2.
GOING CONCERN AND MANAGEMENT’S LIQUIDITY PLANS
The
accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization
of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The condensed consolidated financial statements
do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of asset amounts or the classification of liabilities
that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. The Company incurred losses of $1,400,957
and $1,425,114 during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company has an accumulated deficit of
$82,623,456 at March 31, 2019. Cash used in operating activities was $1,582,720 and $1,191,886 during the three months ended March
31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Based upon projected revenues and expenses, the Company believes that it may not have sufficient
funds to operate for the next twelve months. The aforementioned factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability
to continue as a going concern.
The
Company needs to raise additional capital in order to continue to pursue its business objectives. The Company funded its operations
during the three months ended March 31, 2019 through the proceeds from convertible debt obligations of $786,000 and proceeds from
the sale of common stock for net proceeds of $884,750. The Company repaid loans payable of $43,226 and debt obligations of $30,000,
during the three months ended March 31, 2019.
If
the Company is not able to obtain additional sources of capital, it may not have sufficient funds to continue to operate the business
for twelve months from the date these financial statements are issued. Historically, the Company has been successful in raising
funds to support its capital needs. Management believes that it will be successful in obtaining additional financing; however,
no assurance can be provided that the Company will be able to do so. Further, there is no assurance that these funds will be sufficient
to enable the Company to attain profitable operations or continue as a going concern. To the extent that the Company is unsuccessful,
the Company may need to curtail its operations and implement a plan to extend payables and reduce overhead until sufficient additional
capital is raised to support further operations. There can be no assurance that such a plan will be successful. Such a plan could
have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, and ultimately
the Company could be forced to discontinue its operations, liquidate and/or seek reorganization in bankruptcy. These condensed
consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
3
.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis
of Presentation
The
accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do
not include all of the information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments (consisting only
of normal recurring items) which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements of the Company as of March 31, 2019, and for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations
for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year. It is suggested
that these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements
and notes thereto included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on April 1, 2019. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December
31, 2018 has been derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements.
Use
of Estimates
To
prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, the
Company must make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts in the financial statements,
and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant estimates and assumptions
of the Company include the valuation of equity instruments, the useful lives of property and equipment and reserves associated
with the realizability of certain assets.
Segment
Information
The
Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) has established standards for reporting information on operating segments
of an enterprise in interim and annual financial statements. Since GG is not yet operational, the Company currently operates in
one segment which is the business of real estate development in Argentina. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker
reviews the Company’s operating results on an aggregate basis and manages the Company’s operations as a single operating
segment.
Highly
Inflationary Status in Argentina
The
International Practices Task Force (“IPTF”) of the Center for Audit Quality discussed the inflationary status of Argentina
at its meeting on May 16, 2018 and categorized Argentina as a country with a projected three-year cumulative inflation rate greater
than 100%. Therefore, the Company has transitioned its Argentine operations to highly inflationary status as of July 1, 2018.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
For
operations in highly inflationary economies, monetary asset and liabilities are translated at exchange rates in effect at the
balance sheet date, and non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical exchange rates. Nonmonetary assets and
liabilities existing on July 1, 2018 (the date that the Company adopted highly inflation accounting) were translated using the
Argentina Peso to United States Dollar exchange rate in effect on June 30, 2018, which was 28.880. Income and expense accounts
are translated at the weighted average exchange rate in effect during the period. Translation adjustments are reflected in income
(loss) on foreign currency translation on the accompanying statements of operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2019,
the Company recorded a $47,523 gain on foreign currency translation as a result of the net monetary liability position of its
Argentine subsidiaries.
Foreign
Currency Translation
The
Company’s functional and reporting currency is the United States dollar. The functional currencies of the Company’s
operating subsidiaries are their local currencies (United States dollar, Argentine peso and British pound) except for the Company’s
Argentine subsidiaries for the three months ended March 31, 2019, as described above. Prior to the transition of Argentine operations
to highly inflationary status on July 1, 2018, these foreign subsidiaries translated assets and liabilities from their local currencies
to U.S. dollars using period end exchange rates while income and expense accounts were translated at the average rates in effect
during the during the period. The resulting translation adjustment is recorded as part of other comprehensive income (loss), a
component of shareholders’ deficit. The Company engages in foreign currency denominated transactions with customers and
suppliers, as well as between subsidiaries with different functional currencies. Gains and losses resulting from transactions
denominated in non-functional currencies are recognized in earnings.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Concentrations
The
Company maintains cash with major financial institutions. Cash held in US bank institutions is currently insured by the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000 at each institution. No similar insurance or guarantee exists
for cash held in Argentina bank accounts. There were aggregate uninsured cash balances of $41,975 and $48,929 at March 31, 2019
and December 31, 2018, respectively, which represents cash held in Argentine bank accounts.
Revenue
Recognition
The
Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts
with Customers. ASC Topic 606 provides a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with
customers, and gains and losses arising from transfers of non-financial assets including sales of property and equipment, real
estate, and intangible assets. The Company adopted ASC Topic 606 for all applicable contracts using the modified retrospective
method, which would have required a cumulative-effect adjustment, if any, as of the date of adoption. The adoption of ASC Topic
606 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as of the date of adoption,
and therefore a cumulative-effect adjustment was not required.
