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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-226597
The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is not complete and may be changed. A registration statement
relating to the notes has become effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. This preliminary prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell the notes and it is not soliciting an offer to
buy the notes in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus Supplement dated August 6, 2018
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT
(To prospectus dated August 6, 2018)
$500,000,000
SM ENERGY COMPANY
% Senior Notes due 2027
We are offering $500,000,000 aggregate principal amount of our % Senior Notes due 2027, or the notes. We will
pay interest on the
notes on and of each year, beginning
on , 2019. The notes will mature
on , 2027.
We
may redeem some or all of the notes at any time on or after , 2022 at the redemption prices described in this prospectus supplement and prior to such date at a
"make-whole" redemption price. We may also redeem up to 35% of the notes prior to , 2021 with cash proceeds we receive from certain equity offerings. If we sell certain assets and
do
not reinvest the proceeds or repay senior indebtedness or if we experience specific kinds of changes of control, we must offer to repurchase the notes.
The
notes will be our senior unsecured obligations and will rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness and senior in right of payment to
all of our existing and future subordinated indebtedness. The notes will be effectively subordinated to any of our existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the collateral
securing such indebtedness, including all borrowings under our Credit Agreement. The notes will be structurally subordinated to all liabilities of any of our subsidiaries that do not issue guarantees
of the notes.
The
obligations under the notes will initially not be guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries. Currently, our subsidiaries do not guarantee our indebtedness under our credit facility.
Investing in the notes involves a high degree of risk. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-15 of this prospectus supplement.
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Per Note
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Total
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Public offering price
(1)
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$
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$
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Underwriting discounts and commissions
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$
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$
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Proceeds to us, before expenses
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$
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$
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(1)
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Plus
accrued interest, if any, from , 2018.
Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the notes or determined if this prospectus supplement or the
accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The
notes will be ready for delivery in book-entry form only through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company for the accounts of its participants, including Euroclear
Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear System, and Clearstream Banking, société anonyme, on or about , 2018.
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Joint Book-Running Managers
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BofA Merrill Lynch
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Wells Fargo Securities
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J.P. Morgan
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Barclays
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BBVA
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RBC Capital Markets
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Senior Co-Managers
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Capital One Securities
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Scotiabank
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Comerica Securities
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Co-Managers
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BOK Financial Securities, Inc.
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KeyBanc Capital Markets
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US Bancorp
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Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co.
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The date of this prospectus supplement is , 2018.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
S-i
Table of Contents
We
expect that delivery of the Notes will be made to investors on or about , 2018, which will be
the business day following the date of this prospectus
supplement (such settlement being referred to as "T+ "). Under Rule 15c6-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Securities Exchange Act"), trades in the secondary
market are required to settle in two business days, unless the parties to any such trade express agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade Notes prior to the delivery of the Notes
hereunder will be required, by virtue of the fact that the Notes initially settle in T+ , to specify an alternate settlement arrangement at the time of any such trade to prevent a failed
settlement. Purchasers of the Notes who wish to trade the Notes prior to their date of delivery hereunder should consult their advisors.
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS
This document is in two parts. The first part is the prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering and also adds
to and updates information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into the accompanying prospectus. The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which
gives more general information about securities we may offer from time to time, some of which may not apply to this offering. Generally, when we refer to this prospectus, we are referring to both this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Before you invest in our notes, you should carefully read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, in addition to the
information contained in the documents we refer to under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation by Reference" in this prospectus supplement.
You
should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any free writing prospectus we may
authorize to be delivered to you. If any information varies between this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or documents incorporated by reference herein prior to the date of this
prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide you with additional or
different information. If anyone provides you with additional, different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these
securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
The
information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus or in any document incorporated by reference herein or therein is accurate and complete only as
of the date hereof or thereof, respectively, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus or of any sale of our notes by us or the underwriters. Our
business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
Unless
otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, the terms "SM Energy," "the Company," "we," "us" and "our" in this prospectus supplement mean SM Energy Company, a Delaware
corporation, and its subsidiaries. Certain oil and natural gas industry terms used in this prospectus supplement are defined in the "Glossary of Oil and Natural Gas Terms" beginning on
page S-109 of this prospectus supplement.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act, and we file annual, quarterly and other reports and other
information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). You may read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the SEC's public reference room at 100 F Street NE, Washington,
D.C. 20549-2521. Please call 1-800-732-0330 for further information concerning the operation of the public reference room. Our SEC filings are also available on the SEC's web site at
http://www.sec.gov.
Unless specifically listed under "Incorporation by
S-ii
Table of Contents
Reference"
below, the information contained on the SEC web site is not intended to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and you should not consider that information a part of
this prospectus supplement.
We
make available free of charge on or through our Internet website,
http://www.sm-energy.com
, our Annual Report on Form 10-K,
Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act as
soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. In addition, information contained on our Internet website is not part of this prospectus
supplement and does not constitute a part of this prospectus supplement.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
We "incorporate by reference" in this prospectus supplement certain documents that we have previously filed with the SEC. This means that we
are disclosing important information to you without actually including that information in this prospectus supplement by referring you to other documents that we have filed separately with the SEC.
The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus supplement. Information that we later provide to the SEC, and which is deemed "filed" with the SEC, will automatically
update information that we previously filed with the SEC, and may replace information in this prospectus supplement and information that we previously filed with the SEC. We incorporate by reference
the following documents in this prospectus supplement, which you should review in connection with this prospectus supplement:
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our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, filed with the SEC on February 21, 2018 ("2017
Form 10-K");
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our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on May 4, 2018 ("First Quarter
2018 Form 10-Q"), and for the period ended June 30, 2018, filed with the SEC on August 2, 2018 ("Second Quarter 2018 Form 10-Q"); and
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our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 11, 2018, May 29, 2018, May 31, 2018, and
June 19, 2018, excluding any information furnished pursuant to Item 2.02, Item 7.01 or Item 9.01 on any Current Report on Form 8-K.
We
also incorporate by reference each of the documents that we file with the SEC (excluding those filings made under Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or other information
furnished to the SEC) under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act on or after the date of this prospectus supplement and before the termination of the offering of
notes under this prospectus supplement shall be deemed to be incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference and to be a part hereof from the date of the filing of such documents. Any
statements made in such documents will automatically update and supersede the information contained in this prospectus supplement, and any statements made in this prospectus supplement update and
supersede the information contained in past SEC filings incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
We
will provide, at no cost to you, a copy of all documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom we deliver
this prospectus supplement, upon written or oral request. You may request a copy of these filings by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:
Investor
Relations
SM Energy Company
1775 Sherman Street, Suite 1200
Denver, Colorado 80203
(303) 861-8140
information@sm-energy.com
S-iii
Table of Contents
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the "Securities Act") and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this prospectus supplement that address
activities, events, or developments with respect to our financial condition, results of operations, or economic performance that we expect, believe, or anticipate will or may occur in the future, or
that address plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words "anticipate," "assume," "believe," "budget," "estimate," "expect," "forecast,"
"intend," "plan," "project," "will," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements appear throughout this prospectus supplement, and include
statements about such matters as:
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the amount and nature of future capital expenditures and the availability of liquidity and capital resources to fund capital expenditures;
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our outlook on future oil, gas, and NGL prices, well costs, and service costs;
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the drilling of wells and other exploration and development activities and plans, as well as possible acquisitions or divestitures;
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the possible divestiture or farm-down of, or joint venture relating to, certain properties;
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proved reserve estimates and the estimates of both future net revenues and the present value of future net revenues associated with those
proved reserve estimates;
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future oil, gas, and NGL production estimates;
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cash flows, anticipated liquidity, and the future repayment of debt;
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business strategies and other plans and objectives for future operations, including plans for expansion and growth of operations or to defer
capital investment, and our outlook on our future financial condition or results of operations; and
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other similar matters such as those discussed in the "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"
section in Part II, Item 7 of our 2017 Form 10-K.
Our
forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future
developments, and other factors that we believe are appropriate under the circumstances. These statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which may cause our
actual results and performance to be materially different from any future results or performance expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Some of these risks are described in the
Risk Factors
section in Part I, Item 1A of our 2017 Form 10-K, and include such factors
as:
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the volatility of oil, gas, and NGL prices, and the effect it may have on our profitability, financial condition, cash flows, access to
capital, and ability to grow production volumes and/or proved reserves;
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weakness in economic conditions and uncertainty in financial markets;
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our ability to replace reserves in order to sustain production;
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our ability to raise the substantial amount of capital required to develop and/or replace our reserves;
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our ability to compete against competitors that have greater financial, technical, and human
resources;
S-iv
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our ability to attract and retain key personnel;
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the imprecise estimations of our actual quantities and present value of proved oil, gas, and NGL reserves;
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the uncertainty in evaluating recoverable reserves and estimating expected benefits or liabilities;
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the possibility that exploration and development drilling may not result in commercially producible reserves;
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our limited control over activities on outside-operated properties;
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our reliance on the skill, availability and expertise of third-party service providers on our operated properties;
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the possibility that title to properties in which we have an interest may be defective;
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our planned drilling in existing or emerging resource plays using some of the latest available horizontal drilling and completion techniques is
subject to drilling and completion risks and may not meet our expectations for reserves or production;
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the uncertainties associated with acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, farm-downs, farm-outs and similar transactions with respect to
certain assets, including whether such transactions will be consummated or completed in the form or timing and for the value that we anticipate;
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the uncertainties associated with enhanced recovery methods;
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our commodity derivative contracts may result in financial losses or may limit the prices we receive for oil, gas, and NGL sales;
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the inability of one or more of our service providers, customers, or contractual counterparties to meet their obligations;
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our ability to deliver required quantities of oil, gas, NGLs, or produced water to contractual counterparties;
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price declines or unsuccessful exploration or delineation efforts resulting in write-downs of our asset carrying values;
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the impact that depressed oil, gas, or NGL prices could have on our borrowing capacity under our credit agreement;
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the possibility our amount of debt may limit our ability to obtain financing for acquisitions, make us more vulnerable to adverse economic
conditions, and make it more difficult for us to make payments on our debt;
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the possibility that covenants in our credit agreement or the indentures and supplemental indentures (referred to together in this prospectus
supplement as the "indentures") governing our senior notes and senior convertible notes may limit our discretion in the operation of our business, prohibit us from engaging in beneficial transactions,
or lead to the accelerated payment of our debt;
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operating and environmental risks and hazards that could result in substantial losses;
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the impact of seasonal weather conditions and lease stipulations on our ability to conduct drilling
activities;
S-v
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our ability to acquire adequate supplies of water and dispose of or recycle water we use at a reasonable cost in accordance with environmental
and other applicable rules;
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complex laws and regulations, including environmental regulations, that result in substantial costs and other risks;
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the availability and capacity of gathering, transportation, processing, and/or refining facilities;
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our ability to sell and/or receive market prices for our oil, gas, and NGLs;
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new technologies may cause our current exploration and drilling methods to become obsolete;
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the possibility of security threats, including terrorist attacks and cybersecurity attacks and breaches, against, or otherwise impacting, our
facilities and systems; and
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litigation, environmental matters, the potential impact of legislation and government regulations, and the use of management estimates
regarding such matters.
We
caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results or performance may be materially different from those expressed or implied in
the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement speak as of the filing date of this prospectus supplement. Although we may from time to time voluntarily
update our prior forward-looking statements, we disclaim any commitment to do so except as required by securities laws.
S-vi
Table of Contents
SUMMARY
This prospectus supplement summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, the
accompanying prospectus, and the documents we incorporate by reference. It does not contain all of the information that you should consider before making an investment decision. For a more complete
understanding of our business and this offering, you should carefully read the entire prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein, including
our historical financial statements and the notes thereto, which are incorporated herein by reference from our 2017 Form 10-K, our First Quarter 2018 Form 10-Q and our Second Quarter
2018 Form 10-Q. You should read "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-15 of this prospectus supplement, on page 4 of the accompanying prospectus and Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in our 2017
Form 10-K, First Quarter 2018 Form 10-Q and Second Quarter 2018 Form 10-Q, for more information about important risks that you should consider before making a decision to invest
in our notes.
Certain information with respect to our estimated proved reserves referred to and incorporated by reference herein is based in part upon the audit of our proved
reserve estimates by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., a firm of independent petroleum engineers. Such information is included and incorporated herein in reliance on the authority of such firm as an
expert in petroleum engineering.
SM Energy Company
We are an independent energy company engaged in the acquisition, exploration, development, and production of crude oil and condensate, natural
gas, and NGLs in onshore North America. We currently have material core producing assets and acreage positions in the Midland Basin and Eagle Ford shale in Texas. During 2016 and 2017, and continuing
through 2018, we made several proved and unproved property acquisitions and acreage trades in the Midland Basin, while divesting non-core assets in other areas. By actively managing our asset
portfolio in this way, we are seeking to concentrate our investments in areas with the highest economic returns and provide value through accelerated development activity.
Our
strategic objective is to be a premier operator of top tier assets. We seek to maximize the value of our assets by applying industry leading technology and outstanding operational
execution. Our portfolio is comprised of unconventional resource prospects with expanding prospective drilling opportunities, which we believe provide for long-term production and reserves growth. We
focus on achieving high full-cycle economic returns on our investments and maintaining a strong balance sheet.
Corporate Information
We were founded in 1908 and incorporated in Delaware in 1915. Our initial public offering of common stock was in December 1992. Our common
stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") under the ticker symbol "SM." Our principal offices are located at 1775 Sherman Street, Suite 1200, Denver, Colorado 80203, and our
telephone number is (303) 861-8140. Our website address is
www.sm-energy.com
; information included or referred to on our website is not part of
this prospectus supplement.
Recent Developments
Redemption of 2021 Notes
On July 16, 2018, we redeemed all of our approximately $344.6 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of the 6.500% Senior
Notes due 2021 (the "2021 Notes"). The aggregate redemption price, including accrued interest, for the 2021 Notes was $355.9 million and was funded with cash on hand.
S-1
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Concurrent Tender Offer
On August 6, 2018, we announced that we had commenced a tender offer (the "Tender Offer") to purchase for cash (i) up to
$85.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 6.125% Senior Notes due 2022 (the "2022 Notes") and (ii) any and all of our 6.500% Senior Notes due 2023 (the "2023 Notes" and,
together with the 2022 Notes, the "Tender Offer Notes"). The Tender Offer is currently scheduled to expire at 11:59 p.m., New York City time, on August 31, 2018, unless extended by us.
We are offering to purchase the 2022 Notes and the 2023 Notes for $1,036.25 and $1,025.00, respectively, per each $1,000 principal amount of the correspondent Tender Offer Notes for holders that
validly tender and not validly withdraw such Notes prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time on August 17, 2018, together with accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the
applicable settlement of the Tender Offer. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with cash on hand, to pay the consideration in connection with such Tender Offer, including
any accrued and unpaid interest on the tendered notes.
Concurrently
with the Tender Offer, we are soliciting (the "Solicitation") consents (the "Consents") from the holders of the 2023 Notes to certain proposed amendments to the indenture
governing such 2023 Notes, to eliminate substantially all of the covenants, eliminate certain events of default, modify or eliminate certain other provisions with respect to the 2023 Notes contained
in the indenture governing the 2023 Notes, and to reduce the minimum notice of optional redemption by us required to be given to the holders of the 2023 Notes from 30 days to three business
days. Following the receipt of consents of a least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 2023 Notes, we expect to execute a supplemental indenture effecting the proposed
amendment with respect to such notes.
As
of August 3, 2018, we had approximately $561.8 million and approximately $395.0 million of aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2022 Notes and 2023
Notes, respectively.
The
Tender Offer and the Solicitation of Consents are being made solely pursuant to the terms and conditions described in the Offer to Purchase and Consent Solicitation Statement dated
August 6, 2018 (the "Offer to Purchase"). The consummation of the Tender Offer is conditioned upon, among other things, the successful completion of this offering. This offering, however, is
not conditioned on the consummation of the Tender Offer or the tender of any specific amount of any series of the Tender Offer Notes. We cannot provide any assurance as to the amount of any series of
Tender Offer Notes that will be tendered in the Tender Offer or that the Tender Offer will be consummated. If the Tender Offer is not consummated or subscribed in full, we intend to use the net
proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, which may include the repurchase or redemption, as applicable, of some or all of the Tender Offer Notes. Please see "Use of Proceeds."
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated is acting as the sole dealer manager and soliciation agent for the Tender Offer. Please see "Underwriting." Neither this prospectus supplement nor
the accompanying prospectus constitute an offer to purchase or a solicitation of an offer to sell any of the Tender Offer Notes.
S-2
Table of Contents
THE OFFERING
The summary below describes the principal terms of the notes. Certain of the terms and conditions described below are
subject to important limitations and exceptions. The "Description of Debt Securities" section of the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the "Description of Notes" section of this prospectus
supplement, contain a more detailed description of the terms and conditions of the notes.
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Issuer
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SM Energy Company, a Delaware corporation.
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The notes
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$500,000,000 principal amount of % Senior Notes due 2027.
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Maturity
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, 2027.
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Interest
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Interest is payable on the notes on and of each year, beginning
on , 2019. Interest accrues from , 2018.
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Ranking
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The notes will be our senior unsecured obligations and will rank:
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equally in right of
payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness, including the Tender Offer Notes, 5.00% Senior Notes due 2024 ("2024 Notes"), 5.625% Senior Notes due 2025 ("2025 Notes"), 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2021 ("Convertible Notes")
and 6.75% Senior Notes due 2026 ("2026 Notes" and, collectively with the other notes listed above, the "Senior Notes");
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be effectively
subordinated in right of payment to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness (including all of our borrowings under our Credit Agreement); and
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be structurally
subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries, except to the extent they guarantee the notes as provided herein.
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As of June 30, 2018, our total outstanding consolidated indebtedness was approximately $3.0 billion, all of which was unsecured indebtedness. As of June 30, 2018, our subsidiaries had $37,300 of
indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables, but excluding intercompany obligations and liabilities of a type not required to be reflected on a balance sheet of such subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP) to which the notes would have
been structurally subordinated. As of June 30, 2018, on an as further adjusted basis after giving effect to the redemption of our 2021 Notes, this offering and the Tender Offer as set forth under "Capitalization," our total outstanding
consolidated indebtedness would have been $2.6 billion.
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Guarantees
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The notes initially will not be guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries. Currently, our subsidiaries do not guarantee our indebtedness under our Credit Agreement. Our subsidiaries generated less than 1% of
our consolidated total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2018, and held less than 1% of our consolidated total assets as of such date. Our subsidiaries may in the future guarantee our obligations under the notes if they guarantee certain
of our other indebtedness as set forth under "Description of NotesCertain CovenantsFuture Subsidiary Guarantors."
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Optional redemption
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We will have the option to redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after , 2022, in each case at the redemption prices described in this
prospectus supplement under the heading "Description of NotesOptional Redemption," together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.
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Prior to , 2022, we may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at a "make-whole" redemption price described under "Description of NotesOptional
Redemption," together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.
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In addition, prior to , 2021, we may, at any time or from time to time, redeem up to 35% of the notes with the proceeds of certain equity offerings at the
price described in this prospectus supplement under the heading "Description of NotesOptional Redemption," together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.
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Covenants
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We will issue the notes under a supplemental indenture with U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, that supplements our existing indenture with the trustee (such supplemental indenture and
indenture are referred to together herein as the "indenture"). The supplemental indenture will contain covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to:
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incur additional
debt;
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make certain dividends or
pay dividends or distributions on our capital stock or purchase, redeem or retire capital stock;
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sell assets, including
capital stock of our restricted subsidiaries;
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restrict dividends or
other payments to be made to us by our restricted subsidiaries;
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create liens that secure
debt;
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enter into certain
transactions with affiliates; and
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merge or consolidate with,
or transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets to, another company.
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These covenants are subject to a number of important limitations and exceptions. See "Description of NotesCertain Covenants." However, most of the covenants will terminate if both S&P Global
Ratings and Moody's Investors Service, Inc. assign the notes an investment grade rating.
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Change of control offer
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Upon the occurrence of certain change of control triggering events, holders of the notes will have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of the notes at a price equal to 101% of the
principal amount, together with any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase.
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Form and denominations
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The notes will be issued in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000.
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The notes will be issued in book-entry form and will be represented by permanent global certificates deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") and registered in the name of
a nominee of DTC. Beneficial interests in any of the notes will be shown on, and transfers will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC or its nominee and any such interest may not be exchanged for certificated securities, except in
limited circumstances.
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Listing and trading
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The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange or included in any automated dealer quotation system. The notes are new securities for which there is currently no established market for the
notes.
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Use of proceeds
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We estimate that the proceeds from this offering will be approximately $493.0 million, after deducting fees and estimated expenses. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to fund the
Tender Offer. To the extent that any 2023 Notes remain outstanding after the Tender Offer, we may redeem any such 2023 Notes in accordance with the terms of the indenture governing such notes. If the Tender Offer is not consummated or subscribed in
full, we intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, which may include the repurchase or redemption, as applicable, of some or all of the Tender Offer Notes. See "Use of Proceeds."
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Risk factors
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Investing in the notes involves risk. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-15 of this prospectus supplement and on page 4 of the accompanying prospectus for the information regarding risks you
should consider before investing in the notes.
|
S-5
Table of Contents
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
We derived the following summary historical financial data as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31,
2017, 2016 and 2015, from our audited financial statements, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and should be read in conjunction with Item 7, "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" included in our 2017 Form 10-K, which is incorporated
by reference herein. The summary historical balance sheet data as of December 31, 2015 has been derived from our audited financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2015 but not included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. The financial data for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017,
respectively, and as of June 30, 2018 was derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in our Second Quarter 2018 Form 10-Q, which is incorporated by
reference into this prospectus supplement. The Consolidated Balance Sheet data as of June 30, 2017 was derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in our
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2017, which is not included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. The following summary historical
financial data should be read in conjunction with Part I, Item 2, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and Part I,
Item 1, "Financial Statements" of our Second Quarter 2018 Form 10-Q.
S-6
Table of Contents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Operating revenues and other income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil, gas, and NGL production revenue
|
|
$
|
785,444
|
|
$
|
618,137
|
|
$
|
1,253,783
|
|
$
|
1,178,426
|
|
$
|
1,499,905
|
|
Net gain (loss) on divestiture activity
|
|
|
424,870
|
|
|
(129,670
|
)
|
|
(131,028
|
)
|
|
37,074
|
|
|
43,031
|
|
Other operating revenues
|
|
|
3,197
|
|
|
4,992
|
|
|
6,621
|
|
|
1,950
|
|
|
14,029
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating revenues and other income
|
|
|
1,213,511
|
|
|
493,459
|
|
|
1,129,376
|
|
|
1,217,450
|
|
|
1,556,965
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil, gas, and NGL production expense
|
|
|
238,279
|
|
|
262,422
|
|
|
507,906
|
|
|
597,565
|
|
|
723,633
|
|
Depletion, depreciation, amortization, and asset retirement obligation liability accretion
|
|
|
282,238
|
|
|
291,044
|
|
|
557,036
|
|
|
790,745
|
|
|
921,009
|
|
Exploration
|
|
|
27,783
|
|
|
24,800
|
|
|
56,179
|
|
|
65,641
|
|
|
120,569
|
|
Impairment of proved properties
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,806
|
|
|
3,806
|
|
|
354,614
|
|
|
468,679
|
|
Abandonment and impairment of unproved properties
|
|
|
17,560
|
|
|
157
|
|
|
12,272
|
|
|
80,367
|
|
|
78,643
|
|
Impairment of other property and equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49,369
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
56,602
|
|
|
57,054
|
|
|
120,585
|
|
|
126,428
|
|
|
157,668
|
|
Net derivative (gain) loss
|
|
|
71,278
|
|
|
(169,963
|
)
|
|
26,414
|
|
|
250,633
|
|
|
(408,831
|
)
|
Other operating expenses, net
|
|
|
4,555
|
|
|
5,304
|
|
|
13,667
|
|
|
10,772
|
|
|
25,009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
698,295
|
|
|
474,624
|
|
|
1,297,865
|
|
|
2,276,765
|
|
|
2,135,748
|
|
Income (loss) from operations
|
|
|
515,216
|
|
|
18,835
|
|
|
(168,489
|
)
|
|
(1,059,315
|
)
|
|
(578,783
|
)
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(84,739
|
)
|
|
(91,548
|
)
|
|
(179,257
|
)
|
|
(158,685
|
)
|
|
(128,149
|
)
|
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
(35
|
)
|
|
(35
|
)
|
|
15,722
|
|
|
(16,578
|
)
|
Other non-operating income, net
|
|
|
2,211
|
|
|
720
|
|
|
3,968
|
|
|
362
|
|
|
649
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
432,688
|
|
|
(72,028
|
)
|
|
(343,813
|
)
|
|
(1,201,916
|
)
|
|
(722,861
|
)
|
Income tax (expense) benefit
|
|
|
(98,090
|
)
|
|
26,555
|
|
|
182,970
|
|
|
444,172
|
|
|
275,151
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
334,598
|
|
$
|
(45,473
|
)
|
$
|
(160,843
|
)
|
$
|
(757,744
|
)
|
$
|
(447,710
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding
|
|
|
111,698
|
|
|
111,274
|
|
|
111,428
|
|
|
76,568
|
|
|
67,723
|
|
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding
|
|
|
113,267
|
|
|
111,274
|
|
|
111,428
|
|
|
76,568
|
|
|
67,723
|
|
Basic net income (loss) per common share
|
|
$
|
3.00
|
|
$
|
(0.41
|
)
|
$
|
(1.44
|
)
|
$
|
(9.90
|
)
|
$
|
(6.61
|
)
|
Diluted net income (loss) per common share
|
|
$
|
2.95
|
|
$
|
(0.41
|
)
|
$
|
(1.44
|
)
|
$
|
(9.90
|
)
|
$
|
(6.61
|
)
|
S-7
Table of Contents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of June 30,
|
|
As of December 31,
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working capital
|
|
$
|
(92,747
|
)
|
$
|
421,545
|
|
$
|
(10,097
|
)
|
$
|
(190,530
|
)
|
$
|
216,464
|
|
Total property and equipment, net
|
|
$
|
5,718,450
|
|
$
|
5,346,411
|
|
$
|
5,554,792
|
|
$
|
6,081,354
|
|
$
|
4,950,280
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
6,736,485
|
|
$
|
6,212,605
|
|
$
|
6,176,776
|
|
$
|
6,393,511
|
|
$
|
5,621,643
|
|
Total noncurrent liabilities
|
|
$
|
2,951,901
|
|
$
|
3,363,005
|
|
$
|
3,222,956
|
|
$
|
3,481,206
|
|
$
|
3,466,717
|
|
Total stockholders' equity
|
|
$
|
2,736,627
|
|
$
|
2,501,828
|
|
$
|
2,394,608
|
|
$
|
2,497,133
|
|
$
|
1,852,401
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
$
|
311,518
|
|
$
|
242,128
|
|
$
|
515,390
|
|
$
|
552,804
|
|
$
|
990,807
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
|
|
$
|
(5,719
|
)
|
$
|
311,364
|
|
$
|
(201,530
|
)
|
$
|
(1,867,639
|
)
|
$
|
(1,144,639
|
)
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
|
|
$
|
(3,836
|
)
|
$
|
(6,343
|
)
|
$
|
(12,289
|
)
|
$
|
1,327,189
|
|
$
|
153,730
|
|
Other Financial Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDAX
(1)
|
|
$
|
435,140
|
|
$
|
326,024
|
|
$
|
664,700
|
|
$
|
790,775
|
|
$
|
1,124,775
|
|
-
(1)
-
See
"Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDAX."
Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDAX
Adjusted EBITDAX represents net income (loss) before interest expense, interest income, income taxes, depletion, depreciation, amortization,
asset retirement obligation liability and accretion expense, exploration expense, property abandonment and impairment expense, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, derivative gains and losses
net of settlements, gains and losses on divestitures, gains and losses on extinguishment of debt and certain other items. Adjusted EBITDAX excludes certain items that we believe affect the
comparability of operating results and can exclude items that are generally one-time in nature or whose timing and/or amount cannot be reasonably estimated. Adjusted EBITDAX is a non-GAAP measure that
we present because we believe it provides useful additional information to investors and analysts, as a performance measure, for analysis of our ability to internally generate funds for exploration,
development, acquisitions, and to service debt. We are also subject to financial covenants under our Credit Agreement based on adjusted EBITDAX ratios as further described in Description of Other
Indebtedness later in this prospectus supplement. In addition, adjusted EBITDAX is widely used by professional research analysts and others in the valuation, comparison, and investment recommendations
of companies in the oil and gas exploration and production industry, and many investors use the published research of industry research analysts in making investment decisions. Our Credit Agreement
provides a material source of liquidity for us. Under the terms of our Credit Agreement, if we fail to comply with the covenants that establish a
maximum permitted ratio of senior secured debt to adjusted EBITDAX and a minimum permitted ratio of adjusted EBITDAX to interest, we will be in default, an event that would prevent us from borrowing
under our Credit Agreement and would therefore materially limit our sources of liquidity. In addition, if we default under our credit facility and are unable to obtain a waiver of that default from
our lenders, lenders under that facility and under the indentures governing our outstanding Senior Notes would be entitled to exercise all of their remedies for a default.
S-8
Table of Contents
Adjusted
EBITDAX has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income (loss), income (loss) from operations, net cash
provided by (used in) operating activities, profitability, or liquidity measures prepared under GAAP. Because adjusted EBITDAX excludes some, but not all items that affect net income (loss) and may
vary among companies, the adjusted EBITDAX amounts presented may not be comparable to similar metrics of other companies. Limitations to using adjusted EBITDAX as an analytical tool
include:
-
-
Adjusted EBITDAX does not reflect current or future requirements for capital expenditures or capital commitments;
-
-
Adjusted EBITDAX does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on debt;
-
-
Adjusted EBITDAX does not reflect income taxes;
-
-
Although depletion, depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depleted, depreciated or amortized will often have to
be replaced in the future, and adjusted EBITDAX does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements; and
-
-
Other companies in our industry may calculate adjusted EBITDAX differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparison measure.
S-9
Table of Contents
The
following table provides reconciliations of our net income (loss) (GAAP) and net cash provided by operating activities (GAAP) to adjusted EBITDAX (non-GAAP) for the periods
presented:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Net income (loss) (GAAP)
|
|
$
|
334,598
|
|
$
|
(45,473
|
)
|
$
|
(160,843
|
)
|
$
|
(757,744
|
)
|
$
|
(447,710
|
)
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
84,739
|
|
|
91,548
|
|
|
179,257
|
|
|
158,685
|
|
|
128,149
|
|
Interest income
(1)
|
|
|
(3,263
|
)
|
|
(1,600
|
)
|
|
(3,968
|
)
|
|
(362
|
)
|
|
(649
|
)
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
|
|
98,090
|
|
|
(26,555
|
)
|
|
(182,970
|
)
|
|
(444,172
|
)
|
|
(275,151
|
)
|
Depletion, depreciation, amortization, and asset retirement obligation liability accretion
|
|
|
282,238
|
|
|
291,044
|
|
|
557,036
|
|
|
790,745
|
|
|
921,009
|
|
Exploration
(2)
(4)
|
|
|
25,278
|
|
|
22,397
|
|
|
49,879
|
|
|
59,194
|
|
|
113,158
|
|
Impairment of proved properties
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,806
|
|
|
3,806
|
|
|
354,614
|
|
|
468,679
|
|
Abandonment and impairment of unproved properties
|
|
|
17,560
|
|
|
157
|
|
|
12,272
|
|
|
80,367
|
|
|
78,643
|
|
Impairment of other property and equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49,369
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
|
10,676
|
|
|
9,813
|
|
|
22,700
|
|
|
26,897
|
|
|
27,467
|
|
Net derivative (gain) loss
|
|
|
71,278
|
|
|
(169,963
|
)
|
|
26,414
|
|
|
250,633
|
|
|
(408,831
|
)
|
Derivative settlement gain (loss)
(3)
|
|
|
(61,193
|
)
|
|
16,310
|
|
|
21,234
|
|
|
329,478
|
|
|
512,566
|
|
Net (gain) loss on divestiture activity
|
|
|
(424,870
|
)
|
|
129,670
|
|
|
131,028
|
|
|
(37,074
|
)
|
|
(43,031
|
)
|
(Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
(15,722
|
)
|
|
16,578
|
|
Other, net
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
4,835
|
|
|
8,820
|
|
|
(4,764
|
)
|
|
(15,471
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDAX (Non-GAAP)
|
|
|
435,140
|
|
|
326,024
|
|
|
664,700
|
|
|
790,775
|
|
|
1,124,775
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(84,739
|
)
|
|
(91,548
|
)
|
|
(179,257
|
)
|
|
(158,685
|
)
|
|
(128,149
|
)
|
Interest income
(1)
|
|
|
3,263
|
|
|
1,600
|
|
|
3,968
|
|
|
362
|
|
|
649
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit
|
|
|
(98,090
|
)
|
|
26,555
|
|
|
182,970
|
|
|
444,172
|
|
|
275,151
|
|
Exploration
(2)
(4)
|
|
|
(25,278
|
)
|
|
(22,397
|
)
|
|
(49,879
|
)
|
|
(59,194
|
)
|
|
(113,158
|
)
|
Exploratory dry hole expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,381
|
|
|
(16
|
)
|
|
36,612
|
|
Amortization of debt discount and deferred financing costs
|
|
|
7,750
|
|
|
8,679
|
|
|
16,276
|
|
|
9,938
|
|
|
7,710
|
|
Deferred income taxes
|
|
|
97,505
|
|
|
(30,790
|
)
|
|
(192,066
|
)
|
|
(448,643
|
)
|
|
(276,722
|
)
|
Plugging and abandonment
|
|
|
(294
|
)
|
|
(1,609
|
)
|
|
(2,735
|
)
|
|
(6,214
|
)
|
|
(7,496
|
)
|
Other, net
(4)
|
|
|
(2,017
|
)
|
|
(2,568
|
)
|
|
(581
|
)
|
|
1,063
|
|
|
9,707
|
|
Net change in working capital
|
|
|
(21,722
|
)
|
|
28,182
|
|
|
69,613
|
|
|
(20,754
|
)
|
|
61,728
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities (GAAP)
(4)
|
|
$
|
311,518
|
|
$
|
242,128
|
|
$
|
515,390
|
|
$
|
552,804
|
|
$
|
990,807
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
(1)
-
Interest
income is included in "Other, net" on the statements of operations in Part II, Item 8 of our 2017 Form 10-K and "Other
non-operating income, net" on the condensed, consolidated statements of operations in Part I, Item 1 of our Second Quarter 2018 Form 10-Q.
-
(2)
-
Stock-based
compensation expense is a component of exploration expense and general and administrative expense on the statements of operations.
Therefore, the exploration line items shown in the reconciliation above will vary from the amount shown on the statements of operations for the component of stock-based compensation expense recorded
to exploration expense.
S-10
Table of Contents
-
(3)
-
Derivative
settlement gain for the year ended December 31, 2015, includes $15.3 million of gains on the early settlement of futures
contracts as a result of divesting our Mid-Continent assets.
-
(4)
-
Certain
prior period adjustments have been made to conform to the current period presentation on the consolidated financial statements. Please refer
to Recently Issued Accounting Standards in Note 1Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of Part II, Item 8 of our 2017 Form 10-K and Part I,
Item 1 of our Second Quarter 2018 Form 10-Q for additional discussion.
S-11
Table of Contents
SUMMARY RESERVE, PRODUCTION AND OPERATING DATA
Oil and Gas Reserves
The following table presents summary data with respect to our estimated net proved oil, gas, and NGL reserves as of the dates indicated. At
least 80 percent of the PV-10 of our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, were audited by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., which is a firm of independent
reserve engineers. Our estimated proved reserves and related PV-10 as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were determined in accordance with the reserve disclosure rules of the SEC using the
12-month unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the periods of January 2017 through December 2017, January 2016 through December 2016 and January 2015 through December
2015, respectively, without giving effect to derivative transactions, and were held constant throughout the life of the properties.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31,
|
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
Proved Reserves:
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (MMBbl)
|
|
|
158.2
|
|
|
104.9
|
|
|
145.3
|
|
Gas (Bcf)
|
|
|
1,280.1
|
|
|
1,111.1
|
|
|
1,264.0
|
|
NGLs (MMBbl)
|
|
|
96.5
|
|
|
105.7
|
|
|
115.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total (MMBOE)
|
|
|
468.1
|
|
|
395.8
|
|
|
471.3
|
|
Proved Developed (MMBOE)
|
|
|
214.7
|
|
|
208.7
|
|
|
244.5
|
|
Proved Undeveloped (MMBOE)
|
|
|
253.4
|
|
|
187.1
|
|
|
226.8
|
|
PV-10 (non-GAAP) (in millions)
(2)
|
|
$
|
3,056.5
|
|
$
|
1,152.1
|
|
$
|
1,790.5
|
|
-
(1)
-
The
SEC defines proved oil and gas reserves (Rule 4-10(a) of Regulation S-X) as those quantities of oil and gas, which, by analysis of
geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically produciblefrom a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under existing economic
conditions, operating methods, and government regulationsprior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably
certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation.
