NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Description of the Business
Calumet Specialty Products Partners, L.P. (the “Company”) is a publicly traded Delaware limited partnership. Its common units are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “CLMT.” The general partner of the Company is Calumet GP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had 79,098,874 limited partner common units and 1,614,261 general partner equivalent units outstanding. The general partner owns 2% of the Company and all of the incentive distribution rights (as defined in the Company’s partnership agreement), while the remaining 98% is owned by limited partners. The general partner employs the Company’s employees and the Company reimburses the general partner for certain of its expenses.
The Company manufactures, formulates, and markets a diversified slate of specialty branded products to customers in various consumer-facing and industrial markets. Calumet is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana and operates twelve facilities throughout North America.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of March 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, included herein have been prepared, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the U.S. have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the following disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the interim periods presented. All adjustments are of a normal nature, unless otherwise disclosed. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the prior years’ unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash include all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase.
Restricted cash represents cash that is legally restricted under the MRL Credit Facility, and it is presented as a non-current asset because it is only available for capital additions related to the renewable diesel project.
Renewable Identification Numbers (“RINs”) Obligation
The Company’s RINs obligation (“RINs Obligation”) is an estimated provision for the future purchase of RINs in order to satisfy the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (“EPA”) requirement to blend renewable fuels into certain transportation fuel products pursuant to the Renewable Fuel Standard (“RFS”). A RIN is a 38-character number assigned to each physical gallon of renewable fuel produced in or imported into the United States. The EPA sets annual volume obligations for the percentage of renewable fuels that must be blended into transportation fuels consumed in the U.S. and, as a producer of transportation fuels from petroleum, the Company is subject to those obligations. Compliance is demonstrated by tendering RINs to the EPA documenting that blending has been accomplished. To the extent the Company is unable to physically blend renewable fuels to satisfy the EPA requirement, it may purchase RINs in the open market to satisfy the annual obligations.
The Company accounts for its current period RINs obligation by multiplying the quantity of RINs shortage (based on actual results) by the period end RINs spot price, which is recorded as a RINs obligation in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2022, the Company’s RINs obligation for all outstanding compliance years is presented as a current liability in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company’s RINs obligations for compliance years 2019 and 2020 was presented as a current liability in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and the Company’s RINs obligation for compliance year 2021 was presented as a long-term liability in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. This liability is revalued at the end of each subsequent accounting period, which produces non-cash mark-to-market adjustments that are reflected in cost of sales in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations (with the exception of RINs for compliance year 2019 related to the San Antonio refinery, which amount is reflected in other operating expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations). RINs generated by blending may be sold or held to offset future RINs Obligations. Any gains or losses from RINs sales are recorded in cost of sales in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The liabilities associated with the Company’s RINs obligation are considered recurring fair value measurements. Please read Note 6 - “Commitments and Contingencies” for further information on the Company’s RINs obligation.
3. Revenue Recognition
The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates revenue. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods promised within each contract and determines the performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
Products
The Company manufactures, formulates, and markets a diversified slate of specialty branded products to customers in various consumer-facing and industrial markets. The Company also produces fuel and fuel related products, including gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, asphalt, and other fuels products. Further, the Company blends, packages and markets high-performance branded specialty products through its Royal Purple, Bel-Ray, and TruFuel brands.
The Company considers customer purchase orders, which in some cases are governed by master sales agreements, to be the contracts with a customer. For each contract, the Company considers the promise to transfer products, each of which are distinct, to be the identified performance obligations. In determining the transaction price, the Company evaluates whether the price is subject to variable consideration such as product returns, rebates or other discounts to determine the net consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled. The Company transfers control and recognizes revenue upon shipment to the customer or, in certain cases, upon receipt by the customer in accordance with contractual terms.
Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied and control of the promised goods are transferred to the customer. The contract with the customer states the final terms of the sale, including the description, quantity and price of each product or service purchased. For fuel products, payment is typically due in full between 2 to 30 days of delivery or the start of the contract term, such that payment is typically collected 2 to 30 days subsequent to the satisfaction of performance obligations. For specialty products, payment is typically due in full between 30 to 90 days of delivery or the start of the contract term, such that payment is typically collected 30 to 90 days subsequent to the satisfaction of performance obligations. In the normal course of business, the Company does not accept product returns unless the item is defective as manufactured. The expected costs associated with a product assurance warranty continue to be recognized as expense when products are sold. The Company does not offer promised services that could be considered warranties that are sold separately or provide a service in addition to assurance that the related product complies with agreed upon specifications. The Company establishes provisions based on the methods described in ASC 606 for estimated returns as variable consideration when determining the transaction price.
Excise and Sales Taxes
The Company assesses, collects and remits excise taxes associated with the sale of certain of its fuel products. Furthermore, the Company collects and remits sales taxes associated with certain sales of its products to non-exempt customers. The Company excludes excise taxes and sales taxes that are collected from customers from the transaction price in its contracts with customers. Accordingly, revenue from contracts with customers is net of sales-based taxes that are collected from customers and remitted to taxing authorities.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling costs are deemed to be fulfillment activities rather than a separate distinct performance obligation.
Cost of Obtaining Contracts
The Company may incur incremental costs to obtain a sales contract, which under ASC 606 should be capitalized and amortized over the life of the contract. The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient in ASC 340-40-50-5 allowing the Company to expense these costs since the contracts are short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less.
Contract Balances
Under product sales contracts, the Company invoices customers for performance obligations that have been satisfied, at which point payment is unconditional. Accordingly, a product sales contract does not give rise to contract assets or liabilities under ASC 606. The Company’s receivables, net of allowance for expected credit losses from contracts with customers as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were $306.1 million and $216.8 million, respectively.
Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations
The Company’s product sales are short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. The Company has utilized the practical expedient in ASC 606-10-50-14 exempting the Company from disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less. Additionally, each unit of product generally represents a separate performance obligation; therefore, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.
4. Inventories
The cost of inventory is recorded using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method. An actual valuation of inventory under the LIFO method can be made only at the end of each year based on the inventory levels and costs at that time. Accordingly, interim LIFO calculations are based on management’s estimates of expected year-end inventory levels and costs and are subject to the final year-end LIFO inventory valuation. In certain circumstances, the Company may decide not to replenish inventory for certain products or product lines during an interim period, in which case, the Company may record interim LIFO adjustments during that period. During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded no activity (exclusive of lower of cost or market (“LCM”) adjustments) in cost of sales in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations due to the permanent liquidation of inventory layers.
Costs include crude oil and other feedstocks, labor, processing costs and refining overhead costs. Inventories are valued at the LCM value. The replacement cost of these inventories, based on current market values, would have been $130.4 million and $64.9 million higher than the carrying value of inventory as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
On March 31, 2017 and June 19, 2017, the Company sold inventory comprised of crude oil and refined products to Macquarie Energy North America Trading Inc. (“Macquarie”) under Supply and Offtake Agreements as described in Note 7 - “Inventory Financing Agreements” related to the Great Falls and Shreveport refineries, respectively.
