USB US Bancorp

Last Friday, U.S. regulators shuttered Plano, Texas-based First International Bank, taking the number of failed banks thus far in 2011 to 74. This follows 157 bank failures in 2010, 140 in 2009 and 25 in 2008.

While the financials of a few large banks have been stabilizing on the back of an economic recovery, the industry is still struggling to survive. Nagging issues like rock-bottom home prices along with still-high loan defaults and unemployment levels continue to trouble such institutions.

Lingering effects of the financial crisis continue to weigh on many banks. The obligation to absorb bad loans offered during the credit explosion made these banks susceptible to severe problems.

Further, according to a University of Michigan study released earlier this month, the U.S. banks that were sheltered by government bailout during the height of financial crisis took more credit risk afterward. It’s obvious that these banks had taken such a risky plunge to get higher and quicker returns to brush off the bailout burden at the earliest.

But this repeated risk-taking ultimate resulted in further threats to the system. Ultimately, risky loans and market uncertainty aggravated the risk of bank failures even further.

First International Bank had total assets of about $239.9 million and total deposits of about $208.8 million as of June 30, 2011.

This failure represents another blow to the deposit insurance fund (DIF), meant for protecting customer accounts.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insures deposits in 7,513 banks and savings associations in the country as well as promotes the safety and soundness of these institutions. When a bank fails, the agency reimburses customer deposits of up to $250,000 per account.

Though the FDIC has managed to increase its deposit insurance fund over the last few quarters, the ongoing bank failures have kept it under pressure. However, as of June 30, 2011, the fund recovered to post a surplus of $3.9 billion, substantially better than the deficit of $1.0 billion in the prior quarter. The positive fund balance seen for the first time in two years was aided by a moderate pace of bank failures and assessment revenue.

The failure of First International Bank is expected to deal a blow of about $53.8 millionto the FDIC.

Houston, Texas-based American First National Bank has agreed to assume the assets and deposits of First International Bank.

The number of banks on FDIC’s list of problem institutions fell sharply to 865 in the second quarter from 888 in the preceding quarter. This represents the first sequential drop since 2006.

Increasing loan losses on commercial real estate could trigger hundreds of bank failures in the coming years. However, considering the failure trail so far this year, the FDIC does not expect the number of bank failures in 2011 to exceed the 2010 tally.

With so many bank failures, consolidation has become the industry fashion. For almost all the failed banks, the FDIC enters into a purchase agreement with healthy institutions.

When Washington Mutual collapsed in 2008 (branded as the largest bank failure in the U.S. history), it was acquired by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM). The other major acquirers of failed institutions since 2008 include U.S. Bancorp (USB) and BB&T Corporation (BBT).

 
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