As filed with the Securities Exchange Commission on December 1, 2023
Registration No. 333-          
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
CASTELLUM, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada27-4079982
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700
Bethesda, MD 20814
(301) 961-4895
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Mark C. Fuller
Chief Executive Officer
Castellum, Inc.
3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700
Bethesda, MD 20814
(301) 961-4895
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
With Copies to:
Joseph M. Lucosky, Esq.
Steven A. Lipstein, Esq.
Lucosky Brookman LLP
101 Wood Avenue South, 5th Floor
Woodbridge, New Jersey 08830
(732) 395-4400
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. ☒
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective on filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large-Accelerated Filer☐Accelerated Filer☐
Non-Accelerated Filer☒Smaller Reporting Company☒
Emerging Growth Company☒
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. x
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.


The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. Neither we nor the selling stockholders may sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion, dated December 1, 2023.
PROSPECTUS
CASTELLUM, INC.
$10,000,000 of 
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants
Rights
Units
Offered by the Company
1,425,000 Shares of Common Stock
Offered by the Selling Stockholders
We may offer and sell up to $10 million in the aggregate of the securities identified above from time to time in one or more offerings. The selling stockholders may offer and sell up to 1,425,000 shares in the aggregate of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 (the “Common Stock”). The 1,425,000 shares consists of: (a) 25,000 shares of Common Stock currently held by the selling stockholder; (b) 700,000 shares of Common Stock underlying a warrant issued by the Company to the selling stockholders in February 2023; and (c) 700,000 shares of Common Stock underlying a convertible promissory note issued by the Company to the selling stockholders in February 2023.This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our Common Stock by the selling stockholders.
Each time we or the selling stockholders offer(s) and sell(s) securities, we or such selling stockholders will provide a supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the offering and, if applicable, the selling stockholders, as well as the amounts, prices and terms of the securities. The supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to that offering. You should carefully read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement before you invest in any of our securities.
We may offer and sell the securities described in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers, or through a combination of these methods. In addition, the selling stockholders may offer and sell shares of our Common Stock from time to time, together or separately. If any underwriters, dealers, or agents are involved in the sale of any of the securities, their names and any applicable purchase price, fee, commission, or discount arrangement between or among them will be set forth, or will be calculable from the information set forth, in the applicable prospectus supplement. See the sections of this prospectus entitled “About this Prospectus” and “Plan of Distribution” for more information. No securities may be sold without delivery of this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of such securities.
INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES RISKS. SEE THE “RISK FACTORS” ON PAGE 5 AND THE RISK FACTORS IN OUR MOST RECENT ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K, WHICH IS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE HEREIN, AS WELL AS IN ANY OTHER RECENTLY FILED QUARTERLY OR CURRENT REPORTS AND, IF ANY, IN THE RELEVANT PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT. WE URGE YOU TO CAREFULLY READ THIS PROSPECTUS AND THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT, TOGETHER WITH THE DOCUMENTS WE INCORPORATE BY REFERENCE, DESCRIBING THE TERMS OF THESE SECURITIES BEFORE INVESTING.
The aggregate market value of our outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates is $11,843,207 based on 47,672,427 shares of outstanding common stock, of which 25,113,938 are held by affiliates, and a per share price of $0.525 based on the closing sale price of our common stock on October 31, 2023. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3, in no event will we sell our common stock in a public primary offering with a value exceeding more than one-third of our public float in any 12-month period so long as our public float remains below $75,000,000. We have not offered any securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6. of Form S-3 during the prior 12 calendar month period that ends on and includes the date of this prospectus.
Our common stock is listed on the NYSE American LLC (the “NYSE American”) under the symbol “CTM”. On November 30, 2023, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the NYSE American was $0.22 per share.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is , 2023.


TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process. By using a shelf registration statement, we may sell securities from time to time and in one or more offerings up to a total dollar amount of $10,000,000, and the selling stockholders may, from time to time, sell up to 1,425,000 shares of Common Stock as described in this prospectus.
Each time that we or the selling stockholders offer(s) and sell(s) securities, we or the selling stockholders will provide a prospectus supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the securities being offered and sold and the specific terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to that offering. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, you should rely on the prospectus supplement. Before purchasing any securities, you should carefully read both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, together with the additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information; Incorporation by Reference.”
Neither we nor the selling stockholders have authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We will not make an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement to this prospectus is accurate as of the date on its respective cover, and that any information incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, unless we indicate otherwise. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
When we refer to “Castellum,” “we,” “our,” “us,” and the “Company” in this prospectus, we mean Castellum, Inc., unless otherwise specified. When we refer to “you,” we mean the holders of the applicable series of securities.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION; INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Available Information
We file annual, quarterly and periodic reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC using the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (“EDGAR”) system. The SEC maintains a web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information about issuers, such as us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is http://www.sec.gov.
Our website address is www.castellumus.com. The information on our website, however, is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of this prospectus.
This prospectus and any prospectus supplement are part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC and do not contain all of the information in the registration statement. This prospectus omits some of the information contained in the registration statement, and we refer you to the full registration statement for further information about us and the securities being offered by the selling stockholders under this prospectus. The full registration statement may be obtained from the SEC or us, as provided below. Forms of the documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are or may be filed as exhibits to the registration statement. Statements in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement through the SEC’s website, as provided above.
Incorporation by Reference
We are “incorporating by reference” in this prospectus certain documents we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information in the documents incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus. Statements contained in documents that we file with the SEC and that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus will automatically update and supersede information contained in this prospectus, including information in previously filed documents or reports that have been incorporated by reference in this prospectus, to the extent the new information differs from or is inconsistent with the old information. We have filed or may file the following documents with the SEC and they are incorporated herein by reference as of their respective dates of filing. 
•Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2023;
•The portions of the definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed on April 10, 2023 for the Company’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 25, 2023 that are incorporated by reference into the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022;
•Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2023
•Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on August 14, 2023;
•Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on November 14, 2023;
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•The description of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”) contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on October 6, 2022 and any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.
All documents that we filed with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, and 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of this registration statement and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment to this registration statement that indicates that all securities offered under this prospectus have been sold, or that deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, will be deemed to be incorporated in this registration statement by reference and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents.
Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus shall be deemed modified, superseded, or replaced for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus, or in any subsequently filed document that also is deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus, modifies, supersedes, or replaces such statement. Any statement so modified, superseded, or replaced shall not be deemed, except as so modified, superseded, or replaced, to constitute a part of this prospectus. None of the information that we disclose under Items 2.02 or 7.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K or any corresponding information, either furnished under Item 9.01 or included as an exhibit therein, that we may from time to time furnish to the SEC will be incorporated by reference into, or otherwise included in, this prospectus, except as otherwise expressly set forth in the relevant document. Subject to the foregoing, all information appearing in this prospectus is qualified in its entirety by the information appearing in the documents incorporated by reference.
You may request a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus (other than exhibits, unless they are specifically incorporated by reference in the documents) by writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Castellum, Inc.
3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700
Bethesda, MD 20814
Telephone: (301) 961-4895
Exhibits to the filings will not be sent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement and the information on our website is not a part of this prospectus and is not incorporated by reference.
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THE COMPANY
Overview
Castellum, Inc. is focused on acquiring and growing technology companies in the areas of cybersecurity, IT, electronic warfare, information warfare, and information operations with businesses in the defense, federal, civilian, and commercial markets. Services include intelligence analysis, software development, software engineering, program management, strategic and mission planning, information assurance, cybersecurity and policy support, and data analytics. These services are applicable to customers in the United States government (“USG”), financial services, healthcare, and other users of large data applications. They can be delivered to on-premises enclaves or customers who rely upon cloud-based infrastructures. The Company has worked with multiple business brokers and contacts within their business network to identify potential acquisitions. Due to our success in completing seven acquisitions over the previous four years and given our executive officers’ and key managers’ networks of contacts in the IT, telecom, cybersecurity, and defense sectors, we believe that we are well positioned to continue to execute our business strategy given a pipeline of identified and acquisition targets. Because of our executive officers’ and key managers’ prior experience growing businesses organically, we believe that we are well positioned to grow our existing business via internal growth as well. The Company has developed a qualified business opportunity (the “Opportunity Pipeline”). Although there can be no assurance that the Opportunity Pipeline can be converted to revenues, the Company expects that the total value of the Opportunity Pipeline to be approximately $550 million. The Opportunity Pipeline represents the revenue opportunity for the Company from potential future contracts obtained through organic growth from qualified customers based on the expected base year contract value plus the value of all option periods.
Our primary customers are agencies and departments of the USG. Our expertise and technology support national security missions and government modernization for intelligence, defense, and federal civilian customers. The demand for our expertise and technology, in large measure, is created by the increasingly complex network, systems, and information environments in which governments and businesses operate, and by the need to stay current with emerging technology while increasing productivity, enhancing security, and ultimately, improving performance.
We provide expertise and technology to enterprise and mission customers in support of national security missions and government modernization/transformation. Due to the nature of the work being executed for the USG the budgets are expected to continue to grow in support of bipartisan national security imperatives. The majority of contracted work is operational in nature and is funded on an on-going basis.
As a government contractor, Castellum both cooperates (as a teaming partner) and competes with many different companies. Sometimes, Castellum both teams with (on one contract) and competes against (on a different contract) the same company. Among others, Castellum competes with (and sometimes also teams with) Northrup Grumman, CACI, Peraton, and Booz-Allen Hamilton.
Corporate Information
The Company was incorporated in Nevada on September 30, 2010 under the name Passionate Pet, Inc. and in January 2013, the Company changed its name to Firstin Wireless Technology, Inc. In March 2015, the Company changed its name to BioNovelus, Inc. On June 12, 2019, the Company acquired Bayberry Acquisition Corporation, a Nevada corporation (“Bayberry” and, as context requires, the “Bayberry Acquisition”). On February 23, 2021, Bayberry was dissolved with the Nevada Secretary of State as it was non-operational after the merger with the Company. On November 21, 2019, we acquired Corvus Consulting, LLC, (“Corvus”), a Virginia limited liability company. On December 26, 2019, following our acquisition of Corvus, we changed our name from BioNovelus, Inc. to Castellum, Inc.
Our principal executive offices are located at 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Our telephone number is (301) 961-4895 and our website address is www.castellumus.com. Our website and the information contained on, or accessible through, our website will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and does not constitute part of this prospectus.
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RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should carefully consider the risk factors we describe in any prospectus supplement and in any related free writing prospectus for a specific offering of securities, as well as those incorporated by reference into this prospectus and any prospectus supplement. You should also carefully consider other information contained and incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, including our financial statements and the related notes thereto incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The risks and uncertainties described in the applicable prospectus supplement and our other filings with the SEC incorporated by reference herein are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also adversely affect us. If any of the described risks occur, our business, financial condition, or results of operations could be materially harmed. In such case, the value of our securities could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.
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SPECIAL NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain or may contain forward looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this prospectus, including statements regarding future events, our future financial performance, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. We have attempted to identify forward-looking statements by terminology including “anticipates,” “believes,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “should,” or “will” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Although we do not make forward looking statements unless we believe we have a reasonable basis for doing so, we cannot guarantee their accuracy. These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the risks outlined under “Risk Factors” or elsewhere in this prospectus, which may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results, and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by which, that performance or those results will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time they are made and/or management’s good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events, and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from what is expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions, or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The following description of our capital stock is not complete and may not contain all the information you should consider before investing in our capital stock. This description is summarized from, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Articles of Incorporation, as amended and Bylaws, as amended which have been publicly filed with the SEC. See “Where You Can Find More Information; Incorporation by Reference.”
Description of Common Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 3,050,000,000 shares of capital stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of which 3,000,000,000 are shares of Common Stock and 50,000,000 are shares of preferred stock. As of November 30, 2023, there were 47,672,427 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding.
Each share of our Common Stock entitles its holder to one vote in the election of each director and on all other matters voted on generally by our stockholders, other than any matter that (1) solely relates to the terms of any outstanding series of preferred stock or the number of shares of that series and (2) does not affect the number of authorized shares of preferred stock or the powers, privileges, and rights pertaining to the Common Stock. No share of our Common Stock affords any cumulative voting rights. This means that the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares voting for the election of directors can elect all directors to be elected if they choose to do so.
Holders of our Common Stock will be entitled to dividends in such amounts and at such times as our Board of Directors in its discretion may declare out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends. We currently intend to retain our entire available discretionary cash flow to finance the growth, development, and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on the Common Stock in the foreseeable future. Any future dividends will be paid at the discretion of our Board of Directors.
If we liquidate or dissolve our business, the holders of our Common Stock will share ratably in all our assets that are available for distribution to our stockholders after our creditors are paid in full and the holders of all series of our outstanding preferred stock, if any, receive their liquidation preferences in full.
Our Common Stock has no preemptive rights and is not convertible or redeemable or entitled to the benefits of any sinking or repurchase fund.
The Common Stock is listed on the NYSE American under the trading symbol “CTM.”
The Company’s transfer agent is Nevada Agency and Transfer Company with an address at 50 West Liberty Street, Suite 880, Reno, NV 89501 and a phone number of (775) 322-0626.
Anti-Takeover Provisions
Business Combinations
The “business combination” provisions of Sections 78.411 to 78.444, inclusive, of the Nevada Revised Statutes, or NRS, generally prohibit a Nevada corporation with at least 200 stockholders of record, a “resident domestic corporation,” from engaging in various “combination” transactions with any “interested stockholder” unless certain conditions are met or the corporation has elected in its articles of incorporation to not be subject to these provisions. We have not elected to opt out of these provisions and if we meet the definition of resident domestic corporation, now or in the future, our company will be subject to these provisions.
A “combination” is generally defined to include (a) a merger or consolidation of the resident domestic corporation or any subsidiary of the resident domestic corporation with the interested stockholder or affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder; (b) any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer, or other disposition, in one transaction or a series of transactions, by the resident domestic corporation or any subsidiary of the resident domestic corporation to or with the interested stockholder or affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder having: (i) an aggregate market value equal to 5% or more of the aggregate market value of the assets of the resident domestic corporation, (ii) an aggregate market value equal to 5% or more of the aggregate market value of all outstanding shares of the resident domestic corporation, or (iii) 10% or more of the earning power or net income of
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the resident domestic corporation; (c) the issuance or transfer in one transaction or series of transactions of shares of the resident domestic corporation or any subsidiary of the resident domestic corporation having an aggregate market value equal to 5% or more of the resident domestic corporation to the interested stockholder or affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder; and (d) certain other transactions with an interested stockholder or affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.
An “interested stockholder” is generally defined as a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns (or within two years, did own) 10% or more of a corporation’s voting stock. An “affiliate” of the interested stockholder is any person that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries is controlled by or is under common control with the interested stockholder. An “associate” of an interested stockholder is any (a) corporation or organization of which the interested stockholder is an officer or partner or is directly or indirectly the beneficial owner of 10% or more of any class of voting shares of such corporation or organization; (b) trust or other estate in which the interested stockholder has a substantial beneficial interest or as to which the interested stockholder serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity; or (c) relative or spouse of the interested stockholder, or any relative of the spouse of the interested stockholder, who has the same home as the interested stockholder.
If applicable, the prohibition is for a period of two years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless such transaction is approved by the board of directors prior to the date the interested stockholder obtained such status; or the combination is approved by the board of directors and thereafter is approved at a meeting of the stockholders by the affirmative vote of stockholders representing at least 60% of the outstanding voting power held by disinterested stockholders; and extends beyond the expiration of the two-year period, unless (a) the combination was approved by the board of directors prior to the person becoming an interested stockholder; (b) the transaction by which the person first became an interested stockholder was approved by the board of directors before the person became an interested stockholder; (c) the transaction is approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power held by disinterested stockholders at a meeting called for that purpose no earlier than two years after the date the person first became an interested stockholder; or (d) if the consideration to be paid to all stockholders other than the interested stockholder is, generally, at least equal to the highest of: (i) the highest price per share paid by the interested stockholder within the three years immediately preceding the date of the announcement of the combination or in the transaction in which it became an interested stockholder, whichever is higher, plus compounded interest and less dividends paid, (ii) the market value per share of common shares on the date of announcement of the combination and the date the interested stockholder acquired the shares, whichever is higher, plus compounded interest and less dividends paid, or (iii) for holders of preferred stock, the highest liquidation value of the preferred stock, plus accrued dividends, if not included in the liquidation value. With respect to (i) and (ii) above, the interest is compounded at the rate for one-year United States Treasury obligations from time to time in effect.
Applicability of the Nevada business combination statute would discourage parties interested in taking control of our company if they cannot obtain the approval of our Board. These provisions could prohibit or delay a merger or other takeover or change in control attempt and, accordingly, may discourage attempts to acquire our company even though such a transaction may offer our stockholders the opportunity to sell their stock at a price above the prevailing market price.
Control Share Acquisitions
The “control share” provisions of Sections 78.378 to 78.3793, inclusive, of the NRS, apply to “issuing corporations” that are Nevada corporations with at least 200 stockholders of record, including at least 100 stockholders of record who are Nevada residents, and that conduct business directly or indirectly in Nevada, unless the corporation has elected to not be subject to these provisions.
The control share statute prohibits an acquirer of shares of an issuing corporation, under certain circumstances, from voting its shares of a corporation’s stock after crossing certain ownership threshold percentages, unless the acquirer obtains approval of the target corporation’s disinterested stockholders. The statute specifies three thresholds: (a) one-fifth or more but less than one-third, (b) one-third but less than a majority, and (c) a majority or more, of the outstanding voting power. Generally, once a person acquires shares in excess of any of the thresholds, those shares and any additional shares acquired within 90 days thereof become “control shares” and such control
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shares are deprived of the right to vote until disinterested stockholders restore the right. These provisions also provide that if control shares are accorded full voting rights and the acquiring person has acquired a majority or more of all voting power, all other stockholders who do not vote in favor of authorizing voting rights to the control shares are entitled to demand payment for the fair value of their shares in accordance with statutory procedures established for dissenters’ rights.
A corporation may elect to not be governed by, or “opt out” of, the control shares provisions by making an election in its articles of incorporation or bylaws, provided that the opt-out election must be in place on the 10th day following the date an acquiring person has acquired a controlling interest, that is, crossing any of the three thresholds described above. We have not opted out of these provisions and will be subject to the control share provisions of the NRS if we meet the definition of an issuing corporation upon an acquiring person acquiring a controlling interest unless we later opt out of these provisions and the opt out is in effect on the 10th day following such occurrence.
The effect of the Nevada control share statute is that the acquiring person, and those acting in association with the acquiring person, will obtain only such voting rights in the control shares as are conferred by a resolution of the stockholders at an annual or special meeting. The Nevada control share law, if applicable, could have the effect of discouraging takeovers of our company.
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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK
Our Articles of Incorporation empowers our board of directors, without action by our shareholders, to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock. The Company has designated a total of 30,000,000 shares of preferred stock in the form of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, and Series C Preferred Stock. The board may, without action by our shareholders, from time to time, issue up to 20,000,000 more shares of preferred stock in one or more series, which preferred stock may be offered by this prospectus and supplements thereto.
Series A Preferred Stock
The Company has designated 10,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, par value of $0.0001. As of November 30, 2023, the Company has 5,875,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, which is convertible into 587,500 shares of Common Stock. The holders of our Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to vote on an as-converted basis. Holders of the Series A preferred stock are entitled to receive a dividend of $0.0125 per year, one-twelfth of which shall be payable each calendar month. The Series A preferred stock may be redeemed at the Company’s option at $1 per share at any time upon 30 days advanced written notice. Holders of Series A preferred stock are entitled to receive liquidation preference pari passu with the holders of Series B preferred stock and Series C preferred stock and prior to and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of common stock.
Series B Preferred Stock
The Company has designated 10,000,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, par value of $0.0001. As of November 30, 2023, the Company has 0 shares of Series B Preferred Stock issued and outstanding.
Series C Preferred Stock
The Company has designated 10,000,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock, par value of $0.0001. As of November 30, 2023, the Company has 770,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, which are convertible into 481,250 shares of the Company's common stock. The holders of our Series C Preferred Stock are entitled to vote on an as-converted basis. The Series C preferred stock has a stated value of $1. Holders of the Series C preferred stock are entitled to receive a dividend of $0.06 per year. Holders of the Series C preferred stock received two shares of common stock of the Company for every one share of Series C preferred stock issued. At any time after July 16, 2028 the Company has the right to redeem all of the issued and outstanding shares of Series C preferred stock at a redemption price per preferred share equal to the stated value of $1. The Series C preferred stock has no maturity date or scheduled redemption date. There is no sinking fund provisions applicable to the Series C preferred stock. Holders of the Series C preferred stock are entitled to receive liquidation preference, pari passu with the holders of Series A preferred stock and Series B preferred stock and prior to and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of common stock.
We will fix the rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions of the preferred stock of each series in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will incorporate by reference from a current report on Form 8-K that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering before the issuance of the related series of preferred stock. This description will include any or all of the following, as required:
•the title and stated value;
•the number of shares we are offering;
•the liquidation preference per share;
•the purchase price;
•the dividend rate, period, and payment date and method of calculation for dividends;
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•whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;
•any contractual limitations on our ability to declare, set aside, or pay any dividends;
•the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;
•the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;
•the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;
•any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;
•whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and, if applicable, the conversion price, or how it will be calculated, and the conversion period;
•voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;
•preemptive rights, if any;
•restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;
•whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;
•a discussion of any material or special United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;
•the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve , or wind up our affairs;
•any limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve, or wind up our affairs; and
•any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.
If we issue shares of preferred stock under this prospectus, after receipt of payment therefor, the shares will be fully paid and non-assessable.
The Nevada Revised Statues provide that the holders of preferred stock will have the right to vote separately as a class on any proposal involving fundamental changes in the rights of holders of that preferred stock. This right is in addition to any voting rights provided for in the applicable certificate of designation.
Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of our common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms designed to delay or prevent a change in control of our Company or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock.
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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
We may offer to sell warrants from time to time. If we do so, we will describe the specific terms of the warrants in a prospectus supplement. In particular, we may issue warrants for the purchase of Common Stock or preferred stock in one or more series. We may also issue warrants independently or together with other securities and the warrants may be attached to or separate from those securities.
We will evidence each series of warrants by warrant certificates that we will issue under a separate agreement. We will enter into the warrant agreement with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants.
We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of warrants, including:
•the offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;
•the currency for which the warrants may be purchased;
•if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;
•if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable;
•in the case of warrants to purchase Common Stock or preferred stock, the number of shares of Common Stock or preferred stock, as the case may be, purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant and the price at which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;
•the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale, or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreement and the warrants;
•the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;
•any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;
•the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;
•the manner in which the warrant agreement and warrants may be modified;
•certain United States federal income tax consequences of holding or exercising the warrants;
•the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and
•any other specific material terms, preferences, rights, or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.
Holders may exercise the warrants by delivering the warrant certificate representing the warrants to be exercised together with other requested information, and paying the required amount to the warrant agent in immediately available funds, as provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the information that the holder of the warrant will be required to deliver to the warrant agent.
Upon receipt of the required payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If a holder exercises fewer than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate, then we will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining amount of warrants.
Holders will not have any of the rights of the holders of the securities purchasable upon the exercise of warrants until you exercise them. Accordingly, holders will not be entitled to, among other things, vote or receive dividend payments or similar distributions on the securities you can purchase upon exercise of the warrants.
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The information provided above is only a summary of the terms under which we may offer warrants for sale. Accordingly, investors must carefully review the applicable warrant agreement for more information about the specific terms and conditions of these warrants before investing in us. In addition, please carefully review the information provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, which contains additional information that is important for you to consider in evaluating an investment in our securities.
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DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS
We may issue rights to our stockholders to purchase shares of our Common Stock or preferred stock described in this prospectus. We may offer rights separately or together with one or more additional rights, preferred stock, Common Stock, warrants, or any combination of those securities in the form of units, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Each series of rights will be issued under a separate rights agreement to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as rights agent. The rights agent for any rights we offer will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the certificates relating to the rights of the series of certificates and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights. The following description sets forth certain general terms and provisions of the rights to which any prospectus supplement may relate. The particular terms of the rights to which any prospectus supplement may relate and the extent, if any, to which the general provisions may apply to the rights so offered will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. To the extent that any particular terms of the rights, rights agreement, or rights certificates described in a prospectus supplement differ from any of the terms described below, then the terms described below will be deemed to have been superseded by that prospectus supplement. We encourage you to read the applicable rights agreement and rights certificate for additional information before you decide whether to purchase any of our rights.
The prospectus supplement relating to any rights that we offer will include specific terms relating to the offering, including, among other matters:
•the date of determining the stockholders entitled to the rights distribution;
•the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock, preferred stock, or other securities purchasable upon exercise of the rights;
•the exercise price;
•the aggregate number of rights issued;
•whether the rights are transferrable and the date, if any, on and after which the rights may be separately transferred;
•the date on which the right to exercise the rights will commence, and the date on which the right to exercise the rights will expire;
•the method by which holders of rights will be entitled to exercise;
•the conditions to the completion of the offering;
•the withdrawal, termination, and cancellation rights;
•whether there are any backstop or standby purchaser or purchasers and the terms of their commitment;
•whether stockholders are entitled to oversubscription rights;
•any U.S. federal income tax considerations; and
•any other terms of the rights, including terms, procedures, and limitations relating to the distribution, exchange, and exercise of the rights.
If less than all of the rights issued in any rights offering are exercised, we may offer any unsubscribed securities directly to persons other than stockholders, to or through agents, underwriters, or dealers or through a combination of such methods, including pursuant to standby arrangements, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. In connection with any rights offering, we may enter into a standby underwriting or other arrangement with one or more underwriters or other persons pursuant to which such underwriters or other persons would purchase any offered securities remaining unsubscribed for after such rights offering.
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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS
We may issue units consisting of any combination of the other types of securities offered under this prospectus in one or more series. We may evidence each series of units by unit certificates that we will issue under a separate agreement. We may enter into unit agreements with a unit agent. We will indicate the name and address of the unit agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of units.
The following description, together with the additional information included in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the general features of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. You should read any prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you related to the series of units being offered, as well as the complete unit agreements that contain the terms of the units. Specific unit agreements will contain additional important terms and provisions and we will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from another report that we file with the SEC, the form of each unit agreement relating to units offered under this prospectus.
If we offer any units, certain terms of that series of units will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, including, without limitation, the following, as applicable:
•the title of the series of units;
•identification and description of the separate constituent securities comprising the units;
•the price or prices at which the units will be issued;
•the date, if any, on and after which the constituent securities comprising the units will be separately transferable;
•a discussion of certain United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the units; and
•any other terms of the units and their constituent securities.
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SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
This prospectus covers an aggregate of up to 1,425,000 shares of our Common Stock that may be sold or otherwise disposed of by the selling stockholders from time to time in one or more offerings as described in this prospectus. The 1,425,000 shares consists of: (a) 25,000 shares of Common Stock currently held by the selling stockholders and issued in connection with the February 2023 financing; (b) 700,000 shares of Common Stock underlying a warrant (the “2023 Warrant”). The 2023 Warrant has an exercise price of $1.38 and expires in February 2028; and (c) 700,000 shares of Common Stock underlying a convertible promissory note in the principal amount of $840,000 (the “2023 Note Payable”) which matures February 13, 2024 and bears interest at a per annum rate equal to ten percent (10%) to be paid monthly. The proceeds of the 2023 Note Payable were used primarily to fund the acquisition of Global Technology and Management Resources, Inc. and repayment of a previous debt owed to the selling stockholders.
The below table sets forth, as of November 30, 2023, for the selling stockholder: (a) the shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by such holder prior to this offering; (b) the number of shares of Common Stock being offered by such holder pursuant to this prospectus; and (c) such holder’s beneficial ownership of the shares of Common Stock after completion of this offering. All such information assumes that all of the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus are sold by the selling stockholders to third parties.
The selling stockholders has a limitation on the amount of its beneficial ownership in the securities purchase agreement with the Company pursuant to which the selling stockholders will not exercise its warrants or convert its convertible promissory notes if, following such exercise or conversion, the selling stockholders would own more than 9.9% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock
The table is based on information supplied to us by the selling stockholders. Beneficial and percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC, which is based on voting or investment power with respect to such shares, and this information does not necessarily indicate beneficial ownership for any other purpose. In accordance with SEC rules, in computing the beneficial ownership and percentage ownership of the selling stockholders, shares of Common Stock subject to derivative securities held by the selling stockholders that are currently exercisable, convertible or exchangeable, or that will be exercisable, convertible or exchangeable within 60 days after November 30, 2023, are deemed beneficially owned and outstanding. The selling stockholder’s percentage ownership after this offering is based on 47,672,427 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of November 30, 2023.
The selling stockholders may sell all, some or none of their shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus. We do not know the number of such shares, if any, that will be offered for sale or otherwise disposed of by any of the selling stockholders. Furthermore, since the date on which the information in the table is presented, the selling stockholders may have sold, transferred or disposed of shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), as amended.
Common Stock Shares Beneficially Owned Before Offering
Maximum Number of Shares of Common Stock Offered Under this Prospectus
Common Stock Shares Beneficially Owned After Offering(2)
Name of Selling Stockholder(1)
NumberPercentageNumberPercentage
Crom Cortana Fund LLC (“CCF”)
2,081,250 4.2 %1,425,000 656,250 1.4 %
__________________
(1)Except as otherwise stated in the footnotes to or disclosure below this table: (a) we believe, based on information furnished to us by CCF and as set forth in reports filed with the SEC, that Liam Sherif and Yang Yu Chen hold voting and dispositive power over the shares held by CCF; (b) the address for CCF is 228 Park Avenue South PMB 57033, New York, NY 10003; and (c) neither CCF, Liam Sherif, or Yang Yu Chen has, or within the past three years has had, any position, office or other material relationship with us.
(2)Assumes that all of the shares of Common Stock being registered by this prospectus are resold by the selling stockholders to third parties.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We are registering the securities, and in the case of the selling stockholders, shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus on both our behalf and that of the selling stockholders. All costs, expenses and fees connected with the registration of such securities will be borne by us. Any brokerage commissions and similar expenses connected with selling such shares of Common Stock will be borne by both the Company and the selling stockholders, respectively, according to the allocation of shares sold. We or the selling stockholders may offer and sell such securities and shares of Common Stock from time to time in one or more transactions. As used in this prospectus, the term “selling stockholders” includes pledgees, donees, transferees and other successors-in-interest who may acquire such shares of Common Stock through a pledge, gift, partnership distribution or other non-sale related transfer from the selling stockholders. The selling stockholders will act independently of the Company in making decisions with respect to the timing, manner and size of each sale. These transactions include the following methods of sale:
•at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;
•at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
•at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or
•at negotiated prices.
Each time that we or the selling stockholders sell securities covered by this prospectus, we or the selling stockholders will provide a prospectus supplement or supplements that will describe the method of distribution and set forth the terms and conditions of the offering of such securities, including the offering price of the securities and the proceeds to us, if applicable.
Offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus may be solicited directly. Agents may also be designated to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time. Any agent involved in the offer or sale of our securities will be identified in a prospectus supplement.
If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, the securities will be sold to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.
If an underwriter is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter at the time of sale and the name of any underwriter will be provided in the prospectus supplement that the underwriter will use to make resales of the securities to the public. In connection with the sale of the securities, we or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwriter in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions. The underwriter may sell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions, or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for which they may act as agent. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, an agent will be acting on a best efforts basis and a dealer will purchase securities as a principal, and may then resell the securities at varying prices to be determined by the dealer.
Any compensation paid to underwriters, dealers, or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions, or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers will be provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. Underwriters, dealers, and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any discounts and commissions received by them, and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions. We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers, and agents against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments they may be required to make in respect thereof and to reimburse those persons for certain expenses.
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The selling stockholders may also resell all or a portion of the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as permitted by that rule, Section 4(a)(1) under the Securities Act, if available, or any other exemption from the registration requirements that become available, rather than under this prospectus.
In connection with sales of shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus, the selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of such shares of Common Stock in the course of hedging in positions they assume. The selling stockholders may also sell the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus short and the selling stockholders may deliver shares of Common Stock to close out short positions and to return borrowed shares of Common Stock in connection with such short sales. The selling stockholders may also loan or pledge shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus to broker-dealers that in turn may sell such shares of Common Stock, to the extent permitted by applicable law. The selling stockholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus, which shares of Common Stock such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).
The selling stockholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell such shares of Common Stock from time to time pursuant to this prospectus or any amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act, amending, if necessary, the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus. The selling stockholders may also transfer and donate shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus in other circumstances in which case the transferees, donees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.
A selling stockholder that is an entity may elect to make an in-kind distribution of shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus to its members, general or limited partners or shareholders pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part by delivering a prospectus. To the extent that such members, general or limited partners or shareholders are not affiliates of ours, such members, partners or shareholders would thereby receive freely tradable shares of Common Stock pursuant to the distribution through a registration statement. Additionally, to the extent that entities, members, partners or shareholders are affiliates of ours received shares in any such distribution, such affiliates will also be selling stockholders and will be entitled to sell such shares pursuant to this prospectus.
Agents who may become involved in the sale of securities covered by this prospectus may engage in transactions with, and perform other services for, us in the ordinary course of their business for which they receive compensation.
In effecting sales, the selling stockholders may engage broker-dealers or agents, who may in turn arrange for other broker-dealers to participate. Broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions, discounts or concessions from the selling stockholders and/or from the purchasers of shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus for whom the broker-dealers may act as agents or to whom they sell as principal, or both. The compensation to a particular broker-dealer may be in excess of customary commissions. To our knowledge, there is currently no plan, arrangement or understanding between any selling stockholders and any broker-dealer or agent regarding the sale of any shares of Common Stock by the selling stockholders.
The selling stockholders, any broker-dealers or agents and any participating broker-dealers that act in connection with the sale of the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus may be “underwriters” under the Securities Act with respect to those shares of Common Stock and will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. Any profit that the selling stockholders realize, and any compensation that any broker-dealer or agent may receive in connection with any sale, including any profit realized on resale of such shares of Common Stock acquired as principal, may constitute underwriting discounts and commissions. If the selling stockholders are deemed to be underwriters, the selling stockholders may be subject to certain liabilities under
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statutes including, but not limited to, Section 11, 12 and 17 of the Securities Act and Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 under the Exchange Act.
The securities laws of some states may require the selling stockholders to sell the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus in those states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. These laws may also require that we register or qualify such shares of Common Stock for sale in those states unless an exemption from registration and qualification is available and the selling stockholders and we comply with that exemption. In addition, the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of shares of Common Stock in the market and to the activities of the selling stockholders and their affiliates. Regulation M may restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of shares of Common Stock to engage in market-making activities with respect to such shares of Common Stock. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus and the ability of any person to engage in market-making activities with respect to such shares.
If any selling stockholders notifies us that he has entered into any material arrangement with a broker-dealer for the sale of shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus through a block trade, special offering, exchange distribution, over-the-counter distribution or secondary distribution, or a purchase by a broker or dealer, we will file any necessary supplement to this prospectus to disclose:
•the number of shares of Common Stock involved in the arrangement;
•the terms of the arrangement, including the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents who purchase such shares of Common Stock, as required;
•the proposed selling price to the public;
•any discount, commission or other underwriting compensation;
•the place and time of delivery for the shares of Common Stock being sold;
•any discount, commission or concession allowed, reallowed or paid to any dealers; and
•any other material terms of the distribution of the shares of Common Stock.
In addition, if the selling stockholders notifies us that a donee, pledgee, transferee or other successor-in-interest of the selling stockholders intends to sell any shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus, we will file an amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part of or a supplement to this prospectus, if required.
Any Common Stock will be listed on the NYSE American, but any other securities may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. To facilitate the offering of securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or otherwise affect the price of the securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales of the securities, which involve the sale by persons participating in the offering of more securities than were sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would cover such over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option, if any. In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of the securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.
We may engage in at the market offerings into an existing trading market in accordance with Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act.
In addition, we may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the
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applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment). In addition, we may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.
We do not make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above might have on the price of the securities. In addition, we do not make any representation that underwriters will engage in such transactions or that such transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
The specific terms of any lock-up provisions in respect of any given offering will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
To comply with applicable state securities laws, the securities offered by this prospectus will be sold, if necessary, in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, securities may not be sold in some states unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.
The underwriters, dealers, and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.
LEGAL MATTERS
Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the validity of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Lucosky Brookman LLP, Woodbridge, New Jersey. If legal matters in connection with offerings made by this prospectus are passed on by counsel for the underwriters, dealers, or agents, if any, that counsel will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement.
EXPERTS
Our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2022 incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on From 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 have been audited by RSM US LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports thereon, incorporated herein by reference,and have been incorporated in this Prospectus and Registration Statement in reliance upon such report and upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following is an estimate of the expenses (all of which are to be paid by the registrant) that we may incur in connection with the securities being registered hereby.
SEC registration fee$1,524 
FINRA filing fee2,000 
Printing expenses*
Legal fees and expenses*
Accounting fees and expenses*
Blue Sky, qualification fees, and expenses*
Transfer agent fees and expenses*
Trustee fees and expenses*
Warrant agent fees and expenses*
Miscellaneous*
Total$3,524 
__________________
*These fees are calculated based on the securities offered and the number of issuances and accordingly cannot be estimated at this time.
Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Our bylaws implement the indemnification provisions permitted by Chapter 78 of the NRS by providing that we shall indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the NRS against expense, liability, and loss reasonably incurred or suffered by them in connection with their service as an officer or director. Our bylaws provide that we shall advance costs and expenses incurred with respect to any proceeding to which a person is made a party as a result of being a director or officer in advance of final disposition of such proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to indemnification. We may purchase and maintain liability insurance, or make other arrangements for such obligations or otherwise, to the extent permitted by the NRS.
At the present time, there is no pending litigation or proceeding involving a director, officer, employee, or other agent of ours in which indemnification would be required or permitted. We are not aware of any threatened litigation or proceeding that may result in a claim for such indemnification. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers, or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
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Item 16. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits
A list of exhibits filed with this registration statement on Form S-3 is set forth on the Exhibit Index below.
Exhibit No.Exhibit Description
1.1**Form of Underwriting Agreement 
4.1
4.2*
4.2**
Form of Certificate of Designation of Preferred Stock
4.3** Form of Warrant Agreement and Form of Warrant Certificate 
4.4** Form of Note 
5.1*
10.1*
23.1* 
23.2* 
24.1*
107*
__________________
*Filed Herewith
**If applicable, to be filed by an amendment or as an exhibit to a report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the Exchange Act and incorporated by reference
Item 17. Undertakings
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1)To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i)To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
(ii)To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
(iii)To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.
(2)That for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
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(3)To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(4)That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(5)That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities:
The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
(i)Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
(ii)Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
(iii)The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
(iv)Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
(6)The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
(7)Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers, and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described in Item 14 above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
(8)The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:
(1)That for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and
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contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4), or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2)That for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and this offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act , as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Bethesda, MD on December 1, 2023.
Castellum, Inc.
By:/s/ Mark C. Fuller
Name:Mark C. Fuller
Title:Chief Executive Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY: KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS that each individual whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Mark C. Fuller and David T. Bell, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents with full power of substitution, for him or her, and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement, and to sign any registration statement for the same offering covered by the Registration Statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) promulgated under the Securities Act, and all post-effective amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and all documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or his, her, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done or by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
SignatureTitleDate
/s/ Mark C. FullerChief Executive Officer and Director
December 1, 2023
Mark C. Fuller(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ David T. BellChief Financial Officer and Treasurer
December 1, 2023
David T. Bell(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
/s/ Jay O. WrightGeneral Counsel and Director
December 1, 2023
Jay O. Wright
/s/ Mark S. AlarieDirector
December 1, 2023
Mark S. Alarie
/s/ Bernard S. ChampouxDirector
December 1, 2023
Bernard S. Champoux
/s/ John F. CampbellDirector
December 1, 2023
John F. Campbell
/s/ Patricia FrostDirector
December 1, 2023
Patricia Frost
/s/ C. Thomas McMillenDirector
December 1, 2023
C. Thomas McMillen

