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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 26, 2020
OR
☐    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File No. 001-37786
USFD-20200926_G1.JPG
US FOODS HOLDING CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 26-0347906
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) 		(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
9399 W. Higgins Road, Suite 100
Rosemont, IL 60018
(847) 720-8000
(Address, including Zip Code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share USFD New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒    No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ☐    No ☒
220,848,627 shares of the registrant's common stock were outstanding as of October 29, 2020.






Forward-Looking Statements
Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) which are not historical in nature are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These statements often include words such as “believe,” “expect,” “project,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “outlook,” “estimate,” “target,” “seek,” “will,” “may,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “forecast,” “mission,” “strive,” “more,” “goal,” or similar expressions and are based upon various assumptions and our experience in the industry, as well as historical trends, current conditions, and expected future developments. However, you should understand that these statements are not guarantees of performance or results, and there are a number of risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements, including, among others:
•    any declines in the consumption of food prepared away from home;
•    the extent and duration of the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on us;
•    cost inflation/deflation and commodity volatility;
•    competition;
•    reliance on third-party suppliers and interruption of product supply or increases in product costs;
•    changes in our relationships with customers and group purchasing organizations;
•    our ability to increase or maintain the highest margin portions of our business;
•    effective integration of acquired businesses;
•    achievement of expected benefits from cost savings initiatives;
•    increases in fuel costs;
•    economic factors affecting consumer confidence and discretionary spending;
•    changes in consumer eating habits;
•    reputation in the industry;
•    labor relations and costs and continued access to qualified and diverse labor;
•    cost and pricing structures;
•    changes in tax laws and regulations and resolution of tax disputes;
•    environmental, health and safety and other government regulation, including actions taken by national, state and local governments to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, such as travel restrictions or bans, social distancing requirements, and required closures of non-essential businesses;
•    product recalls and product liability claims;
•    adverse judgments or settlements resulting from litigation;
•    disruption of existing technologies and implementation of new technologies;
•    cybersecurity incidents and other technology disruptions;
•    management of retirement benefits and pension obligations;
•    extreme weather conditions, natural disasters and other catastrophic events, including pandemics and the rapid spread of contagious illnesses;
•    risks associated with intellectual property, including potential infringement;
•    indebtedness and restrictions under agreements governing indebtedness; and
•    interest rate increases.
For a detailed discussion of these and other risks, uncertainties and factors, see Part I, Item 1A— “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 (the “2019 Annual Report”) and Part II, Item 1A— “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report.
In light of these risks, uncertainties and other important factors, the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report might not prove to be accurate, and you should not place undue reliance on them. All forward-looking statements attributable to us, or others acting on your behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements above. All of these statements speak only as of the date made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
Comparisons of results between current and prior periods are not intended to express any future trends, or indications of future performance, and should be viewed only as historical data.







TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
No.
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1.
1
2
3
5
6
Item 2.
26
Item 3.
38
Item 4.
38
Part II. Other Information
Item 1.
40
Item 1A.
40
Item 2.
41
Item 3.
41
Item 4.
41
Item 5.
41
Item 6.
42
43









PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
US FOODS HOLDING CORP.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except par value)
September 26, 2020 December 28, 2019
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 1,019  $ 90 
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $88 and $30
1,185  1,455 
Vendor receivables, less allowances of $7 and $4
155  143 
Inventories—net
1,314  1,432 
Prepaid expenses
93  109 
Assets held for sale
10  1 
Other current assets
29  32 
Total current assets
3,805  3,262 
Property and equipment—net 2,055  2,075 
Goodwill 5,644  4,728 
Other intangibles—net 913  967 
Other assets 379  256 
Total assets
$ 12,796  $ 11,288 
LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Cash overdraft liability
$ 159  $ 222 
Accounts payable
1,543  1,460 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
521  538 
Current portion of long-term debt
149  142 
Total current liabilities
2,372  2,362 
Long-term debt 5,638  4,594 
Deferred tax liabilities 250  308 
Other long-term liabilities 525  315 
Total liabilities
8,785  7,579 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 22)
Mezzanine equity:
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value—25 shares authorized;
0.5 and 0.0 issued and outstanding as of September 26, 2020 and
December 28, 2019 		496  — 
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value—600 shares authorized;
221 and 220 issued and outstanding as of
September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively
2  2 
Additional paid-in capital
2,886  2,845 
Retained earnings
684  916 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(57) (54)
Total shareholders’ equity
3,515  3,709 
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity
$ 12,796  $ 11,288 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
1






US FOODS HOLDING CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(In millions, except per share data)
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Net sales $ 5,848  $ 6,531  $ 16,747  $ 19,005 
Cost of goods sold 4,874  5,375  14,036  15,655 
Gross profit
974  1,156  2,711  3,350 
Operating expenses:
Distribution, selling and administrative costs
873  968  2,779  2,837 
Restructuring and asset impairment charges
23  —  39  — 
Total operating expenses
896  968  2,818  2,837 
Operating income (loss) 78  188  (107) 513 
Other (income) expense—net (6) 1  (16) (3)
Interest expense—net 63  43  178  127 
Income (loss) before income taxes 21  144  (269) 389 
Income tax provision (benefit) 13  39  (53) 97 
Income (loss) from continuing operations 8  105  (216) 292 
Income from discontinued operations—net of tax: —  1  —  1 
Net income (loss)
8  106  (216) 293 
Other comprehensive income (loss)—net of tax:
Changes in retirement benefit obligations
—  3  1  5 
Unrecognized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps
2  (1) (4) (15)
Comprehensive income (loss)
$ 10  $ 108  $ (219) $ 283 
Net income (loss) $ 8  $ 106  $ (216) $ 293 
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock Dividends 10  —  15  — 
Net (loss) income available to common shareholders $ (2) $ 106  $ (231) $ 293 
Net (loss) income per share—basic
Continuing operations
$ (0.01) $ 0.48  $ (1.05) $ 1.33 
Discontinued operations
—  0.01  —  0.01 
Net (loss) income per share $ (0.01) $ 0.49  $ (1.05) $ 1.34 
Net (loss) income per share—diluted:
Continuing operations
$ (0.01) $ 0.47  $ (1.05) $ 1.33 
Discontinued operations
—  0.01  —  0.01 
Net (loss) income per share $ (0.01) $ 0.48  $ (1.05) $ 1.34 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
Basic
220  218  220  218 
Diluted
220  220  220  219 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
2






US FOODS HOLDING CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
(In millions)
Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital 		Retained
Earnings 		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total
Shareholders'
Equity
Shares Amount
BALANCE—December 28, 2019 220  $ 2  $ 2,845  $ 916  $ (54) $ 3,709 
Share-based compensation expense —  —  7  —  —  7 
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan —  —  6  —  —  6 
Exercise of stock options —  —  1  —  —  1 
Tax withholding payments for net share-settled equity awards —  —  (2) —  —  (2)
Unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of income tax —  —  —  —  (6) (6)
Adoption of ASU 2016-13 (Note 2 and 7) —  —  —  (1) —  (1)
Net loss —  —  —  (132) —  (132)
BALANCE—March 28, 2020 220  2  2,857  783  (60) 3,582 
Share-based compensation expense —  —  12  —  —  12 
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan 1  —  5  —  —  5 
Tax withholding payments for net share-settled equity awards —  —  (3) —  —  (3)
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock Dividends —  —  —  (5) —  (5)
Changes in retirement benefit obligations, net of income tax —  —  —  —  1  1 
Net loss —  —  —  (92) —  (92)
BALANCE—June 27, 2020 221  2  2,871  686  (59) 3,500 
Share-based compensation expense —  —  10  —  —  10 
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan —  —  4  —  —  4 
Exercise of stock options —  —  1  —  —  1 
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock Dividends —  —  —  (10) —  (10)
Unrecognized gain on interest rate swaps, net of income tax —  —  —  —  2  2 
Net income —  —  —  8  —  8 
BALANCE—September 26, 2020 221  $ 2  $ 2,886  $ 684  $ (57) $ 3,515 

3






US FOODS HOLDING CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
(In millions)
Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital 		Retained
Earnings 		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total
Shareholders'
Equity
Shares Amount
BALANCE—December 29, 2018 217  $ 2  $ 2,780  $ 531  $ (84) $ 3,229 
Share-based compensation expense —  —  6  —  —  6 
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan —  —  5  —  —  5 
Exercise of stock options 1  —  6  —  —  6 
Tax withholding payments for net share-settled equity awards —  —  (2) —  —  (2)
Changes in retirement benefit obligations, net of income tax —  —  —  —  1  1 
Unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of income tax —  —  —  —  (6) (6)
Net income —  —  —  71  —  71 
BALANCE—March 30, 2019 218  2  2,795  602  (89) 3,310 
Share-based compensation expense —  —  9  —  —  9 
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan —  —  5  —  —  5 
Exercise of stock options 1  —  5  —  —  5 
Tax withholding payments for net share-settled equity awards —  —  (3) —  —  (3)
Changes in retirement benefit obligations, net of income tax —  —  —  —  1  1 
Unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of income tax —  —  —  —  (8) (8)
Net income —  —  —  116  —  116 
BALANCE—June 29, 2019 219  2  2,811  718  (96) 3,435 
Share-based compensation expense —  —  7  —  —  7 
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan —  —  5  —  —  5 
Exercise of stock options —  —  2  —  —  2 
Changes in retirement benefit obligations, net of income tax —  —  —  —  3  3 
Unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of income tax —  —  —  —  (1) (1)
Net income —  —  —  106  —  106 
BALANCE—September 28, 2019 219  $ 2  $ 2,825  $ 824  $ (94) $ 3,557 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
4






US FOODS HOLDING CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(In millions)
39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income
$ (216) $ 293 
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax —  (1)
Depreciation and amortization
316  260 
Gain on disposal of property and equipment—net
(15) (1)
Asset impairment charges 9  — 
Amortization of deferred financing costs
12  3 
Deferred tax (benefit) provision
(65) 7 
Share-based compensation expense
29  22 
Provision for doubtful accounts
80  14 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in receivables
182  (162)
Decrease (increase) in inventories—net
161  (22)
Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets
30  14 
Increase in accounts payable and cash overdraft liability
19  160 
Decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities
(9) (29)
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations 533  558 
Net cash provided by operating activities of discontinued operations —  1 
Net cash provided by operating activities
533  559 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of businesses—net of cash
(973) (1,829)
Proceeds from sales of assets
7  — 
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment
33  9 
Purchases of property and equipment
(154) (157)
Net cash used in investing activities
(1,087) (1,977)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from debt borrowings
3,645  5,084 
Principal payments on debt and financing leases
(2,640) (3,654)
Net proceeds from issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
491  — 
Debt financing costs and fees
(33) (42)
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan
15  15 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
2  13 
Tax withholding payments for net share-settled equity awards
(5) (5)
Net cash provided by financing activities
1,475  1,411 
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 921  (7)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—beginning of period 98  105 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period $ 1,019  $ 98 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest paid—net of amounts capitalized
$ 122  $ 112 
Income taxes paid—net
3  116 
Property and equipment purchases included in accounts payable
11  21 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for financing lease liabilities
63  77 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities
21  11 
Cashless exercise of stock options
—  1 
Paid-in-kind Series A Convertible Preferred Stock Dividends 5  — 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
5






US FOODS HOLDING CORP.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in tables in millions, except per share data, unless otherwise noted)
1.     OVERVIEW AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
US Foods Holding Corp., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries are referred to in these consolidated financial statements and notes as “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” or “US Foods.” US Foods Holding Corp. conducts all of its operations through its wholly owned subsidiary US Foods, Inc. (“USF”) and its subsidiaries. All of the Company’s indebtedness, as further described in Note 13, Debt, is a direct obligation of USF and its subsidiaries.
Business Description—The Company, through USF, operates in one business segment in which it markets and distributes fresh, frozen and dry food and non-food products to foodservice customers throughout the U.S. These customers include independently owned single and multi-unit restaurants, regional concepts, national restaurant chains, hospitals, nursing homes, hotels and motels, country clubs, government and military organizations, colleges and universities, and retail locations.
Basis of Presentation—The Company operates on a 52 or 53-week fiscal year, with all periods ending on a Saturday. When a 53-week fiscal year occurs, the Company reports the additional week in the fiscal fourth quarter. Fiscal year 2020 is a 53-week fiscal year. Fiscal year 2019 was a 52-week fiscal year.
The consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements and notes prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The Company believes that the disclosures included in this Quarterly Report are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These interim consolidated financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the 2019 Annual Report.
The consolidated interim financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items, unless otherwise disclosed) necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that might be achieved for the full fiscal year.
2.    RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2020-04-Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens of the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. This guidance is currently effective prospectively for all entities through December 31, 2022 when the reference rate replacement activity is expected to have completed. The Company adopted the provisions of this standard on a prospective basis at the beginning of the second quarter of fiscal year 2020 with no impact to the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the relevant provisions of this standard on a prospective basis at the beginning of the third quarter of fiscal year 2020. The Company's adoption of the relevant provisions of the new standard did not materially affect the Company's financial position or results of operations.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, which provides new guidance on the accounting for implementation, set-up, and other upfront costs incurred in a hosted cloud computing arrangement. Under the new guidance, entities will apply the same criteria for capitalizing implementation costs as they would for an internal-use software license arrangement. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted the provisions of this standard on a prospective basis at the beginning of fiscal year 2020. The Company's adoption of the provisions of the new standard did not materially affect its financial position or results of operations.
6