Inventories consist of the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Titled Inventory | | Supply and Offtake Agreements (1) | | Total | | Titled Inventory | | Supply and Offtake Agreements (1) | | Total |
Raw materials | $ | 45.1 | | | $ | 16.3 | | | $ | 61.4 | | | $ | 41.0 | | | $ | 19.9 | | | $ | 60.9 | |
Work in process | 58.1 | | | 24.8 | | | 82.9 | | | 52.5 | | | 28.5 | | | 81.0 | |
Finished goods | 126.6 | | | 66.7 | | | 193.3 | | | 121.1 | | | 63.6 | | | 184.7 | |
| $ | 229.8 | | | $ | 107.8 | | | $ | 337.6 | | | $ | 214.6 | | | $ | 112.0 | | | $ | 326.6 | |
(1)Amounts represent LIFO value and do not necessarily represent the value at which the inventory was sold. Please read Note 7 - “Inventory Financing Agreements” for further information.
In addition, the use of the LIFO inventory method may result in increases or decreases to cost of sales in years that inventory volumes decline as the result of charging cost of sales with LIFO inventory costs generated in prior periods. In periods of rapidly declining prices, LIFO inventories may have to be written down to market value due to the higher costs assigned to LIFO layers in prior periods. During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded a
decrease in cost of sales in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations of $6.0 million and $22.7 million, respectively.
5. Leases
The Company has various operating and finance leases primarily for the use of land, storage tanks, railcars, equipment, precious metals and office facilities that have remaining lease terms of greater than one year to 18 years, some of which include options to extend the lease for up to 33 years, and some of which include options to terminate the lease within one year.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to the Company’s leases for the periods presented were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Assets: | Classification: | | | |
Operating lease assets | Other noncurrent assets, net | $ | 144.8 | | | $ | 157.7 | |
Finance lease assets | Property, plant and equipment, net (1) | 3.1 | | | 4.2 | |
Total leased assets | | $ | 147.9 | | | $ | 161.9 | |
Liabilities: | | | | |
Current | | | | |
Operating | Other current liabilities | $ | 66.3 | | | $ | 65.1 | |
Finance | Current portion of long-term debt | 0.8 | | | 0.8 | |
Non-current | | | | |
Operating | Other long-term liabilities | 79.2 | | | 93.1 | |
Finance | Long-term debt, less current portion | 2.9 | | | 3.2 | |
Total lease liabilities | | $ | 149.2 | | | $ | 162.2 | |
(1)Finance lease assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $3.6 million and $4.1 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The components of lease expense related to the Company’s leases for the periods presented were as follows (in millions).
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | | |
Lease Costs: | Classification: | 2022 | | 2021 | | | | |
Fixed operating lease cost | Cost of Sales; SG&A Expenses | $ | 18.7 | | | $ | 11.8 | | | | | |
Short-term operating lease cost (1) | Cost of Sales; SG&A Expenses | 2.0 | | | 1.8 | | | | | |
Variable operating lease cost (2) | Cost of Sales; SG&A Expenses | 0.7 | | | 3.7 | | | | | |
Finance lease cost: | | | | | | | | |
Amortization of finance lease assets | Cost of Sales | 0.2 | | | 0.2 | | | | | |
Interest on lease liabilities | Interest expense | 1.1 | | | 0.1 | | | | | |
Total lease cost | | $ | 22.7 | | | $ | 17.6 | | | | | |
(1)The Company’s leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)The Company’s railcar leases typically include a mileage limit the railcar can travel over the life of the lease. For any mileage incurred over this limit, the Company is obligated to pay an agreed upon dollar value for each mile that is traveled over the limit.
As of March 31, 2022, the Company had estimated minimum commitments for the payment of rentals under leases which, at inception, had a noncancelable term of more than one year, as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Maturity of Lease Liabilities | Operating Leases (1) | | Finance Leases (2) | | Total |
2022 | $ | 55.9 | | | $ | 0.8 | | | $ | 56.7 | |
2023 | 70.8 | | | 1.0 | | | 71.8 | |
2024 | 12.1 | | | 1.0 | | | 13.1 | |
2025 | 8.1 | | | 0.7 | | | 8.8 | |
2026 | 3.9 | | | 0.6 | | | 4.5 | |
Thereafter | 9.6 | | | 0.2 | | | 9.8 | |
Total | $ | 160.4 | | | $ | 4.3 | | | $ | 164.7 | |
Less: Interest | 14.9 | | | 0.6 | | | 15.5 | |
Present value of lease liabilities | $ | 145.5 | | | $ | 3.7 | | | $ | 149.2 | |
Less obligations due within one year | 66.3 | | | 0.8 | | | 67.1 | |
Long-term lease obligation | $ | 79.2 | | | $ | 2.9 | | | $ | 82.1 | |
(1)As of March 31, 2022, the Company’s operating lease payments included no material options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised. The Company has no legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced as of March 31, 2022.
(2)As of March 31, 2022, the Company’s finance lease payments included no material options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised. The Company has no legally binding minimum lease payments for leases that have been signed but not yet commenced as of March 31, 2022.
Weighted-Average Lease Term and Discount Rate
The weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate for the Company’s operating and finance leases were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2022 | December 31, 2021 |
Lease Term and Discount Rate: | | |
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years): | | |
Operating leases | 2.9 | 3.1 |
Finance leases | 4.5 | 4.8 |
Weighted-average discount rate: | | |
Operating leases | 6.9 | % | 7.0 | % |
Finance leases | 7.2 | % | 7.3 | % |
6. Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, the Company is a party to certain claims and litigation incidental to its business, including claims made by various taxation and regulatory authorities, such as the Internal Revenue Service, the EPA and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”), as well as various state environmental regulatory bodies and state and local departments of revenue, as the result of audits or reviews of the Company’s business. In addition, the Company has property, business interruption, general liability and various other insurance policies that may result in certain losses or expenditures being reimbursed to the Company.
Environmental
The Company conducts crude oil and specialty refining, blending and terminal operations and such activities are subject to stringent federal, regional, state and local laws and regulations governing worker health and safety, the discharge of materials into the environment and environmental protection. These laws and regulations impose obligations that are applicable to the Company’s operations, such as requiring the acquisition of permits to conduct regulated activities, restricting the manner in which the Company may release materials into the environment, requiring remedial activities or capital expenditures to mitigate pollution from former or current operations, requiring the application of specific health and safety criteria addressing worker protection and imposing substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from its operations. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of sanctions, including administrative, civil and criminal penalties; the imposition of investigatory, remedial or corrective action obligations or the incurrence of capital expenditures; the occurrence of delays in the permitting, development or expansion of projects and the issuance of injunctive relief limiting or prohibiting Company activities. Moreover, certain of these laws impose joint and several, strict liability for costs required to remediate and restore sites where petroleum hydrocarbons, wastes or other materials have been released or disposed. In addition, new laws and regulations, new interpretations of existing laws and regulations, increased governmental enforcement or other developments, some of which legal requirements are discussed below, could significantly increase the Company’s operational or compliance expenditures.
Remediation of subsurface contamination is in process at certain of the Company’s refinery sites and is being overseen by the appropriate state agencies. Based on current investigative and remedial activities, the Company believes that the soil and groundwater contamination at these refineries can be controlled or remediated without having a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition. However, such costs are often unpredictable and, therefore, there can be no assurance that the future costs will not become material.