-
(2)
-
PV-10
is derived from the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows, which is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
PV-10 is a computation of the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows on a pre-tax basis. PV-10 is equal to the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at the
applicable date, before deducting future income taxes, discounted at 10 percent. We believe that the presentation of PV-10 is relevant and useful to investors because it presents the discounted
future net cash flows attributable to our estimated proved reserves prior to taking into account future corporate income taxes, and it is a useful measure for evaluating the relative monetary
significance of our oil and natural gas assets. Further, investors may utilize the measure as a basis for comparison of the relative size and value of our reserves to other companies. We use this
measure when assessing the potential return on investment related to our oil and natural gas assets. PV-10, however, is not a substitute for the standardized measure of discounted future net cash
flows. Our PV-10 measure and the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows do not purport to present the fair value of our oil and natural gas reserves. Please see the definitions of
standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows and PV-10 in the "Glossary of Oil and Natural Gas Terms."
S-12
Table of Contents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31,
|
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
(in millions)
|
|
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows (GAAP)
|
|
$
|
3,024.1
|
|
$
|
1,152.1
|
|
$
|
1,790.5
|
|
Add: 10 percent annual discount, net of income taxes
|
|
|
2,573.2
|
|
|
937.1
|
|
|
1,307.1
|
|
Add: future undiscounted income taxes
|
|
|
205.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Undiscounted future net cash flows
|
|
|
5,803.0
|
|
|
2,089.2
|
|
|
3,097.6
|
|
Less: 10 percent annual discount without tax effect
|
|
|
(2,746.5
|
)
|
|
(937.1
|
)
|
|
(1,307.1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PV-10 (non-GAAP)
|
|
$
|
3,056.5
|
|
$
|
1,152.1
|
|
$
|
1,790.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S-13
Table of Contents
Oil and Gas Production, Realized Prices and Production Costs
The following table summarizes our production volumes, net daily production, realized prices, production costs on a per BOE basis, and earnings
per share information for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
Net production volumes
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (MMBbl)
|
|
|
8.6
|
|
|
6.4
|
|
|
13.7
|
|
|
16.6
|
|
|
19.2
|
|
Gas (Bcf)
|
|
|
50.5
|
|
|
67.9
|
|
|
123.0
|
|
|
146.9
|
|
|
173.6
|
|
NGLs (MMBbl)
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
|
5.7
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
|
14.2
|
|
|
16.1
|
|
Equivalent (MMBOE)
|
|
|
20.6
|
|
|
23.4
|
|
|
44.5
|
|
|
55.3
|
|
|
64.2
|
|
Average net daily production
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (MBbl per day)
|
|
|
47.6
|
|
|
35.5
|
|
|
37.4
|
|
|
45.4
|
|
|
52.7
|
|
Gas (MMcf per day)
|
|
|
279.3
|
|
|
375.3
|
|
|
337.0
|
|
|
401.5
|
|
|
475.7
|
|
NGLs (MBbl per day)
|
|
|
19.7
|
|
|
31.4
|
|
|
28.2
|
|
|
38.8
|
|
|
44.0
|
|
Equivalent (MBOE per day)
|
|
|
113.9
|
|
|
129.5
|
|
|
121.8
|
|
|
151.0
|
|
|
175.9
|
|
Realized price (before derivative settlements)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (per Bbl)
|
|
$
|
61.14
|
|
$
|
46.08
|
|
$
|
47.88
|
|
$
|
36.85
|
|
$
|
41.49
|
|
Gas (per Mcf)
|
|
$
|
3.23
|
|
$
|
2.99
|
|
$
|
3.00
|
|
$
|
2.30
|
|
$
|
2.57
|
|
NGLs (per Bbl)
|
|
$
|
26.60
|
|
$
|
20.92
|
|
$
|
22.35
|
|
$
|
16.16
|
|
$
|
15.92
|
|
Per BOE
|
|
$
|
38.09
|
|
$
|
26.38
|
|
$
|
28.20
|
|
$
|
21.32
|
|
$
|
23.36
|
|
Per BOE data
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production costs:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating expense
|
|
$
|
4.80
|
|
$
|
3.96
|
|
$
|
4.43
|
|
$
|
3.51
|
|
$
|
3.73
|
|
Transportation costs
|
|
$
|
4.55
|
|
$
|
5.79
|
|
$
|
5.48
|
|
$
|
6.16
|
|
$
|
6.02
|
|
Production taxes
|
|
$
|
1.67
|
|
$
|
1.09
|
|
$
|
1.18
|
|
$
|
0.94
|
|
$
|
1.13
|
|
Ad valorem tax expense
|
|
$
|
0.54
|
|
$
|
0.36
|
|
$
|
0.34
|
|
$
|
0.21
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
Depletion, depreciation, amortization, and asset retirement obligation liability accretion
|
|
$
|
13.69
|
|
$
|
12.42
|
|
$
|
12.53
|
|
$
|
14.30
|
|
$
|
14.34
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
$
|
2.74
|
|
$
|
2.43
|
|
$
|
2.71
|
|
$
|
2.29
|
|
$
|
2.46
|
|
Derivative settlement gain (loss)
|
|
$
|
(2.97
|
)
|
$
|
0.70
|
|
$
|
0.48
|
|
$
|
5.96
|
|
$
|
7.98
|
|
Earnings per share information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic net income (loss) per common share
|
|
$
|
3.00
|
|
$
|
(0.41
|
)
|
$
|
(1.44
|
)
|
$
|
(9.90
|
)
|
$
|
(6.61
|
)
|
Diluted net income (loss) per common share
|
|
$
|
2.95
|
|
$
|
(0.41
|
)
|
$
|
(1.44
|
)
|
$
|
(9.90
|
)
|
$
|
(6.61
|
)
|
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding (in thousands)
|
|
|
111,698
|
|
|
111,274
|
|
|
111,428
|
|
|
76,568
|
|
|
67,723
|
|
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding (in thousands)
|
|
|
113,267
|
|
|
111,274
|
|
|
111,428
|
|
|
76,568
|
|
|
67,723
|
|
-
(1)
-
Amounts
may not calculate due to rounding.
S-14
Table of Contents
RISK FACTORS
An investment in the notes involves significant risks. Prior to making a decision about investing in the notes, and in
consultation with your own financial and legal advisors, you should carefully consider, among other matters, the following risk factors, as well as those incorporated by reference in this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus from our 2017 Form 10-K under the headings "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations",
and other filings we may make from time to time with the SEC, together with all of the other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus, including the financial statements and related notes. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations may suffer. As a result, we
might be unable to repay the principal of and interest on the notes, and you could lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related to the Notes
The agreements governing our debt contain various covenants that limit our discretion in the operation of our
business, could prohibit us from engaging in transactions we believe to be beneficial and could lead to the acceleration of our debt.
Our existing debt agreements contain restrictive covenants that limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term best
interests. Our Credit Agreement requires that we be in compliance as of the last day of each fiscal quarter with certain financial covenants, including that our (a) ratio of senior secured debt
to 12-month trailing adjusted EBITDAX be not more than 2.75 to 1.0; (b) adjusted current ratio be not less than 1.0 to 1.0; and (c) ratio of 12-month trailing adjusted EBITDAX to
interest expense be not less than 2.0 to 1.0. We were in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants under the Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2018, and are in compliance with all
financial and non-financial covenants under the Credit Agreement through the date hereof.
Our
Credit Agreement also requires us to comply with certain additional covenants, including requirements that we limit our annual cash dividends to no more than $50.0 million.
These restrictions on our ability to operate our business could seriously harm our business by, among other things, limiting our ability to take advantage of financings, mergers and acquisitions, and
other corporate opportunities.
The
respective indentures governing our Senior Notes each contain, and the indenture governing the notes offered hereby will contain, covenants that, among other things, limit our
ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to:
-
-
incur additional debt;
-
-
make certain dividends or pay dividends or distributions on our capital stock or purchase, redeem or retire capital stock;
-
-
sell assets, including capital stock of our restricted subsidiaries;
-
-
restrict dividends or other payments to be made to us by our restricted subsidiaries;
-
-
create liens that secure debt;
-
-
enter into certain transactions with affiliates; and
-
-
merge or consolidate with, or transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets to, another company.
See
"Description of Other Indebtedness" and "Description of Notes." Our failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could
result in the acceleration of all of our indebtedness. We do not have sufficient working capital to satisfy our debt
S-15
Table of Contents
obligations
in the event of an acceleration of all or a significant portion of our outstanding indebtedness.
The notes are effectively subordinated to our secured debt and any liabilities of our subsidiaries.
The notes will rank senior in right of payment to any of our indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the notes;
equal in right of payment to any of our unsecured liabilities that are not so subordinated; effectively junior in right of payment to any of our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the
assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of our subsidiaries. The notes will not be secured by any of our assets.
Our Credit Agreement is, however, secured by substantially all of our oil and gas properties. Additionally, the terms of our Credit Agreement and the indentures governing our Senior Notes permit, and
the indenture governing the notes will permit, us to incur substantial additional secured debt in the future. Accordingly, the payment of principal and interest on the notes will be effectively
subordinated in right of payment to all of our secured debt with respect to the assets securing such debt.
In
the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up, our assets that secure debt ranking senior in right of payment to the notes will be available to pay
obligations on the notes only after the secured debt has been repaid in full from these assets. There might not be sufficient assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all of the notes then
outstanding. The indenture governing the notes will permit us to incur substantial additional secured debt in the future, and will not prohibit any of our subsidiaries from incurring additional
liabilities.
As
of June 30, 2018, our total outstanding consolidated indebtedness was approximately $3.0 billion, all of which was unsecured indebtedness, and we had
$1.0 billion of borrowing capacity under our Credit Agreement, all of which would be secured. As of June 30, 2018, our subsidiaries had $37,300 of indebtedness and other liabilities
(including trade payables, but excluding intercompany obligations and liabilities of a type not required to be reflected on a balance sheet of such subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP) to which the
notes would have been structurally subordinated. As of June 30, 2018, on an as further adjusted basis after giving effect to issuance of the notes and the use of proceeds therefrom as set forth
under "Capitalization," our total outstanding consolidated indebtedness would have been $2.6 billion.
The notes are our obligations only and not the obligations of our subsidiaries.
The notes are our obligations exclusively and are not guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries. A portion of our consolidated assets are owned by
our subsidiaries, which they use to conduct their operations. To the extent that our ability to service our outstanding indebtedness, including the notes, depends on the results of operations of our
subsidiaries and their ability to provide us with cash, whether in the form of dividends, loans or otherwise, to pay amounts due on our obligations, we may not be able to obtain access timely, or at
all, to their cash for such purposes. Our subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to
make payments on the notes or to make any funds available for that purpose. In addition, dividends, loans or other distributions to us from our subsidiaries may be subject to contractual and other
restrictions and are subject to other business considerations.
To service our indebtedness, we will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash
depends on many factors beyond our control.
Our ability to make payments on our indebtedness, including the notes, and to refinance our indebtedness and fund planned capital expenditures,
will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative,
S-16
Table of Contents
industry,
regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be
available to us under our Credit Agreement in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, including the notes, or to fund our other liquidity needs. We may need to refinance all or a
portion of our indebtedness, including the notes, on or before maturity, sell assets, reduce or delay capital expenditures or seek additional equity financing. We cannot assure you that we will be
able to service or refinance any of our indebtedness, on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
Our amount of debt may limit our ability to obtain financing for acquisitions, make us more vulnerable to
adverse economic conditions, and make it more difficult for us to make payments on our debt.
As of June 30, 2018, we had total outstanding consolidated indebtedness of approximately $3.0 billion. Our long-term debt
represented 52% of our total book capitalization as of June 30, 2018.
The
amount of our current indebtedness could have important consequences for our operations, including:
-
-
making it more difficult for us to obtain additional financing in the future for our operations and potential acquisitions, working capital
requirements, capital expenditures, debt service, or other general corporate requirements;
-
-
requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to the repayment of our debt and the service of interest costs
associated with our debt, rather than to productive investments;
-
-
limiting our operating flexibility due to financial and other restrictive covenants, including restrictions on incurring additional debt,
making acquisitions, and paying dividends;
-
-
placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; and
-
-
making us more vulnerable in the event of adverse economic or industry conditions or a downturn in our business.
Our
ability to make payments on our debt, refinance our debt, and fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent,
is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other factors that are beyond our control. If our business does not generate sufficient cash flow from operations,
or if future sufficient borrowings are not available to us under our Credit Agreement or from other sources, we might not be able to service our debt or fund our other liquidity needs. If we are
unable to service our debt, due to inadequate liquidity or otherwise, we may have to delay or cancel acquisitions, defer capital expenditures, sell equity securities, divest assets, and/or restructure
or refinance our debt. We might not be able to sell our equity, sell our assets, or restructure or refinance our debt on a timely basis or on satisfactory terms or at all. In addition, the terms of
our existing or future debt agreements, including our Credit Agreement and any future credit agreements, may prohibit us from pursuing any of these alternatives. Further, changes in the credit ratings
of our debt may negatively affect the cost, terms, conditions, and availability of future financing.
Our
debt agreements, including our Credit Agreement and the indentures governing the Senior Notes, permit, and the indenture governing the notes will permit, us to incur additional debt
in the future, subject to compliance with restrictive covenants under those agreements. In addition, entities we may acquire in the future could have significant amounts of debt outstanding that we
could be required to assume, and in some cases accelerate repayment thereof, in connection with the acquisition, or we may incur our own significant indebtedness to consummate an acquisition.
S-17
Table of Contents
As
discussed below under "Description of Other Indebtedness," our Credit Agreement is subject to periodic borrowing base redeterminations. We could be forced to repay a portion of our
bank borrowings in the event of a downward redetermination of our borrowing base, and we may not have sufficient funds to make such repayment at that time. If we do not have sufficient funds and are
otherwise unable to negotiate renewals of our borrowing base or arrange new financing, we may be forced to sell significant assets.
Failure to comply with covenants in our existing or future financing agreements could result in
cross-defaults under some of our financing agreements, which could jeopardize our ability to pay the notes.
Various risks, uncertainties and events beyond our control could affect our ability to comply with the covenants and maintain the financial
tests and ratios required by the agreements governing our financing arrangements. Failure to comply with any of the covenants in our existing or future financing agreements could result in a default
under those agreements and under other agreements containing cross-default provisions. A default would permit lenders to cease to make further extensions of credit, accelerate the maturity of the debt
under these agreements and foreclose upon any collateral securing that debt. Under these circumstances, we might not have sufficient funds or other resources to satisfy all of our obligations,
including our obligations under the notes. In addition, the limitations imposed by financing agreements on our ability to incur additional debt and to take other actions might significantly impair our
ability to obtain other financing. We also may amend the provisions and limitations of our Credit Agreement from time to time and will not be required to obtain the consent of the holders of the notes
to do so.
If
any events of default under our debt agreements occur, the holders or lenders, as applicable, could exercise their prepayment and acceleration rights. Any exercise of those rights
could constitute an event of default under the notes. In addition, certain lenders under our Credit Agreement are also counterparties under our hedge agreements, which contain provisions whereby the
lender group may declare a default under certain circumstances that could constitute an event of default under the Credit
Agreement. It is possible that we would be unable to fulfill all of these obligations and make payments on the notes simultaneously.
We may not be able to repurchase the notes upon a change of control.
Upon the occurrence of certain change of control events, holders of the notes and our Senior Notes may require us to offer to repurchase all or
any part of their respective notes and Senior Notes. We may not have sufficient funds at the time of the change of control to make the required repurchases of the notes and the Senior Notes.
Additionally, certain events that would constitute a "change of control" (as defined in the Credit Agreement) would constitute an event of default under our Credit Agreement that would, if any such
event should occur, permit the lenders to accelerate the debt outstanding under our Credit Agreement which would, in turn, cause an event of default under the respective indentures governing the notes
and the Senior Notes.
The
source of funds for any repurchase of the notes or the Senior Notes required as a result of any change of control will be our available cash or cash generated from oil and gas
operations or other sources, including borrowings, sales of assets, sales of equity, or funds provided by a new controlling entity. We cannot assure you, however, that sufficient funds would be
available at the time of any change of control to make any required repurchases of the notes and the Senior Notes tendered and to repay debt under our Credit Agreement. Furthermore, using available
cash to fund the potential consequences of a change of control may impair our ability to obtain additional financing in the future. Any future credit agreements or other agreements relating to debt to
which we may become a party will most likely contain similar restrictions and provisions.
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Table of Contents
We may incur substantial additional indebtedness, including indebtedness ranking equal to the notes.
Subject to the restrictions in other agreements governing our other outstanding indebtedness (including our Credit Agreement and our Senior
Notes), we and our subsidiaries may incur substantial additional indebtedness (including secured indebtedness) in the future. Although the indenture governing the notes and the agreements governing
our other outstanding indebtedness contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to waiver and a number of significant qualifications and
exceptions, and indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial.
If
we incur any additional indebtedness that ranks equally with the notes, including trade payables, the holders of that indebtedness will be entitled to share ratably with holders of
the notes in any proceeds distributed in connection with any insolvency, liquidation, reorganization, dissolution or other winding-up of us. This may have the effect of reducing the amount of proceeds
paid to holders of the notes in connection with such a distribution.
Any
increase in our level of indebtedness will have several important effects on our future operations, including, without limitation, that:
-
-
we will have additional cash requirements in order to support the payment of interest on our outstanding indebtedness;
-
-
increases in our outstanding indebtedness and leverage will increase our vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic and industry
conditions, as well as to competitive pressure; and
-
-
depending on the levels of our outstanding indebtedness, our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital investment,
general corporate and other purposes may be limited.
Our Credit Agreement limits our ability to pay any cash amount upon the repurchase of the notes.
Our existing Credit Agreement restricts the aggregate amount of cash payments we may make on the repurchase of the notes if an event of default
exists under the Credit Agreement or if, after giving effect to such repurchase (and any additional indebtedness incurred in connection with such repurchase), we would not be in pro forma compliance
with our financial covenants under the Credit Agreement. See "Description of Other Indebtedness." Any new credit facility that we may enter into may have similar or more restrictive restrictions. Our
failure to make cash payments upon the repurchase of the notes would permit holders of the notes to accelerate our obligations under the notes.
Claims of holders of the notes will be structurally subordinated to claims of creditors of any of our
subsidiaries.
Subject to certain limitations, the indenture governing the notes will permit our subsidiaries to acquire assets and incur indebtedness, and
holders of the notes will not have any claim as a creditor against any of our subsidiaries to the assets and earnings of those subsidiaries, except to the extent such subsidiaries subsequently become
guarantors of the notes. The claims of the creditors of those subsidiaries, including their trade creditors, banks and other lenders, would have priority over any of our claims or those of our other
subsidiaries as equity holders of such subsidiaries. Consequently, in any insolvency, liquidation, reorganization, dissolution or other winding-up of any subsidiaries, creditors of those subsidiaries
would be paid before any amounts would be distributed to us as equity, and thus be available to satisfy our obligations under the notes and other claims against us.
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Table of Contents
Federal and state fraudulent transfer laws may permit a court to void any future subsidiary guarantees,
subordinate claims in respect of any future subsidiary guarantees and require holders to return payments received and, if that occurs, you may not receive any payments on the notes.
Federal and state fraudulent transfer and conveyance statutes may apply to the incurrence of any future guarantees of the notes, as set forth
under the heading "Description of NotesCertain CovenantsFuture Subsidiary Guarantors." Under federal bankruptcy law and comparable provisions of state fraudulent transfer or
conveyance laws, which may vary from state to state, any future subsidiary guarantees could be voided as a fraudulent transfer or conveyance if (1) any of the future subsidiary guarantors
incurred the subsidiary guarantees with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or (2) any of the future subsidiary guarantors received less than reasonably equivalent value
or fair consideration in return for incurring the subsidiary guarantees and, in the case of (2) only, at least one of the following was also true at the time
thereof:
-
-
any of the future subsidiary guarantors were insolvent on the date of the incurrence of the subsidiary guarantees or rendered insolvent by
reason of the incurrence of the subsidiary guarantees;
-
-
the incurrence of the subsidiary guarantees left any of the future subsidiary guarantors with an unreasonably small amount of capital to carry
on their business; or
-
-
any of the future subsidiary guarantors intended to, or believed that such future subsidiary guarantor would, incur debts beyond such future
subsidiary guarantor's ability to pay such debts as they mature.
We
cannot be certain as to the standards a court would use to determine whether or not the future subsidiary guarantors were solvent at the relevant time or, regardless of the standard
that a court uses, that the incurrence of the subsidiary guarantees would not be subordinated to our or any of the future subsidiary guarantors' other debt. Generally, however, an entity would be
considered insolvent if, at the time it incurred indebtedness:
-
-
the sum of its debts, including contingent liabilities, was greater than the fair saleable value of all its assets; or
-
-
it could not pay its debts as they become due.
If
a court were to find that the incurrence of a subsidiary guarantee had been a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under such subsidiary
guarantee or subordinate such subsidiary guarantee to presently existing and future indebtedness of the related future subsidiary guarantor, or require the holders of the notes to repay any amounts
received with respect to such subsidiary guarantee. In the event of a finding that a fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, you may not receive any repayment on the notes. Further, the voidance
of the subsidiary guarantee could result in an event of default with respect to our and our subsidiaries' other debt that could result in acceleration of such debt.
We cannot assure you that an active trading market will develop for the notes.
Prior to this offering, there has been no trading market for the notes, and we do not intend to apply to list the notes on any securities
exchange or to arrange for quotation on any automated dealer quotation system. We have been informed by the underwriters that they intend to make a market in the notes after the offering is completed.
However, the underwriters may cease their market-making at any time without notice. In addition, the liquidity of the trading market in the notes, and the market price quoted for the notes, may be
adversely affected by changes in the overall market for this type of security and by changes in our financial performance or prospects or in the prospects for companies in our industry generally. As a
result, we cannot assure you that an active trading market will develop for
S-20
Table of Contents
the
notes. If an active trading market does not develop or is not maintained, the market price and liquidity of the notes may be adversely affected. In that case you may not be able to sell your notes
at a particular time or you may not be able to sell your notes at a favorable price.
Many of the covenants contained in the indenture will terminate if the notes are rated investment grade by
both S&P Global Ratings and Moody's Investors Service, Inc..
Many of the covenants in the indenture governing the notes will terminate if the notes are rated investment grade by both S&P Global Ratings
and Moody's Investors Service, Inc., provided at such time no default under the indenture has occurred and is continuing. These covenants will restrict, among other things, our ability to pay
dividends, to incur debt and to enter into certain other transactions. There can be no assurance that the notes will ever be rated investment grade, or that if they are rated investment grade, that
the notes will maintain such ratings. However, termination of these covenants would allow us to engage in certain transactions that would not be permitted while these covenants were in force. Please
see "Description of NotesCovenant Termination."
A negative or adverse credit rating of the notes may cause their trading price to fall.
We cannot provide assurance that any of our current debt credit ratings, or a future debt credit rating with respect to the notes, will remain
in effect for any given period of time or that such ratings will not be further lowered or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency if, in its judgment, circumstances warrant. If a rating service were to
rate the notes and if such rating service were to lower its rating on the notes below the rating initially assigned to the notes or otherwise announces its intention to put the notes or our corporate
credit rating on credit watch, the trading price of the notes could decline.
S-21
Table of Contents
USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and commissions and our estimated offering
expenses, will be approximately $493.0 million.
We
intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to fund the Tender Offer. To the extent that any 2023 Notes remain outstanding after the Tender Offer, we may redeem any such 2023
Notes in accordance with the terms of the indenture governing such notes. If the Tender Offer is not consummated or subscribed in full, we intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general
corporate purposes, which may include the repurchase or redemption, as applicable, of some or all of the Tender Offer Notes.
As
of August 3, 2018, we had approximately $561.8 million and approximately $395.0 million of outstanding principal amount of our 2022 Notes and 2023 Notes,
respectively. The 2022 Notes were issued on November 17, 2014, and the proceeds therefrom were used to repay outstanding indebtedness under our Credit Agreement and for general corporate
purposes. The 2023 Notes were issued on June 29, 2012, and the proceeds therefrom were used to repay outstanding indebtedness under our Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the terms of the 2023
Notes, we may redeem all or a part of the 2023 Notes at (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) an amount equal to 102.167% for the twelve-month period beginning on July 1, 2018.
Certain
of the underwriters and/or their affiliates may hold 2022 Notes and/or 2023 Notes. To the extent the underwriters and/or their affiliates tender 2022 Notes or 2023 Notes in the
Tender Offer or have their 2022 Notes or 2023 Notes redeemed, they may receive a portion of the net proceeds from this offering. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated is acting as the
sole dealer manager and solicitation agent for the Tender Offer. Please see "Underwriting."
S-22
Table of Contents
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our unaudited capitalization at June 30, 2018:
-
-
on a historical basis;
-
-
on an as adjusted basis to give effect to the redemption of the 2021 Notes as described in "SummaryRecent
DevelopmentsRedemption of 2021 Notes"; and
-
-
on an as further adjusted basis to give effect to the issuance and sale of the notes offered hereby and the use of proceeds from that sale as
described under "Use of Proceeds".
You
should read this table in conjunction with our consolidated unaudited financial statements and the related notes incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus as well as the sections "SummarySummary Consolidated Historical Financial Statements," and "Use of Proceeds" included in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of June 30, 2018
|
|
(in millions)
|
|
Historical
|
|
As Adjusted
|
|
As Further
Adjusted
(1)
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
615.9
|
|
$
|
260.0
|
|
$
|
241.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revolving credit facility due 2019
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.50% Notes due 2021
(3)
|
|
|
344.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.125% Notes due 2022
|
|
|
561.8
|
|
|
561.8
|
|
|
476.8
|
|
6.50% Notes due 2023
|
|
|
395.0
|
|
|
395.0
|
|
|
|
|
5.00% Notes due 2024
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
5.625% Notes due 2025
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
1.50% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2021
(4)
|
|
|
172.5
|
|
|
172.5
|
|
|
172.5
|
|
6.75% Senior Notes due 2026
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
Unamortized debt discount and unamortized deferred financing costs
(4)
|
|
|
(60.6
|
)
|
|
(58.3
|
)
|
|
(61.1
|
)
|
% Senior Notes Due 2027 offered hereby
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total long-term debt
(4)
|
|
$
|
2,913.3
|
|
$
|
2,571.0
|
|
$
|
2,588.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders' equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 111,846,998 actual shares issued;
|
|
$
|
1.1
|
|
$
|
1.1
|
|
$
|
1.1
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
(4)
|
|
|
1,754.2
|
|
|
1,754.2
|
|
|
1,754.2
|
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
997.6
|
|
|
997.6
|
|
|
997.6
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
(16.3
|
)
|
|
(16.3
|
)
|
|
(16.3
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholder's equity
(4)
|
|
$
|
2,736.6
|
|
$
|
2,736.6
|
|
$
|
2,736.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization
|
|
$
|
5,650.0
|
|
$
|
5,307.7
|
|
$
|
5,324.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note:
Amounts may not calculate due to rounding.
-
(1)
-
The
as further adjusted column assumes (i) all of the $395.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes are tendered in the
Tender Offer, (ii) $85.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2022 Notes are tendered in the Tender Offer and (iii) we pay any premium and accrued and unpaid interest on the
Tender Offer Notes.
-
(2)
-
As
of August 3, 2018, we had no indebtedness outstanding under our Credit Agreement.
-
(3)
-
$355.9 million
cash on hand used to redeem the 2021 Notes.
S-23
Table of Contents
-
(4)
-
In
accordance with ASC 470-20, convertible debt that may be wholly or partially settled in cash is required to be separated into a liability and an
equity component, such that interest expense reflects the issuer's nonconvertible debt interest rate. Upon issuance, a debt discount is recognized as a decrease in debt and an increase in equity. The
debt component accretes up to the principal amount over the expected term of the debt. ASC 470-20 (additional paid-in capital) does not affect the actual amount that we are required to repay.
S-24
Table of Contents
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
Our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for each of the periods indicated is as follows:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2018
|
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
|
2013
|
|
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
(1)
|
|
|
5.4x
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
10.0x
|
|
|
3.7x
|
|
-
(1)
-
The
ratio of earnings to fixed charges has been computed by dividing earnings available for fixed charges (earnings from continuing operations before
income taxes, plus fixed charges and amortization of capitalized interest, less capitalized interest) by fixed charges (interest expense, plus capitalized interest plus our estimate of the interest
component of rental expense).
-
(2)
-
Earnings
were inadequate to cover fixed charges for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 by a deficiency of $344.8 million,
$1.2 billion and $738.8 million, respectively.
S-25
Table of Contents
DESCRIPTION OF OTHER INDEBTEDNESS
As of the date of this prospectus supplement, our indebtedness consisted of our 2022 Notes, our 2023 Notes, our 2024 Notes, our 2025 Notes, our
2026 Notes and our Convertible Notes. As of such date, there are no outstanding borrowings under our Credit Agreement.
6.125% Senior Notes Due 2022
On November 17, 2014, we issued $600.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.125% Senior Notes due 2022, which we refer to
as the 2022 Notes. The 2022 Notes were issued at par and mature on November 15, 2022. We received net proceeds of $590.0 million after deducting fees of $10.0 million, which are
being amortized as deferred financing costs over the life of the 2022 Notes. The net proceeds were used to repay outstanding borrowings under our Credit Agreement and for general corporate purposes.
We
may redeem the 2022 Notes, in whole or in part, at any time prior to November 15, 2018, at a redemption price equal to 100 percent of the principal amount of the 2022
Notes to be redeemed, plus a specified make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date.
On
or after November 15, 2018, we may also redeem all or, from time to time, a portion of the 2022 Notes at the redemption prices set forth below, during the twelve-month period
beginning on
November 15 of each applicable year, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest:
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
103.063
|
%
|
2019
|
|
|
101.531
|
%
|
2020 and thereafter
|
|
|
100.000
|
%
|
The
2022 Notes are unsecured senior obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all of our existing and any future unsecured senior debt, and are senior in right of payment to
any future subordinated debt. There are no subsidiary guarantors of the 2022 Notes. We are subject to certain covenants under the indenture governing the 2022 Notes that limit our ability to incur
additional indebtedness, issue preferred stock, and make restricted payments, including dividends. However, the first $20 million of dividends paid each year are not restricted by this
covenant. We are in compliance with all covenants under our 2022 Notes as of the date of this prospectus supplement.
6.50% Senior Notes Due 2023
On June 29, 2012, we issued $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.50% Senior Notes due 2023, which we refer to as our
2023 Notes. The 2023 Notes were issued at par and mature on January 1, 2023. We received net proceeds of $392.1 million after deducting fees of $7.9 million, which are being
amortized as deferred financing costs over the life of the 2023 Notes.
We
may redeem all or, from time to time, a portion of the 2023 Notes at the redemption prices set forth below, during the twelve-month period beginning on July 1 of each
applicable year, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest:
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
102.167
|
%
|
2019
|
|
|
101.083
|
%
|
2020 and thereafter
|
|
|
100.000
|
%
|
The
2023 Notes are unsecured senior obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all of our existing and any future unsecured senior debt, and are senior in right of payment to
any future subordinated debt. There are no subsidiary guarantors of the 2023 Notes. We are subject to certain
S-26
Table of Contents
covenants
under the indenture governing the 2023 Notes that limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness, issue preferred stock, and make restricted payments, including dividends. However, the
first $6.5 million of dividends paid each year are not restricted by this covenant. We are in compliance with all covenants under our 2023 Notes as of the date of this prospectus supplement.
5.0% Senior Notes Due 2024
On May 20, 2013, we issued $500.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.0% Senior Notes due 2024, which we refer to as our
2024 Notes. The 2024 Notes were issued at par and mature on January 15, 2024. We received net proceeds of $490.2 million after deducting fees of $9.8 million, which are being
amortized as deferred financing costs over the life of the 2024 Notes.
We
may also redeem all or, from time to time, a portion of the 2024 Notes at the redemption prices set forth below, during the twelve-month period beginning on July 15 of each
applicable year, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest:
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
102.500
|
%
|
2019
|
|
|
101.667
|
%
|
2020
|
|
|
100.833
|
%
|
2021 and thereafter
|
|
|
100.000
|
%
|
The
2024 Notes are unsecured senior obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all of our existing and any future unsecured senior debt, and are senior in right of payment to
any future subordinated debt. There are no subsidiary guarantors of the 2024 Notes. We are subject to certain covenants under the indenture governing the 2024 Notes that limit our ability to incur
additional indebtedness, issue preferred stock, and make restricted payments, including dividends. However, the first $6.5 million of dividends paid each year are not restricted by this
covenant. We are in compliance with all covenants under our 2024 Notes as of the date of this prospectus supplement.
5.625% Senior Notes Due 2025
On May 21, 2015, we issued $500.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.625% Senior Notes due 2025, which we refer to as our
2025 Notes. The 2025 Notes were issued at par and mature on June 1, 2025. We received net proceeds of $491.0 million after deducting paid and accrued fees of $9.0 million, which
are being amortized as deferred financing costs over the life of the 2025 Notes.
We
may redeem the 2025 Notes, in whole or in part, at any time prior to June 1, 2020, at a redemption price equal to 100 percent of the principal amount of the 2025 Notes
to be redeemed, plus a specified make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date.
On
or after June 1, 2020, we may also redeem all or, from time to time, a portion of the 2025 Notes at the redemption prices set forth below, during the twelve-month period
beginning on June 1 of each applicable year, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest:
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
102.813
|
%
|
2021
|
|
|
101.875
|
%
|
2022
|
|
|
100.938
|
%
|
2023 and thereafter
|
|
|
100.000
|
%
|
The
2025 Notes are unsecured senior obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all of our existing and any future unsecured senior debt, and are senior in right of payment to
any future subordinated debt. There are no subsidiary guarantors of the 2025 Notes. We are subject to certain covenants under the indenture governing the 2025 Notes that limit our ability to incur
additional
S-27
Table of Contents
indebtedness,
issue preferred stock, and make restricted payments, including dividends. However, the first $20 million of dividends paid each year are not restricted by this covenant. We are in
compliance with all covenants under our 2025 Notes as of the date of this prospectus supplement.
6.75% Senior Notes Due 2026
On September 12, 2016, we issued $500.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.75% Senior Notes due 2026, which we refer to
as our 2026 Notes. The 2026 Notes were issued at par and mature on September 15, 2026. We received net proceeds of $491.6 million after deducting paid and accrued fees of
$8.4 million, which are being amortized as deferred financing costs over the life of the 2026 Notes.
Prior
to September 15, 2019, we may redeem, on one or more occasions, up to 35 percent of the aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes with the net cash proceeds of
certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 106.750% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date. We may also redeem the 2026 Notes, in
whole or in part, at any time prior to September 15, 2021, at a redemption price equal to 100 percent of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be redeemed, plus a specified
make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date.
On
or after September 15, 2021, we may also redeem all or, from time to time, a portion of the 2026 Notes at the redemption prices set forth below, during the twelve-month period
beginning on September 15 of each applicable year, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest:
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
|
|
103.375
|
%
|
2022
|
|
|
102.250
|
%
|
2023
|
|
|
101.125
|
%
|
2024 and thereafter
|
|
|
100.000
|
%
|
The
2026 Notes are unsecured senior obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all of our existing and any future unsecured senior debt, and are senior in right of payment to
any future subordinated debt. There are no subsidiary guarantors of the 2026 Notes. We are subject to certain covenants under the indenture governing the 2026 Notes that limit our ability to incur
additional indebtedness, issue preferred stock, and make restricted payments, including dividends. However, the first $20 million of dividends paid each year are not restricted by this
covenant. We are in compliance with all covenants under our 2026 Notes as of the date of this prospectus supplement.
1.50% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2021
On August 12, 2016, we issued $172.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2021, which we
refer to as our Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes were issued at par and mature on July 1, 2021. We received net proceeds of $166.6 million after deducting paid and accrued fees
of $5.9 million, which are being amortized as deferred financing costs over the life of the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes are not redeemable prior to the maturity date.
The
Convertible Notes are unsecured senior obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all of our existing and any future unsecured senior debt, and are senior in right of
payment to any future subordinated debt. There are no subsidiary guarantors of the Convertible Notes. We are subject to certain covenants under the indenture governing the Convertible Notes. We are in
compliance with all covenants under our Convertible Notes as of the date of this prospectus supplement.
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Credit Agreement
We are a party to the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2013, among the Company, as Borrower, Wells
Fargo Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the lenders parties thereto from time to time, as the same has been and may be amended from time to time (the "Credit Agreement"). Our Credit Agreement
has a maximum loan amount of $2.5 billion and a maturity date of December 10, 2019.
Pursuant
to the terms of the Credit Agreement, our current borrowing base is $1.3 billion. The next scheduled borrowing base redetermination date is October 1, 2018. The
borrowing base redetermination process under the Credit Agreement considers the value of both (a) our proved oil and gas properties reflected in our most recent reserve report and
(b) commodity derivative contracts, each as determined by our lender group. Pursuant to the requirements of the Credit Agreement, if the net proceeds from this offering exceed the total amount
of Tender Offer Notes tendered and purchased by the Company, plus the amount of the Tender Offer Notes not tendered before the expiration of the Tender Offer and subsequently redeemed by us with
proceeds from this offering, the borrowing base will be reduced by 25% of such excess amount. The Credit Agreement requires that our oil and gas properties subject to a mortgage represent at least
90 percent of the PV-9 value of the Company's proved oil and gas properties evaluated in the most recent reserve report.