In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which requires entities to use a forward-looking, expected loss model to estimate credit losses. It also requires entities to consider additional disclosures related to credit quality of trade and other receivables, including information related to management’s estimate of credit allowances. ASU 2016-13 was further amended in November 2018 by ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 236, Financial Instrument-Credit Losses. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted the provisions of this standard on a modified retrospective basis at the beginning of fiscal year 2020, which resulted in the recording of a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of $1 million. The adoption of the provision of the new standard did not materially affect the Company's financial position or results of operations. See Note 7, Allowance For Doubtful Accounts, for further discussion over the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts.     
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity's Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by removing the separation models for (1) convertible debt with a cash conversion feature and (2) convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. As a result, convertible debt will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost. Additionally, the new guidance requires the application of the if-converted method to calculate the impact of convertible instruments on diluted earnings per share. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts of the provision of the new standard on our financial position, results of operation and cash flows.
3.    REVENUE RECOGNITION
The Company recognizes revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied, which occurs when a customer obtains control of the promised goods or services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these goods or services. The Company generates substantially all of its revenue from the distribution and sale of food and food-related products and recognizes revenue when title and risk of loss passes and the customer accepts the goods, which occurs at delivery. Customer sales incentives such as volume-based rebates or discounts are treated as a reduction of revenue at the time the revenue is recognized. Sales taxes invoiced to customers and remitted to governmental authorities are excluded from net sales. Shipping and handling costs are treated as fulfillment costs and included in distribution, selling and administrative costs.
The Company did not have any material outstanding performance obligations, contract liabilities or capitalized contract acquisition costs as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019. Customer receivables, which are included in accounts receivable, less allowances in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, were $1.2 billion and $1.5 billion as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively.
The Company has certain customer contracts under which incentives are paid upfront to its customers. These payments have become industry practice and are not related to financing any customer’s business, nor are these costs associated with any distinct good or service to be received from any customer. These incentive payments are capitalized in prepaid expenses and other assets and amortized as a reduction of revenue over the life of the contract or as goods or services are transferred to the customer. The Company’s contract assets for these upfront payments were $26 million and $35 million included in prepaid expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively, and $29 million and $39 million included in other assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively.
The following table presents the disaggregation of revenue for each of the Company’s principal product categories:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Meats and seafood $ 2,069  $ 2,352  $ 5,989  $ 6,849 
Dry grocery products 992  1,100  2,866  3,254 
Refrigerated and frozen grocery products 891  1,054  2,626  3,076 
Dairy 636  689  1,738  1,955 
Equipment, disposables and supplies 638  628  1,768  1,822 
Beverage products 309  352  876  1,029 
Produce 313  356  884  1,020 
Net sales $ 5,848  $ 6,531  $ 16,747  $ 19,005 
7






4.    BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS
Smart Foodservice Acquisition—On April 24, 2020, USF completed the acquisition of Smart Stores Holding Corp., a Delaware corporation (“Smart Foodservice”), from funds managed by affiliates of Apollo Global Management, Inc. Total consideration paid at the closing of the acquisition (net of cash acquired) was $973 million, and is subject to certain customary post-closing adjustments. Smart Foodservice operates 70 small-format cash and carry stores across California, Idaho, Nevada, Montana, Oregon, Washington and Utah that serve small and mid-sized restaurants and other food business customers. The acquisition of Smart Foodservice expands the Company’s cash and carry business in the West and Northwest parts of the U.S.
USF financed the acquisition with a new $700 million incremental senior secured term loan facility under its existing term loan credit agreement, as further described in Note 13, Debt, and with cash on hand. The assets, liabilities and results of operations of Smart Foodservice have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since the date the acquisition was completed.
The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation recognized for the Smart Foodservice acquisition based upon preliminary estimates of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The preliminary purchase price allocation is subject to further adjustment as additional information becomes available and final valuations are completed. There can be no assurances that these final valuations and additional analyses and studies will not result in significant changes to the preliminary estimates of fair value set forth below. Adjustments to the preliminary purchase price allocation recorded in the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 were immaterial to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation
Accounts receivable $ 5 
Inventories 43 
Other current assets 20 
Property and equipment 85 
Goodwill(1)
913 
Other intangibles(2)
14 
Other assets 129 
Accounts payable (39)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (30)
Deferred income taxes (7)
Other long-term liabilities, including financing leases (160)
Cash paid for acquisition $ 973 
(1)    Goodwill recognized is primarily attributable to intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition, as well as expected synergies from the combined company. The acquired goodwill is not deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
(2)    Other intangibles consist of a trade name of $14 million with an estimated useful life of approximately 1 year.
Net sales and net income for Smart Foodservice, which have been included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income since the date the acquisition was completed, were $276 million and $8 million, respectively, for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020, and $484 million and $19 million, respectively, for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020.
Smart Foodservice acquisition and integration related costs included in distribution, selling and administrative costs in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income were less than $1 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and $20 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, respectively.
Food Group Acquisition—On September 13, 2019, USF completed the $1.8 billion acquisition of five foodservice companies (the “Food Group”) from Services Group of America, Inc.: Food Services of America, Inc., Systems Services of America, Inc., Amerifresh, Inc., Ameristar Meats, Inc. and GAMPAC Express, Inc.
USF financed the acquisition with a new $1.5 billion incremental senior secured term loan facility under its existing term loan credit agreement, as further described in Note 13, Debt, and with borrowings under its revolving credit facilities. The assets, liabilities and results of operations of the Food Group have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since the date the acquisition was completed. As a condition to receiving regulatory clearance for the acquisition from the Federal Trade Commission, USF divested three Food Group distribution facilities (the "Divested Assets") during the fourth quarter of 2019.
8






The following table summarizes the final purchase price allocation for the acquisition of Food Group as of September 13, 2019. Adjustments to the preliminary purchase price allocation were immaterial to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Purchase Price Allocation
Accounts receivable $ 145 
Inventories 165 
Assets of discontinued operations 130 
Other current assets 7 
Property and equipment 210 
Goodwill(1)
764 
Other intangibles(2)
695 
Other assets 47 
Accounts payable (200)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (69)
Liabilities of discontinued operations (19)
Other long-term liabilities, including financing leases (43)
Cash paid for acquisition $ 1,832 
    
(1)    Goodwill recognized is primarily attributable to intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition, as well as expected synergies from the combined company. The acquired goodwill is deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
(2)    Other intangibles consist of customer relationships of $656 million with estimated useful lives of 15 years and indefinite-lived brand names and trademarks of $39 million.
Food Group acquisition and integration related costs included in distribution, selling and administrative costs in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income were $4 million and $17 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively, and $23 million and $35 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively.
Pro Forma Financial Information—The following table presents the Company’s unaudited pro forma consolidated net sales, net income and earnings per share (“EPS”) for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019. The unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations as if the acquisitions and related financings of Smart Foodservice and the Food Group had occurred as of December 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, which dates represent the first day of the Company’s fiscal year prior to their respective acquisition dates.
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Pro forma net sales $ 5,848  $ 7,498  $ 17,120  $ 21,934 
Pro forma net (loss) income available to common shareholders $ (2) $ 130  $ (202) $ 323 
Pro forma net (loss) income per share:
Basic $ (0.01) $ 0.59  $ (0.92) $ 1.48 
Diluted $ (0.01) $ 0.59  $ (0.92) $ 1.47 
9






The unaudited pro forma financial information presented above excludes the results of operations related to the Food Group Divested Assets, as the results of operations related to the Divested Assets were reflected as discontinued operations. Unaudited pro forma net sales, net income and net income per share related to the Divested Assets for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019 were as follows:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 28, 2019 September 28, 2019
Pro forma net sales $ 114  $ 372 
Pro forma net income $ 3  $ 6 
Pro forma net income per share:
Basic $ 0.02  $ 0.03 
Diluted $ 0.01  $ 0.03 
The unaudited pro forma financial information above includes adjustments for: (1) incremental depreciation expense related to fair value increases of certain acquired property and equipment, (2) amortization expense related to the fair value of intangible assets acquired, (3) interest expense related to the incremental senior secured term loan facilities and revolving credit facilities used to finance the acquisitions, (4) the elimination of acquisition-related costs that were included in the Company’s historical results, and (5) adjustments to the income tax provision based on pro forma results of operations. No effect has been given to potential synergies, operating efficiencies or costs arising from the integration of Smart Foodservice and the Food Group with our previously existing operations or the standalone cost estimates and estimated costs that were incurred by their former respective parent companies. Accordingly, the unaudited pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have been achieved had the pro forma events taken place on the dates indicated. Further, the pro forma financial information does not purport to project the Company’s future consolidated results of operations following the acquisitions.
5.    RESTRICTED CASH
Restricted cash primarily consists of cash on deposit with financial institutions as collateral for certain letters of credit. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019 consisted of the following:
September 26, 2020 December 28, 2019
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,019  $ 90 
Restricted cash—included in other assets —  8 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 1,019  $ 98 
6.    INVENTORIES
The Company’s inventories, consisting mainly of food and other food-related products, are primarily considered finished goods. Inventory costs include the purchase price of the product, freight costs to deliver it to the Company’s distribution and retail facilities, and depreciation and labor related to processing facilities and equipment, and are net of certain cash or non-cash consideration received from vendors. The Company assesses the need for valuation allowances for slow-moving, excess and obsolete inventories by estimating the net recoverable value of such goods based upon inventory category, inventory age, specifically identified items, and overall economic conditions.
The Company records inventories at the lower of cost or market primarily using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method, except for Smart Foodservice, which uses the retail method of inventory accounting. For our LIFO based inventories, the base year values of beginning and ending inventories are determined using the inventory price index computation method. This "links" current costs to original costs in the base year when the Company adopted LIFO. LIFO reserves in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets were $161 million and $152 million as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively. As a result of changes in LIFO reserves, cost of goods sold increased $3 million and $1 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively, and increased $9 million and $13 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively. Additionally, during the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, due to the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic (as further described in Note 7) had on our business, the Company incurred charges of $40 million related to inventory adjustments and product donations recorded in cost of goods sold.

