KFN Kkr Financial Holdings Llc

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x       QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012

or

o          TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from         to

Commission file number: 001-33437

KKR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS LLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (415) 315-3620

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  x  Yes   o  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  x   No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  o  Yes   x  No

The number of shares of the registrant’s common shares outstanding as of August 2, 2012 was 178,393,521.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PART I.    FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share information)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1. Organization

KKR Financial Holdings LLC together with its subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a specialty finance company with expertise in a range of asset classes. The Company’s core business strategy is to leverage the proprietary resources of its manager with the objective of generating both current income and capital appreciation by deploying capital to its strategies, which include bank loans and high yield securities, natural resources, special situations, mezzanine, commercial real estate and private equity. The Company’s holdings across these strategies primarily consist of below investment grade syndicated corporate loans, also known as leveraged loans, high yield debt securities, private equity, interests in joint ventures and partnerships, and working and royalty interests in oil and gas properties. The corporate loans that the Company holds are purchased via assignment or participation in the primary or secondary market.

The majority of the Company’s holdings consist of corporate loans and high yield debt securities held in collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) transactions that are structured as on-balance sheet securitizations and are used as long term financing for the Company’s investments in corporate debt. The senior secured debt issued by the CLO transactions is generally owned by unaffiliated third party investors and the Company owns the majority of the mezzanine and subordinated notes in the CLO transactions. The Company executes its core business strategy through its majority-owned subsidiaries, including CLOs.

KKR Financial Advisors LLC (the “Manager”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of KKR Asset Management LLC, manages the Company pursuant to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”). KKR Asset Management LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. (“KKR”).

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and entities established to complete secured financing transactions that are considered to be variable interest entities and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary.

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. The Company’s results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other interim period. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments have been included for a fair statement of this interim financial information.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from management’s estimates.

Consolidation

KKR Financial CLO 2005-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2005-2, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-2”), KKR Financial CLO 2006-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2006-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-A, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-A”) and KKR Financial CLO 2011-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2011-1”) are entities established to complete secured financing transactions. These entities are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) which the Company consolidates as the Company has determined it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact these entities’ economic performance and the Company has both the obligation to absorb losses of these entities and the right to receive benefits from these entities that could potentially be significant to these entities. In CLO transactions, subordinated notes have the first risk of loss and conversely, the residual value upside of the transactions. These CLOs are considered non-recourse leverage to the Company.

The Company finances the majority of its corporate debt investments through its CLOs. As of June 30, 2012, the Company’s six CLOs held $6.8 billion par amount, or $6.4 billion estimated fair value, of corporate debt investments. As of December 31, 2011, the Company’s six CLOs held $7.4 billion par amount, or $6.8 billion estimated fair value, of corporate debt investments. The assets in each CLO can be used only to settle the debt of the related CLO. As of June 30, 2012, the aggregate CLO debt totaled $5.1 billion of secured debt outstanding held by unaffiliated third parties and $322.3 million of junior secured notes outstanding held by an affiliate of the Manager. As of December 31, 2011, the aggregate CLO debt totaled $5.5 billion of secured debt outstanding held by unaffiliated third parties and $365.8 million of junior secured notes outstanding held by an affiliate of the Manager.

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The Company continues to consolidate all non-VIEs in which it holds a greater than 50 percent voting interest.

In addition, the Company has non-controlling interests in joint ventures and partnerships that do not qualify as VIEs and do not meet the control requirements for consolidation as defined by GAAP.

All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instruments’ complexity for disclosure purposes. Assets and liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their value. Hierarchical levels, as defined under GAAP, are directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuations of these assets and liabilities, and are as follows:

Level 1:  Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

The types of assets generally included in this category are equity securities listed in active markets.

Level 2:  Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

The types of assets and liabilities generally included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, certain corporate loans held for sale, certain equity investments at estimated fair value and certain financial instruments classified as derivatives.

Level 3:  Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and consideration of factors specific to the asset.

The types of assets and liabilities generally included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, certain corporate loans held for sale, certain equity investments at estimated fair value, residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”), certain interests in joint ventures and partnerships and certain financial instruments classified as derivatives.

A significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability is an indication that transactions or quoted prices may not be representative of fair value because in such market conditions there may be increased instances of transactions that are not orderly. In those circumstances, further analysis of transactions or quoted prices is needed, and a significant adjustment to the transactions or quoted prices may be necessary to estimate fair value.

The availability of observable inputs can vary depending on the financial asset or liability and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of product, whether the product is new, whether the product is traded on an active exchange or in the secondary market, and the current market condition. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The variability of the observable inputs affected by the factors described above may cause transfers between Levels 1, 2, and/or 3, which the Company recognizes at the end of the reporting period.

Many financial assets and liabilities have bid and ask prices that can be observed in the marketplace. Bid prices reflect the highest price that the Company and others are willing to pay for an asset. Ask prices represent the lowest price that the Company and others are willing to accept for an asset. For financial assets and liabilities whose inputs are based on bid-ask prices, the Company does not require that fair value always be a predetermined point in the bid-ask range. The Company’s policy is to allow for mid-market pricing and adjusting to the point within the bid-ask range that meets the Company’s best estimate of fair value.

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Depending on the relative liquidity in the markets for certain assets, the Company may transfer assets to Level 3 if it determines that observable quoted prices, obtained directly or indirectly, are not available. The valuation techniques used for the assets and liabilities that are valued using Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are described below.

Corporate Debt Securities:   Corporate debt securities are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using market data for similar instruments (e.g., recent transactions or broker quotes), comparisons to benchmark derivative indices or valuation models. Valuation models are based on discounted cash flow techniques, for which the key inputs are the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, market yields for such instruments and recovery assumptions. Inputs are determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate similar instruments from similar issuers.

Equity Investments, at Estimated Fair Value:   Equity investments, at estimated fair value, are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using observable market prices, if available, or internally developed models in the absence of readily observable market prices. Valuation models are generally based on a market and income (discounted cash flow) approaches, in which various internal and external factors are considered. Factors include the price at which the investment was acquired, the nature of the investment, current market conditions, recent public market and private transactions for comparable securities, and financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment. The fair value recorded for a particular investment will generally be within the range suggested by the two approaches.

Interests in Joint Ventures and Partnerships:   Interests in joint ventures and partnerships include investments related to the oil and gas and commercial real estate sectors. Interests in joint ventures and partnerships are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using observable market prices, if available, or internally developed models in the absence of readily observable market prices. Valuation models are generally based on a market and income (discounted cash flow) approaches, in which various internal and external factors are considered. Factors include the price at which the investment was acquired, the nature of the investment, current market conditions, recent public market and private transactions for comparables, and financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment. The fair value recorded for a particular investment will generally be within the range suggested by the two approaches.

Over-the-counter (“OTC”) Derivative Contracts:   OTC derivative contracts include forward, swap and option contracts related to interest rates, foreign currencies, credit standing of reference entities, and equity prices. The fair value of OTC derivative products can be modeled using a series of techniques, including closed-form analytic formulae, such as the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and simulation models or a combination thereof. Many pricing models employ methodologies that have pricing inputs observed from actively quoted markets, as is the case for generic interest rate swap and option contracts.

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities, at Estimated Fair Value:   Residential mortgage-backed securities are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using industry recognized models (including Intex and Bloomberg) and data for similar instruments (e.g., nationally recognized pricing services or broker quotes). The most significant inputs to the valuation of these instruments are default and loss expectations and market credit spreads.

Valuation Process

The valuation process involved in Level 3 measurements for assets and liabilities is completed on a quarterly basis and is designed to subject the valuation of Level 3 investments to an appropriate level of consistency, oversight and review. The Company has a valuation committee, whose members consist of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel and certain other employees of the Manager. The Company’s valuation committee is responsible for coordinating and implementing the Company’s quarterly valuation process. For assets classified as Level 3, the investment professionals are responsible for documenting preliminary valuations based on their evaluation of financial and operating data, company specific developments, market valuations of comparable companies and model projections discussed above, among other factors. The Company engages an independent valuation firm to opine on its valuations for certain holdings over a specific dollar threshold. All valuations are approved by the Company’s valuation committee.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash held in banks and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents is recorded in other investment income.