Renewable Identification Numbers Obligation
The RFS allows small refineries to apply at any time for a Small Refinery Exemption (“SRE”) from the renewable blending requirements, and Calumet sought SREs for 2019 and 2020 compliance years. The EPA has not taken a final action on 2019 and 2020 SRE applications. On January 19, 2021, the Company filed a lawsuit against Mr. Andrew Wheeler, who was then Administrator of the EPA, in federal court in the Western District of Louisiana and in the District of Montana seeking an order that the EPA cannot enforce the RINs compliance deadline until the EPA has taken action on the Company’s hardship exemption applications. Both cases currently are stayed through June 30, 2022.
Subsequent to the Company filing those lawsuits, EPA extended the deadlines for 2019 RFS compliance to November 30, 2021 and for 2020 RFS compliance to January 31, 2022. On January 27, 2022, EPA further extended the compliance reporting deadlines and attestation engagement reporting deadlines for program years 2019, 2020 and 2021, calculated based on the future effective dates of other EPA RFS rulemakings.
In December 2021, EPA issued a proposal to deny all currently pending petitions from small refineries seeking SREs, including for program years 2019 and 2020, based on an across the board determination that no refinery suffers disproportionate economic hardship from the RFS program. EPA has not yet taken final action on this proposal.
In April 2022, EPA issued new decisions denying 36 petitions from small refineries seeking SREs for program year 2018 that had been remanded by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit to EPA for reconsideration. EPA had previously granted 31 of these 36 petitions in August 2019, including petitions from the Company. Concurrent with the denial action, EPA provided an alternate compliance approach to allow these 31 small refineries to meet their 2018 compliance obligations without purchasing or redeeming additional RFS credits. In April 2022, the Company filed a petition with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit challenging EPA’s denial of the 2018 SRE petitions.
The Company continues to anticipate that RFS compliance may continue to result in a significant expense for the Specialty Products and Solutions and Montana/Renewables segments. If legal or regulatory changes occur that have the effect of increasing the RINs Obligation, increasing the market price of RINs, or eliminating or narrowing the availability of SRE, the Company could be required to purchase additional RINs in the open market, which may materially increase the costs related to RFS compliance and could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations and liquidity.
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had a RINs Obligation recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets of $310.0 million and $278.9 million, respectively. Please read Note 2 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information.
Occupational Health and Safety
The Company is subject to various laws and regulations relating to occupational health and safety, including the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act, as amended, and comparable state laws. These laws and regulations strictly govern the protection of the health and safety of employees. In addition, OSHA’s hazard communication standard, the EPA’s community
right-to-know regulations under Title III of the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, as amended, and similar state statutes require the Company to maintain information about hazardous materials used or produced in the Company’s operations and provide this information to employees, contractors, state and local government authorities and customers. The Company maintains safety and training programs as part of its ongoing efforts to promote compliance with applicable laws and regulations. The Company conducts periodic audits of process safety management systems at each of its locations subject to this standard. The Company’s compliance with applicable health and safety laws and regulations has required, and continues to require, substantial expenditures. Changes in occupational safety and health laws and regulations or a finding of non-compliance with current laws and regulations could result in additional capital expenditures or operating expenses, as well as civil penalties and, in the event of a serious injury or fatality, criminal charges.
Other Matters, Claims and Legal Proceedings
The Company is subject to matters, claims and litigation incidental to its business. The Company has recorded accruals with respect to certain of its matters, claims and litigation where appropriate, that are reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements but are not individually considered material. For other matters, claims and litigation, the Company has not recorded accruals because it has not yet determined that a loss is probable or because the amount of loss cannot be reasonably estimated. While the ultimate outcome of matters, claims and litigation currently pending cannot be determined, the Company currently does not expect these outcomes, individually or in the aggregate (including matters for which the Company has recorded accruals), to have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The outcome of any matter, claim or litigation is inherently uncertain, however, and if decided adversely to the Company, or if the Company determines that settlement of particular litigation is appropriate, the Company may be subject to liability that could have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Standby Letters of Credit
The Company has agreements with various financial institutions for standby letters of credit, which have been issued primarily to vendors. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had outstanding standby letters of credit of $35.8 million and $32.7 million, respectively, under its senior secured revolving credit facility (the “revolving credit facility”). Please read Note 8 - “Long-Term Debt” for additional information regarding the Company’s revolving credit facility. At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the maximum amount of letters of credit the Company could issue under its revolving credit facility was subject to borrowing base limitations, with a maximum letter of credit sublimit equal to $255.0 million, which may be increased with the consent of the Agent (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to 90% of revolver commitments then in effect ($500.0 million at March 31, 2022 and $600.0 million at December 31, 2021).
Throughput Contract
Prior to 2020, the Company entered into a long-term agreement to transport crude oil at a minimum of 5,000 bpd through a pipeline, which commenced service in the second quarter of 2020. The agreement also contains a capital recovery charge that increases 2% per annum. This agreement is for seven years.
As of March 31, 2022, the estimated minimum unconditional purchase commitments, including the capital recovery charge, under the agreement were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | |
Year | Commitment |
2022 | $ | 2.9 | |
2023 | 3.9 | |
2024 | 4.0 | |
2025 | 4.0 | |
2026 | 4.0 | |
Thereafter | 2.0 | |
Total (1) | $ | 20.8 | |
(1)As of March 31, 2022, the estimated minimum payments for the unconditional purchase commitments have been accrued and are included in other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. This liability was accrued due to the fact that the contract was entered into to supply crude to a divested facility.
7. Inventory Financing Agreements
The Company is party to several agreements with Macquarie to support the operations of the Great Falls refinery and the Shreveport refinery (as amended, the “Supply and Offtake Agreements”). Both agreements have an expiration date of June 30, 2023.
The Supply and Offtake Agreements allow the Company to purchase crude oil from Macquarie or one of its affiliates. Per the Supply and Offtake Agreements, Macquarie will provide up to 30,000 barrels per day of crude oil to the Great Falls refinery and 60,000 barrels per day of crude oil to the Shreveport refinery.
While title to certain inventories will reside with Macquarie, the Supply and Offtake Agreements are accounted for by the Company similar to a product financing arrangement; therefore, the inventories sold to Macquarie will continue to be included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets until processed and sold to a third party.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred an expense of $11.5 million and $1.4 million, respectively, for financing costs related to the Supply and Offtake Agreements, which are included in interest expense in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company has provided cash collateral of $18.3 million related to the initial purchase of the Great Falls and Shreveport inventory to cover credit risk for future crude oil deliveries and potential liquidation risk if Macquarie exercises its rights and sells the inventory to third parties. The collateral was recorded as a reduction to the obligations.
