As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2012
1933 Act Registration No. 33-72424
1940 Act Registration No. 811-8194
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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x
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Pre-Effective Amendment No.
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Post-Effective Amendment No. 93
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x
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and/or
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
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x
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Amendment No. 94
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x
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(Check appropriate box or boxes.)
FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in
Charter)
1290 Broadway, Suite 1100
Denver, CO 80203
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code:
(303) 623-2577
JoEllen L. Legg, Esq., Secretary
Financial Investors Trust
1290 Broadway, Suite 1100
Denver, CO 80203
(Name and Address of Agent of Service)
Copy to:
Peter H. Schwartz, Esq.
Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP
1550 17
th
Street, Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering:
As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Amendment
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
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x
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immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
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on (date), pursuant to paragraph (b)
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60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a) (1)
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on (date), pursuant to paragraph (a) (1)
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75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a) (2)
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on (date), pursuant to paragraph (a) (2)
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If appropriate, check the following box:
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This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND (THE FUND)
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The
Fund seeks long-term growth through capital appreciation. Income is a secondary objective.
FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for certain sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the
future, at least $50,000 in the Fund. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial professional, in the section BUYING, EXCHANGING AND REDEEMING SHARES at page 18 of the Prospectus and the section
PURCHASE, EXCHANGE & REDEMPTION OF SHARES at page 31 of the Funds statement of additional information.
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Class A
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Class C
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Institutional
Class
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Investor
Class
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Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your
investment)
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Maximum sales charge (load) on purchases (as a
percentage of offering price)
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4.75%
(1)
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None
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None
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None
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Maximum deferred sales charge (as a percentage
of the lower of original purchase price or redemption proceeds)
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0.00%
(1)
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1.00%
(2)
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None
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None
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Redemption Fee
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0.00%
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0.00%
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0.00%
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0.00%
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Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a
percentage of the value of your investment)
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Management Fees
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1.00%
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1.00%
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1.00%
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1.00%
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Distribution and Service (12b-1)
Fees
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0.35%
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0.75%
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N/A
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0.25%
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Other Expenses
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Other Fund
Expenses
(3)
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0.72%
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0.72%
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0.72%
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0.72%
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Shareholder Services Fees
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0.00%
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0.25%
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0.05%
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0.15%
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Total Annual Fund Operating
Expenses
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2.07%
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2.72%
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1.77%
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2.12%
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Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement
(4)
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-0.23%
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-0.23%
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-0.23%
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-0.23%
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee
Waiver/
Expense
Reimbursement
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1.84%
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2.49%
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1.54%
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1.89%
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(1)
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If you invest $1 million or more, either as a lump sum or through the Funds accumulation or letter of intent programs, you can purchase Class A shares without an initial sales charge
(load).
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(2)
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A Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (CDSC) of 1.00% may apply to Class C shares redeemed within the first 12 months after a purchase.
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(3)
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Estimated amounts based on the current fiscal year.
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(4)
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Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (Emerald or the Adviser) has agreed contractually to waive a portion of its fees and reimburse other expenses until August 31, 2014 in
amounts necessary to limit the Funds operating expenses (exclusive of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expenses, taxes and extraordinary expense) for Class A, Class C, Institutional Class, and Investor Class
shares to an annual rate (as percentage of the Funds average daily net assets) of 1.84%, 2.49%, 1.54% and 1.89% respectively. The Adviser will be permitted to recover, on a class-by-class basis, expenses
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it has borne through the agreement described above to the extent that the Funds expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the relevant agreement. The Fund will
not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the year(s) in which the fees and expense were incurred. The Adviser may not discontinue this waiver, prior to August 31, 2014, without the approval by the
Funds Board of Trustees.
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Example
This example is intended to help you compare the costs of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods
indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Funds operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher
or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
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Number of Years You Own
Your Shares
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1 YEAR
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3 YEARS
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5 YEARS
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10 YEARS
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Class A Shares
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$653
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$1,049
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$1,494
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$2,722
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Class C Shares
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$352
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$799
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$1,397
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$3,102
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Institutional Class Shares
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$157
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$511
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$915
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$2,042
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Investor Class Shares
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$192
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$618
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$1,095
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$2,411
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You would pay the following expenses if you did not redeem your
shares:
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Class A Shares
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$653
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$1,049
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$1,494
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$2,722
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Class C Shares
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$252
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$799
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$1,397
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$3,012
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Institutional Class Shares
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$157
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$511
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$915
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$2,042
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Investor Class Shares
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$192
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$618
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$1,095
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$2,411
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If you sell (redeem) your Class C shares within 12 months of purchase, you will have to pay a contingent deferred
sales charge (CDSC) of 1.00% which is applied to the NAV of the shares on the date of original purchase or on the date of redemption, whichever is less. For example, if you purchased $10,000 worth of shares, which due to market
fluctuation have appreciated to $15,000, the CDSC will be assessed on your $10,000 purchase. If that same $10,000 purchase has depreciated to $5,000, the CDSC will be assessed on the $5,000 value.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The Fund pays
transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in
higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. The Fund was organized as a successor to the Forward Banking
and Finance Fund, which had a portfolio turnover rate of 27% for the year ended December 31, 2011.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF THE FUND
The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund has adopted an investment policy that it will, under normal conditions, invest at least 80% of
the value of its assets (net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in stocks (both common and preferred) of companies principally engaged in the banking or financial services industries. This requirement is applied at the
time the Fund
2
EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND
invests its assets. The Emerald Banking and Finance Funds policy to invest at least 80% of its assets in such a manner is non-fundamental, which means that it may be changed without
shareholder approval.
The Fund will usually emphasize small or medium market capitalization companies: those with a market
capitalization of less than $1.5 billion. In addition, the Fund will invest not less than 25% of its net assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the banking industry and not less than 25% of its net assets in securities of companies
principally engaged in the financial services industry. A company is defined as principally engaged in the banking or financial services industries if: (a) a majority of the revenues or earnings were derived from the creation or
sale of banking or financial services products; or (b) a majority of the assets were devoted to such activities, based on the companys most recent fiscal year.
Companies in the banking industry are defined to include U.S. commercial and industrial banking and savings institutions and their parent holding companies. Companies in the financial services industry are defined
to include commercial and industrial finance companies, diversified financial services companies, investment banking, securities brokerage and investment advisory companies, real estate investment trusts, insurance and insurance holding companies,
and leasing companies.
Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (Emerald or the Adviser) utilizes a growth approach
to choosing securities based upon fundamental research which attempts to identify companies whose earnings growth rate exceeds that of their peer group, exhibit a competitive advantage in niche markets, or do not receive significant coverage from
other institutional investors.
PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND
Any of the investments made by the Fund can result in an investment loss, which may be significant. The principal risks of investing in the Fund, which could adversely affect its net asset value and total return,
are:
Concentration in Banking- and Financial
Services-Related Investments:
The banking and financial
services industries are comparatively narrow segments of the economy. The Fund concentrates its investments in such issuers to the extent permitted by applicable regulatory guidance. Entities in these industries may be subject to additional risks
such as increased competition within the sector or changes in legislation or government regulations. In addition, entities in these industries are particularly vulnerable to certain factors affecting the industries as a whole, such as the
availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. There is a risk that those issuers (or the sector) will perform poorly and negatively impact the Fund.
Concentration risk results from maintaining exposure (long or short) to issuers conducting business in a specific industry. The risk of concentrating investments in a limited number of issuers in a particular industry is that the Fund will be more
susceptible to the risks associated with that industry than a fund that does not concentrate its investments.
Equity
Securities:
The risks associated with investing in equity securities of companies include the financial risk of selecting individual companies that do not perform as anticipated, the risk that the stock markets in which the Fund
invests may experience periods of turbulence and instability, and the general risk that domestic and global economies may go through periods of decline and cyclical change.
Liquidity Risk:
Liquidity risk is financial risk due to uncertain liquidity. An institution might lose liquidity if its credit rating
falls, it experiences sudden unexpected cash outflows, or some other event causes counterparties to avoid trading with or lending to the institution. A firm is also exposed to liquidity risk if markets on which it depends are subject to loss of
liquidity. Derivative based securities and privately issued mortgage-related securities and other asset-backed securities, which do not have a government or government-sponsored guarantee, that are subject to substantial market and credit risk may
have greater liquidity risk. Less liquid securities may trade infrequently, trade at a smaller volume, and be quite volatile. This means that they may be harder to purchase or sell at a fair price or quickly enough to prevent or minimize loss.
Real Estate Securities and REITs:
Real estate investment trusts or REITs are issuers that invest in interests
in real estate, including mortgages. Investing in REITs may subject the Fund to risks similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate, including fluctuations in the value of underlying properties and defaults by borrowers or
tenants. REITs may not be diversified and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency and self-liquidation. REITs are also subject to the possibilities of failing to qualify for tax-free pass through of income under the Code, and failing to maintain
their exemptions from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). REITs may have limited financial resources, trade less frequently and in a limited volume, and be subject to more abrupt or erratic
price movements than more widely held securities.
Restricted and Illiquid Securities:
Certain securities generally trade
in lower volume and may be less liquid than securities of large established companies. These less liquid securities could include securities of small- and mid-sized non-U.S. companies, high-yield securities, convertible securities, unrated debt and
convertible securities, securities that originate from small offerings, and foreign securities, particularly those from companies in emerging markets. If a security is illiquid, the Fund may not be able to sell the security at a time and/or price at
which the Adviser might wish to sell, which means that the Fund could lose money. In addition, the security could have the effect of decreasing the overall level of the Funds liquidity.
Securities Issued By Other Investment Companies:
The Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies, including, but not
limited to, other mutual funds, money market funds, ETFs, HOLDRs, unit investment trusts, and closed-end funds, to gain exposure to a particular portion of the market rather than purchase securities directly. Investing in another investment company
exposes the Fund to all the risks of that investment company, and, in general, subjects it to a pro rata portion of the other investment companys fees and expenses.
Small and Medium Capitalization Stocks:
Investment in securities of smaller companies presents greater investment risks than investing in the securities of larger companies. These risks include
greater price volatility, greater sensitivity to changing economic conditions, and less liquidity than the securities of larger, more mature companies.
Managed Portfolio Risk:
The Advisers investment strategies or choice of specific
securities may be unsuccessful and may cause the Fund to incur losses.
Please see What are the Principal and Non-Principal Risks
of Investing in Each Fund? for a more detailed description of the risks of investing in the Fund. It is possible to lose money on an investment in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed
by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
The following information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing how the Funds performance has varied over
time. The Fund was organized as a successor to the Forward Banking and Finance Fund (the Predecessor Fund), a series of the Forward Funds. Emerald, the Funds adviser, served as the sub-adviser to the Predecessor Fund, which had an
identical investment objective and substantially similar investment strategies as the Fund. The performance shown for periods prior to March 15, 2012 reflects the performance of the Predecessor Funds Class A and Class C shares.
Returns of the Institutional Class shares of the Predecessor Fund are not presented because Institutional Class shares were not offered during the periods shown.
The bar chart shows the performance of the Predecessor Funds Class A shares, which excludes the maximum sales load applicable to such Class A shares. If sales loads were included, the returns would
be lower. The table compares the Predecessor Funds average annual returns for the periods indicated to broad-based securities market indices. The Funds past performance does not necessarily indicate how it will perform in the future.
Updated performance information is available on the Funds website at www.emeraldmutualfunds.com or by calling 1-855-828-9909.
Calendar Year
Annual Returns Class A
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Best Quarter September 30, 2008
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22.64
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%
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Worst Quarter March 31, 2009
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-19.75
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%
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Average Annual Total Returns
(for the period ended December 31, 2011)
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1 Year
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5 Years
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10 Years
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Since
Inception
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Class A (Inception Date of 02/18/97)
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Returns Before Taxes
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-10.08%
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-10.37%
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2.72%
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5.31%
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Returns After Taxes on Distributions*
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-10.08%
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-10.79%
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2.16%
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4.72%
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Returns After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares*
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-6.55%
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-8.42%
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2.44%
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4.63%
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Russell 2000 Index**
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-4.18%
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0.15%
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5.62%
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6.15%
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Class C (Inception Date of 07/01/00)
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Returns Before Taxes
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-6.08%
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-9.90%
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2.69%
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5.35%
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Russell 2000 Index
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-4.18%
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0.15%
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5.62%
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4.54%
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Investor Class (Inception Date of 03/16/10)
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Returns Before Taxes
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-4.23%
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N/A
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N/A
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-1.32%
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Russell 2000 Index
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-4.18%
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0.15%
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5.62%
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6.31%
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*
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After-tax returns are calculated by using the highest historical individual U.S. federal marginal
income tax rates (i.e., maximum rates) and do not include state or local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investors tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to in- vestors who hold Fund
shares in tax-deferred accounts (i.e., retirement plans or Individual Retirement Accounts).
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**
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The Russell 2000 Index measures the performance of the small-cap segment of the U.S. equity
universe. The Russell 2000 is a subset of the Russell 3000
®
Index representing approximately 10% of the
total market capitalization of that index. It includes approximately 2000 of the smallest securities based on a combination of their market cap and current index membership.
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***
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Returns of the Institutional Class are not presented because Institutional Class shares were not
offered during the periods shown.
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INVESTMENT ADVISER
Emerald is the investment adviser to the Fund.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Kenneth G. Mertz II, CFA, and Steven E. Russell, Esq. are responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds portfolio and make the final
investment decisions for the Fund. Mr. Mertz is President of Emerald. Mr. Russell is an Assistant Vice President of Emerald Advisers and an Assistant Vice President of Emerald, and an assistant Portfolio Manager of the Fund. Mr. Mertz
and Mr. Russell have both managed the Fund from its inception. Mr. Mertz had managed the Predecessor Fund since its inception.
PURCHASE AND
SALE OF FUND SHARES
The minimum initial investment in Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares is $2,000 for non-qualified
accounts and $1,000 for qualified accounts. The minimum initial investment in Institutional Class shares is $100,000. The minimum subsequent investment is $100 for Class A, Class C and Investor Class
EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND
shares. There is no minimum subsequent investment for Institutional Class shares. Investors generally
may meet the minimum investment amount by aggregating multiple accounts within the Fund.
Purchases, exchanges and redemptions may be
made directly or through institutional channels, such as financial intermediaries and retirement platforms. You should contact your financial intermediary or refer to your plan documents for information on how to invest in the Fund. Investor Class
shareholders should call 1-855-828-9909 for more information on how to invest.
TAX INFORMATION
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Funds distributions are taxable and will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you
are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred arrangements may be subject to U.S. federal income tax upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These
payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys Web site for more
information.
EMERALD GROWTH FUND (THE FUND)
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The
Fund seeks long-term growth through capital appreciation.
FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for certain sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the
future, at least $100,000 in the Fund. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial professional, in the section BUYING, EXCHANGING AND REDEEMING SHARES at page 18 of the Prospectus and the section
PURCHASE, EXCHANGE & REDEMPTION OF SHARES at page 31 of the Funds statement of additional information.
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Class A
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Class C
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Institutional
Class
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Investor
Class
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Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment)
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Maximum sales
charge (load) on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)
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4.75%
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None
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None
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None
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Maximum deferred
sales charge (as a percentage of the lower of original purchase price or redemption proceeds)
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None
(1)
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1.00
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%
(2)
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None
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None
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Redemption
Fee
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0.00%
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0.00
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%
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0.00%
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0.00%
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Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
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Management
Fees
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0.75%
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0.75
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%
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0.75%
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0.75%
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Distribution and
Service (12b-1) Fees
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0.35%
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0.75
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%
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N/A
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0.25%
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Other Expenses
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Other Fund
Expenses
(3)
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0.33%
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0.33
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%
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0.33%
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0.33%
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Shareholder Services Fees
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0.00%
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0.25
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%
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0.05%
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0.15%
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Total
Annual
Fund Operating Expenses
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1.43%
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2.08
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%
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1.13%
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1.48%
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Fee Waiver and
Expense Reimbursement
(4)
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-0.14%
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-0.14
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%
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-0.14%
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-0.14%
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Total Annual Fund
Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver/
Expense Reimbursement
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1.29%
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1.94
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%
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0.99%
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1.34%
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(1)
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If you invest $1 million or more, either as a lump sum or through the Funds accumulation or letter of intent programs, you can purchase Class A shares without an initial sales charge
(load.
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(2)
|
A Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (CDSC) of 1.00% may apply to Class C shares
redeemed within the first 12 months after a purchase.
|
(3)
|
Estimated amounts based on the current fiscal year.
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(4)
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Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (Emerald or the Adviser) has agreed
contractually to waive a portion of its fees and reimburse other expenses until August 31, 2013 in amounts necessary to limit the Funds operating expenses (exclusive of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest
expenses, taxes and extraordinary expense) for Class A, Class C, Institutional Class, and Investor Class shares to an annual rate (as percentage of the Funds average daily net assets) of 1.29%, 1.94%, 0.99% and 1.34% respectively. The
Adviser will be permitted to recover, on a class-by-class basis, expenses it has borne through the agreement described above to the extent that the
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Funds expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the relevant
agreement. The Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the year(s) in which the fees and expense were incurred. The Adviser may not discontinue this waiver, prior to August 31, 2013,
without the approval by the Funds Board of Trustees.
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Example
This example is intended to help you compare the costs of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example
assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Funds operating
expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
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Number of Years You
Own
Your Shares
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1 Year
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3 Years
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5 Years
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10 Years
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Class A
Shares
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$600
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$893
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$1,206
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$2,093
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Class C
Shares
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$297
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$638
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$1,105
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$2,396
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Institutional
Class Shares
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$101
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$345
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$608
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$1,361
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Investor Class
Shares
|
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$136
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$454
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$794
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$1,754
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You would pay the following expenses if you did not
redeem your shares:
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Class A
Shares
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$600
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$893
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|
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$1,206
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$2,093
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Class C
Shares
|
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$197
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|
|
|
$638
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|
|
|
$1,105
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|
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$2,396
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Institutional
Class Shares
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$101
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|
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$345
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|
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|
$608
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|
|
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$1,361
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Investor Class
Shares
|
|
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$136
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|
|
|
$454
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|
|
|
$794
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|
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$1,754
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If you sell (redeem) your Class C shares within 12 months of purchase, you will have to pay a contingent deferred
sales charge (CDSC) of 1.00% which is applied to the NAV of the shares on the date of original purchase or on the date of redemption, whichever is less. For example, if you purchased $10,000 worth of shares, which due to market
fluctuation have appreciated to $15,000, the CDSC will be assessed on your $10,000 purchase. If that same $10,000 purchase has depreciated to $5,000, the CDSC will be assessed on the $5,000 value.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The Fund pays
transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in
higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. The Fund was organized as a successor to the Forward Growth
Fund, which had a portfolio turnover rate of 75% for the year ended December 31, 2011.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF THE FUND
Under normal conditions, the Fund typically invests in equity securities, including common stocks, preferred stocks, and securities
convertible into common or preferred stocks.
EMERALD GROWTH FUND
The Fund utilizes a fundamental approach to choosing securities: the research staff of Emerald Mutual
Fund Advisers Trust (Emerald or the Adviser), conducts company-specific research analysis to identify companies whose earnings growth rate exceeds that of their peer group. Companies with perceived leadership positions and
competitive advantages in niche markets that do not receive significant coverage from other institutional investors are favored.
The
Fund can invest in companies from a wide range of industries and of various sizes. This includes smaller companies, which are defined by the Adviser as those having a market capitalization equal to or less than that of the largest companies in the
Russell 2000 Index.
PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND
Any of the investments made by the Fund can result in an investment loss, which may be significant. The principal risks of investing in the Fund, which could adversely affect its net asset value and total return,
are:
Equity Securities:
The risks associated with investing in equity securities of companies include the financial risk
of selecting individual companies that do not perform as anticipated, the risk that the stock markets in which the Fund invests may experience periods of turbulence and instability, and the general risk that domestic and global economies may go
through periods of decline and cyclical change.
Portfolio Turnover:
The Fund is generally expected to engage in frequent
and active trading of portfolio securities to achieve its investment objective. A higher turnover rate (100% or more) will involve correspondingly greater transaction costs, which will be borne directly by the Fund, may have an adverse impact on
performance, and may increase the potential for more taxable distributions being paid to shareholders, including short-term capital gains that are taxed at ordinary income rates. To the extent a Fund engages in short sales (which are not included in
calculating the portfolio turnover rate), the transaction costs incurred by a Fund are likely to be greater than the transaction costs incurred by a mutual fund that does not take short positions and has a similar portfolio turnover rate.
Liquidity Risk:
Liquidity risk is financial risk due to uncertain liquidity. An institution might lose liquidity if its
credit rating falls, it experiences sudden unexpected cash outflows, or some other event causes counterparties to avoid trading with or lending to the institution. A firm is also exposed to liquidity risk if markets on which it depends are subject
to loss of liquidity. Derivative based securities and privately issued mortgage-related securities and other asset-backed securities, which do not have a government or government-sponsored guarantee, that are subject to substantial market and credit
risk may have greater liquidity risk. Less liquid securities may trade infrequently, trade at a smaller volume, and be quite volatile. This means that they may be harder to purchase or sell at a fair price or quickly enough to prevent or minimize
loss.
Real Estate Securities and REITs:
Real estate investment trusts or REITs are issuers that invest in
interests in real estate, including mortgages. Investing in REITs may subject the Fund to risks similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate, including fluctuations in the value of underlying properties and defaults by
borrowers or tenants. REITs may not be diversified and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency and self-liquidation. REITs are also
subject to the possibilities of failing to qualify for tax-free pass through of income under the Code, and failing to maintain their exemptions from registration under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). REITs may have limited financial resources, trade less frequently and in a limited volume, and be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than more widely held securities.
Restricted and Illiquid Securities:
Certain securities generally trade in lower volume and may be less liquid than securities of
large established companies. These less liquid securities could include securities of small- and mid-sized non-U.S. companies, high-yield securities, convertible securities, unrated debt and convertible securities, securities that originate from
small offerings, and foreign securities, particularly those from companies in emerging markets. If a security is illiquid, the Fund may not be able to sell the security at a time and/or price at which the Adviser might wish to sell, which means that
the Fund could lose money. In addition, the security could have the effect of decreasing the overall level of the Funds liquidity.
Securities Issued By Other Investment Companies:
The Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies, including, but not
limited to, other mutual funds, money market funds, ETFs, HOLDRs, unit investment trusts, and closed-end funds, to gain exposure to a particular portion of the market rather than purchase securities directly. Investing in another investment company
exposes the Fund to all the risks of that investment company, and, in general, subjects it to a pro rata portion of the other investment companys fees and expenses.
Small and Medium Capitalization Stocks:
Investment in securities of smaller companies presents greater investment risks than investing in the securities of larger companies. These risks include
greater price volatility, greater sensitivity to changing economic conditions, and less liquidity than the securities of larger, more mature companies.
Managed Portfolio Risk:
The Advisers investment strategies or choice of specific securities may be unsuccessful and may cause the Fund to incur losses.
Please see What are the Principal and Non-Principal Risks of Investing in Each Fund? for a more detailed description of the risks of
investing in the Fund. It is possible to lose money on an investment in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
The
following information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing how the Funds performance has varied over time. The Fund was organized as a successor to the Forward Growth Fund (the Predecessor
Fund), a series of the Forward Funds. Emerald, the Funds adviser, served as the sub-adviser to the Predecessor Fund, which had an identical investment objective and substantially similar investment strategies as the Fund. The performance
shown for periods prior to March 15, 2012 reflects the performance of the Predecessor Funds Class A, Class C and Institutional Class shares. Returns for Investor Class shares are not presented because Investor Class shares were not
offered during the periods shown.
The bar chart shows the performance of the Predecessor Funds Class A shares, which
excludes the maximum sales load applicable to such Class A shares. If sales loads were included, the returns would be lower. The table compares the Predecessor Funds average annual returns for the periods indicated to broad-based
securities market indices. The Funds past performance does not necessarily indicate how it will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the Funds website at www.emeraldmutualfunds.com or by calling
1-855-828-9909.
Calendar Year Annual Returns Class A
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Best Quarter June 30, 2003
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23.46
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%
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Worst Quarter December 31, 2008
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|
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-25.77
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%
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Average Annual Total Returns
(for the period ended December 31, 2011)
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1 Year
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5 Years
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10 Years
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Since
Inception
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Class A (Inception Date of
10/01/92)
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Returns Before
Taxes
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-7.15%
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0.29%
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3.47%
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9.43%
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Returns After
Taxes on Distributions*
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-7.15%
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-0.04%
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3.04%
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8.31%
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Returns After
Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares*
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-4.65%
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0.23%
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2.97%
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8.02%
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Russell 2000
Growth Index**
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-2.91%
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|
2.09%
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|
4.48%
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|
6.51%
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Class C (Inception Date of 07/01/00)
|
Returns Before
Taxes
|
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-3.13%
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0.83%
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|
3.46%
|
|
1.61%
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Russell 2000
Growth Index
|
|
-2.91%
|
|
2.09%
|
|
4.48%
|
|
0.66%
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Institutional Class (Inception Date of
10/21/08)
|
Returns Before
Taxes
|
|
-1.17%
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
13.61%
|
Russell 2000
Growth Index
|
|
-2.91%
|
|
2.09%
|
|
4.48%
|
|
15.01%
|
Investor Class (Inception Date of
5/2/2011)
|
Returns Before
Taxes
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
-15.18%
|
Russell 2000
Growth Index
|
|
-2.91%
|
|
2.09%
|
|
4.48%
|
|
-13.04%
|
*
|
After-tax returns are calculated by using the highest historical individual U.S. federal marginal
income tax rates (i.e., maximum rates) and do not include state or local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investors tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold Fund shares
in tax-deferred accounts (i.e., retirement plans or Individual Retirement Accounts).
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**
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The Russell 2000 Growth Index measures the performance of the small-cap growth segment of the U.S.
equity universe. It includes those Russell 2000 Index companies with higher price-to-book ratios and higher forecasted growth values.
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INVESTMENT ADVISER
Emerald is the investment adviser to the Fund.
EMERALDS PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
The
members of the team are: Kenneth G. Mertz II, CFA, President, Stacey L. Sears, Portfolio Manager, and Joseph W. Garner, Director of Research for Emerald and its affiliates. Mr. Mertz, Ms. Sears and Mr. Garner are responsible for the
management of the Funds portfolio, and each has served as a portfolio manager of the Fund since inception.
EMERALD GROWTH FUND
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES
The minimum initial investment in Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares is $2,000 for non-qualified accounts and $1,000 for qualified accounts. The minimum initial investment in Institutional Class shares
is $100,000. The minimum subsequent investment is $100 for Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares. There is no minimum subsequent investment for Institutional Class shares. Investors generally may meet the minimum investment amount by
aggregating multiple accounts within the Fund.
Purchases, exchanges and redemptions may be made directly or through institutional
channels, such as financial intermediaries and retirement platforms. You should contact your financial intermediary or refer to your plan documents for information on how to invest in the Fund. Investor Class shareholders should call 1-855-828-9909
for more information on how to invest.
TAX INFORMATION
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Funds distributions are taxable and will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k)
plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred arrangements may be subject to U.S. federal income tax upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
If you purchase the Fund
through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing
the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys Web site for more information.
9
EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND
EMERALD GROWTH FUND
(EACH A FUND, AND COLLECTIVELY, THE FUNDS OR THE EMERALD
FUNDS)
I
NVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND PRINCIPAL STRATEGIES
This section describes each Funds investment objective and principal investment strategies. See More on Each Funds Investments
and Related Risks in this Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information for more information about each Funds investments and the risks of investing.
What are the Funds Investment Objectives?
|
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The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund seeks long-term growth through capital appreciation. Income is a secondary objective.
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|
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The Emerald Growth Fund seeks long-term growth through capital appreciation.
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While there is no assurance that either Fund will achieve its investment objective, each Fund endeavors to do so by following the strategies and
policies described in this Prospectus.
Each Funds Board of Trustees (the Board) may change this objective or the
Funds principal investment strategies without a shareholder vote. Each Fund will notify you in writing at least sixty (60) days before making any such change. If there is a material change to a Funds objective or principal
investment strategies, you should consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment for you.
What are each Funds Principal
Investment Strategies?
The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund has adopted an investment policy that it will, under normal conditions, invest at least 80% of the value of its assets (net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for
investment purposes) in stocks (both common and preferred) of companies principally engaged in the banking or financial services industries. This requirement is applied at the time the Fund invests its assets. The Emerald Banking and Finance
Funds policy to invest at least 80% of its assets in such a manner is non-fundamental, which means that it may be changed without shareholder approval. The 80% investment policy may be changed at any time by the Board of Trustees. Shareholders
will be given written notice at least 60 days prior to any change by the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund of its 80% investment policy.
The Fund will usually emphasize small or medium market capitalization companies: those with a market
capitalization of less than $1.5 billion. In addition, the Fund will invest not less than 25% of its net assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the banking industry and not less than 25% of its net assets in securities of companies
principally engaged in the financial services industry. A company is defined as principally engaged in the banking or financial services industries if: a majority of the revenues or earnings were derived from the creation or sale of
banking or financial services products; or a majority of the assets were devoted to such activities, based on the companys most recent fiscal year.
Companies in the banking industry are defined to include U.S. commercial and industrial banking and savings institutions and their parent holding companies. Companies in the financial services industry are defined
to include commercial and industrial finance companies, diversified financial services companies, investment banking, securities brokerage and investment advisory companies, real estate investment trusts, insurance and insurance holding companies,
and leasing companies.
Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (Emerald or the Adviser) utilizes a growth approach
to choosing securities based upon fundamental research which attempts to identify companies whose earnings growth rate exceeds that of their peer group, exhibit a competitive advantage in niche markets, or do not receive significant coverage from
other institutional investors.
The Emerald Growth Fund
Under normal conditions, the Fund typically invests in equity securities, including common stocks, preferred stocks, and securities convertible into common or preferred stocks.
The Fund utilizes a fundamental approach to choosing securities: the research staff of Emerald conducts company-specific research analysis to
identify companies whose earnings growth rate exceeds that of their peer group. Companies with perceived leadership positions and competitive advantages in niche markets that do not receive significant coverage from other institutional investors are
favored.
The Fund can invest in companies from a wide range of industries and of various sizes. This includes smaller companies, which
are defined by the Adviser as those having a market capitalization equal to or less than that of the largest companies in the Russell 2000 Index.
MORE ON EACH FUNDS INVESTMENTS AND RELATED RISKS
Each Funds investment objective and its principal investment
strategies are described above under Investment Objective and Principal Investment Strategies. This section provides additional information about each Funds investment strategies and certain portfolio management techniques each
Fund may use, as well as the principal and other risks that may affect each Funds portfolio. Additional information about some of these investments and portfolio management techniques and their associated risks is included in the Funds
Statement of Additional Information (SAI), which is available without charge upon request (see back cover).
EMERALD FUNDS
What are the Principal Securities in Which Each Fund Invests?
Equity Securities and Convertible Securities
Equity securities, such as common stock and preferred stock, represent an ownership interest, or the right to acquire an ownership interest, in an issuer. Different types of equity securities provide different
voting and dividend rights and priority in the event of the bankruptcy of the issuer. Certain types of equity securities, such as warrants, are sometimes attached to or acquired in connection with debt securities. Preferred stocks pay dividends at a
specified rate and have precedence over common stock as to the payment of dividends.
Convertible securities are generally preferred
stocks and other securities, including certain fixed-income securities and warrants that are convertible into or exercisable for common stock at a stated price. The price of a convertible security will normally vary in some proportion to changes in
the price of the underlying common stock because of this conversion or exercise feature. However, the value of a convertible security may not increase or decrease as rapidly as the underlying common stock.
Real Estate-Related Company
A
company is considered to be a real estate-related company if at least 50% of its assets, gross income or net profits are attributable to ownership, construction, management or sale of residential, commercial or industrial real estate. These
companies include equity real estate investment trusts (REITs) that own property and mortgage REITs that make short-term construction and development mortgage loans or that invest in long-term mortgages or mortgage pools, or companies
whose products and services are related to the real estate industry, such as manufacturers and distributors of building supplies, and financial institutions that issue or service mortgages.
A REIT is a type of U.S. real estate company that is dedicated to owning and usually operating income producing real estate or to financing real
estate. REITs are not subject to U.S. corporate income tax provided they comply with a number of tax requirements, including the annual distribution to stockholders of at least 90% of their net income. A number of countries around the world have
adopted, or are considering adopting, similar REIT-like structures pursuant to which these companies are not subject to corporate income tax in their home countries provided they distribute a significant percentage of their net income each year to
stockholders and meet certain other requirements.
Illiquid Securities
A Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities (i.e., securities that do not have a readily available market or that are
subject to resale restrictions). Generally, a security is considered illiquid if it cannot be disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the price at which a Fund has valued the investment.
Money Market Securities
Money market
securities are high quality, short-term debt securities that pay a fixed, variable or floating interest rate. Securities are often specifically structured so that they are eligible investments for a money market fund. For example, in order to
satisfy certain of the maturity restrictions for a money market fund, some money market securities have demand or put features which have the effect of shortening the securitys maturity.
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs)
ETFs are funds whose shares are traded on a national exchange. ETFs may be based on underlying equity or fixed income securities, as well as
commodities or currencies. ETFs do not sell individual shares directly to investors and only issue their shares in large blocks known as creation units. The investor purchasing a creation unit then sells the individual shares on a
secondary market. Although similar diversification benefits may be achieved through an investment in another investment company, ETFs generally offer greater liquidity and lower expenses. Because an ETF incurs its own fees and expenses, shareholders
of a Fund investing in an ETF will indirectly bear those costs. Such Fund will also incur brokerage commissions and related charges when purchasing or selling shares of an ETF. Unlike typical investment company shares, which are valued once daily,
shares in an ETF may be purchased or sold on a securities exchange throughout the trading day at market prices that are generally close to the NAV of the ETF.
Securities Issued by Other Investment Companies
Investment companies are corporations,
trusts, or partnerships that invest pooled shareholder dollars in securities appropriate to the organizations objective. Mutual funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts and ETFs are examples of investment companies. The Emerald Growth
Fund and the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, but only in no-load, open-end money market mutual funds. By investing in another investment company, a Fund will indirectly bear any asset-based
fees and expenses charged by the underlying investment company in which the Fund invests.
Restrictions on Investments in Other
Investment
Companies
Investments in securities of other investment companies are subject to statutory limitations prescribed by the 1940 Act. Absent an available exemption, a Fund may not: (i) acquire more than 3% of the
voting securities of any other investment company; (ii) invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any one investment company; or (iii) invest more than 10% of its total assets in securities of all investment companies.
When-Issued, Delayed-Delivery and Forward Commitments
A Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis, may purchase and sell such securities on a delayed-delivery basis, and may enter into contracts to purchase such securities for a fixed price at a future date
beyond normal settlement time (i.e., forward commitments). Each Fund will segregate or earmark assets determined by the Adviser to be liquid in accordance with procedures established by the Board of Trustees to cover its obligations with
respect to any when-issued securities, delayed-delivery securities or forward commitments. Typically, no income accrues on securities a Fund has committed to purchase prior to the time delivery of the securities is made, although a Fund may earn
income on securities it has segregated or earmarked to cover these positions.
U.S. Government Securities
U.S. Government securities are high quality securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or by an agency or instrumentality of the U.S.
Government. U.S. Government securities may be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury, the right to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, or the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the security.
Mortgage-Related Securities
Mortgage-related securities are interests in pools of mortgages. Payment of principal or interest generally depends on the cash flows generated by the underlying mortgages. Mortgage-related securities may be U.S.
Government securities or issued by a bank or other financial institution.
What are the Non-Principal Strategies of each Fund?
Unless otherwise stated within its specific investment policies, each Fund may also invest in other types of domestic and foreign securities and
use other investment strategies. These securities and strategies are not principal investment strategies of a Fund. If successful, they may benefit a Fund by earning a return on the Funds assets or reducing risk; however, they may not achieve
the Funds objective.
Debt Securities
A Fund may invest in short- and/or long-term debt securities. Debt securities are used by issuers to borrow money. The issuer usually pays a fixed, variable or floating rate of interest, and must repay the amount
borrowed at the maturity of the security. Some debt securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not pay current interest but are sold at a discount from their face values. Debt securities include corporate bonds (including convertible bonds),
government securities, and mortgage- and other asset-backed securities.
Depositary Receipts
Depositary receipts are securities issued by banks and other financial institutions that represent interests in the stocks of foreign companies.
They include, but are not limited to, American Depositary Receipts, European Depositary Receipts, Global Depositary Receipts, Russian Depositary Certificates, Philippine Depositary Receipts, and Brazilian Depositary Receipts. Depositary receipts may
be sponsored or unsponsored.
Derivatives
A Fund may invest in derivatives, which are securities whose value derives from the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. These instruments include options, futures contracts, forward
currency contracts, swap agreements, and similar instruments. Each Fund will segregate or earmark assets determined by the Adviser to be liquid in accordance with procedures established by the Board of Trustees to cover its derivative
obligations.
Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs)
GSEs are privately-owned corporations created by Congress to provide funding and help to reduce the cost of capital for certain borrowing sectors of the economy such as homeowners, students, and farmers. GSE
securities are generally perceived to carry the implicit backing of the U.S. Government, but they are not direct obligations of the U.S. Government and are not guaranteed by the U.S. Government. As such, GSEs are different from agencies,
which have the explicit backing of the U.S. Government.
Repurchase Agreements
A Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. When a Fund enters into a repurchase agreement, the Fund agrees to buy a security at one price and
simultaneously agrees to sell it back at an agreed upon price on a specified future date. Repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days are considered illiquid securities.
Structured Notes
A structured note is a debt obligation that may contain an embedded derivative component with characteristics that adjust the securitys risk/return profile. The return performance of a structured note will
track that of the underlying debt obligation and the derivative embedded within it. A structured note is a hybrid security that attempts to change its profile by including additional modifying structures. Certain Funds investing in commodities will
effect such investment primarily through the purchase of a leveraged structured note. The Adviser will attempt to provide non-leveraged index-like exposure by investing a separate pool of assets in high quality bonds, such as those issued by the
U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government agencies. The combination of the leveraged structured note and the separate pool of high quality bonds is designed to replicate the performance of the broad commodities markets and will be managed for the exposure
to the commodities market. For example, if a Fund were to hold a structured note with 3 times exposure to a specified commodity index and the Adviser hoped to achieve $15 million in exposure, the Adviser would invest $5 million in the structured
note and $10 million in high quality bonds. When the investment performance of the structured note and high quality bonds is viewed together, the total investment is designed to approximate the unleveraged performance of the index underlying the
structured note.
