TIDMGLR
RNS Number : 3547H
Galileo Resources PLC
14 November 2018
For immediate release
14 November 2018
Galileo Resources Plc
("Galileo" or "the Company")
Star Zinc Project - Exploration Target
Intermediate update on modelling of Phases 1 and 2 drilling
results
Progression towards Application for Mining Licence
Galileo is pleased to announce an Exploration Target (conceptual
in nature and not a Resource - see note (a) below for explanation)
derived from an intermediate stage conceptual grade-tonnage block
model estimate ('the Model") on the Company's 80.75%-owned Star
Zinc Project ("Star Zinc") in Zambia. The Model, independently
compiled by UK-based Addison Mining Services Ltd ("AMS") - uses all
drillhole and assay data from the 26-hole phase 1 drill program
previously reported on 14/05/2018 and portable XRF ("PXRF") data
from its phase 2 26-diamond drillhole (DDH) programme completed and
announced on 15 October 2018. (Shareholders are also referred to
the Disclaimers herein)
Highlights
-- The Phase 2 drilling increases significantly Star Zincs'
non-JORC conceptual grade and tonnage estimate (CGT) as published
on 4 June 2018. Wireframe models of the deposit suggest the
mineralisation potentially is open ended to east/south east
-- The Exploration Target(a) at above 3% Zn cut off is estimated
as being between 600,000 and 900,000 tonnes with an estimated
average grade of 10 to 12 % Zn.
-- Analysis of the model suggests that any completion of a
Maiden Resource Estimate (MRE) on Star Zinc will likely result in a
larger tonnage and contained metal at lower grade than the
previously announced non JORC 2012 CGT of 485,000 tonnes at 15.4%
Zn and 75,000 tonnes of contained zinc metal.
-- The new Model applied bulk density measurements to specific
Zn grade and not to a global value as previous CGT modelling had
done, which has resulted in a more realistic grade-tonnage
relationship.
-- Additional specific domains created by the Model identifies
areas for potential to mine selectively high grade Willemite
-- Chemical assay (c) results of the recently received three
DDHs: SZDD038, 039 and 040 from phase 2 drilling are presented in
table 1, together with the approximate true widths of DDH
intersections:
Table 1 Summary of Assay Results from Drillholes SZDD038-040
HOLE_ID Azimuth Dip Depth From Depth To Width Approx. True Width Zn%
degree m m m m
SZDD038 0 -55 35 52 17 16.4 11.93
-------- -------- ----------- --------- ------ ------------------- ------
Including 35.7 44.7 9 8.7 21.12
-------- -------- ----------- --------- ------ ------------------- ------
SZDD039 45 -55 35 52 17 15.5 14.28
-------- -------- ----------- --------- ------ ------------------- ------
Including 44 50.25 6.25 5.7 33.85
-------- -------- ----------- --------- ------ ------------------- ------
SZDD040 70 -55 23 43 20 16.7 20.11
-------- -------- ----------- --------- ------ ------------------- ------
Including 25 38 13 10.9 29.02
-------- -------- ----------- --------- ------ ------------------- ------
-- Figure 1 http://www.galileoresources.com/starzinc_geology.htm
shows the location of drillholes from phase 1 and 2 drilling
-- pXRF results ((d) () on the remaining 12 DDHs - still to be
chemically assayed - (see table 3), include previously reported (15
October 2018) results for SZDD041 to 048. The new pXRF data for
SZDD049 to 051 show significant mineralization and widths of 5.3 %
Zn over 17m downhole and 16.69% Zn over 25 m downhole respectively
for infill holes 050 and 052 on the fringes of the mineralised
domain. Past comparisons suggest that pXRF assaying is biased
towards reporting slightly lower values than that by chemical
assays
-- The positive results of the Exploration Target allow the
Company to advance with AMS and others, as soon as practicable, a
work program to include a pit design/mine plan and Mineral Resource
Estimate MRE) with the objective of meeting the requirements for an
application for a mining licence for Star Zinc and to supply
run-of-mine material for the Kabwe project under the Term Sheet
agreement to acquire Star Zinc
Colin Bird, Chief Executive Officer, said: "The result of this
programme and the Model is extremely pleasing with a significant
increase in conceptual tonnage and metal, which confirmed our
belief in the project's potential. We believe Star Zinc now has the
drilling density and necessary confidence to convert the CGT to a
maiden JORC Mineral Resource Estimate, planned for Q1/Q2 2019 once
all the chemical assays have been received. Past comparison of pXRF
results with chemical assays suggest that pXRF is biased towards
lower values than chemical assays. We will modify the Model and
report accordingly as the chemical assays are received.