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Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Restricted cash and cash equivalents represent amounts that are held by third parties under certain of the Company’s financing and derivative transactions. Interest income earned on restricted cash and cash equivalents is recorded in other investment income.

On the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows, net additions or reductions to restricted cash and cash equivalents are classified as an investing activity as restricted cash and cash equivalents reflect the receipts from collections or sales of investments, as well as payments made to acquire investments held by third parties.

Securities

Securities Available-for-Sale

The Company classifies its investments in securities as available-for-sale as the Company may sell them prior to maturity and does not hold them principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. These investments are carried at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. Estimated fair values are based on quoted market prices, when available, on estimates provided by independent pricing sources or dealers who make markets in such securities, or internal valuation models when external sources of fair value are not available. Upon the sale of a security, the realized net gain or loss is computed on a weighted average cost basis. Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on the trade date.

The Company monitors its available-for-sale securities portfolio for impairments. A loss is recognized when it is determined that a decline in the estimated fair value of a security below its amortized cost is other-than-temporary. The Company considers many factors in determining whether the impairment of a security is deemed to be other-than-temporary, including, but not limited to, the length of time the security has had a decline in estimated fair value below its amortized cost and the severity of the decline, the amount of the unrealized loss, recent events specific to the issuer or industry, external credit ratings and recent changes in such ratings. In addition, for debt securities, the Company considers its intent to sell the debt security, the Company’s estimation of whether or not it expects to recover the debt security’s entire amortized cost if it intends to hold the debt security, and whether it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. For equity securities, the Company also considers its intent and ability to hold the equity security for a period of time sufficient for a recovery in value.

The amount of the loss that is recognized when it is determined that a decline in the estimated fair value of a security below its amortized cost is other-than-temporary is dependent on certain factors. If the security is an equity security or if the security is a debt security that the Company intends to sell or estimates that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell before recovery of its amortized cost, then the impairment amount recognized in earnings is the entire difference between the estimated fair value of the security and its amortized cost. For debt securities that the Company does not intend to sell or estimates that it is not more likely than not to be required to sell before recovery, the impairment is separated into the estimated amount relating to credit loss and the estimated amount relating to all other factors. Only the estimated credit loss amount is recognized in earnings, with the remainder of the loss amount recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income.

Unamortized premiums and unaccreted discounts on securities available-for-sale are recognized in interest income over the contractual life, adjusted for actual prepayments, of the securities using the effective interest method.

Other Securities, at Estimated Fair Value

The Company has elected the fair value option of accounting for certain securities for the purpose of enhancing the transparency of its financial condition as fair value is consistent with how the Company manages the risks of these securities. Other securities, at estimated fair value are included within securities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities, at Estimated Fair Value

The Company has elected the fair value option of accounting for its residential mortgage investments for the purpose of enhancing the transparency of its financial condition as fair value is consistent with how the Company manages the risks of its residential mortgage investments. RMBS, at estimated fair value are included within securities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

Equity Investments, at Estimated Fair Value

The Company has elected the fair value option of accounting for certain marketable equity securities and private equity investments. The Company elects the fair value option of accounting for private equity investments received through restructuring

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debt transactions or issued by an entity in which the Company may have significant influence. The Company elected the fair value option for certain equity investments for the purpose of enhancing the transparency of its financial condition as fair value is consistent with how the Company manages the risks of these equity investments. Equity investments, at fair value, are managed based on overall value and potential returns. These equity investments carried at estimated fair value are presented separately on the condensed consolidated balance sheets with unrealized gains and losses reported in net realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Interests in Joint Ventures and Partnerships

The Company has elected the fair value option of accounting for certain non-controlling interests in joint ventures and partnerships, for the purpose of enhancing the transparency of its financial condition as fair value is consistent with how the Company manages the risks of these interests. These interests in joint ventures and partnerships are presented within other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets with unrealized gains and losses reported in net realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