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7.    ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
The Company performs on-going credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based upon payment history and the customer’s current credit worthiness, as determined by the review of their current credit information. Collections and payments from customers are continuously monitored. The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable and determines the appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts based on a combination of factors. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts, which is based upon historical experience, future expected losses, as well as specific customer collection issues that have been identified. The Company uses specific criteria to determine uncollectible receivables to be written off, including bankruptcy, accounts referred to outside parties for collection, and accounts past due primarily over specified periods.
Recent Events
In March 2020, the World Health Organization characterized a novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) as a pandemic amidst a rising number of confirmed cases and thousands of deaths worldwide. As of December 28, 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic had not had a significant impact on our business. However, since mid-March 2020, our business has been significantly impacted. Beginning in mid-March 2020, many countries, including the United States, took steps to restrict travel, temporarily close or enforce capacity restrictions in businesses, schools and other public gathering spaces. Restrictions on public gatherings and attendance at retail or other establishments, including restaurants, and recreational, sporting and other similar venues, continue to evolve and are expected to continue to remain in effect in some capacity for the near-term. It remains unclear when and to what extent the COVID-19 pandemic will fully abate. Since mid-March 2020, the operations of our restaurant, hospitality and education customers (and our operations that are dependent upon these customers) have been significantly disrupted by the spread of COVID-19 and the corresponding sudden and significant decline in consumer demand for food prepared away from home. Due to the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had on our customers, particularly our restaurant and hospitality customers, we significantly increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $170 million during the 13 weeks ended March 28, 2020, of which, $75 million and $30 million was reversed during the 13 weeks ended June 27, 2020 and September 26, 2020, respectively, based on better than anticipated collection of our pre-COVID-19 accounts receivable.
A summary of the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 was as follows:
Balance as of December 28, 2019 $ 30 
Charged to costs and expenses 80 
Adoption of ASU 2016-13 1 
Customer accounts written off—net of recoveries (23)
Balance as of September 26, 2020 $ 88 
This table excludes the vendor receivable related allowance for doubtful accounts of $7 million and $4 million as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively.
8.    FORMER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE FINANCING PROGRAM
Pursuant to a since-terminated accounts receivable financing facility (the “ABS Facility”), USF sold, on a revolving basis, eligible receivables to a wholly owned, special purpose, bankruptcy remote subsidiary (the “Receivables Company”). While the ABS Facility was in effect, the Company consolidated the Receivables Company and, consequently, the transfer of the eligible receivables was a transaction internal to the Company, and the eligible receivables held by the Receivables Company were previously not derecognized from the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. Included in the Company’s accounts receivable balance as of December 28, 2019 was approximately $1.0 billion of eligible receivables held by the Receivables Company as collateral in support of amounts borrowed under the ABS Facility. On May 1, 2020, USF repaid all outstanding borrowings under the ABS Facility in full and terminated the ABS Facility, as further discussed in Note 13, Debt, and as a result, the Company's eligible receivables are no longer transferred to or held by the Receivables Company.
9.    ASSETS HELD FOR SALE
The Company classifies its vacant land and closed facilities as assets held for sale at the time management commits to a plan to sell the asset, the asset is actively marketed and available for immediate sale, and the sale is expected to be completed within one year. Due to market conditions, certain assets may be classified as assets held for sale for more than one year while the Company continues to actively market the assets.
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The change in assets held for sale for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 was as follows:
Balance as of December 28, 2019 $ 1 
Transfers in 24 
Assets sold (15)
Balance as of September 26, 2020 $ 10 
Land previously held for future use and two excess warehouse facilities were transferred to assets held for sale during the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020. The Company sold the land on June 30, 2020 and received cash proceeds from the sale of $32 million, resulting in a gain on sale of $17 million, which was included in distribution, selling and administrative costs in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.
10.    PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from 3 to 40 years. Property and equipment under financing leases and leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining terms of the related leases or the estimated useful lives of the assets, if reasonably assured the Company will purchase the assets at the end of the lease terms. As of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, property and equipment-net included accumulated depreciation of $2,505 million and $2,298 million, respectively. Depreciation expense was $88 million and $75 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively and $257 million and $228 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively.
11.    GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES
Goodwill includes the cost of acquired businesses in excess of the fair value of the tangible and other intangible net assets acquired. Other intangible assets include customer relationships, amortizable trade names, noncompete agreements, the brand names comprising the Company’s portfolio of exclusive brands, and trademarks. Brand names and trademarks are indefinite-lived intangible assets and, accordingly, are not subject to amortization, but are subject to impairment assessments as described below.
Customer relationships, amortizable trade names and noncompete agreements are intangible assets with definite lives and are carried at the acquired fair value, less accumulated amortization. Customer relationships, amortizable trade names and noncompete agreements are amortized over the estimated useful lives (which range from approximately 1 to 15 years). Amortization expense was $21 million and $12 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively and $59 million and $32 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively.
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Goodwill and other intangibles—net consisted of the following:  
September 26, 2020 December 28, 2019
Goodwill $ 5,644  $ 4,728 
Other intangibles—net
Customer relationships—amortizable:
Gross carrying amount
$ 736  $ 789 
Accumulated amortization
(114) (115)
Net carrying value
622  674 
Trade names—amortizable:
Gross carrying amount
15  — 
Accumulated amortization
(6) — 
Net carrying value
9  — 
Noncompete agreements—amortizable:
Gross carrying amount
3  3 
Accumulated amortization
(2) (2)
Net carrying value
1  1 
Brand names and trademarks—not amortizing
281  292 
Total other intangibles—net $ 913  $ 967 
The Company assesses for impairment intangible assets with definite lives only if events occur that indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment annually, or more frequently if events occur that indicate an asset may be impaired. For goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, the Company’s policy is to assess for impairment as of the beginning of each fiscal third quarter. The Company completed its most recent annual impairment assessment for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets as of June 28, 2020, the first day of the third quarter of fiscal year 2020. Due to the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on forecasted earnings and the discount rate utilized in our valuation models, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $9.4 million related to two trade names acquired as part of the Food Group acquisition, which was included in restructuring and asset impairment charges in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. The Company determined the fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets using the relief-from-royalty method, which requires assumptions such as long-term growth rates of future revenues, the royalty rate for such revenue, and a discount rate. These assumptions require significant judgment by management, and are therefore considered Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. No other impairments were noted as part of the annual impairment assessment.
The increase in goodwill and the amortizable trade name as of September 26, 2020 is attributable to the Smart Foodservice acquisition, as described in Note 4, Business Acquisitions. The net decrease in the gross carrying amount of customer relationships as of September 26, 2020 is attributable to the write-off of fully amortized intangible assets related to certain 2016 business acquisitions.
12.    FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company follows the accounting standards for fair value, under which fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. The Company’s fair value measurements are based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, fair value accounting standards establish a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
•Level 1—observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets
•Level 2—observable inputs other than those included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active or inactive markets that are observable either directly or indirectly, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data
•Level 3—unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions
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Any transfers of assets or liabilities between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy will be recognized at the end of the reporting period in which the transfer occurs. There were no transfers between fair value levels in any of the periods presented below.
The Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall, were as follows:
September 26, 2020
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets
Money market funds
$ 857  $ —  $ —  $ 857 
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps
$ —  $ 7  $ —  $ 7 
December 28, 2019
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps
$ —  $ 1  $ —  $ 1 
There were no significant assets or liabilities in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis for the periods presented above.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Money Market Funds
Money market funds include highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three or fewer months. These funds are valued using quoted market prices in active markets and are classified under Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company uses interest rate swaps, designated as cash flow hedges, to manage its exposure to interest rate movements in connection with its variable-rate Initial Term Loan Facility (as defined in Note 13, Debt).
USF has entered into four-year interest rate swap agreements expiring July 31, 2021, which collectively have a notional value of $550 million, which was reduced from $733 million on July 31, 2020. The Company pays an aggregate effective rate of 3.45% on the notional amount of the Initial Term Loan Facility covered by the interest rate swap agreements, comprised of a rate of 1.70% plus a spread of 1.75% (see Note 13, Debt).
The Company records its interest rate swaps in its Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value, based on projections of cash flows and future interest rates. The determination of fair value includes the consideration of any credit valuation adjustments necessary, giving consideration to the creditworthiness of the respective counterparties and the Company. The following table presents the balance sheet location and fair value of the interest rate swaps as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019:
Fair Value
Balance Sheet Location September 26, 2020 December 28, 2019
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate swaps
Accrued expenses and
other current liabilities 		$ 7  $ — 
Interest rate swaps
Other long-term liabilities —  1 
Total liabilities $ 7  $ 1 
Gains and losses on the interest rate swaps are initially recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and reclassified to interest expense during the period in which the hedged transaction affects income. The following table presents the effect of the Company’s interest rate swaps in its Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019:
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Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships Amount of Loss Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax Location of Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Amount of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Income, net of tax
For the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020
Interest rate swaps
$ —  Interest expense—net $ 2 
For the 13 weeks ended September 28, 2019
Interest rate swaps
$ —  Interest expense—net $ (1)
For the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020
Interest rate swaps
$ (8) Interest expense—net $ 4 
For the 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019
Interest rate swaps
$ (11) Interest expense—net $ (4)
During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that $7 million will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to income.
Other Fair Value Measurements
The carrying value of cash, accounts receivable, cash overdraft liability, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.
The fair value of the Company’s total debt approximated $5.7 billion, compared to its carrying value of $5.8 billion as of September 26, 2020. The fair value of the Company’s total debt approximated its carrying value of $4.7 billion as of December 28, 2019.
The fair value of the Company’s 6.25% senior secured notes due April 15, 2025 (the “Secured Notes”) was $1.0 billion as of September 26, 2020. The fair value of the Company’s 5.875% unsecured Senior Notes due June 15, 2024 (the “Unsecured Senior Notes”), was $601 million and $619 million as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively. Fair value of both the Secured Notes and the Unsecured Senior Notes is based upon the closing market prices on the respective dates, and is classified under Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the balance of the Company’s debt is primarily classified under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, with fair value estimated based upon a combination of the cash outflows expected under these debt facilities, interest rates that are currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms, and estimates of the Company’s overall credit risk.
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13.    DEBT
Total debt consisted of the following:
Debt Description Maturity Interest Rate as of September 26, 2020 September 26, 2020 December 28, 2019
ABL Facility May 31, 2024 —% $ —  $ — 
ABS Facility(1)
— — —  190 
Initial Term Loan Facility (net of $3 and $4
of unamortized deferred financing costs,
respectively)
June 27, 2023 1.91% 2,109  2,125 
2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility (net of $31
and $35 of unamortized deferred financing
costs, respectively) 		September 13, 2026 3.07% 1,458  1,465 
2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility (net of $12
of unamortized deferred financing costs) 		April 24, 2025 4.25% 287  — 
Senior Secured Notes (net of $14 of unamortized
      deferred financing costs)
April 15, 2025 6.25% 986  — 
Unsecured Senior Notes (net of $4 of unamortized
deferred financing costs)
June 15, 2024 5.875% 596  596 
Obligations under financing leases 2020–2030 1.63% - 6.17% 343  352 
Other debt 2021–2031 5.75% - 9.00% 8  8 
Total debt 5,787  4,736 
Current portion of long-term debt(2)
(149) (142)
Long-term debt $ 5,638  $ 4,594 
(1)    The ABS Facility was paid in full on May 1, 2020 and subsequently terminated as further discussed below.
(2)    The current portion of long-term debt as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019 for the Initial Term Loan Facility, the 2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility and the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility includes five principal payments due to the Company's 53-week fiscal year 2020.
As of September 26, 2020, after considering interest rate swaps that fixed the interest rate on $550 million of principal of the Initial Term Loan Facility described below, approximately 57% of the Company’s total debt bears interest at a floating rate.
ABL Facility
On May 4, 2020, USF entered into an amendment to its asset based senior secured revolving credit facility (the “ABL Facility”). Pursuant to this amendment, the total aggregate amount of commitments under the ABL Facility was increased from $1,600 million to $1,990 million. Extensions of credit under the ABL Facility are subject to availability under a borrowing base comprised of various percentages of the value of eligible accounts receivable, eligible inventory, eligible transportation equipment and certain unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, which, along with other assets, also serve as collateral for borrowings under the ABL Facility. As discussed below, on May 1, 2020, USF terminated the ABS Facility and transitioned the accounts receivable that secured the ABS Facility to the collateral pool that secures the ABL Facility. This transition increases the size of the borrowing base under the ABL Facility. The ABL Facility is scheduled to mature on May 31, 2024, subject to a springing maturity date in the event that more than $300 million of aggregate principal amount of earlier maturing indebtedness under either USF’s senior secured term loan facility or Unsecured Senior Notes remains outstanding on a date that is sixty (60) days prior to the maturity date for such senior secured term loan facility or Unsecured Senior Notes, respectively.
Borrowings under the ABL Facility bear interest, at USF's periodic election, at a rate equal to the sum of an alternative base rate (“ABR”), as described under the ABL Facility, plus a margin ranging from 0.00% to 0.50%, or the sum of LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.00% to 1.50%, in each case based on USF’s excess availability under the ABL Facility. The margin under the ABL Facility as of September 26, 2020 was 0.00% for ABR loans and 1.00% for LIBOR loans. The ABL Facility also carries a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum on the average unused amount of the commitments under the ABL Facility.
USF incurred $3 million of third-party costs in connection with the ABL Facility amendment which were capitalized as deferred financing costs. These deferred financing costs, along with $5 million of unamortized deferred financing costs related to the former asset based senior secured revolving credit facility, will be amortized through May 31, 2024, the ABL Facility maturity date.
USF had no outstanding borrowings, and had issued letters of credit totaling $274 million, under the ABL Facility as of September 26, 2020. The outstanding letters of credit primarily relate to securing USF's obligations with respect to its self-
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insurance program and certain real estate leases. There was available capacity of $1,716 million under the ABL Facility as of September 26, 2020.
ABS Facility
On May 1, 2020, USF repaid in full all $542 million principal amount of borrowings then outstanding under the ABS Facility using cash on hand and subsequently terminated the ABS Facility. The accounts receivable that secured the ABS Facility were transitioned to the collateral pool that secures the ABL Facility. The Company recorded a debt extinguishment loss of $1 million in interest expense, primarily consisting of a write-off of unamortized debt costs associated with the ABS Facility and its termination.
Term Loan Facilities
Under its term loan credit agreement, USF has entered into an initial senior secured term “B” loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $2.2 billion (the “Initial Term Loan Facility”), an incremental senior secured term “B” loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $1.5 billion (the “2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility”), and an incremental senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $700 million (the "2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility"). Borrowings under the 2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility were used to pay a portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of the Food Group and related fees and expenses, and borrowings under the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility were used to pay a portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of Smart Foodservice and related fees and expenses (see Note 4).
The Initial Term Loan Facility had a carrying value of $2.1 billion, net of $3 million of unamortized deferred financing costs as of September 26, 2020. The table above reflects the interest rate on the unhedged portion of the Initial Term Loan Facility as of September 26, 2020. The effective interest rate of the portion of the Initial Term Loan Facility subject to interest rate hedging agreements was 3.45% as of September 26, 2020. The Initial Term Loan Facility is scheduled to mature on June 27, 2023.
The 2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility entered into to finance a portion of the Food Group acquisition, had a carrying value of $1,458 million, net of $31 million of unamortized deferred financing costs as of September 26, 2020. Borrowings under the Incremental Term Loan Facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at USF’s option, either the sum of LIBOR plus a margin of 2.00%, or the sum of an alternative base rate, determined in accordance with the term loan credit agreement, plus a margin of 1.00%. The 2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility is scheduled to mature on September 13, 2026.
On April 24, 2020, USF entered into the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility and used the proceeds to fund, in part, the Smart Foodservice acquisition. On April 28, 2020, USF repaid $400 million of the principal amount of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility with a portion of the proceeds from the senior secured notes offering further discussed below. In connection with the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility repayment, the Company applied debt extinguishment accounting and recorded a debt extinguishment loss of $2 million in interest expense, consisting of a write-off of debt issuance costs associated with the $400 million in principal amount of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility that was repaid. Lender fees and third-party costs incurred of $13 million associated with the remaining $300 million in principal amount of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility were capitalized as deferred financing costs and will be amortized through April 24, 2025, which is the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility maturity date.
Borrowings under the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at USF’s option, either LIBOR plus a margin of 3.25% (subject to a LIBOR “floor” of 1.00%), or an alternative base rate plus a margin of 2.25%. The interest rate margins on the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility will increase by 0.50% on each of April 28, 2021, April 28, 2022, April 28, 2023 and April 28, 2024, respectively.
USF’s obligations under the Initial Term Loan Facility, the 2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility and the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility are guaranteed by certain of USF’s subsidiaries, and those obligations and guarantees are secured by substantially all of the non-real estate assets of USF and the subsidiary guarantors.
Senior Secured Notes
On April 28, 2020, USF completed a private offering of $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of its 6.25% Secured Notes due April 15, 2025. USF used the net proceeds of the Secured Notes to repay $400 million in principal amount of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility and the balance of the net proceeds has been and will be used for general corporate purposes. The Secured Notes had a carrying value of $986 million, net of $14 million of unamortized deferred financing costs, as of September 26, 2020. The Secured Notes mature April 15, 2025. On or after April 15, 2022, the Secured Notes are redeemable, at USF’s option, in whole or in part at a price of 103.13% of the remaining principal, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. On or after April 15, 2023 and April 15, 2024, the optional redemption price for the Secured Notes declines to 101.56% and 100.00%, respectively, of the remaining principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date.
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Debt Covenants
The agreements governing our indebtedness contain customary covenants. These include, among other things, covenants that restrict our ability to incur certain additional indebtedness, create or permit liens on assets, pay dividends, or engage in mergers or consolidations. USF had $1.3 billion of restricted payment capacity under these covenants, and approximately $2.7 billion of its net assets were restricted considering the net deferred tax assets and intercompany balances that eliminate in consolidation as of September 26, 2020.
14.    RESTRUCTURING LIABILITIES
From time to time, the Company may implement initiatives or close or consolidate facilities in an effort to reduce costs and improve operating effectiveness. In connection with these activities, the Company may incur various costs including severance and other employee-related separation costs.
In order to reduce its operating expenses in line with the decrease in sales volume caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company reduced its work force and closed two excess facilities and incurred a net charge of $14 million and $30 million for severance and related costs during the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, respectively. See Note 11, Goodwill and Other Intangibles, for discussion related to asset impairment charges.
The following table summarizes the changes in the restructuring liabilities for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020:
Severance and Related Costs Facility Closing Costs
Total
Balance at December 28, 2019 $ 1  $ —  $ 1 
Current period charges 28  2  30 
Payments, net (25) (1) (26)
Balance as of September 26, 2020 $ 4  $ 1  $ 5 

