UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 6-K

 

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-16 OR 15D-16
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the month of November, 2018

 

Commission File Number: 001-35617

 

 

Sandstorm Gold Ltd.

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

 

 

 

Suite 1400 - 400 Burrard Street
Vancouver, British Columbia
V6C 3A6 Canada

 (Address of principal executive offices)

 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F. 

 

Form 20-F   ¨ Form 40-F   x

 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1):   ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7):   ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether by furnishing the information contained in this Form, the registrant is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. 

 

Yes   ¨ No   x

 

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b): 82- 

 

Incorporation by Reference

 

Exhibit 99.1 (Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Period Ended September 30, 2018 and Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of the Company for the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017) to this Report on Form 6-K is incorporated by reference into this report and is hereby incorporated by reference into and as an exhibit to the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-10 (File No. 333-215009), as amended or supplemented, to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished by us under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in each case as amended.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit   Description of Exhibit
     
99.1   Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Period Ended September 30, 2018 and Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of the Company for the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017
99.1   Printer Friendly Copy
99.2   CEO Certification
99.3   CFO Certification
     
    Exhibit 99.1 (Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Period Ended September 30, 2018 and Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of the Company for the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017) to this Report on Form 6-K is incorporated by reference into this report and is hereby incorporated by reference into and as an exhibit to the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-10 (File No. 333-215009), as amended or supplemented, to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished by us under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in each case as amended.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

     
  SANDSTORM GOLD LTD.
   
     
Date: November 14, 2018 By:     /s/ Erfan Kazemi
    Name: Erfan Kazemi
    Title: Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 



 

Exhibit 99.1

 

 

 

Q3 2018

 

Management’s Discussion
and Analysis

 

For The Period Ended SEPTEMBER 30, 2018

 

 

 

 

This management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) for Sandstorm Gold Ltd. and its subsidiary entities (“Sandstorm”, “Sandstorm Gold” or the “Company”) should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of Sandstorm for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and related notes thereto which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), applicable to preparation of interim financial statements including International Accounting Standard 34 — Interim Financial Reporting ("IAS 34"). Readers are encouraged to consult the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the corresponding notes to the financial statements which are available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. The information contained within this MD&A is current to November 14, 2018 and all figures are stated in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted.

 

Company Highlights

 

·Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold1 (as defined hereinafter), for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were 14,314 ounces and 43,464 ounces, respectively, compared with 14,293 and 42,601 ounces for the comparable periods in 2017.

·Revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $17.3 million and $55.7 million, respectively, compared with $17.9 million and $52.8 million for the comparable periods in 2017.

·Cash flows from operating activities, excluding changes in non-cash working capital1, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were $11.4 million and $37.1 million, respectively, compared with $11.1 million and $34.4 million for the comparable periods in 2017.

·Cost of sales, excluding depletion, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were $3.5 million and $11.9 million, respectively, compared with $3.5 million and $11.2 million for the comparable periods in 2017.

·Average cash costs1 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 of $248 and $273 per Attributable Gold Equivalent ounce, respectively, compared with $246 and $264 per Attributable Gold Equivalent ounce for the comparable periods in 2017.

·Cash operating margins1 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 of $960 and $1,008 per Attributable Gold Equivalent ounce, respectively, compared with $1,009 and $976 per Attributable Gold Equivalent ounce for the comparable periods in 2017.

 

1Refer to section on non-IFRS and other measures of this MD&A.

 

Overview

 

Sandstorm is a growth-focused company that seeks to acquire royalties and gold and other metals purchase agreements (“Gold Streams” or “Streams”) from companies that have advanced stage development projects or operating mines. In return for making upfront payments to acquire a Gold Stream, Sandstorm receives the right to purchase, at a fixed price per ounce or at a fixed percentage of the spot price, a percentage of a mine’s gold, silver, or other commodity ("Gold Equivalent")1 production for the life of the mine. Sandstorm helps other companies in the resource industry grow their businesses, while acquiring attractive assets in the process. The Company is focused on acquiring Gold Streams and royalties from mines with low production costs, significant exploration potential and strong management teams. The Company currently has 188 Streams and royalties, of which 20 relate to properties where the underlying mines are producing.

 

1Refer to section on non-IFRS and other measures of this MD&A.

 

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Outlook

 

Based on the Company’s existing Gold Streams and royalties, attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold (individually and collectively referred to as “Attributable Gold Equivalent”) are forecasted to be between 56,000 – 60,000 ounces in 2018 and between 63,000 – 73,000 ounces in 2019. The Company is forecasting Attributable Gold Equivalent production of 140,000 ounces in 2023.

 

Key Producing Assets

 

Yamana Silver Stream
Yamana Gold Inc.

 

The Company has a silver stream on Yamana Gold Inc.’s (“Yamana”) gold-silver Cerro Moro Mine, located in Santa Cruz, Argentina (the “Cerro Moro Mine” or “Cerro Moro”) and an agreement to receive interim silver deliveries through 2018 from a number of Yamana’s currently operating mines.

 

Silver Deliveries

 

Under the terms of the Yamana silver stream, Sandstorm has agreed to purchase, beginning January 1, 2019, for ongoing per ounce cash payments equal to 30% of the spot price of silver, an amount of silver from Cerro Moro equal to 20% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 1.2 million ounces of silver), until Yamana has delivered to Sandstorm 7.0 million ounces of silver; then 9% of the silver produced thereafter.

 

As part of the Yamana silver stream, through 2018, Sandstorm has also agreed to purchase, for ongoing per ounce cash payments equal to 30% of the spot price of silver, an amount of silver from:

 

ithe Minera Florida mine in Chile equal to 38% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 200,000 ounces of silver); and

iithe Chapada mine in Brazil equal to 52% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 100,000 ounces of silver).

 

About Cerro Moro

 

The Cerro Moro Mine is located approximately 70 kilometers southwest of the coastal port city of Puerto Deseado in the Santa Cruz province of Argentina. Cerro Moro contains a number of high grade epithermal gold and silver deposits, some of which will be mined via open pit and some via underground mining methods. The medium-term target is production of 130,000 ounces of gold and 7.0 million ounces of silver per year.

 

Current Activity

 

Yamana recently announced that it had achieved commercial production at Cerro Moro. With the declaration of commercial production, Yamana has indicated its focus is now on optimizing operations and ensuring operating costs reach guidance levels.
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Yamana has also set an exploration objective of adding one million gold equivalent ounces to the mineral inventory at Cerro Moro in the next several years. To this end, they have allocated $11.2 million for exploration work in 2018.

 

Chapada Copper Stream
Yamana Gold Inc.

 

The Company has a copper stream on Yamana’s open pit gold-copper Chapada mine located 270 kilometers northwest of Brasília in Goiás State, Brazil (“Chapada” or the “Chapada Mine”). Under the terms of the Yamana copper stream, Sandstorm has agreed to purchase, for ongoing per pound cash payments equal to 30% of the spot price of copper, an amount of copper from the Chapada Mine equal to:

 

i4.2% of the copper produced (up to an annual maximum of 3.9 million pounds of copper) until Yamana has delivered 39 million pounds of copper to Sandstorm (the “First Chapada Delivery Threshold”); then

ii3.0% of the copper produced until, on a cumulative basis, Yamana has delivered 50 million pounds of copper to Sandstorm (the “Second Chapada Delivery Threshold”); then

iii1.5% of the copper produced thereafter, for the life of the mine.

 

About Chapada

 

Chapada has been in production since 2007 and is a relatively low-cost South American operation. The ore is treated through a flotation plant with capacity of 23 million tonnes per annum. Yamana continues to discover additional resources at Chapada and as a result has begun examining a potential plant expansion that would increase the processing rate up to 32 million tonnes per annum. Yamana recently filed an updated technical report which outlines a 29 year life of mine plan. For more information, visit the Yamana website at www.yamana.com

 

Houndé Royalty
Endeavour Mining Corp.

 

In January 2018, the Company acquired a 2% net smelter returns royalty (“NSR”) based on the production from the Houndé gold mine located in Burkina Faso, West Africa (“Houndé” or the “Houndé Mine”) which is owned and operated by Endeavour Mining Corporation (“Endeavour”).

 

The royalty, which was acquired from Acacia Mining PLC for $45 million in cash, covers the Kari North and Kari South tenements, representing approximately 500 square kilometers of the Houndé property package. Nearly the entire Houndé Mineral Reserve of 2.0 million ounces (30.2 million tonnes at 2.0 grams per tonne gold as of December 2017) is located on the Kari North and Kari South tenements, including the Vindaloo deposit and most of the Bouéré deposit. The highlights of the acquisition include:

 

Immediate Cash Flow: Commercial production was announced on November 1, 2017 and the Houndé Mine is expected to produce 235,000 ounces of gold per year on average over the first four years of operations. The mine has an initial ten year mine life based on the current Mineral Reserves.

 

Strong Operator: Endeavour is a mid-tier gold producer with five operating mines in Africa. The construction of the Houndé Mine was completed ahead of schedule and below budget and represents Endeavour’s flagship gold mine.

 

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Exploration Upside: Endeavour has set a discovery target at Houndé of 2.5 million to 3.5 million ounces of gold over the next four years with $40 million in budgeted expenditures expected to occur from 2018 to 2021. A number of the high-priority targets are on the Sandstorm royalty ground. Endeavour has recently announced that it has successfully extended the Kari Pump mineralized zone along with discovering additional mineralized zones.

 

About Houndé

 

Houndé is an open-pit gold mine with a 3.0 million tonne per year gravity circuit and carbon-in-leach plant. The gravity concentrate is processed through an intensive cyanide leach reactor followed by electrowinning to recover the gold. The carbon-in-leach feed is thickened and fed into a standard carbon-in-leach circuit. Reserves referenced above include Proven and Probable Reserves contained in 30.2 million tonnes with an average grade of 2.0 grams per tonne using a cut-off grade of 0.5 grams per tonne Au. See www.endeavourmining.com for more information.

 

Diavik Diamond Royalty
Rio Tinto PLC

 

The Company has a 1% gross proceeds royalty based on the production from the Diavik mine located in Lac de Gras, Northwest Territories, Canada (“Diavik” or the “Diavik Mine”) which is operated by Rio Tinto PLC (“Rio Tinto”).

 

The Diavik Mine is Canada’s largest diamond mine. The mine began producing diamonds in January 2003, and has since produced more than 120 million carats from three kimberlite pipes (A154 South, A154 North, and A418). Rio Tinto recently announced that it commenced production at its fourth open pit diamond pipe (A21) and it is expected to achieve full production by the end of 2018.

 

Santa Elena Gold Stream
First Majestic Silver Corp.

 

The Company has a Gold Stream to purchase 20% of the life of mine gold produced from First Majestic Silver Corp.’s (“First Majestic”) open-pit and underground Santa Elena mine, located in Mexico (the “Santa Elena Mine”), for a per ounce cash payment equal to the lesser of $455 and the then prevailing market price of gold.

 

The Santa Elena Mine was successfully transitioned from an open pit heap leach operation to an underground mining and milling operation and commercial production for the 3,000 tonne per day processing plant was declared in 2014. First Majestic recently announced an updated reserve statement for the Santa Elena Mine which demonstrated a 38% increase in Mineral Reserves. For more information refer to www.firstmajestic.com.

 

Black Fox Gold Stream
McEwen Mining Inc.

 

The Company has a Gold Stream to purchase 8% of the life of mine gold produced from McEwen Mining Inc.’s (“McEwen”) open pit and underground Black Fox mine, located in Ontario, Canada (the “Black Fox Mine”), and 6.3% of the life of mine gold produced from McEwen’s Black Fox Extension, which includes a portion of McEwen’s Pike River concessions, for a per ounce cash payment equal to the lesser of $540 and the then prevailing market price of gold.

 

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The Black Fox Mine began operating as an open pit mine in 2009 (depleted in 2015) and transitioned to underground operations in 2011. McEwen recently announced a new Mineral Resource estimate for the Black Fox Mine which resulted in a 40% increase in gold Resource in the Indicated category. In addition, McEwen announced details on a $15 million exploration program at the Black Fox property. The program is expected to include approximately 100,000 metres of drilling to test for extensions of existing resources, to follow-up on significant drill results, and to investigate new exploration targets. For more information refer to www.mcewenmining.com.

 

Bachelor Lake Gold Stream & Royalties
Bonterra Resources Inc.

 

The Company has a Gold Stream to purchase 20% of the gold produced from Bonterra Resources Inc.’s (“Bonterra”) Bachelor Lake gold mine located in Quebec, Canada (the “Bachelor Lake Mine”), for a per ounce cash payment equal to the lesser of $500 and the then prevailing market price of gold. Once a cumulative 12,000 ounces of gold have been purchased by the Company, during the period between October 1, 2017 and October 1, 2019, the Gold Stream will convert into a 3.9% NSR. When combined with Sandstorm’s existing royalties, the Company will then hold a total 4.9% NSR on the Bachelor Lake Mine, a 3.9%-4.9% NSR on Bonterra’s Barry gold project and a 1% NSR on Bonterra’s Gladiator gold deposit. In September 2018, Bonterra acquired Metanor Resources Inc. (“Metanor”) creating a new advanced Canadian gold exploration and development company focused on the Urban Barry Quebec Gold Camp.

 

Bonterra has the option to reduce the respective NSRs on the Bachelor Lake Mine or the Barry gold project by making a $2.0 million payment to Sandstorm in each case (the “Purchase Option”). Upon exercising either of the Purchase Options, the respective NSR will decrease by 2.1%.

 

The Bachelor Lake Mine is an underground mining operation with an operating mill and surface infrastructure, which began production in early 2013. Bonterra announced that it intends on advancing exploration and development work at the recently discovered Moroy deposit with the goal of a completing a mineral resource estimate in 2019.

 

The Barry gold project and the Gladiator gold deposit are advanced exploration-stage assets located in the emerging Urban-Barry camp. Bonterra is currently conducting exploration drilling at the Barry gold project and has plans to initiate an underground bulk sample in the first quarter of 2019 as it continues the permitting process. With respect to the Gladiator deposit, Bonterra recently announced that it intends on initiating the permitting process in order to develop a decline and complete a bulk sample at the deposit over the next year. 

 

Karma Gold Stream
Endeavour Mining Corp.

 

The Company has a Gold Stream which entitles it to purchase 25,000 ounces of gold over a five year period and thereafter 1.625% of the gold produced from Endeavour’s open-pit heap leach Karma gold mine located in Burkina Faso, West Africa (“Karma” or the “Karma Mine”) for ongoing per ounce cash payment equal to 20% of the spot price of the gold.

 

The Gold Stream, which on a gross basis requires Endeavour to deliver 100,000 ounces of gold over a five year period starting March 31, 2016 and thereafter 6.5% of the equivalent gold production at the Karma Mine, is syndicated 75% and 25% between Franco-Nevada Corp. and Sandstorm, respectively.

 

The Karma Mine has five defined mineral deposits that make up the Karma project. Based on recent drilling, Endeavour expects to extend the mine life beyond 10 years.

 

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Current Activity

 

Endeavour announced a 28,000 metre exploration program for 2018 with the aim of delineating Indicated Resources at both North Kao and Yabonsgo, in addition to near-mill targets such as Rounga and on the recently acquired Zanna exploration license.

 

Bracemac-McLeod Royalty
Glencore PLC

 

Sandstorm has a 3% NSR based on 100% of the production from the Bracemac-McLeod property located in Matagami, Quebec, Canada (“Bracemac-McLeod” or the “Bracemac-McLeod Mine”) which is owned and operated by a subsidiary of Glencore plc (“Glencore”).

 

The Bracemac-McLeod Mine is a high grade volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit located in the historic and prolific Matagami mining district of Quebec. Continuous mining and milling operations have been active in the Matagami district for over fifty years with ten previously operating mines and one other currently producing mine. The Bracemac-McLeod Mine began initial production in the second half of 2013.