The
Company earns revenues from the sale of real estate lots and sales of food and wine as well as hospitality, food & beverage,
and other related services. The Company recognizes revenue when goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that
reflects the consideration which it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In determining when and how revenue
is recognized from contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five-step analysis: (i) identification of contract
with customer; (ii) determination of performance obligations; (iii) measurement of the transaction price; (iv)
allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company
satisfies each performance obligation.
The
following table summarizes the revenue recognized in the Company’s condensed statements of operations:
|
|
For
The Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
March
31,
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real
estate sales
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
799,854
|
|
Hotel
room and events
|
|
|
259,620
|
|
|
|
223,568
|
|
Restaurants
|
|
|
65,923
|
|
|
|
90,097
|
|
Winemaking
|
|
|
90,542
|
|
|
|
139,396
|
|
Golf,
tennis and other
|
|
|
24,410
|
|
|
|
25,008
|
|
|
|
$
|
440,495
|
|
|
$
|
1,277,923
|
|
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Revenue
from real estate lot sales is recorded when the lot is deeded, and legal ownership of the lot is transferred to the customer.
Revenue from the sale of food, wine and agricultural products is recorded when the customer obtains control of the goods purchased.
Revenues from hospitality and other services are recognized as earned at the point in time that the related service is rendered,
and the performance obligation has been satisfied.
The
timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. A receivable is recorded
when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment
precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied.
Deferred revenues associated with real estate lot sale deposits are recognized as revenues (along with any outstanding balance)
when the lot sale closes, and the deed is provided to the purchaser. Other deferred revenues primarily consist of deposits accepted
by the Company in connection with agreements to sell barrels of wine, advance deposits received for grapes and other agricultural
products, and hotel deposits. Wine barrel and agricultural product advance deposits are recognized as revenues (along with any
outstanding balance) when the product is shipped to the purchaser. Hotel deposits are recognized as revenue upon occupancy of
rooms, or the provision of services.
During
the three months ended March 31, 2019 the Company recognized $0 of revenues related to the sale of real estate lots which was
included in deferred revenues as of December 31, 2018. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company did not recognize
any revenue related to performance obligations satisfied in previous periods. Contracts related to the sale of wine, agricultural
products and hotel services have an original expected length of less than one year. The Company has elected not to disclose information
about remaining performance obligations pertaining to contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, as permitted
under the guidance.
As
of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had deferred revenue of $981,364 and $995,327, respectively, associated with
real estate lot sale deposits, and had $44,847 and $43,165, respectively, of deferred revenue related to hotel deposits. Sales
taxes and value added (“VAT”) taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are presented
on a net basis within revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Net
Loss per Common Share
Basic
loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders
by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, plus the impact of common shares, if dilutive, resulting from the
exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants and the conversion of convertible instruments.
The
following securities are excluded from the calculation of weighted average dilutive common shares because their inclusion would
have been anti-dilutive:
|
|
March
31,
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options
|
|
|
10,549,265
|
|
|
|
10,312,926
|
|
Warrants
|
|
|
1,132,609
|
|
|
|
1,389,179
|
|
Series
B convertible preferred stock
|
|
|
9,026,700
|
|
|
|
9,026,700
|
|
Convertible
debt
(1)
|
|
|
7,654,070
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Total
potentially dilutive shares
|
|
|
28,362,644
|
|
|
|
20,728,805
|
|
|
(1)
|
At
March 31, 2018, $1,239,704 of convertible debt is convertible into common stock at a 10% discount to the price used for the
sale of the of the Company’s common stock in a future private placement offering.
|
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Operating
Leases
In
February 2016, the FASB issued a new standard related to leases to increase transparency and comparability among organizations
by requiring the recognition of operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet.
Most prominent among the changes in the standard is the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases
classified as operating leases. Under the standard, disclosures are required to meet the objective of enabling users of financial
statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company is also required to recognize
and measure new leases at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption using a modified
retrospective approach, with certain practical expedients available.
The
Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) effective
January 1, 2019 and elected to apply the available practical expedients and implemented internal controls and key system functionality
to enable the preparation of financial information on adoption. ASC 842 requires the Company to make significant judgments and
estimates. As a result, the Company implemented changes to its internal controls related to lease evaluation for the three
months ended March 31, 2019. These changes include updated accounting policies affected by ASC 842 as well as redesigned internal
controls over financial reporting related to ASC 842 implementation. Additionally, the Company has expanded data gathering procedures
to comply with the additional disclosure requirements and ongoing contract review requirements. The standard had an impact on
the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets but did not have an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated
statements of operations or condensed consolidated statements of cash flows upon adoption. The most significant impact was the
recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities of 361,020, respectively, for operating leases, while the Company’s
accounting for finance leases remained substantially unchanged. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have a material impact in the
current year and prior year comparative periods and as a result, a cumulative-effect adjustment was not required.
