UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________________________

FORM 6-K
 
__________________________________

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021
Commission File Number 001-38332
 
__________________________________
QIAGEN N.V.
__________________________________
Hulsterweg 82
5912 PL Venlo
The Netherlands
__________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F:
Form 20-F x           Form 40-F  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1):  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7):  o





QIAGEN N.V.
Form 6-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
2


OTHER INFORMATION
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, QIAGEN N.V. prepared its quarterly report under United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). This quarterly report is furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.1 and incorporated by reference herein.
3


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
QIAGEN N.V.
BY: /s/ Roland Sackers      
Roland Sackers
Chief Financial Officer
Date: July 30, 2021
 
4


EXHIBIT INDEX

5


Exhibit 99.1
QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
U.S. GAAP QUARTERLY REPORT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
Financial Information
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
2
4
6
7
9
10
31
38
39
39
39
39
39
40
 
1



QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)
 
Note
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
(unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 759,047  $ 597,984 
Short-term investments 138,974  117,249 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $26,939 and $27,052 in 2021 and 2020, respectively
366,151  380,519 
Inventories, net (11) 341,041  291,181 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (8) 196,982  237,472 
Total current assets 1,802,195  1,624,405 
Long-term assets:
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $645,050 and $630,443 in 2021 and 2020, respectively
599,991  559,372 
Goodwill (6) 2,332,697  2,364,031 
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $795,426 and $809,724 in 2021 and 2020, respectively
(6) 667,273  726,194 
Deferred income tax assets 77,456  54,879 
Fair value of derivative instruments (8) 266,312  379,080 
Other long-term assets (5) 161,553  161,658 
Total long-term assets 4,105,282  4,245,214 
Total assets $ 5,907,477  $ 5,869,619 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
2




QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par value)
 
Note June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
(unaudited)
Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt (7) $   $ 42,539 
Accounts payable 103,004  118,153 
Accrued and other current liabilities (8, 9, 13) 400,113  411,483 
Total current liabilities 503,117  572,175 
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt, net of current portion (7) 1,939,713  1,880,210 
Fair value of derivative instruments (8) 274,665  393,455 
Other long-term liabilities (9, 13) 189,286  186,724 
Deferred income tax liabilities 22,824  39,216 
Total long-term liabilities 2,426,488  2,499,605 
Commitments and contingencies (15)
Equity:
Preference shares, 0.01 EUR par value, authorized—450,000 shares, no shares issued and outstanding
—  — 
Financing preference shares, 0.01 EUR par value, authorized—40,000 shares, no shares issued and outstanding
—  — 
Common Shares, 0.01 EUR par value, authorized—410,000 shares, issued—230,829 shares in 2021 and 2020, respectively
(12) 2,702  2,702 
Additional paid-in capital (12) 1,799,414  1,834,169 
Retained earnings 1,537,485  1,323,091 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (12) (260,966) (243,822)
Less treasury shares, at cost—2,191 and 2,844 shares in 2021 and 2020, respectively
(12) (100,763) (118,301)
Total equity
2,977,872  2,797,839 
Total liabilities and equity $ 5,907,477  $ 5,869,619 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
3


                    
QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
Three months ended
June 30,
Note 2021 2020
(unaudited)
Net sales (13) $ 567,308  $ 443,252 
Cost of sales:
Cost of sales 180,388  133,340 
Acquisition-related intangible amortization 17,732  14,942 
Total cost of sales 198,120  148,282 
Gross profit 369,188  294,970 
Operating expenses:
Research and development 52,150  31,818 
Sales and marketing 110,394  94,376 
General and administrative 31,018  23,863 
Acquisition-related intangible amortization 5,320  5,022 
Restructuring, acquisition, integration and other, net (4) 9,035  21,121 
Long-lived asset impairments (4)   75 
Total operating expenses 207,917  176,275 
Income from operations 161,271  118,695 
Other income (expense):
Interest income 2,093  3,497 
Interest expense (13,907) (17,440)
Other income, net 442  4,000 
Total other expense, net (11,372) (9,943)
Income before income taxes 149,899  108,752 
Income tax expense 28,848  18,988 
Net income $ 121,051  $ 89,764 
Basic earnings per common share $ 0.53  $ 0.39 
Diluted earnings per common share $ 0.52  $ 0.38 
Weighted-average shares outstanding
Basic 228,518  228,391
Diluted 231,950  234,027

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
4


                    
QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except share data)
 
Six months ended
June 30,
Note 2021 2020
(unaudited)
Net sales (13) $ 1,134,514  $ 815,349 
Cost of sales:
Cost of sales 359,362  246,787 
Acquisition-related intangible amortization 35,373  30,054 
Total cost of sales 394,735  276,841 
Gross profit 739,779  538,508 
Operating expenses:
Research and development 99,583  66,630 
Sales and marketing 224,154  190,133 
General and administrative 64,821  52,057 
Acquisition-related intangible amortization 10,728  10,113 
Restructuring, acquisition, integration and other, net (4) 15,424  32,532 
Long-lived asset impairments (4)   1,034 
Total operating expenses 414,710  352,499 
Income from operations 325,069  186,009 
Other income (expense):
Interest income 3,711  6,681 
Interest expense (27,445) (36,362)
Other income (expense), net 7,664  (1,246)
Total other expense, net (16,070) (30,927)
Income before income taxes 308,999  155,082 
Income tax expense 58,725  25,489 
Net income $ 250,274  $ 129,593 
Basic earnings per common share $ 1.10  $ 0.57 
Diluted earnings per common share $ 1.08  $ 0.56 
Weighted-average shares outstanding
Basic 228,385  228,200 
Diluted 232,122  233,119 
    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5



QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
 
Three months ended
June 30,
Note 2021 2020
(unaudited)
Net income $ 121,051  $ 89,764 
Other comprehensive income (loss) to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods:
Losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $0.5 million in 2021 and $1.1 million in 2020
(8) (1,530) (3,889)
Reclassification adjustments on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $0.7 million in 2021 and $0.9 million in 2020
(8) 2,146  3,411 
Cash flow hedges, net of tax 616  (478)
Net investment hedge (8) (3,503) (6,154)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax of $0.1 million in 2021 and $0.2 million in 2020
8,166  42,550 
Total other comprehensive income 5,279  35,918 
Comprehensive income $ 126,330  $ 125,682 
Six months ended
June 30,
Note 2021 2020
(unaudited)
Net income $ 250,274  $ 129,593 
Other comprehensive income (loss) to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods:
Gains on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $1.6 million in 2021 and $3.0 million in 2020
(8) 4,861  10,873 
Reclassification adjustments on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $1.7 million in 2021 and $0.1 million in 2020
(8) (5,225) (507)
Cash flow hedges, net of tax (364) 10,366 
Net investment hedge (8) 12,444  917 
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax of $0.5 million in 2021 and $0.6 million in 2020
(29,224) (53,275)
Total other comprehensive loss (17,144) (41,992)
Comprehensive income $ 233,130  $ 87,601 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
6


QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(in thousands)

Common Shares Additional Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Treasury Shares Total Equity
(unaudited) Note Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance at March 31, 2021 230,829  $ 2,702  $ 1,789,805  $ 1,430,528  $ (266,245) (2,422) $ (107,014) $ 2,849,776 
Net income       121,051        121,051 
Unrealized loss, net on hedging contracts (8)         (5,033)     (5,033)
Realized loss, net on hedging contracts (8)         2,146      2,146 
Translation adjustment, net (12)         8,166      8,166 
Issuance of common shares in connection with stock plan       (14,094)   394  14,297  203 
Tax withholding related to vesting of stock awards (16)           (163) (8,046) (8,046)
Share-based compensation (16)     9,609          9,609 
Balance at June 30, 2021
230,829  $ 2,702  $ 1,799,414  $ 1,537,485  $ (260,966) (2,191) $ (100,763) $ 2,977,872 
Balance at March 31, 2020 230,829  $ 2,702  $ 1,785,696  $ 1,187,644  $ (387,529) (2,666) $ (96,898) $ 2,491,615 
Net income     —  89,764    —  —  89,764 
Unrealized loss, net on hedging contracts (8)     —    (10,043) —  —  (10,043)
Realized loss, net on hedging contracts (8)     —    3,411  —  —  3,411 
Translation adjustment, net (12)     —    42,550  —  —  42,550 
Issuance of common shares in connection with stock plan     —  (15,331) —  472  17,600  2,269 
Tax withholding related to vesting of stock awards (16)     —  —  —  (149) (6,540) (6,540)
Share-based compensation (16) —  —  7,825  —  —  —  —  7,825 
Balance at June 30, 2020
230,829  $ 2,702  $ 1,793,521  $ 1,262,077  $ (351,611) (2,343) $ (85,838) $ 2,620,851 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

7


QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(in thousands)

Common Shares Additional Paid-In Capital Retained
Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Treasury Shares Total
Equity
(unaudited) Note Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance at December 31, 2020 230,829  $ 2,702  $ 1,834,169  $ 1,323,091  $ (243,822) (2,844) $ (118,301) $ 2,797,839 
ASU 2020-06 impact of change in accounting policy (2)     (54,052) 263        (53,789)
Net income       250,274        250,274 
Unrealized gain, net on hedging contracts (8)         17,305      17,305 
Realized gain, net on hedging contracts (8)         (5,225)     (5,225)
Translation adjustment, net (12)         (29,224)     (29,224)
Issuance of common shares in connection with stock plan       (36,143)   1,074  38,856  2,713 
Tax withholding related to vesting of stock awards (16)           (421) (21,318) (21,318)
Share-based compensation (16)     19,297          19,297 
Balance at June 30, 2021
230,829  $ 2,702  $ 1,799,414  $ 1,537,485  $ (260,966) (2,191) $ (100,763) $ 2,977,872 
Balance at December 31, 2019 230,829  $ 2,702  $ 1,777,017  $ 1,178,457  $ (309,619) (3,077) $ (111,966) $ 2,536,591 
ASC 326 impact of change in accounting policy       (15,074)   —  —  (15,074)
Net income       129,593    —  —  129,593 
Unrealized gain, net on hedging contracts (8)     —  —  11,790  —  —  11,790 
Realized gain, net on hedging contracts (8)     —  —  (507) —  —  (507)
Translation adjustment, net (12)     —  —  (53,275) —  —  (53,275)
Issuance of common shares in connection with stock plan     —  (30,899) —  1,036  38,280  7,381 
Tax withholding related to vesting of stock awards (16)     —  —  —  (302) (12,152) (12,152)
Share-based compensation (16)     16,504  —  —  —  —  16,504 
Balance at June 30, 2020
230,829  $ 2,702  $ 1,793,521  $ 1,262,077  $ (351,611) (2,343) $ (85,838) $ 2,620,851 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
8




QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Six months ended
June 30,
Note 
2021 2020
Cash flows from operating activities: (unaudited)
Net income $ 250,274  $ 129,593 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities, net of effects of businesses acquired:
Depreciation and amortization 110,669  97,016 
Non-cash impairments (4)   1,034 
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs (7) 15,986  20,099 
Share-based compensation expense (16) 19,297  16,504 
Deferred income tax benefit (30,993) (6,592)
(Gain) loss on marketable securities (5) (2,090) 167 
(Gain) loss on sale of investment (442) 2,250 
Other items, net including fair value changes in derivatives 7,445  2,586 
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable 4,081  (8,479)
Inventories (68,864) (48,126)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 1,848  (34,388)
Other long-term assets 186  897 
Accounts payable (11,249) (1,197)
Accrued and other current liabilities (64,432) (63,828)
Income taxes 49,413  38,333 
Other long-term liabilities 3,897  4,726 
Net cash provided by operating activities 285,026  150,595 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (90,001) (50,179)
Purchases of intangible assets (6) (11,253) (99,697)
(Purchases of) proceeds from investments, net (5) (1,645) 229 
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired   (133)
Purchases of short-term investments (136,683) (24,877)
Proceeds from sales of short-term investments (5) 117,967  98,229 
Cash received for collateral asset (8) 42,890  2,683 
Other investing activities 43  6,855 
Net cash used in investing activities (78,682) (66,890)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of intrinsic value of cash convertible notes (7)   (11,125)
Repayment of long-term debt (7) (41,345) (23,000)
Proceeds from issuance of common shares 2,714  7,380 
Tax withholding related to vesting of stock awards (16) (13,291) (6,441)
Cash received for collateral liability (8) 10,100  20,169 
Other financing activities (1,656) (3,381)
Net cash used in financing activities (43,478) (16,398)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (1,803) (4,491)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 161,063  62,816 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 597,984  629,390 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period $ 759,047  $ 692,206 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
9