 

Ming Gold Stream
Rambler Metals & Mining PLC

 

The Company has a Gold Stream to purchase approximately 25% of the first 175,000 ounces of gold produced and 12% of the life of mine gold produced thereafter, from Rambler Metals & Mining PLC’s (“Rambler”) Ming Copper-Gold mine, located in Newfoundland, Canada (the “Ming Mine”). There are no ongoing per ounce payments required by Sandstorm in respect of the Ming Mine Gold Stream. In the event that the metallurgical recoveries of gold at the Ming Mine are below 85%, the percentage of gold that Sandstorm shall be entitled to purchase shall be increased proportionally. Based on 2017 metallurgical recoveries, Sandstorm’s 2018 gold purchase entitlement was adjusted to 35%.

 

Rambler announced a new Mineral Resource and Reserve estimate for the Ming Mine which results in a life of mine plan of more than 20 years. Production is expected from both the high-grade Massive Sulphide Zone and the Lower Footwall Zone at an average throughput of 1,250 tonnes of ore per day. For more information refer to www.ramblermines.com.

 

Other Producing Assets

 

Gualcamayo Royalty
Yamana Gold Inc.

 

The Company has a 1% NSR on the Gualcamayo gold mine (the “Gualcamayo Mine”) which is located in San Juan province, Argentina and owned and operated by Yamana. The Gualcamayo Mine is an open pit, heap leach operation. Yamana recently announced that it had entered into an agreement to sell the Gualcamayo Mine to Mineros S.A., a Latin American gold producer with operations in Colombia and Nicaragua.

 

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Thunder Creek Royalty
Tahoe Resources Inc.

 

The Company has a 1% NSR on the gold produced from the Thunder Creek and 144 properties (“Thunder Creek” or the “Thunder Creek Mine”) which are part of the Timmins West mine complex in Ontario, Canada which is owned and operated by Tahoe Resources Inc. (“Tahoe”). Thunder Creek is an underground mine that has been in production since 2010 and has produced more than 500,000 ounces of gold.

 

Mine Waste Solutions Royalty
Anglogold Ashanti Ltd.

 

The Company has a 1% NSR on the gold produced from Mine Waste Solutions tailings recovery operation (“MWS”) which is located near Stilfontein, South Africa, and is owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti Ltd. (“AngloGold”). MWS is a gold and uranium tailings recovery operation. The operation re-processes multiple tailings dumps in the area through three production modules, the last of which was commissioned in 2011.

 

San Andres Royalty
Aura Minerals Inc.

 

The Company has a 1.5% NSR on the San Andres gold mine (the “San Andres Mine”) which is located in La Únion, Honduras and is owned and operated by Aura Minerals Inc. (“Aura Minerals”). The San Andres Mine is an open pit, heap leach operation. The mine has been in production since 1983 and has well-developed infrastructure, which includes power and water supply, warehouses, maintenance facilities, assay laboratory and on-site camp facilities.

 

Emigrant Springs Royalty
Newmont Mining Corp

 

The Company has a 1.5% NSR on the Emigrant Springs gold mine (the “Emigrant Springs Mine”) which is located in the Carlin Trend in Nevada, U.S.A. and is owned and operated by Newmont Mining Corp. (“Newmont”). The Emigrant Springs Mine is an open pit, heap leach operation that has been in production since the third quarter of 2012.

 

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Development Assets

 

Hod Maden
Lidya Madencilik A.S.

 

The Company has a 30% net profits interest and a 2% NSR on the Hod Maden (formerly known as Hot Maden) gold-copper project which is located in Artvin Province, northeastern Turkey (the “Hod Maden Project” or “Hod Maden”). The project is operated and co-owned by a Turkish partner, Lidya Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. (“Lidya”), which owns the remaining interest in the project. Lidya is an experienced Turkish company and is also a joint-venture partner with Alacer Gold Corp. on the producing Çöpler mine in Turkey. The Hod Maden Project Preliminary Feasibility Study envisions a conventional underground mine and processing facility producing copper-gold concentrates. The results of the recent 2018 Pre-Feasibility Study demonstrate a Proven and Probable Mineral Reserve of 2.6 million ounces of gold and 284.4 million pounds of copper being mined over an 11 year mine life (9.12 million tonnes at 8.9 grams per tonne gold and 1.4% copper or 11.9 grams per tonne gold equivalent based on a 2.6 grams per tonne gold equivalent cutoff grade). The study projects a pre-tax net present value (5% discount rate) of $1.4 billion and an internal rate of return of 60%. It is estimated that gold will be produced at an all-in sustaining cost on a co-product basis1 of $374 per ounce. For more information refer to www.sandstormgold.com.

 

With the release of the study, Hod Maden moves into the next stage of development. Lidya has commenced the permitting process and is concurrently working on a gap analysis, trade-off studies and will begin a Feasibility Study in 2019.

 

The 30% Hod Maden net profits interest is a key component of the Company’s portfolio, with some of the highlights including:

 

·100% increase in expected future production;

 

Hod Maden is an anchor asset that is expected to increase the Company’s Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces to approximately 140,000 in 2023.

 

·Hod Maden has significant exploration upside;

 

Total land package is 74 square kilometers in size with the current focus being a 7.0 kilometer long north-south alteration zone. The majority of the exploration drilling has been within a 1.0 kilometer strike length of this alteration zone with several exploration targets identified along strike and parallel to the identified orebody.

 

·Majority operator Lidya is a strong local partner with experience exploring, developing, permitting and operating projects in Turkey;

 

Lidya is part of a large Turkish conglomerate called Çalik Holding and is currently partnered with Alacer Gold Corp. on several projects in Turkey including the producing Çöpler mine and the development-stage Gediktepe and Kartaltepe projects.

 

1.Refer to section on non-IFRS and other measures of this MD&A.

 

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Aurizona Gold Royalty
Equinox Gold Corp.

 

The Company has a 3%–5% sliding scale NSR on the production from Equinox Gold Corp.’s (“Equinox”) open-pit Aurizona mine, located in Brazil (“Aurizona” or the “Aurizona Mine”). At gold prices less than or equal to $1,500 per ounce, the royalty is a 3% NSR. In addition, Sandstorm holds a 2% NSR on Equinox’s 190,073 hectares of greenfields exploration ground. At any time prior to the commencement of commercial production, Equinox has the ability to purchase one-half of the greenfields NSR for a cash payment of $10 million.

 

Equinox, the successor to Luna Gold Inc. and Trek Mining Inc. (“Trek”), recently announced that construction activities were 80% complete and they anticipate achieving commercial production by the first half of 2019. A Feasibility Study on the Aurizona project, which was released on July 31, 2017, included Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves of 971,000 ounces of gold (contained in 19.8 million tonnes at 1.5 grams per tonne gold with a cut-off grade of 0.4 grams per tonne from Boa Esperanza and 0.6 grams per tonne from Piaba) with expected annual production of 136,000 ounces. Equinox recently announced positive drill results including near-mine exploration activities aimed at resource growth, target development and discovery. For more information refer to www.equinoxgold.com. Sandstorm holds a right of first refusal on any future streams or royalties on the Aurizona project and greenfields property.

 

In connection with a series of business combinations resulting in Equinox Gold Corp., Sandstorm was able to monetize a number of its historical debt and equity investments held in Equinox’s predecessor companies. The most recent component of this monetization process included the January 2018 sale of $18.3 million in debt and equity securities of Equinox to Mr. Ross Beaty, the new chairman of Equinox.

 

Hugo North Extension & Heruga Gold Stream
Entrée Resources Ltd.

 

The Company has a Gold Stream with Entrée Resources Ltd. (“Entrée”) to purchase an amount equal to 5.62% and 4.26% of the gold and silver produced from the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits located in Mongolia, (the “Hugo North Extension” and “Heruga”, respectively) for per ounce cash payments equal to the lesser of $220 per ounce of gold and $5 per ounce of silver and the then prevailing market price of gold and silver, respectively. Additionally, Sandstorm has a copper stream to purchase an amount equal to 0.42% of the copper produced from Hugo North Extension and Heruga for per pound cash payments equal to the lesser of $0.50 per pound of copper and the then prevailing market price of copper.

 

The Company is not required to contribute any further capital, exploration, or operating expenditures to Entrée.

 

The Hugo North Extension is a copper-gold porphyry deposit and Heruga is a copper-gold-molybdenum porphyry deposit. Both projects are located in the South Gobi desert of Mongolia, approximately 570 kilometers south of the capital city of Ulaanbaatar and 80 kilometers north of the border with China. The Hugo North Extension and Heruga are part of the Oyu Tolgoi mining complex and are managed by Oyu Tolgoi LLC, a subsidiary of Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd. and the Government of Mongolia, and its project manager Rio Tinto PLC. Entrée retains a 20% interest in the Hugo North Extension and Heruga.

 

In 2018, Entrée released a National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report relating to its interests in the Hugo North Extension and Heruga. The report allows Entrée to discuss preliminary economics for the potential future phases of the Oyu Tolgoi mine, beyond Lift 1, including Lift 2 and Heruga.

 

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Hackett River Royalty
Glencore PLC

 

The Company has a 2% NSR on the Hackett River property located in Nunavut, Canada (the “Hackett River Project” or “Hackett River”) which is owned by a subsidiary of Glencore.

 

Hackett River is a silver-rich volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit and is one of the largest undeveloped projects of its kind. The property contains four massive sulphide bodies that occur over a 6.6 kilometer strike length. A Preliminary Economic Assessment updated in 2010 evaluated a possible large-scale open pit and underground operation, processing up to 17,000 tonnes per day. The most recent Reserves and Resources statement, effective December 31, 2017, reported 27.0 million tonnes of Indicated Resources containing 4.5% zinc and 130.0 grams per tonne silver plus 60.0 million tonnes of Inferred Resources with 3.5% zinc and 150.0 grams per tonne silver. For more information refer to the Technical Reports dated July 26, 2010 and July 31, 2013 under Sabina Gold & Silver Corp.’s profile on www.sedar.com.

 

Lobo-Marte Royalty
Kinross Gold Corp.

 

The Company has a 1.05% NSR on production from the Lobo-Marte project located in the Maricunga gold district of Chile (the “Lobo-Marte Project” or “Lobo-Marte”) which is owned by Kinross Gold Corp. (“Kinross”).

 

Kinross has initiated a scoping study for Lobo-Marte. The scoping study will assess the potential for a production start at Lobo-Marte at the end of the La Coipa’s mine life and is expected to be completed in the first half of 2019. Both studies will also assess the potential to share resources and leverage synergies between the projects. For more information refer to www.kinross.com.

 

Agi Dagi & Kirazli Royalty
Alamos Gold Inc.

 

The Company has a $10 per ounce royalty based on the production from the Agi Dagi and the Kirazli gold development projects located in the Çanakkale Province of northwestern Turkey (“Agi Dagi” and “Kirazli”, respectively) which are both owned by Alamos Gold Inc. (“Alamos Gold”). The royalty is payable by Newmont and is subject to a maximum of 600,000 ounces from Agi Dagi and a maximum of 250,000 ounces from Kirazli.

 

A 2017 Feasibility Study on Agi Dagi and a 2017 Feasibility Study on Kirazli contemplated both projects as stand-alone open-pit, heap-leach operations. Under the respective studies, Agi Dagi is expected to produce an average of 177,600 ounces of gold per year over a 6 year mine life while Kirazli is expected to produce an average of 104,000 ounces of gold per year over a 5 year mine life. For more information refer to www.alamosgold.com.

 

Prairie Creek Royalty
NorZinc Ltd.

 

The Company has a 1.2% NSR on the Prairie Creek project (the “Prairie Creek Project”) located in the Northwest Territories, Canada and owned by NorZinc Ltd. (“NorZinc”). The Prairie Creek Project is a zinc, silver and lead project that is 100%-owned by NorZinc and based on a recently announced Feasibility Study has a Proven and Probable Mineral Reserve of 8.1 million tonnes containing 8.6% zinc, 124.2 grams per tonne silver and 8.1% lead. NorZinc recently announced that the Responsible Ministers under the Mackenzie Valley Resource Management Act had accepted the recommendation for approval of the proposed all season road at the Prairie Creek Project. Development of the all season road will enable the transportation of concentrates and supplies throughout the year. For more information, refer to www.norzinc.com.

 

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Mt. Hamilton Royalty

Waterton Precious Metals Fund II Cayman, LP

 

The Company has a 2.4% NSR on the Mt. Hamilton gold project (the "Mt. Hamilton Project"). The Mt. Hamilton Project is located in White Pine County, Nevada, U.S.A. and is owned by Waterton Precious Metals Fund II Cayman, LP (“Waterton”).

 

Sandstorm holds a right of first refusal on any future royalty or gold stream financing for the Mt. Hamilton Project.

 

Other

 

While assessing whether any indications of impairment exist for mineral interests and royalties, consideration is given to both external and internal sources of information. As a result of an update to the production profile of the Gualcamayo Mine and the ounces expected under the royalty, the Company re-evaluated the carrying value of its royalty investment. As a result of this review, during the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $4.5 million ($3.2 million, net of tax).

 

Under the Company’s normal course issuer bid (“NCIB”), the Company is able until April 4, 2019, to purchase up to 9.2 million common shares. The NCIB provides the Company with the option to purchase its common shares from time to time. Under the Company’s current NCIB, the Company has purchased and cancelled approximately 2.5 million common shares.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company disposed of its interest in the Koricancha Gold Stream. The fair value of the financial instruments received on disposal amounted to $4.3 million, resulting in a $0.4 million loss.

 

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Summary of Quarterly Results

 

Quarters Ended

 

In $000s  Sep. 30, 2018   Jun. 30, 2018   Mar. 31, 2018   Dec. 31, 2017 
Total revenue  $17,289   $18,933   $19,470   $15,446 
Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold 1   14,314    14,465    14,685    12,032 
Sales  $10,766   $13,771   $13,572   $12,978 
Royalty revenue   6,523    5,162    5,898    2,468 
Average realized gold price per attributable ounce 1   1,208    1,309    1,326    1,284 
Average cash cost per attributable ounce 1   248    296    276    340 
Cash flows from operating activities   10,868    13,898    11,219    9,859 
Net income (loss)   2,093    658    372    709 
Basic income (loss) per share   0.01    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Diluted income (loss) per share   0.01    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Total assets   577,098    623,430    647,321    660,915 
Total long-term liabilities   582    660    2,749    2,807 

 

In $000s  Sep. 30, 2017   Jun. 30, 2017   Mar. 31, 2017   Dec. 31, 2016 
Total revenue  $17,939   $16,066   $18,824   $16,463 
Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold 1   14,293    12,750    15,558    13,245 
Sales  $11,534   $11,835   $12,861   $10,970 
Royalty revenue   6,405    4,231    5,963    5,493 
Average realized gold price per attributable ounce 1   1,255    1,260    1,210    1,243 
Average cash cost per attributable ounce 1   246    290    258    250 
Cash flows from operating activities   11,864    11,112    11,938    10,058 
Net income (loss)   4,773    (1,909)   6,964    (19)
Basic income (loss) per share   0.03    (0.01)   0.05    (0.00)
Diluted income (loss) per share   0.02    (0.01)   0.04    (0.00)
Total assets   667,185    545,557    550,342    534,882 
Total long-term liabilities   2,915    2,969    3,197    3,288 

 

1Refer to section on non-IFRS and other measures of this MD&A.

 

 13 

 

 

   

Summary of Quarterly Results QUARTERS ENDED Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold 1 Sales & Royalty Revenue in $000s Average realized gold price per attributable ounce 1 $15,446 $19,470 $18,933 $17,289 12,032oz 14,685oz 14,465oz 14,314oz $1,284 $1,326 $1,309 $1,208 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 2017 2018 1 Refer to section on non-IFRS and other measures of this MD&A.

1Refer to section on non-IFRS and other measures of this MD&A.

 

Changes in sales, net income and cash flow from operating activities from quarter to quarter are affected primarily by fluctuations in production at the mines, the timing of shipments, changes in the price of commodities, as well as acquisitions of Streams and royalty agreements and the commencement of operations of mines under construction. For more information refer to the quarterly commentary discussed below.