New
Accounting Pronouncements
In
March 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-01, “Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements” (“Topic 842”)
(“ASU 2019-01”). These amendments align the guidance for fair value of the underlying asset by lessors that are not
manufacturers or dealers in Topic 842 with that of existing guidance. As a result, the fair value of the underlying asset at lease
commencement is its cost, reflecting any volume or trade discounts that may apply. However, if there has been a significant lapse
of time between when the underlying asset is acquired and when the lease commences, the definition of fair value (in Topic 820,
Fair Value Measurement) should be applied. (Issue 1). The ASU also requires lessors within the scope of Topic 942, Financial Services—Depository
and Lending, to present all “principal payments received under leases” within investing activities. (Issue 2). Finally,
the ASU exempts both lessees and lessors from having to provide certain interim disclosures in the fiscal year in which a company
adopts the new leases standard. (Issue 3). The transition and effective date provisions apply to Issue 1 and Issue 2. They do
not apply to Issue 3 because the amendments for that Issue are to the original transition requirements in Topic 842. The effective
date of those amendments is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2019-01
and its impact on its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and financial statement disclosures.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
4.
INVENTORY
Inventory
at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is comprised of the following:
|
|
March
31, 2019
|
|
|
December 31, 2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vineyard
in process
|
|
$
|
312,282
|
|
|
$
|
232,436
|
|
Wine
in process
|
|
|
755,911
|
|
|
|
747,862
|
|
Finished
wine
|
|
|
52,451
|
|
|
|
11,003
|
|
Clothing
and accessories
|
|
|
132,133
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Other
|
|
|
37,763
|
|
|
|
42,594
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,290,540
|
|
|
$
|
1,033,895
|
|
5.
INVESTMENTS AND FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The
Company retained certain affiliate warrants which are marked to market at each reporting date using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model. The Company recorded unrealized losses on the affiliate warrants of $707 and $1,628 during the quarter ended March 31,
2019 and 2018, respectively, which are included in revenues on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations
Fair
value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the Company often utilizes certain assumptions that market participants
would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and/or the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation
technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or developed by the Company. The fair value hierarchy
ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. Financial assets and liabilities carried at
fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level
1 -
Valued based on quoted prices at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities trading in active markets. Financial
instruments in this category generally include actively traded equity securities.
Level
2 -
Valued based on (a) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; (b) quoted prices for identical
or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; (c) inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the
asset or liability; or (d) from market corroborated inputs. Financial instruments in this category include certain corporate equities
that are not actively traded or are otherwise restricted.
Level
3 -
Valued based on valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs is not readily observable. Included in this
category are certain corporate debt instruments, certain private equity investments, and certain commitments and guarantees.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Investments
– Related Parties at Fair Value
As
of March 31, 2019
|
|
Level
1
|
|
|
Level
2
|
|
|
Level
3
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Warrants-
Affiliates
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
7,133
|
|
|
$
|
7,133
|
|
As
of December 31, 2018
|
|
Level
1
|
|
|
Level
2
|
|
|
Level
3
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Warrants-
Affiliates
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
7,840
|
|
|
$
|
7,840
|
|
A
reconciliation of Level 3 assets is as follows:
|
|
Warrants
|
|
Balance
- December 31, 2018
|
|
$
|
7,840
|
|
Unrealized
loss
|
|
|
(707
|
)
|
Balance
- March 31, 2019
|
|
$
|
7,133
|
|
6.
ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accrued
expenses are comprised of the following:
|
|
March
31, 2019
|
|
|
December 31, 2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued
compensation and payroll taxes
|
|
$
|
127,318
|
|
|
$
|
149,019
|
|
Accrued
taxes payable - Argentina
|
|
|
282,504
|
|
|
|
292,535
|
|
Accrued
interest
|
|
|
451,917
|
|
|
|
404,239
|
|
Other
accrued expenses
|
|
|
293,124
|
|
|
|
339,574
|
|
Accrued
expenses, current
|
|
|
1,154,863
|
|
|
|
1,185,367
|
|
Accrued
payroll tax obligations, non-current
|
|
|
47,404
|
|
|
|
57,786
|
|
Total
accrued expenses
|
|
$
|
1,202,267
|
|
|
$
|
1,243,153
|
|
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
7.
LOANS PAYABLE
The
Company’s loans payable are summarized below:
|
|
March
31, 2019
|
|
|
December
31, 2018
|
|
|
|
Gross
Principal Amount
|
|
|
Debt
Discount
|
|
|
Loans
Payable,
Net of Debt Discount
|
|
|
Gross
Principal Amount
|
|
|
Debt
Discount
|
|
|
Loans
Payable,
Net of Debt Discount
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Demand
Loan
|
|
$
|
9,222
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
9,222
|
|
|
$
|
10,647
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
10,647
|
|
2018 Loan
|
|
|
433,460
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
433,460
|
|
|
|
464,739
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
464,739
|
|
2017 Loan
|
|
|
135,336
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
135,336
|
|
|
|
168,609
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
168,609
|
|
Land
Loan
|
|
|
500,000
|
|
|
|
(31,514
|
)
|
|
|
468,486
|
|
|
|
500,000
|
|
|
|
(38,098
|
)
|
|
|
461,902
|
|
Total
Loans Payable
|
|
|
1,078,018
|
|
|
|
(31,514
|
)
|
|
|
1,046,504
|
|
|
|
1,143,995
|
|
|
|
(38,098
|
)
|
|
|
1,105,897
|
|
Less:
current portion
|
|
|
828,019
|
|
|
|
(21,592
|
)
|
|
|
806,427
|
|
|
|
893,995
|
|
|
|
(22,889
|
)
|
|
|
871,106
|
|
Loans
Payable, non-current
|
|
$
|
249,999
|
|
|
$
|
(9,922
|
)
|
|
$
|
240,077
|
|
|
$
|
250,000
|
|
|
$
|
(15,209
|
)
|
|
$
|
234,791
|
|
On
March 31, 2017, the Company received a bank loan in the amount of $519,156 (ARS $8,000,000) (the “2017 Loan”). The
loan bears interest at 24.18% per annum and is due on March 1, 2021. Principal and interest will be paid in forty-two monthly
installments beginning on October 1, 2017 and ending on March 1, 2021. The Company incurred interest expense of $23,404 and $26,508
on this loan during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. During 2018, the Company defaulted on certain
2017 Loan payments, and as a result, the 2017 Loan is currently payable upon demand. Of the decrease in principal of $33,273 on
the 2017 Loan during the three months ended March 31, 2019, $12,035 resulted from principal payments made and $21,238 resulted
from the effect of fluctuations in the foreign currency exchange rate during the period.
