UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a)
of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
Filed by the Registrant
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x
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Filed by a Party other than the Registrant
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Check the appropriate box:
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Preliminary Proxy Statement
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Confidential, For Use of the Commission Only (as Permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
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Definitive Proxy Statement
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Definitive Additional Materials
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Soliciting Material Pursuant to § 240.14a-12
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TONIX PHARMACEUTICALS HOLDING CORP.
(Name of Registrant as Specified in its
Charter)
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement,
if other than the Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
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x
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No fee required
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Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
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Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
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Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
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Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
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Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
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(5)
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Total fee paid:
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Fee paid previously with preliminary materials:
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Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
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Amount previously paid:
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Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
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Filing Party:
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Date Filed:
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TONIX PHARMACEUTICALS HOLDING CORP.
509 Madison Avenue, Suite 306
New York, New York 10022
Telephone: (212) 980-9155
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
The Annual Meeting
of the shareholders of Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. (the “Company” or “Tonix”) will be held on [*],[*],
2017, at 10:00 a.m. local time at the offices of Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP at 61 Broadway, 32
nd
Floor,
New York, New York 10006 for the purposes of:
1. To
elect the eight director nominees named in the Proxy Statement to hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders;
2. To
ratify the appointment of EisnerAmper LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year
ending December 31, 2017;
3. To
approve the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. 2017 Stock Incentive Plan;
4. To
approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the Company’s authorized shares
of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000;
5. To
approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the maximum size of the board of
directors;
6. To
approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted
by Nevada law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such
director’s or officer’s fiduciary duty;
7. To
approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that advancement of expenses is required
in connection with any indemnification claim; and
8. To
act on such other matters as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournment there.
Only shareholders of
record at the close of business on April 24, 2017, will be entitled to attend and vote at the meeting. A list of all shareholders
entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of and number of shares held by
each shareholder, will be available at the principal office of the Company during usual business hours, for examination by any
shareholder for any purpose germane to the Annual Meeting for 10 days prior to the date thereof. The proxy materials
will be furnished to shareholders on or about [*], 2017.
Important Notice Regarding the Availability
of Proxy Materials for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders
to be held on [*], 2017:
The Proxy Statement and Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 are available at:
http://viewproxy.com/tonixpharma/2017/.
BY ORDER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
/s/
Seth Lederman
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Seth Lederman
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Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors
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[*], 2017
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You are cordially
invited to attend the meeting in person. Whether or not you expect to attend the meeting, please complete, date, sign
and return the enclosed proxy as instructed in these materials, as promptly as possible in order to ensure your representation
at the meeting. A return envelope (which is postage prepaid if mailed in the United States) is enclosed for your convenience. Even
if you have voted by proxy, you may still vote in person if you attend the meeting. Please note, however, that if your
shares are held of record by a broker, bank or other nominee and you wish to vote at the meeting, you must obtain a proxy issued
in your name from that record holder.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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INFORMATION CONCERNING THE ANNUAL MEETING
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1
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THESE PROXY MATERIALS AND VOTING
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2
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PROPOSAL NO. 1: ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
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8
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Information about the Nominees
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8
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Board Independence
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10
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Board Leadership Structure
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10
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Board Role in Risk Oversight
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11
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Stockholder Communications with the Board
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11
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Meetings and Committees of the Board
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11
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Board Committees
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11
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Nomination of Directors
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12
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Code of Ethics
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13
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Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
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13
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PROPOSAL NO. 2: RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
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14
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Review of the Company's Audited Financial Statements for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016
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14
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Fees Paid to Auditors
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14
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Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
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14
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REPORT OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
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PROPOSAL NO. 3: APPROVAL OF THE TONIX PHARMACEUTICALS HOLDING CORP. 2017 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
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Overview
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Best Practices
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Burn Rate Table
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Overhang Information
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17
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Summary of the 2017 Plan
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18
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Types of Awards
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New Plan Benefits under the 2017 Plan
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U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
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Required Vote
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PROPOSAL NO. 4: APPROVAL OF AN AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION TO INCREASE OUR AUTHORIZED SHARES OF COMMON STOCK FROM 15,000,000 TO 150,000,000
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Outstanding Shares and Purpose of the Proposal
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Rights of Additional Authorized Shares
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Potential Adverse Effects of Increase in Authorized Common Stock
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Required Vote
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PROPOSAL NO. 5: APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION TO INCREASE THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF THE BOARD
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Purpose of the Proposal
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Required Vote
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PROPOSAL NO. 6: APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION TO CLARIFY THAT, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY NEVADA LAW, OUR DIRECTORS OR OFFICERS SHALL NOT BE PERSONALLY LIABLE TO US OR OUR SHAREHOLDERS FOR DAMAGES FOR BREACH OF SUCH DIRECTOR’S OR OFFICER’S FIDUCIARY DUTY
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Purpose of the Proposal
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Required Vote
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PROPOSAL NO. 7: APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION TO CLARIFY THAT ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES IS REQUIRED IN CONNECTION WITH ANY INDEMNIFICATION CLAIM
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Purpose of the Proposal
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Required Vote
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INFORMATION ABOUT THE EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
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Executive Officers
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Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
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Compensation Philosophy and Practices
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Summary Compensation Table
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Grants of Plan-Based Awards in Fiscal 2016
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Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2016
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Option Exercises and Stock Vested
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Equity Compensation Plan Information
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Employment Contracts and Termination of Employment and Change-In-Control Arrangements
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Directors Compensation Table
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
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PROPOSALS OF SHAREHOLDERS FOR THE 2017 ANNUAL MEETING
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OTHER BUSINESS
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APPENDIX A – 2017 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
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A-1
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APPENDIX B – CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO INCREASE AUTHORIZED COMMON STOCK
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B-1
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APPENDIX C – CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO INCREASE MAXIMUM BOARD SIZE
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C-1
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APPENDIX D – CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO CLARIFY THAT OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, FOR BREACH OF FIDUCIARY DUTY
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D-1
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APPENDIX E – CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO CLARIFY ADVANCES OF EXPENSES
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E-1
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TONIX PHARMACEUTICALS HOLDING CORP.
509 Madison Avenue, Suite 306
New York, New York 10022
Telephone: (212) 980-9155
PROXY STATEMENT
FOR THE 2017 ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON [*],[*], 2017
INFORMATION CONCERNING THE ANNUAL MEETING
General
The enclosed proxy
is solicited by the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. (the “Company”),
for use at the Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders to be held at the offices of Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP
at 61 Broadway, 32
nd
Floor, New York, New York 10006 on [*], 2017, at 10:00 a.m. local time and at any adjournments
thereof. Whether or not you expect to attend the meeting in person, please vote your shares as promptly as possible to ensure that
your vote is counted. The proxy materials will be furnished to shareholders on or about [*], 2017.
Revocability of Proxy and Solicitation
Any shareholder executing
a proxy that is solicited hereby has the power to revoke it prior to the voting of the proxy. Revocation may be made by attending
the Annual Meeting and voting the shares of stock in person, or by delivering to the Secretary of the Company at the principal
office of the Company prior to the Annual Meeting a written notice of revocation or a later-dated, properly executed proxy. Solicitation
of proxies may be made by directors, officers and other employees of the Company by personal interview, telephone, facsimile transmittal
or electronic communications. No additional compensation will be paid for any such services. This solicitation of proxies is being
made by the Company which will bear all costs associated with the mailing of this proxy statement and the solicitation of proxies.
Record Date
Shareholders of record
at the close of business on April 24, 2017, will be entitled to receive notice of, attend and vote at the meeting.
Action to be Taken Under Proxy
Unless otherwise directed
by the giver of the proxy, the persons named in the form of proxy, namely, Seth Lederman, our Chief Executive Officer,
and Bradley Saenger, our Chief Financial Officer, or either one of them who acts, will vote:
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FOR the election of the eight director
nominees named in the Proxy Statement to hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders;
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FOR ratification of the appointment of
EisnerAmper LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2017;
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FOR approval of the Tonix Pharmaceuticals
Holding Corp. 2017 Stock Incentive Plan;
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FOR approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation,
as amended, to increase the Company’s authorized shares of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000;
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FOR approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation,
as amended, to increase the maximum size of the board of directors;
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FOR approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation,
as amended, to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable
to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such director’s or officer’s fiduciary duty;
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FOR approval of an amendment to the Company’s
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that advancement of expenses is required in connection with any indemnification
claim; and
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According to their discretion, on the
transaction of such other matters as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournment there.
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Should any nominee
named herein for election as a director become unavailable for any reason, it is intended that the persons named in the proxy will
vote for the election of such other person in his stead as may be designated by the Board. The Board is not aware of any reason
that might cause any nominee to be unavailable.
Who is Entitled to Vote; Vote Required; Quorum
As of April 24, 2017,
there were [*] shares of common stock issued and outstanding, which constitutes all of the outstanding capital stock of the Company. Shareholders
are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held by them. Except as specified disclosed herein, all share and per share
amounts contained in this proxy statement reflect the 1-for-10 reverse stock split the Company effected on March 17, 2017.
One-third (1/3) of
the outstanding shares, or [*] shares, present in person or represented by proxy, will constitute a quorum at the meeting. For
purposes of the quorum and the discussion below regarding the vote necessary to take shareholder action, shareholders of record
who are present at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy and who abstain, including brokers holding customers’ shares
of record who cause abstentions to be recorded at the meeting, are considered shareholders who are present and entitled to vote
and are counted towards the quorum.
Brokers holding shares
of record for customers generally are not entitled to vote on “non-routine” matters, unless they receive voting instructions
from their customers. As used herein, “uninstructed shares” means shares held by a broker who has not received such
instructions from its customers on a proposal. A “broker non-vote” occurs when a nominee holding uninstructed shares
for a beneficial owner does not vote on a particular proposal because the nominee does not have discretionary voting power with
respect to that non-routine matter. In connection with the treatment of abstentions and broker non-votes, the proposals at this
meeting to (i) elect directors, (ii) approve the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan, (iii) approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles
of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the maximum size of the board of directors, (iv) approve an amendment to the Company’s
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law, our directors or officers
shall not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such director’s or officer’s fiduciary
duty, and (v) approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that advancement of
expenses is required in connection with any indemnification claim, are considered “non-routine” matters, and brokers
are not entitled to vote uninstructed shares with respect to these proposals. Only the proposals to (i) ratify the appointment
of EisnerAmper LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm and (ii) approve an amendment to the Company’s
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the Company’s authorized shares of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000,
are routine matters that brokers are entitled to vote shares without receiving instructions.
Determination of whether
a matter specified in the Notice of Annual Meeting of Shareholders has been approved will be determined as follows:
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Those persons will be elected directors
who receive a plurality of the votes cast at the Meeting in person or by proxy and entitled to vote on the election. Accordingly,
abstentions or directions to withhold authority will have no effect on the outcome of the vote;
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The affirmative vote of the holders of
a majority of the total outstanding shares as of the record date is necessary to approve the proposals to amend the Articles of
Incorporation to (i) increase the number of authorized shares of common stock, (ii) increase the maximum size of the board of directors,
(iii) clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable to
us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such director’s or officer’s fiduciary duty, and (iv) clarify that
advancement of expenses is required in connection with any indemnification claim. Accordingly, abstentions and broker non-votes
with respect to any such matter will have the effect of a vote against such matter; and
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For each other matter specified in the Notice of Annual Meeting of
Shareholders, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of common stock cast at the meeting in person or by proxy on such
matter is required for approval. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be considered present but will not be counted as votes cast
and, therefore, will have no effect on the outcome of the matter.
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Directions to withhold
authority to vote for directors, abstentions and broker non-votes will be counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum
is present for the Meeting.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THESE PROXY
MATERIALS AND VOTING
Why am I receiving these materials?
We have sent you these
proxy materials because the Board of
Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.
(sometimes referred to as the “
Company
,” “
Tonix
,”
“
we
” or “
us
”) is soliciting your proxy to vote at the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. According
to our records, you were a shareholder of the Company as of the end of business on April 24, 2017.
You are invited to
attend the Annual Meeting to vote on the proposals described in this proxy statement. However, you do not need to attend
the meeting to vote your shares. Instead, you may simply complete, sign and return the enclosed proxy card.
The Company intends
to mail these proxy materials on or about
[*], 2017
to all shareholders of record on
April 24, 2017
(the “
Record
Date
”) entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting.
What is included in these materials?
These materials include:
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this proxy statement for the Annual Meeting;
and
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the Company’s annual report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, as filed with the SEC on April 13, 2017.
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What is the proxy card?
The proxy card enables
you to appoint Seth Lederman, our Chief Executive Officer, and Bradley Saenger, our Chief Financial Officer, as your representative
at the Annual Meeting. By completing and returning a proxy card, you are authorizing these individuals to vote your shares at the
Annual Meeting in accordance with your instructions on the proxy card. This way, your shares will be voted whether or not you attend
the Annual Meeting.
When and where is the 2017 Annual Meeting
being held?
The 2017 Annual Meeting will be held on [*],[*], 2017 commencing at 10:00 a.m., local time, at the offices of Sichenzia Ross Ference
Kesner LLP at 61 Broadway, 32
nd
Floor, New York, New York 10006.
Can I view these proxy materials over
the Internet?
Yes. The
Notice of Meeting, this Proxy Statement and accompanying proxy card and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2016 are available at
http://viewproxy.com/tonixpharma/2017
/
.
Who can vote at the Annual Meeting?
Only shareholders of
record at the close of business on April 24, 2017 will be entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. On this record date, there
were [*] shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote.
The 2017 Annual Meeting
will begin promptly at 10:00 a.m., local time. Check-in will begin one-half hour prior to the meeting. Please
allow ample time for the check-in procedures.
Shareholder of Record: Shares Registered
in Your Name
If on April 24, 2017
your shares were registered directly in your name with Tonix’s transfer agent, VStock Transfer, LLC, then you are a shareholder
of record. As a shareholder of record, you may vote in person at the meeting or vote by proxy. Whether or not you plan
to attend the meeting, we urge you to fill out and return the enclosed proxy.
Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered
in the Name of a Broker or Bank
If on April 24, 2017,
your shares were held in an account at a brokerage firm, bank, dealer, or other similar organization, rather than in your name,
then you are the beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” and these proxy materials are being forwarded to
you by that organization. The organization holding your account is considered to be the shareholder of record for purposes
of voting at the Annual Meeting. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker or other agent regarding how to
vote the shares in your account. You are also invited to attend the 2017 Annual Meeting. However, since you are not
the shareholder of record, you may not vote your shares in person at the meeting unless you request and obtain a valid proxy from
your broker or other agent.
What am I voting on?
The following matters
are scheduled for a vote:
1. To
elect the eight director nominees named in the Proxy Statement to hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders;
2. To
ratify the appointment of EisnerAmper LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year
ending December 31, 2017;
3. To
approve the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. 2017 Stock Incentive
Plan;
4. To
approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the Company’s authorized shares
of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000;
5. To
approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the maximum size of the board of
directors;
6. To
approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted
by Nevada law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such
director’s or officer’s fiduciary duty;
7. To
approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that advancement of expenses is required
in connection with any indemnification claim; and
8. To
act on such other matters as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournment there.
The Board is not currently
aware of any other business that will be brought before the 2017 Annual Meeting.
How do I vote?
You may vote “
For
”
all the nominees to the Board, you may “
Withhold
” your vote for all nominees or you may vote “
For
”
all nominees except for any nominee(s) you specify. For the other matters to be voted on, you may vote “
For
”
or “
Against
” or abstain from voting. The procedures for voting are fairly simple:
Shareholder of Record: Shares Registered
in Your Name
If you are a shareholder
of record as of the Record Date, you may vote in person at the 2017 Annual Meeting or vote by proxy using the enclosed proxy card. Whether
or not you plan to attend the meeting, we urge you to vote by proxy to ensure your vote is counted. You may still attend
the meeting and vote in person even if you have already voted by proxy.
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To vote in person, come to the Annual
Meeting and we will give you a ballot when you arrive. You should be prepared to present photo identification for admittance.
A list of shareholders eligible to vote at the Annual Meeting will be available for inspection at the 2017 Annual Meeting and for
a period of ten days prior to the Annual Meeting during regular business hours at our principal executive offices, which are located
at 509 Madison Avenue, Suite 306, New York, New York 10022.
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To vote using the proxy card, simply complete,
sign and date the enclosed proxy card and return it promptly in the envelope provided. If you return your completed and signed
proxy card to us before the Annual Meeting, we will vote your shares as you direct.
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Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered
in the Name of Broker or Bank
If you are a beneficial
owner of shares registered in the name of your broker, bank, or other agent, you should have received voting instructions with
these proxy materials from that organization rather than from us.
Simply complete and mail your voting instructions
as directed by your broker or bank to ensure that your vote is counted.
Alternatively, you may be able to vote by
telephone or over the Internet by following instructions provided by your broker or bank. To vote in person at the Annual
Meeting, you must obtain a valid proxy from your broker, bank, or other agent. Follow the instructions from your broker or
bank included with these proxy materials, or contact your broker or bank to request a proxy form.
How many votes do I have?
On each matter to be
voted upon, you have one vote for each share of common stock you own as of the Record Date.
What is a quorum for purposes of conducting
the 2017 Annual Meeting?
The presence, in person
or by proxy, of the holders of one-third (1/3
rd
) of the issued and outstanding common stock, or [*] shares, entitled
to vote at the meeting is necessary to constitute a quorum to transact business. If a quorum is not present or represented at the
Annual Meeting, the shareholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or by proxy, may adjourn the Annual Meeting from time
to time without notice or other announcement until a quorum is present or represented.
What if I return a proxy card but do
not make specific choices?
If you return a signed
and dated proxy card without marking any voting selections, your shares will be voted “
FOR
” the election of
each of the eight (8) nominees for director, “
FOR
” the ratification of EisnerAmper LLP as independent registered
public accountants of the Company for its fiscal year ending December 31, 2017, “
FOR
” approval of the Tonix
Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. 2017 Stock Incentive Plan; “
FOR
” approval of an amendment to the Company’s
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the Company’s authorized shares of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000;
“
FOR
” approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the
maximum size of the board of directors; “
FOR
” approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation,
as amended, to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable
to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such director’s or officer’s fiduciary duty; “
FOR
”
approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that advancement of expenses
is required in connection with any indemnification claim; and “
FOR
” approval of any adjournment of the 2017
Annual Meeting, if necessary or appropriate, to transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting and all adjournments
and postponements thereof; and if any other matter is properly presented at the meeting, your proxy holder (one of the individuals
named on your proxy card) will vote your shares using his best judgment.
