The head of the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board said Wednesday that the agency is "weeks away" from releasing its findings into what caused the twin battery failures aboard Boeing Co. (BA) 787 Dreamliners.

"We're probably weeks away from being able to tell people what happened and what needs to be changed," NTSB Chairman Deborah Hersman said at an event in Washington, D.C.

The Federal Aviation Administration grounded U.S.-registered 787s on Jan. 16 following two incidents involving lithium-ion batteries, including a fire aboard a parked aircraft in Boston on Jan. 7. The move was followed by other regulators and saw all 50 Dreamliners operated by eight airlines pulled from service.

Ms. Hersman said the investigation isn't only focused on the cause of the battery failures, but is also looking at the certification process as part of the FAA's comprehensive review of the 787's design and manufacturing, which was announced prior to the fleet's grounding.

"We are evaluating assessments that have been made [by Boeing and FAA], whether those assessments were accurate, whether they were complied with and whether more needs to be done," she said.

"And I think that's important before this airplane is back in the air to really understand what the risks are and that they're mitigated effectively."

The NTSB is expected to present new information at a press conference in Washington on Thursday morning.

Ms. Hersman's comments come as the FAA is evaluating a request from Boeing to perform its own flight testing in an attempt to find the root-cause of the recent battery failures. The FAA hasn't yet announced a ruling on Boeing's request.

Write to Jon Ostrower at Jon.Ostrower@wsj.com

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