On
August 19, 2017, the Company purchased 845 hectares of land adjacent to its existing property at AWE. The Company paid $100,000
at the date of purchase and executed a note payable in the amount of $600,000 (the “Land Loan”) with a stated interest
rate of 0% and with quarterly payments of $50,000 beginning on December 18, 2017 and ending August 18, 2021. At the date of purchase,
the Company took possession of the property, with full use and access, and will receive the deed to the property after $400,000
of the purchase price has been paid. The Company imputed interest on the note at 7% per annum and recorded a discounted note balance
of $517,390 on August 19, 2017. Amortization of the note discount in the amount of $6,495 and $9,636 for the three months ended
March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, is recorded as interest expense on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of
operations. The balance on the note was $468,486, net of debt discount of $31,514 on March 31, 2019, of which $228,409 (net of
discount of $21,592) is included in loans payable, net, current and $240,077 (net of discount of $9,923) is included in loans
payable, net, non-current in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
On
January 25, 2018 the Company received a bank loan in the amount of $525,000 (the “2018 Loan”), denominated in U.S.
dollars. The loan bears interest at 6.75% per annum and is due on January 25, 2023. Principal and interest will be paid in 60
equal monthly installments of $10,311, beginning on February 23, 2018. During 2018, the Company defaulted on certain 2018 Loan
payments, and as a result, the 2018 Loan is currently payable upon demand. The Company incurred interest expense of $7,563 and
$5,769 on this loan during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
On
June 4, 2018 the Company received a loan in the amount of $55,386 (ARS $1,600,000) which bears interest at 10% per month and is
due upon demand of the lender (the “Demand Loan”). Interest is paid monthly. The Company incurred interest expense
on this loan of $3,360 during the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease in the principal balance of the Demand Loan
during the period is the result of changes in the foreign currency exchange rate during the period.
8.
CONVERTIBLE DEBT OBLIGATIONS
The
Company’s convertible debt obligations are summarized below:
|
|
March 31, 2019
|
|
|
December 31, 2018
|
|
|
|
Principal
|
|
|
Interest [1]
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Principal
|
|
|
Interest [1]
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010 Debt Obligations
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
287,932
|
|
|
$
|
287,932
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
279,735
|
|
|
$
|
279,735
|
|
Convertible Notes
|
|
|
1,221,854
|
|
|
|
98,067
|
|
|
|
1,319,921
|
|
|
|
1,251,854
|
|
|
|
75,013
|
|
|
|
1,326,867
|
|
Gaucho Notes
|
|
|
2,266,800
|
|
|
|
53,400
|
|
|
|
2,320,200
|
|
|
|
1,480,800
|
|
|
|
18,787
|
|
|
|
1,499,587
|
|
Total Debt Obligations
|
|
$
|
3,488,654
|
|
|
$
|
439,399
|
|
|
$
|
3,928,053
|
|
|
$
|
2,732,654
|
|
|
$
|
373,535
|
|
|
$
|
3,106,189
|
|
|
[1]
|
Accrued
interest is included as a component of accrued expenses on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
|
During
an offering that ended on September 30, 2010, IPG issued convertible notes with an interest rate of 8% and an amended maturity
date of March 31, 2011 (the “2010 Debt Obligations”). During 2017, the Company repaid the remaining principal balance
of $162,500, such that as of December 31, 2017, there is no principal balance owed on the 2010 Debt Obligations. Accrued interest
of $287,932 and $279,735 owed on the 2010 Debt Obligations remained outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
The Company incurred interest expense of $8,197 and $9,153 during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively,
on the 2010 Debt Obligations. Accrued interest on the 2010 Debt Obligations is not convertible.
