Real Estate
Our
real estate investments are subject to risks particular to real property.
Real
estate investments are subject to risks particular to real property, including:
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adverse changes in national and local economic and market conditions, including the credit and
securitization markets;
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changes in governmental laws and regulations, fiscal policies and zoning ordinances and the related
costs of compliance with laws and regulations, fiscal policies and ordinances;
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takings by condemnation or eminent domain;
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real estate conditions, such as an oversupply of or a reduction in demand for real estate space
in the area;
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the perceptions of tenants and prospective tenants of the convenience, attractiveness and safety
of our properties;
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competition from comparable properties;
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the occupancy rate of our properties;
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the ability to collect all rent from tenants on a timely basis;
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the effects of any bankruptcies or insolvencies of major tenants;
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the expense of re-leasing space;
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changes in interest rates and in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funding;
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the impact of present or future environmental legislation and compliance with environmental laws;
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acts of war or terrorism, including the consequences of terrorist attacks;
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acts of God, including earthquakes, floods and other natural disasters, which may result in uninsured
losses;
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the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; and
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cost of compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act.
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If
any of these or similar events occur, it may reduce our return from an affected property or investment and reduce or eliminate
our ability to make distributions to stockholders.
Real
estate investments are not as liquid as other types of assets, which may reduce economic returns to our stockholders.
Real
estate investments are not as liquid as other types of investments. In addition, the instruments that we purchase in connection
with privately negotiated transactions are not registered under the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against
their transfer, sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of,
or is otherwise in accordance with, those laws. As a result, our ability to sell under-performing assets in our portfolio or respond
to changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited.
Investments
in real estate-related assets can be speculative.
Investments
in real estate-related assets can involve speculative risks and always involve substantial risks. No assurance can be given that
our Manager will be able to execute the investment strategy or that stockholders in our company will realize their investment objectives.
No assurance can be given that our stockholders will realize a substantial return (if any) on their investment or that they will
not lose their entire investment in our company. For this reason, each prospective purchaser of shares of our common stock should
carefully read this prospectus and all exhibits to this prospectus. All such persons or entities should consult with their attorney
or business advisor prior to making an investment.
Our
Investments may be concentrated.
We
expect to diversify our Investments, and do not expect to concentrate on any single Investment. However, our investments may nonetheless
result in significant concentration in a single Investment, especially in our early stages of operation. If such an Investment
experienced a material adverse event, our company and our stockholders would likely be significantly and adversely affected.
Liability
relating to environmental matters may impact the value of the properties that we may acquire or underlying our investments.
Under
various U.S. federal, state and local laws, an owner or operator of real property may become liable for the costs of removal of
certain hazardous substances released on its property. These laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or
operator knew of, or was responsible for, the release of such hazardous substances. If we fail to disclose environmental issues,
we could also be liable to a buyer or lessee of a property.
There
may be environmental problems associated with our properties which we were unaware of at the time of acquisition. The presence
of hazardous substances may adversely affect our ability to sell real estate, including the affected property, or borrow using
real estate as collateral. The presence of hazardous substances, if any, on our properties may cause us to incur substantial remediation
costs, thus harming our financial condition. In addition, although our leases will generally require our tenants to operate in
compliance with all applicable laws and to indemnify us against any environmental liabilities arising from a tenant’s activities
on the property, we nonetheless would be subject to strict liability by virtue of our ownership interest for environmental liabilities
created by such tenants, and we cannot ensure the stockholders that any tenants we might have would satisfy their indemnification
obligations under the applicable sales agreement or lease. The discovery of material environmental liabilities attached to such
properties could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition and our ability to make distributions
to our stockholders.
Discovery
of previously undetected environmentally hazardous conditions, including mold or asbestos, may lead to liability for adverse health
effects and costs of remediating the problem could adversely affect our operating results.
Under
various U.S. federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator
of real property may be liable for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in such
property. The costs of removal or remediation could be substantial. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner
or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. Environmental laws also may
impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and these restrictions may
require substantial expenditures. Environmental laws provide for sanctions in the event of noncompliance and may be enforced
by governmental agencies or, in certain circumstances, by private parties. Certain environmental laws and common law
principles could be used to impose liability for release of and exposure to hazardous substances, including
asbestos-containing materials into the air, and third parties may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties
for personal injury or property damage associated with exposure to released hazardous substances. The cost of defending
against claims of liability, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements, of remediating any contaminated
property, or of paying personal injury claims related to any contaminated property could materially adversely affect our
business, assets or results of operations and, consequently, amounts available for distribution to our security holders.
We
may invest in real estate-related Investments, including joint ventures and co-investment arrangements.
We
expect to primarily invest in properties as sole owner. However, we may, in our Manager's sole discretion subject to our investment
guidelines, invest as a joint venture partner or co-investor in an Investment. In such event, we generally anticipate owning a
controlling interest in the joint venture or co-investment vehicle. However, our joint venture partner or co-investor may have
a consent or similar right with respect to certain major decisions with respect to an Investment, including a refinancing, sale
or other disposition. Additionally, we may rely on our joint venture partner or co-investor to act as the property manager or developer,
and, thus, our returns will be subject to the performance of our joint venture partner or co-investor. While our Manager does not
intend for these types of Investments to be a primary focus of our company, our Manager may make such Investments in its sole discretion.
We
expect to lease a significant portion of our real estate to middle-market businesses, which may be more susceptible to adverse
market conditions.
We
expect that a substantial number of our properties will be leased to middle-market businesses that generally have less financial
and other resources than larger businesses. Middle-market companies are more likely to be adversely affected by a downturn in their
respective businesses or in the regional, national or international economy. As such, negative market conditions affecting existing
or potential middle-market tenants, or the industries in which they operate, could materially adversely affect our financial condition
and results of operations.
Adverse
economic conditions may negatively affect our results of operations and, as a result, our ability to make distributions to our
stockholders or to realize appreciation in the value of our Investments.
Our
operating results may be adversely affected by market and economic challenges, which may negatively affect our returns and profitability
and, as a result, our ability to make distributions to our stockholders or to realize appreciation in the value of our Investments.
These market and economic challenges include, but are not limited to, the following:
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any future downturn in the U.S. economy and the related reduction in spending, reduced home prices
and high unemployment could result in tenant defaults under leases, vacancies at our office, industrial, retail or multifamily
properties, and concessions or reduced rental rates under new leases due to reduced demand;
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the rate of household formation or population growth in our target markets or a continued or exacerbated
economic slow-down experienced by the local economies where our properties are located or by the real estate industry generally
may result in changes in supply of or demand for apartment units in our target markets; and
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the failure of the real estate market to attract the same level of capital investment in the future
that it attracts at the time of our purchases or a reduction in the number of companies seeking to acquire properties may result
in the value of our investments not appreciating or decreasing significantly below the amount we pay for these investments.
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length and severity of any economic slow-down or downturn cannot be predicted. Our operations and, as a result, our ability to
make distributions to our stockholders and/or our ability to realize appreciation in the value of our properties could be materially
and adversely affected to the extent that an economic slow-down or downturn is prolonged or becomes severe.
We
may be adversely affected by unfavorable economic changes in the specific geographic areas where our Investments are concentrated.
Adverse
conditions (including business layoffs or downsizing, industry slowdowns, changing demographics and other factors) in the areas
where our Investments are located and/or concentrated, and local real estate conditions (such as oversupply of, or reduced demand
for, office, industrial, retail or multifamily properties) may have an adverse effect on the value of our Investments. A material
decline in the demand or the ability of tenants to pay rent for office, industrial or retail space in these geographic areas may
result in a material decline in our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We may not be able to re-lease or renew
leases at the Investments held by us on terms favorable to us or at all.
We
are subject to risks that upon expiration or earlier termination of the leases for space located at our Investments the space may
not be re-leased or, if re-leased, the terms of the renewal or re-leasing (including the costs of required renovations or concessions
to tenants) may be less favorable than current lease terms. Any of these situations may result in extended periods where there
is a significant decline in revenues or no revenues generated by an Investment. If we are unable to re-lease or renew leases for
all or substantially all of the spaces at these Investments, if the rental rates upon such renewal or re-leasing are significantly
lower than expected, if our reserves for these purposes prove inadequate, or if we are required to make significant renovations
or concessions to tenants as part of the renewal or re-leasing process, we will experience a reduction in net income and may be
required to reduce or eliminate distributions to our stockholders.
The
bankruptcy, insolvency or diminished creditworthiness of our tenants under their leases or delays by our tenants in making rental
payments could seriously harm our operating results and financial condition.
We
lease our properties to tenants, and we receive rents from our tenants during the terms of their respective leases. A tenant’s
ability to pay rent is often initially determined by the creditworthiness of the tenant. However, if a tenant’s credit deteriorates,
the tenant may default on its obligations under its lease and the tenant may also become bankrupt. The bankruptcy or insolvency
of our tenants or other failure to pay is likely to adversely affect the income produced by our real estate investments. Any bankruptcy
filings by or relating to one of our tenants could bar us from collecting pre-bankruptcy debts from that tenant or its property,
unless we receive an order permitting us to do so from the bankruptcy court. A tenant bankruptcy could delay our efforts to collect
past due balances under the relevant leases and could ultimately preclude full collection of these sums. If a tenant files for
bankruptcy, we may not be able to evict the tenant solely because of such bankruptcy or failure to pay. A court, however, may authorize
a tenant to reject and terminate its lease with us. In such a case, our claim against the tenant for unpaid, future rent would
be subject to a statutory cap that might be substantially less than the remaining rent owed under the lease. In addition, certain
amounts paid to us within 90 days prior to the tenant’s bankruptcy filing could be required to be returned to the tenant’s
bankruptcy estate. In any event, it is highly unlikely that a bankrupt or insolvent tenant would pay in full amounts it owes us
under its lease. In other circumstances, where a tenant’s financial condition has become impaired, we may agree to partially
or wholly terminate the lease in advance of the termination date in consideration for a lease termination fee that is likely less
than the agreed rental amount. If a lease is rejected by a tenant in bankruptcy, we would have only a general unsecured claim for
damages. Any unsecured claim we hold against a bankrupt entity may be paid only to the extent that funds are available and only
in the same percentage as is paid to all other holders of unsecured claims. We may recover substantially less than the full value
of any unsecured claims, which would harm our financial condition.
Lease
defaults or terminations or landlord-tenant disputes may adversely reduce our income from our leased property portfolio.
Lease
defaults or terminations by one or more of our significant tenants may reduce our revenues unless a default is cured or a suitable
replacement tenant is found promptly. In addition, disputes may arise between the landlord and tenant that result in the tenant
withholding rent payments, possibly for an extended period. These disputes may lead to litigation or other legal procedures to
secure payment of the rent withheld or to evict the tenant. In other circumstances, a tenant may have a contractual right to abate
or suspend rent payments. Even without such right, a tenant might determine to do so. Any of these situations may result in extended
periods during which there is a significant decline in revenues or no revenues generated by the property. If this were to occur,
it could adversely affect our results of operations.
Net
leases may require us to pay property-related expenses that are not the obligations of our tenants.
Under
the terms of net leases, in addition to satisfying their rent obligations, tenants are responsible for the payment of real estate
taxes, insurance and ordinary maintenance and repairs. However, pursuant to leases we may assume or enter into in the future, we
may be required to pay certain expenses, such as the costs of environmental liabilities, roof and structural repairs, insurance,
certain non-structural repairs and maintenance and other costs and expenses for which insurance proceeds or other means of recovery
are not available. If one or more of our properties incur significant expenses under the terms of the leases, such property, our
business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected and the amount of cash available to meet expenses
and to make distributions to our stockholders may be reduced.
Net
leases may not result in fair market lease rates over time, which could negatively impact our income and reduce the amount of funds
available to make distributions to our stockholders.
A significant
portion of our rental income is expected to come from net leases, which generally provide the tenant greater discretion in using
the leased property than ordinary property leases, such as the right to freely sublease the property, to make alterations in the
leased premises and to terminate the lease prior to its expiration under specified circumstances. Furthermore, net leases typically
have longer lease terms and, thus, there is an increased risk that contractual rental increases in future years will fail to result
in fair market rental rates during those years. As a result, our income and distributions to our stockholders could be lower than
they would otherwise be if we did not engage in net leases.
We
could be adversely affected by various facts and events related to our Investments over which we have limited or no control.
We
could be adversely affected by various facts and events over which we have limited or no control, such as (i) oversupply of
space and changes in market rental rates; (ii) economic or physical decline of the areas where the Investments are located;
and (iii) deterioration of the physical condition of our Investments. Negative market conditions or adverse events affecting
our existing or potential tenants, or the industries in which they operate, could have an adverse impact on our ability to attract
new tenants, re-lease space, collect rent or renew leases, any of which could adversely affect our financial condition.
We
may be required to reimburse tenants for overpayments of estimated operating expenses.
Under
certain of our leases, tenants pay us as additional rent their proportionate share of the costs we incur to manage, operate and
maintain the buildings and properties where they rent space. These leases often limit the types and amounts of expenses we can
pass through to our tenants and allow the tenants to audit and contest our determination of the operating expenses they are required
to pay. Given the complexity of certain additional rent calculations, tenant audit rights under large portfolio leases can remain
unresolved for several years. If as a result of a tenant audit it is determined that we have collected more additional rent than
we are permitted to collect under a lease, we must refund the excess amount back to the tenant and, sometimes, also reimburse the
tenant for its audit costs. Such unexpected reimbursement payments could materially adversely affect our financial condition and
results of operations.
An
uninsured loss or a loss that exceeds the policies on our Investments could subject us to lost capital or revenue on those properties.
Under
the terms and conditions of the leases expected to be in force on our Investments, tenants are generally expected to be required
to indemnify and hold us harmless from liabilities resulting from injury to persons, air, water, land or property, on or off the
premises, due to activities conducted on the Investments, except for claims arising from the negligence or intentional misconduct
of us or our agents. Additionally, tenants are generally expected to be required, at the tenants’ expense, to obtain and
keep in full force during the term of the lease, liability and property damage insurance policies. Insurance policies for property
damage are generally expected to be in amounts not less than the full replacement cost of the improvements less slab, foundations,
supports and other customarily excluded improvements and insure against all perils of fire, extended coverage, vandalism, malicious
mischief and special extended perils (“all risk,” as that term is used in the insurance industry). Insurance policies
are generally expected to be obtained by the tenant providing general liability coverage in varying amounts depending on the facts
and circumstances surrounding the tenant and the industry in which it operates. These policies may include liability coverage for
bodily injury and property damage arising out of the ownership, use, occupancy or maintenance of the properties and all of their
appurtenant areas. To the extent that losses are uninsured or underinsured, we could be subject to lost capital and revenue on
those Investments.
Acquired
Investments may not meet projected occupancy.
If
the tenants in an Investment do not renew or extend their leases or if tenants terminate their leases, the operating results of
the Investment could be substantially and adversely affected by the loss of revenue and possible increase in operating expenses
not reimbursed by the tenants. There can be no assurance that the Investments will be substantially occupied at projected rents.
We will anticipate a minimum occupancy rate for each Investment, but there can be no assurance that the Investments will maintain
the minimum occupancy rate or meet our anticipated lease-up schedule. In addition, lease-up of the unoccupied space may be achievable
only at rental rates less than those we anticipate.
We
could be exposed to environmental liabilities with respect to Investments to which we take title.
In
the course of our business, and taking title to properties, we could be subject to environmental liabilities with respect to such
properties. In such a circumstance, we may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage, personal
injury, investigation and clean-up costs incurred by these parties in connection with environmental contamination, or we may be
required to investigate or clean up hazardous or toxic substances or chemical releases at a property. The costs associated with
investigation or remediation activities could be substantial. If we become subject to significant environmental liabilities, our
business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Properties
may contain toxic and hazardous materials.
Federal,
state and local laws impose liability on a landowner for releases or the otherwise improper presence on the premises of hazardous
substances. This liability is without regard to fault for, or knowledge of, the presence of such substances. A landowner may be
held liable for hazardous materials brought onto the property before it acquired title and for hazardous materials that are not
discovered until after it sells the property. Similar liability may occur under applicable state law. If any hazardous materials
are found within an Investment that are in violation of law at any time, we may be liable for all cleanup costs, fines, penalties
and other costs. This potential liability will continue after we sell the Investment and may apply to hazardous materials present
within the Investment before we acquired such Investment. If losses arise from hazardous substance contamination which cannot be
recovered from a responsible party, the financial viability of that property may be substantially affected. It is possible that
we will acquire an Investment with known or unknown environmental problems which may adversely affect us.
Properties
may contain mold.
Mold
contamination has been linked to a number of health problems, resulting in recent litigation by tenants seeking various remedies,
including damages and ability to terminate their leases. Originally occurring in residential property, mold claims have recently
begun to appear in commercial properties as well. Several insurance companies have reported a substantial increase in mold-related
claims, causing a growing concern that real estate owners might be subject to increasing lawsuits regarding mold contamination.
No assurance can be given that a mold condition will not exist at one or more of our Investments, with the risk of substantial
damages, legal fees and possibly loss of tenants. It is unclear whether such mold claims would be covered by the customary insurance
policies to be obtained for us.
Significant
restrictions on transfer and encumbrance of Investments are expected.
The
terms of any debt financing for an Investment are expected to prohibit the transfer or further encumbrance of that Investment or
any interest in that Investment except with the lender’s prior consent, which consent each lender is expected to be able
to withhold. The relative illiquidity of the Investments may prevent or substantially impair our ability to dispose of an Investment
at times when it may be otherwise advantageous for us to do so. If we were forced to immediately liquidate some or all of our Investments,
the proceeds are likely to result in a significant loss, if such a liquidation is possible at all.
We
will likely receive limited representations and warranties from sellers.
Investments
will likely be acquired with limited representations and warranties from the seller regarding the condition of the Investment,
the status of leases, the presence of hazardous substances, the status of governmental approvals and entitlements and other significant
matters affecting the use, ownership and enjoyment of the Investment. As a result, if defects in an Investment or other matters
adversely affecting an Investment are discovered, we may not be able to pursue a claim for damages against the seller of the Investment.
The extent of damages that we may incur as a result of such matters cannot be predicted, but potentially could result in a significant
adverse effect on the value of the Investments.
We
may be subject to the risk of liability and casualty loss as the owner of an Investment.
It
is expected that our Manager will maintain or cause to be maintained insurance against certain liabilities and other losses for
an Investment, but the insurance obtained will not cover all amounts or types of loss. There is no assurance that any liability
that may occur will be insured or that, if insured, the insurance proceeds will be sufficient to cover the loss. There are certain
categories of loss that may be or may become uninsurable or not economically insurable, such as earthquakes, floods and hazardous
waste.
Further,
if losses arise from hazardous substance contamination that cannot be recovered from a responsible party, the financial viability
of the affected Investment may be substantially impaired. It is expected that lenders will require a Phase I environmental site
assessment to determine the existence of hazardous materials and other environmental problems prior to making a Loan secured by
an Investment. However, a Phase I environmental site assessment generally does not involve invasive testing, but instead is limited
to a physical walk through or inspection of an Investment and a review of governmental records. It is possible that we will acquire
an Investment with known or unknown environmental problems that may adversely affect our Investments.
Risks Related to Our
Taxation as a REIT
Our
failure to qualify as a REIT would result in higher taxes and reduced cash available for stockholders.
We
intend to continue to operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our initial and continued
qualification as a REIT depends on our satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational, distribution and stockholder ownership
requirements on a continuing basis. Our ability to satisfy some of the asset tests depends upon the fair market values of our assets,
some of which are not able to be precisely determined and for which we will not obtain independent appraisals. If we were to fail
to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, and certain statutory relief provisions were not available, we would be subject to U.S.
federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate rates, and distributions to stockholders would not be deductible
by us in computing our taxable income. Any such corporate tax liability could be substantial and would reduce the amount of cash
available for distribution. Unless entitled to relief under certain Internal Revenue Code provisions, we also would be disqualified
from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we ceased to qualify as a REIT. In addition,
if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will no longer be required to make distributions. As a result of all these factors, our failure
to qualify as a REIT could impair our ability to expand our business and raise capital, and it would adversely affect the value
of our common stock.
REIT
distribution requirements could adversely affect our liquidity.
In
order to maintain our REIT status and to meet the REIT distribution requirements, we may need to borrow funds on a short-term basis
or sell assets, even if the then-prevailing market conditions are not favorable for these borrowings or sales. To qualify as a
REIT, we generally must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our net taxable income each year, excluding capital gains.
In addition, we will be subject to corporate income tax to the extent we distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income including
any net capital gain. We intend to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue
Code for REITs and to minimize or eliminate our corporate income tax obligation to the extent consistent with our business objectives.
Our cash flows from operations may be insufficient to fund required distributions as a result of differences in timing between
the actual receipt of income and the recognition of income for federal income tax purposes, or the effect of non-deductible capital
expenditures, the creation of reserves or required debt service or amortization payments. The insufficiency of our cash flows to
cover our distribution requirements could have an adverse impact on our ability to raise short- and long-term debt or sell equity
securities in order to fund distributions required to maintain our REIT status. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible
excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions paid by us in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary
income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years.
Further,
amounts distributed will not be available to fund investment activities. We expect to fund our investments by raising equity capital
and through borrowings from financial institutions and the debt capital markets. If we fail to obtain debt or equity capital in
the future, it could limit our ability to grow, which could have a material adverse effect on the value of our common stock.
The
stock ownership limit imposed by the Code for REITs and our charter may inhibit market activity in our stock and may restrict our
business combination opportunities.
In
order for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding
stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include certain
entities) at any time during the last half of each taxable year. Additionally, at least 100 persons must beneficially own our capital
stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year for each taxable year. Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors
to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted by our board of directors,
no person may own more than 9.8% of the aggregate value of the outstanding shares of our stock or more than 9.8% in value or in
number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Our board of directors may not
grant such an exemption to any proposed transferee whose ownership in excess of 9.8% of the value of our outstanding shares or
more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock, would
result in the termination of our status as a REIT. These ownership limits could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in our
control that might be in the best interest of our stockholders.
Upon
the closing of our IPO, our board of directors exempted the Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program, or
the Virginia Birth Injury Program, from the 9.8% ownership limit. In connection with that exemption, our board of directors set
the Virginia Birth Injury Program’s ownership limit at 32.95% of our issued and outstanding common stock. As of November 4,
2020, our top five stockholders, by share ownership, beneficially own 34.81% of our issued and outstanding
common stock. If any of these stockholders increase their holdings, we may go over the 50% threshold which could result in our
failure to qualify or preserve our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. If this were to occur, your investment would
be negatively affected.
Dividends
payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available for some dividends.
The
maximum tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” payable to U.S. stockholders that are taxed at individual
rates is 20% (exclusive of the application of the net investment tax). Dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible
for the reduced rates on qualified dividend income. The more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified dividends
could cause investors who are taxed at individual rates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than
investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the shares of
REITs, including our common stock.
The
prohibited transactions tax may subject us to tax on our gain from sales of property and limit our ability to dispose of our properties.
A REIT’s
net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions
of property other than foreclosure property, held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. Although
we intend to acquire and hold all of our assets as investments and not for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business,
the IRS may assert that we are subject to the prohibited transaction tax equal to 100% of net gain upon a disposition of real property.
Although a safe harbor to the characterization of the sale of real property by a REIT as a prohibited transaction is available,
not all of our prior property dispositions qualified for the safe harbor and we cannot assure you that we can comply with the safe
harbor in the future or that we have avoided, or will avoid, owning property that may be characterized as held primarily for sale
to customers in the ordinary course of business. Consequently, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of our properties or
may conduct such sales through a TRS, which would be subject to federal and state income taxation. Additionally, in the event that
we engage in sales of our properties, any gains from the sales of properties classified as prohibited transactions would be taxed
at the 100% prohibited transaction tax rate.
We
may be unable to generate sufficient revenue from operations, operating cash flow or portfolio income to pay our operating expenses,
and our operating expenses could rise, diminishing our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
As
a REIT, we are generally required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends
paid deduction and not including net capital gains, each year to our stockholders. To qualify for the tax benefits accorded to
REITs, we have and intend to continue to make distributions to our stockholders in amounts such that we distribute all or substantially
all our net taxable income each year, subject to certain adjustments. However, our ability to make distributions may be adversely
affected by the risk factors described herein. Our ability to make and sustain cash distributions is based on many factors, including
the return on our investments, the size of our investment portfolio, operating expense levels, and certain restrictions imposed
by Maryland law. Some of the factors are beyond our control and a change in any such factor could affect our ability to pay future
dividends. No assurance can be given as to our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. In the event of a downturn in
our operating results and financial performance or unanticipated declines in the value of our asset portfolio, we may be unable
to declare or pay quarterly distributions or make distributions to our stockholders. The timing and amount of distributions are
in the sole discretion of our board of directors, which considers, among other factors, our earnings, financial condition, debt
service obligations and applicable debt covenants, REIT qualification requirements and other tax considerations and capital expenditure
requirements as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time.
Although
our use of TRSs may partially mitigate the impact of meeting the requirements necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT,
our ownership of and relationship with our TRSs will be limited, and a failure to comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT
qualification and may result in the application of a 100% excise tax.
A REIT
may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more TRSs. A TRS generally may hold assets and earn income that would not be qualifying
assets or income if held or earned directly by a REIT. Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary
as a TRS. A corporation of which a TRS directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of the stock will
automatically be treated as a TRS. Overall, no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities
of one or more TRSs. In addition, the TRS rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent
REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The rules also impose a 100% excise
tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis.
Any
TRSs that we own will pay U.S. federal, state and local income tax on their taxable income, and their after-tax net income will
be available for distribution to us but will not be required to be distributed to us. We will monitor the value of our investments
in TRSs for the purpose of ensuring compliance with the rule that no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s assets may
consist of TRS securities (which is applied at the end of each calendar quarter). In addition, we will scrutinize all of our transactions
with any TRSs for the purpose of ensuring that they are entered into on arm’s-length terms in order to avoid incurring the
100% excise tax described above. The value of the securities that we hold in TRSs may not be subject to precise valuation. Accordingly,
there can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the 20% REIT subsidiaries limitation or to avoid application of the
100% excise tax.
In
connection with the acquisition of the Greensboro Hampton Inn, we created MDR Greensboro HI TRS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company and a TRS jointly owned with PMI Greensboro, or the Greensboro TRS. Also in connection with the acquisition of the Clemson
Best Western Property, we created MDR Clemson TRS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Clemson TRS. While we believe
our ownership of the Greensboro TRS or Clemson TRS will not affect our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes,
your investment in our company would be materially affected if we do not qualify and maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal
income tax purposes as the result of our ownership of the Greensboro TRS, Clemson TRS or otherwise.
We
may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could reduce the market price of our common stock.
At
any time, the U.S. federal income tax laws governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended.
We cannot predict when or if any new U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment
to any existing U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become
effective and any such law, regulation, or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely
affected by any such change in the U.S. federal income tax laws, regulations or administrative interpretations.
If
our operating partnership failed to qualify as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, we would cease to qualify as a REIT
and suffer other adverse consequences.
We
believe that our operating partnership will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As a partnership, our
operating partnership will not be subject to federal income tax on its income. Instead, each of its partners, including us, will
be allocated, and may be required to pay tax with respect to, its share of our operating partnership’s income. We cannot
assure you, however, that the IRS will not challenge the status of our operating partnership or any other subsidiary partnership
in which we own an interest as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, or that a court would not sustain such a challenge.
If the IRS were successful in treating our operating partnership or any such other subsidiary partnership as an entity taxable
as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, we would fail to meet the gross income tests and certain of the asset tests applicable
to REITs and, accordingly, we would likely cease to qualify as a REIT. Also, the failure of our operating partnership or any subsidiary
partnerships to qualify as a partnership could cause it to become subject to federal and state corporate income tax, which would
reduce significantly the amount of cash available for debt service and for distribution to its partners, including us.
Risks Related to Conflicts
of Interest
The
Management Agreement with our Manager was not negotiated on an arm’s-length basis and may not be as favorable to us as if
it had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party.
Our
executive officers, including a majority of our current directors, are executives of our Manager. The Management Agreement was
negotiated between related parties and its terms, including fees payable to our Manager, may not be as favorable to us as if it
had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party. In addition, we may choose not to enforce, or to enforce less vigorously,
our rights under the Management Agreement because of our desire to maintain our ongoing relationship with Medalist and its affiliates.
We
may have conflicts of interest with our Manager and its affiliates, which could result in investment decisions that are not in
the best interests of our stockholders.
There
are numerous conflicts of interest between our interests and the interests of our Manager, the Medalist companies and their respective
affiliates, including conflicts arising out of allocation of personnel to our activities, allocation of investment opportunities
between us and investment vehicles affiliated with our Manager, purchase or sale of properties, including from affiliates of our
Manager and fee arrangements with our Manager that might induce our Manager to make investment decisions that are not in our best
interests. Examples of these potential conflicts of interest include:
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Competition for the time and services of personnel that work for us and our affiliates;
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Compensation payable by us to our Manager and its affiliates for their various services, which
may not be on market terms and is payable, in some cases, whether or not our stockholders receive distributions;
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The possibility that our Manager, its officers and their respective affiliates will face conflicts
of interest relating to the purchase and leasing of properties, and that such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor, thus
potentially limiting our investment opportunities, impairing our ability to make distributions and adversely affecting the trading
price of our stock;
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The possibility that if we acquire properties from Medalist or its affiliates, the price may be
higher than we would pay if the transaction were the result of arm’s-length negotiations with a third party;
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The possibility that our Manager will face conflicts of interest caused by its indirect ownership
by Medalist, some of whose officers are also our officers and two of whom are directors of ours, resulting in actions that may
not be in the long-term best interests of our stockholders;
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Our Manager has considerable discretion with respect to the terms and timing of our acquisition,
disposition and leasing transactions;
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The possibility that we may acquire or merge with our Manager, resulting in an internalization
of our management functions; and
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The possibility that the competing demands for the time of our Manager, its affiliates and our
officers may result in them spending insufficient time on our business, which may result in our missing investment opportunities
or having less efficient operations, which could reduce our profitability and result in lower distributions to you.
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Any
of these and other conflicts of interest between us and our Manager could have a material adverse effect on the returns on our
investments, our ability to make distributions to stockholders and the trading price of our stock.
Our
executive officers have interests that may conflict with the interests of stockholders.
Our
executive officers are also affiliated with or are executive and/or senior officers of our Manager, and its affiliates. These individuals
may have personal and professional interests that conflict with the interests of our stockholders with respect to business decisions
affecting us and our operating partnership. As a result, the effect of these conflicts of interest on these individuals may influence
their decisions affecting the negotiation and consummation of the transactions whereby we acquire Investments in the future from
affiliates of our Manager, or in the allocation of investment opportunities to us by our Manager.
Risks Associated with
Debt Financing
We
have used and may continue to use mortgage and other debt financing to acquire properties or interests in properties and otherwise
incur other indebtedness, which increases our expenses and could subject us to the risk of losing properties in foreclosure if
our cash flow is insufficient to make loan payments.
We
are permitted to acquire real properties and other real estate-related investments, including entity acquisitions, by assuming
either existing financing secured by the asset or by borrowing new funds. In addition, we may incur or increase our mortgage debt
by obtaining loans secured by some or all of our assets to obtain funds to acquire additional investments or to pay distributions
to our stockholders. We also may borrow funds, if necessary, to satisfy the requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our
annual “REIT taxable income,” or otherwise as is necessary or advisable to assure that we maintain our qualification
as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
There
is no limit on the amount we may invest in any single property or other asset or on the amount we can borrow to purchase any individual
property or other investment. If we mortgage a property and have insufficient cash flow to service the debt, we risk an event of
default which may result in our lenders foreclosing on the properties securing the mortgage.
If
we cannot repay or refinance loans incurred to purchase our properties, or interests therein, then we may lose our interests in
the properties secured by the loans we are unable to repay or refinance.
High
levels of debt or increases in interest rates could increase the amount of our loan payments, which could reduce the cash available
for distribution to stockholders.
Our
policies do not limit us from incurring debt. For purposes of calculating our leverage, we assume full consolidation of all of
our real estate investments, whether or not they would be consolidated under GAAP, include assets we have classified as held for
sale, and include any joint venture level indebtedness in our total indebtedness.
High
debt levels will cause us to incur higher interest charges, resulting in higher debt service payments, and may be accompanied by
restrictive covenants. Interest we pay reduces cash available for distribution to stockholders. Additionally, with respect to our
variable rate debt, increases in interest rates increase our interest costs, which reduces our cash flow and our ability to make
distributions to you. In addition, if we need to repay existing debt during periods of rising interest rates, we could be required
to liquidate one or more of our investments in properties at times which may not permit realization of the maximum return on such
investments and could result in a loss. In addition, if we are unable to service our debt payments, our lenders may foreclose on
our interests in the real property that secures the loans we have entered into.
High
mortgage rates may make it difficult for us to finance or refinance properties, which could reduce the number of properties we
can acquire, our cash flow from operations and the amount of cash distributions we can make.
To
qualify as a REIT, we will be required to distribute at least 90% of our annual taxable income (excluding net capital gains) to
our stockholders in each taxable year, and thus our ability to retain internally generated cash is limited. Accordingly, our ability
to acquire properties or to make capital improvements to or remodel properties will depend on our ability to obtain debt or equity
financing from third parties or the sellers of properties. If mortgage debt is unavailable at reasonable rates, we may not be able
to finance the purchase of properties. If we place mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance the
properties when the debt becomes due or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. If interest rates are higher when we refinance
the properties, our income could be reduced. We may be unable to refinance properties. If any of these events occurs, our cash
flow would be reduced. This, in turn, would reduce cash available for distribution to you and may hinder our ability to raise capital
by issuing more stock or borrowing more money.
Lenders
may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to make distributions
to you.
When
providing financing, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies and our ability
to incur additional debt. Loan documents we enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to further mortgage the property,
discontinue insurance coverage, or replace our Manager. These or other limitations may limit our flexibility and prevent us from
achieving our operating plans.
Our
ability to obtain financing on reasonable terms would be impacted by negative capital market conditions.
Recently,
domestic and international financial markets have experienced unusual volatility and uncertainty. Although this condition occurred
initially within the “subprime” single-family mortgage lending sector of the credit market, liquidity has tightened
in overall financial markets, including the investment grade debt and equity capital markets. Consequently, there is greater uncertainty
regarding our ability to access the credit market in order to attract financing on reasonable terms. Investment returns on our
assets and our ability to make acquisitions could be adversely affected by our inability to secure financing on reasonable terms,
if at all.
Some
of our mortgage loans may have “due on sale” provisions, which may impact the manner in which we acquire, sell and/or
finance our properties.
In
purchasing properties subject to financing, we may obtain financing with “due-on-sale” and/or “due-on-encumbrance”
clauses. Due-on-sale clauses in mortgages allow a mortgage lender to demand full repayment of the mortgage loan if the borrower
sells the mortgaged property. Similarly, due-on-encumbrance clauses allow a mortgage lender to demand full repayment if the borrower
uses the real estate securing the mortgage loan as security for another loan. In such event, we may be required to sell our properties
on an all-cash basis, which may make it more difficult to sell the property or reduce the selling price.
Lenders
may be able to recover against our other Investments under our mortgage loans.
In
financing our acquisitions, we will seek to obtain secured nonrecourse loans. However, only recourse financing may be available,
in which event, in addition to the Investment securing the loan, the lender would have the ability to look to our other assets
for satisfaction of the debt if the proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the Investment securing the loan are insufficient
to fully repay it. Also, in order to facilitate the sale of an Investment, we may allow the buyer to purchase the Investment subject
to an existing loan whereby we remain responsible for the debt.
If
we are required to make payments under any “bad boy” carve-out guaranties that we may provide in connection with certain
mortgages and related loans, our business and financial results could be materially adversely affected.
