Filed
Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration
No. 333-237975
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT
(To
Prospectus dated May 8, 2020)
Up
to $25,000,000
Common
Shares
We
have entered into a Controlled Equity OfferingSM Sales Agreement, or sales agreement, with Cantor Fitzgerald &
Co., or Cantor Fitzgerald, relating to our common shares offered by this prospectus supplement. In accordance with the terms of
the sales agreement, we may offer and sell our common shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $25,000,000 from time
to time through Cantor Fitzgerald acting as sales agent pursuant to this prospectus supplement.
Our
common shares are listed on the NYSE American and on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange under the symbol “LCTX.” On March
4, 2021, the last reported sale price of our common shares on the NYSE American was $1.86 per share.
Sales
of our common shares, if any, under this prospectus supplement may be made in sales deemed to be an “at the market offering”
as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. Cantor Fitzgerald
is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of securities, but will act as a sales agent using commercially reasonable
efforts to sell on our behalf all of the common shares requested to be sold by us, consistent with its normal trading and sales
practices, on mutually agreed terms between Cantor Fitzgerald and us. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in any
escrow, trust or similar arrangement.
Cantor
Fitzgerald will be entitled to compensation at a commission rate of 3.0% of the gross sales price per share sold. In connection
with the sale of the common shares on our behalf, Cantor Fitzgerald will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the
meaning of the Securities Act and the compensation of Cantor Fitzgerald will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts.
Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the
heading “Risk Factors” on page S-4 of this prospectus supplement and under similar headings in the other documents
that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or
determined if this prospectus supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The
date of this prospectus supplement is March 5, 2021
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Prospectus
Supplement
Prospectus
ABOUT
THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus relate to part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we have filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this
shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in our base prospectus included in the shelf
registration statement in one or more offerings up to a total aggregate offering price of $75,000,000. The $25,000,000 of common
shares that may be offered, issued and sold under this prospectus supplement is included in the $75,000,000 of securities that
may be offered, issued and sold by us pursuant to our shelf registration statement. For the avoidance of doubt, the $25,000,000
of common shares that may be offered, issued and sold under this prospectus supplement is separate from the $25,000,000 of common
shares offered pursuant to the sales agreement prospectus included within our shelf registration statement on Form S-3. As
of March 5, 2021, we have sold all $25 million of common shares under the sales agreement prospectus.
This
document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the terms of this offering of common shares
and also adds to, updates and changes information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference.
The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which gives more general information. Generally, when we refer to this prospectus,
we are referring to both parts of this document combined. To the extent the information contained in this prospectus supplement
differs from or conflicts with the information contained in the accompanying prospectus or any document incorporated by reference
having an earlier date, the information in this prospectus supplement will control. If any statement in one of these documents
is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date—for example, a document incorporated by reference
into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus—the statement in the document having the later date modifies
or supersedes the earlier statement.
We
have not, and the sales agent has not, authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that which is contained
in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and in any free writing prospectus
that we may authorize for use in connection with this offering. No one is making offers to sell or seeking offers to buy these
securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information contained in this
prospectus supplement is accurate as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus supplement only and that any information
we have incorporated by reference or included in the accompanying prospectus is accurate only as of the date given in the document
incorporated by reference or as of the date of the prospectus, as applicable, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus
supplement, the accompanying prospectus, any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of our common stock. Our business, financial
condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
We
further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any
document that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus were made solely for
the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to
such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations,
warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants
should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This
following summary highlights information about us, this offering and selected information contained elsewhere in or incorporated
by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain
all of the information that you should consider before deciding whether to invest in our common shares. For a more complete understanding
of our company and this offering, we encourage you to read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus
supplement, including the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, and the information included in
any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, including the information under
the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement on page S-4 and in the documents incorporated by reference
into this prospectus supplement.
Unless
the context indicates otherwise, references in this prospectus supplement to “Lineage,” “we,” “us,”
“our” and similar references refer to Lineage Cell Therapeutics, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Overview
We
are a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing novel cell therapies for unmet medical needs. Our focus is to develop therapies
for degenerative retinal diseases, neurological conditions associated with demyelination, and aiding the body in detecting and
combating cancer. Specifically, Lineage is testing therapies to treat dry age-related macular degeneration, spinal cord injuries,
and non-small cell lung cancer. Our programs are based on our proprietary cell-based therapy platform and associated development
and manufacturing capabilities. From this platform, we develop and manufacture specialized, terminally or functionally differentiated
human cells from established and well-characterized pluripotent cell lines. These differentiated cells are transplanted into a
patient either to replace or support cells that are dysfunctional or absent due to degenerative disease or traumatic injury, or
are administered as a means of helping the body mount an effective immune response to cancer.
Product
Candidates & Other Programs
We
have three allogeneic, or “off-the-shelf,” cell therapy programs in clinical development:
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OpRegen,
a retinal pigment epithelium cell replacement therapy currently in a Phase 1/2a multicenter clinical trial for the treatment
of advanced dry age-related macular degeneration (“AMD”) with geographic atrophy. There currently are no therapies
approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) for dry AMD, which accounts for approximately 85-90%
of all AMD cases and is a leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 60.
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OPC1,
an oligodendrocyte progenitor cell therapy currently in the long-term follow-up portion of a Phase 1/2a multicenter clinical
trial for acute spinal cord injuries. This clinical trial has been partially funded by the California Institute for Regenerative
Medicine.
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VAC2,
an allogeneic cancer immunotherapy of antigen-presenting dendritic cells currently in a Phase 1 clinical trial in non-small
cell lung cancer. This clinical trial is being funded and conducted by Cancer Research UK, the world’s largest independent
cancer research charity.
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In
addition to seeking to create value for shareholders by developing product candidates and other technologies through our clinical
development programs, we also seek to create value from our technologies through partnering and strategic transactions. We founded
two companies that later became publicly traded companies: OncoCyte Corporation and AgeX Therapeutics, Inc (“AgeX”).
We no longer hold any common stock in AgeX.
Though
our principal focus is on advancing our three cell therapy programs currently in clinical development, we may seek to create additional
value through corporate transactions, as we have in the past, or by initiating new programs using our protocols with new protocols
and cell lines.
Corporate
Information
We
are incorporated in the State of California. Our common shares trade on the NYSE American and the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange under
the symbol “LCTX.” Our principal executive offices are at 2173 Salk Avenue, Suite 200, Carlsbad, CA 92008, and our
phone number at that address is (442) 287-8990. Our website address is www.lineagecell.com. The information on, or that can be
accessed through our website is not part of this prospectus supplement.
All
brand names or trademarks appearing in this prospectus supplement are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience,
the trademarks and trade names in this prospectus supplement are referred to without the symbols ® and TM, but such references
should not be construed as any indication that their respective owners will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable
law, their rights thereto.
The
Offering
Common
Shares Offered by Us
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Common
shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $25,000,000.
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Plan
of Distribution
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“At
the market offering” that may be made from time to time through our sales agent, Cantor Fitzgerald. See “Plan
of Distribution.”
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Use
of Proceeds
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We
currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and general corporate purposes, including
research and development expenses and capital expenditures. See “Use of Proceeds.”
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Risk
Factors
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Investing
in our common shares involves significant risks. See the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus supplement,
and under similar headings in other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
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NYSE
American symbol
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“LCTX”
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RISK
FACTORS
Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the risks
and uncertainties described below and under the section titled “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on
Form 10-K, as updated by our subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and other reports and documents that are incorporated by
reference into this prospectus supplement, before deciding whether to purchase any of our common shares in this offering. Each
of the risk factors could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, as well as
adversely affect the value of an investment in our common shares, and the occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to
lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may
also significantly impair our business operations. Please also read carefully the section below titled “Special Note Regarding
Forward-Looking Statements.”