The Supply and Offtake Agreements also include a deferred payment arrangement (“Deferred Payment Arrangement”) whereby the Company can defer payments on just-in-time crude oil purchases from Macquarie owed under the agreements up to the value of the collateral provided (up to 90% of the collateral inventory). The deferred amounts under the Deferred Payment Arrangement bear interest at a rate equal to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 3.25% per annum for both Shreveport and Great Falls. Amounts outstanding under the Deferred Payment Arrangement are included in obligations under inventory financing agreements in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the amount outstanding under the Deferred Payment Arrangement are included within cash flows from financing activities in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had $20.6 million and $17.0 million of deferred payments outstanding, respectively. In addition to the Deferred Payment Arrangement, Macquarie has advanced the Company an additional $5.0 million which remained outstanding as of March 31, 2022.
8. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consisted of the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Borrowings under amended and restated senior secured revolving credit agreement with third-party lenders, interest payments quarterly, borrowings due February 2028, weighted average interest rates of 3.1% and 2.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021, respectively. | $ | 11.0 | | | $ | — | |
| | | |
| | | |
Borrowings under the 2023 Notes, interest at a fixed rate of 7.75%, interest payments semiannually, borrowings due April 2023, effective interest rate of 8.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021, respectively. | — | | | 325.0 | |
Borrowings under the 2024 Secured Notes, interest at a fixed rate of 9.25%, interest payments semiannually, borrowings due July 2024, effective interest rate of 9.5% and 9.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021, respectively. | 200.0 | | | 200.0 | |
Borrowings under the 2025 Notes, interest at a fixed rate of 11.0%, interest payments semiannually, borrowings due April 2025, effective interest rate of 11.4% for each of the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021, respectively. | 550.0 | | | 550.0 | |
Borrowings under the 2027 Notes, interest at a fixed rate of 8.125%, interest payments semiannually, borrowings due July 2027, effective interest rate of 8.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. | 325.0 | | | — | |
MRL Credit Facility, interest payments quarterly, borrowings due November 2024, effective interest rate of 12.2% and 12.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021, respectively. | 306.3 | | | 303.5 | |
Shreveport terminal asset financing arrangement | 62.7 | | | 64.3 | |
MRL asset financing arrangement | 13.9 | | | — | |
Other | — | | | 0.7 | |
Finance lease obligations, at various interest rates, interest and principal payments monthly through June 2028 | 3.7 | | | 4.0 | |
Less unamortized debt issuance costs (1) | (21.8) | | | (17.8) | |
Less unamortized discounts | (1.7) | | | (3.5) | |
Total debt | $ | 1,449.1 | | | $ | 1,426.2 | |
Less current portion of long-term debt | 7.3 | | | 7.4 | |
Total long-term debt | $ | 1,441.8 | | | $ | 1,418.8 | |
(1)Deferred debt issuance costs are being amortized by the effective interest rate method over the lives of the related debt instruments. These amounts are net of accumulated amortization of $19.4 million and $22.5 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
8.125% Senior Notes due 2027 (the “2027 Notes”)
On January 20, 2022, the Company issued and sold $325.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2027 Notes, in a private placement pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act to eligible purchasers at par. The Company received net proceeds of $319.1 million, after deducting the initial purchasers’ discount and offering expenses, which the Company used, along with cash on hand, to fund the redemption of $325.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 2023 Senior Notes at a redemption price of par, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date of February 11, 2022. In conjunction with the redemption of the 2023 Senior Notes, the Company recorded a loss from debt extinguishment of $1.0 million, which is reflected in other income (expense) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Interest on the 2027 Notes is paid semiannually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on July 15, 2022
Senior Notes
The 2024 Secured Notes, 2025 Notes, and 2027 Notes (collectively, the “Senior Notes”) are subject to certain automatic customary releases, including the sale, disposition, or transfer of capital stock or substantially all of the assets of a subsidiary guarantor, designation of a subsidiary guarantor as unrestricted in accordance with the applicable indenture, exercise of legal defeasance option or covenant defeasance option, liquidation or dissolution of the subsidiary guarantor and a subsidiary guarantor ceases to both guarantee other Company debt and to be an obligor under the revolving credit facility. The Company’s operating subsidiaries may not sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of their properties or assets to, or consolidate with or merge into, another company if such a sale would cause a default under the indentures governing the Senior Notes.
The indentures governing the Senior Notes contain covenants that, among other things, restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries to: (i) sell assets; (ii) pay distributions on, redeem or repurchase the Company’s common units or redeem or repurchase its subordinated debt; (iii) make investments; (iv) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue preferred units; (v) create or incur certain liens; (vi) enter into agreements that restrict distributions or other payments from the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to the Company; (vii) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the Company’s assets; (viii) engage in transactions with affiliates and (ix) create unrestricted subsidiaries. These covenants are subject to important exceptions and qualifications. At any time when the Senior Notes are rated investment grade by either Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) and no Default or Event of Default, each as defined in the indentures governing the Senior Notes, has occurred and is continuing, many of these covenants will be suspended. As of March 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the indentures governing the Senior Notes.
Third Amended and Restated Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
On January 20, 2022, the Company entered into the Third Amendment to its revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility Amendment”), which, among other changes, (a) extended the term of the revolving credit facility for five years from the date of the Credit Facility Amendment, (b) reduced aggregate commitments under the revolving credit facility to $500.0 million, which includes a FILO tranche, and (c) replaced LIBOR as a reference interest rate with a new reference interest rate based on Secured Overnight Financing Rate.
The borrowing capacity at March 31, 2022, under the revolving credit facility was approximately $448.5 million. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had $11.0 million of outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and outstanding standby letters of credit of $35.8 million, leaving approximately $401.7 million of unused capacity.
The revolving credit facility contains various covenants that limit, among other things, the Company’s ability to: incur indebtedness; grant liens; dispose of certain assets; make certain acquisitions and investments; redeem or prepay other debt or make other restricted payments such as distributions to unitholders; enter into transactions with affiliates; and enter into a merger, consolidation or sale of assets. Further, the revolving credit facility contains one springing financial covenant which provides that only if the Company’s availability to borrow loans under the revolving credit facility falls below the greater of (i) 10% of the Borrowing Base (as defined in the Credit Agreement) then in effect, and (ii) $35.0 million (which amount is subject to increase in proportion to revolving commitment increases), then the Company will be required to maintain as of the end of each fiscal quarter a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of at least 1.0 to 1.0. As of March 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the revolving credit facility.
Maturities of Long-Term Debt
As of March 31, 2022, principal payments on debt obligations and future minimum rentals on finance lease obligations are as follows (in millions):
| | | | | |
Year | Maturity |
2022 | $ | 5.1 | |
2023 | 8.2 | |
2024 | 515.2 | |
2025 | 559.3 | |
2026 | 10.0 | |
Thereafter | 374.8 | |
Total | $ | 1,472.6 | |
9. Derivatives
The Company is exposed to price risks due to fluctuations in the price of crude oil, refined products, natural gas and precious metals. The Company uses various strategies to reduce its exposure to commodity price risk. The strategies to reduce the Company’s risk utilize both physical forward contracts and financially settled derivative instruments, such as swaps, collars, options and futures, to attempt to reduce the Company’s exposure with respect to:
•crude oil purchases and sales;
•fuel product sales and purchases;
•natural gas purchases;
•precious metals purchases; and
•fluctuations in the value of crude oil between geographic regions and between the different types of crude oil such as New York Mercantile Exchange West Texas Intermediate (“NYMEX WTI”), Light Louisiana Sweet, Western Canadian Select (“WCS”), WTI Midland, Mixed Sweet Blend, Magellan East Houston and ICE Brent.