Investment Limitations
Except with respect to the illiquid investment restrictions set forth above, all limitations on each Funds investments listed in this Prospectus will apply at the time of investment. Each Fund would not
violate these limitations unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of an investment. Unless otherwise indicated, references to assets in the percentage limitations on the Funds investments refer to
total assets.
Cash Position
Each Fund may not always stay fully invested. For example, when the portfolio manager believes that market conditions are unfavorable for profitable investing, or when he is otherwise unable to locate attractive
investment opportunities, the Funds cash or similar investments may increase. In other words, cash or similar investments generally are a residual they represent the assets that remain after the Fund has committed available assets to
desirable investment opportunities. When the Funds investments in cash or similar investments increase, it may not participate in market advance or declines to the same extent that it would if the Fund remained more fully invested.
Lending of Portfolio Securities
In
order to generate additional income, a Fund from time to time may lend portfolio securities to broker-dealers, banks or institutional borrowers of securities. During the time portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower pays the lending Fund any
dividends or interest paid on such securities. In the event the borrower defaults on its obligation to the lending Fund, the lending Fund could experience delays in recovering its securities and possible capital losses.
Changes of Investment Policies
Certain of the Funds investment policies are non-fundamental investment policies, including the Emerald Banking and Finance Funds policy
to invest at least 80% of its assets in stocks (both common and preferred) of companies principally engaged in the banking or financial services industries. Such non-fundamental investment policies may be changed at any time without shareholder
approval
EMERALD FUNDS
by the Board of Trustees. Shareholders will be given written notice at least 60 days prior to any
change by either Fund of its non-fundamental investment policies. Unless expressly stated otherwise in the Prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information, any other investment policies or restrictions contained in the Prospectus or Statement
of Additional Information are non-fundamental.
Temporary Defensive Positions
Each Fund may depart from its principal investment strategies in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions by taking temporary
defensive positions in short-term debt securities, cash and cash equivalents. Under such circumstances, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.
Market Risk
Securities markets are volatile and can decline significantly in response
to issuer, political, market, and economic developments. Historically, markets have moved in cycles, and the value of a Funds securities may fluctuate drastically from day to day. A Funds portfolio securities can be affected by events
that affect the securities markets generally or particular segments of the market in which the Fund has invested. Individual companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or economic trends and developments. The prices
of securities issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. These factors contribute to price volatility, which is a principal risk of investing in a Fund.
Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies
With respect to any percentage
restriction on investment or use of assets discussed in the relevant Fund Summary sections above, if such a percentage restriction is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, a later increase or decrease in such percentage
resulting from changes in values of securities or loans or amounts of net assets or security characteristics will not be considered a violation of the restriction. Any such changes in percentages do not require the sale of a security, but rather the
Adviser will consider which action is in the best interest of a Fund and its shareholders, including the sale of the security.
Other Investments
and Risks
Each Fund may invest in other types of securities and use a variety of investment techniques and strategies which are
not described in this Prospectus. These securities and techniques may subject a Fund to additional risks. Please review the Statement of Additional Information (SAI) for more information about the additional types of securities in which
each Fund may invest and their associated risks.
What are the Principal and Non-Principal Risks of Investing in Each Fund?
There are inherent risks associated with each Funds principal investment strategies. The factors that are most likely to have a material
effect on a particular Funds investment portfolio as a whole are called principal risks. The principal risks of each Fund are summarized in each Funds Fund Summary section above and further described following the
table. The table below identifies the principal and non-principal risks of each Fund. Each Fund may be subject to additional risks other than those described because the types of investment made by a Fund may change over time. For additional
information regarding risks of investing in a Fund, please see the SAI.
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Risks
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Emerald
Banking and Finance Fund
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Emerald
Growth Fund
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Concentration in Banking and Financial Services
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P
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N/A
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Borrowing
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NP
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NP
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Cash and Cash Equivalents
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NP
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NP
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Debt Securities
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NP
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NP
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Depositary Receipts
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NP
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NP
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Derivatives
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NP
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NP
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Equity Securities
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P
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P
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Government-sponsored Enterprises
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NP
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NP
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Growth Stocks
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P
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P
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Liquidity Risk
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P
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P
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Real Estate Securities and REITs
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P
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P
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Repurchase Agreements
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NP
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NP
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Restricted and Illiquid Securities
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P
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P
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Securities Issued By Other
Investment Companies
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P
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P
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Small and Medium
Capitalization Stocks
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P
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P
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Tax
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NP
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NP
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Value Stocks
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NP
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NP
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P = Principal Risk NP = Non-Principal
Risk
N/A = Not Applicable
Concentration in Banking- and Financial Services-Related Investments
(Principal Risk of the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund; Not applicable to the Emerald Growth Fund)
A Fund that concentrates in the banking and financial services industries, such as the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, may be subject to greater
risks than a portfolio without such a concentration. Such a Fund will be particularly subject to the risks associated with regulatory developments in, or related to, the banking and financial services industries. The banking and financial services
industries are comparatively narrow segments of the economy and, therefore, a Fund that concentrates its investments in these industries may experience greater volatility than funds investing in a broader range of industries.
In addition, companies in these industries may be subject to additional risks such as increased competition within the sector or changes in
legislation or government regulations affecting the banking and financial services industries. The value of a Funds shares is particularly vulnerable to factors affecting the banking and financial services industries, such as the availability
and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, extensive government regulation, and price competition.
There is a risk that those issuers (or the sector) will perform poorly and negatively impact the Fund. Concentration risk results from maintaining exposure
(long or short) to issuers conducting business in a specific industry. The risk of concentrating
investments in a limited number of issuers in a particular industry is that the Fund will be more susceptible to the risks associated with that industry than a fund that does not concentrate its investments.
Borrowing
(Non-Principal Risk of the both the
Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
Borrowing for investment purposes creates leverage, which can
increase the risk and volatility of a Fund. Borrowing will exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the market price of securities in a Funds portfolio on the Funds net asset value and, therefore, may increase the volatility
of the Fund. Money borrowed will be subject to interest and other costs (that may include commitment fees and/or the cost of maintaining minimum average balances). These costs may exceed the gain on securities purchased with borrowed funds.
Increased operating costs, including the financing cost associated with any leverage, may reduce a Funds total return. Unless the income and capital appreciation, if any, on securities acquired with borrowed funds exceed the cost of borrowing,
the use of leverage will diminish the investment performance of a Fund.
Successful use of borrowing depends on the ability of the
Adviser to correctly predict interest rates and market movements, and there is no assurance that the use of borrowing will be successful. Capital raised through leverage will be subject to interest costs, which may fluctuate with changing market
rates of interest. A Fund may also be required to pay fees in connection with borrowings (such as loan syndication fees or commitment and administrative fees in connection with a line of credit) and it might be required to maintain minimum average
balances with a bank lender, either of which would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. Under adverse market conditions, a Fund might have to sell portfolio securities to meet interest or principal payments at a time when
fundamental investment considerations would not favor such sales. Some of a Funds portfolio securities may also be leveraged and will therefore be subject to the leverage risks described above. This additional leverage may, under certain
market conditions, reduce the net asset value of a Fund.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
(Non-Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
The holding by a Fund of a substantial portion of its assets in cash and/or cash equivalents such as money market securities, U.S. government obligations and short-term debt securities, which may occur under
certain market conditions, could have a negative effect on the Funds ability to achieve its investment objective.
Debt Securities
(Non-Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
A Fund may invest in short-term and/or long-term debt securities. Debt securities in which a Fund may invest are subject to several types of
investment risk.
They may have market or interest rate risk, which means their value will be affected by fluctuations
in the prevailing interest rates. Bonds are subject to the risk that interest rates will rise and that, as a result, bond prices will fall, lowering the value of a Funds investments in bonds. Investments in these types of securities pose the
risk that the Advisers forecast of the direction of interest rates might be incorrect.
Debt securities are subject to credit
risk, which is the risk that the issuer may be unable to make timely interest payments and repay the principal upon maturity. The credit quality of a bond or fixed-income holding could deteriorate as a result of a bankruptcy or extended losses.
There is no guarantee that a sovereign government will support certain government sponsored entity securities and, accordingly, these securities involve a risk of non-payment of principal and interest. In addition, the value of a Funds debt
securities will generally decline if the credit rating of the issuer declines, and an issuer whose credit rating has declined may be unable to make payments of principal and/or interest. Call or income risk exists with respect to corporate bonds
during periods of falling interest rates because of the possibility that securities with high interest rates will be prepaid or called by the issuer before they mature. A Fund would have to reinvest the proceeds at a possibly lower
interest rate. A Fund may also be subject to event risk, which is the possibility that corporate debt securities held by the Fund may suffer a substantial decline in credit quality and market value if the issuer restructures.
Debt securities generally increase in value during periods of falling interest rates and decline in value if interest rates increase. Usually, the
longer the remaining maturity of a debt security is, the greater the effect interest rate changes have on its market value.
Depositary Receipts
(Non-Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
Depositary receipts are securities issued by banks and other financial institutions that represent interests in the stocks of foreign companies.
They include, but are not limited to, American Depositary Receipts, European Depositary Receipts, Global Depositary Receipts, Russian Depositary Certificates, Philippine Depositary Receipts, and Brazilian Depositary Receipts. Depositary receipts may
be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored depositary receipts are organized independently, without the cooperation of the issuer of the underlying securities. As a result, there may be less information available about the underlying issuer than there
is about an issuer of sponsored depositary receipts and the prices may be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Investments in depositary receipts involve risks similar to those accompanying direct investments in
foreign securities.
Derivatives
(Non-Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
A Fund may invest in derivatives, which are securities whose value is based on the value of another security or index. These instruments include
options, futures contracts, forward currency contracts, swap agreements, and similar in-
EMERALD FUNDS
struments. There is limited consensus as to what constitutes a derivative. For certain
Funds purposes, derivatives may also include customized baskets or options (which may incorporate other securities directly and also various derivatives including common stock, options, and futures) structured as agreed upon by a counterparty,
as well as specially structured types of mortgage- and asset-backed securities whose value is linked to foreign currencies. A Funds use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments, and certain derivatives may create a risk of loss greater than the amount invested. Investing for hedging purposes or to increase a Funds return may result in
certain additional transaction costs that may reduce the Funds performance. A Fund may use a variety of currency hedging techniques to attempt to hedge exchange rate risk or gain exposure to a particular currency. When used for hedging
purposes, no assurance can be given that each derivative position will achieve a perfect correlation with the security or currency against which it is being hedged. Because the markets for certain derivative instruments are relatively new, suitable
derivatives transactions may not be available in all circumstances for risk management or other purposes and there can be no assurance that a particular derivative position will be available when sought by the Adviser or, if available, that such
techniques will be utilized by the Adviser.
The market value of derivative instruments and securities may be more volatile than that of
other instruments, and each type of derivative instrument may have its own special risks, including the risk of mispricing or improper valuation of derivatives and the inability of derivatives to correlate perfectly with underlying assets, rates,
and indexes. Many derivatives, in particular privately negotiated derivatives, are complex and often valued subjectively. Improper valuations can result in increased cash payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to a Fund. The value
of derivatives may not correlate perfectly, or at all, with the value of the assets, reference rates or indexes they are designed to closely track.
Derivatives are subject to a number of other risks, including liquidity risk (the possibility that the derivative may be difficult to purchase or sell and the Adviser may be unable to initiate a transaction or
liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price), leverage risk (the possibility that adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate or index can result in loss of an amount substantially greater than the amount
invested in the derivative), interest rate risk (some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations), and counterparty risk (the risk that a counterparty may be unable to perform according to a contract, and
that any deterioration in a counterpartys creditworthiness could adversely affect the instrument). In addition, because derivative products are highly specialized, investment techniques and risk analyses employed with respect to investments in
derivatives are different from those associated with stocks and bonds. Finally, a Funds use of derivatives may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if the Fund
had not used such instruments. Derivative instruments are also subject to the risk that the market value of an instrument will change to the detriment of a Fund. If the Adviser inaccurately forecasts the values of securities, currencies or interest
rates or other economic factors in using derivatives, a Fund might have been in a better position if it had not entered into the transaction at all. Some strategies involving derivative instruments can reduce the risk of loss, but they can also
reduce the opportunity for gain or result in losses by offsetting favorable price
movements in other investments held by a Fund. A Fund may also have to buy or sell a security at a
disadvantageous time or price because regulations require funds to maintain offsetting positions or asset coverage in connection with certain derivatives transactions.
The SAI provides a more detailed description of the types of derivative instruments in which a Fund may invest and their associated risks.
Equity Securities
(Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald
Growth Fund)
A Fund may invest in equity securities, which include common, preferred, and convertible preferred stocks and
securities with values that are tied to the price of stocks, such as rights, warrants, and convertible debt securities. Common and preferred stocks represent equity ownership in a company. The price of equity securities can fluctuate, at times
dramatically, based on changes in a companys financial condition and overall market and economic conditions. The value of equity securities purchased by a Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies decline or if overall
market and economic conditions deteriorate.
Many factors affect an individual companys performance, such as the strength of its
management or the demand for its product or services, and a companys performance may also be impacted by developments affecting the particular issuer or its industry or geographic sector. As a result, individual companies may not perform as
anticipated. Furthermore, stock markets in which a Fund invests may experience periods of turbulence and instability and domestic and global economies may go through periods of decline and change, which may negatively impact the price of equity
securities.
A Fund may invest in securities of varying market capitalizations. Investments in high quality or blue chip
equity securities or securities of established companies with large market capitalizations, like those with small market capitalizations, can be negatively impacted by poor overall market and economic conditions. Companies with large market
capitalizations may also have less growth potential than smaller companies and may be able to react less quickly to changes in the marketplace. Convertible securities, like fixed-income securities, tend to increase in value when interest rates
decline and decrease in value when interest rates increase and may also be affected by changes in the value of the underlying common stock into which the securities may be converted. Convertible securities with longer maturities tend to be more
sensitive to changes in interest rates and more volatile than convertible securities with shorter maturities. In addition, issuers of convertible securities that pay fixed interest and dividends may default on interest or principal payments, and an
issuer may have the right to buy back certain convertible securities at a time and a price that is unfavorable to a Fund.
Government-Sponsored
Enterprises (GSEs)
(Non-Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
Certain GSEs (such as Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, and FHLB), although sponsored or chartered by the U.S. Government, are not
funded by the U.S. Government and
the securities they issue are not guaranteed by the U.S. Government. GSE debt is generally considered
to be of high credit quality due to the implied backing of the U.S. Government, but ultimately it is the sole obligation of its issuer. For that reason, securities issued by GSEs are considered to carry somewhat greater credit risk than securities
issued by the U.S. Treasury or government agencies that carry the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.
Growth Stocks
(Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
Growth-oriented stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than other stocks. The market prices of companies believed
to have good prospects for revenues and earnings growth tend to reflect those expectations. When it appears those expectations will not be met, the prices of these securities typically fall. In addition, if the market does not come to share the
Advisers assessment of an investments long-term growth, a Fund may under-perform other mutual funds or stock indexes.
Liquidity Risk
(Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
Liquidity risk is financial risk due to uncertain liquidity. An institution might lose liquidity if its credit rating falls, it experiences sudden
unexpected cash outflows, or some other event causes counterparties to avoid trading with or lending to the institution. A firm is also exposed to liquidity risk if markets on which it depends are subject to loss of liquidity. Derivative based
securities and privately issued mortgage-related securities and other asset-backed securities, which do not have a government or government-sponsored guarantee, that are subject to substantial market and credit risk may have greater liquidity risk.
Less liquid securities may trade infrequently, trade at a smaller volume, and be quite volatile. This means that they may be harder to purchase or sell at a fair price or quickly enough to prevent or minimize loss.
Real Estate Securities and REITs
(Principal Risk of
the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
The Funds do not concentrate investments in
opportunities in the real estate industry but may otherwise invest in real estate-related securities, which may pose certain risks associated with investments in entities focused on real estate activities. Real estate investment trusts or
REITs are issuers that invest in interests in real estate, including mortgages. Investing in REITs may subject a Fund to risks similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate, including fluctuations in the value of
underlying properties and defaults by borrowers or tenants. REITs may not be diversified and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency and self-liquidation. REITs are also subject to the possibilities of failing to qualify for tax-free pass through
of income under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the Code), and failing to maintain their exemptions from registration under the 1940 Act. REITs may have limited financial resources, trade less
frequently and in a limited volume, and be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than more widely held securities. In addition, the organizational documents of a REIT may give the
trusts sponsors the ability to control the operation of the REIT even though another person or entity could own a majority of the interests of the trust. These trusts may also contain provisions which would delay or make a change in control of
the REIT difficult.
A Fund is also subject to the risks associated with direct ownership of real estate. Real estate values can
fluctuate as a result of general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, regulatory limitations on rents,
changes in neighborhood values, changes in the appeal of properties to tenants, increases in interest rates, and defaults by borrowers or tenants. The value of equities that service the real estate business sector may also be affected by such risks.
Repurchase Agreements
(Non-Principal
Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
Repurchase agreements are transactions in
which an institution ( e.g., a bank or securities firm) sells a Fund a security at one price and agrees to repurchase that security at a higher price, normally within a seven day period. Each repurchase agreement entered into by a Fund will be fully
collateralized at all times during the period of the agreement by securities in which the Fund can invest. If a seller becomes subject to bankruptcy or other insolvency proceedings or fails to repurchase a security from a Fund, the Fund may incur
losses including as a result of (a) a possible decline in value of the underlying security during the period while the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto, (b) a possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this
period, and (c) expenses of enforcing its rights.
Restricted and Illiquid Securities
(Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
Certain securities generally trade in lower volume and may be less liquid than securities of large established companies. These less liquid
securities could include securities of small- and mid-sized non-U.S. companies, high-yield securities, convertible securities, unrated debt and convertible securities, securities that originate from small offerings, and foreign securities,
particularly those from companies in emerging markets. If a security is illiquid, a Fund may not be able to sell the security at a time and/or price at which the Adviser might wish to sell, which means that the Fund could lose money. In addition,
the security could have the effect of decreasing the overall level of the Funds liquidity. Further, the lack of an established secondary market may make it more difficult to value illiquid securities, which could vary from the amount a Fund
could realize upon disposition. Restricted securities (i.e., securities subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale) may be illiquid. However, some restricted securities may be treated as liquid, although they may be less liquid than
registered securities traded on established secondary markets.
EMERALD FUNDS
Securities Issued By Other Investment Companies
(Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
A Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies, including, but not limited to, other mutual funds, money market funds, ETFs, HOLDRs, unit investment trusts, and closed-end funds, to gain exposure to a
particular portion of the market rather than purchase securities directly. Investing in another investment company exposes a Fund to all the risks of that investment company, and, in general, subjects it to a pro rata portion of the other investment
companys fees and expenses.
Small and Medium Capitalization Stocks
(Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
Smaller companies may offer greater investment value, but they may present greater investment risks than investing in the securities of large companies. These risks include greater price volatility, greater
sensitivity to changing economic conditions and less liquidity than the securities of larger, more mature companies. Smaller companies can also have limited product lines, markets or financial resources and may not have sufficient management
strength. Small capitalization stocks may be traded over the counter or listed on an exchange.
Tax
(Non-Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund)
The federal income tax treatment of the complex securities in which a Fund may invest may not be clear or may be subject to recharacterization by
the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). It could be more difficult to comply with the tax requirements applicable to regulated investment companies if the tax characterization of investments or the tax treatment of the income from such
investments were successfully challenged by the IRS. Any such failure to comply with the rules applicable to regulated investment companies could make it more difficult for a Fund itself to comply with such rules. In addition, a Funds use of
derivatives may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if the Fund had not used such instruments.
Value Stocks
(Non-Principal Risk of the both the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald
Growth Fund)
Although a Fund may invest in securities that the Adviser believes to be undervalued, such securities may, in
fact, be appropriately priced. There is no guarantee that the price of a security believed to be undervalued will not decline. In addition, the markets may favor growth stocks over stocks that are undervalued.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Trusts policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds portfolio securities are described in the Funds SAI.
M
ANAGEMENT
Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (Emerald
or the Adviser), subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees, is responsible for the overall management and administration of each Funds business affairs. The Adviser commenced business operations in 2005 and is registered
with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an investment adviser. Emerald is located at 3175 Oregon Pike, Leola, Pennsylvania 17540. Emerald is a wholly owned subsidiary of Emerald Advisers, Inc., the former investment advisor to these Funds,
and is located at the same address as that of Emerald. As of November 30, 2011, Emerald Advisers, Inc. had approximately $1.4 billion in assets under management.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement (the Advisory Agreement), the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund pays the Adviser an annual management fee of 1% based on the Emerald Banking
and Finance Funds average daily net assets and the Emerald Growth Fund pays the adviser an annual management fee of 0.75% based on the Emerald Growth Funds average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The
initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of the Fund, or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days
notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Boards approval of the Advisory Agreement will be provided in the Funds annual report to shareholders for the period ended April 30, 2012.
THE PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
The
portfolio managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day operation of each Fund.
More information about each managers
compensation, other accounts managed by each manager and each managers ownership of securities in the Funds is included in the SAI.
The portfolio managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day operation of the Fund. Each of the persons listed below will serve as the
Funds portfolio manager from the Funds inception. Where more than one portfolio manager is identified, the Funds portfolio managers collectively arrive at investment decisions.
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FUND
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PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
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PAST 5 YEARS
BUSINESS EXPERIENCE
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Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
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Kenneth G. Mertz II, CFA
®
*
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Mr. Mertz has been the Chief Investment Officer & President of Emerald since October 1992. Before joining Emerald, Mr. Mertz
was the Chief Investment Officer to the Pennsylvania State Employees Retirement System.
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Emerald Banking and Finance Fund (cont)
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Steven E. Russell, Esq.
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Mr. Russell is an Assistant Vice President for Emerald and Assistant Vice President of Emerald
Advisers, Inc. Prior to re-joining Emerald Advisers, Inc. in 2005, Mr. Russell founded a registered investment adviser and served as Managing Director of a private equity firm. Mr. Russell served as a portfolio manager and officer of Emerald
Advisers, Inc. from 1998 to 2004. He has also served as a portfolio manager for the Pennsylvania Public School Employees Retirement System.
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Emerald Growth Fund
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Kenneth G. Mertz II,
CFA
®
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Mr. Mertzs biographical information appears above.
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Stacey L. Sears
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Ms. Sears is Vice President of Emerald Advisers, Inc. and of Emerald. Ms. Sears was employed by
Emeralds parent company from 1992 to 2001, and from 1995 to 2000, served as a Research Analyst. She became an assistant portfolio manager to Mr. Mertz in 2001. In 2002, Ms. Sears became a Portfolio Manager.
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Joseph W. Garner
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Mr. Garner is the Director of Research for Emerald Research, the research arm of Emerald Asset
Management, Inc., a position he has held since January 1995. Mr. Garner has been employed by Emerald Advisers, Inc. since April 1994 as an analyst, focusing on small to mid-size firms. He holds an M.B.A.
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* CFA
®
and Chartered Financial
Analyst
®
are trademarks owned by CFA Institute.
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ADMINISTRATOR, DISTRIBUTOR AND TRANSFER AGENT OF THE FUNDS
ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (the Transfer Agent) serves as the Funds administrator, fund accounting and transfer agent. ALPS
Distributors, Inc. (the Distributor) serves as the Funds distributor.
BUYING, EXCHANGING AND REDEEMING
SHARES
Each Fund currently offers Class A, Class C, Institutional Class, and Investor Class shares. Each share class of a Fund
represents an investment in the same portfolio
of securities, but each share class has its own sales charge and expense structure, allowing you to
choose the class that best meets your situation. When you purchase shares of a Fund, you must choose a share class.
Factors you should consider in
choosing a class of shares include:
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how long you expect to own the shares;
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how much you intend to invest;
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total expenses associated with owning shares of each class; and
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whether you qualify for any reduction or waiver of sales charges (for example, Class A shares may be a less expensive option over time if you qualify for
a sales charge reduction or waiver).
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Class A and C shares are generally available directly or in connection with
investments through retirement plans, broker-dealers, bank trust departments, financial advisors and other financial intermediaries.
Institutional Class shares may be offered directly or through financial intermediaries (including, but not limited to, broker-dealers, retirement
plans, bank trust departments, and financial advisers) who may require payment from the Fund or its service providers for the provision of distribution, administrative or shareholder retention services, except for networking and/or omnibus account
fees. Institutional investors may include, but are not limited to, corporations, retirement plans, public plans and foundations/endowments.
Not all financial intermediaries offer all classes of shares. Each investors financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which share class is best
for you. If your financial intermediary offers more than one class of shares, you should carefully consider which class of shares to purchase. Certain classes have higher expenses than other classes, which may lower the return on your investment.
Distribution and Services (12b-1) Plan for Class A, Class C and Investor Class Shares
Each Fund has adopted a separate plan of distribution for its Class A, Class C, and Investor Class shares, pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the
1940 Act (each, a Plan and collectively, the Plans).
The Plans allow each Fund, as applicable, to use
Class A, Class C, and Investor Class assets to pay fees in connection with the distribution and marketing of Class A, Class C, and Investor Class shares and/or the provision of shareholder services to Class A, Class C, and Investor
Class shareholders. The Plan permits payment for services in connection with the administration of plans or programs that use Class A, Class C, and Investor Class shares of the Fund as their funding medium and for related expenses.
The Plans permit each Fund to make total payments at an annual rate of up to 0.35% of a Funds average daily net assets attributable to its
Class A shares, 0.75% of a Funds average daily net assets attributable to its Class C shares, and 0.25% of a Funds average daily net assets attributable to its Investor Class shares. Because these 12b-1 fees are paid out of a
Funds Class A, Class C, and Investor Class assets on an ongoing basis, over time they will increase the cost of an investment in Class A, Class C, and Investor Class shares, and Plan fees may cost an investor more than other types of
sales charges.
EMERALD FUNDS
Under the terms of the Plans, the Trust is authorized to make payments to ALPS Distributors Inc.
(ADI) for remittance to retirement plan service providers, broker-dealers, bank trust departments, financial advisors, and other financial intermediaries, as compensation for distribution and/or shareholder services performed by such
entities for their customers who are investors in the Fund. Financial intermediaries may from time to time be required to meet certain criteria in order to receive 12b-1 fees. ADI is entitled to retain all fees paid under the Plan for the first 12
months on any investment in Class C Shares to recoup its expenses with respect to the payment of commissions on sales of Class C Shares. Financial intermediaries will become eligible for compensation under the Class C Plan beginning in the 13th
month following the purchase of Class C Shares, although ADI may, pursuant to a written agreement between ADI and a particular financial intermediary, pay such financial intermediary 12b-1 fees prior to the 13th month following the purchase of Class
C Shares. ADI is entitled to retain some or all fees payable under the Plans in certain circumstances, including when there is no broker of record or when certain qualification standards have not been met by the broker of record.
Shareholder Services Plan for Class C, Institutional Class and Investor Class Shares
Each Fund has each adopted a shareholder services plan (a Services Plan) with respect to the Funds Class C, Institutional Class
and Investor Class shares. Under the Services Plan, a Fund is authorized to pay third party service providers, including but not limited to banks and their affiliates, other institutions, broker-dealers and Fund affiliates (Participating
Organizations), for non-distribution related services to shareholders of each respective class.
Payments under the Shareholder
Services Plans are calculated daily and paid monthly, and the aggregate fees on an annual basis are not to exceed 0.25% for Class C shares of the average daily net asset value of the Class C shares of either Fund, 0.05% for Institutional Class
shares of the average daily net asset value of the Institutional Class shares of either Fund and 0.15% for Investor Class shares of the average daily net asset value of the Investor Class shares of either Fund attributable to or held in the name of
a Participating Organization for its clients as compensation for providing service activities pursuant to an agreement with a Participating Organization. Any amount of such payment not paid during a Funds fiscal year for such service
activities shall be reimbursed to such Fund as soon as practicable after the end of the fiscal year.
Because these shareholder services
fees are paid out of assets attributable to each Funds Class C, Institutional Class and Investor Class shares on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of an investment in such shares and may cost more than other types
of sales charges.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries
Emerald or its affiliates may enter into arrangements to make additional payments, also referred to as revenue sharing, to certain financial intermediaries or their affiliates. For purposes of these
additional payments, the term financial intermediary includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), registered investment advisor, financial planner, retirement plan administrator, third-party administrator,
insurance company and/or any other institutions having a selling, administration or any similar arrangement with
either Emerald or its affiliates. In some circumstances, such payments may create an incentive for an
intermediary or its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of the Fund to you, rather than shares of another mutual fund. Please contact your financial intermediary or plan administrator or sponsor for details about revenue
sharing payments it may receive.
Revenue sharing arrangements occur when Emerald or its affiliates agree to pay out of their own
resources (which may include legitimate profits from providing advisory or other services to the Funds) cash or other compensation to financial intermediaries, in addition to any sales charges, distribution fees, service fees or other expenses paid
by the Funds or their shareholders as disclosed in each Funds Fees and Expenses tables in this prospectus. Such additional payments are generally based on the average net assets of a Fund, assets held over a certain time period by a certain
financial intermediary, and/or sales of a Funds shares through a particular financial intermediary. Furthermore, such additional payments are not reflected in and do not change the expenses paid by investors for the purchase of shares of a
Fund as disclosed in each Funds Fees and Expenses tables in this prospectus.
Administrative Fees (Networking, Omnibus Positioning Fee)
Certain intermediaries may charge networking, omnibus account or other administrative fees with respect to transactions in shares
of each Fund. Transactions may be processed through the NSCC or similar systems or processed on a manual basis. These fees are paid by the Fund to the Distributor, which uses such fees to reimburse intermediaries. In the event an intermediary
receiving payments from the Distributor on behalf of the Fund converts from a networking structure to an omnibus account structure or otherwise experiences increased costs, fees borne by the Fund may increase.
Tax Information
For U.S. federal income
tax purposes, the Funds distributions are taxable and will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred
arrangements may be subject to U.S. federal income tax upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other
Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the
Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the
Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys Web site for more information.
Investment Minimums
You can open an account and make an initial purchase of any class shares of the Funds directly from the Funds or through a
financial intermediary that has established an agreement with the Funds distributor. Certain classes thereof may not be available for purchase in your state of residence. Please check with your financial intermediary to ensure your eligibility
to purchase a Fund or a class of a Fund.
Purchases, exchanges and redemptions can generally be made directly or through institutional
channels, such as financial intermediaries and retirement platforms. You should contact your financial intermediary or refer to your plan documents for information on how to invest in the Fund. Requests must be received in good order by the Fund or
its agent (financial intermediary or plan sponsor, if applicable) prior to the close of the regular trading session of the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time ) in order to receive that days net asset value.
The minimum initial investment in Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares is $2,000 for non-qualified accounts and $1,000 for qualified
accounts. The minimum initial investment in Institutional Class shares is $100,000. The minimum subsequent investment is $100 for Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares. There is no minimum subsequent investment for Institutional Class
shares. Investors generally may meet the minimum investment amount by aggregating multiple accounts within the Fund.
Each Fund reserves
the right to waive or change investment minimums. For accounts sold through financial intermediaries, it is the primary responsibility of the financial intermediary to ensure compliance with investment minimums.
Buying Shares
Shares may be purchased,
exchanged or redeemed directly or through retirement plans, broker-dealers, bank trust departments, financial advisers or other financial intermediaries. Shares made available through full service broker-dealers may be available through wrap
accounts under which such broker-dealers impose additional fees for services connected to the wrap account.
Contact your financial intermediary or refer to your plan documents for instructions on how to purchase, exchange or redeem shares.
In order to buy, redeem or exchange shares at that days price, you must place your order with the Fund or its agent before the
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) closes (normally, 4 p.m. Eastern time). If the NYSE closes early, you must place your order prior to the actual closing time. Orders received by financial intermediaries prior to the close of trading on the
NYSE will be confirmed at the offering price computed as of the close of the trading on the NYSE. It is the responsibility of the financial intermediary to insure that all orders are transmitted in a timely manner to the Fund. Otherwise, you will
receive the next business days price.
Investors may be charged a fee if they effect transactions through broker or agent. The
Funds have authorized one or more brokers to receive on their behalf purchase and redemption orders. Such brokers are authorized to designate other intermediaries to receive purchase and redemption orders on a Funds behalf. A Fund will be
deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a brokers authorized designee, receives the order. Customer orders will be priced at a Funds net asset value next computed after they are
received by an authorized broker or the brokers authorized designee.
With certain limited exceptions, each Fund is available only to U.S.
citizens or residents.
Sales Charge When You Purchase Shares
Below is a summary of certain features of Class A and Class C shares:
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Class A
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Class C
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Initial Sales Charge
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Up to 4.75%*
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None
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Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (CDSC)
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None
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1.00% on redemptions within twelve months
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Distribution and Service Fees
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0.35%
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1.00%
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Dividends
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Generally higher than Class C due to lower annual expenses
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Generally lower than Class A due to higher annual expenses
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Typical Shareholder
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Generally more appropriate for long-term investors
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Generally more appropriate for short-term investors
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*based on the amount you invest in a Fund.
Class A Shares
The following table lists the sales charges that will be applied to your purchase of Class A shares, subject to the breakpoint discounts
indicated in the tables and described below. The offering price is the net asset value (NAV) per share plus the front-end sales load. Sales charges are not applicable to reinvestments of dividends or other distributions.
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Purchase Amount
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Sales Charge as a Percentage of:
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Dealer
Concession
as a
Percentage
of Offering
Price
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Offering Price
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NAV
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Less than $50,000
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4.75%
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4.99%
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4.25%
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$50,000 to $249,999.99
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3.75%
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3.90%
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3.25%
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$250,000 to $499,999.99
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2.75%
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2.83%
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2.50%
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$500,000 to $999,999.99
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2.25%
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2.30%
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2.00%
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$1 million or greater
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0.00%
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0.00%
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0.00%
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Class C Shares
There is no sales load on the purchase of Class C shares. The offering price is the NAV per share. A contingent deferred sales charge or CDSC of 1.00% may apply to Class C shares redeemed within the
first 12 months. See Section titled
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge
below. The maximum purchase amount for Class C shares is $999,999.99. Purchases of $1 million or more are invested in Class A shares because there is no
CDSC for shares held less than 12 months and Class A shares annual expenses are lower.
Institutional Class and Investor Class Shares
Institutional Class and Investor Class shares do not charge an initial sales load.
EMERALD FUNDS
Qualifying For A Reduction Or Waiver Of Class A Shares Sales Charge
You may be able to lower your Class A shares initial sales charge under certain circumstances. You can combine Class A shares you already
own with your current purchase of Class A shares of a Fund to take advantage of the breakpoints in the sales charge schedule as set forth above. Certain circumstances under which you may combine such ownership of shares and purchases are
described below. Contact your financial intermediary for more information.
In order to obtain a sales charge discount, you should
inform your financial intermediary of other accounts in which there are Fund holdings eligible to be aggregated to meet a sales charge breakpoint. These other accounts may include the accounts described below in Aggregating Accounts. You
may need to provide documents such as account statements or confirmation statements to prove that the accounts are eligible for aggregation. The Letter of Intent described below requires historical cost information in certain circumstances. You
should retain records necessary to show the price you paid to purchase Fund shares, as a Fund, its agents, or your financial intermediary may not retain this information.
A Fund may waive Class A sales charges on investor purchases including shares purchased by:
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Officers, directors, trustees and employees of the adviser and its affiliates;
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Registered representatives and employees of financial intermediaries with a current selling agreement with the Distributor or the adviser;
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Immediate family members of all such persons as described above; and
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Financial intermediary supermarkets and fee-based platforms.
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Right of Accumulation
You may purchase Class A shares at a reduced initial sales charge
determined by aggregating the dollar amount of the new purchase (measured by the offering price) and the total prior days net asset value (net amount invested) of all Class A shares of a Fund and of certain other classes then held by you, or
held in accounts identified under Aggregating Accounts, and applying the sales charge applicable to such aggregate amount. In order to obtain such discount, you must provide sufficient information to your financial intermediary at the
time of purchase to permit verification that the purchase qualifies for the reduced sales charge. The right of accumulation is subject to modification or discontinuance at any time with respect to all shares purchased thereafter.
Letter of Intent
You may obtain a reduced
initial sales charge on Class A shares by signing a Letter of Intent indicating your intention to purchase an additional number of Class A shares over a 13-month period that would entitle you to a discount. The term of the Letter of Intent
will commence upon the date you sign the Letter of Intent. You must refer to such Letter of Intent when placing orders. With regard to a Letter of Intent, the amount of investment for purposes of applying the sales load schedule includes
(i) the historical cost (what you actually paid for the shares at the time of purchase, including any sales charges) of all Class A shares acquired during the term of the Letter of Intent, minus (ii) the value of any redemptions of
Class A shares made during the term of the Letter of Intent. Each investment made during the period receives the reduced sales charge applicable to the total
amount of the investment goal. A portion of shares purchased may be held in escrow to pay for any
sales charge that may be applicable. If the goal is not achieved within the period, you must pay the difference between the sales charges applicable to the purchases made and the charges previously paid, or an appropriate number of escrowed shares
will be redeemed. Please contact your financial intermediary to obtain a Letter of Intent application.
Aggregating Accounts
To take advantage of lower Class A shares initial sales charges on large purchases or through the exercise of a Letter of Intent or right of
accumulation, investments made by you, your spouse and your children under age 21 may be aggregated if made for your own account(s) and/or certain other accounts such as:
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trust accounts established by the above individuals (or the accounts of the primary beneficiary of the trust if the person who established the trust is
deceased);
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solely controlled business accounts; and
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single participant retirement plans.
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To receive a reduced sales charge under rights of accumulation or a Letter of Intent, you must notify your financial intermediary of any eligible accounts that you, your spouse and your children under age 21 have
at the time of your purchase.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge
Class C Shares
There is a 1% CDSC on any Class C shares you sell within 12 months of
purchase. The CDSC will be based on the lower of the current market value or the cost of the shares being redeemed.
Waiver of CDSC
Each Fund may waive the imposition of a CDSC on redemption of Fund shares under certain circumstances and conditions, including
without limitation, the following:
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redemptions following the death or permanent disability (as defined by Section 72(m)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code) of a shareholder if made within one
year of death or the initial determination of permanent disability. The waiver is available only for shares held at the time of death or initial determination of permanent disability; and
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required minimum distributions from a tax-deferred retirement plan or an individual retirement account (IRA) as required under the Internal Revenue Code. The
waiver of the CDSC for required distributions will be as a percentage of assets held in the Fund.
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If you think you
may be eligible for a CDSC waiver, contact your financial intermediary. You must notify the Fund prior to the redemption request to ensure your receipt of the waiver.