Our
Credit Agreement requires that we be in compliance as of the last day of each fiscal quarter with certain financial and non-financial covenants, including covenants limiting
dividend payments and requiring us to maintain certain financial ratios, as defined by the Credit Agreement. Financial covenants under the Credit Agreement require, as of the last day of each of our
fiscal quarters, our (a) ratio of senior secured debt to 12-month trailing adjusted EBITDAX to be not more than 2.75 to 1.0; (b) adjusted current ratio to be not less than 1.0 to 1.0;
and (c) ratio of 12-month trailing adjusted EBITDAX to interest expense to be not less than 2.0 to 1.0. We were in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants under the Credit
Agreement as of June 30, 2018, and are in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants under the Credit Agreement through the date hereof.
Interest
and commitment fees are accrued based on the borrowing base utilization grid below. Eurodollar loans accrue interest at the London Interbank Offered Rate, plus the applicable
margin from the utilization table below, and Alternate Base Rate ("ABR") and swingline loans accrue interest at prime plus the applicable margin from the utilization table below. Commitment fees are
accrued on the unused portion of the aggregate commitment amount and are included in interest expense in our consolidated statements of operations.
Borrowing Base Utilization Grid
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Borrowing Base Utilization Percentage
|
|
<25%
|
|
³
25% <50%
|
|
³
50% <75%
|
|
³
75% <90%
|
|
³
90%
|
|
Eurodollar Loans
|
|
|
1.750
|
%
|
|
2.000
|
%
|
|
2.250
|
%
|
|
2.500
|
%
|
|
2.750
|
%
|
ABR Loans or Swingline Loans
|
|
|
0.750
|
%
|
|
1.000
|
%
|
|
1.250
|
%
|
|
1.500
|
%
|
|
1.750
|
%
|
Commitment Fee Rate
|
|
|
0.300
|
%
|
|
0.300
|
%
|
|
0.350
|
%
|
|
0.375
|
%
|
|
0.375
|
%
|
We
had no outstanding borrowings under our Credit Agreement as of August 3, 2018. We had $1 billion of available borrowing capacity under this facility as of
August 3, 2018. We had letters of credit outstanding for a total of $200,000 as of August 3, 2018. These letters of credit reduce the available borrowing capacity under the Credit
Agreement on a dollar-for-dollar basis.
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Table of Contents
DESCRIPTION OF NOTES
In this description, the term "Company" refers only to SM Energy Company and not to any of its subsidiaries. The term "Notes" refers to the
Company's Notes being offered hereby.
The
Company will issue the Notes under an indenture dated as of May 21, 2015 (the "base indenture"), as supplemented by a supplemental indenture establishing the form and terms
of these Notes (together with the base indenture, as such may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the "indenture") between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association,
as trustee. We have filed a copy of the base indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement which includes the accompanying base prospectus. Copies of the base indenture and the supplemental
indenture are available as set forth below under "Where You Can Find Additional Information." The terms of the Notes include those stated in the Indenture and those made part of the Indenture by
reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "Trust Indenture Act").
The
indenture is unlimited in aggregate principal amount, although the issuance of Notes in this offering will be limited to $500 million. We may issue an unlimited principal
amount of additional notes having identical terms and conditions as the Notes (the "Additional Notes"), as well as debt securities of other series. We will only be permitted to issue such Additional
Notes in compliance with the covenant described under the subheading "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock." Any Additional Notes will be part of the same
series as the Notes that we are currently offering and will vote on all matters with the holders of the Notes. Unless the context otherwise requires, for all purposes of the Indenture and this
"Description of Notes," references to the Notes include any Additional Notes actually issued.
This
"Description of Notes," together with the "Description of Debt Securities" included in the accompanying base prospectus, is intended to be a useful overview of the material
provisions of the notes and the Indenture. Since this "Description of Notes" and such "Description of Debt Securities" is only a summary, you should refer to the Indenture for a complete description
of the obligations of the Company and your rights as holders of the notes. This "Description of Notes" supersedes the "Description of Debt Securities" in the accompanying base prospectus to the extent
it is inconsistent with such "Description of Debt Securities." Certain defined terms used in this description but not defined below under "Certain Definitions" have the meanings assigned
to them in the Indenture.
The
registered holder of a Note will be treated as the owner of it for all purposes. Only registered holders will have rights under the indenture.
General
The Notes.
The Notes will:
-
-
be general unsecured, senior obligations of the Company;
-
-
mature on , 2027;
-
-
be issued in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000;
-
-
be represented by one or more registered Notes in global form, but in certain circumstances may be represented by Notes in definitive form as
described under "Book-Entry Delivery and Form";
-
-
rank senior in right of payment to all existing and future Subordinated Obligations of the Company;
-
-
rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior unsecured Indebtedness of the Company, including its outstanding Senior
Notes;
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Table of Contents
-
-
effectively rank junior to all existing and future secured Indebtedness of the Company, including amounts that may be borrowed under our Senior
Secured Credit Agreement, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such Indebtedness; and
-
-
initially not be guaranteed by any of the Company's Subsidiaries, and thus will rank structurally junior to the indebtedness and other
obligations of the Company's Subsidiaries, except to the extent they have become guarantors of the Notes.
Interest.
Interest on the Notes will:
-
-
accrue at the rate of % per annum;
-
-
accrue from the Issue Date or, if interest has already been paid, from the most recent interest payment date;
-
-
be payable in cash semi-annually in arrears
on and , commencing
on , 2019;
-
-
be payable to the holders of record on
the and immediately preceding the related interest payment dates; and
-
-
be computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months.
If
an interest payment date falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the interest payment to be made on such interest payment date will be made on the next succeeding Business Day
with the same force and effect as if made on such interest payment date, and no additional interest will accrue as a result of such delayed payment. The Company will pay interest on overdue principal
of the Notes at the above rate, and on overdue installments of interest at such rate, to the extent lawful.
Payments on the Notes; Paying Agent and Registrar
We will pay principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes at the office or agency designated by the Company in the City and State of
New York, except that we may, at our option, pay interest on the Notes by check mailed to holders of the Notes at their registered address as they appear in the registrar's books. We have initially
designated the corporate trust office of the Trustee in New York, New York to act as our paying agent and its corporate trust office in Denver, Colorado to act as our registrar. We may, however,
change the paying agent or registrar without prior notice to the holders of the Notes, and the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries may act as paying agent or registrar.
We
will pay principal of, premium, if any, and interest on, Notes in global form registered in the name of or held by The Depository Trust Company or its nominee in immediately
available funds to The Depository Trust Company or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered holder of such global Note.
Transfer and Exchange
A holder may transfer or exchange Notes in accordance with the indenture. The registrar and the Trustee may require a holder, among other
things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents in connection with a transfer of Notes. No service charge will be imposed by the Company, the Trustee or the registrar for any
transfer or exchange of Notes, but the Company may require a holder to pay a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or other governmental taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the
indenture. The Company is not required to transfer or exchange any Note selected for redemption. Also, the Company is not required to transfer or exchange any Note for a period of 15 days
before a selection of Notes to be redeemed.
The
registered holder of a Note will be treated as its owner for all purposes.
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Table of Contents
Optional Redemption
On and
after , 2022, we may redeem all or, from time to time, a part of the Notes at the following redemption
prices (expressed
as a percentage of principal amount of the Notes), plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes, if any, to the applicable redemption date (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant
record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date), if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on of the years indicated below:
|
|
|
|
|
Year
|
|
Percentage
|
|
2022
|
|
|
|
|
2023
|
|
|
|
|
2024
|
|
|
|
|
2025 and thereafter
|
|
|
100.000
|
%
|
Prior
to , 2021, we may, at our option, on any one or more occasions redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal
amount of the Notes (including Additional Notes) issued
under the indenture with the Net Cash Proceeds of one or more Equity Offerings at a redemption price of % of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to
the redemption date (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date); provided that:
(1) at
least 65% of the original principal amount of the Notes issued on the Issue Date remains outstanding after each such redemption; and
(2) the
redemption occurs within 180 days after the closing of the related Equity Offering.
In
addition, the Notes may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at any time prior to , 2022 at the option of the
Company, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the
principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest to, the applicable redemption date (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant
record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).
"
Applicable Premium
" means, with respect to any Note on any applicable redemption date, the greater of:
(1) 1.0%
of the principal amount of such Note; or
(2) the
excess, if any, of:
(a) the
present value at such redemption date of (i) the redemption price of such Note at , 2022 (such
redemption price being set forth in the table
appearing above under the caption "Optional Redemption") plus (ii) all required interest payments (excluding accrued and unpaid interest to such redemption date) due on such Note
through , 2022 computed using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate as of such redemption date plus 50
basis points; over
(b) the
principal amount of such Note.
"
Treasury Rate
" means, as of any redemption date, the yield to maturity at the time of computation of United States Treasury securities
with a constant maturity (as compiled and published in the most recent Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (519), which has become publicly available at least two Business Days prior to the
redemption date (or, if such Statistical Release is no longer published, any publicly available source of similar market data)) most nearly equal to the period from the redemption date to
, 2022; provided, however, that if the period from the redemption
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Table of Contents
date
to , 2022 is not equal to the constant maturity of a United States Treasury security for which a weekly
average yield is given, the Treasury Rate shall be obtained by linear
interpolation (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth of a year) from the weekly average yields of United States Treasury securities for which such yields are given, except that if the period from the
redemption date to , 2022 is less than one year, the weekly average yield on actually traded United States
Treasury securities adjusted to
a constant maturity of one year shall be used. The Company will (a) calculate the Treasury Rate as of the second Business Day preceding the applicable redemption date and (b) prior to
such redemption date file with the Trustee an Officers' Certificate setting forth the Applicable Premium and the Treasury Rate and showing the calculation of each in reasonable detail.
Selection and Notice
If the Company is redeeming fewer than all of the outstanding Notes at any time, the Trustee will select the Notes for redemption in compliance
with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed or, if the Notes are not listed, then on a pro rata basis, by lot or by such other method as
the Trustee in its sole discretion deems fair and reasonable (or, in the case of Notes in global form, the Trustee will select Notes for redemption based on DTC's method that most nearly approximates
a pro rata selection), although no Note of $2,000 in original principal amount or less will be redeemed in part. Notices of redemption will be given at least 30 but not more than 60 days before
the redemption date to each holder of Notes to be redeemed at its registered address.
Notices
of redemption may be subject to one or more conditions precedent specified in the notices of redemption. If a redemption is subject to the satisfaction of one or more conditions
precedent, the related notice shall describe each such condition, and if applicable, shall state that, in the Company's discretion, the redemption date may be delayed until such time as any or all
such conditions shall be satisfied or waived (provided that in no event shall such redemption date be delayed to a date later than 60 days after the date on which such notice was sent), or such
redemption may not occur and such notice may be rescinded in the event that any or all such conditions shall not have been satisfied or waived by the redemption date, or by the redemption date as so
delayed. The Company shall provide written notice of the satisfaction or waiver of such conditions, the delay of such redemption date or the rescission of such notice of redemption to the Trustee no
later than one Business Day prior to the redemption date, and the Trustee shall provide such notice to each holder of the Notes in the same manner in which the notice of redemption was given. Upon
receipt of such notice of the delay of such redemption date or the rescission of such notice of redemption, such redemption date shall be automatically delayed or such notice of redemption shall be
automatically rescinded, as applicable, and the redemption of the Notes shall be automatically delayed or rescinded and cancelled, as applicable, as provided in such notice.
If
any Note is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption relating to such Note will state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. A new Note in principal
amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original Note will be issued in the name of the holder of the original Note upon cancellation of the partially redeemed original Note. On and after the
redemption date, interest will cease to accrue on any Notes or portion of Notes called for redemption unless we default in the payment thereof.
Offers to Purchase; Open Market Purchases
We may acquire Notes by means other than a redemption or required repurchase, whether by tender offer, open market purchases, negotiated
transactions or otherwise, in accordance with applicable securities laws, so long as such acquisition does not otherwise violate the terms of the
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Table of Contents
indenture.
Other existing or future agreements of the Company, however, may limit the ability of the Company or its Subsidiaries to purchase Notes prior to maturity.
Ranking
The Notes will be general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank senior in right of payment to all existing and future Indebtedness
that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Notes. The Notes will rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future liabilities of the Company that are not so subordinated
and will be effectively subordinated in right of payment to (a) all of our secured Indebtedness, including Indebtedness Incurred under our Senior Secured Credit Agreement, to the extent of the
value of the collateral securing such Indebtedness, and (b) the liabilities of any of our current or future Subsidiaries that do not guarantee the Notes. In the event of bankruptcy,
liquidation, reorganization or other winding up of the Company or upon a default in payment with respect to, or the acceleration of, any Indebtedness under the Senior Secured Credit Agreement or other
secured Indebtedness, the assets of the Company that secure secured Indebtedness will be available to pay obligations on the Notes only after all Indebtedness under the Senior Secured Credit Agreement
and other secured Indebtedness has been repaid in full from such assets. In addition, our Subsidiaries will not guarantee the Notes except in the circumstances specified below under
"Certain CovenantsFuture Subsidiary Guarantors." In the event of bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up of a non-guarantor Subsidiary, the assets of such
Subsidiary will be available to pay obligations on the Notes only after all obligations of such Subsidiary have been repaid in full from such assets. We advise you that there may not be sufficient
assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all the Notes and any Subsidiary guarantees then outstanding.
Our
Subsidiaries do not guarantee our Indebtedness under our Senior Secured Credit Agreement. Our Subsidiaries generated less than 1% of our consolidated total revenues for the six
months ended June 30, 2018 and held less than 1% of our consolidated total assets as of such date.
At
June 30, 2018, on an as further adjusted basis after giving effect to this offering as set forth under "Capitalization":
-
-
we would have had $2.6 billion of total indebtedness outstanding (other than intercompany indebtedness), none of which would have
constituted secured indebtedness;
-
-
we would have had availability of $1.0 billion under our Senior Secured Credit Agreement, subject to its terms, as to which the Notes
would have been effectively subordinated to the extent of the value of the collateral thereunder; and
-
-
our Subsidiaries would have had no indebtedness outstanding, other than intercompany indebtedness.
Subsidiary Guarantees
The Notes initially will not be guaranteed by any of our Subsidiaries. Certain of our Subsidiaries may in the future guarantee our obligations
under the Notes, including as set forth under "Certain CovenantsFuture Subsidiary Guarantors." The Subsidiary Guarantors, if any, will, jointly and severally, fully and
unconditionally guarantee on a senior unsecured basis our obligations under the Notes and all obligations under the indenture. The obligations of the Subsidiary Guarantors under the Subsidiary
Guarantees will rank equally in right of payment with other unsecured Indebtedness of such Subsidiary Guarantors, except to the extent such other Indebtedness is expressly subordinate to the
obligations arising under the Subsidiary Guarantees.
Although
the indenture will limit the amount of Indebtedness that Restricted Subsidiaries may Incur, the permitted Indebtedness of the Restricted Subsidiaries may be substantial and
such limitation is subject to a number of significant qualifications. Moreover, the indenture does not impose any
S-34
Table of Contents
limitation
on the Incurrence by such Subsidiaries of liabilities that are not considered Indebtedness under the indenture. See "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness
and Preferred Stock."
The
obligations of each Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee will be limited as necessary to prevent that Subsidiary Guarantee from constituting a fraudulent conveyance
or fraudulent transfer under applicable law, although no assurance can be given that a court would give the holder the benefit of such provision. Federal bankruptcy and state fraudulent conveyance
laws and other limitations may preclude the recovery of payments under the Subsidiary Guarantees. If a Subsidiary Guarantee were rendered voidable, it could be subordinated by a court to all other
indebtedness (including guarantees and other contingent liabilities) of the applicable Subsidiary Guarantor, and, depending on the amount of such indebtedness, a Subsidiary Guarantor's liability on
its Subsidiary Guarantee could be reduced to zero. If the obligations of a Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee were avoided, holders of Notes would have to look to the assets of any
remaining Subsidiary Guarantors for payment. There can be no assurance in that event that such assets would be sufficient to pay the outstanding principal and interest on the Notes.
If
a Subsidiary Guarantor is sold or disposed of (whether by merger, consolidation, the sale of its Capital Stock or the sale of all or substantially all of its assets (other than by
lease), and whether or not the Subsidiary Guarantor is the surviving entity in such transaction) to a Person that is not the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, such Subsidiary
Guarantor will be released from its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee if the sale or other disposition does not violate the covenants described under "Certain
CovenantsLimitation on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock."
In
addition, a Subsidiary Guarantor will be released from its obligations under the indenture and its Subsidiary Guarantee upon the release or discharge of the Guarantee that resulted
in the creation of such Subsidiary Guarantee pursuant to the covenant described under "Certain CovenantsFuture Subsidiary Guarantors," except a release or discharge by or as
a result of payment under such Guarantee; or if the Company designates such Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary and such designation complies with the other applicable provisions of the indenture
or if such Subsidiary otherwise no longer meets the definition of a Restricted Subsidiary; or in connection with any covenant defeasance, legal defeasance or satisfaction and discharge of the Notes as
provided below under the captions "Defeasance" and "Satisfaction and Discharge."
As
of the date hereof, all of the Company's Subsidiaries will be Restricted Subsidiaries. Under certain circumstances, the Company may designate Subsidiaries as Unrestricted
Subsidiaries. None of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries will be subject to the restrictive covenants in the indenture or will guarantee the Notes.
Change of Control
If a Change of Control Triggering Event occurs, unless the Company has previously or concurrently exercised its right to redeem all of the
Notes as described under "Optional Redemption," each holder will have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part (equal to $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in
excess of $2,000) of such holder's Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the principal amount of the Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to
the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).
Within
30 days following any Change of Control Triggering Event, unless the Company has previously or concurrently exercised our right to redeem all of the Notes as described
under
S-35
Table of Contents
"Optional
Redemption," we will mail a notice (the "Change of Control Offer") to each holder, with a copy to the Trustee, stating:
(1) that
a Change of Control Triggering Event has occurred and that such holder has the right to require us to purchase such holder's Notes at a purchase price in cash
equal to 101% of the principal amount of such Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to the right of holders of record on a record date to receive interest on
the relevant interest payment date) (the "Change of Control Payment");
(2) the
repurchase date (which shall be no earlier than 30 days nor later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed) (the "Change of Control Payment
Date");
(3) that
any Note not properly tendered will remain outstanding and continue to accrue interest;
(4) that
unless we default in the payment of the Change of Control Payment, all Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Change of Control Offer will cease to accrue
interest on the Change of Control Payment Date;
(5) that
holders electing to have any Notes in certificated form purchased pursuant to a Change of Control Offer will be required to surrender such Notes, with the form
entitled "Option of Holder to Elect Purchase" on the reverse of such Notes completed, to the paying agent specified in the notice at the address specified in the notice prior to the close of business
on the third Business Day preceding the Change of Control Payment Date;
(6) that
holders will be entitled to withdraw their tendered Notes and their election to require us to purchase such Notes, provided that the paying agent receives, not
later than the close of business on the third Business Day preceding the Change of Control Payment Date, a telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the holder of the
Notes, the principal amount of Notes tendered for purchase, and a statement that such holder is withdrawing its tendered Notes and its election to have such Notes purchased;
(7) that
if we are repurchasing a portion of the Note of any holder, the holder will be issued a new Note equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Note
surrendered, provided that the unpurchased portion of the Note must be equal to a minimum principal amount of $2,000 and an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000; and
(8) the
procedures determined by us, consistent with the indenture, that a holder must follow to have its Notes repurchased.
On
the Change of Control Payment Date, the Company will, to the extent lawful:
(1) accept
for payment all Notes or portions of Notes (in a minimum principal amount of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000) properly tendered
pursuant to the Change of Control Offer and not properly withdrawn;
(2) deposit
with the paying agent an amount equal to the Change of Control Payment in respect of all Notes or portions of Notes accepted for payment; and
(3) deliver
or cause to be delivered to the Trustee the Notes so accepted together with an Officers' Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of Notes or portions
of Notes being purchased by the Company.
The
paying agent will promptly mail or deliver to each holder of Notes accepted for payment the Change of Control Payment for such Notes, and the Trustee will promptly authenticate and
mail (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to each holder a new Note equal in principal amount to any
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Table of Contents
unpurchased
portion of the Notes surrendered, if any; provided that each such new Note will be in a minimum principal amount of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000.
If
the Change of Control Payment Date is on or after an interest record date and on or before the related interest payment date, any accrued and unpaid interest will be paid to the
Person in whose name a Note is registered at the close of business on such record date, and no further interest will be payable to holders who tender their Notes pursuant to the Change of Control
Offer.
The
Change of Control Triggering Event provisions described above will be applicable whether or not any other provisions of the indenture are applicable. Except as described above with
respect to a Change of Control Triggering Event, the indenture does not contain provisions that permit the holders to require that the Company repurchase or redeem the Notes in the event of a
takeover, recapitalization or similar transaction.
We
will not be required to make a Change of Control Offer upon a Change of Control Triggering Event if a third party makes the Change of Control Offer in the manner, at the times and
otherwise in compliance with the requirements set forth in the indenture applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by us, and purchases all Notes validly tendered and not withdrawn under such
Change of Control Offer.
A
Change of Control Offer may be made in advance of a Change of Control Triggering Event, and conditioned upon the occurrence of a Change of Control Triggering Event, if a definitive
agreement is in place for the Change of Control at the time of making the Change of Control Offer.
We
will comply, to the extent applicable, with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 of the Exchange Act and any other securities laws or regulations in connection with the repurchase
of Notes as a result of a
Change of Control Triggering Event. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with provisions of this covenant, we will comply with the applicable securities
laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached our obligations under in the indenture by virtue of our compliance with such securities laws or regulations.
Our
ability to repurchase Notes pursuant to a Change of Control Offer may be limited by a number of factors. The occurrence of certain of the events that constitute a Change of Control
would constitute a default under the Senior Secured Credit Agreement. In addition, certain events that may constitute a change of control under the Senior Secured Credit Agreement and cause a default
under that agreement will not constitute a Change of Control Triggering Event under the indenture. Future Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries may also contain prohibitions of certain
events that would constitute a Change of Control or require such Indebtedness to be repurchased upon a Change of Control. Moreover, the exercise by the holders of their right to require the Company to
repurchase the Notes could cause a default under such Indebtedness, even if the Change of Control Triggering Event itself does not, due to the financial effect of such repurchase on the Company.
Finally, the Company's ability to pay cash to the holders upon a repurchase may be limited by the Company's then existing financial resources. There can be no assurance that sufficient funds will be
available when necessary to make any required repurchases.
If
holders of not less than 90% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes validly tender their Notes and do not withdraw such Notes in a Change of Control Offer and the
Company, or any third party making a Change of Control Offer in lieu of the Company as described above, purchases all of the Notes validly tendered and not withdrawn by such holders, the Company will
have the right, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days' prior notice, given not more than 30 days following such purchase pursuant to the Change of Control Offer described above, to
redeem all Notes that remain outstanding following such purchase at a redemption price in cash equal to the applicable Change of Control Payment plus, to the extent not included in the Change of
Control Payment, accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption.
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The Change of Control provisions described above may deter certain mergers, tender offers and other takeover attempts involving the Company. The
Change of
Control purchase feature is a result of negotiations between the underwriters and us. As of the Issue Date, we have no present intention to engage in a transaction involving a Change of Control,
although it is possible that we could decide to do so in the future. Subject to the limitations discussed below, we could, in the future, enter into certain transactions, including acquisitions,
refinancings or other recapitalizations, that would not constitute a Change of Control Triggering Event under the indenture, but that could increase the amount of indebtedness outstanding at such time
or otherwise affect our capital structure or credit ratings. Restrictions on our ability to incur additional Indebtedness are contained in the covenants described under "Certain
CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock" and "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Liens." Such restrictions in the indenture can be waived only with
the consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding (including consents obtained in connection with a tender or exchange offer for the Notes). Except for the
limitations contained in such covenants, however, the indenture will not contain any covenants or provisions that may afford holders of the Notes protection in the event of a highly leveraged
transaction.
The
definition of "Change of Control" includes a disposition of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole to
any Person. Although
there is a limited body of case law interpreting the phrase "substantially all," there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, in certain circumstances
there may be a degree of uncertainty as to whether a particular transaction would involve a disposition of "all or substantially all" of the property or assets of a Person. As a result, it may be
unclear as to whether a Change of Control Triggering Event has occurred and whether a holder of Notes may require the Company to make an offer to repurchase the Notes as described above.
The
provisions under the indenture relative to our obligation to make an offer to repurchase the Notes as a result of a Change of Control Triggering Event may be waived or modified or
terminated with the written consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding (including consents obtained in connection with a tender or exchange offer for the
Notes) prior to the occurrence of such Change of Control Triggering Event.
Certain Covenants
Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, Incur any Indebtedness (including
Acquired Indebtedness) and the Company will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to issue Preferred Stock; provided, however, that the Company may Incur Indebtedness and any of the Subsidiary
Guarantors may Incur Indebtedness and issue Preferred Stock if on the date thereof:
(1) the
Consolidated Coverage Ratio for the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries is at least 2.25 to 1.00, determined on a pro forma basis (including a pro forma
application of proceeds); and
(2) no
Default would occur as a consequence of, and no Event of Default would be continuing following, Incurring the Indebtedness or its application.
The
first paragraph of this covenant will not prohibit the Incurrence of the following Indebtedness:
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$500.0 million
and 25.0% of the Company's Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined as of the date of the Incurrence of such Indebtedness after giving effect to the application of
the proceeds therefrom;
(2) Guarantees
of Indebtedness Incurred in accordance with the provisions of the indenture; provided that in the event such Indebtedness that is being Guaranteed is a
Subordinated Obligation or a Guarantor Subordinated Obligation, then the related Guarantee shall be subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantee to at least the same
extent as the Indebtedness being Guaranteed, as the case may be;
(3) Indebtedness
of the Company owing to and held by any Restricted Subsidiary or Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary owing to and held by the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary; provided, however, that (a)(i) if the Company is the obligor on such Indebtedness and the obligee is not a Subsidiary Guarantor, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the
prior payment in full in cash of all obligations with respect to the Notes and (ii) if a Subsidiary Guarantor is the obligor of such Indebtedness and the obligee is neither the Company nor a
Subsidiary Guarantor, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor with respect to its Subsidiary Guarantee and
(b)(i) any subsequent issuance or transfer of Capital Stock or any other event which results in any such Indebtedness being held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company and (ii) any sale or other transfer of any such Indebtedness to a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company shall be deemed, in each case, to constitute an
Incurrence of such Indebtedness by the Company or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, that was not permitted by this clause;
(4) Indebtedness
represented by (a) the Notes issued on the Issue Date and all Subsidiary Guarantees, (b) any Indebtedness (other than the Indebtedness
described in clauses (1), (2) and 4(a) above) outstanding on the Issue Date, and (c) any Refinancing Indebtedness Incurred in respect of any Indebtedness described in this
clause (4) or clause (5) or (7) below or Incurred pursuant to the first paragraph of this covenant;
(5) Permitted
Acquisition Indebtedness and Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness;
(6) Indebtedness
in respect of (a) self-insurance obligations, bid, appeal, reimbursement, performance, surety and similar bonds and completion guarantees provided
by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business and any Guarantees or letters of credit functioning as or supporting any of the foregoing bonds or obligations and
(b) obligations represented by letters of credit for the account of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in order to provide security for workers' compensation claims (in the case of
clauses (a) and (b) other than for an obligation for money borrowed);
(7) Indebtedness
represented by Capitalized Lease Obligations of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (whether or not Incurred pursuant to sale and leaseback
transactions), mortgage financings or purchase money obligations, Incurred in connection with the acquisition, construction, improvement or development of real or personal, movable or immovable,
property, in each case Incurred for the purpose of financing, refinancing, renewing, defeasing or refunding all or any part of the purchase price or cost of acquisition, construction, improvement or
development of property used in the business of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, provided that after giving effect to any such Incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness
Incurred pursuant to this clause (7), together with any Refinancing Indebtedness Incurred pursuant to clause (4) above in respect of such Indebtedness, and then outstanding does not
exceed $35.0 million; and
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(8) in
addition to the items referred to in clauses (1) through (7) above, Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in an aggregate
outstanding principal amount which, when taken together with the principal amount of all other Indebtedness Incurred pursuant to this clause (8) and then outstanding, will not exceed the
greater of $150.0 million or 2.5% of the Company's Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets, determined as of the date of Incurrence of such Indebtedness after giving effect to such Incurrence
and the application of the proceeds therefrom.
For
purposes of determining compliance with, and the outstanding principal amount of any particular Indebtedness Incurred pursuant to and in compliance with, this covenant:
(1) in
the event that an item of that Indebtedness meets the criteria of more than one of the types of Indebtedness described in the first and second paragraphs of this
covenant, the Company, in its sole discretion, will classify such item of Indebtedness on the date of Incurrence and, subject to clause (2) below, may later classify, reclassify or redivide all
or a portion of such item of Indebtedness, in any manner that complies with this covenant;
(2) all
Indebtedness outstanding on the date of the indenture under the Senior Secured Credit Agreement, after giving effect to this offering and the use of proceeds
thereof, shall be deemed Incurred on the Issue Date under clause (1) of the second paragraph of this covenant;
(3) Guarantees
of, or obligations in respect of letters of credit supporting, Indebtedness which is otherwise included in the determination of a particular amount of
Indebtedness shall not be included;
(4) if
obligations in respect of letters of credit are Incurred pursuant to a Credit Facility and are being treated as Incurred pursuant to clause (1) of the second
paragraph of this covenant and the letters of credit relate to other Indebtedness, then such other Indebtedness shall not be included to the extent of the underlying letter of credit;
(5) the
principal amount of any Disqualified Stock of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, or Preferred Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary, will be equal to the greater of
the maximum mandatory redemption or repurchase price (not including, in either case, any redemption or repurchase premium) or the liquidation preference thereof;
(6) Indebtedness
permitted by this covenant need not be permitted solely by reference to one provision permitting such Indebtedness but may be permitted in part by one such
provision and in part by one or more other provisions of this covenant permitting such Indebtedness; and
(7) the
amount of Indebtedness issued at a price that is less than the principal amount thereof will be equal to the amount of the liability in respect thereof determined
in accordance with GAAP.
Accrual
of interest, accrual of dividends, the amortization of debt discount or the accretion of accreted value, the payment of interest in the form of additional Indebtedness, the
payment of dividends in the form of additional shares of Preferred Stock or Disqualified Stock and unrealized losses or charges in respect of Hedging Obligations will not be deemed to be an Incurrence
of Indebtedness for purposes of this covenant.
The
Company will not permit any of its Unrestricted Subsidiaries to Incur any Indebtedness, or issue any shares of Disqualified Stock, other than Non-Recourse Debt. If at any time an
Unrestricted Subsidiary becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary shall be deemed to be Incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary as of such date (and, if such Indebtedness is not
permitted to be Incurred as of such date under this covenant, the Company shall be in Default of this covenant).
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For
purposes of determining compliance with any U.S. dollar-denominated restriction on the Incurrence of Indebtedness, the U.S. dollar-equivalent principal amount of Indebtedness
denominated in a foreign currency shall be calculated based on the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date such Indebtedness was Incurred, in the case of term Indebtedness, or first
committed, in the case of revolving credit Indebtedness; provided that if such Indebtedness is Incurred to refinance other Indebtedness denominated in a foreign currency, and such refinancing would
cause the applicable U.S. dollar-denominated restriction to be exceeded if calculated at the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date of such refinancing, such U.S. dollar-denominated
restriction shall be deemed not to have been exceeded so long as the principal amount of such refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount of such Indebtedness being refinanced.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this covenant, the maximum amount of Indebtedness that the Company may Incur pursuant to this covenant shall not be deemed to be exceeded solely as a result of
fluctuations in the exchange rates of currencies. The principal amount of any Indebtedness Incurred to refinance other Indebtedness, if Incurred in a different currency from the Indebtedness being
refinanced, shall be calculated based on the currency exchange rate applicable to the currencies in which such Refinancing Indebtedness is denominated that is in effect on the date of such
refinancing.
The
indenture will not treat (a) unsecured Indebtedness as subordinated or junior to secured Indebtedness merely because it is unsecured or (b) senior Indebtedness as
subordinated or junior to any other senior Indebtedness merely because it has a junior priority with respect to the same collateral.