 

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The Company’s operating segments for the three months ended
September 30, 2018 are summarized in the table below:

 

In $000s  Product  Attributable
Gold
Equivalent
ounces sold
   Sales and
royalty
revenues
   Cost of sales,
excluding
depletion
   Depletion
expense
   (Gain) loss on
mineral
interest
disposal and
other
   Income (loss)
before taxes
   Cash flow from
operating
activities
 
Bachelor Lake   Gold   1,541   $1,859   $750   $113   $-   $996   $1,122 
Black Fox   Gold   895    1,080    484    261    -    335    596 
Bracemac-McLeod 1   Various   595    718    -    332    -    386    783 
Chapada   Copper   2,347    2,835    851    1,032    -    952    1,984 
Diavik  Diamonds   2,110    2,549    -    1,196    -    1,353    2,249 
Houndé   Gold   1,399    1,690    -    973    -    717    1,469 
Karma   Gold   1,484    1,799    365    913    -    521    1,435 
Ming   Gold   204    246    -    120    -    126    246 
Santa Elena   Gold   1,886    2,274    858    124    -    1,292    1,278 
Yamana silver stream   Silver   598    722    236    482    -    4    485 
Other Royalties 2   Various   1,255    1,517    -    904    -    613    1,260 
Other   Gold   -    -    -    -    359    (359)   - 
Corporate      -    -    -    -    (505)   (3,737)   (2,039)
Consolidated      14,314   $17,289   $3,544   $6,450   $(146)  $3,199   $10,868 

 

1Royalty revenue from Bracemac-McLeod consists of $0.3 million from Copper and $0.4 million from Zinc.

2Includes royalty revenue from Gold of $1.3 million and Other Base Metals of $0.2 million.

 

 

Q3 2018 Attributable Gold Equivalent Ounces Sold Chapada Santa Elena Karma Black Fox Houndé Bachelor Lake Bracemac-McLeod Ming Diavik Yamana silver stream Other Royalties 2,347oz 2,110oz 1,886oz 1,541oz 1,484oz 1,399oz 895oz 598oz 595oz 204oz 1,255ozQ3 2018 Sales & Royalty Revenues by Region North America Canada South America Other 22% 22% 39% 56%

 15 

 

 

The Company’s operating segments for the three months ended
September 30, 2017 are summarized in the table below:

 

In $000s  Product  Attributable
Gold
Equivalent
ounces sold
   Sales and
royalty
revenues
   Cost of sales,
excluding
depletion
   Depletion
expense
   (Gain) loss on
mineral interest
disposal and other
   Income (loss)
before taxes
   Cash flow from
operating
 activities
 
Bachelor Lake  Gold   1,264   $1,578   $599   $973   $(2,952)  $2,958   $861 
Black Fox  Gold   1,383    1,716    735    653    -    328    1,115 
Bracemac-McLeod 1  Various   882    1,107    -    531    -    576    974 
Chapada  Copper   2,107    2,644    774    931    -    939    1,870 
Diavik  Diamonds   1,785    2,240    -    1,244    -    996    1,840 
Karma  Gold   1,068    1,351    268    671    -    412    974 
Ming  Gold   237    291    -    125    -    166    291 
Santa Elena  Gold   2,307    2,922    840    265    -    1,817    2,013 
Yamana silver stream  Silver   781    981    285    561    -    135    695 
Other Royalties 2  Various   2,371    2,975    -    1,173    -    1,802    2,844 
Other  Gold   108    134    11    42    (412)   493    124 
Corporate      -    -    -    -    -    (3,828)   (1,737)
Consolidated      14,293   $17,939   $3,512   $7,169   $(3,364)  $6,794   $11,864 

 

1Royalty revenue from Bracemac-McLeod consists of $0.3 million from Copper and $0.8 million from Zinc.

2Includes royalty revenue from Gold of $2.8 million and Other Base Metals of $0.2 million.

 

 16 

 

  

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Compared to the Three Months Ended
September 30, 2017

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2018, net income and cash flow from operating activities were $2.1 million and $10.9 million, respectively, compared with net income and cash flow from operating activities of $4.8 million and $11.9 million for the comparable period in 2017. The fluctuation is partly related to certain items that were recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2017 that did not occur during the three months ended September 30, 2018 including a $3.4 million gain primarily resulting from the Bachelor Lake Gold Stream amendment for which Sandstorm received consideration consisting of $2.0 million in the common shares of Metanor, which has since been acquired by Bonterra, and a 3.9% NSR on the Barry gold project. Other factors impacting the change include (i) a $0.7 million decrease in depletion expense partly driven by an adjustment to the number of ounces in the depletable base due to various factors including the conversion of exploration upside into resources and reserves at the beginning of 2018; and (ii) a $0.3 million reduction in administrative costs due to cost reduction strategies.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2018, revenue was $17.3 million compared with $17.9 million for the comparable period in 2017. The decrease is largely attributable to a 4% decrease in the average realized selling price of gold. In particular, the fluctuations in revenue were impacted by:

 

§A $1.5 million decrease in Other Royalty revenue primarily due to a reduction in royalties received from the Emigrant Springs Mine. During the three months ended December 31, 2017, it was identified that the Company had received, over the course of fiscal 2017, an excess of $1.9 million in royalty payments from Newmont relating to mining concessions that were not subject to the Emigrant Springs royalty. To adjust for this overpayment, during the three months ended December 31, 2017, the Company made a one-time reversal of $1.9 million in royalty revenue to account for previously accrued revenue;

§A $0.6 million decrease in sales revenue attributable to the Santa Elena Mine largely driven by a 18% decrease in the number of gold ounces sold. The decrease is largely related to the timing of sales, whereby 1,540 gold ounces were in inventory as at September 30, 2018 and were sold subsequent to quarter end; and

§A $0.6 million decrease in sales revenue attributable to the Black Fox Mine largely driven by a 35% decrease in the number of gold ounces sold. The decrease is partly related to a reduction in production at the mine and the timing of sales. McEwen has recently indicated that it expects to meet its full year production guidance at the Black Fox Mine;

 

Partially offset by:

 

§$1.7 million in additional revenue that was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2018 as the Company acquired the Houndé royalty in January 2018; and

§A $0.4 million increase in revenue attributable to the Karma Gold Mine partly related to the timing of sales.

 

 17 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Compared to the Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, net income and cash flow from operating activities were $3.1 million and $36.0 million, respectively, compared with net income and cash flow from operating activities of $9.8 million and $34.9 million for the comparable period in 2017. The change is attributable to a combination of factors including:

 

§Certain items that were recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 that did not occur during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 including (i) a $3.0 million gain which was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2017, arising from the Bachelor Lake Gold Stream amendment; (ii) a $2.2 million gain primarily resulting from the settlement of the Equinox (previously Trek) debt and the 20% premium associated with Orezone Gold Corp. (“Orezone”) exercising its option to repurchase the royalty on the Bomboré gold project, both of which were recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and (iii) a $1.9 million foreign exchange gain, which was recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2017, primarily driven from currency trades and the resulting cash held in escrow which were required to meet the cash commitments under Sandstorm’s bid to acquire Mariana Resources Ltd.;

§The recognition of a $4.5 million non-cash impairment charge relating to the Company’s Gualcamayo royalty during the nine months ended September 30, 2018; and

§A decrease in the gains recognized on the revaluation of the Company’s investments; whereby, a loss of $1.0 million was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, while during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recognized a gain of $1.4 million;

 

Partially offset by:

 

§A $2.6 million decrease in the deferred income tax expense largely related to the impairment recognized on the Gualcamayo royalty and a corresponding reduction in the deferred tax liability arising therefrom, while during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 the Company recognized deferred income tax expense of $2.9 million largely related to the revaluation gains on its long term investments; and

§A $1.0 million decrease in depletion expense partly driven by an adjustment to the number of ounces in the depletable base due to various factors including the conversion of exploration upside into resources and reserves.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, revenue was $55.7 million compared with $52.8 million for the comparable period in 2017. The increase is largely attributable to a 2% increase in the number of Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold and a 3% increase in the average realized selling price of gold. In particular, the fluctuations in revenue were impacted by:

 

§$5.1 million in additional revenue that was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 as the Company acquired the Houndé royalty in January 2018;

§A $1.3 million increase in revenue attributable to the Karma Gold Mine primarily driven by a 22% increase in the number of gold equivalent ounces sold. This increase is largely related to the timing of sales;

§A $0.9 million increase in sales revenue from the Chapada copper stream primarily due to an increase in the average realized selling price of copper which increased from an average of $2.63 per pound in the first nine months of 2017 to an average of $3.05 per pound in the first nine months of 2018; and

§A $0.3 million increase in revenue attributable to the Bracemac-McLeod Mine partly related to an increase in the average realized selling price of zinc;

 

 18 

 

 

Partially offset by:

 

§A $4.2 million decrease in Other Royalty revenue largely due to a reduction in royalties received from the Emigrant Springs Mine. During the three months ended December 31, 2017, it was identified that the Company had received, over the course of fiscal 2017, an excess of $1.9 million in royalty payments from Newmont relating to mining concessions that were not subject to the Emigrant Springs royalty. To adjust for this overpayment, during the three months ended December 31, 2017, the Company made a one-time reversal of $1.9 million in royalty revenue to account for previously accrued revenue; and

§A $1.1 million decrease in revenue attributable to the Bachelor Lake Mine gold stream largely driven by a 20% decrease in the number of gold ounces sold. The decrease was largely related to the timing of shipments. As a result, it is anticipated that Bonterra will deliver an additional 1,500 gold ounces during the fourth quarter of 2018 to meet its minimum contractual delivery requirements under the Gold Stream.

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Compared to the Other Quarters
Presented

 

When comparing net income of $2.1 million and cash flow from operating activities of $10.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 with net income/loss and cash flow from operating activities for the other quarters presented, the following items impact comparability of analysis:

 

§A $4.5 million non-cash impairment charge relating to the Company’s Gualcamayo royalty was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2018. During the three months ended December 31, 2017, a $4.6 million non-cash impairment charge relating to the Company’s Emigrant Springs royalty was recognized and a $4.5 million non-cash impairment charge relating to the Company’s royalty on the Coringa gold project was recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2017;

§A $3.0 million gain resulting from the Bachelor Lake Gold Stream amendment for which Sandstorm received consideration consisting of $2.0 million in the common shares of Metanor, which has since been acquired by Bonterra, and a 3.9% NSR on the Barry gold project was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2017;

§The Company recognized gains and losses with respect to the revaluation of its investments, which were primarily driven by changes in the fair value of the Equinox (previously Trek) convertible debenture. These gains/losses were recognized as follows:

 

During the three months ended September 30, 2018, a gain of $0.1 million was recognized;

During the three months ended June 30, 2018, a loss of $0.5 million was recognized;

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, a loss of $0.6 million was recognized;

During the three months ended December 31, 2017, a gain of $4.4 million was recognized;

During the three months ended September 30, 2017, a loss of $0.5 million was recognized;

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, a loss of $0.9 million was recognized;

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, a gain of $2.7 million was recognized;

During the three months ended December 31, 2016, a loss of $3.2 million was recognized;

 

 19 

 

 

§During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recognized a $2.2 million gain primarily resulting from (i) the settlement of the Equinox (previously Trek) debt and (ii) the 20% premium associated with Orezone exercising its option to repurchase the royalty on the Bomboré gold project;

§A general decrease in finance expenses when compared to previous quarters primarily driven by the repayment of the revolving credit facility; and

§Overall, Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold have increased over the course of the last three years as a result of the acquisition of various assets including the Houndé royalty acquisition in January 2018, the Teck Resources Limited royalty package which consists of 52 royalties and was purchased during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and the Yamana silver stream and copper stream which were acquired in the three months ended December 31, 2015.

 

Change In Total Assets

 

Total assets decreased by $46.3 million from June 30, 2018 to September 30, 2018 primarily resulting from (i) a reduction in the Hod Maden interest due to a devaluation of the Turkish Lira, which is the functional currency of the entity that holds the Hod Maden interest, relative to the US dollar, which is the presentation currency of Sandstorm Gold Ltd.; and (ii) a decrease in the valuation of investments. Both of these items were largely responsible for the decrease in other comprehensive income in the period. Total assets decreased by $23.9 million from March 31, 2018 to June 30, 2018 primarily resulting from (i) depletion expense and (ii) a reduction in the Hod Maden interest due to a devaluation of the Turkish Lira relative to the US dollar, with a corresponding decrease in other comprehensive income in the period; partially offset by increases in the Company’s cash balance due to positive cash flow from operating activities. Total assets decreased by $13.6 million from December 31, 2017 to March 31, 2018 primarily resulting from (i) depletion expense; (ii) non-cash impairment charges; and (iii) a reduction in the Hod Maden interest due to a devaluation of the Turkish Lira relative to the US dollar, with a corresponding decrease in other comprehensive income in the period. Total assets decreased by $6.3 million from September 30, 2017 to December 31, 2017 primarily resulting from (i) non-cash impairment charges; (ii) depletion expense; and (iii) a reduction in the Hod Maden interest due to a devaluation of the Turkish Lira relative to the US dollar, with a corresponding decrease in other comprehensive income in the period; partially offset by increases in the value of the Company’s investments and increases in the Company’s cash balance due to positive operating cash flow. Total assets increased by $121.6 million from June 30, 2017 to September 30, 2017 primarily resulting from the acquisition of Mariana Resources Ltd. (“Mariana”) and operating cash flow; partially offset by depletion expense. Total assets decreased by $4.8 million from March 31, 2017 to June 30, 2017 primarily resulting from a decrease in the value of the Company’s investments and a non-cash impairment charge relating to the Company’s royalty on the Coringa gold project; partially offset by operating cash flow. Total assets increased by $15.5 million from December 31, 2016 to March 31, 2017 primarily resulting from an increase in the value of the Company’s investments and operating cash flow; partially offset by depletion expense.

 

 20 

 

 

Non-IFRS and Other Measures

 

The Company has included, throughout this document, certain performance measures, including (i) average cash cost per attributable ounce, (ii) average realized gold price per attributable ounce, (iii) cash operating margin, (iv) cash flows from operating activities excluding changes in non-cash working capital and (v) all in sustaining cost per gold ounce on a co-product basis. The presentation of these non-IFRS measures is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS. These non-IFRS measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS, and other companies may calculate these measures differently.

 

iAverage cash cost per attributable ounce is calculated by dividing the Company’s cost of sales, excluding depletion by the number of Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold. The Company presents average cash cost per ounce as it believes that certain investors use this information to evaluate the Company’s performance in comparison to other streaming companies in the precious metals mining industry who present results on a similar basis. Figure 1.1 provides a reconciliation of average cash cost of gold on a per ounce basis.

 

Figure 1.1  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Cost of Sales, excluding depletion 1  $3,544   $3,512   $11,867   $11,230 
                     
Cash cost of sales is comprised of:                    
Total cash cost of gold sold  $3,544   $3,512   $11,867   $11,230 
                     
Divided by:                    
Total Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold 2   14,314    14,293    43,464    42,601 
                     
Equals:                    
Average cash cost of gold (per attributable ounce)  $248   $246   $273   $264 

 

1Cost of Sales, excluding depletion, includes cash payments made for Gold Equivalent ounces associated with commodity streams.

2The Company’s royalty and other commodity stream income is converted to an Attributable Gold Equivalent ounce basis by dividing the royalty and other commodity income for that period by the average realized gold price per ounce from the Company’s Gold Streams for the same respective period. These Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces when combined with the gold ounces sold from the Company’s Gold Streams equal total Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold.

 

iiAverage realized gold price per attributable ounce is calculated by dividing the Company’s sales by the number of Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold. The Company presents average realized gold price per attributable ounce as it believes that certain investors use this information to evaluate the Company’s performance in comparison to other streaming companies in the precious metals mining industry that present results on a similar basis. Figure 1.2 provides a reconciliation of average realized gold price per ounce.