Exchanging Shares
If you have held all or part of your shares in a Fund for at least seven days, you may exchange those shares for shares of the same class of any of the following funds if such Fund is available for sale in your
state and meets your investment criteria:
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Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
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Emerald Growth Fund
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If you are an existing shareholder of a Fund, you may exchange into a new account copying your existing account
registration and options. Exchanges between accounts will be accepted only if registrations are identical.
Exchanges must meet the
minimum investment requirements described in Investment Minimums above.
Before effecting an exchange, you should read the
prospectus for the fund into which you are exchanging.
An exchange represents the sale of shares from one fund and the purchase of
shares of another fund. Under the U.S. federal income tax law, this may produce a taxable gain or loss in your non-tax-deferred account. Transfers between classes of a single Fund are generally not considered a taxable transaction.
The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated upon sixty (60) days written notice to shareholders. Although initially there will
be no limit on the number of times you may exercise the exchange privilege, each Fund reserves the right to impose such a limitation. Call or write each Fund for further details.
Redeeming Shares
Redemptions, like purchases, may generally be effected directly or through
retirement plans, broker-dealers and financial intermediaries. Please contact your financial intermediary or refer to the appropriate plan documents for details. Your financial intermediary may charge a processing or service fee in connection with
the redemption of shares.
Redemption Payments
In all cases, your redemption price is the net asset value per share next determined after your request is received in good order. Redemption proceeds normally will be sent within seven days. However, if you
recently purchased your shares by check, your redemption proceeds will not be sent to you until your original check clears, which may take up to 10 business days. Your redemption proceeds can be sent by check to your address of record or by wire
transfer to a bank account designated on your application. Your bank may charge you a fee for wire transfers. Any request that your redemption proceeds be sent to a destination other than your bank account or address of record must be in writing and
must include a signature guarantee.
Redemptions In-Kind
Each Fund reserves the right to make payment in-kind of securities rather than cash. If a Fund deems it advisable for the benefit of all shareholders that a redemption payment wholly or partly in-kind would be in
the best interests of the
Funds remaining shareholders, the Fund may pay redemption proceeds to you in whole or in part
in-kind with securities held by the Fund. A redemption in-kind could occur under extraordinary circumstances, such as a very large redemption that could affect a Funds operations (for example, more than 1% of the Funds net assets).
However, each Fund is required to redeem shares solely for cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund during any 90-calendar day period for any one shareholder. Should redemptions by any shareholder exceed such limitation, each
Fund will have the option of redeeming the excess in cash or in-kind. Securities used to redeem Fund shares will be valued as described in How Fund Shares are Priced below. A shareholder may pay brokerage charges on the sale of any
securities received as a result of a redemption in-kind.
Note: Each Fund has the right to suspend or postpone redemptions of shares
for any period (i) during which the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings; (ii) during which trading on the NYSE is restricted; or (iii) during which (as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation) an
emergency exists as a result of which disposal or valuation of portfolio securities is not reasonably practicable, or as otherwise permitted by the SEC.
SHARE TR
ANSACTIONS
Small Account Balances/Mandatory Redemptions
None of the Funds currently imposes an account minimum. A Fund may adopt other policies from time to time requiring mandatory redemption of shares
in certain circumstances, such as to comply with new regulatory requirements. Each Fund reserves the right to waive or change account balance minimums.
Share Certificates
None of the Funds issues share
certificates.
Frequent Purchases and Sales of Fund Shares
The Funds do not permit market timing or other abusive trading practices. The Funds do not accommodate short-term or excessive trading that interferes with the efficient management of a Fund, significantly
increases transaction costs or taxes, or may harm a Funds performance. The Funds attempt to discover and discourage frequent trading in several ways. The Board has adopted policies and procedures designed to deter frequent purchases, exchanges
and redemptions and to seek to prevent market timing. To minimize harm to a Fund and its shareholders, the Fund reserves the right to reject, in its sole discretion, any purchase order from any investor it believes has a history of abusive trading
or whose trading, in its judgment, has been or may be disruptive to the Fund. Each Fund may also refuse purchase and exchange transactions from Fund intermediaries it believes may be facilitating or have facilitated abusive trading practices. In
making this judgment, each Fund may consider trading done in multiple accounts under common ownership or control.
The Funds monitors
trade activity monitoring (which may take into account transaction size), and fair value pricing (Monitoring Methods). Although these Monitoring Methods are designed to discourage frequent trading, there can be no guarantee that the
Funds will be able to identify and restrict investors that engage in such activities. These Monitoring Methods are inherently subjective,
EMERALD FUNDS
and involve a significant degree of judgment in their application. The Funds and their service providers seek to make these judgments and apply these methods uniformly and in a manner that they
believe is consistent with the interests of the Funds long-term shareholders. These frequent trading policies may be amended in the future to enhance the effectiveness of the program or in response to changes in regulatory requirements.
On a periodic basis, the Transfer Agent will review transaction history reports and will identify redemptions that are within a
specific time period from a previous purchase or exchange in the same account(s) in a Fund, or in multiple accounts that are known to be under common control. Redemptions meeting the criteria will be investigated for possible inappropriate trading.
Trading activity is evaluated to determine whether such activity is indicative of market timing activity or is otherwise detrimental to a Fund. If the Funds believe that a shareholder of a Fund has engaged in short-term or excessive trading activity
to the detriment of the Fund and its long-term shareholders, the Funds may, in their sole discretion, request the shareholder to stop such trading activities or refuse to process purchases or exchanges in the shareholders account. The Funds
specifically reserve the right to reject any purchase or exchange order by any investor or group of investors indefinitely for any reason.
The Funds currently are unable to directly monitor the trading activity of beneficial owners of the Funds shares who hold those shares through third-party 401(k) and other group retirement plans and other
omnibus arrangements maintained by other intermediaries. Omnibus accounts allow intermediaries to aggregate their customers investments in one account and to purchase, redeem and exchange Fund shares without the identity of a particular
customer being known to a Fund. A number of these financial intermediaries may not have the capability or may not be willing to apply the Funds frequent trading policies. Although they attempt to do so, the Funds cannot assure that these
policies will be enforced with regard to Fund shares held through such omnibus arrangements. The Funds have adopted procedures to fair value each Funds securities in certain circumstances when market prices are not readily available, including
when trading in a security is halted or suspended; when a securitys primary pricing source is unable or unwilling to provide a price; when a securitys primary trading market is closed during regular market hours; or when a
securitys value is materially affected by events occurring after the close of the securitys primary trading market. By fair valuing securities, the Funds seek to establish prices that investors might expect to realize upon the current
sales of these securities. For non-U.S. securities, fair valuation is intended to deter market timers who may take advantage of time zone differences between the close of the foreign markets on which a Funds portfolio securities trade and the
U.S. markets that determine the time as of which the Funds NAV is calculated. The Funds make fair value determinations in good faith in accordance with the Funds valuation procedures. Because of the subjective and variable nature of fair
value pricing, there can be no assurance that a Fund could obtain the fair value assigned to the security upon the sale of such security.
Shares held longest will be treated as being redeemed first and shares held shortest as being redeemed last. The fees are paid to the respective
Fund and are designed to help offset the brokerage commissions, market impact and other costs associated with short-term shareholder trading.
Due to the complexity and subjectivity involved in identifying market timing and other abusive
trading practices, there can be no assurance that a Funds efforts will identify all market timing or abusive trading activities. Therefore, investors should not assume that a Fund will be able to detect or prevent all practices that may
disadvantage the Fund.
How Fund Shares are Priced
The Board has approved procedures to be used to value each Funds securities for the purposes of determining the Funds NAV. The valuation of the securities of each Fund is determined in good faith by or
under the direction of the Board. The Board has delegated certain valuation functions for each Fund to the Administrator.
Each Fund
generally values its securities based on market prices determined at the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally, 4 p.m. Eastern time) on each business day (Monday through Friday). None of the Funds will value its securities on any day that
the NYSE is closed, including the following observed holidays: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Each Funds
currency valuations, if any, are done as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally, 4 p.m. Eastern time). For equity securities that are traded on an exchange, the market price is usually the closing sale or official closing price on
that exchange. In the case of securities not traded on an exchange, or if such closing prices are not otherwise available, the market price is typically determined by independent third party pricing vendors approved by the Funds Board using a
variety of pricing techniques and methodologies. The market price for debt obligations is generally the price supplied by an independent third-party pricing service approved by the Funds Board, which may use a matrix, formula or other
objective method that takes into consideration market indices, yield curves and other specific adjustments. Short-term debt obligations that will mature in 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, unless it is determined that using this method
would not reflect an investments fair value. If vendors are unable to supply a price, or if the price supplied is deemed to be unreliable, the market price may be determined using quotations received from one or more brokers/ dealers that make
a market in the security.
When such prices or quotations are not available, or when the Funds Adviser believes that they are
unreliable, securities will be priced using fair value procedures approved by the Board. Because each Fund invests in securities that may be thinly traded or for which market quotations may not be readily available or may be unreliable (such as
securities of small capitalization companies), each Fund may use fair valuation procedures more frequently than funds that invest primarily in securities that are more liquid (such as equity securities of large capitalization domestic issuers). Each
Fund may also use fair value procedures if its Adviser determines that a significant event has occurred between the time at which a market price is determined and the time at which the Funds net asset value is calculated. In particular, the
value of non-U.S. securities may be materially affected by events occurring after the close of the market on which they are traded, but before the Fund prices its shares.
Each Fund may determine the fair value of investments based on information provided by pricing services and other third-party vendors, which may recommend fair value prices or adjustments with reference to other
securities, indices
or assets. In considering whether fair value pricing is required and in determining fair values, each Fund may, among other things, consider significant events (which may be considered to include
changes in the value of U.S. securities or securities indices) that occur after the close of the relevant market and before the Fund values its securities. In addition, each Fund may utilize modeling tools provided by third-party vendors to
determine fair values of non-U.S. securities. Each Funds use of fair value pricing may help deter stale price arbitrage.
Valuing securities at fair value involves greater reliance on judgment than valuation of securities based on readily available market quotations. A fund that uses fair value to price securities may value those
securities higher or lower than another fund using market quotations or its own fair value methodologies to price the same securities. There can be no assurance that a Fund could obtain the fair value assigned to a security if it were to sell the
security at approximately the time at which the Fund determines its net asset value.
Each Fund invests, or may invest, in securities
that are traded on foreign exchanges or markets, which may be open when the NYSE is closed. As a result, the value of your investment in a Fund may change on days when you are unable to purchase or redeem shares.
Customer Identification Program
To help
the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires each Funds Transfer Agent to obtain certain personal information from you (or persons acting on your behalf) in order to verify your (or such
persons) identity when you open an account, including name, address, date of birth and other information (which may include certain documents) that will allow the Transfer Agent to verify your identity. If this information is not provided, the
Transfer Agent may not be able to open your account. If the Transfer Agent is unable to verify your identity (or that of another person authorized to act on your behalf) shortly after your account is opened, or believes it has identified potentially
criminal activity, each Fund, the Distributor and the Transfer Agent each reserve the right to reject further purchase orders from you or to take such other action as they deem reasonable or required by law, including closing your account and
redeeming your shares at their NAV at the time of redemption.
D
IVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Each Fund normally pays dividends, if any, on a quarterly basis. Each Fund generally distributes capital gains, if any, on an annual basis, with
certain other distributions from time to time as permitted by the 1940 Act and the Code.
Income dividend distributions are derived from
interest and other income each Fund receives from its investments and include distributions of short-term capital gains. Capital gain distributions are derived from gains realized when the Fund sells a security it has owned for more than a year.
Each Fund may make additional distributions and dividends at other times if the manager believes doing so may be necessary for a Fund
to avoid or reduce taxes. Distributions and dividends are reinvested in additional Fund shares unless you instruct the Transfer Agent to have your distributions and/or dividends paid by check mailed to the address of record or transferred through an
Automated Clearing House to the bank of your choice. You can change your choice at
any time to be effective as of the next distribution or dividend, except that any change given to the Transfer Agent less than five days before the payment date will not be effective until the
next distribution or dividend is made.
T
AXES
The discussion below only addresses the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Funds for U.S. persons and does not address
any foreign, state, or local tax consequences. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are:
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(i)
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U.S. citizens or residents;
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(iii)
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an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
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(iv)
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a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority
to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996.
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This discussion does not address issues of significance to U.S. persons in special situations such as: (i) certain types of tax-exempt
organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and
non-financial), (iv) financial institutions, (v) broker-dealers, (vi) entities not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, (vii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle
or conversion transaction, and (viii) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax. If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a
beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. For further information regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of
an investment in the Funds, investors should see the SAI under TAXES Taxation of the Fund.
Non-U.S. persons that are
considering the purchase of shares should consult with their own tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares in the Funds.
The Funds intend to meet all requirements under Subchapter M of the Code necessary to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company
(RIC) and thus do not expect to pay any U.S. federal income tax on income and capital gains distributed to shareholders. The Funds also intend to meet certain distribution requirements such that the Funds are not subject to U.S. federal
income tax in general. If a Fund does not meet the distribution requirements, that Fund may be subject to significant excise taxes. This discussion assumes that the Funds will satisfy these distribution requirements.
EMERALD FUNDS
Taxation of Fund Distributions
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, shareholders of RICs are generally subject to taxation based on the underlying character of the income and gain recognized by the RIC and distributed to shareholders.
Distributions of net capital gains that are properly designated by a Fund as capital gain dividends (capital gain
dividends) will be taxable to Fund shareholders as long-term capital gains. Generally, distributions of earnings derived from ordinary income and short-term capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income. The Funds do not expect a
significant portion of their distributions to derive from qualified dividend income, which for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013 will be taxed at favorable rates so long as certain requirements are met. Corporate
shareholders may be able to take a dividends-received deduction for a portion of the dividends received by a Fund; to the extent such dividends are received by a Fund from a domestic corporation and to the extent a portion of interest paid or
accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund are treated as dividends.
Each Fund may realize long-term capital
gains when it sells or redeems a security that it has owned for more than one year, when it receives capital gain distributions from ETFs in which that Fund owns investments, or from transactions in section 1256 contracts, which may generate both
short-term and long-term capital gains distributions. Each Fund may realize short-term capital gains from the sale of investments that such Fund owned for one year or less or from transactions in section 1256 contracts. Each Fund may realize
ordinary income from distributions from ETFs, from foreign currency gains that are not section 1256 contracts, from interest on indebtedness owned by a Fund and from other sources.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reduced
in general to a maximum rate of 15%. For more information, see the SAI under TAXES Taxation of Fund Distributions.
Distributions are taxable whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. If a dividend or distribution is made shortly after you purchase shares of a Fund, while in effect a return of
capital to you, the dividend or distribution is still taxable. You can avoid this, if you choose, by investing soon after such Fund has paid a dividend.
Sale of Fund Shares
A shareholder who
redeems shares in a Fund generally will recognize a capital gain or loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received in the redemption of the exchange (net of any applicable redemption fees) and the
shareholders aggregate adjusted basis in the shares surrendered. A shareholder who receives securities in redemption of shares of the Fund will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the shareholders adjusted
basis in the shares redeemed and the aggregate fair market value of the securities plus the amount of any cash received (net of any applicable fees). In certain circumstances a loss realized upon a redemption of shares of the Fund for securities in
kind may not be deducted currently under the rules governing wash sales. Persons redeeming shares should consult their own tax
advisor with respect to whether the wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Under current federal tax laws, any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of shares of the Fund is generally treated as long term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and
as a short term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for one year or less. In certain situations, a loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less will be a long term loss. For more information, see the SAI under TAXES
Exchange or Redemption of Shares.
Legislation passed by Congress in 2008 requires a fund (or its administrative agent) to
report to the IRS and furnish to fund shareholders the cost basis information for fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012, and sold on or after that date. In addition to the present law requirement to report the gross proceeds from
the sale of Fund shares, each Fund will also be required to report the cost basis information for such shares and indicate whether these shares had a short-term or long-term holding period. In the absence of an election by a shareholder to elect
from available IRS accepted cost basis methods, the Fund will use a default cost basis method that has not yet been determined. The cost basis method elected or applied may not be changed after the settlement date of a sale of Fund shares. Fund
shareholders should consult with their tax advisers concerning the most desirable IRS-accepted cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the new cost basis reporting law applies to them. The current law
requirement to report only the gross proceeds from the sale of Fund shares will continue to apply to all fund shares acquired through December 31, 2011, and sold on and after that date.
Taxation of Certain Investments
Each Funds investments in foreign securities may be
subject to foreign withholding or other taxes. In that case, such Funds yield on those securities would be decreased. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes,
although it is possible that a Fund may be able to elect to pass through foreign tax credits or deductions to its shareholders. Each Fund makes no assurances regarding its ability or willingness to so elect. In addition, each Funds investments
in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate such Funds recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of such Funds distributions. For more information, see the SAI under TAXES
Special Tax Considerations.
Each Fund may at times buy investments at a discount from the price at which they were originally
issued, especially during periods of rising interest rates. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the original issue discount will be included in such Funds ordinary income. Even though payment of that amount is not received until a later
time, related distributions will be taxed to shareholders as ordinary income. Each Fund may also buy investments in the secondary market which are treated as having market discount. Generally, gain recognized on the disposition of such an investment
is treated as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the accrued market discount, but each Fund may elect instead to currently include the amount of market discount as ordinary income even though such Fund does not
receive payment of such amount at that time. Each Funds investments in certain debt obligations, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and derivatives may also cause such Fund to recognize taxable income in excess of the cash
generated by such obligations.
Thus, the Funds could be required at times to liquidate other investments in order to satisfy their
distribution requirements, potentially increasing the amount of capital gain dividends made to shareholders.
Backup Withholding
The Funds are also required in certain circumstances to apply backup withholding on taxable dividends, redemption proceeds and certain other
payments that are paid to any shareholder who does not furnish to certain information and certifications the Funds or who is otherwise subject to backup withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is 28% for amounts paid on or before
December 31, 2012 and, under current law, will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2012. For more information regarding backup withholding and new U.S. federal income tax legislation, see the SAI under TAXES Backup
Withholding and TAXES Recently Enacted Legislation.
You should consult with your tax advisor regarding the
U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of an investment in the Funds.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance for the past years. The information
reflects financial results for shares of the Forward Banking and Finance Fund and the Forward Growth Fund (each a Predecessor Fund and collectively the Predecessor Funds), each a series of Forward Funds, a Delaware statutory
trust. The Forward Banking and Finance Fund is the Predecessor Fund to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, and the Forward Growth Fund is the Predecessor Fund to the Emerald Growth Fund. The total returns in the tables represent the rate that an
investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Predecessor Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). On or about March 16, 2012 (the Reorganization Date), the Predecessor Funds are expected to
each participate in a tax-free reorganization. Through the reorganizations, each Predecessor Fund is expected to merge into the corresponding newly created Fund. Each Fund will carry over the historic performance and financial statements of the
corresponding Predecessor Fund. The Forward Banking and Finance Fund commenced operations on February 18, 1997 and the Forward Growth Fund commenced operations on October 1, 1992.
EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND
Institutional Class shares of the Predecessor Fund to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund have not been offered during the periods shown. As a consequence, financial highlights for the Institutional Class are not
provided here.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CLASS A
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2010
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2009
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2008
(a)
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2007
|
Net asset value, beginning of
period
|
|
|
$
|
15.89
|
|
|
|
$
|
13.62
|
|
|
|
$
|
15.39
|
|
|
|
$
|
19.61
|
|
|
|
$
|
28.81
|
|
Income/(loss) from operations:
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income/(loss)
|
|
|
|
(0.03
|
)
(c)
|
|
|
|
(0.04
|
)
|
|
|
|
0.02
|
(c)
|
|
|
|
0.08
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on
investments
|
|
|
|
(0.70
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.31
|
|
|
|
|
(1.76
|
)
|
|
|
|
(4.28
|
)
|
|
|
|
(5.86
|
)
|
Total from
Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
(0.73
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.27
|
|
|
|
|
(1.74
|
)
|
|
|
|
(4.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
(5.91
|
)
|
Less distributions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From investment income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.02
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
From capital gains
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3.30
|
)
|
Total
Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.02
|
)
|
|
|
|
(3.30
|
)
|
Redemption fees
added to paid in capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
Net
increase/(decrease) in net asset value
|
|
|
|
(0.73
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.27
|
|
|
|
|
(1.77
|
)
|
|
|
|
(4.22
|
)
|
|
|
|
(9.20
|
)
|
Net asset value,
end of period
|
|
|
$
|
15.16
|
|
|
|
$
|
15.89
|
|
|
|
$
|
13.62
|
|
|
|
$
|
15.39
|
|
|
|
$
|
19.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total return
(d)
|
|
|
|
(4.59
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(16.67
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(11.29
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(21.41
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(20.92
|
)%
|
Ratios/supplemental data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (in 000s)
|
|
|
$
|
20,412
|
|
|
|
$
|
26,756
|
|
|
|
$
|
22,675
|
|
|
|
$
|
48,460
|
|
|
|
$
|
64,560
|
|
Ratios to average net assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income/(loss)
|
|
|
|
(0.22
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.22
|
)%
|
|
|
|
0.15
|
%
|
|
|
|
0.36
|
%
|
|
|
|
(0.14
|
)%
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
1.90
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.95
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.88
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.65
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.69
|
%
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
|
27
|
%
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
|
43
|
%
|
|
|
|
61
|
%
|
|
|
|
29
|
%
|
(a)
|
Prior to May 1, 2008, the Forward Banking and Finance Fund was known as the Forward Emerald Banking and Finance Fund.
|
(b)
|
The amount shown for a share outstanding throughout the period may not correlate with the Statement of Operations for the period due to the timing of sales and redemptions of Fund shares in relation
to income earned and/or fluctuating market value of the investments of the Fund.
|
(c)
|
Per share amounts are based upon average shares outstanding.
|
(d)
|
Total return does not reflect the effect of sales charges.
|
EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND
CLASS C
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2010
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2009
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2008
(a)
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2007
|
Net asset value, beginning of period
|
|
|
$
|
14.82
|
|
|
|
$
|
12.77
|
|
|
|
$
|
14.52
|
|
|
|
$
|
18.60
|
|
|
|
$
|
27.71
|
|
Income/(loss) from
operations:
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss
|
|
|
|
(0.11
|
)
(c)
|
|
|
|
(0.18
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.19
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.19
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments
|
|
|
|
(0.65
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.23
|
|
|
|
|
(1.56
|
)
|
|
|
|
(3.89
|
)
|
|
|
|
(5.53
|
)
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
(0.76
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.05
|
|
|
|
|
(1.75
|
)
|
|
|
|
(4.08
|
)
|
|
|
|
(5.82
|
)
|
Less distributions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From capital gains
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3.30
|
)
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3.30
|
)
|
Redemption fees added to paid in capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
Net increase/(decrease) in net asset value
|
|
|
|
(0.76
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.05
|
|
|
|
|
(1.75
|
)
|
|
|
|
(4.08
|
)
|
|
|
|
(9.11
|
)
|
Net asset value, end of period
|
|
|
$
|
14.06
|
|
|
|
$
|
14.82
|
|
|
|
$
|
12.77
|
|
|
|
$
|
14.52
|
|
|
|
$
|
18.60
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
return
(d)
|
|
|
|
(5.13
|
)%
|
|
|
|
16.05
|
%
|
|
|
|
(12.05
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(21.94
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(21.43
|
)%
|
Ratios/supplemental data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (in 000s)
|
|
|
$
|
13,675
|
|
|
|
$
|
17,872
|
|
|
|
$
|
16,607
|
|
|
|
$
|
23,486
|
|
|
|
$
|
41,441
|
|
Ratios to average net assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income/(loss)
|
|
|
|
(0.77
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.77
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.47
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.30
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.79
|
)%
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
2.45
|
%
|
|
|
|
2.50
|
%
|
|
|
|
2.49
|
%
|
|
|
|
2.30
|
%
|
|
|
|
2.34
|
%
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
|
27
|
%
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
|
43
|
%
|
|
|
|
61
|
%
|
|
|
|
29
|
%
|
(a)
|
Prior to May 1, 2008, the Forward Banking and Finance Fund was known as the Forward Emerald
Banking and Finance Fund.
|
(b)
|
The amount shown for a share outstanding throughout the period may not correlate with the
Statement of Operations for the period due to the timing of sales and redemptions of Fund shares in relation to income earned and/or fluctuating market value of the investments of the Fund.
|
(c)
|
Per share amounts are based upon average shares outstanding.
|
(d)
|
Total return does not reflect the effect of sales charges.
|
EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND
INVESTOR CLASS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
|
|
Year
Ended
December 31, 2010
(a)
|
Net asset value, beginning of period
|
|
|
$
|
15.14
|
|
|
|
$
|
14.85
|
|
Income/(loss) from
operations:
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income/(loss)
(c)
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
|
(0.02
|
)
|
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments
|
|
|
|
(0.71
|
)
|
|
|
|
0.31
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
(0.64
|
)
|
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
Net increase/(decrease) in net asset value
|
|
|
|
(0.64
|
)
|
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
Net asset value, end of period
|
|
|
$
|
14.50
|
|
|
|
$
|
15.14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total return
|
|
|
|
(4.23
|
)%
|
|
|
|
1.95
|
%
(d)
|
Ratios/supplemental data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (in 000s)
|
|
|
$
|
136
|
|
|
|
$
|
4
|
|
Ratios to average net assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income/(loss)
|
|
|
|
0.47
|
%
|
|
|
|
(0.20
|
)%
(e)
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
1.48
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.83
|
%
(e)
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
|
27
|
%
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
(f)
|
(a
)
|
The Fund began offering Investor Class shares on March 16, 2010.
|
(b)
|
The amount shown for a share outstanding throughout the period may not correlate with the
Statement of Operations for the period due to the timing of sales and redemptions of Fund shares in relation to income earned and/or fluctuating market value of the investments of the Fund.
|
(c)
|
Per share amounts are based upon average shares outstanding.
|
(f
)
|
Portfolio turnover rate is calculated at the Fund level and represents the year ended
December 31, 2010.
|
EMERALD GROWTH FUND
CLASS A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2010
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2009
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2008
(a)
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2007
|
Net asset value, beginning of period
|
|
|
$
|
13.57
|
|
|
|
$
|
10.63
|
|
|
|
$
|
7.99
|
|
|
|
$
|
12.73
|
|
|
|
$
|
13.90
|
|
Income/(loss) from operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss
|
|
|
|
(0.14
|
)
(b)
|
|
|
|
(0.12
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.11
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.11
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.13
|
)
|
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
3.06
|
|
|
|
|
2.75
|
|
|
|
|
(4.59
|
)
|
|
|
|
0.44
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.94
|
|
|
|
|
2.64
|
|
|
|
|
(4.70
|
)
|
|
|
|
0.31
|
|
Less distributions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From capital gains
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.04
|
)
|
|
|
|
(1.48
|
)
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.04
|
)
|
|
|
|
(1.48
|
)
|
Redemption fees added to paid in capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00
|
(c)
|
Net increase/(decrease) in net asset value
|
|
|
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.94
|
|
|
|
|
2.64
|
|
|
|
|
(4.74
|
)
|
|
|
|
(1.17
|
)
|
Net asset value, end of period
|
|
|
$
|
13.37
|
|
|
|
$
|
13.57
|
|
|
|
$
|
10.63
|
|
|
|
$
|
7.99
|
|
|
|
$
|
12.73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
return
(d)
|
|
|
|
(1.47
|
)%
|
|
|
|
27.66
|
%
|
|
|
|
33.04
|
%
|
|
|
|
(36.91
|
)%
|
|
|
|
1.97
|
%
|
Ratios/supplemental data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (in 000s)
|
|
|
$
|
37,008
|
|
|
|
$
|
46,785
|
|
|
|
$
|
51,177
|
|
|
|
$
|
92,675
|
|
|
|
$
|
174,019
|
|
Ratios to average net assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss including reimbursement/
waiver
|
|
|
|
(1.03
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.85
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(1.03
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.95
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.96
|
)%
|
Operating expenses including reimbursement/
waiver
|
|
|
|
1.29
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.29
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.29
|
%
(e)
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
Operating expenses excluding reimbursement/
waiver
|
|
|
|
1.36
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.41
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.38
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.35
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.36
|
%
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
|
75
|
%
|
|
|
|
78
|
%
|
|
|
|
113
|
%
|
|
|
|
108
|
%
|
|
|
|
76
|
%
|
(a)
|
Prior to May 1, 2008, the Forward Growth Fund was known as the Forward Emerald Growth Fund.
|
(b)
|
Per share amounts are based upon average shares outstanding.
|
(c)
|
Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.
|
(d)
|
Total return does not reflect the effect of sales charges.
|
(e
)
|
Effective January 1, 2009, the Advisor agreed to limit expenses at 1.29%.
|
EMERALD GROWTH FUND
CLASS C
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
2011
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
2010
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
2009
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
2008
(a)
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
2007
|
Net asset value, beginning of period
|
|
|
|
$ 12.58
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 9.92
|
|
|
|
$ 7.49
|
|
|
|
$ 12.03
|
|
|
|
$ 13.30
|
Income/(loss) from operations:
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss
|
|
|
|
(0.22)
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.03)
|
|
|
|
(0.36)
|
|
|
|
(0.48)
|
|
|
|
(0.23)
|
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments
|
|
|
|
(0.05)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.69
|
|
|
|
2.79
|
|
|
|
(4.02)
|
|
|
|
0.44
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
(0.27)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.66
|
|
|
|
2.43
|
|
|
|
(4.50)
|
|
|
|
0.21
|
Less distributions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From capital gains
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
|
(1.48)
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
|
(1.48)
|
Redemption fees added to paid in capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00
(c)
|
Net increase/(decrease) in net asset value
|
|
|
|
(0.27)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.66
|
|
|
|
2.43
|
|
|
|
(4.54)
|
|
|
|
(1.27)
|
Net asset value, end of period
|
|
|
|
$ 12.31
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 12.58
|
|
|
|
$ 9.92
|
|
|
|
$ 7.49
|
|
|
|
$ 12.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
return
(d)
|
|
|
|
(2.15)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
26.81%
|
|
|
|
32.44%
|
|
|
|
(37.40)%
|
|
|
|
1.31%
|
Ratios/supplemental data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (in 000s)
|
|
|
|
$ 2,743
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 2,812
|
|
|
|
$ 2,555
|
|
|
|
$ 2,623
|
|
|
|
$ 8,593
|
Ratios to average net assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss including reimbursement/
waiver
|
|
|
|
(1.68)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.48)%
|
|
|
|
(1.68)%
|
|
|
|
(1.65)%
|
|
|
|
(1.61)%
|
Operating expenses including reimbursement/
waiver
|
|
|
|
1.94%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.94%
|
|
|
|
1.94%
(e)
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
Operating expenses excluding reimbursement/
waiver
|
|
|
|
2.01%
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.06%
|
|
|
|
2.04%
|
|
|
|
2.04%
|
|
|
|
2.01%
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
|
75%
|
|
|
|
|
|
78%
|
|
|
|
113%
|
|
|
|
108%
|
|
|
|
76%
|
(a)
|
Prior to May 1, 2008, the Forward Growth Fund was known as the Forward Emerald Growth Fund.
|
(b)
|
Per share amounts are based upon average shares outstanding.
|
(c)
|
Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.
|
(d)
|
Total return does not reflect the effect of sales charges.
|
(e)
|
Effective January 1, 2009, the Advisor agreed to limit expenses at 1.94%.
|
EMERALD GROWTH FUND
INSTITUTIONAL CLASS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2010
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2009
|
|
Year
Ended
December 31, 2008
(a)(b)
|
Net asset value, beginning of period
|
|
|
$
|
13.67
|
|
|
|
$
|
10.68
|
|
|
|
$
|
8.00
|
|
|
|
$
|
9.03
|
|
Income/(loss) from operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss
|
|
|
|
(0.10
|
)
(c)
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.17
|
)
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
3.05
|
|
|
|
|
2.85
|
|
|
|
|
(0.98
|
)
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
(0.16
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.99
|
|
|
|
|
2.68
|
|
|
|
|
(0.99
|
)
|
Less distributions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From capital gains
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.04
|
)
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.04
|
)
|
Net increase/(decrease) in net asset value
|
|
|
|
(0.16
|
)
|
|
|
|
2.99
|
|
|
|
|
2.68
|
|
|
|
|
(1.03
|
)
|
Net asset value, end of period
|
|
|
$
|
13.51
|
|
|
|
$
|
13.67
|
|
|
|
$
|
10.68
|
|
|
|
$
|
8.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total return
|
|
|
|
(1.17
|
)%
|
|
|
|
28.00
|
%
|
|
|
|
33.50
|
%
|
|
|
|
(10.95
|
)%
(d)
|
Ratios/supplemental data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (in 000s)
|
|
|
$
|
64,930
|
|
|
|
$
|
64,880
|
|
|
|
$
|
47,091
|
|
|
|
$
|
908
|
|
Ratios to average net assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss including reimbursement/waiver
|
|
|
|
(0.72
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.52
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.73
|
)%
|
|
|
|
(0.45
|
)%
(e)
|
Operating expenses including reimbursement/waiver
|
|
|
|
0.99
|
%
|
|
|
|
0.99
|
%
|
|
|
|
0.99
|
%
(f)
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
Operating expenses excluding reimbursement/waiver
|
|
|
|
1.06
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.11
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.08
|
%
|
|
|
|
1.08
|
%
(e)
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
|
75
|
%
|
|
|
|
78
|
%
|
|
|
|
113
|
%
|
|
|
|
108
|
%
(g)
|
(a)
|
The Fund began offering Institutional Class shares on October 21, 2008.
|
(b)
|
Prior to May 1, 2008, the Forward Growth Fund was known as the Forward Emerald Growth Fund.
|
(c)
|
Per share amounts are based upon average shares outstanding.
|
(f)
|
Effective January 1, 2009, the Advisor agreed to limit expenses at 0.99%.
|
(g)
|
Portfolio turnover rate is calculated at the Fund level and represents the year ended December 31, 2008.
|
EMERALD GROWTH FUND
INVESTOR CLASS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
(a)
|
Net asset value, beginning of period
|
|
|
$
|
15.74
|
|
Income/(loss) from
operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income/(loss)
(b)
|
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)
|
Net realized and unrealized
gain/(loss) on investments
|
|
|
|
(2.30
|
)
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
(2.39
|
)
|
Net (decrease) in net asset value
|
|
|
|
(2.39
|
)
|
Net asset value, end of period
|
|
|
$
|
13.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total return
|
|
|
|
(15.18
|
)%
(c)
|
Ratios/supplemental
data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (in
000s)
|
|
|
$
|
879
|
|
Ratios to average net
assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss including
reimbursement/waiver
|
|
|
|
(1.00
|
)%
(d)
|
Operating expenses including
reimbursement/waiver
|
|
|
|
1.34
|
%
(d)
|
Operating expenses excluding
reimbursement/waiver
|
|
|
|
1.43
|
%
(d)
|
Portfolio turnover
rate
|
|
|
|
75
|
%
(e)
|
(a)
|
The Fund began offering Investor Class shares on May 2, 2011.
|
(b)
|
Per share amounts are based upon average shares outstanding.
|
(e)
|
Portfolio turnover is calculated at the Fund level and represents the year ended December 31,
2011.
|
|
|
|
FACTS
|
|
WHAT DO EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND AND EMERALD GROWTH FUND (EACH, A FUND) DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL
INFORMATION?
|
WHY?
|
|
Financial companies choose how they share your personal information. Federal law gives consumers the right to limit some but not
all sharing. Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect your personal information. Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do.
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WHAT?
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The types of personal information we collect and share depend on the product or service you have with us. This information can include:
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Social security number and income;
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Account balances and transaction history;
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Assets and investment experience.
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HOW ?
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All financial companies need to share customers personal information to run their everyday
business. In the section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers personal information; the reasons the Funds choose to share such information; and whether you can limit this sharing
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Reasons we can share your personal information
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Does Emerald Banking and
Finance Fund or Emerald Growth
Fund Share?
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Can you limit this sharing?
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For our everyday business purposes
such as to process your
transactions, maintain your account(s), respond to court orders and legal investigations, or report to credit bureaus
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Yes
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No
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For our marketing purposes
to offer our products and services to
you
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No
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We do not share.
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For joint marketing with other financial companies
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No
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We do not share.
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For our affiliates everyday
business purposes
information about your transactions and experiences
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Yes
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No.
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For our affiliates everyday
business purposes
information about your creditworthiness
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No
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We do not share.
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For nonaffiliates to market to you
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No
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We do not share.
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QUESTIONS?
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Call 1-855- 828-9909 or go to www.emeraldmutualfunds.com.
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WHO WE ARE
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Who is providing this notice?
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Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and Emerald Growth Fund
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WHAT WE DO
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How does each Fund protect my personal information?
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To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use security measures that comply with federal law.
These measures include computer safeguards and secured files and buildings.
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How does each Fund collect my personal information?
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We collect your personal information, for example, when you
open an account
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provide account information or give us your contact information
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make a wire transfer or deposit money
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Why cant I limit all sharing?
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Federal law gives you the right to limit only
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sharing for affiliates everyday business purposes information about your
creditworthiness
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affiliates from using your information to market to you
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sharing for non-affiliates to market to you
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State laws and individual companies may give you additional rights to limit sharing.
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DEFINITIONS
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Affiliates
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Companies related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies.
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Non-affiliates
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Companies not related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies.
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The Funds do not share with non-affiliates so they can market to
you.
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Joint marketing
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A formal agreement between non-affiliated financial companies that together market financial products or services to you.
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The Funds do not jointly market.
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EMERALD BANKING AND FINANCE FUND
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EMERALD GROWTH FUND
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STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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March 15, 2012
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Ticker
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Name of Fund
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Class A
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Class C
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Institutional
Class
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Investor
Class
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Emerald Banking and Finance
Fund
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HSSAX
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HSSCX
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HSSIX
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FFBFX
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Emerald Growth Fund
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HSPGX
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HSPCX
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FGROX
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FFGRX
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P.O. Box 8556
Denver, CO 80201
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This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) expands upon and supplements the information contained in the current Prospectuses for
Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Institutional Class Shares and Investor Class Shares (collectively, the Shares) of the Funds listed above, each of which is a separate series of Financial Investors Trust, a Delaware statutory trust
(the Trust). Each of these series of the Trust represents shares of beneficial interest in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets with its own objective and policies. Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (Emerald
or the Adviser) is the investment adviser of each Fund.