On
December 31, 2017, the Company sold a convertible promissory note in the amount of $20,000 to an accredited investor. During 2018,
the Company sold additional convertible promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $2,026,730 (together, the “Convertible
Notes”). The Convertible Notes mature 90 days from the date of issuance, bear interest at 8% per annum and are convertible
into the Company’s common stock at $0.63 per share, which represented a 10% discount to the price used for the sale of the
Company’s common stock at the commitment date. The conversion option represented a beneficial conversion feature in the
amount of $227,414 which was recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital. Debt discount
is amortized over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. During 2018, principal and interest of $794,875 and
$15,000, respectively, were converted into 1,285,517 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $0.63 per share. During the
three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company repaid principal and interest of $30,000 and $2,151, respectively. The Company
incurred total interest expense of $25,205 and $4,225 related to this debt during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018,
respectively. The remaining principal balance owed on the Convertible Notes of $1,221,854 is past due as of March 31, 2019.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
During 2018, the Company’s
subsidiary, Gaucho Group, Inc., sold convertible promissory notes in the amount of $1,480,800 to accredited investors. Between
January 1, 2019 and March 12, 2019, Gaucho Group, Inc. sold convertible promissory notes in the amount of $786,000 to accredited
investors (together, the “Gaucho Notes”). In January 2019, management of GG gave the option to the noteholders of
extending the maturity date from December 31, 2018 to March 31, 2019 of their specific Gaucho Notes. The Gaucho Notes, as amended,
bear interest at 7% per annum and mature and became due on March 31, 2019. All holders of Gaucho Notes agreed to
extend the maturity date to March 31, 2019. The Gaucho Notes and related accrued interest are convertible into GG common stock
at the option of the holder, at a price representing 20% discount to the share price in a future offering of GG common stock.
The Company is currently in the process of obtaining consent to convert the Gaucho Notes into shares of common stock of GG
at a price per share of $0.40. The Company incurred total interest expense of $34,615 related to the Gaucho Notes during the three
months ended March 31, 2019.
9.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Assets
Accounts
receivable – related parties of $112,241 and $71,650 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, represent the
net realizable value of advances made to related, but independent, entities under common management, of which $83,004 and $4,644
respectively, represents amounts owed to the Company in connection with expense sharing agreements as described below.
See
Note 5 – Investments and Fair Value of Financial Instruments, for a discussion of the Company’s investment in warrants
of a related, but independent, entity.
Expense
Sharing
On
April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an agreement with a related, but independent, entity under common management, of which
GGH’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and GGH’s Chief Financial
Officer (“CFO”) is Chief Financial Officer, to share expenses such as office space, support staff and other operating
expenses. The agreement was amended on January 1, 2017 to reflect the current use of personnel, office space, professional services.
During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded a contra-expense of $69,829 related to the reimbursement
of general and administrative expenses as a result of the agreement. The entity owed $83,004 and $4,644, respectively, as of March
31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, under such and similar prior agreements.
The
Company had an expense sharing agreement with a different related entity to share expenses such as office space and other clerical
services which was terminated in August 2017. The owners of more than 5% of that entity include (i) GGH’s chairman, and
(ii) a more than 5% owner of GGH. The entity owed $396,116 to the Company under the expense sharing agreement at each of March
31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, of which the entire balance is deemed unrecoverable and reserved.
10.
BENEFIT CONTRIBUTION PLAN
The
Company sponsors a 401(k) profit-sharing plan (“401(k) Plan”) that covers substantially all of its employees in the
United States. The 401(k) Plan provides for a discretionary annual contribution, which is allocated in proportion to compensation.
In addition, each participant may elect to contribute to the 401(k) Plan by way of a salary deduction. A participant is always
fully vested in their account, including the Company’s contribution. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018,
the Company recorded a charge associated with its contribution of $13,312 and $ 20,446, respectively. This charge has been included
as a component of general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The
Company issues shares of its common stock to settle prior year’s obligations based on the fair market value of its common
stock on the date the shares are issued (shares were issued at $0.35 and $0.70 per share for the three months ended March 31,
2019 and 2018, respectively).
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
11.
TEMPORARY EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY
Series
B Preferred Stock
The
Series B stockholders are entitled to cumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of 8% of the Series B liquidation value (equal
to face value of $10 per share), as defined, payable when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors. Cumulative dividends
earned by the Series B stockholders were $177,795 and $155,791 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Dividends payable of $85,223 are included in the current portion of other liabilities at March 31, 2019. Cumulative unpaid dividends
in arrears related to the Series B totaled $721,099 and $546,335 as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Common
Stock
Between
February 8, 2019 and March 27, 2019, GGH sold a total of 2,527,857 shares of its common stock to accredited investors for total
gross proceeds of $884,750.
On
March 13, 2019, the Company issued 181,185 shares of common stock at $0.35 per share to employees for the year ended December
31, 2018 of the 401(k) profit sharing plan.
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For
three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded $8,339 and $(285,609), respectively, of foreign currency translation
adjustment as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), primarily related to fluctuations in the Argentine peso to United
States dollar exchange rates (see Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Highly Inflationary Status in Argentina).