We have instructed our consultants to expedite required work
with a view to applying for a mining license when this is
completed. To this end we intend to commission further refinement
of the Model to delineate the body into high grade and low grade
Willemite components and to develop an open pit design/mine plan
with a view to selective mining of a high grade component for
direct ore feed and a lower grade Willemite component for possible
physical upgrading also as ore feed. This is a major advantage for
the project, pursuant to the Term Sheet agreement to acquire Star
Zinc, in that a dedicated process plant would not be necessary.
Negotiations continue with Kabwe for an offtake agreement for Star
zinc ore."
Model and Disclaimer
This Exploration Target Model represents an intermediate step in
deposit evaluation and assessment, working towards an intended
Mineral Resource Estimate and JORC 2012 technical report pending
receipt of and verification of final laboratory assay results and
detailed geological interpretation.
The Model is based on chemical assays (c) on 26 DDHs from phase
1 drilling and non-chemical portable Xrf spectrometry ("pXRF') on
the 26 DDHs from phase 2 and only preliminary geological
interpretations at this stage.
(a) Potential grade of the Exploration Target presented in Table
2 is conceptual in nature: there is insufficient exploration data
to estimate a Mineral Resource at this time due to a lack of final
laboratory assay results and detailed on-going geological
interpretations. It is uncertain if further exploration will result
in the estimation of a Mineral Resource. However the directors
believe and have assurance that, subject to receipt of assay
results and appropriate quality control checks being met to the
satisfaction of a Competent Person as defined by the JORC 2012
Code, this programme has achieved the drilling density and
increased confidence potentially to complete a maiden Mineral
Resource Estimate - planned for Q1/Q2 2019.
Past comparisons of pXRF with chemical assay methods suggest the
former intrinsically has lower bias and higher grades can be expect
from chemical assaying.
(c) Chemical Analysis (Assay) by Accredited Intertek Genalysis
Laboratory Services: Zn and Ge by peroxide fusion finish with
ICP-OES/MS; Ag by 4-Acid digestion with MS.
Table 2 Summary of Exploration Target estimated at above 3%
Zn
Case VOLUME TONNES DENSITY Zn% Zn Metal Tonnes
(above cut-off grade)
Conservative 200,000 600,000 2.8 10 to 12% 60,000 to 72,000
-------- -------- -------- ----------------------- ------------------
Pragmatic 300,000 900,000 2.8 10 to 12% 90,000 to 110,000
-------- -------- -------- ----------------------- ------------------
Table 3 pXRF drilling results (d) for holes that intersected
mineralisation (subject to chemical assay - all m are downhole from
surface)
HOLE Azimuth Dip FROM TO Width Approx. Zn%
ID True Width
SZDD041 24 -55 9 21 12 11.39 3.28
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD041 34 49 15 14.22 18.26
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
Including 36 47 11 10.43 24.3
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD042 325 -65 0 7 7 6.79 1.35
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD042 24 31 7 6.8 15.52
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
Including 24 28 4 3.89 24.92
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD043 93 -55 0 8 8 6.07 0.47
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD043 15 24 9 6.82 23.71
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
Including 19 24 5 3.79 40.34
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD044 293 -55 0 3 3 2.54 0.96
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD045 340 -55 1 6 5 4.77 0.46
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD045 17 33 16 15.28 3.99
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
Including 17 20 3 2.86 18.8
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD047 180 -60 5 9 4 2.57 10.99
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD048 0 -55 0 8 8 7.73 0.55
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD048 27 49 22 21.35 23.05
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
Including 31 47 16 15.53 31.51
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD049 120 -55 0 9 9 6.03 0.8
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD049 27 33 6 3.98 0.65
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD050 270 -60 0 25 25 20.35 11.77
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
Including 10 24 14 11.4 19.47
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD051 270 -60 0 20 20 16.23 1.07
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
SZDD052 270 -60 0 27 27 22.16 5
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
Including 19 23 4 3.3 10.17
-------- ---- ----- --- ------ ------------ ------
(d) average of regular spaced point readings (3 times) over the
mineralised intersection . Whole length 1/4 core samples will be
submitted for chemical analysis and complete assay will be
announced in due course
Note pXRF Zn Determinations:
* 2-3 Single Point Determinations on 1m of Whole Core
Averaged
* No lower cut-off grade applied
* No high grade cut off applied
* Minimum Intersection drilled width of 3m
* Represent a Relevant 'Total Mineralised Interval'
Project Progression
Table 4 summarises the different In-company grade tonnage
estimates derived previously and comparison the AMS Exploration
Target which illustrates clearly the progression and potential to
enlarge the deposit with further exploration and drilling
Table 4 Summary of Different Conceptual Grade Tonnage Estimates
and Exploration Targets. None of the previous Mineral Resources
below are reported in accordance with the JORC 2012 Code.