Exhibit 107
Calculation of Filing Fee Tables
Form S-3 
(Form Type)
Castellum, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Table 1: Newly Registered Securities and Carry Forward Securities
Security
Type
Security
Class
Title
Fee Calculation or Carry Forward Rule
Amount Registered(1)
Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Unit(2)(4)
Maximum
Aggregate
Offering
Price(2)(3)(4)
Fee
Rate
Amount of Registration Fee
Carry Forward Form Type
Carry Forward File Number
Carry Forward Initial effective date
Filing Fee Previously Paid In Connection with Unsold Securities to be Carried Forward
Newly Registered Securities
Fees to
Be Paid
EquityCommon Stock, $0.0001 per share
EquityPreferred Stock, $0.0001 per share
OtherWarrants
OtherRights
OtherUnits
Unallocated (Universal) ShelfUnallocated (Universal) Shelf457(o)
(1)
(2)
$10,000,000.00(2)(3)
0.00014760$1,476.00
Fees to be PaidEquityCommon Stock, $0.0001 per share457(c)1,425,000
$0.23(4)
$327,750(4)
0.00014760$48.38
Carry Forward Securities
Carry Forward Securities
Total Offering Amounts$10,327,750.00
Total Fees Previously Paid
Total Fee Offsets
Net Fee Due$1,524.38


(1)There are being registered hereunder (i) such indeterminate number of shares of common stock, (ii) such indeterminate number of shares of preferred stock, (iii) such indeterminate number of warrants, (iv) such indeterminate number of rights to purchase common stock, preferred stock, or any combination thereof and (v) such indeterminate number of units to purchase common stock, preferred stock, warrants or any combination thereof, as shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $10,000,000.00. The securities registered also include such indeterminate amounts and numbers of shares of common stock and/or preferred stock as may be issued upon conversion of or exchange of other securities, upon exercise of warrants, rights or units, or pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions of any such securities.
(2)The proposed maximum aggregate offering price per security will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to Instructions to the Calculation of Filing Fee Tables and Related Disclosure (2)(A)(iii)(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(3)Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(4)Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(c) of the Securities Act, based upon the average of the high and low selling prices of the common stock on November 27, 2023, as reported on the NYSE American.

Exhibit 4.2
THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS NOTE AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS NOTE MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
CASTELLUM, INC.
Convertible Promissory
Note due February 13, 2024
Note No. __
$840,000.00
Dated: February 13, 2023 (the “Issuance Date”)
For value received, Castellum, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Maker” or the “Company”), hereby promises to pay to the order of Crom Cortana Fund LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (together with its successors and representatives, the “Holder”), in accordance with the terms hereinafter provided, the principal amount of EIGHT HUNDRED FORTY THOUSAND DOLLARS ($840,000.00) (the “Principal Amount”).
All payments under or pursuant to this Convertible Promissory Note (this “Note”) shall be made in United States Dollars in immediately available funds to the Holder at the address of the Holder set forth in the Purchase Agreement (as hereinafter defined) or at such other place as the Holder may designate from time to time in writing to the Maker or by wire transfer of funds to the Holder’s account, instructions for which are attached hereto as Exhibit A. The outstanding principal balance of this Note shall be due and payable on February 13, 2024 (the “Maturity Date”) or at such earlier time as provided herein; provided that the Maturity Date may be extended by the mutual agreement of the Maker and the Holder. In the event that the Maturity Date shall fall on Saturday or Sunday, such Maturity Date shall be the next succeeding Business Day. All calculations made pursuant to this Note shall be rounded down to three decimal places.
ARTICLE 1
1.1    Purchase Agreement. This Note has been executed and delivered pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 13, 2023 (as the same may be amended