How does the Board recommend that I
vote?
Our Board recommends
that you vote your shares “
FOR
” the election of each of the eight (8) nominees for director, “
FOR
”
the ratification of EisnerAmper LLP as independent registered public accountants of the Company for its fiscal year ending December
31, 2017, “
FOR
” approval of the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. 2017 Stock Incentive Plan; “
FOR
”
approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the Company’s authorized
shares of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000; “
FOR
” approval of an amendment to the Company’s
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the maximum size of the board of directors; “
FOR
” approval
of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted
by Nevada law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such
director’s or officer’s fiduciary duty; and “
FOR
” approval of an amendment to the Company’s
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that advancement of expenses is required in connection with any indemnification
claim. Unless you provide other instructions on your proxy card, the persons named as proxy holders on the proxy card
will vote in accordance with the recommendations of the Board as set forth in this Proxy Statement.
Who is paying for this proxy solicitation?
We will bear the cost
of solicitation of proxies. Proxies may be solicited by mail or personally by our directors, officers or employees, none of whom
will receive additional compensation for such solicitation. We have retained Alliance Advisors, LLC to assist in the solicitation
of proxies at an estimated cost of approximately $6,000, plus reasonable expenses. Those holding shares as of record for the benefit
of others, or nominee holders, are being asked to distribute proxy soliciting materials to, and request voting instructions from,
the beneficial owners of such shares. We will reimburse nominee holders for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses.
What does it mean if I receive more
than one set of proxy materials?
If you receive more
than one set of proxy materials, your shares may be registered in more than one name or in different accounts.
Please
complete, sign and return
each
proxy card to ensure that all of your shares are voted.
I share the same address with another
Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. shareholder. Why has our household only received one set of proxy materials?
The SEC’s rules
permit us to deliver a single set of proxy materials to one address shared by two or more of our shareholders. This practice, known
as “householding,” is intended to reduce the Company’s printing and postage costs. We have delivered only one
set of proxy materials to shareholders who hold their shares through a bank, broker or other holder of record and share a single
address, unless we received contrary instructions from any shareholder at that address. However, any such street name holder residing
at the same address who wishes to receive a separate copy of the proxy materials may make such a request by contacting the bank,
broker or other holder of record, or Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. at (800) 542-1061 or in writing at Broadridge, Householding
Department, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717. Street name holders residing at the same address who would like to request householding
of Company materials may do so by contacting the bank, broker or other holder of record or Broadridge at the phone number or address
listed above.
Can I change my vote after submitting
my proxy?
Yes.
You can revoke your proxy at any time before the final vote at the meeting.
If you are the record holder of your
shares, you may revoke your proxy in any one of three ways:
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You may submit another properly completed
proxy card with a later date;
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You may send a timely written notice that
you are revoking your proxy to the Company at 509 Madison Avenue, Suite 306, New York, New York 10022, Attn: Chief Financial
Officer; or
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You may attend the Annual Meeting and
vote in person.
Simply attending the meeting will not, by itself, revoke your proxy.
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If your shares are
held by your broker or bank as a nominee or agent, you should follow the instructions provided by your broker or bank.
What are “broker non-votes”?
Broker non-votes occur
when a beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” does not give instructions to the broker or nominee holding
the shares as to how to vote on matters deemed “non-routine.” Generally, if shares are held in street name,
the beneficial owner of the shares is entitled to give voting instructions to the broker or nominee holding the shares.
If the beneficial owner does not provide voting instructions, the broker or nominee can still vote the shares with respect to matters
that are considered to be “routine,” but not with respect to “non-routine” matters. Under the
rules and interpretations of the New York Stock Exchange, “non-routine” matters include director elections (whether
contested or uncontested) and matters involving a contest or a matter that may substantially affect the rights or privileges of
shareholders.
In connection with
the treatment of abstentions and broker non-votes, the proposals at this meeting to (i) elect directors, (ii) approve the 2017
Stock Incentive Plan, (iii) approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the
maximum size of the board of directors, (iv) approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended,
to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable to us
or our shareholders for damages for breach of such director’s or officer’s fiduciary duty, and (v) approve an amendment
to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that advancement of expenses is required in connection
with any indemnification claim, are considered “non-routine” matters, and brokers are not entitled to vote uninstructed
shares with respect to these proposals. Only the proposals to (i) ratify the appointment of EisnerAmper LLP as the Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm and (ii) approve an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as
amended, to increase the Company’s authorized shares of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000, are routine matters
that brokers are entitled to vote shares without receiving instructions.
Our election of directors
(Proposal No. 1), approval of the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (Proposal No. 3), approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles
of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the maximum size of the board of directors (Proposal No. 5), approval of an amendment
to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law, our
directors or officers shall not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such director’s
or officer’s fiduciary duty (Proposal No. 6), and approval of an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation,
as amended, to clarify that advancement of expenses is required in connection with any indemnification claim (Proposal No. 7) are
considered to be “non-routine” matters and as a result, brokers or nominees cannot vote your shares on these proposals
in the absence of your direction.
How are votes counted?
Votes will be counted by the inspector of
elections appointed for the meeting, who will separately count “
For
,” “
Withhold
” and “
Against
”
votes, abstentions and broker non-votes. Abstentions and broker non-votes will not be counted as votes with respect
to any matter, but may have the effect of a vote against certain matters to come before the meeting, as described elsewhere in
this Proxy.
How many votes are needed to approve
each proposal?
For the election of
directors, the eight (8) nominees receiving the most “
For
” votes at the meeting in person or by proxy will be
elected. The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the total outstanding shares as of the record date is
necessary to approve the proposals to amend the Articles of Incorporation to (i) increase the number of authorized shares of common
stock, (ii) increase the maximum size of the board of directors, (iii) clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada
law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such director’s
or officer’s fiduciary duty, and (iv) clarify that advancement of expenses is required in connection with any indemnification
claim. Approval of all other matters requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast on the applicable matter at
the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy.
Is my vote kept confidential?
Proxy instructions,
ballots and voting tabulations that identify individual shareholders are handled in a manner that protects your voting privacy.
Your vote will not be disclosed either within the Company or to third parties, except:
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as necessary to meet applicable legal
requirements;
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to allow for the tabulation and certification
of votes; and
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to facilitate a successful proxy solicitation.
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Occasionally, shareholders
provide written comments on their proxy cards, which may be forwarded to the Company’s management and the Board.
How can I find out the results of the
voting at the Annual Meeting?
Preliminary voting
results will be announced at the Annual Meeting.
Final voting results will be discussed in a Form 8-K filed after
the Annual Meeting.
Who can help answer my questions?
If you need assistance with voting or have
questions regarding the Annual Meeting, please contact:
Alliance Advisors, LLC
200 Broadacres Drive, 3rd Floor
Bloomfield, NJ 07003
888-991-1293
PROPOSAL NO. 1
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
Information about the Nominees
At the Annual Meeting,
the shareholders will elect eight directors to serve until the next annual meeting of Shareholders or until their respective successors
are elected and qualified. In the event any nominee is unable or unwilling to serve as a director at the time of the Annual Meeting,
the proxies may be voted for the balance of those nominees named and for any substitute nominee designated by the present Board
or the proxy holders to fill such vacancy, or for the balance of the nominees named without nomination of a substitute, or the
size of the Board may be reduced in accordance with the Bylaws of the Company. The Board has no reason to believe that any of the
persons named below will be unable or unwilling to serve as a nominee or as a director if elected.
Assuming a quorum is
present, the eight nominees receiving the highest number of affirmative votes of shares entitled to be voted for them will be elected
as directors of the Company for the ensuing year. Unless marked otherwise, proxies received will be voted "FOR" the election
of each of the eight nominees named below. In the event that additional persons are nominated for election as directors, the proxy
holders intend to vote all proxies received by them in such a manner as will ensure the election of as many of the nominees listed
below as possible, and, in such event, the specific nominees to be voted for will be determined by the proxy holders. All of the
director nominees currently serve as directors.
NAME
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AGE
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CURRENT POSITION
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Seth Lederman
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59
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President, CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors
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Stuart Davidson
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60
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Director
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Patrick Grace
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61
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Director
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Donald W. Landry
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62
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Director
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Ernest Mario
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78
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Director
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Charles E. Mather IV
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57
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Director
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John Rhodes
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60
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Lead Director
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Samuel Saks
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62
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Director
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The following information
with respect to the principal occupation or employment of each nominee for director, the principal business of the corporation
or other organization in which such occupation or employment is carried on, and such nominee's business experience during the past
five years, as well as the specific experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills that have led the Board to determine that
such Board members should serve on our Board, has been furnished to the Company by the respective director nominees:
Seth Lederman,
MD
became our President, Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board and a Director in October 2011. Dr. Lederman
founded Tonix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Tonix Sub”) in June of 2007 and has
acted as its Chairman of the Board of Directors since its inception and as President since June 2010. Dr. Lederman is an inventor
on key patents and patent applications underlying our programs including: TNX-102 SL’s eutectic composition; TNX-102 SL’s
pharmacokinetic profile and related therapeutic properties, and TNX-102 SL for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Dr. Lederman
has been the Chairman of Krele since its inception in August 2010. Dr. Lederman has also been the President and a director of Tonix
Pharmaceuticals (Canada), Inc. since its inception in April 2013, a director of Tonix Pharmaceuticals (Barbados), Ltd. from December
2013 until it was dissolved in 2015. Lederman served as a director of Tonix Pharma Limited between December 2014 and September
2015 and Tonix Pharma Holdings Limited between December 2014 and November 2015. Since 1996, Dr. Lederman served as an Associate
Professor at Columbia University, and retired on April 13, 2017. As an Assistant Professor at Columbia, Dr. Lederman discovered
and characterized the CD40-ligand and invented therapeutic candidates to treat autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. Dr.
Lederman has been a Manager of L&L Technologies LLC, or L&L, since 1996. In addition, Dr. Lederman has been the Managing
Member of Seth Lederman Co, LLC since January 2007 and the Managing Member of Lederman & Co, LLC, or Lederman & Co, since
2002, both of which are biopharmaceutical consulting and investing companies. Dr. Lederman has also been the Managing Member of
Targent Pharmaceuticals, LLC, or Targent, since 2000, and Managing Member of Plumbline LLC since 2002. Targent was a founder of
Targent Pharmaceuticals Inc. on which Board of Directors Dr. Lederman served from inception in 2001 until the sale of its assets
to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals Inc. in 2006. Between January 2007 and November 2008, Dr. Lederman was a Managing Partner of Konanda
Pharma Partners, LLC, a Director of Konanda Pharma Fund I, LP, and a Managing Partner of Konanda General Partner, LLC, which were
related private growth equity fund entities. As well, between January 2007 and November 2008, Dr. Lederman was Chairman of Validus
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Fontus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., which were portfolio companies of the Konanda private growth equity funds.
Since December 2011, Dr. Lederman has served as CEO and Chairman of Leder Laboratories Inc., or Leder Labs, and Starling Pharmaceuticals
Inc., or Starling, which are biopharmaceutical development companies. Since March 2013, Dr. Lederman has been the chairman of Leder
Laboratories, Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Leder Laboratories Inc. In 2015, Dr. Lederman served as a member of the US –
Japan Business Council. Between 2006 and 2011, Dr. Lederman was a director of Research Corporation, a New York-based non-profit
organization. Dr. Lederman received his BA degree in Chemistry from Princeton University in 1979 and his MD from Columbia University
in 1983. Dr. Lederman has been a New York State licensed physician since 1985. Dr. Lederman’s significant experience with
our patent portfolio and his experience as an entrepreneur, seed capital investor, fund manager, and director of start-up biopharmaceutical
companies were instrumental in his selection as a member of the Board.
Bradley Saenger,
CPA
became our Chief Financial Officer in February 2016. Mr. Saenger has worked for Tonix since May 2014, as the Director
of Accounting (May 2014 – December 2015) and VP of Accounting (January 2016 – February 2016). Between June 2013 and
March 2014, Mr. Saenger worked for Shire Pharmaceuticals as a consultant in the financial analyst research and development group.
Since November 2015, Mr. Saenger has been a director of Tonix Pharma Holdings Limited. Between February 2013 and May 2013, Mr.
Saenger worked for Stewart Health Care System as a financial consultant. Between October 2011 and December 2012, Mr. Saenger was
an Associate Director of Accounting at Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Between January 2005 and September 2011, Mr. Saenger worked
for Alere Inc., as a Manager of Corporate Accounting and Consolidations (2007 – 2011) and Manager of Financial Reporting
(2005 – 2006). Mr. Saenger also worked for PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Shifren Hirsowitz, public accountants and auditors
in Johannesburg, South Africa, Investec Bank in Johannesburg, South Africa and Norman Sifris and Company, public accountants and
auditors in Johannesburg, South Africa. Mr. Saenger received his Bachelor’s and Honors’ degrees in Accounting Science
from the University of South Africa. Mr. Saenger is a Chartered Accountant in South Africa and a Certified Public Accountant in
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Gregory Sullivan,
MD
became our Chief Medical Officer on June 3, 2014. Prior to that date, he served on our Scientific Advisory
Board since October 2010, and had also provided
ad hoc
consulting services. Previously, Dr. Sullivan had been
a member of the faculty of Columbia University since July 1999, where he served as an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry in the
Department of Psychiatry at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) until June 2014. Between June 1997 and August 2014, Dr. Sullivan
maintained a part-time psychiatry practice. He served as a Research Scientist at the New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI)
from December 2006 to June 2014. He also served as a member of the Institutional Review Board of the NYSPI from January 2009 to
June 2014. As Principal Investigator and Co-Investigator on several human studies of PTSD, Dr. Sullivan has administered the recruitment,
biological assessments, treatment, and safety of participants with PTSD in clinical trials of the disorder. He has published more
than 50 articles and chapters on research topics ranging from stress and anxiety disorders to abnormal serotonin receptor expression
in depression, PTSD and panic disorder. He is a recipient of grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the Anxiety
Disorders Association of America, NARSAD, the Dana Foundation, and the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. Dr. Sullivan
received a BA in Biology from the University of California, Berkeley, and received his MD from the College of Physicians &
Surgeons at Columbia University. He completed his residency training in psychiatry at CUMC, and then a two-year NIMH-sponsored
research fellowship in anxiety and affective disorders before joining the faculty at Columbia.
Stuart Davidson
became
a Director in October 2011. Between July 2010 and October 2011, Mr. Davidson served as a director of Tonix Sub. Since 2011, Mr.
Davidson has been a Managing Director of Sonen Capital. Since 1994, Mr. Davidson has been a Managing Partner of Labrador Ventures.
Prior to Labrador, Mr. Davidson founded and served as CEO of Combion, Inc., which was acquired by Incyte. He also served as President
of Alkermes, Inc., a biotechnology company focused on drug delivery. Mr. Davidson received his Bachelor’s Degree from Harvard
College in 1978 and his MBA from Harvard Business School in 1984. Mr. Davidson’s prior experience as a venture capital investor,
entrepreneur, and biotechnology industry executive experience in the leadership of pharmaceutical companies was instrumental in
his selection as a member of our Board.
Patrick Grace
became
a Director in October 2011. Between June 2007 and October 2011, Mr. Grace served as a director of Tonix Sub. Mr. Grace was the
co-founder of and served as the Managing Partner of Apollo Philanthropy Partners, L.L.C. from October 2008 until October 2012.
He has also been President of MLP Capital, Inc., an investment holding company, since 1996. Mr. Grace served in various senior
management roles with W. R. Grace & Co. from 1977 to 1995, and was last President and CEO of Grace Logistics Services,
Inc. From January 2002 to August 2002, Mr. Grace was also President and Chief Executive Officer of Kingdom Group, LLC (“Kingdom”),
a provider of turnkey compressed natural gas fueling systems, and he was Executive Vice President of Kingdom from August 1999 to
December 2000. Since 1996, he has been a director of Chemed Corporation. Mr. Grace was a liberal arts major at the University of
Notre Dame and earned a MBA in finance from Columbia University. Mr. Grace’s extensive executive experience, along with his
membership on the board of directors of a public company, was instrumental in his selection as a member of our Board.
Donald W. Landry,
MD, PhD
became a Director in October 2011. Between June 2007 and October 2011, Dr. Landry served as a director of
Tonix Sub. Dr. Landry has been a member of the faculty of Columbia University since 1986, and has served as the Samuel Bard Professor
of Medicine, Chair of the Department of Medicine and Physician-in-Chief at New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University since
2008. Since November 2015, he has been a director of Sensient Technologies Corp. Dr. Landry was a co-founder and has been a member
of L&L since 1996. Dr. Landry received his BS degree in Chemistry from Lafayette College in 1975, his PhD in Organic Chemistry
from Harvard University in 1979 and his M.D. from Columbia University in 1983. Dr. Landry has been a New York State licensed physician
since 1985. In 2008, Dr. Landry was awarded the Presidential Citizens Medal, the second-highest award that the President can confer
upon a civilian. Dr. Landry’s significant medical and scientific background was instrumental in his selection as a member
of the Board.
Ernest Mario,
PhD
became a Director in October 2011. Between September 2010 and October 2011, Dr. Mario served as a director of
Tonix Sub. Dr. Mario is a former Deputy Chairman and Chief Executive of Glaxo Holdings plc and a former Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of ALZA Corporation. Since April 2014, Dr. Mario has served as Chairman of Capnia, Inc., a specialty pharmaceutical company
in Palo Alto, CA. Between August 2007 and February 2014, Dr. Mario served as the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
of Capnia, Inc. and between February 2014 and April 2014, Dr. Mario served as Executive Chairman. From 2003 to 2007,
he was Chairman and Chief Executive of Reliant Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Dr. Mario is currently a director of Capnia Inc. (since 2007),
Celgene Corp. (since 2007) and Chimerix, Inc. (since February 2013). Dr. Mario is also Chairman of Chimerix. Dr. Mario served as
a director of Boston Scientific Corp. (2001 – 2016), Kindred Biosciences, Inc. (2013 – 2016), VIVUS Inc. (2012 –
2013), XenoPort Inc. (2012 – 2015), and Maxygen Inc. (2001 – 2013). He serves as an advisor to The Ernest Mario School
of Pharmacy at Rutgers University. In 2007, Dr. Mario was awarded the Remington Medal by the American Pharmacists’ Association,
pharmacy’s highest honor. Dr. Mario received a PhD and an MS in physical sciences from the University of Rhode Island and
a BS in pharmacy from Rutgers University. Dr. Mario brings to his service as a director his significant executive leadership experience,
including his experience leading several pharmaceutical companies, as well as his membership on public company boards and foundations.
He also has extensive experience in financial and operations management, risk oversight, and quality and business strategy.