Securities sold, not yet purchased consist of equity and debt securities that the Company has sold short. In order to facilitate a short sale, the Company borrows the securities from another party and delivers the securities to the buyer. The Company will be required to “cover” its short sale in the future through the purchase of the security in the market at the prevailing market price and deliver it to the counterparty from which it borrowed. The Company is exposed to a loss to the extent that the security price increases during the time from when the Company borrowed the security to when the Company purchases it in the market to cover the short sale. Securities sold, not yet purchased are presented within accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets with gains and losses reported in net realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Corporate Loans, Net

Corporate Loans

Corporate loans are generally held for investment and the Company initially records loans at their purchase prices. The Company subsequently accounts for loans based on their outstanding principal plus or minus unaccreted purchase discounts and unamortized purchase premiums. Corporate loans that the Company transfers to held for sale are transferred at the lower of cost or estimated fair value.

Interest income on loans includes interest at stated coupon rates adjusted for accretion of purchase discounts and the amortization of purchase premiums. Unamortized premiums and unaccreted discounts are recognized in interest income over the contractual life, adjusted for actual prepayments, of the loans using the effective interest method.

A loan is typically placed on non-accrual status at such time as: (i) management believes that scheduled debt service payments may not be paid when contractually due; (ii) the loan becomes 90 days delinquent; (iii) management determines the borrower is incapable of, or has ceased efforts toward, curing the cause of the impairment; or (iv) the net realizable value of the underlying collateral securing the loan decreases below the Company’s carrying value of such loan. As such, loans placed on non-accrual status may or may not be contractually past due at the time of such determination. While on non-accrual status, previously recognized accrued interest is reversed if it is determined that such amounts are not collectible and interest income is recognized using the cost-recovery method, cash-basis method or some combination of the two methods. A loan is placed back on accrual status when the ultimate collectability of the principal and interest is not in doubt.

The Company may modify corporate loans in transactions where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and a concession is granted to the borrower as part of the modification. These concessions may include a reduction in interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, an exchange of assets or a combination thereof. Such modifications typically qualify as troubled debt restructurings. The Company may also identify receivables that are newly considered impaired and discloses the total amount of receivables and the allowance for credit losses as of the end of the period of adoption related to those receivables that are newly considered impaired.

In addition, the Company may also modify corporate loans which usually involve changes in existing interest rates combined with changes of existing maturities to prevailing market rates/maturities for similar instruments at the time of modification. Such modifications typically do not meet the definition of a troubled debt restructuring since the respective borrowers are neither experiencing financial difficulty nor are seeking a concession as part of the modification.

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The corporate loans the Company invests in are generally deemed in default upon the non-payment of a single interest payment or as a result of the violation of a covenant in the respective loan agreement. The Company charges-off a portion or all of its amortized cost basis in a corporate loan when it determines that it is uncollectible due to either: i) the estimation based on a recovery value analysis of a defaulted loan that less than the amortized cost amount will be recovered through the agreed upon restructuring of the loan or as a result of a bankruptcy process of the issuer of the loan; or ii) the determination by the Company to transfer a loan to held for sale with the loan having an estimated market value below the amortized cost basis of the loan.

Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality are recorded at initial cost and interest income is recognized as the difference between the Company’s estimate of all cash flows that it will receive from the loan in excess of its initial investment on a level-yield basis over the life of the loan (accretable yield) using the effective interest method.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company’s corporate loan portfolio is comprised of a single portfolio segment which includes one class of financing receivables, that is, high yield loans that are purchased via assignment or participation in either the primary or secondary market and are held primarily for investment. High yield loans are generally characterized as having below investment grade ratings or being unrated.

