By Chelsey Dulaney and Daniel Huang 

State Street Corp. disclosed Thursday that it expects to face a public enforcement action from the Federal Reserve and Massachusetts Division of Banks over deficiencies in its compliance programs.

The Boston-based bank said it expects it will be required by a written agreement to improve its compliance procedures after deficiencies were found related to the Bank Secrecy Act, anti-money-laundering regulations and U.S. economic sanctions regulations. Shares edged down 0.4%, to close at $77.72.

In a regulatory filing, the company said it also expects it will be required to retain an independent firm to review account and transaction data over a prior three-month period for suspicious activity.

The company warned that if deficiencies are identified, it may face fines or other regulatory sanctions. Some analysts believe that the hire of an independent consultant will mean State Street will have clarity on the possibility of additional charges soon.

State Street couldn't be immediately reached for comment.

"This is another regulatory/legal overhang that the company must negotiate," said KBW Inc. analyst Brian Kleinhanzl in a note.

While Mr. Kleinhanzl said any spending related to the enforcement action should only have a minimal impact on earnings, he noted that the bank also moved to issue preferred stock Thursday, earlier than some analysts expected, which may reduce projected 2015 earnings.

State Street's results have been weighed by higher regulatory and compliance costs recently. Meanwhile, the bank has been adding to its legal reserves for currency-related claims.

Last month, State Street said it added a $150 million charge to its legal reserves for resolving outstanding claims related to foreign-exchange activities.

Write to Chelsey Dulaney at Chelsey.Dulaney@wsj.com and Daniel Huang at dan.huang@wsj.com

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