The Company manages its exposure to commodity markets, credit, volumetric and liquidity risks to manage its costs and volatility of cash flows as conditions warrant or opportunities become available. These risks may be managed in a variety of ways that may include the use of derivative instruments. Derivative instruments may be used for the purpose of mitigating risks associated with an asset, liability and anticipated future transactions and the changes in fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments will affect its earnings and cash flows; however, such changes should be offset by price or rate changes related to the underlying commodity or financial transaction that is part of the risk management strategy. The Company does not speculate with derivative instruments or other contractual arrangements that are not associated with its business objectives.
Speculation is defined as increasing the Company’s natural position above the maximum position of its physical assets or trading in commodities, currencies or other risk bearing assets that are not associated with the Company’s business activities and objectives. The Company’s positions are monitored routinely by a risk management committee to ensure compliance with its stated risk management policy and documented risk management strategies. All strategies are reviewed on an ongoing basis by the Company’s risk management committee, which will add, remove or revise strategies in anticipation of changes in market conditions and/or its risk profiles. Such changes in strategies are to position the Company in relation to its risk exposures in an attempt to capture market opportunities as they arise.
The Company is obligated to repurchase crude oil and refined products from Macquarie at the termination of the Supply and Offtake Agreements in certain scenarios. The Company has determined that the redemption feature on the initially recognized liability related to the Supply and Offtake Agreements is an embedded derivative indexed to commodity prices. As such, the Company has accounted for these embedded derivatives at fair value with changes in the fair value, if any, recorded in Loss on derivative instruments in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company recognizes all derivative instruments at their fair values (please read Note 10 - “Fair Value Measurements”) as either current assets or current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Fair value includes any premiums paid or received and unrealized gains and losses. Fair value does not include any amounts receivable from or payable to counterparties, or collateral provided to counterparties. Derivative asset and liability amounts with the same counterparty are netted against each other for financial reporting purposes in accordance with the provisions of our master netting arrangements.
The following tables summarize the Company’s gross fair values of its derivative instruments, presenting the impact of offsetting derivative liabilities in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets (in millions):
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| | March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Balance Sheet Location | Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities | | Gross Amounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | | Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | | Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities | | Gross Amounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | | Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets |
Derivative instruments not designated as hedges: | | | | | | | | | | |
Specialty Products and Solutions segment: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Inventory financing obligation | Obligations under inventory financing agreements | $ | (32.1) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (32.1) | | | $ | (17.4) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (17.4) | |
Crude oil swaps | Other current liabilities | $ | (1.1) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (1.1) | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Crack spread swaps | Other current liabilities | $ | (6.8) | | | $ | 5.0 | | | $ | (1.8) | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Montana/Renewables segment: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Inventory financing obligation | Obligations under inventory financing agreements | (15.0) | | | — | | | (15.0) | | | (10.5) | | | — | | | (10.5) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivative instruments | | $ | (55.0) | | | $ | 5.0 | | | $ | (50.0) | | | $ | (27.9) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (27.9) | |
The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by its counterparties on these derivative transactions. The Company does not expect nonperformance on any derivative instruments, however, no assurances can be provided. The Company’s credit exposure related to these derivative instruments is represented by the fair value of contracts reported as derivative assets. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had no counterparty relationships in which the derivatives held were in net assets. To manage credit risk, the Company selects and periodically reviews counterparties based on credit ratings. The Company primarily executes its derivative instruments with large financial institutions that have ratings of at least A3 and BBB+ by Moody’s and S&P, respectively. In the event of default, the Company would potentially be subject to losses on derivative instruments with mark-to-market gains. The Company requires collateral from its counterparties when the fair value of the derivatives exceeds agreed-upon thresholds in its master derivative contracts with these counterparties. No such collateral was held by the Company as of March 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021. Collateral received from counterparties is reported in other current liabilities, and collateral held by counterparties is reported in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and is not netted against derivative assets or liabilities. Any outstanding collateral is released to the Company upon settlement of the related derivative instrument liability. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company was not required to provide collateral to its counterparties.
Certain of the Company’s outstanding derivative instruments are subject to credit support agreements with the applicable counterparties which contain provisions setting certain credit thresholds above which the Company may be required to post agreed-upon collateral, such as cash or letters of credit, with the counterparty to the extent that the Company’s mark-to-market net liability, if any, on all outstanding derivatives exceeds the credit threshold amount per such credit support agreement. The majority of the credit support agreements covering the Company’s outstanding derivative instruments also contain a general provision stating that if the Company experiences a material adverse change in its business, in the reasonable discretion of the counterparty, the Company’s credit threshold could be lowered by such counterparty. The Company does not expect that it will experience a material adverse change in its business.
The cash flow impact of the Company’s derivative activities is classified primarily as a change in assets and liabilities in the operating activities section in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedges
For derivative instruments not designated as hedges, the change in fair value of the asset or liability for the period is recorded to Loss on derivative instruments in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Upon the settlement of a derivative not designated as a hedge, the gain or loss at settlement is recorded to Loss on derivative instruments in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company has entered into crack spread swaps, crude oil
swaps, and crude oil basis swaps that do not qualify as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. However, these instruments provide economic hedges of the purchases and sales of the Company’s crude oil and refined products.
The Company recorded the following gains (losses) in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, related to its derivative instruments not designated as hedges (in millions):
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Type of Derivative | Amount of Realized Gain (Loss) Recognized in Loss on Derivative Instruments | | Amount of Unrealized Gain (Loss) Recognized in Loss on Derivative Instruments |
Three Months Ended March 31, | | Three Months Ended March 31, |
2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Specialty Products and Solutions segment: | | | | | | | |
Inventory financing obligation | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (14.7) | | | $ | (5.2) | |
| | | | | | | |
Crack spread swaps | — | | | — | | | (1.8) | | | — | |
Crude oil swaps | — | | | — | | | (1.1) | | | — | |
Montana/Renewables segment: | | | | | | | |
Inventory financing obligation | — | | | — | | | (4.5) | | | (2.4) | |
WCS crude oil basis swaps | — | | | 1.1 | | | — | | | 1.3 | |
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| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Total | $ | — | | | $ | 1.1 | | | $ | (22.1) | | | $ | (6.3) | |
Derivative Positions
At March 31, 2022, the Company had the following notional contract volumes related to outstanding derivative instruments:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Notional Contract Volumes by Year of Maturity |
| Total Outstanding Notional | | 2022 | | Unit of Measure |
Derivative instruments not designated as hedges: | | | | | |
Crack spread swaps - sales | 2,475,000 | | | 2,475,000 | | | Barrels |
Crude oil swaps - purchases | 150,000 | | | 150,000 | | | Barrels |
10. Fair Value Measurements
In accordance with ASC 820, the Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. Observable inputs are from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. These tiers include the following:
•Level 1 — inputs include observable unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
•Level 2 — inputs include other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable
•Level 3 — inputs include unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions
In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation techniques and prioritizes the use of observable inputs. The availability of observable inputs varies from instrument to instrument and depends on a variety of factors including the type of instrument, whether the instrument is actively traded and other characteristics particular to the instrument. For many financial instruments, pricing inputs are readily observable in the market, the valuation methodology used is widely accepted by market participants and the valuation does not require significant management judgment. For other financial instruments, pricing inputs are less observable in the marketplace and may require management judgment.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Derivative Assets and Liabilities
Derivative instruments are reported in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements at fair value. The Company’s derivative instruments consist of over-the-counter contracts, which are not traded on a public exchange. Substantially all of the Company’s derivative instruments are with counterparties that have long-term credit ratings of at least A3 and BBB+ by Moody’s and S&P, respectively.