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This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a prospectus and is only authorized for distribution when preceded or accompanied
by the Funds current prospectus dated March 15, 2012, as supplemented from time to time (the Prospectus). This SAI supplements and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, a copy of which may be obtained without
charge by writing the Funds at the address listed above, or by calling the Funds transfer agent at 1-855-828-9909. The Funds most recent Annual Report is incorporated by reference into this SAI and can be obtained free of charge, by
calling the toll-free number printed above.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CLASSIFICATION, INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
Financial Investors Trust
This Statement of Additional Information (the SAI) includes information about the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund (each a Fund and collectively the
Funds). Each Fund is a series of the Financial Investors Trust (the Trust), an open-end, management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on November 30, 1993. The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
and the Emerald Growth Fund are successors to the Forward Banking and Finance Fund and the Forward Growth Fund, respectively (each a Predecessor Fund).
Classification
The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the
1940 Act), classifies mutual funds as either diversified or non-diversified. The following table shows each Funds classification:
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Fund Name
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Classification
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Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
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Diversified
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Emerald Growth Fund
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Diversified
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What are the Funds Investment Objectives?
The following table indicates each Funds investment objective:
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Fund Name
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Investment
Objective
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Emerald Banking and Finance
Fund
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The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
seeks long-term growth through capital appreciation. Income is a secondary objective.
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Emerald Growth Fund
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The Emerald Growth Fund seeks
long-term growth through capital appreciation.
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While there is no assurance that each Fund will achieve its investment objective, each Fund endeavors to
do so by following the strategies and policies described in this prospectus.
Each Funds Board of Trustees (the
Board) may change its investment objective without a shareholder vote. Each Fund will notify you in writing at least sixty (60) days before making any such change. If there is a material change to a Funds objective, you should
consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment for you.
1
What are each Funds Principal Investment Strategies?
The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
Under normal conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes, if any, in a portfolio of equity securities (
i.e.
, common stock, preferred stock,
etc.) of companies principally engaged in the banking or financial services industries.
The Fund will usually emphasize small
or medium market capitalization companies: those with a market capitalization of less than $1.5 billion. In addition, the Fund will invest not less than 25% of its net assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the banking industry and
not less than 25% of its net assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the financial services industry. A company is defined as principally engaged in the banking or financial services industries if: a majority of the
revenues or earnings were derived from the creation or sale of banking or financial services products; or a majority of the assets were devoted to such activities, based on the companys most recent fiscal year.
Companies in the banking industry are defined to include U.S. commercial and industrial banking and savings institutions and their parent
holding companies. Companies in the financial services industry are defined to include commercial and industrial finance companies, diversified financial services companies, investment banking, securities brokerage and investment advisory companies,
real estate investment trusts, insurance and insurance holding companies, and leasing companies.
Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers
Trust (Emerald or the Adviser) utilizes a growth approach to choosing securities based upon fundamental research which attempts to identify companies whose earnings growth rate exceeds that of their peer group, exhibit a
competitive advantage in niche markets, or do not receive significant coverage from other institutional investors.
The
requirement that the Fund invest at least 80% of its net assets plus borrowings in certain types of securities, pursuant to Rule 35d-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) is applied at the time the Fund
invests its assets. If, subsequent to an investment by the Fund, this requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this requirement. The Funds policy to
invest at least 80% of its assets in such a manner is non-fundamental, which means that it may be changed without shareholder approval. The 80% investment policy of the Fund may be changed at any time by the Board of Trustees. Shareholders will be
given written notice at least 60 days prior to any change by the Fund of its 80% investment policy covered by Rule 35d-1.
The Emerald
Growth Fund
Under normal conditions, the Fund typically invests in equity securities, including common stocks,
preferred stocks, and securities convertible into common or preferred stocks.
The Fund utilizes a fundamental approach to
choosing securities: the research staff of Emerald conducts company-specific research analysis to identify companies whose earnings growth rate exceeds that of their peer group. Companies with perceived leadership positions and competitive
advantages in niche markets that do not receive significant coverage from other institutional investors are favored.
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The Fund can invest in companies from a wide range of industries and of various sizes. This
includes smaller companies, which are defined by the Adviser as those having a market capitalization equal to or less than that of the largest companies in the Russell 2000 Index.
Both Funds
Each Funds Board of Trustees (the
Board) may change its principal investment strategies without a shareholder vote. Each Fund will notify you in writing at least sixty (60) days before making any such change. If there is a material change to a Funds principal
investment strategies, you should consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment for you.
IN
VESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS APPLICABLE TO THE FUNDS
Both Funds
Cash Position
Each
Fund may not always stay fully invested in stocks or bonds. For example, when the portfolio manager believes that market conditions are unfavorable for profitable investing, or when the portfolio manager is otherwise unable to locate attractive
investment opportunities, a Funds cash or similar investments may increase. In other words, cash or similar investments generally are a residual they represent the assets that remain after a Fund has committed available assets to
desirable investment opportunities. When a Funds investments in cash or similar investments increase, it may not participate in market advance or declines to the same extent that it would if that Fund remained more fully invested in stocks or
bonds.
Equity Securities
The risks associated with investing in equity securities of companies include the financial risk of selecting individual companies that do not perform as anticipated, the risk that the stock markets in
which the Fund invests may experience periods of turbulence and instability, and the general risk that domestic and global economies may go through periods of decline and cyclical change.
Managed Portfolio Risk
The Advisers investment strategies or choice
of specific securities may be unsuccessful and may cause the Fund to incur losses.
Small and Medium Capitalization Stocks
Investment in securities of smaller companies presents greater investment risks than investing in the securities of larger companies.
These risks include greater price volatility, greater sensitivity to changing economic conditions, and less liquidity than the securities of larger, more mature companies.
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Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
Banking and Financial Services-Related Investment
The banking and
financial services industries are comparatively narrow segments of the economy. Entities in these industries may be subject to additional risks such as increased competition within the sector or changes in legislation or government regulations. In
addition, entities in these industries are particularly vulnerable to certain factors affecting the industries as a whole, such as the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt
defaults, and price competition.
Concentration
The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund concentrates its investments in issuers of one or more particular industries to the extent permitted by applicable regulatory guidance. There is a risk that those
issuers (or industry sector) will perform poorly and negatively impact the Fund. Concentration risk results from maintaining exposure (long or short) to issuers conducting business in a specific industry. The risk of concentrating investments in a
limited number of issuers in a particular industry is that the Fund will be more susceptible to the risks associated with that industry than a fund that does not concentrate its investments.
Emerald Growth Fund
Portfolio Turnover
The Emerald Growth Fund is generally expected to engage in frequent and active trading of portfolio securities to achieve its investment
objective. A higher turnover rate (100% or more) will involve correspondingly greater transaction costs, which will be borne directly by the Fund, may have an adverse impact on performance, and may increase the potential for more taxable
distributions being paid to shareholders, including short-term capital gains that are taxed at ordinary income rates. To the extent a Fund engages in short sales (which are not included in calculating the portfolio turnover rate), the transaction
costs incurred by a Fund are likely to be greater than the transaction costs incurred by a mutual fund that does not take short positions and has a similar portfolio turnover rate.
AD
DITIONAL INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AND RISKS APPLICABLE TO THE FUNDS
Each Fund may also invest in certain types of securities as discussed below. In addition, each Fund may be subject to additional risks in
connection with its investments in such securities or as a result of each Funds investment strategies. The following is not meant to be an exclusive list of all the securities and instruments in which each Fund may invest, the investment
strategies in which it may engage, or the risks associated with both. Each Fund may invest in instruments and securities and engage in strategies other than those listed below, and may be subject to risks that are not described here.
Bank Obligations
Bank
obligations that may be purchased by each Fund include certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and fixed time deposits. A certificate of deposit is a short-term negotiable certificate issued by a commercial bank against funds
deposited in the bank and is either interest-bearing or purchased on a discount basis. A bankers acceptance is a short-term draft drawn on a commercial bank by a
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borrower, usually in connection with an international commercial transaction. The borrower is liable for payment, as is the bank, which unconditionally guarantees to pay the draft at its
face amount on the maturity date. Fixed time deposits are obligations of branches of U.S. or non-U.S. banks which are payable at a stated maturity date and bear a fixed rate of interest. Although fixed time deposits do not have a market,
there are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in the deposit to a third party. Bank obligations may be general obligations of the parent bank or may be limited to the issuing branch by the terms of the
specific obligations or by government regulation. Securities issued or guaranteed by non-U.S. banks and non-U.S. branches of U.S. banks are subject to many of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities generally.
Banks are subject to extensive governmental regulations which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial
commitments which may be made and interest rates and fees which may be charged. The profitability of this industry is to a significant extent dependent upon the availability and cost of capital of funds used by the bank to finance its lending
operations. Also, general economic conditions play an important part in the operations of this industry and exposure to credit losses arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers might affect a banks ability to meet its
obligations.
Combined Transactions
Each Fund may enter into multiple transactions, including multiple options transactions, multiple futures transactions, multiple currency transactions (including forward currency contracts), multiple
interest rate transactions and any combination of futures, options, currency and interest rate transactions, instead of a single derivative, as part of a single or combined strategy when, in the judgment of the Adviser, it is in the best
interests of the Fund to do so. A combined transaction will usually contain elements of risk that are present in each of its component transactions. Although combined transactions will normally be entered into by a Fund based on the Advisers
judgment that the combined strategies will reduce risk or otherwise more effectively achieve the desired portfolio management goal, it is possible that the combination will instead increase the risks or hinder achievement of the Funds
investment objective.
Convertible Securities
Each Fund may invest in convertible securities, which are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stock or other securities, which may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of
the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the
convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities ordinarily provide a stream of income, which generate higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers but
lower than the yield on non-convertible debt. Convertible securities are usually subordinate or are comparable to non-convertible securities but rank senior to common stock or shares in a companys capital structure. The value of a
convertible security is a function of (i) its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege and (ii) its worth, at market value, if converted into the
underlying common stock. Convertible securities are typically issued by smaller capitalized companies whose stock prices may be volatile. The price of a convertible security often reflects such variations in the price of the underlying
common stock in a way that non-convertible debt does not. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible securitys governing instrument.
Common Stock
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Common stocks are shares of a corporation or other entity that entitle the holder to a pro
rata share of the profits of the corporation, if any, without preference over any other shareholder or class of shareholders, including holders of the entitys preferred stock and other senior equity. Common stock usually carries with it
the right to vote and frequently an exclusive right to do so.
Common stocks of companies that the Adviser believes have
earnings that will grow faster than the economy as a whole are known as growth stocks. Growth stocks typically trade at higher multiples of current earnings than other stocks. As a result, the values of growth stocks may be more sensitive to
changes in current or expected earnings than the values of other stocks. If the Advisers assessment of the prospects for a companys earnings growth is wrong, or if its judgment of how other investors will value the companys
earnings growth is wrong, then the price of that companys stock may fall or may not approach the value that the Adviser has placed on it.
Common stocks of companies that are not expected to experience significant earnings growth, but whose stocks the Adviser believes are undervalued compared to their true worth, are known as value stocks.
These companies may have experienced adverse business developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused their stocks to be out of favor. If the Sub-Advisers assessment of a companys prospects is wrong, or if
other investors do not eventually recognize the value of the company, then the price of the companys stocks may fall or may not approach the value that the Adviser has placed on it.
Many stocks have both growth and value characteristics, and for some stocks it may be unclear which
category, if any, it fits into. Each Funds investment process is biased toward value.
Credit Default Swaps
Each Fund may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging purposes or to add leverage to its portfolio. When used for
hedging purposes, a Fund would be the buyer of a credit default swap contract. In that case, the Fund would be entitled to receive the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation, index or other investment from the counterparty
to the contract in the event of a default by a third party, such as a U.S. or foreign issuer, on the referenced debt obligation. In return, the Fund would pay to the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided
that no event of default has occurred. If no default occurs, the Fund would have spent the stream of payments and received no benefit from the contract. When a Fund is the seller of a credit default swap contract, it receives the stream of payments
but is obligated to pay upon default of the referenced debt obligation. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the
notional amount of the swap.
In addition to the risks applicable to derivatives generally, credit default swaps involve
special risks because they are difficult to value, are highly susceptible to liquidity and credit risk, and generally pay a return to the party that has paid the premium only in the event of an actual default by the issuer of the underlying
obligation, as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial difficulty.
Credit default swaps may be subject
to regulation by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) or both. Both the CFTC and the SEC have issued guidance and relief regarding the implementation of various provisions of
the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the Dodd-Frank Act) relating to the use of swaps. As they attempt to finalize various rulemakings mandated by the Dodd-Frank Act, either or both of the CFTC and SEC
may issue additional guidance or relief to provide additional clarity. Further action by
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the CFTC or SEC may affect a Funds ability to use credit default swaps or may require additional disclosure by a Fund.
Credit Ratings
The securities in which either Fund will invest will not
be required to meet a minimum rating standard and may not be rated for creditworthiness by any internationally recognized credit rating organization. Such securities, commonly referred to as junk bonds, involve significantly greater
risks, including price volatility and risk of default of payment of interest and principal than higher rated securities. An investment in either Fund should not be considered as a complete investment program for all investors. Moreover, substantial
investments in non-U.S. securities may have adverse tax implications as described under Taxes.
The Adviser
will take various factors into consideration in evaluating the creditworthiness of an issuer. For corporate debt securities, such factors typically include the issuers financial resources, its sensitivity to economic conditions and trends, the
operating history of the issuer, and the experience and track record of the issuers management. For sovereign debt instruments, these will typically include the economic and political conditions within the issuers country, the
issuers overall and external debt levels and debt service ratios, the issuers access to capital markets and other sources of funding, and the issuers debt service payment history. The Adviser will also review the ratings, if any,
assigned to the security by any recognized rating organizations, although the Advisers judgment as to the quality of a debt security may differ from that suggested by the rating published by a rating service. In addition to the foregoing
credit analysis, the Adviser will evaluate the relative value of an investment compared with its perceived credit risk. A Funds ability to achieve its investment objective may be more dependent on the Advisers credit analysis than
would be the case if it invested in higher quality debt securities. A description of the ratings used by Moodys and S&P is set forth in Appendix A.
Derivatives
Each Fund may engage in a variety of derivative
transactions in accordance with the applicable rules of the CFTC, and, to the extent applicable, the rules and regulations of certain national or foreign exchanges; however, no Fund will be obligated to use derivatives and no Fund makes any
representation as to the availability of these techniques at this time or at any time in the future. Generally, derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index
and may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates, commodities, related indexes and other assets. The types of derivatives in which a Fund may invest include, but are not limited to, interest rate,
currency or stock or bond index futures contracts, currency forward contracts and currency swaps, the purchase and sale (or writing) of exchange listed and OTC put and call options on debt and equity securities, currencies, interest rate, currency
or stock index futures and fixed-income and stock indices and other financial instruments, entering into various interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps floors, and collars, entering into equity swaps, caps and floors, the purchase and sale
of indexed debt securities or trading in other similar types of instruments.
Derivatives may be used, among other
reasons, as part of a Funds investment strategy, to attempt to protect against possible changes in the market value of securities held or to be purchased for a Funds portfolio resulting from securities markets or currency exchange rate
fluctuations, to protect a Funds unrealized gains in the value of its securities, to facilitate the sale of those securities for investment purposes, to manage the effective maturity or duration of the Funds portfolio or to establish a
position
7
in the derivatives markets as a temporary substitute for purchasing or selling particular securities or to seek to enhance a Funds income or gain. A Fund may use any or all types of
derivatives which it is authorized to use at any time; no particular strategy will dictate the use of one type of transaction rather than another, as use of any authorized derivative will be a function of numerous variables, including market
conditions. The ability of a Fund to utilize derivatives successfully will depend on numerous factors including the Advisers ability to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. These skills are different from those needed
to select a Funds portfolio securities.
Subject to the constraints described above, a Fund may (if and to the
extent so authorized) purchase and sell interest rate, currency or stock or bond index futures contracts and enter into currency forward contracts and currency swaps; purchase and sell (or write) exchange listed and OTC put and call options on
securities, loan participations and assignments, currencies, futures contracts, indices and other financial instruments, and the Fund may enter into interest rate transactions, equity swaps and related transactions and other similar
transactions which may be developed to the extent the Adviser determines that they are consistent with the Funds investment objective and policies and applicable regulatory requirements. A Funds interest rate transactions
may take the form of swaps, caps, floors and collars, and the Funds currency transactions may take the form of currency forward contracts, currency futures contracts, currency swaps and options on currencies or currency
futures contracts.
Derivatives involve special risks, including possible default by the other party to the transaction,
illiquidity and, to the extent the Advisers view as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of derivatives could result in significantly greater losses than if it had not been used. Losses resulting from the use of
derivatives will reduce a Funds net asset value, and possibly income, and the losses may be significantly greater than if derivatives had not been used. The degree of a Funds use of derivatives may be limited by certain
provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). When used, derivatives may increase the amount and affect the timing and character of taxes payable by shareholders. See Taxes.
In connection with the use of certain derivatives, the Funds have filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the
term commodity pool operator in accordance with Rule 4.5 under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA), and, therefore, are not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the CEA.
Equity Investments
Each Fund may invest in equity securities. Equity securities (which generally include common stocks, preferred stocks, warrants,
securities convertible into common or preferred stocks and similar securities) are generally volatile and more risky than some other forms of investment. Equity securities of companies with relatively small market capitalizations may be more
volatile than the securities of larger, more established companies than the broad equity market indices generally. Common stock and other equity securities may take the form of stock in corporations, partnership interests, interests in
limited liability companies and other direct or indirect interests in business organizations.
Exchange Traded Funds and Other Similar
Instruments
Shares of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and other similar instruments may be purchased by any
Fund. Generally, an ETF is an investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act that holds a portfolio of securities designed to track the performance of a particular index or index segment. Similar instruments, used by pools that are not
investment companies, offer similar characteristics and may be
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designed to track the performance of an index or basket of securities of companies engaged in a particular market or sector. ETFs sell and redeem their shares at net asset value in large blocks
(typically 50,000 of its shares) called creation units. Shares representing fractional interests in these creation units are listed for trading on national securities exchanges and can be purchased and sold in the secondary market in
lots of any size at any time during the trading day.
Investments in ETFs and other similar instruments involve certain
inherent risks generally associated with investments in a broadly-based portfolio of stocks including: (i) risks that the general level of stock prices may decline, thereby adversely affecting the value of each unit of the ETF or other
instrument; (ii) an ETF may not fully replicate the performance of its benchmark index because of temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or discrepancies between the ETF and the index with respect to the
weightings of securities or number of stocks held; (iii) an ETF may also be adversely affected by the performance of the specific index, market sector or group of industries on which it is based; and (iv) an ETF may not track an index as
well as a traditional index mutual fund because ETFs are valued by the market and, therefore, there may be a difference between the market value and the ETFs net asset value. Each Fund may both purchase and effect short sales of shares of ETFs
and may also purchase and sell options on shares of ETFs. These investments may be used for hedging purposes or to seek to increase total return (which is considered a speculative activity).
Because ETFs and pools that issue similar instruments incur various fees and expenses, a Funds investment in these instruments will
involve certain indirect costs, as well as transaction costs, such as brokerage commissions. The Adviser will consider expenses associated with an investment in determining whether to invest in an ETF or other instrument. In the case of ETFs that
are investment companies, they invest substantially all of their assets in securities of various securities indices or a particular segment of a securities index. Most ETFs are listed and traded on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (Arca). The market
price of ETFs is expected to fluctuate in accordance with both changes in the asset values of their underlying indices and supply and demand of an ETFs shares on the Arca. ETFs may trade at relatively modest discounts or premiums to net asset
value. In general, most ETFs have a limited operating history and information may be lacking regarding the actual performance and trading liquidity of such shares for extended periods or over complete market cycles. In addition, there is no
assurance that the requirements of the Arca necessary to maintain the listing of ETFs in which a Fund invests will continue to be met or will remain unchanged. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting the shares of ETFs held by
a Fund should occur in the future, the liquidity and value of that Funds shares could also be adversely affected. If such disruptions were to occur, that Fund could be required to reconsider the use of ETFs as part of its investment strategy.
Limitations of the 1940 Act, which prohibit any Fund from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding shares of another
investment company, may restrict the Funds ability to purchase shares of certain ETFs.
Firm Commitments and When-Issued Securities
Each Fund may purchase securities on a firm commitment basis, including when-issued securities. Securities purchased
on a firm commitment basis are purchased for delivery beyond the normal settlement date at a stated price and yield. No income accrues to the purchaser of a security on a firm commitment basis prior to delivery. Such securities are
recorded as an asset and are subject to changes in value based upon changes in the general level of interest rates. Purchasing a security on a firm commitment basis can involve a risk that the market price at the time of delivery may be lower
than the agreed upon purchase price, in which case there could be an unrealized loss at the time of delivery. A
9
Fund will only make commitments to purchase securities on a firm commitment basis with the intention of actually acquiring the securities, but may sell them before the settlement date if it is
deemed advisable. A Fund will designate liquid assets in an amount at least equal in value to the Funds commitments to purchase securities on a firm commitment basis. If the value of these assets declines, the Fund will place
additional liquid assets in the account on a daily basis so that the value of the assets in the account is equal to the amount of such commitments.
Fixed Income Securities
Each Fund may invest in fixed income securities.
Fixed income securities generally pay a specified rate of interest or dividends, or a rate that is adjusted periodically by reference to some specified index or market rate or other factor. Fixed income securities may include securities issued by
U.S. federal, state, local, and non-U.S. governments and other agencies and instrumentalities, and by a wide range of private or corporate issuers. Fixed income securities include, among others, bonds, notes, bills, debentures, convertible
securities, bank obligations, mortgage and other asset-backed securities, loan participations and assignments and commercial paper.
Because interest rates vary, it is impossible to predict the income of a Fund for any particular period. Except to the extent that values are affected independently by other factors such as developments
relating to a specific issuer or group of issuers, when interest rates decline, the value of a fixed-income portfolio can generally be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a fixed-income portfolio can generally be
expected to decline. Prices of longer term securities generally increase or decrease more sharply than those of shorter term securities in response to interest rate changes, particularly if such securities were purchased at a discount. It
should be noted that the market values of securities rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities tend to react less to fluctuations in interest rate levels than do those of higher-rated securities.
Call or Buy-Back Features
In addition, many fixed-income securities contain call or buy-back features that permit their issuers to call or repurchase the securities from their holders. Such securities may present risks based
on payment expectations. Although a Fund may typically receive a premium if an issuer were to redeem a security, if an issuer exercises such a call option and redeems the security during a time of declining interest rates, the Fund
may realize a capital loss on its investment if the security was purchased at a premium and the Fund may have to replace the called security with a lower yielding security, resulting in a decreased rate of return to the Fund.
Floating and Variable Rate Instruments
Each Fund may each invest in floating and variable rate obligations. Floating or variable rate obligations bear interest at rates that are not fixed, but vary with changes in specified market rates or
indices, such as the prime rate, and at specified intervals. The variable rate obligations in which a Fund may invest include variable rate master demand notes, which are unsecured instruments issued pursuant to an agreement between the issuer and
the holder that permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary and provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate.
Certain
of the floating or variable rate obligations that may be purchased by a Fund may carry a demand feature that would permit the holder to tender them back to the issuer of the instrument or to a third party at par value prior to maturity. Some of
the demand instruments purchased by a Fund are not traded in a
10
secondary market and derive their liquidity solely from the ability of the holder to demand repayment from the issuer or third party providing credit support. If a demand instrument is not
traded in a secondary market, the Fund will nonetheless treat the instrument as liquid for the purposes of its investment restriction limiting investments in illiquid securities unless the demand feature has a notice period of more than seven days;
if the notice period is greater than seven days, such a demand instrument will be characterized as illiquid for such purpose. The Funds right to obtain payment at par on a demand instrument could be affected by events occurring between
the date the Fund elects to demand payment and the date payment is due that may affect the ability of the issuer of the instrument or a third party providing credit support to make payment when due. To facilitate settlement, some demand
instruments may be held in book entry form at a bank other than the Funds custodian subject to a sub-custodian agreement approved by the Fund between that bank and the Funds custodian.
Indexed Securities
Each Fund may purchase securities whose prices are indexed to the prices of other securities, securities indices, currencies, or
other financial indicators. Indexed securities typically, but not always, are debt securities or deposits whose value at maturity or coupon rate is determined by reference to a specific instrument or statistic. Currency-indexed securities typically
are short-term to intermediate-term debt securities whose maturity values or interest rates are determined by reference to the values of one or more specified foreign currencies, and may offer higher yields than U.S. dollar-denominated
securities of equivalent issuers. Currency-indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed; that is, their maturity value may increase when the specified currency value increases, resulting in a security that performs similarly
to a foreign currency-denominated instrument, or their maturity value may decline when foreign currencies increase, resulting in a security whose price characteristics are similar to a put on the underlying currency. Currency-indexed securities
may also have prices that depend on the values of a number of different foreign currencies relative to each other.
Because the amount of interest and/or principal payments which the issuer of indexed debt securities is obligated to make is linked to
the prices of other securities, securities indices, currencies, or other financial indicators, such payments may be significantly greater or less than payment obligations in respect of other types of debt securities. As a result, an investment
in indexed debt securities may be considered speculative. Moreover, the performance of indexed securities depends to a great extent on the performance of and may be more volatile than the security, currency, or other instrument to which
they are indexed, and may also be influenced by interest rate changes in the United States and abroad. At the same time, indexed securities are subject to the credit risks associated with the issuer of the security, and their values
may decline substantially if the issuers creditworthiness deteriorates.
Losses resulting from the use of
derivatives will reduce a Funds net asset value, and possibly income, and the losses can be greater than if derivatives had not been used.
Market Risk
The market price of securities owned by any Fund may go up or down, sometimes
rapidly or unpredictably.
Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular
industries represented in the securities markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions which are not specifically related to a particular company, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the
general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest
11
or currency rates or adverse investor sentiment generally. They may also decline due to factors which affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production
costs and competitive conditions within an industry. During a general downturn in the securities markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value simultaneously.
Equity securities generally have greater price volatility than fixed-income securities.
Money
Market Instruments/Securities
Each Fund may hold money market instruments, including commercial paper, bankers
acceptances, certificates of deposit and other short term debt securities as ancillary liquid assets.
Options
A put option gives the purchaser of the option, upon payment of a premium, the right to sell, and the writer of the option the obligation
to buy (if the option is exercised), the underlying security, index, currency or other instrument at the exercise price. A Funds purchase of a put option on a security, for example, might be designed to protect its holdings in the underlying
instrument (or, in some cases, a similar instrument) against a substantial decline in the market value of such instrument by giving the Fund the right to sell the instrument at the option exercise price. A call option, upon payment of a premium,
gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy (if the option is exercised), and the seller the obligation to sell, the underlying instrument at the exercise price. A Funds purchase of a call option on a security, financial futures
contract, index, currency or other instrument might be intended to protect the Fund against an increase in the price of the underlying instrument that it intends to purchase in the future by fixing the price at which it may purchase the
instrument. An American style put or call option may be exercised at any time during the option period, whereas a European style put or call option may be exercised only upon expiration or during a fixed period
prior to expiration. Exchange-listed options are issued by a regulated intermediary such as the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC), which guarantees the performance of the obligations of the parties to the options.
In order to hedge against adverse market shifts or to potentially increase income or gain, a Fund may purchase put and call options
or write covered put and call options on futures contracts on stocks, stock indices, interest rates and currencies. In addition, a Fund may utilize options on currencies in order to hedge against currency exchange rate risks or to
gain exposure to one or more currencies. A call option written by a Fund is covered so long as the Fund owns: (i) the underlying investment subject to the option; (ii) securities convertible or exchangeable without the payment
of any consideration into the securities subject to the option; or (iii) a call option on the relevant security or currency with an exercise price no higher than the exercise price on the call option written. A put option written by a Fund is
covered if the Fund either (a) designates on its or its custodian records liquid securities having a value at least equal to the exercise price of the underlying investment or (b) has certain offsetting puts. Parties to options
transactions must make certain payments and/or set aside certain amounts of assets in connection with each transaction.
By
writing a call, a Fund will generally limit its opportunity to profit from an increase in the market value of the underlying investment above the exercise price of the option for as long as the Funds obligation as writer of the option
continues. By writing a put, a Fund will generally limit its opportunity to profit from a decrease in the market value of the underlying investment below the exercise price of the option for as long as the Funds obligation as writer of the
option continues. Upon the exercise of a put option written by a Fund, the Fund may suffer an economic loss equal to the difference between the
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price at which the Fund is required to purchase the underlying investment and its market value at the time of the option exercise, less the premium received for writing the option. Upon the
exercise of a call option written by a Fund, the Fund may suffer an economic loss equal to an amount not less than the Funds acquisition cost of the investment underlying the option, less the sum of the premium received for writing the
option and the exercise price paid to the Fund.
A Fund may choose to exercise the options it holds, permit them to
expire or terminate them prior to their expiration by entering into closing transactions. A Fund may enter into a closing purchase transaction in which the Fund purchases an option having the same terms as the option it had written or a closing
sale transaction in which the Fund sells an option having the same terms as the option it had purchased.
Exchange-listed
options on securities and currencies, with certain exceptions, generally settle by physical delivery of the underlying security or currency, although in the future, cash settlement may become available. Frequently, rather than taking or making
delivery of the underlying instrument through the process of exercising the option, listed options are closed by entering into offsetting purchase or sale transactions that do not result in ownership of the new option. Index options are cash settled
for the net amount, if any, by which the option is in-the-money (that is, the amount by which the value of the underlying instrument exceeds, in the case of a call option, or is less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise price
of the option) at the time the option is exercised.
OTC options are purchased from or sold to securities dealers, financial
institutions or other parties (collectively referred to as counterparties and individually referred to as a counterparty) through a direct bilateral agreement with the counterparty. In contrast to exchange-listed options,
which generally have standardized terms and performance mechanics, the terms of an OTC option, including such terms as method of settlement, term, exercise price, premium, guaranties and security, are determined by negotiation of the parties.
Unless the parties provide for it, no central clearing or guaranty function is involved in an OTC option. As a result, if a
counterparty fails to make or take delivery of the security, currency or other instrument underlying an OTC option it has entered into with a Fund or fails to make a cash settlement payment due in accordance with the terms of that option, the Fund
will lose any premium it paid for the option as well as any anticipated benefit of the transaction. Thus, the Adviser must assess the creditworthiness of each such counterparty or any guarantor or credit enhancement of the counterpartys credit
to determine the likelihood that the terms of the OTC option will be met.
If a Fund sells a call option, the premium that it
receives may serve as a partial hedge, to the extent of the option premium, against a decrease in the value of the underlying securities or instruments held by the Fund or will increase the Funds income. Similarly, the sale of put options
can also provide gains for a Fund. A Fund may purchase and sell call options on securities that are traded on U.S. and foreign securities exchanges and in the OTC markets, and on securities indices, currencies and futures contracts. All calls
sold by a Fund must be covered (that is, the Fund must own the securities or futures contract subject to the call), or must otherwise meet the asset segregation requirements described below for so long as the call is outstanding. Even
though the Fund will receive the option premium to help protect it against loss, use of options could result in losses to the Fund, force the purchase or sale of portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices higher or lower than current
market values, or cause the Fund to hold a security it might otherwise sell or sell a security it might otherwise hold.
13
A Funds ability to close out its position as a purchaser or seller of an OCC-issued or
exchange-listed put or call option is dependent, in part, upon the liquidity of the particular option market. Among the possible reasons for the absence of a liquid option market on an exchange are: (i) insufficient trading interest in certain
options; (ii) restrictions on transactions imposed by an exchange; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities, including reaching
daily price limits; (iv) interruption of the normal operations of the OCC or an exchange; (v) inadequacy of the facilities of an exchange or the OCC to handle current trading volume; or (vi) a decision by one or more exchanges to
discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the relevant market for that option on that exchange would cease to exist, although any such outstanding options on that exchange would
continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
The hours of trading for listed options may not coincide with
the hours during which the underlying financial instruments are traded. To the extent that the option markets close before the markets for the underlying financial instruments, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying
markets that would not be reflected in the corresponding option markets.
Each of the Funds reserves the right to purchase or
sell options on instruments and indices other than those described here and which may be developed in the future to the extent consistent with applicable law, the Funds investment objective and the restrictions set forth herein.
Options on Stocks and Stock Indices
Each Fund may purchase put and call options and write covered put and call options on stocks and stock indices in order to hedge against movements in the equity markets or to potentially increase
income or gain to the Fund. In addition, the Funds may purchase options on stocks that are traded over-the-counter. Options on stock indices are similar to options on specific securities. However, because options on stock indices do not involve
the delivery of an underlying security, the option represents the holders right to obtain from the writer cash in an amount equal to a fixed multiple of the amount by which the exercise price exceeds (in the case of a put) or is less than (in
the case of a call) the closing value of the underlying stock index on the exercise date. Options are also traded in certain industry or market segment indices such as the Oil Index, the Computer Technology Index, and the Transportation Index. Stock
index options are subject to position and exercise limits and other regulations imposed by the exchange on which they are traded.
If the Adviser expects general stock market prices to rise, a Fund might purchase a call option on a stock index or a futures contract on that index as a hedge against an increase in prices of particular
equity securities it wants ultimately to buy. If the stock index does rise, the price of the particular equity securities intended to be purchased may also increase, but that increase should be offset in part by the increase in the value
of the Funds index option or futures contract resulting from the increase in the index. If, on the other hand, the Adviser expects general stock market prices to decline, it might purchase a put option or sell a futures contract on the index.
If that index does decline, the value of some or all of the equity securities in the Funds portfolio may also be expected to decline, but that decrease would be offset in part by the increase in the value of the Funds position
in such put option or futures contract.
Preferred Stock
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Preferred stocks, like debt obligations, are generally fixed-income securities. Shareholders
of preferred stocks normally have the right to receive dividends at a fixed rate when and as declared by the issuers board of directors, but do not participate in other amounts available for distribution by the issuing corporation. Dividends
on the preferred stock may be cumulative, and generally all cumulative dividends must be paid prior to common shareholders receiving any dividends. Because as a general matter preferred stock dividends must be paid before common stock
dividends, preferred stocks generally entail less risk than common stocks. Upon liquidation, preferred stocks are generally entitled to a specified liquidation preference, which is generally the same as the par or stated value, and are senior in
right of payment to common stock. Preferred stocks are, however, equity securities in the sense that they do not represent a liability of the issuer and, therefore, do not offer as great a degree of protection of capital or assurance of continued
income as investments in corporate debt securities. In addition, preferred stocks are subordinated in right of payment to all debt obligations and creditors of the issuer, and convertible preferred stocks may be subordinated to other preferred
stock of the same issuer.
Restricted Securities and Securities With Limited Trading Markets (Rule 144A)
Each Fund may purchase securities for which there is a limited trading market or which are subject to restrictions on resale to the
public. If a Fund were to acquire substantial positions in securities with limited trading markets, the activities of the Fund could have an adverse effect upon the liquidity and marketability of such securities and the Fund might not be able
to dispose of its holdings in those securities at then current market prices. Circumstances could also exist (to satisfy redemptions, for example) when portfolio securities might have to be sold by the Fund at times which otherwise might be
considered to be disadvantageous so that the Fund might receive lower proceeds from such sales than it had expected to realize. Investments in securities which are restricted may involve added expenses to a Fund should the Fund be
required to bear registration costs with respect to such securities and could involve delays in disposing of such securities which might have an adverse effect upon the price and timing of sales of such securities and the liquidity of the Fund with
respect to redemptions. Restricted securities and securities for which there is a limited trading market may be significantly more difficult to value due to the unavailability of reliable market quotations for such securities, and investment in
such securities may have an adverse impact on net asset value. The Funds may purchase Rule 144A securities for which there may be a secondary market of qualified institutional buyers as contemplated by Rule 144A under the 1933 Act. Liquidity
determinations with respect to Rule 144A securities will be made by the Board or by the Adviser pursuant to guidelines established by the Board. A Funds holdings of Rule 144A securities which are considered liquid securities will not be
subject to the Funds applicable limitation on investments in illiquid securities.
Each Fund may purchase Rule 144A
securities on the GSTrUE exchange and other similar exchanges. These markets provide access to only institutional and highly sophisticated investors. They allow private companies to raise capital without the disclosure requirements of
public markets and follow specific SEC rules to avoid certain disclosure requirements. Under these rules, companies are able to sell securities without registering them if the issued securities are limited to qualified institutional buyers
(investors with at least $100 million in assets), and there are less than 500 shareholders. The market is run through a proprietary trading system. This system allows the members of the exchange to view bid and ask offers and recent sales.
Actual transactions are made through special brokers. Because of the lack of disclosure in these markets, shares are expected to trade at a discount to the equivalent price achievable if the shares were listed on a public market. Companies
utilizing these markets however, believe that the ability to avoid disclosure requirements of public markets is more important than receiving the higher price available from a public exchange listing.
15
Securities Related Activities
In some countries, banks or other financial institutions may constitute a substantial number of the leading companies or companies
with the most actively traded securities. The 1940 Act limits a Funds ability to invest in any equity security of an issuer which, in its most recent fiscal year, derived more than 15% of its revenues from securities related
activities, as defined by the rules thereunder. These provisions may also restrict a Funds investments in certain non-U.S. banks and other financial institutions.
Short Sales
Each Fund may make short sales of securities consistent with
its strategies. A short sale is a transaction in which a Fund sells a security it does not own in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline.
When a Fund makes a short sale, it must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the broker-dealer through which it made the short sale as collateral for its obligation to deliver the security
upon conclusion of the sale. The Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and is often obligated to pay over any accrued interest and dividends on such borrowed securities.
If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time that a Fund replaces the borrowed
security, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. The successful use of short selling may be
adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold short and the securities being hedged.
To the extent that a Fund engages in short sales, it will provide collateral to the broker-dealer and (except in the case of short sales against the box) will maintain additional asset
coverage in the form of segregated or earmarked assets that the Adviser determines to be liquid in accordance with procedures established by the Board and that is equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, or will
ensure that such positions are covered by offsetting positions, until the Fund replaces the borrowed security. A short sale is against the box to the extent that the Fund contemporaneously owns, or has the right to obtain at
no added cost, securities identical to those sold short. Each Fund may engage in short selling to the extent permitted by the federal securities laws and rules and interpretations thereunder. To the extent a Fund engages in short selling in foreign
(non-U.S.) jurisdictions, the Fund will do so to the extent permitted by the laws and regulations of such jurisdiction.