In
obtaining certain nonrecourse loans, we may provide standard carve-out guaranties. These guaranties are only applicable if and
when the borrower directly, or indirectly through agreement with an affiliate, joint venture partner or other third party, voluntarily
files a bankruptcy or similar liquidation or reorganization action or takes other actions that are fraudulent or improper (commonly
referred to as “bad boy” guaranties). Although we believe that “bad boy” carve-out guaranties are not guaranties
of payment in the event of foreclosure or other actions of the foreclosing lender that are beyond the borrower’s control,
some lenders in the real estate industry have recently sought to make claims for payment under such guaranties. In the event such
a claim were made against us under a “bad boy” carve-out guaranty following foreclosure on mortgages or related loan,
and such claim were successful, our business and financial results could be materially adversely affected.
Interest-only
indebtedness may increase our risk of default and ultimately may reduce our funds available for distribution to our stockholders.
We
may finance our property acquisitions using interest-only mortgage indebtedness. During the interest-only period, the amount of
each scheduled payment will be less than that of a traditional amortizing mortgage loan. The principal balance of the mortgage
loan will not be reduced (except in the case of prepayments) because there are no scheduled monthly payments of principal during
this period. After the interest-only period, we will be required either to make scheduled payments of amortized principal and interest
or to make a lump-sum or “balloon” payment at maturity. These required principal or balloon payments will increase
the amount of our scheduled payments and may increase our risk of default under the related mortgage loan. If the mortgage loan
has an adjustable interest rate, the amount of our scheduled payments also may increase at a time of rising interest rates. Increased
payments and substantial principal or balloon maturity payments will reduce the funds available for distribution to our stockholders
because cash otherwise available for distribution will be required to pay principal and interest associated with these mortgage
loans.
We
may enter into derivative or hedging contracts that could expose us to contingent liabilities and certain risks and costs in the
future.
Part of
our investment strategy may involve entering into derivative or hedging contracts that could require us to fund cash payments in
the future under certain circumstances, such as the early termination of the derivative agreement caused by an event of default
or other early termination event, or the decision by a counterparty to request margin securities it is contractually owed under
the terms of the derivative contract. The amount due would be equal to the unrealized loss of the open swap positions with the
respective counterparty and could also include other fees and charges. These economic losses would be reflected in our financial
results of operations, and our ability to fund these obligations will depend on the liquidity of our assets and access to capital
at the time, and the need to fund these obligations could adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Further,
the cost of using derivative or hedging instruments increases as the period covered by the instrument increases and during periods
of rising and volatile interest rates. We may increase our derivative or hedging activity and thus increase our related costs during
periods when interest rates are volatile or rising and hedging costs have increased.
In
addition, hedging instruments involve risk since they often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or
its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities. Consequently, in many cases, there are no requirements
with respect to record keeping, financial responsibility or segregation of customer funds and positions. Furthermore, the enforceability
of agreements underlying derivative transactions may depend on compliance with applicable statutory and commodity and other regulatory
requirements and, depending on the identity of the counterparty, applicable international requirements. The business failure of
a hedging counterparty with whom we enter into a hedging transaction will most likely result in a default. Default by a party with
whom we enter into a hedging transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits and force us to cover our resale commitments,
if any, at the then current market price. Although generally we will seek to reserve the right to terminate our hedging positions,
it may not always be possible to dispose of or close out a hedging position without the consent of the hedging counterparty, and
we may not be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to cover our risk. We cannot be assured that a liquid secondary
market will exist for hedging instruments purchased or sold, and we may be required to maintain a position until exercise or expiration,
which could result in losses.
Complying
with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge risk effectively.
The
REIT provisions of the Code may limit our ability to hedge the risks inherent to our operations. From time to time, we may enter
into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Our hedging transactions may include entering
into interest rate swaps, caps and floors, options to purchase these items, and futures and forward contracts. Any income or gain
derived by us from transactions that hedge certain risks, such as the risk of changes in interest rates, will not be treated as
gross income for purposes of either the 75% or the 95% income test, as defined below in “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations
— Gross Income Tests,” unless specific requirements are met. Such requirements include that the hedging transaction
be properly identified within prescribed time periods and that the transaction either (1) hedges risks associated with indebtedness
issued by us that is incurred to acquire or carry real estate assets or (2) manages the risks of currency fluctuations with
respect to income or gain that qualifies under the 75% or 95% income test (or assets that generate such income). To the extent
that we do not properly identify such transactions as hedges, hedge with other types of financial instruments, or hedge other types
of indebtedness, the income from those transactions is not likely to be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the 75%- and
95%-income tests. As a result of these rules, we may have to limit the use of hedging techniques that might otherwise be advantageous,
which could result in greater risks associated with interest rate or other changes than we would otherwise incur.
Interest
rates might increase.
Based
on historical interest rates, current interest rates are low and, as a result, it is likely that the interest rates available for
future real estate loans and refinances will be higher than the current interest rates for such loans, which may have a material
and adverse impact on our company and our Investments. If there is an increase in interest rates, any debt servicing on Investments
could be significantly higher than currently anticipated, which would reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to the
stockholders. Also, rising interest rates may affect the ability of our Manager to refinance an Investment. Investments may be
less desirable to prospective purchasers in a rising interest rate environment and their values may be adversely impacted by the
reduction in cash flow due to increased interest payments.
We
may use floating rate, interest-only or short-term loans to acquire Investments.
Our
Manager has the right, in its sole discretion, to negotiate any debt financing, including obtaining (i) interest-only, (ii) floating
rate and/or (iii) short-term loans to acquire Investments. If our Manager obtains floating rate loans, the interest rate would
not be fixed but would float with an established index (probably at higher interest rates in the future). No principal would be
repaid on interest-only loans. Finally, we would be required to refinance short-term loans at the end of a relatively short period.
The credit markets have recently been in flux and are experiencing a malaise. No assurance can be given that our Manager would
be able to refinance with fixed-rate permanent loans in the future, on favorable terms or at all, to refinance the short-term loans.
In addition, no assurance can be given that the terms of such future loans to refinance the short-term loans would be favorable
to our company.
We
may use leverage to make Investments.
Our
Manager, in its sole discretion, may leverage the Investments. As a result of the use of leverage, a decrease in revenues of a
leveraged Investment may materially and adversely affect that Investment’s cash flow and, in turn, our ability to make distributions.
No assurance can be given that future cash flow of a particular Investment will be sufficient to make the debt service payments
on any borrowed funds for that Investment and also cover operating expenses. If the Investment’s revenues are insufficient
to pay debt service and operating expenses, we would be required to use net income from other Investments, working capital or reserves,
or seek additional funds. There can be no assurance that additional funds will be available, if needed, or, if such funds are available,
that they will be available on terms acceptable to us.
Leveraging
an Investment allows a lender to foreclose on that Investment.
Lenders
to an Investment, even non-recourse lenders, are expected in all instances to retain the right to foreclose on that Investment
if there is a default in the loan terms. If this were to occur, we would likely lose our entire investment in that Investment.
Lenders
may have approval rights with respect to an encumbered Investment.
A lender
to an Investment will likely have numerous other rights, which may include the right to approve any change in the property manager
for a particular Investment.
Availability
of financing and market conditions will affect the success of our company.
Market
fluctuations in real estate financing may affect the availability and cost of funds needed in the future for Investments. In addition,
credit availability has been restricted in the past and may become restricted again in the future. Restrictions upon the availability
of real estate financing or high interest rates for real estate loans could adversely affect the Investments and our ability to
execute its investment goals.
We
do not have guaranteed cash flow.
There
can be no assurance that cash flow or profits will be generated by the Investments. If the Investments do not generate the anticipated
amount of cash flow, we may not be able to pay the anticipated distributions to the stockholders without making such distributions
from the net proceeds of this offering or from reserves.
The
Debentures contain certain terms that may force the Company to experience certain liquidity events.
The
Debentures contain certain events of default that, if triggered, give the purchaser the right to make all outstanding principal
and interest on the debt immediately due and payable. In addition, if the debt is not made immediately due and payable, a stepped-up
interest rate of 15.0% begins to accrue on the debt until such events of default are accrued. Either of these events will reduce
the amount of cash available for the Company to invest. If the debt becomes immediately due and payable, then the Company may be
forced to sell assets in order to cover the liability. Each of these scenarios may reduce the value of the Company and ultimately
the value of its shares of common stock.
Risks Related to Our
Organization and Structure
A
limit on the percentage of our securities a person may own may discourage a takeover or business combination, which could prevent
our stockholders from realizing a premium price for their stock.
Our
charter restricts direct or indirect ownership by one person or entity to no more than 9.8% in value of the outstanding shares
of our capital stock or 9.8% in number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common
stock unless exempted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors. This restriction may have the effect of delaying,
deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale
of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price to our stockholders.
Our
charter permits our board of directors to issue stock with terms that may subordinate the rights of our common stockholders or
discourage a third party from acquiring us in a manner that could result in a premium price to our stockholders.
Our
board of directors may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or
the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have authority to issue and may classify or reclassify any unissued
common stock or preferred stock into other classes or series of stock and establish the preferences, conversion or other rights,
voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption
of any such stock. Our board of directors could also authorize the issuance of up to 250,000,000 shares of preferred stock with
terms and conditions that could have priority as to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation over the rights of the
holders of our common stock. Such preferred stock could also have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in
control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our
assets) that might provide a premium price to holders of our common stock.
We
will not be able to continue our business if we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company
Act.
Neither
we, nor our operating partnership, nor any of our subsidiaries intend to register as an investment company under the Investment
Company Act. We expect that our operating partnership’s and subsidiaries’ investments in real estate will represent
the substantial majority of our total asset mix, which would not subject us to the Investment Company Act. In order to maintain
an exemption from regulation under the Investment Company Act, we intend to engage, through our operating partnership and our wholly
and majority-owned subsidiaries, primarily in the business of buying real estate, and these investments must be made within a year
after this offering ends. If we are unable to invest a significant portion of the proceeds of this offering in properties within
one year of the termination of this offering, we may avoid being required to register as an investment company by temporarily investing
any unused proceeds in government securities with low returns, which would reduce the cash available for distribution to stockholders
and possibly lower your returns.
We
expect that most of our assets will be held through wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership. We
expect that most of these subsidiaries will be outside the definition of investment company under Section 3(a)(1) of
the Investment Company Act as they are generally expected to hold at least 60% of their assets in real property or in entities
that they manage or co-manage that own real property. Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment
company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading
in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged
or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes
to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S.
government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, which we refer to as the 40% test. Excluded from the term “investment
securities,” among other things, are U.S. government securities and securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that
are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth
in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. We believe that we, our operating partnership
and most of the subsidiaries of our operating partnership will not fall within either definition of investment company as we intend
to invest primarily in real property, through our wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries, the majority of which we expect to have
at least 60% of their assets in real property or in entities that they manage or co-manage that own real property. As these subsidiaries
would be investing either solely or primarily in real property, they would be outside of the definition of “investment company”
under Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act. We are organized as a holding company that conducts its businesses
primarily through the operating partnership, which in turn is a holding company conducting its business through its subsidiaries.
Both we and our operating partnership intend to conduct our operations so that they comply with the 40% test. We will monitor our
holdings to ensure continuing and ongoing compliance with this test. In addition, we believe that neither we nor the operating
partnership will be considered an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act because neither we nor
the operating partnership will engage primarily or hold itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting
or trading in securities. Rather, through the operating partnership’s wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, we and
the operating partnership will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of these subsidiaries.
In
the event that the value of investment securities held by the subsidiaries of our operating partnership were to exceed 40%, we
expect our subsidiaries to be able to rely on the exclusion from the definition of “investment company” provided by
Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act. Section 3(c)(5)(C), as interpreted by the staff of the SEC, requires
each of our subsidiaries relying on this exception to invest at least 55% of its portfolio in “mortgage and other liens on
and interests in real estate,” which we refer to as “qualifying real estate assets” and maintain at least 80%
of its assets in qualifying real estate assets or other real estate-related assets. The remaining 20% of the portfolio can consist
of miscellaneous assets. What we buy and sell is therefore limited to these criteria. How we determine to classify our assets for
purposes of the Investment Company Act will be based in large measure upon no-action letters issued by the SEC staff in the past
and other SEC interpretive guidance. These no-action positions were issued in accordance with factual situations that may be substantially
different from the factual situations we may face, and a number of these no-action positions were issued more than ten years ago.
Pursuant to this guidance, and depending on the characteristics of the specific investments, certain joint venture investments
may not constitute qualifying real estate assets and therefore investments in these types of assets may be limited. No assurance
can be given that the SEC will concur with our classification of our assets. Future revisions to the Investment Company Act or
further guidance from the SEC may cause us to lose our exclusion from registration or force us to re-evaluate our Portfolio and
our investment strategy. Such changes may prevent us from operating our business successfully.
In
the event that we, or our operating partnership, were to acquire assets that could make either entity fall within the definition
of investment company under Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act, we believe that we would still qualify for
an exclusion from registration pursuant to Section 3(c)(6). Section 3(c)(6) excludes from the definition of investment
company any company primarily engaged, directly or through majority-owned subsidiaries, in one or more of certain specified businesses.
These specified businesses include the business described in Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act.
It also excludes from the definition of investment company any company primarily engaged, directly or through majority-owned subsidiaries,
in one or more of such specified businesses from which at least 25% of such company’s gross income during its last fiscal
year is derived, together with any additional business or businesses other than investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading
in securities. Although the SEC staff has issued little interpretive guidance with respect to Section 3(c)(6), we believe
that we and our operating partnership may rely on Section 3(c)(6) if 55% of the assets of our operating partnership consist
of, and at least 55% of the income of our operating partnership is derived from, qualifying real estate assets owned by wholly-owned
or majority-owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership.
To ensure that neither
we, nor our operating partnership nor subsidiaries are required to register as an investment company, each entity may be unable
to sell assets they would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets they would otherwise wish to retain. In addition,
we, our operating company or our subsidiaries may be required to acquire additional income or loss-generating assets that we might
not otherwise acquire or forego opportunities to acquire interests in companies that we would otherwise want to acquire. Although
we, our operating partnership and our subsidiaries intend to monitor our respective portfolios periodically and prior to each acquisition
or disposition, any of these entities may not be able to maintain an exclusion from registration as an investment company. If we,
our operating partnership or our subsidiaries are required to register as an investment company but fail to do so, the unregistered
entity would be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against such entity.
In addition, the contracts of such entity would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint
a receiver to take control of the entity and liquidate its business.
For
more information on issues related to compliance with the Investment Company Act, see “Policies with Respect to Certain Activities—Policies
Relating to the Investment Company Act.”
We
may change our investment and operational policies without stockholder consent.
We
may change our investment and operational policies, including our policies with respect to investments, acquisitions, growth, operations,
indebtedness, capitalization and distributions, at any time without the consent of our stockholders, which could result in our
making investments that are different from, and possibly riskier than, the types of investments described in this filing. A change
in our investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and real estate market fluctuations, all
of which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions.
We
may in the future choose to pay dividends in our own stock, in which case you may be required to pay income taxes in excess of
the cash dividends you receive.
We
may in the future distribute taxable dividends that are payable in cash and shares of our common stock at the election of each
stockholder. Taxable stockholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividend as ordinary
income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for United States federal income tax purposes. As a result,
a U.S. stockholder may be required to pay income taxes with respect to such dividends in excess of the cash dividends received.
If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock it receives as a dividend in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the
amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the market price of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore,
with respect to non-U.S. stockholders, we may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect
of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in stock. In addition, if a significant number of our stockholders determine
to sell shares of our common stock in order to pay taxes owed on dividends, it may put downward pressure on the trading price of
our common stock.
Risks Related to this
Offering and the Ownership of Our Common Stock
Future
sales of shares of our common stock in the public market or the issuance of other equity may adversely affect the market price
of our common stock.
Sales
of a substantial number of shares of our common stock or other equity-related securities in the public market could depress the
market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We cannot
predict the effect that future sales of our common stock or other equity-related securities would have on the market price of our
common stock.
The
stock price of our common stock may be volatile or may decline regardless of our operating performance, and you may not be able
to resell your shares at or above the public offering price.
The
market price of our common stock may be volatile. In addition, the trading volume in our common stock may fluctuate and cause significant
price variations to occur. If the market price of our common stock declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your shares
at or above the public offering price. We cannot assure you that the market price of our common stock will not fluctuate or decline
significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price or result in fluctuations in the
price or trading volume of our common stock include:
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actual or anticipated variations in our operating results, funds from operations, or FFO, cash
flows, liquidity or distributions;
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changes in our earnings estimates or those of analysts;
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publication of research reports about us or the real estate industry or sector in which we operate;
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increases in market interest rates that lead purchasers of our shares to demand a higher dividend
yield;
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changes in market valuations of companies similar to us;
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adverse market reaction to any securities we may issue or additional debt it incurs in the future;
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additions or departures of key management personnel;
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actions by institutional stockholders;
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speculation in the press or investment community;
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continuing high levels of volatility in the credit markets;
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the realization of any of the other risk factors included herein; and
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general market and economic conditions.
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Sales
by our stockholders of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock in the public market could adversely affect the market
price of our Common Stock.
A substantial
portion of the total outstanding shares of our Common Stock may be sold into the market at any time. Some of these shares are owned
by our executive officers and directors, and we believe that such holders have no current intention to sell a significant number
of shares of our stock. If all of the major stockholders were to decide to sell large amounts of stock over a short period of time,
such sales could cause the market price of our Common Stock to drop significantly, even if our business were doing well.
The
resale of shares of our Common Stock by the Selling Stockholder could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our Common
Stock and may cause substantial dilution to our existing stockholders.
We
are registering 2,075,000 shares of our Common Stock for resale by the Selling Stockholder of which 2,025,000 are issuable upon
conversion of the Debentures and 50,000 were issued to the Selling Stockholder as a commitment fee pursuant to the SPA.
The number of shares ultimately offered for sale by the Selling Stockholder under this Prospectus is dependent upon the number
of shares the Selling Stockholder elects to sell from time to time. Depending upon market liquidity at the time, sales of shares
of our Common Stock issued upon the conversion and exercise of the Debentures may cause the trading price of our Common Stock to
decline. The Selling Stockholder may sell all, some, or none of the shares of our Common Stock that it holds or comes to hold upon
the conversion of the Debentures. Sales by the Selling Stockholder of shares of our Common Stock that it acquired upon such conversion
sold under the Registration Statement, of which this Prospectus is a part, may result in dilution to the interests of other holders
of our Common Stock. The sale of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock by the Selling Stockholder in this offering,
or the anticipation of such sales, could make it more difficult for us to sell our equity or equity-related securities in the future
at a time and at a price that we might otherwise wish to effect sales.
The
availability and timing of cash distributions is uncertain.
We
are generally required to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to
the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gain, each year in order for us to qualify as a REIT under the Code,
which we intend to satisfy through quarterly cash distributions of all or substantially all of our REIT taxable income in such
year, subject to certain adjustments. Our board of directors will determine the amount and timing of any distributions. In making
such determinations, our directors will consider all relevant factors, including the amount of cash available for distribution,
capital expenditures, general operational requirements and applicable law. We intend over time to make regular quarterly distributions
to holders of shares of our common stock. However, we bear all expenses incurred by our operations, and the funds generated by
operations, after deducting these expenses, may not be sufficient to cover desired levels of distributions to stockholders. In
addition, our board of directors, in its discretion, may retain any portion of such cash in excess of our REIT taxable income for
working capital. We cannot predict the amount of distributions we may make, maintain or increase over time.
There
are many factors that can affect the availability and timing of cash distributions to stockholders. Because we may receive rents
and income from our properties at various times during our fiscal year, distributions paid may not reflect our income earned in
that particular distribution period. The amount of cash available for distribution will be affected by many factors, including
without limitation, the amount of income we will earn from investments in target assets, the amount of its operating expenses and
many other variables. Actual cash available for distribution may vary substantially from our expectations.
While
we intend to fund the payment of quarterly distributions to holders of shares of our common stock entirely from distributable cash
flows, we may fund quarterly distributions to its stockholders from a combination of available net cash flows, equity capital and
proceeds from borrowings. In the event we are unable to consistently fund future quarterly distributions to stockholders entirely
from distributable cash flows, the value of our common stock may be negatively impacted.
An
increase in market interest rates may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions
to its stockholders.
One
of the factors that investors may consider in deciding whether to buy or sell shares of our common stock is our distribution rate
as a percentage of our share price, relative to market interest rates. If market interest rates increase, prospective investors
may demand a higher distribution rate on shares of common stock or seek alternative investments paying higher distributions or
interest. As a result, interest rate fluctuations and capital market conditions can affect the market price of shares of our common
stock. For instance, if interest rates rise without an increase in our distribution rate, the market price of shares of our common
stock could decrease because potential investors may require a higher distribution yield on shares of our common stock as market
rates on interest-bearing instruments such as bonds rise. In addition, to the extent we have variable rate debt, rising interest
rates would result in increased interest expense on our variable rate debt, thereby adversely affecting our cash flow and its ability
to service our indebtedness and make distributions to our stockholders.
We
may not be able to satisfy listing requirements of Nasdaq Capital Market to maintain a listing of our common stock.
We
must meet certain financial and liquidity criteria to maintain the listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market. If
we violate Nasdaq Capital Market listing requirements, our common stock may be delisted. If we fail to meet any of the Nasdaq Capital
Market listing standards, our common stock may be delisted. In addition, our board may determine that the cost of maintaining our
listing on a national securities exchange outweighs the benefits of such listing. A delisting of our common stock from Nasdaq Capital
Market may materially impair our stockholders’ ability to buy and sell our common stock and could have an adverse effect
on the market price of, and the efficiency of the trading market for, our common stock. In addition, the delisting of our common
stock could significantly impair our ability to raise capital.
If
securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock
price and trading volume could decline.
The
trading market for our common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish
about us and our business. If few analysts commence coverage of us, or if analysts cease coverage of us, the trading price for
our common stock would be negatively affected. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our common stock or publish
inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price for our common stock would likely decline. If one or more of these
analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our common stock could decrease, which might
cause the price and trading volume for our common stock to decline.
Material Federal Income
Tax Risks
Failure
to remain qualified as a REIT would cause us to be taxed as a regular corporation, which would substantially reduce funds available
for distributions to our stockholders.
We
have elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2017.
We believe that we have operated in a manner qualifying us as a REIT commencing with our taxable year ended December 31,
2017 and intend to continue to so operate. However, we cannot assure you that we will remain qualified as a REIT. In connection
with this offering, we have received an opinion from our tax counsel, that our organization and current and proposed method of
operation enable us to qualify and continue to qualify as a REIT. Investors should be aware that tax counsel’s opinion is
based upon customary assumptions, conditioned upon certain representations made by us as to factual matters, including representations
regarding the nature of our assets and the conduct of our business, is not binding upon the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS,
or any court and speaks as of the date issued. In addition, tax counsel’s opinion is based on existing U.S. federal income
tax law governing qualification as a REIT, which is subject to change either prospectively or retroactively. Moreover, our qualification
and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet on a continuing basis, through actual annual operating results, certain
qualification tests set forth in the federal tax laws. Tax counsel will not review our compliance with those tests on a continuing
basis. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that our actual results of operations for any particular taxable year will satisfy
such requirements.
If
we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will face serious tax consequences that will substantially reduce the funds
available for distributions to our stockholders because:
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we would not be able to deduct dividends paid to stockholders in computing our taxable income and
would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates;
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we could be subject to possible increased state and local taxes; and
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unless we are entitled to relief under certain U.S. federal income tax laws, we could not re-elect
REIT status until the fifth calendar year after the year in which we failed to qualify as a REIT.
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In
addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will no longer be required to make distributions. As a result of all these factors,
our failure to qualify as a REIT could impair our ability to expand our business and raise capital, and it would adversely affect
the value of our common stock. See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations” for a discussion of material federal
income tax consequences relating to us and our common stock.
Complying
with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities or liquidate otherwise attractive investments.
To
maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other
things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders
and the ownership of our capital stock. In order to meet these tests, we may be required to forego investments we might otherwise
make. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our performance.
In
particular, we must ensure that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of cash,
cash items, government securities and qualified real estate assets. The remainder of our investment in securities (other than government
securities, securities of TRSs and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting
securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition,
in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities, securities of TRSs and qualified real
estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 20% of the value of our total assets can be represented
by the securities of one or more TRSs. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must
correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to
avoid losing our REIT qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise
attractive investments. These actions could have the effect of reducing our income and amounts available for distribution to our
stockholders.
Even
if we remain qualified as a REIT, we may face other tax liabilities that reduce our cash flows.
Even
if we remain qualified as a REIT, we may be subject to certain federal, state and local taxes on our income and assets, including
taxes on any undistributed income, tax on income from some activities conducted as a result of a foreclosure, and state or local
income, property and transfer taxes. In addition, any TRS in which we own an interest will be subject to regular corporate federal,
state and local taxes. Any of these taxes would decrease cash available for distributions to stockholders.
Failure
to make required distributions would subject us to U.S. federal corporate income tax.
We
intend to continue to operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In order to remain qualified
as a REIT, we generally are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends
paid deduction and excluding any net capital gain, each year to our stockholders. To the extent that we satisfy this distribution
requirement but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on
our undistributed taxable income. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that we
pay out to our stockholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under the Code.
The
prohibited transactions tax may subject us to tax on our gain from sales of property and limit our ability to dispose of our properties.
A REIT’s
net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions
of property other than foreclosure property, held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. Although
we intend to acquire and hold all of our assets as investments and not for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business,
the IRS may assert that we are subject to the prohibited transaction tax equal to 100% of net gain upon a disposition of real property.
Although
a safe harbor to the characterization of the sale of real property by a REIT as a prohibited transaction is available, not all
of our prior property dispositions qualified for the safe harbor and we cannot assure you that we can comply with the safe harbor
in the future or that we have avoided, or will avoid, owning property that may be characterized as held primarily for sale to customers
in the ordinary course of business. Consequently, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of our properties or may conduct
such sales through a TRS, which would be subject to federal and state income taxation. Additionally, in the event that we engage
in sales of our properties, any gains from the sales of properties classified as prohibited transactions would be taxed at the
100% prohibited transaction tax rate.
The
ability of our board of directors to revoke our REIT qualification without stockholder approval may cause adverse consequences
to our stockholders.
Our
charter provides that our board of directors may revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our stockholders,
if it determines that it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT. If we cease to qualify as a REIT,
we would become subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income and would no longer be required to distribute most of
our taxable income to our stockholders, which may have adverse consequences on our total return to our stockholders.
Our
ownership of any TRSs will be subject to limitations and our transactions with any TRSs will cause us to be subject to a 100% penalty
tax on certain income or deductions if those transactions are not conducted on arm’s-length terms.
Overall,
no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. In addition, the
Code limits the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate
level of corporate taxation. The Code also imposes a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT
that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. Furthermore, we will monitor the value of our respective investments in
any TRSs for the purpose of ensuring compliance with TRS ownership limitations and will structure our transactions with any TRSs
on terms that we believe are arm’s-length to avoid incurring the 100% excise tax described above. There can be no assurance,
however, that we will be able to comply with the 20% REIT subsidiaries limitation or to avoid application of the 100% excise tax.
You
may be restricted from acquiring or transferring certain amounts of our common stock.
The
stock ownership restrictions of the Code for REITs and the 9.8% stock ownership limits in our charter may inhibit market activity
in our capital stock and restrict our business combination opportunities.
In
order to qualify as a REIT, five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Code to include specified private foundations, employee
benefit plans and trusts, and charitable trusts, may not own, beneficially or constructively, more than 50% in value of our issued
and outstanding stock at any time during the last half of a taxable year. Attribution rules in the Code determine if any individual
or entity beneficially or constructively owns our capital stock under this requirement. Additionally, at least 100 persons must
beneficially own our capital stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year. To help insure that we meet these tests, among other
purposes, our charter restricts the acquisition and ownership of shares of our capital stock.
Our
charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our
qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted, prospectively or retroactively, by our board of directors, our charter prohibits any
person from beneficially or constructively owning more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of capital
stock or 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Our board
of directors may not grant an exemption from these restrictions to any proposed transferee whose ownership in excess of such thresholds
does not satisfy certain conditions designed to ensure that we will not fail to qualify as a REIT. These restrictions on transferability
and ownership will not apply, however, if our board of directors determines that it is no longer in our best interest to continue
to qualify as a REIT or that compliance is no longer required for REIT qualification.
Upon
the closing of our IPO, our board of directors exempted the Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program, or
the Virginia Birth Injury Program, from the 9.8% ownership limit. In connection with that exemption, our board of directors set
the Virginia Birth Injury Program’s ownership limit at 32.95% of our issued and outstanding common stock. As of November 4,
2020, our top five stockholders, by share ownership, beneficially own 34.81% of our issued and outstanding
common stock. If any of these stockholders increase their holdings, we go over the 50% threshold which could result in our failure
to qualify or preserve our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. If this were to occur, your investment would be negatively
affected.
We
may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could reduce the market price of our common stock.
At
any time, the U.S. federal income tax laws governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended.
We cannot predict when or if any new U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment
to any existing U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become
effective and any such law, regulation, or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely
affected by any such change in the U.S. federal income tax laws, regulations or administrative interpretations.
Dividends
payable by REITs generally do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available for certain dividends.
The
maximum tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” payable to U.S. stockholders taxed at individual rates is
20%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible for the reduced rates. The more favorable rates applicable
to regular corporate qualified dividends could cause investors who are taxed at individual rates to perceive investments in REITs
to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely
affect the value of the shares of REITs, including our common stock.
Distributions
to tax-exempt investors may be classified as unrelated business taxable income and tax-exempt investors would be required to pay
tax on the unrelated business taxable income and to file income tax returns.
Neither
ordinary nor capital gain distributions with respect to our common stock nor gain from the sale of stock should generally constitute
unrelated business taxable income to a tax-exempt investor. However, there are certain exceptions to this rule. In particular:
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under certain circumstances, part of the income and gain recognized by certain qualified employee
pension trusts with respect to our stock may be treated as unrelated business taxable income if our stock is predominately held
by qualified employee pension trusts, such that we are a “pension-held” REIT (which we do not expect to be the case);
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part of the income and gain recognized by a tax-exempt investor with respect to our stock would
constitute unrelated business taxable income if such investor incurs debt in order to acquire our common stock; and
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part or all of the income or gain recognized with respect to our stock held by social clubs, voluntary
employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts and qualified group legal services plans which are exempt
from federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (9), (17) or (20) of the Code may be treated as unrelated business taxable
income.
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We
encourage you to consult your own tax advisor to determine the tax consequences applicable to you if you are a tax-exempt investor.
See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations — Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders.”
Benefit Plan Risks Under
ERISA or the Code
If
you fail to meet the fiduciary and other standards under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended or the
Code as a result of an investment in our stock, you could be subject to criminal and civil penalties.
Special
considerations apply to the purchase of stock by employee benefit plans subject to the fiduciary rules of title I of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or ERISA, including pension or profit sharing plans and entities that hold
assets of such plans, which we refer to as ERISA Plans, and plans and accounts that are not subject to ERISA, but are subject to
the prohibited transaction rules of Section 4975 of the Code, including IRAs, Keogh Plans, and medical savings accounts.
(Collectively, we refer to ERISA Plans and plans subject to Section 4975 of the Code as “Benefit Plans” or “Benefit
Plan Investors”). If you are investing the assets of any Benefit Plan, you should consider whether:
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your investment will be consistent with your fiduciary obligations under ERISA and the Code;
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your investment will be made in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the Benefit
Plan, including the Plan’s investment policy;
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your investment will satisfy the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections 404(a)(1)(B) and
404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA, if applicable, and other applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code;
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your investment will impair the liquidity of the Benefit Plan;
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your investment will produce “unrelated business taxable income” for the Benefit Plan;
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you will be able to satisfy plan liquidity requirements as there may be only a limited market to
sell or otherwise dispose of our stock; and
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your investment will constitute a prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975
of the Code.
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Failure
to satisfy the fiduciary standards of conduct and other applicable requirements of ERISA and the Code may result in the imposition
of civil and criminal penalties and can subject the fiduciary to claims for damages or for equitable remedies. In addition, if
an investment in our shares constitutes a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code, the fiduciary or IRA owner who authorized
or directed the investment may be subject to the imposition of excise taxes with respect to the amount invested. In the case of
a prohibited transaction involving an IRA owner, the IRA may be disqualified, and all of the assets of the IRA may be deemed distributed
and subjected to tax. Benefit Plan Investors should consult with counsel before making an investment in shares of our common stock.
Plans
that are not subject to ERISA or the prohibited transactions of the Code, such as government plans or church plans, may be subject
to similar requirements under state law. The fiduciaries of such plans should satisfy themselves that the investment satisfies
applicable law.
CAUTIONARY
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements
included in this prospectus that are not historical facts (including any statements concerning investment objectives, other plans
and objectives of management for future operations or economic performance, or assumptions or forecasts related thereto) are forward-looking
statements. These statements are only predictions. We caution that forward-looking statements are not guarantees. Actual events
or our investments and results of operations could differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements are typically identified by the use of terms such as “may,” “should,” “expect,”
“could,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,”
“continue,” “predict,” “potential” or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology.
The
forward-looking statements included herein are based upon our current expectations, plans, estimates, assumptions and beliefs that
involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other
things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible
to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking
statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our actual results and performance could differ materially from those set forth
in the forward-looking statements. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects include,
but are not limited to:
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the factors included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, including those set forth under the headings “Prospectus
Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations” and “Our Business and Properties;”
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the competitive environment in which we operate;
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national, international, regional and local economic conditions;
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the availability, terms and deployment of capital;
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the general level of interest rates;
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changes in our business or strategy;
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fluctuations in interest rates and increased operating costs;
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our limited operating history;
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the degree and nature of our competition;
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our dependence upon our Manager and key personnel;
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defaults on or non-renewal of leases by tenants;
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decreased rental rates or increased vacancy rates;
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our ability to make distributions on shares of our common stock;
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difficulties in identifying properties to acquire and completing acquisitions;
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our ability to operate as a public company;
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potential natural disasters such as hurricanes;
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the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on our results from operations;
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our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
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potential changes in the law or governmental regulations that affect us and interpretations of those laws and regulations,
including changes in real estate and zoning or tax laws, and potential increases in real property tax rates; and
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related industry developments, including trends affecting our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Any of the assumptions
underlying forward-looking statements could be inaccurate. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking
statements included in this prospectus. All forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this prospectus and the risk
that actual results will differ materially from the expectations expressed in this prospectus will increase with the passage of
time. Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any
forward-looking statements after the date of this prospectus, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances
or any other reason. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in this prospectus,
including, without limitation, the risks described under “Risk Factors,” the inclusion of such forward-looking statements
should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the objectives and plans set forth in this prospectus
will be achieved.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive
any proceeds from the sale of shares of our Common Stock by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to this Prospectus. We will bear
all other costs, fees, and expenses incurred by us, or by the Selling Stockholder, in effecting the registration of the Conversion
Shares covered by this Prospectus.
DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
The Selling Stockholder
will determine the price it may sell the Conversion Shares and Commitment Shares offered by this Prospectus, and such sales may
be made at fixed prices, market prices prevailing at the time of sale, varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated
prices.
THE SELLING STOCKHOLDER
The shares of our Common
Stock being offered by the Selling Stockholder include the Commitment Shares, and shares that are issuable upon conversion of the
Debentures. For additional information regarding the issuance of the Debentures, see “Description of Securities – Private
Placement Transaction.” We are registering the resale of the Commitment Shares and the Conversion Shares in order to permit
the Selling Stockholder to offer them in the manners provided in this Prospectus for resale from time to time. Except as otherwise
noted and except for the ownership of the Debentures issued pursuant to the SPA, the Selling Stockholder has not had any material
relationship with us within the past three years.
The table below lists
the Selling Stockholder and other information regarding the beneficial ownership of the shares of our Common Stock by the Selling
Stockholder. The second column lists the number of shares of our Common Stock beneficially owned by the Selling Stockholder, based
on its ownership of the Commitment Shares and the Debentures, as of December [ ], 2020, assuming conversion of all the Debentures
held by the Selling Stockholder on that date, without regard to any limitations on conversions or exercise.
The third column lists
the shares of our Common Stock being offered by this Prospectus by the Selling Stockholder.
