NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
March 31, 2018
(
1
)
Description of Business
Emergent Capital, Inc. was founded in December 2006 as a Florida limited liability company, Imperial Holdings, LLC, and converted into Imperial Holdings, Inc. on February 3, 2011, in connection with our initial public offering. Effective September 1, 2015, the name was changed to Emergent Capital, Inc. (with its subsidiary companies, the "Company" or "Emergent Capital").
Emergent Capital, through its subsidiary companies, owns a portfolio of
603
life insurance policies, also referred to as life settlements, with a fair value of
$567.6 million
and an aggregate death benefit of approximately
$2.9 billion
at
March 31, 2018
. The Company primarily earns income on these policies from changes in their fair value and through death benefits.
601
of these policies, with an aggregate death benefit of approximately
$2.8 billion
and a fair value of approximately
$566.8 million
at
March 31, 2018
, are pledged under a
$370.0 million
, revolving credit agreement (the "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility") entered into by the Company’s indirect subsidiary, White Eagle Asset Portfolio, LP ("White Eagle"). At
March 31, 2018
,
two
policies owned by the Company, with an aggregate death benefit of approximately
$12.0 million
and a fair value of
$782,000
, were not pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
(
2
)
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, all of its wholly-owned subsidiary companies and its special purpose entities, with the exception of Imperial Settlements Financing 2010, LLC ("ISF 2010"), an unconsolidated special purpose entity which is accounted for using the cost method of accounting. The special purpose entity has been created to fulfill specific objectives. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation, including income from services performed by subsidiary companies in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below), as detailed herein. Notwithstanding consolidation, as referenced above, White Eagle is the owner of
601
policies, with an aggregate death benefit of approximately
$2.8 billion
and an estimated fair value of approximately
$566.8 million
at
March 31, 2018
.
The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the rules and regulations of the SEC for Form 10-Q and therefore do not include certain information, accounting policies, and footnote disclosure information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. However, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals), which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements, have been included. Operating results for the
three months ended March 31, 2018
are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for future periods or for the year ending
December 31, 2018
. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Emergent Capital's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2017
.
Liquidity
Historically, the Company has incurred substantial losses and reported negative cash flows from operating activities of
$11.8 million
for the
three month period ended March 31, 2018
and
$34.8 million
for the year ended December 31, 2017. As of
March 31, 2018
, we had approximately
$41.2 million
of cash and cash equivalents and certificates of deposit of
$1.0 million
; of this amount, approximately
$12.9 million
is available to pay premiums on the
two
unencumbered policies and other overhead expenses, with approximately
$28.3 million
being restricted by the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to meet its liquidity needs through a combination of the receipt of death benefits from life insurance policy maturities, borrowings under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, strategic capital market raises, policy sales (subject to certain asset sale restrictions) and cash on hand. In considering the cash on hand at
March 31, 2018
, management's projections for receipt of death benefits from policy maturities, borrowings under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and board member capital commitments, together with the Company’s potential internal restructuring for tax-related purposes (see Note 19, "Income Taxes" of the accompanying consolidated financial statements and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies - Income Taxes"), we estimate that our liquidity and capital resources will be sufficient for the next twelve months from the date of filing this Form 10-Q.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments that might result from uncertainty about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Discontinued Operations
On October 25, 2013, the Company sold substantially all of the assets comprising its structured settlement business. As a result, the Company has discontinued segment reporting and classified its operating results of the structured settlement business, net of income taxes, as discontinued operations. The accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
and
2017
, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements, reflect the classification of its structured settlement business operating results, net of tax, as discontinued operations. See Note
7
, "
Discontinued Operations
," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. Unless otherwise noted, the following notes refer to the Company’s continuing operations.
Foreign Currency
The Company owns certain foreign subsidiary companies formed under the laws of Ireland, the Bahamas and Bermuda. These foreign subsidiary companies utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. The foreign subsidiary companies' financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars and therefore, there are no translation gains and losses resulting from translating the financial statements at exchange rates other than the functional currency. Any gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions (transactions denominated in a currency other than the subsidiary companies' functional currency) are included in income. These gains and losses are immaterial to the Company’s financial statements.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates and such differences could be material. Significant estimates made by management include income taxes, the valuation of life settlements, the valuation of the debt owing under the Revolving Credit Facility, the valuation of equity awards and the valuation of the conversion derivative liability formerly embedded within the Convertible Notes.
(
3
)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases" (Topic 842). The new guidance establishes the principles to report transparent and economically neutral information about the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. The core principle of Topic 842 is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. All leases create an asset and a liability for the lessee in accordance with FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial
Statements
, and, therefore, recognition of those lease assets and lease liabilities represents an improvement over previous GAAP, which did not require lease assets and lease liabilities to be recognized for most leases. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments." Topic 815 requires that embedded derivatives be separated from the host contract and accounted for separately as derivatives if certain criteria are met. One of those criteria is that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivatives are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract (the "clearly and closely related" criterion). The guidance in this ASU intends to resolve the diversity in practice resulting from the application of the existing four-step decision sequence defined in ASC 815-15-25-42 to call (put) options that can accelerate the repayment of principal on a debt instrument if they meet the clearly and closely related criterion by clarifying that an entity is required to perform only the four-step decision sequence. The entity does not have to separately assess whether the event that triggers its ability to exercise the contingent option is itself indexed only to interest rates or credit risk. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted including adoption in an interim period, as long as any adjustment is reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period. The Company does not expect that this guidance will have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In August 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)," which simplifies and clarifies the accounting and disclosure for hedging activities by more closely aligning the results of cash flow and fair value hedge accounting with the risk management activities of an entity. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect this standard to have an impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-03, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" to clarify certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. In addition to amending Topic 825, Financial Instruments, the Board added Topic 321, Investments—Equity Securities, and made a number of consequential amendments to the Codification. The amendments in ASU 2018-03 are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and for interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, "Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income" to address stakeholder concerns about the guidance in current generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) that requires deferred tax liabilities and assets to be adjusted for the effect of a change in tax laws or rates with the effect included in income from continuing operations in the reporting period that includes the enactment date. The amendments in this update allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The amendments in this Update are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," which converges the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") standard on revenue recognition. Areas of revenue recognition that will be affected include, but are not limited to, transfer of control, variable consideration, allocation of transfer pricing, licenses, time value of money, contract costs and disclosures. In April 2015, the FASB voted to defer the effective date of the new revenue recognition standard by one year. As a result, the provisions of this ASU are now effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. This ASU became effective during
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
, but did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows on our consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments." This ASU provides specific guidance on eight cash flow classification issues that are either unclear or not included in current GAAP. These cash flow classification issues include debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees, beneficial interests in securitization transactions, and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the same period. This ASU became effective during
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
, but did not have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory ("ASU 2016-16"). Current GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. This prohibition on recognition is an exception to the principle of comprehensive recognition of current and deferred income taxes in GAAP. The Board decided that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Consequently, the amendments in this update eliminate the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. For public business entities, the amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted this standard in the current reporting period which resulted in the elimination of a deferred income tax
charge of
$17.6 million
gross related to prior year sales of life settlement policies to its Ireland subsidiaries. The adoption resulted in a reduction of the valuation allowance and had no impact on earnings.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, "Business Combinations (Topic 805)," to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses by clarifying the definition of a business. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisition, disposals, goodwill and consolidation. This amendment covers Phase 1 of a three phase project. The update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The amendments in this update should be applied prospectively on or after the effective date. This ASU was effective during the period and did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, "Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting" to clarify when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. Under this new guidance, modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) changes as a result of the change in terms or conditions. The guidance is effective prospectively for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017. This ASU was effective during the period and did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.
On November 17, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash" to reduce diversity in the presentation of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement. The statement requires that restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included as components of total cash and cash equivalents as presented on the statement of cash flows. This ASU was effective during the period and did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update)" to amend certain SEC material in Topic 740 for the income tax accounting implications of the recently issued Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Act). ASU 2018-05 is effective upon inclusion in the FASB Codification. We have adopted this ASU and continue to evaluate the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on our consolidated financial statements.
(
4
)
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
The Company evaluates its interests in variable interest entities ("VIEs") on an ongoing basis and consolidates those VIEs in which it has a controlling financial interest and is thus deemed to be the primary beneficiary. A controlling financial interest has both of the following characteristics: (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance; and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to it or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could be potentially significant to the VIE.
The following table presents the consolidated assets and consolidated liabilities of VIEs for which the Company has concluded that it is the primary beneficiary and which are consolidated in the Company’s financial statements as of
March 31, 2018
and
December 31, 2017
, as well as non-consolidated VIEs for which the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Primary Beneficiary
|
|
Not Primary
Beneficiary
|
|
Consolidated VIE
|
|
Non-consolidated VIE
|
|
Assets
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
Total
Assets
|
|
Maximum
Exposure
To Loss
|
March 31, 2018
|
$
|
629,572
|
|
|
$
|
348,831
|
|
|
$
|
2,384
|
|
|
$
|
2,384
|
|
December 31, 2017
|
$
|
609,976
|
|
|
$
|
329,993
|
|
|
2,384
|
|
|
$
|
2,384
|
|
As of
March 31, 2018
,
601
life insurance policies owned by White Eagle with an aggregate death benefit of approximately
$2.8 billion
and an estimated fair value of approximately
$566.8 million
were pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. In accordance with ASC 810,
Consolidation
, the Company consolidated White Eagle in its financial statements for the
three months ended March 31, 2018
and
2017
, and the year ended
December 31, 2017
.
Imperial Settlements Financing 2010, LLC ("ISF 2010"), which was formed as an affiliate of the Company to serve as a special purpose financing entity to allow the Company to sell structured settlements and assignable annuities, is a non-consolidated special purpose financing entity, as well as a non-consolidated VIE for which the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary. Approximately
$2.4 million
is included in investment in affiliates in the accompanying balance sheets as of
March 31, 2018
and year ended
December 31, 2017
, respectively.
(
5
)
Earnings Per Share
As of
March 31, 2018
and
2017
, there were
158,600,399
and
29,021,844
shares of common stock issued, respectively, and
157,992,399
and
28,413,844
shares of common stock outstanding, respectively. Outstanding shares as of
March 31, 2018
and
2017
have been adjusted to reflect
608,000
treasury shares.
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing the net earnings attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential common shares had been issued. Conversion or exercise of the potential common shares is not reflected in diluted earnings per share unless the effect is dilutive. The dilutive effect, if any, of outstanding common share equivalents is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method, and if-converted method as applicable.