Additional
Risks Related to This Offering
Our
management might apply the net proceeds from this offering in ways with which you do not agree and in ways that may impair the
value of your investment.
Because
we have not designated the amount of net proceeds from this offering to be used for any particular purpose, our management will
have broad discretion as to the application of the net proceeds from this offering and could use them for purposes other than
those contemplated at the time of the offering. Our management might apply these proceeds in ways with which you do not agree,
or in ways that do not improve our financial condition or market value, which could compromise our ability to pursue our growth
strategy and adversely affect the market price of our common shares.
You
may experience immediate and substantial dilution.
The
offering price per share in this offering may exceed the net tangible book value per common share outstanding prior to this offering.
Assuming that an aggregate of 13,440,860 of our common shares are sold at a price of $1.86 per share, the last reported
sale price of our common shares on the NYSE American on March 4, 2021, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $25,000,000,
and after deducting commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, you would experience immediate dilution of $1.52
per share, representing the difference between our as adjusted net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2020
after giving effect to this offering and the assumed offering price. The exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants, and
the vesting and settlement of outstanding restricted stock units, would result in further dilution of your investment. See the
section titled “Dilution” below for a more detailed illustration of the dilution you would incur if you participate
in this offering. Because the sales of the common shares offered hereby will be made directly into the market or in negotiated
transactions, the prices at which we sell these shares will vary and these variations may be significant. Purchasers of the shares
we sell, as well as our existing shareholders, will experience significant dilution if we sell shares at prices significantly
below the price at which they invested.
You
may experience future dilution as a result of future equity offerings.
To
raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional common shares or other securities convertible into or exchangeable
for common shares at prices that may not be the same as the price per share in this offering. We may sell shares or other securities
in any other offering at a price per share that is less than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors
purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing shareholders. The price per share at
which we sell additional common shares, or securities convertible or exchangeable into common shares, in future transactions may
be higher or lower than the price per share paid by investors in this offering.
We
do not intend to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
We
have never paid cash dividends on our common shares and currently do not plan to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
SPECIAL
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This
prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference,
contain forward-looking statements. These statements are based on our management’s current beliefs, expectations and assumptions
about future events, conditions and results and on information currently available to us. Discussions containing these forward-looking
statements may be found, among other places, in the sections titled “Business,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” incorporated by reference from our most recent
Annual Report on Form 10-K and our most recent subsequent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto, filed
with the SEC.
In
some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,”
“believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “due,”
“estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,”
“plan,” “predict,” “positioned,” “potential,” “seek,” “should,”
“target,” “will,” “would” or the negative or plural of those terms, and similar expressions
intended to identify statements about the future, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. These forward-looking
statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity,
performance or achievements to be materially different from the information expressed or implied by these statements.
Any
statements in this prospectus supplement, or incorporated herein by reference, about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives,
assumptions or future events or performance are not historical facts and are forward-looking statements. Within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) these forward-looking statements include statements regarding:
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our
plans to research, develop and commercialize our product candidates;
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the
initiation, progress, success, cost and timing of our clinical trials and product development activities;
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the
therapeutic potential of our product candidates, and the disease indications for which we intend to develop our product candidates;
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our
ability and timing to advance our product candidates into, and to successfully initiate, conduct, enroll and complete, clinical
trials;
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our
ability to manufacture our product candidates for clinical development and, if approved, for commercialization, and the timing
and costs of such manufacture;
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the
performance of third parties in connection with the development and manufacture of our product candidates, including third
parties conducting our clinical trials as well as third-party suppliers and manufacturers;
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the
potential of our cell therapy platform, and our plans to apply our platform to research, develop and commercialize our product
candidates;
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our
ability to obtain funding for our operations, including funding necessary to initiate and complete clinical trials of our
product candidates;
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the
size and growth of the potential markets for our product candidates and our ability to serve those markets;
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the
potential scope and value of our intellectual property rights;
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our
ability, and the ability of our licensors, to obtain, maintain, defend and enforce intellectual property rights protecting
our product candidates, and our ability to develop and commercialize our product candidates without infringing the proprietary
rights of third parties;
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our
ability to recruit and retain key personnel;
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the
potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations;
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our
expected use of proceeds from this offering; and
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other
risks and uncertainties, including those described in the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus supplement.
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You
should refer to the “Risk Factors” section contained in this prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus
we authorize for use in connection with this offering, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated
by reference into this prospectus supplement, for a discussion of important factors that may cause our actual results to differ
materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. Given these risks, uncertainties and other factors,
many of which are beyond our control, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement will
prove to be accurate, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Furthermore, if our forward-looking
statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking
statements, you should not regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve
our objectives and plans in any specified time frame, or at all.
Except
as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to revise any forward-looking
statements to reflect events or developments occurring after the date of this prospectus supplement, even if new information becomes
available in the future.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
We
may issue and sell common shares having aggregate sales proceeds of up to $25,000,000 from time to time. Because there is no minimum
offering amount required as a condition to close this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions and proceeds
to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. There can be no assurance that we will sell any shares under or fully utilize
the sales agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald as a source of financing.
We
currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and general corporate purposes, including research
and development and capital expenditures. Pending our use of the net proceeds from this offering, we plan to invest the net proceeds
in short-term interest-bearing investment-grade securities, certificates of deposit or government securities.
DILUTION
Our
net tangible book value as of September 30, 2020 was $32.3 million, or $0.216 per share. Net tangible book value per share
is determined by dividing our total tangible assets, less total liabilities, by the number of common shares outstanding as of
September 30, 2020. Dilution with respect to net tangible book value per share represents the difference between the amount per
share paid by purchasers of common shares in this offering and the net tangible book value per common share immediately after
this offering.
After
giving effect to the sale of 13,440,860 common shares in this offering at an assumed offering price of $1.86 per
share, the last reported sale price of our common shares on the NYSE American on March 4, 2021, and after deducting estimated
offering commissions and offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2020 would
have been approximately $56.4 million, or $0.345 per share. This would represent an immediate increase in net tangible
book value of $0.129 per share to existing shareholders and immediate dilution of $1.52 per share to investors purchasing
our common shares in this offering at the assumed public offering price. The following table illustrates this dilution on a per
share basis:
Assumed public offering price per share
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$
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1.86
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Net tangible book value per share of as September 30, 2020
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$
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0.216
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Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering
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$
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0.129
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As adjusted net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2020, after giving effect to this offering
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$
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0.345
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Dilution per share to investors purchasing our common shares in this offering
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$
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1.52
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The
above discussion and table are based on 149,991,454 common shares outstanding as of September 30, 2020 and excludes, as of that
date:
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1,089,900
common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants at a weighted-average exercise price of $6.15 per share;
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16,559,980
common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding
stock options at a weighted-average exercise price of $2.18 per share;
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108,150 common shares reserved for issuance
upon the vesting and settlement of outstanding restricted stock units; and
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7,657,777
common shares reserved for future issuance under our 2012
Equity Incentive Plan (“2012 Plan”), as well as any future increases in the number of common shares reserved for
issuance under the 2012 Plan.