 

 21 

 

 

Figure 1.2  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Total Revenue  $17,289   $17,939   $55,692   $52,829 
                     
Divided by:                    
Total Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold   14,314    14,293    43,464    42,601 
                     
Equals:                    
Average realized gold price (per attributable ounce)  $1,208   $1,255   $1,281   $1,240 

 

iiiCash operating margin is calculated by subtracting the average cash cost per Attributable Gold Equivalent ounce from the average realized gold price per Attributable Gold Equivalent ounce. The Company presents cash operating margin as it believes that certain investors use this information to evaluate the Company’s performance in comparison to other streaming companies in the precious metals mining industry that present results on a similar basis.

ivCash flows from operating activities excluding changes in non-cash working capital is calculated by adding back the decrease or subtracting the increase in changes in non-cash working capital to or from cash provided by (used in) operating activities. The Company presents cash flows from operating activities excluding changes in non-cash working capital as it believes that certain investors use this information to evaluate the Company’s performance in comparison to other streaming companies in the precious metals mining industry that present results on a similar basis. Figure 1.3 provides a reconciliation of cash flows from operating activities excluding changes in non-cash working capital.

 

Figure 1.3  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Cash flows from operating activities  $10,868   $11,864   $35,985   $34,914 
                     
Add:                    
Changes in non-cash working capital  $564   $(781)  $1,161   $(545)
                     
Equals:                    
Cash flows from operating activities excluding changes in non-cash working capital  $11,432   $11,083   $37,146   $34,369 

 

 22 

 

 

vThe Company has also used the non-IFRS measure of all-in sustaining cost per gold ounce on a co-product basis. With respect to the Hod Maden project, all-in sustaining cost per gold ounce on a co-product basis is calculated by removing the impact of other metals that are produced as a result of gold production and apportions the costs (operating costs, royalties, treatment and refining costs and sustaining capital) to each commodity produced on a percentage of revenue basis. These gold apportioned costs are then divided by the payable gold ounces produced. The Company presents all in sustaining cost per gold ounce on a co-product basis as it believes that certain investors use this information to evaluate the Company’s performance in comparison to other companies in the precious metals mining industry that present results on a similar basis.

[(Operating Costs ($557.6 million) + Royalties ($131.4 million) + Treatment & Refining Costs ($164.9 million ) + Sustaining Capital ($114.2 million)) x Gold Revenue ($2,586.4 million)/Total Revenue ($3,360.8 million)] / Payable Gold Ounces (1,990,000 ounces ) = $374 all in sustaining cost per ounce

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $11.1 million (December 31, 2017 – $12.5 million) and working capital of $21.4 million (December 31, 2017 – $31.9 million). In addition, as of the date of the MD&A, the Company has an undrawn $150.0 million revolving credit facility available for future acquisitions and general corporate purposes.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company generated cash flows from operating activities of $36.0 million compared with $34.9 million during the comparable period in 2017, with the increase being primarily attributable to both an increase in the average realized selling price of gold and an increase in Attributable Gold Equivalent ounces sold.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company had net cash outflows from investing activities of $29.5 million which were primarily the result of the $45 million payment in connection with the Houndé royalty acquisition; partially offset by $24.0 million in cash receipts largely driven from the sale of Equinox debt and equity investments as the Company continues to monetize its non-core investments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company had net cash outflows from investing activities of $38.3 million which were primarily the result of: (i) $48.3 million in cash outflows relating to the Mariana acquisition which included the cash consideration of the transaction and associated acquisition costs, which were partially offset by the cash Mariana had on acquisition; (ii) the acquisition of investments and other assets; and (iii) $3.6 million in payments related to the acquisition of royalty interests; partially offset by: (i) $13.8 million of cash inflows largely resulting from the sale of investments as the Company continues to monetize its non-core investments and (ii) $3.6 million relating to Orezone exercising its option to repurchase its royalty on the Bomboré gold project.

 

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company had net cash outflows from financing of $7.6 million largely related to cash outflows of $11.0 million related to the redemption of the Company’s common shares under the NCIB; partially offset by $3.4 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants. During this same period, the Company drew down $16 million on its revolving credit facility to help fund the acquisition of the Houndé royalty. The $16 million draw down was subsequently repaid within the same period utilizing cash flow from operating activities and the proceeds from the sale of non-core investments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company drew down $16 million on its revolving credit facility to fund a portion of the cash consideration required for the Mariana acquisition. The $16 million drawn down was subsequently repaid within the same period utilizing cash flow from operating activities and the proceeds from the sale of non-core investments. In addition, the Company had cash outflows of $14.2 million related to the redemption of the Company’s common shares under the NCIB.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

In connection with its commodity streams, the Company has committed
to purchase the following:

 

Stream  % of Life of Mine Gold
 or Relevant Commodity 4,5,6,7,8,9
  Per Ounce Cash Payment:
 lesser of amount below and the then
prevailing market price of commodity
(unless otherwise noted) 1, 2, 3
Bachelor Lake  20%  $500
Black Fox  8%  $540
Chapada  4.2%  30% of copper spot price
Entrée  5.62% on Hugo North Extension and 4.26% on Heruga  $220
Karma  26,875 ounces over 5 years and 1.625% thereafter  20% of gold spot price
Ming  25% of the first 175,000 ounces of gold produced, and 12% thereafter  $nil
Santa Elena  20%  $455
Yamana silver stream  Varies  30% of silver spot price

 

1Subject to an annual inflationary adjustment except for Ming.

2For the Entrée Gold Stream, after approximately 8.6 million ounces of gold have been produced from the joint venture property, the price increases to $500 per gold ounce.

3For the Entrée silver stream, percentage of life of mine is 5.62% on Hugo North Extension and 4.26% on Heruga which the Company can purchase for the lesser of the prevailing market price and $5 per ounce of silver until 40.3 million ounces of silver have been produced from the entire joint venture property. Thereafter, the purchase price will increase to the lesser of the prevailing market price and $10 per ounce of silver.

4For the Entrée Gold and silver stream, percentage of life of mine is 5.62% on Hugo North Extension and 4.26% on Heruga if the minerals produced are contained below 560 metres in depth.

5For the Entrée Gold and silver stream, percentage of life of mine is 8.43% on Hugo North Extension and 6.39% on Heruga if the minerals produced are contained above 560 metres in depth.

6For the Entrée copper stream, the Company has committed to purchase an amount equal to 0.42% of the copper produced from the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits. If the minerals produced are contained above 560 metres in depth, then the commitment increases to 0.62% for both the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits. Sandstorm will make ongoing per pound cash payments equal to the lesser of $0.50 and the then prevailing market price of copper, until 9.1 billion pounds of copper have been produced from the entire joint venture property. Thereafter, the ongoing per pound payments will increase to the lesser of $1.10 and the then prevailing market price of copper.

7For the Chapada copper stream, the Company has committed to purchase an amount equal to 4.2% of the copper produced (up to an annual maximum of 3.9 million pounds of copper) until Yamana has delivered 39 million pounds of copper to Sandstorm; then 3.0% of the copper produced until, on a cumulative basis, Yamana has delivered 50 million pounds of copper to Sandstorm; then 1.5% of the copper produced thereafter, for the life of the mine.

8Under the terms of the Yamana silver stream, Sandstorm has agreed to purchase an amount of silver from Cerro Moro equal to 20% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 1.2 million ounces of silver), until Yamana has delivered to Sandstorm 7.0 million ounces of silver; then 9.0% of the silver produced thereafter. As part of the Yamana silver stream, through 2018, Sandstorm has also agreed to purchase an amount of silver from: (i) the Minera Florida mine in Chile equal to 38% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 200,000 ounces of silver); and (ii) the Chapada mine in Brazil equal to 52% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 100,000 ounces of silver).

9For the Bachelor Lake Gold Stream, the Company has committed to purchase 20% of gold produced until 6,000 ounces have been purchased.

 

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Share Capital

 

As of November 14, 2018, the Company had 182,630,886 common shares outstanding. As disclosed previously, the funds from the issuance of share capital have been used to finance the acquisition of Gold Streams and royalties (recent acquisitions are described earlier in greater detail), with the net proceeds of the 2016 equity financing used to reduce the balance of the Company’s revolving credit facility.

 

A summary of the Company’s share purchase options
as of November 14, 2018 are as follows:

 

Year of
expiry
  Number
outstanding
   Vested   Exercise price
per share (range)
(CAD)1
  Weighted average
exercise price per
share (CAD)1, 2
 
2018  32,375   32,375   2.93 – 8.89   5.21 
2019  2,601,033   2,601,033   1.45 – 6.03   2.75 
2020  1,258,666   830,671   3.60 – 3.64   3.61 
2021  1,382,740   507,412   2.64 – 4.96   4.64 
2022  1,257,534   462,534   4.84 – 15.00   4.89 
   6,532,348   4,434,025       3.35 

 

1For options exercisable in British Pounds Sterling (“GBP”), exercise price is translated to Canadian Dollars (“CAD”) using the period end exchange rate.

2Weighted average exercise price of options that are exercisable.

 

A summary of the Company’s warrants
as of November 14, 2018 are as follows:

 

Number outstanding   Exercise price per share   Expiry Date
3,000,000   $4.50   March 23, 2020
15,000,000    3.50   October 27, 2020
4,966,400    4.00   November 3, 2020
22,966,400         

 

The Company has 1,931,873 Restricted Share Rights (“RSRs”) outstanding as at November 14, 2018.

 

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Key Management Personnel Compensation

 

The remuneration of directors and those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling activities of the Company are as follows:

 

In $000s  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Employee salaries and benefits  $299   $300   $912   $864 
Share based payments   583    651    1,731    1,939 
Total key management compensation expense  $882   $951   $2,643   $2,803 

 

Financial Instruments

 

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other, short-term and long-term investments, receivables and other, trade and other payables. The Company’s short and long-term investments are initially recorded at fair value and subsequently revalued to their fair market value at each period end based on inputs such as equity prices. Investments are held for long-term strategic purposes. The fair value of the Company's other financial instruments which include cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other, trade and other payables approximate their carrying values at September 30, 2018.

 

Credit Risk

 

The Company’s credit risk is limited to cash and cash equivalents, loans receivable, trade receivables and other and the Company’s investments in convertible debentures. The Company’s trade receivables and other is subject to the credit risk of the counterparties who own and operate the mines underlying Sandstorm’s royalty portfolio. In order to mitigate its exposure to credit risk, the Company closely monitors its financial assets and maintains its cash deposits in several high-quality financial institutions. The Company’s convertible debenture due from Equinox is subject to Equinox’s credit risk, the Company’s ability to realize on its security, and the risk that the value of Equinox’s equity decreases below the puttable price of the instrument.

 

Currency Risk

 

Financial instruments that impact the Company’s net income (loss) or other comprehensive income (loss) due to currency fluctuations include: cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other, investments and trade and other payables denominated in Canadian dollars. Based on the Company's Canadian dollar denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities at September 30, 2018 a 10% increase (decrease) of the value of the Canadian dollar relative to the United States dollar would increase (decrease) net income by $1.0 million and other comprehensive income by $2.3 million, respectively.

 

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Other Risks

 

Sandstorm holds common shares, convertible debentures, and warrants and investments of other companies with a combined fair market value as at September 30, 2018 of $54.0 million (December 31, 2017 – $78.9 million). The daily exchange traded volume of these shares, including the shares underlying the warrants, may not be sufficient for the Company to liquidate its position in a short period of time without potentially affecting the market value of the shares. The Company is subject to default risk with respect to any debt instruments. The Company is exposed to equity price risk as a result of holding these investments in other mining companies. The Company does not actively trade these investments. Based on the Company's investments held as at September 30, 2018 a 10% increase (decrease) in the equity prices of these investments would increase (decrease) net income by $0.9 million and other comprehensive income by $3.2 million.

 

Risks to Sandstorm

 

The primary risk factors affecting the Company are set forth below. For additional discussion of risk factors, please refer to the Company’s annual information form dated March 29, 2018, which is available on www.sedar.com.

 

The Chapada Mine, the Cerro Moro Mine, the Diavik Mine, the Aurizona Mine, the Santa Elena Mine, the Karma Mine, the Ming Mine, the Black Fox Mine, the Bachelor Lake Mine, the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits, the Mt. Hamilton Project, the Gualcamayo Mine, the Emigrant Springs Mine, the Thunder Creek Mine, MWS, the San Andres Mine, the Prairie Creek Project, the Bracemac-McLeod Mine, the Hod Maden Project, the Hackett River Project, the Lobo-Marte Project, Agi Dagi and Kirazli, Houndé Mine and other royalties and commodity streams in Sandstorm’s portfolios are hereafter referred to as the “Mines”.

 

Risks Relating to Mineral Projects

 

To the extent that they relate to the production of gold or an applicable commodity from, or the operation of, the Mines, the Company will be subject to the risk factors applicable to the operators of such Mines. Whether the Mines will be commercially viable depends on a number of factors, including cash costs associated with extraction and processing, the particular attributes of the deposit, such as size, grade and proximity to infrastructure, as well as metal prices which are highly cyclical and government regulations, including regulations relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land tenure, land use, importing and exporting of minerals and environmental protection. The Mines are also subject to other risks that could lead to their shutdown and closure including flooding and weather related events, the failure to receive permits or having existing permits revoked, collapse of mining infrastructure including tailings pond, as well as community or social related issues. The exact effect of these factors cannot be accurately predicted, but the combination of these factors may result in the Mines becoming uneconomic resulting in their shutdown and closure. The Company is not entitled to purchase gold, other commodities, receive royalties or receive economic benefit from its interest in the Hod Maden Project, if no gold or applicable commodity is produced from the Mines.

 

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No Control Over Mining Operations

 

The Company has no contractual rights relating to the operation or development of the Mines. Except for any payments which may be payable in accordance with applicable completion guarantees or cash flow guarantees, the Company will not be entitled to any material compensation if these mining operations do not meet their forecasted gold or other production targets in any specified period or if the Mines shut down or discontinue their operations on a temporary or permanent basis. The Mines may not commence commercial production within the time frames anticipated, if at all, and there can be no assurance that the gold or other production from such properties will ultimately meet forecasts or targets. At any time, any of the operators of the Mines or their successors may decide to suspend or discontinue operations. The Company is subject to the risk that the Mines shut down on a temporary or permanent basis due to issues including, but not limited to economics, lack of financial capital, floods, fire, mechanical malfunctions, social unrest, expropriation and other risks. There are no guarantees the Mines will achieve commercial production, ramp-up targets or complete expansion plans. These issues are common in the mining industry and can occur frequently.

 

Government Regulations

 

The Mines are subject to various foreign laws and regulations governing prospecting, exploration, development, production, exports, taxes, labour standards, waste disposal, protection and remediation of the environment, reclamation, historic and cultural resources preservation, mine safety and occupational health, handling, storage and transportation of hazardous substances and other matters. It is possible that the risks of expropriation, cancellation or dispute of licenses could result in substantial costs, losses and liabilities in the future. The costs of discovering, evaluating, planning, designing, developing, constructing, operating and closing the Mines in compliance with such laws and regulations are significant. It is possible that the costs and delays associated with compliance of such laws and regulations could become such that the owners or operators of the Mines would not proceed with the development of or continue to operate the Mines. Moreover, it is possible that future regulatory developments, such as increasingly strict environmental protection laws, regulations and enforcement policies thereunder, and claims for damages to property and persons resulting from the Mines could result in substantial costs and liabilities in the future.