QIAGEN N.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
1.Corporate Information
QIAGEN N.V. is a public limited liability company ('naamloze vennootschap') under Dutch law with registered office at Hulsterweg 82, 5912 PL Venlo, The Netherlands. QIAGEN N.V., a Netherlands holding company, and subsidiaries (we, our or the Company) is a leading global provider of Sample to Insight solutions that enable customers to gain valuable molecular insights from samples containing the building blocks of life. Our sample technologies isolate and process DNA, RNA and proteins from blood, tissue and other materials. Assay technologies make these biomolecules visible and ready for analysis. Bioinformatics software and knowledge bases interpret data to report relevant, actionable insights. Automation solutions tie these together in seamless and cost-effective workflows. We provide solutions to more than 500,000 customers around the world in Molecular Diagnostics (human healthcare) and Life Sciences (academia, pharma R&D and industrial applications, primarily forensics). As of June 30, 2021, we had more than 5,900 employees in over 35 locations worldwide.
2.Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies     
Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of QIAGEN N.V. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. All amounts are presented in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise indicated. Investments in either common stock or in-substance common stock of companies where we exercise significant influence over the operations but do not have control, and where we are not the primary beneficiary, are accounted for using the equity method. All other investments are accounted for at our initial cost, minus any impairment, plus or minus changes from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and generally in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been included.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosure of contingencies at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. While the changing conditions around the COVID-19 pandemic presents additional uncertainty, we continue to use the best information available to form our estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
We undertake business combinations to complement our own internal product development activities. In 2020, we completed the acquisition of the remaining shares of NeuMoDx Molecular, Inc. ("NeuMoDx"), a privately-held U.S. company that designs and develops molecular diagnostics solutions for hospital and clinical reference laboratories. Accordingly, at the acquisition date, all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their respective fair values and our consolidated results of operations include the operating results from the acquired company from the acquisition date.
We operate as one operating segment in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 280, Segment Reporting. We have a common basis of organization and our products and services are offered globally. Our chief operating decision maker (CODM) makes decisions based on the Company as a whole. Accordingly, we operate and make decisions as one reporting unit.
The results of operations for an interim period are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2020. Certain reclassifications to prior year balances have been made to conform to the current year presentation.
10


Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared based on the same accounting policies as those applied and described in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2020, other than as described below for the adoption of new accounting standards as of January 1, 2021.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
The following new FASB Accounting Standards Updates (ASU) were adopted in 2021:
ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, removes certain exceptions for recognizing deferred taxes for investments, performing intraperiod tax allocations and calculating income taxes in interim periods. The ASU also adds guidance to reduce complexity in certain areas, including recognizing deferred taxes for tax goodwill and allocating income taxes to members of a consolidated group. ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2021, with earlier adoption permitted. We adopted the ASU on the effective date of January 1, 2021 and the adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements on the date of adoption. Ultimately, the impact in future periods will be dependent on the extent to which events or conditions would be affected such as enacted changes in tax laws or rates.
ASU 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, reduces the number of accounting models for convertible instruments. The ASU also amends diluted earnings per share (EPS) calculations for convertible instruments, which will result in more dilutive EPS results. The ASU also amends the requirements for a contract (or embedded derivative) that is potentially settled in an entity’s own shares to be classified in equity. ASU 2020-06 is effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2022, with earlier adoption on January 1, 2021 permitted. We adopted ASU 2020-06 early on January 1, 2021 and this resulted in a decrease of $54.1 million to additional paid in capital and an increase of $0.3 million to retained earnings for the conversion feature to the liability for our 2027 Convertible Notes further discussed in Note 7 "Debt".
New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
The following new FASB Accounting Standards Updates, which are not yet adopted, have effective dates through December 31, 2022:
ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, provides companies with optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden associated with transitioning away from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. Companies can apply the ASU immediately. However, the guidance will only be available for a limited time, generally through December 31, 2022. We are evaluating the potential impact that ASU 2020-04 may have on our consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2021-04, Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options, clarifies and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (for example, warrants) that remain equity classified after modification or exchange. The amendments affect all entities that issue freestanding written call options that are classified in equity. Specifically, the amendments affect those entities when a freestanding equity-classified written call option is modified or exchanged and remains equity classified after the modification or exchange. The amendments that relate to the recognition and measurement of EPS for certain modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options affect entities that present EPS in accordance with the guidance in Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity should apply the amendments prospectively to modifications or exchanges occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity elects to early adopt the amendments in an interim period, the guidance should be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. We are evaluating the potential impact that ASU 2021-04 may have on our consolidated financial statements.
3.Acquisitions
Business Combinations and Asset Acquisitions
For acquisitions which have been accounted for as business combinations, the acquired companies’ results have been included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income from their respective dates of acquisition. Our acquisitions have historically been made at prices above the fair value of the acquired net assets, resulting in goodwill, due to expectations of synergies of combining the businesses. These synergies include use of our existing infrastructure, such as sales force, shared service centers, distribution channels and customer relations, to expand sales of an acquired business' products; use of the infrastructure of the acquired businesses to cost-effectively expand sales of our products; and elimination of duplicative facilities, functions and staffing.
If the acquired net assets do not constitute a business under the acquisition method of accounting, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition and no goodwill is recognized. In an asset acquisition, the amount allocated to acquired in-process research and development with no alternative future use is charged to expense at the acquisition date.
11