In accordance with
the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement with the Selling Stockholder, this Prospectus generally covers the resale of at
least 2,075,000 shares of our Common Stock issued, or issuable to the Selling Stockholder pursuant to the SPA. Because the conversion
price of the Debentures may be adjusted, the number of shares that will actually be issued may be less than the number of shares
being offered by this Prospectus. The fourth column assumes the sale of all of the shares offered by the Selling Stockholder pursuant
to this Prospectus.
Under the terms of
the Debentures, the Selling Stockholder cannot convert any portion of the Debentures that would result in the Selling Stockholder,
together with its affiliates, holding more than 4.99%, or 9.8% at its option upon not less than 65 days prior notice to the Company,
of the then-outstanding shares of our Common Stock following such conversion . The number of shares in the second column does not
reflect this limitation. The Selling Stockholder may sell all, some or none of its Commitment Shares and the Conversion Shares
in this offering. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Name of Selling Stockholder
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Number of Shares
of our Common
Stock Beneficially
Owned Prior to
Offering
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Maximum
Number of
Shares of our
Common Stock
to be Sold
Pursuant to
this Prospectus
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Number of Shares
of our Common
Stock Beneficially
Owned After
Offering
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YA II PN, Ltd. (1)
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50,000
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2,075,000
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0
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(1)
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YA II PN, Ltd. (“YA”), a Cayman Island exempt company is the investor under the SPA. Yorkville Advisors Global, LP (“Yorkville LP”) is YA’s investment manager and Yorkville Advisors Global II, LLC (“Yorkville LLC”) is the General Partner of Yorkville LP. All investment decisions for YA are made by Yorkville LLC’s President and Managing Member, Mr. Mark Angelo. The address of YA is 1012 Springfield Avenue, Mountainside, NJ 07092, Attention: Mark Angelo, Portfolio Manager..
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PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
The Selling Stockholder
of the common stock and any of its pledgees, assignees and successors-in-interest may, from time-to-time, sell any or all of their
shares of common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market or any other stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares
are traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. A Selling Stockholder may use any one
or more of the following methods when selling shares:
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ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
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block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position
and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;
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purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
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an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;
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privately negotiated transactions;
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broker-dealers may agree with the Selling Stockholder to sell a specified number of such shares
at a stipulated price per share;
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through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an
options exchange or otherwise;
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a combination of any such methods of sale; or
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any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.
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The Selling Stockholder
may also sell shares under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, if available, rather than under this prospectus.
Broker-dealers engaged
by the Selling Stockholder may arrange for other brokers-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions
or discounts from the Selling Stockholder (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser)
in amounts to be negotiated, but except as set forth in a supplement to this prospectus, in the case of an agency transaction not
in excess of a customary brokerage commission in compliance with FINRA Rule 2440; and in the case of a principal transaction
a markup or markdown in compliance with FINRA Rule 2121.
In connection with
the sale of the common stock or interests therein, the Selling Stockholder may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers
or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the Common stock in the course of hedging the positions
they assume. The Selling Stockholder may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions
or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution
of shares offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this
prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).
The Selling Stockholder
and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares may be deemed to be "underwriters" within the
meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or
agents and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under
the Securities Act. Each Selling Stockholder has informed us that it does not have any written or oral agreement or understanding,
directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the common stock. In no event shall any broker-dealer receive fees, commissions
and markups which, in the aggregate, would exceed eight percent (8%).
We are required to
pay certain fees and expenses incurred by us incident to the registration of the shares. We have agreed to indemnify the Selling
Stockholder against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
Because the Selling
Stockholder may be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act, it will be subject to the
prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act including Rule 172 thereunder. In addition, any securities covered
by this prospectus which qualify for sale pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 rather
than under this prospectus. There is no underwriter or coordinating broker acting in connection with the proposed sale of the resale
shares by the Selling Stockholder.
We agreed to keep this
prospectus effective until the earlier of (i) the date on which the shares may be resold by the Selling Stockholder without
registration and without regard to any volume limitations by reason of Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule of
similar effect or (ii) all of the shares have been sold pursuant to this prospectus or Rule 144 under the Securities
Act or any other rule of similar effect. The resale shares will be sold only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers
if required under applicable state securities laws. In addition, in certain states, the resale shares may not be sold unless they
have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement
is available and is complied with.
Under applicable rules and
regulations under the Exchange Act, any person engaged in the distribution of the resale shares may not simultaneously engage in
market making activities with respect to the common stock for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M, prior
to the commencement of the distribution. In addition, the Selling Stockholder will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange
Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of
shares of the common stock by the Selling Stockholder or any other person. We will make copies of this prospectus available to
the Selling Stockholder and have informed them of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus to each purchaser at or prior to
the time of the sale (including by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).
DISTRIBUTION
POLICY
Beginning
with our taxable year ended December 31, 2017, we believe that we have operated in a manner qualifying us as a REIT, and we
have elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. The Code generally requires that a REIT annually distribute
at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital
gain, and imposes tax on any taxable income retained by a REIT, including capital gains. To satisfy the requirements for qualification
as a REIT and generally not be subject to federal income and excise tax, we intend to make regular quarterly distributions of all
or substantially all of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to dividends paid, to our stockholders out of assets
legally available for such purposes. Our board of directors has not yet determined the rate for our future dividends, and all future
distributions will be determined at the sole discretion of our board of directors on a quarterly basis. When determining the amount
of future distributions, we expect that our board of directors will consider, among other factors, (i) the amount of cash
generated from our operating activities, (ii) our expectations of future cash flows, (iii) our determination of near-term
cash needs for acquisitions of new properties, general property capital improvements and debt repayments, (iv) our ability
to continue to access additional sources of capital, (v) the requirements of Maryland law, (vi) the amount required to
be distributed to maintain our status as a REIT and to reduce any income and excise taxes that we otherwise would be required to
pay and (vii) any limitations on our distributions contained in our credit or other agreements. Our company’s
board of directors will continue to evaluate our company’s dividend policy. Given the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic’s
near and potential long-term impact on our company’s business, and in order to preserve its liquidity position, our company’s
board of directors has not declared a dividend for the first quarter of 2020 and may consider temporarily suspending quarterly
dividend distributions. Our company intends to continue to operate its business in a manner that will allow it to qualify as a
REIT for U.S. federal income tax requirements.
We
cannot assure you that we will generate sufficient cash flows to make distributions to our stockholders or that we will be able
to sustain those distributions. If our operations do not generate sufficient cash flow to allow us to satisfy the REIT distribution
requirements, we may be required to fund distributions from working capital, borrow funds, sell assets, make a taxable distribution
of our equity or debt securities, or reduce such distributions. In addition, prior to the time we have fully invested the net proceeds
of this offering, we may fund our distributions out of the net proceeds of this offering, which could adversely impact our results
of operations. Our distribution policy enables us to review the alternative funding sources available to us from time to time.
Our actual results of operations will be affected by a number of factors, including the revenues we receive from our properties,
our operating expenses, interest expense, the ability of our tenants to meet their obligations and unanticipated expenditures.
For more information regarding risk factors that could materially adversely affect our actual results of operations, please see
“Risk Factors.”
For
income tax purposes, dividends to stockholders will be characterized as ordinary income, capital gains, or as a return of a stockholder’s
invested capital. We will furnish annually to each of our stockholders a statement setting forth distributions paid during the
preceding year and their characterization as ordinary income, return of capital qualified dividend income or capital gain.
OUR
BUSINESS AND PROPERTIES
Overview of Our Business Objectives and Strategy
Medalist
Diversified REIT, Inc. was formed in 2015 as a Maryland corporation, to acquire, reposition, renovate, lease and manage income-producing
properties, with a primary focus on (i) commercial properties, including flex-industrial, and retail properties, (ii) multi-family
residential properties and (iii) hotel properties. We invest primarily in properties across secondary and tertiary markets
in the southeastern part of the United States, with a concentration in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida
and Alabama. Beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2017, we believe that we have operated in a manner qualifying
us as a REIT, and we have elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We are externally managed and advised
by Medalist Fund Manager, Inc., a Virginia corporation, or our Manager. Our Manager makes all investment decisions for us.
Our Manager is owned fifty percent each by Mr. Bill Elliott and Mr. Tim Messier, who are co-Presidents thereof.
We
operate as an UPREIT, and own our properties through our subsidiary, Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership.
We may also pursue other real estate-related investments, including but not limited to equity or other ownership interests in entities
that are the direct or indirect owners of real property, or indirect investments in real property, such as those that may be obtained
in a joint venture. We anticipate that any such equity or joint venture investments to be in controlling interests in such entities.
While we do not intend for these types of investments to be a primary focus, we may make such investments in our Manager’s
sole discretion. We refer to our investments in real property and our real estate-related investments, collectively, as Investments.
As of the date of the
prospectus, we own six Investments comprised of three retail properties, two hotel properties and one flex/industrial property.
We own 100% of the interests in our Investments, except for one hotel property of which we own an undivided 78% tenant-in-common
interest in the property and one retail property of which we own 84% tenant-in-common interest in the property.
Our principal objectives
include sourcing value-add Investments in markets in which we maintain deep industry relationships and local market knowledge,
and the creation of value for stockholders by utilizing our relationships and local knowledge of commercial real estate investment,
management and disposition. There is, however, no assurance that any of these objectives will be achieved.
We may make Investments
in properties owned by unaffiliated third parties, our Manager, or affiliates of our Manager, as determined by our Manager in its
sole discretion. The purchase price of any Investment owned by an affiliated party will be based upon the fair market value of
the asset established by third-party MAI appraisal.
Management
Our
Manager and its affiliated companies specialize in acquiring, developing, owning and managing value-added commercial real estate
in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast regions. Through their prior experience in the real estate industry, our Manager’s principals
and their respective affiliates have developed a strong network of relationships with real estate owners, investors, operators
and developers of all sizes and investment formats, across the United States and have a track record of success. We intend to leverage
this experience to gain access to and identify suitable Investments, located across secondary and tertiary markets throughout the
southeastern part of the United States, primarily in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida and Alabama. We
do not anticipate making Investments outside of the United States. This offering represents an opportunity for outside investors
to take advantage of the principals’ expertise through a pooled investment vehicle.
Our Manager oversees
our overall business and affairs, and it has broad discretion to make operating decisions on behalf of our company and to make
Investments. Our stockholders will not be involved in our day-to-day affairs. Summary background information regarding the management
of our Manager appears in the section entitled “Our Manager and Related Agreements.”
Background and Corporate Information
We were incorporated
in 2015 for the purpose of raising capital and acquiring a diverse portfolio of real estate assets. The principal executive offices
of the company and our Manager are located at 1051 E. Cary Street, Suite 601, James Center Three,
Richmond, Virginia 23219. Our telephone number is (804) 344-4445.
Investment Strategies
Our Manager believes
that its focus on value-add and opportunistic commercial real estate provides an attractive balance of risk and returns. Our Manager
intends to use some or all of the following strategies to enhance the performance, quality and value of our Investments:
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•
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proprietary investment sourcing;
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•
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a rigorous, consistent and replicable process for sourcing and conducting
due diligence;
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•
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appropriate exit strategy;
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•
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hands-on portfolio management; and
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•
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focus on opportunistic properties.
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Substantial
discretion with respect to the selection, purchase and sale of specific Investments, subject to the limitations in the Management
Agreement. We may revise the investment policies, which are described below, without the approval of our stockholders. We will
review the investment policies at least annually to determine whether the policies are in the best interests of our stockholders.
Our Portfolio
Our
goal is to acquire and own, through wholly owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership, a portfolio of commercial and retail
properties located primarily in the southeastern United States. To date, we have acquired and own the Franklin Square Property,
an undivided 78% tenant-in-common interest in the Greensboro Hampton Inn, an undivided 84% tenant-in-common interest in Hanover
Square North, the Ashley Plaza Property, the Clemson Best Western Property and the Brookfield Center Property:
Name
|
|
Type
|
|
Description
|
Franklin Square Property
|
|
Retail
|
|
134,239 square foot retail property located at 3940 East Franklin Boulevard in Gastonia, North Carolina 28056, on 10.293 acres, built in 2006 and 2007, that is 82.3% occupied as of September 30, 2020 and anchored by Ashley Furniture and Altitude.
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|
|
|
|
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Greensboro Hampton Inn
|
|
Hotel
|
|
Located at 7803 National Service Road, Greensboro, North Carolina, 27409.The hotel has 125 rooms, was built in 1996, is approximately 65,400 square feet and sits on 2.162 acres.
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|
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Hanover Square North
|
|
Retail
|
|
73,441 square foot retail center located at 7230 Bell Creek Road in Mechanicsville, Virginia 23111, on 9.630 acres, built in 2007, that is 94.6% occupied as of September 30, 2020 and anchored by a Marshalls store and an Old Navy store.
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|
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Ashley Plaza Property
|
|
Retail
|
|
160,356 square foot retail property located at 201–221 North Berkeley Boulevard in Goldsboro, North Carolina 27534, built in 1977, fully renovated in 2018, 98.0% leased as of September 30, 2020, and is anchored by Hobby Lobby, Harbor Freight, Ashley Home Store and Planet Fitness.
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Clemson Best Western Property
|
|
Hotel
|
|
Located at 1310 Tiger Boulevard, Clemson, South Carolina, 29631 The Clemson Best Western Property has 148 rooms, was built in 1982, substantially renovated in 2016 and 2017, is approximately 85,300 square feet and sits on 5.92 acres.
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Brookfield Center Property
|
|
Flex-industrial
|
|
64,880 square foot flex-industrial property located at 48 Brookfield Center Drive, Greenville, South Carolina 29607, built in 2007, 93.8% leased as of September 30, 2020, and is anchored by Gravitopia Trampoline Park and Turning Point Church.
|
Franklin Square Property
On April 28, 2017,
we purchased from Medalist Fund I, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of our company, or Fund I, the Shops
at Franklin Square, a 134,239 square foot retail property located at 3940 East Franklin Boulevard in Gastonia, North Carolina 28056,
or the Franklin Square Property. The purchase price for the Franklin Square Property was $20,500,000, as agreed by our Manager
and Fund I and based upon an independent, third party MAI appraisal of the Franklin Square Property. We paid $7,779,071 in cash
and assumed secured debt of $14,275,000, or the Franklin Square Loan, to acquire the Franklin Square Property, in addition to closing
and acquisition costs, including acquisition fees of $421,809 that were paid to our Manager. The Franklin Square Property is located
on 10.293 acres in Gastonia, North Carolina. It was built in 2006 and 2007, anchored by Ashley Furniture and Altitude and, as of
September 30, 2020, was 82.3% occupied.
The
Franklin Square Loan was originally made on February 10, 2016 in the original principal amount of $14,275,000 and assumed
by us at acquisition. The Franklin Square Loan will mature on October 6, 2021. The Franklin Square Loan requires monthly interest
only payments during the term. The Franklin Square Loan bears interest at 4.7%. The Franklin Square Loan may be prepaid, subject
to certain conditions and limitations contained in the loan documents. The Franklin Square Loan is secured by the Franklin Square
Property.
The
property is an eight building one-floor retail center totaling approximately 134,239 gross leasable area. The building is concrete
slab on grade with spread footings. The exterior walls are a combination of insulation and finish system, metal panel siding, brick
veneer and textured CMU. Retail storefronts are double-pane glass set in anodized aluminum frames. The roof is flat with fully-adhered,
thermoplastic olefin membrane roof system. The parking area comprises 435 spaces.
The
property is considered to be overall good and well-maintained condition, with average landscaping that is well maintained.
Occupancy data for the five
preceding years (as of December 31, unless otherwise noted):
|
|
As of September
30, 2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Occupancy Rate
|
|
|
82.3
|
%
|
|
|
92.5
|
%
|
|
|
92.5
|
%
|
|
|
71.0
|
%
|
|
|
95.1
|
%
|
|
|
87.7
|
%
|
Tenants occupying 10% or
more of the rentable square footage:
Tenant
|
|
Business
|
|
|
Leased Square
Footage
|
|
|
Percentage of
Rentable Square
Footage
|
|
|
Annual
Rent
|
|
|
Lease
Expiration
|
|
Renewal
Options
|
|
Ashley Furniture
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
|
34,682
|
|
|
|
25.84
|
%
|
|
$
|
277,456
|
|
|
12/31/2025
|
|
N/A
|
|
Altitude Trampoline Park
|
|
|
Entertainment
|
|
|
|
30,000
|
|
|
|
22.35
|
%
|
|
$
|
270,000
|
|
|
7/31/2029
|
|
7/31/2034
7/31/2039
7/31/2044
|
|
Average effective annual rent per square foot
for the five preceding years:
|
|
Nine months ended September 30, 2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Average Effective Annual Rent Per Square Foot (1)
|
|
$
|
13.11
|
|
|
$
|
13.47
|
|
|
$
|
11.98
|
|
|
$
|
9.87
|
|
|
$
|
12.86
|
|
|
$
|
14.60
|
|
|
(1)
|
Average effective rent per square foot represents the average annual rent for all occupied space
for the respective periods after accounting for rent abatements and concessions but before accounting for tenant reimbursements.
|
Lease expirations in the
next 10 years:
|
|
Three months
ending December
31, 2020
|
|
|
2021
|
|
|
2022
|
|
|
2023
|
|
|
2024
|
|
|
2025
|
|
|
2026
|
|
|
2027
|
|
|
2028
|
|
|
2029
|
|
|
2030
|
|
Leases Expiring
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Square Footage
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
4,260
|
|
|
|
3,656
|
|
|
|
4,235
|
|
|
|
9,564
|
|
|
|
48,085
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
9,061
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
30,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Rent (1)
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
89,460
|
|
|
$
|
66,624
|
|
|
$
|
95,965
|
|
|
$
|
222,927
|
|
|
$
|
509,312
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
238,647
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
300,000
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of Aggregate Annual Rent (2)
|
|
|
-
|
%
|
|
|
5.3
|
%
|
|
|
3.9
|
%
|
|
|
5.7
|
%
|
|
|
13.2
|
%
|
|
|
30.1
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
14.1
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
17.7
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
(1)
|
Annual rent is determined by multiplying the monthly rent in effect at the time of the lease expiration by 12 months.
|
|
(2)
|
The percentage of aggregate annual rent is determined by dividing (i) the annual rent (see note 1) related to expiring
leases by (ii) the total 2020 rent.
|
Greensboro Hampton Inn
On
November 3, 2017, we purchased an undivided 64% tenant-in-common interest in the property commonly referred to as the Greensboro
Airport Hampton Inn located at 7803 National Service Road in Greensboro, North Carolina, or the Greensboro Hampton Inn. The purchase
price for the Greensboro Hampton Inn was $15,100,000, which was based upon an independent, third-party MAI appraisal. The Greensboro
Hampton Inn has 125 rooms, was built in 1996, is approximately 65,400 square feet and sits on 2.162 acres. In the transaction,
our operating partnership acquired an undivided sixty-four percent (64%) tenant-in-common interest in the Greensboro Hampton Inn
and PMI Greensboro, LLC, or PMI Greensboro, a noncontrolling owner, acquired the remaining undivided thirty-six percent (36%) tenant-in-common
interest, each from Medalist Properties 8, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and affiliate of our company.
The
purchase price, closing costs and acquisition fee for the Greensboro Hampton Inn was financed with (a) $7,823,312 in equity,
comprised of (i) $4,048,281 in cash from our company, (ii) $300,000 in the form of 3,000 shares of common stock, (iii) $1,175,000
in the form of 125,000 operating partnership units, or OP Units, and (iv) $2,300,031 in cash from PMI Greensboro, and (b) net
mortgage loan proceeds of $10,181,309 from a senior mortgage loan made by Benefit Street Partners Realty Operating Partnership,
L.P., or the Greensboro Lender, in the original principal amount of $10,600,000, or the Greensboro Senior Loan.
The
cash portion of the amount contributed by us was financed by (i) a short-term loan made by Virginia Commonwealth Bank in the
original principal amount of $1,500,000, or the Virginia Commonwealth Bank Loan, (ii) a short-term loan made by Medalist Fund
I, LLC, our affiliate, in the original principal amount of $252,000, or the Fund I Loan, (iii) a short-term loan made by Medalist
Fund II, LLC, our affiliate, in the original principal amount of $150,000, or the Fund II Loan, (iv) a short-term loan from
Medalist Properties 8, LLC, our affiliate and the seller of the Greensboro Airport Hampton Inn Property, in the original principal
amount of $125,238, or the Seller Loan, (v) a short-term loan from K&R Automotive in the original principal amount of
$100,000, or the K&R Loan, and (vi) a short-term loan from Medalist Fund I-B, LLC, our affiliate, in the original principal
amount of $50,000, or the Fund I-B Loan. In connection with our acquisition of the Greensboro Hampton Inn, we paid closing and
acquisition costs, including acquisition fees of $363,751 to our Manager.
The
Greensboro Senior Loan had an initial 36-month term, maturing on November 9, 2020. On November 9, 2020, the Company
entered into an amendment to the Greensboro Senior Loan agreement extending the term of the loan by 18 months to May 9, 2022.
Under the amendment, the Company made a cash payment to reduce the mortgage loan principal amount by $200,000, resulting in a new
mortgage loan principal amount of $10,400,000. In addition, the Company deposited $250,000 in reserves with the lender. The interest
rate continues to be a variable rate based on LIBOR, but the spread over LIBOR was increased from 5 percent to 6.25 percent and
the minimum rate was increased from 6.10 percent to 6.50 percent. The amended loan includes a second option, with certain conditions,
to extend the term of the mortgage loan for one successive six month term. The
Greensboro Senior Loan may be prepaid, subject to certain conditions and payments. The Greensboro Senior Loan is secured by the
Greensboro Hampton Inn.
The
Virginia Commonwealth Bank Loan carried interest at the rate of 4.223%. The Virginia Commonwealth Bank Loan was repaid on January 24,
2018, including interest and loan fees, using $1,537,456 in proceeds from our offering pursuant to Regulation A in 2018.
The
Fund I Loan, the Fund II Loan, the Seller Loan, the K&R Loan and the Fund I-B Loan were repaid on January 31, 2018, including
interest, with $705,138 in proceeds from our offering pursuant to Regulation A in 2018. The Fund I Loan, the Fund II Loan, the
K&R Loan and the Fund I-B Loan were issued at interest rates of 5%, and the Seller Loan was an interest free loan.
In
connection with our acquisition of the Greensboro Hampton Inn, we, through a subsidiary, entered into the Tenants in Common Agreement
with PMI Greensboro, as amended, or the Greensboro TIC Agreement. Among other approvals, under the Greensboro TIC Agreement, the
consent of both tenants in common is required to approve (i) any lease, sublease, deed restriction, or grant of easement of/on
all or any portion of the Greensboro Hampton Inn, (ii) any sale or exchange of the Greensboro Hampton Inn, or (iii) any
indebtedness or loan, and any negotiation or refinancing thereof, secured by a lien on the Greensboro Hampton Inn. In the event
the tenants in common are unable to agree on a decision which requires the consent of both tenants in common, a tenant in common
may purchase the undivided interest of the other tenant in common subject to certain rights contained in the Greensboro TIC Agreement.
On January 1, 2020, we effected a transaction
by which PMI Greensboro exchanged (i) approximately 7.55% of its tenant in common interest in the Greensboro Hampton Inn for
the settlement of $867,000 in advances made by our company to the Greensboro Hampton Inn; and (ii) approximately 3.45% of
its tenant in common interest in the Greensboro Hampton Inn for 93,580 OP Units. As a result of this transaction, our company’s
tenant-in-common interest in the Greensboro Hampton Inn increased from 64% to 75%, and PMI Greensboro’s tenant in common
interest decreased from 36% to 25%.
On November 9,
2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the Hampton Inn Property mortgage loan agreement extending the term of the loan
by 18 months to May 9, 2022. Under the amendment, the Company made a cash payment to reduce the mortgage loan principal amount
by $200,000, resulting in a new mortgage loan principal amount of $10,400,000. In addition, the Company deposited $250,000 in interest
reserves with the lender. The interest rate continues to be a variable rate based on LIBOR, but the spread over LIBOR was increased
from 5 percent to 6.25 percent and the minimum rate was increased from 6.10 percent to 6.50 percent. The amended loan includes
a second option, with certain conditions, to extend the term of the mortgage loan for one successive six month term.
Under the amendment,
PMI Greensboro and the Company adjusted the TIC ownership interests to reflect equity contributions made by the Company during
the period from January 1, 2020 through November 9, 2020. This adjustment, increased the Company’s ownership interest
from 75 percent to 78 percent and reduced PMI Greensboro’s ownership interest from 25 percent to 22 percent.
The
hotel is a five-story building totaling approximately 65,400 square feet, with 125 guestrooms. The building is cast in place reinforced
concrete upper level flooring supported by reinforced concrete columns bearing on spread footings and piers. The ground level floor
is a concrete slab-on-grade. The exterior walls are frame with brick veneer with synthetic stucco exterior elements. Carpeting
covers common area corridor and guestroom flooring with ceramic tiles in restrooms and guest services lobby, business center and
breakfast/lounge area. Flat rubber membrane roof covers the building.
The
parking area comprises 138 spaces, including 6 ADA accessible stalls. Perimeter sidewalks are concrete. The hotel is considered
to be overall good and well-maintained condition.
The
Greensboro Hampton Inn is operated by Marshall Hotels and Resorts. More information can be found at www.marshallhotels.com, but
any information is not to be included or incorporated herein and not to be considered as part of this prospectus or reviewed or
passed on by us.
The
Greensboro Hampton Inn average occupancy rate, average daily rate, or ADR and RevPAR for the past five years are as follows:
Period
|
|
Average
Occupancy Rate
|
|
|
ADR
|
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
|
|
|
48.63
|
%
|
|
$
|
83.16
|
|
|
$
|
40.44
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2019
|
|
|
60.62
|
%
|
|
$
|
113.41
|
|
|
$
|
68.75
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2018
|
|
|
67.62
|
%
|
|
$
|
117.83
|
|
|
$
|
79.71
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2017
|
|
|
70.10
|
%
|
|
$
|
115.24
|
|
|
$
|
80.77
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2016
|
|
|
70.08
|
%
|
|
$
|
114.80
|
|
|
$
|
80.45
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2015
|
|
|
73.61
|
%
|
|
$
|
108.53
|
|
|
$
|
79.89
|
|
Hanover Square North
On May 8, 2018,
we acquired an undivided 84% tenant-in-common interest in the Shops at Hanover Square North from COF North, LLC, a Virginia limited
liability company. The property is comprised of (i) an approximately 73,441 square foot retail center located on 8.766 acres
of land at 7230 Bell Creek Road in Mechanicsville, Virginia 23111 and (ii) a contiguous, undeveloped parcel of land totaling
0.864 acres. We refer to both parcels herein as Hanover Square North. The contract purchase price for Hanover Square North was
$12,173,000. We acquired Hanover Square North with $3,291,404 in cash from us, $648,120 in cash from PMI Hanover Square, LLC, an
unaffiliated tenant-in-common, and the assumption of a secured loan of approximately $8,527,315 from Langley Federal Credit Union,
which amount was increased by an additional $372,685, or the Original Hanover Square North Loan. In connection with the acquisition,
we paid our Manager an acquisition fee of $252,451. Our company purchased Hanover Square North as a tenant-in-common with an unaffiliated
party. Our company acquired an 84% interest in Hanover Square North, and PMI Hanover Square, LLC owns the remaining 16% interest.
The retail center forming a part of Hanover Square North was built in 2007 and, as of September 30, 2020, was 94.6% occupied.
On October 1, 2020, we entered into a lease for the 4,000 square foot vacancy, which will bring the occupancy to 100%. The
new tenant will take occupancy on November 1, 2020 and, after a period of free rent, will commence rental payments in July 2021.
We assumed the Original
Hanover Square North Loan as of the closing of the acquisition. The Original Hanover Square North Loan bore interest at 4.90% through
January 1, 2023, at which time the interest rate will be adjusted to the daily average yield on US Treasury securities adjusted
to a constant maturity of five years, plus 3.10% with an interest rate floor of 4.90%. The Hanover Square North Loan is secured
by the developed parcel of Hanover Square North.
On May 8, 2020,
the Company entered into a refinancing transaction with the mortgage lender for the Hanover Square Property. Under this transaction,
the principal amount of the loan was increased to $10,500,000 and the interest rate reduced to a fixed rate of 4.25 percent until
January 1, 2023, when the interest rate will adjust to a new fixed rate which will be determined by adding 3.00 percentage
points to the daily average yield on United States Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of five years, as made available
by the Federal Reserve Board, with a minimum of 4.25 percent. The fixed monthly payment, which includes principal, based on a 25-year
amortization schedule, and interest, increased to $56,882. Proceeds, net of capitalized loan issuance costs of $42,352, were $1,951,845.
The noncontrolling owner of the Hanover Square Property received 16% of the net proceeds. The net proceeds from the transaction
were $1,570,000, after the pre-payment of real estate taxes and interest at closing. The Hanover Square North Loan matures on December 1,
2027.
In
connection with our acquisition of Hanover Square North, we, through a subsidiary, entered into the Tenants in Common Agreement
with PMI Hanover SQ, LLC, or PMI Hanover, or the Hanover Square TIC Agreement. Among other approvals, under the Hanover Square
TIC Agreement, the consent of both tenants in common is required to approve (i) any lease, sublease, deed restriction, or
grant of easement of/on all or any portion of Hanover Square North, (ii) any sale or exchange of Hanover Square North, or
(iii) any indebtedness or loan, and any negotiation or refinancing thereof, secured by a lien on Hanover Square North. In
the event the tenants in common are unable to agree on a decision which requires the consent of both tenants in common, a tenant
in common may purchase the undivided interest of the other tenant in common subject to certain rights contained in the Hanover
Square North TIC Agreement.
The
property is a three-lot one-floor strip retail shopping center totaling approximately 73,441 square feet of net leasable area.
The building is concrete slab with floor coverings consisting of a mixture of vinyl tile and carpeting. The exterior walls are
masonry with brick veneer and EIFS at front and painted concrete block sides and rear. Windows are plate glass fixed pane storefront
type in aluminum frames. The roof is single-ply, mechanically fastened EPDM over rigid insulation and steel framing in a flat configuration.
The parking area comprises approximately 365 spaces.
The
property was constructed in 2007 and is currently considered to be in good physical condition. The improved sales were built between
1989 and 2006 and are adjusted accordingly for age/condition variations.
Occupancy data for the five
preceding years (as of December 31, unless otherwise noted):
|
|
As of September 30,
2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Occupancy Rate
|
|
|
94.6
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
97
|
%
|
|
|
92
|
%
|
|
|
96
|
%
|
|
|
95
|
%
|
Tenants occupying 10% or
more of the rentable square footage:
Tenant
|
|
Business
|
|
Leased
Square
Footage
|
|
|
Percentage of
Rentable
Square
Footage
|
|
|
Annual
Rent
|
|
|
Lease
Expiration
|
|
Renewal
Options
|
Old Navy
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
15,000
|
|
|
|
20.42
|
%
|
|
$
|
104,400
|
(1)
|
|
4/30/2024
|
|
4/30/2029
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/28/2027
|
Marshall’s
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
28,000
|
|
|
|
38.13
|
%
|
|
$
|
322,000
|
|
|
2/28/2022
|
|
2/28/2032
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/28/2037
|
|
(1)
|
Base rent only. Does not include potential additional rent that could be earned based on tenant’s percentage of monthly
sales.
|
Average effective annual
rent per square foot for the five preceding years:
|
|
Nine months ended
September 30, 2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Average Effective Annual Rent Per Square Foot (1)
|
|
$
|
14.97
|
|
|
$
|
15.31
|
|
|
$
|
14.71
|
|
|
$
|
15.83
|
|
|
$
|
15.42
|
|
|
$
|
15.31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Average effective rent per square foot represents the average annual rent for all occupied space for the respective periods
after accounting for rent abatements and concessions but before accounting for tenant reimbursements. For the year ended December 31,
2018, we owned Hanover Square North for eight months, the period on which the average annual rent per square foot is based.
|
Lease expirations in the next 10 years:
|
|
Three
months
ending December
31, 2020
|
|
|
2021
|
|
|
2022
|
|
|
2023
|
|
|
2024
|
|
|
2025
|
|
|
2026
|
|
|
2027
|
|
|
2028
|
|
|
2029
|
|
|
2030
|
|
Leases Expiring
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Square Footage
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
36,500
|
|
|
|
14,901
|
|
|
|
18,140
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Annual Rent (1)
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
543,832
|
|
|
$
|
193,618
|
|
|
$
|
297,318
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
Percentage of Aggregate
Annual Rent (2)
|
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
|
|
50.8
|
%
|
|
|
18.1
|
%
|
|
|
27.8
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
(1)
|
Annual rent is determined by multiplying the monthly rent in effect at the time of the lease expiration by 12 months.
|
|
(2)
|
The percentage of aggregate annual rent is determined by dividing (i) the annual rent (see note 1) related to expiring
leases by (ii) the total 2020 rent.
|
Ashley Plaza Property
On August 30,
2019, we purchased from RCG-Goldsboro, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, Ashley Plaza, a 160,356 square foot retail property
located at 201–221 North Berkeley Boulevard in Goldsboro, North Carolina 27534, or the Ashley Plaza Property, for $15,200,000.
The Ashley Plaza Property was built in 1977, fully renovated in 2018, was 98 percent leased as of September 30, 2020, and
is anchored by Hobby Lobby, Harbor Freight, Ashley Home Store and Planet Fitness
The
purchase price, closing costs and acquisition fee for the Ashley Plaza Property was financed with $3,281,144 in equity, $1,000,000
in funds from a short term line of credit from Virginia Commonwealth Bank, and net mortgage loan proceeds of $11,225,700 from a
senior mortgage loan made by Bank of America, N.A., or the Ashley Plaza Lender, in the original principal amount of $11,400,000,
or the Ashley Plaza Senior Loan. In connection with the acquisition, we paid our Manager an acquisition fee of $309,080.
The
Ashley Plaza Senior Loan will mature on September 1, 2029. The Ashley Plaza Senior Loan requires monthly interest only payments
during the first 12 months of the term. For the remainder of the term, the Ashley Plaza Senior Loan requires monthly payments
of principal on a 30-year amortization schedule, and interest. The Ashley Plaza Senior Loan bears
interest at 3.75%. The Ashley Plaza Senior Loan may not be prepaid until June 1, 2029, subject to certain conditions and limitations
contained in the loan documents. The Ashley Plaza Senior Loan is secured by the Ashley Plaza Property.
The
Virginia Commonwealth Bank line of credit bore interest at 2.5% plus the 30 day LIBOR rate, had a six month term, and was repaid
on February 20, 2020.
The
Ashley Plaza Property consists of a single-story, main retail strip building and two pad sites, all constructed in 1977. Foundations
consist of continuous, concrete spread footers. The floor is a reinforced concrete slab-on-grade. The building superstructure utilizes
load bearing CMU, interior steel columns supporting steel beams and open web steel joists supporting metal decking. The exterior
walls consist of exterior insulation and finishing system, ribbed and painted concrete masonry unit walls. The roof is low-sloped
with a portion covered by a single play TPO roof membrane and a portion covered by tar and gravel roofing. Parking is available
for five hundred and sixty-seven (567) automobiles on asphalt-paved parking areas.
The
property is considered to be in an overall good and well-maintained condition, with average landscaping that is well maintained.