The following table reconciles actual basic and diluted earnings per share for the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
and
2017
(in thousands except per share data).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2017(2)
|
|
Income (loss) per share:
|
|
|
|
|
Numerator:
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) from continuing operations
|
$
|
(3,994
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,884
|
|
|
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations
|
(1
|
)
|
|
(189
|
)
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
$
|
(3,995
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,695
|
|
|
Basic and diluted (loss) income per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted (loss) income per share from continuing operations
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.07
|
|
|
Basic and diluted (loss) income per share from discontinued operations
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
Basic and diluted (loss) income per share available to common shareholders
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.06
|
|
|
Denominator:
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and Diluted
|
155,789,599
|
|
|
28,148,632
|
|
|
Add: Restricted stock
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Diluted
|
155,789,599
|
|
|
28,148,632
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
The computation of diluted EPS does not include
2,182,522
shares of restricted stock,
239,000
shares of common stock underlying options,
44,500,000
shares of common stock underlying warrants, and up to
37,918,483
shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the
5%
Convertible Notes (as defined below) and up to
181,249
shares of underlying common stock issuable upon the conversion of the
8.5%
Convertible Notes (as defined below), as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.
|
|
|
(2)
|
The computation of diluted EPS did not include
265,212
shares of restricted stock,
605,227
shares of common stock underlying options,
6,240,521
shares of common stock underlying warrants, and up to
11,266,011
shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the
8.5%
Convertible Notes, as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.
|
(
6
)
Stock-based Compensation
On June 27, 2017, the shareholders of the Company voted to amend, and the Company amended, the Amended and Restated 2010 Omnibus Incentive Plan (as amended, the "Omnibus Plan") to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance thereunder by
9,900,000
shares. Awards under the Omnibus Plan may consist of incentive awards, stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, performance units, and shares of common stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units or other stock-based awards as determined by the compensation committee of the Company's board of directors. The Omnibus Plan has an aggregate of
12,600,000
shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder, subject to adjustment as provided therein.
Options
As of
December 31, 2017
, all options to purchase shares of common stock issued by the Company were fully vested. There was
no
stock-based compensation expense relating to stock options granted under the Omnibus Plan during the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
and
2017
, respectively.
As of
March 31, 2018
, options to purchase
239,000
shares of common stock were outstanding under the Omnibus Plan at a weighted average exercise price of
$6.94
per share. The following table presents the activity of the Company’s outstanding stock options of common stock for the
three months ended March 31, 2018
:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock Options
|
|
Number of
Shares
|
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
per Share
|
|
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
|
|
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
|
Options outstanding, January 1, 2018
|
|
542,102
|
|
|
$
|
8.75
|
|
|
1.33
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Options granted
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercised
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
Options forfeited
|
|
(303,102
|
)
|
|
$
|
10.18
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
Options expired
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding, March 31, 2018
|
|
239,000
|
|
|
$
|
6.94
|
|
|
2.19
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Exercisable at March 31, 2018
|
|
239,000
|
|
|
$
|
6.94
|
|
|
2.19
|
|
|
|
|
Unvested at March 31, 2018
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
As of
March 31, 2018
, all outstanding stock options had an exercise price above the fair market value of the common stock on that date. There are
no
remaining unamortized amounts to be recognized on these options.
Restricted Stock
The Company incurred additional stock-based compensation expense of approximately
$73,000
and
$139,000
relating to restricted stock granted to its board of directors and certain employees during the
three months ended March 31, 2018
and
2017
, respectively.
During the year ended
December 31, 2016
, the Company granted
65,212
shares of restricted stock to its directors under the Omnibus Plan, which are subject to a
one
year vesting period that commenced on the date of grant. The fair value of the restricted stock was valued at approximately
$255,000
based on the closing price of the Company’s shares on the date prior to the grant date. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense related to these
65,212
shares of restricted stock of approximately $
0
and
$60,000
during the
three months ended March 31, 2018
and
2017
, respectively. The
65,212
shares of restricted stock vested during the year ended
December 31, 2017
.
During the year ended
December 31, 2016
, the Company granted
200,000
shares of restricted stock units to certain employees under the Omnibus Plan, which are subject to a
two
year vesting period that commenced on the date of grant. The fair value of the unvested restricted stock was valued at approximately
$674,000
based on the closing price of the Company’s shares on the day prior to the grant date. The Company incurred stock-based compensation income due to forfeitures of approximately
$18,000
and expense of approximately
$79,000
related to these
200,000
shares of restricted stock during the
three months ended March 31, 2018
and
2017
, respectively. Approximately
20,000
shares of restricted stock were forfeited during the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
, with
74,000
remaining unvested at
March 31, 2018
.
During the year ended
December 31, 2017
, the Company granted
51,132
shares of restricted stock to its directors under the Omnibus Plan, which are subject to a
one
year vesting period that commenced on the date of grant. The fair value of the unvested restricted stock was valued at approximately
$17,000
based on the closing price of the Company’s shares on the date prior to the grant date. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense related to these
51,132
shares of restricted stock of approximately
$0
during the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
. Approximately
42,610
shares of restricted stock vested during the year ended
December 31, 2017
with
8,522
pending vesting at
March 31, 2018
.
During the year ended
December 31, 2017
, the Company granted
2,000,000
shares of restricted stock units to certain employees under the Omnibus Plan, which are subject to a
two
year vesting period that commenced on the date of grant. The fair value of the unvested restricted stock was valued at approximately
$745,000
based on the closing price of the Company's shares on the day prior to the grant date. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense of approximately
$90,000
related to these
2,000,000
shares of restricted stock during the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
. All
2,000,000
shares remained unvested at
March 31, 2018
.
During the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
, the Company granted
100,000
shares of restricted stock units to certain employees under the Omnibus Plan, with
50,000
shares and
50,000
shares subject to a
two
and
three
year vesting period that commenced on the date of grant, respectively. The fair value of the unvested restricted stock was valued at approximately
$39,000
based on the closing price of the Company's shares on the day prior to the grant date. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense of approximately
$1,000
related to these
100,000
shares of restricted stock during the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
. All
100,000
shares remained unvested at
March 31, 2018
.
The following table presents the activity of the Company’s unvested shares of restricted stock for the
three months ended March 31, 2018
:
|
|
|
|
Common Unvested Shares
|
Number of
Shares
|
Outstanding January 1, 2018
|
2,102,522
|
|
Granted
|
100,000
|
|
Vested
|
—
|
|
Forfeited
|
(20,000
|
)
|
Outstanding March 31, 2018
|
2,182,522
|
|
The aggregate intrinsic value of the awards of
8,522
,
74,000
,
100,000
and
2,000,000
shares is
$3,000
,
$24,000
,
$38,000
, and
$760,000
, respectively and the remaining weighted average life of these awards is
0.32
years,
0.23
years,
2.43
years, and
1.63
years respectively as of
March 31, 2018
. As of
March 31, 2018
, a total of
$601,000
in stock based compensation remained unrecognized.
(
7
)
Discontinued Operations
On October 25, 2013, the Company sold substantially all of the operating assets comprising its structured settlement business to Majestic Opco LLC pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement. No structured settlement receivables were sold and no on-balance sheet liabilities were transferred in connection with the sale. On August 18, 2015, the Company sold its remaining structured settlement receivables asset to the buyer of its operating assets.
As a result of the sale of its structured settlements business, the Company reclassified its structured settlement business operating results as discontinued operations in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for all periods presented.
Operating results related to the Company’s discontinued structured settlement business are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
Total income
|
$
|
17
|
|
|
$
|
3
|
|
Total expenses
|
18
|
|
|
192
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
(1
|
)
|
|
(189
|
)
|
(Benefit) provision for income taxes
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes
|
$
|
(1
|
)
|
|
$
|
(189
|
)
|
(
8
)
Life Settlements (Life Insurance Policies)
The Company accounts for policies it acquires using the fair value method in accordance with ASC 325-30-50
Investments-Other-Investment in Insurance Contracts
. Under the fair value method, the Company recognizes the initial investment at the purchase price. For policies that were relinquished in satisfaction of premium finance loans at maturity, the initial investment is the loan carrying value. For policies purchased in the secondary or tertiary markets, the initial investment is the amount of cash outlay at the time of purchase. At each reporting period, the Company re-measures the investment at fair value in its entirety and recognizes changes in the Statements of Operations in the periods in which the changes occur.
As of
March 31, 2018
and
December 31, 2017
, the Company owned
603
and
608
policies, respectively, with an aggregate estimated fair value of life settlements of
$567.6 million
and
$567.5 million
, respectively.
The weighted average life expectancy calculated based on death benefit of insureds in the policies owned by the Company at
March 31, 2018
was
8.1
years. The following table describes the Company’s life settlements as of
March 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remaining Life Expectancy (In Years)*
|
Number of
Life Settlement
Contracts
|
|
Estimated Fair
Value
|
|
Face
Value
|
0 - 1
|
9
|
|
|
$
|
31,822
|
|
|
$
|
38,774
|
|
1 - 2
|
12
|
|
|
31,769
|
|
|
48,028
|
|
2 - 3
|
29
|
|
|
60,552
|
|
|
113,070
|
|
3 - 4
|
36
|
|
|
59,685
|
|
|
159,501
|
|
4 - 5
|
53
|
|
|
88,757
|
|
|
248,700
|
|
Thereafter
|
464
|
|
|
295,043
|
|
|
2,244,730
|
|
Total
|
603
|
|
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
|
$
|
2,852,803
|
|
*Based on remaining life expectancy at
March 31, 2018
, as derived from reports of third party life expectancy providers, and does not indicate the timing of expected death benefits. See "Life Settlements" in Note 14, "Fair Value Measurements" of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
The weighted average life expectancy calculated based on death benefit of insureds in the policies owned by the Company at
December 31, 2017
was
8.3
years. The following table describes the Company’s life settlements as of
December 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remaining Life Expectancy (In Years)*
|
Number of
Life Settlement
Contracts
|
|
Estimated Fair
Value
|
|
Face
Value
|
0-1
|
9
|
|
|
$
|
29,520
|
|
|
$
|
36,474
|
|
1-2
|
13
|
|
|
30,362
|
|
|
42,718
|
|
2-3
|
25
|
|
|
46,609
|
|
|
92,780
|
|
3-4
|
32
|
|
|
68,439
|
|
|
168,946
|
|
4-5
|
60
|
|
|
98,516
|
|
|
281,865
|
|
Thereafter
|
469
|
|
|
294,046
|
|
|
2,257,704
|
|
Total
|
608
|
|
|
$
|
567,492
|
|
|
$
|
2,880,487
|
|
*Based on remaining life expectancy at
December 31, 2017
, as derived from reports of third party life expectancy providers, and does not indicate the timing of expected death benefits. See "Life Settlements" in Note
14
, "Fair Value Measurements" of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Estimated premiums to be paid for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter to keep the life insurance policies in force as of
March 31, 2018
, are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remainder of 2018
|
$
|
68,542
|
|
2019
|
98,849
|
|
2020
|
102,051
|
|
2021
|
101,723
|
|
2022
|
98,224
|
|
Thereafter
|
788,220
|
|
|
$
|
1,257,609
|
|
The amount of
$1.26 billion
noted above represents the estimated total future premium payments required to keep the life insurance policies in force during the life expectancies of all the underlying insured lives and does not give effect to projected receipt of death benefits. The estimated total future premium payments could increase or decrease significantly to the extent that insurance carriers increase the cost of insurance on their issued policies or that actual mortalities of insureds differs from the estimated life expectancies.