 

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International Operations

 

The operations with respect to the Company’s gold and other precious metals interests are conducted in Canada, Mexico, the United States, Mongolia, Burkina Faso, South Africa, Ghana, Botswana, Cote D’Ivoire, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Paraguay, Honduras, French Guiana, Turkey, Sweden and Australia and as such, the Mines are exposed to various levels of political, economic and other risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, terrorism, international sanctions, hostage taking, military repression, crime, political instability, currency controls, extreme fluctuations in currency exchange rates, high rates of inflation, labour unrest, the risks of war or civil unrest, expropriation and nationalization, renegotiation or nullification of existing concessions, licenses, permits, approvals and contracts, illegal mining, changes in taxation policies, restrictions on foreign exchange and repatriation, and changing political conditions, and governmental regulations. Changes, if any, in mining or investment policies or shifts in political attitude may adversely affect the operations or profitability of the Mines in these countries. Operations may be affected in varying degrees by government regulations with respect to, but not limited to, restrictions on production, price controls, export controls, currency remittance, income taxes, expropriation of property, foreign investment, maintenance of claims, environmental legislation, land use, land claims of local people, water use, mine safety and the rewarding of contracts to local contractors or require foreign contractors to employ citizens of, or purchase supplies from, a particular jurisdiction. Any adverse developments with respect to Lidya, its cooperation or in its exploration, development, permitting and operation of the Hod Maden Project in Turkey may adversely affect the Company’s 30% net profits interest in the project. There are no assurances that the Company will be able to successfully convert its 30% interest in the Hod Maden Project into a commodity stream or royalty. Any changes or unfavorable assessments with respect to (i) the validity, ownership or existence of the Entrée concessions; as well as (ii) the validity or enforceability of Entrée’s joint venture agreement with Oyu Tolgoi LLC may adversely affect the Company’s profitability or profits realized under the Entrée Stream. A failure to comply strictly with applicable laws, regulations and local practices relating to mineral right applications and tenure, could result in loss, reduction or expropriation of entitlements, or the imposition of additional local or foreign parties as joint venture partners with carried or other interests. The occurrence of these various factors and uncertainties cannot be accurately predicted and could have an adverse effect on the Mines.

 

Income Taxes

 

No assurance can be given that new taxation rules will not be enacted or that existing rules will not be applied in a manner which could result in the Company’s past and future profits being subject to increased levels of income tax. The Company’s prior years’ tax returns are currently under audit by the Canada Revenue Agency (“CRA”), and no assurances can be given that tax matters, if they so arise will be resolved favorably. The CRA is currently finalizing an audit of Sandstorm Gold Ltd.’s 2010 – June 2015 tax returns and has issued a proposal letter dated October 2018. Based on the letter received, there would be no adverse implications for the Company’s financial statements if the Company accepted the CRA’s proposed adjustments. The majority of the Company’s Streams and royalties have been entered into directly by Canadian based subsidiaries and are therefore, subject to Canadian tax. The profits attributable to the Company’s historical Barbados entity have all been attributed to Canada and the profits from these Streams continue to be subject to Canadian tax.

 

Commodity Prices for Metals Produced from the Mines

 

The price of the common shares, warrants, and the Company’s financial results may be significantly adversely affected by a decline in the price of gold, silver and/or copper (collectively, the “Metals”). The price of the Metals fluctuates widely, especially in recent years, and is affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control, including but not limited to, the sale or purchase of the Metals by various central banks and financial institutions, interest rates, exchange rates, inflation or deflation, fluctuation in the value of the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies, global and regional supply and demand, and the political and economic conditions of major gold, silver and copper producing countries throughout the world.

 

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In the event that the prevailing market price of the Metals are at or below the price at which the Company can purchase such commodities pursuant to the terms of the Stream agreements associated with the metal interests, the Company will not generate positive cash flow or earnings. Declines in market prices could cause an operator to reduce, suspend or terminate production from an operating project or construction work at a development project, which may result in a temporary or permanent reduction or cessation of revenue from those projects, and the Company might not be able to recover the initial investment in Streams and royalties.

 

Diamond Prices and Demand for Diamonds

 

The price of the common shares, warrants, and the Company’s financial results may be significantly adversely affected by a decline in the price and demand for diamonds. Diamond prices fluctuate and are affected by numerous factors beyond the control of the Company, including worldwide economic trends, worldwide levels of diamond discovery and production, and the level of demand for, and discretionary spending on, luxury goods such as diamonds. Low or negative growth in the worldwide economy, renewed or additional credit market disruptions, natural disasters or the occurrence of terrorist attacks or similar activities creating disruptions in economic growth could result in decreased demand for luxury goods such as diamonds, thereby negatively affecting the price of diamonds. Similarly, a substantial increase in the worldwide level of diamond production or the release of stocks held back during recent periods of lower demand could also negatively affect the price of diamonds. In each case, such developments could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations.

 

Information Systems and Cyber Security

 

The Company’s information systems, and those of its counterparties under the precious metal purchase agreements and vendors, are vulnerable to an increasing threat of continually evolving cybersecurity risks. Unauthorized parties may attempt to gain access to these systems or the Company’s information through fraud or other means of deceiving the Company’s counterparties.

 

The Company’s operations depend, in part, on how well the Company and its suppliers, as well as counterparties under the precious metal purchase agreements, protect networks, equipment, information technology systems and software against damage from a number of threats. The failure of information systems or a component of information systems could, depending on the nature of any such failure, adversely impact the Company’s reputation and results of operations.

 

Although to date the Company has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber-attacks or other information security breaches, there can be no assurance that the Company will not incur such losses in the future. The Company’s risk and exposure to these matters cannot be fully mitigated because of, among other things, the evolving nature of these threats. As a result, cyber security and the continued development and enhancement of controls, processes and practices designed to protect systems, computers, software, data and networks from attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a priority.

 

Key Management

 

The Company is dependent upon the services of a small number of key management personnel who are highly skilled and experienced. The Company’s ability to manage its activities will depend in large part on the efforts of these individuals. The Company faces intense competition for qualified personnel, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to attract and retain such personnel. The loss of the services of one or more of such key management personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company.

 

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Solvency Risk of Counterparties

 

The price of the common shares and the Company’s financial results may be significantly affected by the Mines operators’ ability to continue as a going concern and have access to capital. The lack of access to capital could result in these companies entering bankruptcy proceedings and as a result, Sandstorm may not be able to realize any value from its respective streams or royalties.

 

Other

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenditures during the periods presented. Notes 2 and 4 of the Company’s 2017 annual consolidated financial statements and note 2 (c) of the Company’s third quarter 2018 condensed consolidated interim financial statements describes all of the significant accounting policies as well as the significant judgments and estimates.

 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that all relevant information is gathered and reported to senior management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, on a timely basis so that appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosure. The Company’s system of disclosure controls and procedures includes, but is not limited to, the Disclosure Policy, the Code of Conduct, the Stock Trading Policy, Corporate Governance, the effective functioning of the Audit Committee and procedures in place to systematically identify matters warranting consideration of disclosure by the Audit Committee.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in the rules of the National Instrument 52-109 in Canada (“NI 52-109”) and under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, in the United States. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the Company’s financial reporting for external purposes in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.

 

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes:

 

·maintaining records, that in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;

·providing reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary for preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB;

·providing reasonable assurance that receipts and expenditures are made in accordance with authorizations of management and the directors of the Company; and

 

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·providing reasonable assurance that unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of Company assets that could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements would be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

 

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements because of inherent limitations. Additionally, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with the Company’s policies and procedures.

 

Changes in Internal Controls

 

There were no changes in internal controls of the Company during the three months ended September 30, 2018 that have materially affected, or are likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures.

 

Limitations of Controls and Procedures

 

The Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, believe that any disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls over financial reporting, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, they cannot provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been prevented or detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by unauthorized override of the control. The design of any systems of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Accordingly, because of the inherent limitations in a cost effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

 

Future Changes in Accounting Policies

 

The IASB has issued the following new standard but it is not yet effective. Pronouncements that are not applicable to the Company have been excluded from this note.

 

In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16 Leases, which requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases. IFRS 16 becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019 and is to be applied retrospectively. The new standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

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Forward Looking Statements

 

This MD&A and any exhibits attached hereto and incorporated herein, if any, contain “forward-looking statements”, within the meaning of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the U.S. Securities exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and applicable Canadian and other securities legislation, concerning the business, operations and financial performance and condition of Sandstorm. Forward-looking information is provided as of the date of this MD&A and Sandstorm does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update this forward-looking information, except as required by law.

 

Generally, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “plans”, “expects” or “does not expect”, “is expected”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “anticipates” or “does not anticipate”, or “believes”, or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or “will be taken”, “occur” or “be achieved”. Forward-looking information is based on reasonable assumptions that have been made by Sandstorm as at the date of such information and is subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements of Sandstorm to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking information, including but not limited to: the impact of general business and economic conditions; the Chapada Mine, the Cerro Moro Mine, the Houndé Mine, the Ming Mine, the Gualcamayo Mine, the Karma Mine, the Emigrant Springs Mine, the Thunder Creek Mine, MWS, the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits, the mines underlying the Sandstorm portfolio of royalties, the Bachelor Lake Mine, the Diavik Mine, the Mt. Hamilton Project, the Prairie Creek Project, the San Andres Mine, the Hod Maden Project, the Hackett River Project, the Lobo-Marte Project, Agi Dagi and Kirazli or the Bracemac-McLeod Mine; the absence of control over mining operations from which Sandstorm will purchase gold and risks related to those mining operations, including risks related to international operations, government and environmental regulation, actual results of current exploration activities, conclusions of economic evaluations and changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined; problems inherent to the marketability of minerals; industry conditions, including fluctuations in the price of metals, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and fluctuations in interest rates; government entities interpreting existing tax legislation or enacting new tax legislation in a way which adversely affects Sandstorm; stock market volatility; competition; as well as those factors discussed in the section entitled “Risks to Sandstorm” herein and those risks described in the section entitled “Risk Factors” contained in Sandstorm’s most recent Annual Information Form for the year ended December 31, 2017 available at www.sedar.com and www.sec.gov and incorporated by reference herein.

 

Forward-looking information in this MD&A includes, among other things, disclosure regarding: Sandstorm’s existing Gold Streams and royalties as well as its future outlook, the Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource estimates for each of the Chapada Mine, the Cerro Moro Mine, the Houndé Mine, the Diavik Mine, the Aurizona Mine, the Gualcamayo Mine, the Emigrant Springs Mine, the Thunder Creek Mine, MWS, the Santa Elena Mine, the Ming Mine, the Black Fox Mine, the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits, the Karma Mine, the mines underlying the Sandstorm portfolio of royalties, the Bachelor Lake Mine, the Mt. Hamilton Project, the Prairie Creek Project, the San Andres Mine, the Hod Maden Project, the Hackett River Project, the Lobo-Marte Project, Agi Dagi and Kirazli and the Bracemac-McLeod Mine. Forward-looking information is based on assumptions management believes to be reasonable, including but not limited to the continued operation of the mining operations from which Sandstorm will purchase gold, other commodity or receive royalties from, no material adverse change in the market price of commodities, that the mining operations will operate in accordance with their public statements and achieve their stated production outcomes, and such other assumptions and factors as set out therein.

 

Although Sandstorm has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking information, there may be other factors that cause actions, events or results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that such information will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such information. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information.

 

 33 

 

  

Q3 2018

 

Condensed Consolidated Interim
Financial Statements

 

(Unaudited)

 

For The Period Ended September 30, 2018

 

 34 

 

  

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Financial Position
(unaudited)
Expressed in U.S. Dollars
($000s)

 

— ASSETS  Note  September 30, 2018   December 31, 2017 
Current           
Cash and cash equivalents     $11,147   $12,539 
Short-term investments  6   9,010    18,252 
Trade receivables and other      6,072    7,568 
      $26,229   $38,359 
Non-current             
Mineral, royalty and other interests  4  $381,681   $365,477 
Hod Maden interest  5   110,121    177,452 
Investments  6   45,023    60,630 
Deferred income tax assets      10,168    13,581 
Other long term assets      3,876    2,817 
Exploration assets      -    2,599 
Total assets     $577,098   $660,915 
              
LIABILITIES             
Current             
Trade and other payables     $4,804   $6,438 
              
Non-current             
Deferred income tax liabilities     $582   $2,807 
      $5,386   $9,245 
              
— EQUITY             
Share capital     $692,640   $693,880 
Reserves      20,641    23,659 
Deficit      (22,012)   (25,135)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss      (119,557)   (40,734)
      $571,712   $651,670 
Total liabilities and equity     $577,098   $660,915 

 

Contractual obligations (Note 12)

 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:

 

“Nolan Watson”, Director “David De Witt”, Director

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements

 

 35 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Income (Loss)
(unaudited)
Expressed in U.S. Dollars ($000s)
Except for per share amounts

 

   Note  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Sales  13  $10,766   $11,534   $38,109   $36,230 
Royalty revenue  13   6,523    6,405    17,583    16,599 
      $17,289   $17,939   $55,692   $52,829 
                        
Cost of sales, excluding depletion     $3,544   $3,512   $11,867   $11,230 
Depletion      6,450    7,169    22,132    23,115 
Total cost of sales     $9,994   $10,681   $33,999   $34,345 
                        
Gross profit     $7,295   $7,258   $21,693   $18,484 
                        
Expenses and other (income)                       
Administration expenses 1  9  $1,608   $1,866   $4,914   $4,863 
Project evaluation 1      1,072    1,086    3,180    3,285 
Foreign exchange loss (gain)      1,314    (89)   2,301    (2,073)
(Gain) loss on revaluation of investments  6   (88)   452    1,022    (1,415)
Finance income      (56)   (14)   (92)   (695)
Finance expense      392    527    1,268    1,633 
Mineral, royalty and other interests impairments  4(b)   -    -    4,475    4,534 
(Gain) loss on mineral interest disposal and other      (146)   (3,364)   186    (5,574)
Income before taxes     $3,199   $6,794   $4,439   $13,926 
                        
Current income tax expense     $464   $588   $974   $1,187 
Deferred income tax expense      642    1,433    342    2,911 
      $1,106   $2,021   $1,316   $4,098 
Net income for the period     $2,093   $4,773   $3,123   $9,828 
                        
Basic earnings per share     $0.01   $0.03   $0.02   $0.06 
Diluted earnings per share     $0.01   $0.02   $0.02   $0.06 
                        
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding                       
Basic  7(e)   183,236,530    182,242,318    183,790,578    162,170,852 
Diluted  7(e)   188,607,227    191,109,190    191,869,416    168,839,728 
                        
1. Equity settled stock based compensation
(a non-cash item) is included in administration expenses and project evaluation
     $993   $946   $2,842   $2,837 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements

 

 36 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(unaudited)
Expressed in U.S. Dollars
($000s)

 

   Note  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Net income for the period     $2,093   $4,773   $3,123   $9,828 
                        
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME FOR THE PERIOD                       
Items that may subsequently be re-classified to net income:                       
Currency translation differences     $(35,683)  $(1,020)  $(67,174)  $(873)
Items that will not subsequently be re-classified to net income:                       
(Loss) gain on FVTOCI investments  6   (3,058)   1,019    (10,803)   2,350 
Tax recovery (expense) on FVTOCI investments      3    (593)   (846)   (270)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income for the period     $(38,738)  $(594)  $(78,823)  $1,207 
Total comprehensive (loss) income for the period     $(36,645)  $4,179   $(75,700)  $11,035 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements

 

 37 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
Expressed in U.S. Dollars ($000s)

 

Cash flow from (used in):  Note  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
— OPERATING ACTIVITIES                       
Net income for the period     $2,093   $4,773   $3,123   $9,828 
Items not affecting cash:                       
Depletion and depreciation and financing amortization     $6,690   $7,341   $22,903   $23,831 
Mineral, royalty and other interests impairments  4(b)   -    -    4,475    4,534 
Deferred income tax expense      642    1,433    342    2,911 
Share based payments      993    946    2,842    2,837 
(Gain) loss on revaluation of investments  6   (88)   452    1,022    (1,415)
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain)      1,278    -    2,305    (2,006)
 (Gain) loss on mineral interest disposal and other      (147)   (3,862)   163    (5,742)
Interest on loan receivable      (29)   -    (29)   (409)
Changes in non-cash working capital  10   (564)   781    (1,161)   545 
      $10,868   $11,864   $35,985   $34,914 
— INVESTING ACTIVITIES                       
Acquisition of mineral, royalty and other interests  4(b)  $(60)  $(1,587)  $(46,004)  $(3,558)
Proceeds from disposal of investments and other      860    2,206    24,000    13,797 
Acquisition of investments and other assets      (2,695)   (99)   (5,980)   (3,505)
Investment in Hod Maden interest  5   -    (285)   (1,529)   (285)
Proceeds from disposal of mineral, royalty and other interests      -    -    -    3,600 
Acquisition of Mariana Resources Limited      -    (48,299)   -    (48,299)
Transfers of restricted cash      -    51,928    -    - 
      $(1,895)  $3,864   $(29,513)  $(38,250)
— FINANCING ACTIVITIES                       
Redemption of common shares (normal course issuer bid)     $(10,953)  $(14,204)  $(10,953)  $(14,204)
Bank debt drawn      -    -    16,000    16,000 
Bank debt repaid      -    -    (16,000)   (16,000)
Proceeds on exercise of warrants, options and other      68    367    3,356    386 
      $(10,885)  $(13,837)  $(7,597)  $(13,818)
                        