Charles E. Mather
IV
became a Director in October 2011. Between April and October 2011, Mr. Mather served as a director of Tonix Sub.
Mr. Mather has been a Managing Director of Equity Capital Markets at BTIG since March 2015. From December 2009 to February 2015
he was the Head of Private and Alternative Capital and Co-Head of Equity Capital Markets at Janney Montgomery Scott. Between May
2007 and September 2008, Mr. Mather was the head of the Structured Equity Group at Jefferies Group Inc. Prior to that, Mr. Mather
held various senior investment banking positions at Cowen and Company, including as Co-Head of the Private Equity Group. Since
July 2015, Mr. Mather has served as a director of the Finance Company of Pennsylvania. Mr. Mather received a BA in History from
Brown University and an MBA in Finance from The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. Mr. Mather’s extensive experience
advising life science companies as an investment banker was instrumental in his selection as a member of our Board.
John Rhodes
became
a Director in October 2011 and Lead Director in February 2014. Mr. Rhodes has served as President and CEO of the New York State
Energy Research and Development Authority since September 2013. Between October 2010 and October 2011, Mr. Rhodes served as a director
of Tonix Sub. Between 2005 and 2013, Mr. Rhodes was a director of Dewey Electronics Company, a manufacturer of electronic and electromechanical
systems for the military and commercial markets. Between January 2013 and September 2013, he served as director of the Center for
Market Innovation at Natural Resources Defense Council. Between April 2007 and June 2010, Mr. Rhodes was a Senior Advisor to Good
Energies, Inc., a renewable energy company. Mr. Rhodes is a former Vice President of Booz Allen Hamilton, Inc. Mr. Rhodes is a
graduate of Princeton University and the Yale School of Management. Mr. Rhodes’ extensive business and consulting experience,
along with his membership on the board of directors of a public company was instrumental in his selection as a member of our Board.
Samuel Saks,
MD
became a Director in May 2012. Between 2003 and April 2009, Dr. Saks was the chief executive officer and a director
of Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a publicly-held biopharmaceutical company, which he co-founded in 2003. From April 2011 until February
2012, Dr. Saks served as interim Chief Medical Officer of Threshold Pharmaceuticals, a publicly-held biopharmaceutical company.
Between November 2013 and May 2015, Dr. Saks served as the Chief Development Officer of Auspex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a publicly-held
biopharmaceutical company. From 2001 until 2003, Dr. Saks was company group chairman of ALZA Corporation and a member of the Johnson
& Johnson Pharmaceuticals Operating Committee. From 1992 until 2001, Dr. Saks held various positions at ALZA, including Chief
Medical Officer and Group Vice President, where he was responsible for clinical, regulatory and commercial activities. Previously,
Dr. Saks held clinical research and development management positions with Schering-Plough, Xoma and Genentech. Dr. Saks formerly
served as a scientific advisor to ArQule Pharmaceuticals, CMEA Ventures and ProQuest Investments. Dr. Saks is currently a director
of Velocity Pharmaceutical Development LLC (since 2011), Bullet Biotechnology, Inc. (since 2012), NuMedii (since 2013) and PDL
BioPharma, Inc. (since September 2015). Dr. Saks served as a director of Depomed, Inc. (2012 – 2017), Auspex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (2009 – 2015), Trubion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (2005 – 2010), Corixa Corporation, Coulter Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
and Sirna Therapeutics Inc. (formerly, Ribozyme Pharmaceuticals, Inc.). Dr. Saks is board certified in oncology and received a
B.S. and an M.D. from the University of Illinois. Mr. Saks’ extensive scientific and medical expertise and experience in
formulating partnering and business development strategies, including those involving larger pharmaceutical companies, was instrumental
in his selection as a member of our Board.
Directors serve until
the next annual meeting of shareholders or until their successors are elected and qualified. Officers serve at the discretion of
the Board.
Board Independence
The Board has determined
that (i) Seth Lederman, has a relationship which, in the opinion of the Board, would interfere with the exercise of independent
judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director and is not an “independent director” as defined in the
Marketplace Rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market and (ii) Stuart Davidson, Patrick Grace, Donald Landry, Ernest Mario, Charles Mather,
John Rhodes and Samuel Saks are each an independent director as defined in the Marketplace Rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market.
Board Leadership Structure
Our CEO also serves
as the chairman of the Board. An independent director serves as the Board’s lead director. This structure allows one
person to speak for and lead both the Company and the Board, while also providing for effective independent board oversight
through an independent lead director. Having Dr. Lederman, our CEO, serve as Chairman creates clear and unambiguous authority,
which is essential to effective management. Our Board and management can respond more effectively to a clearer line of authority.
By designating our CEO as its Chairman, our Board also sends as an important signal to our employees and shareholders about who
is accountable. Further, since Dr. Lederman is the founder of our Company and is an inventor on key patents and patent applications
underlying our programs, we believe that Dr. Lederman is best-positioned to set our Board’s agenda and provide leadership.
We have established
the position of lead director, which is filled by Mr. Rhodes. The lead director has the following responsibilities, as detailed
in the Lead Director charter, adopted by the Board (and also performs any other functions the Board may request):
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Board leadership
— provides
leadership to the Board in any situation where the chairman’s role may be, or may be perceived to be, in conflict,
and also chairs meetings when the chairman is absent;
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Leadership of independent director
meetings
— leads independent director meetings, which take place without any management directors or Tonix
employees present;
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Additional meetings
—
calls additional independent director meetings as needed;
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Chairman-independent director liaison
—
regularly meets with the chairman and serves as liaison between the chairman and the independent directors;
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Stockholder communications
—
makes himself available for direct communication with our stockholders;
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Board agenda, schedule & information
—
works with the chairman regarding meeting agendas, meeting schedules and information sent to directors for Board meetings,
including the quality, quantity, appropriateness and timeliness of such information; and
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Advisors and consultants
—
recommends to the Board the retention of outside advisors and consultants who report directly to the Board on Board-wide issues.
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Board Role in Risk Oversight
Risk is an integral
part of the Board and Board committee deliberations throughout the year. While the Board has the ultimate oversight responsibility
for the risk management process, various committees of the Board also have responsibility for risk management. In particular, the
Audit Committee focuses on financial risk, including internal controls, and receives financial risk assessment reports from management.
Risks related to the compensation programs are reviewed by the Compensation Committee. The Board is advised by these committees
of significant risks and management’s response through periodic updates.
Stockholder Communications with the
Board
The Company’s
stockholders may communicate with the Board, including non-executive directors or officers, by sending written communications addressed
to such person or persons in care of Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp., Attention: Secretary, 509 Madison Avenue, Suite 306,
New York, New York 10022. All communications will be compiled by the Secretary and submitted to the addressee. If the Board modifies
this process, the revised process will be posted on the Company’s website.
Meetings and Committees of the Board
During the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2016, the Board held 13 meetings, the Audit Committee held six meetings, the Compensation Committee held four
meetings and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee held three meetings. The Board and Board committees also approved
certain actions by unanimous written consent.
Board Committees
The Board has standing
Audit, Compensation, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees. Information concerning the membership and function of
each committee is as follows:
Board Committee Membership
Name
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Audit
Committee
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Compensation Committee
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Nominating and
Corporate Governance
Committee
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Seth Lederman
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Stuart Davidson
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**
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Patrick Grace
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**
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*
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Donald W. Landry
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Ernest Mario
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*
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Charles E. Mather IV
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*
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*
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John Rhodes
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*
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**
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Samuel Saks
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*
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* Member of Committee
** Chairman of Committee
Audit Committee
Our Audit Committee
consists of Patrick Grace, Charles Mather and John Rhodes, with Mr. Grace elected as Chairman of the Committee. Our Board has determined
that each of Messrs. Grace, Mather and Rhodes are “independent” as that term is defined under applicable SEC rules
and under the current listing standards of the NASDAQ Stock Market. Mr. Grace is our audit committee financial expert.
Our Audit Committee’s
responsibilities include: (i) reviewing the independence, qualifications, services, fees, and performance of the independent auditors,
(ii) appointing, replacing and discharging the independent auditor, (iii) pre-approving the professional services provided by the
independent auditor, (iv) reviewing the scope of the annual audit and reports and recommendations submitted by the independent
auditor, and (v) reviewing our financial reporting and accounting policies, including any significant changes, with management
and the independent auditor. The Audit Committee reviewed and discussed with management the Company’s audited financial statements
for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Compensation Committee
Our Compensation Committee
consists of Stuart Davidson, Ernest Mario and Samuel Saks, with Mr. Davidson elected as Chairman of the Committee. Our Board has
determined that all of the members are “independent” under the current listing standards of the NASDAQ Stock Market.
Our Board has adopted a written charter setting forth the authority and responsibilities of the Compensation Committee.
Our Compensation Committee has responsibility for, among other
things, evaluating and making decisions regarding the compensation of our executive officers, assuring that the executive officers
are compensated effectively in a manner consistent with our stated compensation strategy, producing an annual report on executive
compensation in accordance with the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC and periodically evaluating and administering
the terms and administration of our incentive plans and benefit programs. In addition, our Compensation Committee reviews and makes
recommendations to the Board regarding incentive compensation plans that require shareholder approval, director compensation, the
Company’s compensation discussion and analysis (“CD&A”) and the related executive compensation information
for inclusion in the Company’s 10-K and proxy statement, and employment and severance agreements relating to the chief executive
officer.
Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee
Our Nominating and
Corporate Governance Committee consists of Patrick Grace, Charles Mather and John Rhodes, with Mr. Rhodes elected as Chairman of
the Committee. The Board has determined that all of the members are “independent” under the current listing standards
of the NASDAQ Stock Market.
Our Nominating and
Corporate Governance Committee has responsibility for assisting the Board in, among other things, effecting the organization, membership
and function of the Board and its committees. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee shall identify and evaluate the
qualifications of all candidates for nomination for election as directors. In addition, the Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee is responsible for developing, recommending and evaluating corporate governance standards and a code of business conduct
and ethics.
Nomination of Directors
As provided in its
charter and our Company’s corporate governance principles, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is responsible
for identifying individuals qualified to become directors. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee seeks to identify
director candidates based on input provided by a number of sources, including (1) the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
members, (2) our other directors, (3) our shareholders, (4) our Chief Executive Officer or Chairman, and (5) third parties such
as professional search firms. In evaluating potential candidates for director, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
considers the entirety of each candidate’s credentials.
Qualifications for
consideration as a director nominee may vary according to the particular areas of expertise being sought as a complement to the
existing composition of the Board. However, at a minimum, candidates for director must possess:
|
·
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high personal and professional ethics and integrity;
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·
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the ability to exercise sound judgment;
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|
·
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the ability to make independent analytical inquiries;
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|
·
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a willingness and ability to devote adequate time and resources to diligently perform Board and committee duties; and
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·
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the appropriate and relevant business experience and acumen.
|
In addition to these
minimum qualifications, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also takes into account when considering whether to nominate
a potential director candidate the following factors:
|
·
|
whether the person possesses specific industry expertise and familiarity with general issues affecting our business;
|
|
·
|
whether the person’s nomination and election would enable the Board to have a member that qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as such term is defined by the SEC in Item 401 of Regulation S-K;
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·
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whether the person would qualify as an “independent” director under the listing standards of the Nasdaq Stock Market;
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·
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the importance of continuity of the existing composition of the Board to provide long term stability and experienced oversight; and
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·
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the importance of diversified Board membership, in terms of both the individuals involved and their various experiences and areas of expertise.
|
The Nominating and
Corporate Governance Committee will consider director candidates recommended by shareholders provided such recommendations are
submitted in accordance with the procedures set forth below. In order to provide for an orderly and informed review and selection
process for director candidates, the Board has determined that shareholders who wish to recommend director candidates for consideration
by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee must comply with the following:
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·
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The recommendation must be made in writing to the Corporate Secretary at Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.;
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|
·
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The recommendation must include the candidate's name, home and business contact information, detailed biographical data and qualifications, information regarding any relationships between the candidate and the Company within the last three years and evidence of the recommending person's ownership of the Company’s common stock;
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|
·
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The recommendation shall also contain a statement from the recommending shareholder in support of the candidate; professional references, particularly within the context of those relevant to board membership, including issues of character, judgment, diversity, age, independence, expertise, corporate experience, length of service, other commitments and the like; and personal references; and
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·
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A statement from the shareholder nominee indicating that such nominee wants to serve on the Board and could be considered "independent" under the Rules and Regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market and the SEC, as in effect at that time.
|
All candidates submitted
by shareholders will be evaluated by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee according to the criteria discussed above
and in the same manner as all other director candidates.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies
to all of our directors, officers and employees.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, requires our directors, executive officers and holders of more than 10% of our
common stock to file with the SEC reports regarding their ownership and changes in ownership of our securities. We believe that,
during fiscal 2016, our directors, executive officers and 10% stockholders complied with all Section 16(a) filing requirements.
The proxy holders intend
to vote the shares represented by proxies for all of the Board's nominees, except to the extent authority to vote for the nominees
is withheld.
The Board unanimously recommends a vote
“FOR” each of its nominees
PROPOSAL NO. 2
RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF OUR INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Audit Committee
has appointed the firm of EisnerAmper LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company for the year ending
December 31, 2017, subject to ratification of the appointment by the Company's shareholders. A representative of EisnerAmper LLP
is expected to attend the Annual Meeting to respond to appropriate questions and will have an opportunity to make a statement if
he or she so desires.
Review of the Company's Audited Financial
Statements for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016
The Audit Committee
met and held discussions with management and the independent auditors. Management represented to the Audit Committee that the Company's
consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States,
and the Audit Committee reviewed and discussed the consolidated financial statements with management and the independent auditors.
The Audit Committee also discussed with the independent auditors the matters required to be discussed by Statement on Auditing
Standards No. 114 (Codification of Statements on Auditing Standards, AU 380), as amended.
In addition, the Audit
Committee discussed with the independent auditors the auditors' independence from the Company and its management, and the independent
auditors provided to the Audit Committee the written disclosures and letter required by the Independence Standards Board Standard
No. 1 (Independence Discussions With Audit Committees).
The Audit Committee
discussed with the Company's independent auditors the overall scope and plans for their respective audits. The Audit Committee
met with the independent auditors, with and without management present, to discuss the results of their examinations and the overall
quality of the Company's internal controls and financial reporting.
Based on the reviews
and discussions referred to above, the Audit Committee approved the audited financial statements be included in the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, for filing with the SEC.
Fees Paid to Auditors
Audit Fees
The aggregate fees
billed by our independent registered public accounting firm, for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial
statements for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, including review of our interim financial statements as well as registration
statement filings with the SEC and comfort letters issued to underwriters were $346,138 and $253,271, respectively.
Audit-Related Fees
We did not incur fees
to our independent registered public accounting firm for audit related fees during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and
2015.
Tax and Other Fees
We incurred fees to
our independent auditors for tax services during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 of $9,400 in each year.
Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
Consistent with SEC
policies and guidelines regarding audit independence, the Audit Committee is responsible for the pre-approval of all audit and
permissible non-audit services provided by our principal accountants on a case-by-case basis. Our Audit Committee has established
a policy regarding approval of all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by our principal accountants. Our Audit Committee
pre-approves these services by category and service. Our Audit Committee has pre-approved all of the services provided by our principal
accountants.
The Board unanimously recommends a vote
“FOR” the election of EisnerAmper LLP
as the Company’s independent registered
public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2017
REPORT OF
THE AUDIT COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The
Audit Committee of the Board of Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. has furnished the following report on its activities during
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. The report is not deemed to be “soliciting material” or “filed”
with the SEC or subject to the SEC’s proxy rules or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and the report
shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any prior or subsequent filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the “Securities Act”), or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. specifically
incorporates it by reference into any such filing.
The Audit Committee
oversees the financial reporting process on behalf of the Board. Management has the primary responsibility for the financial reporting
process, principles and internal controls as well as preparation of our financial statements. For the fiscal year ended December
31, 2016, the members of the Audit Committee were Mr. Grace (Committee Chair), Mr. Mather and Mr. Rhodes, each of whom is an independent
director as defined by the applicable NASDAQ and SEC rules.
In
fulfilling its responsibilities, the Audit Committee appointed independent auditors EisnerAmper LLP for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2016. The Audit Committee reviewed and discussed with the independent auditors the overall scope and specific plans for their
audit. The Audit Committee also reviewed and discussed with the independent auditors and with management the Company’s audited
financial statements and the adequacy of its internal controls. The Audit Committee met with the independent auditors, without
management present, to discuss the results of our independent auditor’s audits, their evaluations of the Company’s
internal controls and the overall quality of the Company’s financial reporting.
The
Audit Committee monitored the independence and performance of the independent auditors. The Audit Committee discussed with the
independent auditors the matters required to be discussed by Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) Auditing
Standard No. 1301—Communications with Audit Committees. The Company’s independent auditors have provided the Audit
Committee with the written disclosures and the letter required by applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding the independent
auditors’ communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and the Audit Committee has discussed with the
independent auditor the independent auditor’s independence. Based upon the review and discussions referred to above, the
Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the audited financial statements be included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, for filing with the SEC.
Mr. Patrick Grace, Committee
Chair
Mr. Charles E. Mather IV
Mr. John Rhodes
PROPOSAL NO. 3
APPROVAL OF THE
TONIX PHARMACEUTICALS HOLDING CORP.
2017 STOCK INCENTIVE
PLAN
Overview
On
April 11, 2017, the Board adopted, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.
2017 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), subject to and effective upon shareholder approval at the annual meeting.
We are asking our shareholders to approve the 2017 Plan in order to permit the Company to use the 2017 Plan to achieve the Company's
performance, recruiting, retention and incentive goals.
The
2017 Plan includes a variety of forms of awards, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted
stock units, cash awards and dividend equivalents to allow the Company to adapt its incentive compensation program to meet the
needs of the Company in the changing business environment in which the Company operates.
We
strongly believe that the approval of the 2017 Plan is essential to our continued success. As a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical
company with limited cash focused on funding our development programs, we believe that equity, in particular stock option awards,
is an important and significant component of our employees’ compensation. The Board and management further believe that
equity awards motivate high levels of performance, align the interests of our employees and shareholders by giving directors,
employees and consultants the perspective of an owner with an equity stake in the Company, and provide an effective means of recognizing
their contributions to the success of the Company.