from time to time, the “Purchase Agreement”), by and between the Maker and the Holder. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth for such terms in the Purchase Agreement.
1.2    Principal and Interest. The Outstanding Principal Amount shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to ten percent (10.0%) (the “Interest Rate”). Interest shall be payable in monthly installments. The Outstanding Principal Amount of this Note and all accrued but unpaid interest thereon shall be due and payable on the Maturity Date. Any overdue principal of, or interest on, the Loan shall bear interest, payable on demand, for each day until paid at a rate equal to eight percent (8%) above the Interest Rate (the “Default Rate”). Interest shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and paid for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day).
1.3    Prepayment. The Maker may not prepay this Note without the consent of the Holder.
1.4    Payment on Non-Business Days. Whenever any payment to be made shall be due on a day which is not a Business Day, such payment may be due on the next succeeding Business Day.
1.5    Transfer. This Note may be transferred or sold, subject to the provisions of Section 5.8 of this Note, or pledged, hypothecated or otherwise granted as security by the Holder; provided that no portion of this Note in excess of 1.99% may be transferred to Persons not under the control of citizens of the United States of America.
1.6    Replacement. Upon receipt of a duly executed and notarized written statement from the Holder with respect to the loss, theft or destruction of this Note (or any replacement hereof), or, in the case of a mutilation of this Note, upon surrender and cancellation of such Note, the Maker shall issue a new Note, of like tenor and amount, in lieu of such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Note.
1.7    Use of Proceeds. The Maker shall use the proceeds of this Note as set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
ARTICLE 2
2.1    Events of Default. An “Event of Default” under this Note shall mean the occurrence of any of the events defined in the Purchase Agreement, and any of the additional events described below:
(a)    any default in the payment of (i) the Principal Amount or any accrued and unpaid interest hereunder when due, or any principal or interest owing under any other Note; or (ii) liquidated damages in respect of this Note or any other Note as and when the same shall become due and payable (whether on the Maturity Date or by acceleration or otherwise);
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(b)    the Maker shall fail to observe or perform any other covenant, condition or agreement contained in this Note or any Transaction Document;
(c)    the Maker’s notice to the Holder, including by way of public announcement, at any time, of its inability to comply (including for any of the reasons described in Section 3.6(a) hereof) or its intention not to comply with proper requests for conversion of this Note into Common Stock;
(d)    the Maker shall fail to (i) timely deliver the shares of Common Stock as and when required in Section 3.2; or (ii) make the payment of any fees and/or liquidated damages under this Note, the Purchase Agreement or the other Transaction Documents;
(e)    default shall be made in the performance or observance of any material covenant, condition or agreement contained in the Purchase Agreement or any other Transaction Document that is not covered by any other provisions of this Section 2.1;
(f)    at any time the Maker shall fail to have a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock authorized, reserved and available for issuance to satisfy the potential conversion in full (disregarding for this purpose any and all limitations of any kind on such conversion) of this Note or upon exercise of the Warrant;
(g)    any representation or warranty made by the Maker or any of its Subsidiaries herein or in the Purchase Agreement, the Note, the Warrant or any other Transaction Document shall prove to have been false or incorrect or breached in a material respect on the date as of which made;
(h)    unless otherwise approved in writing in advance by the Holder, the Maker shall, or shall announce an intention to pursue or consummate a Change of Control, or a Change of Control shall be consummated, or the Maker shall negotiate, propose or enter into any agreement, understanding or arrangement with respect to any Change of Control;
(i)    the Maker or any of its Subsidiaries shall (A) default in any payment of any amount or amounts of principal of or interest (if any) on any Indebtedness (other than the Indebtedness hereunder), the aggregate principal amount of which Indebtedness is in excess of $250,000 or (B) default in the observance or performance of any other agreement or condition relating to any such Indebtedness or contained in any instrument or agreement evidencing, securing or relating thereto, or any other event shall occur or condition exist, the effect of which default or other event or condition is to cause, or to permit the holder or holders or beneficiary or beneficiaries of such Indebtedness to cause with the giving of notice if required, such Indebtedness to become due prior to its stated maturity;
(j)    the Maker or any of its Subsidiaries shall: (i) apply for or consent to the appointment of, or the taking of possession by, a receiver, custodian, trustee or liquidator of itself or of all or a substantial part of its property or assets; (ii) make a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; (iii) commence a voluntary case under the United States Bankruptcy Code (as now or hereafter in effect) or under the comparable laws of any
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jurisdiction (foreign or domestic); (iv) file a petition seeking to take advantage of any bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or other similar law affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally; (v) acquiesce in writing to any petition filed against it in an involuntary case under United States Bankruptcy Code (as now or hereafter in effect) or under the comparable laws of any jurisdiction (foreign or domestic); (vi) issue a notice of bankruptcy or winding down of its operations or issue a press release regarding same; or (vii) take any action under the laws of any jurisdiction (foreign or domestic) analogous to any of the foregoing;
(k)    a proceeding or case shall be commenced in respect of the Maker or any of its Subsidiaries, without its application or consent, in any court of competent jurisdiction, seeking: (i) the liquidation, reorganization, moratorium, dissolution, winding up, or composition or readjustment of its debts; (ii) the appointment of a trustee, receiver, custodian, liquidator or the like of it or of all or any substantial part of its assets in connection with the liquidation or dissolution of the Maker or any of its Subsidiaries; or (iii) similar relief in respect of it under any law providing for the relief of debtors, and such proceeding or case described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) shall continue undismissed, or unstayed and in effect, for a period of forty-five (45) days or any order for relief shall be entered in an involuntary case under United States Bankruptcy Code (as now or hereafter in effect) or under the comparable laws of any jurisdiction (foreign or domestic) against the Maker or any of its Subsidiaries or action under the laws of any jurisdiction (foreign or domestic) analogous to any of the foregoing shall be taken with respect to the Maker or any of its Subsidiaries and shall continue undismissed, or unstayed and in effect for a period of forty-five (45) days;
(l)    one or more final judgments or orders for the payment of money are rendered against one or more of the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) aggregating in excess of $250,000 (or its equivalent in the relevant currency of payment), and (ii) which remain unpaid and are not being appealed or contested in good faith by the Company;
(m)    the failure of the Maker to instruct its transfer agent to remove any legends from shares of Common Stock and issue such unlegended certificates to the Holder within three (3) Trading Days of the Holder’s request so long as the Holder has provided reasonable assurances to the Maker that such shares of Common Stock can be sold pursuant to Rule 144 or any other applicable exemption; or
(n)    the occurrence of a Material Adverse Effect in respect of the Maker, or the Maker and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
Apart from the Events of Default described in clauses (j) and (k), any Event of Default capable of being cured shall be subject to a cure period of ten (10) Business Days from the occurrence of such Event of Default, whether or not the Holder has been sent notice or has received notice of such Event of Default. For the avoidance of doubt, any default pursuant to clauses (j) and (k) above shall not be subject to any cure periods pursuant to the instrument governing such Indebtedness or this Note.
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2.2    Remedies Upon an Event of Default.
(a)    Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, the Maker shall be obligated to pay to the Holder the Mandatory Default Amount. The Mandatory Default Amount shall be earned by the Holder on the date of such Event of Default and shall be due and payable on the earlier to occur thereafter of (i) the Maturity Date, (ii) the date of any conversion, (iii) the date of any redemption, (iv) the date of any prepayment of this Note, or (v) the date on which all amounts owing hereunder have been accelerated in accordance with the terms hereof.
(b)    Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, the Maker shall, as promptly as possible but in any event within one (1) Business Day of such Event of Default, notify the Holder of the occurrence of such Event of Default, describing the event or factual situation giving rise to the Event of Default and specifying the relevant subsection or subsections of Section 2.1 hereof under which such Event of Default has occurred.
(c)    Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Holder may at any time at its option (1) declare the Mandatory Default Amount due and payable, and thereupon, the same shall be accelerated and so due and payable, without presentment, demand, protest or notice, all of which are hereby expressly unconditionally and irrevocably waived by the Maker and (2) exercise all other rights and remedies available to it under the Transaction Documents; provided, however, that upon the occurrence of an Event of Default described in Sections 2.1(j) or (k) above, the Mandatory Default Amount shall become immediately due and payable without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Maker. No course of delay on the part of the Holder shall operate as a waiver thereof or otherwise prejudice the rights of the Holder. No remedy conferred hereby shall be exclusive of any other remedy referred to herein or now or hereafter available at law, in equity, by statute or otherwise.
ARTICLE 3
3.1    Conversion.
(a)    Conversion. At any time following the date of effectiveness of a Registration Statement covering the applicable Conversion Shares (as set forth in the Purchase Agreement), this Note shall be convertible (in whole or in part), at the option of the Holder, into such number of fully paid and non-assessable Common Stock as is determined by dividing (x) that portion of the Outstanding Principal Amount and any accrued by unpaid interest that the Holder elects to convert (the “Conversion Amount”) by (y) the Conversion Price then in effect on the date on which the Holder delivers a notice of conversion, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Conversion Notice”), in accordance with Section 5.1 to the Maker. The Holder shall deliver this Note to the Maker at the address designated in the Purchase Agreement at such time that this Note is fully converted. With respect to partial conversions of this Note, the Maker shall keep written records of the amount of this Note converted as of the date of such conversion (each, a “Conversion Date”).
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(b)    Conversion Price. The “Conversion Price” means $1.20, and shall be subject to adjustment as provided herein.
3.2    Delivery of Conversion Shares. As soon as practicable after the occurrence of any event requiring the issuance of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note (“Conversion Shares”), and in any event within two (2) Business Days thereafter (such date, the “Share Delivery Date”), the Maker shall, at its expense, cause to be issued in the name of and delivered to the Holder, or as the Holder may direct, a certificate or certificates evidencing the number of fully paid and nonassessable Common Stock to which the Holder shall be entitled, in such denominations as may be requested by the Holder, which certificate or certificates shall be free of restrictive and trading legends, except for any such legends as may be required under the Securities Act. In lieu of delivering physical certificates for the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the occurrence of any event requiring the issuance of Conversion Shares in accordance with this Note, provided the Company’s transfer agent is participating in the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) Fast Automated Securities Transfer program or a similar program, upon request of the Holder, the Company shall cause its transfer agent to electronically transmit such Conversion Shares so issuable to the Holder (or its designee), by crediting the account of the Holder’s (or such designee’s) broker with DTC through its Deposit and Withdrawal At Custodian (“DWAC”) system (provided that the same time periods herein as for stock certificates shall apply) as instructed by the Holder (or its designee); provided, that such issuance shall only be made through DTC’s DWAC system if such Conversion Shares will be issued free of restrictive legends. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Conversion Notice is delivered by the Holder after 12:00 noon on the Conversion Date, the applicable Share Delivery Date shall be three (3) Business Days following the Conversion Date.
3.3    Ownership Cap. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the Holder shall not be entitled to receive shares representing Equity Interests upon conversion of this Note to the extent (but only to the extent) that such exercise or receipt would cause the Holder Group (as defined below) to become, directly or indirectly, a “beneficial owner” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) of a number of Equity Interests of a class that is registered under the 1934 Act which exceeds the Maximum Percentage (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) of the Equity Interests of such class that are outstanding at such time. Any purported delivery of Equity Interests in connection with the conversion of this Note prior to the termination of this restriction in accordance herewith shall be void and have no effect to the extent (but only to the extent) that such delivery would result in the Holder Group becoming the beneficial owner of more than the Maximum Percentage of the Equity Interests of a class that is registered under the 1934 Act that is outstanding at such time. If any delivery of Equity Interests owed to the Holder following conversion of this Note is not made, in whole or in part, as a result of this limitation, the Company’s obligation to make such delivery shall not be extinguished and the Company shall deliver such Equity Interests as promptly as practicable after the Holder gives notice to the Company that such delivery would not result in such limitation being triggered or upon termination of the restriction in accordance with the terms hereof. To the extent limitations contained in this Section 3.3 apply, the determination of whether this Note is convertible and of which portion of this Note is convertible shall be the sole responsibility and in the sole
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determination of the Holder, and the submission of a notice of conversion shall be deemed to constitute the Holder’s determination that the issuance of the full number of Conversion Shares requested in the notice of conversion is permitted hereunder, and the Company shall not have any obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. For purposes of this Section 3.2, (i) the term “Maximum Percentage” shall mean 4.99%; provided, that if at any time after the date hereof the Holder Group beneficially owns in excess of 4.99% of any class of Equity Interests in the Company that is registered under the 1934 Act, then the Maximum Percentage shall automatically increase to 9.99% so long as the Holder Group owns in excess of 4.99% of such class of Equity Interests (and shall, for the avoidance of doubt, automatically decrease to 4.99% upon the Holder Group ceasing to own in excess of 4.99% of such class of Equity Interests); and (ii) the term “Holder Group” shall mean the Holder plus any other Person with which the Holder is considered to be part of a group under Section 13 of the 1934 Act or with which the Holder otherwise files reports under Sections 13 and/or 16 of the 1934 Act. In determining the number of Equity Interests of a particular class outstanding at any point in time, the Holder may rely on the number of outstanding Equity Interests of such class as reflected in (x) the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as the case may be, (y) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (z) a more recent notice by the Company or its transfer agent to the Holder setting forth the number of Equity Interests of such class then outstanding. For any reason at any time, upon written or oral request of the Holder, the Company shall, within one (1) Business Day of such request, confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of Equity Interests of any class then outstanding. The provisions of this Section 3.3 shall be construed, corrected and implemented in a manner so as to effectuate the intended beneficial ownership limitation herein contained.
3.4    Adjustment of Conversion Price.
(a)    Until the Note has been paid in full or converted in full, the Conversion Price shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows (but shall not be increased, other than pursuant to Section 3.4(a)(i) hereof):
(i)    Adjustments for Stock Splits and Combinations. If the Maker shall at any time or from time to time after the Closing Date (but whether before or after the Issuance Date) effect a split or other subdivision of the outstanding Common Stock, the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the stock split shall be proportionately decreased. If the Maker shall at any time or from time to time after the Closing Date (but whether before or after the Issuance Date), combine the outstanding Common Stock, the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the combination shall be proportionately increased. Any adjustments under this Section 3.4(a)(i) shall be effective concurrent with such stock split or combination.
(ii)    Adjustments for Certain Dividends and Distributions. If the Maker shall at any time or from time to time after the Closing Date (but whether before or after the Issuance Date) make or issue or set a record date for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in Common Stock, then, and in
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each event, the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such event shall be decreased as of the time of such issuance or, in the event such record date shall have been fixed, as of the close of business on such record date, by multiplying the applicable Conversion Price then in effect by a fraction:
(1)    the numerator of which shall be the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of such issuance or the close of business on such record date; and
(2)    the denominator of which shall be the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of such issuance or the close of business on such record date plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable in payment of such dividend or distribution.
(iii)    Adjustment for Other Dividends and Distributions. If the Maker shall at any time or from time to time after the Closing Date (but whether before or after the Issuance Date) make or issue or set a record date for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in other than Common Stock, then, and in each event, an appropriate revision to the applicable Conversion Price shall be made and provision shall be made (by adjustments of the Conversion Price or otherwise) so that the Holder of this Note shall receive upon conversions thereof, in addition to the number of shares of Common Stock receivable thereon, the number of securities of the Maker or other issuer (as applicable) or cash or other property that it would have received had this Note been converted into shares of Common Stock in full (without regard to any conversion limitations herein) on the date of such event and had thereafter, during the period from the date of such event to and including the Conversion Date, retained such securities (together with any distributions payable thereon during such period) or assets, giving application to all adjustments called for during such period under this Section 3.4(a)(iii) with respect to the rights of the holders of this Note; provided, however, that if such record date shall have been fixed and such dividend is not fully paid or if such distribution is not fully made on the date fixed therefor, the Conversion Price shall be adjusted pursuant to this paragraph as of the time of actual payment of such dividends or distributions.
(iv) Adjustments for Reclassification, Exchange or Substitution. If the shares of Common Stock at any time or from time to time after the Closing Date (but whether before or after the Issuance Date) shall be changed to the same or different number of shares or other securities of any class or classes of stock or other property, whether by reclassification, exchange, substitution or otherwise (other than by way of a stock split or combination of shares or stock dividends provided for in Sections 3.4(a)(i), (ii) and (iii) hereof, or a reorganization, merger, consolidation, or sale of assets provided for in Section 3.4(a)(vii) hereof), then, and in each event, an appropriate revision to the Conversion Price shall be made and provisions shall be made (by adjustments of the Conversion Price or otherwise) so that the Holder shall have the right thereafter to convert this Note into the kind and amount of shares of stock or other securities or other property receivable upon reclassification, exchange, substitution or other change, by holders of the number of shares of Common Stock into which such Note might have
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been converted immediately prior to such reclassification, exchange, substitution or other change, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.
(v)    Adjustments for Issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock. In the event the Maker shall at any time or from time to time after the Closing Date (but whether before or after the Issuance Date) issue or sell any additional Common Stock (“Additional Common Stock”), other than (A) as provided in this Note (including the foregoing subsections (i) through (iv) of this Section 3.4(a)), pursuant to any Equity Plan (including pursuant to Common Stock Equivalents granted or issued under any Equity Plan), (B) pursuant to Common Stock Equivalents (as defined below) granted or issued prior to the Closing Date, (C) Exempted Securities, or (D) pursuant to the terms of this Note, in any case, at an effective price per share that is less than the Conversion Price then in effect or without consideration, then the Conversion Price upon each such issuance shall be reduced to a price equal to the consideration per share paid for such Additional Common Stock. For purposes of clarification, the amount of consideration received for such Additional Common Stock shall not include the value of any additional securities or other rights received in connection with such issuance of Additional Common Stock (i.e., warrants, rights of first refusal or other similar rights).
(vi)    Issuance, Amendment or Adjustment of Common Stock Equivalents. Except for Exempted Securities, if (x) the Maker, at any time after the Closing Date (but whether before or after the Issuance Date), shall issue any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, directly or indirectly, Common Stock (“Convertible Securities”), or any rights or warrants or options to purchase any such Common Stock or Convertible Securities, other than Common Stock Equivalents granted or issued under any Equity Plan (collectively with the Convertible Securities, the “Common Stock Equivalents”) and the price per share for which Common Stock may be issuable pursuant to any such Common Stock Equivalent shall be less than the applicable Conversion Price then in effect, or (y) the price per share for which Common Stock may be issuable under any Common Stock Equivalents is amended or adjusted, pursuant to the terms of such Common Stock Equivalents or otherwise, and such price as so amended or adjusted shall be less than the applicable Conversion Price in effect at the time of such amendment or adjustment, then, in each such case (x) or (y), the applicable Conversion Price upon each such issuance or amendment or adjustment shall be adjusted as provided in subsection (vi) of this Section 3.4(a) as if the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Common Stock Equivalents had been issued on the date of such issuance or amendment or adjustment.
(vii)    Consideration for Stock. In case any Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents shall be issued or sold:
(1)    in connection with any merger or consolidation in which the Maker is the surviving corporation (other than any consolidation or merger in which the previously outstanding Common Stock of the Maker shall be changed to or exchanged for the stock or other securities of another corporation), the amount of consideration therefor shall be deemed to be the fair value, as determined reasonably and in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Maker and approved by the Holder, of such portion of the assets and business of
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the nonsurviving corporation as such Board of Directors may determine to be attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Convertible Securities, rights or warrants or options, as the case may be; or
(2)    in the event of any consolidation or merger of the Maker in which the Maker is not the surviving corporation or in which the previously outstanding Common Stock of the Maker shall be changed into or exchanged for the stock or other securities of another corporation or other property, or in the event of any sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Maker for stock or other securities or other property of any corporation, the Maker shall be deemed to have issued shares of Common Stock, at a price per share equal to the valuation of the Maker’s Common Stock based on the actual exchange ratio on which the transaction was predicated, as applicable, and the fair market value on the date of such transaction of all such stock or securities or other property of the other corporation. If any such calculation results in adjustment of the applicable Conversion Price, or the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Note, the determination of the applicable Conversion Price or the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Note immediately prior to such merger, consolidation or sale, shall be made after giving effect to such adjustment of the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Note. In the event shares of Common Stock are issued with other shares or securities or other assets of the Maker for consideration which covers both, the consideration computed as provided in this Section 3.4(a)(vii) shall be allocated among such securities and assets as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Maker, and approved by the Holder.
(viii)    Record Date. In case the Maker shall take record of the holders of its Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock or Convertible Securities, then the date of the issue or sale of the shares of Common Stock shall be deemed to be such record date.
(b)    No Impairment. The Maker shall not, by amendment of its Articles of Incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms to be observed or performed hereunder by the Maker, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all the provisions of this Section 3.4 and in the taking of all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order to protect the conversion rights of the Holder against impairment. In the event the Holder shall elect to convert this Note as provided herein, the Maker cannot refuse conversion based on any claim that the Holder or anyone associated or affiliated with the Holder has been engaged in any violation of law, violation of an agreement to which the Holder is a party or for any reason whatsoever, unless, an injunction from a court, or notice, restraining and or adjoining conversion of this Note shall have issued and the Maker posts a surety bond for the benefit of the Holder in an amount equal to one hundred fifty percent (150%) of the Principal Amount of the Note the Holder has elected to convert, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of arbitration/litigation of the dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to the Holder (as liquidated damages) in the event it obtains judgment.
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(c)    Certificates as to Adjustments. Upon occurrence of each adjustment or readjustment of the Conversion Price or number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note pursuant to this Section 3.4, the Maker at its expense shall promptly compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms hereof and furnish to the Holder a certificate setting forth such adjustment and readjustment, showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment or readjustment is based. The Maker shall, upon written request of the Holder, at any time, furnish or cause to be furnished to the Holder a like certificate setting forth such adjustments and readjustments, the applicable Conversion Price in effect at the time, and the number of shares of Common Stock and the amount, if any, of other securities or property which at the time would be received upon the conversion of this Note. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Maker shall not be obligated to deliver a certificate unless such certificate would reflect an increase or decrease of at least one percent (1%) of such adjusted amount.
(d)    Issue Taxes. The Maker shall pay any and all issue and other taxes, excluding federal, state or local income taxes, that may be payable in respect of any issue or delivery of shares of Common Stock on conversion of this Note pursuant thereto; provided, however, that the Maker shall not be obligated to pay any transfer taxes resulting from any transfer requested by the Holder in connection with any such conversion.
(e)    Fractional Shares. No fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued upon conversion of this Note. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the Holder would otherwise be entitled, the Maker shall pay cash equal to such fractional shares multiplied by the Conversion Price then in effect.
(f)    Reservation of Shares of Common Stock. The Maker shall at all times while this Note shall be outstanding, reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock, such number of shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of this Note (disregarding for this purpose any and all limitations of any kind on such conversion). The Maker shall, from time to time, use all commercially reasonable efforts to increase the authorized number of shares of Common Stock or take other effective action if at any time the unissued number of authorized shares shall not be sufficient to satisfy the Maker’s obligations under this Section 3.4(f).
(g)    Regulatory Compliance. If any shares of Common Stock to be reserved for the purpose of conversion of this Note require registration or listing with or approval of any governmental authority, stock exchange or other regulatory body under any federal or state law or regulation or otherwise before such shares may be validly issued or delivered upon conversion, the Maker shall, at its sole cost and expense, in good faith and as expeditiously as possible, secure such registration, listing or approval, as the case may be.
(h)    Effect of Events Prior to the Issuance Date. If the Issuance Date of this Note is after the Closing Date, then, if the Conversion Price or any other right of the Holder of this Note would have been adjusted or modified by operation of any provision of this Note had this Note been issued on the Closing Date, such adjustment or modification shall be
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deemed to apply to this Note as of the Issuance Date as if this Note had been issued on the Closing Date.
3.5    Reserved.
3.6    Inability to Fully Convert.
(a)    Holder’s Option if Maker Cannot Fully Convert. If, upon the Maker’s receipt of a Conversion Notice or as otherwise required under this Note, including with respect to repayment of principal in Common Stock as permitted under this Note, the Maker cannot issue Common Stock for any reason, including, without limitation, because the Maker (x) does not have a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock authorized and available or (y) is otherwise prohibited by applicable law or by the rules or regulations of any stock exchange, interdealer quotation system or other self-regulatory organization with jurisdiction over the Maker or any of its securities from issuing all of the shares of Common Stock which are to be issued to the Holder pursuant to this Note, then the Maker shall issue as many shares of Common Stock as it is able to issue and, with respect to the unconverted portion of this Note or with respect to any shares of Common Stock not timely issued in accordance with this Note, the Holder, solely at Holder’s option, can elect to:
(i)    require the Maker to prepay that portion of this Note for which the Maker is unable to issue Common Stock or for which shares of Common Stock were not timely issued (the “Mandatory Prepayment”) at the Mandatory Default Amount;
(ii)    void its Conversion Notice and retain or have returned, as the case may be, this Note that was to be converted pursuant to the Conversion Notice (provided that the Holder’s voiding its Conversion Notice shall not affect the Maker’s obligations to make any payments which have accrued prior to the date of such notice); or
(iii)    defer issuance of the applicable Conversion Shares until such time as the Maker can legally issue such shares; provided, that the Principal Amount underlying such Conversion Shares shall remain outstanding until the delivery of such Conversion Shares; provided, further, that if the Holder elects to defer the issuance of the Conversion Shares, it may exercise its rights under either clause (i) or (ii) above at any time prior to the issuance of the Conversion Shares upon two (2) Business Days’ notice to the Maker.
(b)    Mechanics of Fulfilling Holder’s Election. The Maker shall immediately send to the Holder, upon receipt of a Conversion Notice from the Holder, which cannot be fully satisfied as described in Section 3.6(a) above, a notice of the Maker’s inability to fully satisfy the Conversion Notice (the “Inability to Fully Convert Notice”). Such Inability to Fully Convert Notice shall indicate (i) the reason why the Maker is unable to fully satisfy the Holder’s Conversion Notice; and (ii) the amount of this Note which cannot be converted. The Holder shall notify the Maker of its election pursuant to Section 3.6(a) above by delivering written notice to the Maker (“Notice in Response to Inability to Convert”).
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(c)    No Rights as Stockholder. Nothing contained in this Note shall be construed as conferring upon the Holder, prior to the conversion of this Note, the right to vote or to receive dividends or to consent or to receive notice as a stockholder in respect of any meeting of stockholders for the election of directors of the Maker or of any other matter, or any other rights as a stockholder of the Maker.
3.7    Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Conversion Shares. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause its transfer agent to transmit to the Holder Conversion Shares or any other shares pursuant to a conversion on or before the Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Conversion Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such conversion (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (a) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Conversion Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the conversion at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (b) at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Note and equivalent number of Conversion Shares for which such conversion was not honored (in which case such conversion shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its conversion and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases shares of Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted conversion of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (a) of the immediately preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock upon conversion of the Note as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
ARTICLE 4
4.1    Covenants. For so long as any Note is outstanding, without the prior written consent of the Holder:
(a)    Compliance with Transaction Documents. The Maker shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, comply with its obligations under this Note and the other Transaction Documents.
(b)    Payment of Taxes, Etc. The Maker shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, promptly pay and discharge, or cause to be paid and discharged, when due and payable, all lawful taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies imposed upon the income, profits, property or business of the Maker and the Subsidiaries, except for such
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failures to pay that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; provided, however, that any such tax, assessment, charge or levy need not be paid if the validity thereof shall currently be contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and if the Maker or such Subsidiaries shall have set aside on its books reserves with respect thereto in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and provided, further, that the Maker and such Subsidiaries will pay all such taxes, assessments, charges or levies forthwith upon the commencement of proceedings to foreclose any lien which may have attached as security therefor.
(c)    Corporate Existence. The Maker shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, maintain in full force and effect its corporate existence, rights and franchises (other than the existence, rights and franchises of the Subsidiaries of the Maker that the board of directors of the Maker determine are no longer necessary or useful to the operation of the Maker’s business) and all licenses and other rights to use property owned or possessed by it and reasonably deemed to be necessary to the conduct of its business.
(d)    Investment Company Act. The Maker shall conduct its businesses in a manner so that it will not become subject to, or required to be registered under, the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(e)    Prohibited Transactions. The Company hereby covenants and agrees not to enter into any Prohibited Transactions until thirty (30) days after such time as this Note has been converted into Conversion Shares or repaid in full.
(f)    Repayment of This Note. If the Company or any Subsidiary issues any debt (excluding the $950,000 revolving credit facility with Live Oak Banking Company and any factoring agreement by a subsidiary), including any subordinated debt or convertible debt (other than the Note or any other “Note” as defined in the Purchase Agreement), Equity Interests or any Preferred Stock, other than Exempted Securities, unless otherwise waived in writing by and at the discretion of the Holder, the Company will immediately utilize the proceeds of such issuance to repay this Note unless such proceeds are used to close an accretive acquisition by the Company.
4.2    Set-Off. This Note shall be subject to the set-off provisions set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
ARTICLE 5
5.1    Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email at the email address specified in this Section prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York time) on a Business Day, (b) the next Business Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email at the email address specified in this Section on a day that is not a Business Day or later than 5:00 p.m. (New York time) on any date and earlier than 11:59 p.m. (New York time) on such date, (c) the Business Day following the date of mailing, if sent
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by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The addresses for such notices and communications shall be as set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
5.2    Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Laws of the State of Nevada, without reference to principles of conflict of laws or choice of laws.
5.3    Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Note and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof. The language used in this Note will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. This Note shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provisions of this Note.
5.4    Remedies, Characterizations, Other Obligations, Breaches and Injunctive Relief. The remedies provided in this Note shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Note, at law or in equity (including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), no remedy contained herein shall be deemed a waiver of compliance with the provisions giving rise to such remedy and nothing herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue actual damages for any failure by the Maker to comply with the terms of this Note. Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, conversion and the like (and the computation thereof) shall be the amounts to be received by the holder thereof and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation of the Maker (or the performance thereof). The Maker acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable and material harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach would be inadequate. Therefore, the Maker agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available rights and remedies, at law or in equity, to equitable relief, including but not limited to an injunction restraining any such breach or threatened breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required.
5.5    Enforcement Expenses. The Maker agrees to pay all costs and expenses of enforcement of this Note, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses.
5.6    Binding Effect. The obligations of the Maker and the Holder set forth herein shall be binding upon the successors and assigns of each such party, whether or not such successors or assigns are permitted by the terms herein.
5.7    Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Note may be waived or amended except in a written instrument signed by the Company and the Holder. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Note shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of either party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.
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5.8    Compliance with Securities Laws. The Holder of this Note acknowledges that this Note is being acquired solely for the Holder’s own account and not as a nominee for any other party, and for investment, and that the Holder shall not offer, sell or otherwise dispose of this Note in violation of securities laws. This Note and any Note issued in substitution or replacement therefor shall be stamped or imprinted with a legend in substantially the following form:
“THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY.”
5.9    Jurisdiction; Venue. Any action, proceeding or claim arising out of, or relating in any way to this Note shall be brought and enforced in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The Company and the Holder irrevocably submit to the jurisdiction of such courts, which jurisdiction shall be exclusive, and hereby waive any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction or that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. The prevailing party in any such action shall be entitled to recover its reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees and out-of-pocket expenses relating to such action or proceeding.
5.10    Parties in Interest. This Note shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Maker, the Holder and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
5.11    Failure or Indulgence Not Waiver. No failure or delay on the part of the Holder in the exercise of any power, right or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privilege.
5.12    Maker Waivers. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the Maker and all others that may become liable for all or any part of the obligations evidenced by this Note, hereby waive presentment, demand, notice of nonpayment, protest and all other demands and notices in connection with the delivery, acceptance, performance and enforcement of this Note, and do hereby consent to any number of renewals of extensions of the time or payment hereof
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and agree that any such renewals or extensions may be made without notice to any such persons and without affecting their liability herein and do further consent to the release of any person liable hereon, all without affecting the liability of the other persons, firms or Maker liable for the payment of this Note, AND DO HEREBY WAIVE TRIAL BY JURY.
(a)    No delay or omission on the part of the Holder in exercising its rights under this Note, or course of conduct relating hereto, shall operate as a waiver of such rights or any other right of the Holder, nor shall any waiver by the Holder of any such right or rights on any one occasion be deemed a waiver of the same right or rights on any future occasion.
(b)    THE MAKER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE TRANSACTION OF WHICH THIS NOTE IS A PART IS A COMMERCIAL TRANSACTION, AND TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY WAIVES ITS RIGHT TO NOTICE AND HEARING WITH RESPECT TO ANY PREJUDGMENT REMEDY WHICH THE HOLDER OR ITS SUCCESSORS OR ASSIGNS MAY DESIRE TO USE.
5.13    Definitions. Capitalized terms used herein and not defined shall have the meanings set forth in the Purchase Agreement. For the purposes hereof, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(a)    “Convertible Securities” means any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, directly or indirectly, Common Stock.
(b)    “Common Stock Equivalents” means any rights or warrants or options to purchase any Common Stock or Convertible Securities, other than rights or warrants or options to purchase any Common Stock or Convertible Securities granted or issued under any Equity Plan.
(c)    “Indebtedness” means: (a) all obligations for borrowed money; (b) all obligations evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes, or other similar instruments and all reimbursement or other obligations in respect of letters of credit, bankers acceptances, current swap agreements, interest rate hedging agreements, interest rate swaps, or other financial products; (c) all capital lease obligations that exceed $150,000 in the aggregate in any fiscal year; (d) all obligations or liabilities secured by a lien or encumbrance on any asset of the Maker, irrespective of whether such obligation or liability is assumed; (e) all obligations for the deferred purchase price of assets, together with trade debt and other accounts payable that exceed $150,000 in the aggregate in any fiscal year (which shall not include $530,000 payable in connection with the Lexington Solutions Group acquisition expected to occur on are about the date hereof); (f) all synthetic leases; (g) any obligation guaranteeing or intended to guarantee (whether directly or indirectly guaranteed, endorsed, co-made, discounted or sold with recourse) any of the foregoing obligations of any other person; (h) trade debt; and (i) endorsements for collection or deposit.
(d)    “Mandatory Default Amount” means an amount equal to one hundred fifteen percent (115%) of the Outstanding Principal Amount of this Note on the date on which the first Event of Default has occurred hereunder.
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(e)    “Outstanding Principal Amount” means, at the time of determination, the Principal Amount outstanding after giving effect to any adjustments, conversions or prepayments pursuant to the terms hereof.
(f)    “Trading Day” means a day on which the Common Stock is traded on a Trading Market.
[Signature Pages Follow]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Maker has caused this Note to be duly executed by its duly authorized officer as of the date first above indicated.
CASTELLUM INC.
By:/s/ Mark Fuller
Name:
Mark Fuller
Title:
CEO
Acknowledged and agreed:
CROM CORTANA FUND LLC
By:/s/ Liam Sherif
Name:Liam Sherif
Title:
Managing Member