Occupancy data for the five
preceding years (as of December 31, unless otherwise noted):
|
|
As of September
30, 2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Occupancy Rate
|
|
|
98.0
|
%
|
|
|
98.0
|
%
|
|
|
52.5
|
%
|
|
|
28.7
|
%
|
|
|
94.6
|
%
|
|
|
95.5
|
%
|
Tenants occupying 10% or
more of the rentable square footage:
Tenant
|
|
Business
|
|
Leased Square
Footage
|
|
|
Percentage of
Rentable
Square Footage
|
|
|
Annual Rent
|
|
|
Lease
Expiration
|
|
Renewal
Options
|
Ashley Home Store
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
17,920
|
|
|
|
11.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
161,280
|
|
|
8/31/2028
|
|
8/31/2033
8/31/2038
8/31/2043
8/31/2048
|
Harbor Freight Tools
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
21,416
|
|
|
|
13.4
|
%
|
|
$
|
159,840
|
|
|
2/28/2029
|
|
2/28/2034
2/28/2039
|
Hobby Lobby
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
31.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
250,000
|
|
|
3/31/2029
|
|
3/31/2034
3/31/2039
3/31/2044
|
Planet Fitness
|
|
Fitness
|
|
|
20,131
|
|
|
|
12.6
|
%
|
|
$
|
181,179
|
|
|
4/30/2028
|
|
4/30/2033
4/30/2038
|
Average effective annual
rent per square foot for the five preceding years:
|
|
Nine months
ended
September
30, 2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Average Effective Annual Rent Per Square Foot (1)
|
|
$
|
7.99
|
|
|
$
|
7.74
|
|
|
$
|
4.60
|
|
|
$
|
3.32
|
|
|
$
|
3.44
|
|
|
$
|
3.17
|
|
|
(1)
|
Average effective rent per square foot represents the average annual rent for all occupied space for the respective periods
after accounting for rent abatements and concessions but before accounting for tenant reimbursements.
|
Lease expirations in the
next 10 years:
|
|
Nine
months ending
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
2021
|
|
|
2022
|
|
|
2023
|
|
|
2024
|
|
|
2025
|
|
|
2026
|
|
|
2027
|
|
|
2028
|
|
|
2029
|
|
|
2030
|
|
Leases Expiring
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
Square Footage
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
18,199
|
|
|
|
1,575
|
|
|
|
4,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,400
|
|
|
|
49,451
|
|
|
|
71,416
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
Annual Rent (1)
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
120,000
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
104,160
|
|
|
$
|
29,925
|
|
|
$
|
57,600
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
40,575
|
|
|
$
|
484,283
|
|
|
$
|
438,324
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Percentage of Aggregate
Annual Rent (2)
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
9.4
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
8.1
|
%
|
|
|
2.3
|
%
|
|
|
4.5
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
3.2
|
%
|
|
|
37.9
|
%
|
|
|
34.3
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
(1)
|
Annual rent is determined by multiplying the monthly rent in effect at the time of the lease expiration by 12 months.
|
|
(2)
|
The percentage of aggregate annual rent is determined by dividing (i) the annual rent (see note 1) related to expiring
leases by (ii) the total 2020 rent.
|
Clemson Best Western
Hotel
On
September 27, 2019, we purchased the Clemson Best Western University Inn located at 1310 Tiger Boulevard, Clemson, South Carolina
29631, or the Clemson Best Western Property, from Heri AUM, LLC, a South Carolina limited liability company, for $9,750,000. The
Clemson Best Western Property has 148 rooms, was built in 1982, substantially renovated in 2016 and 2017, is approximately 85,300
square feet and sits on 5.92 acres.
The
purchase price, closing costs and acquisition fee for the Clemson Best Western Property was financed with $1,767,528 in equity,
$1,000,000 in funds from a short term line of credit from Virginia Commonwealth Bank, and net mortgage loan proceeds of $7,480,746
from a senior mortgage loan made by Ladder Capital Finance, LLC, or the Clemson Lender, in the original principal amount of $7,750,000,
or the Clemson Senior Loan. In connection with the acquisition, we paid our Manager an acquisition fee of $203,091.
The
Clemson Senior Loan has an initial 36-month term, maturing on October 6, 2022. The borrower, however, has an extension option,
which if exercised, could extend the maturity date of the Clemson Senior Loan for one (1) 12-month period. The Clemson Senior
Loan requires monthly interest only payments during the 36-month term. The Clemson Senior Loan bears interest at the greater of
(i) 4.9% plus the 30 day LIBOR rate, and (ii) 7.15%. The Clemson Senior Loan may be prepaid, subject to certain conditions
and payments. The Clemson Senior Loan is secured by the Clemson Best Western Property.
The
Virginia Commonwealth Bank line of credit bore interest at 2.5% plus the 30 day LIBOR rate, had a six month term and was repaid
on February 20, 2020.
The
Clemson Best Western Property is a four-story building totaling approximately 85,300 square feet, with 148 guestrooms. The building
is cast in place concrete upper level flooring supported by a concrete masonry unit (CMU) superstructure bearing on continuous
perimeter reinforced spread footings and interior isolated spread footings and column pads. The ground level floor is a concrete
slab-on-grade. The exterior walls are CMU with faux-stone veneer and EIFS. Common area flooring consists of a combination of carpet,
laminate strip, ceramic tile and vinyl tile. Guest room flooring consists of carpet, laminate and ceramic tile. The upper roof
consists of standing-seam metal panels and the lower roof consists of single-ply thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) membrane.
The
parking area comprises 240 spaces, including 12 ADA accessible stalls. Perimeter sidewalks are concrete. The hotel is considered
to be overall good and well-maintained condition.
The
Clemson Best Western Property is operated by Marshall Hotels and Resorts. More information can be found at www.marshallhotels.com,
but any information is not to be included or incorporated herein and not to be considered as part of this prospectus or reviewed
or passed on by us.
The
Clemson Best Western Property average occupancy rate, average daily rate, or ADR and RevPAR for the past five years are as follows:
Period
|
|
Average Occupancy
Rate
|
|
|
ADR
|
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
Nine months ended September 30, 2020
|
|
|
29.5
|
%
|
|
$
|
71.64
|
|
|
$
|
21.12
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2019
|
|
|
39.3
|
%
|
|
$
|
110.05
|
|
|
$
|
43.29
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2018
|
|
|
35.1
|
%
|
|
$
|
110.63
|
|
|
$
|
38.88
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2017
|
|
|
24.6
|
%
|
|
$
|
131.26
|
|
|
$
|
32.33
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2016
|
|
|
13.7
|
%
|
|
$
|
120.93
|
|
|
$
|
16.58
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2015
|
|
|
14.5
|
%
|
|
$
|
50.14
|
|
|
$
|
7.27
|
|
Brookfield Center Property
On October 3,
2019, we purchased from Appian-Brookfield South 48, LLC, a South Carolina limited liability company, Brookfield Center, a 64,880
square foot flex-industrial property located at 48 Brookfield Center Drive, Greenville, South Carolina 29607, or the Brookfield
Center Property, for $6,700,000. The Brookfield Center Property was built in 2007, was 93.8 percent leased as of September 30,
2020, and is anchored by the Gravitopia Trampoline Park and Turning Point Church.
The
purchase price, closing costs and acquisition fee for the Brookfield Center Property was financed with $1,876,138 in equity, $263,000
in funds from a short term, related party note and net mortgage loan proceeds of $4,736,495 from a senior mortgage loan made by
CIBC, Inc., or the Brookfield Center Lender, in the original principal amount of $4,850,000, or the Brookfield Center Senior
Loan. In connection with the acquisition, we paid our Manager an acquisition fee of $137,000.
The
Brookfield Center Senior Loan will mature on November 1, 2029. The Brookfield Center Senior Loan requires monthly interest
only payments during the first 12 months of the term. For the remainder of the term, the Brookfield Center Senior Loan requires
monthly payments of principal on a 30-year amortization schedule, and interest. The Brookfield Center
Senior Loan bears interest at 3.90%. The Brookfield Center Senior Loan may not be prepaid until September 1, 2029, subject
to certain conditions and limitations contained in the loan documents. The Brookfield Center Senior Loan is secured by the Brookfield
Center Property.
We
entered into related party notes, short term, with the Manager by which the Manager provided an aggregate of $263,000 to fund a
portion of the Company’s acquisition of the Brookfield Center Property. The notes are due on demand and bear interest at
a rate of 5 percent annually. On February 20, 2020, the Company repaid these related party notes payable, short term, as well
as additional related party notes, short term, in the principal amount of $852,000 plus accrued interest of $11,710.
The
Brookfield Center Property consists of a single-story building on a 7.88 acre parcel of land, and was built in 2007. The foundation
consists of a concrete slab-on-grade with continuous perimeter reinforced concrete spread footings and interior isolated spread
footings and column pads. The floor is a reinforced concrete slab-on-grade. The building superstructure consists of concrete tilt-up
panels with steel columns and steel stud infill walls. The roof is flat and consists of a single ply thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO)
membrane. Parking is available for two hundred and seventy three (273) automobiles on asphalt-paved parking areas, including 12
ADA accessible spaces.
The
property is considered to be in good overall condition and appears to have been proactively maintained.
Occupancy data for the five
preceding years (as of December 31, unless otherwise noted):
|
|
As of September 30, 2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Occupancy Rate
|
|
|
93.8
|
%
|
|
|
93.8
|
%
|
|
|
93.8
|
%
|
|
|
93.8
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
86.8
|
%
|
Tenants occupying 10% or
more of the rentable square footage:
Tenant
|
|
Business
|
|
Leased Square
Footage
|
|
|
Percentage of
Rentable
Square Footage
|
|
|
Annual
Rent
|
|
|
Lease
Expiration
|
|
Renewal
Options
|
Turning Point Church
|
|
Religious
|
|
|
9,000
|
|
|
|
13.9
|
%
|
|
$
|
90,000
|
|
|
9/30/2020
|
|
9/30/2025
9/30/2030
|
S&ME
|
|
Engineering
|
|
|
8,582
|
|
|
|
13.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
96,225
|
|
|
8/31/2024
|
|
N/A
|
Gravitopia
|
|
Entertainment
|
|
|
35,160
|
|
|
|
54.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
268,989
|
|
|
4/30/2026
|
|
4/30/2031
|
Average effective annual
rent per square foot for the five preceding years:
|
|
Nine months ended
September 30, 2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
Average Effective Annual
Rent Per Square Foot (1)
|
|
$
|
8.35
|
|
|
$
|
6.52
|
|
|
$
|
7.86
|
|
|
$
|
8.49
|
|
|
$
|
6.62
|
|
|
$5.75
|
|
(1)
|
Average effective rent per square foot represents the average annual rent for all occupied space for the respective periods
after accounting for rent abatements and concessions but before accounting for tenant reimbursements.
|
Lease expirations in the
next 10 years:
|
|
Nine months
ending December
31, 2020
|
|
|
2021
|
|
|
2022
|
|
|
2023
|
|
|
2024
|
|
|
2025
|
|
|
2026
|
|
|
2027
|
|
|
2028
|
|
|
2029
|
|
|
2030
|
|
Leases Expiring
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Square Footage
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
4,046
|
|
|
|
8,582
|
|
|
|
4,046
|
|
|
|
9,000
|
|
|
|
35,160
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Annual Rent (1)
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
40,784
|
|
|
$
|
105,994
|
|
|
$
|
39,971
|
|
|
$
|
106,144
|
|
|
$
|
296,986
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
Percentage of Aggregate
Annual Rent (2)
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
7.5
|
%
|
|
|
19.6
|
%
|
|
|
7.4
|
%
|
|
|
19.6
|
%
|
|
|
55.0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
(1)
|
Annual rent is determined by multiplying the monthly rent in effect at the time of the lease expiration by 12 months.
|
|
(2)
|
The percentage of aggregate annual rent is determined by dividing (i) the annual rent (see note 1) related to expiring
leases by (ii) the total 2020 rent.
|
Our Competitive Strengths
We believe the experience
of our Manager and its affiliates, which we refer to as the Medalist companies, as well as our investment strategies, distinguish
us from other real estate companies. Specifically, our competitive strengths include the following:
|
§
|
Experienced and Dedicated Management Team. The Medalist companies consist of a committed
management team with experience in all phases of commercial real estate investment, management and disposition. The Medalist management
team has 50+ years combined experience in commercial real estate and fixed income capital markets. The Medalist management team
has also established a robust infrastructure of service providers, including longstanding relationships with two fully-staffed
property managers for assets under management.
|
|
§
|
Strategy of Opportunistic Investing. The Medalist companies have an extensive deal
flow network in target markets due to long-standing relationships with brokers and lenders. The Medalist companies focus on value
creation through a “hands on” management approach to previously neglected properties and a thorough knowledge of the
geographic target area.
|
|
§
|
Highly Disciplined Investing Approach. The Medalist companies take a time-tested
and thorough approach to analysis, management and investor reporting. The Medalist companies also adhere to a rigorous due diligence
process, strict acquisition price discipline and prudent leverage levels.
|
|
§
|
Market Opportunity. The Medalist companies have identified market opportunities in
the secondary and tertiary commercial real estate markets and the availability of debt financing at historically low rates.
|
Real Estate Tax Information
The
following table sets forth certain real estate tax information for each of our existing properties for the year ended December 31,
2019:
|
|
2019 Realty
|
|
|
2019 Realty
|
|
Property
|
|
Taxes
|
|
|
Tax Rate(1)
|
|
Franklin Square Property
|
|
$
|
210,120
|
|
|
$
|
1.31
|
|
Greensboro Hampton Inn
|
|
|
109,541
|
|
|
|
1.39
|
|
Hanover Square North
|
|
|
95,636
|
|
|
|
0.81
|
|
Ashley Plaza Property
|
|
|
86,393
|
|
|
|
1.31
|
|
Clemson Best Western Hotel
|
|
|
83,529
|
|
|
|
1.64
|
|
Brookfield Center Property
|
|
|
77,201
|
|
|
|
2.01
|
|
|
(1)
|
Effective rate per $100 of taxable value.
|
Federal Tax Basis and Depreciation Information
The following table sets
forth certain federal tax basis and depreciation information for each of our existing properties as of September 30, 2020:
|
|
Federal
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
Depreciation
|
Property
|
|
Tax Basis (1)
|
|
|
Period
|
|
Rate / Method
|
Franklin Square Property
|
|
$
|
19,217,526
|
|
|
4 – 39 years
|
|
Straight Line
|
Greensboro Hampton Inn
|
|
|
8,536,477
|
|
|
3 – 39 years
|
|
Straight Line
|
Hanover Square North
|
|
|
9,374,500
|
|
|
7 – 39 years
|
|
Straight Line
|
Ashley Plaza Property
|
|
|
12,717,097
|
|
|
7 – 39 years
|
|
Straight Line
|
Clemson Best Western Hotel
|
|
|
8,920,782
|
|
|
7 – 39 years
|
|
Straight Line
|
Brookfield Center Property
|
|
|
6,074,333
|
|
|
7 – 39 years
|
|
Straight Line
|
Insurance
The Company carries
comprehensive liability, fire, extended coverage, business interruption and rental loss insurance covering all of the properties
in its portfolio, in addition to other coverages that may be appropriate for certain of its properties. Additionally, the Company
carries a directors and officers liability insurance policy that covers such claims made against the Company and its directors
and officers. The Company believes the policy specifications and insured limits are appropriate and adequate for its properties
given the relative risk of loss, the cost of the coverage and industry practice; however, its insurance coverage may not be sufficient
to fully cover its losses.
Competition
We are subject to significant
competition in seeking real estate investments and tenants. We compete with many third parties engaged in real estate investment
activities including other REITs, specialty finance companies, savings and loan associations, banks, mortgage bankers, insurance
companies, mutual funds, institutional investors, investment banking firms, lenders, hedge funds, governmental bodies and other
entities. We also face competition from other real estate investment programs, for investments that may be suitable for us. Many
of our competitors have substantially greater financial and other resources than we have and may have substantially more operating
experience than either us or our Manager. They also may enjoy significant competitive advantages that result from, among other
things, a lower cost of capital.
Staffing
We will be externally
managed by our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement. See “Our Manager and The Management Agreement.”
Legal Proceedings
Neither we nor, to
our knowledge, our Manager is currently subject to any legal proceedings which we or our Manager consider
to be material.
Debt Obligations
Financing Activities
Our company financed its acquisitions of
its investment properties through mortgages, as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
|
|
Property
|
|
Monthly
Payment
|
|
|
Interest
Rate
|
|
|
Maturity
|
|
September 30,
2020
|
|
Franklin Square
|
|
|
Interest only
|
|
|
|
4.70
|
%
|
|
October 2021
|
|
$
|
14,275,000
|
|
Hampton Inn (a)
|
|
|
Interest only
|
|
|
|
Variable
|
|
|
May 2022
|
|
|
10,600,000
|
|
Hanover Square (b)
|
|
$
|
51,993
|
|
|
|
4.90
|
%
|
|
December 2027
|
|
|
10,440,711
|
|
Ashley Plaza (c)
|
|
|
Interest only
|
|
|
|
3.75
|
%
|
|
September 2029
|
|
|
11,382,830
|
|
Clemson Best Western (d)
|
|
|
Interest only
|
|
|
|
Variable
|
|
|
October 2022
|
|
|
7,750,000
|
|
Brookfield Center (e)
|
|
|
Interest only
|
|
|
|
3.90
|
%
|
|
November 2029
|
|
$
|
4,850,000
|
|
|
(a)
|
The mortgage loan for the Greensboro Hampton Inn bears interest at a variable rate based on LIBOR with a minimum rate of 6.1%.
The interest rate payable is the USD LIBOR one-month rate plus 5%. As of September 30, 2020, the rate in effect for the Greensboro
Hampton Inn mortgage loan was 6.1 percent. On November 9, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the Hampton Inn Property
mortgage loan agreement extending the term of the loan by 18 months to May 9, 2022. Under the amendment, the Company made
a cash payment to reduce the mortgage loan principal amount by $200,000, resulting in a new mortgage loan principal amount of $10,400,000.
In addition, the Company deposited $250,000 in reserves with the lender. The interest rate continues to be a variable rate based
on LIBOR, but the spread over LIBOR was increased from 5 percent to 6.25 percent and the minimum rate was increased from 6.10 percent
to 6.50 percent. The amended loan includes a second option, with certain conditions, to extend the term of the mortgage loan for
one successive six month term.
|
|
(b)
|
As part of its acquisition of Hanover Square North, our company assumed a secured loan of $8,527,315 from Langley Federal Credit
Union and incurred additional mortgage debt of $372,685, also from Langley Federal Credit Union (the “Hanover Square North
Loan”). On May 8, 2020, the Company entered into a refinancing transaction with Langley Federal Credit Union. Under
this transaction, the principal amount of the loan was increased to $10,500,000 and the interest rate reduced to a fixed rate of
4.25 percent until January 1, 2023, when the interest rate will adjust to a new fixed rate which will be determined by adding
3.00 percentage points to the daily average yield on United States Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of five
years, as made available by the Federal Reserve Board, with a minimum of 4.25 percent. The Hanover Square North Loan matures on
December 1, 2027 and requires monthly payments of principal, on a 25-year amortization schedule, and interest during the term.
The Hanover Square North Loan is secured by the Developed Parcel of Hanover Square North. The mortgage loan agreement for the Hanover
Square North property includes covenants to (i) maintain a Debt Service Coverage Ratio (“DSCR”) in excess of 1.35
to 1.00 and (ii) maintain a loan-to-value of real estate ratio of 75%. As of September 30, 2020, the Company believes
that it is complaint with these covenants.
|
|
(c)
|
The mortgage loan for the Ashley Plaza Property bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.75 percent and is interest only for the
first twelve months. Beginning on October 1, 2020, the monthly payment will be $52,795 for the remaining term of the loan,
which will include interest at the fixed rate, and principal, based on a thirty-year amortization schedule.
|
|
(d)
|
The mortgage loan for the Clemson Best Western Property bears interest at a variable rate based on LIBOR with a minimum rate
of 7.15 percent. The interest rate payable is the USD LIBOR one-month rate plus 4.9 percent. As of September 30, 2020, the
rate in effect for the Clemson Best Western Property mortgage was 7.15 percent.
|
|
(e)
|
The mortgage loan for the Brookfield Center Property bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.90 percent and is interest only for
the first twelve months. Beginning on November 1, 2020, the monthly payment will be $22,876 for the remaining term of the
loan, which will include interest at the fixed rate, and principal, based on a thirty-year amortization schedule.
|
As of September 30,
2020, our company had a line of credit, short term outstanding in the principal amount of $550,000. The line of credit, short term
was established on August 21, 2019 to provide short term funding for our company’s acquisition of the Ashley Plaza Property
and the Clemson Best Western Property (see note on 2019 acquisitions, above). On August 29, 2019, our company received $1,000,000
in funding from the line of credit, short term, to fund a portion of its acquisition of the Ashley Plaza Property. On September 26,
2019, our company received $1,000,000 to fund a portion of its acquisition of the Clemson Best Western Property. The line of credit,
short term, had a six month term and matures on February 21, 2020. On February 20, 2020, the Company repaid the line
of credit, short term, in the amount of $2,000,000 plus accrued interest of $21,437. Effective on February 21, 2020, the original
maturity date of the line of credit, short term, the Company extended the line of credit, short term, for 60 days until April 21,
2020. On March 3, 2020 the Company received $550,000 in funding from the line of credit, short term, to fund working capital
and dividend payments. On April 21, 2020, the Company extended the line of credit, short term, for 40 days until May 31,
2020. On May 31, 2020, the Company extended the line of credit, short term, for 90 days until August 31, 2020. On August 12,
2020, the Company extended the line of credit, short term, until September 30, 2020. On November 9, 2020, the Company
reduced the principal balance of the line of credit, short term by $225,000, resulting in a new outstanding balance of $325,000
as of the date of this Prospectus and extended the maturity date to March 31, 2021.
The line of credit,
short term, bears interest at a variable rate calculated at 250 basis points over USD 1-Month LIBOR as published in the Wall Street
Journal. The rate adjusts on the first day of each month during which the loan is outstanding. As of September 30, 2020, the
rate in effect for the line of credit, short term, was 2.657 percent.
As of September 30,
2020, and December 31, 2019, the Company had related party notes payable, short term, outstanding in the principal amount
of $0 and $852,000, respectively. These notes, which were due on demand, were issued on September 30, 2019 in the principal
amount of $183,000 and on October 2, 2019 in the principal amount of $80,000, both to fund a portion of the Company’s
acquisition of the Brookfield Center Property, which closed on October 3, 2019. In addition, the Company issued a related
party note payable in the principal amount of $589,000 on November 29, 2019 to fund dividends and working capital requirements.
The related party notes payable bore interest at a fixed rate of 5 percent annually. On February 20, 2020, the Company repaid
the related party notes payable, short term, in the principal amount of $852,000 plus accrued interest of $11,710.
Contractual Obligations
As of September 30,
2020, we had the following material contractual obligations including estimated interest payments on our debt:
|
|
For the three
months ended
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
2021
|
|
|
2022
|
|
|
2023
|
|
|
2024
|
|
|
2025-2029
|
|
Fixed rate mortgages (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal payments
|
|
$
|
121,873
|
|
|
$
|
14,806,013
|
|
|
$
|
552,955
|
|
|
$
|
575,807
|
|
|
$
|
596,780
|
|
|
$
|
24,295,113
|
|
Interest payments
|
|
|
440,133
|
|
|
|
1,626,187
|
|
|
|
1,037,687
|
|
|
|
1,014,836
|
|
|
|
993,863
|
|
|
|
3,760,716
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjustable rate mortgage (2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal payments
|
|
|
10,600,000
|
(3)
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
7,750,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Interest payments
|
|
|
265,798
|
|
|
|
561,821
|
|
|
|
467,928
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
$
|
11,427,804
|
|
|
$
|
16,994,021
|
|
|
$
|
9,808,570
|
|
|
$
|
1,590,643
|
|
|
$
|
1,590,643
|
|
|
$
|
28,055,829
|
|
|
(1)
|
Franklin Square Property, Hanover Square North, Ashley Plaza Property and Brookfield Center Property mortgages.
|
|
(2)
|
Greensboro Hampton Inn and Clemson Best Western Property mortgages.
|
|
(3)
|
On November 9, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the Hampton Inn Property mortgage loan agreement extending
the term of the loan by 18 months to May 9, 2022. Under the amendment, the Company made a cash payment to reduce the mortgage
loan principal amount by $200,000, resulting in a new mortgage loan principal amount of $10,400,000. In addition, the Company deposited
$250,000 in reserves with the lender. The interest rate continues to be a variable rate based on LIBOR, but the spread over LIBOR
was increased from 5 percent to 6.25 percent and the minimum rate was increased from 6.10 percent to 6.5 percent. The amended loan
includes a second option, with certain conditions, to extend the term of the mortgage loan for one successive six month term.
|
POLICIES
WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN ACTIVITIES
The
following is a discussion of certain of our investment, financing and other policies. These policies have been determined by our
board of directors and may be amended or revised from time to time by our board of directors without a vote of our stockholders,
except as set forth below. However, any change to any of these policies would be made by our board of directors only after a review
and analysis of such change, in light of then-existing business and other circumstances, and then only if our directors believe,
in the exercise of their business judgment, that it is advisable to do so and in our and our stockholders’ best interests.
Our Investment Policies
Investment in Real
Estate or Interests in Real Estate
We
conduct all of our investment activities through our operating partnership and its affiliates.
We
will focus on sourcing value-add Investments in markets in which we maintain deep industry relationships and local market knowledge.
We intend to create value for investors by utilizing our relationships and local knowledge of commercial real estate investment,
management and disposition
Our
primary investment characteristics include:
|
·
|
Equity investments of $1 million to $6 million;
|
|
·
|
80% maximum leverage ratio for the portfolio;
|
|
·
|
Average property values between $5 million to $30 million;
|
|
·
|
Focus on Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida and Alabama;
|
|
·
|
Particular focus on undermanaged properties with high value-add opportunities; and
|
|
·
|
Relationship sourcing under the radar of big institutional buyers.
|
Our
investments are expected to be geographically concentrated in the southeastern part of the United States. We expect our investment
portfolio to consist of direct and indirect equity interests in individual properties and/or larger property portfolios. We will
generally target equity investments ranging from approximately $1 million to $6 million and will target approximately 80% average
leverage across our investment portfolio.
Our
investment policies give broad discretion to our Manager and officers to source, approve and consummate acquisitions. However,
our investment guidelines currently require board approval of any acquisition or other investment that: (i) requires equity
investment in excess of $10.0 million; (ii) would be leveraged, on an individual basis, more than 85%; (iii) would cause
the aggregate leverage of our portfolio to exceed 80%; or (iv) would otherwise materially differ from the investment parameters
approved by our board of directors.
Financing
The
aggregate indebtedness of our investment portfolio is expected to be approximately 70-80% of the all-in cost of all portfolio investments
(direct and indirect), depending on the product type. However, there is no maximum limit on the amount of indebtedness secured
by the portfolio investments as a whole, or any portfolio investment individually.
We
will have the ability to exercise discretion as to the types of financing structures we utilize. For example, we may obtain new
mortgage loans to finance property acquisitions, acquire properties subject to debt or otherwise incur secured or unsecured indebtedness
at the property level at any time. The use of leverage will enable us to acquire more properties than if leverage is not used.
However, leverage will also increase the risks associated with an investment in our common stock. See “Risk Factors.”
Our
Manager may also elect to enter into one or more credit facilities with financial institutions. Any such credit facility may be
unsecured or secured, including by a pledge of or security interest granted in our assets.
Disposition Terms
Investments
may be disposed of by sale on an all-cash or upon other terms as determined by our Manager in its sole discretion. We may accept
purchase money obligations and other forms of consideration (including other real properties) in exchange for one or more investments.
In connection with acquisitions or dispositions of investments, we may enter into certain guarantee or indemnification obligations
relating to environmental claims, breaches of representations and warranties, claims against certain financial defaults and other
matters, and may be required to maintain reserves against such obligations. In addition, we may dispose of less than 100% of its
ownership interest in any investment in the sole discretion of our Manager.
We
will consider all viable exit strategies for our investments, including single asset and/or portfolio sales to institutions, investment
companies, real estate investment trusts, individuals and 1031 exchange buyers.
Interested Director and Officer Transactions
Pursuant
to the MGCL, a contract or other transaction between us and a director or between us and any other corporation or other entity
in which any of our directors is a director or has a material financial interest is not void or voidable solely on the grounds
of such common directorship or interest. The common directorship or interest, the presence of such director at the meeting at which
the contract or transaction is authorized, approved or ratified or the counting of the director’s vote in favor thereof will
not render the transaction void or voidable if:
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the fact of the common directorship or interest is disclosed or known to our board of directors
or a committee of our board of directors, and our board of directors or such committee authorizes, approves or ratifies the transaction
or contract by the affirmative vote of a majority of disinterested directors, even if the disinterested directors constitute less
than a quorum;
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the fact of the common directorship or interest is disclosed or known to our stockholders entitled
to vote thereon, and the transaction is authorized, approved or ratified by a majority of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled
to vote, other than the votes of shares owned of record or beneficially by the interested director or corporation or other entity;
or
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the transaction or contract is fair and reasonable to us at the time it is authorized, ratified
or approved.
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Conflict of Interest Policies
Our
management will be subject to various conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with our Manager and its affiliates.
See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest.” We are entirely dependent upon our Manager for our
day-to-day management and do not have any independent employees. Our current executive officers and two of our directors, serve
as officers of our Manager. Messrs. Elliott and Messier each own 50% of our Manager. As a result, conflicts of interest may
arise between our Manager and its affiliates, on the one hand, and us on the other.
If our Manager sponsors
or manages any entity that has investment funds available at the same time as our company, our Manager shall inform our board of
directors of the method to be applied by our Manager in allocating investment opportunities among our company and competing investment
entities and shall provide regular updates to our board of directors of the investment opportunities provided by our Manager to
such entity in order for our board of directors to evaluate whether our Manager is allocating such opportunities in accordance
with such method.
In addition, our code
of business conduct and ethics contains a conflicts of interest policy that prohibits our directors, officers and personnel, as
well as employees and officers of our Manager and its affiliates who provide services to us, from engaging in any transaction that
involves an actual conflict of interest with us. Notwithstanding the prohibitions in our code of business conduct and ethics, after
considering the relevant facts and circumstances of any actual conflict of interest, our board of directors may, on a case-by-case
basis and in their sole discretion, waive such conflict of interest for executive officers or directors, which must be promptly
disclosed to stockholders. Waivers for other personnel may be made by unanimous consent of our Co-Presidents. Waivers of our code
of business conduct and ethics will be required to be disclosed in accordance with SEC requirements and Nasdaq Capital Market requirements,
if applicable.
Investment Parameters
We
will seek to achieve returns on our investments by pursuing a value-add strategy of repositioning, leasing, and managing multifamily,
retail, and flex-industrial properties located in our target markets. We will seek to generate overall attractive risk-adjusted
returns through our investments, a portion of which may include current-yielding investments. Our principal investment objective
will be to furnish investment capital that we or our affiliates may commit to raise for commercial real estate investments that
we will manage and potentially co-own with unrelated investors. There is no guarantee that our Manager will be able to identify
investments that will permit it to achieve such returns or investment objectives.
We
expect our investment portfolio to consist of equity interests in individual properties and/or larger property portfolios. Our
Manager will exercise control over the real estate being acquired, with affiliates of our Manager providing property management
and related services on market terms post-investment as appropriate.
PRINCIPAL
STOCKHOLDERS
The
table below sets forth, as of December 22, 2020, certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our shares of common
stock and shares of common stock issuable upon redemption of OP Units for (1) each person who is the beneficial owner of
5% or more of our outstanding shares of common stock, (2) each of our directors, director nominees and named executive officers,
and (3) all of our directors, director nominees and executive officers as a group. Each person named in the table has sole
voting and investment power with respect to all of the shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by such person, except
as otherwise set forth in the notes to the table. The address of each person is set forth in the footnotes below.
The
SEC has defined “beneficial ownership” of a security to mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of voting power
and/or investment power over such security. A stockholder is also deemed to be, as of any date, the beneficial owner of all securities
that such stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days after that date through (1) the exercise of any option, warrant
or right, (2) the conversion of a security, (3) the power to revoke a trust, discretionary account or similar arrangement
or (4) the automatic termination of a trust, discretionary account or similar arrangement. In computing the number of shares
beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, our shares of common stock subject to options or other
rights (as set forth above) held by that person that are exercisable as of the completion of this offering or will become exercisable
within 60 days thereafter, are deemed outstanding, while such shares are not deemed outstanding for purposes of computing percentage
ownership of any other person.
Name of Beneficial
Owner
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Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
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Number of
Shares and
OP Units
Beneficially
Owned
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Percentage
of all Shares(1)
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Percentage
of all Shares
on a Fully
Diluted Basis(2)
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Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program(3)
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1,151,228
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1,151,228
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23.99
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%
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23.38
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%
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Thomas Messier (4)
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127,002
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137,640
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2.65
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%
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2.80
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%
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William Elliott (4)
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128,065
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138,703
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2.67
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%
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2.82
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%
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C. Brent Winn, Jr. (4)
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34,587
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34,587
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0.72
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%
|
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0.70
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%
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Neil Farmer (4)
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34,323
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|
|
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34,323
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|
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0.72
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%
|
|
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0.70
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%
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Charles Polk, III (4)
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17,043
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27,681
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|
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0.36
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%
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|
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0.56
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%
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Charles Pearson, Jr. (4)
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17,043
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17,043
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0.36
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%
|
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0.35
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%
|
All Named Executive Officers and Directors as a Group
|
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358,063
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|
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359,977
|
|
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7.46
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%
|
|
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7.92
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%
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(1)
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Based on 4,797,968 issued and outstanding shares of common stock as of the date of this prospectus.
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(2)
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Based on 4,797,968 issued and outstanding shares of common stock as of the date of this prospectus and 125,000 shares of common stock converted from OP Units, assuming our operating partnership chooses to redeem all OP Units currently eligible for redemption in exchange for common stock of our company.
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(3)
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7501 Boulders View, Suite 210, Richmond, Virginia 23225
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(4)
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1051 E. Cary Street, Suite 601, James Center Three, Richmond, Virginia 23219
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|
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DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STOCK
The
following is a summary of the rights and preferences of our capital stock. While we believe that the following description covers
the material terms of our capital stock, the description may not contain all of the information that is important to you. We encourage
you to read carefully this entire prospectus, our charter and bylaws and the relevant provisions of Maryland law for a more complete
understanding of our capital stock. Copies of our charter and bylaws are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which
this prospectus is a part and the following summary, to the extent it relates to those documents, is qualified in its entirety
by reference thereto. See “Additional Information.”
General
Our
charter provides that we may issue up to 750,000,000 shares of common stock and 250,000,000 shares of preferred stock, both having
par value $0.01 per share. As of the date of this prospectus, 4,797,968 shares of our common stock and 200,000 shares 8.0% Series A
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, or Series A Preferred Stock, were issued and outstanding. On November 4, 2020,
we had approximately 3,301 holders of record of our common stock. This figure may not represent the actual number of beneficial
owners of our common stock because shares of our common stock are frequently held in “street name” by securities dealers
and others for the benefit of beneficial owners who may vote the shares.
Common Stock
The
shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus, when issued, will be duly authorized, fully paid and nonassessable. Our
common stock is not convertible or subject to redemption.
Holders
of our common stock:
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are entitled to receive distributions authorized by our board of directors and declared by us out
of legally available funds after payment of, or provision for, full cumulative distributions on and any required redemptions of
shares of preferred stock then outstanding;
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in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation or dissolution of our company, are entitled
to share ratably in the distributable assets of our company remaining after satisfaction of the prior preferential rights of the
preferred stock and the satisfaction of all of our debts and liabilities; and
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do not have preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund, or redemption rights or preemptive
rights to subscribe for any of our securities and generally have no appraisal rights unless our board of directors determines that
appraisal rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of shares, to one or more transactions occurring after the
date of such determination in connection with which holders of such shares would otherwise be entitled to exercise appraisal rights.
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Shares
of our common stock will be held in “uncertificated” form, which will eliminate the physical handling and safekeeping
responsibilities inherent in owning transferable stock certificates and eliminate the need to return a duly executed stock certificate
to effectuate a transfer. V Stock Transfer, LLC acts as our registrar and as the transfer agent for our shares. Transfers can be
effectuated simply by mailing to V Stock Transfer, LLC a transfer and assignment form, which will be provided to you at no charge
upon written request.
Stockholder Voting
Subject
to the restrictions on ownership and transfer of stock contained in our charter and except as may otherwise be specified in our
charter, each share of common stock will have one vote per share on all matters voted on by stockholders, including election of
directors. Because stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common
stock can elect our entire board of directors.
Generally,
the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast is necessary to take stockholder action, except that a plurality of all the
votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum is present is sufficient to elect a director and except as set forth in the next paragraph.