Limitation on Restricted Payments
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, to:
(1) pay
any dividend or make any payment or distribution on or in respect of the Company's or any Restricted Subsidiaries' Capital Stock (including any payment or
distribution in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) except:
(a) dividends
or distributions by the Company payable solely in Capital Stock of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock but including options, warrants or other rights
to purchase such Capital Stock of the Company); and
(b) dividends
or distributions payable to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary and if such Restricted Subsidiary is not a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary, to minority
stockholders (or owners of an equivalent interest in the case of a Subsidiary that is an entity other than a corporation) so long as the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary receives at least its pro
rata share of such dividend or distribution;
(2) purchase,
repurchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Capital Stock of the Company or any direct or indirect parent of the Company held by
Persons other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary (other than in exchange for Capital Stock of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock));
(3) purchase,
repurchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value, prior to scheduled maturity, scheduled repayment or scheduled sinking fund payment, any
Subordinated Obligations or Guarantor Subordinated Obligations (other than (x) Indebtedness permitted under clause (3) of the second paragraph of the covenant "Limitation on
Indebtedness and Preferred Stock" or (y) the purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement of Subordinated Obligations or Guarantor Subordinated Obligations
purchased in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, principal
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installment
or final maturity, in each case due within one year of the date of purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement); or
(4) make
any Restricted Investment in any Person;
(any
such dividend, distribution, purchase, redemption, repurchase, defeasance, other acquisition, retirement or Restricted Investment referred to in clauses (1) through (4) above shall
be referred to herein as a "Restricted Payment"), if at the time the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary makes such Restricted Payment:
(a) a
Default shall have occurred and be continuing (or would result therefrom);
(b) the
Company is not able to Incur an additional $1.00 of Indebtedness pursuant to the covenant described in the first paragraph under "Limitation on
Indebtedness and Preferred Stock" after giving effect, on a pro forma basis, to such Restricted Payment; or
(c) the
aggregate amount of such Restricted Payment and all other Restricted Payments declared or made subsequent to the 2019 Notes Issue Date would exceed the sum of (the
"Restricted Payments Basket"):
(i) 50%
of Consolidated Net Income for the period (treated as one accounting period) from January 1, 2011 to the end of the most recent fiscal quarter ending prior
to the date of such Restricted Payment for which internal financial statements are in existence (or, in case such Consolidated Net Income is a deficit, minus 100% of such deficit);
(ii) 100%
of the aggregate Net Cash Proceeds and the Fair Market Value of property or securities other than cash (including Capital Stock of Persons engaged primarily in
the Oil and Gas Business or assets used in the Oil and Gas Business), in each case received by the Company from the issue or sale of its Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) or other capital
contributions subsequent to the 2019 Notes Issue Date (other than Net Cash Proceeds received from an issuance or sale of such Capital Stock to (x) Persons indicated in clause 5(a) of the
next succeeding paragraph or any direct or indirect parent of the Company, to the extent such Net Cash Proceeds have been used to make a Restricted Payment pursuant to clause (5)(a) of the next
succeeding paragraph, (y) a Subsidiary of the Company or (z) an employee stock ownership plan, option plan or similar trust (to the extent such sale to an employee stock ownership plan,
option plan or similar trust is financed by loans from or Guaranteed by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary unless such loans have been repaid with cash on or prior to the date of
determination));
(iii) the
amount by which Indebtedness of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries is reduced on the Company's balance sheet upon the conversion or exchange (other than
by a Subsidiary of the Company) subsequent to the 2019 Notes Issue Date of any Indebtedness of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries convertible or exchangeable for Capital Stock (other than
Disqualified Stock) of the Company (less the amount of any cash, or the Fair Market Value of any other property (other than such Capital Stock), distributed by the Company upon such conversion or
exchange), together with the net proceeds, if any, received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries upon such conversion or exchange; and
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The
amount of the Restricted Payments Basket as of June 30, 2018 was approximately $2.1 billion. The provisions of the preceding paragraph will not prohibit:
(1) any
Restricted Payment made by exchange for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale of, Capital Stock of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock
and other than Capital Stock issued or sold to a Subsidiary of the Company or an employee stock ownership plan or similar trust to the extent such sale to an employee stock ownership plan or similar
trust is financed by loans from or Guaranteed by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary unless such loans have been repaid with cash on or prior to the date of determination) or a substantially
concurrent cash capital contribution received by the Company from its stockholders; provided, however, that (a) such Restricted Payment will be excluded from subsequent calculations of the
amount of Restricted Payments and (b) the Net Cash Proceeds from such sale of Capital Stock or capital contribution will be excluded from clause (c)(ii) of the preceding paragraph;
(2) any
purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement of Subordinated Obligations of the Company or Guarantor Subordinated Obligations of
any Subsidiary Guarantor made by exchange for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale of, Refinancing Indebtedness or any purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other
acquisition or retirement of Guarantor Subordinated Obligations made by exchange for or out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale of Refinancing Indebtedness that, in each case, is
permitted to be Incurred pursuant to
the covenant described under "Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock"; provided,
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however,
that such purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance, acquisition or retirement will be excluded from subsequent calculations of the amount of Restricted Payments;
(3) any
purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement of Disqualified Stock of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary made by exchange
for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale of, Disqualified Stock of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, that, in each case, is permitted to be
Incurred pursuant to the covenant described under "Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock"; provided, however, that such purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance, acquisition
or retirement will be excluded from subsequent calculations of the amount of Restricted Payments;
(4) dividends
paid or distributions made within 60 days after the date of declaration if at such date of declaration such dividend or distribution would have
complied with this covenant if it had been made on such date; provided, however, that such dividends and distributions will be included in subsequent calculations of the amount of Restricted Payments;
and provided further, however, that for purposes of clarification, this clause (4) shall not include cash payments in lieu of the issuance of fractional shares included in clause (9)
below;
(5) so
long as no Default has occurred and is continuing, (a) the repurchase or other acquisition of Capital Stock (including options, warrants, equity appreciation
rights or other rights to purchase or acquire Capital Stock) of the Company held by any existing or former employees, officers or directors of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company
or their assigns, estates or heirs, in each case pursuant to the repurchase or other acquisition provisions under employee stock option or stock purchase plans or agreements or other agreements to
compensate officers, employees or directors, in each case approved by the Company's Board of Directors; provided that such repurchases or other acquisitions pursuant to this subclause (a)
during any calendar year will not exceed $2.5 million in the aggregate (with unused amounts in any calendar year being carried over to succeeding calendar years); provided further, that such
amount in any calendar year may be increased by an amount not to exceed: (A) the cash proceeds received by the Company from the sale of Capital Stock of the Company to any existing or former
employees, officers or directors of the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or their assigns, estates or heirs that occurs after the 2019 Notes Issue Date (to the extent the cash proceeds
from the sale of such Capital Stock have not otherwise been applied to the payment of Restricted Payments by virtue of clause (c) of the preceding paragraph), plus (B) the cash proceeds
of
key man life insurance policies received by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries after the 2019 Notes Issue Date, less (C) the amount of any Restricted Payments made pursuant to
clauses (A) and (B) of this clause (5)(a); provided further, however, that the amount of any such repurchase or other acquisition under this subclause (a) will be excluded
in subsequent calculations of the amount of Restricted Payments and the proceeds received from any such transaction will be excluded from clause (c)(ii) of the preceding paragraph for purposes
of calculating the Restricted Payments Basket; and (b) loans or advances to employees, officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, in each case as permitted by
Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the proceeds of which are used to purchase Capital Stock of the Company, or to refinance loans or advances made pursuant to this
clause (5)(b), in an aggregate principal amount not in excess of $2.5 million at any one time outstanding; provided, however, that the amount of such loans and advances will be included
in subsequent calculations of the amount of Restricted Payments;
(6) purchases,
repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions or retirements for value of Capital Stock deemed to occur upon the exercise of stock options, warrants, rights
to acquire Capital Stock or other convertible securities if such Capital Stock represents a portion
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of
the exercise or exchange price thereof, and any purchases, repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions or retirements for value of Capital Stock made in lieu of withholding taxes in connection
with any exercise or exchange of warrants, options or rights to acquire Capital Stock; provided, however, that such acquisitions or retirements will be excluded from subsequent calculations of the
amount of Restricted Payments;
(7) the
purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Subordinated Obligation (i) at a purchase price not greater
than 101% of the principal amount of such Subordinated Obligation in the event of a Change of Control in accordance with provisions similar to the covenant described under "Change of
Control" or (ii) at a purchase price not greater than 100% of the principal amount thereof in accordance with provisions similar to the covenant described under "Limitation on
Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock"; provided that, prior to or simultaneously with such purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement, the Company has made the
Change of Control Offer or Asset Disposition Offer, as applicable, as provided in such covenant with respect to the Notes and has completed the repurchase or redemption of all Notes validly tendered
for payment in connection with such Change of Control Offer or Asset Disposition Offer; provided, however, that such acquisitions or retirements will be excluded in subsequent calculations of the
amount of Restricted Payments;
(8) payments
or distributions to dissenting stockholders pursuant to applicable law or in connection with the settlement or other satisfaction of legal claims made pursuant
to or in connection with a consolidation, merger or transfer of assets; provided, however, that any payment pursuant to this clause (8) shall be excluded in the calculation of the amount of
Restricted Payments;
(9) cash
payments in lieu of the issuance of fractional shares; provided, however, that any payment pursuant to this clause (9) shall be excluded in the calculation
of the amount of Restricted Payments;
(10) the
payment of scheduled or accrued dividends to holders of any class of or series of Disqualified Stock of the Company issued on or after the 2019 Notes Issue Date in
accordance with the covenant captioned "Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock," to the extent such dividends are included in Consolidated Interest Expense; provided, however,
that any payment pursuant to this clause (10) shall be excluded in the calculation of the amount of Restricted Payments;
(11) the
payment of dividends on the Company's Common Stock in an aggregate amount not to exceed $20.0 million in any calendar year; provided, however, that the
amount of such Restricted Payments will be excluded in subsequent calculations of the amount of Restricted Payments; and
(12) Restricted
Payments in an amount not to exceed $30.0 million in the aggregate since the 2019 Notes Issue Date; provided, however, that the amount of such
Restricted Payments will be excluded in subsequent calculations of the amount of Restricted Payments.
The
amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) shall be the Fair Market Value on the date of such Restricted Payment of the asset(s) or securities proposed to be paid,
transferred or issued by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, pursuant to such Restricted Payment. The Fair Market Value of any cash Restricted Payment shall be its face
amount and the Fair Market Value of any non-cash Restricted Payment shall be determined in accordance with the definition of that term. Not later than the date of making any Restricted Payment in
excess of $15.0 million that will be included in subsequent calculations of the amount of Restricted Payments, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that
such Restricted Payment is
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permitted
and setting forth the basis upon which the calculations required by this covenant were computed.
If
a Restricted Payment meets the criteria of more than one of the exceptions described in clauses (1) through (12) above or is entitled to be made pursuant to the first
paragraph above, the Company shall, in its sole discretion, subdivide and classify, and may later reclassify, such Restricted Payment in any manner that complies with this covenant.
As
of the Issue Date, all of the Company's Subsidiaries will be Restricted Subsidiaries. We will not permit any Unrestricted Subsidiary to become a Restricted Subsidiary except pursuant
to the last sentence of the definition of "Unrestricted Subsidiary." For the purpose of designating any Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, all outstanding Investments by the Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries (except to the extent repaid) in the Subsidiary so designated will be deemed to be Restricted Payments in an amount determined as set forth in the last sentence of the
definition of "Investment." Such designation will be permitted only if a Restricted Payment in such amount would be permitted at such time, whether pursuant to the first paragraph of this covenant or
under clause (12) of the second paragraph of this covenant, or pursuant to the definition of "Permitted Investments," and if such Subsidiary otherwise meets the definition of an Unrestricted
Subsidiary.
Limitation on Liens
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, Incur or suffer to exist any
Lien (the "Initial Lien") other than Permitted Liens upon any of its property or assets (including Capital Stock of Restricted Subsidiaries), including any income or profits therefrom, whether owned
on the date of the indenture or acquired after that date, which Lien is securing any Indebtedness, unless contemporaneously with the Incurrence of such Liens, effective provision is made to secure the
Indebtedness due under the Notes or, in respect of Liens on any Restricted Subsidiary's property or assets, any Subsidiary Guarantee of such Restricted Subsidiary, equally and ratably with (or senior
in priority to in the case of Liens with respect to Subordinated Obligations or Guarantor Subordinated Obligations, as the case may be) the Indebtedness secured by such Lien for so long as such
Indebtedness is so secured.
Any
Lien created for the benefit of the holders of the Notes pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall provide by its terms that such Lien shall be automatically and unconditionally
released and discharged upon the release and discharge of the Initial Lien.
Limitation on Restrictions on Distributions from Restricted Subsidiaries
The Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create or otherwise cause or permit to exist or become effective any
consensual encumbrance or consensual restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to:
(1) pay
dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock or pay any Indebtedness or other obligations owed to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (it
being understood that the priority of any Preferred Stock in receiving dividends or liquidating distributions prior to dividends or liquidating distributions being paid on Common Stock shall not be
deemed a restriction on the ability to make distributions on Capital Stock);
(2) make
any loans or advances to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (it being understood that the subordination of loans or advances made to the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary to other Indebtedness Incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary shall not be deemed a restriction on the ability to make loans or advances); or
(3) sell,
lease or transfer any of its property or assets to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary.
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The
preceding provisions will not prohibit:
(i) any
encumbrance or restriction pursuant to or by reason of an agreement in effect at or entered into on the Issue Date, including, without limitation, the indenture as
in effect on such date;
(ii) any
encumbrance or restriction with respect to a Person pursuant to or by reason of an agreement relating to any Capital Stock or Indebtedness Incurred by a Person on
or before the date on which such Person was acquired by the Company or another Restricted Subsidiary (other than Capital Stock or Indebtedness Incurred as consideration in, or to provide all or any
portion of the funds utilized to consummate, the transaction or series of related transactions pursuant to which such Person was acquired by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary or in contemplation
of the transaction) and
outstanding on such date; provided that any such encumbrance or restriction shall not extend to any assets or property of the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary other than the assets and
property so acquired;
(iii) encumbrances
and restrictions contained in contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, not relating to any Indebtedness, and that do not, individually
or in the aggregate, detract from the value of, or from the ability of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries to realize the value of, property or assets of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary in any manner material to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary;
(iv) any
encumbrance or restriction with respect to an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to or by reason of an agreement that the Unrestricted Subsidiary is a party to
entered into before the date on which such Unrestricted Subsidiary became a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that such agreement was not entered into in anticipation of the Unrestricted Subsidiary
becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and any such encumbrance or restriction shall not extend to any assets or property of the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary other than the assets and property
so acquired;
(v) with
respect to any Restricted Subsidiary incorporated or organized outside the United States, any encumbrance or restriction contained in the terms of any Indebtedness
or any agreement pursuant to which such Indebtedness was Incurred if either (a) the encumbrance or restriction applies only in the event of a payment default or a default with respect to a
financial covenant in such Indebtedness or agreement or (b) the Company determines that any such encumbrance or restriction will not materially affect the Company's ability to make principal or
interest payments on the Notes, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be conclusive;
(vi) any
encumbrance or restriction with respect to a Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to an agreement effecting a refunding, replacement or refinancing of Indebtedness
Incurred pursuant to an agreement referred to in clauses (i) through (v) or clause (xii) of this paragraph or this clause (vi) or contained in any amendment, restatement,
modification, renewal, supplemental, refunding, replacement or refinancing of an agreement referred to in clauses (i) through (v) or clause (xii) of this paragraph or this
clause (vi); provided that the encumbrances and restrictions with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary contained in any such agreement taken as a whole are no less favorable in any material
respect to the holders of the Notes than the encumbrances and restrictions contained in the agreements governing the Indebtedness being refunded, replaced or refinanced;
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(vii) in
the case of clause (3) of the first paragraph of this covenant, any encumbrance or restriction:
(a) that
restricts in a customary manner the subletting, assignment or transfer of any property or asset that is subject to a lease (including leases governing leasehold
interests or farm-in agreements or farm-out agreements relating to leasehold interests in Oil and Gas Properties), license or similar contract, or the assignment or transfer of any such lease
(including leases governing leasehold interests or farm-in agreements or farm-out agreements relating to leasehold interests in Oil and Gas Properties), license (including, without limitation,
licenses of intellectual property) or other contract;
(b) contained
in mortgages, pledges or other security agreements permitted under the indenture securing Indebtedness of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to the extent
such encumbrances or restrictions restrict the transfer of the property subject to such mortgages, pledges or other security agreements;
(c) contained
in any agreement creating Hedging Obligations permitted from time to time under the indenture;
(d) pursuant
to customary provisions restricting dispositions of real property interests set forth in any reciprocal easement agreements of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary;
(e) restrictions
on cash or other deposits imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business; or
(f) provisions
with respect to the disposition or distribution of assets or property in operating agreements, joint venture agreements, development agreements, area of
mutual interest agreements and other agreements that are customary in the Oil and Gas Business and entered into in the ordinary course of business;
(viii) any
encumbrance or restriction contained in (a) purchase money obligations for property acquired in the ordinary course of business and (b) Capitalized
Lease Obligations permitted under the indenture, in each case, that impose encumbrances or restrictions of the nature described in clause (3) of the first paragraph of this covenant on the
property so acquired;
(ix) any
encumbrance or restriction with respect to a Restricted Subsidiary (or any of its property or assets) imposed pursuant to an agreement entered into for the direct
or indirect sale or disposition of all or a portion of the Capital Stock or assets of such Restricted Subsidiary (or the property or assets that are subject to such restriction) pending the closing of
such sale or disposition;
(x) any
customary encumbrances or restrictions imposed pursuant to any agreement of the type described in the definition of "Permitted Business Investment";
(xi) encumbrances
or restrictions arising or existing by reason of applicable law or any applicable rule, regulation or order;
(xii) encumbrances
or restrictions contained in agreements governing Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted to be Incurred pursuant to
an agreement entered into subsequent to the Issue Date in accordance with the covenant described under the caption "Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock"; provided that the
provisions relating to such encumbrance or restriction contained in such Indebtedness are not materially less favorable to the Company taken as a whole, as determined by the Board
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of
Directors of the Company in good faith, than the provisions contained in the Senior Secured Credit Agreement and in the indenture as in effect on the Issue Date;
(xiii) the
issuance of Preferred Stock by a Restricted Subsidiary or the payment of dividends thereon in accordance with the terms thereof; provided that issuance of such
Preferred Stock is permitted pursuant to the covenant described under the caption "Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock" and the terms of such Preferred Stock do not expressly
restrict the ability of a Restricted Subsidiary to pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock (other than requirements to pay dividends or liquidation preferences on such
Preferred Stock prior to paying any dividends or making any other distributions on such other Capital Stock);
(xiv) supermajority
voting requirements existing under corporate charters, bylaws, stockholders agreements and similar documents and agreements;
(xv) restrictions
on cash or other deposits or net worth imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business; and
(xvi) any
encumbrance or restriction contained in the Senior Secured Credit Agreement as in effect as of the Issue Date, and in any amendments, modifications, restatements,
renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancing thereof; provided that such amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings,
replacements or refinancings are no more restrictive with respect to such dividend and other payment restrictions than those contained in the Senior Secured Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue
Date.
Limitation on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, make any Asset Disposition unless:
(1) the
Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, receives consideration at the time of such Asset Disposition at least equal to the Fair Market Value
(such Fair Market Value to be determined on the date of contractually agreeing to such Asset Disposition) of the shares or other assets subject to such Asset Disposition; and
(2) at
least 75% of the aggregate consideration received by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, from such Asset Disposition and all other Asset
Dispositions since the 2019 Notes Issue Date, on a cumulative basis, is in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents or Additional Assets, or any combination thereof.
The
Net Available Cash from such Asset Disposition may be applied, within 365 days from the later of the date of such Asset Disposition or the receipt of such Net Available Cash,
by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be:
(a) to
prepay, repay, redeem or purchase Pari Passu Indebtedness of the Company (including the Notes) or a Subsidiary Guarantor or any Indebtedness (other than Disqualified
Stock) of a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor (in each case, excluding Indebtedness owed to the Company or an Affiliate of the Company); provided, however, that, in connection
with any prepayment, repayment, redemption or purchase of Indebtedness pursuant to this clause (a), the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary will retire such Indebtedness and will cause the
related commitment (if any) to be permanently reduced in an amount equal to the principal amount so prepaid, repaid, redeemed or purchased; or
(b) to
make capital expenditures in the Oil and Gas Business or to invest in Additional Assets;
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provided
that pending the final application of any such Net Available Cash in accordance with clause (a) or clause (b) above, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may temporarily
reduce Indebtedness or otherwise invest such Net Available Cash in any manner not prohibited by the indenture.
Any
Net Available Cash from Asset Dispositions that is not applied or invested as provided in the preceding paragraph will be deemed to constitute "Excess Proceeds." Not later than the
366th day from the later of the date of such Asset Disposition or the receipt of such Net Available Cash, if the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds exceeds $25.0 million, the Company
will be required to make an offer ("Asset Disposition Offer") to all holders of Notes and, to the extent required by the terms of other Pari Passu Indebtedness, to all holders of other Pari Passu
Indebtedness outstanding with similar provisions requiring the Company to make an offer to purchase such Pari Passu Indebtedness with the proceeds from any Asset Disposition ("Pari Passu Notes") to
purchase the maximum principal amount of Notes and any such Pari Passu Notes to which the Asset Disposition Offer applies that may be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds, at an offer price in cash in
an amount equal to 100% of the principal amount (or, in the event such Pari Passu Indebtedness of the Company was issued with significant original issue discount, 100% of the accreted value thereof)
of the Notes and Pari Passu Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any (or in respect of such Pari Passu Indebtedness, such lesser price, if any, as may be provided for by the terms of such
Indebtedness), to the date of purchase (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date), in accordance with the
procedures set forth in the indenture or the agreements governing the Pari Passu Notes, as applicable, in each case in minimum principal amount of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of
$2,000. If the aggregate principal amount of Notes surrendered by holders thereof and other Pari Passu Notes surrendered by holders or lenders, collectively, exceeds the amount of Excess Proceeds, the
Trustee shall select the Notes to be purchased on a pro rata basis on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of tendered Notes and Pari Passu Notes. To the extent that the aggregate principal
amount of Notes and Pari Passu Notes so validly tendered and not properly withdrawn pursuant to an Asset Disposition Offer is less than the Excess Proceeds, the Company may use any remaining Excess
Proceeds for general corporate purposes, subject to the other covenants contained in the indenture. Upon completion of such Asset Disposition Offer, the amount of Excess Proceeds shall be reset at
zero.
The
Asset Disposition Offer will remain open for a period of 20 Business Days following its commencement, except to the extent that a longer period is required by applicable law (the
"Asset Disposition Offer Period"). No later than five Business Days after the termination of the Asset Disposition Offer Period (the "Asset Disposition Purchase Date"), the Company will purchase the
principal amount of Notes and Pari Passu Notes required to be purchased pursuant to this covenant (the "Asset Disposition Offer Amount") or, if less than the Asset Disposition Offer Amount has been so
validly tendered and not properly withdrawn, all Notes and Pari Passu Notes validly tendered and not properly withdrawn in response to the Asset Disposition Offer.
If
the Asset Disposition Purchase Date is on or after an interest record date and on or before the related interest payment date, any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, will be paid
to the Person in whose name a Note is registered at the close of business on such record date, and no further interest will be payable to holders who tender Notes pursuant to the Asset Disposition
Offer.
On
or before the Asset Disposition Purchase Date, the Company will, to the extent lawful, accept for payment, on a pro rata basis to the extent necessary, the Asset Disposition Offer
Amount of Notes and Pari Passu Notes or portions of Notes and Pari Passu Notes so validly tendered and not properly withdrawn pursuant to the Asset Disposition Offer, or if less than the Asset
Disposition Offer Amount has been validly tendered and not properly withdrawn, all Notes and Pari Passu Notes so validly tendered and not properly withdrawn, in each case in minimum principal amount
of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000. The Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers'
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Certificate
stating that such Notes or portions thereof were accepted for payment by the Company in accordance with the terms of this covenant and, in addition, the Company will deliver all
certificates and notes required, if any, by the agreements governing the Pari Passu Notes. The Company or the paying agent, as the case may be, will promptly (but in any case not later than five
Business Days after the termination of the Asset Disposition Offer Period) mail or deliver to each tendering holder of Notes or holder or lender of Pari Passu Notes, as the case may be, an amount
equal to the purchase price of the Notes or Pari Passu Notes so validly tendered and not properly withdrawn by such holder or lender, as the case may be, and accepted by the Company for purchase, and
the Company will promptly issue a new Note, and the Trustee, upon delivery of an Officers' Certificate from the Company, will authenticate and mail or deliver such new Note to such holder, in a
principal amount equal to any unpurchased portion of the Note surrendered; provided that each such new Note will be in a minimum principal amount of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess
of $2,000. In addition, the Company will take any and all other actions required by the agreements governing the Pari Passu Notes. Any Note not so accepted will be promptly mailed or delivered by the
Company to the holder thereof. The Company will publicly announce the results of the Asset Disposition Offer on the Asset Disposition Purchase Date.
The
Company will comply, to the extent applicable, with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 of the Exchange Act and any other securities laws or regulations in connection with the
repurchase of Notes pursuant to an Asset Disposition Offer. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with provisions of this covenant, the Company will comply
with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under the indenture by virtue of its compliance with such securities laws or regulations.
For
the purposes of clause (2) of the first paragraph of this covenant, the following will be deemed to be cash:
(1) the
assumption by the transferee of Indebtedness (other than Subordinated Obligations or Disqualified Stock) of the Company or Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary
(other than Guarantor Subordinated Obligations or Disqualified Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary that is a Subsidiary Guarantor) and the release of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from all
liability on such Indebtedness in connection with such Asset Disposition (in which case the Company will, without further action, be deemed to have applied such deemed cash to Indebtedness in
accordance with clause (a) of the second paragraph of this covenant); and
(2) securities,
notes or other obligations received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary from the transferee that are converted by the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary into cash within 180 days after receipt thereof.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the 75% limitation referred to in clause (2) of the first paragraph of this covenant shall be deemed satisfied with respect to any Asset
Disposition in which the cash or Cash Equivalents portion of the consideration received therefrom, determined in accordance with the foregoing provision on an after-tax basis, is equal to or greater
than what the after-tax proceeds would have been had such Asset Disposition complied with the aforementioned 75% limitation.
The
requirement of clause (b) of the second paragraph of this covenant above shall be deemed to be satisfied if an agreement (including a lease, whether a capital lease or an
operating lease) committing to make the acquisitions or expenditures referred to therein is entered into by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiary within the specified time period and such Net
Available Cash is subsequently applied in accordance with such agreement within six months following such agreement.
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Limitation on Affiliate Transactions
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, enter into, make, amend or conduct any
transaction (including making a payment to, the purchase, sale, lease or exchange of any property or the rendering of any service), contract, agreement or understanding with or for the benefit of any
Affiliate of the Company (an "Affiliate Transaction") involving aggregate consideration to or from the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in excess of $10.0 million unless:
(1) the
terms of such Affiliate Transaction are not materially less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, than those that could
reasonably be expected to be obtained in a comparable transaction at the time of such transaction in arm's-length dealings with a Person who is not such an Affiliate; and
(2) either:
(a) if such Affiliate Transaction involves an aggregate consideration in excess of $20.0 million but not greater than $50.0 million, the
Company delivers to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction satisfies the criteria in clause (1) above, or (b) if such Affiliate Transaction
involves an aggregate consideration in excess of $50.0 million, the Company delivers to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction satisfies the criteria in
clause (1) above and that the terms of such transaction have been approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company having no personal pecuniary interest in such
transaction.
The
preceding paragraph will not apply to:
(1) any
Restricted Payment permitted to be made pursuant to the covenant described under "Limitation on Restricted Payments" or any Permitted Investment;
(2) any
issuance of Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock), or other payments, awards or grants in cash, Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) or otherwise
pursuant to, or the funding of, employment or severance agreements and other compensation arrangements, options to purchase Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company, restricted
stock plans, long-term incentive plans, stock appreciation rights plans, participation plans or similar employee benefits plans and/or insurance and indemnification arrangements provided to or for the
benefit of directors and employees approved by the Board of Directors of the Company;
(3) loans
or advances to employees, officers or directors in the ordinary course of business of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries not to exceed
$5.0 million in the aggregate at any one time outstanding;
(4) advances
to or reimbursements of employees for moving, entertainment and travel expenses, drawing accounts and similar expenditures in the ordinary course of business
of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
(5) any
transaction between the Company and a Restricted Subsidiary or between Restricted Subsidiaries, and Guarantees issued by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary for
the benefit of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, in accordance with "Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock";
(6) any
transaction with a joint venture or similar entity (other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary) that would constitute an Affiliate Transaction solely because the Company
or a Restricted Subsidiary owns, directly or indirectly, an Equity Interest in or otherwise controls such joint venture or similar entity;
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(7) the
issuance or sale of any Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company to, or the receipt by the Company of any capital contribution from its
stockholders;
(8) indemnities
of officers, directors and employees of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted by bylaw or statutory provisions and any employment
agreement or other employee compensation plan or arrangement entered into in the ordinary course of business by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
(9) the
payment of reasonable compensation and fees paid to, and indemnity provided on behalf of, officers or directors of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary;
(10) the
performance of obligations of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries under the terms of any agreement to which the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries is a party as of or on the Issue Date, as these agreements may be amended, modified, supplemented, extended or renewed from time to time; provided, however, that any future amendment,
modification, supplement, extension or renewal entered into after the Issue Date will be permitted only to the extent that its terms are not materially more disadvantageous, taken as a whole, to the
holders of the Notes than the terms of the agreements in effect on the Issue Date;
(11) transactions
with customers, clients, suppliers, or purchasers or sellers of goods or services, in each case in the ordinary course of business and otherwise in
compliance with the terms of the indenture, provided that in the reasonable determination of the Board of Directors of the Company or the senior management of the Company, such transactions are on
terms not materially less favorable to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary than those that could reasonably be expected to be obtained in a comparable transaction at such time on an
arm's-length basis from a Person that is not an Affiliate of the Company;
(12) transactions
with a Person (other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary) that is an Affiliate of the Company solely because the Company owns, directly or through a
Restricted Subsidiary, an Equity Interest in such Person; and
(13) transactions
between the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary and any Person, a director of which is also a director of the Company or any direct or indirect parent
company of the Company, and such director is the sole cause for such Person to be deemed an Affiliate of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary; provided, however, that such director shall abstain from voting as a director of the Company or such direct or indirect parent company, as the case may be, on any matter involving such
other Person.
Business Activities
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, engage in any business activity other than the Oil and Gas
Business, except to such extent as would not be material to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
Provision of Financial Information
Whether or not the Company is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act, to the
extent not prohibited by the Exchange Act, the Company will make available to the Trustee and the holders of the Notes without cost to any holder, the annual reports and the information, documents and
other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) that are specified in Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act and
applicable to a U.S. corporation within the time periods specified therein with respect to an accelerated filer.
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If
the Company has designated any of its Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries, then the financial information required will include a reasonably detailed presentation, either on
the face of the financial statements or in the footnotes thereto, and in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the financial condition and results
of operations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries separate from the financial condition and results of operations of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries of the Company.
The
availability of the foregoing materials on the SEC's website or on the Company's website shall be deemed to satisfy the foregoing delivery obligations.
Merger and Consolidation
The Company will not consolidate with or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation), or convey, transfer or
lease all or substantially all the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in one or more related transactions to, any Person, unless:
(1) the
resulting, surviving or transferee Person (the "Successor Company") is a corporation, partnership, trust or limited liability company organized and existing under
the laws of the United States of America, any State of the United States or the District of Columbia and the Successor Company (if not the Company) expressly assumes, by supplemental indenture,
executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, all the obligations of the Company under the Notes and the indenture;
(2) immediately
after giving effect to such transaction (and treating any Indebtedness that becomes an obligation of the Successor Company or any Subsidiary of the
Successor Company as a result of such transaction as having been Incurred by the Successor Company or such Subsidiary at the time of such transaction), no Default or Event of Default shall have
occurred and be continuing;
(3) either
(A) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, the Successor Company would be able to Incur at least an additional $1.00 of Indebtedness
pursuant to the first paragraph of the covenant described under "Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock" or (B) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro
forma basis and any related financing transactions as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four quarter period, the Consolidated Coverage Ratio of the Company is equal to or
greater than the Consolidated Coverage Ratio of the Company immediately before such transaction;
(4) if
the Company is not the Successor Company, each Subsidiary Guarantor (unless it is the other party to the transactions above, in which case clause (1) shall
apply) shall have by supplemental indenture confirmed that its Subsidiary Guarantee shall apply to such Person's obligations in respect of the indenture and the Notes shall continue to be in effect;
and
(5) the
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer
or lease and such supplemental indenture (if any) comply with the indenture.
For
purposes of this covenant, the sale, lease, conveyance, assignment, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of one or more
Subsidiaries of the Company, which properties and assets, if held by the Company instead of such Subsidiaries, would constitute all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company on
a consolidated basis, shall be deemed to be the transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company.
The
Successor Company will succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under the indenture; and its predecessor Company, except in the
case of a
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lease
of all or substantially all its assets, will be released from the obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the Notes.
Although
there is a limited body of case law interpreting the phrase "substantially all," there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, in
certain circumstances there may be a degree of uncertainty as to whether a particular transaction would involve "all or substantially all" of the assets of a Person.
Notwithstanding
the preceding clause (3), (x) any Restricted Subsidiary may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties and assets to the
Company and the Company may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties and assets to a Subsidiary Guarantor and (y) the Company may merge with an Affiliate
incorporated solely for the purpose of reincorporating the Company in another jurisdiction; and provided further that, in the case of a Restricted Subsidiary that consolidates with, merges into or
transfers all or part of its properties and assets to the Company, the Company will not be required to comply with the preceding clause (5).
In
addition, the Company will not permit any Subsidiary Guarantor to consolidate with or merge with or into, and will not permit the conveyance, transfer or lease of all or
substantially all of the assets of any Subsidiary Guarantor to, any Person (other than the Company or another Subsidiary Guarantor) unless:
(1) (a)
the resulting, surviving or transferee Person is a corporation, partnership, trust or limited liability company organized and existing under the laws of the United
States of America, any State of the United States or the District of Columbia and such Person (if not such Subsidiary Guarantor) expressly assumes, by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to
the Trustee, all the obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee; (b) immediately after giving effect to such
transaction (and treating any Indebtedness that becomes an obligation of the resulting, surviving or transferee Person or any Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such transaction as having been
Incurred by such Person or such Restricted Subsidiary at the time of such transaction), no Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and (c) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee
an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or transfer and such supplemental indenture (if any) comply with the indenture; or
(2) the
transaction will result in the release of the Subsidiary Guarantor from its obligations under the indenture and its Subsidiary Guarantee after and upon compliance
with the provisions described under "Subsidiary Guarantees."
Future Subsidiary Guarantors
The Company will cause any Restricted Subsidiary that is not already a Subsidiary Guarantor that Guarantees any Indebtedness of the Company or
a Subsidiary Guarantor under a Credit Facility to execute and deliver to the Trustee within 30 days after such Subsidiary Guarantees such Indebtedness a supplemental indenture (in the form
specified in the indenture) pursuant to which such Subsidiary will unconditionally Guarantee, on a joint and several basis, the full and prompt payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and
interest on the Notes on a senior basis. Such Subsidiary Guarantee will be subject to release provisions and the other limitations set forth above under "Subsidiary Guarantees."
Covenant Termination
From and after the occurrence of an Investment Grade Rating Event, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries will no longer be subject to the
provisions of the indenture described above under the following headings:
-
-
"Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock,"
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-
-
"Limitation on Restricted Payments,"
-
-
"Limitation on Restrictions on Distributions from Restricted Subsidiaries,"
-
-
"Limitation on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock,"
-
-
"Limitation on Affiliate Transactions" and
-
-
Clause (3) of "Merger and Consolidation"
(collectively,
the "Eliminated Covenants"). As a result, after the date on which the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries are no longer subject to the Eliminated Covenants, the Notes will be
entitled to substantially reduced covenant protection.
After
the Eliminated Covenants have been terminated, the Company may not designate any of its Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries pursuant to the second sentence of the definition
of "Unrestricted Subsidiary."
Events of Default
Each of the following is an Event of Default with respect to the Notes:
(1) default
in any payment of interest on any Note when due, continued for 30 days;
(2) default
in the payment of principal of or premium, if any, on any Note when due at its Stated Maturity, upon optional redemption, upon required repurchase, upon
declaration of acceleration or otherwise;
(3) failure
by the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor to comply with its obligations under the covenants described above under "Certain
CovenantsMerger and Consolidation";
(4) failure
by the Company to comply for 30 days (or 180 days in the case of a Reporting Failure) after notice as provided below with any of its obligations
under the covenant described under "Change of Control" above or under the covenants described under "Certain Covenants" above (in each case, other than a failure to purchase
Notes which will constitute an Event of Default under clause (2) above and other than a failure to comply with "Certain CovenantsMerger and Consolidation" which is
covered by clause (3));
(5) failure
by the Company to comply for 60 days after notice as provided below with its other agreements contained in the indenture;
(6) default
under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there is issued or by which there is secured or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by the
Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or the payment of which is Guaranteed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), other than Indebtedness owed to the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary, whether such Indebtedness or Guarantee now exists, or is created after the date of the indenture, which default:
(a) is
caused by a failure to pay principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on such Indebtedness prior to the expiration of the grace period provided in such
Indebtedness (and any extensions of any grace period) ("payment default"); or
(b) results
in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity (the "cross acceleration provision");
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and,
in each case, the principal amount of any such Indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other such Indebtedness under which there has been a payment default or the maturity of
which has been so accelerated, aggregates $30.0 million or more;
(7) certain
events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of the Company or a Significant Subsidiary or group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together (as of
the latest audited consolidated financial statements for the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries), would constitute a Significant Subsidiary (the "bankruptcy provisions");
(8) failure
by the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together (as of the latest audited consolidated financial
statements for the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries), would constitute a Significant Subsidiary to pay final judgments aggregating in excess of $30.0 million (to the extent not covered
by insurance by a reputable and creditworthy insurer as to which the insurer has not disclaimed coverage), which judgments are not paid or discharged, and there shall be any period of 60 consecutive
days following entry of such final judgment or decree during which a stay of enforcement of such final judgment or decree, by reason of pending appeal or otherwise, shall not be in effect (the
"judgment default provision"); or
(9) any
Subsidiary Guarantee of a Significant Subsidiary or group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together (as of the latest audited consolidated financial
statements for the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries) would constitute a Significant Subsidiary, ceases to be in full force and effect (except as contemplated by the terms of the indenture) or
is declared null and void in a judicial proceeding or any Subsidiary Guarantor that is a Significant Subsidiary or group of Subsidiary Guarantors that, taken together (as of the latest audited
consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries) would constitute a Significant Subsidiary, denies or disaffirms its obligations under the indenture or its Subsidiary
Guarantee.
However,
a default under clauses (4) and (5) of this paragraph will not constitute an Event of Default until the Trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount
of the outstanding Notes notify the Company in writing and, in the case of a notice given by the holders, the Trustee, of the default and the Company does not cure such default within the time
specified in clauses (4) and (5) of this paragraph after receipt of such notice.
If
an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default described in clause (7) above) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the holders of at least
25% in principal amount of the outstanding Notes by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may, and the Trustee at the request of such holders shall, declare the principal of, premium, if any, accrued
and unpaid interest, if any, on all the Notes to be due and payable. If an Event of Default described in clause (7) above occurs and is continuing, the principal of, premium, if any, accrued
and unpaid interest, if any, on all the Notes will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any holders. The holders of a majority
in principal amount of the outstanding Notes may rescind any such acceleration with respect to the Notes and its consequences if, among other requirements, (1) rescission would not conflict
with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and (2) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the
Notes that have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, if an Event of Default specified in clause (6) above shall have occurred and be continuing, such Event of Default and any consequential
acceleration (to the extent not in violation of any applicable law or in conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction) shall be automatically rescinded if (i) the
Indebtedness that is the subject of such Event of Default has been repaid or (ii) if the default relating to such Indebtedness is waived by
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the
holders of such Indebtedness or cured and if such Indebtedness has been accelerated, then the holders thereof have rescinded their declaration of acceleration in respect of such Indebtedness, in
each case within 20 days after the declaration of acceleration with respect thereto.
Subject
to the provisions of the indenture relating to the duties of the Trustee if an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any
of the rights or powers under the indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders unless such holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity or security against any loss,
liability or expense. Except to enforce the right to receive payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest when due, no holder may pursue any remedy with respect to the indenture or the Notes
unless:
(1) such
holder has previously given the Trustee notice that an Event of Default is continuing;
(2) holders
of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Notes have requested the Trustee to pursue the remedy;
(3) such
holders have offered the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against any loss, liability or expense;
(4) the
Trustee has not complied with such request within 60 days after the receipt of the request and the offer of security or indemnity; and
(5) the
Trustee, within such 60-day period, has not received directions inconsistent with such written request by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the
outstanding Notes.
Subject
to certain restrictions, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Notes may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy
available to the Trustee or of exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee. The indenture provides that if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee must, in the
exercise of its rights and powers vested in it by the indenture, use the same degree of care and skill that a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such
person's own affairs. The Trustee, however, may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or the indenture or that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of any
other holder or that may involve the Trustee in personal liability. Prior to taking any action under the indenture, the Trustee will be entitled to indemnification satisfactory to it in its sole
discretion against all losses and expenses caused by taking or not taking such action.
If
a Default occurs and is continuing and is known to the Trustee, the Trustee must mail to each holder notice of the Default within 90 days after the Trustee gains knowledge of
the Default unless the Default is cured before the giving of the notice. Except in the case of a Default in the payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note, the Trustee may
withhold such notice if and so long as a committee of responsible officers of the Trustee in good faith determines that withholding notice is in the interests of the holders. In addition, the Company
is required to deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, a certificate indicating whether the signers thereof know of any Default that occurred during the
previous year. The Company also is required to deliver to the Trustee, within 30 days after the Company has knowledge of the occurrence and continuance of any Default, written notice of such
Default, its status and what action the Company is taking or proposing to take with respect thereto.