Use of Segregated
and Other Special Accounts
Use of many derivatives by a Fund will require, among other things, that the Fund designate
liquid assets to cover its obligations under the derivative to the extent the Funds obligations are not otherwise covered through ownership of the underlying security, financial instrument or currency or otherwise. In general,
either the full amount of any obligation by the Fund to pay or deliver securities or assets must be covered at all times by the securities, instruments or currency required to be delivered, or, subject to any regulatory restrictions, an amount of
liquid assets at least equal to the current amount of the obligation must be designated. A call option on securities written by a Fund, for example, will require the Fund to hold the securities subject to the call (or securities convertible into the
needed securities without additional consideration) or to designate liquid securities sufficient to purchase and deliver the securities if the call is exercised. A call option sold by a Fund on an index will require the Fund to own
16
portfolio securities that correlate with the index or to segregate liquid securities equal to the excess of the index value over the exercise price on a current basis. A put option on securities
written by a Fund will require the Fund to designate liquid securities equal to the exercise price.
The options entered into
by a Fund, including those on securities, currency, financial instruments or indices, and OCC-issued and exchange-listed index options may provide for cash settlement or for physical delivery.
Derivatives may be covered by means other than those described above when consistent with applicable regulatory policies. Each Fund
may also enter into offsetting transactions so that its combined position, coupled with any segregated assets, equals its net outstanding obligation in related derivatives. The Fund could purchase a put option, for example, if the strike price
of that option is the same as or higher than the strike price of a put option sold by the Fund. Moreover, instead of designating assets if it holds a futures contract or forward contract, the Fund could purchase a put option on the same futures
contract or forward contract with a strike price as high as or higher than the price of the contract held. Other derivatives may also be offset in combinations. If the offsetting transaction terminates at the time of or after the primary
transaction, no segregation is required, but if it terminates prior to that time, assets equal to any remaining obligation would need to be segregated.
U.S. Government Securities
Each Fund may invest without limit in
securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or by its agencies or instrumentalities. U.S. government securities in general include a wide variety of U.S. Treasury obligations consisting of bills, notes and bonds, which principally
differ only in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities are debt securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities established or sponsored by the
U.S. government and may be backed only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality. A Fund will invest in such obligations only where the Adviser is satisfied that the credit risk with respect to the issuer is minimal.
Securities issued by the U.S. Treasury generally do not involve the credit risks associated with investments in other types of
fixed-income securities, although, as a result, the yields available from these securities are generally lower than the yields available from corporate fixed-income securities. Like other debt securities, however, the values of U.S. government
securities change as interest rates fluctuate, which could affect a Funds net asset value. Since the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Funds average maturity is longer, under certain market
conditions the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income from short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities. Some U.S. Government securities (such as Fannie Maes and Freddie Macs)
are guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the relevant entity (e.g., FNMA or FHLMC) but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Therefore, the securities would generally be neither issued nor
guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.
Warrants and Rights
Each Fund may invest in warrants and rights. Warrants are securities that are usually issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate
amount of common stock at a specified price until a stated expiration date. Buying a warrant generally can provide a greater potential for profit or loss than an investment of equivalent amounts in the underlying common
17
stock. The market value of a warrant does not necessarily move with the value of the underlying securities. If a holder does not sell the warrant, it risks the loss of its entire investment if
the market price of the underlying security does not, before the expiration date, exceed the exercise price of the warrant. Investing in warrants is a speculative activity. Warrants pay no dividends and confer no rights (other than the right to
purchase the underlying securities) with respect to the assets of the issuer. A right is a privilege granted, typically to existing shareholders of a corporation, to subscribe for shares of a new issue of stock before it is issued. Rights normally
have a short life, usually two to four weeks, may be freely transferable and generally entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price.
OT
HER PRACTICES
Borrowing
Borrowing creates an opportunity for increased return, but, at
the same time, creates special risks. Furthermore, if a Fund were to engage in borrowing, an increase in interest rates could reduce the value of the Funds shares by increasing the Funds interest expense.
Subject to the limitations described under Investment Limitations below, each Fund may be permitted to borrow for temporary
purposes and/or for investment purposes. Such a practice will result in leveraging of the Funds assets and may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so. This borrowing may be secured or
unsecured. Provisions of the 1940 Act require each Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not
in excess of 5% of the Funds total assets made for temporary administrative purposes. Any borrowings for temporary administrative purposes in excess of 5% of a Funds total assets will count against this asset coverage requirement. If the
300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be
disadvantageous from an investment standpoint if the Fund sells securities at that time. Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Funds portfolio. Money borrowed
will be subject to interest costs which may or may not be recovered by appreciation of the securities purchased, if any. Each Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowings or to pay a commitment or
other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.
Depositary Receipts
Depositary receipts include sponsored and unsponsored depositary receipts that are or become available, including American Depositary
Receipts (ADRs), and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) and other depositary receipts. Depositary receipts are typically issued by a financial institution (depositary) and evidence ownership interests in a
security or a pool of securities (underlying securities) that have been deposited with the depositary. The depositary for ADRs is typically a U.S. financial institution and the underlying securities are issued by a non-U.S.
issuer. ADRs are publicly traded on exchanges or OTC in the United States and are issued through sponsored or unsponsored arrangements. In a sponsored ADR arrangement, the non-U.S. issuer assumes the obligation to
pay some or all of the depositarys transaction fees, whereas under an unsponsored arrangement, the non-U.S. issuer assumes no obligation and the depositarys transaction fees are paid by the ADR holders. In
18
addition, less information is available in the United States about an unsponsored ADR than about a sponsored ADR, and the financial information about a company may not be as reliable for an
unsponsored ADR as it is for a sponsored ADR. In the case of GDRs, the depositary can be a non-U.S. or a U.S. financial institution and the underlying securities are issued by a non-U.S. issuer. GDRs allow companies in Europe, Asia, the United
States and Latin America to offer shares in many markets around the world, thus allowing them to raise capital in these markets, as opposed to just in their home market. The advantage of GDRs is that shares do not have to be bought through the
issuing companys home exchange, which may be difficult and expensive, but can be bought on all major stock exchanges. In addition, the share price and all dividends are converted to the shareholders home currency. As for other
depositary receipts, the depositary may be a non-U.S. or a U.S. entity, and the underlying securities may have a non-U.S. or a U.S. issuer. For purposes of each Funds investment policies, investments in depositary receipts will be deemed
to be investments in the underlying securities. Thus, a depositary receipt representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock. Depositary receipts purchased by a Fund may not necessarily be denominated in the same
currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted, in which case the Fund may be exposed to relative currency fluctuations.
Illiquid Securities
Each Fund may invest up to 15% of the value of its
net assets in illiquid securities. The term illiquid securities for this purpose means securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued
the securities. Illiquid securities are considered to include, among other things, written OTC options, securities or other liquid assets being used as cover for such options, repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days, certain
loan participation interests, fixed time deposits which are not subject to prepayment or provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits), and other securities whose disposition is restricted under the federal
securities laws.
To the extent that liquid assignments and loan participations that a Fund holds become illiquid due to the
lack of sufficient buyers or market or other conditions, the percentage of the Funds assets invested in illiquid assets would increase. The Adviser, under the supervision of the Board, monitors Fund investments in assignments and loan
participations and will, in such a case, consider appropriate measures to enable each Fund to maintain sufficient liquidity for operating purposes and to meet redemption requests.
Loans of Portfolio Securities
Each Fund may lend portfolio securities to
brokers or dealers or other financial institutions. The procedure for the lending of securities will include the following features and conditions. The collateral will consist either of U.S. Government Securities or the borrower of the
securities will deposit cash with the Fund in an amount equal to a minimum of 100% of the market value of the securities lent. The Fund will invest the collateral in short-term debt securities, cash equivalents (or pooled investment vehicle
interests in cash, cash equivalents and short-term debt instruments) and earn the income thereon. A negotiated portion of the income so earned may be paid to the borrower or the broker who arranged the loan. The collateral will be marked
to market daily, and if the value of the collateral drops below the required minimum at any time, the borrower may be called upon to post additional collateral. These will be demand loans and may be terminated by the Fund at any
time. The Fund will receive any dividends and interest paid on the securities lent, although the U.S. federal income tax characteristics of
19
such payment may change. The Funds performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned.
These transactions must be fully collateralized at all times, but involve some credit risk to the Fund if the borrower or the party (if
any) guaranteeing the loan should default on its obligations. In the event of the default or bankruptcy of the other party to a securities loan, the Fund could experience delays in recovering the securities it lent. To the extent that, in the
meantime, the value of the securities a Fund lent has increased or the value of the collateral decreased, the Fund could experience a loss. In the event of a default by the borrower, the Fund will, if permitted by law, dispose of such
collateral except that the Fund may retain any such part thereof that is a security in which the Fund is permitted to invest.
Although voting rights or rights to consent with respect to the loaned securities pass to the borrower, the Fund, as the lender, retains
the right to call the loans and obtain the return of the securities loaned at any time on reasonable notice, and it will attempt to do so in order that the securities may be voted by the Fund if the holders of such securities are asked to vote upon
or consent to matters which the Adviser believes materially affect the investment; however, the Fund may not be able to recall the securities in time for the Fund to be the owner on the record date for determining shareholders entitled to vote or
consent on the matter. The Fund may also call such loans in order to sell the securities involved.
Repurchase Agreements
Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the seller of a security
commits itself at the time of sale to repurchase that security from the buyer at a mutually agreed upon time and price. The resale price is in excess of the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market interest rate unrelated to the coupon
rate on the purchased security. Such transactions afford a Fund the opportunity to earn a return on temporarily available cash at relatively low market risk. The Adviser monitors the value of the securities underlying the repurchase agreement
at the time the transaction is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement to ensure that the value of the securities always equals or exceeds the repurchase price. The Fund requires that additional securities be
deposited if the value of the securities purchased decreases below their resale price and does not bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security unless the seller defaults under the repurchase obligation.
While the underlying security may be a bill, certificate of indebtedness, note or bond issued by an agency, authority or instrumentality
of the U.S. government, the obligation of the seller is not guaranteed by the U.S. government and there is a risk that the seller may fail to repurchase the underlying security. In such event, the Fund would attempt to exercise rights with respect
to the underlying security, including possible disposition in the market. However, the Fund may be subject to various delays and risks of loss, including (i) possible declines in the value of the underlying security during the period while the
Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto, (ii) possible reduced levels of income and lack of access to income during this period, and (iii) inability to enforce rights and the expenses involved in the attempted enforcement.
Repurchase agreements with maturities of more than seven days will be treated as illiquid securities.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
Each Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements to avoid selling securities during unfavorable market conditions to meet redemptions. Pursuant to a reverse repurchase agreement,
the
20
Fund will sell portfolio securities and agree to repurchase them from the buyer at a particular date and price. Whenever a Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it will establish
a segregated account in which it will maintain liquid assets in an amount at least equal to the repurchase price marked to market daily (including accrued interest), and will subsequently monitor the account to ensure that such equivalent value is
maintained. A Fund pays interest on amounts obtained pursuant to reverse repurchase agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements are considered to be borrowings by a Fund.
Temporary Defensive Positions
Each Fund may depart from its principal
investment strategies in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions by taking temporary defensive positions in short-term debt securities, cash and cash equivalents. Under such circumstances, the Fund may not achieve its investment
objective.
INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS
Fundamental Investment Restrictions
The following is a description of
fundamental policies that may not be changed without the vote of a majority of a Funds outstanding voting securities. Under the 1940 Act, the vote of a majority of the outstanding securities of a company means the vote, at the annual or a
special meeting of the security holders of such company duly called: (A) of 67 per centum or more of the voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of more than 50 per centum of the outstanding voting securities of such
company are present or represented by proxy; or (B) of more than 50 per centum of the outstanding voting securities of such company, whichever is less. The other restrictions set forth below, as well as each Funds investment
objective and each of the other investment restrictions set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI and not designated as fundamental, are not fundamental policies and may be changed by the Board. The percentages set forth below and the percentage
limitations set forth in the Prospectus apply at the time of the purchase of a security and shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of a purchase of such security.
Emerald Banking and Finance Fund Fundamental Investment Limitations
The Emerald Banking and Finance Fund may
not
:
(1) Purchase securities of an issuer (other than the U.S. Government, its agencies, instrumentalities or authorities, or repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Government securities, and securities
of other investment companies) if: (a) such purchase would, at the time, cause more than 5% of the Funds total assets taken at market value to be invested in the securities of such issuer,
except
that
if the Fund receives
subscription rights to purchase securities of an issuer whose securities the Fund holds, and if the Fund exercises such subscription rights at a time when the Funds portfolio holdings of securities of that issuer would otherwise exceed this
limit, it will not constitute a violation if, prior to the receipt of securities from the exercise of such rights, and after announcement of such rights, the Fund sells at least as many securities of the same class and value as it would receive on
exercise of such rights; or (b) such purchase would, at the time, result in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer being held by the Fund;
(2) Purchase securities which would cause 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of purchase to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business
21
activities in the same industry or group of industries (excluding the U.S. Government and its agencies and instrumentalities),
except that
the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund shall, under
normal conditions, invest not less than 25% of its total assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the banking industry and not less than 25% of its total assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the financial services
industry. For purposes of this restriction, companies principally engaged in the banking industry means U.S. commercial and industrial banking and savings institutions and their parent holding companies, and companies principally engaged in the
financial services industry means commercial and industrial finance companies, diversified financial services companies, investment banking, securities brokerage and investment advisory companies, real estate investment trusts, insurance and
insurance holding companies, and leasing companies;
(3) Borrow money, except from a bank, with such borrowing to be limited
to more than 5% of net assets (see Borrowing above);
(4) Make loans, except by purchase of debt obligations in
which the Fund may invest in accordance with its investment policies, or except by entering into qualified repurchase agreements with respect to not more than 25% of its total assets (taken at current value). This policy does not prevent the Fund
from lending its portfolio securities to the extent permitted by its fundamental restrictions and policies, or prevent a Fund from purchasing debt obligations, entering into repurchase agreements, or investment in loans, including assignments and
participation interests;
(5) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers except that, in the disposition of
portfolio securities, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under the federal securities laws;
(6) Purchase or sell real
estate, although the Fund may purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate, securities which are secured by interests in real estate, securities which represent interests in real estate, securities which are secured by or represent
interests in real estate that are issued or backed by the United States government, its agencies or instrumentalities, and they may acquire and dispose of real estate or interests in real estate acquired through the exercise of their rights as a
holder of debt obligations secured by real estate or interests therein;
(7) Purchase or sell commodities, except that the
Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts and options, may enter into foreign exchange contracts and may enter into swap agreements and other financial transactions not requiring the delivery of physical commodities, including but not limited to,
purchasing or selling commodity exchange-traded funds or exchange-traded notes; and
(8) Issue senior securities, except for
permitted borrowings or as otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act.
Restrictions (3) and (8) above shall be
interpreted based upon no-action letters and other pronouncements of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Under current pronouncements, certain Fund positions are excluded from the definition of senior
security so long as the fund maintains adequate cover, segregation of assets or otherwise. See Borrowing above.
For the purposes of Restriction (2), the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund currently intends to use the Standard Industrial Classification System (SIC). The Fund may use other classification
titles, standards, and systems from time to time, as it determines to be in the best interests of shareholders. These classifications are not fundamental policies of the Fund. The Fund may use other classification titles, standards and systems from
time to time.
22
Emerald Banking and Finance Fund - Non-Fundamental Investment Limitations
In addition, it is contrary to the Emerald Banking and Finance Funds present policy, which may be changed without shareholder vote,
to:
(1) Purchase any illiquid security, including any securities whose disposition is restricted under federal securities
laws and securities that are not readily marketable, if, as a result, more than 15% of the Funds total net assets (based on then-current value) would then be invested in such securities;
(2) Invest less than 80% of the value of the Funds assets (net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in
stocks of companies principally engaged in the banking or financial services industries;
(3) Invest in the securities of
other investment companies (except in no-load, open-end money market mutual funds, and except in the case of acquiring such companies through merger, consolidation or acquisition of assets); the Fund will not invest more than 10% of its total
current assets in shares of other investment companies nor invest more than 5% of its total current assets in a single investment company;
(4) Purchase or hold the securities of any issuer if the officers or trustees of the Fund or the Adviser (i) individually own more than 0.5% of the outstanding securities of the issuer, or
(ii) collectively own more than 5% of the outstanding securities.
For purposes of Restriction (1) above, the staff
of the SEC is presently of the view that repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days are subject to this restriction. Until that position is revised, modified or rescinded, the Fund will conduct their operations in a manner consistent
with this view. This limitation on investment in illiquid securities does not apply to certain restricted securities, including securities pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and certain commercial paper, which the Adviser has determined
to be liquid under procedures approved by the Board.
Emerald Growth Fund Fundamental Investment Limitations
The Emerald Growth Fund may
not
:
(1) Purchase securities of an issuer (other than the U.S. Government, its agencies, instrumentalities or authorities, or repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Government securities, and securities
of other investment companies) if: (a) such purchase would, at the time, cause more than 5% of the Funds total assets taken at market value to be invested in the securities of such issuer,
except
that
if the Fund receives
subscription rights to purchase securities of an issuer whose securities the Fund holds, and if the Fund exercises such subscription rights at a time when the Funds portfolio holdings of securities of that issuer would otherwise exceed this
limit, it will not constitute a violation if, prior to the receipt of securities from the exercise of such rights, and after announcement of such rights, the Fund sells at least as many securities of the same class and value as it would receive on
exercise of such rights; or (b) such purchase would, at the time, result in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer being held by the Fund;
23
(2) Purchase securities which would cause 15% or more of the value of its total assets at
the time of purchase to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries (excluding the U.S. Government and its agencies and instrumentalities);
(3) Borrow money, except from a bank, with such borrowing to be limited to more than 5% of net assets (see
Borrowing above);
(4) Make loans, except by purchase of debt obligations in which the Fund may invest in
accordance with its investment policies, or except by entering into qualified repurchase agreements with respect to not more than 25% of its total assets (taken at current value). This policy does not prevent the Fund from lending its portfolio
securities to the extent permitted by its fundamental restrictions and policies, or prevent a Fund from purchasing debt obligations, entering into repurchase agreements, or investment in loans, including assignments and participation interests;
(5) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers except that, in the disposition of portfolio securities, it may be
deemed to be an underwriter under the federal securities laws;
(6) Purchase or sell real estate, although the Fund may
purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate, securities which are secured by interests in real estate, securities which represent interests in real estate, securities which are secured by or represent interests in real estate that are
issued or backed by the United States government, its agencies or instrumentalities, and they may acquire and dispose of real estate or interests in real estate acquired through the exercise of their rights as a holder of debt obligations secured by
real estate or interests therein;
(7) Purchase or sell commodities, except that the Fund may purchase and sell futures
contracts and options, may enter into foreign exchange contracts and may enter into swap agreements and other financial transactions not requiring the delivery of physical commodities, including but not limited to, purchasing or selling commodity
exchange-traded funds or exchange-traded notes; and
(8) Issue senior securities, except for permitted borrowings or as
otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act.
Restrictions (3) and (8) above shall be interpreted based upon no-action
letters and other pronouncements of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Under current pronouncements, certain Fund positions are excluded from the definition of senior security so long as the fund
maintains adequate cover, segregation of assets or otherwise. See Borrowing above.
For the purposes of
Restriction (2), the Emerald Growth Fund currently intends to use the Standard Industrial Classification System (SIC). The Fund may use other classification titles, standards, and systems from time to time, as it determines to be in the
best interests of shareholders. These classifications are not fundamental policies of the Fund. The Fund may use other classification titles, standards and systems from time to time.
Emerald Growth Fund - Non-Fundamental Investment Limitations
In addition,
it is contrary to the Emerald Growth Funds present policy, which may be changed without shareholder vote, to:
24
(1) Purchase any illiquid security, including any securities whose disposition is restricted
under federal securities laws and securities that are not readily marketable, if, as a result, more than 15% of the Funds total net assets (based on then-current value) would then be invested in such securities;
(2) Invest in, write, or sell put or call options, straddles, spreads or combinations thereof;
(3) Make short sales;
(4) Pledge, mortgage or hypothecate assets, except to secure borrowings permitted by Item (3) above, and then only pledge securities not exceeding ten percent (10%) of the Funds total
assets (at current value);
(5) Purchase securities on margin, except such short-term credits as may be necessary for the
clearance of purchases and sales of securities;
(6) Invest in the securities of other investment companies (except in
no-load, open-end money market mutual funds, and except in the case of acquiring such companies through merger, consolidation or acquisition of assets); the Fund will not invest more than 10% of its total current assets in shares of other investment
companies nor invest more than 5% of its total current assets in a single investment company;
(7) Purchase or hold the
securities of any issuer if the officers or trustees of the Fund or the Adviser (i) individually own more than 0.5% of the outstanding securities of the issuer, or (ii) collectively own more than 5% of the outstanding securities.
For purposes of Restriction (1) above, the staff of the SEC is presently of the view that repurchase agreements maturing
in more than seven days are subject to this restriction. Until that position is revised, modified or rescinded, the Fund will conduct their operations in a manner consistent with this view. This limitation on investment in illiquid securities does
not apply to certain restricted securities, including securities pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and certain commercial paper, which the Adviser has determined to be liquid under procedures approved by the Board.
POR
TFOLIO TURNOVER
Purchases and sales of portfolio securities may be made as considered advisable by the Adviser in the best interests of the shareholders. Each Funds portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to
year, as well as within a year. Each Funds distributions of any net short-term capital gains realized from portfolio transactions are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In addition, higher portfolio turnover rates can result in
corresponding increases in portfolio transaction costs for a Fund. See Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage in this SAI.
For reporting purposes, each Funds portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value
of the portfolio securities owned by the Fund during the fiscal year. In determining such portfolio turnover, all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less are excluded. A 100% portfolio turnover rate would occur,
for example, if all of the securities in a Funds investment portfolio (other than short-term money market securities) were replaced once during the fiscal year. Portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor should the Adviser deem it
advisable to purchase or sell securities.
25
DI
SCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Trust has adopted the following policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the securities held by the Funds. The Funds
currently disclose their portfolio holdings, as of the end of each month, on their website at
www.emeraldmutualfunds.com
. Portfolio holdings as of
month-end are posted on the 21st day of the next succeeding month (or, if the 21st day is not a business day, then on the next business day). However, the policy and procedures set forth below do not prevent the sharing of the Funds holdings
under the specific exceptions to disclosure provided below:
(1) Disclosures that are required by law;
(2) Disclosures necessary for service providers, which includes but are not limited to the Adviser, administrator, custodian, accounting
agent, technology providers or any other entity that has a need to know such information in order to fulfill its contractual obligations to provide services to the Fund to perform legitimate business functions for the benefit of the Trust;
(3) Disclosures necessary for rating agencies to assess applicable fund ratings;
(4) Disclosures necessary to broker-dealers or banks as part of the normal buying, selling, shorting or other transactions in portfolio
securities;
(5) Disclosures to the Funds or service providers regulatory authorities, accountants or counsel; and
(6) Disclosures to the Adviser of the Fund of compiled data concerning accounts managed by the Adviser.
The full holdings of each Fund will also be disclosed on a quarterly basis on forms required to be filed with the SEC as follows:
(i) portfolio holdings as of the end of each fiscal year will be filed as part of the annual report filed on Form N-CSR; (ii) portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarter will be filed in Form N-Q; and
(iii) portfolio holdings as of the end of each six month period will be filed as part of the semi-annual report filed on Form N-CSR. The Trusts Form N-CSRs and Form N-Qs are available on the SECs website at
www.sec.gov
.
The Board will periodically review the list of entities that have received holdings of a Fund to ensure that the disclosure
of the information was in the best interest of shareholders, identify any potential for conflicts of interest, and evaluate the effectiveness of its current portfolio holding policy.
Only officers of the Trust and their authorized agents may approve the disclosure of a Funds holdings. In all cases, eligible third
parties/service providers are required to execute a non-disclosure agreement requiring the recipient to keep confidential any portfolio holdings information received and not to trade on the nonpublic information received. Neither the Trust nor its
Service Providers (or any persons affiliated with either) receives any compensation or other consideration in connection with the sharing of the Funds holdings.
The identity of such entities is provided below:
26
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Name
of Recipient
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Frequency of
Holdings Disclosure
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Information
Lag
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Date of
Information
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Date
Provided
to
Recipients
|
Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust
(Adviser)
|
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Daily
|
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None
|
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Daily
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Daily
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ALPS
Fund Services, Inc.
(Administrator)
|
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Daily
|
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None
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Daily
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Daily
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Union
Bank, N.A.
(Custodian)
|
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Daily
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None
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Daily
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Daily
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Deloitte & Touche LLP
(Accountant)
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As needed
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None
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As needed
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As needed
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Davis
Graham & Stubbs LLP
(Counsel)
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As needed
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None
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As needed
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As needed
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Pepper
Hamilton LLP
(Counsel to the Adviser)
|
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As needed
|
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None
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As needed
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As needed
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FactSet Research Systems
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Daily
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None
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Daily
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Daily
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Electra Information Systems Inc.
|
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Daily
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None
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Daily
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Daily
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Glass,
Lewis & Co
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As needed
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None
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As needed
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As needed
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Bloomberg, LP
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Daily
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None
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Daily
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Daily
|
The Board has adopted, on behalf of each Fund, policies and procedures relating to disclosure of the
portfolio securities. These policies and procedures are designed to protect the confidentiality of the portfolio holdings information and to prevent the selective disclosure of such information. These policies and procedures may be modified at any
time with the approval of the Board.
27
Disclosure of the portfolio holdings information that is not publicly available
(Confidential Portfolio Information) may be made to the Adviser or to the Funds custodian, transfer agent, administrator and principal underwriter. In addition, to the extent permitted under applicable law, the Adviser may
distribute (or authorize the custodian or principal underwriter to distribute) Confidential Portfolio Information to the Funds relevant service providers (such as custodial services, pricing services, proxy voting services, accounting and
auditing services, counsel and research and trading services) that require access to such information in order to fulfill their contractual duties with respect to the Fund (Service Providers) and to facilitate the review of the Fund by
certain mutual fund analysts and ratings agencies (such as Morningstar and Lipper Analytical Services) (Rating Agencies); provided that such disclosure is limited to the information that the Adviser believes is reasonably necessary in
connection with the services to be provided. Except to the extent permitted under the portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures, Confidential Portfolio Information may not be disseminated for compensation or other consideration.
Before any disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information to Service Providers or Rating Agencies is permitted, the
Advisers Chief Compliance Officer (or persons designated by the Advisers Chief Compliance Officer) must determine that, under the circumstances, the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose. Furthermore, the recipient
of Confidential Portfolio Information by a Service Provider or Rating Agency must be subject to a written confidentiality agreement that prohibits any trading upon the Confidential Portfolio Information or the recipient must be subject to
professional or ethical obligations not to disclose or otherwise improperly use the information, such as would apply to independent registered public accounting firms or legal counsel.
Exceptions to these procedures may only be made if an officer of the Fund or the Chief Executive Officer of the Adviser determines that
the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose, and must be reported to the Board on a quarterly basis.
The
Adviser shall have primary responsibility for ensuring that the portfolio holdings information is only disclosed in accordance with these policies. As part of this responsibility, the Adviser will maintain such internal policies and procedures as it
believes are reasonably necessary for preventing the unauthorized disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information.
P
ORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
Investment Decisions and Portfolio Transactions
Investment decisions for the Fund are made with a view to achieving its investment objectives. Investment decisions are the product of
many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular client involved (including the Fund). Some securities considered for investment by the Fund may also be appropriate for other clients served by the Adviser. Thus, a particular security
may be bought or sold for certain clients even though it could have been bought or sold for other clients at the same time. If a purchase or sale of securities consistent with the investment policies of the Fund and one or more of these clients is
considered at or about the same time, transactions in such securities will be allocated among the Fund and clients in a manner deemed fair and reasonable by the Adviser. Particularly when investing in less liquid or illiquid securities of smaller
capitalization companies, such allocation may take into account the asset size of the Fund in determining whether the allocation of an investment is suitable. The Adviser may aggregate orders for the Fund with simultaneous transactions entered into
on behalf of its other clients so long as price and transaction expenses are averaged either for the portfolio
28
transaction or for that day. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more clients are selling the security. In some instances, one client may sell a
particular security to another client. It also sometimes happens that two or more clients simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, in which event each days transactions in such security are, insofar as possible, averaged as to price
and allocated between such clients in a manner which in the Advisers opinion is equitable to each and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each. There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of portfolio securities for
one or more clients will have an adverse effect on other clients, including the Fund.
Brokerage and Research Services
The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities, options and futures contracts and buys and sells such
securities, options and futures for the Fund through a substantial number of brokers and dealers. In so doing, the Adviser uses its best efforts to obtain for the Fund the most favorable price and execution available, except to the extent it may be
permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions as described below. In seeking the most favorable price and execution, the Adviser, having in mind the Funds best interests, considers all factors it deems relevant, including, by way of
illustration, price, the size of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security, the amount of the commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the reputation, experience and financial stability
of the broker-dealer involved and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer in that or other transactions.
The
Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio investments for the Funds accounts with brokers or dealers selected by it in its discretion. In effecting purchases and sales of portfolio securities for the accounts of the Fund,
the Adviser will seek the best price and execution of the Funds orders. In doing so, the Fund may pay higher commission rates than the lowest available when the Adviser believes it is reasonable to do so in light of the value of the brokerage
and research services provided by the broker effecting the transaction, as discussed below. Although the Fund may use a broker-dealer that sells Fund shares to effect transactions for the Funds portfolios, the Fund will not consider the sale
of Fund shares as a factor when selecting broker-dealers to execute those transactions.
There is generally no stated
commission in the case of fixed-income securities and other securities traded on a principal basis in the over-the-counter markets, but the price paid by the Fund usually includes an undisclosed dealer commission or markup. In underwritten
offerings, the price paid by the Fund includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Transactions on U.S. stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment by the Fund of negotiated
brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different brokers. Also, a particular broker may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction. Transactions in non-U.S. securities generally
involve the payment of fixed brokerage commissions, which are generally higher than those in the United States. The purchase by the Fund of participations or assignments may be pursuant to privately negotiated transactions pursuant to which the Fund
may by required to pay fees to the seller or forego a portion of payments in respect of the participation agreement.
Advisers
or sub-advisers of investment companies and other institutional investors receive research and brokerage products and services (together, services) from broker-dealers which execute portfolio transactions for the clients of such
advisers. Consistent with this practice, the Adviser receives brokerage and research products and services from many broker-dealers with which the Adviser places the Funds
29
portfolio transactions. These services, which in some cases may also be purchased for cash, may include, among other things, such items as general economic and security market reviews, industry
and company reviews, evaluations of securities, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities, and services related to the execution of securities transactions. The advisory fees paid by the Fund are not reduced because the Adviser
receives such services even though the receipt of such services relieves the Adviser from expenses it might otherwise bear. Research and brokerage services provided by broker-dealers chosen by the Adviser to place the Funds portfolio
transactions may be useful to the Adviser in providing services to the Advisers other clients, although not all of these services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing the Fund. Conversely, brokerage and research
products and services provided to the Adviser by broker-dealers in connection with trades executed on behalf of other clients of the Adviser may be useful to the Adviser in managing the Fund, although not all of these brokerage and research products
and services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing such other clients.
In reliance on the
safe harbor provided by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act), an Adviser may cause the Fund to pay a broker-dealer which provides brokerage and research services (as
defined for purposes of Section 28(e)) to the Adviser an amount of commission for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the commission which another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the
Adviser determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker-dealer viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the Advisers overall
responsibilities to the advisory accounts for which it exercises investment discretion.
The Adviser may place orders for the
purchase and sale of exchange-listed portfolio securities with a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser where, in the judgment of the Adviser, such firm will be able to obtain a price and execution at least as favorable as other qualified
broker-dealers. Pursuant to rules of the SEC, a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser may receive and retain compensation for effecting portfolio transactions for the Fund on a securities exchange if the commissions paid to such an
affiliated broker-dealer by the Fund on exchange transactions do not exceed usual and customary brokerage commissions. The rules define usual and customary commissions to include amounts which are reasonable and fair
compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received or to be received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on a securities exchange during a comparable period of
time. As required by applicable SEC rules, the Board has adopted procedures which are reasonably designed to provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to an affiliated broker are consistent with the foregoing standards.
The following tables list the total amount of brokerage commissions paid by each Predecessor Fund for the fiscal year or
period noted:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
12/31/11
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
12/31/10
|
|
Fiscal Year
Ended
12/31/09
|
Forward Banking and Finance Fund
|
|
$74,009
|
|
$92,147
|
|
$188,058
|
Forward Growth Fund
|
|
$334,936
|
|
$340,003
|
|
$591,930
|
30
PURC
HASE, EXCHANGE & REDEMPTION OF SHARES
ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (the Transfer Agent), will maintain an account for each shareholder upon which the
registration and transfer of shares are recorded, and any transfers shall be reflected by bookkeeping entry, without physical delivery. Confirmations of each purchase, exchange or redemption are sent to each shareholder. Quarterly statements of
account are sent which include shares purchased as a result of a reinvestment of Fund distributions. The Transfer Agent will require that a shareholder provide requests in writing, accompanied by a valid signature guarantee form, when changing
certain information in an account (i.e., wiring instructions, telephone privileges, etc.).
Share Classes
Shares of each Fund are currently divided into four share classes Class A, Class C, Institutional Class and Investor Class
shares.
The assets received by each class of the Fund for the issue or sale of its shares and all income, earnings, profits,
losses and proceeds therefrom, subject only to the rights of creditors, are allocated to, and constitute the underlying assets of, that class of the Fund. The underlying assets of each class of the Fund are segregated and are charged with the
expenses with respect to that class of the Fund along with a share of the general expenses of the Fund and Trust. Any general expenses of the Fund that are not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular class of the Fund are allocated by or
under the direction of the Trustees in such manner as they determine to be fair and equitable.
Purchase of Shares
The following table lists the sales charges that will be applied to your share purchase, subject to the breakpoint discounts indicated in
the tables and described below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Amount
|
|
Class A
(Sales Charge)**
|
|
Class A
Dealer Concession
as a Percentage of
Offering Price
|
|
Class C
(Sales
Charge)
|
|
Institutional
Class
(Sales
Charge)
|
|
Investor
Class
(Sales
Charge)
|
Less than $50,000
|
|
4.75%
|
|
4.25%
|
|
None*
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
$50,000 to $249,999.99
|
|
3.75%
|
|
3.25%
|
|
None*
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
$250,000 to $499,999.99
|
|
2.75%
|
|
2.50%
|
|
None*
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
$500,000 to $999,999.99
|
|
2.25%
|
|
2.00%
|
|
None*
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
$1 million or greater
|
|
0.00%
|
|
0.00%
|
|
None*
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
* A contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% may apply to shares redeemed within 12 months of
purchase.
** Based on the amount you invest in a Fund; sales charge calculated as a percentage of the offering price and not
NAV.
Class A shares are generally offered directly and through financial intermediary platforms including, but not
limited to, traditional brokerage platforms, mutual fund wrap fee programs, bank trust platforms, and retirement platforms. Class A shares offer the ability for payment of up to 4.75% of the offering price for payment to financial
intermediaries for the provision of general distribution services, up to 0.35% of net assets for 12b-1 distribution and services. In addition, the shares offer the ability for payment to
31
financial intermediaries for the provision of administrative services, including recordkeeping, subaccounting, order processing for omnibus or networked accounts, or other shareholder services
provided on behalf of their clients. Consult with your financial intermediary representative for additional information on whether the shares are an appropriate investment choice. Broker-Dealers who make shares available through mutual fund wrap
accounts may impose additional fees for services connected to the wrap account. Investments of $50,000 or more, either as a lump sum or though the Funds accumulation or letter of intent programs may be eligible for a waiver of all or part of
the 4.75% initial sales charge (load).
Class C shares are generally offered directly and through financial intermediary
platforms including, but not limited to, traditional brokerage platforms, mutual fund wrap fee programs, bank trust platforms, and retirement platforms. A contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% may apply to Class C shares redeemed within the
first year after a purchase (see
Redemption of Shares - Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (CDSC) below)
. Class C shares offer the ability for payment of up to 0.75% of net assets for 12b-1 distribution and services, and up to 0.25%
of net assets for the provision of other shareholder services to financial intermediaries on behalf of their clients. In addition, the shares offer the ability for payment to financial intermediaries for the provision of administrative services,
including recordkeeping, subaccounting, order processing for omnibus or networked accounts, or other shareholder services provided on behalf of their clients. Consult with your financial intermediary representative for additional information on
whether the shares are an appropriate investment choice. Broker-Dealers who make shares available through mutual fund wrap accounts may impose additional fees for services connected to the wrap account. The maximum purchase amount for Class C Shares
is $999,999.99. Purchases of $1 million or more are invested in Class A shares because there is no CDSC for shares held less than 12 months and Class A shares annual expenses are lower.
Institutional Class shares are generally offered to institutional investors who invest at least $100,000.
Investor Class shares are offered to those investors who were investors in the Predecessor Funds prior to the effective date of the
Transition of the Funds to the FIT Trust and who were not assigned to a broker-dealer distributor.
Other Information
The minimum initial investments in each Fund are set forth in the Prospectus. Subsequent purchases may be made in any
amount.
Subsequent investments may be made at any time by mailing a check to a Funds Transfer Agent, along with a
detachable stub from the Statement of Account (or a letter providing the account number). Shareholders should be sure to write the Funds account number on the check. Purchases of Fund shares (initial or subsequent) may not be made by third
party check.
Shares of a Fund may be purchased on any business day at the net asset value per share next determined after
receipt of a purchase order. Share certificates will not be issued. Share purchase orders are effective on the date a Fund receives a completed Account Application Form (and other required documents) and federal funds become available.
Initial and subsequent investments may also be made by wire transfer. Shareholders should note that their bank may charge a fee in
connection with transferring money by bank wire.
32
For a share purchase order for a Fund to become effective on a particular business day,
prior to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time): (i) in the case of a wire transfer payment, a purchaser must call 1-855-828-9909 to inform the Transfer Agent of an incoming wire transfer; or (ii) in the case of payment by check or money order, a
complete share purchase order must be actually received by the Transfer Agent, and, in either case, federal funds must be received by the Transfer Agent, on behalf of the Fund. If federal funds are received by the Transfer Agent that same day, the
order will be effective on that day. If a Fund receives notification of a wire transfer or a complete share purchase order after 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time), or if federal funds are not received by the Transfer Agent, such purchase order shall be
executed as of the date that federal funds are actually received.