15.    LEASES
The Company leases certain distribution and warehouse facilities, office facilities, fleet vehicles, and office and warehouse equipment. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and recognizes a financing or operating lease liability and right-of-use (“ROU”) asset in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the lease term as of commencement date. For the Company’s leases that do not provide an implicit borrowing rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available as of commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. The lease terms may include options to extend, terminate or buy out the lease. When it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise these options, the associated payments are included in ROU assets and the estimated lease liabilities. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes lease expense for leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for separately. For office and warehouse equipment leases, the Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate, such as insurance and property taxes, are excluded from the measurement of the lease liability and are recognized as variable lease cost when the obligation for that payment is incurred.
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The following table presents the location of the ROU assets and lease liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019:
Leases Consolidated Balance Sheet Location September 26, 2020 December 28, 2019
Assets
Operating
Other assets $ 271  $ 145 
Financing
Property and equipment-net(1)
327  333 
Total leased assets
$ 598  $ 478 
Liabilities
Current:
Operating
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 47  $ 40 
Financing
Current portion of long-term debt 93  95 
Noncurrent:
Operating
Other long-term liabilities 250  131 
Financing
Long-term debt 250  257 
Total lease liabilities
$ 640  $ 523 

(1)Financing lease assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $243 million and $269 million as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively.

The following table presents the location of lease costs in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income:
13 Weeks Ended 26 Weeks Ended
Lease Cost Statement of Comprehensive Income Location September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Operating lease cost Distribution, selling and administrative costs $ 10  $ 7  $ 36  $ 21 
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of leased assets
Distribution, selling and administrative costs 19  21  60  60 
Interest on lease liabilities
Interest expense-net 3  3  9  9 
Variable lease cost Distribution, selling and administrative costs 4  2  10  5 
Net lease cost $ 36  $ 33  $ 115  $ 95 
Future lease payments under lease agreements as of September 26, 2020 were as follows:
Maturity of Lease Liabilities Operating
Leases 		Financing Leases Total
Remainder of 2020 $ 11  $ 32  $ 43 
2021 62  93  155 
2022 56  70  126 
2023 54  67  121 
2024 35  50  85 
2025 34  31  65 
After 2025 164  25  189 
Total lease payments 416  368  784 
Less amount representing interest (119) (25) (144)
Present value of lease liabilities $ 297  $ 343  $ 640 
Future minimum lease payments in effect as of December 28, 2019 under noncancelable lease arrangements were as follows:
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Future Minimum Lease Payments Operating
Leases 		Financing Leases Total
2020 $ 48  $ 106  $ 154 
2021 38  84  122 
2022 33  62  95 
2023 30  58  88 
2024 12  41  53 
After 2024 42  29  71 
Total lease payments 203  380  583 
Less amount representing interest (32) (28) (60)
Present value of minimum lease payments $ 171  $ 352  $ 523 


Other information related to lease agreements for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019 was as follows:
39 Weeks Ended
Cash Paid For Amounts Included In Measurement of Liabilities September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 37  $ 24 
Operating cash flows from financing leases 9  9 
Financing cash flows from financing leases 72  49 
Lease Term and Discount Rate September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases
8.43 5.80
Financing leases
5.34 5.30
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases
6.7  % 4.6  %
Financing leases
3.2  % 3.5  %