Warrants
A
summary of warrants activity during the three months ended March 31, 2019 is presented below:
|
|
Number of Warrants
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price
|
|
|
Weighted Average Remaining Life in Years
|
|
|
Intrinsic Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding, December 31, 2018
|
|
|
1,229,630
|
|
|
|
2.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issued
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cancelled
|
|
|
(97,021
|
)
|
|
|
2.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding, March 31, 2019
|
|
|
1,132,609
|
|
|
$
|
2.14
|
|
|
|
1.60
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable, March 31, 2019
|
|
|
1,132,609
|
|
|
$
|
2.14
|
|
|
|
1.60
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
A
summary of outstanding and exercisable warrants as of March 31, 2019 is presented below:
Warrants Outstanding
|
|
|
Warrants Exercisable
|
|
Exercise Price
|
|
|
Exercisable Into
|
|
Outstanding Number of Warrants
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Remaining
Life in Years
|
|
|
Exercisable Number of Warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
2.00
|
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
741,879
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
|
741,879
|
|
$
|
2.30
|
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
202,423
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
202,423
|
|
$
|
2.50
|
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
188,307
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
|
188,307
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
1,132,609
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,132,609
|
|
Stock
Options
On
January 31, 2019, the Company granted five-year options for the purchase of 1,350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock
under the 2018 Plan, of which options for the purchase of 1,100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were granted to
certain employees of the Company, options for the purchase of 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were granted
to certain members of the Board of Directors and options for the purchase of 150,000 shares of the Company’s common stock
were granted to consultants. The options had an exercise price of $0.385 per share and vest 25% at the first anniversary of date
of grant, with the remaining shares vesting ratably on a quarterly basis over the following three years. The options had an aggregate
grant date fair value of $200,092, which will be recognized ratably over the vesting period.
The
Company has computed the fair value of options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used in applying
the Black-Scholes option pricing model during the three months ended March 31, 2019 are as follows:
|
|
For the Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risk free interest rate
|
|
|
2.43
|
%
|
|
|
2.56
|
%
|
Expected term (years)
|
|
|
3.6 - 5.0
|
|
|
|
5.0
|
|
Expected volatility
|
|
|
52.00
|
%
|
|
|
43.50
|
%
|
Expected dividends
|
|
|
0.00
|
%
|
|
|
0.00
|
%
|
The
weighted average estimated fair value of the stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2019 was approximately
$0.15 per share. The weighted average estimated fair value of the stock options granted during the three months ended March 31,
2018 was approximately $0.47 per share.
During
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $157,994 and $183,220,
respectively, related to stock option grants, which is reflected as general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed
consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2019, there was $1,091,654 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense
related to stock option grants that will be amortized over a weighted average period of 2.91 years.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
A
summary of options activity during the three months ended March 31, 2019 is presented below:
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
Remaining
|
|
|
Intrinsic
|
|
|
|
Options
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
Term (Yrs)
|
|
|
Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding, December 31, 2018
|
|
|
9,499,265
|
|
|
|
1.65
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
1,350,000
|
|
|
|
0.39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expired
|
|
|
(75,000
|
)
|
|
|
1.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
(225,000
|
)
|
|
|
1.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding, March 31, 2019
|
|
|
10,549,265
|
|
|
$
|
1.50
|
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable, March 31, 2019
|
|
|
5,696,780
|
|
|
$
|
2.16
|
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
The
following table presents information related to stock options at March 31, 2019:
Options Outstanding
|
|
|
Options Exercisable
|
|
Exercise Price
|
|
|
Outstanding
Number of Options
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Remaining Life in Years
|
|
|
Exercisable
Number of Options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
|
|
1,350,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
$
|
0.54
|
|
|
|
1,500,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
$
|
0.77
|
|
|
|
1,320,000
|
|
|
|
3.9
|
|
|
|
330,000
|
|
$
|
1.10
|
|
|
|
1,070,000
|
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
|
|
334,380
|
|
$
|
2.20
|
|
|
|
3,071,890
|
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
|
2,813,025
|
|
$
|
2.48
|
|
|
|
2,237,375
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
2,219,375
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,549,265
|
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
|
5,696,780
|
|
12.
LEASES
The
Company leases one corporate office through an operating lease agreement. The Company has an obligation for its corporate office
located in New York, New York, through 2020. As of March 31, 2019, the lease had a remaining term of approximately 1.4 years.
Over the duration of the lease, payments will escalate 3% every year.
As
of March 31, 2019, the Company had no leases that were classified as a financing lease. As of March 31, 2019, the Company did
not have additional operating and financing leases that have not yet commenced.
Total
operating lease expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $57,816 and is recorded in general and administrative expenses
on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Total rent expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $56,892
and is recorded in general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
GAUCHO
GROUP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Supplemental
cash flows information related to leases was as follows:
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
Operating cash flows from operating leases
|
|
$
|
59,499
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases
|
|
$
|
361,020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases
|
|
|
1.42
years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Discount Rate:
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases
|
|
|
8.0
|
%
|
Future
minimum payments under non-cancellable leases as of March 31, 2019 were as follows:
For the Years Ending December 31,
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
$
|
180,877
|
|
2020
|
|
|
163,424
|
|
Total future minimum lease payments
|
|
|
344,301
|
|
Less: imputed interest
|
|
|
(20,312
|
)
|
Total
|
|
$
|
323,989
|
|
13.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal
Matters
The Company is involved
in litigation and arbitrations from time to time in the ordinary course of business. After consulting legal counsel, the
Company does not believe that the outcome of any such pending or threatened litigation will have a material adverse effect on
its financial condition or results of operations. However, as is inherent in legal proceedings, there is a risk that an unpredictable
decision adverse to the Company could be reached. The Company records legal costs associated with loss contingencies as incurred.
Settlements are accrued when, and if, they become probable and estimable.
14.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Management
has evaluated all subsequent events to determine if events or transactions occurring through the date the condensed consolidated
financial statements were issued, require adjustment to or disclosure in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
Common
Stock
Between
April 1, 2019 and May 9, 2019, GGH sold a total of 2,902,143 shares of its common stock to accredited investors for total gross
proceeds of $1,015,750.