EXHIBIT A
WIRE INSTRUCTIONS
Name of Bank:
Routing #:
For credit to:
Account #:


EXHIBIT B
FORM OF CONVERSION NOTICE
(To be Executed by the Registered Holder in order to Convert the Note)
The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to convert $ _______________ of the principal amount of the above Note No. ___ into Common Stock of Castellum, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Maker”) according to the conditions hereof, as of the date written below.
Date of Conversion:
Conversion Price:
Number of Shares of Common Stock beneficially owned or deemed beneficially owned by the Holder on the Conversion Date:
[HOLDER]
By:
Name:
Title:
Address:

Exhibit 5.1
lucoskybrookman.jpg
LUCOSKY BROOKMAN LLP
101 Wood Avenue South
5th Floor
Woodbridge, NJ 08830
T - (732) 395-4400
F- (732) 395-4401
December 1, 2023
111 Broadway
Suite 807
New York, NY 10006
T - (212) 417-8160
F - (212) 417-8161
Castellum, Inc.
3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700
Bethesda, MD 20814
www. lucbro.com
RE: Registration Statement on Form S-3
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We are acting as counsel for Castellum, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (such Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, is herein referred to as the “Registration Statement”), filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), on the date hereof, pertaining to (i) the offering from time to time, pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act, by the selling stockholder of up to 1,425,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (the “Common Stock), consisting of (a) 25,000 shares of Common Stock currently held by the selling stockholders (the “Resale Common Shares”); (b) 700,000 shares of Common Stock (the “Resale Warrant Shares”) underlying a warrant issued by the Company to the selling stockholders in February 2023 (the “February 2023 Warrant”); and (c) 700,000 shares of Common Stock (the “Resale Note Shares”) underlying a convertible promissory note issued by the Company to the selling stockholders in February 2023 (the “Convertible Note”); and (ii) the proposed offer and sale pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act from time to time, in one or more offerings, of up to $10 million in the aggregate of the following securities of the Company (together with the Resale Common Shares, the Resale Warrant Shares, and the Resale Note Shares, the “Securities”):
•Common Stock, issuable directly or in exchange for or upon conversion of Warrants (as defined below), or Preferred Stock (as defined below);
•preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”), of the Company issuable directly or in exchange for or upon conversion of Warrants or other Preferred Stock;
•warrants of the Company (the “Warrants”) entitling the holders to purchase shares of Common Stock, shares of Preferred Stock, or other securities of the Company;
•rights to purchase shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock (the “Rights”); and
•units (the “Units”) comprised of any combination of other Securities offered in the Registration Statement.
The Common Stock is to be issued under the Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended (the “Articles of Incorporation”). Each series of Preferred Stock is to be issued under the Articles of Incorporation and a certificate of designation (a “Certificate of Designation”) to be approved by the board of directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”) or a committee thereof and filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada (the “Nevada Secretary of State”). The Warrants are to be issued under one or more warrant agreements in a form to be filed and incorporated into the Registration Statement, with appropriate insertions (each, a “Warrant Agreement”), to be
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entered into by the Company, a warrant agent to be named by the Company (the “Warrant Agent”), and the holders from time to time of the Warrants. The Units are to be issued under one or more unit agreements in a form to be filed and incorporated into the Registration Statement, with appropriate insertions (each, a “Unit Agreement”), to be entered into by the Company and the unit agent named therein. The Rights are to be issued under one or more rights agent agreements in a form to be filed and incorporated into the Registration Statement, with appropriate insertions (each, a “Rights Agreement”), to be entered into by the Company and a bank, trust company, or other financial institution to be identified therein as rights agents. The Articles of Incorporation, each Certificate of Designation, each Warrant Agreement, each Unit Agreement, and each Rights Agreement are referred to herein individually as a “Governing Document” and collectively as the “Governing Documents.”
As part of the corporate actions taken and to be taken in connection with issuance of any Securities to be issued and sold from time to time under the Registration Statement, the Board of Directors, a committee thereof or certain authorized officers of the Company as authorized by the Board of Directors will, before such Securities are issued under the Registration Statement, duly authorize the issuance and approve the terms of such Securities (the “Corporate Proceedings”).
You have provided us with a draft prospectus (the “Prospectus”) that is a part of the Registration Statement. The offering of the Resale Common Shares, the Resale Warrant Shares, and the Resale Note Shares will be as set forth in the Prospectus. The Prospectus provides that it will be supplemented in the future by one or more supplements thereto (each, a “Prospectus Supplement”) in connection with each offering of Securities. This opinion is being furnished in connection with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Act, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any Prospectus Supplement, other than as expressly stated herein with respect to the issue of the Securities. It is understood that the opinions set forth below are to be used only in connection with the offer while the Registration Statement is in effect.
In our capacity as your counsel in connection with such registration, we have reviewed and are familiar with such documents, certificates, Corporate Proceedings and other materials, including an examination of originals or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction of the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Company, Governing Documents and the Registration Statement (collectively, the “Constituent Documents”), and have reviewed such questions of law, as we have considered relevant or necessary as a basis for this opinion.
In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, and the conformity to authentic original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies. For purposes of this opinion, we have assumed that proper proceedings in connection with the authorization and issuance or sale of the Securities will be timely and properly completed, in accordance with all requirements of applicable federal laws and the Nevada Revised Statutes (the “NRS”) and, in the manner presently proposed. We have assumed and have not verified the accuracy of the factual matters of each document we have reviewed.
As to facts material to the opinions, statements and assumptions expressed herein, we have, with your consent, relied upon oral or written statements and representations of officers and other representatives of the Company and others. We have specifically relied upon the certification of an officer of the Company signed on even date herewith. In addition, we have obtained and relied upon such certificates and assurances from public officials as we have deemed necessary.
With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold by the Company, we have also assumed that (a) the Registration Statement shall have become and remain effective under the Securities Act, a Prospectus Supplement shall have been prepared and filed with the Commission describing the Securities, and such Securities shall have been issued and sold in accordance with the terms set forth in such Prospectus Supplement; (b) such Securities, as issued and delivered, comply with any requirements and restrictions imposed by any court or governmental or regulatory body applicable to the Company; (c) at the time of any offering or sale of any Securities, there shall be a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, authorized and unissued under the Certificate, and not otherwise reserved for issuance, except in connection with the issuance of the Securities; (d) at the time of issuance or sale of the Securities, the Company shall validly exist and shall be in good standing under the laws of the State of Nevada, and, in the case of Securities, the Company shall have the necessary corporate power for such issuance; (e) any
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definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement with respect to any Securities, if applicable, shall have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties thereto and shall constitute legally valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto, enforceable against each of them in accordance with their respective terms, at the time of issuance of the applicable Securities; (f) certificates representing the Securities, if any, shall have been duly executed, countersigned, registered and delivered, or if uncertificated, valid book-entry notations shall have been made in the share or other register of the Company, in each case in accordance with the Constituent Documents, and in the manner contemplated by the Registration Statement and/or the applicable Prospectus Supplement, against payment therefor in an amount not less than the par value thereof, or such other consideration determined by the Board of Directors, or an authorized committee thereof, as permitted under the NRS, in accordance with the provisions of any applicable definitive purchase agreement, underwriting agreement, or similar agreement approved by the Company; and (g) the Constituent Documents shall be in full force and effect and shall not have been amended, restated, supplemented, or otherwise altered, and there shall be no authorization of any such amendment, restatement, supplement or alteration, in each case since the date hereof.
Subject to the foregoing and the other matters set forth herein, it is our opinion that as of the date hereof:
1.With respect to any Common Stock, upon (a) the completion of all required Corporate Proceedings with respect to the issuance of such Common Stock, (b) the due execution, registration of issuance and delivery of certificates representing such Common Stock against payment of the purchase price therefor in accordance with the applicable purchase, underwriting or other agreement, and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, and (c) receipt by the Company of the consideration therefor, such Common Stock will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. The Common Stock covered in the opinion in this paragraph includes any shares of Common Stock that may be issued upon exercise, conversion, or exchange pursuant to the terms of any other Securities.
2.With respect to any Preferred Stock, upon (a) the completion of all required Corporate Proceedings with respect to the issuance and terms of such Preferred Stock, (b) the due authorization, execution, acknowledgment, delivery and filing with, and recording by, the Nevada Secretary of State of a Certificate of Designation in respect of such Preferred Stock, (c) the due execution, registration of issuance and delivery of certificates representing such Preferred Stock against payment of the purchase price therefor in accordance with the applicable purchase, underwriting or other agreement, and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, and (d) receipt by the Company of the consideration therefor, such Preferred Stock will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. The Preferred Stock covered in the opinion in this paragraph includes any shares of Preferred Stock that may be issued upon exercise, conversion or exchange pursuant to the terms of any other Securities.
3.With respect to any Warrants, upon (a) the completion of all required Corporate Proceedings relating to the terms and issuance of the Warrants, (b) the due authorization, execution, and delivery of a Warrant Agreement, (c) the preparation and due execution and delivery of the related Warrants against payment of the purchase price therefor in accordance with the applicable purchase, underwriting or other agreement, and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, (d) the due authentication of the related Warrants by the Warrant Agent, and (e) receipt by the Company of the consideration therefor, such Warrants will be valid and binding obligations of the Company. The Warrants covered in the opinion in this paragraph includes any Warrants that may be issued upon exercise, conversion, or exchange pursuant to the terms of any other Securities.
4.With respect to any Rights, upon (a) the completion of all required Corporate Proceedings relating to the terms and issuance of the Rights, (b) the due authorization, execution, and delivery of a Rights Agreement against payment of the purchase price therefor in accordance with the applicable purchase, underwriting or other agreement, and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, (c) the shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, as the case may be, underlying such Rights having been deposited with the applicable rights agent, and (d) receipt by the Company of the consideration therefor, such Rights Agreement will be a valid and binding obligation of the Company and the Rights will be valid and binding obligations of the Company. The Rights covered in the opinion in this paragraph includes any Rights that may be issued upon exercise, conversion, or exchange pursuant to the terms of any other Securities.
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5.With respect to any Units, upon (a) the completion of all required Corporate Proceedings relating to the terms and issuance of the Units, (b) the due authorization, execution, and delivery of a Unit Agreement against payment of the purchase price therefor in accordance with the applicable purchase, underwriting or other agreement, and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, (c) the Securities underlying such Units having been deposited with the applicable unit agent, and (d) receipt by the Company of the consideration therefor such Unit Agreement will be a valid and binding obligation of the Company and the Units will be valid and binding obligations of the Company. The Units covered in the opinion in this paragraph includes any Units that may be issued upon exercise, conversion, or exchange pursuant to the terms of any other Securities.
6.The Resale Common Shares are validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable.
7.When the Resale Warrant Shares are issued upon exercise of the February 2023 Warrant against payment therefor as set forth in the Registration Statement, they will be validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable.
8.When the Resale Note Shares are issued in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Note, they will be validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable.
The opinions set forth above are subject to the following exceptions, limitations and qualifications: (i) the effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium, or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors; (ii) the effect of general principles of equity, including without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith, and fair dealing and the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief, regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law, and the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought; (iii) the unenforceability under certain circumstances under law or court decisions of provision providing for the indemnification of, or contribution to, a party with respect to liability where such indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy. We express no opinion concerning the enforceability of any waiver of rights or defenses with respect to stay, extension, or usury laws. Our opinion expressed herein is also subject to the qualification that no term or provision hereof shall be included in: (a) the Certificate of Designation relating to any series of the Preferred Stock, (b) the Warrant Agreement, (c) the Unit Agreement, (d) the Rights Agreement, or (e) any other agreement or instrument pursuant to which any of the Securities are to be issued that would affect the validity of such opinion.
Our opinion is limited to the federal laws of the United States and the NRS. We express no opinion as to the effect of the law of any other jurisdiction. Our opinion is rendered as of the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to advise you of changes in law or fact (or the effect thereof on the opinions expressed herein) that hereafter may come to our attention.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Registration Statement. In so doing, we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.
Very Truly Yours,
/s/ Lucosky Brookman LLP
Lucosky Brookman LLP
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Exhibit 10.1
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase Agreement (as amended, supplemented, restated and/or modified from time to time, this “Agreement”) is entered into as of February 13, 2023, by and between Castellum, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), and Crom Cortana Fund LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Investor”).
BACKGROUND
A.The board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) of the Company has authorized the issuance to Investor of the Note (as defined below) and the Warrant (as defined below).
B.The Investor desires to purchase the Note and the Warrant on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing recitals and the covenants and agreements set forth herein, and intending hereby to be legally bound, the Company and the Investor hereby agree as follows:
1.DEFINITIONS. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings specified or indicated below, and such meanings shall be equally applicable to the singular and plural forms of such defined terms:
“1933 Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“1934 Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Acquisition” means the acquisition by the Company or any direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company of a majority of the Equity Interests or substantially all of the assets and business of any Person, whether by direct purchase of Equity Interests, asset purchase, merger, consolidation or like combination.
“Affiliate” means a Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Person specified.
“Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the preamble.
“Blue Sky Application” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.3(a).
“Board of Directors” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
“Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day on which banks are permitted or required to be closed in New York City.
“Capital Stock” means the Common Stock and any other classes of capital stock of the Company.