Amendments and Waivers
Subject to certain exceptions, the indenture and the Notes may be amended with the consent of the holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the Notes then outstanding (including
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without
limitation, consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer for, Notes) and, subject to certain exceptions, any past default or compliance with any provisions may be waived
with the consent of the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding. However, without the consent of each holder of an outstanding Note affected, no amendment
may, among other things:
(1) reduce
the percentage in principal amount of Notes whose holders must consent to an amendment or waiver;
(2) reduce
the stated rate of or extend the stated time for payment of interest on any Note;
(3) reduce
the principal of or extend the Stated Maturity of any Note;
(4) reduce
the premium payable upon the redemption of any Note or change the time at which any Note may be redeemed (it being understood that this does not apply to
modifications of the covenants described under "Change of Control" or "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Sales of Assets or Subsidiary Stock");
(5) make
any Note payable in money other than that stated in the Note;
(6) waive
a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of, or interest or premium on, the Notes (except a rescission of acceleration of the Notes by the
holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration) or impair the right of any holder
to receive payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such holder's Notes on or after the due dates therefor or to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with
respect to such holder's Notes;
(7) modify
the Subsidiary Guarantees in any manner adverse to the holders of the Notes; or
(8) make
any change to or modify the ranking of the Notes that would adversely affect the holders.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors and the Trustee may, without the consent of any holder, amend the indenture and the Notes to:
(1) cure
any ambiguity, omission, defect, mistake or inconsistency;
(2) provide
for the assumption by a successor of the obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor under the indenture;
(3) provide
for uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of certificated Notes (provided that the uncertificated Notes are issued in registered form for purposes of
Section 163(f) of the Code);
(4) add
Guarantors with respect to the Notes, including Subsidiary Guarantors, or release a Subsidiary Guarantor from its Subsidiary Guarantee and terminate such Subsidiary
Guarantee; provided that the release and termination is in accordance with the applicable provisions of the indenture;
(5) secure
the Notes or Subsidiary Guarantees;
(6) add
to the covenants of the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor for the benefit of the holders or surrender any right or power conferred upon the Company or a Subsidiary
Guarantor;
(7) make
any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder; provided, however, that any change to conform the indenture to this "Description of Notes" will
not be deemed to adversely affect such legal rights;
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(8) comply
with any requirement of the SEC in connection with the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act; or
(9) provide
for the succession of a successor Trustee, provided that the successor Trustee is otherwise qualified and eligible to act as such under the indenture.
The consent of the holders is not necessary under the indenture to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or waiver so long as such
consent
approves the substance of the proposed amendment or waiver. A consent to any amendment or waiver under the indenture by any holder of Notes given in connection with a tender of such holder's Notes
will not be rendered invalid by such tender. After an amendment, supplement or waiver under the indenture requiring the consent of the holders becomes effective, the Company is required to mail to the
holders a notice briefly describing such amendment. Any failure, however, of the Company to mail such notice to all the holders, or any defect in the notice, will not impair or affect the validity of
the amendment, supplement or waiver.
Defeasance
The Company at any time may terminate all its obligations under the Notes and the indenture ("legal defeasance"), except for certain
obligations, including those respecting the defeasance trust and obligations to register the transfer or exchange of the Notes, to replace mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes and to maintain a
registrar and paying agent in respect of the Notes.
The
Company at any time may terminate its obligations described under "Change of Control" and under covenants described under "Certain Covenants" (other than
the obligations described under "Provision of Financial Information" and in clauses (1), (2), (4) and (5) of "Merger and Consolidation"), the operation
of the cross default upon a payment default, cross acceleration provisions, the bankruptcy provisions with respect to Significant Subsidiaries, the judgment default provision, the Subsidiary Guarantee
provision described under "Events of Default" above and the limitations contained in clause (3) under "Certain CovenantsMerger and Consolidation" above
("covenant defeasance").
If
the Company exercises its legal defeasance option, the Subsidiary Guarantees in effect at such time will terminate.
The
Company may exercise its legal defeasance option notwithstanding its prior exercise of its covenant defeasance option. If the Company exercises its legal defeasance option, payment
of the Notes may not be accelerated because of an Event of Default. If the Company exercises its covenant defeasance option, payment of the Notes may not be accelerated because of an Event of Default
specified in clause (4), (5), (6), (7) (with respect only to Significant Subsidiaries), (8) or (9) under "Events of Default" above or because of the failure of
the Company to comply with clause (3) under "Certain CovenantsMerger and Consolidation" above.
In
order to exercise either defeasance option, the Company must, among other things, irrevocably deposit in trust (the "defeasance trust") with the Trustee, specifically pledged as
security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the holders of the Notes, cash in U.S. dollars or U.S. Government Obligations or a combination thereof in such amounts as, in the aggregate, will
be sufficient to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes to redemption or Stated Maturity, as the case may be, and must comply with certain other conditions, including delivery
to the Trustee of an Opinion of Counsel (subject to customary exceptions and exclusions) to the effect that holders of the Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes
as a result of such deposit and defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and
defeasance had not occurred. In the case of legal defeasance only, such Opinion of Counsel must be based on a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service or other change in applicable federal income tax
law.
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Satisfaction and Discharge
The indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further effect as to all Notes issued thereunder, when either:
(1) all
Notes that have been authenticated and delivered (except lost, stolen or destroyed Notes that have been replaced or paid and Notes for whose payment money has
theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust) have been delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation; or
(2) (a)
all Notes that have not been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (i) have become due and payable by reason of the giving of a notice of redemption or
otherwise, (ii) will become due and payable within one year, or (iii) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of
notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, (b) the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited
with the Trustee as trust funds in trust solely for such purpose, cash in U.S. dollars, U.S. Government Obligations, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient to pay and
discharge the entire indebtedness on the Notes not delivered to the Trustee for cancellation for principal and accrued interest to the date of Stated Maturity or redemption, and (c) in each
case certain other requirements set forth in the indenture are satisfied.
No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and Stockholders
No director, Officer, employee, manager, incorporator, member, partner or stockholder of the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor, as such,
shall have any liability for any obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor under the Notes, the indenture or the Subsidiary Guarantees or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by
reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each holder by accepting a Note waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Notes.
Concerning the Trustee
U.S. Bank National Association will be the Trustee under the indenture and has been appointed by the Company as registrar and paying agent with
regard to the Notes. Such bank acts as trustee for the Senior Notes and is a lender under the Senior Secured Credit Agreement.
The
indenture will contain certain limitations on the rights of the Trustee, should it become a creditor of the Company, to obtain payment of claims in certain cases, or to realize on
certain property received in respect of any such claim as security or otherwise. The Trustee will be permitted to engage in other transactions; provided, however, that if it acquires any conflicting
interest (as defined in the Trust Indenture Act) while any Default exists it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, request from the SEC permission to continue as Trustee with such
conflict outstanding or resign as Trustee.
The
Trustee has not reviewed or participated in the preparation of this prospectus supplement and assumes no responsibility for the nature, contents, accuracy, fairness or completeness
of the information set forth in this prospectus supplement or other offering materials.
Governing Law
The indenture provides that it and the Notes will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.
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Book-Entry Delivery and Form
The Notes will initially be issued in registered, global form without interest coupons (the "Global Notes") in minimum denominations of $2,000
and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. Notes will be issued at the closing of this offering only against payment in immediately available funds. The Global Notes will be deposited upon
issuance with the trustee as custodian for DTC, and registered in the name of DTC or its nominee, for credit to an account of a direct or indirect participant in DTC as described below.
Except
as set forth below, the Global Notes may be transferred, in whole and not in part, only to another nominee of DTC or to a successor of DTC or its nominee. Only in the limited
circumstances described below may beneficial interests in the Global Notes be exchanged for definitive Notes in registered certificated form ("Certificated Notes") in minimum denominations of $2,000
and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. See "Exchange of Global Notes for Certificated Notes." The Notes will be issued at the closing of this offering only against payment in
immediately available funds.
Transfers
of beneficial interests in the Global Notes will be subject to the applicable rules and procedures of DTC and its direct or indirect participants (including, if applicable,
those of the Euroclear System ("Euroclear") and Clearstream Banking, S.A. ("Clearstream")), which may change from time to time.
Depository Procedures
The following description of the operations and procedures of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream are provided solely as a matter of convenience.
These operations and procedures are solely within the control of the respective settlement systems and are subject to changes by them. The Issuers take no responsibility for these operations and
procedures and urge investors to contact the system or their participants directly to discuss these matters.
DTC
has advised us that DTC is a limited-purpose trust company created to hold securities for its participating organizations (collectively, the "Participants") and to facilitate the
clearance and settlement of transactions in those securities between Participants through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of its Participants. The Participants include securities brokers and
dealers (including the underwriters), banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. Access to DTC's system is also available to other entities such as banks, brokers,
dealers
and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either directly or indirectly (collectively, the "Indirect Participants"). Persons who are not
Participants may beneficially own securities held by or on behalf of DTC only through the Participants or the Indirect Participants. The ownership interests in, and transfers of ownership interests
in, each security held by or on behalf of DTC are recorded on the records of the Participants and Indirect Participants.
DTC
has also advised us that, pursuant to procedures established by it:
(1) upon
deposit of the Global Notes, DTC will credit the accounts of Participants designated by the underwriters with portions of the principal amount of the Global Notes;
and
(2) ownership
of these interests in the Global Notes will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership of these interests will be effected only through, records maintained by
DTC (with respect to the Participants) or by the Participants and the Indirect Participants (with respect to other owners of beneficial interests in the Global Notes).
Investors
in the Global Notes who are Participants in DTC's system may hold their interests therein directly through DTC. Investors in the Global Notes who are not Participants may hold
their interests therein indirectly through organizations (including Euroclear and Clearstream) which are
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Participants
in such system. Euroclear and Clearstream may hold interests in the Global Notes on behalf of their participants through customers' securities accounts in their respective names on the
books of their depositories, which are Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of Euroclear, and Citibank, N.A., as operator of Clearstream. All interests in a Global Note, including those held
through Euroclear or Clearstream, may be subject to the procedures and requirements of DTC. Those interests held through Euroclear or Clearstream may also be subject to the procedures and requirements
of such systems.
The
laws of some states require that certain Persons take physical delivery in definitive form of securities that they own. Consequently, the ability to transfer beneficial interests in
a Global Note to such Persons will be limited to that extent. Because DTC can act only on behalf of Participants, which in turn act on behalf of Indirect Participants, the ability of a Person having
beneficial interests in a Global Note to pledge such interests to Persons that do not participate in the DTC system, or otherwise take actions in respect of such interests, may be affected by the lack
of a physical certificate evidencing such interests.
Except as described below, owners of beneficial interests in the Global Notes will not have Notes registered in their names, will not receive physical delivery
of Certificated Notes and will not be considered the registered owners or "Holders" thereof under the indenture for any purpose.
Payments
in respect of the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, a Global Note registered in the name of DTC or its nominee will be payable to DTC in its capacity as the
Holder under the indenture. Under the terms of the indenture, the Company, the Guarantors and the trustee will treat the Persons in whose names the Notes, including the Global Notes, are registered as
the owners of the Notes for the purpose of receiving payments and for all other purposes. Consequently, neither the Company, the Guarantors, the trustee nor any agent of the Company or the trustee has
or will have any responsibility or liability for:
(1) any
aspect of DTC's records or any Participant's or Indirect Participant's records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the
Global Notes or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any of DTC's records or any Participant's or Indirect Participant's records relating to the beneficial ownership interests in the Global
Notes; or
(2) any
other matter relating to the actions and practices of DTC or any of its Participants or Indirect Participants.
DTC
has advised us that its current practice, at the due date of any payment in respect of securities such as the Notes, is to credit the accounts of the relevant Participants with the
payment on the payment date unless DTC has reason to believe it will not receive payment on such payment date. Each relevant Participant is credited with an amount proportionate to its beneficial
ownership of an interest in the principal amount of the Notes as shown on the records of DTC. Payments by the Participants and the Indirect Participants to the beneficial owners of Notes will be
governed by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the responsibility of the Participants or the Indirect Participants and will not be the responsibility of DTC, the trustee or us.
Neither we nor the trustee will be liable for any delay by DTC or any of its Participants in identifying the beneficial owners of the Notes, and we and the trustee may conclusively rely on and will be
protected in relying on instructions from DTC or its nominee for all purposes.
Transfers
between Participants in DTC will be effected in accordance with DTC's procedures, and will be settled in same-day funds, and transfers between participants in Euroclear and
Clearstream will be effected in accordance with their respective rules and operating procedures.
Subject
to compliance with the transfer restrictions applicable to the Notes described herein, cross-market transfers between the Participants in DTC, on the one hand, and Euroclear or
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Clearstream
participants, on the other hand, will be effected through DTC in accordance with DTC's rules on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by its depository; however, such
cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by the counterparty in such system in accordance with the rules and procedures and
within the established deadlines (Brussels time) of such system. Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its
respective depository to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving interests in the relevant Global Note in DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance
with normal procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Euroclear participants and Clearstream participants may not deliver instructions directly to the depositories for Euroclear or
Clearstream.
DTC
has advised us that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a Holder of Notes only at the direction of one or more Participants to whose account DTC has credited the
interests in the Global Notes and only in respect of such portion of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes as to which such Participant or Participants has or have given such direction. However,
if there is an Event of Default under the Notes, DTC reserves the right to exchange the Global Notes for Certificated Notes, and to distribute such Notes to its Participants.
Although
DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream have agreed to the foregoing procedures to facilitate transfers of interests in Global Notes among participants in DTC, Euroclear and
Clearstream, they are under no obligation to perform or to continue to perform such procedures, and may discontinue such procedures at any time. Neither we, the trustee or any of our or their agents
will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or their respective participants or indirect participants of their respective obligations under the rules and
procedures governing their operations.
Exchange of Global Notes for Certificated Notes
A Global Note is exchangeable for Certificated Notes in minimum denominations of $2,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of
$2,000, if:
(1) DTC
(a) notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary for the Global Note or (b) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered
under the Exchange Act and in either event we fail to appoint a successor depositary within 90 days;
(2) we,
at our option but subject to DTC's requirements, notify the trustee in writing that we elect to cause the issuance of the Certificated Notes; or
(3) there
has occurred and is continuing an Event of Default and DTC notifies the trustee of its decision to exchange the Global Note for Certificated Notes.
Beneficial
interests in a Global Note may also be exchanged for Certificated Notes in the other limited circumstances permitted by the indenture, including if an affiliate of ours
acquires such interests. In all cases, Certificated Notes delivered in exchange for any Global Note or beneficial interests in Global Notes will be registered in the names, and issued in any approved
denominations, requested by or on behalf of the depositary (in accordance with its customary procedures).
Exchange of Certificated Notes for Global Notes
Certificated Notes may not be exchanged for beneficial interests in any Global Note, except in the limited circumstances provided in the
indenture.
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Same-Day Settlement and Payment
We will make payments in respect of the Notes represented by the Global Notes (including principal, premium, if any, and interest) by wire
transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Global Note Holder. We will make all payments of principal, interest and premium, if any, with respect to Certificated Notes by
wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Holders of the Certificated Notes or, if no such account is specified, by mailing a check to each such Holder's registered
address. The Notes represented by the Global Notes are eligible to trade in DTC's Same-Day Funds Settlement System, and any permitted secondary market trading activity in such Notes will, therefore,
be required by DTC to be settled in immediately
available funds. We expect that secondary trading in any Certificated Notes will also be settled in immediately available funds.
Because
of time zone differences, the securities account of a Euroclear or Clearstream participant purchasing an interest in a Global Note from a Participant in DTC will be credited,
and any such crediting will be reported to the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream participant, during the securities settlement processing day (which must be a business day for Euroclear and
Clearstream) immediately following the settlement date of DTC. DTC has advised us that cash received in Euroclear or Clearstream as a result of sales of interests in a Global Note by or through a
Euroclear or Clearstream participant to a Participant in DTC will be received with value on the settlement date of DTC but will be available in the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream cash account only
as of the business day for Euroclear or Clearstream following DTC's settlement date.
Certain Definitions
"
Acquired Indebtedness
" means Indebtedness (i) of a Person or any of its Subsidiaries
existing at the time such Person becomes or is merged with and into a Restricted Subsidiary or (ii) assumed in connection with the acquisition of assets from such Person, in each case whether
or not Incurred by such Person in connection with, or in anticipation or contemplation of, such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary or such acquisition. Acquired Indebtedness shall be deemed to
have been Incurred, with respect to clause (i) of the preceding sentence, on the date such Person becomes or is merged with and into a Restricted Subsidiary and, with respect to
clause (ii) of the preceding sentence, on the date of consummation of such acquisition of assets.
"
Additional Assets
" means:
(1) any
properties or assets to be used by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in the Oil and Gas Business;
(2) the
Capital Stock of a Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of the acquisition of such Capital Stock by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary; or
(3) Capital
Stock constituting a minority interest in any Person that at such time is a Restricted Subsidiary;
provided,
however, that, in the case of clauses (2) and (3), such Restricted Subsidiary is primarily engaged in the Oil and Gas Business.
"
Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets
" of the Company means (without duplication), as of the date of determination, the remainder
of:
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report
prepared as of the end of the Company's most recently completed fiscal year for which audited financial statements are available, as increased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated
discounted future net revenues from:
(A) estimated
proved oil and gas reserves acquired since such year end, which reserves were not reflected in such year end reserve report, and
(B) estimated
oil and gas reserves attributable to extensions, discoveries and other additions and upward revisions of estimates of proved oil and gas reserves since such
year end due to exploration, development or exploitation, production or other activities, which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions (including the impact to
proved reserves and future net revenues from estimated development costs incurred and the accretion of discount since such year end),
and
decreased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenues from:
(C) estimated
proved oil and gas reserves produced or disposed of since such year end, and
(D) estimated
oil and gas reserves attributable to downward revisions of estimates of proved oil and gas reserves since such year end due to changes in geological
conditions or other factors which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions, in each case calculated on a pre-tax basis and in accordance with SEC guidelines,
in
the case of clauses (A) through (D) utilizing prices and costs calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines as of such year end; provided, however, that in the case of each of the
determinations made pursuant to clauses (A) through (D), such increases and decreases shall be as estimated by the Company's petroleum engineers;
(ii) the
capitalized costs that are attributable to Oil and Gas Properties of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to which no proved oil and gas reserves are
attributable, based on the Company's books and records as of a date no earlier than the date of the Company's latest available annual or quarterly financial statements;
(iii) the
Net Working Capital of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a date no earlier than the date of the Company's latest annual or quarterly financial
statements; and
(iv) the
greater of:
(A) the
net book value of other tangible assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, as of a date no earlier than the date of the Company's latest annual or
quarterly financial statements, and
(B) the
appraised value, as estimated by independent appraisers, of other tangible assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, as of a date no earlier than the
date of the Company's latest audited financial statements; provided, that, if no such appraisal has been performed the Company shall not be required to obtain such an appraisal and only
clause (iv)(A) of this definition shall apply;
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minus
(b) the
sum of:
(i) Minority
Interests;
(ii) any
net gas balancing liabilities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in the Company's latest annual or quarterly balance sheet (to the extent not
deducted in calculating Net Working Capital of the Company in accordance with clause (a)(iii) above of this definition);
(iii) to
the extent included in (a)(i) above, the discounted future net revenues, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing prices and costs calculated in
accordance with SEC guidelines as of such year end), attributable to reserves which are required to be delivered to third parties to fully satisfy the obligations of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries with respect to Volumetric Production Payments (determined, if applicable, using the schedules specified with respect thereto), other than any such obligation under the Existing Net
Profits Plan; and
(iv) to
the extent included in (a)(i) above, the discounted future net revenues, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines, attributable to reserves subject to
Dollar-Denominated Production Payments (other than under the Existing Net Profits Plan) which, based on the estimates of production and price assumptions included in determining the discounted future
net revenues specified in (a)(i) above, would be necessary to fully satisfy the payment obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to such Dollar-Denominated Production Payments
(determined, if applicable, using the schedules specified with respect thereto).
If
the Company changes its method of accounting from the successful efforts method of accounting to the full cost or a similar method, "Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets" will
continue to be calculated as if the Company were still using the successful efforts method of accounting.
"
Affiliate
" of any specified Person means any other Person, directly or indirectly, controlling or controlled by or under direct or
indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, "control" when used with respect to any Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such
Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
"
Asset Disposition
" means any direct or indirect sale, lease (including by means of Production Payments and Reserve Sales and a
Sale/Leaseback Transaction) (other than an operating lease entered into in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business), transfer, issuance or other disposition, or a series of related sales,
leases, transfers, issuances or dispositions that are part of a common plan, of (A) shares of Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary (other than Preferred Stock of Restricted Subsidiaries
issued in
compliance with the covenant described under the heading "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock," and directors' qualifying shares or shares
required by applicable law to be held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary), (B) all or substantially all the assets of any division or line of business of the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary (excluding any division or line of business the assets of which are owned by an Unrestricted Subsidiary) or (C) any other assets of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary outside the ordinary course of business of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (each referred to for the purposes of this definition as a "disposition"), in each case by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including any disposition by means of a merger, consolidation or similar transaction.
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Notwithstanding
the preceding, the following items shall not be deemed to be Asset Dispositions:
(1) a
disposition by a Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to a Restricted Subsidiary;
(2) a
disposition of cash, Cash Equivalents or other financial assets in the ordinary course of business;
(3) a
disposition of Hydrocarbons or mineral products inventory in the ordinary course of business;
(4) a
disposition of damaged, unserviceable, obsolete or worn out equipment or equipment that is no longer necessary for the proper conduct of the business of the Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries and that is disposed of in each case in the ordinary course of business;
(5) transactions
in accordance with the covenant described under "Certain CovenantsMerger and Consolidation";
(6) an
issuance of Capital Stock by a Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or to a Restricted Subsidiary;
(7) the
making of a Permitted Investment or a Restricted Payment (or a disposition that would constitute a Restricted Payment but for the exclusions from the definition
thereof) permitted by the covenant described under "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Restricted Payments";
(8) an
Asset Swap;
(9) dispositions
of assets with a Fair Market Value of less than $10.0 million in any single transaction or series of related transactions;
(10) Permitted
Liens and dispositions in connection therewith or as a result thereof;
(11) dispositions
of receivables in connection with the compromise, settlement or collection thereof in the ordinary course of business or in bankruptcy or similar
proceedings and exclusive of factoring or similar arrangements;
(12) the
licensing or sublicensing of intellectual property (including, without limitation, the licensing of seismic data) or other general intangibles and licenses, leases
or subleases of other property in the ordinary course of business which do not materially interfere with the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;
(13) foreclosure
on assets;
(14) any
Production Payments and Reserve Sales; provided that any such Production Payments and Reserve Sales, other than incentive compensation programs on terms that are
reasonably customary in the Oil and Gas Business for geologists, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, shall have been created, Incurred,
issued, assumed or Guaranteed in connection with the financing of, and within 60 days after the acquisition of, the property that is subject thereto;
(15) surrender
or waiver of contract rights, oil and gas leases, or the settlement, release or surrender of contract, tort or other claims of any kind;
(16) the
abandonment, farm-out, lease or sublease or other disposition of developed or undeveloped Oil and Gas Properties in the ordinary course of business, including
pursuant to any agreement or arrangement described in the definition of Permitted Business Investment; and
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"
Asset Swap
" means any substantially contemporaneous (and in any event occurring within 180 days
of each
other) purchase and sale or exchange of any oil or natural gas properties or assets or interests therein between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and another Person; provided, that
any cash received must be applied in accordance with "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock" as if the Asset Swap were an Asset Disposition.
"
Average Life
" means, as of the date of determination, with respect to any Indebtedness or Preferred Stock, the quotient obtained by
dividing (1) the sum of the products of the numbers of years from the date of determination to the dates of each successive scheduled principal payment of such Indebtedness or redemption or
similar payment with respect to such Preferred Stock multiplied by the amount of such payment by (2) the sum of all such payments.
"
Beneficial Owner
" has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that
in calculating the beneficial ownership of any particular "person" (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), such "person" will be deemed to have beneficial ownership of
all securities that such "person" has the right to acquire by conversion or exercise of other securities, whether such right is currently exercisable or is exercisable only after the passage of time.
The terms "Beneficially Owns" and "Beneficially Owned" have a corresponding meaning.
"
Board of Directors
" means, as to any Person that is a corporation, the board of directors of such Person or any duly authorized
committee thereof or as to any Person that is not a corporation, the board of managers or such other individual or group serving a similar function.
"
Borrowing Base
" means, with respect to borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Agreement and any amendment to and/or modification or
replacement of the foregoing in the form of a reserve-based borrowing base credit facility, in each case with lenders that include commercial banks regulated by the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of
the Currency, the maximum amount determined or re-determined by the lenders thereunder as the aggregate lending value to be ascribed to the Oil and Gas Properties and other assets of the Company and
its Restricted Subsidiaries against which such lenders are prepared to provide loans, letters of credit or other Indebtedness to the credit parties, using customary practices and standards for
determining reserve-based borrowing base loans and which are generally applied to borrowers in the Oil and Gas Business by commercial lenders, as determined semi-annually during each year and/or on
such other occasions as may be required or provided for therein.
"
Business Day
" means each day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banking institutions in New York, New York
are authorized or required by law to close.
"
Capital Stock
" of any Person means any and all shares, units, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other
equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, including any Preferred Stock, but excluding any debt securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, such equity.
"
Capitalized Lease Obligations
" means an obligation that is required to be classified and accounted for as a capitalized lease for
financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP, and the amount of Indebtedness represented by such obligation will be the capitalized amount of such obligation at the time any determination
thereof is to be made as determined in accordance with GAAP, and the Stated Maturity thereof will be the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first
date such lease may be terminated without penalty.
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"
Cash Equivalents
" means:
(1) securities
issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States Government or any agency or instrumentality of the United States (provided that the
full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support thereof), having maturities of not more than one year from the date of acquisition;
(2) marketable
general obligations issued by any state of the United States of America or any political subdivision of any such state or any public instrumentality thereof
maturing within one year from the date of acquisition and, at the time of acquisition, having a credit rating of "A" (or the equivalent thereof) or better from either S&P or Moody's;
(3) certificates
of deposit, time deposits, eurodollar time deposits, overnight bank deposits or bankers' acceptances having maturities of not more than one year from the
date of acquisition thereof issued by any commercial bank the short-term deposit of which is rated at the time of acquisition thereof at least "A2" or the equivalent thereof by S&P, or "P-2" or the
equivalent thereof by Moody's, and having combined capital and surplus in excess of $100.0 million;
(4) repurchase
obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (1), (2) and (3) entered
into with any bank meeting the qualifications specified in clause (3) above;
(5) commercial
paper rated at the time of acquisition thereof at least "A-2" or the equivalent thereof by S&P or "P-2" or the equivalent thereof by Moody's, or carrying an
equivalent rating by a nationally recognized rating agency, if both of the two named Rating Agencies cease publishing ratings of investments, and in any case maturing within one year after the date of
acquisition thereof; and
(6) interests
in any investment company or money market fund which invests 95% or more of its assets in instruments of the type specified in clauses (1) through
(5) above.
"
Change of Control
" means:
(1) any
"person" or "group" of related persons (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), is or becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly
or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of the Company (or its successor by merger, consolidation or purchase of all or substantially all of its assets) other
than as a result of any merger or consolidation in which the holders of the Voting Stock of the Company immediately prior to such transaction will, immediately after such transaction, hold or own
Voting Stock of the surviving or successor entity or any parent thereof representing a majority of the voting power of the Voting Stock of such entity (for the purposes of this clause (1), such
person or group shall be deemed to Beneficially Own any Voting Stock of the Company held by a parent entity, if such person or group Beneficially Owns, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the
total voting power of the Voting Stock of such parent entity);
(2) the
sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole to any "person" (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act); or
(3) the
adoption by the stockholders of the Company of a plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
"
Change of Control Triggering Event
" means the occurrence of a Change of Control that is accompanied or followed by a downgrade by one or
more gradations (including gradations within
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ratings
categories as well as between ratings categories) or withdrawal of the rating of the Notes within the Ratings Decline Period by either of the Rating Agencies, as a result of which the rating
of the Notes by such Rating Agency on any day during such Ratings Decline Period is below the rating by such Rating Agency in effect immediately preceding the first public announcement of the Change
of Control (or occurrence thereof if such Change of Control occurs prior to public announcement).
"
Code
" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
"
Commodity Agreements
" means, in respect of any Person, any forward contract, commodity swap agreement, commodity option agreement or
other similar agreement or arrangement in respect of Hydrocarbons used, produced, processed or sold by such Person that are customary in the Oil and Gas Business and designed to protect such Person
against fluctuation in Hydrocarbon prices.
"
Common Stock
" means, with respect to any Person, any and all shares, interests or other participations in, and other equivalents
(however designated and whether voting or nonvoting) of such Person's common stock whether or not outstanding on the Issue Date, and includes, without limitation, all series and classes of such common
stock.
"
Consolidated Coverage Ratio
" means as of any date of determination, the ratio of (x) the aggregate amount of Consolidated EBITDAX
of such Person for the period of the most recent four consecutive fiscal quarters ending prior to the date of such determination for which financial statements are in existence to
(y) Consolidated Interest Expense for such four fiscal quarters, provided, however, that:
(1) if
the transaction giving rise to the need to calculate the Consolidated Coverage Ratio is an Incurrence of Indebtedness, Consolidated EBITDAX and Consolidated Interest
Expense for such period will be calculated after giving effect on a pro forma basis to such Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof as if such Indebtedness had been Incurred on the first day of
such period and such proceeds had been applied as of such date;
(2) if
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary has Incurred, repaid, repurchased, defeased or otherwise discharged any Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness described in
clause (1) above) since the beginning of the period, Consolidated EBITDAX and Consolidated Interest Expense for such period will be calculated after giving effect on a pro forma basis to such
Incurrence, repayment, repurchase, defeasement or other discharge of Indebtedness as if such Incurrence, repayment, repurchase, defeasement or other discharge had occurred on the first day of such
period (except that, in making such computation, the amount of Indebtedness under any revolving Credit Facility shall be computed based upon the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during such
period);
(3) if,
since the beginning of such period, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary has made any Asset Disposition or if the transaction giving rise to the need to
calculate the Consolidated Coverage Ratio is such an Asset Disposition, the Consolidated EBITDAX for such period will be reduced by an amount equal to the Consolidated EBITDAX (if positive) directly
attributable to the assets which are the subject of such Asset Disposition for such period or increased by an amount equal to the Consolidated EBITDAX (if negative) directly attributable thereto for
such period and Consolidated Interest Expense for such period shall be reduced by an amount equal to the Consolidated Interest Expense directly attributable to any Indebtedness of the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary repaid, repurchased, defeased or otherwise discharged with respect to the Company and its continuing Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with or with the proceeds from such
Asset Disposition for such period (or, if the Capital Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary is sold, the Consolidated Interest Expense for such period directly attributable to the Indebtedness of such
Restricted Subsidiary to the extent the
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Company
and its continuing Restricted Subsidiaries are no longer liable for such Indebtedness after such sale);
(4) if,
since the beginning of such period, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (by merger or otherwise) has made an Investment in any Restricted Subsidiary (or any
Person which becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged with or into the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary) or an acquisition (or will have received a contribution) of assets, including any
acquisition or contribution of assets occurring in connection with a transaction causing a calculation to be made under the indenture, which constitutes all or substantially all of a company,
division, operating unit, segment, business, group of related assets or line of business, Consolidated EBITDAX and Consolidated Interest Expense for such period will be calculated after giving pro
forma effect thereto (including the Incurrence of any Indebtedness) as if such Investment or acquisition or contribution had occurred on the first day of such period; and
(5) if,
since the beginning of such period, any Person (that subsequently became a Restricted Subsidiary or was merged with or into the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary
since the beginning of such period) made any Asset Disposition or any Investment or acquisition of assets that would have required an adjustment pursuant to clause (3) or (4) above if
made by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary during such period, Consolidated EBITDAX and Consolidated Interest Expense for such period will be calculated after giving pro forma effect thereto as if
such Asset Disposition or Investment or acquisition of assets had occurred on the first day of such period.
For
purposes of this definition, whenever pro forma effect is to be given to any calculation under this definition, the pro forma calculations will be determined in good faith by a
responsible financial or accounting officer of the Company; provided that such officer may in his or her discretion include any reasonably identifiable and factually supportable pro forma changes to
Consolidated EBITDAX, including any pro forma expenses and cost reductions, that have occurred or in the judgment of such officer are reasonably expected to occur within 12 months of the date
of the applicable transaction (regardless of whether such expense or cost reduction or any other operating improvements could then be reflected properly in pro forma financial statements prepared in
accordance with Regulation S-X under the Securities Act or any other regulation or policy of the SEC). If any Indebtedness bears a floating rate of interest and is being given pro forma effect,
the interest expense on such Indebtedness will be calculated as if the average rate in effect from the beginning of such period to the date of determination had been the applicable rate for the entire
period (taking into account any Interest Rate Agreement applicable to such Indebtedness, but if the remaining term of such Interest Rate Agreement is less than 12 months, then such Interest
Rate Agreement shall only be taken into account for that portion of the period equal to the remaining term thereof). If any Indebtedness that is being given pro forma effect bears an interest rate at
the option of the Company, the interest rate shall be calculated by applying such optional rate chosen by the Company. Interest on Indebtedness that may optionally be
determined at an interest rate based upon a factor of a prime or similar rate, a eurocurrency interbank offered rate, or other rate, shall be deemed to have been based upon the rate actually chosen,
or, if none, then based upon such optional rate chosen as the Company may designate.
"
Consolidated EBITDAX
" for any period means, without duplication, the Consolidated Net Income for such period, plus the following,
without duplication and to the extent deducted (and not added back) in calculating such Consolidated Net Income:
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(3) consolidated
depletion and depreciation expense of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;
(4) consolidated
amortization expense or asset impairment charges of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;
(5) other
non-cash charges of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (excluding any such non-cash charge to the extent it represents an accrual of or reserve for cash
charges in any future period or amortization of a prepaid cash expense that was paid in a prior period not included in the calculation); and
(6) consolidated
exploration and abandonment expense of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries,
if
applicable for such period; and less, to the extent included in calculating such Consolidated Net Income and in excess of any costs or expenses attributable thereto that were deducted (and not
added back) in calculating such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of (x) the amount of deferred revenues that are amortized during such period and are attributable to reserves that are subject
to Volumetric Production Payments, (y) amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments and (z) other
non-cash gains (excluding
any non-cash gain to the extent it represents the reversal of an accrual or reserve for a potential cash item that reduced Consolidated EBITDAX in any prior period).
"
Consolidated Income Tax Expense
" means, with respect to any period, the provision for federal, state, local and foreign income taxes
(including state franchise taxes accounted for as income taxes in accordance with GAAP) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period as determined in accordance with GAAP.
"
Consolidated Interest Expense
" means, for any period, the total consolidated interest expense (less interest income) of the Company and
its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether paid or accrued, plus, to the extent not included in such interest expense and without duplication:
(1) interest
expense attributable to Capitalized Lease Obligations;
(2) amortization
of debt discount and debt issuance cost (provided that any amortization of bond premium will be credited to reduce Consolidated Interest Expense unless,
pursuant to GAAP, such amortization of bond premium has otherwise reduced Consolidated Interest Expense);
(3) non-cash
interest expense (to the extent deducted in the calculation of Consolidated Net Income);
(4) commissions,
discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters of credit and bankers' acceptance financing;
(5) the
interest expense on Indebtedness of another Person that is Guaranteed by the Company or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries or secured by a Lien on assets of the
Company or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether or not such Guarantee or Lien is called upon;
(6) cash
costs associated with Interest Rate Agreements (including amortization of fees); provided, however, that if Interest Rate Agreements result in net cash benefits
rather than costs, such benefits shall be credited to reduce Consolidated Interest Expense unless, pursuant to GAAP, such net benefits are otherwise reflected in Consolidated Net Income;
(7) the
consolidated interest expense of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries that was capitalized during such period; and
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(8) all
dividends paid or payable in cash, Cash Equivalents or Indebtedness or accrued during such period on any series of Disqualified Stock of the Company or on Preferred
Stock of its Restricted Subsidiaries payable to a party other than the Company or a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary,
minus,
to the extent included above, any interest attributable to Dollar- Denominated Production Payments.
For
the purpose of calculating the Consolidated Coverage Ratio in connection with the Incurrence of any Indebtedness described in clause (4) of the definition of "Indebtedness,"
the calculation of Consolidated Interest Expense shall include all interest expense (including any amounts described in clauses (1) through (8) above) relating to any Indebtedness of the
Company or any Restricted Subsidiary described in clause (4) of the definition of "Indebtedness."