Under
Maryland law, a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or substantially all of its
assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business, unless approved by
the affirmative vote of stockholders holding at least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote on the matter. However, a Maryland
corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser percentage, but not less than a majority of all
of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter provides for a majority vote in these situations. Our charter further
provides that any or all of our directors may be removed from office for cause, and then only by the affirmative vote of at least
a majority of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors. For these purposes, “cause” means,
with respect to any particular director, conviction of a felony or final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction holding
that such director caused demonstrable material harm to us through bad faith or active and deliberate dishonesty.
Each
stockholder entitled to vote on a matter may do so at a meeting in person or by proxy directing the manner in which he or she desires
that his or her vote be cast or without a meeting by a consent in writing or by electronic transmission. Any proxy must be received
by us prior to the date on which the vote is taken. Pursuant to Maryland law and our bylaws, if no meeting is held, 100% of the
stockholders must consent in writing or by electronic transmission to take effective action on behalf of our company, unless the
action is advised, and submitted to the stockholders for approval, by our board of directors, in which case such action may be
approved by the consent in writing or by electronic transmission of stockholders entitled to cast not less than the minimum number
of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take the action at a meeting of stockholders.
Preferred Stock
Our
charter authorizes our board of directors, without further stockholder action, to provide for the issuance of up to 250,000,000
shares of preferred stock, in one or more classes or series, with such terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption, as our
board of directors approves. Our board of directors designated a series of preferred stock consisting of 230,000 shares designated
as Series A Preferred Stock. Our board of directors may, without notice to or the consent of holders of Series A Preferred
Stock, authorize the issuance and sale of additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock and authorize and issue additional
shares of junior stock or parity stock from time to time. The Series A Preferred Stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market
under the symbol “MDRRP.” We have available for issuance 249,770,000 authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock.
Warrants
In
connection with our offering pursuant to Regulation A in 2018, we issued warrants to Moloney Securities Co., Inc., our dealer
manager, to purchase 49,890 shares of our common stock at a price of $12.50. The warrants may be exercised any time from October 9,
2019 until July 8, 2021, subject to certain restrictions.
Convertible Debentures
In October 2020, we completed a private
placement transaction (the “Private Placement”) of the Debentures. We sold and issued the First Debenture promptly
after entering into the SPA. We anticipate selling the Second Debenture promptly after filing this Registration Statement, and
we anticipate selling and issuing the Third Debenture promptly after the SEC declares this Registration Statement effective. The
Debentures mature 12 months from their respective issuance dates and accrue interest at an annual rate equal to 5% and are due
and payable on their respective maturity dates (or sooner if the Selling Stockholder otherwise accelerates the maturity dates,
as provided for in the Debentures). Initially, the Debentures are convertible at the lower of: (i) $2.47
per share (the “Fixed Conversion Price”), or (ii) 88% of the lowest daily volume weighted average trading price
of the Company’s Common Stock during the ten trading days prior to the conversion; provided that, the Purchaser may not convert
for a price lower than $0.6175 per share (the “Floor Price”).
The Debentures are
subject to a “conversion blocker” such that the Selling Stockholder cannot convert any portion of the Debentures that
would result in the Selling Stockholder and its affiliates holding more than 4.99% of the then-issued and outstanding shares of
our Common Stock following such conversion (excluding, for purposes of such determination, shares of our Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of the Debentures that had not then been converted or exercised, respectively). The Selling Stockholder can increase
that 4.99% “conversion blocker” to 9.8% in its sole discretion upon not less than 65 days prior notice to the Company.
In addition, pursuant to rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, until such time as twenty (20) days
have elapsed from the dissemination of the Information Statement to holders of Common Stock, any issuance of Debentures by the
Company shall be restricted to converting, in an aggregate, less than twenty percent (20%) of the number of shares of Common Stock
presently outstanding.
Issuance of Additional Securities and Debt
Instruments
Our
board of directors is authorized to issue additional securities, including common stock, preferred stock, convertible preferred
stock and convertible debt, for cash, property or other consideration on such terms as they may deem advisable and to classify
or reclassify any unissued shares of capital stock of our company into other classes or series of stock without approval of the
holders of the outstanding securities. We may issue debt obligations with conversion privileges on such terms and conditions as
the directors may determine, whereby the holders of such debt obligations may acquire our common stock or preferred stock. We may
also issue warrants, options and rights to buy shares on such terms as the directors deem advisable, despite the possible dilution
in the value of the outstanding shares which may result from the exercise of such warrants, options or rights to buy shares, as
part of a ratable issue to stockholders, as part of a private or public offering or as part of other financial arrangements. Our
board of directors, with the approval of a majority of the directors and without any action by stockholders, may also amend our
charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of our stock or the number of shares of stock
of any class or series that we have authority to issue.
Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer
In
order to qualify as a REIT under the federal tax laws, we must meet several requirements concerning the ownership of our outstanding
capital stock. Specifically, no more than 50% in value of our outstanding capital stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by
five or fewer individuals, as defined in the federal income tax laws to include specified private foundations, employee benefit
plans and trusts, and charitable trusts, during the last half of a taxable year, other than our first REIT taxable year. Moreover,
100 or more persons must own our outstanding shares of capital stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months or
during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year, other than our first REIT taxable year.
Because
our board of directors believes it is essential for our company to qualify and continue to qualify as a REIT and for other corporate
purposes, our charter, subject to the exceptions described below, provides that no person may own, or be deemed to own by virtue
of the attribution provisions of the federal income tax laws, more than 9.8% of:
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the total value of the outstanding shares of our capital stock; or
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|
·
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the total value or number (whichever is more restrictive) of outstanding shares of our common stock.
|
This
limitation regarding the ownership of our shares is the “9.8% Ownership Limitation.” Further, our charter provides
for certain circumstances where our board of directors may exempt (prospectively or retroactively) a person from the 9.8% Ownership
Limitation and establish or increase an excepted holder limit for such person. This exception is the “Excepted Holder Ownership
Limitation.” Subject to certain conditions, our board of directors may also increase the 9.8% Ownership Limitation for one
or more persons and decrease the 9.8% Ownership Limitation for all other persons.
To
assist us in preserving our status as a REIT, among other purposes, our charter also contains limitations on the ownership and
transfer of shares of common stock that would:
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result in our capital stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons, determined without
reference to any rules of attribution;
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result in our company being “closely held” under the federal income tax laws; and
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·
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cause our company to own, actually or constructively, 9.8% or more of the ownership interests in
a tenant of our real property, under the federal income tax laws or otherwise fail to qualify as a REIT.
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Any
attempted transfer of our stock which, if effective, would result in our stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons
will be null and void, with the intended transferee acquiring no rights in such shares of stock. If any transfer of our stock occurs
which, if effective, would result in any person owning shares in violation of the other limitations described above (including
the 9.8% Ownership Limitation), then that number of shares the ownership of which otherwise would cause such person to violate
such limitations will automatically result in such shares being designated as shares-in-trust and transferred automatically to
a trust effective on the day before the purported transfer of such shares. The record holder of the shares that are designated
as shares-in-trust, or the prohibited owner, will be required to submit such number of shares of capital stock to our company for
registration in the name of the trust. We will designate the trustee, but it will not be affiliated with our company. The beneficiary
of the trust will be one or more charitable organizations that are named by our company. If the transfer to the trust would not
be effective for any reason to prevent a violation of the limitations on ownership and transfer, then the transfer of that number
of shares that otherwise would cause the violation will be null and void, with the intended transferee acquiring no rights in such
shares.
Shares-in-trust
will remain shares of issued and outstanding capital stock and will be entitled to the same rights and privileges as all other
stock of the same class or series. The trust will receive all dividends and other distributions on the shares-in-trust and will
hold such dividends or other distributions in trust for the benefit of the beneficiary. Any dividend or other distribution paid
prior to our discovery that shares of stock have been transferred to the trust will be paid by the recipient to the trustee upon
demand. Any dividend or other distribution authorized but unpaid will be paid when due to the trustee. The trust will vote all
shares-in-trust and, subject to Maryland law, the trustee will have the authority to rescind as void any vote cast by the proposed
transferee prior to our discovery that the shares have been transferred to the trust and to recast the vote in accordance with
the desires of the trustee acting for the benefit of the beneficiary. However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate
action, then the trustee will not have the authority to rescind and recast the vote.
Within
20 days of receiving notice from us that shares of our stock have been transferred to the trust, the trustee will sell the shares
to a person designated by the trustee, whose ownership of the shares will not violate the above ownership limitations. Upon the
sale, the interest of the beneficiary in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the
sale to the prohibited owner and to the beneficiary as follows. The prohibited owner generally will receive from the trust the
lesser of:
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the price per share such prohibited owner paid for the shares of capital stock that were designated as shares-in-trust or,
in the case of a gift or devise, the market price per share on the date of such transfer; or
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the price per share received by the trust from the sale of such shares-in-trust.
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The
trustee may reduce the amount payable to the prohibited owner by an amount equal to the dividends and other distributions that
have been paid to the prohibited owner and are owed by the prohibited owner to the trustee. The trust will distribute to the beneficiary
any amounts received by the trust in excess of the amounts to be paid to the prohibited owner. If, prior to our discovery that
shares of our stock have been transferred to the trust, the shares are sold by the proposed transferee, then the shares shall be
deemed to have been sold on behalf of the trust and, to the extent that the prohibited owner received an amount for the shares
that exceeds the amount such prohibited owner was entitled to receive, the excess shall be paid to the trustee upon demand.
In
addition, the shares-in-trust will be deemed to have been offered for sale to our company, or our designee, at a price per share
equal to the lesser of:
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the price per share in the transaction that created such shares-in-trust or, in the case of a gift
or devise, the market price per share on the date of such gift or devise; or
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the market price per share on the date that our company, or our designee, accepts such offer.
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We
may reduce the amount payable to the prohibited owner by an amount equal to the dividends and other distributions that have been
paid to the prohibited owner and are owed by the prohibited owner to the trustee. We may pay the amount of such reduction to the
trustee for the benefit of the beneficiary. We will have the right to accept such offer for a period of 90 days after the later
of the date of the purported transfer which resulted in such shares-in-trust or the date we determine in good faith that a transfer
resulting in such shares-in-trust occurred.
“Market
price” on any date means the closing price for our stock on such date. The “closing price” refers to the last
quoted price as reported by the primary securities exchange or market on which our stock is then listed or quoted for trading.
If our stock is not so listed or quoted at the time of determination of the market price, our board of directors will determine
the market price in good faith.
If
you acquire or attempt to acquire shares of our capital stock in violation of the foregoing restrictions, or if you owned common
or preferred stock that was transferred to a trust, then we will require you to give us immediate written notice of such event
or, in the case of a proposed or attempted transaction, at least 15 days written notice, and to provide us with such other information
as we may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such transfer on our status as a REIT.
If
you own, directly or indirectly, more than 5%, or such lower percentages as required under the federal income tax laws, of our
outstanding shares of stock, then you must, within 30 days after January 1 of each year, provide to us a written statement
or affidavit stating your name and address, the number of shares of capital stock owned directly or indirectly, and a description
of how such shares are held. In addition, each direct or indirect stockholder shall provide to us such additional information as
we may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such ownership on our qualification as a REIT and to ensure compliance
with the ownership limit.
The
ownership limit generally will not apply to the acquisition of shares of capital stock by an underwriter that participates in a
public offering of such shares. In addition, our board of directors, upon receipt of a ruling from the IRS or an opinion of counsel
and upon such other conditions as our board of directors may direct, including the receipt of certain representations and undertakings
required by our charter, may exempt (prospectively or retroactively) a person from the ownership limit and establish or increase
an excepted holder limit for such person. However, the ownership limit will continue to apply until our board of directors determines
that it is no longer in the best interests of our company to attempt to qualify, or to continue to qualify, as a REIT or that compliance
is no longer required for REIT qualification.
All
certificates, if any, representing our common or preferred stock, will bear a legend referring to the restrictions described above.
The
ownership limit in our charter may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a takeover or other transaction or change
in control of our company that might involve a premium price for your shares or otherwise be in your interest as a stockholder.
Upon
the closing of our IPO, our board of directors exempted the Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program, or
the Virginia Birth Injury Program, from the 9.8% ownership limit. In connection with that exemption, our board of directors set
the Virginia Birth Injury Program’s ownership limit at 32.95% of our issued and outstanding common stock. As of November 4,
2020, our top five stockholders, by share ownership, beneficially own 34.81% of our issued and outstanding
common stock. If any of these stockholders increase their holdings, we go over the 50% threshold which could result in our failure
to qualify or preserve our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. If this were to occur, your investment would be negatively
affected.
Distributions
Some
or all of our distributions may be paid from sources other than cash flow from operations, such as from the proceeds of this offering,
cash advances to us by our Manager, the sale of our assets, cash resulting from a waiver of asset management fees and borrowings
(including borrowings secured by our assets) in anticipation of future operating cash flow until such time as we have sufficient
cash flow from operations to fully fund the payment of distributions therefrom. Generally, our policy is to pay distributions from
cash flow from operations. Further, because we may receive income from interest or rents at various times during our fiscal year
and because we may need cash flow from operations during a particular period to fund capital expenditures and other expenses, we
expect that at least during the early stages of our development and from time to time during our operational stage, we will declare
distributions in anticipation of cash flow that we expect to receive during a later period and we will pay these distributions
in advance of our actual receipt of these funds. We may fund such distributions from third party borrowings, offering proceeds,
sale proceeds, advances from our Manager or sponsors or from our Manager’s deferral of its base management fee. To the extent
that we make payments or reimburse certain expenses to our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement, our cash flow and therefore
our ability to make distributions from cash flow, as well as cash flow available for investment, will be negatively impacted. In
addition, to the extent we invest in development or redevelopment projects or in properties that have significant capital requirements,
these properties will not immediately generate operating cash flow, although we intend to structure many of these investments to
provide for income to us during the development stage. Our ability to make distributions may be negatively impacted, especially
during our early periods of operation.
We
are required to make distributions sufficient to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT for tax purposes. Generally,
distributed income will not be taxable to us under the Code if we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income.
Distributions
are authorized at the discretion of our board of directors, in accordance with our earnings, cash flow, anticipated cash flow and
general financial condition. Our board of directors’ discretion will be directed, in substantial part, by its intention to
cause us to continue to qualify as a REIT.
Many
of the factors that can affect the availability and timing of cash distributions to stockholders are beyond our control, and a
change in any one factor could adversely affect our ability to pay future distributions. There can be no assurance that future
cash flow will support distributions at the rate that such distributions are paid in any particular distribution period.
Under
Maryland law, we may issue our own securities as stock dividends in lieu of making cash distributions to stockholders. We may issue
securities as stock dividends in the future.
Stock Exchange Listing
Our common stock is
currently listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MDRR.”
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The
transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is V Stock Transfer LLC. Their office is located at 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere,
New York 11598. Their telephone number is (212) 828-8436.
IMPORTANT
PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND CORPORATE LAW AND
OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS
The
following is a summary of some important provisions of Maryland law, our charter and our bylaws in effect as of the date of this
prospectus, copies of which are filed as an exhibit to the registration statement to which this prospectus relates and may also
be obtained from us.
Our Charter and Bylaws
Stockholder
rights and related matters are governed by the Maryland General Corporation Law, or MGCL, and our charter and bylaws. Provisions
of our charter and bylaws, which are summarized below, may make it more difficult to change the composition of our board of directors
and may discourage or make more difficult any attempt by a person or group to obtain control of our company.
Stockholders’
Meetings
An
annual meeting of our stockholders will be held each year on the date and at the time and place set by our board of directors for
the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting. A special
meeting of our stockholders may be called in the manner provided in the bylaws, including by the president, the chief executive
officer, the chairman of our board of directors, or our board of directors, and, subject to certain procedural requirements set
forth in our bylaws, must be called by the secretary to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders
upon written request of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at
such meeting. Subject to the restrictions on ownership and transfer of stock contained in our charter and except as may otherwise
be specified in our charter, at any meeting of the stockholders, each outstanding share of common stock entitles the owner of record
thereof on the applicable record date to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. In general, the presence
in person or by proxy of a majority of our outstanding shares of common stock entitled to vote constitutes a quorum, and the majority
vote of our stockholders will be binding on all of our stockholders.
Our Board of Directors
A vacancy
in our board of directors caused by the death, resignation or incapacity of a director or by an increase in the number of directors
may be filled only by the vote of a majority of the remaining directors, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum,
and any director elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy
occurred. Any director may resign at any time and may be removed only for cause, and then only by our stockholders entitled to
cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors.
Each
director will serve a term beginning on the date of his or her election and ending on the next annual meeting of the stockholders
and when his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies. Because holders of common stock have no right to cumulative voting
for the election of directors, at each annual meeting of stockholders, the holders of the shares of common stock with a majority
of the voting power of the common stock will be able to elect all of the directors.
Limitation of Liability
and Indemnification
Maryland
law permits us to include in our charter a provision limiting the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders
for money damages, except for liability resulting from (1) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property
or services or (2) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material to the cause of
action.
Maryland
law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer
who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened
to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity and permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former
directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred
by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made or threatened to be made a party by reason of their service
in those or other capacities unless it is established that:
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the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed
in bad faith or (2) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty;
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the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or
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in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was
unlawful.
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However,
a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment
of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and
then only for expenses.
Finally,
Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of a written affirmation
by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification
and a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined
that the standard of conduct was not met.
To
the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, our charter limits the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders
for monetary damages and our charter authorizes us to obligate ourselves to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination
of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding
to our directors, our officers, and our Manager (including any director or officer who is or was serving at the request of our
company as a director, officer, partner, member, manager or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership,
limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise). In addition, our bylaws require us
to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors and our officers, and permit us, with the approval of our board of directors,
to provide such indemnification and advance of expenses to any individual who served a predecessor of us in any of the capacities
described above and to any employee or agent of us, including our Manager, or a predecessor of us.
However,
the SEC takes the position that indemnification against liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and
unenforceable.
We
may also purchase and maintain insurance to indemnify such parties against the liability assumed by them whether or not we are
required or have the power to indemnify them against this same liability.
Takeover Provisions
of the MGCL
The
following paragraphs summarize some provisions of Maryland law and our charter and bylaws which may delay, defer or prevent a transaction
or a change of control of our company that might involve a premium price for our stockholders.
Business Combinations
Under
the MGCL, certain “business combinations” (including a merger, consolidation, share exchange or, in certain circumstances,
an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities) between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder
(defined as any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s then outstanding voting
stock or an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question,
was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then-outstanding stock of the corporation) or an affiliate of
such an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes
an interested stockholder. A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if our board of directors approved in advance
the transaction by which the person otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction
our board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms
and conditions determined by our board of directors. After the five-year prohibition, any such business combination must be recommended
by our board of directors of such corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least (1) 80% of the votes entitled
to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation and (2) two-thirds of the votes entitled to
be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than voting stock held by the interested stockholder with whom (or
with whose affiliate) the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder,
unless, among other conditions, the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price (as defined in the MGCL) for
their shares and the consideration is received in cash or in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for
its shares. These provisions of the MGCL do not apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by our board
of directors prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder.
Pursuant
to the statute, our board of directors has opted out of these provisions of the MGCL provided that the business combination is
first approved by our board of directors, in which case, the five-year prohibition and the super-majority vote requirements will
not apply to business combinations between us and any person. As a result, any person may be able to enter into business combinations
with us that may not be in the best interest of our stockholders without compliance by our company with the super-majority vote
requirements and the other provisions of the statute.
Control Share Acquisitions
The
MGCL provides that “control shares” of a Maryland corporation acquired in a “control share acquisition”
have no voting rights except to the extent approved at a special meeting by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled
to be cast on the matter, excluding shares of stock in a corporation in respect of which any of the following persons is entitled
to exercise or direct the exercise of the voting power of shares of stock of the corporation in the election of directors:
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a person who makes or proposes to make a control share acquisition;
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an officer of the corporation; or
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an employee of the corporation who is also a director of the corporation.
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“Control
shares” are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other such shares of stock previously acquired by the acquirer
or in respect of which the acquirer is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable
proxy), would entitle the acquirer to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting
power:
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one-tenth or more but less than one-third;
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one-third or more but less than a majority; or
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a majority or more of all voting power.
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Control
shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder
approval. A “control share acquisition” means the acquisition of issued and outstanding control shares, subject to
certain exceptions.
A person
who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition, upon satisfaction of certain conditions (including an undertaking
to pay expenses), may compel our board of directors to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand
to consider the voting rights of the shares. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question
at any stockholders meeting.
If
voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required
by the statute, then, subject to certain conditions and limitations, the corporation may redeem any or all of the control shares
(except those for which voting rights have previously been approved) for fair value determined without regard to the absence of
voting rights for the control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquirer or of any meeting of
stockholders at which the voting rights of such shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are
approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquirer becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other
stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of such appraisal rights may
not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquirer in the control share acquisition.
The
control share acquisition statute does not apply to (1) shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the
corporation is a party to the transaction or (2) acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation.
Our
bylaws contain a provision exempting from the control share acquisition statute any and all acquisitions by any person of our stock.
We cannot assure you that such provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.
Subtitle 8
Subtitle
8 of Title 3 of the MGCL permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act and
at least three independent directors to elect to be subject, by provision in its charter or bylaws or a resolution of its board
of directors and notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or bylaws, to any or all of the following five provisions:
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a classified board of directors;
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a two-thirds vote requirement for removing a director;
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a requirement that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the directors;
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a requirement that a vacancy on the board of directors be filled only by the remaining directors
and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred; and
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a majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of stockholders.
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We
have elected to provide that vacancies on our board of directors may be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder
of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred. Through provisions in our charter and bylaws unrelated to Subtitle
8, we already vest in our board of directors the exclusive power to fix the number of directorships and require, unless called
by the president, the chief executive officer, the chairman of our board of directors or our board of directors, the request of
stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on any matter that may properly be considered
at a meeting of stockholders to call a special meeting to act on such matter.
Dissolution or Termination
of Our Company
We
are an infinite-life corporation that may be dissolved under the MGCL at any time by the affirmative vote of a majority of our
entire board and of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our operating
partnership has a perpetual existence.
Advance Notice of Director
Nominations and New Business
Our
bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of individuals for election to our board of
directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (1) pursuant to our notice of the
meeting, (2) by or at the direction of our board of directors or (3) by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record
both at the time of giving the advance notice required by our bylaws and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at
the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated or on such other business and who has complied with the advance notice
procedures of the bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting
may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to our board of directors at a special meeting may be
made only (1) by or at the direction of our board of directors or (2) provided that the special meeting has been called
in accordance with our bylaws for the purpose of electing directors, by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record both at the
time of giving the advance notice required by our bylaws and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting
in the election of each individual so nominated and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the bylaws.
THE
OPERATING PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
General
Medalist
Diversified Holdings, L.P., which we refer to as our operating partnership, was formed as a Delaware limited partnership on September 29,
2015. Substantially all of our assets are held by, and substantially all of our operations are conducted through, our operating
partnership. We have entered into an agreement of limited partnership of our operating partnership, or the Limited Partnership
Agreement, as the general partner and initial limited partner of our operating partnership. Pursuant to the Limited Partnership
Agreement, we are the sole general partner of the operating partnership.
As
the general partner of our operating partnership, we have full, exclusive and complete responsibility and discretion in the management
and control of the operating partnership, including the ability to cause the operating partnership to enter into certain major
transactions, including acquisitions, dispositions, re-financings, select tenants for our properties, enter into leases for our
properties, make distributions to partners, and cause changes in the operating partnership’s business activities.
The
limited partners of our operating partnership have no authority in their capacity as limited partners to transact business for,
or participate in the management activities or decisions of, our operating partnership except as required by applicable law. Consequently,
we, by virtue of our position as the sole general partner, control the assets and business of our operating partnership.
In
the Limited Partnership Agreement, the limited partners of our operating partnership expressly acknowledge that we, as general
partner of our operating partnership, are acting for the benefit of our operating partnership, the limited partners and our stockholders,
collectively. Neither us nor our board of directors is under any obligation to give priority to the separate interests of the limited
partners in deciding whether to cause our operating partnership to take or decline to take any actions. In particular, we will
be under no obligation to consider the tax consequence to limited partners when making decisions for the benefit of our operating
partnership, but we are expressly permitted to take into account our tax consequences. If there is a conflict between the interests
of our stockholders, on one hand, and the interests of the limited partners, on the other, we will endeavor in good faith to resolve
the conflict in a manner not adverse to either our stockholders or the limited partners; provided, however, that for so long as
we own a controlling interest in our operating partnership, we have agreed to resolve any conflict that cannot be resolved in a
manner not adverse to either our stockholders or the limited partners in favor of our stockholders. We are not liable under the
Limited Partnership Agreement to our operating partnership or to any partner for monetary damages for losses sustained, liabilities
incurred, or benefits not derived by limited partners in connection with such decisions so long as we have acted in good faith.
Units
Subject
to our discretion as general partner to create additional classes of limited partnership interests, our operating partnership initially
has three classes of limited partnership interests. These classes are the OP Units, the LTIP units and the Series A Preferred
Units. See “— LTIP Units” below.
We
expect that our operating partnership will issue OP Units to limited partners, including us, in exchange for capital contributions
of cash or property, and that our operating partnership will issue LTIP units, including pursuant to any equity incentive plan
adopted by our board of directors, to persons who provide services to us, including our officers, directors and employees. As of
the date of this prospectus, 218,850 OP Units were outstanding which were issued in connection with the contribution of ownership
interests in the Greensboro Hampton Inn property. Of the 218,850 outstanding OP Unites, 125,000 OP Units are currently eligible
for conversion to cash or common stock, at the election of our company.
The
Limited Partnership Agreement authorizes the issuance
of up to 230,000 8.0% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units (the
“Series A Preferred Units”). The Series A Preferred Units have economic terms that mirror the terms of the
Series A Preferred Stock and rank, as to distributions and upon liquidation, senior to the OP Units. As of the date of this
prospectus, 200,000 Series A Preferred Units are outstanding.
As
general partner, we may cause our operating partnership to issue additional OP Units or LTIP units for any consideration, or we
may cause the creation of a new class of limited partnership interests, at our sole and absolute discretion. As general partner,
we may elect to issue LTIP units subject to vesting agreements, which may provide that a recipient’s rights in such LTIP
units vest over time, vest based upon our company’s performance or vest based upon any other conditions that we determine.
The only difference between vested and unvested LTIP units is that unvested LTIP units may not be converted into OP Units.
Taking
these differences into account, when we refer to “partnership units,” we are referring to OP Units and vested and unvested
LTIP units collectively.
Amendments to the Limited
Partnership Agreement
Amendments
to the Limited Partnership Agreement may be proposed by us, as general partner, or by limited partners holding 66 2/3% or more
of all of the outstanding partnership units held by limited partners other than us.
Generally,
the Limited Partnership Agreement may not be amended, modified, or terminated without our approval and the written consent of limited
partners holding more than 50% of all of the outstanding partnership units held by limited partners other than us. As general partner,
we will have the power to unilaterally make certain amendments to the Limited Partnership Agreement without obtaining the consent
of the limited partners, as may be necessary to:
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add to our obligations as general partner or surrender any right or power granted to us as general
partner for the benefit of the limited partners;
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reflect the issuance of additional partnership units or the admission, substitution, termination
or withdrawal of partners in accordance with the terms of the Limited Partnership Agreement;
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set forth or amend the designations, rights, powers, duties, and preferences of the holders of
any additional partnership units issued by our operating partnership;
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reflect a change of an inconsequential nature that does not adversely affect the limited partners
in any material respect, or cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any provisions of the Limited Partnership Agreement not inconsistent
with law or with other provisions of the Limited Partnership Agreement, or make other changes concerning matters under the Limited
Partnership Agreement that will not otherwise be inconsistent with the Limited Partnership Agreement or law;
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reflect changes that are reasonably necessary for us, as general partner, to qualify and maintain
our qualification as a REIT;
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modify the manner in which capital accounts are computed;
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include provisions referenced in future federal income tax guidance relating to compensatory partnership
interests that we determine are reasonably necessary in respect of such guidance; or
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satisfy any requirements, conditions or guidelines of federal or state law.
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Amendments
that would, among other things, convert a limited partner’s interest into a general partner’s interest, adversely modify
the limited liability of a limited partner, adversely alter a partner’s right to receive any distributions or allocations
of profits or losses or adversely alter or modify the redemption rights, must be approved by each limited partner that would be
adversely affected by such amendment.
In
addition, we, as general partner, may not do any of the following except as expressly authorized in the Limited Partnership Agreement:
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without the written consent of limited partners holding more than 66 2/3% of all of the outstanding
partnership units held by limited partners other than us, take any action in contravention of an express prohibition or limitation
contained in the Limited Partnership Agreement;
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enter into or conduct any business other than in connection with our role as general partner of
our operating partnership and our operation as a REIT;
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acquire an interest in real or personal property other than through our operating partnership;
or
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except as described in “— Restrictions on Mergers, Sales, Transfers and Other Significant
Transactions” below, withdraw from our operating partnership or transfer any portion of our general partnership interest.
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Restrictions on Mergers,
Sales, Transfers and Other Significant Transactions
We
may not voluntarily withdraw from the operating partnership or transfer or assign our general partnership interest in the operating
partnership or engage in any merger, consolidation or other combination, or sale of all, or substantially all, of our assets in
a transaction which results in a change of control of our company (as general partner) unless:
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we receive the consent of limited partners holding more than 50% of the partnership units held
by the limited partners (other than those held by us or our subsidiaries);
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as a result of such a transaction, all limited partners (other than us or our subsidiaries) holding
partnership units, will receive for each partnership unit an amount of cash, securities or other property equal in value to the
amount of cash, securities or other property they would have received if their partnership units had been converted into shares
of our common stock immediately prior to such transaction, provided that if, in connection with the transaction, a purchase, tender
or exchange offer shall have been made to, and accepted by, the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of our common
stock, each holder of OP Units (other than us or our subsidiaries) shall be given the option to exchange such OP Units for the
greatest amount of cash, securities or other property that a limited partner would have received had it (A) exercised its
redemption right (described below) and (B) sold, tendered or exchanged pursuant to the offer shares of our common stock received
upon exercise of the redemption right immediately prior to the expiration of the offer; or
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we are the surviving entity in the transaction and either (A) our stockholders do not receive
cash, securities or other property in the transaction or (B) all limited partners (other than us or our subsidiaries) receive
for each partnership unit an amount of cash, securities or other property having a value that is no less than the greatest amount
of cash, securities or other property received in the transaction by our stockholders.
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also may merge or consolidate with another entity, if immediately after such merger or consolidation (i) substantially all
of the assets of the successor or surviving entity, other than OP Units held by us, are contributed, directly or indirectly, to
our operating partnership as a capital contribution in exchange for OP Units with a fair market value equal to the value of the
assets so contributed as determined by the survivor in good faith and (ii) the survivor in such merger or consolidation expressly
agrees to assume all of our obligations under our Limited Partnership Agreement and such Limited Partnership Agreement shall be
amended after any such merger or consolidation so as to arrive at a new method of calculating the amounts payable upon exercise
of conversion or redemption rights that approximates the existing method for such calculation as closely as reasonably possible.
We
also may (i) transfer all or any portion of our general partnership interest to (A) a wholly owned subsidiary or (B) a
parent company and following such transfer may withdraw as the general partner and (ii) engage in a transaction required by
law or by the rules of any national securities exchange on which shares of our common stock are listed.
Limited
partners may not transfer their partnership units without our consent, as the operating partnership’s general partner.
Capital Contributions
We
will contribute directly to our operating partnership substantially all of the net proceeds of this offering in exchange for additional
OP Units; however, we will be deemed to have made capital contributions in the amount of the gross offering proceeds received from
investors. The operating partnership will be deemed to have simultaneously paid commissions and other costs associated with the
offering.
As
a result of this structure and upon our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we will be an UPREIT, or an umbrella
partnership real estate investment trust. An UPREIT is a structure that REITs often use to acquire real property from sellers on
a tax-deferred basis because the sellers can generally accept partnership units and defer taxable gain otherwise required to be
recognized by them upon the disposition of their properties. Such sellers may also desire to achieve diversity in their investment
and other benefits afforded to stockholders in a REIT. Our operating partnership is treated as having two or more partners for
federal income tax purposes, is treated as a partnership, and the REIT’s proportionate share of the assets and income of
the operating partnership is deemed to be assets and income of the REIT for purposes of satisfying the asset and income tests for
qualification as a REIT.
We
are obligated to contribute the net proceeds of any future offering of shares as additional capital to our operating partnership.
If we contribute additional capital to our operating partnership, we will receive additional OP Units and our percentage interest
will be increased on a proportionate basis based upon the amount of such additional capital contributions and the value of the
operating partnership at the time of such contributions. Conversely, the percentage interests of the limited partners will be decreased
on a proportionate basis in the event of additional capital contributions by us. The Limited Partnership Agreement provides that
if the operating partnership requires additional funds at any time in excess of funds available to the operating partnership from
cash flow, borrowings by our operating partnership or capital contributions, we may borrow such funds from a financial institution
or other lenders and lend such funds to the operating partnership on the same terms and conditions as are applicable to our borrowing
of such funds. In addition, if we contribute additional capital to the operating partnership, we will revalue the property of the
operating partnership to its fair market value (as determined by us) and the capital accounts of the partners will be adjusted
to reflect the manner in which the unrealized gain or loss inherent in such property (that has not been reflected in the capital
accounts previously) would be allocated among the partners under the terms of the Limited Partnership Agreement, if there were
a taxable disposition of such property for its fair market value (as determined by us) on the date of the revaluation.
Issuance of Additional
Limited Partnership Interests
As
the sole general partner of our operating partnership, we are authorized, without the consent of the limited partners, to cause
our operating partnership to issue additional units to us, to other limited partners or to other persons for such consideration
and on such terms and conditions as we deem appropriate. If additional units are issued to us, then, unless the additional units
are issued in connection with a contribution of property to our operating partnership, we must (1) issue additional shares
of our common stock and must contribute to our operating partnership the entire proceeds received by us from such issuance or (2) issue
additional units to all partners in proportion to their respective interests in our operating partnership. In addition, we may
cause our operating partnership to issue to us additional partnership interests in different series or classes, which may be senior
to the units, in conjunction with an offering of our securities having substantially similar rights, in which the proceeds thereof
are contributed to our operating partnership. Consideration for additional partnership interests may be cash or other property
or assets. No person, including any partner or assignee, has preemptive, preferential or similar rights with respect to additional
capital contributions to our operating partnership or the issuance or sale of any partnership interests therein.
Our
operating partnership may issue limited partnership interests that are OP Units, limited partnership interests that are preferred
as to distributions and upon liquidation to our OP Units, LTIP Units and other types of units with such rights and obligations
as may be established by us, as the sole general partner of our operating partnership, from time to time.
Redemption Rights
Pursuant
to the Limited Partnership Agreement, any holders of OP Units, other than us or our subsidiaries, will receive redemption rights,
which will enable them to cause the operating partnership to redeem their OP Units in exchange for cash or, at our option, shares
of our common stock. The cash redemption amount per share of common stock will be based on the market price of our common stock
at the time of redemption, multiplied by the conversion ratio set forth in our Limited Partnership Agreement. Alternatively, we
may elect to purchase the OP Units by issuing shares of our common stock for OP Units, based on the conversion ratio set forth
in our Limited Partnership Agreement.
The
conversion ratio is initially one to one but is adjusted based on certain events including: (i) a distribution in shares of
our common stock to holders of our outstanding common stock, (ii) a subdivision of our outstanding common stock, or (iii) a
reverse split of our outstanding shares of common stock into a smaller number of shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a limited
partner will not be entitled to exercise its redemption rights if the delivery of shares of our common stock to the redeeming limited
partner would:
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result in any person owning, directly or indirectly, shares of our common stock in excess of the
stock ownership limit in our charter;
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result in our common stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons (determined without
reference to any rules of attribution);
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result in our being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of
the Code;
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cause us to own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant
(other than a TRS) of ours, the operating partnership’s or a subsidiary partnership’s real property, within the meaning
of Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code;
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cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT under the Code; or
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cause the acquisition of our common stock by such redeeming limited partner to be “integrated”
with any other distribution of common stock for purposes of complying with the registration provisions of the Securities Act.