“Change of Control” means, with respect to the Company, on or after the date of this Agreement:
(a)a change in the composition of the Board of Directors of the Company at a single shareholder meeting where a majority of the individuals that were directors of the Company immediately prior to the start of such shareholder meeting are no longer directors at the conclusion of such meeting, without prior written consent of the Investor;
(b)a change, without prior written consent of the Investor, in the composition of the Board of Directors of the Company prior to the termination of this Agreement where a majority of the individuals that were directors as of the date of this Agreement cease to be directors of the Company prior to the termination of this Agreement;
(c)other than a shareholder that holds such a position at the date of this Agreement, if a Person comes to have beneficial ownership, control or direction over more than forty percent (40%) of the voting rights attached to any class of voting securities of the Company; or
(d)the sale or other disposition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in a single transaction, or in a series of transactions, of all or substantially all of their respective assets.
For purposes of the Transaction Documents the following shall not constitute a “Change of Control”:
(i)the transfer of beneficial ownership, control or direction of the voting rights attached to any class of voting securities of the Company as a bona fide gift, by will or intestacy or to a family member or trust or other estate planning entity for the benefit of the undersigned or family members (for purposes of this lock-up agreement, “family member” means any relationship by blood, marriage, domestic partnership or adoption, not more remote than first cousin); and
(ii)the appointment of independent directors as required by the listing standards of any of the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, or the New York Stock Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing) in connection with the listing of the Common Stock on such trading market.
“Closing” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(b).
“Closing Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(b).
“Commitment Shares” means 25,000 shares of Common Stock issuable in accordance with Section 5.15.


“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share.
“Company” has the meaning set forth in the preamble.
“Conversion Shares” means the Common Stock issuable upon the full or any partial conversion of the Note.
“Disclosure Letter” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.
“Effectiveness Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.2(a).
“Equity Interests” means and includes capital stock, membership interests and other similar equity securities, and shall also include warrants or options to purchase capital stock, membership interests or other equity interests.
“Event” means any event, change, development, effect, condition, circumstance, matter, occurrence or state of facts.
“Event of Default” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1.
“Exempted Securities” means (a) shares of Common Stock or preferred shares or rights, warrants or options to purchase Common Stock or preferred shares issued as consideration for any Acquisition, (b) equity securities issued by reason of a dividend, stock split, split-up or other distribution on shares Common Stock, (c) shares of Common Stock or rights, warrants or options to purchase shares of Common Stock issued to employees or directors of, or consultants or advisors to, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to a plan, agreement or arrangement approved by the Board of Directors (“Equity Plans”), (d) securities issuable in connection with the $4,500,000 total financing facility with Live Oak Banking Company, or (e) shares of Common Stock issued upon the exercise or conversion of options or warrants outstanding on the date hereof.
“Funding Amount” means an amount equal to Eight Hundred Thousand Dollars ($800,000).
“GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles.
“HSR Act” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.12.
“Investor” has the meaning set forth in the preamble.
“Investor Group” shall mean the Investor plus any other Person with which the Investor is considered to be part of a group under Section 13 of the 1934 Act or with which the Investor otherwise files reports under Sections 13 and/or 16 of the 1934 Act.
“Investor Party” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.11(a).


“Investor Shares” means the the Conversion Shares, the Warrant Shares, the Commitment Shares and any other shares issued or issuable to the Investor pursuant to this Agreement, Note or the Warrant.
“IP Rights” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10.
“Law” means any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree, including, without limitation, any federal and state securities Laws.
“Legend Removal Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(c).
“Losses” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.11(a).
“Material Adverse Effect” means any material adverse effect on (i) the businesses, properties, assets, prospects, operations, results of operations or financial condition of the Company, or the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (ii) the ability of the Company to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or to perform its obligations hereunder or under the Note or the Warrant; provided, however, that none of the following shall be deemed either alone or in combination to constitute, and none of the following shall be taken into account in determining whether there has been or would be, a Material Adverse Effect: (a) any adverse effect resulting from or arising out of general economic conditions; (b) any adverse effect resulting from or arising out of general conditions in the industries in which the Company and the Subsidiaries operate; (c) any adverse effect resulting from any changes to applicable Law; or (d) any adverse effect resulting from or arising out of any natural disaster or any acts of terrorism, sabotage, military action or war or any escalation or worsening thereof; provided, further, that any event, occurrence, fact, condition or change referred to in clauses (a) through (d) immediately above shall be taken into account in determining whether a Material Adverse Effect has occurred or could reasonably be expected to occur to the extent that such event, occurrence, fact, condition or change has a disproportionate effect on the Company and/or the Subsidiaries compared to other participants in the industries in which the Company and the Subsidiaries operate.
“Maximum Percentage” means 4.99%; provided, that if at any time after the date hereof the Investor Group beneficially owns in excess of 4.99% of any class of Equity Interests in the Company that is registered under the 1934 Act, then the Maximum Percentage shall automatically increase to 9.99% so long as the Investor Group owns in excess of 4.99% of such class of Equity Interests (and shall, for the avoidance of doubt, automatically decrease to 4.99% upon the Investor Group ceasing to own in excess of 4.99% of such class of Equity Interests).
“Money Laundering Laws” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.25.
“Note” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
“Notice Termination Time” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.2.
“OFAC” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.23.


“Offer Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.1.
“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Prepayment Right” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4.
“Press Release” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.10.
“Principal Amount” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
“Proceedings” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.6.
“Prohibited Transaction” means a transaction with a third party or third parties in which the Company issues or sells (or arranges or agrees to issue or sell):
(a)any debt, equity or equity-linked securities (including options or warrants) that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive shares of the Company’s Capital Stock:
(i)at a conversion, repayment, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based on, and/or varies with, a discount to the future trading prices of, or quotations for, shares of Common Stock; or
(ii)at a conversion, repayment, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt, equity or equity- linked security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events (other than warrants that may be repriced by the Company); or
(b)any securities in a capital or debt raising transaction or series of related transactions which grant to an investor the right to receive additional securities based upon future transactions of the Company on terms more favorable than those granted to such investor in such first transaction or series of related transactions;
and are deemed to include transactions generally referred to as at-the-market transactions (ATMs) or equity lines of credit and stand-by equity distribution agreements, and convertible securities and loans having a similar effect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and for the avoidance of doubt, rights issuances, shareholder purchase plans, and Equity Plans, but each at a fixed price per share, shall not be deemed to be a Prohibited Transaction.
“Prospectus” means the prospectus included in any Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Investor Shares covered by such Registration Statement and by all other amendments and supplements to the prospectus, including post-effective amendments and all material incorporated by reference in such prospectus, and any “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act.


“register,” “registered” and “registration” refer to a registration made by preparing and filing a Registration Statement or similar document in compliance with the 1933 Act (as defined below), and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such Registration Statement or document.
“Registration Statement” means any registration statement of the Company filed under the 1933 Act that covers the resale of any of the Investor Shares pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, including the Prospectus and amendments and supplements to such Registration Statement, and including post-effective amendments, all exhibits and all material incorporated by reference in such Registration Statement.
“Required Minimum” means, as of any date, the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock then issued or potentially issuable in the future pursuant to the Transaction Documents, including any Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise in full of the Warrant or Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion in full of the Note, ignoring any conversion or exercise limits set forth therein.
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Securities” means the Note, the Warrant, and the Investor Shares.
“Securities Termination Event” means either of the following has occurred:
(a)trading in securities generally in the United States has been suspended or limited for a consecutive period of greater than three (3) Business Days; or
(b)a banking moratorium has been declared by the United States or the New York State authorities and is continuing for a consecutive period of greater than three (3) Business Days.
“Subsequent Financing” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.1.
“Subsidiaries” and “Subsidiary” have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4(b).
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Note, the Warrant and any other documents or agreements executed or delivered in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.
“Warrant” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
“Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant.
2.PURCHASE AND SALE OF THE NOTE, THE WARRANT AND THE PURCHASE SHARES
2.1Purchase and Sale of the Note, and the Warrant. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein at the Closing, the Company shall issue and sell to the Investor, and


the Investor shall purchase from the Company, for the Funding Amount (a) a convertible promissory note, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Note”), in the principal amount of Eight Hundred Forty Thousand Dollars ($840,000) (the “Principal Amount”), and (b) a Common Stock purchase warrant, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B, registered in the name of the Investor, pursuant to which the Investor shall have the right to acquire 700,000 shares of Common Stock at per share exercise price of $ 1.38 (the “Warrant”).
2.2Closing. The closing of the offer and sale of the Note and the Warrant shall take place remotely via the exchange of documents and signature and shall occur no later than five (5) Business Days following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, subject to satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Section 6, or at such other time and place as the Company and the Investor agree upon, orally or in writing (the “Closing”, and the date the Closing is completed being the “Closing Date”).
2.3Prepayment Right. As set forth in the Note, the Company may pre-pay the principal amount of the Note with the prior written consent of the Investor upon such terms as may be required by the Investor.
3.REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. The Company represents and warrants to the Investor and covenants with the Investor that as of the Closing Date, except as is set forth in the Disclosure Letter being delivered to the Investor as of the date hereof and updated and delivered to the Investor as of the Second Closing Date, as applicable (the “Disclosure Letter”), the following representations and warranties are true and correct:
3.1Organization and Qualification. The Company is a corporation duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the Laws of the State of Nevada and has the requisite corporate power and authority to own its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted. The Company is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing (if a good standing concept exists in such jurisdiction) in every jurisdiction in which the ownership of its property or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification necessary, except to the extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.2Authorization; Enforcement; Compliance with Other Instruments. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute the Transaction Documents, to issue and sell the Note and the Warrant and issue the Commitment Shares pursuant hereto, and to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents, including issuing the Investor Shares on the terms set forth in this Agreement. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the issuance and sale of the Securities pursuant hereto, including without limitation the reservation of the Conversion Shares and the Warrant Shares for future insuance, have been duly and validly authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors and no further consent or authorization is required by the Company, its Board of Directors, its shareholders or any other Person in connection therewith. The Transaction Documents have been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their


respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar Laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of creditors’ rights and remedies.
3.3No Conflicts. Upon receipt of a written waiver from Live Oak Banking Company in respect of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the issuance and sale of the Note and the Warrant and the issuance of the Commitment Shares hereunder will not (a) conflict with or result in a violation of the Company’s Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws, (b) conflict with, or constitute a material default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a material default) under, or give to others any right of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is a party, or (c) subject to the making of the filings referred to in Section 5, violate in any material respect any Law applicable to the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or by which any of their properties or assets are bound or affected. Assuming the accuracy of the Investor’s representations in Section 4 and subject to the making of the filings referred to in Section 5, (i) no approval or authorization will be required from any governmental authority or agency, regulatory or self-regulatory agency or other third party in connection with the issuance of the Note, the Warrant and the Commitment Shares and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including the issuance of the Conversion Shares upon conversion of the Note and the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the Warrant) and (ii) the issuance of the Note, the Warrant and the Commitment Shares, and the issuance of the Conversion Shares upon the conversion of the Note and the Warrant Shares upon exercise of the Warrant will be exempt from the registration and qualification requirements under the 1933 Act and all applicable state securities Laws.
3.4Capitalization and Subsidiaries.
(a)The authorized Capital Stock of the Company consists of 3 billion shares of Common Stock. As of the close of business on December 31, 2022, 41,699,342 shares of Common Stock were issued and outstanding; and since December 31, 2022, and through the date of this Agreement, the Company has issued 0 additional shares of Common Stock. As of December 31, 2022, (i) an aggregate of 6,450,000 shares of Common Stock are issuable upon exercise of options granted, (ii) 5,678,836 shares of Common Stock are reserved for issuance upon exercise of outstanding warrants with exercise prices ranging from $0.00 to $4.00 per share, (iii) an aggregate of 2,500,000 of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the 2021 Stock Incentive Plan, and (iv) an aggregate of 12,344,681 shares of Common Stock for issuance upon the conversion of an affiliate note payable. The Company has duly reserved up to 25,000 shares of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to this Agreement, 700,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance upon conversion of the Note and has duly reserved up to 608,696 shares of Common Stock for issuance upon exercise of the Warrant. The Conversion Shares, when issued upon conversion of the Note in accordance with their terms, and the Warrant Shares, if and when issued upon exercise of the Warrant in accordance with their terms, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the issuance thereof. No shares of the Company’s Capital Stock are subject to preemptive rights or any other


similar rights or any liens or encumbrances suffered or permitted by the Company. The Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws previously provided to the Investor are true and correct copies of the Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws as in effect as of the Closing Date. The Company is not in violation of any provision of its Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation or Amended and Restated Bylaws.
(b)Schedule 3.4(b) lists each direct and indirect subsidiary of the Company (each, a “Subsidiary” and collectively, the “Subsidiaries”). The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary. No Subsidiary has any outstanding stock options, warrants or other instruments pursuant to which such Subsidiary may at any time or under any circumstances be obligated to issue any shares of its capital stock or other Equity Interests. Each Subsidiary is duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation (if a good standing concept exists in such jurisdiction) and has all requisite power and authority to own its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted.
(c)Except as otherwise set forth in this Section 3.4(c), neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is bound by any agreement or arrangement pursuant to which it is obligated to register the sale of any securities under the 1933 Act. There are no outstanding securities of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem or purchase any security of the Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance of the Note, the Warrant or the Investor Shares. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement.
(d)The issuance and sale of any of the Securities will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities, or to satisfy any related contractual obligations, to any other Person and will not result in the adjustment of the exercise, conversion, exchange, or reset price of any outstanding securities.
3.5Financial Statements.
(a)As of their respective dates, the financial statements of the Company that have been provided to the Investor by the Company, have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, and audited by a firm that is a member of the Public Companies Accounting Oversight Board consistently applied, during the periods involved (except as may be otherwise indicated in such financial statements or the notes thereto, or, in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may exclude footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company as of the dates thereof and the consolidated results of its operations and consolidated cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments). No other written information provided by or on behalf of the Company to the Investor in connection with the Investor’s purchase of the Note, the Warrant and


the Purchase Shares contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstance under which they are or were made, not misleading.
(b)The Company and each of the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) reasonable controls to safeguard assets are in place and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
3.6Litigation and Regulatory Proceedings. Apart from certain employee litigation claims previously disclosed to the Investor, there are no material actions, causes of action, suits, claims, proceedings, inquiries or investigations (collectively, “Proceedings”) before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of Company or any of the Subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Common Stock or any other class of issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s Capital Stock, or any of the Company’s or the Subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such and, to the knowledge of the executive officers of the Company, there is no reason to believe that there is any basis for any such Proceeding.
3.7No Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. No event, development or circumstance has occurred or exists, or to the knowledge of the executive officers of the Company is reasonably anticipated to occur or exist that would reasonably be anticipated to have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.8Compliance with Law. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries have conducted and are conducting their respective businesses in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Laws as advised by counsel to the Company.
3.9Employee Relations. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is involved in any union labor dispute nor, to the knowledge of the Company, is any such dispute threatened. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is a party to any collective bargaining agreement. No executive officer (as defined in Rule 501(f) of the 1933 Act) has notified the Company that such officer intends to leave the Company’s employ or otherwise terminate such officer’s employment with the Company.
3.10Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and each Subsidiary owns or possesses adequate rights or licenses to use all trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights (collectively, “IP Rights”) necessary to conduct their respective businesses as now conducted. None of the material IP Rights of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries are expected to expire or terminate within three (3) years from the date of this Agreement. Neither the Company nor