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents     $(169)  $(374)  $(267)  $1,807 
                        
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents     $(2,081)  $1,517   $(1,392)  $(15,347)
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of the period      13,228    4,570    12,539    21,434 
Cash and cash equivalents — end of the period     $11,147   $6,087   $11,147   $6,087 

 

Supplemental cash flow information (Note 10)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements

 

 38 

 

  

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Changes in Equity
(unaudited)
Expressed in U.S. Dollars ($000s)

 

      SHARE CAPITAL   RESERVES             
   Note  Number   Amount   Share Options
and Restricted
Share Rights
   Share
Purchase
Warrants
   Deficit   Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
   Total 
At January 1, 2017      151,931,282   $573,085   $10,898   $13,017   $(35,672)  $(34,023)  $527,305 
Options exercised  7 (b)   65,176    227    (137)   -    -    -    90 
Warrants exercised  7 (c)   503,816    1,769    -    (1,426   -    -    343 
Vesting of restricted share rights      48,013    184    (184)   -    -    -    - 
Acquisition and cancellation of common shares (normal course issuer bid)      (3,299,772)   (14,204)   -    -    -    -    (14,204)
Shares issued for acquisition of Mariana Resources Ltd.      32,685,228    122,569    -    -    -    -    122,569 
Issuance of Mariana Resources Ltd. replacement equity awards      -    -    3,207    5,578    -    -    8,785 
Financing costs and other      -    8    -    -    -    -    8 
Share based payments      -    -    2,837    -    -    -    2,837 
Total comprehensive income (loss)      -    -    -    -    9,828    1,207    11,035 
At September 30, 2017      181,933,743   $683,638   $16,621   $17,169   $(25,844)  $(32,816)  $658,768 
Options exercised  7 (b)   731,952    2,900    (977)   -    -    -    1,923 
Warrants exercised  7 (c)   555,426    2,142    -    (1,377)   -    -    765 
Vesting of restricted share rights      271,381    851    (851)   -    -    -    - 
Expiration of unexercised warrants      -    7,874    -    (7,874)   -    -    - 
Acquisition and cancellation of common shares (normal course issuer bid)      (807,000)   (3,525)   -    -    -    -    (3,525)
Share based payments      -    -    948    -    -    -    948 
Total comprehensive income (loss)      -    -    -    -    709    (7,918)   (7,209)
At December 31, 2017      182,685,502   $693,880   $15,741   $7,918   $(25,135)  $(40,734)  $651,670 
Options exercised  7 (b)   1,113,575    3,842    (996)   -    -    -    2,846 
Warrants exercised and expired  7 (c)   1,020,624    3,961    -    (2,954)   -    -    1,007 
Vesting of restricted share rights      348,585    1,910    (1,910)   -    -    -    - 
Acquisition of common shares (normal course issuer bid)      (2,537,400)   (10,953)   -    -    -    -    (10,953)
Share based payments      -    -    2,842    -    -    -    2,842 
Total comprehensive income (loss)      -    -    -    -    3,123    (78,823)   (75,700)
At September 30, 2018      182,630,886   $692,640   $15,677   $4,964   $(22,012)  $(119,557)  $571,712 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements

 

 39 

 

 

Notes to the Unaudited
Condensed Consolidated Interim
Financial Statements

 

September 30, 2018
Expressed in U.S. dollars

 

1 – Nature of Operations

 

Sandstorm Gold Ltd. was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia on March 23, 2007. Sandstorm Gold Ltd. and its subsidiary entities (collectively "Sandstorm", "Sandstorm Gold" or the "Company") is a resource-based company that seeks to acquire gold and other metals purchase agreements (“Gold Streams” or “Streams”) and royalties from companies that have advanced stage development projects or operating mines. In return for making an upfront payment to acquire a Gold Stream or royalty, Sandstorm receives the right to purchase, at a fixed price per unit or at a fixed percentage of the spot price, a percentage of a mine’s production for the life of the mine (in the case of a stream) or a portion of the revenue generated from the mine (in the case of a royalty).

 

The head office, principal address and registered office of the Company are located at Suite 1400, 400 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 3A6.

 

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors of the Company on November 14, 2018.

 

2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

A.Statement of Compliance

 

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), applicable to preparation of interim financial statements including International Accounting Standard 34-Interim Financial Reporting ("IAS 34"). Accordingly, certain disclosures included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB have been condensed or omitted. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

The accounting policies applied in the preparation of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements are consistent with those applied and disclosed in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 with the exception of new accounting policies described in note 2 (c). The Company’s interim results are not necessarily indicative of its results for a full year.

 

 40 

 

 

B.Basis of Presentation

 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments, which are measured at fair value or amortized cost. Seasonality is not considered to have a significant impact over the condensed interim financial statements.

 

The consolidated financial statements are presented in United States dollars, and all values are rounded to the nearest thousand except as otherwise indicated.

 

C.New Accounting Policies and Future Changes in Accounting Policies

 

Adoption of IFRS 15: Revenue from contracts with customers

 

IFRS 15 establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much and when revenue is recognized. It has replaced IAS 18 Revenue, IAS 11 Construction Contracts and related interpretations. The new standard establishes a five-step model to account for revenue arising from contracts with customers. Under IFRS 15, revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer.

 

The Company has adopted IFRS 15 using the modified retrospective approach with the effect of initially applying this standard recognized at the date of initial application – January 1, 2018. Accordingly, the information presented for 2017 has not been restated and is presented, as previously reported, under IAS 18 and related interpretations. Because the adoption of IFRS 15 did not result in a change to the timing and measurement of the Company’s revenue, there was no impact on retained earnings at January 1, 2018.

 

The following is the significant accounting policy that has been amended as a result of adoption of IFRS 15.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is comprised of revenue earned in the period from royalty and mineral stream interests. In accordance with IFRS 15, the Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of the relevant commodity to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those commodities.

 

For stream agreements, revenue recognition occurs when the relevant commodity received from the stream operator is transferred by the Company to its third-party customers.

 

For royalty interests, revenue recognition occurs when the relevant commodity is transferred to the end customer by the operator of the royalty property. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable when management can reliably estimate the amount, pursuant to the terms of the royalty agreement. In some instances, the Company will not have access to sufficient information to make a reasonable estimate of consideration to which it expects to be entitled and, accordingly, revenue recognition is deferred until management can make a reasonable estimate. Differences between estimates and actual amounts are adjusted and recorded in the period that the actual amounts are known.

 

Under the terms of certain royalty agreements, revenue may be subject to adjustment upon final settlement of estimated metal prices, weights, and assays. Provisionally-priced revenues are initially recognized based on forward prices. Adjustments to revenue from metal prices are recorded at each reporting period and other adjustments are recorded on final settlement and are offset against revenue when incurred.

 

 41 

 

 

IFRS 16: LEASES

 

In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16 Leases, which requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases. IFRS 16 becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019 and is to be applied retrospectively. The new standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

IFRIC INTERPRETATION 23: UNCERTAINTY OVER INCOME TAX TREATMENTS

 

In June 2017, the IASB issued IFRS Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”) Interpretation 23 Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments, which is applied to the determination of taxable profit or loss, unused tax losses, unused tax credits, tax rates and tax bases, when there is uncertainty about income tax treatment under IAS 12 Income Taxes. IFRIC 23 becomes effective January 1, 2019 and is to be applied retrospectively. The Company is currently assessing the impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

3 – Financial Instruments

 

A.Fair Value Estimation

 

The fair value hierarchy establishes three levels to classify the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

 

Level 1 | Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Investments in common shares and warrants held that have direct listings on an exchange are classified as Level 1.

 

Level 2 | Quoted prices in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liabilities. Investments in warrants and convertible debt instruments held that are not listed on an exchange are classified as Level 2.

 

Level 3 | Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).

 

The following table sets forth the Company's financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. As required by IFRS 13, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

 

 42 

 

 

As at September 30, 2018:

 

In $000s  Total   Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
Short-term investments                         
Convertible debt  $9,010   $-   $9,010   $- 
Long-term investments                    
Common shares held  $32,045   $32,045   $-   $- 
Warrants and other   2,104    -    2,104    - 
Convertible debt   10,874    -    10,874    - 
   $54,033   $32,045   $21,988   $- 

 

 

As at December 31, 2017:

 

In $000s  Total   Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
Short-term investments                          
Common shares held  $3,252   $3,252   $-   $- 
Convertible debt   15,000    -    15,000    - 
Long-term investments                    
Common shares held  $40,722   $40,722   $-   $- 
Warrants   3,313    -    3,313    - 
Convertible debt   16,595    -    16,595    - 
   $78,882   $43,974   $34,908   $- 

 

The fair value of the Company's other financial instruments which include cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other, trade and other payables approximate their carrying values at September 30, 2018 due to their short-term nature. There were no transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

 

 43 

 

 

B.Credit Risk

 

The Company’s credit risk is limited to cash and cash equivalents, loans receivable, trade receivables and other and the Company’s investments in convertible debentures. The Company’s trade receivables and other is subject to the credit risk of the counterparties who own and operate the mines underlying Sandstorm’s royalty portfolio. In order to mitigate its exposure to credit risk, the Company closely monitors its financial assets and maintains its cash deposits in several high-quality financial institutions. The Company’s convertible debenture due from Equinox Gold Corp. (“Equinox”) is subject to Equinox’s credit risk, the Company’s ability to realize on its security, and the risk that the value of Equinox’s equity decreases below the puttable price of the instrument.

 

C.Currency Risk

 

Financial instruments that impact the Company’s net income (loss) or other comprehensive income (loss) due to currency fluctuations include: cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other, investments and trade and other payables denominated in Canadian dollars. Based on the Company's Canadian dollar denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities at September 30, 2018 a 10% increase (decrease) of the value of the Canadian dollar relative to the United States dollar would increase (decrease) net income by $1.0 million and other comprehensive income by $2.3 million, respectively.

 

D.Liquidity Risk

 

The Company has in place a planning and budgeting process to help determine the funds required to support the Company’s normal operating requirements on an ongoing basis. In managing liquidity risk, the Company takes into account the amount available under the Company’s Revolving Facility, anticipated cash flows from operating activities and its holding of cash and cash equivalents. As at September 30, 2018, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $11.1 million (December 31, 2017 – $12.5 million). Sandstorm holds common shares, convertible debentures, and warrants and other of other companies with a combined fair market value as at September 30, 2018, of $54.0 million (December 31, 2017 – $78.9 million). The daily exchange traded volume of these shares, including the shares underlying the warrants, may not be sufficient for the Company to liquidate its position in a short period of time without potentially affecting the market value of the shares.

 

E.Other Price Risk

 

The Company is exposed to equity price risk as a result of holding investments in other mining companies. The Company does not actively trade these investments. The equity prices of long term investments are impacted by various underlying factors including commodity prices. Based on the Company's investments held as at September 30, 2018 a 10% increase (decrease) in the equity prices of these investments would increase (decrease) net income by $0.9 million and other comprehensive income by $3.2 million.

 

 44 

 

  

4 – Mineral, Royalty and Other Interests

 

A.Carrying Amount

 

As of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

 

   COST   ACCUMULATED DEPLETION     
In $000s  Opening   Net Additions
(Disposals)
   Ending   Opening   Depletion 1   Depletion in
Ending
Inventory
   Impairment   Ending   Carrying
Amount
 
Aurizona, Brazil  $11,033   $-   $11,033   $310   $-   $-   $-   $310   $10,723 
Bachelor Lake, Canada   24,009    20    24,029    23,183    257    -    -    23,440    589 
Black Fox, Canada   37,791    8    37,799    26,831    1,021    -    -    27,852    9,947 
Bracemac-McLeod, Canada   21,495    -    21,495    15,194    1,011    -    -    16,205    5,290 
Chapada, Brazil   69,528    -    69,528    6,502    3,055    -    -    9,557    59,971 
Diavik, Canada   53,111    -    53,111    17,872    4,015    -    -    21,887    31,224 
Hod Maden, Turkey   5,818    -    5,818    -    -    -    -    -    5,818 
Houndé, Burkina Faso   -    45,023    45,023    -    3,421    -    -    3,421    41,602 
Hugo North Extension and Heruga, Mongolia   35,351    -    35,351    -    -    -    -    -    35,351 
Karma, Burkina Faso   26,289    -    26,289    6,203    2,357    400    -    8,960    17,329 
Ming, Canada   20,070    -    20,070    9,046    120    -    -    9,166    10,904 
Santa Elena, Mexico   23,342    12    23,354    20,466    365    102    -    20,933    2,421 
Yamana silver stream, Argentina   74,236    -    74,236    3,680    1,842    -    -    5,522    68,714 
Other Royalties 2   203,198    1,563    204,761    115,298    3,190    -    4,475    122,963    81,798 
Other 3   9,461    (4,657)   4,804    4,670    134    -    -    4,804    - 
Total 4  $614,732   $41,969   $656,701   $249,255   $20,788   $502   $4,475   $275,020   $381,681 

 

1Depletion during the period in the Consolidated Statements of Income of $22.1 million is comprised of depletion expense for the period of $20.8 million, and $1.3 million from depletion in ending inventory as at December 31, 2017.

2Includes Coringa, Mt. Hamilton, Paul Isnard, Prairie Creek, Ann Mason, Gualcamayo, Emigrant Springs, Mine Waste Solutions, San Andres, Sao Francisco, Thunder Creek, the Early Gold Deposit, Hackett River, Lobo-Marte, Agi Dagi & Kirazli, Forrestania and other.

3Includes Koricancha Stream and other.

4Mineral, Royalty and Other Interests includes assets accounted for under IFRS 6 (Exploration and Evaluation) of $58.6 million and assets accounted for under IAS 16 (Property, Plant and Equipment) of $323.1 million.

 

 45 

 

  

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2017:

 

   COST   ACCUMULATED DEPLETION     
In $000’s  Opening   Net Additions
(Disposals)
   Ending   Opening   Depletion 1   Depletion in
Ending
Inventory
   Impairment   Ending   Carrying
Amount
 
Aurizona, Brazil  $11,033   $-   $11,033   $310   $-   $-   $-   $310   $10,723 
Bachelor Lake, Canada   23,972    37    24,009    19,339    3,823    21    -    23,183    826 
Black Fox, Canada   37,761    30    37,791    24,395    2,253    183    -    26,831    10,960 
Bracemac-McLeod, Canada   21,495    -    21,495    13,378    1,816    -    -    15,194    6,301 
Chapada, Brazil   69,528    -    69,528    2,737    3,765    -    -    6,502    63,026 
Diavik, Canada   53,111    -    53,111    11,792    6,080    -    -    17,872    35,239 
Hod Maden, Turkey   5,818    -    5,818    -    -    -    -    -    5,818 
Hugo North Extension and Heruga, Mongolia   35,351    -    35,351    -    -    -    -    -    35,351 
Karma, Burkina Faso   26,289    -    26,289    2,619    2,913    671    -    6,203    20,086 
Ming, Canada   20,068    2    20,070    8,585    185    276    -    9,046    11,024 
Santa Elena, Mexico   23,342    -    23,342    19,308    992    166    -    20,466    2,876 
Yamana silver stream, Argentina   74,234    2    74,236    1,427    2,253    -    -    3,680    70,556 
Other Royalties 2   200,602    2,596    203,198    102,114    4,080    -    9,104    115,298    87,900 
Other 3   10,725    (1,264)   9,461    4,540    103    27    -    4,670    4,791 
Total 4  $613,329   $1,403   $614,732   $210,544   $28,263   $1,344   $9,104   $249,255   $365,477 

 

1Depletion during the year in the Consolidated Statements of Income of $29.6 million is comprised of depletion expense for the year of $28.3 million, and $1.3 million from depletion in ending inventory as at December 31, 2016.