Investor Class shares may also be purchased online
via
www.emeraldmutualfunds.com
.
The price of a Funds shares and the valuation of Fund assets are discussed in Net Asset Value.
Exchanging Shares
If you have held all or part of your shares in a Fund
for at least seven days, you may exchange those shares for shares of the same class of any of the following funds if such Fund is available for sale in your state and meets your investment criteria:
|
|
|
Emerald Banking and Finance
Fund
|
|
Emerald Growth Fund
|
If you are an existing shareholder of a Fund, you may exchange into a new account copying your existing
account registration and options. Exchanges between accounts will be accepted only if registrations are identical.
Exchanges
must meet the minimum investment requirements described in the applicable Funds prospectus.
Before effecting an
exchange, you should read the prospectus for the fund into which you are exchanging.
An exchange represents the sale of
shares from one fund and the purchase of shares of another fund. Under the U.S. federal income tax law, this may produce a taxable gain or loss in your non-tax-deferred account. Transfers between classes of a Fund are generally not considered a
taxable transaction.
The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated upon sixty (60) days written notice to
shareholders. Although initially there will be no limit on the number of times you may exercise the exchange privilege, each Fund reserves the right to impose such a limitation. Call or write each Fund for further details.
Redemption of Shares
If the Board determines that it is in the best interests of the remaining shareholders of a Fund, a Fund may pay the redemption
price in whole, or in part, by a distribution in kind from the Fund, in lieu of cash, taking such securities at their value employed for determining such redemption price, and selecting the securities in such manner as such Board may deem fair
and equitable. A shareholder who receives a
33
distribution in kind may incur a brokerage commission upon a later disposition of such securities and may receive less than the redemption value of such securities or property upon
sale, particularly where such securities are sold prior to maturity. However, each Fund is required to redeem shares solely for cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund during any 90-day period for any one shareholder. Should
redemptions by any shareholder exceed such limitation, the Fund will have the option of redeeming the excess in cash or in-kind. Redemption in kind is not as liquid as a cash redemption.
Under the 1940 Act, each Fund may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for any period:
(i) during which the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings; (ii) during which trading on the NYSE is restricted; or (iii) during which (as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation) an emergency
exists as a result of which disposal or valuation of portfolio securities is not reasonably practicable, or for such other periods as the SEC may permit. Each Fund may also suspend or postpone the recordation of the transfer of its shares
upon the occurrence of any of the foregoing conditions.
Redemption Procedures.
Each Fund will redeem all full and
fractional shares of the Fund upon request on any business day at the applicable net asset value determined after the receipt of proper redemption instructions, less any applicable redemption fees. Shareholders liquidating their holdings will
receive upon redemption all dividends reinvested through the date of redemption. If notice of redemption is received on any business day, the redemption will be effective on the date of receipt. Payment will ordinarily be made by wire on the next
business day, but, in any case, within no more than seven business days from the date of receipt. If the notice is received on a day that is not a business day or after the close of regularly scheduled trading on the NYSE, the redemption notice will
be deemed received as of the next business day. The value of shares at the time of redemption may be more or less than the shareholders cost.
No redemption requests will be processed until a Fund has received a completed Purchase Application, and no redemption of shares purchased by check will be made until all checks received for such shares
have been collected, which may take up to 10 days or more.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (CDSC).
Class C share purchases may be charged a CDSC of 1% if those shares are redeemed within 12 months of initial purchase. Each Fund may waive the imposition of a CDSC on redemption of Fund shares under certain circumstances and conditions,
including without limitation, the following:
|
|
Redemptions following the death or permanent disability (as defined by Section 72(m)(7) of the Code) of a shareholder if made within one
year of death or the initial determination of permanent disability. The waiver is available only for shares held at the time of death or initial determination of permanent disability: and
|
|
|
Required minimum distributions from a tax-deferred retirement plan or an individual retirement account (IRA) as required under the Code. The waiver
of the CDSC for required distributions will be as a percentage of assets held in the Fund.
|
If you think you
may be eligible for a CDSC waiver, contact your financial intermediary. You must notify the Fund prior to the redemption request to ensure your receipt of the waiver.
34
Redemption By Mail.
Shares may be redeemed by mail by submitting a written
request from the registered owner(s) signed exactly as shares are registered. Signature guarantees by an acceptable guarantor are required to redeem amounts greater than $50,000 or to have proceeds sent to an address other than the address of
record. The Transfer Agent has adopted standards and procedures pursuant to which signature-guarantees in proper form generally will be accepted from domestic banks, brokers, dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered
securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations, as well as from participants in the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Signature Program, the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program (STAMP) and the Stock
Exchanges Medallion Program. Shareholders with any questions regarding signature-guarantees should contact the Transfer Agent.
In certain instances, the Transfer Agent may require additional documents such as, but not limited to, trust instruments, death
certificates, appointments as executor or administrator or certificates of corporate authority.
Checks for redemption
proceeds will be mailed to the address of record within seven days of redemption.
Redemption By Wire.
If redemption by
wire has been elected in the Purchase Application, shares may be redeemed on any business day upon request made by telephone or letter. A shareholder or any authorized agent (so designated on the Account Application Form) must provide the
Transfer Agent with the dollar or share amount to be redeemed, the account to which the redemption proceeds should be wired, the name of the shareholder and the shareholders account number. Shareholders should note that their bank
may charge a fee in connection with transferring money by wire.
A shareholder may change its authorized agent, the
address of record or the account designated to receive redemption proceeds at any time by providing the Transfer Agent with written instructions signature guaranteed as described above.
Telephone Redemption.
A shareholder may request redemption by calling the Transfer Agent at 1-855-828-9909. Proceeds from
telephone redemptions will be forwarded to the shareholder by check unless the shareholder has requested redemption by wire in the manner described above under Redemption by Wire. The check will be made only payable to the registered
shareholder and sent to the address of record on file with the Transfer Agent. Each Fund reserves the right to refuse a telephone request for redemption if it is believed advisable to do so. Procedures for redeeming shares by telephone may be
modified or terminated at any time by the Fund. Neither any Fund nor the Transfer Agent will be liable for following redemption instructions received by telephone which are reasonably believed to be genuine, and the shareholder will bear the risk of
loss in the event of unauthorized or fraudulent telephone instructions. Each Fund will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. The Fund and/or the Transfer Agent may be liable for any
losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions if they do not follow such procedures. Each Fund may require personal identification codes.
Internet
. Investor Class shareholders may also redeem shares online via
www.emeraldmutualfunds.com
.
35
Rule 12b-1 Plans
Each Fund has adopted a separate plan of distribution for its Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares, pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (each, a Plan and collectively, the
Plans).
The Plans allow each Fund, as applicable, to use Class A, Class C and Investor Class assets to pay
fees in connection with the distribution and marketing of Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares and/or the provision of shareholder services to Class A, Class C and Investor Class shareholders. The Plan permits payment for services in
connection with the administration of plans or programs that use Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares of the Fund as their funding medium and for related expenses.
The Plans permit each Fund to make total payments at an annual rate of up to 0.35% of a Funds average daily net assets attributable to its Class A shares, 0.75% of a Funds average daily
net assets attributable to its Class C shares and 0.25% a Funds average daily net assets attributable to its Investor Class Shares. Because these 12b-1 fees are paid out of a Funds Class A, Class C and Investor Class assets on an
ongoing basis, over time they will increase the cost of an investment in Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares, and Plan fees may cost an investor more than other types of sales charges.
Under the terms of the Plan, the Trust is authorized to make payments to ADI for remittance to retirement plan service providers,
broker-dealers, bank trust departments, financial advisors, and other financial intermediaries, as compensation for distribution and/or shareholder services performed by such entities for their customers who are investors in the Fund. Financial
intermediaries may from time to time be required to meet certain criteria in order to receive 12b-1 fees. ADI is entitled to retain all fees paid under the Plan for the first 12 months on any investment in Class C Shares to recoup its expenses with
respect to the payment of commissions on sales of Class C Shares. Financial intermediaries will become eligible for compensation under the Class C Plan beginning in the 13th month following the purchase of Class C Shares, although ADI may, pursuant
to a written agreement between ADI and a particular financial intermediary, pay such financial intermediary 12b-1 fees prior to the 13th month following the purchase of Class C Shares. ADI is entitled to retain some or all fees payable under the
Plan in certain circumstances, including when there is no broker of record or when certain qualification standards have not been met by the broker of record. The Plan may be terminated by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or by vote of
a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the relevant class of shares of a Fund. The Plan may be amended by vote of the relevant Trustees, including a majority of the relevant Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for
that purpose. Any change in the Plan that would materially increase the fees payable thereunder by the relevant class of shares of a Fund requires approval by a vote of the holders of a majority of such shares outstanding. The Trustees review
quarterly written reports of such costs and the purposes for which such costs have been incurred.
The Plan will continue in
effect for successive one-year periods, provided that each such continuance is specifically approved (i) by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees of the Trust who have no financial interest in the operation of the Plan and
(ii) by the vote of a majority of the entire Board cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose.
Shareholder Services Plan for
Class C Shares
Each Fund has adopted a shareholder services plan (a Class C Shareholder Services Plan) with
respect to the Funds Class C shares. Under the Class C Shareholder Services Plan, each Fund is authorized to pay banks and their affiliates and other institutions, including broker-dealers and Fund affiliates
36
(Participating Organizations), an aggregate fee in an amount not to exceed on an annual basis 0.25% for Class C shares of the average daily net asset value of the Class C shares of
the Fund attributable to or held in the name of a Participating Organization for its clients as compensation for providing shareholder service activities, which do not include distribution services, pursuant to an agreement with a Participating
Organization. Any amount of such payment not paid during a Funds fiscal year for such service activities shall be reimbursed to such Fund as soon as practicable after the end of the fiscal year.
Shareholder Services Plan for Institutional Class Shares
Each Fund has adopted a shareholder services plan (an Institutional
Class Shareholder Services Plan) with respect to the Funds Institutional Class shares. Under the Institutional Class Shareholder Services Plan, each of the aforementioned Funds is authorized to pay banks and their affiliates and other
institutions, including broker-dealers and Fund affiliates (Participating Organizations), an aggregate fee in an amount not to exceed on an annual basis 0.05% for Institutional Class shares of the average daily net asset value of the
Institutional Class shares of a Fund attributable to or held in the name of a Participating Organization for its clients as compensation for providing service activities pursuant to an agreement with a Participating Organization. Any amount of such
payment not paid during a Funds fiscal year for such service activities shall be reimbursed to such Fund as soon as practicable after the end of the fiscal year.
Shareholder Services Plan for Investor Class Shares
Each Fund has adopted a shareholder services plan (an Investor Class Shareholder Services Plan) with respect to the Funds
Investor Class shares. Under the Investor Class Shareholder Services Plan, each of the aforementioned Funds is authorized to pay banks and their affiliates and other institutions, including broker-dealers and Fund affiliates (Participating
Organizations), an aggregate fee in an amount not to exceed on an annual basis 0.15% for Investor Class shares of the average daily net asset value of the Investor Class shares of a Fund attributable to or held in the name of a Participating
Organization for its clients as compensation for providing service activities pursuant to an agreement with a Participating Organization. Any amount of such payment not paid during a Funds fiscal year for such service activities shall be
reimbursed to such Fund as soon as practicable after the end of the fiscal year.
37
TR
USTEES AND OFFICERS
The business and affairs of each Fund are managed under the direction of its Board. The Board approves all significant agreements between
a Fund and the persons or companies that furnish services to the Fund, including agreements with its distributor, Adviser, administrator, custodian and transfer agent. The day-to-day operations of each Fund are delegated to the Funds Adviser
and administrator.
The name, address, age and principal occupations for the past five years of the Trustees and officers of
the Trust are listed below, along with the number of portfolios in the Fund complex overseen by and the other directorships held by each Trustee.
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name,
Address*
& Age
|
|
Position(s)
Held with
Fund
|
|
Term of
Office and
Length of
Time
Served
|
|
Principal
Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years**
|
|
Number
of
Funds in
Fund
Complex
Overseen
by
Trustee
***
|
|
Other
Directorships
Held by
Trustee During Past 5
Years**
|
Mary K.
Anstine
,
age 71
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Ms. Anstine was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on March 21, 1997 and re-elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7,
2009.
|
|
Ms. Anstine was President/Chief Executive Officer of HealthONE Alliance, Denver, Colorado, and former Executive Vice
President of First Interstate Bank of Denver. Ms. Anstine is also Trustee/Director of AV Hunter Trust and Colorado Uplift Board. Ms. Anstine was formerly a Director of the Trust Bank of Colorado (later purchased and now known as Northern Trust
Bank), HealthONE and Denver Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America, and a member of the American Bankers Association Trust Executive Committee.
|
|
20
|
|
Ms. Anstine is a Trustee of ALPS ETF Trust (5 funds); Financial Investors Variable Insurance Trust (5 funds); Reaves Utility Income Fund (1 fund); and Westcore
Trust (12 funds).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John R.
Moran, Jr.,
age 81
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Mr. Moran was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on March 21, 1997 and re-elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7,
2009.
|
|
Mr. Moran is formerly President and CEO of The Colorado Trust, a private foundation serving the health and hospital
community in the state of Colorado. An attorney, Mr. Moran was formerly a partner with the firm of Kutak Rock & Campbell in Denver, Colorado and a member of the Colorado House of Representatives. Currently, Mr. Moran is a member of the
Treasurers Investment Advisory Committee for the University of Colorado.
|
|
20
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name,
Address*
&
Age
|
|
Position(s)
Held with
Fund
|
|
Term of
Office and
Length of
Time
Served
|
|
Principal
Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years**
|
|
Number
of
Funds in
Fund
Complex
Overseen
by
Trustee
***
|
|
Other
Directorships
Held by
Trustee During Past 5
Years**
|
Jeremy W.
Deems,
age 35
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Mr. Deems was appointed as a Trustee at the March 11, 2008 meeting of the Board of Trustees and elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on
August 7, 2009.
|
|
Mr. Deems is the Co-Founder, Chief Operations Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Green Alpha Advisors, LLC. Prior
to joining Green Alpha Advisors, Mr. Deems was CFO and Treasurer of Forward Management, LLC, an investment management company, ReFlow Management Co., LLC, a liquidity resourcing company, ReFlow Fund, LLC, a private investment fund, and Sutton Place
Management, LLC, an administrative services company (from 2004 to June 2007). Prior to this, Mr. Deems served as Controller of Forward Management, LLC, ReFlow Management Co., LLC, ReFlow Fund, LLC and Sutton Place Management, LLC.
|
|
20
|
|
Mr. Deems is a Trustee of ALPS ETF Trust (5 funds); Financial Investors Variable Insurance Trust (5 funds) and Reaves Utility Income Fund (1
fund).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jerry G.
Rutledge,
age 67
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Mr. Rutledge was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009.
|
|
Mr. Rutledge is the President and owner of Rutledges Inc., a retail clothing business. Mr. Rutledge is currently
Director of the American National Bank. He was from 1994 to 2007 a Regent of the University of Colorado.
|
|
20
|
|
Mr. Rutledge is a Trustee of Clough Global Allocation Fund (1 fund), Clough Global Equity Fund (1 fund) and Clough
Global Opportunities Fund (1 fund).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael
Ross
Shell
,
age 41
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Mr. Shell was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009.
|
|
Mr. Shell is Founder and CEO of Red Idea, LLC, a strategic consulting/early stage venture firm (since June 2008). From
1999 to 2009, he was a part-owner and Director of Tesser, Inc., a brand agency. From December 2005 to May 2008, he was Director, Marketing and Investor Relations, of Woodbourne, a REIT/real estate hedge fund and private equity firm. Prior to this,
from May 2004 to November 2005, he worked as a business strategy consultant; from June 2003 to April 2004, he was on the Global Client Services team of IDEO, a product design/innovation firm; and from 1999 to 2003, he was President of Tesser, Inc.
Mr. Shell graduated with honors from Stanford University with a degree in Political Science.
|
|
20
|
|
None.
|
39
INTERESTED TRUSTEE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name,
Address*
&
Age
|
|
Position(s)
Held with
Fund
|
|
Term of Office
and Length of
Time Served
|
|
Principal
Occupation(s)
During Past 5
Years**
|
|
Number
of
Funds in
Fund
Complex
Overseen
by
Trustee
***
|
|
Other
Directorships
Held by
Trustee During Past 5
Years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Edmund
J. Burke
,
age 51
|
|
Trustee,
Chairman
and
President
|
|
Mr. Burke was elected as Chairman at the August 28, 2009 meeting of the Board of Trustees. Mr. Burke was elected as Trustee at a special meeting of shareholders held on
August 7, 2009. Mr. Burke was elected President of the Trust at the December 17, 2002 meeting of the Board of Trustees.
|
|
Mr. Burke is Chief Executive Officer and a Director of ALPS Holdings, Inc. (AHI) (since 2005) and Director of ALPS Advisors,
Inc. (AAI), ALPS Distributors, Inc. (ADI), ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (AFS) and FTAM Distributors, Inc. (FDI) and from 2001-2008, was President of AAI, ADI, AFS and FDI. Because of his positions with
AHI, AAI, ADI, AFS and FDI, Mr. Burke is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Mr. Burke is Trustee and President of the Clough Global Allocation Fund (Trustee since 2006; President since 2004); Trustee and President of the
Clough Global Equity Fund (Trustee since 2006; President since 2005); Trustee and President of the Clough Global Opportunities Fund (since 2006); Trustee of the Liberty All-Star Equity Fund; and Director of the Liberty All-Star Growth Fund,
Inc.
|
|
20
|
|
Mr. Burke is a Trustee of Clough Global Allocation Fund (1 fund); Clough Global Equity Fund (1 fund); Clough Global Opportunities Fund (1 fund); Trustee of the Liberty All-Star
Equity Fund (1 fund); and Director of the Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc. (1 fund).
|
OFFICERS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Address* &
Age
|
|
Position(s)
Held with
Fund
|
|
Term of
Office and
Length of
Time Served
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years**
|
Jeremy O. May
,
age 41
|
|
Treasurer
|
|
Mr. May was elected Treasurer of the Trust at the October 7, 1997 meeting of the Board of Trustees.
|
|
Mr. May joined ALPS in 1995 and is currently President and Director of AFS and Executive Vice President and
Director of AHI, AAI, ADI and FDI. Because of his positions with these entities, Mr. May is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Mr. May is also the Treasurer of the Liberty All-Star Equity Fund,
Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc., Clough Global Allocation Fund, Clough Global Equity Fund, Clough Global Opportunities Fund, Financial Investors Trust and Financial Investors Variable Insurance Trust. Mr. May is also President,
Chairman and Trustee of the ALPS Variable Insurance Trust and Chairman and Trustee of the Reaves Utility Income Fund. Mr. May is currently on the Board of Directors and is Chairman of the Audit Committee of the University of Colorado
Foundation.
|
40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Address* &
Age
|
|
Position(s)
Held with
Fund
|
|
Term of
Office and
Length of
Time Served
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years**
|
JoEllen L. Legg
,
age 50
|
|
Secretary
|
|
Ms. Legg was elected Secretary of the Trust at the November 13, 2007 meeting of the Board of Trustees.
|
|
Ms. Legg joined ALPS in October 2007 and is currently Vice President and Senior Associate Counsel of ALPS, AAI, ADI and FDI. Prior to
joining ALPS, Ms. Legg served as Senior Counsel - Law (Corporate & Securities) for Adelphia Communications Corporation from February 2005 to March 2007. Prior to this, Ms. Legg held associate positions at Fried Frank
Harris Shriver & Jacobson LLP (1998 - 2004) and at Patton Boggs LLP (2004 - 2005). Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Legg is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Legg is also the Secretary of
the Transparent Value Trust and Assistant Secretary of the Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Stone Harbor Emerging Markets Debt Fund and WesMark Funds and Vice President and Secretary of Oak Associates Funds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ted Uhl
,
age 37
|
|
Chief
Compliance
Officer
(CCO)
|
|
Mr. Uhl was appointed CCO of the Trust at the June 8, 2010 meeting of the Board of Trustees.
|
|
Mr. Uhl joined ALPS in October 2006, and is currently Deputy Compliance Officer of ALPS. Prior to his current role, Mr. Uhl served as
Senior Risk Manager for ALPS from October 2006 until June 2010. Before joining ALPS, Mr. Uhl served a Sr. Analyst with Enenbach and Associates (RIA), and a Sr. Financial Analyst at Sprint. Because of his position with ALPS, Mr. Uhl is deemed an
affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kimberly R.
Storms
,
age 39
|
|
Assistant
Treasurer
|
|
Ms. Storms was elected Assistant Treasurer of the Trust at the June 14, 2005 meeting of the Board of Trustees.
|
|
Ms. Storms is Senior Vice President - Director of Fund Administration of ALPS. Ms. Storms joined ALPS in 1998 as Assistant
Controller. Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Storms is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Storms is also Treasurer of ALPS ETF Trust and ALPS Variable Insurance Trust; Assistant Treasurer of Liberty
All-Star Equity Fund and Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc.; and Assistant Secretary of Ameristock Mutual Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monette R. Nickels,
age 41
|
|
Tax Officer
|
|
Ms. Nickels was elected Tax Officer of the Trust at the December 8, 2009 meeting of the Board of Trustees.
|
|
Ms. Nickels is Senior Vice President and Director of Tax Administration of ALPS. Ms. Nickels joined ALPS in 2004 as Director of Tax
Administration. Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Nickels is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Nickels is also Tax Officer of ALPS Variable Insurance Trust, ALPS ETF Trust, Liberty All-Star Equity
Fund, Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc., Reaves Utility Income Fund, Clough Global Allocation Fund, Clough Global Opportunities Fund, Clough Global Equity Fund and Financial Investors Variable Insurance Trust.
|
*All communications to Trustees and Officers may be directed to Financial Investors Trust c/o 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, CO 80203.
**Except as otherwise indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last
five years.
41
*** The Fund Complex includes all series of the Trust and any other investment companies for which Emerald
Mutual Fund Advisers Trust provides investment advisory services.
Additional Information About the Trustees Qualifications and
Experience
The following is a brief discussion of the specific education, experience, qualifications, or skills that led
to the conclusion, as of the date of this SAI, that each person identified below should serve as a Trustee for the Trust.
Mary K. Anstine
Ms. Anstine has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust
since March 21, 1997. Currently retired, Ms. Anstine has over 30 years of financial services experience. Most recently, she was President and CEO of HealthONE Alliance, Denver, Colorado from 1994 through 2004. From 1964 to 1994,
Ms. Anstine held positions leading up to Executive Vice President of First Interstate Bank. She was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on her business and financial services experience.
Jeremy W. Deems
Mr. Deems has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since March 11, 2008. In 2007, Mr. Deems co-founded Green Alpha Advisors, LLC, a registered investment adviser, for which he currently
serves as Co-President and Chief Financial Officer. Prior to co-founding Green Alpha Advisors, Mr. Deems was CFO of Forward Management, LLC, investment advisor to the Forward Funds and Sierra Club Mutual Funds, where he was also co-portfolio
manager to the Sierra Club Stock Fund. In addition, he was the CFO of ReFlow Management Co., LLC. Prior to joining Forward and ReFlow, he served as Regional Marketing Assistant within the Investment Consulting Services Group at Morgan Stanley Dean
Witter. Mr. Deems received a B.S. and a MBA in finance from Saint Marys College of California and is a licensed Certified Public Accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. He was selected to serve
as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services, accounting and investment management experience.
John R. Moran, Jr.
Mr. Moran has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust
since March 21, 1997, and lead Independent Trustee since 2010. Mr. Moran is formerly President and CEO of The Colorado Trust, a private foundation serving the health and hospital community in the state of Colorado. An attorney,
Mr. Moran was formerly a partner with the firm of Kutak Rock & Campbell in Denver, Colorado and a member of the Colorado House of Representatives. Currently, Mr. Moran is a member of the Treasurers Investment Advisory
Committee for the University of Colorado. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services, and accounting experience.
Jerry G. Rutledge
Mr. Rutledge has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. Mr. Rutledge is the President and owner of Rutledge's Inc., an upscale men's clothing store, which he opened
in 1967. Mr. Rutledge has over 40 years of business experience. He served on the CU Board of Regents from 1995 to 2007 and currently serves on the Board of American National Bank. Mr. Rutledge is a graduate of the University of Colorado.
He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business experience.
42
Michael Ross Shell
Mr. Shell has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. In 2008, Mr. Shell founded Red Idea, LLC, a
strategic consulting/early stage venture firm, for which he currently serves as CEO. From 1999 to 2009, he was a part-owner and Director of Tesser, Inc., a brand agency, during which time he also served as Director, Marketing and Investor Relations,
of Woodbourne, a REIT/real estate hedge fund and private equity firm. Prior to this, he worked as a business strategy consultant, he was on the Global Client Services team of IDEO, and he was President of Tesser, Inc. Mr. Shell graduated with
honors from Stanford University with a degree in Political Science. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services and investment management experience.
Edmund J. Burke
Mr. Burke has been an Interested Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. Mr. Burke joined ALPS Fund Services, Inc., the Funds administrator, in 1991 and currently serves as its
Chief Executive Officer and Director. He is also a Director of ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Advisors, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., the Funds principal underwriter, and FTAM Distributors, Inc. Mr. Burke has over 20 years of financial
services and investment management experience. Before joining ALPS, Mr. Burke was a Regional Vice President for the Pioneer Funds in Boston and has also worked with Fidelity. Mr. Burke has a B.A. in Economics from the University of New
Hampshire. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services and investment management experience.
None of the Independent Trustees own securities in the Adviser or Distributor, nor do they own securities in any entity directly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Adviser or
Distributor.
Leadership Structure and Oversight Responsibilities
Overall responsibility for oversight of the Fund rests with the Trustees. The Trust has engaged the Adviser to manage the Fund on a
day-to day basis. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Adviser and other service providers in the operations of the Fund in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act, applicable provisions of state and other laws and the Trusts
charter. The Board is currently composed of six members, five of whom are Independent Trustees. The Board meets at regularly scheduled quarterly meetings each year. In addition, the Board may hold special in-person or telephonic meetings or informal
conference calls to discuss specific matters that may arise or require action between regular meetings. As described below, the Board has established a Nominating and Governance Committee and an Audit Committee, and may establish ad hoc committees
or working groups from time to time, to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities. The Independent Trustees have also engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in performing their oversight responsibilities.
The Board has appointed Edmund J. Burke, an Interested Trustee, to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairmans role is to preside
at all meetings of the Board and to act as a liaison with the Adviser, other service providers, counsel and other Trustees generally between meetings. The Chairman and may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board from time
to time. Mr. Moran serves as a lead Independent Trustee. The Board reviews matters related to its leadership structure annually. The Board has determined that the Boards leadership structure is appropriate given the Trusts
characteristics and circumstances. These characteristics include, but are not limited to, the Trusts multiple series of fund shares, each funds single portfolio of assets, each funds net assets, the services
43
provided by the funds service providers, the formal and informal functions of the various Independent Trustees both during and between Board meetings, the existence of the Trust for over 15
years and the long board service of some of the Independent Trustees, which in some cases date back to the inception of the Trust.
Risk oversight forms part of the Boards general oversight of the Fund and is addressed as part of various Board and Committee activities. As part of its regular oversight of the Fund, the Board,
directly or through a Committee, interacts with and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the Adviser, the Funds Chief Compliance Officer, the Funds legal counsel and the independent registered public accounting firm for
the Fund regarding risks faced by the Fund. The Board, with the assistance of Fund management and the Adviser, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of the Funds performance. The Board has appointed a Chief
Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Funds compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Fund and its principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Boards
periodic review of the Funds advisory, sub-advisory and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of these service providers operations and the functions for which they are responsible.
None of the Independent Trustees own securities in the Adviser or the Distributor, nor do they own securities in any entity directly
controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Adviser or the Distributor.
Audit
Committee
. The Board has an Audit Committee which considers such matters pertaining to the Trusts books of account, financial records, internal accounting controls and changes in accounting principles or practices as the Trustees
may from time to time determine. The Audit Committee also considers the engagement and compensation of the independent registered public accounting firm (Firm) and ensures receipt from the Firm of a formal written statement
delineating relationships between the Firm and the Trust, consistent with Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Rule 3526. The Audit Committee also meets privately with the representatives of the Firm to review the scope and results of
audits and other duties as set forth in the Audit Committees Charter. The Audit Committee members, each of whom are Independent Trustees are: Ms. Anstine and Messrs. Deems (Chairman), Moran, Rutledge and Shell. The Audit
Committee met three times during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2011.
Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee
.
The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meets periodically to advise and assist the Board in selecting nominees to serve as trustees of the Trust. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes the Board
generally benefits from diversity of background, experience and views among its members, and considers this a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy in this regard. The Nominating and Corporate
Governance Committee also advises and assists the Board in establishing, implementing and executing policies, procedures and practices that assure orderly and effective governance of the Trust and effective and efficient management of all business
and financial affairs of the Trust. Members of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are currently: Ms. Anstine (Chairman) and Messrs. Deems, Moran, Rutledge and Shell. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of
the Board met once times during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2010.
Shareholder Nominations
.
The
Board will consider shareholder nominees for Trustees. All nominees must possess the appropriate characteristics, skills and experience for serving on the Board. In
44
particular, the Board and its Independent Trustees will consider each nominees integrity, educational and professional background, understanding of the Trusts business on a technical
level and commitment to devote the time and attention necessary to fulfill a Trustees duties. All shareholders who wish to recommend nominees for consideration as Trustees shall submit the names and qualifications of the candidates to the
Secretary of the Trust by writing to: Financial Investors Trust, 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado, 80203.
As
of December 31, 2011, there were no outstanding shares of the Funds, and therefore, the dollar range of equity securities in the Funds beneficially owned by the Interested Trustee were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Interested Trustee
|
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Funds
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in All Registered
Investment Companies Overseen
by
Trustee in Family of Investment
Companies
|
|
|
|
Edmund J. Burke
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
As of December 31, 2011, there were no outstanding shares of the Funds, and therefore, the dollar
range of equity securities in the Funds beneficially owned by Independent Trustees were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
Dollar Range of
Equity Securities in
the Funds
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in All Registered
Investment Companies Overseen
by
Trustee in Family of Investment
Companies
|
|
|
|
Mary K. Anstine
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Jeremy W. Deems
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
John R. Moran, Jr.
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Jerry G. Rutledge
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Michael Ross Shell
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
Remuneration of Trustees
.
The Independent Trustees of the Trust receive an annual fee
in the amount of $24,000 and an additional $2,000 for attending each Board meeting or standalone committee meeting, and $1,000 for special telephonic meetings. The Trustees are also reimbursed for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses relating
to attendance at meetings. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2011, the Independent Trustees received the following compensation:
45
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate
Compensation
From the Trust
|
|
Pension Or
Retirement
Benefits Accrued
As Part of
Fund
Expenses
|
|
Estimated
Annual
Benefits
Upon
Retirement
|
|
Aggregate
Compensation
From The Trust
And Fund Complex
Paid To Trustees*
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mary K. Anstine
|
|
$17,500
|
|
$0
|
|
$0
|
|
$17,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jeremy W. Deems
|
|
$17,500
|
|
$0
|
|
$0
|
|
$17,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
John R. Moran, Jr.
|
|
$17,500
|
|
$0
|
|
$0
|
|
$17,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jerry G. Rutledge
|
|
$17,500
|
|
$0
|
|
$0
|
|
$17,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael Ross Shell
|
|
$17,500
|
|
$0
|
|
$0
|
|
$17,500
|
* The Fund Complex includes all series of the Trust and any other investment companies for which Emerald
Mutual Fund Advisers Trust provides investment advisory services.
No officer, trustee or employee of the Adviser or any of
its affiliates receives any compensation from the Fund for serving as an officer or trustee of the Fund.
INV
ESTMENT MANAGER
Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (Emerald or the Adviser), subject to the
authority of the Board of Trustees, is responsible for the overall management and administration of each Funds business affairs. The Adviser commenced business operations in April of 2005 and is registered with the Securities and Exchange
Commission as an investment adviser. Emerald is located at 3175 Oregon Pike, Leola, PA 17540. Emerald is a wholly owned subsidiary of Emerald Advisers, Inc., the former investment advisor to these Funds, and is located at the same address as that of
Emerald. As of November 30, 2011, Emerald Advisers, Inc. had approximately $1.4 billion in assets under management.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement (the Advisory Agreement), the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund
pays the Adviser an annual management fee of 1% based on the Emerald Banking and Finance Funds average daily net assets and the Emerald Growth Fund pays the adviser an annual management fee of 0.75% based on the Emerald Growth Funds
average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of the Fund, or the
Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Boards approval of the Advisory Agreement will be provided in the Funds annual report to shareholders for the
period ended April 30, 2012.
Emerald served as the sub-adviser to the Predecessor Funds. For the fiscal years ended
December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, Emerald received subadvisory fees of $255,375, $586,204 and $338,850 from the Forward Banking and Finance Fund and $419,170, $564,854 and $349,822 from the Forward
Growth Fund respectively.
46
DISTRIBUTOR
Shares of each Fund are offered on a continuous basis through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (an affiliate of ALPS) (ADI or the
Distributor), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, as distributor pursuant to a distribution agreement between the Distributor and the Fund. The Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of Fund
shares.
CO
DE OF ETHICS
The Funds, the Adviser, and the Distributor each have adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics
permit the personnel of these entities to invest in securities, including securities that the Funds may purchase or hold. The codes of ethics are on public file with, and are available from, the SEC.
ADMI
NISTRATOR
Each Fund currently employs ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (an affiliate of ADI) (ALPS or the Administrator), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, under an
administration agreement to provide certain administrative services to the Funds. Information on the services provided by the Administrator and the fees paid to the Administrator is available in the Prospectus, which is incorporated by reference in
this SAI.
ALPS has also served as administrator to the Predecessor Funds since September 12, 2005. For the fiscal years
ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, ALPS received fees for administrative services to the Predecessor Funds totaling $22,475, $19,167 and $32,515, from the Forward Banking and Finance Fund and $59,945, $48,461 and $59,221 from the Forward
Growth Fund, respectively.
PROXY V
OTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Although individual Board members may not agree with particular policies or votes by the Adviser, the Board has approved delegating proxy
voting discretion to the Adviser believing that each Adviser should be responsible for voting because it is a matter relating to the investment decision making process.
Attached as Appendix B are summaries of the guidelines and procedures that the Adviser uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities, including the procedures that the Adviser
uses when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Adviser or any affiliated person of the Funds or the Adviser, on the other. This summary of the guidelines gives a general indication
as to how the Adviser will vote proxies relating to portfolio securities on each issue listed. However, the guidelines do not address all potential voting issues or the intricacies that may surround individual proxy votes. For that reason, there may
be instances in which votes may vary from the guidelines presented. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Adviser always endeavors to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities in accordance with the Funds investment objectives. When
applicable, information on how a Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent prior 12-month period ended June 30, will be available without charge, (i) upon request, by calling 1-855-828-9909 and (ii) on
the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
47
PRI
NCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS
A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially owns 5% or more of any class of a Funds outstanding equity
securities. A control person is any person who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a Fund or acknowledges the existence of control. Because the Funds are new, as of the date of this SAI, there
were no principal nor control persons of the Funds, and the Trustees and Officers of the Trust as a group did not own any of the outstanding shares of the Funds.
As of March 1, 2012, prior to the reorganization of the Forward Banking and Finance Fund into the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, the following shareholders owned 5% or more of shares of the Forward
Banking and Finance Fund:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
|
Shareholder Name and Address
|
|
Percentage
Interest
|
|
Type of Ownership
|
Investor Class Shares
|
|
First Clearing, LLC
One North Jefferson Avenue
St. Louis, MO
63103
|
|
70.57%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Investor Class Shares
|
|
Colorado State Bank & Trust
1600 Broadway
Denver, CO 80202
|
|
25.46%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class A Shares
|
|
Merrill Lynch Pierce Fenner & Smith
4800 Deer Lake Drive E, Floor 3
Jacksonville, FL
32246
|
|
22.34%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class A Shares
|
|
Pershing LLC
P.O. Box 2052
Jersey City, NJ
07303-9998
|
|
17.82%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class A Shares
|
|
First Clearing, LLC
One North Jefferson Avenue
St. Louis, MO
63103
|
|
14.03%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class C Shares
|
|
First Clearing, LLC
One North Jefferson Avenue
St. Louis, MO
63103
|
|
56.10%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class C Shares
|
|
Merrill Lynch Pierce Fenner &
Smith
4800 Deer Lake Drive E, Floor 3
Jacksonville, FL 32246
|
|
11.48%
|
|
Beneficial
|
48
As of March 1, 2012, the following shareholders owned 25% or more of shares of the Forward
Banking and Finance Fund:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Name and Address
|
|
Percentage
Interest
|
|
Type of Ownership
|
|
|
First Clearing, LLC
One North Jefferson Avenue
St. Louis, MO 63103
|
|
32.50%
|
|
Beneficial
|
As of March 1, 2012, prior to the reorganization of the Forward Growth Fund into the Emerald Growth Fund,
the following shareholders owned 5% or more of shares of the Forward Growth Fund:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
|
Shareholder Name and Address
|
|
Percentage
Interest
|
|
Type of Ownership
|
Investor Class Shares
|
|
Colorado State Bank & Trust
1600 Broadway
Denver, CO 80202
|
|
76.54%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Institutional Class Shares
|
|
JP Morgan Retirement Plan Services
9300 Ward Parkway
Kansas City, MO
64114
|
|
91.43%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class A Shares
|
|
Pershing LLC
P.O. Box 2052
Jersey City, NJ
07303-9998
|
|
18.89%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class A Shares
|
|
First Clearing, LLC
One North Jefferson Avenue
St. Louis, MO
63103
|
|
9.86%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class A Shares
|
|
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
101 Montgomery Street
San Francisco, CA
94104
|
|
6.02%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class C Shares
|
|
First Clearing, LLC
One North Jefferson Avenue
St. Louis, MO
63103
|
|
18.27%
|
|
Beneficial
|
Class C Shares
|
|
Captial Securities
Management
P.O. Box 335
Linwood, NJ
08221
|
|
8.54%
|
|
Beneficial
|
49
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class C Shares
|
|
Merrill Lynch Pierce Fenner &
Smith
4800 Deer Lake Drive E, Floor 3
Jacksonville, FL 32246
|
|
6.92%
|
|
Beneficial
|
As of March 1, 2012, the following shareholders owned 25% or more of shares of the Forward Growth Fund:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Name and Address
|
|
Percentage
Interest
|
|
Type of Ownership
|
|
|
JP Morgan Retirement Plan
Services
9300 Ward Parkway
Kansas
City, MO 64114
|
|
60.93%
|
|
Beneficial
|
EXPENSES
The Funds expenses include taxes, interest, fees and salaries of such Funds Trustees and officers who are not trustees,
officers or employees of the Funds service contractors, SEC fees, state securities qualification fees, costs of preparing and printing prospectuses for regulatory purposes and for distribution to existing shareholders, advisory and
administration fees, charges of the custodian and of the transfer and dividend disbursing agent, certain insurance premiums, outside auditing and legal expenses, costs of shareholder reports and shareholder meetings and any extraordinary expenses.