As
of March 31, 2017, 122,596 shares were available for grant under our only active, outstanding equity compensation plan, our 2016
Stock Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). No shares are available for grant under the 2012 Amended and Restated Incentive
Stock Option Plan and the 2014 Stock Incentive Plan (together with the 2016 Plan, the “Prior Plans”). If our stockholders
do not approve this proposal, we may be unable to use equity compensation to the extent needed to make our compensation packages
competitive and to motivate our employees and we could be required to increase cash compensation to attract, retain and motivate
our employees, which may compromise funding of our development programs. The Board and management believe that equity awards are
necessary to remain competitive in our industry and are essential to recruiting and retaining the highly qualified employees who
help the Company meet its goals. The Board and management believe that the ability to grant equity awards will be important to
the future success of the Company and is in the best interests of the Company's shareholders.
Our
gross average share usage rate, sometimes referred to as burn rate, over the three years ended December 31, 2016 (calculated as
equity-based awards granted under our equity compensation plan for the relevant year, divided by weighted average basic common
shares outstanding for that year) is approximately 5.0%. We expect that the proposed share reserve under the 2017 Plan will be
sufficient for awards for two or more years. Expectations regarding future share usage could be impacted by a number of factors
such as: hiring and promotion activity at the executive level; the rate at which shares are returned to the 2017 Plan reserve
upon awards’ expiration, forfeiture or cash settlement; the future performance of our stock price; and other factors. While
we believe that the assumptions we used are reasonable, future share usage may differ from current expectations.
The
potential dilution resulting from issuing all of the proposed 1.28 million shares under the 2017 Plan, when combined with shares
subject to outstanding awards under the Prior Plans as of March 31, 2017, would be 18.1% on a fully-diluted basis.
If
approved, the 2017 Plan will serve as the successor to our Prior Plans. Assuming shareholders approve the 2017 Plan, the 2017
Plan will be effective as the date of the annual meeting and the Prior Plans will terminate on that date (except with respect
to awards previously granted under the Prior Plans that remain outstanding) and no further awards will be granted under the Prior
Plans. If the 2017 Plan is not approved, we will continue to make grants under the Prior Plans until all shares available thereunder
have been issued or the Prior Plans expire.
We
are seeking stockholder approval of the 2017 Plan in order to satisfy certain legal requirements, including requirements of The
NASDAQ Stock Market and to make awards under it eligible for beneficial tax treatment. In addition, the Board regards stockholder
approval of the 2017 Plan as desirable and consistent with good corporate governance practices.
Best Practices
We have designed the
2017 Plan to include a number of provisions that we believe promote best practices by reinforcing the alignment between equity
compensation arrangements for directors, employees and consultants and shareholders’ interests. These provisions include,
but are not limited to, the following:
2017 Plan Provision
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Description of Best Practice
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● No Liberal Share Recycling
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●
Shares will not be recycled for issuance as awards under the 2017 Plan in the following circumstances: shares delivered as a result of the net settlement of an outstanding SAR or stock option; shares used to pay the exercise price or withholding taxes related to an outstanding award; or shares repurchased on the open market with the proceeds of a stock option exercise price.
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● No Repricing without Shareholder Approval
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●
Except in case of certain corporate events, the Company cannot reduce the exercise price of stock options and SARs or buyout for cash underwater options and SARs without the approval of its shareholders.
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● No “liberal” Change of Control Definition; No Automatic Single Trigger Acceleration
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●
The definition of change of control in the 2017 Plan is not “liberal” and, for example, would not occur merely upon shareholder approval of a transaction. A change of control must actually occur in order for the Change of Control provisions in the 2017 Plan to be triggered. In addition, the 2017 Plan does not provide for automatic “single-trigger” acceleration on a change of control transaction.
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● Minimum Vesting Requirement Applicable to All Awards
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●
All awards will vest no earlier than one year from the date of grant (except with respect to a maximum of 5% of the shares under the 2017 Plan).
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● Restrictions on Dividends and Dividend Equivalents
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● The 2017 Plan prohibits participants from receiving dividends or dividend equivalents before the underlying award vests and does not permit dividends or dividend equivalents to be paid on stock options or SARs.
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● Limits on Individual Director Awards per Year
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● $350,000 in total value, either in cash, shares of stock or a combination of cash and stock, provided, however, that in extraordinary circumstances, that limit can be increased to $500,000.
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● Clawback Provision
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● Includes language subjecting awards to recovery pursuant to any law, government regulation, stock exchange listing requirement including the SEC clawback rules or Company policy.
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Burn Rate Table
The following table
sets forth information relating to stock options and full value awards granted in 2016, 2015 and 2014:
Fiscal Year
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Stock
Options
Granted
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Full Value
Awards
Granted
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Weighted-Average
Common Shares
Outstanding
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2016
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69,800
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|
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11,250
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2,521,016
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2015
|
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51,324
|
|
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4,200
|
|
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1,679,106
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2014
|
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85,030
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|
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0
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998,552
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For additional reference
the following table sets forth information relating to stock options and full value awards granted in 2016, 2015 and 2014, on a
pre-split basis.
Fiscal Year
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Stock
Options
Granted
(Pre-Split)
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Full Value
Awards
Granted
(Pre-Split)
|
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Weighted-Average
Common Shares
Outstanding
(Pre-Split)
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2016
|
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698,000
|
|
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112,500
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|
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25,210,160
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2015
|
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513,243
|
|
|
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42,000
|
|
|
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16,791,059
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2014
|
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850,300
|
|
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0
|
|
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9,985,515
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Overhang Information
The following table
sets forth certain information as of March 31, 2017, unless otherwise noted, with respect to the Company’s existing equity
compensation plans. The information is shown on a pre- and post-split basis to account for the Company’s 1-for-10 reverse
stock split.
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Pre-Split Basis
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Post-Split Basis
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Number of shares no longer available for issuance as of March 31, 2017 under the 2016 Plan if stockholders approve the 2017 Plan
|
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1,225,960
|
|
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122,596
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Proposed number of shares under the 2017 Plan
|
|
|
12,800,000
|
|
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1,280,000
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Stock options outstanding
|
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3,074,260
|
|
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307,426
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Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding stock options
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|
$
|
6.62
|
|
|
$
|
66.20
|
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Weighted-average remaining term of outstanding stock options
|
|
|
8.26 years
|
|
|
|
8.26 years
|
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Total full value awards outstanding
|
|
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56,250
|
|
|
|
5,625
|
|
Basic common shares outstanding as of the record date
|
|
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[*]
|
|
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[*]
|
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Summary of the 2017 Plan
The following is a
description of the principal terms of the 2017 Plan. The summary is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the 2017 Plan,
which is attached as Appendix A to this Proxy Statement.
General.
The
2017 Plan would authorize the grant to eligible individuals of (1) stock options (incentive and nonstatutory), (2) restricted stock,
(3) stock appreciation rights, or SARs, (4) restricted stock units, (5) other stock-based awards, and (6) cash-based awards.
Stock Subject to
the 2017 Plan.
Subject to equitable adjustments for certain corporate events, the maximum number of shares of our
common stock that may be issued under the 2017 Plan is 1,280,000 shares, which amount will be (a) reduced by awards granted under
the Prior Plans after March 31, 2017, and (b) increased to the extent that awards granted under the 2017 Plan or the Prior
Plans are forfeited, expire or are settled for cash (except as otherwise provided in the 2017 Plan). In terms of calculating how
many shares are reduced or increased based on activity under the Prior Plans after March 31, 2017, the calculation shall be based
on one share for every one share that was subject to an option or SAR and 1.15 shares for every one share that was subject to an
award other than an option or SAR.
Substitute awards
(awards made or shares issued by the Company in assumption of, or in substitution or exchange for, awards previously granted, or
the right or obligation to make future awards, in each case by a company acquired by the Company or any Company subsidiary or with
which the Company or any subsidiary combines) will not reduce the shares authorized for grant under the 2017 Plan, nor will shares
subject to a substitute award be added to the shares available for issuance or transfer under the 2017 Plan.
No Liberal Share
Recycling.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, any and all stock that is (i) withheld or tendered in payment of an option
exercise price; (ii) withheld by the Company or tendered by the grantee to satisfy any tax withholding obligation with respect
to any award; (iii) covered by a SAR that it is settled in stock, without regard to the number of shares of stock that are actually
issued to the grantee upon exercise; or (iv) reacquired by the Company on the open market or otherwise using cash proceeds from
the exercise of options, shall not be added to the maximum number of shares of stock that may be issued under the Plan.
Limits per Participant.
With respect to awards intended to qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code
(the “Code”), the 2017 Plan provides that, subject to adjustment as provided in the plan, no participant may, in any
fiscal year (i) be granted options and SARs with respect to more than 750,000 shares of our common stock, (ii) earn more than 500,000
shares of our common stock under awards (other than options and SARs) that are denoted in shares, or (iii) earn more than $5,000,000
under awards that are denominated in cash.
In applying the foregoing
limits, (a) all awards of the specified type granted to the same participant in the same fiscal year will be aggregated and made
subject to one limit; (b) the limits applicable to options and SARs refer to the number of shares of stock subject to those awards;
(c) the share limit under clause (ii) refers to the maximum number of shares of stock that may be delivered under an Award or Awards
of the type specified in clause (ii) assuming a maximum payout; (d) the dollar limit under clause (iii) refers to the maximum dollar
amount payable under an award or awards of the type specified in clause (iii) assuming a maximum payout, (e) the respective limits
for Awards of the type specified in clause (ii) and clause (iii) are only applicable to awards that are intended to comply with
the performance-based exception under Section 162(m) of the Code, (f) if the Compensation Committee determines to settle a full-value
award specified in clause (ii) in cash, the maximum aggregate amount of cash that may be paid pursuant to such awards to any participant
in a fiscal year shall be equal to the per share fair market value as of the relevant payment or settlement date multiplied by
the number of shares set forth in clause (ii), and (g) each of the specified limits in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) is multiplied
by two (2) for awards granted to a participant in the year employment commences.
In addition, the maximum
number of shares of stock subject to awards granted during a single fiscal year to any non-employee director, taken together with
any cash fees paid to such non-employee director during the fiscal year, shall not exceed $350,000 in total value (calculating
the value of any such awards based on the grant date fair value of such awards for financial reporting purposes); provided, that
the Board may make exceptions to this limit for individual non-employee directors in extraordinary circumstances as the Board may
determine in its sole discretion, so long as the aggregate limit does not exceed $500,000 in total value during a fiscal year.
Eligibility.
Employees
of, and consultants to, our Company or its affiliates and members of our Board are eligible to receive equity awards under the
Plan. Only our employees, and employees of our parent and subsidiary corporations, if any, are eligible to receive Incentive Stock
Options. Employees, directors (including non-employee directors) and consultants of or for our Company and its affiliates are eligible
to receive Nonstatutory Stock Options, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units and any other form of award the Plan authorizes.
As of March 31, 2017, 18 employees, approximately 100 consultants and seven non-employee directors of the Company and its subsidiaries
were eligible to receive awards under the 2016 Plan. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, 31 employees and seven directors
received awards under our 2014 Plan and/or 2016 Plan.
Purpose.
The
purpose of the Plan is to promote the interests of the Company and its stockholders by providing executive officers, employees,
non-employee directors, and key advisors of the Company and its defined subsidiaries with appropriate incentives and rewards
to encourage them to enter into and remain in their positions with the Company and to acquire a proprietary interest in the long-term
success of the Company, as well as to reward the performance of these individuals in fulfilling their personal responsibilities
for long-range and annual achievements.
Administration.
Unless
otherwise determined by the Board, the Compensation Committee administers the 2017 Plan. The Compensation Committee is composed
solely of “non-employee directors” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended (the “Exchange Act”), “outside directors” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code,
and “independent directors” within the meaning of NASDAQ listing standards. The Compensation Committee has the power,
in its discretion, to grant awards under the 2017 Plan, to select the individuals to whom awards are granted, to determine the
terms of the grants, to interpret the provisions of the 2017 Plan and to otherwise administer the 2017 Plan. Except as prohibited
by applicable law or stock exchange rules, the Compensation Committee may delegate all or any of its responsibilities and powers
under the 2017 Plan to one or more of its members, including, without limitation, the power to designate participants and determine
the amount, timing and term of awards under the 2017 Plan.
The 2017 Plan provides
that members of the Compensation Committee shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company from any loss or expense
resulting from claims and litigation arising from actions related to the 2017 Plan.
Term.
If approved, the 2017 Plan is effective [*], 2017 and awards may be granted through [*], 2027. No awards may be granted under the
2017 Plan subsequent to that date. The Board may suspend or terminate the 2017 Plan without stockholder approval or ratification
at any time or from time to time.
Amendments.
Subject to the terms of the 2017 Plan, the Compensation Committee as administrator has the sole discretion to interpret the provisions
of the 2017 Plan and outstanding awards. Our Board generally may amend or terminate the 2017 Plan at any time and for any reason,
except that no amendment, suspension, or termination may impair the rights of any participant without his or her consent, and except
that approval of our shareholders is required for any amendment which:
|
·
|
Increases
the number of shares of Common Stock subject to the 2017 Plan (other than in the context of equitable adjustments);
|
|
·
|
Decreases
the price at which grants may be granted;
|
|
·
|
Reprices
existing options or SARs; or
|
|
·
|
Changes
the class of persons eligible to receive grants under the 2017 Plan.
|
Repricing
Prohibition.
Other than in connection with certain corporate events, the Compensation Committee shall not, without the approval
of the Company’s stockholders, (a) lower the option price per share of an option or SAR after it is granted, (b) cancel an
Option or SAR when the exercise price per share exceeds the fair market value of one share in exchange for cash or another award
(other than in connection with a change of control), or (c) take any other action with respect to an Option or SAR that would be
treated as a repricing under the rules and regulations of the principal U.S. national securities exchange on which the Company’s
shares are then listed.
Minimum Vesting
Requirement.
Notwithstanding any other provision of the 2017 Plan to the contrary and subject to the immediately following
proviso, equity-based awards granted under the 2017 Plan shall vest no earlier than the first anniversary of the date the award
is granted; provided, however, that the Committee may grant awards without regard to the foregoing minimum vesting requirement
with respect to a maximum of five percent (5%) of the available shares authorized for issuance under the 2017 Plan. For the avoidance
of doubt, this minimum vesting requirement shall not be construed to limit the Committee’s discretion to provide for accelerated
exercisability or vesting of an award, including in cases of death, disability or a change of control.
Restrictions on
Dividends and Dividend Equivalents.
In no event will a participant be entitled to receive any dividends or dividend equivalents
payable with respect to unvested awards, if any, prior to the time that the underlying awards vest and no dividends or dividend
equivalents may be paid with respect to options or SARs prior to their exercise or settlement, as applicable.
Adjustments upon
Changes in Capitalization.
In the event of any merger, reorganization, consolidation, recapitalization, dividend or distribution
(whether in cash, shares or other property, other than a regular cash dividend), stock split, reverse stock split, spin-off or
similar transaction or other change in our corporate structure affecting our common stock or the value thereof, appropriate adjustments
to the 2017 Plan and awards will be made as the Board determines to be equitable or appropriate, including adjustments in the number
and class of shares of stock available for awards under the 2017 Plan, the number, class and exercise or grant price of shares
subject to awards outstanding under the 2017 Plan, and the limits on the number of awards that any person may receive.
Change of Control.
The Compensation Committee may, at the time an award is made or at any time prior to, coincident with or after the time of
a Change of Control (as defined in the 2017 Plan):
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Provide
for the adjustment of any performance goals as the Compensation Committee deems necessary or appropriate to reflect the Change
of Control;
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provide
for the cancellation of any awards then outstanding if the surviving entity or acquiring entity (or the surviving or acquiring
entity’s parent company) in the Change of Control replaces the awards with new rights of substantially equivalent value,
as determined by the Compensation Committee. For an award to be validly assumed by a successor for purpose of this section, it
must (x) provide such participant with rights and entitlements substantially equivalent to or better than the rights, terms and
conditions applicable under such award, including, but not limited to, an identical or better exercise or vesting schedules; (y)
have substantially equivalent value to such award (determined at the time of the Change of Control); and (z) be based on stock
that is traded on an established U.S. securities market or an established securities market outside the United Stated upon which
the participant could readily trade the stock without administrative burdens or complexities;
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provide
that upon an involuntary termination of a participant’s employment as a result of a Change of Control, any time periods
shall accelerate, and any other conditions relating to the vesting, exercise, payment or distribution of an award shall be waived;
or
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provide
that awards shall be purchased for an amount of cash equal to the amount that could have been obtained for the shares covered
by a restricted stock award if it had been vested and or by an option or SAR if it had been exercised at the time of the Change
of Control, provided however that awards outstanding as of the date of the Change of Control may be cancelled and terminated without
payment if the consideration payable with respect to one share of stock in connection with the Change of Control is less than
the exercise price or grant price applicable to such sward, as applicable.
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If the Change of Control
results in the involuntary termination of participant’s employment, outstanding awards will immediately vest, become fully
exercisable and may thereafter be exercised.
Generally, under the
2017 Plan, a Change of Control occurs upon (i) the consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation of our Company with
or into another entity, pursuant to which our stockholders immediately prior to the transaction do not own more than 50% of the
total combined voting power after the transaction, (ii) the consummation of the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially
all of our assets, (iii) certain changes in the majority of our Board from those in office on the effective date of the 2017 Plan,
(iv) the acquisition of more than 50% of the total combined voting power in our outstanding securities by any person, or (v) the
Company is dissolved or liquidated.
Types of Awards
Stock
Options.
Incentive Stock Options and Nonstatutory Stock Options are granted pursuant to award agreements adopted by our
Compensation Committee. Our Compensation Committee determines the exercise price for a stock option, within the terms and conditions
of the 2017 Plan; provided, that the exercise price of an Incentive Stock Option cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value
of our Common Stock on the date of grant. Options granted under the 2017 Plan vest at the rate specified by our Compensation Committee.
The
Compensation Committee determines the term of stock options granted under the 2017 Plan, up to a maximum of 10 years, except in
the case of certain Incentive Stock Options, as described below. The Compensation Committee will also determine the length of period
during which an optionholder may exercise their options if an optionholder’s relationship with us, or any of our affiliates,
ceases for any reason; for Incentive Stock Options, this period is limited by applicable law. The Compensation Committee may extend
the exercise period in the event that exercise of the option following termination of service is prohibited by applicable securities
laws. In no event, however, may an option be exercised beyond the expiration of its term unless the term is extended in accordance
with applicable law.
Acceptable
consideration for the purchase of Common Stock issued upon the exercise of a stock option will be determined by the Compensation
Committee and may include (a) cash or its equivalent, (b) delivering a properly executed notice of exercise of the option
to us and a broker, with irrevocable instructions to the broker promptly to deliver to us the amount necessary to pay the exercise
price of the option, (c) any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Compensation Committee or (d) any
combination of (a), (b) or (c).
Incentive
or Nonstatutory Stock Options.
Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to our employees, and the employees of our
parent or subsidiary corporations, if any. The Compensation Committee may grant awards of Incentive or Nonstatutory Stock Options
that are fully vested on the date made, to any of our employees, directors or consultants. Option Awards are granted pursuant to
award agreements adopted by our Compensation Committee. To the extent required by applicable law, the aggregate fair market value,
determined at the time of grant, of shares of our Common Stock with respect to Incentive Stock Options that are exercisable for
the first time by an optionholder during any calendar year may not exceed $100,000. To the extent required by applicable law, no
Incentive Stock Option may be granted to any person who, at the time of the grant, owns or is deemed to own stock possessing more
than 10% of our total combined voting power or that of any of our affiliates unless (a) the option exercise price is at least
110% of the fair market value of the stock subject to the option on the date of grant and (b) the term of the incentive stock
option does not exceed five years from the date of grant.
Stock
Appreciation Rights
. A SAR is the right to receive stock, cash, or other property equal in value to the difference between
the grant price of the SAR and the market price of the Company’s Common Stock on the exercise date. SARs may be granted independently
or in tandem with an Option at the time of grant of the related Option. An SAR granted in tandem with an Option shall be exercisable
only to the extent the underlying Option is exercisable. An SAR confers on the grantee a right to receive an amount with respect
to each share of Common Stock subject thereto, upon exercise thereof,
equal
to the excess of (A) the fair market value of one share of Common Stock on the date of exercise over (B) the grant price of the
SAR (which in the case of an SAR granted in tandem with an Option shall be equal to the exercise price of the underlying Option,
and which in the case of any other SAR shall be such price as the Compensation Committee may determine but in no event shall be
less than the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant of such SAR).
Restricted Stock
and Restricted Stock Units
. Restricted Stock is common stock that the Company grants subject to transfer restrictions and vesting
criteria. A Restricted Stock Unit is a right to receive stock or cash equal to the value of a share of stock at the end of a specified
period that the Company grants subject to transfer restrictions and vesting criteria. The grant of these awards under the 2017
Plan are subject to such terms, conditions and restrictions as the Compensation Committee determines consistent with the terms
of the 2017 Plan.
At the time of grant,
the Compensation Committee may place restrictions on Restricted Stock and restricted stock units that shall lapse, in whole or
in part, upon the passage of time and/or attainment of Performance Goals. Except to the extent restricted under the award agreement
relating to the Restricted Stock, a grantee granted Restricted Stock shall have all of the rights of a stockholder including the
right to vote Restricted Stock and the right to receive dividends.
Unless otherwise provided
in an award agreement, upon the vesting of a Restricted Stock Unit, there shall be delivered to the grantee, within 30 days of
the date on which such award (or any portion thereof) vests, the number of shares of common stock equal to the number of restricted
stock units becoming so vested.
Other
Stock-Based Awards.
The 2017 Plan also allows the Compensation Committee to grant “Other Stock-Based Awards,”
which means a right or other interest that may be denominated or payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise
based on, or related to, common stock. Subject to the limitations contained in the 2017 Plan, this includes, without limitation,
(i) unrestricted stock awarded as a bonus or upon the attainment of Performance Goals or otherwise as permitted under the
2017
Plan and (ii) a right to acquire stock from the Company containing terms and conditions prescribed
by the Compensation Committee. At the time of the grant of Other Stock-Based Awards, the Compensation Committee may place restrictions
on the payout or vesting of Other Stock-Based Awards that shall lapse, in whole or in part, upon the passage of time and/or attainment
of Performance Goals; provided that if the award is intended to
qualify as performance-based compensation under Section
162(m) of the Code
, the grant of the Award and the establishment of the Performance Goals
shall be made during the period required under Internal Section 162(m) of the Code. Other Stock-Based Awards may not be granted
with the right to receive dividend equivalent payments.
Cash-Based
Awards.
The Compensation Committee may grant Cash-Based Awards under the 2017 Plan that specify the amount of cash to
which the award pertains, the conditions under which the award will be vested and exercisable or payable, and such other conditions
as the Compensation Committee may determine that are consistent with the terms of the 2017 Plan. At the time of the grant of Cash-Based
Awards, the Compensation Committee may place restrictions on the payout or vesting of Cash-Based Awards that shall lapse, in whole
or in part, only upon the attainment of Performance Goals, similar to those for Other Stock-Based Awards.
Performance
Criteria
. With respect to awards intended to qualify as performance-based compensation under
Section 162(m) of
the Code
, a committee of “outside directors” (as defined in
Section 162(m)
of the Code
) with authority delegated by our
Board
will determine the terms and conditions of such awards, including the performance criteria. The performance goals for restricted
stock awards, restricted stock units, cash-based awards or other share-based awards shall be based on the attainment of specified
levels of one or any combination of the following:
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the attainment of certain target levels
of, or a specified percentage increase in, revenues, earnings, income before taxes and extraordinary items, net income, operating
income, earnings before or after deduction for all or any portion of income tax, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation
and amortization or a combination of any or all of the foregoing;
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the attainment of certain target levels
of, or a percentage increase in, after-tax or pre-tax profits including, without limitation, that attributable to continuing and/or
other operations;
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the attainment of certain target levels
of, or a specified increase in, operational cash flow;
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the achievement of a certain level of,
reduction of, or other specified objectives with regard to limiting the level of increase in, all or a portion of, the Company’s
bank debt or other long-term or short-term public or private debt or other similar financial obligations of the Company, which
may be calculated net of such cash balances and/or other offsets and adjustments as may be established by the Compensation Committee;
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earnings per share or the attainment of
a specified percentage increase in earnings per share or earnings per share from continuing operations;
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the attainment of certain target levels
of, or a specified increase in return on capital employed or return on invested capital;
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the attainment of certain target levels
of, or a percentage increase in, after-tax or pre-tax return on stockholders’ equity;
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the attainment of certain target levels
of, or a specified increase in, economic value added targets based on a cash flow return on investment formula;
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the attainment of certain target levels
in, or specified increases in, the fair market value of the shares of the Company’s common stock;
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the growth in the value of an investment
in the Company’s common stock;
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the attainment of a certain level of,
reduction of, or other specified objectives with regard to limiting the level in or increase in, all or a portion of controllable
expenses or costs or other expenses or costs;
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gross or net sales, revenue and growth
of sales revenue (either before or after cost of goods, selling and general administrative expenses, research and development expenses
and any other expenses or interest);
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total stockholder return;
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return on assets or net assets;
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operating profit or net operating profit;
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gross or net profit margin;
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cost reductions or savings;
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results of clinical trials;
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acceptance of a new drug application by
a regulatory body;
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regulatory body approval for commercialization
of a product;
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completion of out-licensing, in-licensing
or disposition of product candidates or other acquisition or disposition projects; and
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to the extent that an Award is not intended
to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code, other measures of performance selected by the Board.
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Performance goals that
are financial metrics, may be determined in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”)
or may be adjusted when established to include or exclude any items otherwise includable or excludable under GAAP.
The
performance goals may be based solely by reference to our performance or the performance of one or more of our subsidiaries, divisions,
business segments or business units, or based upon the relative performance of other companies or upon comparisons of any of the
indicators of performance relative to other companies. The authorized committee of outside directors may also exclude under the
terms of the performance awards, the impact of an event or occurrence that the committee determines should appropriately be excluded,
for the following items: (1) asset write-downs; (2) litigation or claim judgments or settlements; (3) the effect of changes in
tax laws, accounting principles, regulations, or other laws or regulations affecting reported results; (4) any reorganization and
restructuring programs, including discontinued operations; (5) acquisitions or divestitures; (6) unusual, infrequently occurring,
nonrecurring or extraordinary items identified in the Company’s audited financial statements, including footnotes; (7) any
reorganization or change in the corporate or capital structures of the Company; (8) foreign exchange gains and losses; (9) business
interruption events; (10) annual incentive payments or other bonuses; or (11) capital charges, provided such adjustment occurs
in writing not later than 90 days after the commencement of the period of service to which the performance goal relates (and in
no event later than the date that 25% of the period of service has elapsed).
In
connection with the approval of the 2017 Plan, the stockholders also are being asked to approve the above criteria for purposes
of Section 162(m) of the Code.
New Plan Benefits under the 2017 Plan
Because future awards
under the 2017 Plan will be granted in the discretion of the Compensation Committee, the type, number, recipients, and other terms
of such awards cannot be determined at this time.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
The
following is a brief description of the material United States federal income tax consequences associated with awards under
the 2017 Plan. It is based on existing United States laws and regulations, and there can be no assurance that those laws and
regulations will not change in the future. Tax consequences in other countries may vary. This information is not intended as tax
advice to anyone, including participants in the 2017 Plan.
Stock
Options
. Neither incentive stock option grants nor non-qualified stock option grants cause any tax consequences to the
participant or Tonix at the time of grant. Upon the exercise of a non-qualified stock option, the excess of the market value
of the shares acquired over their exercise price is ordinary income to the participant and is deductible by Tonix. The participant’s
tax basis for the shares is the market value thereof at the time of exercise. Any gain or loss realized upon a subsequent disposition
of the stock will generally constitute capital gain, in connection with which Tonix will not be entitled to a tax deduction.
Upon
the exercise of an incentive stock option, the participant will not realize taxable income, but the excess of the fair market value
of the stock over the exercise price may give rise to alternative minimum tax. When the stock acquired upon exercise of an incentive
stock option is subsequently sold, the participant will recognize income equal to the difference between the sales price and the
exercise price of the option. If the sale occurs after the expiration of two years from the grant date and one year from the exercise
date, the income will constitute long-term capital gain. If the sale occurs prior to that time, the participant will recognize
ordinary income to the extent of the lesser of the gain realized upon the sale or the difference between the fair market value
of the acquired stock at the time of exercise and the exercise price; any additional gain will constitute capital gain. Tonix will
be entitled to a deduction in an amount equal to the ordinary income recognized by the participant, but no deduction in connection with
any capital gain recognized by the participant. If the participant exercises an incentive stock option more than three months after
his or her termination of employment due to retirement or other separation other than death or disability, or more than twelve
months after his or her termination of employment due to death or permanent disability, he or she is deemed to have exercised a
non-qualified stock option.
Compensation
realized by participants on the exercise of non-qualified stock options or the disposition of shares acquired upon exercise
of any incentive stock options should qualify as performance-based compensation under the Code and thus not be subject to the $1,000,000
deductibility limit of Section 162(m) of the Code.
Stock
Appreciation Rights
. A participant granted a stock appreciation right under the 2017 Plan will not recognize income, and Tonix
will not be allowed a tax deduction, at the time the award is granted. When the participant exercises the stock appreciation right,
the amount of cash and the fair market value of any shares of stock or other consideration received will be ordinary income to
the participant and Tonix will be allowed a corresponding federal income tax deduction at that time. Compensation realized by the
participant on the exercise of the stock appreciation right should qualify as performance-based compensation under the Code and
thus not be subject to the $1,000,000 deductibility limit of Section 162(m) of the Code.
Restricted
Stock
. Restricted stock is not taxable to a participant at the time of grant, but instead is included in ordinary income (at
its then fair market value) when the restrictions lapse. A participant may elect, however, to recognize income at the time of grant,
in which case the fair market value of the restricted shares at the time of grant is included in ordinary income and there is no
further income recognition when the restrictions lapse. If a participant makes such an election and thereafter forfeits the
restricted shares, he or she will be entitled to no tax deduction, capital loss or other tax benefit. Tonix is entitled to
a tax deduction in an amount equal to the ordinary income recognized by the participant, subject to any applicable limitations
under Section 162(m) of the Code.
A
participant’s tax basis for restricted shares will be equal to the amount of ordinary income recognized by the participant.
The participant will recognize capital gain (or loss) on a sale of the restricted stock if the sale price exceeds (or is lower
than) such basis. The holding period for restricted shares for purposes of characterizing gain or loss on the sale of any shares
as long- or short-term commences at the time the participant recognizes ordinary income pursuant to an award. Tonix is not entitled
to a tax deduction corresponding to any capital gain or loss of the participant.
Restricted
Stock Units
. A participant will not recognize income, and Tonix will not be allowed a tax deduction, at the time a restricted
stock unit award is granted. Upon receipt of shares of stock (or the equivalent value in cash or any combination of cash and Tonix
common stock) in settlement of a restricted stock unit award, a participant will recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market
value of the stock and cash received as of that date (less any amount he or she paid for the stock and cash), and Tonix will be
allowed a corresponding federal income tax deduction at that time, subject to any applicable limitations under Section 162(m)
of the Code.
Performance
Awards
. A participant will not recognize income, and Tonix will not be allowed a tax deduction, at the time a performance award
is granted (for example, when the performance goals are established). Upon receipt of stock or cash (or a combination thereof)
in settlement of a performance award, the participant will recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of the stock
and cash received, and Tonix will be allowed a corresponding federal income tax deduction at that time, subject to any applicable
limitations under Section 162(m) of the Code.
Code
Section 409A
. If an award is subject to Code Section 409A (which relates to nonqualified deferred compensation
plans), and if the requirements of Section 409A are not met, the taxable events as described above could apply earlier than
described, and could result in the imposition of additional taxes and penalties. All awards that comply with the terms of the 2017
Plan, however, are intended to be exempt from the application of Code Section 409A or meet the requirements of Section 409A
in order to avoid such early taxation and penalties.
Tax
Withholding
. Tonix has the right to deduct or withhold, or require a participant to remit to Tonix, an amount sufficient
to satisfy federal, state and local taxes (including employment taxes) required by law to be withheld with respect to any exercise,
lapse of restriction or other taxable event arising as a result of the 2017 Plan. The Compensation Committee may, at the time
the award is granted or thereafter, require or permit that any such withholding requirement be satisfied, in whole or in
part, by delivery of, or withholding from the award, shares having a fair market value on the date of withholding equal to the
amount required to be withheld for tax purposes.
Required Vote
Approval
of the 2017 Plan requires the receipt of the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes cast at the Annual Meeting.
The Board unanimously recommends a vote
“FOR” the approval
of the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding
Corp. 2017 Stock Incentive Plan
PROPOSAL NO. 4
APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION TO INCREASE OUR AUTHORIZED SHARES OF COMMON STOCK FROM 15,000,000 TO 150,000,000
Our Board of Directors
has approved, subject to shareholder approval, an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to increase our authorized shares
of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000. The increase in our authorized shares of common stock will become effective upon
the filing of the amendment to our Articles of Amendment with the Nevada Secretary of State. If the amendment to increase our authorized
shares of common stock is approved by shareholders at the Annual Meeting, we intend to file the amendment to our Articles of Incorporation
as soon as practicable following the Annual Meeting.
The form of Articles
of Amendment to be filed with the Nevada Secretary of State is set forth as
Appendix B
to this proxy statement
(subject to any changes required by applicable law and provided that, since Proposal Nos. 4, 5, 6 and/or 7 will result in changes
to the Articles of Incorporation, the Company may file one or more amendments with the Nevada Secretary of State to effect multiple
approved proposals).
Outstanding Shares and Purpose of the
Proposal
Our Articles of Incorporation
currently authorizes us to issue a maximum of 15,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 5,000,000 shares
of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share. Our issued and outstanding securities, as of April 17, 2017, on a fully diluted
basis, are as follows:
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7,483,776
shares of common stock;
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731,194 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants outstanding;
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307,427 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options outstanding;
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122,596 shares of common stock reserved for future grants, awards and issuances under our current equity compensation plans;
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5,625 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units outstanding; and
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19,449 shares of common stock reserved for future purchases under our employee stock purchase plan.
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The approval of the
amendment to the articles of incorporation to increase the authorized shares of Common Stock is important for the ongoing business
of the Company. Without additional authorized shares of Common Stock, (i) the Company may not be able to raise additional
financing which is needed to fund our ongoing clinical and research programs, (ii) the Company may not be able to attract and retain
key employees, officers and directors, and (iii) the Company may not be able to make possible strategic acquisitions, although
no such acquisitions are currently contemplated.
The increase in the
number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be available for our Board to issue in future financings, to provide equity incentive
to employees, officers and directors, to make stock-based acquisitions and for other general corporate purposes, and we intend
to use the additional shares of Common Stock that will be available to undertake any such issuances. We have no specific plan,
commitment, arrangement, understanding or agreement, either oral or written, regarding the issuance of Common Stock subsequent
to this proposed increase in the number of authorized shares at this time, and we have not allocated any specific portion of the
proposed increase in the authorized number of shares to any particular purpose. The Company is therefore requesting its stockholders
approve this proposal to amend its Articles of Incorporation to increase the authorized shares of Common Stock.
Rights of Additional Authorized Shares
Any authorized shares
of Common Stock, if and when issued, would be part of our existing class of Common Stock and would have the same rights and privileges
as the shares of Common Stock currently outstanding. Our stockholders do not have pre-emptive rights with respect to the Common
Stock, nor do they have cumulative voting rights. Accordingly, should the Board issue additional shares of Common Stock, existing
stockholders would not have any preferential rights to purchase any of such shares, and their percentage ownership of our then
outstanding Common Stock could be reduced.
Potential Adverse Effects of Increase
in Authorized Common Stock
Future issuances of
Common Stock or securities convertible into Common Stock could have a dilutive effect on our earnings per share, book value per
share and the voting power and interest of current stockholders. We could also use the additional shares of common stock
that will become available for issuance to oppose a hostile takeover attempt or to delay or prevent changes in control or management
of the Company. For example, it may be possible for the Board of Directors to delay or impede a takeover or transfer of control
of the Company by causing such additional authorized shares to be issued to holders who might side with the Board of Directors
in opposing a takeover bid that the Board of Directors determines is not in the best interests of the Company or its stockholders.
The proposed increase in authorized shares of common stock therefore may have the effect of discouraging unsolicited takeover attempts.
By potentially discouraging initiation of any such unsolicited takeover attempts, the proposed increase in authorized shares of
common stock may limit the opportunity for the Company’s stockholders to dispose of their shares at the higher price generally
available in takeover attempts or that may be available under a merger proposal. The proposed increase in authorized shares
of common stock may have the effect of permitting the Company’s current management, including the current Board of Directors,
to retain its position, and place it in a better position to resist changes that stockholders may wish to make if they are dissatisfied
with the conduct of the Company’s business. The Board is not aware of any attempt, or contemplated attempt, to acquire
control of the Company, nor is this proposal being presented with the intent that it be used to prevent or discourage any acquisition
attempt. However, nothing would prevent the Board from taking any such actions that it deems to be consistent with its fiduciary
duties.
Required Vote
Approval
of an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to increase our authorized shares of common stock from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000
requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company's common stock.