2Includes Coringa, Mt. Hamilton, Paul Isnard, Prairie Creek, Ann Mason, Gualcamayo, Emigrant Springs, Mine Waste Solutions, San Andres, Sao Francisco, Thunder Creek, the Early Gold Deposit, Hackett River, Lobo-Marte, Agi Dagi & Kirazli, Forrestania and other.

3Includes Koricancha Stream and other.

4Mineral, Royalty and Other Interests includes assets accounted for under IFRS 6 (Exploration and Evaluation) of $52.3 million and assets accounted for under IAS 16 (Property, Plant and Equipment) of $313.2 million.

 

B.Other

 

ACQUISITION | Houndé

 

On January 17, 2018, the Company acquired a 2% NSR on the producing Houndé gold mine in Burkina Faso, owned and operated by Endeavour Mining Corporation. The royalty was acquired from Acacia Mining PLC for $45 million in cash and covers the Kari North and Kari South tenements.

 

DISPOSAL | KORICANCHA

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company disposed of its interest in the Koricancha Gold Stream. The fair value of the financial instruments received on disposal amounted to $4.3 million, resulting in a $0.4 million loss.

 

 46 

 

 

Impairment | gualcamayo

 

As a result of an update to the production profile of the Gualcamayo mine and the ounces expected from the royalty, the Company re-evaluated the carrying value of its royalty investment. As a result of this review, the Company recorded, during the three months ended March 31, 2018, an impairment charge of $4.5 million ($3.2 million, net of tax). The recoverable amount of $2.5 million was determined using a discounted cash flow model in estimating the fair value less costs of disposal. Key assumptions used in the cash flow forecast were: a 3 year mine life, a long term gold price of $1,300 and a 4% discount rate.

 

5 – Hod Maden Interest

 

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s Hod Maden interest:

 

In $000s    
At December 31, 2016  $- 
Acquisition of Investment in Associate   190,714 
Company’s share of net (loss) income of associate   (28)
Capital investment   584 
Currency translation adjustment   (13,818)
At December 31, 2017  $177,452 
Company’s share of net (loss) income of associate   (104)
Capital investment   1,529 
Currency translation adjustment   (68,756)
At September 30, 2018  $110,121 

 

 47 

 

  

6 – Investments

 

As of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

 

In $000s  Fair Value
Jan. 1, 2018
   Net Additions
(Disposals)
   Transfers   Fair Value
Adjustment
   Fair Value
Sep. 30, 2018
 
Short-term investments                         
Common shares 1  $3,252   $(3,252)  $-   $-   $- 
Convertible debt instruments 2   15,000    (15,000)   8,726    284    9,010 
Total short-term investments  $18,252   $(18,252)  $8,726   $284   $9,010 
                          
Non-current investments                         
Common shares 1  $40,722   $2,126   $-   $(10,803)  $32,045 
Warrants and other 2   3,313    697    -    (1,906)   2,104 
Convertible debt instruments 2   16,595    2,405    (8,726)   600    10,874 
Total non-current investments  $60,630   $5,228   $(8,726)  $(12,109)  $45,023 
                          
Total Investments  $78,882   $(13,024)  $-   $(11,825)  $54,033 

 

1Fair value adjustment recorded within Other Comprehensive Income (loss) for the period.

2Fair value adjustment recorded within Net Income (loss) for the period.

 

On January 3, 2018, the Company completed its previously announced agreement to sell $18.3 million in debt and equity securities of Equinox Gold Corp. to Mr. Ross Beaty.

 

 48 

 

  

As of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

 

In $000s  Fair Value
Jan. 1, 2017
   Net Additions
(Disposals)
   Transfers   Fair Value
Adjustment
   Fair Value
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Short-term investments                         
Convertible debt instruments 2  $-   $-   $12,153   $44   $12,197 
Total short-term investments  $-   $-   $12,153   $44   $12,197 
                          
Non-current investments                         
Common shares 1  $28,850   $7,132   $-   $2,350   $38,332 
Warrants2   3,404    (1,995)   -    1,122    2,531 
Convertible debt instruments 2   29,039    (3,342)   (12,153)   249    13,793 
Total non-current investments  $61,293   $1,795   $(12,153)  $3,721   $54,656 
                          
Total Investments  $61,293   $1,795   $-   $3,765   $66,853 

 

1Fair value adjustment recorded within Other Comprehensive Income (loss) for the period.

2Fair value adjustment recorded within Net Income (loss) for the period.

 

7 – Share Capital and Reserves

 

A. Authorized Share Capital

 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares without par value.

 

Under the Company’s normal course issuer bid (“NCIB”), the Company is able until April 4, 2019, to purchase up to 9,191,777 common shares. The NCIB provides the Company with the option to purchase its common shares from time to time.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and pursuant to the NCIB, the Company purchased and cancelled an aggregate of 2,537,400 common shares.

 

B. Stock Options of the Company

 

The Company has an incentive stock option plan (the “Option Plan”) whereby the Company may grant share options to eligible employees, officers, directors and consultants at an exercise price, expiry date, and vesting conditions to be determined by the Board of Directors. The maximum expiry date is five years from the grant date. All options are equity settled. The Option Plan permits the issuance of options which, together with the Company's other share compensation arrangements, may not exceed 8.5% of the Company’s issued common shares as at the date of the grant.

 

 49 

 

 

A summary of the Company’s options and the changes for the period are as follows:

 

   Number of Options   Weighted average exercise
price (CAD) 1
 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2016   6,235,180    4.71 
Mariana Resources Ltd. replacement options 1   2,078,248    3.41 
Granted   795,000    5.50 
Exercised   (797,128)   (3.23)
Expired unexercised   (584,983)   (15.29)
Options outstanding at December 31, 2017   7,726,317    3.79 
Exercised   (1,113,575)   (3.28)
Expired unexercised   (65,061)   (6.88)
Forfeited   (15,333)   (4.96)
Options outstanding at September 30, 2018   6,532,348    3.87 

 

1For options exercisable in British Pounds Sterling (“GBP”), exercise price is translated to Canadian Dollars (“CAD”) using the period end exchange rate.

 

The weighted-average share price, at the time of exercise, for those shares that were exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was CAD6.15 per share (CAD5.69 – year ended December 31, 2017). The weighted average remaining contractual life of the options as at September 30, 2018 was 2.23 years (2.82 years – as at December 31, 2017).

 

A summary of the Company’s share purchase options as of September 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

Year of
expiry
  Number outstanding   Vested   Exercise price per
share (range)
(CAD) 1
  Weighted average exercise
price per share
(CAD) 1,2
 
2018  32,375   32,375   2.93 - 8.89   5.21 
2019  2,601,033   2,601,033   1.45 - 6.03   2.75 
2020  1,258,666   830,671   3.60 - 3.64   3.61 
2021  1,382,740   507,412   2.64 - 4.96   4.64 
2022  1,257,534   462,534   4.84 - 15.00   4.89 
   6,532,348   4,434,025       3.35 

 

1For options exercisable in GBP, exercise price is translated to CAD using the period end exchange rate.

2Weighted average exercise price of options that are exercisable.

 

 50 

 

 

C.Share Purchase Warrants

 

A summary of the Company’s warrants and the changes for the period are as follows:

 

   Number of
Warrants
   Shares to be Issued Upon
Exercise of the Warrants
 
Warrants outstanding at December 31, 2016   28,046,400    28,046,400 
Mariana Resources Ltd. replacement warrants   2,025,314    2,025,314 
Exercised   (1,059,242)   (1,059,242)
Expired unexercised   (5,002,500)   (5,002,500)
Warrants outstanding at December 31, 2017   24,009,972    24,009,972 
Exercised   (1,020,624)   (1,020,624)
Expired unexercised   (22,948)   (22,948)
Warrants outstanding at September 30, 2018   22,966,400    22,966,400 

 

A summary of the Company’s warrants
as of September 30, 2018 are as follows:

 

Number outstanding  Exercise price per share   Expiry Date
3,000,000  $4.50   March 23, 2020
15,000,000   3.50   October 27, 2020
4,966,400   4.00   November 3, 2020
22,966,400        

 

D.Restricted Share Rights

 

The Company has a restricted share plan (the “Restricted Share Plan”) whereby the Company may grant restricted share rights (“RSRs”) to eligible employees, officers, directors and consultants at an expiry date to be determined by the Board of Directors. Each restricted share right entitles the holder to receive a common share of the Company without any further consideration. The Restricted Share Plan permits the issuance of up to a maximum of 3,800,000 restricted share rights.

 

As at September 30, 2018, the Company had 1,931,873 RSRs outstanding.

 

 51 

 

  

E.Diluted Earnings Per Share

 

Diluted earnings per share is calculated based on the following:

 

In $000s
(excluding share amounts)
  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Net income for the period  $2,093   $4,773   $3,123   $9,828 
                     
Basic weighted average number of shares   183,236,530    182,242,318    183,790,578    162,170,852 
Basic earnings per share  $0.01   $0.03   $0.02   $0.06 
                     
Effect of dilutive securities                    
Stock options   1,754,930    2,555,706    2,225,895    1,985,912 
Warrants   2,168,802    4,767,350    4,306,523    3,141,447 
Restricted share rights   1,446,965    1,543,816    1,546,420    1,541,517 
                     
Diluted weighted average number of common shares   188,607,227    191,109,190    191,869,416    168,839,728 
Diluted earnings per share  $0.01   $0.02   $0.02   $0.06 

 

The following table lists the number of stock options, warrants and RSRs excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices exceeded the average market value of the common shares of CAD5.83 during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 (September 30, 2017 - CAD5.47) or CAD5.31 during the three months ended September 30, 2018 (September 30, 2017 - CAD5.48), or because a performance obligation had not been met as at September 30, 2018.

 

   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Stock Options   834,625    2,024,770    852,777    1,968,800 
Warrants   3,000,000    6,697,500    -    7,562,720 

 

 52 

 

  

8 – Income Taxes

 

The income tax expense differs from the amount that would result from applying the federal and provincial income tax rate to the net income before income taxes.

 

These differences result from the following items:

 

In $000s  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Income before income taxes  $3,199   $6,794   $4,439   $13,926 
Canadian federal and provincial income tax rates   27%   26%   27%   26%
Income tax expense based on the above rates  $864   $1,766   $1,199   $3,621 
Increase (decrease) due to:                    
Non-deductible expenses and permanent differences  $272   $247   $776   $741 
Non-taxable portion of capital gain (loss)   (12)   (478)   138    (948)
Change in future substantively enacted tax rate   -    -    (401)   - 
Change in valuation allowance   -    -    (925)   - 
Other   (18)   486    529    684 
Income tax expense  $1,106   $2,021   $1,316   $4,098 

 

9 – Administration Expenses

 

The administration expenses for the Company are as follows:

 

In $000s  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Corporate administration  $369   $670   $1,401   $1,497 
Employee benefits and salaries   475    439    1,299    1,268 
Professional fees   200    218    575    478 
Administration expenses before share based compensation  $1,044   $1,327   $3,275   $3,243 
Equity settled share based compensation (a non-cash expense)  $564   $539   $1,639   $1,620 
Total administration expenses  $1,608   $1,866   $4,914   $4,863 
 53 

 

  

10 – Supplemental Cash Flow Information

 

In $000s  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Change in non-cash working capital:                    
Trade receivables and other  $(601)  $112   $(262)  $(488)
Trade and other payables   37    669    (899)   1,033 
Net (decrease) increase in cash  $(564)  $781   $(1,161)  $545 
                     
Significant non-cash transactions:                    
Shares and replacement equity awards issued for Mariana acquisition  $-   $131,354   $-   $131,354 
Financial instruments received in disposal of mineral, royalty and other interests  $4,275   $-   $4,275   $- 

 

11 – Key Management Compensation

 

The remuneration of directors and those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling activities of the Company are as follows:

 

In $000s  3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
   9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
 
Employee salaries and benefits  $299   $300   $912   $864 
Share based payments   583    651    1,731    1,939 
Total key management compensation expense  $882   $951   $2,643   $2,803 

 

 54 

 

  

12 – Contractual Obligations

 

In connection with its commodity streams, the Company has
committed to purchase the following:

 

Stream  % of Life of Mine Gold
 or Relevant Commodity 4,5,6,7,8,9
  Per Ounce Cash Payment:
 lesser of amount below and the then
prevailing market price of commodity
(unless otherwise noted) 1, 2, 3
Bachelor Lake  20%  $500
Black Fox  8%  $540
Chapada  4.2%  30% of copper spot price
Entrée  5.62% on Hugo North Extension and 4.26% on Heruga  $220
Karma  26,875 ounces over 5 years and 1.625% thereafter  20% of gold spot price
Ming  25% of the first 175,000 ounces of gold produced, and 12% thereafter  $nil
Santa Elena  20%  $455
Yamana silver stream  Varies  30% of silver spot price

 

1Subject to an annual inflationary adjustment except for Ming.

2For the Entrée Gold Stream, after approximately 8.6 million ounces of gold have been produced from the joint venture property, the price increases to $500 per gold ounce.

3For the Entrée silver stream, percentage of life of mine is 5.62% on Hugo North Extension and 4.26% on Heruga which the Company can purchase for the lesser of the prevailing market price and $5 per ounce of silver until 40.3 million ounces of silver have been produced from the entire joint venture property. Thereafter, the purchase price will increase to the lesser of the prevailing market price and $10 per ounce of silver.

4For the Entrée Gold and silver stream, percentage of life of mine is 5.62% on Hugo North Extension and 4.26% on Heruga if the minerals produced are contained below 560 metres in depth.

5For the Entrée Gold and silver stream, percentage of life of mine is 8.43% on Hugo North Extension and 6.39% on Heruga if the minerals produced are contained above 560 metres in depth.

6For the Entrée copper stream, the Company has committed to purchase an amount equal to 0.42% of the copper produced from the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits. If the minerals produced are contained above 560 metres in depth, then the commitment increases to 0.62% for both the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits. Sandstorm will make ongoing per pound cash payments equal to the lesser of $0.50 and the then prevailing market price of copper, until 9.1 billion pounds of copper have been produced from the entire joint venture property. Thereafter, the ongoing per pound payments will increase to the lesser of $1.10 and the then prevailing market price of copper.

7For the Chapada copper stream, the Company has committed to purchase an amount equal to 4.2% of the copper produced (up to an annual maximum of 3.9 million pounds of copper) until Yamana has delivered 39 million pounds of copper to Sandstorm; then 3.0% of the copper produced until, on a cumulative basis, Yamana has delivered 50 million pounds of copper to Sandstorm; then 1.5% of the copper produced thereafter, for the life of the mine.

8Under the terms of the Yamana silver stream, Sandstorm has agreed to purchase an amount of silver from Cerro Moro equal to 20% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 1.2 million ounces of silver), until Yamana has delivered to Sandstorm 7.0 million ounces of silver; then 9.0% of the silver produced thereafter. As part of the Yamana silver stream, through 2018, Sandstorm has also agreed to purchase an amount of silver from: (i) the Minera Florida mine in Chile equal to 38% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 200,000 ounces of silver); and (ii) the Chapada mine in Brazil equal to 52% of the silver produced (up to an annual maximum of 100,000 ounces of silver).

9For the Bachelor Lake Gold Stream, the Company has committed to purchase 20% of gold produced until 7,500 ounces have been purchased.