(
9
)
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
Effective
April 29, 2013
, White Eagle entered into a
15
-year revolving credit agreement with LNV Corporation, as initial lender, Imperial Finance & Trading, LLC, as servicer and portfolio manager and CLMG Corp., as administrative agent. Proceeds from the initial advance under the facility were used, in part, to retire a bridge facility and to fund a payment to the lender protection insurance provider to release subrogation rights in certain of the policies pledged as collateral for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. On May 16, 2014, White Eagle Asset Portfolio, LLC converted from a Delaware limited liability company to White Eagle Asset Portfolio, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (the "Conversion") and all of its ownership interests were transferred to an indirect, wholly-owned Irish subsidiary of the Company. In connection with the Conversion, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was amended and restated among White Eagle, as borrower, Imperial Finance and Trading, LLC, as the initial servicer, the initial portfolio manager and guarantor, Lamington Road Bermuda Ltd., as portfolio manager, LNV Corporation, as initial lender, the other financial institutions party thereto as lenders, and CLMG Corp., as administrative agent for the lenders. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was amended on November 9, 2015. As amended, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility may provide earlier participation in the portfolio cash flows if certain loan to value ("LTV") ratios are achieved. Additionally, the maximum facility limit was reduced from
$300.0 million
to
$250.0 million
, and the interest rate under the facility was increased by
50
basis points.
On December 29, 2016, White Eagle entered into a Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement ("White Eagle Second Amendment") and on
January 31, 2017, as required by the terms of the White Eagle Second Amendment, White Eagle executed the Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated January 31, 2017, which consolidated into a single document the amendments evidenced by the White Eagle Amendment and all previous amendments.
As amended, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility adjusted the loan-to-value ("LTV") ratios which directed cash flow participation and became subjected to achieving certain financial metrics, as more fully described below under "Amortization & Distributions." Pursuant to the White Eagle Second Amendment,
190
life settlement policies purchased from wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company were pledged as additional collateral under the facility for an additional policy advance of approximately
$71.1 million
. The maximum facility limit was increased to
$370.0 million
and the term of the facility was extended to
December 31, 2031
. Additional loan terms and amendment changes are more fully described in the sections that follow.
On October 4, 2017, White Eagle entered into an amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement. The amendment changed the provisions over how participation of the proceeds from the maturity of the policies pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are distributed pursuant to a waterfall. The amendment included an exclusion from the cash interest coverage ratio of at least
2.0
:1 for the period of July 1, 2017 through July 28, 2017. As a result of the amendment, the Company was able to participate in the waterfall distribution scheduled during October 2017.
General & Security
. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility provides for an asset-based revolving credit facility backed by White Eagle’s portfolio of life insurance policies with an aggregate lender commitment of up to
$370.0 million
, subject to borrowing base availability.
601
life insurance policies with an aggregate death benefit of approximately
$2.8 billion
and an estimated fair value of approximately
$566.8 million
are pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility at
March 31, 2018
. In addition, the equity interests in White Eagle have been pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
Borrowing Base.
Borrowing availability under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base, which at any time is equal to the lesser of (A) the sum of all of the following amounts that have been funded or are to be funded through the next distribution date: (i) the initial advance and all additional advances to acquire additional pledged policies that are not for ongoing maintenance advances, plus (ii)
100%
of the sum of the ongoing maintenance costs, plus (iii)
100%
of fees and expense deposits and other fees and expenses funded and to be funded as approved by the required lenders, less (iv) any required payments of principal and interest previously distributed and to be distributed through the next distribution date; (B)
75%
of the valuation of the policies pledged as collateral as determined by the lenders; (C)
50%
of the aggregate face amount of the policies pledged as collateral (excluding certain specified life insurance policies); and (D) the then applicable facility limit. At
March 31, 2018
,
$19.9 million
was undrawn and
$5.6 million
was available to borrow under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. The amount available to borrow is calculated based on and limited to the premium payments and expenses if any, that are due as of the calculation date. In essence, the amount available is what is required to pay expenses and keep the policies in force as of the calculation date.
Amortization & Distributions.
Proceeds from the maturity of the policies pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are distributed pursuant to a waterfall. After distributions for premium payments, fees to service providers and payments of interest, a percentage of the collections from policy proceeds are to be paid to the Company, which will vary depending on the then LTV ratio as illustrated below where the valuation is determined by the lenders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LTV
|
|
Premiums, Interest & Other Fees
|
|
Principal
|
|
Distribution to White Eagle - 55%
|
|
Lender Participation - 45%
|
N/A
|
|
100%
|
|
—%
|
|
—%
|
|
—%
|
>65%
|
|
N/A
|
|
100%
|
|
—%
|
|
—%
|
50-65%
|
|
N/A
|
|
70%
|
|
16.5%
|
|
13.5%
|
35-50%
|
|
N/A
|
|
55%
|
|
24.8%
|
|
20.3%
|
0-35%
|
|
N/A
|
|
45%
|
|
30.3%
|
|
24.8%
|
Provided that (i) if (a) the Company failed to maintain a cash interest coverage ratio of at least
2.0
:1 at any time during the immediately preceding calendar quarter or (b) the Company fails to take steps to improve its solvency in a manner acceptable to the required lenders (as determined in their sole and absolute discretion), then the cash flow sweep percentage to the lenders shall equal one-hundred percent (
100%
) and (ii) if such distribution date occurs on or after December 29, 2025, then the cash flow sweep percentage shall equal one-hundred percent (
100%
). As of
March 31, 2018
, the cash interest coverage ratio was
6.06
:1 and the loan to value ratio was
66%
, as calculated using the lenders' valuation. It should be noted that although the Company met the required cash interest coverage ratio at quarter end, the loan to value threshold was not met at the end of the quarter, as a result, the Company will not participate in any cash flow sweep subsequent to the quarter end.
The cash interest coverage ratio is the ratio of (i) consolidated cash and cash equivalents maintained by the Company to (ii) the aggregate interest amounts that will be due and payable in cash on (x) the
$35.0 million
8.5% Senior Secured Notes due July 15, 2021 (and any notes issued by the Company or any of its Affiliates in connection with refinancing, replacing, substituting or any similar action with respect to any such notes), the
$75.8 million
5% Convertible Notes due February 15, 2023 (and any notes issued by the Company or any of its Affiliates in connection with refinancing, replacing, substituting or any similar action with respect to any such notes), and the
$1.2 million
8.5% Convertible Notes due February 15, 2019 (and any notes issued by the Company or any of its Affiliates in connection with refinancing, replacing, substituting or any similar action with respect to any such notes) and (y) any additional indebtedness issued by the Company after December 29, 2016, in each case, during the twelve month period following such date of determination. See Note
10
, "
8.50%
Senior Unsecured
Convertible Notes", Note
11
, "
5.0%
Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes", Note 12, "15.0% Senior Secured Notes", and Note
13
, "
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
With respect to approximately
25%
of the face amount of policies pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, White Eagle has agreed that if policy proceeds that are otherwise due are not paid by an insurance carrier, the foregoing distributions will be altered such that the lenders will receive any "catch-up" payments with respect to amounts that they would have received in the waterfall prior to distributions being made to White Eagle. During the continuance of events of default or unmatured events of default, the amounts from collections of policy proceeds that might otherwise be paid to White Eagle will instead be held in a designated account controlled by the lenders and may be applied to fund operating and third party expenses, interest and principal, "catch-up" payments or percentage payments that would go to the lenders as described above.
Assuming no event of default, funds on account from policy proceeds shall be distributed in specified stages of priority. For the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
and 2017, approximately
$7.8 million
and
$2.5 million
, respectively, of proceeds received from the maturity of policies pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, were distributed through the waterfall in the following stages of priority (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2017
|
|
|
Clause
|
Amount
|
|
Use of Proceeds
|
First:
|
$
|
84
|
|
|
$
|
59
|
|
|
Custodian and Securities Intermediary
|
Second:
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
White Eagle - Ongoing Maintenance Cost Reimbursable
|
Third:
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Administrative Agent - Protective Advances
|
Fourth:
|
10
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
Administrative Agent - Administrative Agent Fee and Legal Expense Reimbursement
|
Fifth:
|
5,187
|
|
|
2,412
|
|
|
Administrative Agent - Accrued and Unpaid Interest
|
Sixth:
|
1,763
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Administrative Agent - Required Amortization
|
Seventh:
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Administrative Agent - Amortization Shortfall
|
Eighth:
|
340
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Administrative Agent - Participation Interest
|
Ninth:
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Reserved - $0
|
Tenth:
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Administrative Agent Aggregate Unpaid Participation Interest
|
Eleventh:
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Administrative Agent - Remaining Available Amount After Clause First to Tenth
|
Twelfth:
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Wilmington Trust - Custodian and Securities Intermediary - Unpaid Fees
|
Thirteenth:
|
416
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Borrower - Any Remaining Available Amount After Clause First to Twelfth
|
Total Distributions
|
$
|
7,800
|
|
|
$
|
2,481
|
|
|
|
Approximately
$7.8 million
of the amount distributed during the
three months ended March 31, 2018
was from maturity proceeds collected during the year ended
December 31, 2017
.