The Board unanimously recommends a vote
“FOR” the approval
of an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation
to increase
our authorized shares of common stock
from 15,000,000 to 150,000,000.
PROPOSAL NO. 5
APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION TO INCREASE THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF THE BOARD
Our Board of Directors
has approved, subject to shareholder approval, an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to increase the maximum size of the
Board from nine directors to ten directors. The increase in the maximum size of the Board will become effective upon the filing
of the amendment to our Articles of Amendment with the Nevada Secretary of State. If the amendment to increase the maximum size
of the Board is approved by shareholders at the Annual Meeting, we intend to file the amendment to our Articles of Incorporation
as soon as practicable following the Annual Meeting.
The form of Articles
of Amendment to be filed with the Nevada Secretary of State is set forth as
Appendix C
to this proxy statement
(subject to any changes required by applicable law and provided that, since Proposal Nos. 4, 5, 6 and/or 7 will result in changes
to the Articles of Incorporation, the Company may file one or more amendments with the Nevada Secretary of State to effect multiple
approved proposals).
Purpose of the Proposal
The current Board consists
of eight directors, and there are no vacancies. All of our current Board members have served since at least 2012 and most have
served since at least 2010 (through our predecessor company). We appreciate the long-term stability and service of our directors,
but we also recognize that our directors all have numerous other time commitments, and we believe that the ability to add new Board
members now will ensure any future Board transitions. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is seeking to identify
and evaluate additional independent candidates. We believe that it is advisable to have the ability to expand the Board further,
to the proposed maximum of ten, to preserve the flexibility to add other directors if the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee’s
process identifies suitable independent candidates whose experience or skills add value to the Board at this time or, in the future,
in response to the increasing workload faced by the Board and independent Directors generally.
We continue to adapt
to changes in board practices and corporate governance requirements and norms, and these changes increase the demand placed on
independent directors. Independent directors, in particular, and boards, in general, are appropriately being asked to devote more
time and effort to their board duties. We believe in the value of having effective committees comprised solely of independent directors,
and we believe that creating the opportunity for independent directors to focus their time and efforts to those committee assignments
which interest them most would ultimately make the committees more effective. At the current size of the Board, three of six independent
directors that serve on our Board committees, including our Lead Director, serve on two of our three Board committees of our Board
of Directors. We have one director that we consider independent, but was a co-founder of Tonix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 10 years ago,
so Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. forever classifies him as not independent, therefore, that director does not serve on
any Board committees. If stockholders approve this proposal and if suitable candidates are identified, we may be able redistribute
committee assignments, with the goal of increasing the effectiveness of the committees.
For all of these reasons,
we believe that the Board of Directors should have the flexibility to increase its size beyond the current limit of nine directors.
We believe that a maximum of ten directors would adequately serve our needs for the foreseeable future, although, at present, the
Board does not have any particular plans to increase its size.
Required Vote
Approval
of an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to increase the maximum size of the Board from nine directors to ten directors
requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company's common stock.
The Board unanimously recommends a vote
“FOR” the approval
of an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation
to increase
the maximum size of the Board from nine
directors to ten directors.
PROPOSAL NO. 6
APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION TO CLARIFY THAT, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY NEVADA LAW, OUR DIRECTORS OR OFFICERS SHALL NOT BE PERSONALLY
LIABLE TO US OR OUR SHAREHOLDERS FOR DAMAGES FOR BREACH OF SUCH DIRECTOR’S OR OFFICER’S FIDUCIARY DUTY
Our Board has approved,
subject to shareholder approval, an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted
by Nevada law, our directors or officers shall not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such
director’s or officer’s fiduciary duty.
The current phrasing
in our Articles of Incorporation closely follows that which is typically used by Delaware corporations, and as such, could inadvertently
be interpreted as increasing the potential personal liability of our directors and officers beyond that which is prescribed under
the Nevada Revised Statutes. As such, we intend to replace the language in this section to ensure that the provision accomplishes
the original intent of limiting, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law, the liability of our officers and directors, for
breaches of fiduciary duty.
The form of Articles
of Amendment to be filed with the Nevada Secretary of State is set forth as
Appendix D
to this proxy statement
(subject to any changes required by applicable law and provided that, since Proposal Nos. 4, 5, 6 and/or 7 will result in changes
to the Articles of Incorporation, the Company may file one or more amendments with the Nevada Secretary of State to effect multiple
approved proposals).
Purpose of the Proposal
The competition to
attract and retain qualified persons to serve as directors and officers of a public company is significant. It is customary, and
expected, that public companies will limit liability, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, of directors and officers
for breaches of fiduciary duties. These limitations are not absolute however, as Nevada law prohibits a company from limiting liability
in certain situations involving a breach of fiduciary duty. For example, breaches of fiduciary duty involving intentional misconduct,
fraud or a knowing violation of law cannot be limited.
It has always been
our position that, just like other public companies, our directors and officers would not be liable for breaches of fiduciary duty,
except as required by law. In addition to the provision in our Articles of Incorporation, we have provisions in our by-laws that
similarly prohibit liability to us and our shareholders for such breaches, except as required by law. This amendment is meant to
clarify the current language to ensure that we are providing such limitations as permitted by law.
Required Vote
Approval
of an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to clarify that, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law, our directors
or officers shall not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for damages for breach of such director’s or officer’s
fiduciary duty requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company's
common stock.
The Board unanimously recommends a vote
“FOR” the approval
of an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation
to clarify that,
to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada
law, our directors or officers
shall not be personally liable to us
or our shareholders for damages
for breach of such director’s or
officer’s fiduciary duty.
PROPOSAL NO. 7
APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION TO CLARIFY THAT ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES IS REQUIRED IN CONNECTION WITH ANY INDEMNIFICATION CLAIM
Our Board has approved,
subject to shareholder approval, an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to clarify that advancement of expenses is required
in connection with any indemnification claim.
The current phrasing
in our Articles of Incorporation could inadvertently be interpreted as ambiguous with regard to requirements in connection with
the advancement of expenses in connection with any indemnification claim. As such, the proposed amendment is intended to revise
the language to resolve such potential ambiguity.
The form of Articles
of Amendment to be filed with the Nevada Secretary of State is set forth as
Appendix E
to this proxy statement
(subject to any changes required by applicable law and provided that, since Proposal Nos. 4, 5, 6 and/or 7 will result in changes
to the Articles of Incorporation, the Company may file one or more amendments with the Nevada Secretary of State to effect multiple
approved proposals).
Purpose of the Proposal
The competition to
attract and retain qualified persons to serve as directors and officers of a public company is significant. It is customary, and
expected, that public companies will indemnify directors and officers in connection with any threatened or filed action, suit,
proceeding or investigation that occurs as a result of such person serving as an officer or director. In connection with such indemnification,
companies customarily provide for an advancement of expenses in connection with such indemnification claims. As such claims can
often take years to be resolved, not providing for advancement of expenses could place an undue burden on our officers and directors
as a result of their service to our business. This amendment is meant to clarify the current language to avoid any ambiguity that
we will provide for advance of expenses in connection with an indemnification claim.
Required Vote
Approval
of an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to clarify that advancement of expenses is required in connection with any indemnification
claim requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company's common stock.
The Board unanimously recommends a vote
“FOR” the approval
of an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation
to clarify that
advancement of expenses is required in
connection with any indemnification claim.
INFORMATION ABOUT THE EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Executive Officers
The executive officers
are elected by our Board and hold office until their successors are elected and duly qualified. There are no family relationships
between any of our directors or executive officers. The current executive officers of the Company are as follows:
NAME
|
|
AGE
|
|
OFFICES HELD
|
Seth Lederman
|
|
59
|
|
President, CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors
|
Bradley Saenger
|
|
43
|
|
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
|
Gregory Sullivan
|
|
51
|
|
Chief Medical Officer and Secretary
|
Biographical information about Dr. Lederman
is provided in “Proposal No. 1 - Election of Directors”.
Bradley Saenger,
CPA
became our Chief Financial Officer in February 2016. Mr. Saenger has worked for Tonix since May 2014, as the Director
of Accounting (May 2014 – December 2015) and VP of Accounting (January 2016 – February 2016). Between June 2013 and
March 2014, Mr. Saenger worked for Shire Pharmaceuticals as a consultant in the financial analyst research and development group.
Since November 2015, Mr. Saenger has been a director of Tonix Pharma Holdings Limited. Between February 2013 and May 2013, Mr.
Saenger worked for Stewart Health Care System as a financial consultant. Between October 2011 and December 2012, Mr. Saenger was
an Associate Director of Accounting at Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Between January 2005 and September 2011, Mr. Saenger worked
for Alere Inc., as a Manager of Corporate Accounting and Consolidations (2007 – 2011) and Manager of Financial Reporting
(2005 – 2006). Mr. Saenger also worked for PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Shifren Hirsowitz, public accountants and auditors
in Johannesburg, South Africa, Investec Bank in Johannesburg, South Africa and Norman Sifris and Company, public accountants and
auditors in Johannesburg, South Africa. Mr. Saenger received his Bachelor’s and Honors’ degrees in Accounting Science
from the University of South Africa. Mr. Saenger is a Chartered Accountant in South Africa and a Certified Public Accountant in
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Gregory Sullivan,
MD
became our Chief Medical Officer on June 3, 2014 and our Secretary in March 2017. Prior to becoming our Chief Medical
Officer, he served on our Scientific Advisory Board since October 2010, and had also provided
ad hoc
consulting
services. Previously, Dr. Sullivan had been a member of the faculty of Columbia University since July 1999, where he served as
an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry in the Department of Psychiatry at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) until June 2014.
Between June 1997 and August 2014, Dr. Sullivan maintained a part-time psychiatry practice. He served as a Research Scientist at
the New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI) from December 2006 to June 2014. He also served as a member of the Institutional
Review Board of the NYSPI from January 2009 to June 2014. As Principal Investigator and Co-Investigator on several human studies
of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Dr. Sullivan has administered the recruitment, biological assessments, treatment, and
safety of participants with PTSD in clinical trials of the disorder. He has published more than 50 articles and chapters on research
topics ranging from stress and anxiety disorders to abnormal serotonin receptor expression in depression, PTSD and panic disorder.
He is a recipient of grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the Anxiety Disorders Association of America,
NARSAD, the Dana Foundation, and the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. Dr. Sullivan received a BA in Biology from the
University of California, Berkeley, and received his MD from the College of Physicians & Surgeons at Columbia University.
He completed his residency training in psychiatry at CUMC, and then a two-year NIMH-sponsored research fellowship in anxiety and
affective disorders before joining the faculty at Columbia.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
Our directors and executive
officers have not been involved in any of the following events during the past ten years:
|
1.
|
any bankruptcy petition filed by or against such person or any business of which such person was
a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the bankruptcy or within two years prior to that time;
|
|
2.
|
any conviction in a criminal proceeding or being subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding
traffic violations and other minor offenses);
|
|
3.
|
being subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated,
of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining him from or otherwise limiting his involvement in
any type of business, securities or banking activities or to be associated with any person practicing in banking or securities
activities;
|
|
4.
|
being found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action, the Securities and Exchange
Commission or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a Federal or state securities or commodities law, and the
judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated;
|
|
5.
|
being subject of, or a party to, any Federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment
decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, relating to an alleged violation of any Federal or state securities
or commodities law or regulation, any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies, or any law or
regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or
|
|
6.
|
being subject of or party to any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended, or vacated, of any self-regulatory
organization, any registered entity or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority
over its members or persons associated with a member.
|
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Compensation Philosophy and Practices
We believe that the performance of our
executive officers significantly impacts our ability to achieve our corporate goals. We, therefore, place considerable importance
on the design and administration of our executive officer compensation program. This program is intended to enhance stockholder
value by attracting, motivating and retaining qualified individuals to perform at the highest levels and to contribute to our growth
and success. Our executive officer compensation program is designed to provide compensation opportunities that are tied to individual
and corporate performance.
Our compensation packages
are also designed to be competitive in our industry. The Compensation Committee from time-to-time consults with compensation consultants,
legal counsel and other advisors in designing our compensation program, including in evaluating the competitiveness of individual
compensation packages and in relation to our corporate goals.
Our
overall compensation philosophy has been to pay our executive officers an annual base salary and to provide opportunities, through
cash and equity incentives, to provide higher compensation if certain key performance goals are satisfied. We believe that many
of our key practices and programs demonstrate good governance. The main principles of our fiscal year 2016 compensation strategy
included the following:
|
•
|
An
emphasis on pay for performance
. A significant portion of our executive officers’ total compensation is variable and
at risk and tied directly to measurable performance, which aligns the interests of our executives with those of our stockholders;
|
|
•
|
Performance
results are linked to Company and individual performance
. When looking at performance over the year, we equally weigh individual
performance as well as that of the Company as a whole. Target annual compensation is positioned to allow for above-median compensation
to be earned through an executive officer’s and the Company’s extraordinary performance;
|
|
•
|
Equity
as a key component to align the interests of our executives with those of our stockholders.
Our Compensation Committee
continues to believe that keeping executives interests aligned with those of our stockholders is critical to driving toward achievement
of long-term goals of both our stockholders and the Company; and
|
|
•
|
Peer
group positioning
. While the Compensation Committee considers the level of compensation paid by the companies in our peer
group as a reference point that provides a framework for its compensation decisions, in order to maintain competiveness and flexibility,
the Compensation Committee does not target compensation at a particular level relative to the peer group; nor does the Compensation
Committee employ a formal benchmarking strategy or rely upon specific peer–derived targets.
|
In 2016, we also continued
practices that demonstrate good governance and careful stewardship of corporate assets, including:
|
•
|
Limited
personal benefits
. Our executive officers are eligible for the same benefits as our non-executive salaried employees, and
they do not receive any additional perquisites.
|
|
•
|
No
retirement benefits
. We do not provide our executive officers with a traditional retirement plan, or with any supplemental
deferred compensation or retirement benefits.
|
|
•
|
No
tax gross-ups
. We do not provide our executive officers with any tax gross-ups.
|
|
•
|
No
single-trigger cash change in control benefits
. We do not provide cash benefits to our executives upon a change in control,
absent an actual termination of employment.
|
At our annual meeting
in May 2016, we conducted our tri-annual advisory vote on executive compensation, commonly referred to as a “say-on-pay”
vote. At that time, approximately 95% of the votes affirmatively cast on the advisory say-on-pay proposal were voted in favor of
the compensation of our named executive officers. The Compensation Committee understood this level of approval to indicate strong
stockholder support for our executive compensation policies and programs generally, and as a result, our Compensation Committee
made no fundamental changes to our executive compensation programs. We will hold our next say-on-pay vote at the 2019 annual meeting.
Our Compensation Committee and our Board will consider shareholder feedback through the say-on-pay vote and remains committed to
engaging with shareholders and are open to feedback, as described elsewhere in this proxy.
Summary Compensation Table
The following table
provides certain summary information concerning compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our Chief Executive Officer and the
two highest paid executive officers and up to two other highest paid individuals whose total annual salary and bonus exceeded $100,000
for fiscal years 2016 and 2015.
Name & Principal
Position
|
|
Year
|
|
Salary
($)
|
|
Bonus
($)
|
|
Stock
Awards
($)
|
|
Option
Awards
($) (1)
|
|
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
|
|
Change in
Pension Value
and
Non-Qualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings ($)
|
|
All Other
Compensation
($)
|
|
|
Total ($)
|
|
Seth Lederman
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
472,500
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
292,763
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
765,263
|
|
Chief Executive Officer
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
450,000
|
|
|
225,000
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
887,098
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,562,098
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gregory Sullivan
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
335,000
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
79,844
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
414,844
|
|
Chief Medical Officer
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
238,110
|
|
|
47,000
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
124,382
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
409,492
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bradley Saenger
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
301,361
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
71,760
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
373,121
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
215,000
|
|
|
64,500
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
61,017
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
340,517
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Leland Gershell (2)
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
33,056
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
392,000
|
(3)
|
|
|
425,056
|
|
Former Chief Financial Officer
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
350,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
234,682
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
584,682
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bruce Daugherty (4)
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
238,110
|
|
|
62,275
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
168,971
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
469,356
|
|
Former Chief Scientific Officer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of options granted in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 718, “Stock Compensation.” For the relevant assumptions used in determining these amounts, refer to Note 8 to our audited financial statements.
|
|
(2)
|
Dr. Gershell resigned effective January 8, 2016.
|
|
(3)
|
Represents severance payment and consulting fees.
|
|
(4)
|
Dr. Daugherty’s employment was terminated, effective December 31, 2016.
|
Grants of Plan-Based Awards in Fiscal 2016
The following table provides information
with regard to each grant of plan-based award made to a named executive officer under any plan during the fiscal year ended December 31,
2016.
Name
|
|
Grant Date
|
|
All Other Option Awards:
Number of Securities
Underlying Options (#)
|
|
|
Exercise or Base Price of
Option Awards ($/Share)
|
|
|
Grant Date Fair Value of
Stock and Option Awards
($) (1)
|
|
Seth Lederman
|
|
2/9/2016
|
|
|
11,000
|
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
$
|
2.49
|
|
|
|
2/9/2016
|
|
|
11,000
|
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
$
|
0.17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bradley Saenger
|
|
2/9/2016
|
|
|
1,500
|
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
$
|
2.49
|
|
|
|
5/27/2016
|
|
|
6,000
|
|
|
$
|
24.20
|
|
|
$
|
0.08
|
|
|
|
5/27/2016
|
|
|
2,000
|
|
|
$
|
24.20
|
|
|
$
|
1.47
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gregory Sullivan
|
|
2/9/2016
|
|
|
3,000
|
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
$
|
2.49
|
|
|
|
2/9/2016
|
|
|
3,000
|
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
$
|
0.17
|
|
|
(1)
|
Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of options granted in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718.
|
Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2016
The following table
presents information regarding outstanding equity awards held by our named executive officers as of December 31, 2016.