The Company’s allowance for loan losses represents its estimate of probable credit losses inherent in its corporate loan portfolio held for investment as of the balance sheet date. Estimating the Company’s allowance for loan losses involves a high degree of management judgment and is based upon a comprehensive review of the Company’s loan portfolio that is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company’s allowance for loan losses consists of two components, an allocated component and an unallocated component. The allocated component of the allowance for loan losses pertains to specific loans that the Company has determined are impaired. The Company determines a loan is impaired when management estimates that it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. On a quarterly basis the Company performs a comprehensive review of its entire loan portfolio and identifies certain loans that it has determined are impaired. Once a loan is identified as being impaired, the Company places the loan on non-accrual status, unless the loan is already on non-accrual status, and records a reserve that reflects management’s best estimate of the loss that the Company expects to recognize from the loan. The expected loss is estimated as being the difference between the Company’s current cost basis of the loan, including accrued interest receivable, and the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except as a practical expedient, the loan’s observable estimated fair value may be used. The Company also estimates the probable credit losses inherent in its unfunded loan commitments as of the balance sheet date. Any credit loss reserve for unfunded loan commitments is recorded in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The unallocated component of the Company’s allowance for loan losses represents its estimate of probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date where the specific loan that the loan loss relates to is indeterminable. The Company estimates the unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses through a comprehensive review of its loan portfolio and identifies certain loans that demonstrate possible indicators of impairment, including internally assigned credit quality indicators. This assessment excludes all loans that are determined to be impaired and as a result, an allocated reserve has been recorded as described in the preceding paragraph. Such indicators include, but are not limited to, the current and/or forecasted financial performance and liquidity profile of the issuer, specific industry or economic conditions that may impact the issuer, and the observable trading price of the loan if available. All loans are first categorized based on their assigned risk grade and further stratified based on the seniority of the loan in the issuer’s capital structure. The seniority classifications assigned to loans are senior secured, second lien and subordinate. Senior secured consists of loans that are the most senior debt in an issuer’s capital structure and therefore have a lower estimated loss severity than other debt that is subordinate to the senior secured loan. Senior secured loans often have a first lien on some or all of the issuer’s assets. Second lien consists of loans that are secured by a second lien interest on some or all of the issuer’s assets; however, the loan is subordinate to the first lien debt in the issuer’s capital structure. Subordinate consists of loans that are generally unsecured and subordinate to other debt in the issuer’s capital structure.

There are three internally assigned risk grades that are applied to loans that have not been identified as being impaired: high, moderate and low. High risk means that there is evidence of possible loss due to the financial or operating performance and liquidity of the issuer, industry or economic concerns specific to the issuer, or other factors that indicate that the breach of a covenant contained in the related loan agreement is possible. Moderate risk means that while there is not observable evidence of loss, there are issuer and/or industry specific trends that indicate a loss may have occurred. Low risk means that while there is no identified evidence of loss, there is the risk of loss inherent in the loan that has not been identified. All loans held for investment, with the exception of loans that have been identified as impaired, are assigned a risk grade of high, moderate or low.

The Company applies a range of default and loss severity estimates in order to estimate a range of loss outcomes upon which to base its estimate of probable losses that results in the determination of the unallocated component of the Company’s allowance for loan losses.

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Corporate Loans Held for Sale

From time to time the Company makes the determination to transfer certain of its corporate loans from held for investment to held for sale. The decision to transfer a loan to held for sale is generally as a result of the Company determining that the respective loan’s credit quality in relation to the loan’s expected risk-adjusted return no longer meets the Company’s investment objective and/or the Company deciding to reduce or eliminate its exposure to a particular loan for risk management purposes. Corporate loans held for sale are stated at lower of cost or estimated fair value and are assessed on an individual basis. Prior to transferring a loan to held for sale, any difference between the carrying amount of the loan and its outstanding principal balance is recognized as an adjustment to the yield by the interest method. The loan is transferred from held for investment to held for sale at the lower of its cost or estimated fair value and is carried at the lower of its cost or estimated fair value thereafter. Subsequent to transfer and while the loan is held for sale, recognition as an adjustment to yield by the interest method is discontinued for any difference between the carrying amount of the loan and its outstanding principal balance.

From time to time the Company also makes the determination to transfer certain of its corporate loans from held for sale back to held for investment. The decision to transfer a loan back to held for investment is generally as a result of the circumstances that led to the initial transfer to held for sale no longer being present. Such circumstances may include deteriorated market conditions often resulting in price depreciation or assets becoming illiquid, changes in restrictions on sales and certain loans amending their terms to extend the maturity, whereby the Company determined that selling the asset no longer met its investment objective and strategy. The loan is transferred from held for sale back to held for investment at the lower of its cost or estimated fair value, whereby a new cost basis is established based on this amount.