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16.    RETIREMENT PLANS
The Company sponsors a defined benefit pension plan and a 401(k) plan for eligible employees, and provides certain postretirement health and welfare benefits to eligible retirees and their dependents. In connection with the Smart Foodservice acquisition, the Company assumed a defined benefit pension plan with net liabilities of approximately $20 million.
The components of net periodic pension benefit costs (credits) for Company sponsored defined benefit plans were as follows:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Components of net periodic pension benefit costs (credits)
Service cost
$ 1  $ 1  $ 2  $ 2 
Interest cost
8  10  23  28 
Expected return on plan assets
(14) (13) (40) (37)
Amortization of net loss
—  1  1  3 
Settlements —  3  —  3 
Net periodic pension benefit costs (credits) $ (5) $ 2  $ (14) $ (1)
Other postretirement benefit costs were de minimis for both the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019.
The service cost component of net periodic benefit credits is included in distribution, selling and administrative costs, while the other components of net periodic benefit credits are included in other income (expense)—net, respectively, in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
In the third quarter of 2019, the Company amended its defined benefit plan to offer certain terminated plan participants with vested benefits the opportunity to elect to receive an immediate lump sum payment. The Company incurred non-cash settlement charges of $3 million during the third quarter of 2019 related to ordinary course lump sum payment elections as provided under the continuing plan. The voluntary lump sum payment, along with a spin-off of certain participants into a new plan which was subsequently terminated, was completed in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2019. The 2019 non-cash settlement charges were included in other expense (income)—net in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. No non-cash settlement charges were incurred in fiscal year 2020.
The Company does not expect to make significant contributions to its defined benefit pension plan in fiscal year 2020.
Certain employees are eligible to participate in the Company's 401(k) plan. The Company made employer matching contributions to the 401(k) plan of $11 million and $13 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively, and $34 million and $38 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively.
The Company is also required to contribute to various multiemployer pension plans under the terms of collective bargaining agreements that cover certain of its union-represented employees. The Company’s contributions to these plans were $11 million and $10 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively, and $33 million and $28 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively.
17.    EARNINGS PER SHARE
The Company computes EPS in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding.
Diluted EPS is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock, plus the effect of potentially dilutive securities. The Company applies the treasury method to calculate the dilution impact of share-based awards—stock options, non-vested restricted shares with forfeitable dividend rights, restricted stock units, and employee stock purchase plan deferrals. The Company applies the if-converted method to calculate the dilution impact of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. For the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, share-based awards representing 9 million and 1 million underlying common shares, respectively, were not included in the computation because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, share-based awards representing 9 million and 2 million underlying common shares, respectively, were not included in the computation because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, convertible preferred stock representing 23 million and 12 million of underlying common shares, respectively, was not included in the computation because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
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The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Numerator:
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ 8  $ 105  $ (216) $ 292 
Income from discontinued operations —  1  —  1 
Net income (loss)
8  106  (216) 293 
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends (1)
10  —  15  — 
Net (loss) income available to common shareholders
$ (2) $ 106  $ (231) $ 293 
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
220  218  220  218 
Effect of dilutive securities
—  2  —  1 
Effect of dilutive underlying shares of the
   Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
—  —  —  — 
Weighted-average dilutive shares outstanding
220  220  220  219 
Basic earnings per share:
Continuing operations
$ (0.01) $ 0.48  $ (1.05) $ 1.33 
Discontinued operations 0.00  0.01  0.00  0.01 
Net (loss) income per share $ (0.01) $ 0.49  $ (1.05) $ 1.34 
Diluted earnings per share:
Continuing operations $ (0.01) $ 0.47  $ (1.05) $ 1.33 
Discontinued operations 0.00  0.01  0.00  0.01 
Net (loss) income per share
$ (0.01) $ 0.48  $ (1.05) $ 1.34 
(1)    Preferred stock dividends for the second quarter of 2020 were declared on June 19, 2020 and were paid in kind on June 30, 2020. Preferred stock dividends for the third quarter of 2020 were declared on September 21, 2020 and were paid in kind on September 30, 2020.
18.    CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
On May 6, 2020 (the “Issuance Date”), pursuant to the terms of an Investment Agreement (the "Investment Agreement") with KKR Fresh Aggregator L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“KKR”), the Company issued and sold 500,000 shares of the Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) to KKR for an aggregate purchase price of $500 million, or $1,000 per share (the “Issuance”). The Company used the net proceeds from the Issuance for working capital and general corporate purposes. On June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2020, the Company paid a dividend (the “Dividend”) on the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock in the form of 5,288 and 8,842 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, respectively, plus a de minimis amount in cash in lieu of fractional shares in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designations for the Series A Preferred Stock (the "Certificate of Designations").
The Series A Preferred Stock ranks senior to the shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), with respect to dividend rights and rights on the distribution of assets on any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Company. The Series A Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to a cumulative dividend at the rate of 7.0% per annum. If the Company does not declare and pay a dividend on the Series A Preferred Stock, the dividend rate will increase by 3.0% to 10.0% per annum until all accrued but unpaid dividends have been paid in full. Dividends are payable in kind through the issuance of additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock for the first four dividend payments following the Issuance Date, and thereafter, in cash or in kind, or a combination of both, at the option of the Company.
The Series A Preferred Stock is convertible at the option of the holders thereof at any time into shares of Common Stock at an initial conversion price of $21.50 per share and an initial conversion rate of 46.5116 shares of Common Stock per share of Series A Preferred Stock, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments set forth in the Certificate of Designations. At any time after May 6, 2023 (the third anniversary of the Issuance Date), if the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock exceeds $43.00 per share, as may be adjusted pursuant to the Certificate of Designations, for at least 20 trading days in any period of 30 consecutive trading days, at the election of the Company, all of the Series A Preferred Stock will be convertible into the relevant number of shares of Common Stock.
At any time after May 6, 2025 (the fifth anniversary of the Issuance Date), the Company may redeem some or all of the Series A Preferred Stock for a per share amount in cash equal to: (i) the sum of (x) 100% of the liquidation preference thereof, plus (y) all accrued and unpaid dividends, multiplied by (ii) (A) 105% if the redemption occurs at any time after the fifth anniversary of
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the Issuance Date and prior to the sixth anniversary of the Issuance Date, (B) 103% if the redemption occurs at any time after May 6, 2026 (the sixth anniversary of the Issuance Date) and prior to May 6, 2027 (the seventh anniversary of the Issuance Date), and (C) 100% if the redemption occurs at any time after May 6, 2027 (the seventh anniversary of the Issuance Date).
Upon certain change of control events involving the Company, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock must either (i) convert their shares of Series A Preferred Stock into Common Stock at the then-current conversion price or (ii) cause the Company to redeem their shares of Series A Preferred Stock for an amount in cash equal to 100% of the liquidation preference thereof plus all accrued but unpaid dividends. If any such change of control event occurs on or before May 6, 2025 (the fifth anniversary of the Issuance Date), the Company will also be required to pay the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock a “make-whole” premium of 5%.
Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to vote with the holders of the Common Stock on an as-converted basis. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are also entitled to a separate class vote with respect to, among other things, amendments to the Company’s organizational documents that have an adverse effect on the Series A Preferred Stock, authorization or issuances by the Company of securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series A Preferred Stock, increases or decreases in the number of authorized shares of Series A Preferred Stock, and issuances of shares of Series A Preferred Stock after the Issuance Date, other than shares issued as in-kind dividends with respect to shares of the Series A Preferred Stock issued after the Issuance Date.
A summary of the activity for the outstanding Series A Preferred Stock and associated carrying value for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 was as follows:
Series A Preferred Stock
Shares Amount
Balance, December 28, 2019 — $ — 
Shares issued for cash - Series A Preferred Stock, net of issuance costs 500,000 491
Balance, June 27, 2020 500,000 491
Shares issued as paid in kind dividend - Series A Preferred Stock 5,288 5
Balance September 26, 2020 505,288 $ 496 
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19.    CHANGES IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The following table presents changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the periods presented:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Accumulated other comprehensive loss components
Retirement benefit obligations:
Balance as of beginning of period (1)
$ (51) $ (95) $ (52) $ (97)
Reclassification adjustments:
Amortization of net loss(2) (3)
—  1  1  3 
Settlements(2)(3)
—  3  —  3 
Total before income tax
—  4  1  6 
Income tax provision
—  1  —  1 
Current period comprehensive income, net of tax
—  3  1  5 
Balance as of end of period(1)
$ (51) $ (92) $ (51) $ (92)
Interest rate swaps:
Balance as of beginning of period (1)
$ (8) $ (1) $ (2) $ 13 
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps
—  (1) (10) (15)
Amounts reclassified to interest expense—net
2  (1) 4  (5)
Total before income tax
2  (2) (6) (20)
Income tax benefit
—  (1) (2) (5)
Current period comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
2  (1) (4) (15)
Balance as of end of period(1)
$ (6) $ (2) $ (6) $ (2)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss as of end of period(1)
$ (57) $ (94) $ (57) $ (94)
(1)    Amounts are presented net of tax.
(2)    Included in the computation of net periodic benefit costs. See Note 16, Retirement Plans, for additional information.
(3)    Included in other income (expense)—net in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
20.    RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
    As described in Note 18, Convertible Preferred Stock, on May 6, 2020, the Company issued and sold 500,000 shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock to KKR for an aggregate purchase price of $500 million, or $1,000 per share. Assuming conversion of all Series A Preferred Stock, KKR would have held approximately 9.6% of the Company’s outstanding common stock as of September 26, 2020.
    KKR Capital Markets LLC (“KKR Capital Markets”), an affiliate of KKR, received aggregate fees of $6 million for services rendered in connection with the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility, the Secured Notes and the ABL Facility amendment financings during the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020. KKR Capital Markets also received $5 million for services rendered in connection with the May 2019 refinancing of the ABL Facility and the 2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility during the 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019. As reported by the Company’s administrative agent, investment funds managed by an affiliate of KKR held approximately $64 million in principal amount of the Company's term loan facilities as of September 26, 2020.
Based solely on information provided in its most recent public filings, FMR LLC and its affiliates held approximately 11% of the Company’s outstanding common stock as of September 26, 2020. As reported by the Company’s administrative agent, investment funds managed by an affiliate of FMR LLC held approximately $60 million in principal amount of the Company's term loan facilities as of September 26, 2020. Certain FMR LLC affiliates provide recordkeeping services for the Company’s 401(k) plan and provide administrative services for other Company sponsored employee benefit plans. Fees earned by FMR LLC affiliates are not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
21.    INCOME TAXES
The determination of the Company’s overall effective income tax rate requires the use of estimates. The effective income tax rate reflects the income earned and taxed in U.S. federal and various state jurisdictions based on enacted tax law, permanent differences between book and tax items, tax credits and the Company’s change in relative income in each jurisdiction.
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The Company estimated its annual effective income tax rate for the full fiscal year and applied the annual effective income tax rate to the results of the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019 for purposes of determining its year-to-date tax provision.
For the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020, the Company's effective income tax rate of 58% differed from the 21% federal corporate income tax rate primarily as a result of state income taxes and the recognition of various discrete tax items. Because pre-tax income for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 was $21 million, all tax adjustments had a significant impact on a percentage basis on the effective income tax rate. The discrete tax items were not material individually or in the aggregate; however, when compared to the pre-tax income of $21 million for the period on a percentage basis, these tax items had a significant impact on the effective tax rate. For the 13 weeks ended September 28, 2019, the Company's effective income tax rate of 27% differed from the 21% federal corporate income tax rate primarily as a result of state income taxes and the recognition of various discrete tax items. These discrete tax items included a tax expense of $2 million, primarily related to a change in valuation allowance.
For the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, the Company's effective income tax rate of 20% differed from the 21% federal corporate income tax rate primarily as a result of state income taxes and the recognition of various discrete tax items. These discrete tax items included a tax expense of $2 million primarily related to an increase in an unrecognized tax benefit and a tax expense of $2 million, primarily related to a tax benefit shortfall associated with share-based compensation. For the 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019, the Company's effective income tax rate of 25% differed from the 21% federal corporate income tax rate primarily as a result of state income taxes and the recognition of various discrete tax items. These discrete tax items included a tax benefit of $3 million, primarily related to excess tax benefits associated with share-based compensation.
22. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Purchase Commitments—The Company enters into purchase orders with vendors and other parties in the ordinary course of business and has a limited number of purchase contracts with certain vendors that require it to buy a predetermined volume of products. The Company had $1,119 million of purchase orders and purchase contract commitments to be purchased through the first quarter of fiscal year 2021 as of September 26, 2020 and $63 million of information technology commitments through December 2024 that are not recorded in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
To minimize fuel price risk, the Company enters into forward purchase commitments for a portion of its projected diesel fuel requirements. The Company had diesel fuel forward purchase commitments totaling $71 million through December 2021, as of September 26, 2020. Additionally, the Company had electricity forward purchase commitments totaling $5 million through November 2023, as of September 26, 2020. The Company does not measure its forward purchase commitments for fuel and electricity at fair value, as the amounts under contract meet the physical delivery criteria in the normal purchase exception.
Legal Proceedings—The Company is subject to a number of legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. These legal proceedings, whether pending, threatened or unasserted, if decided adversely to or settled by the Company, may result in liabilities material to its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. The Company has recognized provisions with respect to the proceedings, where appropriate, in its Consolidated Balance Sheets. It is possible that the Company could settle one or more of these proceedings or could be required to make expenditures, in excess of the established provisions, in amounts that cannot be reasonably estimated. However, the Company, at present, believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
23.    BUSINESS INFORMATION
The Company’s consolidated results represent the results of its one business segment based on how the Company’s chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, views the business for purposes of evaluating performance and making operating decisions.
The Company markets and distributes fresh, frozen and dry food and non-food products to foodservice customers throughout the U.S. The Company uses a centralized management structure, and its strategies and initiatives are implemented and executed consistently across the organization to maximize value to the organization as a whole. The Company uses shared resources for sales, procurement, and general and administrative activities across each of its distribution facilities and operations. The Company’s distribution facilities form a single network to reach its customers; it is common for a single customer to make purchases from several different distribution facilities. Capital projects, whether for cost savings or generating incremental revenue, are evaluated based on estimated economic returns to the organization as a whole.
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Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Dollar amounts presented in millions, unless otherwise noted)
The following discussion and analysis should be read together with the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report and the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto in the 2019 Annual Report. The following discussion and analysis contain certain financial measures that are not required by, or presented in accordance with GAAP. We believe these non-GAAP measures provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance because these non-GAAP measures exclude amounts that our management does not consider part of our core operations when assessing our performance and underlying trends. Information regarding reconciliations of and the rationale for these measures is discussed under “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” below.
Overview
At US Foods, our promise is to help customers Make It by providing the innovative products and easy-to-use technology solutions they need to operate their businesses profitably. This promise is supported by our GREAT FOOD. MADE EASY.™ strategy. We operate as one business with standardized business processes, shared systems infrastructure, and an organizational model that optimizes national scale with local execution, allowing us to manage the business as a single operating segment. We have centralized activities where scale matters and our local field structure focuses on customer facing activities.
We supply approximately 300,000 customer locations nationwide. These customer locations include independently owned single and multi-unit restaurants, regional restaurant chains, national restaurant chains, hospitals, nursing homes, hotels and motels, country clubs, government and military organizations, colleges and universities, and retail locations. We provide more than 400,000 fresh, frozen, and dry food stock-keeping units, or SKUs, as well as non-food items, sourced from approximately 6,000 suppliers. Approximately 3,000 sales associates manage customer relationships at local, regional, and national levels. Our sales associates are supported by sophisticated marketing and category management capabilities, as well as a sales support team that includes world-class chefs and restaurant operations consultants, new business development managers and others that help us provide more comprehensive service to our customers. Our extensive network of approximately 70 distribution facilities and fleet of approximately 7,000 trucks, along with over 70 cash and carry locations, allow us to operate efficiently and provide high levels of customer service. This operating model allows us to leverage our nationwide scale and footprint while executing locally.
COVID-19 Update
In March 2020, the World Health Organization characterized a novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, as a pandemic amidst a rising number of confirmed cases and thousands of deaths worldwide. As of December 28, 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic had not had a significant impact on our business. However, since mid-March 2020, our business has been significantly impacted. In March 2020, many countries, including the United States, took steps to restrict travel, temporarily close or enforce capacity restrictions in businesses, schools and other public gathering spaces. Restrictions on public gatherings and attendance at retail or other establishments, including restaurants, and recreational, sporting and other similar venues, continue to evolve and are expected to continue to remain in effect in some capacity until the COVID-19 pandemic has abated. These government mandates have forced many of our customers to seek government support in order to continue operating, to drastically curtail their dining options, to temporarily suspend operations or to cease operations entirely. Currently, there is no vaccine for COVID-19, and it remains unclear when and to what extent the COVID-19 pandemic will fully abate.
Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business
The COVID-19 pandemic has and will continue to adversely impact our sales and liquidity (in particular, decreases in restaurant, hospitality and education case volume). In mid-March 2020, the operations of our restaurant, hospitality and education customers were suddenly and significantly disrupted by the spread of COVID-19 and the corresponding decline in consumer demand for food prepared away from home. Since that time, many of our customers were required by governmental authorities to temporarily close locations or only offer limited dining options such as carryout and delivery in an effort to reduce the spread of COVID-19, while others temporarily closed locations voluntarily or ceased operations entirely due to decreased consumer demand. While many of these government mandates started to loosen in May and June 2020 to varying degrees, restrictions still remain in place.
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures implemented to mitigate its spread, we have experienced decreased demand for our products, resulting in lower than anticipated net sales and total case volumes beginning in mid-March 2020 through the second quarter of 2020. We have seen some improvement in net sales and total case volumes during the third quarter of 2020, as a result of loosened restrictions and shifts to outdoor dining. However, demand remains lower than 2019 levels and we expect this trend to continue for at least the remainder of 2020. Total case volumes were down approximately 8.9% and 11.4% for the 13 and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, respectively, compared to the prior year. As further described below, our gross profit, net income and Adjusted EBITDA also decreased on a year over year basis as the Company worked to adjust its cost structure in line with the reduced level of sales.

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Recent Activity and Sector Perspectives
We are optimistic about the long-term prospects for our business. US Foods operates in a large and essential industry with a highly diversified set of end consumers. While some of our core customer groups (such as restaurants, hospitality and education) have been more significantly affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, other customer groups (such as healthcare, government, retail and cash and carry) have been less significantly affected. Although the timetable for returning to normalcy is unknown, we believe that our case volumes will increase over time as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic slowly dissipate, consumer demand for food prepared away from home increases, educational institutions resume in-person learning, and the hospitality industry recovers.
As one of the larger companies in our industry, we believe we are well positioned for long-term success as the fragmented nature of our industry and the current environment create new opportunities for companies with the size and resources of US Foods. We believe we are differentiated from many of our competitors on a number of fronts including our national footprint, diversified omni-channel platform, strong technology capabilities and value-added service offerings, all of which have allowed us to continue to serve our customers under these unprecedented conditions. During these difficult times, we are proactively supporting our customers by helping our restaurant and hospitality customers adapt to social distancing restrictions with tools and resources to build and manage carryout and delivery capabilities. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have developed additional innovative services, such as customer education webinars on the CARES Act (defined below), assistance with recovery plans for location re-openings, and the creation of unique pantry kits to allow restaurants to continue servicing consumers. Our product development efforts remain in full force and we continue to deliver product innovations that resonate with our customers. In addition, we are working with many of our customers to provide them with repayment plans to enable them to continue to purchase products from us as they pay down their balances on outstanding invoices.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing decrease in total case volume, we have evolved our business focus and cost structure. We have taken a number of steps to secure new customer relationships and expand our market share, reduce fixed and variable operating costs on a temporary and permanent basis, and strengthen our liquidity position. We also have the ability to take further cost reduction actions on a temporary basis depending upon the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Even so, there is no certainty that such measures, or any additional actions that we may take in the future, will be successful in mitigating the impact of the pandemic on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to deferment of employer-side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations, technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property and federally backed loans to qualifying small-businesses. US Foods has benefited from certain provisions under the aforementioned CARES Act and many of our customers are benefiting from the federally backed small business loan program.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is fluid and continues to evolve, and therefore, we cannot currently predict the extent to which our business, results of operations or financial condition will ultimately be impacted. In particular, we cannot predict the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will affect our business, results of operation or financial condition in the long term because the duration and severity of the pandemic and its negative impact on the economy (including our customers) is unclear. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on us will also be dependent on: the resiliency of the restaurant and hospitality industry and consumer spending more broadly; actions taken by national, state and local governments to contain the disease or treat its impact, including travel restrictions and bans, social distancing requirements, required closures of non-essential businesses and aid and economic stimulus efforts; and any prolonged economic recession resulting from the pandemic. If our customers, particularly independent restaurants, continue to experience adverse business consequences due to the COVID-19 pandemic, some may shut down or discontinue their operations permanently, which would impact the demand for our services and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. While economic and operating conditions for our business improved in the third quarter compared to the second quarter, we do not expect to see pre-COVID-19 levels of operation until all government restrictions are lifted and consumers are once again willing and able to resume consumption of food away from home, travel and attend sporting and other events on a regular basis. This recovery may not occur until well after the pandemic abates and the broader economy begins to improve.