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The
table above assumes for illustrative purposes that an aggregate of 13,440,860 common shares are sold during the term of
the sales agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald at a price of $1.86 per share, the last reported sale price of our common shares
on the NYSE American on March 4, 2021, for aggregate gross proceeds of $25,000,000. The shares subject to the sales agreement
with Cantor Fitzgerald are being sold from time to time at various prices. An increase of $0.20 per share in the price at which
the shares are sold from the assumed public offering price of $1.86 per share shown in the table above, assuming all of
our common shares in the aggregate amount of approximately $25,000,000 during the term of the sales agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald
is sold at that price, would increase our as adjusted net tangible book value per share after the offering to $0.348 per
share and would increase the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $1.71 per
share, after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us. A decrease of $0.20 per share in the
price at which the shares are sold from the assumed public offering price of $1.86 per share shown in the table above,
assuming all of our common shares in the aggregate amount of approximately $25,000,000 during
the term of the sales agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald is sold at that price, would decrease our as adjusted net tangible book
value per share after the offering to $0.342 per share and would decrease the dilution in net tangible book value per share
to new investors in this offering to $1.32 per share, after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses
payable by us. This information is supplied for illustrative purposes only.
To
the extent that outstanding stock options or warrants outstanding as of September 30, 2020 have been or may be exercised, restricted
stock units have or will vest and settle or other shares have or will be issued, investors purchasing our common shares in this
offering may experience further dilution. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic
considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that additional
capital is raised through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in
further dilution to our shareholders.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
We
have entered into a sales agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald. Pursuant to the sales agreement, in this offering we may issue
and sell common shares having an aggregate gross sales price of up to $25,000,000 from time to time through Cantor Fitzgerald
acting as sales agent. The sales agreement has been filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form S-3 of which this
prospectus supplement is a part.
Following
delivery of a placement notice and subject to the terms and conditions of the sales agreement, Cantor Fitzgerald may offer and
sell our common shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule
415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act. We may instruct Cantor Fitzgerald not to sell common shares if the sales cannot
be effected at or above the price designated by us from time to time. We or Cantor Fitzgerald may suspend the offering of common
shares upon notice and subject to other conditions.
We
will pay Cantor Fitzgerald commissions, in cash, for its services in acting as agent in the sale of our common shares. Cantor
Fitzgerald will be entitled to compensation at a commission rate of 3.0% of the gross sales price per share sold. Because there
is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to close this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions
and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. We have also agreed to reimburse Cantor Fitzgerald for certain
specified fees and documented expenses, including the fees and documented expenses of its legal counsel in an amount not to exceed
$50,000, as provided in the sales agreement. We estimate that the total expenses for the offering, excluding compensation and
reimbursements payable to Cantor Fitzgerald under the terms of the sales agreement, will be approximately $180,000.
Settlement
for sales of common shares will occur on the second trading day following the date on which any sales are made, or on some other
date that is agreed upon by us and Cantor Fitzgerald in connection with a particular transaction, in return for payment of the
net proceeds to us. Sales of our common shares as contemplated in this prospectus supplement will be settled through the facilities
of The Depository Trust Company or by such other means as we and Cantor Fitzgerald may agree upon. There is no arrangement for
funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement. Cantor Fitzgerald will use its commercially reasonable efforts
consistent with its normal trading and sales practices, to solicit offers to purchase the common shares under the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth in the sales agreement. In connection with the sale of the common shares on our behalf, Cantor Fitzgerald
will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act and the compensation of Cantor Fitzgerald
will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to Cantor
Fitzgerald against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
The
offering of our common shares pursuant to the sales agreement will terminate as permitted therein. We and Cantor Fitzgerald may
each terminate the sales agreement at any time upon ten days’ prior notice.
Cantor
Fitzgerald and its affiliates may in the future provide various investment banking, commercial banking and other financial services
for us and our affiliates, for which services they may in the future receive customary fees. To the extent required by Regulation
M, Cantor Fitzgerald will not engage in any market making activities involving our common shares while the offering is ongoing
under this prospectus supplement.
This
prospectus supplement in electronic format may be made available on a website maintained by Cantor Fitzgerald, and Cantor Fitzgerald
may distribute this prospectus supplement electronically.
LEGAL
MATTERS
The
validity of the common shares offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed upon by Cooley LLP, San Diego, California.
Reed Smith LLP, New York, New York, is counsel for Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. in connection with this offering.
EXPERTS
OUM
& Co. LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in
our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2019, as set forth in their reports, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement
and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our consolidated financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on
OUM & Co. LLP’s reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
This
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of a registration statement we filed with the SEC. This prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the
exhibits to the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and the securities we are offering under this
prospectus supplement, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part of the registration
statement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from
that which is contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information
in this prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front page of this prospectus supplement,
regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement or any sale of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement.
We
file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that
contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC,
including us. The address of the SEC website is www.sec.gov.
We
maintain a website at www.lineagecell.com. Information contained in or accessible through our website does not constitute a part
of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference.
INCORPORATION
OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The
SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information that we file with it, which means that we can disclose important
information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this
prospectus supplement. Information in this prospectus supplement supersedes information incorporated by reference that we filed
with the SEC prior to the date of this prospectus supplement, while information that we file later with the SEC will automatically
update and supersede the information in this prospectus supplement. We also incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement
the documents listed below and any future filings made by us with the SEC (other than Current Reports or portions thereof furnished
under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are related to such items and other portions of
documents that are furnished, but not filed, pursuant to applicable rules promulgated by the SEC) that are filed by us with the
SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of this prospectus supplement but prior
to the termination of the offering of the common shares covered by this prospectus supplement:
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our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2020, as amended by
our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A, filed with the SEC on April 28, 2020;
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the
information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019
from our definitive proxy on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on August 7, 2020;
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our
Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2020, June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2020, filed with the
SEC on May 7, 2020, August 6, 2020, and November 4, 2020, respectively;
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our
Current Reports on Form 8-K (other than information furnished rather than filed) filed with the SEC on May 7, 2020, May 21, 2020, September 14, 2020, September 23, 2020, November 12, 2020, November 16, 2020, and January 20, 2021; and
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the
description of our common shares contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A,
filed with SEC on October 26, 2009, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.
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You
may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number: Attn:
Corporate Secretary, 2173 Salk Avenue, Suite 200, Carlsbad, California 92008; telephone: (442) 287-8990.
Any
statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement will be
deemed modified, superseded or replaced for purposes of this prospectus supplement to the extent that a statement contained in
this prospectus supplement modifies, supersedes or replaces such statement.
PROSPECTUS
$75,000,000
Common
Shares
Preferred
Shares
Debt
Securities
Warrants
From
time to time, we may offer up to $75,000,000 of any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more
offerings. We may also offer securities as may be issuable upon conversion, redemption, repurchase, exchange or exercise of any
securities registered hereunder, including any applicable antidilution provisions.
This
prospectus provides a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer securities, we will provide specific
terms of the securities offered in a supplement to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses
to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may
also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable
prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as any documents incorporated by reference, before you
invest in any of the securities being offered.
This
prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of any securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
Our
common shares trade on the NYSE American and the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (“TASE”) under the symbol “LCTX.”
On April 29, 2020, the last reported sale price of our common shares on the NYSE American was $0.8680 per share.
The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to any other listing on the NYSE American,
TASE, or any securities market or other exchange of the securities, if any, covered by the prospectus supplement.