2020 Business Combination
In September 2020, we completed the acquisition of the remaining 80.1% of shares of NeuMoDx Molecular, Inc. ("NeuMoDx"), a privately-held U.S. company in which we held a minority interest. NeuMoDx designs and develops molecular diagnostics solutions for hospital and clinical reference laboratories. Prior to acquisition, we held a 19.9% investment in NeuMoDx with a carrying value of $41.0 million. The cash consideration, net of cash acquired, totaled $239.4 million for the remaining shares. Of this amount, $5.8 million was retained in an escrow account as of June 30, 2021 which is expected to be fully utilized to cover claims for breach of any representations, warranties or indemnities. We incurred $2.5 million acquisition related costs to effect the business combination, of which $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, were incurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and are included in restructuring, acquisition, integration and other, net.
The acquisition date fair value of the minority interest investment was $52.7 million and a gain of $11.7 million was recorded in restructuring, acquisition, integration and other, net in the consolidated statement of income for the period ending September 30, 2020. The fair value of the minority interest investment was determined using an implied purchase price reduced by a 20% control premium.
The allocation of the purchase price is preliminary and not yet finalized. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price is based upon preliminary estimates which used information that was available to management at the time the consolidated financial statements were prepared and these estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period, up to one year from the acquisition date. Accordingly, the allocation may change. We continue to gather information about the acquired asset, liability and tax balances.
The preliminary purchase price allocation for NeuMoDx as of June 30, 2021 and the difference from September 30, 2020 is as follows:
(in thousands) As of June 30, 2021 As of September 30, 2020 Difference
Purchase Price:
Cash consideration $ 251,730  $ 251,730  $ — 
Fair value of minority interest 52,727  52,727  — 
$ 304,457  $ 304,457  $  
Preliminary Allocation:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 12,291  $ 12,291  $ — 
Accounts receivable 5,691  5,691  — 
Inventories 20,271  18,866  1,405 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 5,961  5,943  18 
Accounts payable (12,450) (11,168) (1,282)
Accruals and other current liabilities (19,085) (18,770) (315)
Other long-term liabilities (4,101) (4,101) — 
Fixed and other long-term assets 7,076  6,698  378 
Developed technology 101,000  119,100  (18,100)
In-process research and development 55,000  64,800  (9,800)
Patents and license rights 770  770  — 
Customer backlog 400  900  (500)
Goodwill 149,658  149,877  (219)
Deferred tax asset 21,242  —  21,242 
Deferred tax liability on fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired (39,267) (46,440) 7,173 
Total $ 304,457  $ 304,457  $  
The in-process research and development recognized relates to technologies that remain in development and have not yet obtained regulatory approvals. The technologies within in-process research and development are expected to be completed within the next three years. The weighted average amortization period for the acquired intangibles is 10 years. The goodwill acquired is not deductible for tax purposes.
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Pro forma results
The following unaudited pro forma information assumes that the above acquisition occurred at the beginning of the periods presented. For the three-month period ended June 30, 2020, pro forma net sales would have been $460.4 million, pro forma net income would have been $89.9 million and pro forma diluted net income per common share would have been $0.38. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2020, pro forma net sales would have been $834.2 million, pro forma net income would have been $122.5 million and pro forma diluted net income per common share would have been $0.53. These unaudited pro forma results are intended for informational purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had the acquisition been in effect at the beginning of the periods presented, or of future results of the combined operations.
4.Restructuring and Impairments
As part of our restructuring activities, we incur expenses that qualify as exit and disposal costs under U.S. GAAP including severance and employee costs as well as contract and other costs, primarily contract termination costs, as well as inventory write-offs and other implementation costs primarily related to consulting fees. Personnel related costs primarily relate to cash severance and other termination benefits including accelerated share-based compensation. We also incur expenses that are an integral component of, and are directly attributable to, our restructuring activities which do not qualify as exit and disposal costs under U.S. GAAP, which consist of asset-related costs such as intangible asset impairments and other asset related write-offs.
Personnel costs are primarily determined based on established benefit arrangements, local statutory requirements, or historical benefit practices. We recognize these benefits when payment is probable and estimable. Other benefits which require future service and are associated to non-recurring benefits are recognized ratably over the future service period. Other assets, including inventory, are impaired or written-off if the carrying value exceeds the fair value. All other costs are recognized as incurred.
2019 Restructuring
In the second half of 2019, we decided to suspend development of NGS-related instrument systems and entered into a new strategic partnership with Illumina to commercialize IVD kits worldwide on Illumina's diagnostic sequencers. In order to align our business with this new strategy, we began restructuring initiatives to target resource allocation to growth opportunities in our Sample to Insight portfolio.
During 2020, certain of the planned measures were delayed during the acquisition attempt by Thermo Fisher or changed as a result of business needs during the pandemic. The following is a summary of the charges related to the 2019 restructuring program recorded in the consolidated statements of income during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and cumulatively through June 30, 2021.
 Classification and Type of Charge (in thousands)
Six months ended June 30, 2021
Total program charges through June 30, 2021
Restructuring, acquisition, integration and other, net
   Personnel related $ 920  $ 72,402 
   Contract and other costs 2,099  56,183 
   Accounts receivable (246) 9,957 
   Inventories   13,350 
   Prepaid expenses and other current assets   17,139 
2,773  169,031 
Long-lived asset impairments
   Property, plant and equipment   99,506 
   Intangible assets   40,301 
  139,807 
Other expense, net
   Equity method investment impairment   4,799 
Total $ 2,773  $ 313,637 
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Of the total costs incurred, $6.3 million and $11.2 million were accrued as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, in accrued and other current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as summarized in the following table that includes the cash components of the restructuring activity.
(in thousands) Personnel Related Contract and Other Costs Total
Liability at December 31, 2020
$ 4,687  $ 6,479  $ 11,166 
Additional costs incurred in 2021 1,661  7,323  8,984 
Release of accrual (741) (5,224) (5,965)
Payments (3,940) (3,726) (7,666)
Foreign currency translation adjustment (123) (67) (190)
Liability at June 30, 2021
$ 1,544  $ 4,785  $ 6,329 
Future pre-tax costs up to $1 million are expected to be incurred primarily related to personnel and consulting in the remainder of 2021.
5.Investments
The following discusses our marketable investments, non-marketable investments and the realized and unrealized gains and losses on these investments.
Marketable Equity Securities
We hold investments in marketable equity securities that have readily determinable fair values. These investments are reported at fair value with gains and losses recorded in earnings.
As of June 30, 2021, our investments in marketable equity securities totaled $2.5 million, of which $2.2 million are included in short-term investments and $0.3 million are included in other long-term assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet, as follows:
Short-Term Long-Term
(in thousands, except shares held) OncoCyte
Corporation
(OncoCyte)
Oncimmune Holdings plc
(Oncimmune)
HTG Molecular Diagnostics, Inc
(HTGM)
Shares held 118,253  610,134  55,556 
Cost basis $ 377  $ 828  $ 2,000 
Fair value $ 679  $ 1,527  $ 323 
Total cumulative unrealized gain (loss) $ 302  $ 699  $ (1,677)
In the second quarter of 2021, we received additional shares in Oncimmune and in July 2021, we sold the balance of 610,134 Oncimmune shares for $1.4 million and recognized a loss of $0.1 million on the sale.
In the first quarter of 2021, we sold 2.8 million shares in Invitae Corporation ("Invitae") that were received as part of the consideration for the 2020 sale of our ArcherDX shares. As a result, we received $117.9 million in cash and recognized a $2.1 million gain in other income, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of income for the six months ended June 30, 2021 for the change in fair market value from December 31, 2020 through date of sale. In July 2021 upon achievement of certain milestones, we received 1.1 million additional shares in Invitae valued at approximately $35 million. We are entitled to up to 0.6 million Invitae shares in the future upon achievement of certain milestones.
Also during the first quarter of 2021, we received 30,152 shares in OncoCyte with a fair value of $0.1 million on the date of receipt as further consideration from the 2020 sale of a non-marketable investment not accounted for under the equity method. As of June 30, 2021, we are entitled to up to approximately $3.0 million in the future upon achievement of certain milestones.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, total losses and gains recognized for the change in fair market value of all marketable equity securities resulted in a loss of $0.02 million and a gain of $0.5 million, respectively, recognized in other income (expense), net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.
As of December 31, 2020, these marketable securities are included in short-term investment and other long-term assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as follows:
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Short-Term Long-Term
(in thousands, except shares held) Invitae OncoCyte Oncimmune HTGM
Shares held 2,769,189  88,101  560,416  55,556 
Cost basis $ 100,822  $ 230  $ 657  $ 2,000 
Fair value $ 115,780  $ 211  $ 1,258  $ 266 
Total cumulative unrealized gain (loss) $ 14,958  $ (19) $ 601  $ (1,734)
In 2020, HTGM completed a 15:1 reverse stock split.
In the first quarter of 2020, as part of consideration received upon the sale of a non-marketable investment not accounted for under the equity method, we received 88,101 shares in OncoCyte. On the date of receipt, these shares had a fair value of $0.2 million.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, gains recognized for the change in fair market value of all marketable equity securities totaled $0.8 million and $0.5 million, respectively, recognized in other income (expense), net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.
Non-Marketable Investments
We have made strategic investments in certain privately-held companies without readily determinable market values.
Non-Marketable Investments Accounted for Under the Equity Method
As of June 30, 2021, we had total non-marketable investments that were accounted for as equity method investments of $16.9 million, of which $17.4 million is included in other long-term assets and $0.5 million, where we are committed to fund losses, is included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2020, these investments totaled $11.0 million, of which $11.5 million is included in other long-term assets and $0.5 million is included in other long-term liabilities.
During the six months ended June 30, 2021, we made additional investments of $1.6 million in non-marketable investments accounted for under the equity method.
Three of our equity method investments are variable interest entities and we are not considered the primary beneficiary as we do not hold the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these entities and therefore, these investments are not consolidated. As of June 30, 2021, these investments had a total carrying value representing our maximum exposure to loss which totaled $4.4 million, of which $4.9 million is included in other long-term assets and $0.5 million is included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2020, these investments totaled $3.0 million, of which $3.5 million is included on other long-term assets and $0.5 million is included in other long-term liabilities.
Non-Marketable Investments Not Accounted for Under the Equity Method
At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had investments in non-publicly traded companies that do not have readily determinable fair values with carrying amounts that totaled $4.1 million which are included in other long-term assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. These investments are measured at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. Changes resulting from impairment and observable price changes are recognized in the statements of income during the period the change is identified.
The changes in non-marketable investments not accounted for under the equity method during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
(in thousands) 2021 2020
Balance at beginning of year $ 4,142  $ 70,849 
Cash investments in equity securities, net 117  200 
Sale of equity securities   (250)
Loss on sale of equity securities   (2,250)
Foreign currency translation adjustments (112) (15)
Balance at end of period $ 4,147  $ 68,534 
We made additional investments of $0.1 million in non-marketable investments not accounted for under the equity method during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
In the above table, the six months ended June 30, 2020 includes the value of our investments in NeuMoDx which we later fully acquired in September 2020 as discussed in Note 3 "Acquisitions" and ArcherDX which we sold in October 2020. During the first quarter of 2020, we sold an investment in equity securities with a carrying amount of $2.5 million in exchange for $0.3 million
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including the shares in OncoCyte, as discussed above. A corresponding loss of $2.3 million was recognized in other income (expense), net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of income for the six months ended June 30, 2020. Also, we made additional investments of $0.2 million in non-marketable investments not accounted for under the equity method during the six months ended June 30, 2020.
6.Intangible Assets
The following sets forth the intangible assets by major asset class as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
(in thousands) 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization 
Gross
Carrying
Amount 
Accumulated
Amortization 
Amortized Intangible Assets:
Patent and license rights $ 292,352  $ (201,384) $ 298,395  $ (197,038)
Developed technology 807,857  (363,054) 860,129  (378,705)
Customer base, non-compete agreements and trademarks 300,209  (230,988) 314,876  (233,981)
$ 1,400,418  $ (795,426) $ 1,473,400  $ (809,724)
Unamortized Intangible Assets:
In-process research and development $ 62,281  $ 62,518 
Goodwill 2,332,697  2,364,031 
$ 2,394,978  $ 2,426,549 
The in-process research and development as of June 30, 2021 is associated to the acquisitions of NeuMoDx in 2020 and STAT-Dx in 2018. The estimated fair value of acquired in-process research and development projects which have not reached technological feasibility at the date of acquisition are capitalized and subsequently tested for impairment through completion of the development process, at which point the capitalized amounts are amortized over their estimated useful life. If a project is abandoned rather than completed, all capitalized amounts are written-off immediately.
The changes in intangible assets in 2021 are summarized as follows:
(in thousands) Intangibles Goodwill
Balance at December 31, 2020
$ 726,194  $ 2,364,031 
Purchase adjustments   (7,969)
Additions 6,980   
Amortization (55,566)  
Disposals (4,571)  
Foreign currency translation adjustments (5,764) (23,365)
Balance at June 30, 2021
$ 667,273  $ 2,332,697 
Cash paid for purchases of intangible assets during the six months ended June 30, 2021 totaled $11.3 million, of which $4.5 million is related to current year payments for assets that were accrued as of December 31, 2020 and $0.1 million is related to prepayments recorded in other long-term assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Intangible additions of $7.0 million includes $6.7 million of cash paid during the year and $0.3 million of additions which were previously recorded as prepayments.
The decrease in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2021 resulted from changes in foreign currency translation as well as purchase adjustments.
For the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, amortization expense on intangible assets totaled approximately $27.8 million and $55.6 million, and $24.0 million and $48.3 million, respectively. Amortization of intangibles for the next five years
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is expected to be approximately:
Year 
Annual
Amortization
(in millions)
2022 $ 90.9 
2023 $ 88.5 
2024 $ 84.7 
2025 $ 72.5 
2026 $ 64.4 
7.Debt
At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, total current long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs consists of the following:
(in thousands) June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
0.875% Senior Unsecured Cash Convertible Notes due 2021
$   $ 200 
0.500% Senior Unsecured Cash Convertible Notes due 2023
368,158  361,304 
1.000% Senior Unsecured Cash Convertible Notes due 2024
437,899  429,496 
0.000% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes due 2027
496,537  442,481 
3.75% Series B Senior Notes due October 16, 2022
303,410  304,761 
3.90% Series C Senior Notes due October 16, 2024
26,962  26,956 
German Private Placement (Schuldschein) 306,747  357,551 
Total long-term debt $ 1,939,713  $ 1,922,749 
Less: current portion   42,539 
Long-term portion $ 1,939,713  $ 1,880,210 
In the first half of 2021, we repaid $41.1 million for two tranches of the German Private Placement bond (Schuldschein) that matured and the remaining $0.2 million of 2021 Notes was repaid at the original maturity on March 19, 2021.
The notes are all unsecured obligations that rank pari passu.
The principal amount, carrying amount and fair values of long-term debt instruments are summarized below:
As of June 30, 2021
Principal Amount Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs Carrying Amount Fair Value
(in thousands) Amount Leveling
Cash Convertible Notes due 2023 $ 400,000  $ (31,842) $ 368,158  $ 495,352  Level 1
Cash Convertible Notes due 2024 500,000  (62,101) 437,899  594,075  Level 1
Convertible Notes due 2027 500,000  (3,463) 496,537  484,285  Level 1
U.S. Private Placement (1)
330,615 