Commodity derivative instruments are measured at fair value using a market approach. To estimate the fair values of the Company’s commodity derivative instruments, the Company uses the forward rate, the strike price, contractual notional amounts, the risk-free rate of return and contract maturity. Various analytical tests are performed to validate the counterparty data. The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments are adjusted for nonperformance risk and creditworthiness of the counterparty through the Company’s credit valuation adjustment (“CVA”). The CVA is calculated at the counterparty level utilizing the fair value exposure at each payment date and applying a weighted probability of the appropriate survival and marginal default percentages. The Company uses the counterparty’s marginal default rate and the Company’s survival rate when the Company is in a net asset position at the payment date and uses the Company’s marginal default rate and the counterparty’s survival rate when the Company is in a net liability position at the payment date. As a result of applying the applicable CVA at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s net assets and net liabilities changed, in each case, by an immaterial amount.
Observable inputs utilized to estimate the fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments were based primarily on inputs that are readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets. Based on the use of various unobservable inputs, principally non-performance risk, creditworthiness of the counterparties and unobservable inputs in the forward rate, the Company has categorized these derivative instruments as Level 3. Significant increases (decreases) in any of those unobservable inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. The Company believes it has obtained the most accurate information available for the types of derivative instruments it holds. Please read Note 9 - “Derivatives” for further information on derivative instruments.
Pension Assets
Pension assets are reported at fair value in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s investments associated with its pension plan consisted of (i) cash and cash equivalents, (ii) fixed income bond funds, (iii) mutual equity funds, and (iv) mutual balanced funds. The fixed income bond funds, mutual equity funds, and mutual balanced funds are measured at fair value using a market approach based on quoted prices from national securities exchanges and are categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.
Liability Awards
Unit-based compensation liability awards are awards that are currently expected to be settled in cash on their vesting dates, rather than in equity units (“Liability Awards”). The Liability Awards are categorized as Level 1 because the fair value of the Liability Awards is based on the Company’s quoted closing unit price as of each balance sheet date.
Renewable Identification Numbers Obligation
The Company’s RINs Obligation is categorized as Level 2 and is measured at fair value using the market approach based on prices obtained from an independent pricing service. Please read Note 2 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for further information on the Company’s RINs Obligation.
Precious Metals Obligations
The fair value of precious metals obligations is based upon unadjusted exchange-quoted prices and is, therefore, classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.
Hierarchy of Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s recurring assets and liabilities measured at fair value were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Pension plan investments | $ | 32.2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 32.2 | | | $ | 34.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 34.5 | |
Total recurring assets at fair value | $ | 32.2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 32.2 | | | $ | 34.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 34.5 | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivative liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Inventory financing obligation | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (47.1) | | | $ | (47.1) | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (27.9) | | | $ | (27.9) | |
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Crude oil swaps | — | | | — | | | (1.1) | | | (1.1) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
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Crack spread swaps | — | | | — | | | (1.8) | | | (1.8) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
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Total derivative liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (50.0) | | | $ | (50.0) | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (27.9) | | | $ | (27.9) | |
RINs obligation | — | | | (310.0) | | | — | | | (310.0) | | | — | | | (278.9) | | | — | | | (278.9) | |
Precious metals obligations | (7.0) | | | — | | | — | | | (7.0) | | | (6.8) | | | — | | | — | | | (6.8) | |
Liability awards | (45.5) | | | — | | | — | | | (45.5) | | | (63.1) | | | — | | | — | | | (63.1) | |
Total recurring liabilities at fair value | $ | (52.5) | | | $ | (310.0) | | | $ | (50.0) | | | $ | (412.5) | | | $ | (69.9) | | | $ | (278.9) | | | $ | (27.9) | | | $ | (376.7) | |
The table below sets forth a summary of net changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets and liabilities (in millions):
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| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
Fair value at January 1, | $ | (27.9) | | | $ | (3.5) | |
Realized gain on derivative instruments | — | | | 1.1 | |
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments | (22.1) | | | (6.3) | |
| | | |
Settlements | — | | | (1.1) | |
Fair value at March 31, | $ | (50.0) | | | $ | (9.8) | |
Total gain (loss) included in net loss attributable to changes in unrealized gain (loss) relating to financial assets and liabilities held as of March 31, | $ | (22.1) | | | $ | (6.3) | |
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
Certain non-financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, such as when there is evidence of impairment.
The Company assesses goodwill for impairment annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate its carrying value may not be recoverable. The fair value of the reporting units is determined using the income approach. The income approach focuses on the income-producing capability of an asset, measuring the current value of the asset by calculating the present value of its future economic benefits such as cash earnings, cost savings, corporate tax structure and product offerings. Value indications are developed by discounting expected cash flows to their present value at a rate of return that incorporates the risk-free rate for the use of funds, the expected rate of inflation and risks associated with the reporting unit. These assets would generally be classified within Level 3, in the event that the Company were required to measure and record such assets at fair value within its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used, including definite-lived intangible assets and property, plant and equipment, when events or circumstances warrant such a review. Fair value is determined primarily using anticipated cash flows assumed by a market participant discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved and these assets would generally be classified within Level 3, in the event that the Company was required to measure and record such assets at fair value within its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
The carrying value of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash are each considered to be representative of their fair value.
Debt
The estimated fair value of long-term debt at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, consists primarily of senior notes. The estimated aggregate fair value of the Company’s 2023 Notes defined as Level 1 was based upon quoted market prices in an active market. The estimated fair value of the Company’s 2024 Secured Notes and 2025 and 2027 Senior Notes defined as Level 2 was based upon quoted prices for identical or similar liabilities in markets that are not active. The carrying value of borrowings, if any, under the Company’s revolving credit facility, MRL Credit Facility, MRL asset financing arrangement, finance lease obligations and other obligations are classified as Level 3. Please read Note 8 - “Long-Term Debt” for further information on long-term debt.