"
Consolidated Net Income
" means, for any period, the aggregate net income (loss) of the Company and its consolidated Restricted
Subsidiaries determined in accordance with GAAP and before any reduction in respect of Preferred Stock dividends of such Person; provided, however, that there will not be included (to the extent
otherwise included therein) in such Consolidated Net Income:
(1) any
net income (loss) of any Person (other than the Company) if such Person is not a Restricted Subsidiary, except that:
(a) subject
to the limitations contained in clauses (3) and (4) below, the Company's equity in the net income of any such Person for such period will be
included in such Consolidated Net Income up to the aggregate amount of cash actually distributed by such Person during such period to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary as a dividend or other
distribution (subject, in the case of a dividend or other distribution to a Restricted Subsidiary, to the limitations contained in clause (2) below); and
(b) the
Company's equity in a net loss of any such Person for such period will be included in determining such Consolidated Net Income to the extent such loss has been
funded with cash from the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary during such period;
(2) any
net income (but not loss) of any Restricted Subsidiary (other than a Subsidiary Guarantor) if such Subsidiary is subject to restrictions, directly or indirectly, on
the payment of dividends or the making of distributions by such Restricted Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, to the Company, except that:
(a) subject
to the limitations contained in clauses (3), (4) and (5) below, the Company's equity in the net income of any such Restricted Subsidiary
for such period will be included in such Consolidated Net Income up to the aggregate amount of cash that could have been distributed by such Restricted Subsidiary during such period to the Company or
another Restricted Subsidiary as a dividend or other distribution (subject, in the case of a dividend or other distribution paid to another Restricted Subsidiary, to the limitation contained in this
clause); and
(b) the
Company's equity in a net loss of any such Restricted Subsidiary for such period will be included in determining such Consolidated Net Income;
(3) any
gain or loss realized upon the sale or other disposition of any property, plant or equipment of the Company or its consolidated Subsidiaries (including pursuant to
any Sale/Leaseback Transaction) which is not sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business and any gain or loss realized upon the sale or other disposition of any Capital Stock of
any Person;
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(4) any
extraordinary or nonrecurring gains or losses, together with any related provision for taxes on such gains or losses and all related fees and expenses;
(5) the
cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles;
(6) any
"ceiling limitation" or other asset impairment write-downs on Oil and Gas Properties under GAAP or SEC guidelines;
(7) any
unrealized non-cash gains or losses or charges in respect of Hedging Obligations or obligations under the Existing Net Profits Plan;
(8) income
or loss attributable to discontinued operations (including, without limitation, operations disposed of during such period whether or not such operations were
classified as discontinued);
(9) all
deferred financing costs written off, and premiums paid, in connection with any early extinguishment of Indebtedness;
(10) non-cash
interest expense attributable to the equity component of debt that is convertible into Capital Stock of the Company, including under ASC Topic 470; and
(11) any
non-cash compensation charge arising from any grant of stock, stock options or other equity based awards.
"
Credit Facility
" means, with respect to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, one or more debt facilities (including, without
limitation, the Senior Secured Credit Agreement), indentures or commercial paper facilities providing for revolving credit loans, term loans, receivables financing (including through the sale of
receivables to such lenders or to special purpose entities formed to borrow from such lenders against such receivables) or letters of credit, in each case, as amended, restated, modified, renewed,
refunded, replaced or refinanced in whole or in part from time to time (and whether or not with the original administrative agent and lenders or another administrative agent or agents or other lenders
and whether provided under the original Senior Secured Credit Agreement or any other credit or other agreement or indenture).
"
Currency Agreement
" means in respect of a Person any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement, futures contract, option
contract or other similar agreement as to which such Person is a party or a beneficiary.
"
Default
" means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.
"
Disqualified Stock
" means, with respect to any Person, any Capital Stock of such Person which by its terms (or by the terms of any
security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable) at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock or upon the happening of any event:
(1) matures
or is mandatorily redeemable (other than redeemable only for Capital Stock of such Person which is not itself Disqualified Stock) pursuant to a sinking fund
obligation or otherwise;
(2) is
convertible or exchangeable for Disqualified Stock or other Indebtedness (excluding Capital Stock which is convertible or exchangeable solely at the option of the
Company or a Restricted Subsidiary); or
(3) is
redeemable at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock in whole or in part (other than, including at the issuer's election, solely in exchange for Capital Stock
which is not Disqualified Stock),
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in
each case on or prior to the date that is 91 days after the earlier of the date (a) of the Stated Maturity of the Notes or (b) on which there are no Notes outstanding; provided
that only the portion of Capital Stock which so matures or is mandatorily redeemable, is so convertible or exchangeable or is so redeemable at the option of the holder thereof prior to such date will
be deemed to be Disqualified Stock; provided further, that any Capital Stock that would constitute Disqualified Stock solely because the holders thereof have the right to require the Company to
repurchase such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of a change of control or asset sale (each defined in a substantially similar manner to the corresponding definitions in the indenture) shall not
constitute Disqualified Stock if the terms of such Capital Stock (and all such securities into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable) provide that (i) the Company may not
repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock (and all such securities into which it is convertible or for which it is ratable or exchangeable) pursuant to such provision prior to compliance by the
Company with the provisions of the indenture described under the captions "Change of Control" and "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary
Stock" and (ii) such repurchase or redemption will be permitted solely to the extent also permitted in accordance with the provisions of the indenture described under the caption
"Certain CovenantsLimitation on Restricted Payments."
"
Dollar-Denominated Production Payments
" means production payment obligations recorded as liabilities in accordance with GAAP, together
with all undertakings and obligations in connection therewith.
"
Equity Interests
" means Capital Stock and all warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but excluding any debt
security that is convertible into, or exchangeable for, Capital Stock).
"
Equity Offering
" means a public or private offering for cash by the Company of Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock), other than
public offerings registered on Form S-8.
"
Exchange Act
" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.
"
Existing Net Profits Plan
" means the Company's legacy Net Profits Interest Bonus Plan in existence as of the Issue Date.
"
Fair Market Value
" means, with respect to any asset or property, the sale value that would be obtained in an arm's-length free market
transaction between an informed and willing seller under no compulsion to sell and an informed and willing buyer under no compulsion to buy. Fair Market Value of an asset or property equal to or in
excess of $100.0 million shall be determined by the Board of Directors of the Company acting in good faith, whose determination shall be conclusive and evidenced by a resolution of such Board
of Directors delivered to the Trustee, and any lesser Fair Market Value may be determined by an officer of the Company acting in good faith.
"
GAAP
" means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America as in effect from time to time. All ratios and
computations based on GAAP contained in the indenture will be computed in conformity with GAAP.
"
Guarantee
" means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of any Person directly or indirectly guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any
other Person and any obligation, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of such Person:
(1) to
purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness of such other Person (whether arising by virtue of partnership
arrangements, or by agreement to keep-well, to purchase assets, goods, securities or services, to take-or-pay, or to maintain financial statement conditions or otherwise); or
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provided,
however, that the term "Guarantee" will not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business or any obligation to the extent it is payable only in Capital
Stock of
the Guarantor that is not Disqualified Stock. The term "Guarantee" used as a verb has a corresponding meaning.
"
Guarantor Subordinated Obligation
" means, with respect to a Subsidiary Guarantor, any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary Guarantor (whether
outstanding on the Issue Date or thereafter Incurred) which is expressly subordinate in right of payment to the obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee pursuant to a
written agreement.
"
Hedging Obligations
" of any Person means the obligations of such Person pursuant to any Interest Rate Agreement, Currency Agreement or
Commodity Agreement.
"
holder
" means a Person in whose name a Note is registered on the registrar's books.
"
Hydrocarbons
" means oil, natural gas, casing head gas, drip gasoline, natural gasoline, condensate, distillate, liquid hydrocarbons,
gaseous hydrocarbons and all constituents, elements or compounds thereof and products refined or processed therefrom.
"
Incur
" means issue, create, assume, Guarantee, incur or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable for, contingently or otherwise;
provided, however, that any Indebtedness or Capital Stock of a Person existing at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (whether by merger, consolidation, acquisition or otherwise) will
be deemed to be Incurred by such Restricted Subsidiary at the time it becomes a Restricted Subsidiary; and the terms "Incurred" and "Incurrence" have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
"
Indebtedness
" means,
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(e) Capitalized
Lease Obligations of such Person to the extent such Capitalized Lease Obligations would appear as liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet of such
Person in accordance with GAAP;
(f) the
principal component or liquidation preference of all obligations of such Person with respect to the redemption, repayment or other repurchase of any Disqualified
Stock or, with respect to any Subsidiary that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor, any Preferred Stock (but excluding, in each case, any accrued dividends);
(g) the
principal component of all Indebtedness of other Persons secured by a Lien on any asset of such Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by such Person;
provided, however, that the amount of such Indebtedness will be the lesser of (i) the Fair Market Value of such asset at such date of determination and (ii) the amount of such
Indebtedness of such other Persons;
(h) the
principal component of Indebtedness of other Persons to the extent Guaranteed by such Person; and
(i) to
the extent not otherwise included in this definition, net obligations of such Person under Commodity Agreements, Currency Agreements and Interest Rate Agreements
(the amount of any such obligations to be equal at any time to the termination value of such agreement or arrangement giving rise to such obligation that would be payable by such Person at such time);
provided, however, that any indebtedness which has been defeased in accordance with GAAP or defeased pursuant to the deposit of cash or Cash Equivalents (in an amount
sufficient to satisfy all such indebtedness obligations at maturity or redemption, as applicable, and all payments of interest and premium, if any) in a trust or account created or pledged for the
sole benefit of the holders of such indebtedness, and subject to no other Liens, shall not constitute "Indebtedness."
(2) The
amount of Indebtedness of any Person at any date will be the outstanding balance at such date of all unconditional obligations as described above and the maximum
liability, upon the occurrence of the contingency giving rise to the obligation, of any contingent obligations at such date.
(3) Notwithstanding
the preceding, "Indebtedness" shall not include:
(a) Production
Payments and Reserve Sales;
(b) any
obligation of a Person in respect of a farm-in agreement or similar arrangement whereby such Person agrees to pay all or a share of the drilling, completion or
other expenses of an exploratory or development well (which agreement may be subject to a maximum payment obligation, after which expenses are shared in accordance with the working or participation
interest therein or in accordance with the agreement of the parties) or perform the drilling, completion or other operation on such well in exchange for an ownership interest in an oil or gas
property;
(c) any
obligations under Currency Agreements, Commodity Agreements and Interest Rate Agreements; provided that such Agreements are entered into for bona fide hedging
purposes of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors or senior management of the Company, whether or not accounted for as a hedge in accordance
with GAAP) and, in the case of Currency Agreements or Commodity Agreements, such Currency Agreements or Commodity Agreements are related to business transactions of the Company or its Restricted
Subsidiaries entered into in the ordinary course of business and, in the case of Interest Rate Agreements, such Interest Rate Agreements substantially correspond
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"
Interest Rate Agreement
" means with respect to any Person any interest rate protection agreement, interest rate future agreement,
interest rate option agreement, interest rate swap agreement, interest rate cap agreement, interest rate collar agreement, interest rate hedge agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement as to
which such Person is party or a beneficiary.
"
Investment
" means, with respect to any Person, all investments by such Person in other Persons (including Affiliates) in the form of any
direct or indirect advance, loan or other extensions of credit (including by way of Guarantee or similar arrangement, but excluding any debt or extension of credit represented by a bank deposit other
than a time deposit and advances or extensions of credit to customers in the ordinary course of business) or capital contribution to (by means of any transfer of cash or other property to others or
any payment for property or services for the account or use of others), or any purchase or acquisition of Capital Stock, Indebtedness or other similar instruments (excluding any interest in an oil or
natural gas leasehold to the extent constituting a security under
applicable law) issued by, such other Person and all other items that are or would be classified as investments on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP; provided that none of the following
will be deemed to be an Investment:
(1) Hedging
Obligations entered into in the ordinary course of business and in compliance with the indenture;
(2) endorsements
of negotiable instruments and documents in the ordinary course of business; and
(3) an
acquisition of assets, Capital Stock or other securities by the Company or a Subsidiary for consideration to the extent such consideration consists of Common Stock
of the Company.
The
amount of any Investment shall not be adjusted for increases or decreases in value, write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to such Investment.
For
purposes of the definition of "Unrestricted Subsidiary" and the covenant described under "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Restricted Payments,"
(1) "Investment"
will include the portion (proportionate to the Company's equity interest in a Restricted Subsidiary to be designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary) of the
Fair Market Value of the net assets of such Restricted Subsidiary at the time that such Restricted Subsidiary is designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that upon a redesignation of
such Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary, the Company will be deemed to continue to have a permanent "Investment" in an Unrestricted Subsidiary in an amount (if positive) equal to:
(a) the
Company's "Investment" in such Subsidiary at the time of such redesignation less,
(b) the
portion (proportionate to the Company's equity interest in such Subsidiary) of the Fair Market Value of the net assets of such Subsidiary at the time that such
Subsidiary is so re-designated a Restricted Subsidiary; and
(2) any
property transferred to or from an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be valued at its Fair Market Value at the time of such transfer.
"
Investment Grade Rating
" means a rating equal to or higher than:
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or,
if either such Rating Agency ceases to make a rating on the Notes publicly available for reasons outside of the Company's control, the equivalent investment grade credit rating from any other
Rating Agency.
"
Investment Grade Rating Event
" means the first day on which the Notes have an Investment Grade Rating from each Rating Agency, and no
Default has occurred and is then continuing under the indenture.
"
Issue Date
" means the first date on which the Notes are issued under the indenture.
"
Lien
" means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien (statutory or otherwise), pledge, hypothecation, charge, security interest,
preference, priority or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law, including any conditional sale or other title
retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security interest in and any filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the
Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction; provided that in no event shall an operating lease be deemed to constitute a Lien.
"
Minority Interest
" means the percentage interest represented by any class of Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary that are not owned
by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary.
"
Moody's
" means Moody's Investors Service, Inc., or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.
"
Net Available Cash
" from an Asset Disposition means cash payments received (including any cash payments received by way of deferred
payment of principal pursuant to a note or installment receivable or otherwise and net proceeds from the sale or other disposition of any securities received as consideration, but only as and when
received, but excluding any other consideration received in the form of assumption by the acquiring Person of Indebtedness or other obligations relating to the properties or assets that are the
subject of such Asset Disposition or received in any other non-cash form) therefrom, in each case net of:
(1) all
legal, accounting, investment banking, title and recording tax expenses, commissions and other fees and expenses Incurred, and all federal, state, provincial,
foreign and local taxes required to be paid or accrued as a liability under GAAP (after taking into account any available tax credits or deductions and any tax sharing agreements), as a consequence of
such Asset Disposition;
(2) all
payments made on any Indebtedness which is secured by any assets subject to such Asset Disposition, in accordance with the terms of any Lien upon such assets, or
which must by its terms, or in order to obtain a necessary consent to such Asset Disposition, or by applicable law be repaid out of the proceeds from such Asset Disposition;
(3) all
distributions and other payments required to be made to minority interest holders in Subsidiaries or joint ventures or to holders of royalty or similar interests or
interests under the Existing Net Profits Plan as a result of such Asset Disposition;
(4) the
deduction of appropriate amounts to be provided by the seller as a reserve, in accordance with GAAP, against any liabilities associated with the assets disposed of
in such Asset Disposition and retained by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary after such Asset Disposition; and
(5) all
relocation expenses incurred as a result thereof and all related severance and associated costs, expenses and charges of personnel related to assets and related
operations disposed of;
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provided,
however, that if any consideration for an Asset Disposition (that would otherwise constitute Net Available Cash) is required to be held in escrow pending determination of whether or not a
purchase price adjustment will be made, such consideration (or any portion thereof) shall become Net Available Cash only at such time as it is released to the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries from escrow.
"
Net Cash Proceeds
," with respect to any issuance or sale of Capital Stock or any contribution to equity capital, means the cash proceeds
of such issuance, sale or contribution net of attorneys' fees, accountants' fees, underwriters' or placement agents' fees, listing fees, discounts or commissions and brokerage, consultant and other
fees and charges actually Incurred in connection with such issuance, sale or contribution and net of taxes paid or payable as a result of such issuance or sale (after taking into account any available
tax credit or deductions and any tax sharing arrangements).
"
Net Working Capital
" means (a) all current assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, except current assets from
commodity price risk management activities arising in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business, less (b) all current liabilities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, except
current liabilities (i) associated with asset retirement obligations relating to Oil and Gas Properties, (ii) included in Indebtedness and (iii) any current liabilities from
commodity price risk management activities arising in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business, in each case as set forth in the consolidated financial statements of the Company prepared in
accordance with GAAP.
"
Non-Recourse Debt
" means Indebtedness of a Person:
(1) as
to which neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary (a) provides any Guarantee or credit support of any kind (including any undertaking, guarantee,
indemnity, agreement or instrument that would constitute Indebtedness) or (b) is directly or indirectly liable (as a guarantor or otherwise);
(2) no
default with respect to which (including any rights that the holders thereof may have to take enforcement action against an Unrestricted Subsidiary) would permit
(upon notice, lapse of time or both) any holder of any other Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to declare a default under such other Indebtedness or cause the payment thereof to
be accelerated or payable prior to its stated maturity; and
(3) the
explicit terms of which provide there is no recourse against any of the assets of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries.
"
Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness
" means Indebtedness (other than Capitalized Lease Obligations) of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary Incurred in connection with the acquisition by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business of fixed assets used in the Oil and Gas Business (including
office buildings and other real property used by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary in conducting its operations) with respect to which (a) the holders of such Indebtedness agree that
they will look solely to the fixed assets so acquired which secure such Indebtedness, and neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary (i) is directly or indirectly liable for such
Indebtedness or (ii) provides credit support, including any undertaking, Guarantee, agreement or instrument that would constitute Indebtedness (other than the grant of a Lien on such acquired
fixed assets), and (b) no default or event of default with respect to such Indebtedness would cause, or permit (after notice or passage of time or otherwise), any holder of any other
Indebtedness of the
Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to declare a default or event of default on such other Indebtedness or cause the payment, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for
value thereof to be accelerated or payable prior to any scheduled principal payment, scheduled sinking fund payment or maturity.
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"
Officer
" means the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer, any Vice President,
the Treasurer or the Secretary of the Company. Officer of any Subsidiary Guarantor has a correlative meaning.
"
Officers' Certificate
" means a certificate signed by two Officers of the Company.
"
Oil and Gas Business
" means:
(1) the
business of acquiring, exploring, exploiting, developing, producing, operating and disposing of interests in oil, natural gas, liquefied natural gas and other
Hydrocarbon, mineral and renewable energy properties or products produced in association with any of the foregoing;
(2) the
business of gathering, marketing, distributing, treating, processing, storing, refining, selling and transporting of any production from such interests or
properties and products produced in association therewith and the marketing of oil, natural gas, other Hydrocarbons, minerals and renewable energy obtained from unrelated Persons;
(3) any
other related energy business, including power generation and electrical transmission business, directly or indirectly, from oil, natural gas and other
Hydrocarbons, minerals and renewable energy produced substantially from properties in which the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, participate;
(4) any
business relating to oil field sales and service or drilling rigs; and
(5) any
business or activity relating to, arising from, or necessary, appropriate or incidental to the activities described in the foregoing clauses (1) through
(4) of this definition.
"
Oil and Gas Properties
" means all properties, including equity or other ownership interests therein, owned by a Person which contain or
are believed to contain oil and gas reserves.
"
Opinion of Counsel
" means a written opinion from legal counsel who is acceptable to the Trustee or, where applicable, to any Person who
is to receive such opinion pursuant to the indenture. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or the Trustee or any Person who is required to deliver such opinion pursuant to the
indenture.
"
Pari Passu Indebtedness
" means any Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor that ranks equally in right of payment to the
Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, as the case may be.
"
Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness
" means Indebtedness (including Disqualified Stock) of the Company or any of the Restricted
Subsidiaries to the extent such Indebtedness was Indebtedness:
(1) of
an acquired Person prior to the date on which such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of having been acquired and not incurred in contemplation of
such acquisition; or
(2) of
a Person that was merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary that was not incurred in contemplation of such merger,
consolidation or amalgamation,
provided
that on the date such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary or the date such Person was merged, consolidated and amalgamated with or into the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, as
applicable, after giving pro forma effect thereto,
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test
described under "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock," or
(b) the
Consolidated Coverage Ratio for the Company would be greater than the Consolidated Coverage Ratio for the Company immediately prior to such transaction.
"
Permitted Business Investment
" means any Investment made in the ordinary course of, and of a nature that is or shall have become
customary in, the Oil and Gas Business including investments or expenditures for actively exploiting, exploring for, acquiring, developing, producing, processing, gathering, marketing or transporting
oil, natural gas or other Hydrocarbons and minerals through agreements, transactions, interests or arrangements which permit one to share risks or costs, comply with regulatory requirements regarding
local ownership or satisfy other objectives customarily achieved through the conduct of the Oil and Gas Business jointly with third parties including:
(1) ownership
interests in oil, natural gas, other Hydrocarbons and minerals properties, liquefied natural gas facilities, processing facilities, gathering systems,
pipelines, storage facilities or related systems or ancillary real property interests;
(2) Investments
in the form of or pursuant to operating agreements, working interests, royalty interests, mineral leases, processing agreements, farm-in agreements,
farm-out agreements, contracts for the sale, transportation or exchange of oil, natural gas, other Hydrocarbons and minerals, production sharing agreements, participation agreements, development
agreements, area of mutual interest agreements, unitization agreements, pooling agreements, joint bidding agreements, service contracts, joint venture agreements, partnership agreements (whether
general or limited), subscription agreements, stock purchase agreements, stockholder agreements and other similar agreements (including for limited liability companies) with third parties; and
(3) direct
or indirect ownership interests in drilling rigs and related equipment, including, without limitation, transportation equipment.
"
Permitted Investment
" means an Investment by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in:
(1) the
Company, a Restricted Subsidiary or a Person which will, upon the making of such Investment, become a Restricted Subsidiary;
(2) another
Person if as a result of such Investment such other Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged or consolidated with or into, or transfers or conveys
all or substantially all its assets to, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary and, in each case, any Investment held by such Person; provided that such Investment was not acquired by such Person in
contemplation of such acquisition, merger, consolidation or transfer;
(3) cash
and Cash Equivalents;
(4) receivables
owing to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary created or acquired in the ordinary course of business and payable or dischargeable in accordance with
customary trade terms; provided, however, that such trade terms may include such concessionary trade terms as the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary deems reasonable under the circumstances;
(5) payroll,
commission, travel, relocation and similar advances to cover matters that are expected at the time of such advances ultimately to be treated as expenses for
accounting purposes and that are made in the ordinary course of business;
(6) loans
or advances to employees (other than executive officers) made in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices of the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary;
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(7) Capital
Stock, obligations or securities received in settlement of debts (x) created in the ordinary course of business and owing to the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary or in satisfaction of judgments or (y) pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement in a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding;
(8) any
Person as a result of the receipt of non-cash consideration from an Asset Disposition that was made pursuant to and in compliance with the covenant described under
"Certain CovenantsLimitation on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock";
(9) Commodity
Agreements, Currency Agreements, Interest Rate Agreements and related Hedging Obligations, which transactions or obligations are Incurred in compliance with
"Certain CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock";
(10) Guarantees
issued in accordance with the covenant described under "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock";
(11) Permitted
Business Investments;
(12) any
Person where such Investment was acquired by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (a) in exchange for any other Investment or accounts
receivable held by the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary in connection with or as a result of a bankruptcy, workout, reorganization or recapitalization of the issuer of such other Investment
or accounts receivable or (b) as a result of a foreclosure by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to any secured Investment or other transfer of title with respect to
any secured Investment in default;
(13) any
Person to the extent such Investments consist of prepaid expenses, negotiable instruments held for collection and lease, utility and workers' compensation,
performance and other similar deposits made in the ordinary course of business by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary;
(14) Guarantees
of performance or other obligations (other than Indebtedness) arising in the ordinary course in the Oil and Gas Business, including obligations under oil
and natural gas exploration, development, joint operating, and related agreements and licenses, concessions or operating leases related to the Oil and Gas Business;
(15) Investments
in the Notes;
(16) Investments
in existence on the Issue Date; and
(17) Investments
by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, together with all other Investments pursuant to this clause (17), in an aggregate amount
outstanding at the time of such Investment not to exceed the greater of $50.0 million and 1.0% of the Company's Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets (with the Fair Market Value of such
Investment being measured at the time such Investment is made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value).
"
Permitted Liens
" means, with respect to any Person:
(1) Liens
securing Indebtedness under a Credit Facility permitted to be Incurred under the indenture;
(2) pledges
or deposits by such Person under workers' compensation laws, unemployment insurance laws, social security or old age pension laws or similar legislation, or
good faith deposits in connection with bids, tenders, contracts (other than for the payment of Indebtedness) or leases to which such Person is a party, or deposits (which may be secured by a Lien) to
secure public or statutory obligations of such Person including letters of credit and
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bank
guarantees required or requested by the United States, any State thereof or any foreign government or any subdivision, department, agency, organization or instrumentality of any of the foregoing
in connection with any contract or statute (including lessee or operator obligations under statutes, governmental regulations, contracts or instruments related to the ownership, exploration and
production of oil, natural gas, other hydrocarbons and minerals on state, federal or foreign lands or waters), or deposits of cash or United States government bonds to secure indemnity performance,
surety or appeal bonds or other similar bonds to which such Person is a party, or deposits as security for contested taxes or import or customs duties or for the payment of rent, in each case Incurred
in the ordinary course of business;
(3) statutory
and contractual Liens of landlords and Liens imposed by law, including carriers', warehousemen's, mechanics', materialmen's and repairmen's Liens, in each
case for sums not yet due or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings if a reserve or other appropriate provisions, if any, as shall be required by GAAP shall have been made in respect
thereof;
(4) Liens
for taxes, assessments or other governmental charges or claims not yet subject to penalties for non-payment or which are being contested in good faith by
appropriate proceedings; provided that appropriate reserves, if any, required pursuant to GAAP have been made in respect thereof;
(5) Liens
in favor of issuers of surety or performance bonds or bankers' acceptances issued pursuant to the request of and for the account of such Person in the ordinary
course of its business;
(6) survey
exceptions, encumbrances, ground leases, easements or reservations of, or rights of others for, licenses, rights of way, sewers, electric lines, telegraph and
telephone lines and other similar purposes, or zoning, building codes or other restrictions (including, without limitation, minor defects or irregularities in title and similar encumbrances) as to the
use of real properties or Liens incidental to the conduct of the business of such Person or to the ownership of its properties which do not in the aggregate materially adversely affect the value of
the assets of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or materially impair their use in the operation of the business of such Person;
(7) Liens
securing Hedging Obligations;
(8) leases,
licenses, subleases and sublicenses of assets (including, without limitation, real property and intellectual property rights) which do not materially interfere
with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
(9) prejudgment
Liens and judgment Liens not giving rise to an Event of Default so long as such Lien is adequately bonded and any appropriate legal proceedings which may
have been duly initiated for the review of such judgment have not been finally terminated or the period within which such proceedings may be initiated has not expired;
(10) Liens
for the purpose of securing the payment of all or a part of the purchase price of, or Capitalized Lease Obligations, purchase money obligations or other payments
Incurred to finance the acquisition, lease, improvement or construction of or repairs or additions to, assets or property acquired or constructed in the ordinary course of business; provided that:
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(b) such
Liens are created within 180 days following the later of the acquisition, lease, completion of improvements, construction, repairs or additions or
commencement of full operation of the assets or property subject to such Lien and do not encumber any other assets or property of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary other than such assets or
property and assets affixed or appurtenant thereto;
(11) Liens
arising solely by virtue of any statutory or common law provisions relating to banker's Liens, rights of set-off or similar rights and remedies as to deposit
accounts or other funds maintained with a depositary institution; provided that:
(a) such
deposit account is not a dedicated cash collateral account and is not subject to restrictions against access by the Company in excess of those set forth by
regulations promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board; and
(b) such
deposit account is not intended by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to provide collateral to the depository institution;
(12) Liens
arising from Uniform Commercial Code financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the
ordinary course of business;
(13) Liens
existing on the Issue Date;
(14) Liens
on property or shares of Capital Stock of a Person at the time such Person becomes a Subsidiary; provided, however, that such Liens are not created or Incurred
in connection with, or in contemplation of, such other Person becoming a Subsidiary; provided further, however, that any such Lien may not extend to any other property owned by the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary (other than assets or property affixed or appurtenant thereto);
(15) Liens
on property at the time the Company or any of its Subsidiaries acquired the property, including any acquisition by means of a merger or consolidation with or
into the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that such Liens are not created or Incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such acquisition; provided further, however,
that such Liens may not extend to any other property owned by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than assets or property affixed or appurtenant thereto);
(16) Liens
securing the Notes, Subsidiary Guarantees and other obligations under the indenture;
(17) Liens
securing Refinancing Indebtedness Incurred to refinance Indebtedness that was previously so secured, provided that any such Lien is limited to all or part of the
same property or assets (plus improvements, accessions, proceeds or dividends or distributions in respect thereof) that secured (or, under the written arrangements under which the original Lien arose,
could secure) the Indebtedness being refinanced or is in respect of property or assets that is the security for a Permitted Lien hereunder;
(18) any
interest or title of a lessor under any Capitalized Lease Obligation or operating lease;
provided
that such Liens
do not extend to any property or asset that is not leased property subject to such Capitalized Lease Obligation or operating lease;
(19) Liens
in respect of Production Payments and Reserve Sales, which Liens shall be limited to the property that is the subject of such Production Payments and Reserve
Sales;
(20) Liens
arising under farm-out agreements, farm-in agreements, division orders, contracts for the sale, purchase, exchange, transportation, gathering or processing of
Hydrocarbons, unitizations and pooling designations, declarations, orders and agreements,
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development
agreements, joint venture agreements, partnership agreements, operating agreements, royalties, working interests, net profits interests, joint interest billing arrangements, participation
agreements, production sales contracts, area of mutual interest agreements, gas balancing or deferred production agreements, injection, repressuring and recycling agreements, salt water or other
disposal agreements, seismic or geophysical permits or agreements, and other agreements which are customary in the Oil and Gas Business; provided, however, in all instances that such Liens are limited
to the assets that are the subject of the relevant agreement, program, order or contract;
(21) Liens
on pipelines or pipeline facilities that arise by operation of law;
(22) Liens
in favor of the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor;
(23) deposits
made in the ordinary course of business to secure liability to insurance carriers;
(24) Liens
in favor of customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of customs duties in connection with the importation of goods in the
ordinary course of business;
(25) Liens
deemed to exist in connection with Investments in repurchase agreements permitted under the covenant described under "Certain
CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock"; provided that such Liens do not extend to any assets other than those that are the subject of such repurchase agreement;
(26) Liens
encumbering reasonable customary initial deposits and margin deposits and similar Liens attaching to commodity trading accounts or other brokerage accounts
incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;
(27) any
(a) interest or title of a lessor or sublessor under any lease, liens reserved in oil, gas or other Hydrocarbons, minerals, leases for bonus, royalty or
rental payments and for compliance with the terms of such leases; (b) restriction or encumbrance that the interest or title of such lessor or sublessor may be subject to (including, without
limitation, ground leases or other prior leases of the demised premises, mortgages, mechanics' liens, tax liens, and easements); or (c) subordination of the interest of the lessee or sublessee
under such lease to any restrictions or encumbrance referred to in the preceding clause (b);
(28) Liens
upon specific items of inventory or other goods and proceeds of any Person securing such Person's obligations in respect of bankers' acceptances issued or
created for the account of such Person to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory or other goods;
(29) Liens
arising under the indenture in favor of the Trustee for its own benefit and similar Liens in favor of other trustees, agents and representatives arising under
instruments governing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under the indenture, provided, however, that such Liens are solely for the benefit of the trustees, agents or representatives in their
capacities as such and not for the benefit of the holders of such Indebtedness;
(30) Liens
arising from the deposit of funds or securities in trust for the purpose of decreasing or defeasing Indebtedness so long as such deposit of funds or securities
and such decreasing or defeasing of Indebtedness are permitted under the covenant described under "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Restricted Payments";
(31) Liens
in favor of collecting or payer banks having a right of setoff, revocation, or charge back with respect to money or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary
of the Company on deposit with or in possession of such bank; and
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(32) Liens
securing Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount outstanding at any one time, added together with all other Indebtedness secured by Liens Incurred pursuant
to this clause (32), not to exceed the greater of $50.0 million and 1.0% of the Company's Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets, as determined on the date of Incurrence of such
Indebtedness after giving pro forma effect to such Incurrence and the application of the proceeds therefrom.
In each case set forth above, notwithstanding any stated limitation on the assets that may be subject to such Lien, a Permitted Lien on a specified
asset or
group or type of assets may include Liens on all
improvements, additions and accessions thereto and all products and proceeds thereof (including dividends, distributions and increases in respect thereof).
"
Person
" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated
organization, limited liability company, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity.
"
Preferred Stock
," as applied to the Capital Stock of any corporation, means Capital Stock of any class or classes (however designated)
which is preferred as to the payment of dividends, or as to the distribution of assets upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation or dissolution of such corporation, over shares of Capital Stock of
any other class of such corporation.
"
Production Payments and Reserve Sales
" means the grant or transfer by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to any Person of a royalty,
overriding royalty, net profits interest, production payment (whether volumetric or dollar denominated), partnership or other interest in Oil and Gas Properties, reserves or the right to receive all
or a portion of the production or the proceeds from the sale of production attributable to such properties where the holder of such interest has recourse solely to such production or proceeds of
production, subject to the obligation of the grantor or transferor to operate and maintain, or cause the subject interests to be operated and maintained, in a reasonably prudent manner or other
customary standard or subject to the obligation of the grantor or transferor to indemnify for environmental, title or other matters customary in the Oil and Gas Business, including any such grants or
transfers pursuant to incentive compensation programs on terms that are reasonably customary in the Oil and Gas Business for geologists, geophysicists or other providers of technical services to the
Company or a Restricted Subsidiary.
"
Rating Agency
" means each of S&P and Moody's, or if S&P or Moody's or both shall not make a rating on the Notes publicly available, a
nationally recognized statistical rating agency or agencies, as the case may be, selected by the Company which shall be substituted for S&P or Moody's, or both, as the case may be.
"
Ratings Decline Period
' means the period that (i) begins on the occurrence of a Change of Control and (ii) ends
90 days following consummation of such Change of Control.
"
Refinancing Indebtedness
" means Indebtedness that is Incurred to refund, refinance, replace, exchange, renew, repay, extend, prepay,
redeem or retire (including pursuant to any defeasance or discharge mechanism) (collectively, "refinance" and "refinances" and "refinanced" shall have correlative meanings) any Indebtedness (including
Indebtedness of the Company that refinances Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary and Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary that refinances Indebtedness of another Restricted Subsidiary, but
excluding Indebtedness of a Subsidiary that is not a Restricted Subsidiary that refinances Indebtedness of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary), including Indebtedness that refinances Refinancing
Indebtedness, provided, however, that:
(1) (a)
if the Stated Maturity of the Indebtedness being refinanced is earlier than the Stated Maturity of the Notes, the Refinancing Indebtedness has a Stated Maturity no
earlier than the Stated Maturity of the Indebtedness being refinanced or (b) if the Stated Maturity of the Indebtedness being refinanced is later than the Stated Maturity of the Notes, the
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Refinancing
Indebtedness has a Stated Maturity at least 91 days later than the Stated Maturity of the Notes;
(2) the
Refinancing Indebtedness has an Average Life at the time such Refinancing Indebtedness is Incurred that is equal to or greater than the Average Life of the
Indebtedness being refinanced;
(3) such
Refinancing Indebtedness is Incurred in an aggregate principal amount (or if issued with original issue discount, an aggregate issue price) that is equal to or
less than the sum of the aggregate principal amount (or if issued with original issue discount, the aggregate accreted value) then outstanding of the Indebtedness being refinanced (plus, without
duplication, any additional Indebtedness Incurred to pay interest, premiums or defeasance costs required by the instruments governing such existing Indebtedness and fees and expenses Incurred in
connection therewith);
(4) if
the Indebtedness being refinanced is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantee, such Refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated in
right of payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantee on terms at least as favorable to the holders as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being refinanced; and
(5) if
the Indebtedness being refinanced is Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness or Indebtedness that refinanced Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness, such
Refinancing Indebtedness satisfies clauses (a) and (b) of the definition of "Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness."
"
Reporting Failure
" means the failure of the Company to make available or otherwise deliver to the Trustee and each holder of Notes,
within the time periods specified in "Certain CovenantsProvision of Financial Information" (after giving effect to any grace period
specified under Rule 12b-25 under the Exchange Act), the periodic reports, information, documents or other reports which the Company may be required to provide pursuant to such provision.
"
Restricted Investment
" means any Investment other than a Permitted Investment.
"
Restricted Subsidiary
" means any Subsidiary of the Company other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary.
"
S&P
" means S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global, Inc., or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.
"
Sale/Leaseback Transaction
" means an arrangement relating to property now owned or hereafter acquired whereby the Company or a
Restricted Subsidiary transfers such property to a Person and the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary leases it from such Person.
"
Securities Act
" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.
"
SEC
" means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or if
at any time after the execution of the indenture such Commission is not existing and performing duties now assigned to it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, then the body performing such
duties at such time.