(243) 330,372  334,733  Level 2
German Private Placement 307,042  (295) 306,747  309,974  Level 2
$ 2,037,657  $ (97,944) $ 1,939,713  $ 2,218,419 
________________
(1) The principal amount of the U.S Private Placement includes the $3.6 million impact of the interest rate swaps which qualify for hedge accounting as fair value hedges which are further discussed in Note 8 "Derivatives and Hedging".
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Interest expense related to the convertible notes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was comprised of the following:
Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
(in thousands) 
2021 2020 2021 2020
Coupon interest $ 1,750  $ 2,342  $ 3,500  $ 4,741 
Amortization of original issuance discount 7,176  9,450  14,272  18,322 
Amortization of debt issuance costs 628  730  1,252  1,407 
Total interest expense related to the convertible notes $ 9,554  $ 12,522  $ 19,024  $ 24,470 
Convertible Notes due 2027
On December 17, 2020, we issued zero coupon convertible notes in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million with a maturity date of December 17, 2027 (2027 Notes). The 2027 Notes carry no coupon interest. The net proceeds of the 2027 Notes totaled $497.6 million, after debt issuance costs of $3.7 million, of which $0.3 million was accrued as of June 30, 2021. The debt issuance costs are amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2027 Notes.
In accounting for the issuance of the 2027 Notes in 2020 prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, we separated the 2027 Notes into liability and equity components. We allocated $445.9 million of the 2027 Notes to the liability component, representing the fair value of a similar debt instrument that does not have an associated convertible feature; and $54.1 million to the equity component, representing the conversion option, which does not meet the criteria for separate accounting as a derivative as it is indexed to our own stock. ASU 2020-06 was adopted on January 1, 2021 as discussed in Note 2 "Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies".
The effective interest rate of the 2027 Notes is 1.65%, which is imputed based on the amortization of the fair value of the embedded conversion option over the remaining term of the 2027 Note.
The 2027 Notes are convertible into common shares based on an initial conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 2,477.65 shares per $200,000 principal amount of notes (which represents an initial conversion price of $80.7218 per share, or 6.2 million underlying shares). At conversion, we will settle the 2027 Notes by repaying the principal portion in cash and any excess of the conversion value over the principal amount in shares of common stock.
The notes may be redeemed at the option of each noteholder at their principal amount on December 17, 2025 or in connection with a change of control or delisting event.
The 2027 Notes are convertible in whole, but not in part, at the option of the noteholders on a net share settlement basis, at the prevailing conversion price in the following circumstances beginning after January 27, 2021 through June 16, 2027:
if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20-consecutive trading days during a period of 30-consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; or
if we undergo certain fundamental changes, including a change of control, as defined in the agreement; or
if parity event or trading price unavailability event, as the case maybe occurs during the period of 10 days, including the first business day following the relevant trading price notification date; or
if we distribute assets or property to all or substantially all of the holders of our common stock and those assets or other property have a value of more than 25% of the average daily volume-weighted average trading price of our common stock for the prior 20 consecutive trading days; or
in case of early redemption in respect of the outstanding notes at our option, where the conversion date falls in the period from (and including) the date on which the call notice is published to (and including) the 45th business day prior to the redemption date; or
if we experience certain customary events of default, including defaults under certain other indebtedness, until such event of default has been cured or waived.
The noteholders may convert their notes at any time, without condition, on or after June 17, 2027 until the 45th business day prior to December 17, 2027.
No Contingent Conversion Conditions were triggered for the 2027 Notes as of June 30, 2021.
Cash Convertible Notes due 2021, 2023 and 2024
On September 13, 2017, we issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of Cash Convertible Senior Notes which is due in 2023 (2023 Notes). The net proceeds of the 2023 Notes were $365.6 million, after payment of transaction costs and the net cost of the Call Spread Overlay described below.
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On November 13, 2018, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of Cash Convertible Senior Notes which is due in 2024 (2024 Notes). The net proceeds of the 2024 Notes were $468.9 million, after payment of transaction costs and the net cost of the Call Spread Overlay described below.
On March 19, 2014, we issued Cash Convertible Senior Notes in two tranches including $300.0 million due in 2021 (2021 Notes). In 2019, $3.4 million was converted during the contingent conversion period. In 2020, a total of $296.4 million of the 2021 Notes was repaid and the remaining $0.2 million of 2021 Notes was repaid at the original maturity on March 19, 2021.
We refer to the 2021 Notes, 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes, collectively as the “Cash Convertible Notes.”
Interest on the Cash Convertible Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears and will mature on the maturity date unless repurchased or converted with their terms prior to such date. The interest rate and corresponding maturity of each Note are summarized in the table below. The Cash Convertible Notes are solely convertible into cash in whole, but not in part, at the option of noteholders under the circumstances described below and during the contingent conversion periods as shown in the table below.
Cash Convertible Notes Annual Interest Rate Date of Interest Payments Maturity Date Contingent Conversion Period Conversion Rate per $200,000 Principal Amount
2021 Notes 0.875% March 19 and September 19 March 19, 2021 April 29, 2014 to September 18, 2020 7,063.1647
2023 Notes 0.500% March 13 and September 13 September 13, 2023 October 24, 2017 to March 13, 2023 4,829.7279
2024 Notes 1.000% May 13 and November 13 November 13, 2024 December 24, 2018 to August 2, 2024 4,360.3098
Additionally, conversion may occur at any time following a Contingent Conversion Period through the fifth business day immediately preceding the applicable maturity date.
Upon conversion, noteholders will receive an amount in cash equal to the Cash Settlement Amount, calculated as described below. The Cash Convertible Notes are not convertible into shares of our common stock or any other securities.
Noteholders may convert the Cash Convertible Notes into cash at their option at any time during the Contingent Conversion Periods described above only under the following circumstances (Contingent Conversion Conditions):
if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20-consecutive trading days during a period of 30-consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;
if we undergo certain fundamental changes, including a change of control, as defined in the agreement;
if parity event or trading price unavailability event, as the case may be occurs for the 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes during the period of 10 days, including the first business day following the relevant trading price notification date.
if we elect to distribute assets or property to all or substantially all the holders of our common stock and those assets or other property have a value of more than 25% of the average daily volume-weighted average trading price of our common stock for the prior 20-consecutive trading days;
if we elect to redeem the Cash Convertible Notes; or
if we experience certain customary events of default, including defaults under certain other indebtedness until such event has been cured or waived or the payment of the Notes have been accelerated.
The Contingent Conversion Conditions in the 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes noted above have been analyzed under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and, based on our analysis, we determined that each of the embedded features listed above are clearly and closely related to the 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes (i.e., the host contracts). As a result, pursuant to the accounting provisions of ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, these features noted above are not required to be bifurcated as separate instruments.
No Contingent Conversion Conditions were triggered for the 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes as of June 30, 2021.
Upon conversion, holders are entitled to a cash payment (Cash Settlement Amount) equal to the average of the conversion rate multiplied by the daily volume-weighted average trading price for our common stock over a 50-day period. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment in certain instances but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, following the occurrence of certain corporate events that may occur prior to the applicable maturity date, we may be required to pay a cash make-whole premium by increasing the conversion rate for any holder who elects to convert Cash Convertible Notes in connection with the occurrence of such a corporate event.
We may redeem the Cash Convertible Notes in their entirety at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the applicable Cash Convertible Notes plus accrued interest at any time when 20% or less of the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Cash Convertible Notes originally issued remain outstanding.
Because the Cash Convertible Notes contain an embedded cash conversion option, we have determined that the embedded cash conversion option is a derivative financial instrument, which is required to be separated from the Cash Convertible Notes and
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accounted for separately as a derivative liability, with changes in fair value reported in our condensed consolidated statements of income until the cash conversion option transaction settles or expires. The initial fair value liability of the embedded cash conversion options for the 2021 Notes was $54.0 million, $74.5 million for the 2023 Notes, and $98.5 million for the 2024 Notes, which simultaneously reduced the carrying value of the Cash Convertible Notes (effectively an original issuance discount). For further discussion of the derivative financial instruments relating to the Cash Convertible Notes, refer to Note 8 "Derivatives and Hedging".
As noted above, the reduced carrying value on the Cash Convertible Notes resulted in a debt discount that is amortized to the principal amount through the recognition of non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method over the expected life of the debt, seven years for the 2021 Notes, and six years for the 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes. This resulted in our recognition of interest expense on the Cash Convertible Notes at an effective rate approximating what we would have incurred had nonconvertible debt with otherwise similar terms been issued. The effective interest rate of the 2021 Notes, 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes is 3.809%, 3.997% and 4.782%, respectively, which is imputed based on the amortization of the fair value of the embedded cash conversion option over the remaining term of the Cash Convertible Notes.
In connection with the issuance of the May 2014 Cash Convertible Senior Notes in two tranches, which included the 2021 Notes, we incurred approximately $13.1 million in transaction costs. We incurred approximately $6.2 million and $5.7 million in transaction costs for the 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes, respectively. Such costs have been allocated to the Cash Convertible Notes and deferred and are being amortized to interest expense over the terms of the Cash Convertible Notes using the effective interest method.
Cash Convertible Notes Call Spread Overlay
Concurrent with the issuance of the Cash Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated hedge transactions (Call Options) with, and issued warrants to purchase shares of our common stock (Warrants) to, certain financial institutions. We refer to the Call Options and Warrants collectively as the “Call Spread Overlay.” The Call Options are intended to offset any cash payments payable by us in excess of the principal amount due upon any conversion of the Cash Convertible Notes. The Call Options are derivative financial instruments and are discussed further in Note 8 "Derivatives and Hedging." The Warrants are equity instruments and are further discussed in Note 12 "Equity."
Aside from the initial payment of a premium, we will not be required to make any cash payments under the Call Options, and will be entitled to receive an amount of cash, generally equal to the amount by which the market price per share of our common stock exceeds the exercise price of the Call Options during the relevant valuation period. The exercise price under the Call Options is initially equal to the conversion price of the Cash Convertible Notes.
The Warrants that were issued with our Cash Convertible Notes, could have a dilutive effect to the extent that the price of our common stock exceeds the applicable strike price of the Warrants. For each Warrant that is exercised, we will deliver to the holder a number of shares of our common stock equal to the amount by which the settlement price exceeds the exercise price, plus cash in lieu of any fractional shares. We will not receive any proceeds if the Warrants are exercised.
U.S. Private Placement
In October 2012, we completed a private placement through the issuance of new senior unsecured notes at a total amount of $400.0 million with a weighted average interest rate of 3.66% (settled on October 16, 2012). The notes were issued in three series: (1) $73.0 million 7-year term due and paid in 2019 (3.19%); (2) $300.0 million 10-year term due in October 16, 2022 (3.75%); and (3) $27.0 million 12-year term due in October 16, 2024 (3.90%). We paid $2.1 million in debt issuance costs which will be amortized through interest expense using the effective interest method over the lifetime of the notes. The note purchase agreement contains certain financial and non-financial covenants, including but not limited to, restrictions on priority indebtedness and the maintenance of certain financial ratios. We were in compliance with these covenants at June 30, 2021. During 2014, we entered into interest rate swaps, which effectively fixed the fair value of $200.0 million of this debt, which was reduced to $127.0 million following the 2019 $73.0 million repayment. These interest rate swaps qualify for hedge accounting as fair value hedges as described in Note 8 "Derivatives and Hedging".
German Private Placement (Schuldschein)
In 2017, we completed a German private placement bond ("Schuldschein") which was issued in several tranches totaling $331.1 million due in various periods through 2027. In the first quarter of 2021, we repaid $41.1 million for two tranches that matured. The Schuldschein consists of U.S. dollar and Euro denominated tranches. The Euro tranches are designated as a foreign currency non-derivative hedging instrument that qualifies as a net investment hedge as described in Note 8 "Derivatives and Hedging." Based on the spot rate method, the change in the carrying value of the Euro denominated tranches attributed to the net investment hedge as of June 30, 2021 totaled $14.4 million of unrealized loss and is recorded in equity. We paid $1.2 million in debt issuance costs which are being amortized through interest expense using the effective interest method over the lifetime of the notes.