Each Fund also pays for brokerage fees and commissions (if any) in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.
P
ORTFOLIO MANAGERS
The following sections set
forth certain additional information with respect to the portfolio managers for the Funds. Unless noted otherwise, all information is provided as of December 1, 2011.
Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Manager
The table below identifies as
of December 1, 2011, for the portfolio manager of each Fund, the number of accounts (other than the Funds with respect to which information is provided) for which he has day-to-day management responsibilities and the total assets in such
accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and other accounts.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Manager
|
|
Registered Investment
Companies
|
|
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles
|
|
Other Accounts
|
|
Number
|
|
Total Assets
(in millions)
|
|
Number
|
|
Total Assets
(in millions)
|
|
Number
|
|
Total Assets
(in millions)
|
Emerald Banking and
Finance Fund
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kenneth G. Mertz II, CFA®
|
|
2
|
|
$277
|
|
0
|
|
N/A
|
|
37
|
|
$1,020
|
Steven
E. Russell, Esq
|
|
0
|
|
N/A
|
|
0
|
|
N/A
|
|
0
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Emerald Growth Fund
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kenneth
G. Mertz II, CFA®
|
|
2
|
|
$204
|
|
0
|
|
N/A
|
|
37
|
|
$1,020
|
Stacey L. Sears
|
|
2
|
|
$170
|
|
0
|
|
N/A
|
|
36
|
|
$1,018
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Joseph W.
Garner
|
|
2
|
|
$170
|
|
0
|
|
N/A
|
|
36
|
|
$1,018
|
Portfolio Manager Compensation
Emeralds portfolio manager compensation is structured to align the interests of portfolio managers with those of the shareholders whose assets they manage. It includes the components described
below, each of which is determined with reference to a number of factors such as overall performance, market competition, and internal equity. Compensation is not directly tied to the value of assets held in client portfolios.
Base Salary
: Portfolio managers receive base pay in the form of a fixed annual salary.
Bonus
: A significant portion of portfolio manager compensation takes the form of a quarterly incentive bonus tied to performance
based on quarterly performance reviews and the managers relative performance against the Russell 2000 Growth Index for rolling quarter, year, and five year periods. Bonus payments are determined by a combination of factors, including pre-tax
investment performance calculated as the average of all investment mandates for which the portfolio manager has responsibility compared against such mandates respective benchmarks, non-qualitative items relating to the portfolio managers
fulfillment of his or her obligations and duties to each investment mandate as determined by senior management, and control of expenses by the portfolio manager taking into account income and gains of the investment mandates for which the portfolio
manager has responsibility. Finally, the overall performance of Emerald Asset Management, Inc., the parent company of Emerald, is considered in determining any portfolio manager bonus.
Deferred Compensation Plans
: Portfolio managers are eligible to participate in a 401(k) plan which provides matching contributions
and profit sharing on a discretionary basis.
Conflicts of Interest with Other Accounts
. Certain conflicts of interest
may arise in connection with the management of multiple portfolios. Potential conflicts include, for example, conflicts among investment strategies and conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities. Emerald has adopted the following
policies regarding the allocation and aggregation of securities transactions among client accounts:
51
Aggregation Policy
: Aggregations of trades can produce meaningful cost savings to
clients. Emeralds policy is constructed to meet the requirements of the SEC. Specifically, Emeralds policy is designed to address these issues:
1. Duty of Disclosure: Emerald will disclose fully to its clients the arrangements for aggregation of securities transactions.
2. Duty to Act Only in the Clients Best Interests: The aggregation of client transactions will be done only after client consent, consistent with each such clients best interests.
3. Duty to Treat Each Client Fairly: Securities transactions will be done on a pro rata basis at the average share price, consistent with
the specific conditions discussed below.
4. Duty to Seek Best Execution: Emerald recognizes its duty to aggregate and
allocate securities transactions in a manner that ensures best execution. This is discussed more fully below.
Aggregation
Procedures
: Emerald will endeavor to bunch trades for clients in order to effect best execution at the lowest cost (commissions and spread) and to avoid disparities in execution prices for accounts that are managed similarly. The following
bunching and trade aggregation procedures are designed to treat all client accounts equally. All client accounts with like mandates will participate in bunched trades, average pricing and pro rata execution. Emerald will allocate trades internally
prior to any bunched trades based on the requirements of the various groups of accounts as determined by the firms portfolio managers (see Block Trading below).
Emerald manages certain accounts pursuant to differing client mandates. With respect to certain accounts, Emerald has full discretion
with respect to investments and execution of portfolio transactions. For certain client accounts, specific brokerage firms have been designated, which prevents bunching trades with other accounts. These accounts would also prevent new or secondary
issuance of stocks being equally divided across these types of accounts. Certain accounts may have directed investment policies and/or restrictions. These accounts may have different investment objectives and strategies, and therefore might invest
in different individual stocks from other types of accounts and may have different sector allocation percentages, which would affect how Emerald allocates aggregated trades for such accounts. Certain funds with daily cash flow differences (usually
mutual funds) would have different trading activity dictated by internal cash flows (or withdrawals), the timing and tax consequences of which require that trades be made in different percentages for each share.
Because of these differences in policies and strategies of the various accounts Emerald manages, Emeralds portfolio managers will
aggregate the number of shares determined to be desired for each account type and maintain a dated and time-stamped record of this pre-trade allocation. Each account will then average price pro-rata to the shares actually executed. If a client uses
a particular directed broker-dealer, Emerald will execute these trades separately, which trades may be executed at prices different than the bunched trades due to number of share differences, use of DOT system, movement and volatility of stock
trading, or other relevant factors. While these differences may be noticeable on a trade-by-trade basis, they should balance out over time.
The intention of this policy is that Emerald must make a trade allocation before the results of the actual trade have been determined. This policy will assure that the allocation cannot be affected by the
results of the trade.
52
Block Trading
: Emerald also has established Block Trading Procedures to ensure that
no advisory or sub-advisory client account or group of client accounts, neither public nor private, nor corporate nor individual, will receive preferential trading execution pursuant to federal and state regulations.
Ownership of Securities
Because the Fund is new, as of the date of this SAI, the portfolio managers do not own any shares of the Fund.
NET ASSET VALUE
The following is a description of the procedures used by the Fund in valuing its assets. Because of the differences in service and distribution fees and class-specific expenses, the per share net asset
value of each class may differ. For the purpose of pricing purchase and redemption orders, the net asset value per share of each class of the Fund is calculated separately and is determined once daily as of the close of regularly scheduled trading
on the NYSE (normally, 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). The Funds net asset value is calculated on each day that the NYSE is open for trading, i.e., Monday through Friday, except for New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents
Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day, and the preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when one of those holidays falls on a Saturday or Sunday, respectively.
In calculating net asset value, equity securities listed or traded on national securities exchanges are valued at the last sale price or,
if there have been no sales on that day, at the mean of the current bid and ask price which represents the current value of the security. Over-the-counter securities are valued at the mean of the current bid and ask price.
Portfolio securities listed on the NASDAQ National Market System for which market quotations are available are valued at the official
closing price. If there is no official closing price, the securities are valued at the last sale price or, if there have been no sales that day, at the mean of the current bid and ask price which represents the current value of the security.
Securities that are primarily traded on foreign exchanges generally are valued at the preceding closing values of such
securities on their respective exchanges, except that when an occurrence subsequent to the time a value was so established is likely to have changed such value, then the fair value of those securities will be determined by consideration of other
factors by or under the direction of the Funds Board or its delegates. In valuing assets, prices denominated in foreign currencies are converted to U.S. dollar equivalents at the current exchange rate. Securities may be valued by independent
pricing services which use prices provided by market-makers or estimates of market values obtained from yield data relating to instruments or securities with similar characteristics. Short-term obligations with maturities of 60 calendar days or less
are valued at amortized cost, which constitutes fair value as determined by the Board. Amortized cost involves valuing an instrument at its original cost to the Fund and thereafter assuming a constant amortization to maturity of any discount or
premium, regardless of the impact of fluctuating interest rates on the market value of the instrument. All other securities and other assets of the Fund will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures adopted by the
Board.
53
TAXES
This section provides additional information concerning U.S. federal income taxes. It is based on the Code, applicable Treasury
Regulations, judicial authority, and administrative rulings and practice, all as of the date of this SAI, and all of which are subject to change, including changes with retroactive effect. The following does not address any state, local or foreign
or estate or gift tax matters.
A shareholders U.S. federal income tax consequences from acquiring, holding and
disposing of shares in a Fund may vary depending upon his or her particular situation. This discussion only applies to shareholders who are U.S. persons. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are: (i) U.S. citizens or residents,
(ii) U.S. corporations, (iii) an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its
administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996. This
discussion does not address issues of significance to U.S. persons in special situations such as: (i) certain types of tax-exempt organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts
or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and non-financial), (iv) financial institutions, (v) broker-dealers, (vi) entities not organized under the laws of
the United States or a political subdivision thereof, (vii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle or conversion transaction, and (viii) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.
If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a
beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partners of partnerships that are considering the purchase of shares should
consult their own tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares.
The Funds have not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the IRS) as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt
positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. In addition, the foregoing discussion only addresses some of the U.S. federal income tax considerations generally affecting investments in the Funds. Prospective
shareholders are urged to consult with their own tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund, as well as the applicability and effect of any state, local or foreign laws, and the effect of
possible changes in applicable tax laws.
General Policies
In general, it is each Funds policy to distribute to its shareholders as ordinary income dividends substantially all net investment income and short-term capital gains. It is also each
Funds policy to distribute annually all net realized long-term capital gains, if any, after offsetting any capital loss carryovers as capital gains dividends.
Ordinary income dividends and capital gain distributions are payable in full and fractional shares of the relevant class of the Fund
based upon the net asset value determined as of the close of the Exchange on the record date for each dividend or distribution. Shareholders, however, may elect to receive their ordinary income dividends or capital gain distributions, or both,
in cash. The election may be made at
54
any time by submitting a written request directly to the applicable Fund. In order for a change to be in effect for any dividend or distribution, it must be received by such Fund on or before the
record date for such dividend or distribution.
If you elect to receive your dividends in cash and the dividend checks sent to
you are returned undeliverable to the applicable Fund or remain uncashed for six months, your cash election will automatically be changed and your future dividends will be reinvested. No interest will accrue on amounts represented by
uncashed dividend or redemption checks.
As required by federal law, detailed U.S. federal tax information will be furnished
to each shareholder for each calendar year.
Taxation of the Funds
Each Fund intends to elect to be treated and qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. In order
to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, a Fund must, among other things: (i) derive at least 90% of its gross income in each taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with
respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its
business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from interests in qualified publicly traded partnerships; (ii) diversify its holdings so that at the end of each fiscal quarter, (a) at least
50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited generally, with respect to any one issuer, to
no more than 5% of the value of such Funds total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of such Funds total assets is invested in (1) the securities (other
than those of the U.S. government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, (2) the securities (other than the securities of other regulated investment companies) of two or more issuers which such Fund controls and which are
engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or (3) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships and (iii) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or exceeding the sum of
(a) 90% of its investment company taxable income, as that term is defined in the Code (which generally includes, among other things, dividends, taxable interest, and the excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term
capital losses, as reduced by certain deductible expenses) without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, and (b) 90% of its tax-exempt interest income, net of expenses allocable thereto. For purposes of meeting the diversification
requirement described in (ii) above, in the case of a Funds investment in loan participations, the issuer may be the financial intermediary or the borrower.
With respect to (i) above, the IRS may limit qualifying income from foreign currency gains to the amount of such currency gains that are directly related to a regulated investment companys
principal business of investing in stock or securities pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated in the future. For purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in (i) above, income derived from a partnership will generally be
treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from an
interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (defined as a partnership (x) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof and
(y) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in (i) above) will be treated as
55
qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company
with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. Finally, for purposes of (ii)(a) above, the term outstanding voting securities of such issuer will include the equity securities of a
qualified publicly traded partnership.
To the extent that it qualifies for treatment as a regulated investment company, a
Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income distributed to its shareholders in a timely manner in the form of dividends (including capital gain dividends, defined below). In certain situations, a Fund can cure failures to meet
the income and diversification tests described above, including, in some cases, by paying a Fund-level tax and, in the case of diversification failures, disposing of certain assets. If a Fund were to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company
accorded special tax treatment in any taxable year for example, because it was not sufficiently diversified under the applicable Code tests such Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all
distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. To qualify again to be taxed as a regulated investment company that
is accorded special treatment in a subsequent year, such a Fund could be required to pay substantial taxes, penalties and interest and make substantial distributions. In addition, if a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company for a
period greater than two taxable years, such a Fund may be required to recognize and pay tax on any net built-in gain (the excess of aggregate gain, including items of income, over aggregate loss that would have been realized if the effected Fund had
been liquidated) or, alternatively, to be subject to taxation on such built-in gain recognized for a period of ten years, in order to qualify as a regulated investment company in a subsequent year.
As a regulated investment company, each Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its net capital gains (that, is
any net long-term capital gains in excess of the sum of net short-term capital losses and certain capital loss carryovers from prior years) properly reported by a Fund in a written statement to shareholders as capital gain dividends (capital
gain dividends) and its investment company taxable income if any, that a Fund distributes to shareholders on a timely basis. Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its investment company taxable income and to distribute all of
its capital gains dividends in a taxable year. If a Fund does retain any investment company taxable income, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained. However, a Fund may elect to have certain dividends paid after
the close of a tax year treated as having been paid during the tax year for purposes of the regulated investment company distribution requirements and for purposes of determining its taxable income (spill-over dividends). Spill-over
dividends are taxed to shareholders in the year in which they are received.
If a Fund retains any net capital gain, it will
also be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by such a Fund on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal
income tax liabilities, if any. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of such a Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in
the shareholders income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.
Generally, the excess (if any) of a Funds net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital loss for a taxable year will
carry over as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year.
56
In addition, the excess (if any) of a Funds net long-term capital loss over the net
short-term capital gain for the year will carry over as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year.
A regulated investment company may elect to treat any post-October capital loss (defined as the greatest of net capital loss, net
long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss, in each case attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31) and late-year ordinary loss (generally, (i) net ordinary losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable
disposition of property, attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, plus (ii) other net ordinary losses attributable to the portion of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable
year.
If a Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for
such year and 98.2% of its net capital gain income for the one year period ending on October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount for the prior year, such a Fund will be subject to a non-deductible excise tax on the undistributed amounts.
For these purposes, ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property that would be properly taken into account after October 31 are treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year.
For purposes of the excise tax, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. A dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year
generally is deemed to have been paid on December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend is declared and payable to the shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year.
Each Fund intends to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will
be able to do so.
Taxation of Fund Distributions
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment company taxable income are generally taxable as ordinary income to the extent of a Funds current or accumulated earnings and
profits. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares. Distributions of net capital gains from the sale of
investments that a Fund owned for more than one year and that are properly designated by such Fund as capital gain dividends (i.e., capital gain dividends) will be taxable to Fund shareholders as long-term capital gains. Generally,
distributions of gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, a Fund may designate certain dividends as derived from
qualified dividend income, which, when received by an individual, will be taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain. Dividend income distributed to individual shareholders will qualify as qualified dividend
income as that term is defined in section 1(h)(11)(B) of the Code to the extent such distributions are attributable to income from the applicable Funds investments in common and preferred stock of U.S. companies and stock of certain
qualified foreign corporations provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met by both such Fund and its shareholders. No Fund expects a significant portion of distributions to be derived from qualified dividend income.
Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by a Fund before a shareholder
invested in that Fund (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares (other than distributions, if any, designated by the Fund as
exempt-interest dividends, a designation which the Funds generally do not expect to make). Any gain resulting from the sale or exchange of
57
Fund shares generally will be taxable as capital gains. Distributions declared and payable by a Fund during October, November or December to shareholders of record on a date in any such
month and paid by the Fund during the following January will be treated for U.S. federal tax purposes as paid by the Fund and received by shareholders on December 31st of the year in which declared rather than the calendar year in which
they were received.
Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reduced in general,
to a maximum rate of 15% for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013.
Dividends received by corporate
shareholders that are reported by a Fund in a written statement furnished to shareholders may qualify for the 70% dividends received deduction to the extent of the amount of qualifying dividends received by a Fund from domestic corporations and
to the extent a portion of interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund are treated as dividends.
If a Fund makes a distribution in excess of its current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent
of a shareholders tax basis in his or her shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholders basis in his or her shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent
taxable disposition by the shareholder of such shares.
Sale or Redemption of Shares
The sale or redemption of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable
disposition of Fund shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or
loss. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the
shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares of such Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the
disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Special Tax
Considerations
Financial Products
Each Funds investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, swaps and certain other transactions will be subject to special tax rules (including
mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income recognized by such Fund, defer such Funds losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of such
Funds securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to Fund
shareholders.
Some of a Funds investments, such as certain option transactions as well as futures transactions in
foreign currency contracts that are traded in the interbank market, may be section 1256 contracts. Gains and losses on section 1256 contracts are generally treated as 60% long-term capital and 40%
58
short-term capital, although certain foreign currency gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as entirely ordinary in character. Section 1256 contracts held by a Fund at the end
of a taxable year are marked to market for income tax purposes, meaning that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized (and treated on the 60/40 basis described above).
Certain positions undertaken by a Fund may constitute straddles for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The straddle rules may
affect the character of gains or losses realized by such Fund. Losses realized by a Fund that are part of a straddle may be deferred beyond the point in time that they are realized. The straddle rules, if applicable, could increase the amount of
short-term capital gain realized by a Fund, which is taxed as ordinary income when distributed to shareholders. Certain tax elections that a Fund may make with respect to straddles could affect the character and timing of recognition of gains and
losses.
Rules governing the tax aspects of notional principal contracts in which a Fund may invest are not clear in various
respects. As a result, the IRS could challenge a Funds methods of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes for such contracts, and such a challenge could affect the status of such Fund as a regulated investment company.
A Fund may make short sales of securities. Short sales may increase the amount of short-term capital gains realized by a Fund, which is
taxed as ordinary income to the shareholders when distributed. Short sales may also constitute constructive sales, which would result in taxable income before the short-sale positions are terminated.
Certain of a Funds hedging activities including its transactions in options, futures contracts and foreign currencies, are likely
to result in a difference between such Funds book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of a Funds income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require such Fund to
make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders.
Securities Issued or Purchased at a Discount
A Funds investment in securities issued at a discount and certain other obligations will (and investments in securities purchased at a discount may) require that Fund to accrue and distribute income
not yet received. In addition, payment-in-kind securities will give rise to income which is required to be distributed even though such Fund does not receive an interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In order to generate
sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, an effected Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio that it otherwise would have continued to hold. An effected Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales. In the event such
Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Some debt obligations that are acquired by a Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of a debt security having market
discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain does not exceed the accrued market discount on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. Each Fund may make certain elections
applicable to debt obligations having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
59
High-Risk Securities
Each Fund may invest in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for a Fund.
The application of the U.S. federal income tax rules with respect to these types of investments is complicated and will depend upon the application of the law to facts that may be unclear, which may result in uncertainty about the U.S. federal
income tax treatment of these investments (e.g., such as when a Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts, or worthless securities and how payments
received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income). These and other related issues will be addressed by a Fund if it invests in such securities in order to seek to ensure that such Fund distributes sufficient income
to avoid becoming subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Real Estate Investment Trusts
A Funds investments in REIT equity securities, if any, may result in such Funds receipt of cash in excess of the REITs
earnings. If the Fund receives such distributions all or a portion of these distributions will constitute a return of capital to such Fund. Receiving a return of capital distribution from a REIT will reduce the amount of income available to be
distributed to Fund shareholders. Income from REIT securities generally will not be eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income.
Tax-Exempt Shareholders
Under current law, each Fund serves to block (that is, prevent the attribution to shareholders of) unrelated business taxable
income (UBTI) from being realized by its tax-exempt shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund if either: (1) the applicable Fund invests in REITs
that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs); or (2) shares in the applicable Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of
section 514(b) of the Code. If a charitable remainder trust (as defined in section 664 of the Code) realizes any UBTI for a taxable year, it will be subject to an excise tax on such income. A Fund may invest in REITs that hold
residual interests in REMICs.
Backup Withholding
Each Fund generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any individual shareholder who fails to properly
furnish such Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (TIN), who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify to such Fund that he or she is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding tax
rate is 28% for amounts paid through 2012. Under current law, the backup withholding tax rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2012.
Recently Enacted Legislation
For tax years beginning after 2012, a surtax
of up to 3.8% will apply to net investment income of an individual taxpayer earning over $200,000 ($250,000 for a joint return). Net investment income will include interest, dividends, royalties, rents, gross income from a trade or business
involving passive activities, and net gain from disposition of property (other than property held in a trade or business). Net investment income will be reduced by deductions properly allocable to such income. The legislation that
60
contains the 3.8% surtax is the subject of a number of constitutional challenges, and at least one court has held that the law is void. Holders of our common stock should consult their tax
advisors regarding the effect, if any, of this legislation on their ownership and disposition of our common stock. Recently enacted legislation will impose a 30% withholding tax on dividends and redemption proceeds paid after December 31, 2012,
to (i) foreign financial institutions (as defined in section 1471 of the Code) unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities
unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners.
Other Tax Matters
Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult
their tax advisor to determine the suitability of shares of a Fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of an investment in the Funds would have on their particular tax situation.
The foregoing discussion relates solely to U.S. federal income tax law. Dividends and distributions also may be subject to state and
local taxes. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, state, local and, where applicable, foreign taxes. Foreign investors should consult their tax advisers concerning the U.S. federal
income tax consequences of ownership of shares of a Fund, including the certification and filing requirements imposed on foreign investors in order to qualify for exemption from the backup withholding tax rates (or a reduced rate of withholding
provided by treaty).
The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the applicable provisions of the Code and related
regulations currently in effect. For the complete provisions, reference should be made to the pertinent Code sections and regulations. The Code and regulations are subject to change by legislative or administrative actions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST
The Trust was organized as a Delaware business trust on November 30, 1993 and consists of twenty separate portfolios or series. The Board may establish additional series in the future. The
capitalization of the Trust consists solely of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest with no par value.
The
Trust consists of multiple separate portfolios or funds. When certain matters affect one fund but not another, the shareholders would vote as a fund regarding such matters. Subject to the foregoing, on any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders,
all shares then entitled to vote will be voted separately by the fund unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act, in which case all shares will be voted in the aggregate. For example, a change in a funds fundamental investment policies would be
voted upon only by shareholders of the fund. Additionally, approval of the Investment Advisory Contract and Management Contracts are matters to be determined separately by each fund.
Approval by the shareholders of one fund is effective as to that fund whether or not sufficient votes are received from the shareholders
of the other fund to approve the proposal as to that fund. The term majority, when referring to approvals to be obtained from shareholders of a fund means the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares of the fund or class
represented at a meeting if the holder of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund or class are present in person or by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund. The term majority, when referring
to the approvals to be
61
obtained from shareholders of the Trust as a whole means the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% of the Trusts shares represented at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the
Trusts outstanding shares are present in person or proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Trusts outstanding shares. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held and fractional votes for fractional shares held.
The Trust is not required to hold regular annual meetings of a funds shareholders and does not intend to do so.
However, the Trust undertakes to hold a special meeting of its shareholders if the purpose of voting on the question of removal of a director or trustees is requested in writing by the holders of at least 10% of the Trusts outstanding voting
securities, and to assist in communicating with other shareholders as required by Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act. The Trust Instrument provides that the holders of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the Trust may remove a
person serving as Trustee either by declaration in writing or at a meeting called for such purpose.
Each share of a Fund
represents an equal proportional interest in the Fund with each other share and is entitled to such dividends and distributions out of the income earned on the assets belonging to the fund as are declared in the discretion of the Trustees. In the
event of the liquidation or dissolution of the Trust, shareholders of each fund are entitled to receive the assets attributable to such Fund that are available for distribution, and a distribution of any general assets of the Trust not attributable
to a particular Fund that are available for distribution in such manner and on such basis as the Trustees in their sole discretion may determine.
Shareholders are not entitled to any preemptive rights. All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.
Under Delaware law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of a series of the
Trust but only to the extent of the shareholders investment in such series. However, the Trust Instrument disclaims liability of the shareholders, Trustees or Officers of the Trust for acts or obligations of the Trust, which are binding only
on the assets and property of each series of the Trust and requires that notice of the disclaimer be given in each contract or obligations entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on
account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Trust itself would be unable to meet its obligations and should be considered remote and is limited to the amount of the shareholders investment in the Fund.
OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS
Custodian.
Union Bank, N.A. (the Custodian), located at 350 California Street, 6
th
Floor, San Francisco, California 94104, serves as the custodian for
the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund. As such, the Custodian holds in safekeeping certificated securities and cash belonging to the Funds and, in such capacity, is the registered owner of securities in book-entry form
belonging to the Funds. Upon instruction, the Custodian receives and delivers cash and securities of the Funds in connection with Fund transactions and collects all dividends and other distributions made with respect to Fund portfolio securities.
The Custodian also maintains certain accounts and records of the Funds.
Transfer Agent.
ALPS, pursuant to a Transfer
Agency and Service Agreement, serves as transfer agent for the Funds. As Transfer Agent, ALPS has, among other things, agreed to (i) issue and redeem shares of the Funds; (ii) make dividend and other distributions to shareholders of
the Fund; (iii) effect transfers
62
of shares; (iv) mail communications to shareholders of the Funds, including account statements, confirmations, and dividend and distribution notices; (v) facilitate the electronic
delivery of shareholder statements and reports and (vi) maintain shareholder accounts. Under the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, ALPS receives from the Trust an annual minimum fee and a fee based upon the number of shareholder
accounts and is also reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses. As described above, ALPS is an affiliate of ADI.
Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Deloitte & Touche LLP (Deloitte) serves as the Trusts independent registered public accounting firm. Deloitte provides audit services, tax return preparation and assistance and
consultation in connection with review of SEC filings. Deloitte is located at 555 17th St. #3600, Denver, Colorado 80202.
Counsel.
Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP serves as counsel to the Funds and is located at 1550 17th Street, Suite 500, Denver,
Colorado 80202.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
Yield and Total Return.
The Funds may from time to time include the yield and/or total return of its shares in advertisements or
information in advertisements or information furnished to present or prospective shareholders.
Each Funds yield
will vary from time to time depending upon market conditions, the composition of its portfolios and operating expenses of the Trust allocated to each Fund. These factors, possible differences in the methods used in calculating yield, and the tax
exempt status of distributions, should be considered when comparing each Funds yield to yields published for other investment companies and other investment vehicles. Yield should also be considered relative to changes in the value of each
Funds shares and to the relative risks associated with the investment objectives and policies of the Fund.
At any time
in the future, yields and total return may be higher or lower than past yields and there can be no assurance that any historical results will continue.
Investors in each Fund are specifically advised that share prices, expressed as the net asset value per share, will vary just as yield will vary. An investors focus on the yield of a Fund to the
exclusion of the consideration of the share price of that Fund may result in the investors misunderstanding the total return he or she may derive from the Fund.
F
INANCIAL STATEMENTS
Because the Funds have
not yet commenced operations as of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, there are no financial highlights for the Funds.
The financial statements of the Predecessor Funds for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 appearing in the annual reports to shareholders have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the
Predecessor Funds independent registered public accounting firm. Such financial statements are incorporated herein by reference to the Predecessor Funds annual reports as filed with the SEC on March 9, 2012 (Accession
No. 0001193125-12-106045).
63
APPENDIX A
Emerald Advisers, Inc.
Proxy Voting Policy, Procedures and Guidelines
(as adopted by Emerald
Mutual Fund Advisers Trust)
PROXY VOTING POLICY
The voting policies set forth below apply to all proxies which Emerald Advisers, Inc. is entitled to vote. It is EAIs policy to
vote all such proxies. Corporate governance through the proxy process is solely concerned with the accountability and responsibility for the assets entrusted to corporations. The role of institutional investors in the governance process is the same
as the responsibility due all other aspects of the funds management. First and foremost, the investor is a fiduciary and secondly, an owner. Fiduciaries and owners are
responsible
for their investments. These responsibilities include:
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1)
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selecting proper directors
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2)
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insuring that these directors have properly supervised management
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3)
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resolve issues of natural conflict between shareholders and managers
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e.
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Various Restrictive Corporate Governance Issues, Control Issues, etc.
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In voting proxies, EAI will consider those factors which would affect the value of the investment and vote in the manner, which in its view, will best serve the economic interest of its clients.
Consistent with this objective, EAI will exercise its vote in a activist pro-shareholder manner in accordance with the following policies.
I. BOARDS OF DIRECTORS
In theory, the board represents shareholders, in practice, all to often Board members are selected by management. Their allegiance is
therefore owed to management in order to maintain their very favorable retainers and prestigious position. In some cases, corporations never had a nominating process, let alone criteria for the selection of Board members. Shareholders have begun to
focus on the importance of the independence of the Board of Directors and the nominating process for electing these Board members. Independence is an important criterium to adequately protect shareholders ongoing financial interest and to
properly conduct a board members oversight process. Independence though, is only the first criteria for a Board. Boards need to be responsible fiduciaries in their oversight and decision making on behalf of the owners and corporations. Too
many companies are really
ownerless
. Boards who have failed to perform their duties, or do not act in the best interests of the shareholders should be voted out. A clear message is sent when a no confidence vote is given to a set of directors
or to a full Board.
A. Election of Directors,
a Board of Directors, or any number of Directors. In
order to assure Boards are acting solely for the shareholders they represent, the following resolutions will provide a clear message to underperforming companies and Boards who have failed to fulfill duties assigned to them.
Votes should be cast in favor of shareholder proposals asking that boards be comprised of
a majority of outside directors.
Votes should be cast in favor of shareholder
proposals asking that board audit, compensation and nominating committees be comprised exclusively of outside directors.
A-1
Votes should be cast against management
proposals to re-elect the board if the board has a majority of inside directors.
Votes should be withheld for directors who may have an inherent conflict of interest by
virtue of receiving consulting fees from a corporation (affiliated outsiders).
Votes should be withheld, on a case by case basis, for those directors of the compensation
committees responsible for particularly egregious compensation plans.
Votes
should be withheld for directors who have failed to attend 75% of board or committee meetings in cases where management does not provide adequate explanation for the absences.
Votes should be withheld for incumbent directors of poor performing companies; defining
poor performing companies as those companies who have below average stock performance (vs. peer group/Wilshire 5000) and below average return on assets and operating margins.
Votes should be cast in favor of proposals to create shareholder advisory committees.
These committees will represent shareholders views, review management, and provide oversight of the board and their directors.
B. Selection of Accountants:
EAI will generally support a rotation of accountants to provide a truly independent audit. This rotation should generally occur every 4-5 years.
C. Incentive Stock Plans.
EAI will generally vote against all excessive compensation and incentive stock plans
which are not performance related.
D. Corporate restructuring plans
or company name changes, will
generally be evaluated on a case by case basis.
E. Annual Meeting Location.
This topic normally is
brought forward by minority shareholders, requesting management to hold the annual meeting somewhere other than where management desires.
Resolution.
EAI normally votes with management, except in those cases where management seeks a location
to avoid their shareholders.
F.
Preemptive Rights.
This is usually a shareholder request
enabling shareholders to participate first in any new offering of common stock.
Resolution:
We do not feel that preemptive rights would add value to shareholders, we would vote against such shareholder proposals.
G.
Mergers and/or Acquisitions.
Each merger and/or acquisition has numerous ramifications for long term
shareholder value.
Resolution:
After in-depth valuation EAI will vote its shares on a case by case basis.
II. CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE ISSUES
These issues include those areas where voting with management may not be in the best interest of the
institutional investor. All proposals should be examined on a case by case basis.
A. Provisions
Restricting Shareholder Rights.
These provisions would hamper shareholders ability to vote on certain corporate actions, such as changes in the bylaws, greenmail, poison pills, recapitalization plans, golden parachutes, and on any item that
would limit shareholders right to nominate, elect, or remove directors. These items can change the course of the corporation overnight and shareholders should have the right to vote on these critical issues.
Resolution:
Vote
Against
management proposals to implement such restrictions and vote
For
shareholder proposals to eliminate them.
A-2
B. Anti-Shareholder Measures
. These are measures designed to entrench
management so as to make it more difficult to effect a change in control of the corporation. They are normally not in the best interests of shareholders since they do not allow for the most productive use of corporate assets.
1. Classification of the Board of Directors:
A classified Board is one in which directors are not elected in the same year rather their terms of office are staggered.
This eliminates the possibility of removing entrenched management at any one annual election of directors.
Resolution:
Vote
Against
proposals to classify the Board and support proposals (usually shareholder initiated) to implement
annual election of the Board.
2. Shareholder Rights Plans (Poison Pills):
Anti-acquisition proposals of this sort come in a variety of forms. In general, issuers confer contingent benefits of some
kind on their common stockholders. The most frequently used benefit is the right to buy shares at discount prices in the event of defined changes in corporate control.
Resolution:
Vote
Against
proposals to adopt Shareholder Rights
Plans, and vote
For
Shareholder proposals eliminating such plans.
3. Unequal Voting Rights:
A takeover defense, also known as superstock, which gives holders disproportionate voting rights. EAI
adheres to the One Share, One Vote philosophy, as all holders of common equity must be treated fairly and equally.
Resolution:
Vote
Against
proposals creating different classes of stock with unequal voting privileges.
4. Supermajority Clauses:
These are implemented by management requiring that an overly large amount of shareholders (66-95% of shareholders rather
than a simple majority) approve business combinations or mergers, or other measures affecting control. This is another way for management to make changes in control of the company more difficult.
Resolution:
Vote
Against
management
proposals to implement supermajority clauses and support shareholder proposals to eliminate them.
5.
Fair Price Provisions:
These provisions allow management to set price requirements that a potential bidder
would need to satisfy in order to consummate a merger. The pricing formulas normally used are so high that the provision makes any tender offer prohibitively expensive. Therefore, their existence can foreclose the possibility of tender offers and
hence, the opportunity to secure premium prices for holdings.
Resolution:
Vote
Against
management proposals to implement fair price provisions and vote
For
shareholder proposals to eliminate them.
Caveat:
Certain fair price provisions are legally complex and require careful analysis and advice before concluding
whether or not their adoption would serve stockholder interest.
6. Increases in authorized shares and/or
creation of new classes of common and preferred stock:
a. Increasing authorized shares.
EAI will support management if they have a stated purpose for increasing the authorized number of common and
preferred stock. Under normal circumstances, this would include stock splits, stock dividends, stock option plans, and for additional financing needs. However, in certain circumstances, it is apparent that management is proposing these increases as
an anti-takeover measure. When used in this manner, share increases could inhibit or discourage stock acquisitions by a potential buyer, thereby negatively affecting a fair price valuation for the company.
Resolution:
On a case by case basis, vote
Against
management if they attempt to increase the amount of
shares that they are authorized to issue if their intention is to use the excess shares to discourage a beneficial business combination. One way to determine if management intends to abuse its right to issue shares is if the amount of authorized
shares requested is double the present amount of authorized shares.
b. Creation of
new classes of stock.
Managements have proposed authorizing shares of new classes of stock, usually
preferreds, which the Board would be able to issue at their discretion. The Board would also be granted the discretion to determine the dividend rate, voting privileges, redemption provisions, conversion rights, etc. without
A-3
approval of the shareholders. These blank check issues are designed specifically to inhibit a takeover, merger, or accountability to its shareholders.
Resolution:
EAI would vote AGAINST management in allowing the Board the discretion to issue any type of
blank check stock without shareholder approval.
c. Directors and
Management Liability and Indemnification.
These proposals are a result of the increasing cost of insuring
directors and top management against lawsuits. Generally, managements propose that the liability of directors and management be either eliminated or limited. Shareholders must have some recourse for losses that are caused by negligence on the part
of directors and management. Therefore directors and management should be responsible for their fiduciary duty of care towards the company. The Duty of Care is defined as the obligation of directors and management to be diligent in considering a
transaction or in taking or refusing to take a corporate action.
Resolution:
On a case by case
basis, EAI votes
Against
attempts by management to eliminate directors and management liability for their duty of care.
d. Compensation Plans (Incentive Plans)
Management occasionally will propose to adopt an incentive plan which will become effective in the event of a takeover or
merger. These plans are commonly known as golden parachutes or tin parachutes as they are specifically designed to grossly or unduly benefit a select few in management who would most likely lose their jobs in an acquisition.
Shareholders should be allowed to vote on all plans of this type.
Resolution:
On a case by case
basis, vote
Against
attempts by management to adopt proposals that are specifically designed to grossly or unduly benefit members of executive management in the event of an acquisition.
e. Greenmail
EAI would not support management in the payment of greenmail.
Resolution:
EAI would vote
FOR
any shareholder resolution that would eliminate the possibility of the
payment of greenmail.
f. Cumulative Voting
Cumulative voting entitles stockholders to as many votes as equal the number of shares they own multiplied by the number
of directors being elected. According to this set of rules, a shareholder can cast all votes towards a single director, or any two or more. This is a proposal usually made by a minority shareholder seeking to elect a director to the Board who
sympathizes with a special interest. It also can be used by management that owns a large percentage of the company to ensure that their appointed directors are elected.
Resolution:
Cumulative voting tends to serve special interests and not those of shareholders, therefore EAI will
vote
Against
any proposals establishing cumulative voting and
For
any proposal to eliminate it.
g. Proposals Designed to Discourage Mergers & Acquisitions In Advance
These provisions direct Board members to weigh socioeconomic and legal as well as financial factors when evaluating takeover bids. This catchall apparently means that the perceived interests of customers,
suppliers, managers, etc., would have to be considered along with those of the shareholder. These proposals may be worded: amendments to instruct the Board to consider certain factors when evaluating an acquisition proposal. Directors
are elected primarily to promote and protect the shareholder interests. Directors should not allow other considerations to dilute or deviate from those interests.