"
Senior Secured Credit Agreement
" means the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2013, among the
Company, as Borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Co-Syndication Agents, Barclays Bank PLC, BBVA Compass, Comerica
Bank, and Royal Bank of Canada, as Co- Documentation Agents, and the lenders parties thereto from time to time, including any guarantees, collateral documents, instruments and agreements executed in
connection therewith, and any
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amendments,
supplements, modifications, extensions, renewals, restatements, refundings or refinancings thereof and any indentures or credit facilities or commercial paper facilities with banks or
other institutional lenders or investors that replace, refund or refinance any part of the loans, notes, other
credit facilities or commitments thereunder, including any such replacement, refunding or refinancing facility or indenture that increases the amount borrowable thereunder or alters the maturity
thereof (provided that such increase in borrowings is permitted under "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock" above).
"
Significant Subsidiary
" means any Restricted Subsidiary that would be a "Significant Subsidiary" of the Company within the meaning of
Rule 1-02 under Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC, as in effect on the Issue Date.
"
Stated Maturity
" means, with respect to any security, the date specified in such security as the fixed date on which the payment of
principal of such security is due and payable, including pursuant to any mandatory redemption provision, but shall not include any contingent obligations to repay, redeem or repurchase any such
principal prior to the date originally scheduled for the payment thereof.
"
Subordinated Obligation
" means any Indebtedness of the Company (whether outstanding on the Issue Date or thereafter Incurred) which is
expressly subordinate in right of payment to the Notes pursuant to a written agreement.
"
Subsidiary
" of any Person means (a) any corporation, association or other business entity (other than a partnership, joint
venture, limited liability company or similar entity) of which more than 50% of the total ordinary voting power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any
contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof (or Persons performing similar functions) or (b) any partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or
similar entity of which more than 50% of the capital accounts, distribution rights, total equity and voting interests or general or limited partnership interests, as applicable, is, in the case of
clauses (a) and (b), at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (1) such Person, (2) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person or (3) one or
more Subsidiaries of such Person. Unless otherwise specified herein, each reference to a Subsidiary (other than in this definition) will refer to a Subsidiary of the Company.
"
Subsidiary Guarantee
" means, individually, any Guarantee of payment of the Notes by a Subsidiary Guarantor pursuant to the terms of the
indenture and any supplemental indenture thereto, and, collectively, all such Guarantees.
"
Subsidiary Guarantors
" means any Subsidiary of the Company that is a guarantor of the Notes, including any Person that is required after
the Issue Date to guarantee the Notes pursuant to the covenant described under "Certain CovenantsFuture Subsidiary Guarantors," in each case until a successor replaces such
Person pursuant to the applicable provisions of the indenture and, thereafter, means such successor.
"
Unrestricted Subsidiary
" means:
(1) any
Subsidiary of the Company that at the time of determination shall be designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary by the Board of Directors of the Company in the manner
provided below; and
(2) any
Subsidiary of an Unrestricted Subsidiary.
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The
Board of Directors of the Company may designate any Subsidiary of the Company (including any newly acquired or newly formed Subsidiary or a Person becoming a Subsidiary through
merger or consolidation or Investment therein) to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary only if:
(A) such
Subsidiary or any of its Subsidiaries does not own any Capital Stock or Indebtedness of or have any Investment in, or own or hold any Lien on any property of, any
other Subsidiary of the Company which is not a Subsidiary of the Subsidiary to be so designated or otherwise an Unrestricted Subsidiary;
(B) all
the Indebtedness of such Subsidiary and its Subsidiaries shall, at the date of designation, and will at all times thereafter, consist of Non-Recourse Debt;
(C) on
the date of such designation, such designation and the Investment of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in such Subsidiary complies with the covenant described
under "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Restricted Payments";
(D) such
Subsidiary is a Person with respect to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has any direct or indirect obligation:
(i) to
subscribe for additional Capital Stock of such Person; or
(ii) to
maintain or preserve such Person's financial condition or to cause such Person to achieve any specified levels of operating results; and
(E) on
the date such Subsidiary is designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary, such Subsidiary is not a party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding with the
Company or any Restricted Subsidiary with terms substantially less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary than those that might have been obtained from Persons who are not Affiliates
of the Company.
Any
such designation by the Board of Directors of the Company shall be evidenced to the Trustee by filing with the Trustee a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company giving
effect to such designation and an Officers' Certificate certifying that such designation complies with the foregoing conditions. If, at any time, any Unrestricted Subsidiary would fail to meet the
foregoing requirements as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, it shall thereafter cease to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary for purposes of the indenture and any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary shall be deemed
to be Incurred as of such date. The Board of Directors of the Company may designate any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that immediately after giving effect to such
designation, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof and the Company could Incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness under
the first paragraph of the covenant described under "Certain CovenantsLimitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock" on a pro forma basis taking into account such
designation.
"
U.S. Government Obligations
" means securities that are (a) direct obligations of the United States of America for the timely
payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (b) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the
timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation of the United States of America, which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the
issuer thereof, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act), as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government
Obligations or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such U.S. Government Obligations held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt; provided that
(except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect
of the
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U.S.
Government Obligations or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the U.S. Government Obligations evidenced by such depositary receipt.
"
Volumetric Production Payments
" means production payment obligations recorded as deferred revenue in accordance with GAAP, together with
all undertakings and obligations in connection therewith.
"
Voting Stock
" of an entity means all classes of Capital Stock of such entity then outstanding and normally entitled to vote in the
election of members of such entity's Board of Directors.
"
Wholly-Owned Subsidiary
" means a Restricted Subsidiary, all of the Capital Stock of which (other than directors' qualifying shares) is
owned by the Company or another Wholly-Owned Subsidiary.
"
2019 Notes
" means the Company's $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.625% Senior Notes, which were issued pursuant
to an indenture between the Company and the Trustee dated as of February 7, 2011 and mature on February 15, 2019 and were redeemed by the Company on June 22, 2015.
"
2019 Notes Issue Date
" means February 7, 2011, the initial date of issuance of the 2019 Notes.
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MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion summarizes material U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to the acquisition, ownership and
disposition of the notes, but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all the potential tax considerations relating thereto. This discussion is based upon the provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), applicable U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated and proposed thereunder, judicial authority and administrative interpretations, each as of the date of this
prospectus supplement, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect, or are subject to different interpretations. Changes in these authorities, subsequent to the date of this
prospectus supplement or retroactively applied, may cause the U.S. federal income tax consequences to vary substantially from the consequences described below. We cannot assure you that the Internal
Revenue Service (the "IRS") will not challenge one or more of the tax consequences described herein, and we have not obtained, nor do we intend to obtain, a ruling from the IRS or an opinion of
counsel with respect to the U.S. federal tax consequences of acquiring, holding or disposing of the notes. Any challenge by the IRS may materially and adversely impact the market for the notes, if one
exists, and the value of the notes.
This
discussion is limited to initial holders who purchase the notes in this offering for cash at a price equal to the issue price of the notes (i.e., the first price at which a
substantial amount of the notes is sold other than to bond houses, brokers or similar persons or organizations acting in the capacity of underwriters, placement agents or wholesalers) and who hold the
notes as "capital assets" within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). This discussion does not address the tax considerations arising under U.S.
federal estate or U.S. federal gift tax laws or under the laws of any non-U.S., state, local or other jurisdiction or any tax treaties. In addition, this discussion does not address all U.S. federal
income tax considerations that may be important to a holder of the notes in light of the holder's circumstances, or to certain categories of holders that may be subject to special rules, such
as:
-
-
governmental bodies or agencies or instrumentalities thereof;
-
-
holders subject to the alternative minimum tax;
-
-
entities that are exempt from U.S. federal income tax;
-
-
dealers in securities or currencies;
-
-
traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting for their securities;
-
-
persons that are partnerships or other pass-through entities or holders of interests therein;
-
-
U.S. expatriates and certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;
-
-
United States holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;
-
-
passive foreign investment companies and controlled foreign corporations;
-
-
foreign entities treated as domestic corporations for U.S. federal tax purposes;
-
-
qualified foreign pension funds;
-
-
common trust funds;
-
-
persons subject to special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code;
-
-
banks, thrifts, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts or other financial institutions; or
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-
-
persons who hold the notes as a position in a hedging, conversion or constructive sale transaction or a straddle or other risk reduction
transaction or as a "synthetic security" or in an integrated transaction.
If
a partnership (including an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes) holds the notes, the tax treatment of a partner of the partnership generally
will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership, among other things. If you are a partner of a partnership considering the purchase of the notes, you are urged to
consult your own tax advisor.
We urge you to consult your own tax advisor concerning the application of the U.S. federal income tax laws to your particular situation as well as the any tax
consequences to you of the purchase, ownership or disposition of the notes, as well as any consequences under the U.S. federal estate or U.S. federal gift tax laws or under the laws of any state,
local or non-U.S. jurisdiction or under any applicable tax treaty.
Contingent Payment Debt Instruments
In certain circumstances we may be obligated to pay additional amounts on the notes in excess of stated interest or principal on the notes (see
"Description of NotesOptional Redemption" and "Description of NotesChange of Control"). We intend to take the position that, as of the initial issue date for the notes, the
likelihood that we will pay these additional amounts is remote or these additional amounts are incidental. Therefore, we do not intend to treat the possibility of paying such additional amounts as
causing the notes to be treated as contingent payment debt instruments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, additional income will be recognized if any such additional payment is made. Our
determination that the likelihood that we will pay these additional amounts is remote or that these additional amounts are incidental is binding on all holders of the notes unless they disclose their
contrary position to the IRS in the manner required by applicable Treasury regulations. However, our determination is not binding on the IRS. It is possible that the IRS may take a different position,
in which case a holder might be required to accrue interest income at a higher rate than the stated interest rate on the notes and to treat as ordinary interest income any of the gain realized on the
taxable disposition (including redemption or retirement) of a note. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the notes will not be treated as contingent payment debt instruments. You should
consult your own tax advisor regarding the possible application of the contingent payment debt instrument rules to the notes.
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to United States Holders
You are a "United States holder" for purposes of this discussion if you are a beneficial owner of a note and you are for U.S. federal income
tax purposes:
-
-
an individual who is a U.S. citizen or U.S. resident alien;
-
-
a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation) that was created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state
thereof or the District of Columbia;
-
-
an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
-
-
a trust (i) if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or
more "United States persons", as defined in the Code, have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (ii) that has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S.
Treasury regulations to be treated as a "United States person", as defined in the Code.
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Interest on the Notes
Interest on a note generally will be taxable to you as ordinary income at the time the interest is received or accrued, in accordance with your
regular method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Thus, if you utilize the accrual method of accounting, interest on the notes will be taxable to you as it accrues. If you utilize the
cash method of accounting, interest will be taxable to you when it is received, or made available for receipt, by you.
Sale, Exchange or Redemption of the Notes
You will generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, redemption, exchange, retirement or other taxable disposition of a note. This
gain or loss will equal the difference between the proceeds you receive on the sale, redemption, exchange, retirement or other disposition (excluding any amount attributable to accrued but unpaid
interest, which is taxable as ordinary interest income to the extent you have not previously included the accrued interest in income) and your adjusted tax basis in the note. The proceeds you receive
will include the amount of any cash and the fair market value of any other property received for the note. Your initial adjusted tax basis in a note generally will equal the amount you paid for the
note. The gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if you held the note for more than one year at the time of the sale, redemption, exchange, retirement or other disposition. Long-term
capital gains of individuals, estates and trusts currently are eligible for reduced rates of U.S. federal income tax. Long-term capital gains of corporations are not subject to reduced U.S. federal
income tax rates and are subject to U.S. federal income tax at the same rate as the corporation's ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses may be subject to limitation.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Information reporting requirements generally will apply to payments of interest on, and the proceeds of the sale or other disposition
(including a redemption, exchange or retirement) of, notes held by you, unless, in each case, you are a recipient that is exempt from such information reporting (such as a corporation) and, if
required, certify as to that status. Backup withholding will apply to such payments unless you provide the appropriate intermediary with a correct taxpayer identification number (which, if you are an
individual, would generally be your Social Security Number), certified under penalties of perjury, as well as certain other information, or you otherwise comply with applicable requirements of the
backup withholding rules or establish an exemption from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amount withheld under the backup withholding rules generally will be
allowed as a credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and a refund may be obtained if the amounts withheld exceed your actual U.S. federal income tax liability and you timely
provide the required information to the IRS. You should consult your tax advisor regarding the application of backup withholding in your particular situation, the availability of an exemption from
backup withholding and the procedure for obtaining such an exemption, if available.
Surtax on Unearned Income
An additional Unearned Income Medicare Contribution surtax of 3.8% is imposed upon the "net investment income" of certain United States
citizens and resident aliens and on the undistributed "net investment income" of certain estates and trusts. Among other items, "net investment income" generally includes interest and certain net gain
from the disposition of property, such as the notes, less certain deductions. The surtax only applies if the adjusted gross income of the taxpayer exceeds certain threshold amounts. You should consult
your tax advisor with respect to the tax consequences of the Unearned Income Medicare Contribution surtax.
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Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to Non-United States Holders
You are a "non-United States holder" for purposes of this discussion if you are a beneficial owner of a note that is an individual,
corporation, estate or trust and that is not a United States holder.
Interest on the Notes
Subject to the discussion of backup withholding and other withholding requirements below, payments to you of interest on the notes generally
will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding of U.S. federal income tax if you properly certify as to your foreign status as described below,
and:
-
-
you do not actually or constructively own, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes
of our stock entitled to vote;
-
-
you are not a "controlled foreign corporation" for U.S. federal income tax purposes that is related to us (actually or constructively);
-
-
you are not a bank whose receipt of interest on the notes is in connection with an extension of credit made pursuant to a loan agreement
entered into in the ordinary course of your trade or business; and
-
-
interest on the notes is not effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business within the United States.
The
exemption from taxation and withholding described above and several of the special rules for non-United States holders described below generally apply only if you appropriately
certify as to your foreign status. You can generally meet the certification requirement by providing a properly completed and executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or appropriate substitute or
successor form) to us or the applicable withholding agent. Other methods might be available to satisfy the certification requirements described above, depending on your particular circumstances.
Special rules apply to foreign partnerships, estates and trusts, and in certain circumstances certifications as to the foreign status of partners, trust owners or beneficiaries may have to be provided
to the applicable withholding agent. In addition, special rules apply to qualified intermediaries that enter into withholding agreements with the IRS.
If
you cannot satisfy the requirements described above, payments of interest made to you will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a 30% rate, unless (i) you are a
qualified resident of a country with which the United States has an income tax treaty and you provide the applicable withholding agent with a properly completed and executed IRS Form W-8BEN or
W-8BEN-E (or appropriate substitute or successor form) claiming an exemption from (or a reduction of) withholding under such tax treaty (in which case, you generally will be required to provide a U.S.
taxpayer identification number) or (ii) the payments of interest are effectively connected with your conduct of a U.S. trade or business (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty,
are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by you in the United States) and you meet the certification requirements described below. See "Income or Gain Effectively
Connected with a U.S. Trade or Business."
The
certifications described above and below must be provided to the applicable withholding agent prior to the payment of interest and must be updated periodically. If you do not timely
provide the applicable withholding agent with the required certification, but you qualify for a reduced rate under an applicable income tax treaty, you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts
withheld if you timely provide the required information to the IRS.
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Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of Notes
Subject to the discussion of backup withholding and other withholding requirements below, as a non-United States holder, you generally will not
be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on any gain realized on the sale, redemption, exchange, retirement or other taxable disposition of a note (except to the extent such amount is attributable to accrued interest, which would
be treated as described elsewhere in this discussion) unless:
-
-
the gain is effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income
tax treaty, is treated as attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by you in the United States); or
-
-
if you are an individual, you are present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of such disposition, and certain
other requirements are met.
If
you are described in the first bullet above, you generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax as described in "Income or Gain Effectively Connected with a U.S.
Trade or Business" below. If you are described in the second bullet above, except as otherwise provided under an applicable income tax treaty, you will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax
at a flat rate of 30% on any gain derived from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition that may be offset by U.S. source capital losses (even though you are not considered a resident of the
United States).
Income or Gain Effectively Connected with a U.S. Trade or Business
If any interest on the notes or gain from the sale, redemption, exchange or other taxable disposition of the notes is effectively connected
with your conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is treated as attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by you in the
United States), then the interest or gain generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular graduated income tax rates in generally the same manner as if you were a United States holder
unless an applicable income tax treaty provides for an exemption. If you are a corporation, that portion of your earnings and profits that is effectively connected with your trade or business within
the United States (and, in the case of an applicable tax treaty, is attributable to your permanent establishment in the United States) also may be subject to a "branch profits tax" at a 30% rate,
unless you are a qualified resident of a country with which the United States has an income tax treaty, in which case such income tax treaty may provide for a lower rate. Even though, absent treaty
relief, effectively connected interest is subject to U.S. federal income tax, and may be subject to the branch profits tax, it is generally not subject to withholding tax if the non-United States
holder provides to the applicable withholding agent a properly completed and executed IRS Form W-8ECI (or appropriate substitute or successor form), or IRS Form W-8BEN or
W-8BEN-E, as appropriate (or appropriate substitute or successor form) claiming exemption under an applicable income tax treaty.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
You may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding with respect to any payments to you of interest on the notes and the
proceeds from dispositions of the notes, unless you comply with certain reporting procedures (usually satisfied by providing the appropriate form from the IRS Form W-8 series) or otherwise
establish an exemption. Additional rules relating to information reporting requirements and backup withholding with respect to the payment of proceeds from the disposition of notes will apply as
follows:
-
-
If the proceeds are paid to or through the U.S. office of a broker (U.S. or foreign), they generally will be subject to backup withholding and
information reporting, unless you certify
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In
addition, the amount of any interest paid to you and the amount of tax, if any, withheld from such payment generally must be reported annually to you and the IRS. The IRS may make
such information available under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty to the tax authorities in the country in which you reside. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules
are treated as a credit against your actual U.S. federal income tax liability and any amounts withheld in excess of your actual U.S. federal income tax liability will be allowed as a refund provided
the required information is timely furnished by you to the IRS. Non-United States holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the filing of a U.S. tax return for claiming a refund of such
backup withholding.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
Withholding at a rate of 30% will be required on interest on the notes and, after December 31, 2018, withholding at a rate of 30% will
be required on gross proceeds from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of, the notes held by or through certain foreign financial institutions (including investment funds), unless such
institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. Treasury Department to report, on an annual basis, information with respect to interests in, and accounts maintained by, the institution that are
owned by certain U.S. persons and by certain non-U.S. entities that are wholly or partially owned by U.S. persons and to withhold on certain payments. An intergovernmental agreement between the United
States and an applicable foreign country, or future Treasury regulations, may modify these requirements. Accordingly, the entity through which the notes are held will affect the determination of
whether such withholding is required. Similarly, interest on the notes and, after December 31, 2018, gross proceeds from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of, the notes held by an
investor that is a non-financial non-U.S. entity that does not qualify under certain exemptions will be subject to withholding at a rate of 30%, unless such entity either (i) certifies that
such entity does not have any "substantial United States owners" or (ii) provides certain information regarding the entity's "substantial United States owners." Prospective investors should
consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these rules on their investment in the notes.
THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION OF MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY AND IS NOT TAX ADVICE. WE URGE YOU TO
CONSULT YOUR TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE PARTICULAR U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF THE NOTES, INCLUDING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY PROPOSED
CHANGES IN APPLICABLE LAWS.
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CERTAIN ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a summary of certain considerations associated with the purchase of the notes by employee benefit plans that are subject to
Title I of the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), plans and other arrangements that are subject to Section 4975 of the Code or provisions under
any federal, state, local, non-United States or other laws or regulations that are similar to such provisions of ERISA or the Code (collectively, "Similar Laws"), and entities whose underlying assets
are considered to include "plan assets" of any such plan, account or arrangement (each, a "Plan").
General Fiduciary Matters
ERISA, the Code and Similar Laws may impose certain duties on persons who are fiduciaries and other interested parties of a Plan and may
prohibit certain transactions involving the assets of a Plan and its fiduciaries or other interested parties. Under ERISA and the Code, any person who exercises any discretionary authority or control
over the administration of a Plan or the management or disposition of the assets of a Plan, or who renders investment advice for a fee or other compensation to a Plan, is generally considered to be a
fiduciary of the Plan.
In
considering an investment in the notes of a portion of the assets of any Plan, a fiduciary should determine whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and instruments
governing the Plan and the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code or any Similar Law relating to a fiduciary's duties to the Plan including, without limitation, the prudence, diversification,
delegation of control and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA, the Code and any other applicable Similar Laws.
Prohibited Transaction Issues
Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code prohibit Plans from engaging in specified transactions involving plan assets
with persons or entities who are "parties in interest," within the meaning of ERISA, or "disqualified persons," within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code, unless an exemption is available.
A party in interest or disqualified person who engages in a non-exempt prohibited transaction may be subject to excise taxes and other penalties and liabilities under ERISA and the Code. In addition,
the fiduciary of the Plan that engaged in such a non-exempt prohibited transaction may be subject to penalties and liabilities under ERISA and the Code. The acquisition and/or holding of notes by an
ERISA Plan with respect to which we, an underwriter, or a guarantor is considered a party in interest or a disqualified person may constitute or result in a direct or indirect prohibited transaction
under Section 406 of ERISA and/or Section 4975 of the Code, unless the investment is acquired and is held in accordance with an applicable statutory, class or individual prohibited
transaction exemption. In this regard, the United States Department of Labor has issued prohibited transaction class exemptions, or "PTCEs," that may apply to the acquisition and holding of the notes.
These class exemptions include, without limitation, PTCE 84-14 respecting transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers, PTCE 90-1 respecting insurance company pooled
separate accounts, PTCE 91-38 respecting bank collective investment funds, PTCE 95-60 respecting life insurance company general accounts and PTCE 96-23 respecting transactions determined
by in-house asset managers. In addition, Section 408(b)(17) of ERISA and Section 4975(d)(20) of the Code provide relief from the prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and
Section 4975 of the Code for certain transactions, provided that neither the issuer of the securities nor any of its affiliates (directly or indirectly) have or exercise any discretionary
authority or control or render any investment advice with respect to the assets of any Plan involved in the transaction and provided further that the Plan pays no more than adequate consideration in
connection with the
transaction. There can be no assurance that all of the conditions of any such exemptions will be satisfied.
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Because
of the foregoing, the notes should not be purchased or held by any person investing "plan assets" of any Plan, unless such purchase and holding will not constitute a non-exempt
prohibited transaction under ERISA and the Code or a similar violation of any applicable Similar Laws.
Representation
Accordingly, by acceptance of a Note, each purchaser and subsequent transferee of a Note will be deemed to have represented and warranted (in
both an individual and representative capacity, if any) that either (i) no portion of the assets used by such purchaser or transferee to acquire or hold the notes constitutes assets of any Plan
or (ii) the purchase and holding of the notes by such purchaser or transferee will not constitute a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of
the Code or a similar violation under any applicable Similar Laws.
The
foregoing discussion is general in nature and is not intended to be all inclusive, nor should it be construed as legal advice. Due to the complexity of these rules and the penalties
that may be imposed upon persons involved in non-exempt prohibited transactions, it is particularly important that fiduciaries or other persons considering purchasing the notes on behalf of, or with
the assets of, any Plan, consult with their counsel regarding the potential applicability of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code and any Similar Laws to such investment and whether an exemption
would be applicable to the purchase and holding of the notes. Further, this prospectus contains no recommendation as to the suitability of the notes (or an interest therein) as an investment by any
Plan under ERISA and any Similar Laws.
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UNDERWRITING
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC are acting as the
representatives of each of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in a firm commitment underwriting agreement among us and the underwriters, we have agreed to sell
to the underwriters, and each of the underwriters has agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase from us, the principal amount of notes set forth opposite its name below.
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriter
|
|
Principal
Amount of Notes
|
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated
|
|
|
|
|
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
J.P. Morgan Securities, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
Barclays Capital Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
BBVA Securities Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
RBC Capital Markets, LLC.
|
|
|
|
|
Capital One Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Scotia Capital (USA) Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Comerica Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
BOK Financial Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
|
|
|
|
|
Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co. Securities, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
500,000,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subject
to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement, the underwriters have agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase all of the notes sold under the
underwriting agreement if any of these notes are purchased. If an underwriter defaults, the underwriting agreement provides that the purchase commitments of the nondefaulting underwriters may be
increased or the underwriting agreement may be terminated.
We
have agreed to indemnify the underwriters and their controlling persons against certain liabilities in connection with this offering, including liabilities under the Securities Act,
or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
The
underwriters are offering the notes, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel, including the
validity of the notes, and other conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, such as the receipt by the underwriters of officer's certificates and legal opinions. The underwriters reserve the
right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part. The underwriters may offer and sell the notes through their affiliates.
Commissions and Discounts
The representatives have advised us that the underwriters propose initially to offer the notes to the public at the public offering price set
forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and to certain dealers at such price less a concession not in excess of % of the principal amount of the notes. After the initial
offering, the public offering price, concession or any other term of the offering may be changed.
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The
expenses of the offering, not including the underwriting discount, are estimated at $0.75 million and are payable by us.
We
expect that delivery of the Notes will be made to investors on or about , 2018, which will be the business day following the date of this prospectus supplement (such
settlement being referred to as "T+ "). Under Rule 15c6-1 under the Securities Exchange Act, trades in the secondary market are required to settle in two business days, unless the parties to any such
trade express agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade Notes prior to the delivery of the Notes hereunder will be required, by virtue of the fact that the Notes initially settle in
T+ , to specify an alternate settlement arrangement at the time of any such trade to prevent a failed settlement. Purchasers of the Notes who wish to trade the Notes prior to their date of delivery
hereunder should consult their advisors.
New Issue of Notes
The notes are a new issue of securities with no established trading market. We do not intend to apply for listing of the notes on any national
securities exchange or for inclusion of the notes on any automated dealer quotation system. We have been advised by the underwriters that they presently intend to make a market in the notes after
completion of the offering. However, they are under no obligation to do so and may discontinue any market-making activities at any time without any notice. We cannot assure the liquidity of the
trading market for the notes or that an active public market for the notes will develop. If an active public trading market for the notes does not develop, the market price and liquidity of the notes
may be adversely affected. If the notes are traded, they may
trade at a discount from their initial offering price, depending on prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities, our operating performance and financial condition, general economic
conditions and other factors.
No Sales of Similar Securities
We have agreed that we will not, for a period of 30 days after the date of this prospectus supplement, without first obtaining the prior
written consent of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated directly or indirectly, issue, sell, offer to contract or grant any option to sell, pledge, transfer or otherwise dispose
of, any debt securities or securities exchangeable for or convertible into debt securities, except for the notes sold to the underwriters pursuant to the underwriting agreement.
Short Positions
In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell the notes in the open market. These transactions may include short
sales and purchases on the open market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater principal amount of notes than they are required to
purchase in the offering. The underwriters must close out any short position by purchasing notes in the open market. A short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned
that there may be downward pressure on the price of the notes in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.
Similar
to other purchase transactions, the underwriters' purchases to cover the syndicate short sales may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of the notes or
preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the notes. As a result, the price of the notes may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market.
Neither
we nor any of the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price
of the notes. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation that the
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representatives
will engage in these transactions or that these transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
Other Relationships
Some of the underwriters and their affiliates have engaged in, and may in the future engage in, investment banking and other commercial
dealings in the ordinary course of business with us or our affiliates. They have received, or may in the future receive, customary fees and commissions for these transactions. Affiliates of certain of
the underwriters are lenders under our Credit Agreement, and an affiliate of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, one of the underwriters, serves as the administrative agent under our Credit Agreement.
An affiliate of U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc., one of the underwriters, is the trustee under the indenture.
In
addition, in the ordinary course of their business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity
securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers. Such investments and securities activities
may involve securities and/or instruments of ours or our affiliates. Certain of the underwriters or their affiliates that have a lending relationship with us routinely hedge, and certain of the
underwriters or their affiliates that have a lending relationship may hedge, their credit exposure to us consistent with their customary risk management policies. Typically, such underwriters and
their affiliates would hedge such exposure by entering into transactions which consist of either the purchase of credit default swaps or the creation of short positions in our securities, including
potentially the notes offered hereby. Any such short positions could adversely affect future trading prices of the notes offered hereby. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment
recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short
positions in such securities and instruments.
Certain
of the underwriters and/or their affiliates may hold 2022 Notes and/or 2023 Notes. To the extent the underwriters and/or their affiliates tender 2022 Notes or 2023 Notes in the
Tender Offer or have their 2022 Notes or 2023 Notes redeemed, they may receive a portion of the net proceeds from this offering. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated is acting as
the sole dealer manager and solicitation agent for the Tender Offer.
European Economic Area
The notes are not intended to be offered, sold or otherwise made available to and should not be offered, sold or otherwise made available to
any retail investor in the European Economic Area ("EEA"). For these purposes, a retail investor means a person who is one (or more) of: (i) a retail client as defined in point (11) of
Article 4(1) of Directive 2014/65/EU (as amended, "MiFID II"); or (ii) a customer within the meaning of Directive 2002/92/EC (as amended, the "Insurance Mediation Directive"), where that
customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of Article 4(1) of MiFID II; or (iii) not a qualified investor as defined in Directive 2003/71/EC (as
amended, the "Prospectus Directive"). Consequently no key information document required by Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 (as amended, the "PRIIPs Regulation") for offering or selling the notes or
otherwise making them available to retail investors in the EEA has been prepared and therefore offering or selling the notes or otherwise making them available to any retail investor in the EEA may be
unlawful under the PRIIPs Regulation. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus have been prepared on the basis that any offer of notes in any Member State of the EEA will be made
pursuant to an exemption under the Prospectus Directive from the requirement to publish a prospectus for offers of notes. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are not a
prospectus for the purposes of the Prospectus Directive.
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Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom
In addition, in the United Kingdom, this document is being distributed only to, and is directed only at, and any offer subsequently made may
only be directed at persons who are "qualified investors" (as defined in the Prospectus Directive) (i) who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within
Article 19 (5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended (the "Order") and/or (ii) who are high net worth companies (or persons
to whom it may otherwise be lawfully communicated) falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as "relevant persons"). This document
must not be acted on or relied on in the United Kingdom by persons who are not relevant persons. In the United Kingdom, any investment or investment activity to which this document relates is only
available to, and will be engaged in with, relevant persons.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland
This prospectus supplement does not constitute an issue prospectus pursuant to Article 652a or Article 1156 of the Swiss Code of
Obligations and the notes will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange. Therefore, this prospectus supplement may not comply with the disclosure standards of the listing rules (including any
additional listing rules or prospectus schemes) of the SIX Swiss Exchange. Accordingly, the notes may not be offered to the public in or from Switzerland, but only to a selected and limited circle of
investors who do not subscribe to the notes with a view to distribution. Any such investors will be individually approached by the underwriters from time to time.
Notice to Prospective Investors in the Dubai International Financial Centre
This prospectus supplement relates to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Offered Securities Rules of the Dubai Financial Services Authority
("DFSA"). This prospectus supplement is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the Offered Securities Rules of the DFSA. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any
other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus supplement nor taken steps to verify
the information set forth herein and has no responsibility for the prospectus supplement. The notes to which this prospectus supplement relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their
resale. Prospective purchasers of the notes offered should conduct their own due diligence on the notes. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus supplement you should consult an
authorized financial advisor.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan
The notes have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (Law No. 25 of 1948, as
amended) and, accordingly, will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan, or for the benefit of any Japanese Person or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in
Japan or to any Japanese Person, except in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines promulgated by relevant Japanese governmental or regulatory authorities in effect
at the relevant time. For the purposes of this paragraph, "Japanese Person" shall mean any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia
No placement document, prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document has been lodged with the Australian Securities and
Investments Commission ("ASIC"), in relation to the offering. This prospectus does not constitute a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act
2001 (the "Corporations Act"), and does not
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purport
to include the information required for a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act.
Any
offer in Australia of the notes may only be made to persons (the "Exempt Investors") who are "sophisticated investors" (within the meaning of section 708(8) of the
Corporations Act), "professional investors" (within the meaning of section 708(11) of the Corporations Act) or otherwise pursuant to one or more exemptions contained in section 708 of
the Corporations Act so that it is lawful to offer the notes without disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act.
The
notes applied for by Exempt Investors in Australia must not be offered for sale in Australia in the period of 12 months after the date of allotment under the offering, except
in circumstances where disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act would not be required pursuant to an exemption under section 708 of the Corporations Act or
otherwise or where the offer is pursuant to a disclosure document which complies with Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act. Any person acquiring shares must observe such Australian on-sale
restrictions.
This
prospectus contains general information only and does not take account of the investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs of any particular person. It does not
contain any securities recommendations or financial product advice. Before making an investment decision, investors need to consider whether the information in this prospectus is appropriate to their
needs, objectives and circumstances, and, if necessary, seek expert advice on those matters.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada
The notes may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in
National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103
Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the notes must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus
requirements of applicable securities laws.
Securities
legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus supplement (including any
amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of
the purchaser's province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser's province or territory for particulars of these rights or
consult with a legal advisor.
Pursuant
to section 3A.3 (or, in the case of securities issued or guaranteed by the government of a non-Canadian jurisdiction, section 3A.4) of National
Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of
interest in connection with this offering.
Hong Kong
The notes may not be offered or sold in Hong Kong by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an
offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32 of the Laws of Hong Kong) ("Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance") or which do not constitute an invitation to the public within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) ("Securities and Futures
Ordinance"), or (ii) to "professional investors" as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in
the document being a "prospectus" as defined in the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance, and no advertisement, invitation or
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document
relating to the notes may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents
of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to notes which are or are intended
to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to "professional investors" in Hong Kong as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance and any rules made thereunder.
Singapore
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus have not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore.
Accordingly, this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the notes
may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the notes be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in
Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor (as defined in Section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the "SFA")) under Section 274
of the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA,
and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the
SFA, in each case subject to conditions set forth in the SFA.
Where
the notes are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in
Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor, the
securities (as defined in Section 239(1) of the SFA) of that corporation shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation has acquired the notes under Section 275 of
the SFA except: (1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA), (2) where such transfer
arises from an offer in that corporation's securities pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, (3) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer, (4) where the
transfer is by operation of law, (5) as specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA, or (6) as specified in Regulation 32 of the Securities and Futures (Offers of Investments)
(Shares and Debentures) Regulations 2005 of Singapore ("Regulation 32").
Where
the notes are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor (as defined in
Section 4A of the SFA)) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an accredited investor, the beneficiaries' rights and interest (howsoever described) in
that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that trust has acquired the notes under Section 275 of the SFA except: (1) to an
institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA), (2) where such transfer arises from an offer that is made on
terms that such rights or interest are acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction (whether such amount is to be paid for in
cash or by exchange of securities or other assets), (3) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer, (4) where the transfer is by operation of law, (5) as
specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA, or (6) as specified in Regulation 32.
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LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the notes will be passed upon by Holland & Hart LLP, Denver, Colorado, and by Mayer
Brown LLP, New York, New York, as our counsel. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters by Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Dallas, Texas.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of SM Energy Company and subsidiaries in SM Energy Company's Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the
year ended December 31, 2017, and the effectiveness of SM Energy Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP,
independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated
herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
Certain
information with respect to our proved oil and gas reserves referred to and incorporated by reference herein is based in part upon the audit of our proved reserve estimates by
Ryder Scott Company, L.P., a firm of independent petroleum engineers. Such information is included and incorporated herein in reliance on the authority of such firms as experts in petroleum
engineering.
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GLOSSARY OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS TERMS
The oil and natural gas terms defined in this section are used in this prospectus supplement. The definitions of the terms field and proved
reserves have been abbreviated from the respective definitions under Rule 4-10(a) of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC. The entire definitions of those terms under
Rule 4-10(a) of Regulation S-X can be located through the SEC's website at
www.sec.gov
.
Bbl.
One stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in reference to oil or other
liquid hydrocarbons.
Bcf.
Billion cubic feet, used in reference to natural gas.
BOE.
Barrels of oil equivalent. Oil equivalents are determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural
gas to one Bbl of oil or NGLs.
BTU.
One British thermal unit, the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a
one-pound mass of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
Field.
An area consisting of a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs all grouped on or related to
the same individual geological structural
feature or stratigraphic condition.
MBbl. One thousand barrels of oil, NGLs, water, or other liquid hydrocarbons.
MBOE. One thousand barrels of oil equivalent.
Mcf. One thousand cubic feet, used in reference to natural gas.
MMBbl. One million barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
MMBOE. One million barrels of oil equivalent.
MMcf. One million cubic feet, used in reference to gas.
NGLs.
The combination of ethane, propane, butane, and natural gasolines that when removed from
natural gas become liquid under various levels of
higher pressure and lower temperature.
Proved reserves.
Those quantities of oil and gas, which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering
data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty
to be economically produciblefrom a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulationsprior to
the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used
for the estimation. Existing economic conditions include prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined, and the price to be used is the average price during the
12-month period prior to the ending date of the period covered by the report, determined as an unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within such period,
unless prices are defined by contractual arrangements, excluding escalations based upon future conditions.
PV-10.
The present value of estimated future gross revenue to be generated from the production of
estimated net proved reserves, net of estimated
production and future development costs, based on prices used in estimating the proved reserves and costs in effect as of the date indicated (unless such costs are subject to change pursuant to
contractual provisions), without giving effect to non-property related expenses such as general and administrative expenses, debt service, future income tax expenses, or depreciation, depletion, and
amortization, discounted using an annual discount rate of ten percent. While this measure does not include the effect of income taxes as it would in the use of the standardized measure of discounted
future net cash flows calculation, it does provide an indicative
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representation
of the relative value of the Company on a comparative basis to other companies and from period to period.