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A summary of the tranches as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is as follows:
Carrying Value (in thousands) as of
Currency Notional Amount Interest Rate Maturity June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
EUR €11.5 million
Fixed 0.4%
March 2021 $   $ 14,115 
EUR €23.0 million Floating EURIBOR + 0.4% March 2021   28,224 
EUR €21.5 million
Fixed 0.68%
October 2022 25,535  26,361 
EUR €64.5 million Floating EURIBOR + 0.5% October 2022 76,605  79,083 
USD $45.0 million Floating LIBOR + 1.2% October 2022 44,962  44,948 
EUR €25.0 million
Floating EURIBOR + 0.5%
October 2022 29,682  30,642 
EUR €64.0 million
Fixed 1.09%
June 2024 75,966  78,429 
EUR €31.0 million Floating EURIBOR + 0.7% June 2024 36,796  37,989 
EUR €14.5 million
Fixed 1.61%
June 2027 17,201  17,760 
$ 306,747  $ 357,551 
The financial markets regulators in the United Kingdom and the Eurozone have passed regulations wherein non-dollar LIBORs and one-week and two-month USD LIBOR will end as of Dec 31, 2021, while the remaining USD LIBOR tenors will end as of June 30, 2023. Market participants and regulators are working on establishing new interest rate benchmarks. While the outcome of this work is not clear yet, the USD tranche of the Schuldschein and our interest rate swaps continue to make reference to the current LIBOR benchmark rate. These agreements contain language for the determination of interest rates in case the benchmark rate is not available. However, it appears likely that the agreements will need to be adjusted in line with still to be developed market practice once new benchmark rates become available.
Revolving Credit Facility
Our credit facilities available and undrawn at June 30, 2021 total €427.0 million (approximately $507.4 million). This includes a €400.0 million syndicated ESG-linked revolving credit facility expiring December 2023 and three other lines of credit amounting to €27.0 million with no expiration date. The €400.0 million facility can be utilized in Euro and bears interest of 0.550% to 1.500% above EURIBOR, and is offered with interest periods of one, three or six months. The commitment fee is calculated based on 35% of the applicable margin. The revolving facility agreement contains certain financial and non-financial covenants, including but not limited to, restrictions on the encumbrance of assets and the maintenance of certain financial ratios. We were in compliance with these covenants at June 30, 2021. The credit facilities are for general corporate purposes and no amounts were utilized at June 30, 2021.
8.Derivatives and Hedging
Objective and Strategy
In the ordinary course of business, we use derivative instruments, including swaps, forwards and/or options, to manage potential losses from foreign currency exposures and interest bearing assets or liabilities. The principal objective of such derivative instruments is to minimize the risks and/or costs associated with our global financial and operating activities. We do not utilize derivative or other financial instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. We recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet on a gross basis, measure those instruments at fair value and recognize the change in fair value in earnings in the period of change, unless the derivative qualifies as an effective hedge that offsets certain exposures. We have agreed with almost all of our counterparties with whom we had entered into cross-currency swaps, interest rate swaps or foreign exchange contracts, to enter into bilateral collateralization contracts under which we will receive or provide cash collateral, as the case may be, for the net position with each of these counterparties. As of June 30, 2021, cash collateral positions consisted of $10.7 million recorded in accrued and other current liabilities and $13.2 million recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2020, we had cash collateral positions consisting of $0.6 million recorded in accrued and other current liabilities and $56.1 million recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Non-Derivative Hedging Instrument
Net Investment Hedge
In 2017, we entered into a foreign currency non-derivative hedging instrument that is designated and qualifies as net investment hedge. The objective of the hedge is to protect part of the net investment in foreign operations against adverse changes in the exchange rate between the Euro and the functional currency of the U.S. dollar. The non-derivative hedging instrument is the German private corporate bond ("Schuldschein") which was issued in the total amount of $331.1 million as described in Note 7 "Debt." Of the $331.1 million, which is held in both U.S. dollars and Euros, €255.0 million was designated as the hedging instrument as of December 31, 2020 against a portion of our Euro net investments in our foreign operations. As further described in Note 7, two tranches of the
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Schuldschein matured and were paid during the first quarter of 2021 and as a result, €220.5 million remained designated as a hedging instrument as of June 30, 2021. The relative changes in both the hedged item and hedging instrument are calculated by applying the change in spot rate between two assessment dates against the respective notional amount. The effective portion of the hedge is recorded in the cumulative translation adjustment account within other accumulated comprehensive loss. Based on the spot rate method, the unrealized loss recorded in equity as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is $14.4 million and $26.9 million, respectively. Since we are using the debt as the hedging instrument, which is also remeasured based on the spot rate method, there is no hedge ineffectiveness related to the net investment hedge as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Cash Flow Hedges
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we held derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, where the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of other comprehensive loss and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings. To date, we have not recorded any hedge ineffectiveness related to any cash-flow hedges in earnings. Based on their valuation as of June 30, 2021, we expect approximately $3.2 million of derivative losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss will be reclassified into income during the next 12 months. The cash flows derived from derivatives are classified in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows in the same category as the consolidated balance sheets account of the underlying item.
We use interest rate derivative contracts to align our portfolio of interest bearing assets and liabilities with our risk management objectives. During 2015, we entered into five cross currency interest rate swaps through 2025 for a total notional amount of €180.0 million which qualify for hedge accounting as cash flow hedges. We determined that no ineffectiveness exists related to these swaps. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, interest receivables of $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively are recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Fair Value Hedges
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we held derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting as fair value hedges. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reflected in earnings. This effect on earnings is offset by the change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk being hedged that is also recorded in earnings. To date, there has been no ineffectiveness. The cash flows derived from derivatives are classified in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows in the same category as the condensed consolidated balance sheets account of the underlying item.
We hold interest rate swaps which effectively fix the fair value of a portion of our fixed rate private placement debt and qualify for hedge accounting as fair value hedges. We determined that no ineffectiveness exists related to these swaps. As of both June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, interest receivables of $0.6 million are recorded in prepaid and other current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Call Options
We entered into Call Options which, along with the sale of the Warrants, represent the Call Spread Overlay entered into in connection with the Cash Convertible Notes and which are more fully described in Note 7 "Debt." In these transactions, the Call Options are intended to address the equity price risk inherent in the cash conversion feature of each instrument by offsetting cash payments in excess of the principal amount due upon any conversion of the Cash Convertible Notes.
Aside from the initial payment of premiums for the Call Options, we will not be required to make any cash payments under the Call Options. We will, however, be entitled to receive under the terms of the Call Options, an amount of cash generally equal to the amount by which the market price per share of our common stock exceeds the exercise price of the Call Options during the relevant valuation period. The exercise price under the Call Options is equal to the conversion price of the Cash Convertible Notes.
The Call Options, for which our common stock is the underlying security, are derivative assets that requires mark-to-market accounting treatment due to the cash settlement features until the Call Options settle or expire. The Call Options are measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis, within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. For further discussion of the inputs used to determine the fair value of the Call Options, refer to Note 9 "Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements."
The Call Options do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Therefore, the change in fair value of these instruments is recognized immediately in our condensed consolidated statements of income in other income (expense), net. Because the terms of the Call Options are substantially similar to those of the Cash Convertible Notes' embedded cash conversion option, discussed below, we expect the effect on earnings from the two derivative instruments to mostly offset each other.
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Cash Convertible Notes Embedded Cash Conversion Option
The embedded cash conversion option within the Cash Convertible Notes discussed in Note 7 "Debt" is required to be separated from the Cash Convertible Notes and accounted for separately as a derivative liability, with changes in fair value reported in our condensed consolidated statements of income in other income (expense), net until the cash conversion option settles or expires. The embedded cash conversion option is measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis, within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. For further discussion of the inputs used to determine the fair value of the embedded cash conversion option, refer to Note 9 "Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements."
Foreign Exchange Contracts
As a globally active enterprise, we are subject to risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currencies in our ordinary operations. This includes foreign currency-denominated receivables, payables, debt, and other balance sheet positions including intercompany items. We manage balance sheet exposure on a group-wide basis using foreign exchange forward contracts, foreign exchange options and cross-currency swaps.
We are party to various foreign exchange forward, option and swap arrangements which had, at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, aggregate notional values of $1.1 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively, which expire at various dates through January 2022. The transactions have been entered into to offset the effects from short-term balance sheet exposure to foreign currency exchange risk. Changes in the fair value of these arrangements have been recognized in other income (expense), net.
Fair Values of Derivative Instruments
The following table summarizes the fair value amounts of derivative instruments as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The current assets are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and the current liabilities are included in accrued and other current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
As of June 30, 2021 As of December 31, 2020
(in thousands) Current
Asset
Long-Term Asset Current
Asset
Long-Term Asset
Assets:
Derivative instruments designated as hedges
Interest rate contracts - fair value hedge (1)
$   $ 3,615  $ —  $ 5,042 
Total derivative instruments designated as hedges $   $ 3,615  $ —  $ 5,042 
Undesignated derivative instruments
Equity options $   $ 262,697  $ 2,415  $ 374,038 
Foreign exchange forwards and options 17,714    11,712  — 
Total undesignated derivative instruments $ 17,714  $ 262,697  $ 14,127  $ 374,038 
Total Derivative Assets $ 17,714  $ 266,312  $ 14,127  $ 379,080 
As of June 30, 2021 As of December 31, 2020
(in thousands) Current Liability Long-Term Liability Current Liability Long-Term Liability
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments designated as hedges
Interest rate contracts - cash flow hedge (1)
$   $ (10,927) $ —  $ (17,409)
Total derivative instruments designated as hedges $   $ (10,927) $ —  $ (17,409)
Undesignated derivative instruments
Equity options $   $ (263,739) $ (5,966) $ (376,046)
Foreign exchange forwards and options (8,113)   (45,498) — 
Total undesignated derivative instruments $ (8,113) $ (263,739) $ (51,464) $ (376,046)
Total Derivative Liabilities $ (8,113) $ (274,666) $ (51,464) $ (393,455)
_________________
(1) The fair value amounts for the interest rate contracts do not include accrued interest.
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Gains and Losses on Derivative Instruments
The following tables summarize the gains and losses on derivative instruments for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:
Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
(in thousands) Other income, net Other income, net Other income (expense), net Other income (expense,) net
Total amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in which the effects of cash flow and fair value hedges are recorded $ 442  $ 4,000  $ 7,664  $ (1,246)
Gains (Losses) on Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedges
Interest rate contracts
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss $ 2,862  $ 4,356  $ (6,966) $ (648)
Amounts excluded from effectiveness testing   —    — 
Gains (Losses) on Derivatives in Fair Value Hedges
Interest rate contracts
Hedged item 638  (114) 1,427  (3,812)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (638) 114  (1,427) 3,812 
Gains (Losses) Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Equity options (22,037) 1,180  (113,756) 44,329 
Cash convertible notes embedded cash conversion option 22,393  86  118,274  (44,988)
Foreign exchange forwards and options (11,622) 4,238  11,881  (16,003)
Total (loss) gain $ (8,404) $ 9,860  $ 9,433  $ (17,310)
Balance Sheet Line Items in which the Hedged Item is Included
The following tables summarizes the balance sheet line items in which the hedged item is included as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets (Liabilities) Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets (Liabilities)
(in thousands) June 30,
2021
December 31, 2020 June 30,
2021
December 31, 2020
Long-term debt $ (130,528) $ (131,923) $ 3,615  $ 5,042 
9.Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
Assets and liabilities are measured at fair value according to a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1. Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets;