Resolution:
EAI will vote
Against
proposals that would discourage the
most productive use of corporate assets in advance.
h. Confidential Voting
A company that does not have a ballot provision has the ability to see the proxy votes before the annual
meeting. In this way, management is able to know before the final outcome how their proposals are being accepted. If a proposal is not going their way, management has the ability to call shareholders to attempt to convince them to change their
votes. Elections should take place in normal democratic process which includes the secret ballot. Elections without the secret ballot can lead to coercion of shareholders, employees, and other corporate partners.
Resolution:
Vote
For
proposals to establish secret ballot voting.
A-4
i. Disclosure
Resolution:
EAI will vote
Against
proposals that would require any kind of unnecessary disclosure of
business records. EAI will vote
For
proposals that require disclosure of records concerning unfair labor practices or records dealing with the public safety.
j. Sweeteners
Resolution:
EAI will vote
Against
proposals that include what are called sweeteners used to
entice shareholders to vote for a proposal that includes other items that may not be in the shareholders best interest. For instance, including a stock split in the same proposal as a classified Board, or declaring an extraordinary dividend in the
same proposal installing a shareholders rights plan (Poison Pill).
k. Changing the
State of Incorporation
If management sets forth a proposal to change the State of Incorporation, the reason
for change is usually to take advantage of another states liberal corporation laws, especially regarding mergers, takeovers, and anti-shareholder measures. Many companies view the redomestication in another jurisdiction as an opportune time to
put new anti-shareholder measures on the books or to purge their charter and bylaws of inconvenient shareholder rights, written consent, cumulative voting, etc.
Resolution:
On a case by case basis, EAI will vote
Against
proposals
changing the State of Incorporation for the purpose of their anti-shareholder provisions and will support shareholder proposals calling for reincorporation into a jurisdiction more favorable to shareholder democracy.
l. Equal Access to Proxy Statements
EAI supports stockholders right to equal access to the proxy statement, in the same manner that management has access.
Stockholders are the owners of a corporation and should not be bound by timing deadlines and other obstacles that presently shareholders must abide by in sponsoring proposals in a proxy statement. The Board should not have the ability to arbitrarily
prevent a shareholder proposal from appearing in the proxy statement.
Resolution:
EAI will support any proposal calling for equal access to proxy statements.
m. Abstention Votes
EAI supports changes in the method of accounting for abstention votes. Abstention votes should
not
be considered as
shares represented or cast at an annual meeting. Only those shares cast
favoring or opposing
a proposal should be included in the total votes cast to determine if a majority vote has been achieved. Votes cast
abstaining should not be included in total votes cast.
Resolution:
EAI will support any proposal to change a companys by-laws or articles of incorporation to reflect the proper accounting for abstention votes.
III. Other Issues
On other major issues involving questions of community interest, moral and social concern, fiduciary trust and
respect for the law such as:
EAI, in general supports the position of management. Exceptions to this policy Include:
1. South Africa
A-5
EAI will actively encourage those corporations that have South African
interests to adopt and adhere to the Statement of Principles for South Africa, formerly known as the Sullivan Principles, and to take further actions to promote responsible corporate activity.
2. Northern Ireland
EAI will actively encourage U.S. companies in Northern Ireland to adopt and adhere to the MacBride Principles, and to
take further actions to promote responsible corporate activity.
IV. Other Potential Conflicts of Interest
EAI may manage a variety of corporate accounts that are publically traded. EAI will use Glass-Lewis recommendations to avoid any
appearance of a conflict of interest when voting proxies of its clients that are publically traded companies.
A-6
PART C. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28.
Exhibits
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(a)
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(1)
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Trust Instrument of Registrant.(1)
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(2)
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Revised Trust Instrument of Registrant.(1)
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(3)
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Amendment to Trust Instrument of Registrant dated August 7, 2009.(8)
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(b)
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(1)
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By-Laws of Registrant.(1)
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(2)
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Revised By-Laws of Registrant.(1)
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(3)
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Amendment to By-Laws of Registrant dated April 25, 2008.(5)
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(c)
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Provisions of instruments defining rights of security holders are contained in Articles 2 and 7 of the Declaration of Trust (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(1) of
this filing).
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(d)
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(1)
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Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Advisers, Inc. (n/k/a ALPS Advisors, Inc.) with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed
Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund).(4)
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(2)
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Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated October 1, 2007 among Registrant, ALPS Advisers, Inc. (n/k/a ALPS Advisors, Inc.) and Red Rocks Capital LLC with respect to the ALPS/Red
Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund).(4)
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(3)
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Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(16)
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(4)
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Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Wellington Management Company, LLP with respect to the ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa
Value Fund).(16)
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(5)
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Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the Clough China Fund.(16)
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(6)
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Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Clough Capital Partners, LP with respect to the Clough China Fund.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap
Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Jefferies Asset Management, LLC with respect to the Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy
Allocation Fund.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront
Moderate Growth & Income Funds.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and RiverFront Investments, LLC with respect to the RiverFront Long-Term Growth Fund, RiverFront Moderate
Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income
Funds.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Long-Term Growth Fund.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
Investment Advisory Agreement dated January 20, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(19)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International
Opportunities Funds.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18)
|
|
Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Highland Associates, Inc. with respect to the Redmont Resolute Fund I and Redmont Resolute Fund II.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19)
|
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth
Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(e)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Distribution Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private
Equity Fund).(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Amendment No. 1 dated August 31, 2009 to the Distribution Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/WMC
Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Amendment No. 3 dated January 15, 2010 to the Distribution Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Clough China
Fund.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
Form of Selling Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and Broker/Dealer.(10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
Form of Shareholder Servicing Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing
firm.(10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
Form of Administrative Services Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing
firm.(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
Form of Fund-SERV Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing firm.(10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Form of Trust Networking Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing firm.(10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
Distribution Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap
Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Amendment No. 4 dated March 9, 2010 to the Distribution Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed
Private Equity (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund), ALPS/WMC Value Intersection (f/k/a Activa Value Fund) and ALPS/GNI Long-Short Funds.(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
Amendment dated June 15, 2010 to the Distribution Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Jefferies Asset Management
Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
Amendment dated August 2, 2010 to the Distribution Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to RiverFront Moderate Growth,
RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Funds.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
Amendment dated September 27, 2010 to the Distribution Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to RiverFront Long-Term
Growth Fund.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
Amendment dated January 20, 2011 to the Distribution Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth
Fund.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
Form of Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
Form of Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(19)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities
Funds.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18)
|
|
Form of Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Redmont Resolute Fund I and Redmont Resolute Fund II.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19)
|
|
Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
Form of Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
(f)
|
|
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
(g)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Custody Agreement dated November 13, 2007 between Registrant and The Bank of New York with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity
Fund).(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated November 13, 2007 between Registrant and The Bank of New York with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed
Private Equity Fund).(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Custodian Agreement dated August 3, 2009 between Registrant and Union Bank N.A. with respect to the ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
Amendment No. 2 dated December 30, 2009 to Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value
Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
Amendment No. 2 dated December 30, 2009 to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and
the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
Amendment to Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund, RiverFront
Long-Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Funds.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
Amendment to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund,
RiverFront Long-Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Funds.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Amendment to Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(21).
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
Amendment to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Form of Amendment to Custodian Agreement between Registrant and Union Bank N.A. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
Form of Amendment to Custodian Agreement between Registrant and Union Bank N.A. with respect to the Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(19)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
Amendment to Custodian Agreement between Registrant and Union Bank N.A. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities
Funds.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
Form of Amendment to Custodian Agreement between Registrant and Union Bank N.A. with respect Redmont Resolute Fund I and Redmont Resolute Fund II.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
Amendment to Custodian Agreement between Registrant and Union Bank N.A. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
Form of Amendment to Custodian Agreement between Registrant and Union Bank N.A. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth
Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
(h)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a
Listed Private Equity Fund).(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Amendment No. 2 dated August 31, 2009 to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with
respect to the ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Amendment No. 4 dated January 15, 2010 to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clough
China Fund.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
Amendment No. 5 dated March 9, 2010 to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red
Rocks Listed Private Equity (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund), ALPS/WMC Value Intersection (f/k/a Activa Value Fund)and ALPS/GNI Long-Short Funds.(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value
Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
Transfer Agency and Interactive Client Service Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and
the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
Form of Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Form of Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(19)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International
Opportunities Funds.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Amendment dated June 15, 2010 to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. dated October 1, 2007 with respect to the Jefferies Asset
Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
Amendment dated August 2, 2010 to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. dated October 1, 2007 with respect to the RiverFront
Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Funds.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
Amendment dated September 27, 2010 to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. dated October 1, 2007 with respect to the RiverFront
Long-Term Growth Fund.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
Amendment dated January 20, 2011 to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. dated October 1, 2007 with respect to the
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
Form of Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Redmont Resolute Fund I and Redmont Resolute Fund
II.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
Form of Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and Emerald Growth
Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund
(f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund).(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18)
|
|
Amendment No. 1 dated August 31, 2009 to the Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with
respect to the ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19)
|
|
Amendment No. 3 dated January 15, 2010 to the Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the
Clough China Fund.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
Amendment No. 4 dated March 9, 2010 to the Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the
ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund), ALPS/WMC Value Intersection (f/k/a Activa Value Fund)and ALPS/GNI Long-Short Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
Amendment dated June 15, 2010 to the Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Jefferies
Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(22)
|
|
Amendment dated August 2, 2010 to the Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the
RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Funds.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(23)
|
|
Amendment dated September 27, 2010 to the Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the
RiverFront Long-Term Growth Fund.(18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(24)
|
|
Amendment dated January 20, 2011 to the Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to
the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
Form of Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy
Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(26)
|
|
Form of Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(19)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(27)
|
|
Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak
International Opportunities Funds.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(28)
|
|
Form of Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Redmont Resolute Fund I and Redmont Resolute Fund
II.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(29)
|
|
Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30)
|
|
Co-Administration and Shareholder Services Agreement between Registrant and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income
Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(31)
|
|
Form of Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald
Growth
Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(32)
|
|
PFO Services Agreement dated December 30, 2009 among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(33)
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 30, 2009 among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan
Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(34)
|
|
Form of PFO Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(35)
|
|
Form of Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy
Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(36)
|
|
Form of PFO Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Investors Growth
Fund.(19)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(37)
|
|
Form of Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Investors
Growth Fund.(19)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
PFO Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur
Peak International Opportunities Funds.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(39)
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global
Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Funds.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(40)
|
|
Form of PFO Services Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Redmont Resolute Fund I and Redmont Resolute Fund II.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(41)
|
|
Form of Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Redmont Resolute Fund I and Redmont Resolute Fund
II.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(42)
|
|
PFO Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income
Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(43)
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and
Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(44)
|
|
Form of PFO Services Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth
Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(45)
|
|
Form of Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald
Growth
Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(46)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(47)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the Clough China Fund.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(48)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Red Rocks Capital LLC with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private
Equity
Fund).(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(49)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap
Funds.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(50)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Jefferies Asset Management, LLC with respect to the Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation
Fund.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(51)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Long-Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth &
Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Funds.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(52)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(53)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(54)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity
Fund).(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(55)
|
|
Form of License Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc., Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited and Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth
Fund.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(56)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International
Opportunities Funds.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(57)
|
|
Form of Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and Highland Associates, Inc. with respect to the Redmont Resolute Fund I and Redmont Resolute Fund II.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(58)
|
|
Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(59)
|
|
Form of Fee Waiver Letter Agreement between Registrant and Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth
Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(i)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity, ALPS/WMC Value Intersection, Clough China, Jefferies Asset
Management Commodity Strategy Allocation, RiverFront Long-Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income, RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income, ALPS/Kotak India Growth, Vulcan Value Partners and Vulcan Value
Partners Small Cap Value Funds.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund (filed herewith).
|
|
|
|
(j)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, as Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity, ALPS/WMC Value Intersection, Clough
China, Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation, RiverFront Long-Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income, RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income, ALPS/Kotak India Growth, Vulcan Value
Partners and Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Value Funds.(21)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, as Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, with respect to the Forward Banking and Finance Fund and the Forward Growth Fund (filed
herewith).
|
|
|
|
(k)
|
|
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
(l)
|
|
|
|
Form of Share Purchase Agreement with respect to the Registrant.(14)
|
|
|
|
(m)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund), Class A.(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund), Class R.(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund), Class C.(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund), Class C.(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund), Class A.(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund), Class C.(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund), Class C.(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Clough China Fund, Class A.(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Clough China Fund, Class C.(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Clough China Fund, Class C.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund, Class A.(12)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund, Class C.(12)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund, Class A.(12)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund, Class C.(12)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan RiverFront Long-Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income
Funds, Class A.(13)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan RiverFront Long-Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income
Funds, Class C.(13)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan RiverFront Long-Term Growth, Investor Class.(13)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan RiverFront Long-Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long-Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Funds,
Class C.(13)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, Class A.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, Class C.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, Class A.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(22)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, Class C.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(23)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund, Class A.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(24)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Funds, Investor Class.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Redmont Resolute Fund I, Class A.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(26)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Redmont Resolute Fund I, Class A.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(27)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund, Investor Class.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(28)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund, Institutional Class.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(29)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Class A.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Class C.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(31)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Investor Class.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(32)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Emerald Growth Fund, Class A.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(33)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Emerald Growth Fund, Class C.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(34)
|
|
Distribution and Services Plan Emerald Growth Fund, Investor Class.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(35)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Class C.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(36)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Institutional Class.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(37)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Investor Class.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Emerald Growth Fund, Class C.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(39)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Emerald Growth Fund, Institutional Class.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(40)
|
|
Shareholder Services Plan Emerald Growth Fund, Investor Class.(24)
|
|
|
|
(n)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund).(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan Clough China Fund.(16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan Jefferies Asset Management Commodity Strategy Allocation Fund.(12)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan RiverFront Long Term Growth, RiverFront Moderate Growth, RiverFront Long Term Growth & Income and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income
Funds.(13)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Funds.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan Redmont Resolute Fund I.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
Rule 18f-3 Plan Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and Emerald Growth Fund.(24)
|
|
|
|
(p)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Registrant, revised as of March 13, 2006.(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Code of Ethics for ALPS Holdings, Inc. (includes ALPS Advisors, Inc. and ALPS Distributors, Inc., each a subsidiary of ALPS Holdings, Inc.) revised as of May 1,
2010.(13)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Red Rocks Capital LLC as of December 31, 2008, as amended.(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Wellington Management Company, LLP as of October 1, 2008.(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Clough Capital Partners LP as of May 2, 2007.(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Vulcan Value Partners, LLC as of October 15, 2009.(11)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Jefferies Asset Management, LLC.(12)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Code of Ethics for RiverFront Investments, LLC.(15)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited.(17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Aspen Partners Ltd.(20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc.(19)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC.(22)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Highland Associates, Inc.(25)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC.(26)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust.(24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(q)
|
|
(1)
|
|
Power of Attorney dated August 13, 2009.(9)
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on August 28, 1997.
|
(2)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 30 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2006.
|
(3)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 32 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on September 5, 2007.
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on November 20, 2007.
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on May 6, 2008.
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on June 12, 2009.
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on
August 20, 2009.
|
(8)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 40 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2009.
|
(9)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on September 29, 2009.
|
(10)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on October 13, 2009.
|
(11)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 46 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on December 29, 2009.
|
(12)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on June 15, 2010.
|
(13)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on
June 25, 2010.
|
(14)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on June 30, 2010.
|
(15)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on July 30, 2010.
|
(16)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on August 30, 2010.
|
(17)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on January 28, 2011.
|
(18)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on April 29, 2011.
|
(19)
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 75 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on July 13, 2011.
|
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 77 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on August 1, 2011.
|
(21)
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 80 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on August 29, 2011.
|
(22)
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on September 22, 2011.
|
(23)
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 87 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on December 22, 2011.
|
(24)
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on December 23, 2011.
|
(25)
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on December 29, 2011.
|
(26)
|
|
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 to Registrants Registration Statement filed on January 30, 2012.
|
Item 29.
|
Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Registrant
.
|
None.
Item 30.
|
Indemnification
.
|
As permitted by Section 17(h) and (i) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), and
pursuant to Article X of the Registrants Trust Instrument (Exhibit (a)(1) and (a)(2) to the Registration Statement), Section 1.10 of the Distribution Agreement (Exhibit (e)(1) to the Registration Statement) and Section 15 of the
Distribution Agreement (Exhibit (e)(6) to the Registration Statement), officers, trustees, employees and agents of the Registrant will not be liable to the Registrant, any shareholder, officer, trustee, employee, agent or other person for any action
or failure to act, except for bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of duties, and those individuals may be indemnified against liabilities in connection with the Registrant, subject to the same exceptions.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities
Act), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant understands that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such
indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or
paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the
Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The Registrant has purchased an insurance policy insuring its officers and trustees against
liabilities, and certain costs of defending claims against such officers and trustees, to the extent such officers and trustees are not found to have committed conduct constituting willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard in the performance of their duties. The insurance policy also insures the Registrant against the cost of indemnification payments to officers under certain circumstances.
The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will apply the indemnification provisions of its Declaration of Trust and Distribution
Agreements in a manner consistent with Release No. 11330 of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act so long as the interpretations of Section 17(h) and 17(i) of such Act remain in effect and are consistently applied.
Item 31.
|
Business and Other Connections of Investment Advisers
.
|
ALPS ADVISORS, INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position with
ALPS
Advisors, Inc.
|
|
Other
Business
Connections
|
|
Type of Business
|
Edmund J. Burke
|
|
Director
|
|
See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
Thomas A. Carter
|
|
President, Director
|
|
President and Director, ALPS Distributors and FTAM Funds Distributor, Inc., Executive Vice President and
Director, ALPS Holdings, Inc. and Director, ALPS Fund Services, Inc.
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
Jeremy O. May
|
|
Executive Vice President,
Director
|
|
See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
Diana M. Adams
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Controller, Treasurer
|
|
Vice President and Controller, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., FTAM Funds Distributor, Inc. and
ALPS Fund Services, Inc.
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
Tané T. Tyler
|
|
Senior Vice President,
General Counsel,
Secretary
|
|
General Counsel, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., FTAM Funds Distributor, Inc. and ALPS Fund
Services, Inc.
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
Bradley J. Swenson
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
CCO, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., FTAM Funds Distributor, Inc. and ALPS Fund Services,
Inc.
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
Corey Dillon
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Director of Institutional Advisory Services
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Jeremy Held
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Director of Research
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robert J. Szydlowski
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Chief Technology Officer
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
William R. Parmentier, Jr.
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Chief Investment Officer
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Mark T. Haley
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Erin E. Douglas
|
|
Vice President, Senior
Associate Counsel
|
|
Vice President, Senior Associate Counsel, ALPS Distributors, Inc. ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and FTAM Funds Distributor, Inc.
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
JoEllen L. Legg
|
|
Vice President, Senior
Associate Counsel
|
|
See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
Paul F. Leone
|
|
Vice President, Assistant
General Counsel
|
|
Vice President, Assistant General Counsel, ALPS Distributors, Inc. ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and FTAM Funds Distributor, Inc.
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
David T. Buhler
|
|
Vice President, Associate
Counsel
|
|
Vice President, Associate Counsel, ALPS Distributors, Inc. ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and FTAM Funds Distributor, Inc.
|
|
Fund Servicing
|
Michael Akins
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Amy E. Temkin
|
|
Assistant Vice President
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
*The principal business address for each of the ALPS Advisors, Inc. representatives is: 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver,
Colorado, 80203.
RED ROCKS CAPITAL LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position with Red Rocks
Capital LLC
|
|
Other Business
Connections
|
|
Type
of
Business
|
Adam Goldman
|
|
Managing Partner
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Mark Sunderhuse
|
|
Managing Partner
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Matt Luoma
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
*The principal business address for each of the Red Rocks Capital LLC representatives is: 25188 Genesee Trail Road, Suite
250, Suite 250, Golden, Colorado 80401.
WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLP
The principal business address of Wellington Management Company, LLP is 75 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109. Wellington
Management Company, LLP is an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. During the last two fiscal years, no partner of Wellington Management Company, LLP, the ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Funds (f/k/a Activa
Value Fund) investment sub-adviser, has engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature.
CLOUGH CAPITAL PARTNERS, LP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position
with Clough
Capital Partners LP
|
|
Other
Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
Charles I. Clough, Jr.
|
|
Partner, Chief Executive Officer, Portfolio Manager
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
James E. Canty
|
|
Partner, Chief Financial Officer, Portfolio Manager
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Eric A. Brock
|
|
Partner, Portfolio Manager
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Daniel J. Gillis
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
* The principal business address for each of the Clough Capital Partners LP representatives is: One
Post Office Square, 40
th
Floor, Boston, Massachusetts
02109.
VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position
with Vulcan
Value Partners
|
|
Other
Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
C.T. Fitzpatrick
|
|
Chief Executive
Officer,
Chief Investment Officer
|
|
Current - Chairman of the Board,
Green Co.
(Montgomery, Alabama)
|
|
Real Estate
|
Bruce Donnellan
|
|
Principal /
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
Former - Acquisition Manager,
Southern Power Company (Birmingham, Alabama)
|
|
Public Utility
|
Adam McClain
|
|
Principal /
Business Development
|
|
Former - First Vice President,
Private Wealth Management Group, Sun Trust Bank (Memphis, Tennessee)
|
|
Financial Services
|
Hampton McFadden
|
|
Principal /
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
Current Director of
Republic Capital Access (Washington D.C.)
Former - Co-Founder, CEO, and
General Counsel of Republic Capital Access (Washington D.C.)
|
|
Financial Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scott Sanfratel
|
|
Principal/
Chief Operating Officer
|
|
Former -
Sales/Engineering,
Habasit LLC
(Atlanta, Georgia)
|
|
Manufacturing
|
*The principal business address for each of the Vulcan Value Partners, LLC representatives is: 3500 Blue Lake Drive, Suite
400, Birmingham, Alabama 35243.
JEFFERIES ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position with Jefferies
Asset Management, LLC
|
|
Other Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
Adam C. De Chiara
|
|
Co-President
|
|
Co-President Jefferies
Financial Products, LLC
Co-President Jefferies Commodity Investment
Services, LLC
Registered Representative Jefferies & Company,
Inc.
Member Jefferies Group, Inc. Executive
Committee
|
|
Financial Services
|
Bradford L. Klein
|
|
Co-President
|
|
Co-President Jefferies
Financial Products, LLC
Co-President - Jefferies Commodity Investment
Services, LLC
Member Jefferies Group, Inc. Executive
Committee
|
|
Financial Services
|
Andrew R. Kaplan
|
|
Executive Vice President and General Counsel
|
|
Executive Vice President and
General Counsel Jefferies Financial Products, LLC
Executive Vice
President and General Counsel
|
|
Financial Services
|
Peregrine C. Broadbent
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
Chief Financial Officer for
Jefferies Group, Inc. and certain of its affiliates
Member
Jefferies Group, Inc. Executive Committee
|
|
Financial Services
|
Todd A. Streichler
|
|
Managing Director Finance
|
|
Managing Director Jefferies
Financial Products, LLC
Managing Director Jefferies Commodity
Investment Services, LLC
|
|
Financial Services
|
Michael S. Kaplan
|
|
Managing Director Operations
|
|
Managing Director Jefferies
Financial Products, LLC
|
|
Financial Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Managing Director Jefferies Commodity Investment Services,
LLC
|
|
|
Michael S. Sheehy
|
|
Senior Vice President
and
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
Senior Vice President and Chief
Compliance Officer Jefferies Financial Products, LLC
Senior Vice
President and Chief Compliance Officer Jefferies Commodity Investment Services, LLC
|
|
Financial Services
|
*The principal business address for each of the Jefferies Asset Management, LLC representatives is: The Metro Center, One
Station Place, 3N, Stamford, Connecticut 06902.
RIVERFRONT INVESTMENTS, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position
with
RiverFront Investments
LLC
|
|
Other Business
Connections
|
|
Type
of
Business
|
Paul Michael Jones, CFA
|
|
Chief Investment
Officer,
Founding Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Rod Smyth
|
|
Chief Investment
Strategist,
Founding Partner
|
|
Virginia Retirement System (VRS) Chairman, Investment Advisory
Committee
|
|
Financial Services
|
Doug Sandler, CFA
|
|
Chief Equity Officer,
Founding Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Peter J. Quinn, Jr
|
|
Chief Operating
Officer,
Founding Partner
|
|
Virginia Business Bank (VBB) Board Member
|
|
Financial Services
|
Timothy Anderson, CFA
|
|
Chief Fixed Income
Strategist, Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Samuel Turner, CMT
|
|
Director Large Cap Portfolio Management, Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Paul Louie
|
|
Director Small/Mid Cap
Portfolio Management,
Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
William Ryder, CFA, CMT
|
|
Director of
Quantitative
Strategy, Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Marc Cheatham
|
|
Director Technology
&
Operations, Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Chris Konstantinos
|
|
Portfolio Risk Manager
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
*The principal business address for each of the RiverFront representatives is: 1214 East Cary Street, Richmond, VA 23219.
KOTAK MOHINDRA (UK) LTD.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position with Kotak-
Mahindra
|
|
Other Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
Shyam Kumar
|
|
Director and CEO, Kotak Mahindra (UK) Ltd
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Vishwanathan
|
|
Director, Compliance
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Varadarajan
|
|
and MLRO, Kotak
Mahindra (UK) Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
Abhishek Bhalotia
|
|
Director, Kotak
Mahindra (UK) Ltd.
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
Ruchit Puri
|
|
Director, Kotak
Mahindra (UK) Ltd.
|
|
Not Applicable
|
|
Not Applicable
|
*The principal business address for each of the Kotak-Mohindra representatives is: 6
th
Floor, Portsoken House, 155-157 Minories, London EC3N 1LS United
Kingdom.
ASPEN PARTNERS LTD.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name*
|
|
Position with Aspen
Partners, Ltd.
|
|
Other Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
Kenneth E. Banwart
|
|
Managing Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Bryan R. Fisher
|
|
Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
William Ware Bush
|
|
Partner
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Adam Langley
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Paul Morin
|
|
Co-Chief Investment Officer
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Deborah Terry
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
*The principal business address for each of the Aspen Partners Ltd. representatives is: 4200 Northside Parkway, Building
Eleven, Suite 200, Atlanta, GA 30327.
DISCIPLINED GROWTH INVESTORS, INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name*
|
|
Position with Disciplined
Investors, Inc.
|
|
Other Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
Fred Martin
|
|
Director and President
|
|
Compass Investors LP
Special Limited Partner
Navigator Investors, LP Managing General
Partner
|
|
Financial
Services
Financial Services
|
Rob Nicoski
|
|
Portfolio Manager
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Scott Link
|
|
Portfolio Manager
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
*The principal business address for each of Disciplined Investors, Inc. representatives is: Fifth Street Towers,
Suite 2550, 150 South Fifth Street, Minneapolis, MN 55402.
GRANDEUR PEAK GLOBAL ADVISORS, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position with Grandeur
Peaks Global Advisors,
LLC
|
|
Other
Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
Robert Thatcher Gardiner
|
|
Chief Executive Officer, Director
|
|
Manager
Gardiner Investments, LLC
4247 Camille St.
Salt Lake City, UT 84124
|
|
Investment holding company
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director (Board of Managers)
Gardiner Properties, LLC 1075 East 2100 South Salt Lake City,
Utah 84106
|
|
Real estate development
company
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Blake Harold Walker
|
|
Chief Investment
Officer,
Executive Vice President, Director
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
Eric W. Huefner
|
|
President, Chief Operations Officer, Chief Compliance Officer,
Director
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
* The principal business address for each of Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC representatives is: 136 S. Main Street,
Suite 720, Salt Lake City, Utah 84101.
HIGHLAND ASSOCIATES, INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position with Highland
Associates,
Inc.
|
|
Other Business
Connections
|
|
Type
of
Business
|
William A. Terry
|
|
Founder and Partner
|
|
Protective Life Corporation
(Birmingham, AL)
Highland Good Steward Management (Birmingham, AL)
Highland Strategies, LLC (Birmingham, AL)
Highland Information Services, Inc. (Birmingham,
AL)
APV Fund Manager, LLC (Birmingham, AL)
Highland Fund Management Company (Birmingham, AL)
|
|
Insurance
Investments
Investments
Investments
Investments
Investments
|
Charles D. Perry, Jr.
|
|
Founder and Partner
|
|
Highland Good Steward Management
(Birmingham, AL)
Highland Strategies, LLC (Birmingham, AL)
Highland Information Services, Inc. (Birmingham, AL)
APV Fund Manager, LLC (Birmingham,
AL)
Highland Fund Management Company (Birmingham, AL)
|
|
Investments
Investments
Investments
Investments
Investments
|
William Thomas Mills, II
|
|
Founder and Partner
|
|
Highland Good Steward Management
(Birmingham, AL)
Highland Strategies, LLC (Birmingham, AL)
Highland Information Services, Inc.
APV Fund Manager, LLC (Birmingham, AL)
Highland Fund Management Company (Birmingham, AL)
|
|
Investments
Investments
Investments
Investments
Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John R. Doody, Jr.
|
|
COO and Director of Research and Shareholder
|
|
Highland Good Steward Management
(Birmingham, AL)
Highland Strategies, LLC (Birmingham, AL)
|
|
Investments
Investments
|
Susan L. Padgett
|
|
Shareholder
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
R. Scott Graham
|
|
Consultant and Shareholder
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
Michael T. Lytle
|
|
Consultant and Shareholder
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
Paige B. Daniel
|
|
Consultant and Shareholder
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
Hunter W. Craig
|
|
Manager of Investment Analysis and Shareholder
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
*The principal business address for each of the Highland Associates representatives is: 2545 Highland Ave. South, Suite
200 Birmingham, AL 35205-2478.
SEAFARER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position
with Seafarer
Capital Partners, LLC
|
|
Other
Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
Andrew T. Foster
|
|
Managing Member,
Chief Executive Officer,
Chief Investment Officer
|
|
Formerly:
Portfolio Manager
Matthews International
Capital Management, LLC
4 Embarcadero Center,
Suite 550
San Francisco CA 94111
Vice President/Officer
Matthews Asian Funds
4 Embarcadero Center,
Suite 550
San Francisco CA 94111
|
|
Registered investment adviser to mutual funds; registered
investment company
|
Michelle M. Foster
|
|
Managing Member,
Chief Financial Officer,
Director of Fund
Administration
|
|
Formerly:
Member of Investment Advisory Team and Investment Committee
Litman Gregory Asset Management, LLC
100 Larkspur Landing Circle,
Suite 204
Larkspur, CA 94939
|
|
Registered investment adviser
|
Kate Jaquet
|
|
Compliance Officer
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
* The principal business address for each of the Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC representatives is 700 Larkspur Landing
Circle, Suite #105, Larkspur, CA 94939.
EMERALD MUTUAL FUNDS ADVISERS TRUST
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position with Emerald
Mutual Funds
Advisers Trust
|
|
Other
Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
Kenneth Mertz
|
|
President, Chief Investment Officer and Portfolio Manager
|
|
President, Portfolio Manager
(since 1/1/92)
Emerald Advisers, Inc.
3175 Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
|
|
Investment adviser
|
Daniel Moyer
|
|
Executive Vice
President
|
|
Executive Vice President,
Managing Director
(since 10/1/1992) and
Assistant Secretary
Emerald Advisers, Inc.
3175 Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
Managing Director
(since 5/24/2011)
Emerald Fixed-Income Advisers, LLC
3175 Oregon
Pike
Leola, PA 17540
Managing Director
(since 8/7/2009),
Secretary and Treasurer
Emerald Separate Account Management, LLC
3175 Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
Executive Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer
Emerald Asset Management, Inc.
3175 Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
President, Manager
(since 5/24/2011)
EmTALF GP, LLC
3175 Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
|
|
Investment adviser
Investment
adviser
Investment adviser
Holding
company
General Partner of Fund
|
James Meehan
|
|
Chief Compliance
Officer
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer
(since 5/1/2009)
Emerald Advisers, Inc.
3175 Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
Investment
adviser
Investment adviser
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Position with Emerald
Mutual Funds
Advisers Trust
|
|
Other
Business
Connections
|
|
Type of
Business
|
|
|
|
|
(since 8/7/2009)
Emerald Separate Account Management, LLC
3175
Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
Chief Compliance Officer
(since 2/1/2006)
Emerald Fixed Income Advisers
3175 Oregon
Pike
Leola, PA 17540
|
|
Investment adviser
|
Stacy Sears
|
|
Senior Vice
President,
Secretary and Portfolio Manager
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Portfolio Manager
(since 10/1/1992)
Emerald Advisers, Inc.
3175 Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
|
|
Investment adviser
|
Steve Russell, Esq.
|
|
Portfolio Manager,
Emerald
Banking and Finance Fund
|
|
|
|
|
Joseph Garner
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Portfolio Manager, Emerald Growth Fund
|
|
Vice President
Emerald Advisers, Inc.
3175 Oregon
Pike
Leola, PA 17540
Assistant Secretary
Emerald Asset
Management, Inc.
3175 Oregon Pike
Leola, PA 17540
|
|
Investment
adviser
Holding company
|
* The principal business address for each of the Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust representatives is 3175 Oregon Pike,
Leola, PA 17540.
Item 32.
|
Principal Underwriter
.
|
(a) ALPS Distributors, Inc. acts as the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: ALPS ETF Trust, Ameristock Mutual Fund, Inc., Arbitrage Funds, AQR Funds, BBH Trust,
BLDRS Index Funds Trust, BPV Family of Funds, Brown Management Funds, Caldwell & Orkin Funds, Inc., Campbell Multi-Strategy Trust, Columbia ETF Trust, Cook & Bynum Funds Trust, CornerCap Group of Funds, The Cortina Funds, Inc., CRM
Mutual Fund Trust, Cullen Funds, Drexel Hamilton Investment Partners LLC, EGA Global Shares Trust, Financial Investors Variable Insurance Trust, Firsthand Funds, Forward Funds, GLG Investment Series Trust, Heartland Group, Inc., Henssler Funds,
Inc., Holland Balanced Fund,
IndexIQ Trust, Index IQ ETF Trust, James Advantage Funds, Laudus Trust, Laudus Institutional Trust, Milestone Funds, Oak Associates Funds, Pax World Series Trust I, Pax World Funds Trust II,
PowerShares QQQ 100 Trust Series 1, RiverNorth Funds, Russell Exchange Traded Funds Trust, SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Select Sector SPDR Trust, Stonebridge Funds, Inc.,
Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Tilson Investment Trust, Transparent Value Trust, db-X Exchange-Traded Funds Inc., Trust for Professional Managers, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, Westcore Trust, Whitebox Mutual Funds, Williams Capital Liquid Assets
Fund, Wilmington Funds and WisdomTree Trust.
(b) To the best of Registrants knowledge, the directors and executive
officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc. are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Name
*
|
|
Positions with Underwriter
|
|
Positions with
Fund
|
|
|
|
Thomas A. Carter
|
|
President
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Edmund J. Burke
|
|
Director
|
|
Trustee, Chairman and President
|
|
|
|
Jeremy O. May
|
|
Executive Vice President, Director
|
|
Treasurer
|
|
|
|
Diana M. Adams
|
|
Senior Vice President, Controller, Treasurer
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Robert J. Szydlowski
|
|
Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Tané T. Tyler
|
|
Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Secretary
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Brad Swenson
|
|
Senior Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Kevin J. Ireland
|
|
Senior Vice President, Director of Institutional Sales
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Mark R. Kiniry
|
|
Senior Vice President, National Sales Director-Investments
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Erin E. Douglas
|
|
Vice President, Senior Associate Counsel
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
JoEllen L. Legg
|
|
Vice President, Senior Associate Counsel
|
|
Secretary
|
|
|
|
Paul F. Leone
|
|
Vice President, Assistant General Counsel
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
David T. Buhler
|
|
Vice President, Associate Counsel
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Steven Price
|
|
Vice President, Deputy Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
James Stegall
|
|
Vice President, Institutional Sales Manager
|
|
None
|
* The principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is: 1290 Broadway,
Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.
(c) Not applicable.
Item 33.
|
Location of Accounts and Records
.
|
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules thereunder are maintained at the following offices:
(1) ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203; (2) ALPS Advisors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203; (3) Red Rocks Capital LLC, 25188 Genesee Trail Road, Suite 250, Suite 250,
Golden, Colorado 80401; (4) Wellington Management Company, LLP, 75 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109; (5) Clough Capital Partners LP, One Post Office Square, 40
th
Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109; (6) Vulcan Value Partners, LLC, 3500 Blue Lake Drive, Suite 400, Birmingham,
Alabama 35243; (7) Jefferies Asset Management, LLC, The Metro Center, One Station Place, 3N, Stamford, Connecticut 06902; (8) RiverFront Investments LLC, 1214 East Cary Street, Richmond, VA 23219; and (9) Kotak-Mohindra (UK) Limited,
6
th
Floor, Portsoken House, 155-157 Minories, London EC3N
1LS United Kingdom; (10) Aspen Partners Ltd., 4200 Northside Parkway, Building Eleven, Suite 200, Atlanta, GA 30327; (11) Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc., Fifth Street Towers, Suite 2550, 150 South Fifth Street, Minneapolis, MN 55402;
(12) Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC, 136 S. Main Street, Suite 720, Salt Lake City, Utah 84101; (13) Highland Associates, Inc., 2545 Highland Ave. South, Suite 200 Birmingham, AL 35205-2478; (14) Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC,
700 Larkspur Landing Circle, Suite #105, Larkspur, CA 94939; and (15) Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust, 3175 Oregon Pike, Leola, PA 17540.
Item 34.
|
Management Services
.
|
Not applicable.
Not
applicable.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, certifies that it
meets all the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement pursuant to rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 93 of its Registration Statement to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Denver, and State of Colorado, on March 15, 2012.
|
|
|
FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST
|
(Registrant)
|
|
|
By:
|
|
/s/ Edmund J. Burke
|
|
|
Edmund J. Burke
|
|
|
President
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration
Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
|
|
|
/s/ Edmund J. Burke
|
|
President, Trustee and Chairman
|
|
March 15, 2012
|
Edmund J. Burke
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ John R. Moran, Jr.
|
|
Trustee
|
|
March 15, 2012
|
John R. Moran, Jr.*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jeremy W. Deems
|
|
Trustee
|
|
March 15, 2012
|
Jeremy W. Deems*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Mary K. Anstine
|
|
Trustee
|
|
March 15, 2012
|
Mary K. Anstine*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jerry G. Rutledge
|
|
Trustee
|
|
March 15, 2012
|
Jerry G. Rutledge*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Michael Ross Shell
|
|
Trustee
|
|
March 15, 2012
|
Michael Ross Shell*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jeremy O. May
|
|
Treasurer
|
|
March 15, 2012
|
Jeremy O. May
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Signature affixed by JoEllen L. Legg pursuant to a power of attorney dated August 13, 2009.
|
Exhibit List
|
|
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|
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Exhibit
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(i)
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(3)
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Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to the Emerald
Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund.
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(j)
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(2)
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Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, as Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm, with respect to the Forward Banking and Finance Fund and the Forward Growth
Fund.
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