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows.
The discounted future net cash flows
relating to proved reserves based on prices used in
estimating the reserves, year-end costs, and statutory tax rates, and a ten percent annual discount rate. The information for this calculation is included in the note regarding disclosures about oil
and gas producing activities contained in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.
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PROSPECTUS
SM ENERGY COMPANY
COMMON STOCK AND
DEBT SECURITIES
By this prospectus, SM Energy Company may offer, from time to time, its common stock and debt securities. We will provide the specific terms of
any securities to be offered in a supplement to this prospectus, which may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any supplement
carefully before investing.
Our
common stock, par value $0.01 per share, is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol "SM." Each prospectus supplement will indicate if the securities offered
thereby will be listed on any securities exchange.
Investing in securities involves risks. You should carefully read the risk factors included in the applicable prospectus supplement and in our
periodic reports and other information filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission before investing in our securities. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page 4 of this prospectus for
information on certain risks related to the purchase of our securities.
We may offer and sell these securities from time to time in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions and other
factors at the time of our offerings. We may offer and sell these securities through agents, through underwriters or dealers or directly to one or more purchasers, including existing shareholders.
This prospectus provides you with a general description of these securities and the general manner in which we will offer the securities. Each time securities are offered, we will provide a prospectus
supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of our securities unless it is accompanied by the applicable
prospectus supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities, or determined if this
prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is August 6, 2018.
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of an "automatic shelf" registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, or SEC, as a "well-known seasoned issuer" as defined under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). Under the shelf registration process, we may, from time to time,
offer and sell in one or more offerings, the securities described in this prospectus.
This
prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell offered securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain
specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may include additional risk factors or other special considerations applicable to those securities. The prospectus
supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, you should
rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and
the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein carefully before making your investment decision. You should also read the documents we have referred you to under "Where You Can Find More
Information" herein for information about us, including our financial statements.
We
have not authorized any dealer, salesman or other person to give any information or to make any representation other than those contained or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. You must not rely upon any information or representation not contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or in any accompanying
prospectus supplement. This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the securities to
which they relate, nor do this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to
whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement is
accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of the document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the date of the
document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement is delivered or securities are sold on a later date.
Unless
the context otherwise indicates, the terms "SM Energy," "the Company," "we," "us" and "our" in this prospectus mean SM Energy Company, a Delaware corporation, and its
subsidiaries.
SM ENERGY COMPANY
We are an independent energy company engaged in the acquisition, exploration, development, and production of crude oil and condensate, natural
gas, and NGLs in onshore North America. We currently have material core producing assets and acreage positions in the Midland Basin and Eagle Ford shale in Texas. During 2016 and 2017, and continuing
through 2018, we made several proved and unproved property acquisitions and acreage trades in the Midland Basin, while divesting non-core assets in other areas. By actively managing our asset
portfolio in this way, we are seeking to concentrate our investments in areas with the highest economic returns and provide value through accelerated development activity.
Our
strategic objective is to be a premier operator of top tier assets. We seek to maximize the value of our assets by applying industry leading technology and outstanding operational
execution. Our portfolio is comprised of unconventional resource prospects with expanding prospective drilling opportunities, which we believe provide for long-term production and reserves growth. We
focus on achieving high full-cycle economic returns on our investments and maintaining a strong balance sheet.
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Corporate Information
We were founded in 1908 and incorporated in Delaware in 1915. Our initial public offering of common stock was in December 1992. Our common stock
trades on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") under the ticker symbol "SM." Our principal offices are located at 1775 Sherman Street, Suite 1200, Denver, Colorado 80203, and our telephone
number is (303) 861-8140. Our website address is www.sm-energy.com; information included or referred to on our website is not part of this prospectus supplement.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Securities Exchange Act"). All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this prospectus that address activities, events,
or developments with respect to our financial condition, results of operations, or economic performance that we expect, believe, or anticipate will or may occur in the future, or that address plans
and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words "anticipate," "assume," "believe," "budget," "estimate," "expect," "forecast," "intend," "plan,"
"project," "will," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements appear throughout this prospectus, and include statements about such matters
as:
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the amount and nature of future capital expenditures and the availability of liquidity and capital resources to fund capital expenditures;
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our outlook on future oil, gas, and NGL prices, well costs, and service costs;
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the drilling of wells and other exploration and development activities and plans, as well as possible acquisitions or divestitures;
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the possible divestiture or farm-down of, or joint venture relating to, certain properties;
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proved reserve estimates and the estimates of both future net revenues and the present value of future net revenues associated with those
proved reserve estimates;
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future oil, gas, and NGL production estimates;
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cash flows, anticipated liquidity, and the future repayment of debt;
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business strategies and other plans and objectives for future operations, including plans for expansion and growth of operations or to defer
capital investment, and our outlook on our future financial condition or results of operations; and
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other similar matters such as those discussed in the "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"
section in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 (our "2017 Form 10-K").
Our
forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future
developments, and other factors that we believe are appropriate under the circumstances. These statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which may cause our
actual results and performance to be materially different from any future results or performance expressed or implied by
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the
forward-looking statements. Some of these risks are described in the
Risk Factors
section in Part I, Item 1A of our 2017
Form 10-K, and include such factors as:
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the volatility of oil, gas, and NGL prices, and the effect it may have on our profitability, financial condition, cash flows, access to
capital, and ability to grow production volumes and/or proved reserves;
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weakness in economic conditions and uncertainty in financial markets;
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our ability to replace reserves in order to sustain production;
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our ability to raise the substantial amount of capital required to develop and/or replace our reserves;
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our ability to compete against competitors that have greater financial, technical, and human resources;
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our ability to attract and retain key personnel;
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the imprecise estimations of our actual quantities and present value of proved oil, gas, and NGL reserves;
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the uncertainty in evaluating recoverable reserves and estimating expected benefits or liabilities;
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the possibility that exploration and development drilling may not result in commercially producible reserves;
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our limited control over activities on outside-operated properties;
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our reliance on the skill, availability and expertise of third-party service providers on our operated properties;
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the possibility that title to properties in which we claim an interest may be defective;
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our planned drilling in existing or emerging resource plays using some of the latest available horizontal drilling and completion techniques is
subject to drilling and completion risks and may not meet our expectations for reserves or production;
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the uncertainties associated with acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, farm-downs, farm-outs and similar transactions with respect to
certain assets, including whether such transactions will be consummated or completed in the form or timing and for the value that we anticipate;
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the uncertainties associated with enhanced recovery methods;
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our commodity derivative contracts may result in financial losses or may limit the prices we receive for oil, gas, and NGL sales;
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the inability of one or more of our service providers, customers, or contractual counterparties to meet their obligations;
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our ability to deliver required quantities of oil, gas, NGLs, or produced water to contractual counterparties;
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price declines or unsuccessful exploration or delineation efforts resulting in write-downs of our asset carrying values;
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the impact that depressed oil, gas, or NGL prices could have on our borrowing capacity under our credit agreement;
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the possibility our amount of debt may limit our ability to obtain financing for acquisitions, make us more vulnerable to adverse economic
conditions, and make it more difficult for us to make payments on our debt;
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the possibility that covenants in our credit agreement or the indentures and supplemental indentures (referred to together in this prospectus
as "indentures") governing our senior notes and senior convertible notes may limit our discretion in the operation of our business, prohibit us from engaging in beneficial transactions or lead to the
accelerated payment of our debt;
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operating and environmental risks and hazards that could result in substantial losses;
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the impact of seasonal weather conditions and lease stipulations on our ability to conduct drilling activities;
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our ability to acquire adequate supplies of water and dispose of or recycle water we use at a reasonable cost in accordance with environmental
and other applicable rules;
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complex laws and regulations, including environmental regulations, that result in substantial costs and other risks;
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the availability and capacity of gathering, transportation, processing, and/or refining facilities;
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our ability to sell and/or receive market prices for our oil, gas, and NGLs;
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new technologies may cause our current exploration and drilling methods to become obsolete;
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the possibility of security threats, including terrorist attacks and cybersecurity attacks and breaches, against, or otherwise impacting, our
facilities and systems; and
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litigation, environmental matters, the potential impact of legislation and government regulations, and the use of management estimates
regarding such matters.
We
caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results or performance may be materially different from those expressed or implied in
the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements in this prospectus speak as of the filing date of this prospectus. Although we may from time to time voluntarily update our prior
forward-looking statements, we disclaim any commitment to do so except as required by securities laws.
RISK FACTORS
An investment in our securities involves a significant degree of risk. Before you invest in our securities you should carefully consider those
risk factors included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, any subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and any subsequently filed Current Reports on Form 8-K,
which are incorporated herein by reference, and those risk factors that may be included in any applicable prospectus supplement, together with all of the other information included in this prospectus,
any prospectus supplement and the documents we incorporate by reference, in evaluating an investment in our securities. If any of these risks were actually to occur, our business, financial condition
or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also significantly impair our business
operations and financial condition. Please read the information under the caption "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."
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RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
Our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for each of the periods indicated is as follows:
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Six
Months
Ended
June 30,
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Year Ended December 31,
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2018
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2017
(2)
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2016
(2)
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2015
(2)
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2014
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2013
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Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
(1)
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5.4x
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10.0x
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3.7x
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(1)
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The
ratio of earnings to fixed charges has been computed by dividing earnings available for fixed charges (earnings from continuing operations before
income taxes plus fixed charges and amortization of capitalized interest, less capitalized interest) by fixed charges (interest expense, plus capitalized interest plus our estimate of the interest
component of rental expense).
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(2)
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Earnings
were inadequate to cover fixed charges for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 by a deficiency of $344.8 million,
$1.2 billion and $738.8 million, respectively.
USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise indicated in an accompanying prospectus supplement, we expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered
by this prospectus for general corporate purposes, which may include, among other things:
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the repayment of outstanding indebtedness;
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working capital;
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capital expenditures; and
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acquisitions.
The
precise amount and timing of the application of such proceeds will depend upon our funding requirements and the availability and cost of other funds.
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
General
Our authorized capital stock consists of 200,000,000 shares of capital stock, par value $0.01 per share. As of August 2, 2018, there were
112,137,582 shares of common stock outstanding and no shares of our preferred stock outstanding.
Common Stock
Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held in the election of directors and on all other matters submitted to a
vote of stockholders and do not have cumulative voting rights. Holders of a majority of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all of the directors
standing for election.
Holders
of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor. Upon the
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably the net assets of the Company available after payment of all debts and other
liabilities. Holders of common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. The outstanding shares of our common stock are, and the shares of our common stock offered by
the Company in this offering will be, when issued and paid for, fully paid and non-assessable.
Delaware
corporate law and the Company's certificate of incorporation and by-laws contain provisions that may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of the Company
or its management. These provisions, among other things, provide for non-cumulative voting in the election of members of the Board of Directors and impose procedural requirements on stockholders who
wish to make nominations for the election of directors or propose other actions at stockholder meetings.
The
Company's certificate of incorporation provides that authorized but unissued shares of common stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval, subject to various
limitations imposed by the New York Stock Exchange (or NYSE). These additional shares may be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional
capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of common stock could make it more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of
the Company by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.
In
addition, the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL"), which applies to the Company as a corporation organized in the State of Delaware, imposes restrictions on
business combinations with interested parties. Section 203 of the DGCL, an anti-takeover law, prevents Delaware corporations under certain circumstances from engaging in a "business
combination" with an "interested stockholder" (generally, a holder of 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation). A "business combination" includes a merger or sale of 10% or more
of a company's assets. However, the provisions of Section 203 do not apply if (1) the board of directors approves the transaction; (2) after the completion of the transaction that
resulted in the stockholder becoming an "interested stockholder," that stockholder owned at least 85% of the company's voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding shares
owned by officers and directors and certain employee benefit plans; or (3) on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and
authorized at a meeting of stockholders by an affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the "interested stockholder." These provisions of Delaware law and
our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of the Company, even if the change in control might be beneficial to Company
stockholders.
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Our
certificate of incorporation provides that our directors will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director,
except for liability (1) for any breach of a director's duty of loyalty to the Company or its stockholders, (2) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional
misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (3) under Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or (4) for any transaction from which the director derives an improper
personal benefit. If the Delaware General Corporation Law is amended to authorize the further elimination or limitation of directors' liability, then the liability of our directors will automatically
be limited to the fullest extent provided by law. Our certificate of incorporation and by-laws also contain provisions to indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the
Delaware General Corporation Law. These provisions and agreements may have the practical effect
in certain cases of eliminating the ability of stockholders to collect monetary damages from our directors and officers. We believe that these the provisions in our certificate of incorporation and
by-laws are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors and officers.
Transfer agent and registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Trust Company N.A.
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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
The following description of the debt securities sets forth certain general terms and provisions of the debt securities to which this prospectus
and any prospectus supplement may relate. The particular terms of any series of debt securities and the extent to which the general provisions may apply to a particular series of debt securities will
be described in a prospectus supplement relating to that series. References in this section to "SM Energy" mean SM Energy Company and not its subsidiaries.
Any
debt securities offered by this prospectus will be issued under an indenture (the "indenture") between SM Energy and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, which is incorporated
by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. We have summarized selected provisions of the indenture below. You should read the indenture for
provisions that may be important to you.
Because
we have included only a summary of the indenture terms, you must read the indenture in full to understand every detail of the terms of the debt securities.
The
indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities we may issue under it, and provides that additional debt securities of any series may be issued up to the aggregate principal
amount that we authorize from time to time.
Unless
otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will issue the debt securities in denominations of $2,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.
Principal
and any premium and interest in respect of the debt securities will be payable, and the debt securities will be transferable, at the corporate trust office of the trustee,
unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. At our option, however, we may pay interest by mailing checks to the registered holders of the debt securities at their registered
addresses.
We
will describe any special U.S. federal income tax and other considerations relating to the debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.
General
The indenture provides that SM Energy may issue separate series of debt securities under the indenture from time to time without limitation as
to aggregate principal amount. We may specify a maximum aggregate principal amount for the debt securities of any series. We will determine the terms and conditions of the debt securities, including
the maturity, principal and interest, but those terms must be consistent with the indenture. The debt securities will be unsecured obligations of SM Energy.
The
prospectus supplement relating to the particular series of debt securities being offered will specify the amounts, prices and terms of those debt securities. These terms may
include:
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the title of the debt securities;
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the designation, aggregate principal amount and authorized denominations of the debt securities;
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the percentage of the principal amount at which the debt securities will be issued;
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the date on which the principal and premium, if any, of the debt securities will be payable;
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whether any subsidiary guarantor will guarantee the debt securities;
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the annual rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method of determining the rate or rates at which the debt securities will bear
any interest;
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the date or dates from which any interest will accrue and the date or dates on which such interest will be payable;
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the specified currency of the debt securities;
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a description of any provisions providing for redemption of the debt securities at our option, at the holders' option or otherwise, and the
terms and provisions of such a redemption;
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any events of default or covenants of SM Energy with respect to the debt securities of a certain series that are different from those described
in this prospectus;
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whether and under what circumstances any covenants in the indenture will be subject to either or both covenant defeasance and legal defeasance
with respect to the debt securities;
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any index or other method used to determine the amount of payments of principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities;
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if applicable, that the debt securities will be issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more global securities and, in such case,
the name of the respective depositaries for such global securities, the form of any legend or legends which will be borne by any such global security in addition to or in lieu of those set forth in
the indenture and any circumstances in addition to or in lieu of those set forth in the indenture in which any such global security may be exchanged in whole or in part for debt securities registered,
and any transfer of such global security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name or names of persons other than the depositary for such global security or a nominee thereof; and
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any other specific terms of the debt securities.
We
are not obligated to issue all debt securities of any one series at the same time. The debt securities of any one series may not bear interest at the same rate or mature on the same
date.
If
we sell any of the debt securities for foreign currencies or foreign currency units or if the principal of, or any premium or interest on, any series of debt securities is payable in
foreign currencies or foreign currency units, we will describe the restrictions, elections, tax consequences, specific terms and other information with respect to those debt securities in the
applicable prospectus supplement.
SM
Energy's obligation to pay the principal of, and any premium and interest on, its senior debt securities will be unsecured and, unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus
supplement, will rank equally with all of SM Energy's other unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness.
Interest Rates and Discounts
The debt securities will earn interest at a fixed or floating rate or rates for the period or periods of time specified in the applicable
prospectus supplement. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will bear interest on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
We
may sell debt securities at a substantial discount below their stated principal amount, bearing no interest or interest at a rate that at the time of issuance is below market rates.
We will describe the federal income tax consequences and special considerations that apply to those debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Exchange, Registration and Transfer
Unless otherwise specified, debt securities of any series will be exchangeable for other debt securities of the same series and of like
aggregate principal amount and tenor in different authorized denominations.
You
may present debt securities for registration of transfer, together with a duly executed form of transfer, at the office of the transfer agent designated by us for that purpose with
respect to any series
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of
debt securities and referred to in the applicable prospectus supplement. This may be done without service charge but upon payment of any taxes and other governmental charges as described in the
indenture. The security registrar or the transfer agent will effect the transfer or exchange upon being satisfied with the documents of title and identity of the person making the request. We may at
any time designate additional transfer agents with respect to any series of debt securities.
In
the event of any redemption, we will not be required to:
-
-
exchange or register the transfer of debt securities of any series during a period beginning 15 days before any selection of debt
securities of that series to be redeemed and ending at the close of business on the day of mailing of the relevant notice of redemption; or
-
-
exchange or register the transfer of any debt securities, or portion thereof, selected, called or being called for redemption in whole or in
part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt security being redeemed in part.
Payment and Paying Agents
Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will pay the principal of, and any premium and interest on, the debt
securities at the office of the paying agent or paying agents that we designate at various times. At our option, we may, however, make interest payments by check mailed to the address, as it appears
in the security register, of the person entitled to the payments. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the Corporate Trust Office of the trustee in Denver, Colorado,
will be designated as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities that are issuable solely as registered securities.
All
monies we pay to a paying agent for the payment of principal of, and any premium and interest on, any debt security that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after becoming due
and payable will
be repaid to us. After that time, the holder of the debt security will look only to us for payments out of those repaid amounts.
Global Securities
Some or all of the debt securities of any series may be represented, in whole or in part, by one or more global securities that will have an
aggregate principal amount equal to that of the debt securities they represent. Each global security will be registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee identified in the applicable
prospectus supplement, will be deposited with such depositary or nominee or its custodian and will bear a legend regarding the restrictions on exchanges and registration of transfer thereof referred
to below and any such other matters as may be provided for pursuant to the indenture.
Events of Default
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, any one of the following events will constitute an "event of default" under
the indenture with respect to the debt securities of any series issued under the indenture:
-
-
any failure by us to pay any interest on any debt security of that series when due that continues for 30 days;
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-
any failure by us to pay principal of, or any premium on, the debt securities of that series when due and payable, either at maturity, upon
redemption, or otherwise;
-
-
any failure by us to perform any of our other covenants or agreements in the indenture that continues for 60 days (or, with respect to
our agreement to file certain reports with the trustee,
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If
we fail to pay the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities of any series or we fail to perform or breach any of the other covenants or agreements
applicable to the debt securities of that series, and such event of default is continuing, the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that
series (or with respect to covenant and warranty defaults, the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series) may declare the
principal of the debt securities of that series to be due and payable immediately. If an event of default occurs involving certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, and the event of
default is continuing, then the principal amount of all of the debt securities of such series then outstanding under the indenture will become due and payable immediately, without notice or other
action by any holder or the trustee, to the full extent permitted by law. At any time after a declaration of acceleration has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of money has been
obtained by the trustee, the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of any series may rescind and annul any declaration of acceleration or automatic
acceleration with respect to such series of debt securities if we deposit with the trustee an amount sufficient to pay all overdue interest on the debt securities of that series, the principal of and
premium, if any, on the debt securities of that series that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration or automatic acceleration, and all amounts due to
the trustee and if all other events of default with respect to the debt securities of that series that have become due solely by such acceleration have been cured or waived.
Within
90 days after the occurrence of any event of default under the indenture with respect to the debt securities of any series issued under the indenture, the trustee must
transmit notice of the event of default to the holders of the debt securities of that series unless the event of default has been cured or waived during that 90 day period. The trustee may
withhold the notice, however, except in the case of a payment default, if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee, or a trust committee of directors or responsible officers of
the trustee has in good faith determined that the withholding of the notice is in the interest of the holders of debt securities of that series.
If
an event of default occurs and is continuing with respect to the debt securities of any series, the trustee may, and if (i) a payment default or insolvency, bankruptcy or
reorganization default occurs and is continuing with respect to the debt securities of such series, and holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of
that series, or (ii) a default relating to any failure by us to perform our covenants or agreements applicable to the debt securities of such series occurs and is continuing, and holders of not
less than a majority, in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding series, directs, so long as such holders shall have provided the trustee with such indemnity as it shall require, the trustee
must proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the holders of the debt securities of such series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the trustee shall deem most effectual to
protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in the indenture or the debt securities of such series or in aid of the exercise of any power
granted in the indenture or the debt securities of such series, or to enforce any other proper remedy.
If
an event of default occurs and is continuing with respect to the debt securities of any series, the trustee may, in its discretion, proceed to protect and enforce its rights under the
indenture by all appropriate judicial proceedings.
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Subject
to the duty of the trustee during any default to act with the required standard of care, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the
indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of debt securities issued under the indenture, unless the holders offer the trustee security and indemnity satisfactory to the trustee.
Subject to indemnifying the trustee, and subject to applicable law and certain other provisions of the indenture, the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
outstanding debt securities of a series issued under the indenture may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust
or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series.
Defeasance
Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, any debt securities will be deemed to have been paid for purposes of the
indenture, and our entire indebtedness with respect to the debt securities will be deemed to have been satisfied and discharged, if we have irrevocably deposited with the trustee, in trust for the
benefit of the holders of the debt securities, money, certain eligible government obligations (as defined in the indenture), or a combination of the two, sufficient to pay principal of and any premium
and interest due and to become due on the debt securities, and have met certain other conditions set forth in the indenture.
In
addition, unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, we shall be released from our obligations under certain covenants set forth in the indenture (or certain
additional covenants applicable to a particular series of debt securities) if we have irrevocably deposited with the trustee, in trust for the benefit of the holders of the debt securities, money,
certain government obligations (as defined in the indenture), or a combination of the two, sufficient to pay principal of and any premium and interest due and to become due on the debt securities, and
have met certain other conditions set forth in the indenture.
Modification and Waiver
The trustee and SM Energy may, without the consent of holders, enter into a new indenture or supplemental indenture for the purpose of modifying
provisions of the indenture, including, among other things, curing ambiguities and maintaining the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, and making changes
that do not adversely affect the rights of holders of any outstanding debt securities in any material respect. The trustee and SM Energy may enter into a new indenture or supplemental indenture with
the consent of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of each series issued under the indenture affected by the modification made in such new
indenture or supplemental indenture, except that such supplemental indenture may not contain modifications that would affect a holder of a debt securities affected thereby, without the consent of each
holder of each debt security of the series affected thereby if the modification or waiver would:
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-
change the stated maturity of the principal of, or a scheduled date for the payment of any interest on, any such debt security;
-
-
reduce the principal amount of, or rate of interest on, or any premium payable on, the redemption of, any such debt security;
-
-
change the specified currency in which the principal of any such debt security or any premium or any interest on that debt security is payable;
-
-
impair or affect the right of any holder of such debt security to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment of principal, premium, or
interest on or with respect to any such security on or after the date that such payment has become due and payable;
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-
-
with respect to any such series of debt securities the terms of which provide for the making and consummation of an offer to repurchase such
debt securities in connection with a change of control (as defined in such terms), amend, change or modify our obligation to make and consummate such offer to repurchase after the related change of
control has occurred, including amending, changing or modifying any definition relating thereto; or
-
-
reduce the percentage and principal amount of such outstanding debt securities, the consent of the holders of which is required for any such
supplemental indenture, or the consent of which is required for any waiver of certain defaults under the indenture and their consequences provided for in the indenture, or reduce the requirements of
such debts securities for quorum or voting under the indenture.
.
The holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of debt securities of any series issued under the indenture may, on behalf of all holders of debt securities of
that series, by notice to the trustee, waive any past or existing default or event of default and its consequences under the indenture with respect to the debt securities of that series, other
than:
-
-
a continuing payment default with respect to debt securities of that series; or
-
-
a continuing default of a covenant or provision of the indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each
debt security of that series.
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
We may not consolidate with or merge with or into, or sell, assign, transfer, lease or convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all
of our assets and properties and the assets and properties or our subsidiaries (taken as a whole) in one or more related transactions to any person (as defined in the indenture)
unless:
-
-
either (a) SM Energy is the surviving entity or (b) the entity formed by or surviving the consolidation or merger (if other than
us), or the person or entity that acquires by sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition, substantially all of our properties and assets is organized or existing under the laws
of the United States, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia;
-
-
the entity formed by or surviving the consolidation or merger (if other than us), or the person or entity that acquires by sale, assignment,
transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition, substantially all of our properties and assets expressly assumes the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and any premium and interest on,
and every other obligation under, the debt securities and the indenture; and
-
-
immediately after the transaction becomes effective, no event of default, and no event that, after notice or lapse of time, or both, would
become an event of default, will have occurred and be continuing.
Governing Law
The indenture is, and the debt securities will be, governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. The
indenture is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act that are required to be part of the indenture and will, to the extent applicable, be governed by those provisions.
The Trustee
We may appoint a separate trustee for any series of debt securities. In the description of a series of debt securities, the term "trustee"
refers to the trustee appointed with respect to such series of debt securities. The trustee may be a depository for funds and perform other services for, and may transact other banking business with,
SM Energy and its subsidiaries in the normal course of business.
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BOOK-ENTRY SECURITIES
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will issue securities, other than our common stock, to investors in the
form of one or more book-entry certificates registered in the name of a depository or a nominee of a depository. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the depository will
be DTC. We have been informed by DTC that its nominee will be Cede & Co., or Cede. Accordingly, Cede is expected to be the initial registered holder of all securities that are issued in
book-entry form.
No
person that acquires a beneficial interest in securities issued in book-entry form will be entitled to receive a certificate representing those securities, except as set forth in this
prospectus or in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless and until definitive securities are issued under the limited circumstances described below, all references to actions by holders or
beneficial owners of securities issued in book-entry form will refer to actions taken by DTC upon instructions from its participants,
and all references to payments and notices to holders or beneficial owners will refer to payments and notices to DTC or Cede, as the registered holder of such securities.
DTC
has informed us that it is:
-
-
a limited-purpose trust company organized under New York banking laws;
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-
a "banking organization" within the meaning of the New York banking laws;
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-
a member of the Federal Reserve System;
-
-
a "clearing corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code; and
-
-
a "clearing agency" registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
DTC
has also informed us that it was created to:
-
-
hold securities for "participants" and
-
-
facilitate the computerized settlement of securities transactions among participants through computerized electronic book-entry changes in
participants' accounts, thereby eliminating the need for the physical movement of securities certificates.
Participants
have accounts with DTC and include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations. Indirect access to the DTC system also is available to
indirect participants such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a participant, either directly or indirectly.
Persons
that are not participants or indirect participants but desire to buy, sell or otherwise transfer ownership of or interests in securities may do so only through participants and
indirect participants. Under the book-entry system, beneficial owners may experience some delay in receiving payments, as payments will be forwarded by our agent to Cede, as nominee for DTC. These
payments will be forwarded to DTC's participants, which thereafter will forward them to indirect participants or beneficial owners. Beneficial owners will not be recognized by the applicable
registrar, transfer agent, trustee or depositary as registered holders of the securities entitled to the benefits of the certificate, the indenture or any deposit agreement. Beneficial owners that are
not participants will be permitted to exercise their rights as an owner only indirectly through participants and, if applicable, indirect participants.
Under
the current rules and regulations affecting DTC, DTC will be required to make book-entry transfers of securities among participants and to receive and transmit payments to
participants. Participants and indirect participants with whom beneficial owners of securities have accounts are also required by these rules to make book-entry transfers and receive and transmit such
payments on behalf of their respective account holders.
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Because
DTC can act only on behalf of participants, who in turn act only on behalf of other participants or indirect participants, and on behalf of certain banks, trust companies and
other persons approved by it, the ability of a beneficial owner of securities issued in book-entry form to pledge those securities to persons or entities that do not participate in the DTC system may
be limited due to the unavailability of physical certificates for the securities.
DTC
has advised us that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a registered holder of any securities under the certificate, the indenture or any deposit agreement only at the
direction of one or more participants to whose accounts with DTC the securities are credited.
According
to DTC, it has provided information with respect to DTC to its participants and other members of the financial community for informational purposes only and is not intended to
serve as a representation, warranty or contract modification of any kind.
Unless
otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, a book-entry security will be exchangeable for definitive securities registered in the names of persons other than DTC
or its nominee only if:
-
-
DTC notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depository for the book-entry security or DTC ceases to be a clearing agency
registered under the Securities Exchange Act at a time when DTC is required to be so registered; or
-
-
we execute and deliver to the applicable registrar, transfer agent, trustee and/or depositary an order complying with the requirements of the
certificate, the indenture or any deposit agreement that the book-entry security will be so exchangeable.
Any
book-entry security that is exchangeable in accordance with the preceding sentence will be exchangeable for securities registered in such names as DTC directs.
If
one of the events described in the immediately preceding paragraph occurs, DTC is generally required to notify all participants of the availability through DTC of definitive
securities. Upon surrender by DTC of the book-entry security representing the securities and delivery of instructions for re-registration, the registrar, transfer agent, trustee or depositary, as the
case may be, will reissue the securities as definitive securities. After reissuance of the securities, such persons will recognize the beneficial owners of such definitive securities as registered
holders of securities.
Except
as described above:
-
-
a book-entry security may not be transferred except as a whole book-entry security by or among DTC, a nominee of DTC and/or a successor
depository appointed by us; and
-
-
DTC may not sell, assign or otherwise transfer any beneficial interest in a book-entry security unless the beneficial interest is in an amount
equal to an authorized denomination for the securities evidenced by the book-entry security.
None
of SM Energy, the trustee, any registrar and transfer agent or any depository, or any agent of any of them, will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of DTC's or any
participant's records relating to, or for payments made on account of, beneficial interests in a book-entry security.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the securities pursuant to this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement:
-
-
through agents;
-
-
through underwriters or dealers;
-
-
directly to one or more purchasers, including existing shareholders; or
-
-
any combination of the foregoing methods.
We
will prepare a prospectus supplement for each offering that will disclose the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or agents, the purchase
price of the securities and the proceeds to us from the sale, any underwriting discounts and other items constituting compensation to underwriters, dealers or agents and any delayed delivery
arrangements.
The
distribution of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at prices related
to such prevailing market prices at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices.
By Agents
Securities offered by us pursuant to this prospectus may be sold through agents designated by us. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus
supplement, any such agent is acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment.
By Underwriters or Dealers
If underwriters are used in the sale, the offered securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account. The underwriters may
resell the securities in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The obligations of the
underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the underwriters must purchase all the securities of the series
offered by a prospectus supplement if any of the securities are purchased. Any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers may be changed
from time to time.
Direct Sales
Securities offered by us pursuant to this prospectus may also be sold directly by us. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved.
We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act, with respect to any sale of those securities. We
will describe the terms of any such sales in the prospectus supplement.
Delayed Delivery Arrangements
We may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers by certain institutional investors to purchase offered securities providing
for payment and delivery on a future date specified in the prospectus supplement. Institutional investors to which such offers may be made, when authorized, include commercial and savings banks,
insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, education and charitable institutions and such other institutions as may be approved by us. The obligations of any such purchasers under such
delayed delivery and payment arrangements will be subject to the condition that the purchase of the offered securities will not at the time of delivery be
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prohibited
under applicable law. The underwriters and such agents will not have any responsibility with respect to the validity or performance of such contracts.
General Information
Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of the offered securities may be underwriters as defined in the Securities
Act, and any discounts or commissions
received by them from us and any profit on the resale of the offered securities by them may be treated as underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Any underwriters or agents
will be identified and their compensation described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
The
securities (other than common stock) offered by this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, when first issued, will have no established trading market. Any underwriters or agents
to or through whom such securities are sold by us for public offering and sale may make a market in such securities, but such underwriters or agents will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue
any market making at any time without notice. We cannot assure you as to the liquidity of the trading market for any such securities.
We
may have agreements with the underwriters, dealers and agents to indemnify them against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute
with respect to payments that the underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make.
Underwriters,
dealers and agents may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us or our subsidiaries in the ordinary course of their businesses.
In
connection with offerings of securities under the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and in compliance with applicable law, underwriters, brokers or
dealers may engage in transactions that stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at levels above those that might otherwise prevail in the open market. Specifically, underwriters,
brokers or dealers may over-allot in connection with offerings, creating a short position in the securities for their own accounts. For the purpose of covering a syndicate short position or
stabilizing the price of the securities, the underwriters, brokers or dealers may place bids for the securities or effect purchases of the securities in the open market. Finally, the underwriters may
impose a penalty whereby selling concessions allowed to syndicate members or other brokers or dealers for distribution of the securities in offerings may be reclaimed by the syndicate if the syndicate
repurchases previously distributed securities in transactions to cover short positions, in stabilization transactions or otherwise. These activities may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the
market price of the securities, which may be higher than the price that might otherwise prevail in the open market, and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the securities will be passed upon for us by Holland & Hart LLP and Mayer
Brown LLP and for any underwriters by legal counsel named in the prospectus supplement.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of SM Energy Company and subsidiaries in SM Energy Company's Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year
ended December 31, 2017, and the effectiveness of SM Energy Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP,
independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated
herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
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Certain
information with respect to our proved oil and gas reserves referred to and incorporated by reference herein is based in part upon the audit of our proved reserve estimates by
Ryder Scott Company, L.P., a firm of independent petroleum engineers. Such information is included and incorporated herein in reliance on the authority of such firm as experts in petroleum
engineering.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act, and we file annual, quarterly and other reports and other
information with the SEC. You may read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the SEC's public reference room at 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549-2521. Please call 1-800-732-0330
for further information concerning the operation of the public reference room. Our SEC filings are also available on the SEC's web site at
http://www.sec.gov.
Unless specifically listed under
"Incorporation by Reference" below, the information contained on the SEC web site is not intended
to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus and you should not consider that information a part of this prospectus.
Our
common stock is listed and traded on NYSE. Our reports, proxy statements and other information filed with the SEC can also be inspected and copied at the NYSE, 20 Broad Street,
New York, New York 10005.
We
make available free of charge on or through our Internet website,
http://www.sm-energy.com
, our Annual Report on Form 10-K,
Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act as
soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Information contained on our Internet website is not part of this prospectus and does not
constitute a part of this prospectus.
This
prospectus incorporates important business and financial information about us that is not included in or delivered with this prospectus. We will provide this information and any and
all of the documents referred to herein, including the indenture for the notes, which is summarized in this prospectus, without charge to each person to whom a copy of this prospectus has been
delivered, who makes a written or oral request at the following address or telephone number:
Investor
Relations
SM Energy Company
1775 Sherman Street, Suite 1200
Denver, Colorado 80203
(303) 861-8140
information@sm-energy.com
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
We "incorporate by reference" in this prospectus certain documents that we have previously filed with the SEC. This means that we are disclosing
important information to you without actually including that information in this prospectus by referring you to other documents that we have filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated
by reference is an important part of this prospectus. Information that we later provide to the SEC, and which is deemed "filed" with the SEC, will automatically update information that we previously
filed with the SEC, and may replace information in this prospectus and information that we previously filed with the SEC. We incorporate by reference the following documents in this prospectus, which
you should review in connection with this prospectus:
-
-
our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, filed with the SEC on February 21, 2018;
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-
-
our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on May 4, 2018, and for the
period ended June 30, 2018, filed with the SEC on August 2, 2018;
-
-
our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 11, 2018, May 29, 2018, and May 31, 2018, and
June 19, 2018 excluding any information furnished pursuant to Item 2.02, Item 7.01 or Item 9.01 on any Current Report on Form 8-K; and
-
-
the description of our common stock contained in our Form 8-A/A (File No. 001-31539) filed with the SEC on August 8, 2016,
including any amendment to that form that we may file in the future for the purpose of updating the description of our common stock.
We
also incorporate by reference each of the documents that we file with the SEC (excluding any portion of those filings furnished under Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or
other information furnished to the SEC) under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act on or after this registration statement. Any statements made in such documents
will automatically update and supersede the information contained in this prospectus, and any statements made in this prospectus update and supersede the information contained in past SEC filings
incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
You
should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement, or any free writing prospectus we may authorize
to be delivered to you. You should not assume that the information incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectus is
accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of each document.
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$500,000,000
SM Energy Company
% Senior Notes due 2027
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
BofA Merrill Lynch
Wells Fargo Securities
J.P. Morgan
Barclays
BBVA
RBC Capital Markets
Capital One Securities
Scotiabank
Comerica Securities
BOK Financial Securities, Inc.
KeyBanc Capital Markets
US Bancorp
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co.
, 2018
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