Interest income on corporate loans classified as held for sale is recognized through accrual of the stated coupon rate for the loans, unless the loans are placed on non-accrual status, at which point previously recognized accrued interest is reversed if it is determined that such amounts are not collectible and interest income is recognized using either the cost-recovery method or on a cash-basis.

Corporate Loans, at Estimated Fair Value

The Company has elected the fair value option of accounting for certain corporate loans for the purpose of enhancing the transparency of its financial condition as fair value is consistent with how the Company manages the risks of these corporate loans. Corporate loans carried at estimated fair value are included within corporate loans, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates its proved oil and natural gas properties and related equipment and facilities for impairment on a field-by-field basis, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such properties may not be recoverable. The determination of recoverability is made based upon estimated undiscounted future net cash flows. The amount of impairment loss, if any, is determined by comparing the fair value, as determined by a discounted cash flow analysis, with the carrying value of the related asset. The factors used to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of proved reserves, future commodity pricing, future production estimates, anticipated capital expenditures, future operating costs and a discount rate commensurate with the risk on the properties and cost of capital. Unproved oil and natural gas properties are assessed periodically on a property-by-property basis, and any impairment in value is recognized when incurred. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, the Company recorded $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, of impairments which are included in general, administrative and directors expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. No impairments were recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011.

Borrowings

The Company finances the majority of its investments through the use of secured borrowings in the form of securitization transactions structured as non-recourse secured financings and other secured and unsecured borrowings. In addition, the Company finances certain of its oil and gas asset acquisitions through borrowings. The Company recognizes interest expense on all borrowings on an accrual basis.

Trust Preferred Securities

Trusts formed by the Company for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities are not consolidated by the Company as the Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of such trusts. The Company’s investment in the common securities of such trusts is included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company recognizes all derivatives on the condensed consolidated balance sheet at estimated fair value. On the date the Company enters into a derivative contract, the Company designates and documents each derivative contract as one of the following at the time the contract is executed: (i) a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair value” hedge); (ii) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow” hedge); (iii) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation; or (iv) a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument (“free-standing derivative”). For a fair value hedge, the Company records changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative instrument and, to the extent that it is effective, changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability in the current period earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For a cash flow hedge, the Company records changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative to the extent that it is effective in other comprehensive (loss) income and subsequently reclassifies these changes in estimated fair value to net income in the same period(s) that the hedged transaction affects earnings. The effective portion of the cash flow hedges is recorded in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For free-standing derivatives, the Company reports changes in the fair values in other income (loss).

The Company formally documents at inception its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, its risk management objectives, strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and the Company’s evaluation of effectiveness of its hedged transactions. Periodically, the Company also formally assesses whether the derivative it designated in each hedging relationship is expected to be and has been highly effective in offsetting changes in estimated fair values or cash flows of the hedged item using either the dollar offset or the regression analysis method. If the Company determines that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, it discontinues hedge accounting.

Foreign Currency

The Company makes investments in non-United States dollar denominated securities and loans. As a result, the Company is subject to the risk of fluctuation in the exchange rate between the United States dollar and the foreign currency in which it makes an investment. In order to reduce the currency risk, the Company may hedge the applicable foreign currency. All investments denominated in a foreign currency are converted to the United States dollar using prevailing exchange rates on the balance sheet date. Income, expenses, gains and losses on investments denominated in a foreign currency are converted to the United States dollar using the prevailing exchange rates on the dates when they are recorded. Foreign exchange gains and losses are recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Manager Compensation

The Management Agreement provides for the payment of a base management fee to the Manager, as well as an incentive fee if the Company’s financial performance exceeds certain benchmarks. Additionally, the Management Agreement provides for the Manager to be reimbursed for certain expenses incurred on the Company’s behalf. See Note 11 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for additional discussion on the payment of the base management fee and incentive fee. The base management fee and the incentive fee are accrued and expensed during the period for which they are earned by the Manager.