Scenario ** Volume SG Tonnes Zn % Tonnes Zn
(m(3) ) metal
(Bushbuck Resources)
Conservative 2015 90,000 3.0 269,000 18 48,000
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------
(Bushbuck Resources)
Pragmatic 2015 129,000 3.0 386,000 18 68,000
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------
June 2018 152,000 3.2 485,000 15 75,000
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------
Conservative November
2018 AMS Exploration 10 to 60,000 to
Target 200,000 2.8 600,000 12 72,000
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------
Pragmatic
November 2018
AMS Exploration 10 to 90,000 to
Target 300,000 2.8 900,000 12 110,000
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------
** 3% cut-off
Future Work
The two phases of drilling have better defined the limits on
current mineralisation on the area currently targeted for resource
generation, though there are still potential additional drilling
targets, which may be warranted to test later, subject to
resource/optimisation/financial modelling. These targets include
several geophysical gravity highs, outcropping hematite bodies and
beyond the fringes of defined mineralisation, south east of which,
for example holes SZDD034 reported 4.9 m approximate true width @
9.4% Zn from 11.5m and SZDD036, 11.4 m approximate true width @
6.7% from 13m.
AMS have made the following recommendations for further work as
part of the estimation of the Exploration Target.
-- DGPS of drill hole collars.
-- Improve surface topographical control particularly in the pit area.
-- Complete detailed geological and fault interpretation to
improve geological models and to identify potential areas for
further step out drilling.
-- Complete trench/face channel sampling/logging within the pit
to better control models of mineralized domains.
-- Review of Phase 1 and 2 logging to ensure consistency and to
better identify the high-grade willemite zone.
-- Collect additional bulk density data from Phase 2 drilling
across a range of grades and lithologies to improve spatial spread
of bulk density data.
Corporate update
Galileo's subsidiary Enviro Zambia Ltd ("EZL") has applied to
register with the Zambian Revenues Authority (ZRA) the 14.25%
interest it acquired in Star Zinc licence from BMR Group Plc's
subsidiary Enviro Mining Ltd on 21 June 2018 for consideration of
ZMW100. EZL awaits a Tax Payer Identification Number (TPIN) from
ZRA for the registration, completion of which will give EZL 95% and
the Government 5% of Star Zinc project, pursuant to the agreement
announced on 13 September 2018.
Licence Tenure
Star Zinc's large-scale exploration licence 19653-HQ-LEL is
valid to 23 August 2021. The transfer of 19653-HQ-LEL from BMR's
subsidiary Enviro Processing Ltd to EZL's subsidiary Enviro
Processing Zambia Ltd EZL) will be initiated.
This announcement contains inside information for the purposes
of Article 7 of Regulation 596/2014.
Technical Sign-Off
Andrew Sarosi, Director of Galileo, who holds a B.Sc. Metallurgy
and M.Sc. Engineering, University of Witwatersrand and is a member
of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, is a "qualified
person" as defined under the AIM Rules for Companies and a
competent person under the reporting standards. The technical parts
of this announcement have been prepared under Andrew's supervision
and he has approved the release of this announcement.