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We
may, in our sole and absolute discretion, waive certain of these restrictions.
Subject
to the foregoing, limited partners of our operating partnership holding OP Units may exercise their redemption rights at any time
after one year following the date of issuance of their OP Units. However, a limited partner may not deliver more than two notices
of redemption during each calendar year (subject to the terms of any agreement between us, as general partner, and a limited partner)
and may not exercise its redemption right for less than 1,000 OP Units, unless such limited partner holds less than 1,000 OP Units,
in which case, it must exercise its redemption right for all of its OP Units. We do not expect to issue any shares of our common
stock offered hereby to the limited partners of the operating partnership in exchange for their OP Units, if they elect to redeem
their OP Units. Rather, in the event a limited partner of our operating partnership exercises its redemption rights, and we elect
to redeem the OP Units by the issuance of shares of our common stock, we expect to issue unregistered shares, or shares that shall
have been registered after completion of this offering in connection with any such redemption transaction.
No Removal of the General
Partner
We
may not be removed as general partner by the limited partners with or without cause.
LTIP Units
In
general, LTIP units, a class of partnership units in our operating partnership, will receive the same per-unit distributions as
the OP Units. Initially, each LTIP unit will have a capital account balance of zero and, therefore, will not have full parity with
OP Units with respect to liquidating distributions. However, our Limited Partnership Agreement provides that “book gain,”
or economic appreciation, in our assets realized by our operating partnership as a result of the actual sale of all or substantially
all of our operating partnership’s assets or the revaluation of our operating partnership’s assets as provided by applicable
U.S. Department of Treasury regulations, or Treasury Regulations, will be allocated first to the LTIP unit holders until the capital
account per LTIP unit is equal to the average capital account per-unit of the general partner’s OP Units in our operating
partnership.
Our
Limited Partnership Agreement provides that our operating partnership’s assets will be revalued upon the occurrence of certain
events, specifically additional capital contributions by us or other partners, the redemption of a partnership interest, a liquidation
(as defined in the Treasury Regulations) of our operating partnership or the issuance of a partnership interest (including LTIP
units) to a new or existing partner as consideration for the provision of services to, or for the benefit of, our operating partnership.
Upon
equalization of the capital accounts of the LTIP unit holders with the average per-unit capital account of the general partner’s
OP Units, the LTIP Units will achieve full parity with OP Units for all purposes, including with respect to liquidating distributions.
If such parity is reached, vested LTIP Units may be converted into an equal number of OP Units at any time, and thereafter enjoy
all the rights of OP Units. If a sale or revaluation of assets occurs at a time when our operating partnership’s assets have
appreciated sufficiently since the last revaluation, the LTIP Units would achieve full parity with the OP Units upon such sale
or revaluation. In the absence of sufficient appreciation in the value of our operating partnership’s assets at the time
of a sale or revaluation, full parity would not be reached.
Consequently,
an LTIP Unit may never become convertible because the value of our operating partnership’s assets has not appreciated sufficiently
between revaluations to equalize capital accounts. Until and unless parity is reached, the value for a given number of vested LTIP
Units will be less than the value of an equal number of our shares of common stock.
Operations
Our
Limited Partnership Agreement requires that our operating partnership be operated in a manner that will enable us to (1) satisfy
the requirements for qualification as a REIT for tax purposes, (2) avoid any U.S. federal income or excise tax liability,
and (3) ensure that our operating partnership will not be classified as a “publicly traded partnership” for purposes
of Section 7704 of the Code, which classification could result in our operating partnership being taxed as a corporation,
rather than as a partnership.
Rights, Obligations
and Powers of the General Partner
As
our operating partnership’s general partner, generally we have complete and exclusive discretion to manage and control our
operating partnership’s business and to make all decisions affecting its assets. This authority generally includes, among
other things, the authority to:
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acquire, purchase, own, operate, lease and dispose of any real property and any other property;
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construct buildings and make other improvements on owned or leased properties;
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authorize, issue, sell, redeem or otherwise purchase any OP Units or any securities of the partnership;
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make or revoke any tax election;
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maintain insurance coverage in amounts and types as we determine is necessary;
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retain employees or other service providers;
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form or acquire interests in joint ventures; and
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merge, consolidate or combine our operating partnership with another entity.
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In
addition to the administrative and operating costs and expenses incurred by the operating partnership, the operating partnership
generally will pay all of our administrative costs and expenses, including:
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all expenses relating to our continuity of existence and our subsidiaries’ operations;
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all expenses relating to offerings and registration of securities;
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all expenses associated with the preparation and filing of any of our periodic or other reports
and communications under U.S. federal, state or local laws or regulations;
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all expenses associated with our compliance with laws, rules and regulations promulgated by
any regulatory body; and
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all of our other operating or administrative costs incurred in the ordinary course of business
on behalf of the operating partnership.
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These
expenses, however, do not include any of our administrative and operating costs and expenses incurred that are attributable to
properties or interests in subsidiaries that are owned by us directly rather than by the operating partnership or its subsidiaries.
Fiduciary Responsibilities
of the General Partner
Our
directors and officers have duties under applicable Maryland law to manage us in a manner consistent with the best interests of
our stockholders. At the same time, we, as the general partner of our operating partnership, will have fiduciary duties to manage
our operating partnership in a manner beneficial to our operating partnership and its partners. Our duties, as general partner
to our operating partnership and its limited partners, therefore, may come into conflict with the duties of our directors and officers
to our stockholders. In the event that a conflict of interest exists between the interests of our stockholders, on the one hand,
and our operating partnership’s limited partners, on the other, we will endeavor in good faith to resolve the conflict in
a manner not adverse to either our stockholders or such limited partners. However, any such conflict that we determine cannot be
resolved in a manner not adverse to either our stockholders or such limited partners shall be resolved in favor of our stockholders.
The limited partners of our operating partnership will acknowledge expressly that in the event of such a determination by us, as
the general partner of our operating partnership, we shall not be liable to such limited partners for losses sustained or benefits
not realized in connection with, or as a result of, such a determination.
Distributions; Allocations
of Profits and Losses
Our
Limited Partnership Agreement provides that our operating partnership will distribute cash from operations at times and in amounts
determined by us, as the sole general partner of our operating partnership, in our sole discretion, to the partners, in accordance
with their respective percentage interests in our operating partnership. We will cause our operating partnership to distribute
annually to us amounts sufficient to allow us to satisfy the annual distribution requirements necessary for us to qualify as a
REIT, currently 90% of our REIT taxable income. We generally intend to cause our operating partnership to distribute annually to
us an amount equal to at least 100% of our net taxable income, which we will then distribute to our stockholders, but we will be
subject to corporate taxation to the extent distributions in such amounts are not made. Upon liquidation of our operating partnership,
after payment of, or adequate provision for, debts and obligations of our operating partnership, including any partner loans, any
remaining assets of our operating partnership will be distributed to all partners with positive capital accounts in accordance
with their respective positive capital account balances. If any partner has a deficit balance in its capital account (after giving
effect to all contributions, distributions and allocations for all taxable years, including the year during which such liquidation
occurs), such partner shall have no obligation to make any contribution to the capital of our operating partnership with respect
to such deficit, and such deficit shall not be considered a debt owed to our operating partnership or to any other person for any
purpose whatsoever.
Income,
expenses, gains and losses of our operating partnership will generally be allocated among the partners in a manner consistent with
the distribution of cash described in the paragraph above. All such allocations are subject to compliance with the provisions of
Sections 704(b) and 704(c) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder. To the extent Treasury Regulations promulgated
pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code permit, we, as the general partner, shall have the authority to elect the method
to be used by the operating partnership for allocating items with respect to contributed property acquired in connection with this
offering for which fair market value differs from the adjusted tax basis at the time of contribution, and such election shall be
binding on all partners.
Term and Termination
Our
operating partnership will continue indefinitely, or until sooner dissolved upon:
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our bankruptcy, dissolution, removal or withdrawal (unless the limited partners elect to continue
the partnership);
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the passage of 90 days after the sale or other disposition of all, or substantially all, of the
assets of the partnership;
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the redemption of all limited partnership interests (other than those held by us or our subsidiaries)
unless we decide to continue the partnership by the admission of one or more limited partners; or
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an election by us in our capacity as the general partner.
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Tax Matters
Our
Limited Partnership Agreement provides that we, as the sole general partner of the operating partnership, will be the partnership
representative of the operating partnership and, as such, will have authority to handle tax audits and to make tax elections under
the Code on behalf of the operating partnership.
mATERIAL
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
This
section summarizes the material federal income tax considerations that you, as a stockholder, may consider relevant in connection
with the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock. Kaplan Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC, or our tax counsel,
has reviewed this summary, and is of the opinion that the discussion contained herein is accurate in all material respects. Because
this section is a summary, it does not address all aspects of taxation that may be relevant to particular stockholders in light
of their personal investment or tax circumstances, or to certain types of stockholders that are subject to special treatment under
the U.S. federal income tax laws, such as:
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tax-exempt organizations (except to the limited extent discussed in “— Taxation of
Tax-Exempt Stockholders” below);
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financial institutions or broker-dealers;
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non-U.S. individuals and foreign corporations (except to the limited extent discussed in “—
Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders” below);
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persons who mark-to-market our common stock;
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subchapter S corporations;
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U.S. stockholders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;
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regulated investment companies and REITs;
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holders who receive our common stock through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise
as compensation;
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persons holding our common stock as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “conversion
transaction,” “synthetic security” or other integrated investment;
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persons subject to the alternative minimum tax provisions of the Code; and
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persons holding our common stock through a partnership or similar pass-through entity.
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This
summary assumes that stockholders hold shares as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which generally means property
held for investment.
The
statements in this section are not intended to be, and should not be construed as, tax advice. The statements in this section based
on the Code, current, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, the legislative history of the Code, current administrative
interpretations and practices of the IRS, and court decisions. The reference to IRS interpretations and practices includes the
IRS practices and policies endorsed in private letter rulings, which are not binding on the IRS except with respect to the taxpayer
that receives the ruling. In each case, these sources are relied upon as they exist on the date of this discussion. Future legislation,
Treasury regulations, administrative interpretations and court decisions could change the current law or adversely affect existing
interpretations of current law on which the information in this section is based. Any such change could apply retroactively. We
have not received any rulings from the IRS concerning our qualification as a REIT. Accordingly, even if there is no change in the
applicable law, no assurance can be provided that the statements made in the following discussion, which do not bind the IRS or
the courts, will not be challenged by the IRS or will be sustained by a court if so challenged.
WE
URGE YOU TO CONSULT YOUR TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES TO YOU OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND SALE OF OUR
COMMON STOCK AND OF OUR ELECTION TO BE TAXED AS A REIT. SPECIFICALLY, YOU ARE URGED TO CONSULT YOUR OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE
FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, FOREIGN, AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES OF SUCH PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP, SALE AND ELECTION, AND REGARDING POTENTIAL
CHANGES IN APPLICABLE TAX LAWS.
Taxation of Our Company
Beginning
with our taxable year ended December 31, 2017, we believe that we have operated in a manner qualifying us as a REIT, and we
have elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We believe that, commencing with such taxable year, we will
be organized and will operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT under the federal income tax laws. We cannot assure you, however,
that we will qualify or remain qualified as a REIT. This section discusses the laws governing the federal income tax treatment
of a REIT and its stockholders, which laws are highly technical and complex.
Kaplan
Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC has acted as tax counsel to us in connection with this offering. Tax counsel is of the
opinion that we qualified to be taxed as a REIT under federal income tax laws for our taxable year ended December 31, 2017
and our organization and current and proposed method of operation will enable us to continue to qualify us as a REIT for future
taxable years. Tax counsel’s opinion is based solely on our representations with respect to factual matters concerning our
business operations and our properties. Tax counsel has not independently verified these facts. In addition, our qualification
as a REIT depends, among other things, upon our meeting the requirements of Sections 856 through 860 of the Code throughout each
year. Accordingly, because our satisfaction of such requirements will depend upon future events, including the final determination
of financial and operational results, no assurance can be given that we will satisfy the REIT requirements during any particular
taxable year.
Our
REIT qualification depends on our ability to meet on a continuing basis several qualification tests set forth in the federal tax
laws. Those qualification tests involve the percentage of income that we earn from specified sources, the percentage of our assets
that fall within specified categories, the diversity of our share ownership, and the percentage of our earnings that we distribute.
We describe the REIT qualification tests, and the consequences of our failure to meet those tests, in more detail below. Tax counsel
will not review our compliance with those tests on a continuing basis. Accordingly, neither we nor tax counsel can assure you that
we will satisfy those tests.
If
we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on the taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders.
The benefit of that tax treatment is that it avoids the “double taxation,” which means taxation at both the corporate
and stockholder levels, that generally results from owning stock in a corporation.
However,
we will be subject to U.S. federal tax in the following circumstances:
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We will pay U.S. federal income tax on any taxable income, including net capital gain, that we
do not distribute to stockholders during, or within a specified time period after, the calendar year in which the income is earned.
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We will pay income tax at the highest corporate rate on:
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net income from the sale or other disposition of property acquired through foreclosure (“foreclosure
property”) that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, and
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other non-qualifying income from foreclosure property.
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We will pay a 100% tax on net income from sales or other dispositions of property, other than foreclosure
property, that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business.
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If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test, as
described below under “— Gross Income Tests,” and nonetheless continue to qualify as a REIT because we meet other
requirements, we will pay a 100% tax on the gross income attributable to the greater of the amount by which we fail the 75% gross
income test or the 95% gross income test, in either case, multiplied by a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.
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If we fail to distribute during a calendar year at least the sum of (1) 85% of our REIT ordinary
income for the year, (2) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for the year, and (3) any undistributed taxable income
required to be distributed from earlier periods, we will pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the excess of the required distribution
over the amount we actually distributed.
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We may elect to retain and pay income tax on our net long-term capital gain. In that case, a stockholder
would be taxed on its proportionate share of our undistributed long-term capital gain (to the extent that we made a timely designation
of such gain to the stockholders) and would receive a credit or refund for its proportionate share of the tax we paid.
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We will be subject to a 100% excise tax on some payments we receive (or on certain expenses deducted
by Greensboro TRS, Clemson TRS or any TRS we form in the future on income imputed to our TRS for services rendered to or on behalf
of us), if arrangements among us, our tenants, and our TRSs do not reflect arm’s-length terms.
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If we fail to satisfy any of the asset tests, other than a de minimis failure of the 5% asset test,
the 10% vote test or 10% value test, as described below under “— Asset Tests,” as long as the failure was due
to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect, we file a description of each asset that caused such failure with the IRS, and
we dispose of the assets causing the failure or otherwise comply with the asset tests within six months after the last day of the
quarter in which we identify such failure, we will pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the highest federal income tax
rate then applicable to U.S. corporations (currently 21%) on the net income from the nonqualifying assets during the period in
which we failed to satisfy the asset tests.
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If we fail to satisfy one or more requirements for REIT qualification, other than the gross income
tests and the asset tests, and such failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect, we will be required to pay a
penalty of $50,000 for each such failure.
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If we acquire any asset from a C corporation, or a corporation that generally is subject to full
corporate-level tax, in a merger or other transaction in which we acquire a basis in the asset that is determined by reference
either to the C corporation’s basis in the asset or to another asset, we will pay tax at the highest regular corporate rate
applicable if we recognize gain on the sale or disposition of the asset during the 10-year period after we acquire the asset provided
no election is made for the transaction to be taxable on a current basis. The amount of gain on which we will pay tax is the lesser
of:
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the amount of gain that we recognize at the time of the sale or disposition, and
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the amount of gain that we would have recognized if we had sold the asset at the time we acquired
it.
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We may be required to pay monetary penalties to the IRS in certain circumstances, including if
we fail to meet record-keeping requirements intended to monitor our compliance with rules relating to the composition of a
REIT’s stockholders, as described below in “— Recordkeeping Requirements.”
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The earnings of our lower-tier entities that are subchapter C corporations, including Greensboro
TRS, Clemson TRS or any TRSs we form in the future, will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax.
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In
addition, notwithstanding our qualification as a REIT, we may also have to pay certain state and local income taxes because not
all states and localities treat REITs in the same manner that they are treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Moreover,
as further described below, Greensboro TRS, Clemson TRS and any TRSs we form in the future will be subject to federal, state and
local corporate income tax on their taxable income.
Requirements for Qualification
A REIT
is a corporation, trust, or association that meets each of the following requirements:
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It is managed by one or more trustees or directors.
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Its beneficial ownership is evidenced by transferable shares, or by transferable certificates of
beneficial interest.
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It would be taxable as a domestic corporation, but for the REIT provisions of the U.S. federal
income tax laws.
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It is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company subject to special provisions of
the U.S. federal income tax laws.
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At least 100 persons are beneficial owners of its shares or ownership certificates.
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Not more than 50% in value of its outstanding shares or ownership certificates is owned, directly
or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals, which the Code defines to include certain entities, during the last half of any taxable
year.
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It elects to be a REIT or has made such election for a previous taxable year and satisfies all
relevant filing and other administrative requirements established by the IRS that must be met to elect and maintain REIT qualification.
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It meets certain other qualification tests, described below, regarding the nature of its income
and assets and the amount of its distributions to stockholders.
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It uses a calendar year for U.S. federal income tax purposes and complies with the recordkeeping
requirements of the U.S. federal income tax laws.
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We
must meet requirements 1 through 4, 8 and 9 during our entire taxable year and must meet requirement 5 during at least 335 days
of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate part of a taxable year of less than 12 months. If we comply with all
the requirements for ascertaining the ownership of our outstanding shares in a taxable year and have no reason to know that we
violated requirement 6, we will be deemed to have satisfied requirement 6 for that taxable year. We do not have to comply with
5 and 6 for the first taxable year for which we elect REIT tax status. For purposes of determining stock ownership under requirement
6, an “individual” generally includes a supplemental unemployment compensation benefits plan, a private foundation,
or a portion of a trust permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable purposes. An “individual,” however,
generally does not include a trust that is a qualified employee pension or profit sharing trust under the U.S. federal income tax
laws, and beneficiaries of such a trust will be treated as holding our shares in proportion to their actuarial interests in the
trust for purposes of requirement 6.
Our
charter provides restrictions regarding the transfer and ownership of shares of our capital stock. See “Description of Capital
Stock — Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer.” We believe that we will have issued sufficient stock with sufficient
diversity of ownership to allow us to satisfy requirements 5 and 6 above. The restrictions in our charter are intended (among other
things) to assist us in continuing to satisfy requirements 5 and 6 above. These restrictions, however, may not ensure that we will,
in all cases, be able to satisfy such share ownership requirements. If we fail to satisfy these share ownership requirements, our
qualification as a REIT may terminate.
Qualified
REIT Subsidiaries. A corporation that is a “qualified REIT subsidiary” is not treated as a corporation separate
from its parent REIT. All assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction, and credit of a “qualified REIT subsidiary”
are treated as assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction, and credit of the REIT. A “qualified REIT subsidiary”
is a corporation, other than a TRS, all of the stock of which is owned by the REIT. Thus, in applying the requirements described
herein, any “qualified REIT subsidiary” that we own will be ignored, and all assets, liabilities, and items of income,
deduction, and credit of such subsidiary will be treated as our assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction, and credit.
Other Disregarded Entities and Partnerships.
An unincorporated domestic entity, such as a partnership or limited liability company that has a single owner, generally is not
treated as an entity separate from its owner for U.S. federal income tax purposes. An unincorporated domestic entity with two
or more owners is generally treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In the case of a REIT that is a partner
in a partnership that has other partners, the REIT is treated as owning its proportionate share of the assets of the partnership
and as earning its allocable share of the gross income of the partnership for purposes of the applicable REIT qualification tests.
Our proportionate share for purposes of the 10% value test (see “— Asset Tests”) will be based on our proportionate
interest in the equity interests and certain debt securities issued by the partnership. For all of the other asset and income
tests, our proportionate share will be based on our proportionate interest in the capital interests in the partnership. Our proportionate
share of the assets, liabilities, and items of income of any partnership, joint venture, or limited liability company that is
treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes in which we acquire an equity interest, directly or indirectly,
will be treated as our assets and gross income for purposes of applying the various REIT qualification requirements.
We
may acquire limited partner or non-managing member interests in partnerships and limited liability companies that are joint ventures.
If a partnership or limited liability company in which we own an interest takes or expects to take actions that could jeopardize
our qualification as a REIT or require us to pay tax, we may be forced to dispose of our interest in such entity. In addition,
it is possible that a partnership or limited liability company could take an action which could cause us to fail a gross income
or asset test, and that we would not become aware of such action in time to dispose of our interest in the partnership or limited
liability company or take other corrective action on a timely basis. In that case, we could fail to qualify as a REIT unless we
were able to qualify for a statutory REIT “savings” provision, which may require us to pay a significant penalty tax
to maintain our REIT qualification.
Taxable
REIT Subsidiaries. A REIT may own up to 100% of the shares of one or more TRSs. A TRS is a fully taxable corporation that may
earn income that would not be qualifying income if earned directly by the parent REIT. The subsidiary and the REIT must jointly
elect to treat the subsidiary as a TRS. A corporation of which a TRS directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power
or value of the securities will automatically be treated as a TRS. We will not be treated as holding the assets of a TRS or as
receiving any income that the TRS earns. Rather, the stock issued by a TRS to us will be an asset in our hands, and we will treat
the distributions paid to us from such TRS, if any, as income. This treatment may affect our compliance with the gross income and
asset tests. Because we will not include the assets and income of TRSs in determining our compliance with the REIT requirements,
we may use such entities to undertake indirectly activities, such as earning fee income, that the REIT rules might otherwise
preclude us from doing directly or through pass-through subsidiaries. Overall, no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s
assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs.
A TRS
pays income tax at regular corporate rates on any income that it earns. In addition, the TRS rules limit the deductibility
of interest paid or accrued by a taxable REIT subsidiary to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate
level of corporate taxation. Further, the rules impose a 100% excise tax on transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT
or the REIT’s tenants that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis.
A TRS
may not directly or indirectly operate or manage any health care facilities or lodging facilities or provide rights to any brand
name under which any health care facility or lodging facility is operated. A TRS is not considered to operate or manage a “qualified
health care property” or “qualified lodging facility” solely because the TRS directly or indirectly possesses
a license, permit, or similar instrument enabling it to do so.
Rent
that we receive from a TRS will qualify as “rents from real property” as long as (1) at least 90% of the leased
space in the property is leased to persons other than TRSs and related-party tenants, and (2) the amount paid by the TRS to
rent space at the property is substantially comparable to rents paid by other tenants of the property for comparable space, as
described in further detail below under “— Gross Income Tests — Rents from Real Property.” If we lease
space to a TRS in the future, we will seek to comply with these requirements.
In
connection with the acquisition of the Greensboro Hampton Inn, we created MDR Greensboro HI TRS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company and a TRS jointly owned with PMI Greensboro, or the Greensboro TRS. Also in connection with the acquisition of the Clemson
Best Western Property, we created MDR Clemson TRS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Clemson TRS. While we believe
our ownership of the Greensboro TRS and the Clemson TRS will not affect our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes,
your investment in our company would be materially affected if we do not qualify and maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal
income tax purposes as the result of our ownership of the Greensboro TRS and Clemson TRS or otherwise.
Gross Income Tests
We
must satisfy two gross income tests annually to maintain our qualification as a REIT. First, at least 75% of our gross income for
each taxable year must consist of defined types of income that we derive, directly or indirectly, from investments relating to
real property or mortgages on real property or qualified temporary investment income. Qualifying income for purposes of that 75%
gross income test generally includes:
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rents from real property;
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interest on debt secured by mortgages on real property, or on interests in real property;
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dividends or other distributions on, and gain from the sale of, shares in other REITs;
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gain from the sale of a real estate asset (excluding gain from the sale of a debt instrument issued
by a “publicly offered REIT” to the extent not secured by real property or an interest in real property) not held for
sale to customers;
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income and gain derived from foreclosure property; and
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income derived from the temporary investment of new capital that is attributable to the issuance
of our stock or a public offering of our debt with a maturity date of at least five years and that we receive during the one-year
period beginning on the date on which we received such new capital.
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Second,
in general, at least 95% of our gross income for each taxable year must consist of income that is qualifying income for purposes
of the 75% gross income test, other types of interest and dividends, gain from the sale or disposition of shares or securities,
or any combination of these. Cancellation of indebtedness, or COD, income and gross income from our sale of property that we hold
primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business is excluded from both the numerator and the denominator in both
gross income tests. In addition, income and gain from “hedging transactions” that we enter into to hedge indebtedness
incurred or to be incurred to acquire or carry real estate assets and that are clearly and timely identified as such will be excluded
from both the numerator and the denominator for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests. Finally, certain foreign currency
gains will be excluded from gross income for purposes of one or both of the gross income tests. See “— Foreign Currency
Gain.” The following paragraphs discuss the specific application of the gross income tests to us.
Rents
from Real Property. Rent that we receive, including as a result of our ownership of preferred or common equity interests in
a partnership that owns rental properties, from our real property will qualify as “rents from real property,” which
is qualifying income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests, only if the following conditions are met:
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First, the rent must not be based, in whole or in part, on the income or profits of any person,
but may be based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales.
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Second, neither we nor a direct or indirect owner of 10% or more of our stock may own, actually
or constructively, 10% or more of a tenant from whom we receive rent, other than a TRS.
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Third, if the rent attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real
property is 15% or less of the total rent received under the lease, then the rent attributable to personal property will qualify
as rents from real property. However, if the 15% threshold is exceeded, the rent attributable to personal property will not qualify
as rents from real property. With respect to each property we will own we believe either that the personal property ratio will
be less than 15% or that any rent attributable to excess personal property will not jeopardize our ability to quality as a REIT.
There can be no assurance, however, that the IRS would not challenge out calculation of a personal property ratio, or that a court
would not uphold such assertion. If such a challenge were successfully asserted, we could fail to satisfy the 75% or 95% gross
income test and this potentially lose our REIT status.
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Fourth, we generally must not operate or manage our real property or furnish or render services
to our tenants, other than through an “independent contractor” who is adequately compensated and from whom we do not
derive revenue. However, we need not provide services through an “independent contractor,” but instead may provide
services directly to our tenants, if the services are “usually or customarily rendered” in connection with the rental
of space for occupancy only and are not considered to be provided for the tenants’ convenience. In addition, we may provide
a minimal amount of “noncustomary” services to the tenants of a property, other than through an independent contractor,
as long as our income from the services (valued at not less than 150% of our direct cost of performing such services) does not
exceed 1% of our income from the related property. Furthermore, we may own up to 100% of the stock of a TRS which may provide customary
and noncustomary services to our tenants without tainting our rental income for the related properties.
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If
a portion of the rent that we receive from a property does not qualify as “rents from real property” because the rent
attributable to personal property exceeds 15% of the total rent for a taxable year, the portion of the rent that is attributable
to personal property will not be qualifying income for purposes of either the 75% or 95% gross income test. Thus, if such rent
attributable to personal property, plus any other income that is nonqualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test,
during a taxable year exceeds 5% of our gross income during the year, we would lose our REIT qualification. If, however, the rent
from a particular property does not qualify as “rents from real property” because either (1) the rent is considered
based on the income or profits of the related tenant, (2) the tenant either is a related party tenant or fails to qualify
for the exceptions to the related party tenant rule for qualifying TRSs or (3) we furnish noncustomary services to the
tenants of the property, or manage or operate the property, other than through a qualifying independent contractor or a TRS, none
of the rent from that property would qualify as “rents from real property.”
In
addition to rent, our tenants may be required to pay certain additional charges. To the extent that such additional charges represent
reimbursements of amounts that we are obligated to pay to third parties, such charges generally will qualify as “rents from
real property.” To the extent such additional charges represent penalties for nonpayment or late payment of such amounts,
such charges should qualify as “rents from real property.” However, to the extent that late charges do not qualify
as “rents from real property,” they instead will be treated as interest that qualifies for the 95% gross income test.
Interest.
Interest income generally constitutes qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test to the extent
that the obligation upon which such interest is paid is secured by a mortgage on real property (and a mortgage on an interest in
real property). Except as provided in the following sentence, if we receive interest income with respect to a mortgage loan that
is secured by both real and other property, and the highest principal amount of the loan outstanding during a taxable year exceeds
the fair market value of the real property on the date that we acquired or originated the mortgage loan, the interest income will
be apportioned between the real property and the other collateral, and our income from the arrangement will qualify for purposes
of the 75% gross income test only to the extent that the interest is allocable to the real property. In the case of real estate
mortgage loans secured by both real and personal property, if the fair market value of such personal property does not exceed 15%
of the total fair market value of all property securing the loan, then the personal property securing the loan will be treated
as real property for purposes of determining whether the mortgage is qualifying under the 75% asset test and as producing interest
income that qualifies for purposes of the 75% gross income test.
The
term “interest” generally does not include any amount received or accrued, directly or indirectly, if the determination
of such amount depends in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. However, interest generally includes the following:
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an amount that is based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales; and
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an amount that is based on the income or profits of a debtor, as long as the debtor derives substantially
all of its income from the real property securing the debt from leasing substantially all of its interest in the property, and
only to the extent that the amounts received by the debtor would be qualifying “rents from real property” if received
directly by a REIT.
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If
a loan contains a provision that entitles a REIT to a percentage of the borrower’s gain upon the sale of the real property
securing the loan or a percentage of the appreciation in the property’s value as of a specific date, income attributable
to that loan provision will be treated as gain from the sale of the property securing the loan, which generally is qualifying income
for purposes of both gross income tests.
We
may but do not currently intend to originate mezzanine loans, which are loans secured by equity interests in an entity that directly
or indirectly owns real property, rather than by a direct mortgage of the real property. In Revenue Procedure 2003-65, the IRS
established a safe harbor under which loans secured by a first priority security interest in ownership interests in a partnership
or limited liability company owning real property will be treated as real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset tests described
below, and interest derived from those loans will be treated as qualifying income for both the 75% and 95% gross income tests,
provided several requirements are satisfied. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely,
it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. Moreover, we anticipate that our mezzanine loans typically will not meet
all of the requirements for reliance on the safe harbor. To the extent any mezzanine loans that we originate do not qualify for
the safe harbor described above, the interest income from the loans will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income
test, but there is a risk that such interest income will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. We
intend to invest in mezzanine loans in a manner that will enable us to continue to satisfy the REIT gross income and asset tests.
Dividends.
Our share of any dividends received from any corporation (including any TRS but excluding any REIT) in which we own an equity interest
will qualify for purposes of the 95% gross income test but not for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Our share of any dividends
received from any other REIT in which we own an equity interest, if any, will be qualifying income for purposes of both gross income
tests.
Prohibited
Transactions. A REIT will incur a 100% tax on the net income (including foreign currency gain) derived from any sale or other
disposition of property, other than foreclosure property, that the REIT holds primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course
of a trade or business. We believe that none of our properties have been or will be held primarily for sale to customers and that
all prior sales of our properties were not, and a sale of any of our properties in the future will not be in the ordinary course
of our business. However, there can be no assurance that the IRS would not disagree with that belief. Whether a REIT holds a property
“primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business” depends on the facts and circumstances
in effect from time to time, including those related to a particular property. A safe harbor to the characterization of the sale
of property which is a real estate asset by a REIT as a prohibited transaction and the 100% prohibited transaction tax is available
if the following requirements are met:
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the REIT has held the property for not less than two years;
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the aggregate expenditures made by the REIT, or any partner of the REIT, during the two-year period
preceding the date of the sale that are includable in the adjusted basis of the property do not exceed 30% of the selling price
of the property;
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either (1) during the year in question, the REIT did not make more than seven sales of property
other than foreclosure property or sales to which Section 1033 of the Code applies, or (2) the aggregate adjusted bases
of all such properties sold by the REIT during the year did not exceed 10% of the aggregate bases of all of the assets of the REIT
at the beginning of the year, or (3) the aggregate fair market value of all such properties sold by the REIT during the year
did not exceed 10% of the aggregate fair market value of all of the assets of the REIT at the beginning of the year or (4) the
aggregate adjusted basis of property sold during the year is 20% or less of the aggregate adjusted basis of all of our assets as
of the beginning of the taxable year and the aggregate adjusted basis of property sold during the 3-year period ending with the
year of sale is 10% or less of the aggregate tax basis of all of our assets as of the beginning of each of the three taxable years
ending with the year of sale; or (5) the fair market value of property sold during the year is 20% or less of the aggregate
fair market value of all of our assets as of the beginning of the taxable year and the fair market value of property sold during
the 3-year period ending with the year of sale is 10% or less of the aggregate fair market value of all of our assets as of the
beginning of each of the three taxable years ending with the year of sale;
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in the case of property not acquired through foreclosure or lease termination, the REIT has held
the property for at least two years for the production of rental income; and
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if the REIT has made more than seven sales of non-foreclosure property during the taxable year,
substantially all of the marketing and development expenditures with respect to the property were made through an independent contractor
from whom the REIT derives no income or through any of our TRSs.
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We
will attempt to comply with the terms of the safe-harbor provisions in the U.S. federal income tax laws prescribing when a property
sale will not be characterized as a prohibited transaction. However, not all of our prior sales of properties have qualified for
the safe-harbor provisions. In addition, we cannot assure you that we can comply with the safe-harbor provisions or that we have
avoided and will avoid owning property that may be characterized as property that we hold “primarily for sale to customers
in the ordinary course of a trade or business.” The 100% tax will not apply to gains from the sale of property that is held
through a TRS or other taxable corporation, although such income will be taxed to the corporation at regular corporate income tax
rates.
Fee
Income. Fee income generally will not be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests. Any fees
earned by a TRS will not be included for purposes of the gross income tests.
Foreclosure
Property. We will be subject to tax at the maximum corporate rate on any income from foreclosure property, which includes certain
foreign currency gains and related deductions, other than income that otherwise would be qualifying income for purposes of the
75% gross income test, less expenses directly connected with the production of that income. However, gross income from foreclosure
property will qualify under the 75% and 95% gross income tests. Foreclosure property is any real property, including interests
in real property, and any personal property incident to such real property:
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that is acquired by a REIT as the result of the REIT having bid on such property at foreclosure,
or having otherwise reduced such property to ownership or possession by agreement or process of law, after there was a default
or default was imminent on a lease of such property or on indebtedness that such property secured;
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for which the related loan was acquired by the REIT at a time when the default was not imminent
or anticipated; and
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for which the REIT makes a proper election to treat the property as foreclosure property.
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A REIT
will not be considered to have foreclosed on a property where the REIT takes control of the property as a mortgagee-in-possession
and cannot receive any profit or sustain any loss except as a creditor of the mortgagor. Property generally ceases to be foreclosure
property at the end of the third taxable year (or, with respect to qualified health care property, the second taxable year) following
the taxable year in which the REIT acquired the property, or longer if an extension is granted by the Secretary of the Treasury.
However, this grace period terminates and foreclosure property ceases to be foreclosure property on the first day:
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on which a lease is entered into for the property that, by its terms, will give rise to income
that does not qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test, or any amount is received or accrued, directly or indirectly,
pursuant to a lease entered into on or after such day that will give rise to income that does not qualify for purposes of the 75%
gross income test;
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on which any construction takes place on the property, other than completion of a building or any
other improvement, where more than 10% of the construction was completed before default became imminent; or
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which is more than 90 days after the day on which the REIT acquired the property and the property
is used in a trade or business which is conducted by the REIT, other than through an independent contractor from whom the REIT
itself does not derive or receive any income or through any of our TRSs.