Name
|
|
Number of
Securities
underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable
|
|
|
Number of
Securities
underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
|
|
|
Option
Exercise
Price ($/Sh)
|
|
|
Option Expiration Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Seth Lederman
|
|
|
3,500
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
300.00
|
|
|
5/9/2022
|
|
|
|
6,750
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
102.00
|
|
|
2/12/2023
|
|
|
|
6,708
|
|
|
|
392
|
(1)
|
|
$
|
158.80
|
|
|
2/11/2024
|
|
|
|
8,334
|
|
|
|
1,666
|
(2)
|
|
$
|
98.70
|
|
|
6/17/2024
|
|
|
|
7,223
|
|
|
|
2,777
|
(3)
|
|
$
|
66.80
|
|
|
10/29/2024
|
|
|
|
11,550
|
|
|
|
7,350
|
(4)
|
|
$
|
59.50
|
|
|
2/25/2025
|
|
|
|
715
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
59.50
|
|
|
2/25/2025
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
11,000
|
(5)
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
2/9/2026
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
11,000
|
(6)
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
2/9/2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bradley Saenger
|
|
|
918
|
|
|
|
182
|
(2)
|
|
$
|
98.70
|
|
|
6/17/2024
|
|
|
|
796
|
|
|
|
304
|
(3)
|
|
$
|
66.80
|
|
|
10/29/2024
|
|
|
|
796
|
|
|
|
504
|
(4)
|
|
$
|
59.50
|
|
|
2/25/2025
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,500
|
(5)
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
2/9/2026
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
6,000
|
(6)
|
|
$
|
24.20
|
|
|
5/27/2026
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
2,000
|
(7)
|
|
$
|
24.20
|
|
|
5/27/2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gregory Sullivan
|
|
|
2,209
|
|
|
|
441
|
(2)
|
|
$
|
98.70
|
|
|
6/17/2024
|
|
|
|
1,916
|
|
|
|
734
|
(3)
|
|
$
|
66.80
|
|
|
10/29/2024
|
|
|
|
1,621
|
|
|
|
1,029
|
(4)
|
|
$
|
59.50
|
|
|
2/25/2025
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3,000
|
(5)
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
2/9/2026
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3,000
|
(6)
|
|
$
|
50.30
|
|
|
2/9/2026
|
(1)
|
The shares subject
to this stock option vested as to 1/3 of the shares on February 11, 2015, with the remaining shares vesting on an equal
monthly basis over the following 24 months.
|
(2)
|
The shares subject
to this stock option vested as to 1/3 of the shares on June 17, 2015, with the remaining shares vesting on an equal monthly
basis over the following 24 months.
|
(3)
|
The shares subject to this stock option vested as to 1/3 of the shares on October 29, 2015, with the remaining shares vesting on an equal monthly basis over the following 24 months.
|
(4)
|
The shares subject to this stock option vested as to 1/3 of the shares on February 25, 2016, with the remaining shares vesting on an equal monthly basis over the following 24 months.
|
(5)
|
The shares subject to this stock option vested as to 1/3 of the shares on February 9, 2017, with the remaining shares vesting on an equal monthly basis over the following 24 months.
|
(6)
|
The shares subject to this stock option vest 1/3rd upon the date(s) that certain stock price goals are achieved. The stock price goals are such date(s) when the Company’s common stock has an average closing sales price equal to or exceeding each of $60.00, $70.00 and $80.00 per share for 20 consecutive trading days, subject to a one year minimum service period prior to vesting.
|
(7)
|
The shares subject to this stock option vested as to 1/3 of the shares on May 27, 2017, with the remaining shares vesting on an equal monthly basis over the following 24 months.
|
Option Exercises and Stock Vested
No options were exercised
by any of the named executive officers and no named executive officers held restricted stock units during the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2016.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table provides certain information
with respect to our equity compensation plans in effect as of December 31, 2016.
Plan Category
|
|
Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(A)
|
|
|
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(B)
|
|
|
Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance
under equity compensation
plans (excluding securities
reflected in column A)
(2)
(C)
|
|
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
(1)
|
|
|
228,676
|
|
|
$
|
88.34
|
|
|
|
232,045
|
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
|
|
228,676
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
232,045
|
|
(1)
|
Consists of the 2012 Plan, the 2014 Plan, the 2016 Plan and the 2014 employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”).
|
(2)
|
Consists of shares available for future issuance under the 2016 Plan and our ESPP. As of December 31, 2016, 212,596 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the 2016 Plan and 19,449 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the ESPP.
|
Employment Contracts and Termination of Employment and Change-In-Control
Arrangements
Employment Agreement with Seth Lederman
On February 11, 2014,
the Company entered into an employment agreement (the “Lederman Agreement”) with Dr. Seth Lederman (“Lederman”)
to continue to serve as our President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board.
The base salary for
Lederman under the Lederman Agreement was $425,000 per annum. The Lederman Agreement has an initial term of one year
and automatically renew for successive one year terms unless either party delivers written notice not to renew at least 60 days
prior to the end of the current term.
Pursuant to the Lederman
Agreement, if the Company terminates Lederman’s employment without Cause (as defined in the Lederman Agreement) or Lederman
resigns for Good Reason (as defined in the Lederman Agreement), Lederman is entitled to the following payments and benefits: (1) his
fully earned but unpaid base salary through the date of termination at the rate then in effect, plus all other benefits, if any,
under any group retirement plan, nonqualified deferred compensation plan, equity award plan or agreement, health benefits plan
or other group benefit plan to which Lederman may be entitled to under the terms of such plans or agreements; (2) a lump sum
cash payment in an amount equal to 12 months of his base salary as in effect immediately prior to the date of termination;
(3) continuation of health benefits for Lederman and his eligible dependents for a period of 12 months following the
date of termination; and (4) the automatic acceleration of the vesting and exercisability of outstanding unvested stock awards
as to the number of stock awards that would have vested over the 12-month period following termination had Lederman remained continuously
employed by the Company during such period.
Pursuant to the Lederman
Agreement, if Lederman’s employment is terminated as a result of death or permanent disability, Lederman or his estate, as
applicable, is entitled to the following payments and benefits: (1) his fully earned but unpaid base salary through the date
of termination at the rate then in effect; (2) a lump sum cash payment in an amount equal to six months of his base salary
as in effect immediately prior to the date of termination; and (3) the automatic acceleration of the vesting and exercisability
of outstanding unvested stock awards.
If
Lederman is terminated without Cause or resigns for Good Reason during the period commencing 90 days prior to a Change in
Control (as defined below) or 12 months following a Change in Control, Lederman shall be entitled to receive, in lieu of the
severance benefits described above, the following payments and benefits: (1) a lump sum cash payment in an amount equal to
36 months of his base salary as in effect immediately prior to the date of termination, except that, if and while Lederman
is still entitled to the Sale Bonus (as defined below), it will only be 18 months; (2) continuation of health benefits for
Lederman and his eligible dependents for a period of 24 months following the date of termination, except that, if and while
Lederman is still entitled to the Sale Bonus it will only be 12 months; and (3) the automatic acceleration of the vesting
and exercisability of outstanding unvested stock awards.
If during the term
of the Lederman Agreement or within 120 days after Lederman is terminated without Cause or resigns for Good Reason, following a
Change in Control, the Company consummates a Change in Control transaction in which the Enterprise Value (as defined below) equals
or exceeds $50 million, Lederman shall be entitled to receive a lump sum payment equal to 4.4% of the Enterprise Value (the “Sale
Bonus”). The Sale Bonus provision of the Lederman Agreement will terminate upon the Company granting Lederman
long-term incentive compensation mutually agreed to by the Board and Lederman.
For
purposes of the Lederman Agreement, “Cause” generally means (1) commission of an act of fraud, embezzlement
or dishonesty or some other illegal act that has a demonstrable material adverse impact on the Company or any successor or affiliate
of the Company, (2) conviction of, or entry into a plea of “guilty” or “no contest” to, a felony,
(3) unauthorized use or disclosure of the Company’s confidential information or trade secrets or any successor or affiliate
of the Company that has, or may reasonably be expected to have, a material adverse impact on any such entity; (4) gross negligence,
failure to follow a material, lawful and reasonable request of the Board or material violation of any duty of loyalty to the Company
or any successor or affiliate of the Company, or any other demonstrable material willful misconduct by Lederman, (5) ongoing
and repeated failure or refusal to perform or neglect of his duties as required by his employment agreement, which failure, refusal
or neglect continues for 30 days following Lederman’s receipt of written notice from the Board stating with specificity
the nature of such failure, refusal or neglect, provided that such failure to perform is not as a result of illness, injury or
medical incapacity, or (6) material breach of any Company policy or any material provision of the Lederman Agreement.
For
purposes of the Lederman Agreement, “Good Reason” generally means (1) a material diminution in Lederman’s
title, authority, duties or responsibilities, (2) a material diminution in Lederman’s base compensation, unless such
a reduction is imposed across-the-board to the Company’s senior management, and such reduction is not greater than 15%, (3) a
material change in the geographic location at which Lederman must perform his duties, (4) any other action or inaction that
constitutes a material breach by the Company or any successor or affiliate of the Company’s obligations to Lederman under
the Lederman Agreement, or (5) the Company elects not to renew the Lederman Agreement for another term.
For
purposes of the Lederman Agreement, “Change in Control” generally means:
|
·
|
A transaction or series of transactions (other than public offerings) that results in any person or entity or related group of persons or entities (other than the Company, its subsidiaries, an employee benefit plan maintained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or a person or entity that, prior to such transaction, directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of more than 40% of the total combined voting power of the Company’s securities outstanding immediately after such acquisition;
|
|
·
|
(1) a merger, consolidation, reorganization, or business combination or (2) the sale, exchange or transfer of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in any single transaction or series of transactions or (3) the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity, in each case other than a transaction:
|
|
o
|
which results in the Company’s voting securities outstanding immediately before the transaction continuing to represent, directly or indirectly, at least 60% of the combined voting power of the successor entity’s outstanding voting securities immediately after the transaction, and
|
|
o
|
after which no person or group beneficially owns voting securities representing 40% or more of the combined voting power of the Company or its successor; provided, however, that no person or group is treated as beneficially owning 40% or more of combined voting power of the Company or its successor solely as a result of the voting power held in the Company prior to the consummation of the transaction.
|
For
purposes of the Lederman Agreement, “Enterprise Value” generally means (1) in a Change in Control in which consideration
is received by the Company, the total cash and non-cash consideration, including debt assumed, received by the Company, net of
any fees and expenses in connection with the transaction and (2) in a Change in Control in which consideration is payable to the
stockholders of the Company, the total cash and non-cash consideration, including debt assumed, payable to the Company’s
stockholders net of any fees and expenses in connection with the transaction. Enterprise Value also includes any cash
or non-cash consideration payable to the Company or to the Company’s stockholders on a contingent, earnout or deferred basis.
Employment Agreement with Gregory Sullivan
On June 3, 2014, the
Company entered into an employment agreement (the “Sullivan Agreement”) with Dr. Gregory Sullivan (“Sullivan”)
to serve as our Chief Medical Officer. The base salary for Sullivan under the Sullivan Agreement was $225,000 per annum. The
Sullivan Agreement had an initial term of one year and automatically renews for successive one year terms unless either party delivers
written notice not to renew at least 60 days prior to the end of the current term.
Pursuant
to the Sullivan Agreement, if the Company terminates Sullivan’s employment without Cause (as defined below) or Executive
resigns for Good Reason (as defined below), Sullivan is entitled to the following payments and benefits: (1) his fully earned
but unpaid base salary through the date of termination at the rate then in effect, plus all other benefits, if any, under
any
group retirement plan, nonqualified deferred compensation plan, equity award plan or agreement, health benefits plan or other group
benefit plan to which Sullivan may be entitled to under the terms of such plans or agreements; (2) a lump sum cash payment
in an amount equal to 12 months of his base salary as in effect immediately prior to the date of termination; (3) continuation
of health benefits for Sullivan and his eligible dependents for a period of 12 months following the date of termination; and
(4) the automatic acceleration of the vesting and exercisability of outstanding unvested stock awards as to the number of
stock awards that would have vested over the 12-month period following termination had Sullivan remained continuously employed
by the Company during such period.
Pursuant to the Sullivan
Agreement, if Sullivan’s employment is terminated as a result of death or permanent disability, Sullivan or his estate, as
applicable, is entitled to his fully earned but unpaid base salary through the end of the month in which termination occurs at
the rate then in effect.
For
purposes of the Sullivan Agreement, “Cause” generally means (1) commission of an act of fraud, embezzlement
or dishonesty or some other illegal act that has a demonstrable material adverse impact on the Company or any successor or affiliate
of the Company, (2) conviction of, or entry into a plea of “guilty” or “no contest” to, a felony,
(3) unauthorized use or disclosure of the Company’s confidential information or trade secrets or any successor or affiliate
of the Company that has, or may reasonably be expected to have, a material adverse impact on any such entity, (4) gross negligence,
failure to follow a material, lawful and reasonable request of the Company or material violation of any duty of loyalty to the
Company or any successor or affiliate of the Company, or any other demonstrable material misconduct by Sullivan, (5) ongoing
and repeated failure or refusal to perform or neglect of his duties as required by his employment agreement, which failure, refusal
or neglect continues for 30 days following Sullivan’s receipt of written notice from the Company stating with specificity
the nature of such failure, refusal or neglect, or (6) material breach of any Company policy or any material provision of
the Sullivan Agreement.
For
purposes of the Sullivan Agreement, “Good Reason” generally means (1) a material diminution in Executive’s
title, authority, duties or responsibilities, (2) a material diminution in the executive officer’s base compensation,
unless such a reduction is imposed across-the-board to the Company’s senior management and such reduction is not greater
than 15%, (3) a material change in the geographic location at which the executive officer must perform his duties, (4) any
other action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by the Company or any successor or affiliate of the Company’s
obligations to Sullivan under the Agreement, or (5) the Company elects not to renew the Agreement for another term.
Directors Compensation Table
The following table
sets forth summary information concerning the total compensation paid to our non-employee directors in 2016 for services to our
Company.
Name
|
|
Stock
Awards ($)
(1)
|
|
|
Option
Awards ($)
|
|
|
Total ($)
|
|
Stuart Davidson
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
Patrick Grace
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
Donald Landry
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
Ernest Mario
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
Charles Mather IV
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
John Rhodes
(2)
|
|
$
|
68,625
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
68,625
|
|
Samuel Saks
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
45,750
|
|
Total:
|
|
$
|
343,125
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
343,125
|
|
(1)
|
Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of restricted stock units granted in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. For the relevant assumptions used in determining these amounts, refer to Note 8 to our audited financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. These amounts do not necessarily correspond to the actual value that may be recognized from the restricted stock unit grant.
|
(2)
|
Mr. Rhodes received additional restricted stock units for serving as lead director.
|
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL
OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table
sets forth certain information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of April 17, 2017:
|
·
|
by each person who is known by us to beneficially
own more than 5% of our common stock;
|
|
·
|
by each of our officers and directors;
and
|
|
·
|
by all of our officers and directors as
a group.
|
Unless otherwise indicated
in the footnotes to the following table, each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power and that person’s
address is c/o Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp., 509 Madison Avenue, Suite 306, New York New York 10022.
NAME OF OWNER
|
|
TITLE OF
CLASS
|
|
NUMBER OF
SHARES OWNED (1)
|
|
|
PERCENTAGE OF
COMMON STOCK (2)
|
|
Seth Lederman
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
123,265
|
(3)
|
|
|
1.63
|
%
|
Bradley Saenger
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
5,262
|
(4)
|
|
|
*
|
|
Gregory Sullivan
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
12,831
|
(5)
|
|
|
*
|
|
Stuart Davidson
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
15,259
|
(6)
|
|
|
*
|
|
Patrick Grace
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
6,797
|
(7)
|
|
|
*
|
|
Donald Landry
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
14,494
|
(8)
|
|
|
*
|
|
Ernest Mario
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
86,549
|
(9)
|
|
|
1.15
|
%
|
Charles Mather IV
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
7,476
|
(10)
|
|
|
*
|
|
John Rhodes
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
24,511
|
(11)
|
|
|
*
|
|
Samuel Saks
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
11,920
|
(12)
|
|
|
*
|
|
Officers and Directors as a Group (10 persons)
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
303,847
|
(13)
|
|
|
3.99
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rosalind Advisors, Inc. (14)
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
594,077
|
(15)
|
|
|
7.89
|
%
|
* Denotes less than 1%
(1) Beneficial Ownership is determined
in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Shares of
common stock subject to options or warrants currently exercisable or convertible, or exercisable or convertible within 60 days
of April 17, 2017 are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of the person holding such option or warrant but are not
deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person.
(2) Percentage based upon 7,486,026 shares
of common stock issued and outstanding as of April 17, 2017.
(3) Includes 55,463 shares of common stock
underlying options which are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days, 18,463 shares of common stock and 5,450
shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by Lederman & Co, 3,246 shares of common stock and 1,267 shares of common
stock underlying warrants owned by L&L, 5,898 shares of common stock and 825 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned
by Targent, 2,917 shares of common stock and 417 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by Leder Labs, 2,917 shares of
common stock and 417 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by Starling, 13,300 shares owned through a 401(k) account
and 3,100 shares owned by Dr. Lederman’s spouse. Seth Lederman, as the Managing Member of Lederman & Co and Targent,
the Manager of L&L and the Chairman of Leder Labs and Starling, has investment and voting control over the shares held by these
entities.
(4) Includes 4,329 shares of common stock
underlying options which are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days.
(5) Includes 8,183 shares of common stock
underlying options which are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days.
(6) Includes 4,718 shares of common stock
underlying options and restricted stock units which are currently exercisable or vested or become exercisable within 60 days, 7,454
shares of common stock and 1,084 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by Lysander, LLC and 655 shares owned by Oystercatcher
Trust. Stuart Davidson, as the Member of Lysander, LLC and Trustee of Oystercatcher Trust, has investment and voting control over
the shares held by these entities.
(7) Includes 4,793 shares of common stock
underlying options and restricted stock units which are currently exercisable or vested or become exercisable within 60 days.
(8) Includes 4,643 shares of common stock
underlying options which are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days, 125 shares of common stock underlying
warrants. 3,246 shares of common stock and 1,267 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by L&L. Donald Landry, as
a Member of L&L, has investment and voting control over the shares held by this entity.
(9) Includes 4,643 shares of common stock
underlying options which are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days, 6,084 shares of common stock underlying
warrants and 12,000 shares owned by Ernest and Mildred Mario Revocable Trust. Ernest Mario, as a Trustee of Ernest and Mildred
Mario Revocable Trust, has investment and voting control over the shares held by this entity.
(10) Includes 5,393 shares of common stock
underlying options which are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days and 300 shares of common stock underlying
warrants.
(11) Includes 5,739 shares of common stock
underlying options which are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days and 3,927 shares of common stock underlying
warrants.
(12) Includes 5,393 shares of common stock
underlying options which are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days and 1,422 shares of common stock underlying
warrants.