You can also follow Galileo on Twitter: @GalileoResource
For further information, please contact: Galileo Resources
PLC
Colin Bird, Chairman +44 (0) 20 7581 4477
Andrew Sarosi, Executive Director +44 (0) 1752 221937
Beaumont Cornish Limited - Nomad
Roland Cornish/James Biddle +44 (0) 20 7628 3396
---------------------
Novum Securities Limited - Joint Broker
Colin Rowbury /Jon Belliss +44 (0) 20 7399 9400
---------------------
Star Zinc
The Star Zinc project "(Project") is a historical small-scale
open pit mine from where, reportedly, low tonnage, but
high-gradewillemite (a zinc silicate mineral) was extracted
intermittently in the 1950s to 1990s.
The Project is located approximately 18km NNW of Lusaka (see
Figure 3.1 below) and is accessible via the tarred "Great North
Road" and a good all weather graded road, with the journey time
from central Lusaka of approximately 30 minutes (traffic
allowing).
There is adequate power, water, rail & telecommunications,
with the International Airport at Lusaka, less than 45 minutes
away.
The Mines and Minerals Development Act, No 11 of, 2015, which
grants a Large Scale Exploration Licence (LSEL), governs the
mineral tenement. The Act provides for an initial 4 years with a
further two 3-year extensions totalling 10 years, with a mandatory
50% reduction of licence area at the completion of the 1st grant
and 2nd grant periods respectively. The first renewal period
initially expired 13 August 2016 but was extended to 13 August
2018. The LSEL was renewed on 24 August 2018 for a further 3 years.
In the 1960s, geologists of the Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia)
Geological Survey mapped the Project.
At Star Zinc, two main fracture trends are present, one E - W,
and another N - S. Both set of fractures are nearly vertical and
are irregularly mineralised. Willemite generally replaces the host
rock marbles in the form of massive ore bodies, but it occurs also
in veins
In addition, karstic (pertaining to landscape underlain by
limestone which has been eroded by dissolution, producing ridges,
fissures, sinkholes and other characteristic landforms)
mineralisation and red soils (terra rossa) are locally heavily
mineralised with detrital willemite and supergene zinc minerals.
Zinc values measured in soils at Star Zinc reach up to 15,600 ppm
and are accompanied by the pathfinder elements Ag (silver), Pb
(lead), Ba (barium), Sb (antimony) and Cd (cadmium). The karst
infill has a zinc (Zn) content up to 45wt.% Zn, up to 35wt.% Fe and
up to 5g/t Ag.
The mineralogical assemblage of Zn non sulphides includes a
whole number of minerals: the main economic phases present are
Zn-silicates (willemite, hemimorphite, Zn-bearing clays), Zn- Pb
carbonates (smithsonite, cerussite), hydrated Zn- Pb carbonates
(hydrozincite, hydrocerussite) and Zn- Mn- Fe- oxides (zincite,
franklinite, gahnite).
Limited independent metallurgical testwork by others has clearly
shown that the willemite present at Star Zinc is amenable to acid
leaching with positive results for two samples tested. Zinc
leaching efficiencies obtained ranged from 89% and 92%. The
testwork indicated polymerisation of dissolved silica in the
leachate.
In summary, Star Zinc has good potential to become a viable
project.
Note: the information about Star Zinc is sourced primarily from
Competent Person's Report for the Star Zinc Project, Zambia;
Wardell Armstrong, January 2016
Glossary
Detrital loose fragments or grains that have been worn away from rock
DGPS digital global positioning survey
Calcite mineral of calcium carbonate
Dolomite mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate
Dolomitic pertaining to dolomite
Exploration Target An Exploration Target is a statement or
estimate of the exploration potential of a mineral deposit in a
defined geological setting where the statement or estimate, quoted
as a range of tonnes and a range of grade (or quality), relates to
mineralisation for which there has been insufficient exploration to
estimate a Mineral Resource
Floats pieces of rock that have been removed and transported
from their original outcrop
Germanium (Ge) semi metal element commonly used in the
semiconductor industry, wide-angle camera lenses and fibre
optics.
Hematite reddish-black mineral consisting of ferric oxide. It is
an important ore of iron.