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Hedging
Transactions. From time to time, we or our operating partnership may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or
more of our assets or liabilities. Our hedging activities may include entering into interest rate swaps, caps, and floors, options
to purchase such items, and futures and forward contracts. Income and gain from “hedging transactions” will be excluded
from gross income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests provided we satisfy the indemnification requirements
discussed below. A “hedging transaction” means either (1) any transaction entered into in the normal course of
our or our operating partnership’s trade or business primarily to manage the risk of interest rate, price changes, or currency
fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made, or ordinary obligations incurred or to be incurred, to acquire or carry
real estate assets and (2) any transaction entered into primarily to manage the risk of currency fluctuations with respect
to any item of income or gain that would be qualifying income under the 75% or 95% gross income test (or any property which generates
such income or gain). If we have entered into a hedging transaction and a portion of the hedged indebtedness or property is disposed
of and in connection with such extinguishment or disposition we enter into a new “clearly identified” hedging transaction,
or a Counteracting Hedge, income from the applicable hedge and income from the Counteracting Hedge (including gain from the disposition
of such Counteracting Hedge) will not be treated as gross income for purposes of the 95% and 75% gross income tests. We are required
to clearly identify any such hedging transaction before the close of the day on which it was acquired, originated, or entered into
and to satisfy other identification requirements. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize
our qualification as a REIT.
COD
Income. From time-to-time, we and our subsidiaries may recognize COD income in connection with repurchasing debt at a discount.
COD income is excluded from gross income for purposes of both the 95% gross income test and the 75% gross income test.
Foreign
Currency Gain. Certain foreign currency gains will be excluded from gross income for purposes of one or both of the gross income
tests. “Real estate foreign exchange gain” will be excluded from gross income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross
income tests. Real estate foreign exchange gain generally includes foreign currency gain attributable to any item of income or
gain that is qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, foreign currency gain attributable to the acquisition
or ownership of (or becoming or being the obligor under) obligations secured by mortgages on real property or an interest in real
property and certain foreign currency gain attributable to certain “qualified business units” of a REIT. “Passive
foreign exchange gain” will be excluded from gross income for purposes of the 95% gross income test. Passive foreign exchange
gain generally includes real estate foreign exchange gain as described above, and also includes foreign currency gain attributable
to any item of income or gain that is qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test and foreign currency gain attributable
to the acquisition or ownership of (or becoming or being the obligor under) obligations. These exclusions for real estate foreign
exchange gain and passive foreign exchange gain do not apply to any certain foreign currency gain derived from dealing, or engaging
in substantial and regular trading, in securities. Such gain is treated as nonqualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and
95% gross income tests.
Failure
to Satisfy Gross Income Tests. If we fail to satisfy one or both of the gross income tests for any taxable year, we nevertheless
may qualify as a REIT for that year if we qualify for relief under certain provisions of the U.S. federal income tax laws. Those
relief provisions are available if:
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our failure to meet those tests is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect; and
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following such failure for any taxable year, we file a schedule of the sources of our income in
accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury.
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We
cannot predict, however, whether in all circumstances we would qualify for the relief provisions. In addition, as discussed above
in “— Taxation of Our Company,” even if the relief provisions apply, we would incur a 100% tax on the gross income
attributable to the greater of the amount by which we fail the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test multiplied, in
either case, by a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.
Asset Tests
To
qualify as a REIT, we also must satisfy the following asset tests at the end of each quarter of each taxable year. First, at least
75% of the value of our total assets must consist of:
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cash or cash items, including certain receivables and money market funds and, in certain circumstances,
foreign currencies;
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interests in real property, including leaseholds and options to acquire real property and leaseholds;
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interests in mortgage loans secured by real property;
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investments in stock or debt instruments during the one-year period following our receipt of new
capital that we raise through equity offerings or public offerings of debt with at least a five-year term; and
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(i) personal property leased in connection with real property to the extent that rents attributable
to such personal property are treated as “rents from real property,” and (ii) debt instruments issued by “publicly
offered REITs” (i.e., REITs which are required to file annual and periodic reports with the SEC under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934).
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Second,
of our investments not included in the 75% asset class, the value of our interest in any one issuer’s securities may not
exceed 5% of the value of our total assets, or the 5% asset test.
Third,
of our investments not included in the 75% asset class, we may not own more than 10% of the voting power of any one issuer’s
outstanding securities or 10% of the value of any one issuer’s outstanding securities, or the 10% vote test or 10% value
test, respectively.
Fourth,
no more than 20% of the value of our total assets may consist of the securities of one or more TRSs.
Fifth,
no more than 25% of the value of our total assets may consist of the securities of TRSs and other non-TRS taxable subsidiaries
and other assets that are not qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% asset test, or the 25% securities test.
Not
more than 25% of the value of our total assets may be represented by debt instruments issued by publicly offered REITs to the extent
not secured by real property or interests in real property.
For
purposes of the 5% asset test, the 10% vote test and the 10% value test, the term “securities” does not include shares
in another REIT, equity or debt securities of a qualified REIT subsidiary or TRS, mortgage loans that constitute real estate assets,
or equity interests in a partnership. The term “securities,” however, generally includes debt securities issued by
a partnership or another REIT, except that for purposes of the 10% value test, the term “securities” does not include:
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“Straight debt” securities, which is defined as a written unconditional promise to
pay on demand or on a specified date a sum certain in money if (1) the debt is not convertible, directly or indirectly, into
equity, and (2) the interest rate and interest payment dates are not contingent on profits, the borrower’s discretion,
or similar factors. “Straight debt” securities do not include any securities issued by a partnership or a corporation
in which we or any controlled TRS (i.e., a TRS in which we own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the voting power or value
of the stock) hold non-“straight debt” securities that have an aggregate value of more than 1% of the issuer’s
outstanding securities. However, “straight debt” securities include debt subject to the following contingencies:
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a contingency relating to the time of payment of interest or principal, as long as either (1) there
is no change to the effective yield of the debt obligation, other than a change to the annual yield that does not exceed the greater
of 0.25% or 5% of the annual yield, or (2) neither the aggregate issue price nor the aggregate face amount of the issuer’s
debt obligations held by us exceeds $1 million and no more than 12 months of unaccrued interest on the debt obligations can be
required to be prepaid; and
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a contingency relating to the time or amount of payment upon a default or prepayment of a debt
obligation, as long as the contingency is consistent with customary commercial practice.
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Any loan to an individual or an estate;
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Any “section 467 rental agreement,” other than an agreement with a related party tenant;
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Any obligation to pay “rents from real property”;
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Certain securities issued by governmental entities;
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Any security issued by a REIT;
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Any debt instrument issued by an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes
in which we are a partner to the extent of our proportionate interest in the equity and debt securities of the partnership; and
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Any debt instrument issued by an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes
not described in the preceding bullet points if at least 75% of the partnership’s gross income, excluding income from prohibited
transactions, is qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test described above in “— Gross Income Tests.”
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purposes of the 10% value test, our proportionate share of the assets of a partnership is our proportionate interest in any securities
issued by the partnership, without regard to the securities described in the last two bullet points above.
We
believe that our holdings of assets comply with the foregoing asset tests, and we intend to monitor compliance on an ongoing basis.
However, independent appraisals have not been obtained to support our conclusions as to the value of our assets or the value of
any particular security or securities. Moreover, values of some assets may not be susceptible to a precise determination, and values
are subject to change in the future. As described above, Revenue Procedure 2003-65 provides a safe harbor pursuant to which certain
mezzanine loans secured by a first priority security interest in ownership interests in a partnership or limited liability company
will be treated as qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% asset test (and therefore, are not subject to the 5% asset test and
the 10% vote or value test). See “— Gross Income Tests.” We intend to make mezzanine loans only to the extent
such loans will not cause us to fail the asset tests described above.
We
will continue to monitor the status of our assets for purposes of the various asset tests and will manage our portfolio in order
to comply at all times with such tests. However, there is no assurance that we will not inadvertently fail to comply with such
tests. If we fail to satisfy the asset tests at the end of a calendar quarter, we will not lose our REIT qualification if:
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we satisfied the asset tests at the end of the preceding calendar quarter; and
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the discrepancy between the value of our assets and the asset test requirements arose from changes
in the market values of our assets and was not wholly or partly caused by the acquisition of one or more non-qualifying assets.
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If
we did not satisfy the condition described in the second item, above, we still could avoid disqualification by eliminating any
discrepancy within 30 days after the close of the calendar quarter in which it arose.
If
we violate the 5% asset test, the 10% vote test or the 10% value test described above, we will not lose our REIT qualification
if (1) the failure is de minimis (up to the lesser of 1% of our assets or $10 million) and (2) we dispose of assets
causing the failure or otherwise comply with the asset tests within six months after the last day of the quarter in which we identify
such failure. In the event of a failure of any of the asset tests (other than de minimis failures described in the preceding
sentence), as long as the failure was due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect, we will not lose our REIT qualification
if we (1) dispose of assets causing the failure or otherwise comply with the asset tests within six months after the last
day of the quarter in which we identify the failure, (2) we file a description of each asset causing the failure with the
IRS and (3) pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or 35% of the net income from the assets causing the failure during
the period in which we failed to satisfy the asset tests.
Distribution Requirements
Each
year, we must distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends and deemed distributions of retained capital gain, to our
stockholders in an aggregate amount at least equal to:
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90% of our “REIT taxable income,” computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction
and our net capital gain or loss, and
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90% of our after-tax net income, if any, from foreclosure property, minus
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the sum of certain items of non-cash income.
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We
must pay such distributions in the taxable year to which they relate, or in the following taxable year if either (1) we declare
the distribution before we timely file our U.S. federal income tax return for the year and pay the distribution on or before the
first regular dividend payment date after such declaration or (2) we declare the distribution in October, November or
December of the taxable year, payable to stockholders of record on a specified day in any such month, and we actually pay
the dividend before the end of January of the following year. The distributions under clause (1) are taxable to the stockholders
in the year in which paid, and the distributions in clause (2) are treated as paid on December 31st of the
prior taxable year. In both instances, these distributions relate to our prior taxable year for purposes of the 90% distribution
requirement.
We
will pay U.S. federal income tax on taxable income, including net capital gain, that we do not distribute to stockholders. Furthermore,
if we fail to distribute during a calendar year, or by the end of January following the calendar year in the case of distributions
with declaration and record dates falling in the last three months of the calendar year, at least the sum of:
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85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year,
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95% of our REIT capital gain net income for such year, and
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any undistributed taxable income (ordinary and capital gain) from all periods.
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We
will incur a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the excess of such required distribution over the amounts we actually distribute. In
making this calculation, the amount that a REIT is treated as having ‘‘actually distributed’’ during the
current taxable year is both the amount distributed during the current year and the amount by which the distributions during the
prior year exceeded its taxable income and capital gain for that prior year (the prior year calculation uses the same methodology
so, in determining the amount of the distribution in the prior year, one looks back to the year before and so forth).
We
may elect to retain and pay income tax on the net long-term capital gain we receive in a taxable year. If we so elect, we will
be treated as having distributed any such retained amount for purposes of the 4% nondeductible excise tax described above. We intend
to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy the annual distribution requirements and to avoid corporate income tax and the
4% nondeductible excise tax.
It
is possible that, from time to time, we may experience timing differences between the actual receipt of income and actual payment
of deductible expenses and the inclusion of that income and deduction of such expenses in arriving at our REIT taxable income.
For example, we may not deduct recognized capital losses from our “REIT taxable income.” Further, it is possible that,
from time to time, we may be allocated a share of net capital gain attributable to the sale of depreciated property that exceeds
our allocable share of cash attributable to that sale. As a result of the foregoing, we may have less cash than is necessary to
distribute taxable income sufficient to avoid corporate income tax and the excise tax imposed on certain undistributed income or
even to meet the 90% distribution requirement. In such a situation, we may need to borrow funds or, if possible, pay taxable dividends
of our capital stock or debt securities.
We
may satisfy the 90% distribution test with taxable distributions of our stock or debt securities. The IRS has issued private letter
rulings to other REITs treating certain distributions that are paid partly in cash and partly in stock as dividends that would
satisfy the REIT annual distribution requirement and qualify for the dividends paid deduction for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Those rulings may be relied upon only by taxpayers to whom they were issued, but we could request a similar ruling from the IRS.
In addition, the IRS previously issued a revenue procedure authorizing publicly traded REITs to make elective cash/stock dividends.
Accordingly, it is unclear whether and to what extent we will be able to make taxable dividends payable in cash and stock. We have
no current intention to make a taxable dividend payable in our stock.
Under
certain circumstances, we may be able to correct a failure to meet the distribution requirement for a year by paying “deficiency
dividends” to our stockholders in a later year. We may include such deficiency dividends in our deduction for dividends paid
for the earlier year. Although we may be able to avoid income tax on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends, we will be required
to pay interest to the IRS based upon the amount of any deduction we take for deficiency dividends.
Recordkeeping Requirements
We
must maintain certain records in order to qualify as a REIT. In addition, to avoid a monetary penalty, we must request on an annual
basis information from our stockholders designed to disclose the actual ownership of our outstanding stock. We intend to comply
with these requirements.
Failure to Qualify
If
we fail to satisfy one or more requirements for REIT qualification, other than the gross income tests and the asset tests, we could
avoid disqualification if our failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect and we pay a penalty of $50,000 for
each such failure. In addition, there are relief provisions for a failure of the gross income tests and asset tests, as described
in “— Gross Income Tests” and “— Asset Tests.”
If
we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, and no relief provision applies, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax
and any applicable alternative minimum tax on our taxable income at regular corporate rates. In calculating our taxable income
in a year in which we fail to qualify as a REIT, we would not be able to deduct amounts paid out to stockholders. In fact, we would
not be required to distribute any amounts to stockholders in that year. In such event, to the extent of our current and accumulated
earnings and profits, distributions to stockholders generally would be taxable as ordinary income. Subject to certain limitations
of the U.S. federal income tax laws, corporate stockholders may be eligible for the dividends received deduction and stockholders
taxed at individual rates may be eligible for the reduced U.S. federal income tax rate of 20% on such dividends. Unless we qualified
for relief under specific statutory provisions, we also would be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years
following the year during which we ceased to qualify as a REIT. We cannot predict whether in all circumstances we would qualify
for such statutory relief.
Taxation of Taxable
U.S. Stockholders
As
used herein, the term “U.S. stockholder” means a holder of shares of our common stock that for U.S. federal income
tax purposes is:
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a citizen or resident of the United States;
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a corporation (including an entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes)
created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any of its states or the District of Columbia;
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an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
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any trust if (1) a court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of
such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) it has
a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S. person.
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If
a partnership, entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds shares of our common stock,
the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend on the status of the partner and the
activities of the partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership holding shares of our common stock, you should consult your
tax advisor regarding the consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock by the partnership.
As
long as we qualify as a REIT, a taxable U.S. stockholder must generally take into account as ordinary income distributions made
out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits that we do not designate as capital gain dividends or retained long-term
capital gain. A U.S. stockholder will not qualify for the dividends received deduction generally available to corporations. In
addition, dividends paid to a U.S. stockholder generally will not qualify for the 20% tax rate for “qualified dividend income.”
The maximum tax rate for qualified dividend income received by U.S. stockholders taxed at individual rates is currently 20%. The
maximum tax rate on qualified dividend income is lower than the maximum tax rate on ordinary income, which is 37%. Qualified dividend
income generally includes dividends paid by domestic C corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations to U.S. stockholders
that are taxed at individual rates. Because we are not generally subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of our REIT
taxable income distributed to our stockholders (See — “Taxation of Our Company” above), our dividends generally
will not be eligible for the 20% rate on qualified dividend income. As a result, our ordinary REIT dividends will be taxed at the
higher tax rate applicable to ordinary income. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017, or the TJCA,
individuals, trusts, and estates generally may deduct 20% of the “qualified REIT dividends” (i.e., REIT dividends other
than capital gain dividends and portions of REIT dividends designated as qualified dividend income, which in each case are already
eligible for capital gain tax rates) they receive. The deduction for qualified REIT dividends is not subject to the wage and property
basis limits that apply to other types of “qualified business in come” under the TCJA. The 20% deduction for qualified
REIT dividends results in a maximum 29.6% federal income tax rate on REIT dividends. As with the other individual income tax changes
in the TCJA, the deduction provisions are effective beginning in 2018. Without further legislation, the deduction would sunset
after 2025.
However,
the 20% tax rate for qualified dividend income will apply to our ordinary REIT dividends (1) attributable to dividends received
by us from non-REIT corporations, and (2) to the extent attributable to income upon which we have paid corporate income tax
(e.g., to the extent that we distribute less than 100% of our taxable income). In general, to qualify for the reduced tax rate
on qualified dividend income, a stockholder must hold our common stock for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning
on the date that is 60 days before the date on which our common stock becomes ex-dividend.
A U.S.
stockholder generally will take into account as long-term capital gain any distributions that we designate as capital gain dividends
without regard to the period for which the U.S. stockholder has held shares of our common stock. We generally will designate our
capital gain dividends as either 20% or 25% rate distributions. See “— Capital Gains and Losses.” A corporate
U.S. stockholder, however, may be required to treat up to 20% of certain capital gain dividends as ordinary income.
We
may elect to retain and pay income tax on the net long-term capital gain that we receive in a taxable year. In that case, to the
extent that we designate such amount in a timely notice to such stockholder, a U.S. stockholder would be taxed on its proportionate
share of our undistributed long-term capital gain. The U.S. stockholder would receive a credit for its proportionate share of the
tax we paid. The U.S. stockholder would increase the basis in its stock by the amount of its proportionate share of our undistributed
long-term capital gain, minus its share of the tax we paid.
A U.S.
stockholder will not incur tax on a distribution in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits if the distribution
does not exceed the adjusted basis of the U.S. stockholder’s shares of our common stock. Instead, the distribution will reduce
the adjusted basis of such stock. A U.S. stockholder will recognize a distribution in excess of both our current and accumulated
earnings and profits and the U.S. stockholder’s adjusted basis in his or her shares of our common stock as long-term capital
gain, or short-term capital gain if the shares of the stock have been held for one year or less, assuming the shares of stock are
a capital asset in the hands of the U.S. stockholder. In addition, if we declare a distribution in October, November, or December of
any year that is payable to a U.S. stockholder of record on a specified date in any such month, such distribution shall be treated
as both paid by us and received by the U.S. stockholder on December 31 of such year, provided that we actually pay the distribution
during January of the following calendar year.
U.S.
stockholders may not include in their individual income tax returns any of our net operating losses or capital losses. Instead,
these losses are generally carried over by us for potential offset against our future income. Taxable distributions from us and
gain from the disposition of shares of our common stock will not be treated as passive activity income and, therefore, stockholders
generally will not be able to apply any “passive activity losses,” such as losses from certain types of limited partnerships
in which the U.S. stockholder is a limited partner, against such income. In addition, taxable distributions from us and gain from
the disposition of shares of our common stock generally will be treated as investment income for purposes of the investment interest
limitations. We will notify U.S. stockholders after the close of our taxable year as to the portions of the distributions attributable
to that year that constitute ordinary income, return of capital and capital gain.
The
aggregate amount of dividends that we may designate as “capital gain dividends” or “qualified dividends”
with respect to any taxable year may not exceed the dividends paid by us with respect to such year, including dividends that are
paid in the following year and if made with or before the first regular dividend payment after such declaration) are treated as
paid with respect to such year.
Certain
U.S. stockholders who are individuals, estates or trusts and whose income exceeds certain thresholds will be required to pay a
3.8% Medicare tax. The Medicare tax will apply to, among other things, dividends and other income derived from certain trades or
business and net gains from the sale or other disposition of property, such as our capital stock, subject to certain exceptions.
Our dividends and any gain from the disposition of shares of our common stock generally will be the type of gain that is subject
to the Medicare tax.
Taxation of U.S. Stockholders
on the Disposition of Shares of our Common Stock
A U.S.
stockholder who is not a dealer in securities must generally treat any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares
of our common stock as long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. stockholder has held shares of our common stock for more than
one year and otherwise as short-term capital gain or loss. In general, a U.S. stockholder will realize gain or loss in an amount
equal to the difference between the sum of the fair market value of any property and the amount of cash received in such disposition
and the U.S. stockholder’s adjusted tax basis. A stockholder’s adjusted tax basis generally will equal the U.S. stockholder’s
acquisition cost, increased by the excess of net capital gains deemed distributed to the U.S. stockholder (discussed above) less
tax deemed paid on such gains and reduced by any returns of capital. However, a U.S. stockholder must treat any loss upon a sale
or exchange of common stock held by such stockholder for six months or less as a long-term capital loss to the extent of capital
gain dividends and any other actual or deemed distributions from us that such U.S. stockholder treats as long-term capital gain.
All or a portion of any loss that a U.S. stockholder realizes upon a taxable disposition of shares of our common stock may be disallowed
if the U.S. stockholder purchases other shares of our common stock within 30 days before or after the disposition.
Capital Gains and Losses
A taxpayer
generally must hold a capital asset for more than one year for gain or loss derived from its sale or exchange to be treated as
long-term capital gain or loss. The highest marginal individual income tax rate currently is 37%. The maximum tax rate on long-term
capital gain applicable to taxpayers taxed at individual rates is 20% for sales and exchanges of assets held for more than one
year. The maximum tax rate on long-term capital gain from the sale or exchange of “Section 1250 property,” or
depreciable real property, is 25%, which applies to the lesser of the total amount of the gain or the accumulated depreciation
on the Section 1250 property.
With
respect to distributions that we designate as capital gain dividends and any retained capital gain that we are deemed to distribute,
we generally may designate whether such a distribution is taxable to U.S. stockholders taxed at individual rates currently at a
20% or 25% rate. Thus, the tax rate differential between capital gain and ordinary income for those taxpayers may be significant.
In addition, the characterization of income as capital gain or ordinary income may affect the deductibility of capital losses.
A non-corporate taxpayer may deduct capital losses not offset by capital gains against its ordinary income only up to a maximum
annual amount of $3,000. A non-corporate taxpayer may carry forward unused capital losses indefinitely. A corporate taxpayer must
pay tax on its net capital gain at ordinary corporate rates. A corporate taxpayer may deduct capital losses only to the extent
of capital gains, with unused losses being carried back three years and forward five years.
Taxation of Tax-Exempt
Stockholders
Tax-exempt
entities, including qualified employee pension and profit sharing trusts and individual retirement accounts, generally are exempt
from U.S. federal income taxation. However, they are subject to taxation on their unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI. Although
many investments in real estate generate UBTI, the IRS has issued a ruling that dividend distributions from a REIT to an exempt
employee pension trust do not constitute UBTI so long as the exempt employee pension trust does not otherwise use the shares of
the REIT in an unrelated trade or business of the pension trust. Based on that ruling, amounts that we distribute to tax-exempt
stockholders generally should not constitute UBTI. However, if a tax-exempt stockholder were to finance (or be deemed to finance)
its acquisition of common stock with debt, a portion of the income that it receives from us would constitute UBTI pursuant to the
“debt-financed property” rules. Moreover, social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment
benefit trusts and qualified group legal services plans that are exempt from taxation under special provisions of the U.S. federal
income tax laws are subject to different UBTI rules, which generally will require them to characterize distributions that they
receive from us as UBTI. Finally, in certain circumstances, a qualified employee pension or profit sharing trust that owns more
than 10% of our capital stock must treat a percentage of the dividends that it receives from us as UBTI. Such percentage is equal
to the gross income we derive from an unrelated trade or business, determined as if we were a pension trust, divided by our total
gross income for the year in which we pay the dividends. That rule applies to a pension trust holding more than 10% of our
capital stock only if:
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the percentage of our dividends that the tax-exempt trust must treat as UBTI is at least 5%;
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we qualify as a REIT by reason of the modification of the rule requiring that no more than
50% of our capital stock be owned by five or fewer individuals that allows the beneficiaries of the pension trust to be treated
as holding our capital stock in proportion to their actuarial interests in the pension trust; and
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one pension trust owns more than 25% of the value of our capital stock; or
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a group of pension trusts individually holding more than 10% of the value of our capital stock
collectively owns more than 50% of the value of our capital stock.
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Taxation of Non-U.S.
Stockholders
The
term “non-U.S. stockholder” means a holder of shares of our common stock that is not a U.S. stockholder, a partnership
(or entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) or a tax-exempt stockholder. The rules governing
U.S. federal income taxation of nonresident alien individuals, foreign corporations, foreign partnerships, and other foreign stockholders
are complex. This section is only a summary of such rules. We urge non-U.S. stockholders to consult their own tax advisors to
determine the impact of federal, state, and local income tax laws on the purchase, ownership and sale of shares of our common stock,
including any reporting requirements.
Distributions
A non-U.S.
stockholder that receives a distribution that is not attributable to gain from our sale or exchange of a “United States real
property interest,” or USRPI, as defined below, and that we do not designate as a capital gain dividend or retained capital
gain will recognize ordinary income to the extent that we pay such distribution out of our current or accumulated earnings and
profits. A withholding tax equal to 30% of the gross amount of the distribution ordinarily will apply to such distribution unless
an applicable tax treaty reduces or eliminates the tax. However, if a distribution is treated as effectively connected with the
non-U.S. stockholder’s conduct of a U.S. trade or business, the non-U.S. stockholder generally will be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on the distribution at graduated rates, in the same manner as U.S. stockholders are taxed with respect to such distribution,
and a non-U.S. stockholder that is a corporation also may be subject to the 30% branch profits tax with respect to that distribution.
We plan to withhold U.S. income tax at the rate of 30% on the gross amount of any such distribution paid to a non-U.S. stockholder
unless either:
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a lower treaty rate applies and the non-U.S. stockholder files an IRS Form W-8BEN evidencing
eligibility for that reduced rate with us;
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the non-U.S. stockholder files an IRS Form W-8ECI with us claiming that the distribution is
effectively connected income; or
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the distribution is treated as attributable to a sale of a USRPI under FIRPTA (discussed below).
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A non-U.S.
stockholder will not incur tax on a distribution in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits if the excess portion
of such distribution does not exceed the adjusted basis of its common stock. Instead, the excess portion of such distribution will
reduce the adjusted basis of such stock. A non-U.S. stockholder will be subject to tax on a distribution that exceeds both our
current and accumulated earnings and profits and the adjusted basis of its common stock, if the non-U.S. stockholder otherwise
would be subject to tax on gain from the sale or disposition of its common stock, as described below. We must withhold 10% of any
distribution that exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits. Consequently, although we intend to withhold at a rate
of 30% on the entire amount of any distribution, to the extent that we do not do so, we will withhold at a rate of 15% on any portion
of a distribution not subject to withholding at a rate of 30%. Because we generally cannot determine at the time we make a distribution
whether the distribution will exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, we normally will withhold tax on the entire
amount of any distribution at the same rate as we would withhold on a dividend. However, a non-U.S. stockholder may claim a refund
of amounts that we withhold if we later determine that a distribution in fact exceeded our current and accumulated earnings and
profits.
For
any year in which we qualify as a REIT, a non-U.S. stockholder may incur tax on distributions that are attributable to gain from
our sale or exchange of a USRPI under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, or FIRPTA. A USRPI includes certain
interests in real property and stock in corporations at least 50% of whose assets consist of interests in real property. Under
FIRPTA, a non-U.S. stockholder is taxed on distributions attributable to gain from sales of USRPIs as if such gain were effectively
connected with a U.S. business of the non-U.S. stockholder. A non-U.S. stockholder thus would be taxed on such a distribution at
the normal capital gains rates applicable to U.S. stockholders, subject to applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative
minimum tax in the case of a nonresident alien individual. A non-U.S. corporate stockholder not entitled to treaty relief or exemption
also may be subject to the 30% branch profits tax on such a distribution.
However,
subject to the discussion below regarding distributions to “qualified shareholders” and “qualified foreign pension
funds,” under FIRPTA, if our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market in the United States, capital
gain distributions on our common stock that are attributable to our sale of a USRPI will be treated as ordinary dividends rather
than as gain from the sale of a USRPI, as long as the non-U.S. stockholder did not own more than 10% of our common stock at any
time during the one-year period preceding the distribution. In such a case, non-U.S. stockholders generally will be subject to
withholding tax on such capital gain distributions in the same manner as they are subject to withholding tax on ordinary dividends.
With
respect to any class of our stock that is not regularly traded on an established securities market in the United States, subject
to the discussion below regarding distributions to “qualified shareholders” and “qualified foreign pension funds,”
capital gain distributions that are attributable to our sale of USRPIs will be subject to tax under FIRPTA, as described above.
In such case, we must withhold 35% of any distribution that we could designate as a capital gain dividend. A non-U.S. stockholder
may receive a credit against its tax liability for the amount we withhold. Moreover, if a non-U.S. stockholder disposes of our
common stock during the 30-day period preceding a dividend payment, and such non-U.S. stockholder (or a person related to such
non-U.S. stockholder) acquires or enters into a contract or option to acquire our common stock within 61 days of the first day
of the 30-day period described above, and any portion of such dividend payment would, but for the disposition, be treated as a
USRPI capital gain to such non-U.S. stockholder, then such non-U.S. stockholder shall be treated as having USRPI capital gain in
an amount that, but for the disposition, would have been treated as USRPI capital gain.
A U.S.
withholding tax at a 30% rate will be imposed on dividends paid to certain non-U.S. stockholders if certain disclosure requirements
related to U.S. accounts or ownership are not satisfied. If payment of withholding taxes is required, non-U.S. stockholders that
are otherwise eligible for an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. withholding taxes with respect of such dividends will be required
to seek a refund from the IRS to obtain the benefit or such exemption or reduction. We will not pay any additional amounts in respect
of any amounts withheld.
Qualified
Shareholders. Subject to the exception discussed below, any distribution to a “qualified shareholder” who holds
REIT stock directly or indirectly (through one or more partnerships) will not be subject to U.S. tax as income effectively connected
with a U.S. trade or business and thus will not be subject to special withholding rules under FIRPTA. While a “qualified
shareholder” will not be subject to FIRPTA withholding on REIT distributions, certain investors of a “qualified shareholder”
(i.e., non-U.S. persons who hold interests in the “qualified shareholder” (other than interests solely as a creditor)
and hold more than 10% of REIT stock (whether or not by reason of the investor’s ownership in the “qualified shareholder”))
may be subject to FIRPTA withholding.
A “qualified
shareholder” is a foreign person that (i) either is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty which
includes an exchange of information program and whose principal class of interests is listed and regularly traded on one or more
recognized stock exchanges (as defined in such comprehensive income tax treaty), or is a foreign partnership that is created or
organized under foreign law as a limited partnership in a jurisdiction that has an agreement for the exchange of information with
respect to taxes with the United States and has a class of limited partnership units representing greater than 50% of the value
of all the partnership units that is regularly traded on the NYSE or Nasdaq markets, (ii) is a qualified collective investment
vehicle (defined below), and (iii) maintains records on the identity of each person who, at any time during the foreign person’s
taxable year, is the direct owner of 5% or more of the class of interests or units (as applicable) described in (i), above.
A qualified
collective investment vehicle is a foreign person that (i) would be eligible for a reduced rate of withholding under the comprehensive
income tax treaty described above, even if such entity holds more than 10% of the stock of such REIT, (ii) is publicly traded,
is treated as a partnership under the Code, is a withholding foreign partnership, and would be treated as a United States real
property holding corporation if it were a domestic corporation, or (iii) is designated as such by the Secretary of the Treasury
and is either (a) fiscally transparent within the meaning of section 894 of the Code, or (b) required to include dividends
in its gross income, but is entitled to a deduction for distributions to its investors.
Qualified
Foreign Pension Funds. Any distribution to a “qualified foreign pension fund” or an entity all of the interests
of which are held by a “qualified foreign pension fund” who holds REIT stock directly or indirectly (through one or
more partnerships) will not be subject to U.S. tax as income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business and thus will
not be subject to the withholding rules under FIRPTA.
A “qualified
foreign pension fund” is any trust, corporation, or other organization or arrangement (A) which is created or organized
under the law of a country other than the United States, (B) which is established to provide retirement or pension benefits
to participants or beneficiaries that are current or former employees (or persons designated by such employees) of one or more
employers in consideration for services rendered, (C) which does not have a single participant or beneficiary with a right
to more than 5% of its assets or income, (D) which is subject to government regulation and provides annual information reporting
about its beneficiaries to the relevant tax authorities in the country in which it is established or operates, and (E) with
respect to which, under the laws of the country in which it is established or operates, (i) contributions to such organization
or arrangement that would otherwise be subject to tax under such laws are deductible or excluded from the gross income of such
entity or taxed at a reduced rate, or (ii) taxation of any investment income of such organization or arrangement is deferred
or such income is taxed at a reduced rate.
Dispositions
Non-U.S.
stockholders could incur tax under FIRPTA with respect to gain realized upon a disposition of shares of our common stock if we
are a United States real property holding corporation during a specified testing period, subject to the discussion below regarding
distributions to “qualified shareholders” and “qualified foreign pension funds.” If at least 50% of a REIT’s
assets are USRPIs, then the REIT will be a United States real property holding corporation. We believe that we are, and that we
will continue to be, a United States real property holding corporation based on our investment strategy. However, even if we are
a United States real property holding corporation, a non-U.S. stockholder generally would not incur tax under FIRPTA on gain from
the sale of shares of our common stock if we are a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity.”
A “domestically
controlled qualified investment entity” includes a REIT in which, at all times during a specified testing period, less than
50% in value of its shares are held directly or indirectly by non-U.S. stockholders. We cannot assure you that this test will be
met.
If
our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market, an additional exception to the tax under FIRPTA will
be available with respect to our common stock, even if we do not qualify as a domestically controlled qualified investment entity
at the time the non-U.S. stockholder sells our common stock. Under that exception, the gain from such a sale by such a non-U.S.
stockholder will not be subject to tax under FIRPTA if (1) our common stock is treated as being regularly traded under applicable
Treasury Regulations on an established securities market and (2) the non-U.S. stockholder owned, actually or constructively,
10% or less of our common stock at all times during a specified testing period. As noted above, we expect that our common stock
will be regularly traded on an established securities market following this offering.
A sale of our shares by:
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a “qualified shareholder” or
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a “qualified foreign pension fund”
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who holds our shares directly
or indirectly (through one or more partnerships) will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation under FIRPTA. While a “qualified
shareholder” will not be subject to FIRPTA withholding upon sale of our shares, certain investors of a “qualified shareholder”
(i.e., non-U.S. persons who hold interests in the “qualified shareholder” (other than interests solely as a creditor)
and hold more than 10% of REIT stock (whether or not by reason of the investor’s ownership in the “qualified shareholder”))
may be subject to FIRPTA withholding.
If
the gain on the sale of shares of our common stock were taxed under FIRPTA, a non-U.S. stockholder would be taxed on that gain
in the same manner as U.S. stockholders, subject to applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in
the case of nonresident alien individuals. In addition, distributions that are subject to tax under FIRPTA also may be subject
to a 30% branch profits tax when made to a non-U.S. stockholder treated as a corporation (under U.S. federal income tax principles)
that is not otherwise entitled to treaty exemption. Finally, if we are not a domestically controlled qualified investment entity
at the time our stock is sold, and the non-U.S. stockholder does not qualify for the exemptions described in the preceding paragraph,
under FIRPTA the purchaser of shares of our common stock also may be required to withhold 15% of the purchase price and remit this
amount to the IRS on behalf of the selling non-U.S. stockholder.
With
respect to individual non-U.S. stockholders, even if not subject to FIRPTA, capital gains recognized from the sale of shares of
our common stock will be taxable to such non-U.S. stockholder if he or she is a non-resident alien individual who is present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and some other conditions apply, in which case the non-resident
alien individual may be subject to a U.S. federal income tax on his or her U.S. source capital gain.
A U.S.
withholding tax at a 30% rate will be imposed on proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by certain non-U.S. stockholders
if certain disclosure requirements related to U.S. accounts or ownership are not satisfied. If payment of withholding taxes is
required, non-U.S. stockholders that are otherwise eligible for an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. withholding taxes with
respect of such proceeds will be required to seek a refund from the IRS to obtain the benefit or such exemption or reduction. We
will not pay any additional amounts in respect of any amounts withheld.
Information Reporting Requirements and Withholding
We
will report to our stockholders and to the IRS the amount of distributions we pay during each calendar year, and the amount of
tax we withhold, if any. Under the backup withholding rules, a stockholder may be subject to backup withholding with respect to
distributions unless the stockholder:
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is a corporation or qualifies for certain other exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates
this fact; or
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provides a taxpayer identification number, certifies as to no loss of exemption from backup withholding,
and otherwise complies with the applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules.
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A stockholder
who does not provide us with its correct taxpayer identification number also may be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. Any
amount paid as backup withholding will be creditable against the stockholder’s income tax liability. In addition, we may
be required to withhold a portion of capital gain distributions to any stockholders who fail to certify their non-foreign status
to us.