The below is a reconciliation of proceeds collected by the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and distributed through the waterfall as shown above (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Face value collected in 2017 and distributed in 2018
|
$
|
7,759
|
|
Face value collected in 2018
|
23,345
|
|
Other collections*
|
211
|
|
Total waterfall collection
|
31,315
|
|
Less: Total waterfall distribution during the three months ended March 31, 2018
|
(7,799
|
)
|
Total to be distributed subsequent to the quarter ended March 31, 2018
|
23,516
|
|
|
|
*Includes refund of premiums and interest earned on maturity proceeds
Use of Proceeds.
Generally, ongoing advances may be made for paying premiums on the life insurance policies pledged as collateral and to pay the fees of service providers. Effective with the White Eagle Amendment on November 9, 2015,
ongoing advances may no longer be used to pay interest, which will now be paid by White Eagle if there is not otherwise sufficient amounts available from policy proceeds to be distributed to pay interest expense pursuant to the waterfall described above in "Amortization and Distributions." Subsequent advances and the use of proceeds from those advances are at the discretion of the lenders. During the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
and
2017
, advances for premium payments and fees to service providers amounted to (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31,
|
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
Amount drawn for premium payments
|
$
|
22,132
|
|
|
$
|
20,759
|
|
|
Amount drawn in fees to service providers
|
640
|
|
|
525
|
|
|
Total amount drawn
|
$
|
22,772
|
|
|
$
|
21,284
|
|
|
Interest.
Borrowings under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR or, if LIBOR is unavailable, the base rate, in each case plus an applicable margin of
4.50%
, which was increased from
4.00%
pursuant to the November 9, 2015 amendment, and subject to a rate floor component equal to the greater of LIBOR (or the applicable rate) and
1.5%
. The base rate under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility equals the sum of (i) the weighted average of the interest rates on overnight federal funds transactions or, if unavailable, the average of three federal funds quotations received by the Agent plus
0.75%
and (ii)
0.5%
. Based on the loan agreement, the LIBOR portion of the interest rate will re-adjust annually, once the floor has exceeded
1.5%
. The applicable rate will be dependent on the rate at the last business day of the preceding calendar year. On December 29, 2017, the LIBOR floor increased from
1.69%
to
2.11%
. The effective rate at
March 31, 2018
and
2017
was
6.61%
and
6.19%
, respectively.
Interest paid during the period is recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Accrued interest is reflected as a component of the estimated fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility debt. Total interest expense on the facility during the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
and
2017
paid through the waterfall distribution from maturity proceeds or paid directly by White Eagle was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
Interest paid through waterfall
|
$
|
5,187
|
|
|
$
|
2,412
|
|
Interest paid by White Eagle
|
—
|
|
|
782
|
|
Participation interest paid through waterfall
|
340
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total interest expense
|
$
|
5,527
|
|
|
$
|
3,194
|
|
Maturity.
Effective with the White Eagle Second Amendment, the term of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility expires
December 31, 2031
, which is also the scheduled commitment termination date (though the lenders’ commitments to fund borrowings may terminate earlier in an event of default). The lenders’ interests in and rights to a portion of the proceeds of the policies does not terminate with the repayment of the principal borrowed and interest accrued thereon, the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility or expiration of the lenders’ commitments.
Covenants/Events of Defaults
. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility contains covenants and events of default that are customary for asset-based credit agreements of this type, but also includes cross defaults under the servicing, account control, contribution and pledge agreements entered into in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility (including in relation to breaches by third parties thereunder), certain changes in law, changes in control of or insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company and relevant subsidiary companies and performance of certain obligations by certain relevant subsidiary companies, White Eagle and third parties. Effective with the White Eagle Second Amendment, and as described above in "Amortization and Distributions", the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility contains a financial covenant requiring White Eagle to maintain a cash interest coverage ratio of at least
1.75
:1 commencing after June 30, 2019. Failure to maintain this ratio for
60
consecutive days after June 30, 2019 constitutes an event of default. There is no cash interest coverage ratio requirement that would result in an event of default prior to this date; however, any failure to maintain a cash interest coverage
ratio of at least
2.0
:1 does impact the cash flow sweep percentage for proceeds distributed through the waterfall. As of
March 31, 2018
, the cash interest coverage ratio was
6.06
:1. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility also contains certain tests relating to asset maintenance, performance and valuation, the satisfaction of which will be determined by the lenders with a high degree of discretion.
Remedies.
The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and ancillary transaction documents afford the lenders a high degree of discretion in their selection and implementation of remedies, including strict foreclosure, in relation to any event of default, including a high degree of discretion in determining whether to foreclose upon and liquidate all or any pledged policies, the interests in White Eagle, and the manner of any such liquidation. White Eagle has limited ability to cure events of default through the sale of policies or the procurement of replacement financing.
The Company elected to account for the debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility in accordance with ASC 820, which includes the
45%
interest in policy proceeds to the lender, using the fair value method. The fair value of the debt is the amount the Company would have to pay to transfer the debt to a market participant in an orderly transaction. The Company calculated the fair value of the debt using a discounted cash flow model taking into account the stated interest rate of the credit facility and probabilistic cash flows from the pledged policies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the Company’s estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company, or holders of the instruments, could realize in a current market exchange. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate. The use of different assumptions and/or estimation methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair values.
At
March 31, 2018
, the fair value of the outstanding debt was
$347.9 million
and the borrowing base was approximately
$355.7 million
, which includes
$350.1 million
of outstanding principal. Approximately
$5.6 million
was available to borrow under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Subsequent to the quarter end, approximately
$17.8 million
was repaid towards the outstanding principal.
There are no scheduled repayments of principal prior to maturity although payments are due upon the next distribution date following the receipt of death benefits and distributed pursuant to the waterfall as described above. At
March 31, 2018
, approximately
$23.5 million
included in cash and cash equivalents (VIE) was on account with White Eagle awaiting distribution through the waterfall.
(
10
)
8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes
In February 2014, the Company issued
$70.7 million
in an aggregate principal amount of
8.50%
senior unsecured convertible notes due
2019
(the "Convertible Notes" or "8.5% Convertible Notes"). The Convertible Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture dated
February 21, 2014
, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the "Convertible Note Indenture").
The Convertible Notes are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company's other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness. The Convertible Notes are effectively subordinate to all of the Company's secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets collateralizing such indebtedness. The Convertible Notes are not guaranteed by the Company's subsidiaries.
The maturity date of the Convertible Notes is
February 15, 2019
. The Convertible Notes accrue interest at the rate of
8.50%
per annum on the principal amount of the Convertible Notes, payable
semi-annually in arrears on August 15 and February 15 of each year
.
The Convertible Notes are convertible into shares of common stock at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. Initially, the Convertible Notes were convertible into shares of common stock at a conversion rate of
147.9290
shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes (equivalent to a conversion price of
$6.76
per share of common stock). In the second quarter of 2015, the conversion rate was adjusted to
151.7912
shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes (equivalent to a conversion price of
$6.59
per share of common stock) in connection with an anti-dilution adjustment triggered by a rights offering that resulted in the issuance of
6,688,433
shares of the Company’s common stock.
On and after
February 15, 2017
and prior to the maturity date, the Company may redeem for cash all, but not less than all, of the Convertible Notes if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds
130%
of the applicable conversion price for at least
20
trading days during the
30
consecutive trading day period ending on the trading day
immediately prior to the date the Company delivers notice of the redemption. The redemption price will be equal to
100%
of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, if a make-whole fundamental change occurs prior to maturity date, and a holder elects to convert its Convertible Notes in connection therewith, the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate by a number of additional shares of common stock for holders who convert their notes prior to the redemption date.
The Company determined that an embedded conversion option existed in the Convertible Notes that was required to be separately accounted for as a derivative under ASC 815 which required the Company to bifurcate the embedded conversion option, record it as a liability at fair value and record a debt discount by an equal amount. Upon receipt of shareholder approval to issue shares of common stock upon conversion of the Convertible Notes in an amount that exceeded applicable New York Stock Exchange limits for issuances without shareholder approval, the Company reclassified the embedded conversion derivative liability to equity. The Convertible Notes are recorded at accreted value and will continue to be accreted up to the par value of the Convertible Notes at maturity.
On February 14, 2017, the Company solicited consents (the "Consent Solicitation") to issue additional
8.50%
Convertible Notes (the "Additional Convertible Notes") in lieu of a cash payment of interest on February 15, 2017 (the "2017 Interest Payment Date") to holders of the Convertible Notes.
On March 14, 2017, the Company issued Additional Convertible Notes for an aggregate principal amount of
$3.5 million
following the Company’s receipt of the requisite consents of the holders of approximately
98%
of the aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes (the "Consenting Holders"), pursuant to the Consent Solicitation, whereby each Consenting Holder agreed to accept Additional Convertible Notes in lieu of a cash payment of interest on the Convertible Notes due on the 2017 Interest Payment Date. All Additional Convertible Notes issued by the Company to Consenting Holders were issued under the Convertible Note Indenture and such Additional Convertible Notes have identical terms to the existing Convertible Notes. Interest on the Additional Convertible Notes will accrue from February 15, 2017.
On March 15, 2017 and May 12, 2017, the Company entered into a series of separate Master Transaction Agreements (the "Master Transaction Agreements") by and among the Company, PJC Investments, LLC, a Texas limited liability company ("PJC") and each such Consenting Convertible Note Holder that is a party to such Master Transaction Agreement regarding a series of integrated transactions with the intent to effect a recapitalization of the Company (the "Transaction") which included, among other transactions, a Convertible Note Exchange Offer and a New Convertible Note Indenture providing for the issuance of New Convertible Notes to be delivered in connection with the Transaction (each as defined in the Master Transaction Agreements).
As part of the Transaction, on April 18, 2017, the Company launched an exchange offer (the "Convertible Note Exchange Offer") to the existing holders of its outstanding Convertible Notes for
5.0%
Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes due 2023 (the "New Convertible Notes" or "5% Convertible Notes"). At least
98%
of the holders of the Convertible Notes were required to tender in the Convertible Note Exchange Offer as a condition to closing the Transaction.
On July 26, 2017, the Company’s offer to exchange its outstanding
$74.2 million
aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes for its New Convertible Notes expired. Holders of at least
98%
of the holders of the Convertible Notes tendered in the Convertible Note Exchange Offer. On July 28, 2017, the Company consummated a series of integrated transactions to effect a recapitalization of the Company (the "Transaction Closing") pursuant to the Master Transaction Agreements, which transactions included the consummation of the Convertible Note Exchange Offer. The amount exchanged included approximately
$73.0 million
of principal outstanding prior to the exchange and approximately
$2.8 million
of interest paid in kind at the exchange date. The outstanding principal amount of the Convertible Notes after the exchange was approximately
$1.2 million
.