As expected, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted our financial performance for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020. The first quarter of 2020 was not significantly impacted, as the impact of the pandemic only manifested itself during the last two to three weeks of the first quarter. The second quarter of 2020 was the most significantly impacted by the pandemic, as government mandates on our customers to temporarily close or limit dining options occurred during the second quarter. The third quarter of 2020 showed signs of recovery as compared to the second quarter, as government restrictions were loosened to various degrees in certain states during the third quarter. However, we expect the pandemic and its effects to continue to have a significant adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations for the duration of the pandemic and, if the subsequent economic recovery is slow and gradual, throughout substantial portions of that recovery.
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Operating Metrics
Case growth—Case growth, by customer type (e.g., independent restaurants) is reported as of a point in time. Customers periodically are reclassified, based on changes in size or other characteristics, and when those changes occur, the respective customer’s historical volume follows its new classification.
Organic growth—Organic growth includes growth from operating business that has been reflected in our results of operations for at least 12 months.
Highlights
Financial Highlights—Total case volume for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 decreased 8.9% and 11.4%, respectively, and independent restaurant case volume decreased 6.8% and 13.7%, respectively, for those same periods. Net sales decreased $683 million, or 10.5%, and $2,258 million, or 11.9% for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, respectively. The negative impact of COVID-19 on case volumes was partially offset by contributions from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions. Contributions to aggregate net sales from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions were $876 million and $2,262 million for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, respectively. Net sales for the Food Group and Smart Foodservice were also impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, albeit to different degrees.
Gross profit decreased $182 million, or 15.7%, to $974 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and decreased $639 million, or 19.1%, to $2,711 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, primarily as a result of the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume, and product donations and inventory adjustments, partially offset by contributions from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions.
As a percentage of net sales, gross profit was 16.7% for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020, compared to 17.7% for the prior year period and was 16.2% for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, compared to 17.6% for the prior year period.
Total operating expenses decreased $72 million, or 7.4%, to $896 million for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020. The decrease was primarily due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume and the related impact of cost actions put in place at the end of March 2020 and a $17 million gain on the sale of excess land. Additionally, during the 13 weeks ended March 28, 2020, the Company recorded an incremental reserve of $170 million for the provision for doubtful accounts, of which, $30 million was reversed during the third quarter of 2020, in addition to the $75 million that was reversed during the second quarter of 2020, based on better than anticipated collection of our pre-COVID-19 accounts receivable. These decreases were partially offset by the inclusion of operating expenses from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions, $14 million of restructuring costs associated with work force reductions due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume, and $9 million of asset impairment charges on certain trade names related to the Food Group acquisition.
Total operating expenses decreased $19 million, or 0.7%, to $2,818 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020. The decrease was primarily due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume and the related impact of costs actions put in place at the end of March 2020. These decreases were partially offset by a higher provision for doubtful accounts due to the impact of COVID-19, operating expenses from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions, $30 million of restructuring costs associated with work force reductions due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume, and $9 million of asset impairment charges on certain trade names related to the Food Group acquisition.
Smart Foodservice Acquisition—On April 24, 2020, USF completed the acquisition of Smart Foodservice. Total consideration paid at the closing of the acquisition was $973 million (net of cash acquired), and is subject to certain customary post-closing adjustments. The acquisition of Smart Foodservice expands the Company’s cash and carry business in the West and Northwest parts of the U.S. The assets, liabilities and results of operations of Smart Foodservice have been included in our consolidated financial statements since the date the acquisition was completed.
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Results of Operations
The following table presents selected historical results of operations for the periods indicated:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
Net sales $ 5,848  $ 6,531  $ 16,747  $ 19,005 
Cost of goods sold 4,874  5,375  14,036  15,655 
Gross profit 974  1,156  2,711  3,350 
Operating expenses:
Distribution, selling and administrative costs
873  968  2,779  2,837 
Restructuring and asset impairment charges
23  —  39  — 
Total operating expenses 896  968  2,818  2,837 
Operating income (loss) 78  188  (107) 513 
Other (income) expense—net (6) 1  (16) (3)
Interest expense—net 63  43  178  127 
Income (loss) before income taxes 21  144  (269) 389 
Income tax provision (benefit) 13  39  (53) 97 
Income (loss) from continuing operations 8  105  (216) 292 
Income from discontinued operations —  1  —  1 
Net income (loss) $ 8  $ 106  $ (216) $ 293 
Percentage of Net Sales:
Gross profit
16.7  % 17.7  % 16.2  % 17.6  %
Operating expenses
15.3  % 14.8  % 16.8  % 14.9  %
Operating income (loss)
1.3  % 2.9  % (0.6) % 2.7  %
Net income (loss)
0.1  % 1.6  % (1.3) % 1.5  %
Adjusted EBITDA(1)
3.6  % 4.7  % 2.8  % 4.5  %
Other Data:
Cash flows—operating activities
$ (237) $ 165  $ 533  $ 559 
Cash flows—investing activities
9  (1,875) (1,087) (1,977)
Cash flows—financing activities
(429) 1,711  1,475  1,411 
Capital expenditures
23  47  154  157 
EBITDA(1)
193  275  225  777 
Adjusted EBITDA(1)
209  307  474  859 
Adjusted net income available to common shareholders(1)
32  143  10  378 
Free cash flow(2)
(260) 118  379  402 
(1)    EBITDA is defined as net (loss) income, plus interest expense—net, income tax provision, and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA adjusted for: (1) restructuring and asset impairment charges; (2) share-based compensation expense; (3) the non-cash impact of LIFO reserve adjustments; (4) business transformation costs; and (5) other gains, losses, or charges as specified in the agreements governing our indebtedness. Adjusted net income available to common shareholders is defined as net income excluding the items used to calculate Adjusted EBITDA listed above and further adjusted for the tax effect of the exclusions and discrete tax items and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends. EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted net income available to common shareholders as presented in this Quarterly Report are supplemental measures of our performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. These are not measurements of our performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net (loss) income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP. For additional information, see the discussion under the caption “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” below.
(2)     Free cash flow is defined as cash flows provided by operating activities less capital expenditures. Free cash flow as presented in this Quarterly Report is a supplemental measure of our liquidity that is not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. It is not a measurement of our liquidity under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flows provided by operating activities or any other liquidity measures derived in accordance with GAAP. For additional information, see the discussion under the caption “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” below.
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Non-GAAP Reconciliations
We provide EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted net income available to common shareholders and Free cash flow as supplemental measures to GAAP financial measures regarding our operating performance and liquidity. These non-GAAP financial measures, as defined above, exclude the impact of certain items and, therefore, have not been calculated in accordance with GAAP.
We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance because these measures exclude amounts that we do not consider part of our core operating results when assessing our performance.
We believe that Adjusted net income available to common shareholders is a useful measure of operating performance for both management and investors because it excludes items that are not reflective of our core operating performance and provides an additional view of our operating performance including depreciation, interest expense, income taxes and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends on a consistent basis from period to period. We believe that Adjusted net income available to common shareholders may be used by investors, analysts and other interested parties to facilitate period-over-period comparisons and provides additional clarity as to how factors and trends impact our operating performance.
Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures (1) to evaluate our historical and prospective financial performance as well as our performance relative to our competitors as these measures assist in highlighting trends, (2) to set internal sales targets and spending budgets, (3) to measure operational profitability and the accuracy of forecasting, (4) to assess financial discipline over operational expenditures, and (5) as an important factor in determining variable compensation for management and employees. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are also used in connection with certain covenants and activity restrictions under the agreements governing our indebtedness. We also believe these and similar non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by securities analysts, investors, and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry. EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted net income available to common shareholders are not measurements of our performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP.
We use Free cash flow as a supplemental measure to GAAP financial measures regarding the liquidity of our operations. We measure Free cash flow as cash flows provided by operating activities less capital expenditures. We believe that Free cash flow is a useful financial metric to assess our ability to pursue business opportunities and investments. Free cash flow is not a measure of our liquidity under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flows provided by operating activities or any other liquidity measures derived in accordance with GAAP.
We caution readers that amounts presented in accordance with our definitions of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted net income available to common shareholders, and Free cash flow may not be the same as similar measures used by other companies. Not all companies and analysts calculate EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted net income available to common shareholders or Free cash flow in the same manner. We compensate for these limitations by using these non-GAAP financial measures as supplements to GAAP financial measures and by presenting the reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable GAAP financial measures.
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The following table reconciles EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted net income available to common shareholders and Free cash flow to the most directly comparable GAAP financial performance and liquidity measures for the periods indicated:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Net (loss) income available to common shareholders $ (2) $ 106  $ (231) $ 293 
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends (see Note 18) 10  —  15  — 
Net income (loss) 8  106  (216) 293 
Interest expense—net 63  43  178  127 
Income tax provision (benefit) 13  39  (53) 97 
Depreciation expense 88  75  257  228 
Amortization expense 21  12  59  32 
EBITDA 193  275  225  777 
Adjustments:
Restructuring and asset impairment charges(1)
23  —  39  — 
Share-based compensation expense(2)
10  7  29  22 
LIFO reserve change(3)
3  1  9  13 
Business transformation costs(4)
—  3  8  6 
COVID-19 bad debt (benefit) expense(5)
(30) —  65  — 
COVID-19 product donations and inventory adjustments(5)
—  —  40  — 
COVID-19 other related expenses(5)
4  —  15  — 
Income from discontinued operations(6)
—  (1) —  (1)
Business acquisition and integration related costs and other(7)
6  22  44  42 
Adjusted EBITDA 209  307  474  859 
Depreciation expense
(88) (75) (257) (228)
Interest expense—net
(63) (43) (178) (127)
Income tax provision, as adjusted(8)
(16) (46) (14) (126)
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends (see Note 18)
(10) —  (15) — 
Adjusted net income available to common shareholders $ 32  $ 143  $ 10  $ 378 
Free cash flow
Cash flows from operating activities
$ (237) $ 165  $ 533  $ 559 
Capital expenditures
(23) (47) (154) (157)
Free cash flow
$ (260) $ 118  $ 379  $ 402 
(1)    Consists primarily of severance and related costs, organizational realignment costs and asset impairment charges.
(2)    Share-based compensation expense for stock and option awards and discounts provided under employee stock purchase plan.
(3)    Represents the non-cash impact of LIFO reserve adjustments.
(4)    Consists primarily of costs related to significant process and systems redesign across multiple functions.
(5)    Includes COVID-19 related gains, losses or costs as specified under the agreements governing our indebtedness.
(6)    Consists of income net of income taxes from the Divested Assets.
(7)    Includes: (i) Smart Foodservice acquisition and integration related costs of less than $1 million and $20 million for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, respectively; (ii) Food Group acquisition and integration related costs of $4 million and $23 million for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, respectively, and $17 million and $35 million for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019, respectively; and (iii) gains, losses or costs as specified under the agreements governing our indebtedness.
(8)    Represents our income tax provision adjusted for the tax effect of pre-tax items excluded from Adjusted net income available to common shareholders and the removal of applicable discrete tax items. Applicable discrete tax items include changes in tax laws or rates, changes related to prior year unrecognized tax benefits, discrete changes in valuation allowances, and excess tax benefits associated with share-based compensation. The tax effect of pre-tax items excluded from Adjusted net income is computed using a corporate income tax rate after considering the impact of permanent differences and valuation allowances.
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A reconciliation between the GAAP income tax (benefit) provision and the income tax provision, as adjusted, is as follows:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019 September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
GAAP income tax provision (benefit) $ 13  $ 39  $ (53) $ 97 
Tax impact of pre-tax income adjustments 3  10  72  27 
Discrete tax items —  (3) (5) 2 
Income tax provision, as adjusted $ 16  $ 46  $ 14  $ 126 
Comparison of Results
13 Weeks Ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019
Highlights
•Total case volume decreased 8.9% and independent restaurant case volume decreased 6.8%, reflecting the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volumes, partially offset by contributions from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice in 2020.
•Net sales decreased $683 million, or 10.5%, to $5,848 million in 2020.
•Operating income decreased $110 million, or 58.5%, to $78 million in 2020.
•Net income decreased $98 million, or 92.5%, to $8 million in 2020.
•Adjusted EBITDA decreased $98 million, or 31.9%, to $209 million in 2020. As a percentage of net sales, Adjusted EBITDA was 3.6% in 2020, compared to 4.7% in 2019.
Net Sales
Total case volume decreased 8.9% in 2020. The negative impact of COVID-19 on case volumes was partially offset by contributions from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions. Organic case volume decreased 22.2% and organic independent restaurant case volume decreased 20.0%.
Net sales decreased $683 million, or 10.5%, to $5,848 million in 2020, comprised of a $584 million, or 8.9%, decrease in case volume and a $99 million, or 1.6%, decrease in the overall net sales rate per case. The decrease in net sales rate per case primarily reflects changes in our sales mix partially offset by a year-over-year inflation of 2.2%. The year-over-year increase in inflation primarily reflects inflation in multiple product categories including beef, cheese and disposables, which benefited net sales since a significant portion of our sales is based on markups over product cost. Sales of private brands represented approximately 34% and 35% of net sales in 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Food Group and Smart Foodservice contributed aggregate net sales of $876 million in 2020.
Gross Profit
Gross profit decreased $182 million, or 15.7%, to $974 million in 2020, primarily as a result of the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume, and unfavorable year-over-year LIFO adjustments, and was partially offset by contributions from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions. Our LIFO method of inventory costing resulted in an expense of $3 million in 2020 compared to expense of $1 million in 2019. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 16.7% in 2020, compared to 17.7% in 2019.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses, comprised of distribution, selling and administrative and restructuring and asset impairment costs, decreased $72 million or 7.4%, to $896 million in 2020. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales were 15.3% in 2020, compared to 14.8% in 2019. The decrease in operating expenses is primarily due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume and the related impact of cost actions put in place, and a $30 million reduction in the provision for doubtful accounts as a result of more favorable than anticipated collection of our pre-COVID-19 accounts receivable and a $17 million gain on the sale of excess land. These decreases were partially offset by operating expenses for the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions of $140 million in the aggregate, $14 million of restructuring costs associated with work force reductions due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume, and $9 million of asset impairment charges. The $9 million of asset impairment charges relate to the decline in fair value of certain trade names acquired as part of the Food Group acquisition primarily due to the adverse impact of COVID-19 on forecasted earnings and the discount rate utilized in our valuation models. The Food Group will continue to remain a key focus in expanding our network in the West and Northwest parts of the United States.
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Operating Income
Our operating income was $78 million in 2020, compared to operating income of $188 million in 2019. The decrease in operating income was due to the factors discussed in the relevant sections above.
Other Income (Expense)—Net
Other income (expense)—net includes components of net periodic pension benefit credits, exclusive of the service cost component associated with our defined benefit and other postretirement plans. We recognized other income—net of $6 million in 2020. We recognized other expense—net of $1 million in 2019, including $3 million of non-cash settlement charges resulting from lump sum payments to former participants in our defined benefit pension plan. The increase in other income—net in 2020 is primarily due to the improved funded status of our defined benefit pension plan as of December 28, 2019.
Interest Expense—Net
Interest expense—net increased $20 million to $63 million in 2020, primarily due to an increase in our indebtedness to finance the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions and to strengthen our liquidity position, which were partially offset by a decrease in benchmark interest rates in 2020 compared to 2019.
Income Taxes
For the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020, our effective income tax rate of 58% differed from the 21% federal corporate income tax rate primarily as a result of state income taxes and the recognition of various discrete tax items. Because pre-tax income for the 13 weeks ended September 26, 2020 was $21 million, all tax adjustments had a significant impact on a percentage basis on the effective income tax rate. The discrete tax items were not material individually or in the aggregate; however, when compared to the pre-tax income of $21 million for the period on a percentage basis, these tax items had a significant impact on the effective tax rate. For the 13 weeks ended September 28, 2019, our effective income tax rate of 27% differed from the 21% federal corporate income tax rate primarily as a result of state income taxes and the recognition of various discrete tax items. These discrete tax items included a tax expense of $2 million, primarily related to a change in valuation allowance.
Net Income
Our net income was $8 million in 2020, compared to net income of $106 million in 2019. The decrease in net income was due to the relevant factors discussed above.