any Subsidiary is infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating any IP Rights of any other Person. No claim has been asserted, and no Proceeding is pending, against the Company or any Subsidiary alleging that the Company or any Subsidiary is infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating the IP Rights of any other Person, and, to the Company’s knowledge, no such claim or Proceeding is threatened, and the Company is not aware of any facts or circumstances which might give rise to any such claim or Proceeding. The Company and the Subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their material IP Rights.
3.11Environmental Laws. Except, in each case, as would not be reasonably anticipated to have a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and the Subsidiaries (a) are in compliance with any and all applicable Laws relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants, (b) have received and hold all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under all such Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (c) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval.
3.12Title to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them which is material to their respective businesses, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company or any Subsidiary are held under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and the Subsidiaries.
3.13Insurance. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as management of the Company reasonably believes to be prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for, and the Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able to renew all existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers.
3.14Regulatory Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries have in full force and effect all certificates, approvals, authorizations and permits from all regulatory authorities and agencies necessary to own, lease or operate their respective properties and assets and conduct their respective businesses, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of Proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, approval, authorization or permit, except for such certificates, approvals, authorizations or permits with respect to which the failure to hold would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
3.15No Materially Adverse Contracts, Etc. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is (a) subject to any charter, corporate or other legal restriction, or any judgment, decree or order which in the judgment of the Company’s officers has or is expected in the future to have a Material Adverse Effect or (b) a party to any contract or agreement which in the


judgment of the Company’s management has or would reasonably be anticipated to have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.16Taxes. The Company and the Subsidiaries each has made or filed, or caused to be made or filed, all United States federal and other material tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject and has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, required to be paid by it, regardless of whether such amounts are shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which it has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction.
3.17Solvency. After giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (a) the Company’s fair saleable value of its assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature; and (b) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its debt when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction.
3.18Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
3.19Reserved.
3.20No General Solicitation. Neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any person acting on its behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Note or the Warrant pursuant to this Agreement.
3.21Acknowledgment Regarding the Investor’s Purchase of the Note and the Warrant. The Company’s Board of Directors has approved the execution of the Transaction Documents and the issuance and sale of the Note and the Warrant and the issuance of the Commitment Shares, based on its own independent evaluation and determination that the terms of the Transaction Documents are reasonable and fair to the Company and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. The Company is entering into this Agreement and is issuing and selling the each of the Note, the Warrant and the Purchase Shares voluntarily and without economic duress. The Company has had the right and opportunity to seek the advice of independent legal counsel of its own choosing in respect of the Transaction Documents and the


transactions contemplated thereby. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Note, the Warrant and the Commitment Shares and the transactions contemplated hereby and that neither the Investor nor any person affiliated with the Investor is acting as a financial advisor to, or a fiduciary of, the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to execution of the Transaction Documents or the issuance of the Note, the Warrant and the Commitment Shares or any other transaction contemplated hereby.
3.22No Brokers’, Finders’ or Other Advisory Fees or Commissions. No brokers, finders or other similar advisory fees or commissions will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary or by any of their respective agents with respect to the issuance of the Note, the Warrant or the Commitment Shares or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
3.23OFAC. None of the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee, affiliate or person acting on behalf of the Company and/or any Subsidiary has been or is currently subject to any United States sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury (“OFAC”); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use any proceeds received from the Investor, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to its Subsidiaries or to any affiliated entity, joint venture partner or other person or entity, to finance any investments in, or make any payments to, any country or person currently subject to any of the sanctions of the United States administered by OFAC.
3.24No Foreign Corrupt Practices. None of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries has, directly or indirectly: (a) made or authorized any contribution, payment or gift of funds or property to any official, employee or agent of any governmental authority of any jurisdiction except as otherwise permitted under applicable Law; or (b) made any contribution to any candidate for public office, in either case, where either the payment or the purpose of such contribution, payment or gift was, is, or would be prohibited under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or under any other legislation of any relevant jurisdiction covering a similar subject matter applicable to the Company or its Subsidiaries and their respective operations and the Company has instituted and maintained policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance with such legislation.
3.25Anti-Money Laundering. The operations of each of the Company and the Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with all applicable anti-money laundering laws, regulations, rules and guidelines in its jurisdiction of incorporation and in each other jurisdiction in which such entity, as the case may be, conducts business (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”) and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental authority involving the Company or its Subsidiaries with respect to any of the Money Laundering Laws is, to the knowledge of the Company, pending, threatened or contemplated.


3.26Disclosure. The Company confirms that neither it, nor to its knowledge, any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Investor or its agents or counsel with any information that the Company believes constitutes material, non-public information. The Company understands and confirms that the Investor will rely on the foregoing representations and covenants in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All disclosures provided to the Investor regarding the Company, its business and the transactions contemplated hereby, furnished by or on behalf of the Company (including the Company’s representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement) are true and correct in all material respects and do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
4.REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE INVESTOR. The Investor represents and warrants to the Company as follows:
4.1Organization and Qualification. The Investor is a limited liability company, duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware.
4.2Authorization; Enforcement; Compliance with Other Instruments. The Investor has the requisite power and authority to enter into this Agreement, to purchase the Note, and the Warrant and to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party have been duly and validly authorized by the Investor’s governing body and no further consent or authorization is required. The Transaction Documents to which it is a party have been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Investor and constitute valid and binding obligations of the Investor, enforceable against the Investor in accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of creditors’ rights and remedies.
4.3No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party by the Investor and the purchase of the Note and the Warrant by the Investor will not (a) conflict with or result in a violation of the Investor’s organizational documents, (b) conflict with, or constitute a material default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a material default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement, contract, indenture mortgage, indebtedness or instrument to which the Investor is a party, or (c) violate in any material respect any Law applicable to the Investor or by which any of the Investor’s properties or assets are bound or affected. No approval or authorization will be required from any governmental authority or agency, regulatory or self-regulatory agency or other third party in connection with the purchase of the Note and the Warrant and the Commitment Shares and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.4Investment Intent; Accredited Investor. The Investor is purchasing the Note and the Warrant and receiving the Commitment Shares for its own account, for investment


purposes, and not with a view towards distribution. The Investor is an “accredited investor” as such term is defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D of the 1933 Act. The Investor is controlled by citizens of the United States of America. The Investor has, by reason of its business and financial experience, such knowledge, sophistication and experience in financial and business matters and in making investment decisions of this type that it is capable of (a) evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in the Note, the Warrant and the Investor Shares and making an informed investment decision, (b) protecting its own interests and (c) bearing the economic risk of such investment for an indefinite period of time.
4.5No Other Representations. Except for the representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement and in other Transaction Documents, the Investor makes no other representations or warranties to the Company.
5.OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES.
5.1Legends, etc.
(a)Securities may only be disposed of pursuant to an effective registration statement under the 1933 Act, to the Company or pursuant to an available exemption from or in a transaction not subject to the registration requirements of the 1933 Act, and in compliance with any applicable state securities laws.
(b)Certificates evidencing the Securities will contain the following legend, so long as is required by this Section 5.1(b) or Section 5.1(c):
[NEITHER THESE SECURITIES NOR THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THESE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN REGISTERED] [THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED] WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. [THESE SECURITIES AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THESE SECURITIES] [THESE SECURITIES] MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.


The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor may from time to time pledge, and/or grant a security interest in some or all of the Securities, in accordance with applicable securities laws, pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement in connection with a bona fide margin account and, if required under the terms of such agreement or account, the Investor may transfer pledged or secured Securities to the pledgees or secured parties; provided that the Investor may not pledge or grant a security interest in any of the Securities if the applicable pledgee is not controlled by citizens of the United States of America. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval or consent of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel to the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection with the pledge, but such legal opinion may be required in connection with a subsequent transfer following default by the Investor transferee of the pledge. No notice shall be required of such pledge. At the Company’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Securities including the preparation and filing of any required prospectus supplement under Rule 424(b)(3) of the 1933 Act or other applicable provision of the 1933 Act to appropriately amend the list of selling stockholders thereunder.
(c)Certificates evidencing the Investor Shares shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 5.1(b)): (i) while a Registration Statement is effective under the 1933 Act, (ii) following any sale of such Investor Shares pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) while such Investor Shares are eligible for sale without restriction under Rule 144(k), or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the 1933 Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the Staff of the SEC). The Company shall cause its counsel to issue any legal opinion or instruction required by the Company’s transfer agent to comply with the requirements set forth in this Section. At such time as a legend is no longer required for the Investor Shares under this Section 5.1(c), the Company will, no later than three (3) Business Days following the delivery by the Investor to the Company or the Company’s transfer agent of a certificate representing Investor Shares containing a restrictive legend (such third Business Day, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to the Investor a certificate representing such Investor Shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to any transfer agent of the Company that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section except as it may reasonably determine are necessary or appropriate to comply or to ensure compliance with those applicable laws that are enacted or modified after the Closing.
5.2Furnishing of Information. The Company covenants that it will take such action as any holder of the Securities may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Person to sell such Investor Shares without registration under the 1933 Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by Rule 144 or other applicable exemptions.
5.3Integration. The Company shall not, and shall use its best efforts to ensure that no Affiliate of the Company shall, sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the 1933 Act) that will be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the 1933 Act of the sale of the Securities to the Investor.


5.4Notification of Certain Events. The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Investor of (a) the occurrence or non-occurrence of any Event, the occurrence or non-occurrence of which would render any representation or warranty of the Company contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, if made on or immediately following the date of such Event, untrue or inaccurate in any material respect, (b) the occurrence of any Event that, individually or in combination with any other Events, has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (c) any failure of the Company to comply with or satisfy any covenant or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it hereunder or any Event that would otherwise result in the nonfulfillment of any of the conditions to the Investor’s obligations hereunder, (d) any written notice or other written communication from any Person alleging that the consent of such Person is or may be required in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, or (e) any Proceeding pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against a party relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document.
5.5Available Stock. The Company shall at all times keep authorized and reserved and available for issuance, free of preemptive rights, such number of shares of Common Stock as are issuable upon repayment or conversion in full of the Note and exercise in full of the Warrant at any time. If the Company determines at any time that it does not have a sufficient number of authorized Common Stock to reserve and keep available for issuance as described in this Section 5.5, the Company shall use all commercially reasonable efforts to increase the number of authorized Common Stock.
5.6Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the proceeds from the sale of the Note, the Warrant and the Purchase Shares to help fund a pending acquisition and for general corporate purposes.
5.7Repayment of Note. Apart from payments in respect of Indebtedness owing to Live Oak Banking Company, the Company shall not make any voluntary cash prepayments on any Indebtedness at any time while any amounts are owing under the Note other than cash payments the Company is required to make pursuant to the express terms thereof existing on the date hereof. If the Company or any Subsidiary issues any debt, including any subordinated debt or convertible debt (other than the Note), any preferred shares or any other Equity Interests, other than Exempted Securities, unless otherwise waived in writing by and at the discretion of the Investor, the Company will immediately utilize the proceeds of such issuance (or cause such Subsidiary to immediately utilize the proceeds of such issuance) to repay the Note.
5.8Intercreditor Agreement. In the event that the Company or any Subsidiary incurs debt or issues convertible debt securities to a seller as partial consideration paid to such seller in connection with an Acquisition, unless otherwise waived in writing by the Investor, as a condition to consummation of such Acquisition, the holder of such debt or convertible debt securities shall enter into an intercreditor agreement with the Company and the Investor on terms reasonably satisfactory to the Investor.


5.9Prohibited Transactions. The Company hereby covenants and agrees not to enter into any Prohibited Transactions without the Investor’s prior written consent, until the later of (a) thirty (30) days after such time as the Note have been repaid in full, as applicable, and/or have been converted into Conversion Shares and (b) the date on which the Investor ceases to hold more than one and one half percent (1.5%) of the outstanding shares of Common Stock or have the right to acquire more than one and one half percent (1.5%) of the outstanding shares of Common Stock.
5.10Publicity. The Company shall, by 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the Business Day immediately following the date hereof, issue a press release disclosing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby (the “Press Release”); provided, that the Company may not issue the Press Release unless it is mutually agreeable to the Company and the Investor. Following the execution of this Agreement, the Investor and its Affiliates and/or advisors may place announcements on their respective corporate websites and in financial and other newspapers and publications (including, without limitation, customary “tombstone” advertisements) describing the Investor’s relationship with the Company under this Agreement in a manner consistent with the Press Release and including the name and corporate logo of the Company. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, to comply with United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(3)(i), each of the Company and the Investor, and each employee, representative or other agent of the Company or the Investor, may disclose to any and all persons, without limitation of any kind, the U.S. federal and state income tax treatment, and the U.S. federal and state income tax structure, of the transactions contemplated hereby and all materials of any kind (including opinions or other tax analyses) that are provided to such party relating to such tax treatment and tax structure insofar as such treatment and/or structure relates to a U.S. federal or state income tax strategy provided to such recipient.
5.11Indemnification of the Investor.
(a)The Company will indemnify and hold the Investor, its Affiliates and their respective directors, officers, managers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents and permitted successors and assigns (each, an “Investor Party”) harmless from any and all damages, losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation and defense (collectively, “Losses”) that any such Investor Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to:
(i)any breach or inaccuracy of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement made by the Company in any Transaction Document;
(ii)any misrepresentation made by the Company in any Transaction Document;
(iii)any Proceeding before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body based upon, or resulting from the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents or the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby, and whether or not the Investor is party


thereto by claim, counterclaim, crossclaim, as a defendant or otherwise, or if such Proceeding is based upon, or results from, any of the items set forth in clauses (i) through (iii) above.
(b)In addition to the indemnity contained herein, the Company will reimburse each Investor Party for its reasonable legal and other expenses (including the cost of any investigation, preparation and travel in connection therewith) incurred in connection therewith, as such expenses are incurred.
(c)The provisions of this Section 5.11 shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement.
5.12Antitrust Notification. If the Investor determines, in its sole judgment and upon the advice of counsel, that the issuance of the Note, the Warrant or the Investor Shares pursuant to the terms hereof would be subject to the provisions of the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “HSR Act”), the Company shall file as soon as practicable after the date on which the Company receives notice from the Investor of the applicability of the HSR Act and a request to so file with the United States Federal Trade Commission and the United States Department of Justice the notification and report form required to be filed by it pursuant to the HSR Act in connection with such issuance.
5.13Change of Prime Broker, Custodian. The Investor has informed the Company of the names of its prime broker and its share custodian. The Investor shall notify the Company of any change in its prime broker or share custodian within three (3) Business Days of such change having taken effect.
5.14Share Transfer Agent. The Company has informed the Investor of the name of its share transfer agent and represents and warrants that the transfer agent participates in the Depository Trust Company Fast Automated Securities Transfer program. The Company shall not change its share transfer agent without the prior written consent of the Investor.
5.15Commitment Shares. As further inducement to enter into this Agreement the Company shall issue to the Investor on the Closing Date the Commitment Shares.
5.16Set-Off.
(a)The Investor may set off any of its obligations to the Company (whether or not due for payment), against any of the Company’s obligations to the Investor (whether or not due for payment) under this Agreement and/or any other Transaction Document.
(b)The Investor may do anything necessary to effect any set-off undertaken in accordance with this Section 5.16 (including varying the date for payment of any amount payable by the Investor to the Company).
6.CLOSING CONDITIONS
6.1Conditions Precedent to the Obligations of the Investor. The obligations of the Investor to fund the Note and acquire the Warrant and the Commitment Shares are subject to


the satisfaction or waiver by the Investor, at or before the Closing of each of the following conditions:
(a)Required Documentation. The Company must have delivered to the Investor (i) copies of all resolutions duly adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company, or any such other documentation of the Company approving the Agreement, the Transaction Documents and any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby;
(b)Consents and Permits. The Company must have obtained and delivered to the Investor copies of all necessary permits, approvals, and registrations necessary to effect this Agreement, the Transaction Documents and any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, including pursuant to Section 3.14 of this Agreement;
(c)Reserved;
(d)No Event(s) of Default. The Investor must be of the reasonable opinion that no Event of Default has occurred and no Event of Default would result from the execution of this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby;
(e)Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company contained herein shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when made and as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of such date;
(f)Performance. The Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by it at or prior to the Closing;
(g)No Injunction. No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents;
(h)Limitation on Beneficial Ownership. The issuance of the Note, the Warrant and the Commitment Shares shall not cause the Investor Group to become, directly or indirectly, a “beneficial owner” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) of a number of Equity Interests of a class that is registered under the 1934 Act which exceeds the Maximum Percentage of the Equity Interests of such class that are outstanding at such time;
(i)Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions. The Company shall have provided irrevocable instructions, in a form acceptable to the Investor, executed by the Company’s share transfer agent providing for the reservation of shares of Common Stock in an amount equal to the Required Minimum.