Foreign
Currency Exchange Rates
The
Argentine peso to United States dollar exchange rate was 45.213, 43.373 and 37.569 at May 09, March 31, 2019 and December
31, 2018, respectively.
The
British pound to United States dollar exchange rate was 0.7687, 0.7679 and 0.7851 at May 09, March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018,
respectively.
Item
2: MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The
following discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto
included herein. In connection with, and because we desire to take advantage of, the “safe harbor” provisions of the
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, we caution readers regarding certain forward looking statements in the following
discussion and elsewhere in this report and in any other statement made by, or on our behalf, whether or not in future filings
with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements are statements not based on historical information and
which relate to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Forward looking statements are necessarily
based upon estimates and assumptions that are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties
and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control and many of which, with respect to future business decisions, are subject
to change. These uncertainties and contingencies can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially
from those expressed in any forward looking statements made by, or on our behalf. Words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,”
“plan,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,”
“may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” and similar expressions are used to identify
forward-looking statements. We disclaim any obligation to update forward-looking statements.
The
independent registered public accounting firm’s report on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of December
31, 2018, and for each of the years in the two-year period then ended, includes a “going concern” explanatory paragraph,
that describes substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Unless
the context requires otherwise, references in this document to “
GGH
”, “we”, “our”,
“us” or the “Company” are to Gaucho Group Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Overview
We
are an integrated, lifestyle related real estate development company, capitalizing on our unique brand of affordable luxury, branded
as “Algodon”, to create a diverse set of interrelated products and services. Our wines, hotels and real estate ventures,
currently concentrated in Argentina, offer a blend of high-end, luxury and adventures products. We hope to further broaden the
reach and depth of our services to strengthen and cement the reach of our brand. Ultimately, we intend to further expand and grow
our business by combining unique and promising opportunities with our brand and clientele.
Through
our subsidiaries, we currently operate Algodon Mansion, a Buenos Aires-based luxury boutique hotel property and we have redeveloped,
expanded and repositioned a winery and golf resort property called Algodon Wine Estates for subdivision of a portion of this property
for residential development.
Investment
in foreign real estate requires consideration of certain risks typically not associated with investing in the United States. Such
risks include, trade balances and imbalances and related economic policies, unfavorable currency exchange rate fluctuations, imposition
of exchange control regulation by the United States or foreign governments, United States and foreign withholding taxes, limitations
on the removal of funds or other assets, policies of governments with respect to possible nationalization of their industries,
political difficulties, including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation and economic or political instability in foreign
nations or changes in laws which affect foreign investors.
Recent
Developments and Trends
In
2016, GGH formed a new wholly-owned subsidiary, Gaucho Group Inc. (“GG”), and in 2019, the entity became active in
the manufacture and sale of high-end fashion and accessories in Argentina. As of March 31, 2019, GG was still in the final stage
of development and not yet operational. GGH’s senior management is based in its corporate offices in New York City. GGH’s
local operations are managed by professional staff with substantial hotel, hospitality and resort experience in Buenos Aires and
San Rafael, Argentina.
Financings
During
the three months ended March 31, 2019, we raised, net of repayments, approximately $1.6 million of new capital including $0.7
million through the issuance convertible debt and $0.9 million through the issuance of equity (common stock). We used the net
proceeds from these issuances for general working capital and capital expenditures.
Liquidity
As
reflected in our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, we have generated significant losses which have resulted
in a total accumulated deficit of approximately $82,623,456, raising substantial doubt that we will be able to continue operations
as a going concern. Our independent registered public accounting firm included an explanatory paragraph in their report for the
years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, stating that we have incurred significant losses and need to raise additional funds to
meet our obligations and sustain our operations. Our ability to execute our business plan is dependent upon our generating cash
flow and obtaining additional debt or equity capital sufficient to fund operations. If we are able to obtain additional debt or
equity capital (of which there can be no assurance), we hope to acquire additional management as well as increase the marketing
of our products and continue the development of our real estate holdings.
Our
business strategy may not be successful in addressing these issues and there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain
any additional capital. If we cannot execute our business plan on a timely basis (including acquiring additional capital), our
stockholders may lose their entire investment in us, because we may have to delay vendor payments and/or initiate cost reductions,
which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and we could ultimately
be forced to discontinue our operations, liquidate and/or seek reorganization under the U.S. bankruptcy code.
Consolidated
Results of Operations
Three
months March 31, 2019 compared to three months ended March 31, 2018
Overview
We
reported net losses of approximately $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
Revenues
Revenues
were approximately $440,000 and $1,278,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, representing a
decrease of $838,000 or 66%. Decreases in real estate lot revenue of approximately $800,000 and decreases of approximately $516,000
resulting from the impact of the decline in the value of the Argentine peso vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar for the three
months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, were partially offset by approximately $349,000
increase in hotel and restaurant revenues.
Gross
profit
We
generated a gross profit of approximately $212,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 as compared to a gross profit of
approximately $702,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2018, representing a decrease of $490,000 or 70%. Cost of sales, which
consists of real estate lots, raw materials, direct labor and indirect labor associated with our business activities, decreased
by approximately $347,000 from $576,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 to $229,000 for the three months ended March
31, 2019. The decrease in cost of sales results primarily from the impact of the decline in the value of the Argentine peso vis-à-vis
the U.S. dollar and a decrease in cost of sales as a result of the decrease in revenues.