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company entered into a supplemental indenture (the "Supplemental Convertible Note Indenture") to the Convertible Note Indenture governing the Convertible Notes. The purpose of the Supplemental Convertible Note Indenture was to eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants, eliminate certain events of default, eliminate the covenant restricting mergers and consolidations and modify certain provisions relating to defeasance contained in the Convertible Note Indenture and the Convertible Notes (collectively, the "Proposed Amendments") promptly after the receipt of the requisite consents for the Proposed Amendments.
The Company performed an assessment of the modification of the Convertible Notes under
ASC 470, Debt
, and determined the transaction is a troubled debt restructuring. The Company did
no
t recognize any gain as a result of the restructuring, therefore, approximately
$7.7 million
was reclassified to the New Convertible Notes, including
$6.7
and
$991,000
related to debt discount and origination cost, respectively. See Note
11
"5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes" for a description of the changes in terms of the Convertible Notes.
As of
March 31, 2018
, the carrying value of the Convertible Notes was
$1.1 million
, net of unamortized debt discounts and origination costs of
$66,000
and
$10,000
, respectively. These are being amortized over the remaining life of the Convertible Notes using the effective interest method.
During the
three months ended March 31, 2018
, the Company recorded
$46,000
of interest expense on the Convertible Notes, including
$25,000
,
$18,000
and
$3,000
from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively, compared to interest expense of
$3.1 million
during the
three months ended March 31, 2017
, which included
$2.1 million
,
$862,000
and
$128,000
from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively.
(
11
) 5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes
On July 26, 2017, the Company’s Convertible Note Exchange Offer expired. Holders of at least
98%
of the Convertible Notes tendered in the Convertible Note Exchange Offer.
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company caused to be issued the New Convertible Notes in an aggregate amount of approximately
$75.8 million
pursuant to an Indenture (the "New Convertible Note Indenture") between the Company and U.S. Bank, National Association, as indenture trustee. The terms of the New Convertible Notes are governed by the New Convertible Note Indenture, which provide, among other things, that the New Convertible Notes are unsecured senior obligations of the Company and will mature on
February 15, 2023
. The New Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of
5%
per annum from the issue date, payable semi-annually on August 15 and February 15 of each year, beginning on August 15, 2017.
Holders of New Convertible Notes may convert their New Convertible Notes at their option on any day prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding
February 15, 2023
. Upon conversion, the Company will deliver shares of Common Stock, together with any cash payment for any fractional share of Common Stock. The initial conversion rate for the New Convertible Notes denominated in
$1,000
increments will be
500
shares of Common Stock per
$1,000
principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which corresponds to an initial conversion price of approximately
$2.00
per share of Common Stock. The initial conversion rate for the New Convertible Notes denominated in
$1.00
increments will be
0.5
shares of Common Stock per
$1.00
principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which corresponds to an initial conversion price of approximately
$2.00
per share of Common Stock. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment in certain circumstances.
The Company may redeem, in whole but not in part, the New Convertible Notes at a redemption price of
100%
of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, if and only if the last reported sale price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds
120%
of the conversion price for at least
15
trading days in any period of
30
consecutive trading days. The Company may, at its election, pay or deliver as the case may be, to all Holders of the New Convertible Notes, either (a) solely cash, (b) solely shares of Common Stock, or (c) a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock.
The provisions of the New Convertible Note Indenture include a make-whole provision to compensate the Company’s debt holders for the lost option time value and forgone interest payments upon the Company experiencing a Fundamental Change (as defined in the New Convertible Note Indenture). These Fundamental Changes revolve around change in beneficial ownership, the consummation of specified transactions which result in the conversion of common stock into other assets or the sale, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, a majority change in the composition of the Company’s Board of Directors, the Company’s stockholders' approval of any plan for liquidation of dissolution of the Company, and the Common Stock ceasing to be listed or quoted on a Trading Market (as defined in the New Convertible Note Indenture). The number of incremental additional shares to be issued as a result of a Fundamental Change is based on a table which calculates the adjustment based on the inputs of time and share value.
The New Convertible Note Indenture provides for customary events of default, which include (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), among others: nonpayment of principal or interest; breach of covenants or other agreements in the New Convertible Note Indenture; defaults or failure to pay certain other indebtedness; and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency. Generally, if an event of default occurs and is continuing under the New Convertible Note Indenture, the trustee or the holders of at least
25%
in aggregate principal amount of the New Convertible Notes then outstanding may declare all unpaid principal plus accrued interest on the New Convertible Notes immediately due and payable, subject to certain conditions
set forth in the New Convertible Note Indenture. In addition, holders of the New Convertible Notes may require the Company to repurchase the New Convertible Notes upon the occurrence of certain designated events at a repurchase price of
100%
of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The New Convertible Note Indenture, among other things, includes provisions such as the Company’s failure to timely file any document or report that is required to be filed with the SEC, as well as a registration statement covering the re-sale by holders of the New Convertible Notes not being declared effective by the SEC; the Company’s failure to cure such a default within 14 days after the occurrence will result in the Company being required to pay additional interest in cash.
Additional interest on the New Convertible Notes will accrue with respect to the first 90-day period (or portion thereof) following the restricted transfer triggering date, which is 120 days after the last date on which any securities are originally issued under the New Convertible Note Indenture, if certain circumstances occur resulting in a restricted transfer default. For each day that a restricted transfer default is continuing at a rate equal to
0.25%
per annum of the principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which rate will increase by an additional
0.25%
per annum of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes for each subsequent
90
- day period (or portion thereof) while a restricted transfer default is continuing until all restricted transfer defaults have been cured, up to a maximum of
0.5%
of the principal amount of the securities. Following the cure of all restricted transfer defaults, the accrual of additional interest arising from restricted transfer defaults will cease.
The New Convertible Note Indenture states that the sole remedy for an event of default relating to the failure by the Company to comply with the provisions of the New Convertible Note Indenture requiring timely reporting by the Company and for any failure to comply with Section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act shall, for the first
365
days after the occurrence of such an Event of Default, consist exclusively of the right to receive special interest on the New Convertible Notes at an annual rate equal to
0.50%
of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes.
As of
March 31, 2018
, the carrying value of the New Convertible Notes was
$68.9 million
, net of unamortized debt discounts and origination costs of
$6.0 million
and
$891,000
, respectively. These are being amortized over the remaining life of the New Convertible Notes using the effective interest method.
During the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
, the Company recorded
$1.2 million
of interest expense on the New Convertible Notes, including
$948,000
,
$239,000
and
$35,000
from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively.
(
12
)
15.0%
Senior Secured Notes
On March 11, 2016, the Company, as issuer, entered into an indenture (the " Senior Secured Indenture") with Wilmington Trust Company, as indenture trustee (the "Senior Secured Note Trustee"). The Senior Secured Indenture provides for the issuance of up to
$30.0 million
in senior secured notes (the "
15.0%
Senior Secured Notes"), of which approximately
$21.2 million
were issued on the Initial Closing Date with an additional
$8.8 million
issued on March 24, 2016. The
15.0%
Senior Secured Notes were purchased in private transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, under the note purchase agreements with certain accredited investors and/or non U.S. persons, including certain members of the Company's board of directors, management and their affiliates, who purchased approximately
$3.3 million
of the
15.0%
Senior Secured Notes issued.
All outstanding principal and interest amounts due under the
15.0%
Senior Secured Note were repaid on July 28, 2017 in connection with the consummation of the Transaction Closing. See Note 13, 8.5% Senior Secured Notes to the consolidated financial statements.
During the
three months ended March 31, 2017
, the Company recorded approximately
$1.2 million
of interest on the
15.0%
Senior Secured Note which included
$1.1 million
of interest and
$90,000
of amortizing debt issuance costs, respectively.
(
13
) 8.5% Senior Secured Notes
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company and the Senior Secured Note Trustee entered into an Amended and Restated Senior Secured Note Indenture (the "Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture") to amend and restate the Senior Secured Indenture between the Company and the Senior Secured Note Trustee following the Company’s receipt of requisite consents of the holders of the
15%
Senior Secured Notes. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture, the Company caused the cancellation of all outstanding
15%
Senior Secured Notes and the issuance of
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes due 2021 (the "8.5% Senior Secured Notes") in an aggregate amount of
$30.0 million
. On August 11, 2017 and August 14, 2017 the Company issued an additional
$3.5 million
and
$1.5 million
of
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes which resulted in total notes issued of
$35.0 million
. The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides, among other things, that the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes will be secured senior obligations of the Company and will mature on July 15, 2021. The
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes bear interest at a rate of
8.5%
per annum, payable quarterly on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2017. Certain holders of the Company's securities that are party to Board Designation Agreements (as discussed below), purchased approximately
$24.5 million
of the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes that were issued in exchange for
15%
Senior Secured Notes during the year ended December 31, 2017.
The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides that the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes may be optionally redeemed in full by the Company at any time and must be redeemed in full upon additional issuances of debt by the Company, in each case at a price equal to
100%
of the principal amount redeemed plus (i) accrued and unpaid interest thereon up to the date of redemption, and (ii) the Applicable Premium, if any, as defined in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture. Upon a change of control, the Company will be required to make an offer to holders of the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes to repurchase the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes at a price equal to
107.5%
of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon up to the date of redemption.
The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture contains negative covenants restricting additional debt incurred by the Company, creation of liens on the collateral securing the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes, and restrictions on dividends and stock repurchases, among other things. The
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes are secured by settlement proceeds, if any, received from certain litigation involving the Company, certain notes issued to the Company, and pledges of
65%
of the equity interests in Blue Heron Designated Activity Company ("Blue Heron"), OLIPP IV, LLC and Red Reef Alternative Investments, LLC.
On January 10, 2018, the Company commenced the process of appointing a liquidator to liquidate Blue Heron. The completion of liquidation formalities of Blue Heron under Irish law is expected to take several months. Blue Heron is an inactive subsidiary of the Company. In connection with liquidation of Blue Heron, the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture (the "Trustee"),entered into (i) the First Supplemental Indenture (the "First Supplemental Indenture"), dated as of January 10, 2018, to implement certain amendments to the Indenture and (ii) the Amendment to Pledge and Security Agreement ("Pledge and Security Amendment"), dated as of January 10, 2018, to implement certain amendments to the Pledge and Security Agreement Pledge and Security Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2016, between the Company and Trustee. The First Supplemental Indenture and the Pledge and Security Amendment amend the Indenture and Pledge and Security Agreement, respectively, to: (i) remove from the assets pledged to the secured parties under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture,
65%
of the equity and certain other assets of Blue Heron; and (ii) reflect the pledge by the Company, in favor of the secured parties under the Indenture, of the promissory note dated as of December 29, 2016 in the principal sum of
$69.6 million
issued by OLIPP IV, LLC to Blue Heron and subsequently assigned to the Company.