Level 2. Inputs, other than the quoted price in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3. Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist of marketable securities discussed in Note 5 "Investments", which are classified in Level 1, short-term investments, which are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, derivative contracts used to hedge currency and interest rate risk and derivative financial instruments entered into in connection with the Cash Convertible Notes discussed in Note 7 "Debt", which are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, contingent consideration accruals which are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, and are shown in the tables below and non-
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marketable equity securities remeasured as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 which are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between levels during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
In determining fair value for Level 2 instruments, we apply a market approach, using quoted active market prices relevant to the particular instrument under valuation, giving consideration to the credit risk of both the respective counterparty to the contract and the Company. To determine our credit risk, we estimated our credit rating by benchmarking the price of outstanding debt to publicly-available comparable data from rated companies. Using the estimated rating, our credit risk was quantified by reference to publicly-traded debt with a corresponding rating. The Level 2 derivative financial instruments include the Call Options asset and the embedded conversion option liability. See Note 7 "Debt" and Note 8 "Derivatives and Hedging" for further information. The derivatives are not actively traded and are valued based on an option pricing model that uses observable market data for inputs. Significant market data inputs used to determine fair values included our common stock price, the risk-free interest rate, and the implied volatility of our common stock. The Call Options asset and the embedded cash conversion option liability were designed with the intent that changes in their fair values would substantially offset, with limited net impact to our earnings. Therefore, the sensitivity of changes in the unobservable inputs to the option pricing model for such instruments is substantially mitigated.
Our Level 3 instruments include non-marketable equity security investments. Under the measurement alternative, the carrying value is measured at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. Adjustments are determined primarily based on a market approach as of the transaction date.
Our Level 3 instruments also include contingent consideration liabilities. We value contingent consideration liabilities using unobservable inputs, applying the income approach, such as the discounted cash flow technique, or the probability-weighted scenario method. Contingent consideration arrangements obligate us to pay the sellers of an acquired entity if specified future events occur or conditions are met such as the achievement of technological or revenue milestones. We use various key assumptions, such as the probability of achievement of the milestones (0% to 100%) and the discount rate (between 6.5% and 6.9%), to represent the non-performing risk factors and time value when applying the income approach. We regularly review the fair value of the contingent consideration, and reflect any change in the accrual in the condensed consolidated statements of income in the line items commensurate with the underlying nature of milestone arrangements.
The following table presents our fair value hierarchy for our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
  As of June 30, 2021 As of December 31, 2020
(in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:
Short-term investments $   $ 136,768  $   $ 136,768  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Marketable equity securities 2,529      2,529  117,515  —  —  117,515 
Non-marketable equity securities     4,147  4,147  —  —  4,142  4,142 
Equity options   262,697    262,697  —  376,453  —  376,453 
Foreign exchange forwards and options   17,714    17,714  —  11,712  —  11,712 
Interest rate contracts   3,615    3,615  —  5,042  —  5,042 
$ 2,529  $ 420,794  $ 4,147  $ 427,470  $ 117,515  $ 393,207  $ 4,142  $ 514,864 
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange forwards and options $   $ (8,113) $   $ (8,113) $ —  $ (45,498) $ —  $ (45,498)
Interest rate contracts   (10,927)   (10,927) —  (17,409) —  (17,409)
Cash conversion option   (263,739)   (263,739) —  (382,012) —  (382,012)
Contingent consideration     (23,645) (23,645) —  —  (23,593) (23,593)
$   $ (282,779) $ (23,645) $ (306,424) $ —  $ (444,919) $ (23,593) $ (468,512)
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Refer to Note 5 "Investments" for the change in non-marketable equity securities with Level 3 inputs during the six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. For contingent consideration liabilities with Level 3 inputs, the following table summarizes the activity for the six-month period ended June 30, 2021:
(in thousands) 2021
Balance at beginning of year $ (23,593)
Additions (52)
Balance at end of period $ (23,645)
As of June 30, 2021, $23.6 million was accrued for contingent consideration of which $13.7 million is included in accrued and other current liabilities and $9.9 million is included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2021, the $0.1 million of additions is related to the time value increases of existing contingent consideration liabilities.
The carrying values of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, short-term deposits, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities, approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The estimated fair value of long-term debt as disclosed in Note 7 "Debt" was based on current interest rates for similar types of borrowings. The estimated fair values may not represent actual values of the financial instruments that could be realized as of the balance sheet date or that will be realized in the future.
The fair values of the financial instruments are presented in Note 7 "Debt" and were determined as follows:
Cash Convertible Notes and Convertible Notes: Fair value is based on using available over-the-counter market information on the Cash Convertible Notes due in 2023 and 2024 as well as the Convertible Notes due in 2027.
U.S. Private Placement: Fair value of the outstanding bonds is based on an estimation using the changes in the U.S. Treasury rates.
German Private Placement: Fair value is based on an estimation using changes in the euro swap rates.
There were no adjustments in the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 for nonfinancial assets or liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.
10.Income Taxes
The quarterly provision for income taxes is based upon the estimated annual effective tax rate for the year, applied to the current period ordinary income before tax plus the tax effect of any discrete items. Our operating subsidiaries are exposed to statutory tax rates ranging from zero to 35%. Fluctuations in the distribution of pre-tax loss or income among our operating subsidiaries can lead to fluctuations of the effective tax rate in the condensed consolidated financial statements. In the second quarters of 2021 and 2020, our effective tax rates were 19.2% and 17.5%, respectively. In the six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the effective tax rates were 19.0% and 16.4%. The effective tax rate in 2021 reflects higher operating income in the current year due primarily to the growth trends in non-COVID products and continuing demand for solutions used in COVID-19 testing. Additionally, we record partial tax exemptions on foreign income primarily derived from operations in Germany, the Netherlands and Singapore. These foreign tax benefits are due to a combination of favorable tax laws, rules, rulings, and exemptions in these jurisdictions, including intercompany foreign royalty income in Germany which is statutorily exempt from trade tax. Further, we have intercompany financing arrangements in which the intercompany income is nontaxable in Dubai.
We assess uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 (ASC 740-10 Accounting for Uncertainties in Tax). At June 30, 2021, our gross unrecognized tax benefits totaled approximately $100.5 million which, if recognized, would favorably impact our effective tax rate in the periods in which they are recognized. It is reasonably possible that approximately $36.6 million of the unrecognized tax benefits may be released during the next 12 months due to lapse of statutes of limitations or settlements with tax authorities. However, various events could cause our current expectations to change in the future. While we believe our allowance for all income tax contingencies are adequate, the final resolution of these issues, if unfavorable, could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. We cannot reasonably estimate the range of the potential outcomes of these matters.
We conduct business globally and, as a result, file numerous consolidated and separate income tax returns in the Netherlands, Germany, and the U.S. federal jurisdiction, as well as in various other state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, we are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world. Tax years in the Netherlands are potentially open back to 2009 for income tax examinations by tax authorities. The U.S. consolidated group is open to Federal and most state income tax examinations by the tax authorities beginning with the 2017 tax year. Our subsidiaries, with few exceptions, are no longer open to income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2016. The German tax authorities have commenced an audit for the 2014-2016 tax years.
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As of June 30, 2021, residual Netherlands income taxes have not been provided on the undistributed earnings of the majority of our foreign subsidiaries as these earnings are considered to be either permanently reinvested or can be repatriated tax free under the Dutch participation exemption.
11.Inventories
The components of inventories consist of the following as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
(in thousands) June 30,
2021
December 31, 2020
Raw materials $ 72,863  $ 65,449 
Work in process 71,559  74,398 
Finished goods 196,619  151,334 
Total inventories, net $ 341,041  $ 291,181 
12.Equity
Issuance and Conversion of Warrants
In connection with the issuance of the Cash Convertible Notes as described in Note 7 "Debt", we issued Warrants as summarized in the table below. The number of warrants and exercise prices are subject to customary adjustments under certain circumstances. The proceeds, net of issuance costs, from the sale of the Warrants are included as additional paid in capital in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Cash convertible notes Issued on Number of share warrants
(in millions)
Exercise price per share Proceeds from issuance of warrants, net of issuance costs
(in millions)
Warrants expire over a period of 50 trading days beginning on
2023 September 13, 2017 9.7 $49.9775 $45.3 June 26, 2023
2024 November 13, 2018 10.9 $50.2947 $72.4 August 27, 2024
The Warrants are exercisable only upon expiration. For each Warrant that is exercised, we will deliver to the holder a number of shares of our common stock equal to the amount by which the settlement price exceeds the exercise price, divided by the settlement price, plus cash in lieu of any fractional shares. The Warrants could separately have a dilutive effect on shares of our common stock to the extent that the market value per share of our common stock exceeds the applicable exercise price of the Warrants (as measured under the terms of the Warrants).
Share Repurchase Programs
On July 12, 2021, we announced our seventh share repurchase program of up to $100 million of our common shares.
On May 6, 2019, we announced our sixth share repurchase program of up to $100 million of our common shares. During 2020, we repurchased 1.3 million QIAGEN shares for $64.0 million (including transaction costs). This program ended on December 17, 2020.
The cost of repurchased shares is included in treasury stock and reported as a reduction in total equity when a repurchase occurs. Repurchased shares will be held in treasury in order to satisfy various obligations, which include exchangeable debt instruments, warrants and employee share-based remuneration plans.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table is a summary of the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
(in thousands) 
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
Net unrealized loss on hedging contracts, net of tax $ (11,188) $ (23,268)
Net unrealized loss on pension, net of tax (599) (599)
Foreign currency effects from intercompany long-term investment transactions, net of tax benefit of $11.2 million and $10.7 million in 2021 and 2020, respectively
(27,295) (25,717)
Foreign currency translation adjustments (221,884) (194,238)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ (260,966) $ (243,822)
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13. Revenue     
Contract Estimates
The majority of our revenue is derived from contracts (i) with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount in which we have the right to invoice as product is delivered. We have elected the practical expedient not to disclose the value of remaining performance obligations associated with these types of contracts.
However, we have certain companion diagnostic co-development contracts to provide research and development activities in which our performance obligations extend over multiple years. As of June 30, 2021, we had $30.0 million of remaining performance obligations for which the transaction price is not constrained related to these contracts which we expect to recognize over the next 12 to 18 months.
Revenue expected to be recognized in any future year related to remaining performance obligations, excluding revenue pertaining to contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less, contracts where revenue is recognized as invoiced and contracts with variable consideration related to undelivered performance obligations, is not material.
Contract Balances
The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections can result in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables (contract assets), and customer advances and deposits (contract liabilities) in the consolidated balance sheet.
Contract assets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 totaled $9.3 million and $8.5 million, respectively, and are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and relate to the companion diagnostic co-development contracts discussed above.
Contract liabilities primarily relate to non-cancellable advances or deposits received from customers before revenue is recognized and is primarily related to instrument service and Software as a Service (SaaS) arrangements. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, contract liabilities totaled $74.3 million and $68.9 million, respectively, of which $62.9 million and $57.1 million is included in accrued and other current liabilities, respectively, and $11.4 million and $11.8 million in included in other long-term liabilities, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, we satisfied the associated performance obligations and recognized revenue of $13.9 million and $35.3 million, and $10.9 million and $32.1 million, respectively, related to advance customer payments previously received.
Disaggregation of Revenue
We disaggregate our revenue based on product type and customer class, product category and geography as shown in the tables below for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Consumables and related revenues $ 238,079  $ 166,326  $ 484,879  $ 317,707 
Instruments 33,592  37,994  66,114  62,219 
Molecular Diagnostics 271,671  204,320  550,993  379,926 
Consumables and related revenues 260,012  209,128  511,420  383,690 
Instruments 35,625  29,804  72,101  51,733 
Life Sciences 295,637  238,932  583,521  435,423 
Total $ 567,308  $ 443,252  $ 1,134,514  $ 815,349 

Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Sample technologies $ 202,590  200,196  $ 429,762  $ 354,267 
Diagnostic solutions 154,187  87,394  303,949  183,199 
PCR / Nucleic acid amplification 108,705  97,826  225,391  159,321 
Genomics / NGS 79,504  37,045  129,923  78,872 
Other 22,322  20,791  45,489  39,690 
Total $ 567,308  $ 443,252  1,134,514  $ 815,349 
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Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Americas $ 256,598  $ 177,256  $ 500,922  $ 351,056 
Europe, Middle East and Africa 202,103  164,458  420,609  292,907 
Asia Pacific and Rest of World 108,607  101,538  212,983  171,386 
Total $ 567,308  $ 443,252  $ 1,134,514  $ 815,349 
14.Earnings per Common Share
We present basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that would occur if all “in the money” securities to issue common shares were exercised.
The following table for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 summarizes the information used to compute earnings per common share:
Three months ended
June 30,
(in thousands, except per share data) 2021 2020
Net income $ 121,051  $ 89,764 
Weighted average number of common shares used to compute basic net income per common share
228,518  228,391 
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units 3,415  3,105 
Dilutive effect of outstanding warrants 17  2,531 
Weighted average number of common shares used to compute diluted net income per common share
231,950  234,027 
Outstanding options and awards having no dilutive effect, not included in above calculation
8 
Outstanding warrants having no dilutive effect, not included in above calculation
20,544  28,552 
Basic earnings per common share $ 0.53  $ 0.39 
Diluted earnings per common share $ 0.52  $ 0.38 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in thousands, except per share data) 2021 2020
Net income $ 250,274  $ 129,593 
Weighted average number of common shares used to compute basic net income per common share
228,385  228,200 
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units 3,650  2,971 
Dilutive effect of outstanding warrants 87  1,948 
Weighted average number of common shares used to compute diluted net income per common share
232,122  233,119 
Outstanding options and awards having no dilutive effect, not included in above calculation
5  23 
Outstanding warrants having no dilutive effect, not included in above calculation
20,473  29,135 
Basic earnings per common share $ 1.10  $ 0.57 
Diluted earnings per common share $ 1.08  $ 0.56 
For purposes of considering the 2027 Notes in determining diluted earnings per common share, only an excess of the conversion value over the principal amount would have a dilutive impact using the treasury stock method. Since the 2027 Notes were out of the money and anti-dilutive during the period from January 1, 2021 through June 30, 2021, they were excluded from the diluted earnings per common share calculations in 2021.
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15.Commitments and Contingencies
Contingent Consideration Commitments
Pursuant to the purchase agreements for certain acquisitions and other contractual arrangements, we could be required to make additional contingent cash payments totaling up to $26.6 million in 2022 based on the achievement of certain revenue and operating results milestones.
Of the $26.6 million total contingent obligation as discussed further in Note 9 "Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements," we have assessed the fair value at June 30, 2021 to be $23.6 million, of which $13.7 million is included in accrued and other current liabilities and $9.9 million is included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, we provide a warranty to customers that our products are free of defects and will conform to published specifications. Generally, the applicable product warranty period is one year from the date of delivery of the product to the customer or of site acceptance, if required. Additionally, we typically provide limited warranties with respect to our services. We provide for estimated warranty costs at the time of the product sale. We believe our warranty reserves of $5.9 million and $4.8 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, appropriately reflect the estimated cost of such warranty obligations.
Litigation
From time to time, we may be party to legal proceedings incidental to our business. As of June 30, 2021, certain claims, suits or legal proceedings arising out of the normal course of business have been filed or were pending against QIAGEN or our subsidiaries. These matters have arisen in the ordinary course and conduct of business, as well as through acquisition. Although it is not possible to predict the outcome of such litigation, we assess the degree of probability and evaluate the reasonably possible losses that we could incur as a result of these matters. We accrue for any estimated loss when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of probable loss can be estimated.
Litigation accruals recorded in accrued and other current liabilities totaled $5.1 million and $5.2 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The estimated amount of a range of possible losses as of June 30, 2021, is between $4.7 million and $16.2 million. Based on the facts known to QIAGEN and after consultation with legal counsel, management believes that such litigation will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations above the amounts accrued. However, the outcome of these matters is ultimately uncertain, thus any settlements or judgments against us in excess of management's expectations could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
16.Share-Based Compensation
Stock Units
Stock units represent rights to receive our common shares at a future date and include restricted stock units which are subject to time-based vesting only and performance stock units which include performance conditions in addition to time-based vesting. Shares are issued on the vesting dates net of the applicable statutory tax withholding to be paid by us on behalf of our employees. As a result, fewer shares are issued than the number of stock units outstanding. We record a liability for the tax withholding to be paid by us as a reduction to treasury shares.
During the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021, we granted 0.5 million and 0.7 million stock awards compared to 24.0 thousand and 1.0 million stock awards granted for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2020.
At June 30, 2021, there was $83.1 million remaining in unrecognized compensation expense, less estimated forfeitures, related to these awards which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.23 years.
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Share-Based Compensation Expense
For the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows:
Three months ended
June 30,
(in thousands) 2021 2020
Cost of sales $ 709  $ 601 
Research and development 1,048  986 
Sales and marketing 3,398  3,167 
General and administrative 4,454  3,071 
Share-based compensation expense before taxes 9,609  7,825 
Less: income tax benefit 2,277  1,738 
Net share-based compensation expense $ 7,332  $ 6,087 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in thousands) 2021 2020
Cost of sales $ 1,347  $ 1,242 
Research and development 1,647  2,701 
Sales and marketing 6,855  6,052 
General and administrative 9,448  6,509 
Share-based compensation expense before taxes 19,297  16,504 
Less: income tax benefit 4,384  3,581 
Net share-based compensation expense $ 14,913  $ 12,923 
In the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, share-based compensation expense reflects an increase in expense as result of 2020 performance achievement.
No compensation cost was capitalized at June 30, 2021 or June 30, 2020 as the amounts were not material.
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
This section contains a number of forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current management expectations, and actual results may differ materially. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ from management’s expectations are those described in “Risk Factors” and “Forward-looking and Cautionary Statements” below.
Forward-looking and Cautionary Statements
This report contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “believe,” “hope,” “plan,” “intend,” “seek,” “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “continue” or other similar words. Such statements are based on management’s current expectations and are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. We caution investors that there can be no assurance that actual results or business conditions will not differ materially from those projected or suggested in such forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, but not limited to, the following: risks associated with our expansion of operations, including the acquisition of new businesses; variability in our operating results from quarter to quarter; management of growth, international operations, and dependence on key personnel; intense competition; technological change; our ability to develop and protect proprietary products and technologies and to enter into and maintain collaborative commercial relationships; our future capital requirements; general economic conditions and capital market fluctuations; and uncertainties as to the extent of future government regulation of our business. As a result, our future success involves a high degree of risk. For further information, refer to the more specific risks and uncertainties discussed in Part 1, Item 3 "Key Information" of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2020 and under the heading "Risk Factors" below.
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Results of Operations
Overview
We are a leading global provider of Sample to Insight solutions that enable customers to gain valuable molecular insights from samples containing the building blocks of life. Our sample technologies isolate and process DNA, RNA and proteins from blood, tissue and other materials. Assay technologies make these biomolecules visible and ready for analysis, such as identifying the DNA of a virus or a mutation of a gene. QIAGEN Digital insights integrate software and cloud-based resources to interpret increasing volumes of biological data and report relevant, actionable insights. Our automation solutions tie these together in seamless and cost-effective molecular testing workflows.
We sell our products - consumables, automated instrumentation systems using those technologies, and bioinformatics to analyze and interpret the data - to two major customer classes:
Molecular Diagnostics - healthcare providers engaged in many aspects of patient care requiring accurate diagnosis and insights to guide treatment decisions in oncology, infectious diseases and immune monitoring. Includes Precision Medicine and companion diagnostics.
Life Sciences - customers including government, biotechnology companies and researchers who utilize molecular testing and technologies who are generally served by public funding including areas such as medicine and clinical development efforts, forensics and exploring the secrets of life. Includes Pharma, Academia and Applied Testing customers.
We market products in more than 130 countries, mainly through subsidiaries in markets we believe have the greatest sales potential in Europe, Asia, the Americas and Australia. We also work with specialized independent distributors and importers. As of June 30, 2021, we employed more than 5,900 people in more than 35 locations worldwide.
We expect continued strong demand in the non-COVID product group areas of the portfolio during 2021 and for these products to represent the majority of our sales. The faster-than-expected success of vaccination campaigns has led to a reduction in demand for COVID-19 test solutions, and this has led to reduced sales growth over 2020 from these product groups. Investments are planned for research and development and clinical trials to strengthen our five pillars of growth beyond the pandemic, in particular initiatives to enlarge the test menu for the NeuMoDx and QIA-stat-Dx systems.
Three- and Six-Month Periods Ended June 30, 2021 compared to Three- and Six-Month Periods Ended June 30, 2020
Net Sales
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Non-COVID and COVID-19 product groups Net sales Net sales % change Net sales Net sales % change
Non-COVID product groups $ 407.6 $ 258.9 +57% $ 771.6 $ 561.8 +37%
COVID-19 product groups 159.7 184.3 -13% 362.9 253.5 +43%
Net Sales $ 567.3 $ 443.3 +28% $ 1,134.5 $ 815.3 +39%
Product type
Consumables and related revenues $ 498.1  $ 375.5  +33% $ 996.3  $ 701.4  +42%
Instruments 69.2  67.8  +2% 138.2  114.0  +21%
Net Sales $ 567.3  $ 443.3  +28% $ 1,134.5  $ 815.3  +39%
Customer class
Molecular Diagnostics $ 271.7  $ 204.3  +33% $ 551.0  $ 379.9  +45%
Life Sciences 295.6  238.9  +24% 583.5  435.4  +34%
Net Sales $ 567.3  $ 443.3  +28% $ 1,134.5  $ 815.3  +39%
Trends in non-COVID product groups remained strong into the second quarter of 2021 with growth led by QuantiFERON-TB returning to pre-pandemic sales levels and sample technologies. Lower COVID-19 product group sales levels in the second quarter of 2021 were seen across all regions and product categories, as the rapid uptake of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns led to reduced demand for testing. Net sales were positively impacted by about four percentage points from favorable currency movements against the U.S. dollar in both the second quarter and first six months of 2021.
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Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Product group Net sales Net sales % change Net sales Net sales % change
Sample technologies $ 202.6  $ 200.2  +1% $ 429.8  $ 354.3  +21%
Diagnostic solutions 154.2  87.4  +76% 303.9  183.2  +66%
PCR / Nucleic acid amplification 108.7  97.8  +11% 225.4  159.3  +41%
Genomics / NGS 79.5  37.0  +115% 129.9  78.9  +65%
Other 22.3  20.8  +7% 45.5  39.7  +15%
Net Sales $ 567.3  $ 443.3  +28% $ 1,134.5  $ 815.3  +39%
Sample technologies represents products involved in the first step in any molecular lab process. Sales were driven by demand for non-COVID products as these sales represented about two-thirds of this product group in the second quarter of 2021. Sales of kits used for COVID-19 testing, especially manual sample preparation, declined in the second quarter against high demand in the year-ago period.
Diagnostic solutions includes molecular testing platforms and products as well as Precision Medicine and companion diagnostic co-development revenues. Growth in the second quarter and first six months of 2021 reflected strong growth in QuantiFERON-TB sales in all regions. Sales for the QIAstat-Dx and NeuMoDx automated PCR testing solutions rose in the second quarter despite a decline in COVID-19 testing demand. Higher revenues from companion diagnostic co-development agreements compared to the prior year periods were also supported by higher sales of kits used for precision medicine applications.
PCR / Nucleic acid amplification involves research and applied PCR solutions and components. QIAcuity digital PCR sales continued growth trends from the first quarter amid increasing customer interest following the launch in late 2020. OEM solutions and enzymes used in third-party diagnostic kits also contributed to growth in both periods while absorbing lower sales of COVID-19 products during the second quarter. Instrument sales declined in the second quarter, in particular for the Rotor Gene Q PCR cycler, against high pandemic demand in the second quarter of 2020.
Genomics / NGS includes universal NGS solutions as well as the full QIAGEN Digital Insights portfolio. Sales for universal NGS consumables used in NGS grew from demand among customers involved in research and clinical applications, increased sales of kits for COVID-19 variant analysis, and second quarter sales of patents and technology licenses. Sales were also driven by QIAGEN Digital Insights in particular in clinical applications such as oncology.
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Geographic region Net sales Net sales % change Net sales Net sales % change
Americas $ 256.6  $ 177.3  +45% $ 500.9  $ 351.1  +43%
Europe, Middle East and Africa 202.1  164.5  +23% 420.6  292.9  +44%
Asia Pacific, Japan and Rest of World 108.6  101.5  +7% 213.0  171.4  +24%
Net Sales $ 567.3  $ 443.3  +28% $ 1,134.5  $ 815.3  +39%
Growth in the Americas region was underpinned by a strong performance in the U.S. including gains in QuantiFERON-TB sales where results grew over pre-pandemic sales levels for this growth pillar in both the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021. Sales in Brazil declined during the second quarter in Molecular Diagnostics and more than outweighed gains in Life Sciences resulting in lower sales overall during the six-month period ended June 30, 2021. While sales in Mexico declined across both customer classes during the second quarter, the strong performance in the first quarter resulted in growth in this country for the first half of 2021.
Performance in the Europe, Middle East and Africa region was driven by gains in Germany, Italy, Switzerland and the United Kingdom during the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021, while positive trends in Turkey during the second quarter were balanced against lower sales in France compared to the year-ago period. EMEA sales were positively impacted by eight percentage points from favorable currency movements against the U.S. dollar in the three months ended June 30, 2021 and nine percentage points in the six-month period then ended.
Results in Asia Pacific, Japan and Rest of World region were driven by growth in China compared to both comparative periods of 2020 on improving trends for non-COVID product groups. Higher sales were also seen in Australia and South Korea, more than absorbing the decline in India. Sales in the Asia Pacific and Japan region were positively impacted by five percentage points from favorable currency movements against the U.S. dollar in the three months ended June 30, 2021 and six percentage points in the six-month period then ended.
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Gross Profit
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 % change 2021 2020 % change
Gross Profit $ 369.2  $ 295.0  +25% $ 739.8  $ 538.5  +37%
Gross Margin 65.1  % 66.5  % 65.2  % 66.0  %
Generally, our consumables and related products have a higher gross margin than our instrumentation products and service arrangements and fluctuations in the sales levels of these products and services can result in fluctuations in gross margin between periods. While net sales from consumables and instruments have shifted towards a higher percentage of consumable sales, the gross margin in the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 reflects the impact of lower instrument margins when compared to the prior periods together with increased costs following investments made in expanding our production capacity to support volume growth.
In the second quarter of 2021, the amortization expense on acquisition-related intangibles within cost of sales increased to $17.7 million compared to $14.9 million in the same period of 2020. In the first six months of 2021, the amortization expense on acquisition-related intangibles within cost of sales increased to $35.4 million compared to $30.1 million in the same period of 2020. This increase reflects the acquired intangibles from NeuMoDx as discussed further in Note 3 "Acquisitions". Our acquisition-related intangible amortization will increase in the event of future acquisitions.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 % change 2021 2020 % change
Research and development $ 52.2  $ 31.8  +64% $ 99.6  $ 66.6  +49%
% of net sales 9.2  % 7.2  % 8.8  % 8.2  %
Research and development costs in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 includes $3.3 million and $6.1 million, respectively, of unfavorable currency exchange impact. The overall increase in research and development expense is the result of the continued focus on our five pillars of growth, including investments in NeuMoDx, QIAstat-Dx and QIAcuity. These investments are being made to both expand the use of key solutions for use once the pandemic has subsided in addition to addressing the ongoing COVID-19 testing demand including the ability to detect emerging viral variants. In 2020, research and development costs reflect the suspended development of NGS-related instrument systems in connection with the 2019 restructuring measures discussed in Note 4. As we continue to discover, develop and acquire new products and technologies, we expect to incur additional expenses related to facilities, licenses and employees engaged in research and development. Overall, research and development costs are expected to increase as a result of seeking regulatory approvals, including U.S. FDA Pre-Market Approval (PMA), U.S. FDA 510(k) clearance and EU CE approval of certain assays or instruments. Further, business combinations, along with the acquisition of new technologies, may increase our research and development costs in the future. We have a strong commitment to innovation and expect to continue to make investments in our research and development efforts.
Sales and Marketing
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 % change 2021 2020 % change
Sales and marketing $ 110.4  $ 94.4  +17% $ 224.2  $ 190.1  +18%
% of net sales 19.5  % 21.3  % 19.8  % 23.3  %
Sales and marketing expenses are primarily associated with personnel, commissions, advertising, trade shows, publications, freight and logistics expenses, and other promotional expenses. The increase reflects additional sales and marketing efforts supporting our focus on the five pillars of growth, as well as increases in freight and other supply chain costs in line with the increase in sales and includes $5.5 million and $10.1 million, respectively, of unfavorable currency exchange impact in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. As pandemic lockdowns and restrictions are lifted, we anticipate that absolute sales and marketing costs will increase, along with increases related to new product introductions.
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General and Administrative
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 % change 2021 2020 % change
General and administrative $ 31.0  $ 23.9  +30% $ 64.8  $ 52.1  +25%
% of net sales 5.5  % 5.4  % 5.7  % 6.4  %