Share-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for share-based compensation issued to its directors and to its Manager using the fair value based methodology in accordance with relevant accounting guidance. Compensation cost related to restricted common shares issued to the Company’s directors is measured at its estimated fair value at the grant date, and is amortized and expensed over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. Compensation cost related to restricted common shares and common share options issued to the Manager is initially measured at estimated fair value at the grant date, and is remeasured on subsequent dates to the extent the awards are unvested. The Company has elected to use the graded vesting attribution method to amortize compensation expense for the restricted common shares and common share options granted to the Manager.

Income Taxes

The Company intends to continue to operate so as to qualify, for United States federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. Therefore, the Company generally is not subject to United States federal income tax at the entity level, but is subject to limited state and foreign taxes. Holders of the Company’s shares will be required to take into account their allocable share of each item of the Company’s income, gain, loss, deduction, and credit for the taxable year of the Company ending within or with their taxable year.

During 2012, the Company owned equity interests in entities that each elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (a “REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). A REIT generally is not subject to United States federal income tax to the extent that it currently distributes its income and satisfies certain asset, income and ownership tests, and recordkeeping requirements, but it may be subject to some amount of federal, state, local and foreign taxes based on its taxable income.

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The Company has wholly-owned domestic and foreign subsidiaries that are taxable as corporations for United States federal income tax purposes and thus are not consolidated with the Company for United States federal income tax purposes. For financial reporting purposes, current and deferred taxes are provided for on the portion of earnings recognized by the Company with respect to its interest in the domestic taxable corporate subsidiaries, because each is taxed as a regular corporation under the Code. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed based on temporary differences between the GAAP condensed consolidated financial statements and the United States federal income tax basis of assets and liabilities as of each condensed consolidated balance sheet date. The foreign corporate subsidiaries were formed to make certain foreign and domestic investments from time to time. The foreign corporate subsidiaries are organized as exempted companies incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and are anticipated to be exempt from United States federal and state income tax at the corporate entity level because they restrict their activities in the United States to trading in stock and securities for their own account. However, the Company will be required to

include their current taxable income in the Company’s calculation of its taxable income allocable to shareholders.

The Company must recognize the tax impact from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax impact recognized in the financial statements from such a position is measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. Penalties and interest related to uncertain tax positions are recorded as tax expense. Significant judgment is required in the identification of uncertain tax positions and in the estimation of penalties and interest on uncertain tax positions. If it is determined that recognition for an uncertain tax provision is necessary, the Company would record a liability for an unrecognized tax expense from an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken.

Earnings Per Share

The Company presents both basic and diluted earnings per common share (“EPS”) in its condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto. Basic earnings per common share (“Basic EPS”) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average number of common shares, including vested restricted common shares, outstanding for the period. The Company calculates EPS using the more dilutive of the two-class method or the if-converted method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines EPS for common shares and participating securities. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of EPS using the two-class method. Accordingly, all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to common shares and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends. Diluted earnings (loss) per share (“Diluted EPS”) reflects the potential dilution of common share options and unvested restricted common shares using the treasury method, as well as the potential dilution of convertible senior notes using the number of shares it would take to satisfy the excess conversion obligation (average Company share price for the period in excess of the conversion price related to the Company’s convertible senior notes), if they are not anti-dilutive.

Note 3. Earnings per Share

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net income per common share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 (amounts in thousands, except per share information), as well as the distributions declared per common share during the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011:

(1)                                   Potential anti-dilutive common shares excluded from diluted earnings per share related to common share options were 1,932,279 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011.

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Note 4. Securities

The Company accounts for securities based on the following categories: (i) securities available-for-sale, which are carried at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income; (ii) other securities, at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations; and (iii) residential mortgage-backed securities, at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes the Company’s securities as of June 30, 2012, which are carried at estimated fair value (amounts in thousands):

(1)                                   Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in earnings.

The following table summarizes the Company’s securities as of December 31, 2011, which are carried at estimated fair value (amounts in thousands):

(1)                                   Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in earnings.