The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides for customary events of default which include (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), among others: nonpayment of principal or interest; breach of covenants or other agreements in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture; defaults in failure to pay certain other indebtedness; and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency. Generally, if an event of default occurs and is continuing under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture, the Senior Secured Note Trustee or the holders of at least
25%
in aggregate principal amount of the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes then outstanding may declare the principal of and accrued but unpaid interest, plus a premium, if any, on all the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes immediately due and payable, subject to certain conditions set forth in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture.
At
March 31, 2018
, the outstanding principal of the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes was
$35.0 million
with a carrying value of
$33.9 million
, net of unamortized debt issuance cost of
$1.1 million
.
During the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
, the Company recorded approximately
$807,000
of interest expense on the
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes, which includes
$744,000
of interest and
$64,000
of amortizing debt issuance costs.
(
14
)
Fair Value Measurements
The Company carries life settlements and debt under the Revolving Credit Facility at fair value as shown in the consolidated balance sheets. Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. Fair value measurements are classified based on the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1
-Valuation is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that are accessible at the reporting date. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these products does not entail a significant degree of judgment.
Level 2
-Valuation is determined from pricing inputs that are other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Observable inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.
Level 3
-Valuation is based on inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Level 3 inputs include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value generally require significant management judgment or estimation.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The balances of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of
March 31, 2018
, are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total
Fair Value
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in life settlements
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
The balances of the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of
March 31, 2018
are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total
Fair Value
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
347,860
|
|
|
$
|
347,860
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
347,860
|
|
|
$
|
347,860
|
|
The balances of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of
December 31, 2017
, are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total Fair
Value
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in life settlements
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
567,492
|
|
|
$
|
567,492
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
567,492
|
|
|
$
|
567,492
|
|
The balances of the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of
December 31, 2017
, are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total Fair
Value
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
329,240
|
|
|
$
|
329,240
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
329,240
|
|
|
$
|
329,240
|
|
The Company categorizes its investment in life settlement portfolio in two classes, non-premium financed and premium financed. In considering the categories, historically, it has generally believed that market participants would require a lower risk premium for policies that were non-premium financed, while a higher risk premium would be required for policies that were premium financed; the Company believes that this risk premium has been declining.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands)
|
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
|
|
|
Fair Value
at 3/31/18
|
|
Aggregate
death benefit
at 3/31/18
|
|
Valuation Technique
|
|
Unobservable Input
|
|
Range
(Weighted Average)
|
Non-premium financed
|
$
|
100,678
|
|
|
$
|
301,963
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow
|
|
Discount rate
|
|
14.50%
|
-
|
17.50%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life expectancy evaluation
|
|
(5.2 years)
|
Premium financed
|
$
|
466,950
|
|
|
$
|
2,550,840
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow
|
|
Discount rate
|
|
15.50%
|
-
|
21.00%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life expectancy evaluation
|
|
(8.5 years)
|
Total Life settlements
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
|
$
|
2,852,803
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow
|
|
Discount rate
|
|
15.99%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life expectancy evaluation
|
|
(8.1 years)
|
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
|
$
|
347,860
|
|
|
$
|
2,840,803
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow
|
|
Discount rate
|
|
18.91%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life expectancy evaluation
|
|
(8.1 years)
|
Following is a description of the methodologies used to estimate the fair values of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and within the fair value hierarchy.
Life settlements
—The Company has elected to account for the life settlement policies it acquires using the fair value method. The Company uses a present value technique to estimate the fair value of its life settlements, which is a Level 3 fair value measurement as the significant inputs are unobservable and require significant management judgment or estimation. The Company currently uses a probabilistic method of valuing life insurance policies, which the Company believes to be the preferred valuation method in the industry. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate.
The Company provides medical records for each insured to LE providers. Each LE provider reviews and analyzes the medical records and identifies all medical conditions it feels are relevant to the life expectancy determination of the insured. Debits and credits are assigned by each LE provider to the individual’s health based on identified medical conditions which are derived from the experience of mortality attributed to relevant conditions in the portfolio of lives that the LE provider monitors. The health of the insured is summarized by the LE provider into a life assessment of the individual’s life expectancy expressed both in terms of months and in mortality factor. The mortality factor represents the degree to which the given life can be considered more or less impaired than a life having similar characteristics (e.g. gender, age, smoking, etc.). For example, a standard insured (the average life for the given mortality table) would carry a mortality rating of
100%
. A similar but impaired life bearing a mortality rating of
200%
would be considered to have twice the chance of dying earlier than the standard life relative to the LE provider’s population. Since each provider’s mortality factor is based on its own mortality table, the Company calculates its own factors to apply to the table selected by the Company.
The Company calculates mortality factors so that when applied to the mortality table selected by the Company, the resulting LE equals the LE provided by each LE provider. The resulting mortality factors are then blended to determine a factor for each insured.
A mortality curve is then generated based on the calculated mortality factors and the rates from the Company selected mortality table to generate the best estimated probabilistic cash flow stream. The net present value of the cash flows is then calculated to determine the policy value.
If the insured dies earlier than expected, the return will be higher than if the insured dies when expected or later than expected. The calculation allows for the possibility that if the insured dies earlier than expected, the premiums needed to keep the policy in force will not have to be paid. Conversely, the calculation also considers the possibility that if the insured lives longer than expected, more premium payments will be necessary.
The Company uses the 2015 Valuation Basic tables, smoker distinct ("2015 VBT"), mortality tables developed by the U.S. Society of Actuaries (the "SOA"). The mortality tables are created based on the expected rates of death among different groups
categorized by factors such as age and gender. The 2015 VBT is based on a large dataset of insured lives, face amount of policies and more current information and its dataset includes
266 million
policies. The experience data in the 2015 VBT dataset includes
2.55 million
claims on policies from
51
insurance carriers. Life experiences implied by the 2015 VBT are generally longer for male and female nonsmokers between the ages of
65
and
80
, while smokers and insureds of both genders over the age of
85
have significantly lower life expectancies. The table shows lower mortality rates in the earlier select periods at most ages, so while the Company continues to fit the life expectancies from the LE providers to the 2015 VBT, the change in the mortality curve changes the timing of the Company’s expected cash flow streams.
Future changes in the life expectancies could have a material adverse effect on the fair value of the Company’s life settlements, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
Life expectancy sensitivity analysis
If all of the insured lives in the Company’s life settlement portfolio lived six months shorter or longer than the life expectancies provided by these third parties, the change in estimated fair value would be as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life Expectancy Months Adjustment
|
Value
|
|
Change in Value
|
+6
|
$
|
477,884
|
|
|
$
|
(89,744
|
)
|
-
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
-6
|
$
|
662,728
|
|
|
$
|
95,100
|
|
Discount rate
The discount rate incorporates current information about market interest rates, the credit exposure to the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy and our estimate of the risk premium an investor in the policy would require.
The Company re-evaluates its discount rates at the end of every reporting period in order to reflect the estimated discount rates that could reasonably be used in a market transaction involving the Company’s portfolio of life settlements. In doing so, consideration is given to the various factors influencing the rates, including risk tolerance and market activity. The Company relies on management insight, engages third party consultants to corroborate its assessment, engages in discussions with other market participants and extrapolates the discount rate underlying actual sales of policies. In considering these factors, at
March 31, 2018
, the Company determined that the weighted average discount rate calculated based on death benefit was
15.99%
compared to
15.95%
at
December 31, 2017
.
Credit exposure of insurance company
The Company considers the financial standing of the issuer of each life insurance policy. Typically, we seek to hold policies issued by insurance companies that are rated investment grade by the top three credit rating agencies. At
March 31, 2018
, the Company had
19
life insurance policies issued by
three
carriers that were rated non-investment grade as of that date. In order to compensate a market participant for the perceived credit and challenge risks associated with these policies, the Company applied an additional
300
basis point risk premium.
The following table provides information about the life insurance issuer concentrations that exceed 10% of total death benefit and 10% of total fair value of the Company’s life settlements as of
March 31, 2018
:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrier
|
Percentage of
Total
Fair Value
|
|
Percentage of
Total Death
Benefit
|
|
Moody's
Rating
|
|
S&P
Rating
|
Transamerica Life Insurance Company
|
18.3
|
%
|
|
21.0
|
%
|
|
A1
|
|
AA-
|
Lincoln National Life Insurance Company
|
22.5
|
%
|
|
19.6
|
%
|
|
A1
|
|
AA-
|
Estimated risk premium
As of
March 31, 2018
, the Company owned
603
policies with an estimated fair value of
$567.6 million
. Of these
603
policies,
526
were previously premium financed and are valued using discount rates that range from
15.50%
to
21.00%
. The remaining
77
policies, which are non-premium financed, are valued using discount rates that range from
14.50%
to
17.50%
. As of
March 31, 2018
, the weighted average discount rate calculated based on death benefit used in valuing the policies in the Company’s life settlement portfolio was
15.99%
.
Market interest rate sensitivity analysis
The discount rate incorporates current information about market interest rates, the credit exposure to the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy and our estimate of the risk premium an investor in the policy would require. The extent to which the fair value could vary in the near term has been quantified by evaluating the effect of changes in the weighted average discount rate on the death benefit used to estimate the fair value. If the weighted average discount rate was increased or decreased by 1/2 of 1% and the other assumptions used to estimate fair value remained the same, the change in estimated fair value would be as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Rate Calculated Based on
|
|
|
|
|
|
Death Benefit
|
Rate Adjustment
|
|
Value
|
|
Change in Value
|
15.49%
|
-0.50%
|
|
|
$
|
581,598
|
|
|
$
|
13,970
|
|
15.99%
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
16.49%
|
+0.50%
|
|
|
$
|
554,229
|
|
|
$
|
(13,399
|
)
|
Future changes in the discount rates we use to value life insurance policies could have a material effect on the Company's yield on life settlement transactions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of our operations.