Selling
and marketing expenses
Selling
and marketing expenses were approximately $111,000 and $98,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively,
representing an increase of $13,000 or 30% in 2019, primarily resulting from the Gaucho Group marketing event held in the first
quarter of 2019.
General
and administrative expenses
General
and administrative expenses were approximately $1,378,000 and $1,952,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively,
representing a decrease of $574,000 or 29%. The decrease resulted from decreases of approximately $60,000 in professional fees,
approximately $80,000 in shareholder travel expenses, and approximately $207,000 resulting from the decline in the value of the
Argentine peso vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March
31, 2018.
Depreciation
and amortization expense
Depreciation
and amortization expense was approximately $50,000 and $7,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively,
representing an increase of $43,000.
Interest
expense, net
Interest
expense, net was approximately $122,000 and $70,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, representing
an increase of $52,000 or 74%. The increase is primarily due to the increase in debt principal outstanding during the period.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
We
measure our liquidity a variety of ways, including the following:
|
|
March 31, 2019
|
|
|
December 31, 2018
|
|
Cash
|
|
$
|
63,912
|
|
|
$
|
58,488
|
|
Working Captial (Deficiency)
|
|
$
|
(4,480,708
|
)
|
|
$
|
(4,188,924
|
)
|
Based
upon our working capital deficiency as of March 31, 2019, we require additional equity and/or debt financing in order to sustain
operations. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
We
have relied primarily on debt and equity private placement offerings to third party independent, accredited investors to sustain
operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we received proceeds of $786,000 from the issuance of convertible debt.
We also received approximately $885,000 of proceeds from the sale of common stock.
Between
April 1, 2019 and May 9, 2019, GGH sold a total of 2,902,143 shares of its common stock to accredited investors for total gross
proceeds of $1,015,750.
The
proceeds from these financing activities were used to fund our existing operating deficits, legal and accounting expenses associated
with being a public company, capital expenditures associated with our real estate development projects, enhanced marketing efforts
to increase revenues and the general working capital needs of the business.
Availability
of Additional Funds
As
a result of the above developments, we have been able to sustain operations. However, we will need to raise additional capital
in order to meet our future liquidity needs for operating expenses, capital expenditures for the winery expansion and to further
invest in our real estate development. If we are unable to obtain adequate funds on reasonable terms, we may be required to significantly
curtail or discontinue operations.
Sources
and Uses of Cash for the Three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018
Net
Cash Used in Operating Activities
Net
cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to approximately $1,583,000 and
$1,192,000, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the net cash used in operating activities was primarily
attributable to the net loss of approximately $1,401,000, adjusted for approximately $234,000 of net non-cash expenses, and approximately
$416,000 of cash provided by changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities. During the three months ended March 31,
2018, the net cash used in operating activities was primarily attributable to the net loss of approximately $1,425,000, adjusted
for approximately $194,000 of net non-cash expenses, and approximately $39,000 of cash provided by changes in the levels of operating
assets and liabilities.
Net
Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net
cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to approximately $18,000 and
$234,000, respectively. Cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively,
resulted entirely from the purchase of property and equipment.
Net
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net
cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to approximately $1,598,000
and $1,719,000, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the net cash provided by financing activities resulted
primarily from approximately $786,000 of proceeds from convertible debt obligations and approximately $885,000 of proceeds from
common stock offerings, partially offset by debt and loan repayments of approximately $73,000. For the three months ended
March 31, 2018, the net cash provided by financing activities resulted primarily from approximately $1,220,000 of proceeds from
convertible debt obligations and approximately $525,000 of proceeds from the issuance of loans payable, partially offset by loan
repayments of approximately $26,000.
Going
Concern and Management’s Liquidity Plans
The
accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern,
which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.
As discussed in Note 2 to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, we have not achieved a sufficient level
of revenues to support our business and development activities and have suffered substantial recurring losses from operations
since our inception, which conditions raise substantial doubt that we will be able to continue operations as a going concern.
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if we were
unable to continue as a going concern.
Based
on current cash on hand and subsequent activity as described herein, we may not have sufficient funds to operate our business
operations for the next twelve months. While we are exploring opportunities with third parties and related parties to provide
some or all of the capital we need over the short and long terms, we have not entered into any external agreement to provide us
with the necessary capital. Historically, the Company has been successful in raising funds to support our capital needs. If we
are unable to obtain additional financing on a timely basis, we may have to delay vendor payments and/or initiate cost reductions,
which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and ultimately, we
could be forced to discontinue our operations, liquidate and/or seek reorganization under the U.S. bankruptcy code. As a result,
our auditors have issued a going concern opinion in conjunction with their audits of our December 31, 2018 and 2017 consolidated
financial statements.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
None.
Contractual
Obligations
As
a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information requested by paragraph (a)(5) of this Item.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
There
are no material changes from the critical accounting policies, estimates and new accounting pronouncements set forth in “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed
with the SEC on April 1, 2019. Please refer to that document for disclosures regarding the critical accounting policies related
to our business.