ICP-OES/MS inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry/mass spectrometry
JORC The Joint Ore Reserves Committee
JORC 2012 The JORC code 2012 edition. The Australasian Code for
Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore
Reserves sets out minimum standards, recommendations and guidelines
for Public Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and
Ore Reserves
Karst landscape underlain by limestone (calcium carbonate),
which has been eroded by dissolution, producing ridges, fissures
and so on
Karstic pertaining to karst
Kriging a method of spatial interpolation that originated in the
field of mining geology - named after South African mining engineer
Danie Krige
Leaching chemical process of solubilising metals in rock into solution
ppm parts per million
XRF Spectrometer analytical instrument for determining
approximate chemical composition using x-ray fluorescence
spectrometry
Supergene pertaining to processes or enrichment that occurs
relatively near surface
Willemite zinc silicate ore mineral
Annex 1 - JORC 2012 Table 1
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Sampling
techniques * Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut channels, * The Exploration Results reported in this announcement
random chips, or specific specialised industry come from 3 diamond-cored (DD) (SZDD038, 039 & 040)
standard measurement tools appropriate to the holes totaling 164.3 m out of a total deposit drilled
minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma 52 DD holes totaling 2220.8 m of drilling.
sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These Exploration was managed by GeoQuest Ltd of Lusaka,
examples should not be taken as limiting the broad Zambia on behalf of Galileo Resources PLC. DD
meaning of sampling. sampling was selective, undertaken typically on 1 m
quarter core obtained from PQ and HQ drilling,
honoring lithological and mineralisation boundaries.
Minimum and maximum sample lengths varied from 0.47 -
1.30 m for the Exploration Result holes and 0.30 -
* Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample 1.50 m for all holes drilled. Typical sample weights
representivity and the appropriate calibration of any of 1.5 to 3kg were obtained per sample.
measurement tools or systems used.
* Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that * Measures were in place to prevent sampling errors and
are Material to the Public Report. ensuring correct metre delineation by the drilling
company.
* In cases where 'industry standard' work has been done
this would be relatively simple (eg 'reverse * Hand held portable XRF measurements were used as an
circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples aid in the selection of intervals for assaying and to
from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g assist in programme planning. These results will not
charge for fire assay'). In other cases more be used for resource estimation.
explanation may be required, such as where there is
coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems.
Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (eg All samples were analysed by Intertek Genalysis in Perth,
submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed Australia
information. Sample preparation was completed by Intertek Genalysis
dedicated sample preparation facility
in Kitwe, Zambia. All samples were dried, crushed to 2 mm,
with pulverization upto 1.2 kg.
Method code SP12 & SP67. A subset of pulversied material is
dispatched via air freight to
Perth, Australia to the analytical laboratory.
For analysis, all samples were analysed for Zn, Ge, V and
Ag. Zinc is determined by sodium
peroxide fusion (Zirconia crucibles) with ICP-OES
determination. Germanium is similarly analysed,
though using ICP-MS. Silver and Vanadium are determined via
a four acid digest with ICP-MS.
Method codes are FP1/MS, FP1/OES & 4AO/OE
Drilling
techniques * Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole * All holes are DD, collared to typically 9-15 m using
hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) PQ (122.6mm diameter), with HQ (96 mm) to the end of
and details (eg core diameter, triple or standard hole.
tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or
other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by
what method, etc). * Holes are typically inclined ranging from -50 to -90
degrees with a variety of azimuths due to site access
conditions. As such, geological and mineralisation
intersections were not necessarily perpendicular.
* Inclined holes were orientated (HQ size only) using a
REFLEX ACT II RD Rapid Decent Core Orientation Tool
at the end of each run (3 m)
Drill sample
recovery * Method of recording and assessing core and chip * DD core recovery was assessed through the routine
sample recoveries and results assessed. collection of basic geotechnical parameters (recovery
etc) to assess core length drilled v core length
recovered on a run basis. For the 3 holes in this
announcement, total core recovery for each hole
* Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure ranges from 92-96%, with recovery in mineralised
representative nature of the samples. zones ranging from 96-100%.
* Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery * Cavity zones are logged accordingly, mineralised
and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred material within cavity zones is sampled independently
due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse of surrounding material. Zones of cavity infill are
material. documented in the announcement in relation to
mineralised intervals.
* The available information suggests that the there is
no systematic bias due to sample loss.