39 Weeks Ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019
Highlights
•Total case volume decreased 11.4% and independent restaurant case volume decreased 13.7%, reflecting the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volumes, partially offset by contributions from Smart Foodservice and the Food Group in 2020.
•Net sales decreased $2,258 million, or 11.9%, to $16,747 million in 2020.
•Operating loss was $107 million in 2020, compared to operating income of $513 million in 2019.
•Net loss was $216 million in 2020, compared to net income of $293 million in 2019.
•Adjusted EBITDA decreased $385 million, or 44.8%, to $474 million in 2020. As a percentage of net sales, Adjusted EBITDA was 2.8% in 2020, compared to 4.5% in 2019.

Net Sales
Total case volume decreased 11.4% in 2020. The decrease was due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volumes which was partially offset by contributions from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice. Organic case volume decreased 23.5% and organic independent restaurant case volume decreased 24.0%.
Net sales decreased $2,258 million, or 11.9%, to $16,747 million in 2020, comprised of a $2,158 million, or 11.4%, decrease in case volume and a $100 million, or 0.5%, decrease in the overall net sales rate per case. The decrease in net sales rate per case primarily reflects changes in our sales mix partially offset by a year-over-year inflation of 1.9%. The year-over-year increase in inflation primarily reflects inflation in multiple product categories including beef, cheese and disposables, which benefited net sales since a significant portion of our sales is based on markups over product cost. Sales of private brands represented approximately 35% of net
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sales in both 2020 and 2019. The Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions contributed aggregate net sales of $2,262 million in 2020.
Gross Profit
Gross profit decreased $639 million, or 19.1%, to $2,711 million in 2020, primarily as a result of the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume and $40 million of product donations and inventory adjustments, and was partially offset by contributions from the Food Group and Smart Foodservice and favorable year-over-year LIFO adjustments. Our LIFO method of inventory costing resulted in an expense of $9 million in 2020 compared to expense of $13 million in 2019. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 16.2% in 2020, compared to 17.6% in 2019.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses, comprised of distribution, selling and administrative and restructuring and asset impairment costs, decreased $19 million or 0.7%, to $2,818 million in 2020. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales were 16.8% in 2020, compared to 14.9% in 2019. The decrease in operating expenses is primarily due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume and the related impact of cost actions put into place and a $17 million gain on the sale of excess land. These decreases were partially offset by operating expenses for the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions of $369 million, a $65 million increase in the provision for doubtful accounts due to the estimated impact of COVID-19 on the collectability of accounts receivable, $30 million of restructuring costs associated with work force reductions due to the negative impact of COVID-19 on case volume, and $9 million of asset impairment charges. The $9 million of asset impairment charges relate to the decline in fair value of certain trade names acquired as part of the Food Group acquisition primarily due to the adverse impact of COVID-19 on forecasted earnings and the discount rate utilized in our valuation models. The Food Group will continue to remain a key focus in expanding our network in the West and Northwest parts of the United States.
Operating (Loss) Income
Our operating loss was $107 million in 2020, compared to operating income of $513 million in 2019. The decrease in operating income was due to the factors discussed in the relevant sections above.
Other Income—Net
Other income—net includes components of net periodic pension benefit credits, exclusive of the service cost component associated with our defined benefit and other postretirement plans. We recognized other income—net of $16 million and $3 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in other income—net in 2020 is primarily due to the improved funded status of our defined benefit pension plan as of December 28, 2019.
Interest Expense—Net
Interest expense—net increased $51 million to $178 million in 2020, primarily due to an increase in our indebtedness to finance the Food Group and Smart Foodservice acquisitions and to strengthen our liquidity position, which were partially offset by a decrease in benchmark interest rates in 2020 compared to 2019.
Income Taxes
For the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, our effective income tax rate of 20% differed from the 21% federal corporate income tax rate primarily as a result of state income taxes and the recognition of various discrete tax items. These discrete tax items included tax expense of $2 million primarily related to an increase in an unrecognized tax benefit and tax expense of $2 million, primarily related to a tax benefit shortfall associated with share-based compensation. For the 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019, our effective income tax rate of 25% differed from the 21% federal corporate income tax rate primarily as a result of state income taxes and the recognition of various discrete tax items. These discrete tax items included a tax benefit of $3 million, primarily related to excess tax benefits associated with share-based compensation.
Net (Loss) Income
Our net loss was $216 million in 2020, compared to net income of $293 million in 2019. The decrease in net income was due to the relevant factors discussed above.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our ongoing operations and strategic objectives require working capital and continuing capital investment. Our primary sources of liquidity include cash provided by operations, as well as access to capital from bank borrowings and other types of debt and financing arrangements.
In response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, in March 2020 we borrowed an aggregate of $300 million under the former ABS Facility and $700 million under the ABL Facility. These borrowings were made for the purpose of increasing cash on hand and to preserve financial flexibility in light of the current economic and business uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. We have taken additional action during the 39 week period ended September 26, 2020 to further strengthen our liquidity. In particular:
•on April 24, 2020, we borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $700 million under the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility, the proceeds of which were used to finance, in part, the Smart Foodservice acquisition;
•on April 28, 2020, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $1.0 billion of 6.25% Secured Notes due 2025, the proceeds of which were used to repay $400 million in principal amount of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility and the balance of the net proceeds has been and will be used for general corporate purposes;
•on May 1, 2020, we used $542 million of cash on hand to repay all of our outstanding borrowings under the ABS Facility in full and terminated the ABS Facility; in connection with the repayment and termination of the ABS Facility, we transitioned the accounts receivable that secured the ABS Facility to the collateral pool that secures the ABL Facility;
•on May 4, 2020, we entered into an amendment to the credit agreement governing the ABL Facility pursuant to which certain of our lenders agreed to increase their aggregate commitments by $390 million to a total commitment of $1,990 million; and
•on May 6, 2020, we completed the issuance and sale of 500,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock to KKR for an aggregate price of $500 million, the proceeds of which were used for working capital and general corporate purposes.
After giving effect to the transactions described above, we believe that we will have sufficient liquidity to fund our operations and meet ordinary course obligations through 2021 even if total case volumes decline to the levels seen in April of this year and remained at those levels until the middle of 2021. We cannot, however, assure you that this will be the case. We may pursue additional capital raise transactions at some point in the future if we determine that it would be advisable to further strengthen our liquidity position. We make no assurance, however, that we will be able to raise any additional capital in the future on satisfactory terms or at all. Our continued access to sources of liquidity depends on multiple factors, including economic conditions, the condition of financial markets, the availability of sufficient amounts of financing, our operating performance and our credit ratings. A rating agency announced a downgrade to our credit ratings in September 2020. Our access to additional capital and the cost of any future financing transactions could be negatively impacted by this downgrade or any future downgrade or if financing sources were to ascribe higher credit risk to us or our industry. In addition, the effect of COVID-19 on the capital markets could significantly impact our future cost of borrowing and the availability of additional capital to us.
Indebtedness
The aggregate carrying value of our indebtedness was $5,787 million, net of $64 million of unamortized deferred financing costs, as of September 26, 2020.
As discussed above, on May 1, 2020 we terminated the ABS Facility and transitioned the accounts receivable that secured the ABS Facility to the collateral pool that secures the ABL Facility and, on May 4, 2020, we entered into an amendment to our ABL Facility which increased the aggregate commitments by $390 million to a total commitment of $1,990 million. This transition increases the size of the borrowing base under the ABL Facility. We had an aggregate of $274 million of letters of credit outstanding under the ABL Facility as of September 26, 2020. There was remaining capacity of $1,716 million under the ABL Facility based on our borrowing base as of September 26, 2020.
The Initial Term Loan Facility had a carrying value of $2,109 million, net of $3 million of unamortized deferred financing costs, as of September 26, 2020. The 2019 Incremental Term Loan Facility had a carrying value of $1,458 million, net of $31 million of unamortized deferred financing costs, as of September 26, 2020. The 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility had a carrying value of $287 million, net of $12 million of unamortized deferred financing costs, as of September 26, 2020.
The Secured Notes had a carrying value of $986 million, net of $14 million of unamortized deferred financing costs, as of September 26, 2020. The Unsecured Senior Notes had a carrying value of $596 million, net of $4 million of unamortized deferred financing costs, as of September 26, 2020. We also had $343 million of obligations under financing leases for transportation equipment and building leases as of September 26, 2020.
We believe that the combination of cash generated from operations, together with borrowing capacity under the agreements governing our indebtedness and other financing arrangements, will be adequate to permit us to meet our debt service obligations, ongoing costs of operations, working capital needs, and capital expenditure requirements for the next 12 months.
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The agreements governing our indebtedness contain customary covenants. These include, among other things, covenants that restrict our ability to incur certain additional indebtedness, create or permit liens on our assets, pay dividends, or engage in mergers or consolidations. USF had approximately $1.3 billion of restricted payment capacity under these covenants and approximately $2.7 billion of its net assets were restricted after taking into consideration the net deferred tax assets and intercompany balances that eliminate in consolidation as of September 26, 2020.
Every quarter, we review rating agency changes for all lenders that have provided us with funding. We are not aware of any facts that indicate our lenders will not be able to comply with the contractual terms of their agreements with us. We continue to monitor the credit markets generally and the specific strength of our lender counterparties.
See Note 13, Debt, in our consolidated financial statements for a further description of our indebtedness.
Cash Flows
The following table presents condensed highlights from our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the periods presented:
39 Weeks Ended
September 26, 2020 September 28, 2019
Net (loss) income $ (216) $ 293 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities 383  (39)
Other adjustments 366  305 
Net cash provided by operating activities 533  559 
Net cash used in investing activities (1,087) (1,977)
Net cash provided by financing activities 1,475  1,411 
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 921  (7)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—beginning of period
98  105 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period $ 1,019  $ 98 
Operating Activities
Our net loss was $216 million in 2020, compared to net income of $293 million in 2019. The decrease in net income was due to the relevant factors discussed above.
Cash flows provided by operating activities was $533 million for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, compared to cash flows provided by operating activities of $559 million for the 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019. The year-over-year decrease was primarily attributable to the Company's reduced working capital requirements resulting from lower case volume and lower inventories driven by the impact of COVID-19. These working capital improvements were partially offset by the decline in operating results, driven by the impact of COVID-19.
Investing Activities
Cash flows used in investing activities for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019 included the $973 million cash purchase price for the acquisition of Smart Foodservice and the $1.8 billion cash purchase price for the acquisition of the Food Group, respectively. Cash flows used in investing activities in the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019 included cash expenditures of $154 million and $157 million, respectively, on property and equipment for fleet replacement and investments in information technology, as well as new construction and/or expansion of distribution facilities.
Financing Activities
Cash flows provided by financing activities for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 included aggregate borrowings of $700 million under the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility, the proceeds of which were used to finance, in part, the Smart Foodservice acquisition, proceeds of $1.0 billion from the issuance of the Secured Notes and $491 million of net proceeds from the issuance and sale of 500,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock. Cash flows used by financing activities in the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 included $105 million of scheduled payments under our non-revolving debt and financing leases. We borrowed an aggregate of $1 billion under our revolving credit facilities in March 2020 for the purposes of increasing cash on hand and to preserve financial flexibility in light of the current economic and business uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. We used part of the proceeds from the issuance of the Secured Notes to repay $400 million in principal amount of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility and we used $542 million of cash on hand to repay all of our outstanding borrowings under the terminated ABS Facility. We incurred approximately $33 million of lender fees and third-party costs in connection with our financing actions. Financing activities
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for the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020 also included $15 million of proceeds received from stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan and $2 million of proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options, which were partially offset by $5 million of employee tax withholdings paid in connection with the vesting of equity awards.
Cash flows provided by financing activities for the 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019 included aggregate borrowings of $1.5 billion under the Incremental Term Loan Facility and approximately $330 million in borrowings under the ABL Facility and ABS Facility, which were used to finance the acquisition of the Food Group. Cash flows used in financing activities for the 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019 included $3 million of net payments under our revolving credit facilities and $79 million of scheduled payments under our non-revolving debt and financing leases. Financing activities for the 39 weeks ended September 28, 2019 also included $13 million of proceeds received from the exercise of employee stock options and $15 million of proceeds from stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan, which were partially offset by $5 million of employee tax withholdings paid in connection with the vesting of equity awards.
Retirement Plans