At the end of each reporting period we re-value the life insurance policies using our valuation model in order to update our estimate of fair value for investments in policies held on our balance sheet. This includes reviewing our assumptions for discount rates and life expectancies as well as incorporating current information for premium payments and the passage of time.
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
— As of
March 31, 2018
,
601
policies are pledged by White Eagle to serve as collateral for its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Absent an event of default under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, ongoing borrowings will be used to pay the premiums on these policies and certain approved third party expenses. As more fully described in Note 9, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility," proceeds from the maturity of the policies pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are distributed pursuant to a waterfall. After premium payments, fees to service providers and payments of interest, a percentage of the collections from policy proceeds are to be paid to the Company, which will vary depending on the then LTV ratio.
The Company elected to account for the debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility in accordance with ASC 820, which includes the
45%
interest in policy proceeds payable to the lender, using the fair value method. The fair value of the debt is the amount the Company would have to pay to transfer the debt to a market participant in an orderly transaction. We calculated the fair value of the debt using a discounted cash flow model taking into account the stated interest rate of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and probabilistic cash flows from the pledged policies. Accordingly, our estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that we, or holders of the instruments, could realize in a current market exchange. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate. The use of different assumptions and/or estimation methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair values.
Life expectancy sensitivity analysis of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
A considerable portion of the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility is determined by the timing of receipt of future policy proceeds. Should life expectancies lengthen such that policy proceeds are collected further into the future, the fair value of this debt will decline. Conversely, should life expectancies shorten, the fair value of this debt will increase. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value.
If all of the insured lives in the life settlement portfolio pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility live six months shorter or longer than the life expectancies used to calculate the estimated fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility debt, the change in estimated fair value would be as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life Expectancy Months Adjustment
|
Fair Value of White Eagle
Revolving Credit
Facility
|
|
Change in Value
|
+6
|
$
|
301,627
|
|
|
$
|
(46,233
|
)
|
|
$
|
347,860
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
-6
|
$
|
396,207
|
|
|
$
|
48,347
|
|
Future changes in the life expectancies could have a material effect on the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
Discount rate of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
The discount rate incorporates current information about market interest rates, credit exposure to insurance companies and the Company’s estimate of the return a lender lending against the policies would require.
Market interest rate sensitivity analysis of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
The extent to which the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility could vary in the near term has been quantified by evaluating the effect of changes in the weighted average discount. If the weighted average discount rate were increased or decreased by
1/2 of 1% and the other assumptions used to estimate fair value remained the same, the change in estimated fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility as of
March 31, 2018
would be as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount Rate
|
Rate Adjustment
|
|
Fair Value of White Eagle
Revolving Credit
Facility
|
|
Change in Value
|
18.41%
|
-0.50
|
%
|
|
$
|
355,206
|
|
|
$
|
7,346
|
|
18.91%
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
347,860
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
19.41%
|
+0.50
|
%
|
|
$
|
340,775
|
|
|
$
|
(7,085
|
)
|
Future changes in the discount rates could have a material effect on the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of its operations.
At
March 31, 2018
, the fair value of the debt was
$347.9 million
and the outstanding principal was approximately
$350.1 million
.
Changes in Fair Value
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the
three months ended March 31, 2018
, for all life settlement assets for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs, which consists solely of life settlements (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Life Settlements:
|
|
Balance, January 1, 2018
|
$
|
567,492
|
|
Purchase of policies
|
—
|
|
Change in fair value
|
5,444
|
|
Matured/lapsed/sold policies
|
(27,700
|
)
|
Premiums paid
|
22,392
|
|
Transfers into level 3
|
—
|
|
Transfer out of level 3
|
—
|
|
Balance, March 31, 2018
|
$
|
567,628
|
|
Changes in fair value included in earnings for the period relating to assets held at March 31, 2018
|
$
|
(11,829
|
)
|
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the
three months ended March 31, 2018
, for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility:
|
|
Balance, January 1, 2018
|
$
|
329,240
|
|
Draws under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
|
22,772
|
|
Payments on White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
|
(1,763
|
)
|
Unrealized change in fair value
|
(2,389
|
)
|
Transfers into level 3
|
—
|
|
Transfer out of level 3
|
—
|
|
Balance, March 31, 2018
|
$
|
347,860
|
|
Changes in fair value included in earnings for period relating to liabilities held at March 31, 2018
|
$
|
(2,389
|
)
|
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the
three months ended March 31, 2017
, for all assets for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs, which consists solely of life settlements (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Life Settlements:
|
|
Balance, January 1, 2017
|
498,400
|
|
Purchase of policies
|
—
|
|
Change in fair value
|
25,540
|
|
Matured/sold policies
|
(37,850
|
)
|
Premiums paid
|
20,582
|
|
Transfers into level 3
|
—
|
|
Transfers out of level 3
|
—
|
|
Balance, March 31, 2017
|
$
|
506,672
|
|
Changes in fair value included in earnings for the period relating to assets held at March 31, 2017
|
$
|
9,152
|
|
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the
three months ended March 31, 2017
, for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility:
|
|
Balance, January 1, 2017
|
257,085
|
|
Draws under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
|
21,284
|
|
Payments on White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
|
—
|
|
Unrealized change in fair value
|
11,831
|
|
Transfers into level 3
|
—
|
|
Transfer out of level 3
|
—
|
|
Balance, March 31, 2017
|
$
|
290,200
|
|
Changes in fair value included in earnings for the period relating to liabilities at March 31, 2017
|
$
|
11,831
|
|
There were no transfers of financial assets or liabilities between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the
three months ended March 31, 2018
and
2017
.
Other Fair Value Considerations -
Carrying value of certificate of deposits, prepaid expenses and other assets, receivable for maturity of life settlements, investment in affiliates,
8.5%
Senior Secured Notes,
8.5%
Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes,
5.0%
Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities and/or low credit risk.
(
16
)
Segment Information
On October 25, 2013, the Company sold its structured settlement business, which was previously reported as an operating segment. The operating results related to the Company’s structured settlement business have been included in discontinued operations in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations for all periods presented and the Company has discontinued segment reporting. See Note
7
"Discontinued Operations" to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. Management views its current operations as
one
segment.
(
17
)
Commitments and Contingencies
Lease Agreements
The Company leases office space under a lease that commenced on October 1, 2014. The lease expires on
September 30, 2020
. The annual base rent is
$246,000
, with a provision for a
3%
increase on each anniversary of the rent commencement date. Rent expense was approximately
$114,000
and
$106,000
for the
three months ended March 31, 2018
and
2017
, respectively.
Employment Agreements
The Company has entered into employment agreements with certain of its officers, including with its chief financial officer, whose agreement provides for payments in the event that the executive terminates her employment with the Company due to a material change in the geographic location where the chief financial officer performs her duties or upon a material diminution of her base salary or responsibilities, with or without cause. These (the "2018 Martinez Agreement"). If the Company terminates Ms. Martinez’s employment without cause or she resigns with Good Reason (as defined in the 2018 Martinez Agreement), she will be entitled to receive her base salary or
$352,229
, whichever is greater, through the
twelve
(12) months following such termination (the "Martinez Severance Period") as well as any bonus earned but not yet paid. If Ms. Martinez resigns for good reason, she will also be entitled to have the Company continue to pay its portion of healthcare premiums for plans in which she is participating immediately prior to the termination through the Martinez Severance
Period. If such termination or resignation occurs within
two
years after a change in control (as defined in the 2018 Martinez Agreement), then in lieu of receiving her base salary, Ms. Martinez would be entitled to receive (i) accrued vacation days, (ii) a lump sum payments are equal to
one
times the sum of
two
times her then chief financial officer’s base salary., (iii) a portion of her bonus prorated through the termination date that would be due to her when bonus payments are otherwise made for the year
in which the termination occurs, (iv) any unpaid portion of a bonus for the year preceding the termination, and (v) reimbursement of COBRA healthcare costs through the Martinez Severance Period.
The Company does not have any general policies regarding the use of employment agreements, but has and may, from time to time, enter into such a written agreement to reflect the terms and conditions of employment of a particular named executive officer, whether at the time of hire or thereafter.
Litigation
In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, the Company establishes an accrued liability for litigation and regulatory matters when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. In such cases, there may be an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts accrued. When a loss contingency is not both probable and estimable, the Company does not establish an accrued liability. As a litigation or regulatory matter develops, the Company, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter, evaluates on an ongoing basis whether such matter presents a loss contingency that is probable and estimable. If, at the time of evaluation, the loss contingency related to a litigation or regulatory matter is not both probable and estimable, the matter will continue to be monitored for further developments that would make such loss contingency both probable and estimable. When a loss contingency related to a litigation or regulatory matter is deemed to be both probable and estimable, the Company will establish an accrued liability with respect to such loss contingency and record a corresponding amount of litigation-related expense. The Company will then continue to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the amount of any such accrued liability.
Sun Life
On April 18, 2013, Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada ("Sun Life") filed a complaint against the Company and several of its affiliates in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, entitled
Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada v. Imperial Holdings, Inc., et al
. ("
Sun Life Case
"), asserting, among other things, that at least
28
life insurance policies issued by Sun Life and owned by the Company through certain of its subsidiary companies were invalid. The Sun Life complaint, as amended, asserted the following claims: (1) violations of the federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations ("RICO") Act, (2) conspiracy to violate the RICO Act, (3) common law fraud, (4) aiding and abetting fraud, (5) civil conspiracy to commit fraud, (6) tortious interference with contractual obligations, and (7) a declaration that the policies issued were void. Following the filing of a motion by the Company to dismiss the Sun Life Case, on December 9, 2014, counts (2), (4), (5), (6) and (7) of the Sun Life Case were dismissed with prejudice. The Company then filed a motion for summary judgment on the remaining counts. On February 4, 2015, the Court issued an order (the "Order") granting the Company’s motion for summary judgment on counts (1) and (3), resulting in the Company prevailing on all counts in the Sun Life Case.
On July 29, 2013, the Company filed a separate complaint against Sun Life in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, captioned
Imperial Premium Finance, LLC v. Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada
("Imperial Case"), which was subsequently consolidated with the Sun Life Case. The Imperial Case asserted claims against Sun Life for breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and fraud, and sought a judgment declaring that Sun Life is obligated to comply with the promises made by it in certain insurance policies. The Imperial complaint also sought compensatory damages amounting to at least
$30.0 million
and an award of punitive damages. On August 23, 2013, Sun Life moved to dismiss the complaint, but the Court denied Sun Life’s motion in early 2015. Subsequently, on February 26, 2015, Sun Life appealed the denial to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. The Company moved to dismiss Sun Life’s appeal and, on December 17, 2015, the Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the Company, dismissing Sun Life’s appeal. The Imperial Case therefore returned to the District Court.