(j)Funds Flow Request. The Company shall have delivered to the Investor a flow of funds request, substantially in the form set out in Exhibit C;
(k)The Company shall issue the Commitment Shares to the Investor.
6.2Conditions Precedent to the Obligations of the Company. The obligations of the Company to issue the Note, the Warrant and the Commitment Shares are subject to the satisfaction or waiver by the Company, at or before the Closing, of each of the following conditions:
(a)Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Investor contained herein shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when made and as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of such date;
(b)Performance. The Investor shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Investor at or prior to the Closing; and
(c)No Injunction. No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
7.EVENTS OF DEFAULT
7.1Events of Default. The occurrence of any of the following events shall be an “Event of Default” under this Agreement:
(a)an Event of Default (as defined in the Note);
(b)any of the representations or warranties made by the Company or any of its agents, officers, directors, employees or representatives in any Transaction Document or public filing being inaccurate, false or misleading in any material respect, as of the date as of which it is made or deemed to be made, including as of the Closing Date, or any certificate or financial or other written statements furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Investor or any of its representatives, is inaccurate, false or misleading, in any material respect, as of the date as of which it is made or deemed to be made, including as of the Closing Date; or
(c)a failure by the Company to comply with any of its covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement, including those set forth in Section 9.
7.2Investor Right to Investigate an Event of Default. If in the Investor’s reasonable opinion, an Event of Default has occurred, or is or may be continuing:
(a)the Investor may notify the Company that is wishes to investigate such purported Event of Default;


(b)the Company shall cooperate with the Investor in such investigation;
(c)the Company shall comply with all reasonable requests made by the Investor to the Company in connection with any investigation by the Investor and shall (i) provide all information requested by the Investor in relation to the Event of Default to the Investor; provided that the Investor agrees that any materially price sensitive information and/or non-public information will be subject to confidentiality, and (ii) provide all such requested information within three (3) Business Days of such request; and
(d)the Company shall pay all reasonable costs incurred by the Investor in connection with any such investigation.
7.3Remedies Upon an Event of Default
(a)If an Event of Default occurs pursuant to Section 7.1(a), the Investor shall have such remedies as are set forth in the Note.
(b)If an Event of Default occurs pursuant to Section 7.1(b) or Section 7.1(c) and is not remedied within (i) two (2) Business Days for an Event of Default occurring by the Company’s failure to comply with Section 7.1(c), or (ii) five (5) Business Days for an Event of Default occurring pursuant to Section 7.1(b), the Investor may declare, by notice to the Company, effective immediately, all outstanding obligations by the Company under the Transaction Documents to be immediately due and payable in immediately available funds and the Investor shall have no obligation to consummate the Closing or to accept the conversion of the Note into Conversion Shares.
(c)If any Event of Default occurs and is not remedied within (i) two (2) Business Days for an Event of Default occurring by the Company’s failure to comply with Section 7.1(c), or (ii) five (5) Business Days for an Event of Default occurring pursuant to Section 7.1(b), the Investor may, by written notice to the Company, terminate this Agreement effective as of the date set forth in the Investor’s notice.
8.TERMINATION
8.1Events of Termination. This Agreement:
(a)may be terminated:
(i)by the Investor on the occurrence or existence of a Securities Termination Event or a Change of Control;
(ii)by the mutual written consent of the Company and the Investor, at any time;
(iii)by either Party, by written notice to the other Party, effective immediately, if the Closing has not occurred within ten (10) Business Days of the date specified by this Agreement or such later date as the Company and the Investor


agree in writing, provided that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 8.1(a)(iii) is not available to any party that is in material breach of or material default under this Agreement or whose failure to fulfill any obligation under this Agreement has been the principal cause of, or has resulted in the failure of the Closing to occur; or
(iv)by the Investor, in accordance with Section 7.3(c).
8.2Automatic Termination. This Agreement will automatically terminate, without further action by the parties, at the time after the Closing Date when the applicable Principal Amount outstanding under the Note outstanding and any accrued but unpaid interest is reduced to zero (0), whether as a result of Conversion or repayment by the Company in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Note.
8.3Effect of Termination.
(a)Subject to Section 8.3(b), each party’s right of termination under Section 8.1 is in addition to any other rights it may have under this Agreement or otherwise, and the exercise of a right of termination will not be an election of remedies.
(b)If the Investor terminates this Agreement under Section 8.1(a)(i):
(i)the Investor may declare, by notice to the Company, all outstanding obligations by the Company under the Transaction Documents to be due and payable (including, without limitation, the immediate repayment of any Principal Amounts outstanding under the Note plus accrued but unpaid interest) without presentment, demand, protest or any other notice of any kind all of which are expressly waived by the Company, anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or in any other Transaction Document notwithstanding; and
(ii)the Company must within five (5) Business Days of such notice being received, pay to the Investor in immediately available funds the outstanding Principal Amounts for the Note plus all accrued interest thereon (if any), unless the Investor terminates this Agreement as a result of an Event of Default and provided that (A) subsequent to the termination under Section 8.1(a)(i), the Investor is not prohibited by Law or otherwise from exercising its conversion rights pursuant to this Agreement or the Note, (B) the Investor actually exercises its conversion rights under this Agreement or the Note, and (C) the Company otherwise complies in all respects with its obligation to issue Conversion Shares in accordance with the Note (which obligation will survive termination).
(c)Upon termination of this Agreement, the Investor will not be required to fund any further amount after the date of termination of the Agreement, provided that termination will not affect any undischarged obligation under this Agreement, and any obligation of the Company to pay or repay any amounts owing to the Investor hereunder and which have not been repaid at the time of termination.
(d)Nothing in this Agreement will be deemed to release any party from any liability for any breach by such party of the terms and provisions of this Agreement or


to impair the right of any party to compel specific performance by any other Party of its obligations under this Agreement.
9.REGISTRATION RIGHTS
9.1Piggyback Registration Rights. If the Company at any time determines to file a registration statement under the 1933 Act to register the offer and sale, by the Company, of Common Stock (other than (x) on Form S-4 or Form S-8 under the 1933 Act or any successor forms thereto, (y) an at-the-market offering, or (z) a registration of securities solely relating to an offering and sale to employees or directors of the Company pursuant to any employee stock plan or other employee benefit plan arrangement), the Company shall, as soon as reasonably practicable, give written notice to the Investor of its intention to so register the offer and sale of Common Stock and, upon the written request, given within five (5) Business Days after delivery of any such notice by the Company, of the Investor to include in such registration the Investor Shares (which request shall specify the number of Investor Shares proposed to be included in such registration), the Company shall cause all such Investor Shares to be included in such registration statement on the same terms and conditions as the Common Stock otherwise being sold pursuant to such registered offering.
9.2Company Obligations. The Company will use its best efforts to effect the registration of the Investor Shares in accordance with the terms hereof, and pursuant thereto the Company will, as expeditiously as possible:
(a)use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective and to remain continuously effective for a period that will terminate upon the first date on which all Investor Shares are either covered by the Registration Statement or may be sold without restriction, including volume or manner-of-sale restrictions, pursuant to Rule 144 or have been sold by the Investor (the “Effectiveness Period”) and advise the Investor in writing when the Effectiveness Period has expired;
(b)prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement effective for the Effectiveness Period and to comply with the provisions of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act with respect to the distribution of all of the Investor Shares covered thereby;
(c)provide copies to and permit counsel designated by the Investor to review all amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement no fewer than three (3) Business Days prior to its filing with the SEC and not file any document to which such counsel reasonably objects;
(d)furnish to the Investor and its legal counsel, without charge, (i) promptly after the same is prepared and publicly distributed, filed with the SEC, or received by the Company (but not later than two (2) Business Days after the filing date, receipt date or sending date, as the case may be) one copy of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, each preliminary prospectus and Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto,


and each letter written by or on behalf of the Company to the SEC or the staff of the SEC, and each item of correspondence from the SEC or the staff of the SEC, in each case relating to the Registration Statement (other than any portion of any thereof which contains information for which the Company has sought confidential treatment), and (ii) such number of copies of a Prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, and all amendments and supplements thereto and such other documents as the Investor may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Investor Shares that are covered by the related Registration Statement;
(e)immediately notify the Investor of any request by the SEC for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement or Prospectus or for additional information;
(f)use its commercially reasonable efforts to (i) prevent the issuance of any stop order or other suspension of effectiveness and, (ii) if such order is issued, obtain the withdrawal of any such order at the earliest possible moment and notify the Company of the issuance of any such order and the resolution thereof, or its receipt of notice of the initiation or threat of any proceeding for such purpose;
(g)prior to any public offering of Investor Shares, use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify or cooperate with the Investor and its counsel in connection with the registration or qualification of such Investor Shares for offer and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions requested by the Investor and do any and all other commercially reasonable acts or things necessary or advisable to enable the distribution in such jurisdictions of the Investor covered by the Registration Statement and the Company shall promptly notify the Investor of any notification with respect to the suspension of the registration or qualification of any of such Investor Shares for sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions or its receipt of notice of the initiation or threat of any proceeding for such purpose;
(h)immediately notify the Investor, at any time prior to the end of the Effectiveness Period, upon discovery that, or upon the happening of any event as a result of which, the Registration Statement or Prospectus includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading (in the case of the Prospectus, in light of the circumstances in which they were made), and promptly prepare, file with the SEC and furnish to such holder a supplement to or an amendment of such Registration Statement or Prospectus as may be necessary so that such Registration Statement or Prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading (in the case of such Prospectus, in light of the circumstances in which they were made);
(i)otherwise use its commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC under the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act;
(j)hold in confidence and not make any disclosure of information concerning the Investor provided to the Company unless (i) disclosure of such information is


necessary to comply with federal or state securities laws, (ii) the disclosure of such information is necessary to complete the Registration Statement or to avoid or correct a misstatement or omission in the Registration Statement, (iii) the release of such information is ordered pursuant to a subpoena or other final, non-appealable order from a court or governmental body of competent jurisdiction, or (iv) such information has been made generally available to the public other than by disclosure in violation of this Agreement or any other agreement, and upon learning that disclosure of such information concerning the Investor is sought in or by a court or governmental body of competent jurisdiction or through other means, give prompt written notice to the Investor and allow the Investor, at the Investor’s expense, to undertake appropriate action to prevent disclosure of, or to obtain a protective order for, such information; and
(k)take all other reasonable actions necessary to expedite and facilitate disposition by the Investor of all Investor Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement.
9.3Indemnification.
(a)Indemnification by the Company. The Company will indemnify and hold harmless the Investor Parties, from and against any Losses to which they may become subject under the 1933 Act or otherwise, arising out of, relating to or based upon: (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in any Registration Statement, any preliminary Prospectus, final Prospectus or other document, including any Blue Sky Application (as defined below), or any amendment or supplement thereof or any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or, in the case of the Registration Statement, necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or, in the case of any preliminary Prospectus, final Prospectus or other document, necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading; (ii) any Blue Sky Application or other document executed by the Company specifically for that purpose or based upon written information furnished by the Company filed in any state or other jurisdiction in order to qualify any or all of the Investor Shares under the securities laws thereof (any such application, document or information herein called a “Blue Sky Application”); (iii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company or its agents of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or any similar federal or state law or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company or its agents and relating to any action or inaction required of the Company in connection with the registration or the offer or sale of the Investor Shares pursuant to any Registration Statement; or (iv) any failure to register or qualify the Investor Shares included in any such Registration Statement in any state where the Company or its agents has affirmatively undertaken or agreed in writing that the Company will undertake such registration or qualification on the Investor’s behalf and will reimburse the Investor Indemnified Parties for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating, preparing or defending any such Losses; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any such case if and to the extent, but only to the extent, that any such Losses arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission so made in conformity with information furnished by the Investor or any such controlling Person in writing specifically for use in such Registration Statement or Prospectus.


(b)Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. Any Person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall (i) give prompt notice to the indemnifying party of any claim, action, suit or proceeding with respect to which it seeks indemnification following such Person’s receipt of, or such Person otherwise become aware of, the commencement of such claim, action, suit or proceeding and (ii) permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim, action, suit or proceeding with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; provided, however, that any Person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to participate in the defense of such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Person unless (A) the indemnifying party has agreed to pay such fees or expenses, (B) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense of such claim and employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Person or (C) in the reasonable judgment of any such Person, based upon written advice of its counsel, a conflict of interest exists between such Person and the indemnifying party with respect to such claims (in which case, if the Person notifies the indemnifying party in writing that such Person elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such claim on behalf of such Person); and provided, further, that the failure or delay of any indemnified party to give notice as provided herein shall not relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations hereunder, except to the extent that such failure or delay to give notice shall materially adversely affect the indemnifying party in the defense of any such claim or litigation. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for fees or expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys at any time for all such indemnified parties. No indemnifying party will, except with the consent of the indemnified party, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such indemnified party of a release from all liability in respect of such claim or litigation.
(c)Contribution. If for any reason the indemnification provided for in the preceding paragraph (a) is unavailable to an indemnified party or insufficient to hold it harmless, other than as expressly specified therein, the indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of such Losses in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnified party and the indemnifying party, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act shall be entitled to contribution from any Person not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section are in addition to any other rights or remedies that any indemnified party may have under applicable law, by separate agreement or otherwise.
10.RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 10 and applicable securities laws while the Note is outstanding, with the exception of any Indebtedness incurred to Live Oak Banking Company, if the Company proposes to issue any new Indebtedness (a “Subsequent Financing”), the Company shall first offer the Investor the opportunity to provide financing on the terms of such Indebtedness. The Investor shall be entitled


to apportion the right of first offer hereby granted to it in such proportions as it deems appropriate among itself and its Affiliates.
10.1The Company shall give notice (the “Offer Notice”) to the Investor, stating (a) its bona fide intention to issue such Indebtedness, and (b) the terms upon which it proposes to issue such Indebtedness.
10.2By notification to the Company within two (2) days after the date the Offer Notice is received (the “Notice Termination Time”), the Investor may elect to provide financing on the terms specified in the Offer Notice. If the Company receives no such notice from the Investor as of such Notice Termination Time, the Investor shall be deemed to have notified the Company that it does not elect to participate in such Subsequent Financing. The closing of any Indebtedness pursuant to this Section 9 shall occur within five (5) days of the date that the Offer Notice is given and the date of the issuance of such Indebtedness pursuant to Section 10.3.
10.3The Company may, during the five (5) day period following the expiration of the period provided in Section 10.2, issue the remaining portion of such Indebtedness to any Person or Persons at a price not less than, and upon terms no more favorable to the offeree than, those specified in the Offer Notice. If the Company does not enter into an agreement for the issuance of such Indebtedness within such period, or if such agreement is not consummated within thirty (30) days of the execution thereof, the right provided hereunder shall be deemed to be revived and such Indebtedness shall not be issued unless first reoffered to the Investors in accordance with this Section 10.
11.MOST FAVORED NATIONS
During the period where any monies are owed to the Investor pursuant to the Note, if the Company engages in any future financing transactions with a third party investor, the Company will provide the Investor with written notice (the “MFN Notice”) thereof promptly, but in no event, less than 10 days prior to closing any such financing transactions. Included with the MFN Notice shall be a copy of all documentation relating to such financing transaction and shall include, upon written request of the Investor, any additional information related to such subsequent investment as may be reasonably requested by the Investor. In the event the Investor determines that the terms of the subsequent investment are preferable to the terms of the securities of the Company issued to the Investor pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, the Investor will notify the Company in writing. Promptly after receipt of such written notice from the Investor, the Company agrees to amend and restate this Agreement and/or the Securities (which may include the conversion terms of the Note), to have such terms as are set forth in the instruments evidencing the subsequent investment as may be determined by the Investor in its sole discretion.
12.GENERAL PROVISIONS
12.1Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and


effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email at the email address specified in this Section prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York time) on a Business Day, (b) the next Business Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email at the email address specified in this Section on a day that is not a Business Day or later than 5:00 p.m. (New York time) on any date and earlier than 11:59 p.m. (New York time) on such date, (c) the Business Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as follows:
If to the Company:
Castellum, Inc.
3 Bethesda Metro Center
Suite 700
Bethesda, MD 20814
Telephone: (301) 524-4759
Email: jwright@castellumus.com
Attention: Jay Wright
With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Lucosky Brookman LLP
101 Wood Avenue South
Fifth Floor
Woodbridge, NJ 08830
Email: sbrookman@lucbro.com
Attention: Seth Brookman
If to the Investor:
Crom Cortana Fund LLC
228 Park Ave S
PMB 57033
New York, NY 10003-1502
Email: liam@crom-llc.com and john@crom-llc.com
Attention: Liam Sherif and John Chen
With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Email:
Attention:
or such other address as may be designated in writing hereafter, in the same manner, by such Person.


12.2Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be excessive in scope or otherwise invalid or unenforceable, such provision shall be adjusted rather than voided, if possible, so that it is enforceable to the maximum extent possible, and the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement will not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
12.3Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Laws of the State of Nevada, without reference to principles of conflict of laws or choice of laws.
12.4Jurisdiction and Venue. Any action, proceeding or claim arising out of, or relating in any way to this Agreement shall be brought and enforced in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The Company and the Investor irrevocably submit to the jurisdiction of such courts, which jurisdiction shall be exclusive, and hereby waive any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction or that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. The prevailing party in any such action shall be entitled to recover its reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees and out-of-pocket expenses relating to such action or proceeding.
12.5WAIVER OF RIGHT TO JURY TRIAL. THE COMPANY AND THE INVESTOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS.
12.6Survival. The representations, warranties, agreements and covenants contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
12.7Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the Exhibits and Schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
12.8Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived or amended except in a written instrument signed by the Company and the Investor. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of either party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.
12.9Construction. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. This Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provisions of this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents.
12.10Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by, the Company and the Investor and their respective successors and assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Investor. The Investor may assign any or all of


its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom the Investor assigns or transfers any Securities, provided such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions hereof that apply to the “Investor” and such transferee is an accredited investor.
12.11No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person.
12.12Further Assurances. Each party hereto shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as the other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
12.13Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two identical counterparts, both of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party. Signature pages delivered by facsimile or e-mail shall have the same force and effect as an original signature.
12.14Specific Performance. The Company acknowledges that monetary damages alone would not be adequate compensation to the Investor for a breach by the Company of this Agreement and the Investor may seek an injunction or an order for specific performance from a court of competent jurisdiction if (a) the Company fails to comply or threatens not to comply with this Agreement or (b) the Investor has reason to believe that the Company will not comply with this Agreement.
[Signature Page Follows]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first set forth above.
COMPANY:INVESTOR:
CASTELLUM, INC.CROM CORTANA FUND LLC
By:
/s/ Mark C. Fuller
By:/s/ Liam Sherif
Name: Mark C. Fuller
Name: Liam Sherif
Title: President & CEOTitle: Managing Member


EXHIBIT A
FORM OF NOTE
[See attached]


EXHIBIT B
FORM OF WARRANT
[See attached]

Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-3 and related Prospectus of Castellum, Inc. of our report dated March 17, 2023, relating to the consolidated financial statements of Castellum, Inc., appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Castellum, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2022.
We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading "Experts" in such Prospectus.
/s/ RSM US LLP
McLean, Virginia
December 1, 2023
1
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