We
will sell these securities directly to investors, through agents designated from time to time or to or through underwriters or
dealers, on a continuous or delayed basis. For additional information on the methods of sale, you should refer to the section
titled “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities
with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered, the names of such agents or underwriters and any applicable fees, commissions,
discounts or over-allotment options will be set forth in a prospectus supplement. The price to the public of such securities and
the net proceeds we expect to receive from such sale will also be set forth in a prospectus supplement.
Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the
heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus,
and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus as described on page
5 of this prospectus.
Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or
determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The
date of this prospectus is May 8, 2020.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Contents
ABOUT
THIS PROSPECTUS
This
prospectus is a part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)
utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the
securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total aggregate offering price of $75,000,000. This prospectus
provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer.
Each
time we sell securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information
about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain
material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may
authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in any documents that
we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. You should read this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement
and any related free writing prospectus, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the
heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” before investing in any of the securities offered.
THIS
PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE USED TO CONSUMMATE A SALE OF SECURITIES UNLESS IT IS ACCOMPANIED BY A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.
Neither
we, nor any agent, underwriter or dealer has authorized any person to give any information or to make any representation other
than those contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free
writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. This prospectus, any applicable supplement
to this prospectus or any related free writing prospectus do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to
buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do this prospectus, any applicable supplement
to this prospectus or any related free writing prospectus constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities
in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction.
You
should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free
writing prospectus is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of such document or that any information
we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference, even
though this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is delivered, or securities
are sold, on a later date.
This
prospectus and the information incorporated herein by reference contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of
the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are
qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will
be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and
you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
The
following summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain
all of the information that you need to consider in making your investment decision. You should carefully read the entire prospectus,
the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, including the risks of investing in our securities
discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free
writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
You should also carefully read the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including our financial statements,
and the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Unless
the context indicates otherwise, references in this prospectus to “Lineage,” “we,” “us,” “our”
and similar references refer to Lineage Cell Therapeutics, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Overview
We
are a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing novel cell therapies for unmet medical needs. Our focus is to develop therapies
for degenerative retinal diseases, neurological conditions associated with demyelination, and aiding the body in detecting and
combating cancer. Our programs are based on our proprietary cell-based therapy platform and associated development and manufacturing
capabilities. From this platform, we develop and manufacture specialized, terminally or partially differentiated human cells from
established and well-characterized pluripotent cell lines. These differentiated cells are developed either to replace or support
cells that are dysfunctional or absent due to degenerative disease or traumatic injury, or are administered as a means of helping
the body mount an effective immune response to cancer.
Product
Candidates & Other Programs
We
have three allogeneic, or “off-the-shelf,” cell therapy programs in clinical development:
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OpRegen,
a retinal pigment epithelium cell replacement therapy currently in a Phase 1/2a multicenter clinical trial for the treatment
of advanced dry age-related macular degeneration (“AMD”) with geographic atrophy. There currently are no therapies
approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) for dry AMD, which accounts for approximately 85-90%
of all AMD cases and is a leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 65.
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OPC1,
an oligodendrocyte progenitor cell therapy for acute spinal cord injuries. We have completed enrollment in a 25-patient Phase
1/2a multicenter clinical trial with OPC1; this trial was partially funded by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine.
There are currently no therapies approved by the FDA.
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VAC2,
a cancer immunotherapy of antigen-presenting dendritic cells currently in a Phase 1 clinical trial in non-small cell lung
cancer. This clinical trial is being funded and conducted by Cancer Research UK, the world’s largest independent cancer
research charity.
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Ownership
in Other Companies
In
addition to seeking to create value for shareholders by developing product candidates and other technologies through our clinical
development programs, we also seek to create value from our technologies through partnering and strategic transactions. We founded
two companies that later became publicly traded companies: OncoCyte Corporation and AgeX Therapeutics, Inc.
Though
our principal focus is on advancing our three cell therapy programs in clinical development, we may seek to create additional
value through corporate transactions, as we have in the past. Our securities holdings also may be a significant source of capital
to fund our operations as an alternative to issuing additional Lineage securities.
Corporate
Information
We
were incorporated in the State of California under the name BioTime, Inc. In August 2019, we changed our name to Lineage Cell
Therapeutics, Inc. Our common shares trade on the NYSE American and the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (“TASE”) under the
symbol “LCTX.” Our principal executive offices are at 2173 Salk Avenue, Suite 200, Carlsbad, California 92008, and
our phone number at that address is (442) 287-8990. Our website address is www.lineagecell.com. The information on, or that can
be accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus.
All
brand names or trademarks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, the
trademarks and trade names in this prospectus are referred to without the symbols ® and TM, but such references should not
be construed as any indication that their respective owners will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, their
rights thereto.
The
Securities We May Offer
We
may offer our common shares and preferred shares, various series of debt securities and warrants to purchase any of such securities,
up to a total aggregate offering price of $75,000,000 from time to time in one or more offerings under this prospectus, together
with any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, at prices and on terms to be determined by
market conditions at the time of the relevant offering. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities
we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement
that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:
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designation
or classification;
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aggregate
principal amount or aggregate offering price;
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maturity;
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original
issue discount;
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rates
and times of payment of interest or dividends;
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redemption,
conversion, exchange or sinking fund terms;
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ranking;
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restrictive
covenants;
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voting
or other rights;
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conversion
or exchange prices or rates and any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the conversion or exchange prices or rates
and in the securities or other property receivable upon conversion or exchange; and
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important
U.S. federal income tax considerations.
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The
prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update
or change information contained in this prospectus or in documents we have incorporated by reference. However, no prospectus supplement
or free writing prospectus will offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of the effectiveness
of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
We
may sell the securities directly to investors or through underwriters, dealers or agents. We, and our underwriters or agents,
reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of securities. If we do offer securities through underwriters
or agents, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:
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the
names of those underwriters or agents;
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applicable
fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;
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details
regarding over-allotment options, if any; and
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the
estimated net proceeds to us.
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This
prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
Common
Shares. We may issue our common shares from time to time. Each holder of common shares is entitled to one vote for each
share on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, and, subject to certain exceptions, does not have cumulative voting
rights. Subject to preferences that may apply to any outstanding preferred shares, holders of our common shares are entitled to
receive ratably any dividends that our board of directors may declare out of funds legally available for that purpose. In the
event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common shares are entitled to share ratably in all assets
remaining after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred shares. Holders of our common
shares have no preemptive, conversion, subscription or other rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable
to our common share. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of our common shares are subject to and may be adversely
affected by the rights of the holders of shares of any series of our preferred shares that we may designate in the future. In
this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of our common shares under the heading “Description of Capital
Stock—Common Shares.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing
prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to any common shares being offered.
Preferred
Shares. We may issue preferred shares from time to time, in one or more series. Under our certificate of incorporation,
our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our shareholders (unless such shareholder action is required
by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange or market on which our securities are then traded), to issue up to 2,000,000
preferred shares in one or more series and to fix the number, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof. These
rights, preferences and privileges could include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation
preferences and sinking fund terms, and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series, any or
all of which may be greater than the rights of common shares. Any convertible preferred shares we may issue will be convertible
into our common shares or exchangeable for our other securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at the holder’s option and
would be at prescribed conversion rates.
If
we sell any series of preferred shares under this prospectus, we will fix the designations, voting powers, preferences and rights
of such series of preferred shares, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, in the certificate of
designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part,
or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes
the terms of the series of preferred shares that we are offering before the issuance of the related series of preferred shares.
In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the preferred shares under the heading “Description of
Capital Stock—Preferred Shares.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free
writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of preferred shares being offered, as well
as the complete certificate of designation that contains the terms of the applicable series of preferred shares.