See Note 16, Retirement Plans, in our consolidated financial statements for a description of our retirement plans.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We had entered into $274 million of letters of credit, primarily in favor of certain commercial insurers to secure obligations with respect to our self-insurance programs, under the ABL Facility as of September 26, 2020.
Except as disclosed above, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements that currently have or are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, changes in financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
Contractual Obligations
The following table presents information about our significant contractual obligations as of September 26, 2020 that affect our liquidity and capital needs. The table includes information about payments due under specified contractual obligations and the maturity profile of our consolidated debt, operating leases and other long-term liabilities. The table reflects the impact of our financing actions and the acquisition of the Smart Foodservice on April 24, 2020 on our contractual obligations as of September 26, 2020.
Payments Due by Period
Less Than More Than
Total 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years 5 Years
Recorded Contractual Obligations:
Debt, including financing lease obligations
$ 5,850  $ 138  $ 2,276  $ 1,982  $ 1,454 
Operating lease obligations
416  57  112  74  173 
Self-insured liabilities(1)
181  48  49  23  61 
Pension plans and other postretirement benefits contributions(2)
7  1  2  2  2 
Unrecorded Contractual Obligations:
Interest payments on debt(3)
1,038  246  458  283  51 
Multiemployer contractual minimum pension contributions(4)
14  4  8  2  — 
Purchase obligations(5)
1,258  1,195  53  10  — 
Total contractual cash obligations $ 8,764  $ 1,689  $ 2,958  $ 2,376  $ 1,741 
(1)    Represents the estimated undiscounted payments on our self-insurance programs for general, fleet and workers compensation liabilities. Actual payments may differ from these estimates.
(2)    Represents estimated contributions and benefit payments for Company sponsored pension and other postretirement benefit plans. Estimates beyond fiscal year 2020 are not available for the Company's defined benefit pension plan.
(3)    Represents future interest payments on fixed rate debt, financing leases and $3.3 billion of variable rate debt at interest rates as of September 26, 2020. The amounts shown in the table include interest payments under interest rate swap agreements.
(4)    Represents minimum contributions to the Central States Teamsters Southeast and Southwest Area Pension Fund through 2023.
(5)    Represents purchase obligations for purchases of product in the normal course of business, for which all significant terms have been confirmed, information technology commitments and forward fuel and electricity purchase obligations. The balance does not include fiscal year 2020 capital additions.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We have prepared the financial information in this Quarterly Report in accordance with GAAP. Preparing the Company's consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the
37






disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during these reporting periods. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and other factors we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. These assumptions form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Part II, Item 7—“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of the 2019 Annual Report includes a summary of the critical accounting policies we believe are the most important to aid in understanding our financial results. There have been no changes to those critical accounting policies that have had a material impact on our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, or expenses during the 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 2, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, in our consolidated financial statements.
Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We are exposed to certain risks arising from both our business operations and overall economic conditions. Our market risks include interest rate risk and fuel price risk. We do not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
Interest Rate Risk
Our debt exposes us to risk of fluctuations in interest rates. Floating rate debt, where the interest rate fluctuates periodically, exposes us to short-term changes in market interest rates. Fixed rate debt, where the interest rate is fixed over the life of the instrument, exposes us to changes in market interest rates reflected in the fair value of the debt and to the risk that we may need to refinance maturing debt with new debt at higher rates. We manage our debt portfolio to achieve an overall desired position of fixed and floating rates and may employ interest rate swaps as a tool to achieve that position. During fiscal year 2017, we entered into interest rate swap agreements to limit our exposure to variable interest rate terms on certain borrowings under our Initial Term Loan Facility. The risks from interest rate swaps include changes in the interest rates affecting the fair value of such instruments, potential increases in interest expense due to market increases in floating interest rates and the creditworthiness of the counterparties.
After considering interest rate swaps that fixed the interest rate on $550 million of the principal amounts of our Initial Term Loan Facility, approximately 57% of the principal amount of our debt bore interest at floating rates based on LIBOR or ABR, as of September 26, 2020. A hypothetical 1% change in the applicable rate would cause the interest expense on our floating rate debt to change by approximately $33 million per year (see Note 13, Debt, in our consolidated financial statements). As was announced in July 2017, the use of LIBOR is intended to be phased out by the end of 2021. We are unable to predict the impact of using alternative reference rates and corresponding rate risk as of this time.
Fuel Price Risk
We are also exposed to risk due to fluctuations in the price and availability of diesel fuel. We require significant quantities of diesel fuel for our vehicle fleet, and the price and supply of diesel fuel are unpredictable and fluctuate based on events outside our control, including geopolitical developments, supply and demand for oil and gas, regional production patterns, weather conditions and environmental concerns. Increases in the cost of diesel fuel can negatively affect consumer confidence and discretionary spending and increase the prices we pay for products, and the costs we incur to deliver products to our customers.
Our activities to minimize fuel cost risk include route optimization, improving fleet utilization and using fuel surcharges. We also enter into forward purchase commitments for a portion of our projected diesel fuel requirements. We had diesel fuel forward purchase commitments totaling $71 million through December 2021 as of September 26, 2020. These lock in approximately 64% of our projected diesel fuel purchase needs for the contracted periods. Our remaining fuel purchase needs will occur at market rates unless contracted for at a fixed price or hedged at a later date. Using current published market price projections for diesel and estimated fuel consumption needs, a hypothetical 10% unfavorable change in diesel prices from the market price could result in approximately $4 million in additional fuel cost on such uncommitted volumes through December 2021.
Item 4.    Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is processed, recorded, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s
38






rules and forms, and that this information is accumulated and communicated to Company management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 26, 2020.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended September 26, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
As permitted by applicable SEC guidance, the scope of our evaluation regarding changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended September 26, 2020 excluded internal control over financial reporting for the Food Group, which was acquired on September 13, 2019, and Smart Foodservice, which was acquired on April 24, 2020.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings
For information relating to legal proceedings, see Note 22, Commitments and Contingencies, in our consolidated financial statements.
Item 1A.    Risk Factors
In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the 2019 Annual Report, as updated and supplemented below, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in this Quarterly Report and in the 2019 Annual Report are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results.    
An economic downturn, public health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and/or other factors affecting consumer spending and confidence, may reduce the amount of food consumed away from home, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The U.S. foodservice distribution industry is sensitive to national, regional and local economic conditions. In the past, an uneven level of general U.S. economic activity, uncertainty in the financial markets, and slow job growth had a negative impact on consumer confidence and discretionary spending. A decline in economic activity or the frequency and amount spent by consumers for food consumed away from home, as well as other macroenvironmental factors that could decrease general consumer confidence (including volatile financial markets or an uncertain political environment), may negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The global COVID-19 pandemic and its sudden and significant effects on the economy have and will continue to impact many of our customers, consumers and suppliers and, as a result, it has and will continue to impact us for an indeterminable period of time. Widespread adoption of “social distancing” measures, governmental directions to close non-essential businesses and public perceptions of the risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in a substantial disruption in many of our customers’ operations (including the limitation of dining options and the temporary closure of many restaurant, hospitality and education customers’ locations) and have significantly reduced the demand for our products and services. In addition, recent increases in unemployment and uncertainty in the financial markets will likely have a negative impact on consumer confidence and discretionary spending on food consumed away from home. Sustained disruption in our customers’ operations and reduced consumer spending on food consumed away from home as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic will have a significant negative effect on our customers’ financial condition and, as a result, will adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. We do not expect economic and operating conditions for our business to improve until consumers are once again willing and able to resume consumption of food away from home on a regular basis. This may not occur until well after the pandemic abates and the broader economy begins to improve. Current economic forecasts predict significant increases in unemployment in the United States due to the adoption of “social distancing” and other policies to slow the spread of the virus, which are likely to have a negative impact on consumer discretionary spending, including for the restaurant and hospitality industries. Even when economic conditions improve, we cannot predict the long-term effects of the pandemic on our business. If the restaurant or hospitality industry is fundamentally changed by the COVID-19 pandemic in ways that are detrimental to us, our business may continue to be adversely affected even as the pandemic abates and the broader economy begins to recover.
The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant decline in net sales and total case volumes during the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020. Total case volumes were down approximately 8.9% and 11.4% for the 13 weeks and 39 weeks ended September 26, 2020, respectively, compared to the prior year. Because the COVID-19 situation is fluid and continues to evolve and because the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and its continued negative impact on the economy is unclear, it is difficult to forecast the impacts on our future results. We currently expect that the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects will continue to have a significant adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations for the duration of the pandemic and, if the subsequent economic recovery is slow and gradual, throughout substantial portions of that recovery.
To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects the business and financial results of us and our customers, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks included in the 2019 Annual Report.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had and will have a significant negative impact on our liquidity position and we expect that the impact will continue until the pandemic and any related negative economic effects abate.
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a substantial disruption in many of our customers’ operations (including the limitation of dining options and the temporary closure of many restaurant, hospitality and education customers’ locations) and has significantly reduced the demand for our products and services. Sustained disruption in our customers’ operations as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic will have a significant negative effect on our customers’ financial condition and, as a result, will adversely impact our
40






business, financial condition and results of operations. We have recently experienced some deterioration in the collectability of our existing accounts receivable and a decrease in the generation of new accounts receivable. If the COVID-19 pandemic persists for a prolonged period of time, we may experience further deterioration in the collectability of our existing accounts receivable and a continued decrease in the generation of our accounts receivable, which could adversely affect our cash flows and results of operations and require an increased level of working capital. In addition, our ability to borrow under the ABL Facility is subject to a borrowing base limitation that is based on certain criteria, including the amount and collectability of new accounts receivable. Thus, a decline in the amount and collectability of our accounts receivable not only adversely affects our cash flows and results of operations, but also reduces our access to additional liquidity due its negative impact on the borrowing base of the ABL Facility. Furthermore, due to the negative impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had on our Adjusted EBITDA in the current period and is expected to have on our future quarterly periods, we anticipate that our future ability to incur additional indebtedness under the incurrence “baskets” of our debt agreements that are based on a leverage ratio or coverage ratio calculation will be constrained.
In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic is adversely affecting the availability of liquidity generally in the credit markets, and there can be no guarantee that additional liquidity will be readily available or available on favorable terms, especially the longer the COVID-19 pandemic lasts. A rating agency announced a downgrade to our credit ratings in September 2020. Our access to capital and the cost of any financing could be negatively impacted by this downgrade or any future downgrade or if financing sources were to ascribe higher credit risk to us or our industry.
As a result, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on our liquidity position and we expect that impact will continue until the pandemic and any related negative economic effects abate. We believe that we will have sufficient liquidity to fund our operations and meet ordinary course obligations through 2021 even if total case volumes decline to the levels seen in April of this year and remained at those levels until the middle of 2021. We cannot, however, assure you that this will be the case. Any further significant reduction to our liquidity position caused by the COVID-19 pandemic could impair our ability to service our outstanding indebtedness and pay our other payables as they become due.

As a result of its Series A Preferred Stock investment, KKR owns a substantial portion of our equity and its interests may not be aligned with yours.

As a result of its Series A Preferred Stock investment, KKR owns approximately 9.6% of our Common Stock on an as-converted basis and has the right to designate one director to our board of directors. As a result, KKR may have the ability to influence the outcome of certain matters relating to the Company. Circumstances may occur in which the interests of KKR could conflict with the interests of our other shareholders. For example, the existence of KKR as a significant shareholder and KKR’s board designation rights may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control or management or limiting the ability of our other shareholders to approve transactions that they may deem to be in the best interests of the Company.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
    Not applicable.
Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5.    Other Information
None.

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Item 6.    Exhibits
Exhibit
Number
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
101
The following financial information from US Foods’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 26, 2020, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the twenty-six and thirteen week periods ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the twenty-six week periods ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, and (iv) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).
†

Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant to Item 15(b) of Form 10-K.



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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
US FOODS HOLDING CORP.
(Registrant)
Date: November 2, 2020 By: /s/ PIETRO SATRIANO
Pietro Satriano
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Date: November 2, 2020 By: /s/ DIRK J. LOCASCIO
Dirk J. Locascio
Chief Financial Officer


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