General and administrative expenses reflect continued investments in information technology systems, including cyber security, across the organization as well as an increase in share-based compensation and personnel expenses due in part to 2020 performance achievements. General and administrative expenses includes $1.5 million and $2.4 million, respectively, of unfavorable currency exchange impact in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.
Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 % change 2021 2020 % change
Acquisition-related intangible amortization $ 5.3  $ 5.0  +6% $ 10.7  $ 10.1  +6%
% of net sales 0.9  % 1.1  % 0.9  % 1.2  %
Amortization expense related to developed technology and patent and license rights acquired in a business combination is included in cost of sales. Amortization of trademarks and customer base acquired in a business combination is recorded in operating expense under the caption “acquisition-related intangible amortization.” Amortization expenses of intangible assets not acquired in a business combination are recorded within cost of sales, research and development, or sales and marketing based on the use of the asset. Our acquisition-related intangible amortization recorded in operating expenses will increase in the event of future acquisitions.
Restructuring, Acquisition, Integration and Other, net
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 % change 2021 2020 % change
Restructuring, acquisition, integration and other, net $ 9.0  $ 21.1  -57% $ 15.4  $ 32.5  -53%
% of net sales 1.6  % 4.8  % 1.4  % 4.0  %
Restructuring, acquisition, integration and other, net expenses totaled $9.0 million and $15.4 million, respectively, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 including costs for the continued integration of NeuMoDx.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we incurred acquisition expenses of $17.2 million and $20.9 million, respectively, associated with the public takeover offer for QIAGEN as well as $0.3 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of charges in connection with the 2019 restructuring measures.
Long-lived Asset Impairments
Impairments to intangible assets and property, plant and equipment during six-months ended June 30, 2020 totaled $0.1 million and were incurred in connection with the 2019 restructuring measures as further discussed in Note 4 "Restructuring and Impairments".
Other Expense, net
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 % change 2021 2020 % change
Interest income $ 2.1  $ 3.5  -40% $ 3.7  $ 6.7  -44%
Interest expense (13.9) (17.4) -20% (27.4) (36.4) -25%
Other income (expense), net 0.4  4.0  7.7  (1.2)
Total other expense, net $ (11.4) $ (9.9) +14% $ (16.1) $ (30.9) -48%
Interest income includes interest earned on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, income related to certain interest rate derivatives as discussed in Note 8 "Derivatives and Hedging" and other components including the interest portion of operating lease transactions. The decrease in 2021 is partially attributable to the duration and level of short-term investments held during the period.
Interest expense primarily relates to debt, discussed in Note 7 "Debt" in the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements. The decrease in 2021 is driven by the repayment of the majority of the 2021 Notes after the first quarter of 2020.
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For the three-month period ended June 30, 2021, other income, net includes a $2.6 million income from equity method investments as well as income from receipt and changes in fair value changes of marketable securities, partially offset by a $2.7 million loss on currency. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2021, other income, net includes a $5.6 million gain recognized from the sale of the Invitae shares and related hedge, $4.5 million of income from equity method investments and $1.0 million in income from receipt and changes in fair value of marketable securities, partially offset by a $4.4 million loss on currency.
For the three-month period ended June 30, 2020, other income, net includes unrealized gains of $0.8 million on investments and $1.1 million of equity method income as discussed further in Note 5 "Investments" as well as a $0.7 million gain recognized due to the early conversion of a portion of the 2021 Cash Convertible Notes further discussed in Note 7 "Debt". For the six-month period ended June 30, 2020, other expense, net includes $2.5 million of net losses on foreign currency transactions as well as the $2.3 million loss recognized upon the sale of an investment in equity securities discussed further in Note 5 partially offset by $2.7 million of equity method income.
Provision for Income Taxes
Second quarter First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020 % change 2021 2020 % change
Income before income taxes $ 149.9  $ 108.8  +38% $ 309.0  $ 155.1  +99%
Income tax expense 28.8  19.0  +52% 58.7  25.5  +130%
Net income $ 121.1  $ 89.8  $ 250.3  $ 129.6 
Effective tax rate 19.2  % 17.5  % 19.0  % 16.4  %
Our effective tax rate differs from the Netherlands statutory tax rate of 25% due in part to our operating subsidiaries being exposed to statutory tax rates ranging from zero to 35%. Fluctuations in the distribution of pre-tax (loss) income among our operating subsidiaries can lead to fluctuations of the effective tax rate in the consolidated financial statements. In the second quarters of 2021 and 2020, our effective tax rates were 19.2% and 17.5%, respectively. In the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, our effective tax rates were 19.0% and 16.4%, respectively. The effective tax rate in 2021 reflects higher operating income in the current year due primarily to the growth trends in non-COVID products and continuing demand for solutions used in COVID-19 testing. Additionally, we record partial tax exemptions on foreign income primarily derived from operations in Germany, the Netherlands and Singapore. These foreign tax benefits are due to a combination of favorable tax laws, rules, rulings, and exemptions in these jurisdictions, including intercompany foreign royalty income in Germany which is statutorily exempt from trade tax. Further, we have intercompany financing arrangements in which the intercompany income is nontaxable in Dubai.
In future periods, our effective tax rate may fluctuate from similar or other factors as discussed in “Changes in tax laws or their application and the termination or reduction of certain government incentives, could adversely impact our overall effective tax rate, results of operations or financial flexibility” in Item 3 Risk Factors of the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was enacted on March 27, 2020 in the United States. The CARES Act and related notices include several significant provisions, including delaying certain payroll tax payments and mandatory transition tax payments under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. We will continue to monitor and assess the impact the CARES Act and similar legislation in other countries may have on our business and financial results.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
To date, we have funded our business primarily through internally generated funds, debt and private and public sales of equity. Our primary use of cash has been to support continuing operations and our investing activities, including capital expenditure requirements and acquisitions. As of June 30, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $759.0 million and short-term investments of $139.0 million. As of December 31, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $598.0 million and short-term investments of $117.2 million. Cash and cash equivalents are primarily held in U.S. dollars and euros, other than those cash balances maintained in the local currency of subsidiaries to meet local working capital needs. At June 30, 2021, cash and cash equivalents had increased by $161.1 million from December 31, 2020, primarily as a result of cash provided by operating activities of $285.0 million, partially offset by cash used in investing activities of $78.7 million and cash used in financing activities of $43.5 million. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had working capital of $1.30 billion and $1.05 billion, respectively.
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Cash Flow Summary
First six months
(in millions) 2021 2020
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 285.0  $ 150.6 
Net cash used in investing activities $ (78.7) $ (66.9)
Net cash used in financing activities $ (43.5) $ (16.4)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ (1.8) $ (4.5)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 161.1  $ 62.8 
Operating Activities
For the six months ended June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2020, we generated net cash from operating activities of $285.0 million and $150.6 million, respectively. While net income was $250.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, non-cash components in income included $110.7 million of depreciation and amortization, $19.3 million of share-based compensation expense, and $16.0 million of amortization of debt discount. Operating cash flows include a net decrease in working capital of $89.2 million excluding changes in fair values of derivative instruments. The current period change in working capital is primarily due to increased inventories to meet the increase in demand and decreased accrued and other liabilities and accounts payable during the first half of 2021. Because we rely heavily on cash generated from operating activities to fund our business, a decrease in demand for our products, longer collection cycles or significant technological advances of competitors would have a negative impact on our liquidity.
Investing Activities
Approximately $78.7 million of cash was used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to $66.9 million for the same period in 2020. Cash used in investing activities includes $136.7 million in purchases of short-term investments, $90.0 million paid for purchases of property, plant and equipment and $11.3 million for the purchases of intangible assets partially offset by $118.0 million from the sale of Invitae shares and $42.9 million received for collateral assets. Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2020 includes $99.7 million paid for intangible assets, $50.2 million purchases of property, plant or equipment and $24.9 million in purchases of short-term investments partially offset by $98.2 million from proceeds from redemption of short-term investments.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $43.5 million of cash for the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to repayments of long-term debt including $41.1 million for two tranches of the German Private Placement (Schuldschein) that matured as well as $0.2 million for the remaining 2021 Notes as well as $13.3 million paid in connection with net shares settlement for tax withholding related to the vesting of stock awards partially offset by $10.1 million of cash received for collateral liabilities. Cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 includes $34.1 million of payments upon early conversion of a portion of the 2021 Notes and $6.4 million paid in connection with net shares settlement for tax withholding, partially offset by $20.2 million of cash received for collateral liabilities.
Other Factors Affecting Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2021, we carry $1.9 billion of long-term debt, of which no amount is current.
In December 2020, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of zero coupon Convertible Notes due in 2027 (2027 Notes). The 2027 Notes will mature on December 17, 2027 unless converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date as described more fully in Note 7 "Debt".
In November 2018, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of Cash Convertible Senior Notes which are due in 2024 (2024 Notes). Interest on the 2024 Notes is payable semiannually in arrears at a rate of 1.000% per annum. The 2024 Notes will mature on November 13, 2024 unless repurchased or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date.
In September 2017, we issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of Cash Convertible Senior Notes which are due in 2023 (2023 Notes). Interest on the 2023 Notes is payable semiannually in arrears at a rate of 0.500% per annum. The 2023 Notes will mature on September 13, 2023 unless repurchased or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date.
Additionally in 2017, we completed a German private placement consisting of several tranches denominated in either U.S. dollars or Euro at either floating or fixed rates and due at various dates through June 2027. During the first quarter of 2021, we paid $41.1 million when two tranches matured as described more fully in Note 7 "Debt".
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In March 2014, we issued Cash Convertible Senior Notes of which the remaining $0.2 million was paid during the three months ended March 31, 2021.
In October 2012, we completed a U.S. private placement with three series at a weighted average interest rate of 3.66%. The following two series remain outstanding at June 30, 2021: (1) $300 million 10-year term due in 2022 (3.75%); and (2) $27 million 12-year term due in 2024 (3.90%).
In December 2020, we obtained a €400 million syndicated revolving credit facility with a contractual life of three years with the ability to extend by one year two times. No amounts were utilized at June 30, 2021. The facility can be utilized in Euro and bears interest of 0.525% to 1.525% above EURIBOR, and is offered with interest periods of one, three or six months. The interest rate is linked to our environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance. We have additional credit lines totaling €27 million with no expiration date, none of which were utilized as of June 30, 2021.
In connection with certain acquisitions, we could be required to make additional contingent cash payments totaling up to $26.6 million based on the achievement of certain revenue and operating results milestones as further discussed in Note 15 "Commitments and Contingencies."
On July 12, 2021, we announced our seventh share repurchase program of up to $100 million of our common shares. In May 2019, we announced our sixth share repurchase program of up to $100 million of our common shares. During 2020, we repurchased 1.3 million QIAGEN shares for $64.0 million (including transaction costs). This program ended in December 2020. Repurchased shares will be held in treasury in order to satisfy various obligations, which include employee share-based remuneration plans.
We expect that cash from financing activities will continue to be impacted by issuances of our common shares in connection with our equity compensation plans and that the market performance of our stock will impact the timing and volume of the issuances. Additionally, we may make future acquisitions or investments requiring cash payments, the issuance of additional equity or debt financing.
We believe that funds from operations, existing cash and cash equivalents, together with the proceeds from any public and private sales of equity, and availability of financing facilities, will be sufficient to fund our planned operations and expansion during the coming year. However, any global economic downturn may have a greater impact on our business than currently expected, and we may experience a decrease in the sales of our products, which could impact our ability to generate cash. If our future cash flows from operations and other capital resources are not adequate to fund our liquidity needs, we may be required to obtain additional debt or equity financing or to reduce or delay our capital expenditures, acquisitions or research and development projects. If we could not obtain financing on a timely basis or at satisfactory terms, or implement timely reductions in our expenditures, our business could be adversely affected.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our market risk relates primarily to interest rate exposures on cash, marketable securities, and borrowings and foreign currency exposures on intercompany and third-party transactions. The overall objective of our risk management strategy is to reduce the potential negative earnings effects from changes in interest and foreign currency exchange rates. Exposures are managed through operational methods and financial instruments. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Our exposure to market risk from changes in interest rates and currency exchange rates has not changed materially from our exposure as discussed in Item 11 of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Foreign Currency
QIAGEN N.V.’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar and most of our subsidiaries’ functional currencies are the local currencies of the countries in which they are headquartered. All amounts in the financial statements of entities whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollar equivalents at exchange rates as follows: (1) assets and liabilities at period-end rates, (2) income statement accounts at average exchange rates for the period, and (3) components of shareholders’ equity at historical rates. Translation gains or losses are recorded in shareholders’ equity, and transaction gains and losses are reflected in net income. Foreign currency transactions in the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 resulted in a net loss of $2.7 million and $4.4 million, respectively, and $0.2 million and $2.5 million in the same periods of 2020 and are included in other income (expense), net.
Derivatives and Hedging
In the ordinary course of business, we use derivative instruments, including swaps, forwards and/or options, to manage potential losses from foreign currency exposures and variable rate debt. The principal objective of such derivative instruments is to minimize the risks and/or costs associated with global financial and operating activities. We do not utilize derivative or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet, measure those instruments at fair value and recognize the change in fair value in earnings in the period of change, unless the derivative qualifies as an effective hedge that offsets certain exposures. In determining fair value, we consider both the counterparty credit risk and our own creditworthiness. To determine our own credit risk, we estimated our own credit rating by benchmarking the price of our outstanding
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debt to publicly-available comparable data from rated companies. Using the estimated rating, we quantify our credit risk by reference to publicly-traded debt with a corresponding rating.
Foreign Currency Derivatives 
As a globally active enterprise, we are subject to risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currencies in our ordinary operations. This includes foreign currency-denominated receivables, payables, debt, and other balance sheet positions. We manage our balance sheet exposure on a group-wide basis primarily using foreign exchange forward contracts, options and cross-currency swaps.
Interest Rate Derivatives
We are using interest rate derivatives to align our portfolio of interest bearing assets and liabilities with our risk management objectives. We have entered into interest rate swaps in which we agreed to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed and floating interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount.
We also make use of economic hedges. Further details of our derivative and hedging activities can be found in Note 8 "Derivatives and Hedging" to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
RECENT AUTHORITATIVE PRONOUNCEMENTS
For information on recent accounting pronouncements impacting our business, see Note 2 "Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies" in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES, JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of our financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingencies as of the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Critical accounting policies are those that require the most complex or subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. Thus, to the extent that actual events differ from management’s estimates and assumptions, there could be a material impact on the financial statements. In applying our critical accounting policies, at times we used accounting estimates that either required us to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the estimate was made or were reasonably likely to change from period to period, having a material impact on the presentation of our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. While the COVID-19 pandemic presents additional uncertainty, we continue to use the best information available to form our estimates. Our critical accounting policies are those related to revenue recognition, income taxes, investments, goodwill and other intangible assets, acquisitions and fair value measurements.
Our critical accounting policies are discussed further in Item 5 of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2020. Actual results in these areas could differ from management’s estimates.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We did not use special purpose entities and did not have off-balance-sheet financing arrangements as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
There were no material changes at June 30, 2021 from the contractual obligations disclosed in Item 5 of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2020.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
For information on legal proceedings, see Note 15 "Commitments and Contingencies" to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
While no assurances can be given regarding the outcome of the proceedings described in Note 15, based on information currently available, we believe that the resolution of these matters is unlikely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of future operations for QIAGEN N.V. as a whole. However, because of the nature and inherent uncertainties of litigation, should the outcomes be unfavorable, certain aspects of our business, financial condition, and results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
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RISK FACTORS
Material risks that may affect our results of operations and financial position appear in Part 1, Item 3 "Key Information" of the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2020. There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in Item 3 of our Form 20-F.

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