Debt
Securities. From time to time, we may issue debt securities in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt
or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. The senior debt securities will rank equally with any other unsecured and unsubordinated
debt. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in right of payment, to the extent and in the manner described
in the instrument governing the debt, to all of our senior indebtedness. Convertible debt securities will be convertible into
or exchangeable for our common shares or other securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at the holder’s option and would
be at prescribed conversion rates.
Any
debt securities issued under this prospectus will be issued under one or more documents called indentures, which are contracts
between us and a national banking association or other eligible party, as trustee. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain
general features of the debt securities under the heading “Description of Debt Securities.” We urge you, however,
to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related
to the series of debt securities being offered, as well as the complete indenture(s) and any supplemental indentures that contain
the terms of the debt securities. We have filed a form of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this
prospectus is a part. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or incorporate
by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms
of the debt securities being offered.
Warrants.
We may issue warrants for the purchase of common shares, preferred shares or debt securities, in one or more series, from
time to time. We may issue warrants independently or in combination with common shares, preferred shares or debt securities. In
this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the warrants under the heading “Description of Warrants.”
We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be
provided to you) related to the particular series of warrants being offered, as well as the complete warrant agreements and warrant
certificates that contain the terms of the warrants. We have filed forms of the warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates
containing the terms of the warrants that we may offer as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a
part. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or incorporate by reference from
reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain
the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants.
Any
warrants issued under this prospectus may be evidenced by warrant certificates. Warrants may be issued under a warrant agreement
that we enter into with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent, if applicable, in the prospectus
supplement relating to the particular series of warrants being offered.
RISK
FACTORS
Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the risks and uncertainties described under the
heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus,
and under similar headings in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as updated by our subsequent quarterly reports on Form
10-Q and other reports and documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, before deciding whether to purchase
any of the securities being registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Each of the
risk factors could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, as well as adversely
affect the value of an investment in our securities, and the occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part
of your investment. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also significantly
impair our business operations.
SPECIAL
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This
prospectus, and the documents incorporated in this prospectus by reference, contain forward-looking statements. These statements
are based on our management’s current beliefs, expectations and assumptions about future events, conditions and results
and on information currently available to us. Discussions containing these forward-looking statements may be found, among other
places, in the sections titled “Business,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” incorporated by reference from our most recent Annual Report
on Form 10-K and our most recent subsequent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto, filed with the SEC.
In
some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,”
“believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “due,”
“estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,”
“plan,” “predict,” “positioned,” “potential,” “seek,” “should,”
“target,” “will,” “would” or the negative or plural of those terms, and similar expressions
intended to identify statements about the future, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. These forward-looking
statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity,
performance or achievements to be materially different from the information expressed or implied by these statements.
Any
statements in this prospectus, or incorporated herein by reference, about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions
or future events or performance are not historical facts and are forward-looking statements. Within the meaning of Section 27A
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended (“Exchange Act”) these forward-looking statements include statements regarding:
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our
plans to research, develop and commercialize our product candidates;
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initiation, progress, success, cost and timing of our clinical trials and product development activities;
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the
therapeutic potential of our product candidates, and the disease indications for which we intend to develop our product candidates;
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our
ability and timing to advance our product candidates into, and to successfully initiate, conduct, enroll and complete, clinical
trials;
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our
ability to manufacture our product candidates for clinical development and, if approved, for commercialization, and the timing
and costs of such manufacture;
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the
performance of third parties in connection with the development and manufacture of our product candidates, including third
parties conducting our clinical trials as well as third-party suppliers and manufacturers;
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the
potential of our cell therapy platform, and our plans to apply our platform to research, develop and commercialize our product
candidates;
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our
ability to obtain funding for our operations, including funding necessary to initiate and complete clinical trials of our
product candidates;
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the
size and growth of the potential markets for our product candidates and our ability to serve those markets;
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the
potential scope and value of our intellectual property rights;
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our
ability, and the ability of our licensors, to obtain, maintain, defend and enforce intellectual property rights protecting
our product candidates, and our ability to develop and commercialize our product candidates without infringing the proprietary
rights of third parties;
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our
ability to recruit and retain key personnel;
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the
potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations;
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our
expected use of proceeds from any offering under this prospectus; and
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other
risks and uncertainties, including those described in the “Risk Factors” section of the documents that are incorporated
by reference into this prospectus.
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You
should refer to the “Risk Factors” section contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free
writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus,
for a discussion of important factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by
our forward-looking statements. Given these risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, we cannot
assure you that the forward-looking statements in this prospectus will prove to be accurate, and you should not place undue reliance
on these forward-looking statements. Furthermore, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may
be material. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not regard these statements
as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve our objectives and plans in any specified time
frame, or at all.
Except
as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to revise any forward-looking
statements to reflect events or developments occurring after the date of this prospectus, even if new information becomes available
in the future.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
We
will retain broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby. Except as described
in any applicable prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectuses that we may authorize to be provided to you in connection
with a specific offering, we currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby, if any,
for working capital and general corporate purposes, including research and development expenses and capital expenditures, which
may include costs of funding future acquisitions or for any other purpose we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement.
We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus our intended use for the net proceeds received
from the sale of any securities sold pursuant to the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. Pending the use of net
proceeds, we plan to invest the net proceeds in short-term interest-bearing investment-grade securities, certificates of deposit
or government securities.
DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STOCK
The
following description of our capital stock and certain provisions of: (i) our Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended (as
amended by the Certificate of Ownership, the “Articles”); (ii) our Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”);
and (iii) applicable California law. This description is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with,
the Articles and the Bylaws, each of which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part,
and applicable California law.
Authorized
Capital Stock
We
are authorized to issue an aggregate of 252,000,000 shares of capital stock consisting of 250,000,000 common shares and 2,000,000
preferred shares.
Common
Shares
Voting
Rights
Each
holder of common shares is entitled to one vote for each common share held on every matter properly submitted to the shareholders
for their vote; provided that such holders may have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors if the candidates’
names have been placed in nomination prior to commencement of the voting and the shareholder has given notice prior to commencement
of the voting of the shareholder’s intention to cumulate votes.
Dividend
Rights
Subject
to any preferential rights or preferences of preferred shares outstanding, if any, holders of the common shares are entitled to
any dividend declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose.
Liquidation
Rights
Subject
to any preferential rights or preferences of holders of preferred shares outstanding, if any, holders of the common shares are
entitled to receive on a pro rata basis all of our remaining assets available for distribution to the holders of the common shares
in the event of the liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of our operations.
No
Preemptive or Similar Rights.
Holders
of the common shares do not have any preemptive rights to become subscribers or purchasers of additional shares of any class of
our capital stock. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common shares.
Rights
of Preferred Shares May be Senior to Common Shares.
Any
series of preferred shares authorized by our board of directors may be senior to and have greater rights and preferences than
the common shares and may have restrictions on our repurchase or redemption of shares.
Preferred
Shares
Our
board of directors is authorized, without further action of the shareholders, to issue up to 2,000,000 preferred shares in one
or more series, at any time, and to determine or alter the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to or imposed
upon the preferred shares as a class or upon any wholly unissued series of preferred shares. Our board of directors may increase
or decrease (but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any series of preferred
shares subsequent to the issue of shares of that series.
Our
board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred shares with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect
the voting power or other rights of the holders of common shares. The issuance of preferred shares, while providing flexibility
in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could, among other things, have the effect of delaying,
deferring or preventing a change in our control that may otherwise benefit holders of our common shares and may adversely affect
the market price of our common shares and the voting and other rights of the holders of common shares.