The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale securities, aggregated by length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (amounts in thousands):

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The unrealized losses in the table above are considered to be temporary impairments due to market factors and are not reflective of credit deterioration. The Company considers many factors when evaluating whether an impairment is other-than-temporary. For corporate debt securities included in the table above, the Company does not intend to sell them and does not believe that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any of its corporate debt securities prior to recovery. In addition, based on the analyses performed by the Company on each of its corporate debt securities, the Company believes that it is able to recover the entire amortized cost amount of the corporate debt securities included in the table above.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, the Company recognized losses totaling $0.1 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for corporate debt securities that it determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired based on the criteria above. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, the Company had no other-than-temporary impairment losses for corporate debt securities. The Company intends to sell these securities and as a result, the entire amount is recorded through earnings in net realized and unrealized gain on investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

For common and preferred stock, the Company considers many factors when evaluating whether an impairment is other-than-temporary, including its intent and ability to hold the common and preferred stock for a period of time sufficient for recovery to cost. If the Company believes it will not recover the cost basis based on its intent or ability, an other-than-temporary loss will be recorded through earnings in net realized and unrealized gain on investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

During both the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, the Company recognized $0.2 million of losses for common and preferred stock that it determined to be other-than-temporary impaired. During both the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, the Company recognized no losses for common and preferred stock that it determined to be other-than-temporary impaired.

As of both June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company had no corporate debt securities in default.

Corporate debt securities sold at a loss typically include those that the Company determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired or had a deterioration in credit quality. The following table shows the net realized gains on the sales of securities available-for-sale (amounts in thousands):

(1)                                   Excludes net realized gains from paydowns and restructurings totaling zero and $16.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively. Excludes net realized gains from paydowns and restructurings totaling $0.4 million for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2011. Also, excludes an impairment charge of $0.3 million and $1.0 million for investments which were determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively.

The Company’s securities available-for-sale portfolio has certain credit risk concentrated in a limited number of issuers. As of June 30, 2012, approximately 47% of the estimated fair value of the Company’s securities available-for-sale portfolio was concentrated in ten issuers, with the two largest concentrations of securities available-for-sale in securities issued by SandRidge Energy, Inc. and First Data Corporation,  which combined represented $89.2 million, or approximately 13% of the estimated fair value of the Company’s securities available-for-sale. As of December 31, 2011, approximately 46% of the estimated fair value of the Company’s securities available-for-sale portfolio was concentrated in ten issuers, with the two largest concentrations of securities available-for-sale in securities issued by First Data Corporation and SandRidge Energy, Inc., which combined represented $138.3 million, or approximately 17% of the estimated fair value of the Company’s securities available-for-sale.

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Note 6 to these condensed consolidated financial statements describes the Company’s borrowings under which the Company has pledged securities for borrowings. The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale pledged as collateral as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (amounts in thousands):

As of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, no other securities, at estimated fair value or RMBS were pledged as collateral for the Company’s borrowings.

Note 5. Corporate Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company accounts for loans based on the following categories (i) corporate loans held for investment, which are measured based on their outstanding principal plus or minus unaccreted purchase discounts and unamortized purchase premiums, net of an allowance for loan losses; (ii) corporate loans held for sale, which are measured at lower of cost or estimated fair value; and (iii) corporate loans, at estimated fair value, which are measured at fair value.

The following table summarizes the Company’s corporate loans as of June 30, 2012 (amounts in thousands):

(1)                                   Principal amount is net of cumulative charge-offs and other adjustments totaling $67.3 million as of June 30, 2012.

The following table summarizes the Company’s corporate loans as of December 31, 2011 (amounts in thousands):

(1)                                   Principal amount is net of cumulative charge-offs and other adjustments totaling $79.8 million as of December 31, 2011.

Allowance For Loan Losses

As of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company had an allowance for loan losses of $235.8 million and $191.4 million, respectively. As described in Note 2 to these condensed consolidated financial statements, the allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in its loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The Company’s allowance for loan losses consists of two components, an allocated component and an unallocated component. The allocated component of the allowance for loan losses consists of individual loans that are impaired. The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of losses inherent, but not identified, in its portfolio as of the balance sheet date.

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The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the Company’s corporate loan portfolio during the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 (amounts in thousands):

The following table summarizes the ending balances of the allowance and corporate loans portfolio by basis of impairment method as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (amounts in thousands):