The Company’s carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, carried at adjusted historical cost, were as follows (in millions):
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| | March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Level | Fair Value | | Carrying Value | | Fair Value | | Carrying Value |
Financial Instrument: | | | | | | | | |
2023 Notes | 1 | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 325.6 | | | $ | 322.3 | |
2024 Secured Notes, 2025 Notes, and 2027 Notes | 2 | $ | 1,087.6 | | | $ | 1,063.5 | | | $ | 815.3 | | | $ | 742.0 | |
Revolving credit facility | 3 | $ | 11.0 | | | $ | 7.3 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (2.0) | |
MRL credit facility | 3 | $ | 306.3 | | | $ | 299.1 | | | $ | 303.5 | | | $ | 296.2 | |
Shreveport terminal asset financing arrangement | 3 | $ | 62.7 | | | $ | 61.6 | | | $ | 64.3 | | | $ | 63.0 | |
MRL asset financing arrangement | 3 | $ | 13.9 | | | $ | 13.9 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Finance leases and other obligations | 3 | $ | 3.7 | | | $ | 3.7 | | | $ | 4.7 | | | $ | 4.7 | |
11. Earnings Per Unit
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per limited partner unit (in millions, except unit and per unit data):
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | | |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | | | |
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per limited partner unit: | | | | | | | |
Net loss | $ | (95.5) | | | $ | (146.1) | | | | | |
Less: | | | | | | | |
General partner’s interest in net loss | (1.9) | | | (2.9) | | | | | |
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Net loss attributable to limited partners | $ | (93.6) | | | $ | (143.2) | | | | | |
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Denominator for basic and diluted earnings per limited partner unit: | | | | | | | |
Weighted average limited partner units outstanding (1) | 79,074,630 | | | 78,593,724 | | | | | |
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Limited partners’ interest basic and diluted net loss per unit: | | | | | | | |
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Limited partners’ interest | $ | (1.18) | | | $ | (1.82) | | | | | |
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(1)Total diluted weighted average limited partner units outstanding excludes a de-minimis amount of potentially dilutive phantom units which would have been anti-dilutive for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
12. Segments and Related Information
Segment Reporting
The Company determines its reportable segments based on how the business is managed internally for the products sold to customers, including how results are reviewed and resources are allocated by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). Effective January 1, 2021, the Company reorganized its business segments as a result of a change in how the CODM allocates resources, makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of its business. As a result, as of January 1, 2021, the Company’s operations are managed by the CODM using the following reportable segments:
•Specialty Products and Solutions. The Specialty Products and Solutions segment consists of our customer-focused solutions and formulations businesses, covering multiple specialty product lines, anchored by our unique integrated complex in Northwest Louisiana. In this segment, we manufacture and market a wide variety of solvents, waxes, customized lubricating oils, white oils, petrolatums, gels, esters, and other products. Our specialty products are sold to domestic and international customers who purchase them primarily as raw material components for consumer-facing and industrial products.
•Montana/Renewables. The Montana/Renewables segment is composed of our Great Falls refinery and dual-train energy transition project. When our Great Falls renewable diesel facility is operational, we will process a variety of geographically advantaged renewable feedstocks into renewable diesel, sustainable aviation fuel, renewable hydrogen, renewable natural gas, renewable propane, and renewable naphtha that we expect to distribute into renewable markets in the western half of North America. At our Montana specialty refinery, we process Canadian crude oil into conventional gasoline, diesel, jet fuel and specialty grades of asphalt, with production sized to serve local markets.
•Performance Brands. The Performance Brands segment includes our fast-growing portfolio of high-quality, high-performing brands. In this segment, we blend, package, and market high performance products through our Royal Purple, Bel-Ray, and TruFuel brands.
•Corporate. The Corporate segment primarily consists of general and administrative expenses not allocated to the Montana/Renewables, Specialty Products and Solutions, or Performance Brands segments.
Segment information presented herein reflects the impact of this reorganization for all periods presented.
The accounting policies of the reporting segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies as disclosed in Note 3 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” of the Company’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, except that the disaggregated financial results for the reporting segments have been prepared using a management approach, which is consistent with the basis and manner in which management internally disaggregates financial information for the purposes of assisting internal operating decisions. The Company accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers using market-based transfer pricing. The Company will periodically refine its expense allocation methodology for its segment reporting as more specific information becomes available and the industry or market changes. The Company evaluates performance based upon Adjusted EBITDA (a non-GAAP financial measure). The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA for any period as EBITDA adjusted for (a) impairment; (b) unrealized gains and losses from mark-to-market accounting for hedging activities; (c) realized gains and losses under derivative instruments excluded from the determination of net income (loss); (d) non-cash equity-based compensation expense and other non-cash items (excluding items such as accruals of cash expenses in a future period or amortization of a prepaid cash expense) that were deducted in computing net income (loss); (e) debt refinancing fees, extinguishment costs, premiums and penalties; (f) any net gain or loss realized in connection with an asset sale that was deducted in computing net income (loss); (g) amortization of turnaround costs; (h) LCM inventory adjustments; (i) the impact of liquidation of inventory layers calculated using the LIFO method; (j) RINs mark-to-market adjustments; and (k) all extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring items of gain or loss, or revenue or expense.
Reportable segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, is as follows (in millions):
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Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 | Specialty Products and Solutions | | Performance Brands | | Montana/Renewables | | Corporate | | | | Eliminations | | Consolidated Total |
Sales: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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External customers | $ | 769.4 | | | $ | 73.2 | | | $ | 255.3 | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,097.9 | |
Inter-segment sales | 5.6 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | (5.6) | | | — | |
Total sales | $ | 775.0 | | | $ | 73.2 | | | $ | 255.3 | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | (5.6) | | | $ | 1,097.9 | |
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Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 28.1 | | | $ | 5.3 | | | $ | 9.0 | | | $ | (19.1) | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 23.3 | |
Reconciling items to net loss: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | 15.9 | | | 2.8 | | | 9.5 | | | 2.0 | | | | | — | | | 30.2 | |
LCM / LIFO gain | (3.4) | | | — | | | (2.6) | | | — | | | | | — | | | (6.0) | |
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Interest expense | 10.9 | | | 1.1 | | | 10.1 | | | 29.5 | | | | | — | | | 51.6 | |
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Unrealized loss on derivatives | 17.6 | | | — | | | 4.5 | | | — | | | | | — | | | 22.1 | |
RINs mark-to-market loss | 6.1 | | | — | | | 3.3 | | | — | | | | | — | | | 9.4 | |
Other non-recurring expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.8 | |
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Equity-based compensation and other items | | | | | | | | | | | | | 7.0 | |
Income tax expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0.7 | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (95.5) | |
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Capital expenditures | $ | 11.1 | | | $ | 0.6 | | | $ | 65.2 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 77.0 | |
PP&E, net | $ | 370.3 | | | $ | 34.1 | | | $ | 604.1 | | | $ | 6.7 | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,015.2 | |