Anti-takeover
Provisions of the Articles, Bylaws and California Law
Provisions
of the Articles and Bylaws may delay or discourage transactions involving an actual or potential change in control of our company
or change in its management, including transactions in which shareholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares,
or transactions that its shareholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests. Among other things, the Articles and
Bylaws:
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provide
that, except for a vacancy caused by the removal of a director by the shareholders or by court order, a vacancy on the board
of directors may be filled by approval of a majority of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining
director;
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provide
that shareholders seeking to present proposals before a meeting of shareholders or to nominate candidates for election as
directors at a meeting of shareholders must provide notice in writing in a timely manner, and also specify requirements as
to the form and content of such notice;
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authorize
the board of directors to issue preferred shares in series and to fix rights and preferences of the series (including, among
other things, whether, and to what extent, the shares of any series will have voting rights and the extent of the preferences
of the shares of any series with respect to dividends and other matters); and
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provide
that, at a meeting of shareholders at which directors are to be elected, no shareholder shall be entitled to cumulate votes
unless the candidates’ names have been placed in nomination prior to commencement of the voting and the shareholder
has given notice prior to commencement of the voting of the shareholder’s intention to cumulate vote.
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In
addition, as a California corporation, we are subject to the provisions of Section 1203 of the California General Corporation
Law, which requires us to provide a fairness opinion to our shareholders in connection with their consideration of any proposed
“interested party” reorganization transaction.
Listing
Our
common shares are listed on the NYSE American and on the TASE under the symbol “LCTX.”
Transfer
Agent and Registrar
The
transfer agent and registrar for our common shares is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC.
DESCRIPTION
OF DEBT SECURITIES
We
may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated
convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any debt securities that we may offer under
this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable
prospectus supplement. The terms of any debt securities offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described
below. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the indenture, we also are referring to any supplemental indentures
that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.
We
will issue the debt securities under the indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the indenture. The indenture
will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (“Trust Indenture Act”). We have filed the form
of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms
of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement
of which this prospectus is a part, or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.
The
following summary of material provisions of the debt securities and the indenture is subject to, and qualified in its entirety
by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read
the applicable prospectus supplements and any related free writing prospectuses related to the debt securities that we may offer
under this prospectus, as well as the complete indenture that contains the terms of the debt securities.
General
The
indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. It provides that we may issue debt securities up to
the principal amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or currency unit that we may designate. Except for the limitations
on consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets contained in the indenture, the terms of the indenture
do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any debt securities protection against changes in
our operations, financial condition or transactions involving us.
We
may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as “discount securities,” which means they may be sold at
a discount below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at
a discount, may be issued with “original issue discount,” (“OID”), for U.S. federal income tax purposes
because of interest payment and other characteristics or terms of the debt securities. Material U.S. federal income tax considerations
applicable to debt securities issued with OID will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.
We
will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:
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the
title of the series of debt securities;
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any
limit upon the aggregate principal amount that may be issued;
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the
maturity date or dates;
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the
form of the debt securities of the series;
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the
applicability of any guarantees;
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whether
or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;
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whether
the debt securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms
of any subordination;
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if
the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which such debt securities will be issued
is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of
acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such debt securities that is
convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;
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the
interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will
begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method
for determining such dates;
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our
right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;
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if
applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, we may,
at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the
terms of those redemption provisions;
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the
date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund
or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt securities
and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;
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the
denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral
multiple thereof;
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any
and all terms, if applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the debt securities of that series and any security
for our obligations with respect to such debt securities and any other terms which may be advisable in connection with the
marketing of debt securities of that series;
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whether
the debt securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global security or securities; the
terms and conditions, if any, upon which such global security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other
individual securities; and the depositary for such global security or securities;
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if
applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of the series and the terms and conditions
upon which such debt securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable,
or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at our option or the holders’ option) conversion
or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange;
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if
other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of debt securities of the series which shall
be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof;
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additions
to or changes in the covenants applicable to the particular debt securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation,
merger or sale covenant;
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additions
to or changes in the events of default with respect to the securities and any change in the right of the trustee or the holders
to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such securities to be due and payable;
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additions
to or changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;
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additions
to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of the indenture;
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additions
to or changes in the provisions relating to the modification of the indenture both with and without the consent of holders
of debt securities issued under the indenture;
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the
currency of payment of debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S.
dollars;
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whether
interest will be payable in cash or additional debt securities at our or the holders’ option and the terms and conditions
upon which the election may be made;
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the
terms and conditions, if any, upon which we will pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any and principal
amounts of the debt securities of the series to any holder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax
purposes;
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any
restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the debt securities of the series; and
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any
other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, any other additions
or changes in the provisions of the indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws
or regulations.
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Conversion
or Exchange Rights
We
will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into
or exchangeable for our common shares or our other securities. We will include provisions as to settlement upon conversion or
exchange and whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions
pursuant to which the number of our common shares or our other securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive
would be subject to adjustment.
Consolidation,
Merger or Sale
Unless
we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indenture will not
contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of our
assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets (other than any subsidiary
of ours) must assume all of our obligations under the indenture or the debt securities, as appropriate.
Events
of Default under the Indenture
Unless
we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events
of default under the indenture with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:
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if
we fail to pay any installment of interest on any series of debt securities, as and when the same shall become due and payable,
and such default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period
by us in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of
interest for this purpose;
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if
we fail to pay the principal of, or premium, if any, on any series of debt securities as and when the same shall become due
and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or
analogous fund established with respect to such series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such
debt securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment
of principal or premium, if any;
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if
we fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in the debt securities or the indenture, other than
a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive
written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such is a notice of default thereunder,
from the trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable
series; and
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if
specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.
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If
an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified
in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt
securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the
unpaid principal of, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately. If an event of default specified
in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, of each issue
of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the trustee or
any holder.
The
holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event
of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal,
premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture. Any waiver
shall cure the default or event of default.
Subject
to the terms of the indenture, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the trustee will be under
no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of
the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a
majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and
place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the
trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:
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the
direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and
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subject
to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability
or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.
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A
holder of the debt securities of any series will have the right to institute a proceeding under the indenture or to appoint a
receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies only if:
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the
holder has given written notice to the trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;
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the
holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written
request;
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such
holders have offered to the trustee indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred
by the trustee in compliance with the request; and
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the
trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount
of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting directions within 90 days after the notice, request and
offer.
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These
limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium,
if any, or interest on, the debt securities.
We
will periodically file statements with the trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the indenture.
Modification
of Indenture; Waiver
We
and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters:
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to
cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture or in the debt securities of any series;
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to
comply with the provisions described above under “Description of Debt Securities—Consolidation, Merger or Sale;”
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to
provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities;
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to
add to our covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for
the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance,
of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default or to surrender
any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture;
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to
add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of
issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth in the indenture;
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to
make any change that does not adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series in any material
respect;
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to
provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided
above under “Description of Debt Securities—General” to establish the form of any certifications required
to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders
of any series of debt securities;
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to
evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment under any indenture by a successor trustee; or
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to
comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.
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In
addition, under the indenture, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the trustee with
the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of
each series that is affected. However, unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series
of debt securities, we and the trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding
debt securities affected:
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extending
the fixed maturity of any debt securities of any series;
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reducing
the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon
the redemption of any series of any debt securities; or
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reducing
the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification
or waiver.
