By Eric Morath and Hannah Lang
The U.S. economy is set up for a stronger recovery this spring
after a February surge in hiring at restaurants and other
hospitality businesses created the best monthly job growth since
last fall.
Employers added 379,000 jobs in February and January gains were
revised higher to 166,000 jobs, the Labor Department said Friday.
The pickup comes after employers cut jobs late last year.
The unemployment rate, determined by a separate survey, ticked
down to 6.2% last month. The rate is well below a near 15% pandemic
peak in April 2020, but remains above 2019's 50-year lows. Overall,
the U.S. has 9.5 million fewer jobs than a year earlier, just
before the coronavirus pandemic took hold in much of the
country.
U.S. stocks gained on Friday afternoon in a wild trading session
that followed the employment report's release, while
government-bond yields extend a recent surge.
In February, most of the job gains occurred in the leisure and
hospitality sector, which includes restaurants, adding 355,000
jobs. There were smaller increases in temporary help services,
manufacturing and healthcare.
The gains reflect reduced business restrictions, more people
receiving vaccines, a lower level of Covid-19 infections and a
recent round of government aid to households and businesses, which
boosted consumer spending early this year.
"Some consumers are dipping their toes back in," said Nela
Richardson, a Ph.D. economist at human-resources software firm
Automatic Data Processing Inc. In addition to restaurants, there
were job gains at hotels, stores and in personal services, such as
salons. "[Consumers] maybe not willing to fly off on an airplane,
but appear more willing to dine in at a neighborhood
restaurant."
The job gains reinforce other signs of economic momentum.
Household income growth surged in January and consumers boosted
spending, according to separate Commerce Department reports,
reflecting government-stimulus payments to individuals and enhanced
unemployment benefits at the start of the year. Demand for
manufactured goods is also rising and home sales are trending at
14-year highs.
Dr. Richardson said she expects hiring to accelerate further in
the coming months, to more than a half-million jobs a month. "We'll
see a burst in hiring before things start to taper off again," she
said.
Mama Fox Bar & Restaurant in Brooklyn, N.Y., has hired five
employees in recent weeks after New York City allowed restaurants
to resume indoor dining at 25% capacity and milder weather led to
an increase in outdoor dining, owner Samantha DiStefano said.
That marked a turnaround from January when the staff was reduced
to a few workers amid operating restrictions and colder weather.
Ms. DiStefano said indoor dining has been steady since it resumed
in early February, particularly on colder days such as Valentine's
Day, when temperatures in New York were near freezing.
"The ability for people to get vaccinated is making people
relieved," she said.
The opening of service-sector jobs is aiding the employment
prospects of some workers disproportionately affected during the
pandemic. The unemployment rate for women, who are more likely to
hold jobs at stores and restaurants, fell to 6.1% in February.
Their rate is now below that of 6.3% for men.
The unemployment rate also declined for Latino and Asian
workers. However, the rate increased for Black workers to 9.9%.
"Hispanic and Asian workers, who saw large job losses last
spring, are increasingly being hired as service businesses start to
reopen," said Daniel Zhao, senior economist at job-rating site
Glassdoor. "The elevated Black unemployment rate is a concern for
the overall economy. Historically, we know Black workers tend to be
the first fired and last hired."
It took nearly a decade into the last economic recovery, which
began in 2009, for Black workers to see the unemployment rate gap
with white workers start to narrow.
Despite last month's gains, the leisure and hospitality sector
has 3.5 million fewer jobs than a year earlier, the Labor
Department said, showing the recovery is far from complete. The
Congressional Budget Office projects it will take until 2024 to
fully recoup jobs lost during the pandemic.
Friday's report showed job losses at all levels of government,
though the Labor Department noted disrupted school calendars have
changed usual hiring patterns. Employment in construction fell by
61,000 in February. Severe winter weather may have held down
employment in that sector, the department said.
Doctor and dentist offices and other nonhospital healthcare
providers added 36,000 jobs last month. The sector has mostly
recovered the more than one million jobs it lost last spring, when
nonessential health services were ordered to close. Employment at
pharmacies and other personal-care stores, where many people are
getting vaccinated, is recovering at a faster pace than overall
retail.
Centerline Logistics, a Seattle company that provides fuel to
ships in U.S. ports, is hiring to keep up with better-than-expected
demand. Volumes at ports where Centerline operates picked up last
fall as the demand for consumer goods rose ahead of the holidays,
and that demand has continued this year, Chief Executive Matt
Godden said.
"Ships are stacked up at the port as far as the eye can see," he
said.
Mr. Godden said he expects increased leisure travel later this
year to result in more oil and fuel tankers arriving in ports. "We
needed more workers and equipment," he added. The company acquired
six additional fuel barges late last year and is looking to add 70
workers to crew the larger fleet.
The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor's degree or
higher slipped below 4% in February, showing that higher skilled
workers continue to fare better in the pandemic economy.
"We're desperately trying to hire because I don't see it slowing
down," said Bobbi Westerby, chief executive at Environmental
Consulting & TechnologyInc. The Gainesville, Fla., firm, which
works on renewable energy and other projects, has closed two
offices, but added 10 workers, as its staff shifted to remote
work.
The 215-person firm has 13 open positions it hopes to fill by
April. Those roles, including environmental technicians and project
managers, generally require college degrees.
Still, millions of workers who lost their jobs last year are
struggling to find work, especially in their prior fields. More
workers counted themselves as permanently unemployed, rather than
on temporary layoff, in February, and the number of people out of
work for six or more months increased for the 10th straight
month.
Angela Moore, a 49-year-old actor and performer, said she
applied for unemployment benefits nearly a year ago, after her gigs
quickly dried up. The benefits help to pay for the mortgage and
utilities at her northern Virginia home, but little else, she said.
She went without air conditioning last summer because she couldn't
afford repairs.
She started a temporary job in September at a call center. That
position ended in November, and Ms. Moore said her search for
another job was delayed when she was diagnosed with Covid-19.
"It's not that I don't want to work," she said. "But it's just
in terms of the opportunities, there are a lot less."
Write to Eric Morath at eric.morath@wsj.com
(END) Dow Jones Newswires
March 05, 2021 14:31 ET (19:31 GMT)
Copyright (c) 2021 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.