Backup
withholding will generally not apply to payments of dividends made by us or our paying agents, in their capacities as such, to
a non-U.S. stockholder provided that the non-U.S. stockholder furnishes to us or our paying agent the required certification as
to its non-U.S. status, such as providing a valid IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8ECI, or certain other requirements are met. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, backup withholding may apply if either we or our paying agent has actual knowledge, or reason to know, that the
holder is a U.S. person that is not an exempt recipient. Payments of the proceeds from a disposition or a redemption effected outside
the U.S. by a non-U.S. stockholder made by or through a foreign office of a broker generally will not be subject to information
reporting or backup withholding. However, information reporting (but not backup withholding) generally will apply to such a payment
if the broker has certain connections with the U.S. unless the broker has documentary evidence in its records that the beneficial
owner is a non-U.S. stockholder and specified conditions are met or an exemption is otherwise established. Payment of the proceeds
from a disposition by a non-U.S. stockholder of shares of our common stock made by or through the U.S. office of a broker is generally
subject to information reporting and backup withholding unless the non-U.S. stockholder certifies under penalties of perjury that
it is not a U.S. person and satisfies certain other requirements, or otherwise establishes an exemption from information reporting
and backup withholding.
Backup
withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be refunded or credited
against the stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability if certain required information is furnished to the IRS. Stockholders
should consult their own tax advisors regarding application of backup withholding to them and the availability of, and procedure
for obtaining an exemption from, backup withholding.
U.S.
withholding tax at a 30% rate will be imposed on dividends received by U.S. stockholders who own shares of our common stock through
foreign accounts or foreign intermediaries if certain disclosure requirements related to U.S. accounts or ownership are not satisfied.
In addition, if those disclosure requirements are not satisfied, a U.S. withholding tax at a 30% rate will be imposed on proceeds
from the sale of shares of our common stock received by U.S. stockholders who own shares of our common stock through foreign accounts
or foreign intermediaries. In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of capital gain distributions to any U.S. stockholders
who fail to certify their non-foreign status to us. We will not pay any additional amounts in respect of amounts withheld.
Other Tax Consequences
Tax Aspects of Our
Investments in Our Operating Partnership and Subsidiary Partnerships
The
following discussion summarizes certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to our direct or indirect investments
in our operating partnership and any subsidiary partnerships or limited liability companies that we form or acquire (each individually
a “Partnership” and, collectively, the “Partnerships”). The discussion does not cover state or local tax
laws or any federal tax laws other than income tax laws.
Classification
as Partnerships. We are entitled to include in our income our distributive share of each Partnership’s income and to
deduct our distributive share of each Partnership’s losses only if such Partnership is classified for U.S. federal income
tax purposes as a partnership (or an entity that is disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes if the entity is treated as
having only one owner or member for U.S. federal income tax purposes) rather than as a corporation or an association taxable as
a corporation. An unincorporated entity with at least two owners or members will be classified as a partnership, rather than as
a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes if it:
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is treated as a partnership under the Treasury Regulations relating to entity classification (the
“check-the-box regulations”); and
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is not a “publicly-traded partnership.”
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Under
the check-the-box regulations, an unincorporated entity with at least two owners or members may elect to be classified either as
an association taxable as a corporation or as a partnership. If such an entity fails to make an election, it generally will be
treated as a partnership (or an entity that is disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes if the entity is treated as having
only one owner or member for U.S. federal income tax purposes) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Once our operating partnership
is no longer treated as a disregarded entity, we intend for our operating partnership intends to be classified as a partnership
for U.S. federal income tax purposes and will not cause our operating partnership to elect to be treated as an association taxable
as a corporation under the check-the-box regulations.
A publicly-traded
partnership is a partnership whose interests are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary
market or the substantial equivalent thereof. A publicly-traded partnership will not, however, be treated as a corporation for
any taxable year if, for each taxable year beginning after December 31, 1987 in which it was classified as a publicly-traded
partnership, 90% or more of the partnership’s gross income for such year consists of certain passive-type income, including
real property rents, gains from the sale or other disposition of real property, interest, and dividends, or (the “90% passive
income exception”). Treasury Regulations provide limited safe harbors from the definition of a publicly-traded partnership.
Pursuant to one of those safe harbors (the “private placement exclusion”), interests in a partnership will not be treated
as readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof if (1) all interests in the partnership were
issued in a transaction or transactions that were not required to be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and
(2) the partnership does not have more than 100 partners at any time during the partnership’s taxable year. In determining
the number of partners in a partnership, a person owning an interest in a partnership, grantor trust, or S corporation that owns
an interest in the partnership is treated as a partner in such partnership only if (1) substantially all of the value of the
owner’s interest in the entity is attributable to the entity’s direct or indirect interest in the partnership and (2) a
principal purpose of the use of the entity is to permit the partnership to satisfy the 100-partner limitation. Each Partnership
in which we own an interest currently qualifies for the private placement exclusion.
We
have not requested and do not intend to request a ruling from the IRS that our operating partnership will be classified as a partnership
for U.S. federal income tax purposes once it is treated as having two or more partners for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If
for any reason our operating partnership were taxable as a corporation, rather than as a partnership, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, we likely would not be able to qualify as a REIT unless we qualified for certain relief provisions. See “—
Gross Income Tests” and “— Asset Tests.” In addition, any change in a Partnership’s status for tax
purposes might be treated as a taxable event, in which case we might incur tax liability without any related cash distribution.
See “— Distribution Requirements.” Further, items of income and deduction of such Partnership would not pass
through to its partners, and its partners would be treated as stockholders for tax purposes. Consequently, such Partnership would
be required to pay income tax at corporate rates on its net income, and distributions to its partners would constitute dividends
that would not be deductible in computing such Partnership’s taxable income.
Income Taxation of
the Partnerships and their Partners
Partners,
Not the Partnerships, Subject to Tax. A partnership is not a taxable entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Rather, we
are required to take into account our allocable share of each Partnership’s income, gains, losses, deductions, and credits
for any taxable year of such Partnership ending within or with our taxable year, without regard to whether we have received or
will receive any distribution from such Partnership.
Partnership
Allocations. Although a partnership agreement generally will determine the allocation of income and losses among partners,
such allocations will be disregarded for tax purposes if they do not comply with the provisions of the U.S. federal income tax
laws governing partnership allocations. If an allocation is not recognized for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the item subject
to the allocation will be reallocated in accordance with the partners’ interests in the partnership, which will be determined
by taking into account all of the facts and circumstances relating to the economic arrangement of the partners with respect to
such item. Each Partnership’s allocations of taxable income, gain, and loss are intended to comply with the requirements
of the U.S. federal income tax laws governing partnership allocations.
Tax
Allocations with Respect to Partnership Properties. Income, gain, loss, and deduction attributable to appreciated or depreciated
property that is contributed to a partnership in exchange for an interest in the partnership must be allocated in a manner such
that the contributing partner is charged with, or benefits from, respectively, the unrealized gain or unrealized loss associated
with the property at the time of the contribution. The amount of the unrealized gain or unrealized loss (“built-in gain”
or “built-in loss”) is generally equal to the difference between the fair market value of the contributed property
at the time of contribution and the adjusted tax basis of such property at the time of contribution (a “book-tax difference”).
Any property purchased for cash initially will have an adjusted tax basis equal to its fair market value, resulting in no book-tax
difference.
Allocations
with respect to book-tax differences are solely for U.S. federal income tax purposes and do not affect the book capital accounts
or other economic or legal arrangements among the partners. The U.S. Treasury Department has issued regulations requiring partnerships
to use a “reasonable method” for allocating items with respect to which there is a book-tax difference and outlining
several reasonable allocation methods. Under certain available methods, the carryover basis of contributed properties in the hands
of our operating partnership (1) could cause us to be allocated lower amounts of depreciation deductions for tax purposes
than would be allocated to us if all contributed properties were to have a tax basis equal to their fair market value at the time
of the contribution and (2) in the event of a sale of such properties, could cause us to be allocated taxable gain in excess
of the economic or book gain allocated to us as a result of such sale, with a corresponding benefit to the contributing partners.
An allocation described in (2) above might cause us to recognize taxable income in excess of cash proceeds in the event of
a sale or other disposition of property, which might adversely affect our ability to comply with the REIT distribution requirements
and may result in a greater portion of our distributions being taxed as dividends. We have not yet decided what method will be
used to account for book-tax differences.
Sale of a Partnership’s
Property
Generally,
any gain realized by a Partnership on the sale of property held by the Partnership for more than one year will be long-term capital
gain, except for any portion of such gain that is treated as depreciation or cost recovery recapture. Under Section 704(c) of
the Code, any gain or loss recognized by a Partnership on the disposition of contributed properties will be allocated first to
the partners of the Partnership who contributed such properties to the extent of their built-in gain or loss on those properties
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The partners’ built-in gain or loss on such contributed properties will equal the difference
between the partners’ proportionate share of the book value of those properties and the partners’ tax basis allocable
to those properties at the time of the contribution as reduced for any decrease in the “book-tax difference.” See “—
Income Taxation of the Partnerships and their Partners — Tax Allocations with Respect to Partnership Properties.” Any
remaining gain or loss recognized by the Partnership on the disposition of the contributed properties, and any gain or loss recognized
by the Partnership on the disposition of the other properties, will be allocated among the partners in accordance with their respective
percentage interests in the Partnership.
Our
share of any gain realized by a Partnership on the sale of any property held by the Partnership as inventory or other property
held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of the Partnership’s trade or business will be treated as income
from a prohibited transaction that is subject to a 100% penalty tax. Such prohibited transaction income also may have an adverse
effect upon our ability to satisfy the income tests for REIT qualification. See “— Gross Income Tests.” We do
not presently intend to acquire or hold or to allow any Partnership to acquire or hold any property that represents inventory or
other property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of our or such Partnership’s trade or business.
Legislative or Other
Actions Affecting REITs
The
present federal income tax treatment of REITs may be modified, possibly with retroactive effect, by legislative, judicial or administrative
action at any time. The REIT rules are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS
and the U.S. Treasury Department which may result in statutory changes as well as revisions to regulations and interpretations.
Additionally, several of the tax considerations described herein are currently under review and are subject to change. Prospective
stockholders are urged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding the effect of potential changes to the federal tax laws
on an investment in shares of our common stock.
State and Local Taxes
We
and/or you may be subject to taxation by various states and localities, including those in which we or a stockholder transacts
business, owns property or resides. The state and local tax treatment may differ from the U.S. federal income tax treatment described
above. Consequently, you should consult your own tax advisors regarding the effect of state and local tax laws upon an investment
in shares of our common stock.
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a
summary of material considerations arising under ERISA and the prohibited transaction provisions of the Code that may be relevant
to a prospective purchaser, including plans and arrangements subject to the fiduciary rules of ERISA and plans or entities
that hold assets of such plans (“ERISA Plans”); plans and accounts that are not subject to ERISA but are subject to
the prohibited transaction rules of Section 4975 of the Code, including IRAs, Keogh plans, and medical savings accounts
(together with ERISA Plans, “Benefit Plans” or “Benefit Plan Investors”); and governmental plans, church
plans, and foreign plans that are exempt from ERISA and the prohibited transaction provisions of the Code but that may be subject
to state law or other requirements, which we refer to as Other Plans. This discussion does not address all the aspects of ERISA,
the Code or other laws that may be applicable to a Benefit Plan or Other Plan, in light of their particular circumstances.
In considering whether
to invest a portion of the assets of a Benefit Plan or Other Plan, fiduciaries should consider, among other things, whether the
investment:
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will be consistent with applicable fiduciary obligations;
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will be in accordance with the documents and instruments covering the investments by such plan,
including its investment policy;
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in the case of an ERISA plan, will satisfy the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections
404(a)(1)(B) and 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA, if applicable, and other provisions of the Code and ERISA;
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will impair the liquidity of the Benefit Plan or Other Plan;
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will result in unrelated business taxable income to the plan; and
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will provide sufficient liquidity, as there may be only a limited market to sell or otherwise dispose
of our stock
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ERISA and the corresponding
provisions of the Code prohibit a wide range of transactions involving the assets of the Benefit Plan and persons who have specified
relationships to the Benefit Plan, who are “parties in interest” within the meaning of ERISA and, “disqualified
persons” within the meaning of the Code. Thus, a designated plan fiduciary of a Benefit Plan considering an investment in
our shares should also consider whether the acquisition or the continued holding of our shares might constitute or give rise to
a prohibited transaction. Fiduciaries of Other Plans should satisfy themselves that the investment is in accord with applicable
law.
Section 3(42)
of ERISA and regulations issued by the Department of Labor provide guidance on the definition of plan assets under ERISA. These
regulations also apply under the Code for purposes of the prohibited transaction rules. Under the regulations, if a plan acquires
an equity interest in an entity which is neither a “publicly-offered security” nor a security issued by an investment
company registered under the Investment Company Act, the plan’s assets would include both the equity interest and an undivided
interest in each of the entity’s underlying assets unless an exception from the plan asset regulations applies.
The regulations define
a publicly-offered security as a security that is:
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“freely-transferable;” and
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either part of a class of securities registered under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or sold in connection with an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of
1933, provided the securities are registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 within 120 days (or such later time as may
be allowed by the Securities and Exchange Commission) after the end of the fiscal year of the issuer during which the offering
occurred.
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The regulations provide
that a security is “widely held” only if it is part of a class of securities that is owned by 100 or more investors
independent of the issuer and of one another. A security will not fail to be widely held because the number of independent investors
falls below 100 subsequent to the initial public offering as a result of events beyond the issuer’s control. As of December 31,
2017, our common stock is held by 100 or more independent investors.
The regulations provide
that whether a security is “freely transferable” is a factual question to be determined on the basis of all relevant
facts and circumstances. If a security is part of an offering in which the minimum investment is $10,000 or less, the regulations
provide that certain restrictions ordinarily will not, alone or in combination, affect the determination of whether a security
is freely transferable. The restrictions identified in the regulations which will not ordinarily prevent a security from being
freely transferable include:
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any restriction on or prohibition against any transfer or assignment that would result in the termination or reclassification
of an entity for federal or state tax purposes, or that otherwise would violate any federal or state law or court order;
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any requirement that advance notice of a transfer or assignment be given to the issuer;
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any administrative procedure that establishes an effective date, or an event, such as completion of an offering, prior to which
a transfer or assignment will not be effective;
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any restriction on or prohibition against any transfer or assignment to an ineligible or unsuitable investor; and
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any limitation or restriction on transfer or assignment that is not imposed by the issuer or a person acting on behalf of the
issuer.
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We believe that the
restrictions imposed under our charter on the ownership and transfer of our common stock should not prevent our common stock from
being freely transferable for purposes of the Department of Labor plan asset regulations. However, no assurance can be given that
the Department of Labor or the Treasury Department will not reach a contrary conclusion.
Our shares of common
stock are being sold in connection with an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 and will be registered
under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 at the completion of this offering. We believe that registration
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on that basis should satisfy the requirements of the “publicly-offered securities”
exception.
If the underlying assets
of our company were treated by the Department of Labor as “plan assets,” the management of our company would be treated
as fiduciaries with respect to Benefit Plan stockholders and the prohibited transaction restrictions of ERISA and the Code could
apply to transactions involving our assets and transactions with “parties in interest” (as defined in ERISA) or “disqualified
persons” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code) with respect to Benefit Plan stockholders. If the underlying assets
of our company were treated as “plan assets,” an investment in our company also might constitute an improper delegation
of fiduciary responsibility to our company under ERISA and expose the ERISA Plan fiduciary to co-fiduciary liability under ERISA
and might result in an impermissible commingling of plan assets with other property.
If a prohibited transaction
were to occur, an excise tax equal to 15% of the amount involved would be imposed under the Code, with an additional 100% excise
tax if the prohibited transaction is not “corrected.” Such taxes will be imposed on any disqualified person who participates
in the prohibited transaction. In addition, our Manager, and possibly other fiduciaries of Benefit Plan stockholders subject to
ERISA who permitted such prohibited transaction to occur or who otherwise breached their fiduciary responsibilities, could be required
to restore to the plan any losses suffered by the ERISA Plan or any profits realized by these fiduciaries as a result of the transaction
or beach. With respect to an IRA or similar account that invests in our company, the occurrence of a prohibited transaction involving
the individual who established the IRA, or his or her beneficiary, would cause the IRA to lose its tax-exempt status. In that event,
the IRA or other account owner generally would be taxed on the fair market value of all the assets in the account as of the first
day of the owner’s taxable year in which the prohibited transaction occurred.
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain
legal and tax matters, including the validity of the shares of common stock offered hereby, will be passed upon for us by Kaplan
Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC. Kaplan Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC also provides legal services to
some of our affiliates. The statements under the caption “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations” as they relate
to U.S. federal income tax matters have been reviewed by our tax counsel, which will opine as to certain federal income tax matters
relating to our company. Kaplan Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC will issue an opinion regarding certain matters of Maryland
law, including the validity of the shares of common stock offered hereby.
EXPERTS
The (i) consolidated
financial statements of Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2019 and December 31,
2019, and for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2019, (ii) the
statement of revenues and certain operating expenses of Ashley Plaza for the year ended December 31, 2018 and (iii) the
statement of revenues and certain operating expenses of Brookfield Center for the year ended December 31, 2018, all
incorporated by reference in this prospectus, have been audited by Cherry Bekaert LLP, an independent registered public accounting
firm, as set forth in their reports thereon, and are included in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm
as experts in accounting and auditing.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to “incorporate
by reference” into this prospectus certain information filed with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information
to you by referring you directly to certain documents. Any statement in a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus
will be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent a statement contained in this prospectus modifies or supersedes such
statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute
a part of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below:
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The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 24, 2020;
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The Company’s Amendment No. 1 to its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on April 1, 2020;
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The Company’s Amendment No. 2 to its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on April 2, 2020;
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The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on May 14, 2020;
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The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on August 13, 2020;
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The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on November 13, 2020;
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The Company’s Current Reports on Form 8-K, or amendment thereto, filed with the Commission on September 24, 2019, October 15, 2019, February 20, 2020, March 17, 2020, April 29, 2020, May 18, 2020, August 5, 2020, August 24, 2020, September 22, 2020, November 2, 2020 and November 13, 2020;
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The Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed with the Commission on June 12, 2020; and
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The description of our common stock contained in our Form 8-A, filed October 25, 2018, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating the description.
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You should rely only on the information
provided or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with additional or different
information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the
front cover of this prospectus.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with
the SEC a registration statement on Form S-11, as amended, of which this prospectus is a part under the Securities Act of
1933 with respect to the shares offered by this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in
the registration statement, portions of which have been omitted as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. Statements
contained in this prospectus as to the content of any contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement
are necessarily summaries of such contract or other document, with each such statement being qualified in all respects by such
reference and the schedules and exhibits to this prospectus. For further information regarding our company and the shares offered
by this prospectus, reference is made by this prospectus to the registration statement and such schedules and exhibits.
We will provide to
each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom our prospectus is delivered, upon request, a copy of any or all of the information
that we have incorporated by reference into our prospectus but not delivered with our prospectus. To receive a free copy of any
of the documents incorporated by reference in our prospectus, other than exhibits, unless they are specifically incorporated by
reference in those documents, call or write us at:
Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc.
1051 E. Cary Street, Suite 601
James Center Three
Richmond, Virginia 23219
(804) 344-4435
The
registration statement and the schedules and exhibits forming a part of the registration statement filed by us with the SEC can
be inspected and copies obtained from the Securities and Exchange Commission at Room 1580, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C.
20549. Copies of such material can be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the Securities and Exchange Commission,
Room 1580, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. In addition, the SEC maintains a website that contains
reports, proxies and information statements and other information regarding our company and other registrants that have
been filed electronically with the SEC. The address of such site is http://www.sec.gov.
MEDALIST DIVERSIFIED REIT, INC.
Up to 2,075,000 Shares
Common Stock
PROSPECTUS
December ,
2020
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 31. Other Expenses
of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets
forth the costs and expenses of the sale and distribution of the securities being registered, all of which are being borne by us.
All amounts shown are estimates except for the SEC registration fee and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.,
or FINRA, filing fee.
Securities and Exchange Commission Registration Fee
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$
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501
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FINRA Filing Fee
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*
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Nasdaq Capital Market Filing Fee
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*
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Printing and Engraving Expenses
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*
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Legal Fees and Expenses
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*
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Accounting Fees and Expenses
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*
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Transfer Agent and Registrar Fees
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*
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Miscellaneous
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*
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Total
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$
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*
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*To be completed by amendment.
Item 32. Sales to Special Parties
None
Item 33. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
During
2017, our company issued 1,148,000 shares of common stock at $10 per share, subject to issuance costs and discounts. The net proceeds
were used to finance a portion of the purchase price of and pay expenses related to the acquisition of our Initial Portfolio. In
addition, our company issued 125,000 OP Units in exchange for $1,175,000 contribution of equity in the Greensboro Hampton Inn.
These shares were issued pursuant to an exemption from registration pursuant to Regulation A promulgated under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act.
During
January and February 2018, our company issued 839,080 shares of common stock at $10 per share, subject to issuance costs
and discounts. The net proceeds were used to (i) retire the short-term notes payable used to finance the purchase of the Greensboro
Hampton Inn and (ii) fund our company’s acquisition of Hanover Square North, which closed in May 2018. These shares
were issued pursuant to an exemption from registration pursuant to Regulation A promulgated under the Securities Act.
During June 2018,
our company issued 8,500 shares of common stock at $10 per share, subject to issuance costs and discounts. The net proceeds were
used as working capital and general corporate purposes. These shares were issued pursuant to an exemption from registration pursuant
to Regulation A promulgated under the Securities Act.
During September 2018,
our company issued warrants to purchase 49,890 shares of our common stock at a price of $0.001 per warrant. The proceeds were used
as working capital and general corporate purposes. The warrants are exercisable from September 12, 2019 through July 8,
2021 at a price of $12.50. The warrants were issued pursuant to an exemption from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) the
Securities Act.
During May 2019,
our company issued shares of common stock at $4.80 per share, subject to issuance costs and discounts. The proceeds were used as
working capital and general corporate purposes. The warrants were issued pursuant to an exemption from registration pursuant to
Section 4(a)(2) the Securities Act.
During January 2020, our company’s
operating partnership issued 93,580 OP Units in exchange for tenant in common interests in the Greensboro Hampton Inn. These securities
were issued pursuant to an exemption from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) the Securities Act.
During October 2020, our company issued
a $1,500,000 convertible debenture. The proceeds were used as working capital and general corporate purposes. The convertible debenture
was issued pursuant to an exemption from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) the Securities Act.
Item 34. Indemnification of Directors
and Officers
Subject to any applicable
limitations set forth under Maryland law or below, (i) no director or officer of our company shall be liable to us or our
stockholders for money damages and (ii) we shall indemnify and pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of the final
disposition of a proceeding to (A) any individual who is a present or former director or officer of us; (B) any individual
who, while a director or officer of us and at our request, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner or trustee of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise from and against any claim or liability
to which such person may become subject or which such person may incur by reason of his service in such capacity; or (C) the
Manager or any of its affiliates.
Under the Maryland
General Corporation Law (the “MGCL”), a Maryland corporation may limit the liability of directors and officers to the
corporation and its stockholders for money damages unless such liability results from actual receipt of an improper benefit or
profit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material
to the cause of action.
In addition, the MGCL
requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the
merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of
his or her service in that capacity and allows directors and officers to be indemnified against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements,
and expenses actually incurred in a proceeding unless the following can be established:
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the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the cause of action adjudicated
in the proceeding, and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty;
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the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services;
or
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with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe
his or her act or omission was unlawful.
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However, under the
MGCL, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a
judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification
and then only for expenses.
Finally, the MGCL permits
a Maryland corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of a written affirmation by the director
or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a written
undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the
standard of conduct was not met.
Notwithstanding anything
to the contrary contained in the paragraphs above, we shall not provide for indemnification of a director, the Manager or any affiliate
of the Manager (the “Indemnitee”) for any liability or loss suffered by any of them or hold such person harmless for
any loss or liability suffered by the registrant, unless all of the following conditions are met:
(i) the Indemnitee
has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of our company;
(ii) the Indemnitee
was acting on behalf of or performing services for us;
(iii) such liability
or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a director (other than an independent
director), the Manager or an affiliate of the Manager or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the
Indemnitee is an independent director;
(iv) such indemnification
or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of net assets and not from stockholders; and
(v) with respect
to losses, liability or expenses arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws, one or more of
the following conditions are met: (A) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged
material securities law violations as to the Indemnitee; (B) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits
by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the Indemnitee; or (C) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement
of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and
the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission
and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which our securities were offered or sold as to indemnification
for violations of securities laws.
Neither the amendment
nor repeal of the provision for indemnification in our charter, nor the adoption or amendment or amendment of any other provision
of our charter or bylaws inconsistent with the provision for indemnification in our charter, shall apply to or affect in any respect
the applicability of the provision for indemnification in our charter with respect to any act or failure to act that occurred prior
to such amendment, repeal or adoption.
We shall pay or reimburse
reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding only if
(in addition to the procedures required by the MGCL) all of the following are satisfied: (a) the proceeding relates to acts
or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of us, (b) the legal proceeding was initiated
by a third party who is not a stockholder or, if by a stockholder acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction
approves such advancement and (c) the Indemnitee provides us with written affirmation of his or her good faith belief that
he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and undertakes to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by
us, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that the particular Indemnitee
is not entitled to indemnification.
Item 35. Treatment of Proceeds from
Stock Being Registered
None.
Item 36. Financial Statements and
Exhibits
(a) The following
financial statements are filed as part of this Registration Statement and included in the Prospectus:
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·
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The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc.
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
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|
·
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The audited consolidated balance sheets of Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. as of December 31,
2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, statements of changes in stockholders’ equity and statements
of cash flows as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.
|
(b) See the Exhibit Index
on the page immediately following the signature page for a list of exhibits filed as part of this Registration Statement
on Form S-11, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 37. Undertakings
Insofar as indemnification
for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Act”) may be permitted to directors, officers and
controlling persons of our company pursuant to the provisions referred to in Item 34 of this registration statement, or otherwise,
we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy
as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of ours in the successful
defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities
being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to
a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question as to whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed
in the Act, and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The
undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To
file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:
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(i)
|
To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
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(ii)
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To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in the volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b)) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement; and
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(iii)
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To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;
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(2) That,
for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, each such post- effective amendment
shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities
at that time shall be deemed to be initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To
remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
(4) That,
for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to any purchaser:
(A) Each
prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the Registration Statement
as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the Registration Statement; and
(B) Each
prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a Registration Statement in
reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose
of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, shall be deemed to
be part of and included in the Registration Statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after
effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided
in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be
deemed to be a new effective date of the Registration Statement relating to the securities in the Registration Statement to which
that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering
thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a Registration Statement or prospectus that is part of the Registration Statement
or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or prospectus that is part
of the Registration Statement will, as to the purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede
or modify any statement that was made in the Registration Statement or prospectus that was part of the Registration Statement or
made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.
(5) That,
for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to any purchaser in the
initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned
registrant pursuant to this Registration Statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser,
if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant
will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
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(i)
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Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
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(ii)
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Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
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(iii)
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The portion of any other free writing prospectuses relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
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(iv)
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Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
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SIGNATURE
PAGE
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe
that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-11 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Richmond, Commonwealth of Virginia on December 22,
2020.
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MEDALIST DIVERSIFIED REIT, INC.
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By:
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/s/ Thomas E. Messier
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Thomas E. Messier
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Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
We,
the undersigned directors and officers of Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. (the “Company”), and each of us, do
hereby constitute and appoint Thomas E. Messier and William R. Elliott, our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with
full power of substitution, to do any and all acts and things in our name and on our behalf in our capacities as directors and
officers of the Company and to execute any and all instruments for us and in our names in the capacities indicated below, which
said attorneys-in-fact or agents may deem necessary or advisable to enable the Company to comply with the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, in connection with the filing
of this Registration Statement on Form S-11, including specifically but without limitation, power and authority to sign for
us or any of us in our names in the capacities indicated below for the Company, any and all amendments (including post-effective
amendments) to such Registration Statement and any related registration statements filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; and we do hereby ratify and confirm all that said attorneys and agents, or their substitutes,
or any of them, shall do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to
the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Form S-11 registration statement has been signed by the following persons
in the following capacities on December 22, 2020.
Name
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|
Title
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Date
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/s/ Thomas E. Messier
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Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
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December 22, 2020
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Thomas E. Messier
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(principal executive officer)
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|
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/s/ Brent Winn, Jr.
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|
Chief Financial Officer
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December 22, 2020
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Brent Winn, Jr.
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(principal accounting officer and principal financial officer)
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|
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/s/ William R. Elliott
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|
President, Chief Operating Officer and
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December 22, 2020
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William R. Elliott
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Vice Chairman of the Board
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/s/ Neil P. Farmer
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Director
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December 22, 2020
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Neil P. Farmer
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|
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/s/ Charles S. Pearson, Jr.
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Director
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December 22, 2020
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Charles S. Pearson, Jr.
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|
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Director
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December 22, 2020
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Charles M. Polk, III
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EXHIBIT INDEX
The following exhibits are
filed as part of this registration statement on Form S-11:
Exhibit
Number
|
|
Description
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3.1
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|
Articles of Incorporation of Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc.*
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3.2
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Articles Supplementary to the Articles of Incorporation of Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. designating the Company’s Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on February 13, 2020).
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3.3
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|
Bylaws of Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. *
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4.1
|
|
Form of Certificate of Common Stock *
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4.2
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Form of Certificate of Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on February 13, 2020)
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4.3
|
|
Form of Convertible Debenture (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 2, 2020).
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5.1
|
|
Opinion of Kaplan Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC as to the legality of the securities being registered **
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8.1
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|
Opinion of Kaplan Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC as to certain federal income tax considerations **
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10.1
|
|
Management Agreement by and among Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. *
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10.2
|
|
Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2016, by and between Medalist Fund 1-A, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
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10.3
|
|
First Amendment Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of September 2016, by and between Medalist Fund 1-A, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
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10.4
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|
Second Amendment Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of April 18, 2017, by and between Medalist Fund 1-A, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
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10.5
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|
Third Amendment Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2017, by and between Medalist Fund 1-A, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
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10.6
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|
Loan Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2016, by and between Medalist Fund 1-A, LLC and Jefferies Loancore LLC*
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10.7
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|
Promissory Note, dated as of February 10, 2016 by Medalist Fund 1-A, LLC for the benefit of Jefferies Loancore LLC*
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10.8
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|
Deed of Trust, Assignment of Leases and Rents, and Security Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2016, by Medalist Fund 1-A, LLC for the benefit of Jefferies Loancore LLC*
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10.9
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Modification, Consent and Assumption Agreement with Release, dated as of April 28, 2017, by and among Medalist Fund 1-A, LLC, MDR Franklin Square, LLC, William R. Elliott, Thomas E. Messier, Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association *
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10.10
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|
Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2016, by and between Medalist Properties 8, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
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10.11
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|
First Amendment and Reinstatement of Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of July 25, 2017, by and between Medalist Properties 8, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
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10.12
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|
Second Amendment and Reinstatement of Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of October 12, 2017, by and between Medalist Properties 8, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
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10.13
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|
Assignment of Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of September 2017, by and among Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P., MDR Greensboro, LLC and PMI Greensboro, LLC *
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10.14
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|
Loan Agreement, dated as of November 3, 2017, by and among MDR Greensboro, LLC, PMI Greensboro, LLC and Benefit Street Partners Realty Operating Partnership, L.P. *
|
10.15
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|
Promissory Note, dated as of November 3, 2017, by MDR Greensboro, LLC and PMI Greensboro, LLC for the benefit of Benefit Street Partners Realty Operating Partnership, L.P. *
|
10.16
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|
Deed of Trust, Security Agreement, Assignment of Leases and Fixture Filing, dated as of November 3, 2017, by MDR Greensboro, LLC and PMI Greensboro, LLC for the benefit of Benefit Street Partners Realty Operating Partnership, L.P. *
|
10.17
|
|
Security Agreement, dated as of November 3, 2017, by MDR Greensboro HI TRS, LLC for the benefit of Benefit Street Partners Realty Operating Partnership, L.P. *
|
10.18
|
|
Tenants in Common Agreement, dated as of November 3, 2017, by and between MDR Greensboro, LLC and PMI Greensboro, LLC *
|
10.19
|
|
First Amendment to Tenants in Common Agreement, dated as of November 3, 2017, by and between MDR Greensboro, LLC and PMI Greensboro, LLC *
|
10.20
|
|
Limited Liability Company Agreement of MDR Greensboro HI TRS, LLC, dated as of September 15, 2017, by and between Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. and Peter Mueller, Inc. *
|
10.21
|
|
Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of February 26, 2018, by and between COF North, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
|
10.22
|
|
Assignment of Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of May 3, 2018, by and between Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P., MDR Hanover Square, LLC and PMI Hanover Sq., LLC *
|
10.23
|
|
Business Loan Agreement, dated as of November 3, 2017, by and between COF North, LLC and Langley Federal Credit Union *
|
10.24
|
|
Promissory Note, dated as of November 3, 2017, by COF North for the benefit of Langley Federal Credit Union *
|
10.25
|
|
Change in Terms Agreement, dated as of May 8, 2018, by MDR Hanover Square, LLC and PMI Hanover Sq., LLC *
|
10.26
|
|
Deed of Trust, dated as of November 3, 2017, by COF North for the benefit of Langley Federal Credit Union *
|
10.27
|
|
Modification of Deed of Trust, dated as of May 8, 2018, by MDR Hanover Square, LLC and PMI Hanover Sq., LLC for the benefit of Langley Federal Credit Union *
|
10.28
|
|
Tenants in Common Agreement, dated as of May 8, 2018, by and between MDR Hanover Square, LLC and PMI Hanover Sq., LLC *
|
10.29
|
|
Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. 2018 Equity Incentive Plan *
|
10.30
|
|
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated May 24, 2019, by and between HERI AUM LCC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 29, 2019).
|
10.31
|
|
Purchase Agreement, dated May 30, 2019, by and among Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc., Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. and Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 31, 2019).
|
10.32
|
|
Placement Agency Agreement, dated May 30, 2019, by and among Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc., Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. and Aegis Capital Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 31, 2019).
|
10.33
|
|
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated July 9, 2019, by and between RCG-Goldsboro, LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 11, 2019).
|
10.34
|
|
Reinstatement of and First Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated July 19, 2019, by and between HERI AUM LLC and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2019).
|
10.35
|
|
Contract of Sale and Purchase, dated July 19, 2019, by and among Appian-Brookfield South 48, LLC, Appian-Brookfield TIC, LLC and Medalist Fund Manager, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 5, 2019).
|
10.36
|
|
Assignment of Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated August 5, 2019, by and between Medalist Fund Manager, Inc. and Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 5, 2019).
|
10.37
|
|
Agreement of Limited Partnership of Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. *
|
10.38
|
|
First Amendment to Agreement of Limited Partnership of Medalist Diversified Holdings, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 20, 2020).
|
10.39
|
|
Escrow Agreement, dated February 18, 2020, by and between Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. and Virginia Commonwealth Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 20, 2020).
|
10.40
|
|
Consulting Agreement, dated as of March 1, 2020, by and between Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. and Gunston Consulting, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 18, 2020).
|
10.41
|
|
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 27, 2020, between Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. and YA II PN, LTD. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 2, 2020).
|
10.42
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of October 27, 2020, between Medalist Diversified REIT, Inc. and YA II PN, LTD. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 2, 2020)
|
21.1
|
|
List of Subsidiaries (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to its Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed January 21, 2020).
|
23.1
|
|
Consent of Kaplan Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC (included in Exhibit 5.1) **
|
23.2
|
|
Consent of Kaplan Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC (included in Exhibit 8.1) **
|
23.3
|
|
Consent of Cherry Bekaert LLP †
|
24.1
|
|
Powers of Attorney (included on the signature page of this Registration Statement on Form S-11).
|
† Filed
herewith.
* Previously
filed with the Amendment to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed by the Registrant with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on October 5, 2018.
** To
be filed by amendment.
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