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Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 | Specialty Products and Solutions | | Performance Brands | | Montana/Renewables | | Corporate | | | | Eliminations | | Consolidated Total |
Sales: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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External customers | $ | 380.1 | | | $ | 66.2 | | | $ | 154.0 | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 600.3 | |
Inter-segment sales | 3.5 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | (3.5) | | | — | |
Total sales | $ | 383.6 | | | $ | 66.2 | | | $ | 154.0 | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | (3.5) | | | $ | 600.3 | |
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Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (2.2) | | | $ | 16.0 | | | $ | (2.0) | | | $ | (17.2) | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | (5.4) | |
Reconciling items to net loss: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | 16.9 | | | 3.4 | | | 8.6 | | | 2.0 | | | | | — | | | 30.9 | |
LCM / LIFO (gain) loss | (17.6) | | | — | | | (5.1) | | | — | | | | | — | | | (22.7) | |
Loss on impairment and disposal of assets | 0.7 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | 0.7 | |
Interest expense | 2.3 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.2 | | | 31.6 | | | | | — | | | 34.2 | |
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Unrealized loss on derivatives | 5.2 | | | — | | | 1.1 | | | — | | | | | — | | | 6.3 | |
RINs mark-to-market loss | 51.7 | | | — | | | 23.3 | | | — | | | | | — | | | 75.0 | |
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Other non-recurring expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2.5 | |
Equity-based compensation and other items | | | | | | | | | | | | | 13.6 | |
Income tax expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0.2 | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (146.1) | |
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Capital expenditures | $ | 10.8 | | | $ | 0.5 | | | $ | 2.4 | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 13.7 | |
PP&E, net | $ | 398.8 | | | $ | 33.6 | | | $ | 457.9 | | | $ | 14.6 | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 904.9 | |
Geographic Information
International sales accounted for less than ten percent of consolidated sales in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and greater than ten percent of consolidated sales in the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Product Information
The Company offers specialty, fuels, and packaged products primarily in categories consisting of lubricating oils, solvents, waxes, gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, asphalt, heavy fuel oils, high-performance branded specialty products, and other specialty and fuels products. The following table sets forth the major product category sales for each segment (dollars in millions):
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| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
Specialty Products and Solutions: | | | | | | | |
Lubricating oils | $ | 209.5 | | | 19.1 | % | | $ | 131.4 | | | 21.9 | % |
Solvents | 92.0 | | | 8.4 | % | | 65.7 | | | 10.9 | % |
Waxes | 44.5 | | | 4.1 | % | | 32.7 | | | 5.5 | % |
Fuels, asphalt and other by-products | 423.4 | | | 38.5 | % | | 150.3 | | | 25.0 | % |
Total | $ | 769.4 | | | 70.1 | % | | $ | 380.1 | | | 63.3 | % |
Montana/Renewables: | | | | | | | |
Gasoline | $ | 58.6 | | | 5.3 | % | | $ | 42.8 | | | 7.1 | % |
Diesel | 116.5 | | | 10.6 | % | | 65.0 | | | 10.8 | % |
Jet fuel | 11.4 | | | 1.0 | % | | 5.0 | | | 0.9 | % |
Asphalt, heavy fuel oils and other | 68.8 | | | 6.4 | % | | 41.2 | | | 6.9 | % |
Total | $ | 255.3 | | | 23.3 | % | | $ | 154.0 | | | 25.7 | % |
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Performance Brands: | $ | 73.2 | | | 6.6 | % | | $ | 66.2 | | | 11.0 | % |
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Consolidated sales | $ | 1,097.9 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 600.3 | | | 100.0 | % |
Major Customers
During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no customer that represented 10% or greater of consolidated sales.
Major Suppliers
During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had two suppliers that supplied approximately 85.1% and 86.1%, respectively, of its crude oil supply.
13. Unrestricted Subsidiaries
As defined in the indentures governing the Company’s outstanding senior notes, an unrestricted subsidiary means Montana Renewables Holdings, MRL and any other subsidiary of the Company, other than Calumet Finance Corp., that is designated by the Company’s general partner’s board of directors as an unrestricted subsidiary, but only to the extent that such subsidiary:
•has no indebtedness other than non-recourse debt owing to any person other than the Company or any of its restricted subsidiaries, except to the extent permitted by the indentures of the senior notes;
•is not party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding with the Company or any restricted subsidiary of the Company unless the terms of any such agreement, contract, arrangement or other understanding are no less favorable to the Company or such restricted subsidiary than those that might be obtained at the time from persons who are not affiliates of the Company, except to the extent permitted by the indentures of the senior notes;
•is a person with respect to which neither the Company nor any of its restricted subsidiaries has any direct or indirect obligation (a) to subscribe for additional equity interests or (b) to maintain or preserve such person’s financial condition or to cause such person to achieve any specified levels of operating results, except to the extent permitted by the indentures of the senior notes; and
•has not guaranteed or otherwise directly or indirectly provided credit support for any indebtedness of the Company or any of its restricted subsidiaries.
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, Montana Renewables Holdings and MRL were the only unrestricted subsidiaries of the Company. In accordance with the indentures governing the Company’s outstanding senior notes, the following tables set forth certain financial information of (i) the Company and its restricted subsidiaries, on a combined basis, (ii) the Company’s unrestricted subsidiaries, on a combined basis, and (iii) the Company and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, in each case, as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
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March 31, 2022 | Parent Company and Restricted Subsidiaries | | Unrestricted Subsidiaries | | Eliminations | | Consolidated Total |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 8.2 | | | $ | 2.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10.7 | |
Accounts receivable - Trade | $ | 306.1 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 306.1 | |
Accounts receivable - Intercompany | $ | — | | | $ | 238.9 | | | $ | (238.9) | | | $ | — | |
Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 829.0 | | | $ | 325.2 | | | $ | (139.0) | | | $ | 1,015.2 | |
Restricted cash | $ | — | | | $ | 43.9 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 43.9 | |
Accounts payable | $ | 351.7 | | | $ | 63.4 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 415.1 | |
Accounts payable - Intercompany | $ | — | | | $ | 95.3 | | | $ | (95.3) | | | $ | — | |
Long-term debt | $ | 1,128.8 | | | $ | 313.0 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,441.8 | |
Partners’ capital (deficit) | $ | (453.4) | | | $ | (10.4) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (463.8) | |
Partners’ capital (deficit) - Intercompany | $ | — | | | $ | 149.2 | | | $ | (149.2) | | | $ | — | |
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December 31, 2021 | Parent Company and Restricted Subsidiaries | | Unrestricted Subsidiaries | | Eliminations | | Consolidated Total |
Accounts receivable - Trade | $ | 216.8 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 216.8 | |
Accounts receivable - Intercompany | $ | — | | | $ | 6.9 | | | $ | (6.9) | | | $ | — | |
Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 698.4 | | | $ | 390.3 | | | $ | (139.0) | | | $ | 949.7 | |
Restricted cash | $ | — | | | $ | 83.8 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 83.8 | |
Accounts payable - Intercompany | $ | — | | | $ | 43.1 | | | $ | (43.1) | | | $ | — | |
Long-term debt | $ | 1,122.6 | | | $ | 296.2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,418.8 | |
Partners’ capital (deficit) | $ | (379.7) | | | $ | (5.4) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (385.1) | |
Partners’ capital (deficit) - Intercompany | $ | — | | | $ | 146.7 | | | $ | (146.7) | | | $ | — | |
For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company’s unrestricted subsidiaries had tolling revenue of $14.4 million, operating costs of $6.9 million, which was exclusive of depreciation expense of $2.8 million, and interest expense of $11.1 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company’s unrestricted subsidiaries had no tolling revenue, operating costs, depreciation expense, or interest expense.
14. Subsequent Events
As of April 30, 2022, the fair value of the Company’s derivatives have increased by approximately $31.8 million subsequent to March 31, 2022.