On September 22, 2016, however, the District Court granted summary judgment in favor of Sun Life on the entirety of the Imperial Case. Subsequently, on January 12, 2017, the Company appealed the District Court’s decision, and on January 24, 2017, Sun Life filed its own notice of appeal. As part of these
two
appeals, the Court of Appeals will review every dispositive order issued by the District Court throughout the consolidated case. Per the Court of Appeals, oral argument will be scheduled in the near future.
In January 2018, oral argument was held in the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals and the decision is pending.
Other Litigation
Other litigation is defined as smaller claims or litigations that are neither individually nor collectively material. It does not include lawsuits that relate to collections.
The Company is party to various other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, separate from normal course accounts receivable collections matters. Due to the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these litigations and other legal proceedings, the Company cannot predict the eventual outcome of these matters, and it is reasonably possible that some of them could be resolved unfavorably to the Company. As a result, it is possible that the Company’s results of operations or cash flows in a particular fiscal period could be materially affected by an unfavorable resolution of pending litigation or contingencies. However, the Company believes that the resolution of these other proceedings will not, based on information currently available, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
(
18
)
Stockholders’ Equity
The Company has reserved an aggregate of
12,600,000
shares of common stock under its Omnibus Plan, pursuant to which, as of
March 31, 2018
, options to purchase
239,000
shares of common stock granted to existing employees were outstanding,
233,215
shares of restricted stock had been granted to directors and
2,174,000
shares of restricted stock units had been granted to certain employees, with a total of
2,182,522
shares subject to vesting. There were
9,953,785
securities remaining for future issuance under the Omnibus Plan as of
March 31, 2018
.
On September 1, 2015, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized a
$10.0 million
share and note repurchase program. The program had a
two
-year expiration date, and authorized the Company to repurchase up to
$10.0 million
of its common stock and/or its Convertible Notes due 2019. During 2015, the Company purchased
608,000
shares for a total cost of approximately
$2.5 million
, which is an average cost of
$4.17
per share, including transaction fees. There were
no
purchases during three months ended March 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2017, the repurchase program has terminated.
Warrants
On February 11, 2011,
three
shareholders received warrants that may be exercised for up to a total of
4,240,521
shares of the Company’s common stock at a weighted average exercise price of
$14.51
per share. The warrants expired
seven
years after the date of issuance during the
three months
ended
March 31, 2018
.
In connection with a settlement of class action litigation arising in connection with the investigation by the U.S. Attorney's Office for District of New Hampshire ("USAO") into the Company's now legacy premium finance business (the "USAO Investigation"), the Company issued warrants to purchase
2,000,000
shares of the Company’s stock into an escrow account in April of 2014. The estimated fair value as of the measurement date of such warrants was
$5.4 million
, which is included in stockholders’ equity. The warrants were distributed in October 2014 and have a
five
-year term from the date they were distributed to the class participants with an exercise price of
$10.75
. The Company is obligated to file a registration statement to register the shares underlying the warrants with the SEC if shares of the Company’s common stock have an average daily trading closing price of at least
$8.50
per share for a
45
day period. The warrants will be exercisable upon effectiveness of the registration statement.
On July 28, 2017, in connection with the recapitalization transaction, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants to certain investors to purchase up to an aggregate of
42,500,000
shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of
$0.20
per share (the "Warrant Shares"). The warrants shall vest and become exercisable as follows: (i) with respect to
17,500,000
Warrant Shares, immediately upon the issuance of the warrants, and (ii) with respect to the remaining
25,000,000
Warrant Shares, at later times tied to the conversion of the Company’s Convertible Notes and New Convertible Notes (each as defined below) outstanding on July 28, 2017 into shares of the Company’s common stock or, if earlier, upon the date that all Convertible Notes or New Convertible Notes are no longer outstanding. The warrants have an
eight
year term. The Warrant are subject to anti-dilution adjustment provisions.
Recapitalization Transactions
On July 28, 2017, the Company consummated a series of integrated transactions to effect a recapitalization of the Company (the "Transaction Closing") pursuant to the Master Transaction Agreements.
Common Stock Purchase Agreement
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Stock Purchase Agreement") by and among the Company, PJC, certain investors jointly designated by PJC and Triax Capital Advisors LLC, a New York limited liability company ("Triax"), to be party to the Stock Purchase Agreement (collectively, the "Common Stock Investors"), and certain Convertible Note Holders that were a party to the Stock Purchase Agreement (collectively, the "Convertible Note Holder Purchasers," and together with PJC and the Common Stock Investors, the "Purchasers"). Pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company issued and sold to the Purchasers
115,000,000
shares (the "Stock Purchase Agreement Shares") of the Company’s Common Stock at a price of
$0.20
per share for an aggregate purchase price of
$23.0 million
, of which PJC and the Common Stock Investors purchased
75,000,000
Stock Purchase Agreement Shares for an aggregate purchase price of
$15.0 million
and the Convertible Note Holder Purchasers, pursuant to the previously announced rights offering which expired on July 26, 2017, purchased
40,000,000
Stock Purchase Agreement Shares for an aggregate purchase price of
$8.0 million
, of which PJC purchased
19,320,038
shares in connection with the exercise of rights assigned to it by certain Convertible Note Holder Purchasers. The Stock Purchase Agreement contained customary representations, warranties, and covenants.
In August 2017, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Securities Purchase Agreement") by and between the Company and Brennan Opportunities Fund I LP ("Brennan"). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, Brennan purchased from the Company (i)
12,500,000
shares (the "Brennan Shares") of Common Stock at a price of
$0.40
per share for an aggregate purchase price of
$5.0 million
.
Articles Amendment
Effective on July 17, 2017, the Company filed an Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (the "Articles Amendment") to increase the authorized Common Stock from
80,000,000
shares to
415,000,000
shares. As previously disclosed, the Articles Amendment was approved by the Company’s shareholders at the Company’s 2017 Annual Meeting. The adoption of the Articles Amendment results in a greater number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance.
Change in Significant Holders
As a result of the consummation of the Master Transaction Agreements, on the date of the Transaction Closing, a change in significant holders of the Company's common stock occurred. PJC and Triax, together with certain of their affiliates, acquired beneficial ownership of approximately
38.9%
of the outstanding Common Stock, based on their aggregate acquisition of
39,320,038
shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase
27,150,000
shares of Common Stock. Other investors designated by PJC and Triax acquired beneficial ownership of approximately
43.6%
of the outstanding Common Stock, based on their aggregate acquisition of
55,000,000
shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase
13,350,000
shares of Common Stock. Additionally, pursuant to the Board Designation Agreements, PJC and Triax designated two of
seven
directors to the Company’s Board, two other investors designated a third new director and a fourth new director, and a fifth new director was designated by a holder of New Convertible Notes, collectively resulting in a change in the majority of the Company’s Board.
(
19
)
Income Taxes
The Company’s provision for income taxes from continuing operations is estimated to result in an annual effective tax rate of
0%
for the
three months ended March 31, 2018
and
2017
, respectively. The analysis for the current period took into consideration various provisions within the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act enacted on
December 22, 2017
that are expected to impact the Company, including the Company’s recent accounting policy election to treat the tax effect of income generated from the Company’s Ireland subsidiary as a period cost. The Company’s quarterly effective income tax rates are based upon the Company’s annual estimated tax rate. The Company’s annual estimated tax rate varies based upon the Company’s expected annual federal taxable earnings, as well as on a mix of taxable earnings in the various state and foreign jurisdictions.
Based on the Company's evaluation, a deferred tax valuation allowance was established against its net deferred tax assets. In its evaluation, management considers taxable loss carryback availability, expectations of sufficient future taxable income, trends in earnings, existence of taxable income in recent years, the future reversal of temporary differences, and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented, if required. Valuation allowances are established based on the consideration of all available evidence using a more likely than not standard. This valuation allowance was determined to be necessary as an offset to the full
amount of the federal and state deferred tax asset. During the
three months ended March 31, 2018
, the Company does not expect that position to change and therefore is not recording any income tax benefit.
Due to the complexities inherent in the tax law changes, the SEC released Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 118 on
December 22, 2017
, to address the application of ASC 740 where a company does not have the requisite information available, prepared or analyzed in reasonable detail to properly account for items under the TCJA. The SAB has provided that where a company can make a reasonable estimate, it should record that estimate and make appropriate disclosures with updates during a measurement period of no more than a year from enactment. The Company made its best estimate with respect to the estimated Transition Tax charge as of
December 31, 2017
and as of
March 31, 2018
based on guidance available as of the date of the filing. Upon gathering all necessary data, interpreting any additional guidance from tax authorities, and completing the analysis, our provisional amount may be adjusted in the measurement period allowable in accordance with SAB No. 118 and such adjustment could be material. As of the period ended
March 31, 2018
, the Company is examining the potential tax implications that Section 264(a)(4) may have under the new GILTI tax regime. Section 264(a)(4) limits for federal income tax purposes, the current deductibility of interest paid or accrued on debt obligations used to support the purchase or ownership of life insurance policies. As a result, the Company is exploring different tax planning strategies to mitigate the unfavorable tax impact that may result. Management will continue to evaluate this during the measurement period provided for by SAB No. 118 and adjust if necessary.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory ("ASU 2016-16"). Current GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. This prohibition on recognition is an exception to the principle of comprehensive recognition of current and deferred income taxes in GAAP. The Board decided that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Consequently, the amendments in this update eliminate the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. For public business entities, the amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2017
. The Company adopted this standard in the current reporting period which resulted in the elimination of a deferred income tax charge of
$17.6 million
, gross related to prior year sales of life settlement policies to its Ireland subsidiaries. The adoption resulted in a reduction of the valuation allowance and had no impact on earnings.
The Company and its subsidiary companies are subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as to income tax in Florida and other states and foreign jurisdictions in which it operates.
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Subsequent Events
Commitment Letters
On
May 9, 2018
, the Company received commitment letters from Evermore Global Advisors, LLC and River City Capital, LLC, entities affiliated with certain members of the board of directors, for an aggregate investment of
$5.0 million
under certain circumstances through
May 15, 2019
. In addition, PJC Investments, LLC, an entity affiliated with our CEO that has previously provided such a letter with respect to
$2.0 million
, provided a new letter committing for the same amount through
May 15, 2019
.