 

 55 

 

  

13 – Segmented Information

 

The Company’s reportable operating segments, which are components of the Company’s business where separate financial information is available and which are evaluated on a regular basis by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the Company’s chief operating decision maker, for the purpose of assessing performance, are summarized in the tables below:

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2018:

 

In $000s  Product  Sales   Royalty
revenue
   Cost of sales,
excluding
depletion
   Depletion  

(Gain) loss on
mineral

interest

disposal and
other

   Income (loss)
before taxes
  

Cash flow

from
operating
activities

 
Bachelor Lake, Canada   Gold  $1,810   $49   $750   $113   $-   $996   $1,122 
Black Fox, Canada   Gold   1,080    -    484    261    -    335    596 
Bracemac-McLeod, Canada 1   Various   -    718    -    332    -    386    783 
Chapada, Brazil   Copper   2,835    -    851    1,032    -    952    1,984 
Diavik, Canada   Diamonds   -    2,549    -    1,196    -    1,353    2,249 
Houndé, Burkina Faso   Gold   -    1,690    -    973    -    717    1,469 
Karma, Burkina Faso   Gold   1,799    -    365    913    -    521    1,435 
Ming, Canada   Gold   246    -    -    120    -    126    246 
Santa Elena, Mexico   Gold   2,274    -    858    124    -    1,292    1,278 
Yamana silver stream, Argentina   Silver   722    -    236    482    -    4    485 
Other Royalties 2   Various   -    1,517    -    904    -    613    1,260 
Other   Gold   -    -    -    -    359    (359)   - 
Total Segments     $10,766   $6,523   $3,544   $6,450   $359   $6,936   $12,907 
                                       
Corporate:                                      
Administration & Project evaluation expenses      -    -    -    -    -    (2,680)   (1,686)
Foreign exchange loss      -    -    -    -    -    (1,314)   - 
Gain on revaluation of investments      -    -    -    -    -    88    - 
Finance expense, net      -    -    -    -    -    (336)   (233)
Other      -    -    -    -    (505)   505    (120)
Total Corporate     $-   $-   $-   $-   $(505)  $(3,737)  $(2,039)
                                       
Consolidated     $10,766   $6,523   $3,544   $6,450   $(146)  $3,199   $10,868 

 

1Royalty revenue from Bracemac-McLeod consists of $0.3 million from Copper and $0.4 million from Zinc.

2Where a mineral interest represents less than 10% of the Company’s sales, gross margin or aggregate asset book value and represents a royalty on gold, silver or other metal, the royalty interest has been summarized under Other Royalties. Other Royalties includes royalty revenue from Gualcamayo, Emigrant Springs, Mine Waste Solutions, San Andres, Thunder Creek, Forrestania and Sheerness. Includes royalty revenue from royalty interests located in Canada of $0.2 million, the United States of $0.3 million, Argentina of $0.3 million, Honduras of $0.4 million and other of $0.3 million. Includes royalty revenue from Gold of $1.3 million and Other Base Metals of $0.2 million.

 

 56 

 

  

For the three months ended September 30, 2017:

 

In $000s  Product  Sales   Royalty
revenue
   Cost of sales,
excluding
depletion
   Depletion   (Gain) loss on
mineral
interest
disposal and
other
   Income (loss)
before taxes
   Cash flow from
operating
activities
 
Bachelor Lake, Canada  Gold  $1,495   $83   $599   $973   $(2,952)  $2,958   $861 
Black Fox, Canada  Gold   1,716    -    735    653    -    328    1,115 
Bracemac-McLeod, Canada 1  Various   -    1,107    -    531    -    576    974 
Chapada, Brazil  Copper   2,644    -    774    931    -    939    1,870 
Diavik, Canada  Diamonds   -    2,240    -    1,244    -    996    1,840 
Karma, Burkina Faso  Gold   1,351    -    268    671    -    412    974 
Ming, Canada  Gold   291    -    -    125    -    166    291 
Santa Elena, Mexico  Gold   2,922    -    840    265    -    1,817    2,013 
Yamana silver stream, Argentina  Silver   981    -    285    561    -    135    695 
Other Royalties 2  Various   -    2,975    -    1,173    -    1,802    2,844 
Other  Gold   134    -    11    42    (412)   493    124 
Total Segments     $11,534   $6,405   $3,512   $7,169   $(3,364)  $10,622   $13,601 
                                       
Corporate:                                      
Administration & Project evaluation expenses      -    -    -    -    -    (2,952)   (1,985)
Foreign exchange gain      -    -    -    -    -    89    - 
Loss on revaluation of investments      -    -    -    -    -    (452)   - 
Finance expense, net      -    -    -    -    -    (513)   (701)
Other      -    -    -    -    -    -    949 
Total Corporate     $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $(3,828)  $(1,737)
                                       
Consolidated     $11,534   $6,405   $3,512   $7,169   $(3,364)  $6,794   $11,864 

 

1Royalty revenue from Bracemac-McLeod consists of $0.3 million from Copper and $0.8 million from Zinc.

2Where a mineral interest represents less than 10% of the Company’s sales, gross margin or aggregate asset book value and represents a royalty on gold, silver or other metal, the royalty interest has been summarized under Other Royalties. Other Royalties includes royalty revenue from Gualcamayo, Emigrant Springs, Mine Waste Solutions, San Andres, Thunder Creek, Copper Mountain, Forrestania and Sheerness. Includes royalty revenue from royalty interests located in Canada of $0.4 million, in the United States of $1.3 million, Argentina of $0.5 million, Honduras of $0.6 million and other of $0.2 million. Includes royalty revenue from Gold of $2.8 million and Other Base Metals of $0.2 million.

 

 57 

 

  

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

 

In $000s  Product  Sales   Royalty
revenue
  

Cost of sales,
excluding

depletion

   Depletion  

Mineral,

royalty and
other interests
impairments

  

Loss
(gain) on
mineral
interest
disposal
and other

   Income (loss)
before taxes
   Cash flow
from
operating
activities
 
Bachelor Lake, Canada   Gold  $4,902   $239   $1,917   $278   $-   $-   $2,946   $3,426 
Black Fox, Canada   Gold   4,656    -    1,952    1,204    -    -    1,500    2,910 
Bracemac-McLeod, Canada 1   Various   -    3,027    -    1,011    -    -    2,016    3,018 
Chapada, Brazil   Copper   8,833    -    2,634    3,055    -    -    3,144    6,200 
Diavik, Canada   Diamonds   -    5,235    -    4,015    -    -    1,220    5,235 
Houndé, Burkina Faso   Gold   -    5,148    -    3,421    -    -    1,727    4,427 
Karma, Burkina Faso   Gold   6,224    -    1,252    3,028    -    -    1,944    5,079 
Ming, Canada   Gold   940    -    -    396    -    -    544    940 
Santa Elena, Mexico   Gold   9,010    -    3,150    531    -    -    5,329    5,624 
Yamana silver stream, Argentina   Silver   3,003    -    919    1,842    -    -    242    2,082 
Other Royalties 2   Various   -    3,934    -    3,190    4,475    -    (3,731)   3,668 
Other   Gold   541    -    43    161    -    359    (22)   506 
Total Segments     $38,109   $17,583   $11,867   $22,132   $4,475   $359   $16,859   $43,115 
                                            
Corporate:                                           
Administration & Project evaluation expenses      -    -    -    -    -    -    (8,094)   (5,246)
Foreign exchange loss      -    -    -    -    -    -    (2,301)   - 
Loss on revaluation of investments      -    -    -    -    -    -    (1,022)   - 
Finance expense, net      -    -    -    -    -    -    (1,176)   (795)
Other      -    -    -    -    -    (173)   173    (1,089)
Total Corporate     $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $(173)  $(12,420)  $(7,130)
                                            
Consolidated     $38,109   $17,583   $11,867   $22,132   $4,475   $186   $4,439   $35,985 

 

1Royalty revenue from Bracemac-McLeod consists of $0.9 million from Copper and $2.1 million from Zinc.

2Where a mineral interest represents less than 10% of the Company’s sales, gross margin or aggregate asset book value and represents a royalty on gold, silver or other metal, the royalty interest has been summarized under Other Royalties. Other Royalties includes royalty revenue from Gualcamayo, Emigrant Springs, Mine Waste Solutions, San Andres, Thunder Creek, Forrestania and Sheerness. Includes royalty revenue from royalty interests located in Canada of $0.5 million, in the United States of $0.4 million, Argentina of $1.1 million, Honduras of $1.1 million and other of $0.8 million. Includes royalty revenue from Gold of $3.3 million and Other Base Metals of $0.6 million.

 

 58 

 

  

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

 

In $000s  Product  Sales   Royalty
revenue
   Cost of sales,
excluding
depletion
   Depletion   Mineral,
royalty and
other interests
impairments
   (Gain) loss
on mineral
interest
disposal and
other
   Income
(loss) before
taxes
   Cash flow
from
operating
activities
 
Bachelor Lake, Canada  Gold  $5,953   $313   $2,405   $3,678   $-   $(2,952)  $3,135   $3,737 
Black Fox, Canada  Gold   4,927    -    2,112    1,867    -    -    948    2,908 
Bracemac-McLeod, Canada 1  Various   -    2,746    -    1,391    -    -    1,355    2,613 
Chapada, Brazil  Copper   7,890    -    2,351    2,830    -    -    2,709    5,539 
Diavik, Canada  Diamonds   -    5,403    -    4,093    -    -    1,310    5,034 
Karma, Burkina Faso  Gold   4,940    -    983    2,504    -    -    1,453    3,946 
Ming, Canada  Gold   796    -    -    356    -    -    440    796 
Santa Elena, Mexico  Gold   8,408    -    2,446    814    -    -    5,148    5,662 
Yamana silver stream, Argentina  Silver   3,074    -    913    1,635    -    -    526    2,160 
Other Royalties 2  Various   -    8,137    -    3,870    4,534    (459)   192    8,129 
Other  Gold   242    -    20    77    -    (412)   557    219 
Total Segments     $36,230   $16,599   $11,230   $23,115   $4,534   $(3,823)  $17,773   $40,743 
                                            
Corporate:                                           
Administration & Project evaluation expenses      -    -    -    -    -    -    (8,148)   (5,207)
Foreign exchange gain      -    -    -    -    -    -    2,073    - 
Gain on revaluation of investments      -    -    -    -    -    -    1,415    - 
Finance expense, net      -    -    -    -    -    -    (938)   (1,184)
Other      -    -    -    -    -    (1,751)   1,751    562 
Total Corporate     $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $(1,751)  $(3,847)  $(5,829)
                                            
Consolidated     $36,230   $16,599   $11,230   $23,115   $4,534   $(5,574)  $13,926   $34,914 

 

1Royalty revenue from Bracemac-McLeod consists of $1.0 million from Copper and $1.7 million from Zinc.

2Where a mineral interest represents less than 10% of the Company’s sales, gross margin or aggregate asset book value and represents a royalty on gold, silver or other metal, the royalty interest has been summarized under Other Royalties. Other Royalties includes royalty revenue from Gualcamayo, Emigrant Springs, Mine Waste Solutions, San Andres, Thunder Creek, Copper Mountain, Forrestania and Sheerness. Includes royalty revenue from royalty interests located in Canada of $1.4 million, in the United States of $3.2 million, Argentina of $1.5 million, Honduras of $1.5 million and other of $0.5 million. Includes royalty revenue from Gold of $7.3 million and Other Base Metals of $0.8 million.

 

 59 

 

  

Total assets as of:

 

In $000s  September 30, 2018   December 31, 2017 
Aurizona  $10,723   $10,723 
Bachelor Lake   667    1,124 
Black Fox   9,947    11,350 
Bracemac-McLeod   5,826    6,827 
Chapada   59,971    63,026 
Diavik   32,724    36,739 
Hod Maden 1   115,939    183,271 
Houndé   42,089    - 
Hugo North Extension and Heruga   35,351    35,351 
Karma   17,884    21,034 
Ming   10,904    11,300 
Santa Elena   3,223    3,693 
Yamana silver stream   68,714    70,556 
Other Royalties 2   82,841    89,304 
Other 3   -    7,423 
Total Segments  $496,803   $551,721 
           
Corporate:          
Cash   11,147    12,539 
Investments   54,033    78,882 
Deferred tax assets   10,168    13,581 
Other long term assets   4,947    4,192 
Total Corporate  $80,295   $109,194 
           
Consolidated  $577,098   $660,915 

 

1Includes royalty interest of $5.8 million and investment in associate of $110.1 million at September 30, 2018. Includes royalty interest of $5.8 million and investment in associate of $177.5 million at December 31, 2017.

2Where a mineral interest represents less than 10% of the Company’s sales, gross margin or aggregate asset book value and represents a royalty on gold, silver or other metal, the royalty interest has been summarized under Other Royalties. Includes Coringa, Mt. Hamilton, Paul Isnard, Prairie Creek, Ann Mason, Gualcamayo, Emigrant Springs, Mine Waste Solutions, San Andres, Sao Francisco, Sao Vicente, Thunder Creek, Hackett River, Lobo-Marte, Agi Dagi & Kirazli and other.

3Includes Koricancha Stream and other.

 

 60 



 

Exhibit 99.2

Form 52-109F2

 

Certification of Interim Filings

 

Full Certificate

 

I, NOLAN WATSON, Chief Executive Officer of SANDSTORM GOLD LTD., certify the following:

 

1.Review: I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the “Interim Filings”) of SANDSTORM GOLD LTD. (the “Issuer”) for the interim period ended SEPTEMBER 30, 2018.

 

2.No misrepresentations: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the Interim Filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the Interim Filings.

 

3.Fair presentation: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the Interim Filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the Issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the Interim Filings.

 

4.Responsibility: The Issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings, for the Issuer.

 

5.Design: Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the Issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the Interim Filings

 

(a)designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

 

(i)material information relating to the Issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the Interim Filings are being prepared; and

 

(ii)information required to be disclosed by the Issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

 

(b)designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the Issuer’s GAAP.

 

5.1Control framework: The control framework the Issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I used to design the Issuer’s ICFR is Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

 

 

 - 2 - 

 

5.2ICFR – material weakness relating to design: N/A.

 

5.3Limitation on scope of design: N/A

 

6.Reporting changes in ICFR: The Issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the Issuer’s ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on July 1, 2018 and ended on September 30, 2018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Issuer’s ICFR.

 

Date: November 14, 2018.

 

 

“Nolan Watson”  
NOLAN WATSON  
Chief Executive Officer  

  

 

 

 



 

Exhibit 99.3

 

Form 52-109F2

 

Certification of Interim Filings

 

Full Certificate

 

I, ERFAN KAZEMI, Chief Financial Officer of SANDSTORM GOLD LTD., certify the following:

 

1.Review: I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the “Interim Filings”) of SANDSTORM GOLD LTD. (the “Issuer”) for the interim period ended SEPTEMBER 30, 2018.

 

2.No misrepresentations: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the Interim Filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the Interim Filings.

 

3.Fair presentation: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the Interim Filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the Issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the Interim Filings.

 

4.Responsibility: The Issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings, for the Issuer.

 

5.Design: Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the Issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the Interim Filings

 

(a)designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

 

(i)material information relating to the Issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the Interim Filings are being prepared; and

 

(ii)information required to be disclosed by the Issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

 

(b)designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the Issuer’s GAAP.

 

5.1Control framework: The control framework the Issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I used to design the Issuer’s ICFR is Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

 

 

 - 2 - 

  

5.2ICFR – material weakness relating to design: N/A.

 

5.3Limitation on scope of design: N/A

 

6.Reporting changes in ICFR: The Issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the Issuer’s ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on July 1, 2018 and ended on September 30, 2018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Issuer’s ICFR.

 

Date: November 14, 2018.

 

 

“Erfan Kazemi”  
ERFAN KAZEMI  
Chief Financial Officer  

  

 



This regulatory filing also includes additional resources:
exhibit99-1.pdf
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