Logging
* Whether core and chip samples have been geologically * DD core was logged for multiple attributes at the
and geotechnically logged to a level of detail to exploration camp and reviewed against surrounding DD
support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, holes for conformity purposes. Lithological,
mining studies and metallurgical studies. structural, alteration, mineralisation styles and
geotechnical parameters were collected for every
hole. Downhole data is plotted on section & plan and
viewed in a 3D environment to assess the validity and
continuity of logged geological attributes.
* Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in
nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc) photography.
* DD core was photographed on a tray by tray basis,
both wet and dry for whole core.
* The total length and percentage of the relevant * Geological logging is qualitative in nature and in
intersections logged. sufficient detail to support exploration activities
and appropriate Mineral Resource estimation.
* All recovered material was logged.
Sub-sampling
techniques * If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, * Core was cut using a core saw, with quarter core
and sample half or all core taken. submitted for laboratory analysis. The remaining 3/4
preparation core is retained in the trays for library purposes.
Approximately 3 m either side of the zone of interest
were also submitted for analysis.
* If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary
split, etc and whether sampled wet or dry.
* N/A
* For all sample types, the nature, quality and
appropriateness of the sample preparation technique. * Coarse blanks were inserted into the sample stream at
a frequency of 2.5% to assess any cross contamination
at the laboratory. No issues are reported pertaining
* Quality control procedures adopted for all to the holes detailed in this announcement with
sub-sampling stages to maximise representivity of Exploration Results.
samples.
* Sample preparation techniques were completed by a
* Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is commercial laboratory, though laboratory preparation
representative of the in situ material collected, processes have not been audited or reviewed and that
including for instance results for field full implementation of laboratory standard operating
duplicate/second-half sampling. procedures has not been verified.
* No core field duplicates / second-half sampling has
been completed to date. No pulp duplicates have been
completed to date.
* Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain
size of the material being sampled.
* Field duplicate analysis suggest sample size is
appropriate.
Quality of
assay data * The nature, quality and appropriateness of the * All samples were analysed by Intertek Genalysis in
and assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether Perth, Australia
laboratory the technique is considered partial or total.
tests
* For analysis, all samples were analysed for Zn, Ge, V
and Ag. Zinc is determined by sodium peroxide fusion
(Zirconia crucibles) with ICP-OES determination.
Germanium is similarly analysed, though using ICP-MS.
Silver and Zinc are determined via a four acid digest
* For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF with ICP-MS. The techniques are considered total.
instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining Discussion with the laboratory prior to contract
the analysis including instrument make and model, award as well as external expert 3(rd) party input
reading times, calibrations factors applied and their were used to ensure the correct analytical technique
derivation, etc. for zinc was selected which could accommodate grades
upto 50% Zn with consideration to the style and
nature of mineralisation.
* Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg
standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory
checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (ie * Hand held portable XRF measurements were used as an
lack of bias) and precision have been established. aid in the selection of intervals for assaying and to
assist in programme planning. These results will not
be used for resource estimation.
* Quality control procedures include certified
reference material with grades relevant to the grade
of mineralisation, certified barren material and
coarse blanks. No pulp duplicates or umpire
determinations have been completed to date. Quality
control material is inserted at a frequency of 5%.
* Regarding the holes in this announcement with
Exploration Results, acceptable levels of accuracy
and precision are observed with reference to internal
error bars of 3 standard deviations and/or 5% error
gates from the certified value.
No external checks have been completed at this stage.
Verification
of sampling * The verification of significant intersections by * Addison Mining Services have independently verified
and assaying either independent or alternative company personnel. the significant intersections reported for the 3
holes with Exploration Results.
* The use of twinned holes.
* No twin holes have been drilled.
* Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures,
data verification, data storage (physical and * Sample intervals, collar parameters and geological
electronic) protocols. logs are recorded onto logging sheets where
appropriate and entered into computers. Such logs are
verified in Micromine software before being loaded
into a relational Access database, with received
laboratory assay files.
* Database and geological staff validate database
entries with reference to the original data.
* Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
* Data verification includes comparing analytical
results with downhole geology, reviewing assay
results from surrounding holes, checks for internal
consistency, checks on collar positions and downhole
survey details as well as checks on geological
entries. No significant discrepancies are noted.
Physical data is stored securely, whilst digital data
is stored in a relational Access database, suitably
backed up.