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Discharge
Each
indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities,
except for specified obligations, including obligations to:
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provide
for payment;
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register
the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series;
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replace
stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;
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pay
principal of and premium and interest on any debt securities of the series;
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maintain
paying agencies;
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hold
monies for payment in trust;
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recover
excess money held by the trustee;
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compensate
and indemnify the trustee; and
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appoint
any successor trustee.
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In
order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to
pay all the principal of, any premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.
Form,
Exchange and Transfer
We
will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we provide otherwise in
the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indenture provides that
we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited
with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), or another depositary named by us and identified in the
applicable prospectus supplement with respect to that series. To the extent the debt securities of a series are issued in global
form and as book-entry, a description of terms relating to any book-entry securities will be set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
At
the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities described
in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for
other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.
Subject
to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement,
holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or
with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the
security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the
debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will impose no service charge for any registration of transfer
or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.
We
will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar,
that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation
of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required
to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.
If
we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:
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issue,
register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business
15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and
ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or
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register
the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion
of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.
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Information
Concerning the Trustee
The
trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only
those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the trustee
must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to
this provision, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indenture at the request of any
holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that
it might incur.
Payment
and Paying Agents
Unless
we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on
any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered
at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.
We
will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents
designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments
by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable
prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the trustee as our sole paying agent for payments with
respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we
initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for
the debt securities of a particular series.
All
money we pay to a paying agent or the trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities
that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid
to us, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.
Governing
Law
The
indenture and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York,
except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.
DESCRIPTION
OF WARRANTS
The
following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplement and in
any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be distributed to you, summarizes the material terms and provisions
of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, which may consist of warrants to purchase common shares, preferred shares
or debt securities and may be issued in one or more series. Warrants may be offered independently or in combination with common
shares, preferred shares or debt securities offered by any prospectus supplement. While the terms we have summarized below will
apply generally to any warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of
warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The following description of warrants will apply to the warrants
offered by this prospectus unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement
for a particular series of warrants may specify different or additional terms.
We
have filed forms of the warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates listing the terms of the warrants that may be offered
as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement
of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant
or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the particular series of warrants we
are offering, as well as any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants. The following summaries of material
terms and provisions of the warrants are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the
form of warrant or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements applicable to
a particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement
related to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectus,
and the complete form of warrant or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements,
that list the terms of the warrants.
General
In
the applicable prospectus supplement, we will describe the terms of the series of warrants being offered, including, to the extent
applicable:
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the
offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;
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the
currency for which the warrants may be purchased;
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the
designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such
security or each principal amount of such security;
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in
the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable on exercise of one warrant
and the price at, and currency in which, this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased on such exercise;
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in
the case of warrants to purchase common shares or preferred shares, the number of common shares or preferred shares, as the
case may be, purchasable on the exercise of one warrant and the price at which these shares may be purchased on such exercise;
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the
effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreements and the warrants;
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the
terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;
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any
provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable on exercise of the warrants;
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the
dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;
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the
manner in which the warrant agreements and warrants may be modified;
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a
discussion of material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations of holding or exercising the warrants;
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the
terms of the securities issuable on exercise of the warrants; and
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any
other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.
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Before
exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable on such
exercise, including:
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in
the case of warrants to purchase common shares or preferred shares, the right to receive dividends, if any, or payments on
our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any; or
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in
the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the right to receive payments of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest
on, the debt securities purchasable on exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture.
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Exercise
of Warrants
Each
warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable prospectus supplement at the exercise
price that we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. The warrants may be exercised as listed in the prospectus supplement
relating to the warrants offered. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, warrants may be exercised
at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we list in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close
of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.
On
receipt of payment and the warrant or warrant certificate, as applicable, properly completed and duly executed at the corporate
trust office of the warrant agent, if any, or any other office, including ours, indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will,
as soon as practicable, issue and deliver the securities purchasable on such exercise. If less than all of the warrants (or the
warrants represented by such warrant certificate) are exercised, a new warrant or a new warrant certificate, as applicable, will
be issued for the remaining warrants.
Governing
Law
Unless
we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the warrants and warrant agreements will be governed by and construed
in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
Enforceability
of Rights by Holders of Warrants
Each
warrant agent, if any, will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation
or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for
more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable
warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make
any demand on us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant,
enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable on exercise of, its warrants.
LEGAL
OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES
We
can issue securities in registered form or in the form of one or more global securities. We describe global securities in greater
detail below. We refer to those persons who have securities registered in their own names on the books that we or any applicable
trustee or depositary maintain for this purpose as the “holders” of those securities. These persons are the legal
holders of the securities. We refer to those persons who, indirectly through others, own beneficial interests in securities that
are not registered in their own names, as “indirect holders” of those securities. As we discuss below, indirect holders
are not legal holders, and investors in securities issued in book-entry form or in street name will be indirect holders.
Book-Entry
Holders
We
may issue securities in book-entry form only, as we will specify in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means securities
may be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a financial institution that holds them as depositary
on behalf of other financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions,
which are referred to as participants, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the securities on behalf of themselves or their customers.
Only
the person in whose name a security is registered is recognized as the holder of that security. Global securities will be registered
in the name of the depositary or its participants. Consequently, for global securities, we will recognize only the depositary
as the holder of the securities, and we will make all payments on the securities to the depositary. The depositary passes along
the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial
owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they
are not obligated to do so under the terms of the securities.
As
a result, investors in a global security will not own securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global
security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system
or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the securities are issued in global form, investors will be indirect holders,
and not legal holders, of the securities.
Street
Name Holders
We
may terminate a global security or issue securities that are not issued in global form. In these cases, investors may choose to
hold their securities in their own names or in “street name.” Securities held by an investor in street name would
be registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution that the investor chooses, and the investor would hold
only a beneficial interest in those securities through an account he or she maintains at that institution.
For
securities held in street name, we or any applicable trustee or depositary will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers
and other financial institutions in whose names the securities are registered as the holders of those securities, and we or any
such trustee or depositary will make all payments on those securities to them. These institutions pass along the payments they
receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or
because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold securities in street name will be indirect holders, not holders,
of those securities.
Legal
Holders
Our
obligations, as well as the obligations of any applicable trustee or third party employed by us or a trustee, run only to the
legal holders of the securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in
street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a security
or has no choice because we are issuing the securities only in global form.
For
example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even
if that holder is required, under agreements with its participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders
but does not do so. Similarly, we may want to obtain the approval of the holders to amend an indenture, to relieve us of the consequences
of a default or of our obligation to comply with a particular provision of an indenture, or for other purposes. In such an event,
we would seek approval only from the holders, and not the indirect holders, of the securities. Whether and how the legal holders
contact the indirect holders is up to the legal holders.
Special
Considerations for Indirect Holders
If
you hold securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form because the securities are
represented by one or more global securities or in street name, you should check with your own institution to find out:
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how
it handles securities payments and notices;
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whether
it imposes fees or charges;
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how
it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;
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whether
and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted
in the future;
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how
it would exercise rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act
to protect their interests; and
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if
the securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.
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Global
Securities
A
global security is a security that represents one or any other number of individual securities held by a depositary. Generally,
all securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.
Each
security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we issue to, deposit with and register in the
name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called
the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the DTC, New York, New York, will be the
depositary for all securities issued in book-entry form.