* No adjustments have been made to the assay data
pertaining to the 3 holes reported in this
announcement.
Location of
data points * Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill * 100% of DD holes have been surveyed using a hand held
holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine GPS unit. A survey of drill hole collars using a
workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource differential GPS has not yet been undertaken. A
estimation. historically mined pit, although previously surveyed;
for which the survey parameters are unknown and is
yet to be re-surveyed using a differential GPS
system. Downhole surveys were completed for all holes
at 20 m intervals, though as the majority of holes
are short (
* Specification of the grid system used.
* All surveying was undertaken in UTM Zone 35 South ARC
1950 map datum.
* Quality and adequacy of topographic control.
* Topographic control is by a hand held GPS unit
through the surveying of drilled drill holes. No
topographic survey has been completed with a
differential GPS system.
Data spacing
and * Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. * Surface drill hole spacing varies from 30m to 100 m
distribution for completed DD. Downhole surveys were completed for
all holes at 20 m intervals, though as the majority
of holes are short (
* Whether the data spacing and distribution is
sufficient to establish the degree of geological and * The data spacing has established geological
grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource continuity sufficient for a mineral resource estimate,
and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and subject to a Competent Persons review of all data and
classifications applied. collection methodologies.
* Whether sample compositing has been applied.
* No sample compositing was completed.
Orientation
of data in * Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased * The underlying geology is broadly shallowly dipping
relation to sampling of possible structures and the extent to to the west and east, the mineralised package
geological which this is known, considering the deposit type. demonstrating a similar trend. Drilling predominately
structure has been targeting across strike, with drill holes
inclined from -90 to -50 degrees at a variety of
azimuths due to site access constraints; the 3 holes
in this announcement at -55 degrees. Due to the
variability of the mineralisation and site access
* If the relationship between the drilling orientation issues, not all holes intersected mineralisation /
and the orientation of key mineralised structures is structures perpendicular to the drill hole, typically
considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this resulting in longer than 'true-width' intersections.
should be assessed and reported if material.
* At this stage, this has not yet been fully assessed,
but will be critically evaluated during a forthcoming
Mineral Resource estimate.
Sample
security * The measures taken to ensure sample security. * All sampling was managed by GeoQuest Ltd. Samples for
assaying were collected and checked and placed in
heavy duty polyweave sacks which were sealed. The
bagged samples were then transported by a GeoQuest
Ltd vehicle with employee directly from Lusaka to
Intertek Genalysis in Kitwe. No third parties were
permitted unsupervised access to the samples before
delivery to the laboratory. Confirmation was received
from the laboratory on receipt. The Chain of Custody
is considered unbroken.
Audits or
reviews * The results of any audits or reviews of sampling * No external audits have been completed.
techniques and data.
* Data reviews and validations have been completed
internally. Quality control data is reviewed and
where issues present, the laboratory asked to
comment. Internal reviews of sampling techniques have
been completed, including the observation of drilling
and sampling techniques. No significant issues have
been identified.
============= =============================================================== ================================================================
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this
section.)
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral
tenement and * Type, reference name/number, location and ownership * The Star Zinc deposit lies within valid exploration
land tenure including agreements or material issues with third licence 19653-HQ-LEL. The licence was renewed for a
status parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, further 3 years in August 2018.The licence is 80.75%
overriding royalties, native title interests, owned by Galileo Resources Plc, though the licence
historical sites, wilderness or national park and remains in the name of Enviro Processing Ltd.
environmental settings.
* Permissions to operate as required in the area have
* The security of the tenure held at the time of been obtained. Dialogue continues with regard to
reporting along with any known impediments to surface rights owners.
obtaining a licence to operate in the area.
Exploration
done by other * Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other * Initial exploration activities were completed in the
parties parties. 1960's at the Star Zinc deposit by Chartered
Exploration (Anglo American) which concluded with the
drilling of upwards of 59 vertical diamond holes on a
50m x 50m pattern. The data has proven to be a useful
guide to aid in exploration activities, but
significant constraints on the data preclude its use
in estimation.
* Avmin Development Zambia Ltd (Teal) completed
geological mapping, soil sampling, rock chip sampling
,
ground gravity and targeting exercises over Star Zinc
in 2003, but due to a historical tenure issue at the
time, pulled out without completing any drilling
activities.
Geology
* Deposit type, geological setting and style of * The Star Zinc deposit can be referred to as a High
mineralisation. Grade Structurally Controlled Willemite Deposit, the
bulk of the deposit represented as hypogene willemite
mineralisation, with relatively minor supergene
mineralisation.
* The local geology of Star Zinc is complex and forms a
varied sequence of argillite, limestone, massive
willemite ore, massive limestone and dolomites (Cheta
and Lusaka Formations). The stratigraphic succession
in the Star Zinc pit consists of limestone overlain
by metamorphosed slaty limestone, by coarse marbles
and overlain by hematite rich dolomite. A broad dome
(west-east) is the main feature structurally of Star
Zinc.
* Mineralization is present as replacement high grade
lenses or bands of willemite (franklinite and
gahnite) with lower grade lenses of hematite and
willemite. Steeply dipping willemite veins /
fractures have been mapped throughout the pit, either
east-west dipping south, or sub-vertical north-south.
Mineralisation is irregular, in parts tabular,
anastomosing, replacement, dilatational at the
intersection of possible structures and in
calicite-hematite-willemite veins and associated with
more brecciated zones.
* Karst fill deposits and saprolitic / pisolithic soil
are locally highly mineralized with grades up to 20 %
,
principally to the south of the pit, untested and not
evaluated by historical drilling.
Drill hole * Provided in the announcement.
Information * A summary of all information material to the
understanding of the exploration results including a
tabulation of the following information for all
Material drill holes:
o easting and northing of the drill hole collar
o elevation or RL (Reduced Level - elevation above sea
level in metres) of the drill hole
collar
o dip and azimuth of the hole
o down hole length and interception depth
o hole length.
* If the exclusion of this information is justified on
the basis that the information is not Material and
this exclusion does not detract from the
understanding of the report, the Competent Person
should clearly explain why this is the case.
Data
aggregation * In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging * Drilling data intersections reported in this
methods techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations announcement is nominally reported with a cut-off
(eg cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are grade of 0.4% and 10% zinc with no high grade
usually Material and should be stated. cut-off. A maximum of 3 m of internal waste is
allowed.
* Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths
of high grade results and longer lengths of low grade * Reported results do not include equivalent values.
results, the procedure used for such aggregation
should be stated and some typical examples of such
aggregations should be shown in detail.
* The assumptions used for any reporting of metal
equivalent values should be clearly stated.
Relationship
between * These relationships are particularly important in the * Due to the variability of the mineralisation and site
mineralisation reporting of Exploration Results. access issues, not all holes intersected
widths and mineralisation / structures perpendicular to the
intercept drill hole, resulting in longer than 'true-width'
lengths * If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to intersections. Holes were drilled at a variety of
the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be azimuths, with inclinations ranging from -50 to -90
reported. degrees. Approximate true width is provided in the
announcement.
* If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are
reported, there should be a clear statement to this
effect (eg 'down hole length, true width not known').
Diagrams * Provided in the announcement.
* Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and
tabulations of intercepts should be included for any
significant discovery being reported These should
include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill
hole collar locations and appropriate sectional
views.
Balanced
reporting * Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration * All drill holes are reported here from the analytical
Results is not practicable, representative reporting batch received. Previous results have been previously
of both low and high grades and/or widths should be reported.
practiced to avoid misleading reporting of
Exploration Results.
Other * N/A
substantive * Other exploration data, if meaningful and material,
exploration should be reported including (but not limited to):
data geological observations; geophysical survey results;
geochemical survey results; bulk samples - size and
method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk
density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock
characteristics; potential deleterious or
contaminating substances.
Further work
* The nature and scale of planned further work (eg * Recommendations for future work are presented in the
tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or announcement
large-scale step-out drilling).
* Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible
extensions, including the main geological
interpretations and future drilling areas, provided
this information is not commercially sensitive.
=============== =============================================================== ============================================================
This information is provided by RNS, the news service of the
London Stock Exchange. RNS is approved by the Financial Conduct
Authority to act as a Primary Information Provider in the United
Kingdom. Terms and conditions relating to the use and distribution
of this information may apply. For further information, please
contact rns@lseg.com or visit www.rns.com.
END
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