A
global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary, its nominee or a successor
depositary, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under “—Special Situations
When a Global Security Will Be Terminated.” As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the
sole registered owner and legal holder of all securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to
own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank
or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that does. Thus, an
investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a legal holder of the security, but only an indirect holder
of a beneficial interest in the global security.
If
the prospectus supplement for a particular security indicates that the security will be issued as a global security, then the
security will be represented by a global security at all times unless and until the global security is terminated. If termination
occurs, we may issue the securities through another book-entry clearing system or decide that the securities may no longer be
held through any book-entry clearing system.
Special
Considerations for Global Securities
As
an indirect holder, an investor’s rights relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s
financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers.
We
do not recognize an indirect holder as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global
security.
If
securities are issued only as global securities, an investor should be aware of the following:
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an
investor cannot cause the securities to be registered in his or her name, and cannot obtain non-global certificates for his
or her interest in the securities, except in the special situations we describe below;
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an
investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the securities and protection
of his or her legal rights relating to the securities, as we describe above;
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an
investor may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and to other institutions that are
required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form;
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an
investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in the global security in circumstances where certificates representing
the securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;
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the
depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters
relating to an investor’s interest in the global security;
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we
and any applicable trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership
interests in the global security, nor will we or any applicable trustee supervise the depositary in any way;
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the
depositary may, and we understand that the DTC will, require that those who purchase and sell interests in the global security
within its book-entry system use immediately available funds, and your broker or bank may require you to do so as well; and
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financial
institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest
in the global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the securities.
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There
may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible
for the actions of any of those intermediaries.
Special
Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated
In
a few special situations described below, a global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical
certificates representing those interests. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street
name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in
securities transferred to their own names, so that they will be direct holders. We have described the rights of holders and street
name investors above.
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Unless
we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the global security will terminate when the following special
situations occur:
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if
the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary for that global security
and we do not appoint another institution to act as depositary within 90 days;
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if
we notify any applicable trustee that we wish to terminate that global security; or
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if
an event of default has occurred with regard to securities represented by that global security and has not been cured or waived.
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The
applicable prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to
the particular series of securities covered by the prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and
neither we nor any applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct
holders.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
We
may sell the securities from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or
a combination of these methods. We may sell the securities to or through underwriters or dealers, through agents or directly to
one or more purchasers. We may distribute securities from time to time in one or more transactions:
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at
a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;
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at
market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
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at
prices related to such prevailing market prices; or
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at
negotiated prices.
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We
may also sell equity securities covered by this registration statement in an “at the market offering” as defined in
Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act. Such offering may be made into an existing trading market for such securities in transactions
at other than a fixed price, either:
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on
or through the facilities of the NYSE American or any other securities exchange or quotation or trading service on which such
securities may be listed, quoted or traded at the time of sale; and/or
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other
than on the NYSE American or such other securities exchanges or quotation or trading services.
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Such
at the market offerings, if any, may be conducted by underwriters acting as principal or agent.
A
prospectus supplement or supplements (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) will
describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:
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the
name or names of any underwriters, dealers or agents, if any;
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the
purchase price of the securities and the proceeds we will receive from the sale;
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any
over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;
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any
agency fees or underwriting discounts and other items constituting agents’ or underwriters’ compensation;
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any
public offering price;
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any
discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and
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any
securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.
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Only
underwriters named in the prospectus supplement are underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.
If
underwriters are used in the sale, they will acquire the securities for their own account and may resell the securities from time
to time in one or more transactions at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The
obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable underwriting
agreement. We may offer the securities to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by
underwriters without a syndicate. Subject to certain conditions, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities
offered by the prospectus supplement. Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid
to dealers may change from time to time. We may use underwriters with whom we have a material relationship. We will describe in
the prospectus supplement, naming the underwriter, the nature of any such relationship.
We
may sell securities directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering
and sale of securities, and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in the prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus
supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.
We
may authorize agents or underwriters to solicit offers by certain types of institutional investors to purchase securities from
us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment
and delivery on a specified date in the future. We will describe the conditions to these contracts and the commissions we must
pay for solicitation of these contracts in the prospectus supplement.
We
may provide agents and underwriters with indemnification against civil liabilities related to this offering, including liabilities
under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments that the agents or underwriters may make with respect to these
liabilities. Agents and underwriters may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.
All
securities we offer, other than common shares, will be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters
may make a market in these securities, but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without
notice. We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities.
Any
underwriter may engage in overallotment, stabilizing transactions, short covering transactions and penalty bids. Overallotment
involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase
the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Short covering transactions involve
purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit
the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased
in a stabilizing or covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be
higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time. These transactions
may be effected on any exchange or over-the-counter market or otherwise.
Any
underwriters who are qualified market makers on the NYSE American may engage in passive market making transactions in the securities
on the NYSE American in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering,
before the commencement of offers or sales of the securities. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price
limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price
not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s
bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market
making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market
and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
LEGAL
MATTERS
Unless
otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, certain legal matters in connection with the offering and the validity
of the securities offered by this prospectus, and any supplement thereto, will be passed upon by Cooley LLP, San Diego, California.
Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us or any underwriters, dealers or agents, by counsel that we will name in the
applicable prospectus supplement.
EXPERTS
OUM
& Co. LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in
our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2019, as set forth in their reports, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere
in the registration statement. Our consolidated financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on OUM & Co.
LLP’s reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
This
prospectus is part of the registration statement on Form S-3 we filed with the SEC under the Securities Act. This prospectus does
not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. For
further information with respect to us and the securities we are offering under this prospectus, we refer you to the registration
statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part of the registration statement. You should rely only on the information
contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different information.
We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information
in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front page of this prospectus, regardless of the time
of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of the securities offered by this prospectus.
We
file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that
contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC,
including our company. The address of the SEC website is www.sec.gov.
We
maintain a website at www.lineagecell.com. Information contained in or accessible through our website does not constitute a part
of this prospectus.
INCORPORATION
OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The
SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information from other documents that we file with it, which means that
we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is
considered to be part of this prospectus. Information in this prospectus supersedes information incorporated by reference that
we filed with the SEC prior to the date of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference into this prospectus and the registration
statement of which this prospectus is a part the information or documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC (File No.
001-12830):
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our
Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2020, as amended by our Annual Report
on Form 10-K/A, filed with the SEC on April 28, 2020; and
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the
description of our common shares contained in our Registration Statement on Form
8-A, filed with SEC on October 26, 2009, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.
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We
also incorporate by reference into this prospectus all documents (other than current reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item
7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are related to such items, and other
portions of documents that are furnished, but not filed, pursuant to applicable rules promulgated by the SEC) that are
filed by us with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (i) after the date of the initial
filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and prior to effectiveness of the registration statement,
or (ii) after the date of this prospectus but prior to the termination of all offerings covered by this prospectus. These documents
include periodic reports, such as Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K,
as well as proxy statements.
We
will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus is delivered, without charge upon written or
oral request, a copy of any or all of the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered
with the prospectus, including exhibits that are specifically incorporated by reference into such documents. You should direct
any requests for documents to Lineage Cell Therapeutics, Inc., Attn: Chief Financial Officer, 2173 Salk Avenue, Suite 200, Carlsbad,
California 92008; telephone: (442) 287-8990.
Any
statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus will be deemed modified,
superseded or replaced for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus modifies, supersedes
or replaces such statement.
Up
to $25,000,000
Common
Shares
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT
March
5, 2021
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