(13) Includes 103,292 shares of common
stock underlying options and restricted stock units which are currently exercisable or vested or become exercisable within 60 days,
18,463 shares of common stock and 5,450 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by Lederman & Co, 3,246 shares of
common stock and 1,267 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by L&L, 5,898 shares of common stock and 825 shares
of common stock underlying warrants owned by Targent, 2,917 shares of common stock and 417 shares of common stock underlying warrants
owned by Leder Labs, 2,917 shares of common stock and 417 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by Starling, 13,300
shares owned through a 401(k) account of Dr. Lederman, 3,100 shares owned by Dr. Lederman’s spouse, 7,454 shares of common
stock and 1,084 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned by Lysander, LLC, 655 shares owned by Oystercatcher Trust, 12,000
shares owned by Ernest and Mildred Mario Revocable Trust and 13,533 shares of common stock underlying warrants owned directly by
the executive officers and directors.
(14) Based upon a Schedule 13G/A filed
with the SEC on April 7, 2017. The mailing address for this beneficial owner is
175
Bloor Street East
Suite
1316, North Tower, Toronto, Ontario, M4W 3R8 Canada
. Steven Salamon is the portfolio manager of this entity and may be deemed
to beneficially own the securities held by this entity.
(15) Includes 40,169 shares of common stock
underlying warrants.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
We have adopted a written
related-person transactions policy that sets forth our policies and procedures regarding the identification, review, consideration
and oversight of “related-party transactions.” For purposes of our policy only, a “related-party transaction”
is a transaction, arrangement or relationship (or any series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships) in which we
and any “related party” are participants involving an amount that exceeds $120,000.
Transactions involving
compensation for services provided to us as an employee, consultant or director are not considered related-person transactions
under this policy. A related party is any executive officer, director or a holder of more than five percent of our common stock,
including any of their immediate family members and any entity owned or controlled by such persons.
Under the policy, where
a transaction has been identified as a related-party transaction, our Chief Compliance Officer must present information regarding
the proposed related-party transaction to our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee for review. The presentation must include
a description of, among other things, the material facts, the direct and indirect interests of the related parties, the benefits
of the transaction to us and whether any alternative transactions are available. To identify related-party transactions in advance,
we rely on information supplied by our executive officers, directors and certain significant stockholders. In considering related-party
transactions, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will take into account the relevant available facts and circumstances
including, but not limited to:
|
•
|
whether the transaction was undertaken in the ordinary course of our business;
|
|
|
|
|
•
|
whether the related party transaction was initiated by us or the related party;
|
|
|
|
|
•
|
whether the transaction with the related party is proposed to be, or was, entered into on terms no less favorable to us than terms that could have been reached with an unrelated third party;
|
|
|
|
|
•
|
the purpose of, and the potential benefits to us from the related party transaction;
|
|
|
|
|
•
|
the approximate dollar value of the amount involved in the related party transaction, particularly as it relates to the related party;
|
|
|
|
|
•
|
the related party’s interest in the related party transaction, and
|
|
|
|
|
•
|
any other information regarding the related party transaction or the related party that would be material to investors in light of the circumstances of the particular transaction.
|
The Nominating and
Corporate Governance Committee shall then make a recommendation to the Board, who will determine whether or not to approve of the
related party transaction, and if so, upon what terms and conditions. In the event a director has an interest in the proposed transaction,
the director must recuse himself or herself from the deliberations and approval.
Other than as disclosed
below, during the last two fiscal years, there have been no related party transactions.
On February 3, 2015,
we entered into an underwriting agreement for an offering of common stock with a group of underwriters, including Janney Montgomery
Scott LLC. Charles Mather, one of our directors, was a Managing Director of Janney until February 2015.
PROPOSALS OF SHAREHOLDERS FOR THE 2018
ANNUAL MEETING
If you want to submit
a proposal for inclusion in our proxy statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of shareholders, you may do so by following the procedures
in Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). To be eligible
for inclusion, shareholder proposals (other than nominees for directors) must be received at the Company’s principal executive
office, at the following address: 509 Madison Avenue, Suite 306, New York, New York 10022, Attention: Secretary, no later than
[*], 2017 (120 days before the anniversary of this year’s mailing date).
Under Rule 14a-4 promulgated under the
Exchange Act, if a proponent of a proposal that is not intended to be included in the proxy statement fails to notify us of such
proposal at least 45 days prior to the anniversary of the mailing date of the preceding year’s proxy statement, then we will
be allowed to use our discretionary voting authority under proxies solicited by us when the proposal is raised at such Annual Meeting
of shareholders, without any discussion of the matter in the proxy statement.
In addition, our Amended
and Restated Bylaws contain an advance notice provision that requires that all business proposed by a shareholder that will be
conducted or considered at a meeting must meet notice requirements. For business to be properly submitted by a shareholder for
a vote at an Annual Meeting, the shareholder must (i) be a shareholder of record as of the record date for the meeting, (ii) be
entitled to vote at the meeting, and (iii) have given timely notice in writing of the proposal to be submitted by the shareholder
for a vote. The shareholder’s notice must be delivered to the Secretary at the Company’s principal executive office.
To be timely, a shareholder’s notice must be received by the Secretary at least 60 calendar days before the date corresponding
to the date for the annual meeting in the preceding year, and no more than 90 calendar days before that date; provided, however,
if the date of the annual meeting is changed by more than 30 calendar days from the date corresponding to the date of the preceding
year’s Annual Meeting, or if we did not hold an annual meeting in the preceding year, then the shareholder’s notice
will be considered timely if it is received by the Secretary at least (a) 60 calendar days before the date for the annual meeting
to be held or 10 calendar days following the date on which public announcement of the date for the annual meeting is first made
by the Company, and (b) no more than 90 calendar days before the date for the Annual Meeting.
A shareholder’s
notice to the Secretary must set forth as to each matter the shareholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting: (i) a
description in reasonable detail of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting
such business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and address, as they appear on the Company’s books, of the shareholder
proposing such business and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, (iii) such information regarding
each director nominee or each matter of business to be proposed by such shareholder as would be required to be included in a proxy
statement filed pursuant to the proxy rules of the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, had the nominee been nominated,
or intended to be nominated, or the matter been proposed, or intended to be proposed by the Board; (iv) if applicable, the consent
of each nominee to be named in the proxy statement and to serve as director of the Company if so elected; (v) the class and
number of shares of the Company that are owned beneficially and of record by the shareholder proposing such business and by the
beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, and (vi) any material interest of such shareholder proposing
such business and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made in such business.
OTHER BUSINESS
The Board knows of
no business to be brought before the Annual Meeting other than as set forth above. If other matters properly come before the shareholders
at the meeting, it is the intention of the persons named on the proxy to vote the shares represented thereby on such matters in
accordance with their judgment.
By Order of the Board of Directors,
/s/ SETH LEDERMAN
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Seth Lederman
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Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors
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New York, New York
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[*], 2017
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Appendix A
TONIX PHARMACEUTICALS
HOLDING CORP.
2017 STOCK INCENTIVE
PLAN
(effective [*],
2017, subject to stockholder approval)
1.1
Purpose
.
The purposes of the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) is to promote the interests
of Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. (the “Company”) and the stockholders of the Company by providing (i) executive
officers and other employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries (as defined below), (ii) certain advisors who perform services
for the Company and its Subsidiaries and (iii) non-employee members of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”)
with appropriate incentives and rewards to encourage them to enter into and continue in the employ and service of the Company and
to acquire a proprietary interest in the long-term success of the Company, as well as to reward the performance of these individuals
in fulfilling their personal responsibilities for long-range and annual achievements.
1.2
Effective
Date and Term
. The Plan will become effective upon the date it is approved by the stockholders of the Company (the “Effective
Date”). Unless terminated earlier by the Committee, the Plan will expire on the tenth (10
th
) anniversary of the
Effective Date.
1.3
Definitions
.
Capitalized terms in the Plan, unless defined elsewhere in the Plan, shall be defined as set forth below:
1934
Act
. The term “1934 Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder and any successor thereto.
Affiliated
Company
. The term “Affiliated Company” means any company, partnership, association, organization or other entity
controlled by, controlling or under common control with the Company.
Award
.
The term “Award” means any award or benefit granted under the Plan, including, without limitation, Options, SARs, Restricted
Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Other Stock-Based Awards and Cash-Based Awards.
Award
Agreement
. The term “Award Agreement” means a written or electronic Award grant agreement under the Plan.
Cash-Based
Award
. The term “Cash-Based Award” means a right or other interest granted to an Eligible Grantee under Section 4.2(vi)
of the Plan that may be denominated or payable in cash, other than an Award pursuant to which the amount of cash is determined
by reference to the value of a specific number of shares of Stock.
Change
of Control
. The term “Change of Control” shall be deemed to occur if and when:
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(i)
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any person, including a “person” as such term is used in Section 14(d)(2) of the 1934
Act (a “Person”), is or becomes a beneficial owner (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act), directly
or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding
securities;
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(ii)
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individuals who, as of the Effective Date, constitute the Board (the “Incumbent Board”)
cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a director
subsequent to the Effective Date whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by
a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual
were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs
as a result of either an actual or threatened election contest (as such terms are used in Rule 14a-11 of Regulation 14A promulgated
under the 1934 Act) or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the
Board;
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(iii)
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all or substantially all of the assets of the Company are sold, transferred or distributed, or
the Company is dissolved or liquidated; or
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(iv)
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a reorganization, merger, consolidation or other corporate transaction involving the Company (a
“Transaction”) is consummated, in each case, with respect to which the stockholders of the Company immediately prior
to such Transaction do not, immediately after the Transaction, own more than 50% of the combined voting power of the Company or
other corporation resulting from such Transaction in substantially the same respective proportions as such stockholders’
ownership of the voting power of the Company immediately before such Transaction.
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Notwithstanding the
foregoing or any other provision of this Plan, the term Change of Control shall not include a sale of assets, merger or other transaction
effected exclusively for the purpose of changing the domicile of the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, solely with respect to
any Award that constitutes "deferred compensation" subject to Section 409A of the Code and that is payable on account
of a Change of Control (including any installments or stream of payments that are accelerated on account of a Change of Control),
a Change of Control shall occur only if such event also constitutes a "change in the ownership", "change in effective
control", and/or a "change in the ownership of a substantial portion of assets" of the Company as those terms are
defined under Treasury Regulation §1.409A-3(i)(5), but only to the extent necessary to establish a time or form of payment
that complies with Section 409A of the Code, without altering the definition of Change of Control for purposes of determining whether
a Grantee's rights to such Award become vested or otherwise unconditional upon the Change of Control.
Code
.
The term “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. A reference to any provision of the Code shall
include reference to any successor provision of the Code.
Committee
.
The term “Committee” means the committee of the Board described in Section 2 hereof and any sub-committee established
by such Committee pursuant to Section 2.4.
Covered
Employee
. The term “Covered Employee” means an Employee who is, or who is anticipated to become, between the time
of grant and payment of the Award, a “covered employee,” as such term is defined in Section 162(m)(3) of the Code
(or any successor section thereof).
Disability
.
The term “Disability” means “Disability” as defined in any Award Agreement to which the Grantee is a party.
Eligible
Grantee
. The term “Eligible Grantee” shall mean any Employee, Non-Employee Director or Key Advisor, as determined
by the Committee in its sole discretion.
Employee
.
The term “Employee” means an active employee of the Company or a Subsidiary, but excluding any person who is classified
by the Company or a Subsidiary as a “contractor” or “consultant,” no matter how characterized by the Internal
Revenue Service, other governmental agency or a court, or any employee who is not actively employed, as determined by the Committee.
Any change of characterization of an individual by the Internal Revenue Service or any court or government agency shall have no
effect upon the classification of an individual as an Employee for purposes of this Plan, unless the Committee determines otherwise.
Fair
Market Value.
For purposes of determining the “Fair Market Value” of a share of Stock as of any date, the
“Fair Market Value” as of that date shall be, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, the closing sale price
during regular trading hours of the Stock on the date on the principal securities market in which shares of Stock is then traded;
or, if there were no trades on that date, the closing sale price during regular trading hours of the Stock on the first trading
day prior to that date. If the Stock is not publicly traded at the time a determination of Fair Market Value is required to be
made hereunder, the determination of such amount shall be made by the Committee in such manner as it deems appropriate.
Grantee
.
The term “Grantee” means an Employee, Non-Employee Director or Key Advisor of the Company or a Subsidiary who has been
granted an Award under the Plan.
ISO
.
The term “ISO” means any Option intended to be and designated as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422
of the Code.
Key
Advisor
. The term “Key Advisor” means a consultant or other key advisor who performs services for the Company or
a Subsidiary.
Non-Employee
Director
. The term “Non-Employee Director” means a member of the Board who is not an Employee.
NQSO
.
The term “NQSO” means any Option that is not designated as an ISO, or which is designated by the Committee as an ISO
but which subsequently fails or ceases to qualify as an ISO.
Option
.
The term “Option” means a right, granted to an Eligible Grantee under Section 4.2(i), to purchase shares of Stock.
An Option may be either an ISO or an NQSO.
Other
Stock-Based Award
. The term “Other Stock-Based Award” means a right or other interest granted to an Eligible Grantee
under Section 4.2(v) of the Plan that may be denominated or payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise
based on, or related to, Stock, including but not limited to (i) unrestricted Stock awarded as a bonus or upon the attainment of
Performance Goals or otherwise as permitted under the Plan, and (ii) a right granted to an Eligible Grantee to acquire Stock from
the Company containing terms and conditions prescribed by the Committee.
Performance
Goals
. The term “Performance Goals” means performance goals based on the attainment on an absolute or relative
basis by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or any Affiliated Company (or any division or business unit of any such entity),
or any two or more of the foregoing, of performance goals pre-established by the Committee in its sole discretion, based on one
or more of the following criteria (if applicable,
a
ny performance
criteria that are financial metrics, may be determined in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
(“GAAP”) or may be adjusted when established to include or exclude any items otherwise includable or excludable under
GAAP): (i) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified percentage increase in, revenues, earnings, income before
taxes and extraordinary items, net income, operating income, earnings before or after deduction for all or any portion of income
tax, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization or a combination of any or all of the foregoing; (ii) the
attainment of certain target levels of, or a percentage increase in, after-tax or pre-tax profits including, without limitation,
that attributable to continuing and/or other operations; (iii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified
increase in, operational cash flow; (iv) the achievement of a certain level of, reduction of, or other specified objectives
with regard to limiting the level of increase in, all or a portion of, the Company’s bank debt or other long-term or short-term
public or private debt or other similar financial obligations of the Company, which may be calculated net of such cash balances
and/or other offsets and adjustments as may be established by the Committee; (v) earnings per share or the attainment of a
specified percentage increase in earnings per share or earnings per share from continuing operations; (vi) the attainment
of certain target levels of, or a specified increase in return on capital employed or return on invested capital; (vii) the
attainment of certain target levels of, or a percentage increase in, after-tax or pre-tax return on stockholders’ equity;
(viii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified increase in, economic value added targets based on a cash
flow return on investment formula; (ix) the attainment of certain target levels in, or specified increases in, the fair market
value of the shares of the Company’s common stock; (x) the growth in the value of an investment in the Company’s
common stock; (xi) the attainment of a certain level of, reduction of, or other specified objectives with regard to limiting
the level in or increase in, all or a portion of controllable expenses or costs or other expenses or costs; (xii) gross or
net sales, revenue and growth of sales revenue (either before or after cost of goods, selling and general administrative expenses,
research and development expenses and any other expenses or interest); (xiii) total stockholder return; (xiv) return
on assets or net assets; (xv) return on sales; (xvi) operating profit or net operating profit; (xvii) operating
margin; (xviii) gross or net profit margin; (xix) cost reductions or savings; (xx) productivity; (xxi) operating
efficiency; (xxii) working capital; (xxiii) market share; (xxiv) customer satisfaction; (xxv) workforce diversity;
(xxvi) results of clinical trials; (xxvii) acceptance of a new drug application by a regulatory body; (xxviii) regulatory
body approval for commercialization of a product; (xxix) launch of a new drug; (xxx) completion of out-licensing, in-licensing
or disposition of product candidates or other acquisition or disposition projects; and (xxxi) to the extent that an Award
is not intended to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code, other measures of performance selected by the Board. Any of the
above Performance Goals may be compared to the performance of a selected group of comparison companies, or a published or special
index that the Committee, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate, or as compared to various stock market indices. Subject to
the limitations in Section 4.2, the Committee in its sole discretion may designate additional business criteria on which the
Performance Goals may be based or adjust, or modify or amend the aforementioned business criteria. The relative weights of the
criteria that comprise the Performance Goals shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion. In establishing the Performance
Goals for a performance period, the Committee may establish different Performance Goals for individual Grantees or groups of Grantees.
Subject to the limitations in Section 4.2(ix)(d), the Committee in its sole discretion shall have the authority to make equitable
adjustments to the Performance Goals in recognition of unusual or non-recurring events affecting the Company or any Subsidiary
of the Company or any Affiliated Company or the financial statements of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or any Affiliated
Company, in response to changes in applicable laws or regulations, including changes in generally accepted accounting principles
or practices, or to account for items of gain, loss or expense determined to be extraordinary or unusual in nature or infrequent
in occurrence or related to the disposal of a segment of a business, as applicable. Performance Goals may include a threshold level
of performance below which no Award will be earned, a level of performance at which the target amount of an Award will be earned
and a level of performance at which the maximum amount of the Award will be earned.
Prior
Plans.
The term “Prior Plans” means the Company’s 2012 Amended and Restated Incentive Stock Option Plan,
the Company’s 2014 Stock Incentive Plan and the Company’s 2016 Stock Incentive Plan.
Restricted
Stock
. The term “Restricted Stock” means an Award of shares of Stock to an Eligible Grantee under Section 4.2(iii)
that may be subject to certain restrictions and to a risk of forfeiture. Stock issued upon the exercise of Options or SARs is not
“Restricted Stock” for purposes of the plan, even if subject to post-issuance transfer restrictions or forfeiture conditions.
When Restricted Stock vests, it ceases to be “Restricted Stock” for purposes of the Plan.
Restricted
Stock Unit
. The term “Restricted Stock Unit” means a right granted to an Eligible Grantee under Section 4.2(iv)
to receive Stock or cash at the end of a specified deferral period, which right may be conditioned on the satisfaction of specified
performance or other criteria.
Retirement
.
The term “Retirement” means any termination of employment or service as an Employee, Non-Employee Director or Key Advisor
as a result of retirement in good standing under the rules of the Company or a Subsidiary, as applicable, then in effect.
Rule 16b-3
.
The term “Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3, as from time to time in effect promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under Section 16 of the 1934 Act, including any successor to such Rule.
Stock
.
The term “Stock” means shares of the common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company.
Stock
Appreciation Right or SAR
. The term “Stock Appreciation Right” or “SAR” means the right, granted to
an Eligible Grantee under Section 4.2(ii), to be paid an amount measured by the appreciation in the Fair Market Value of Stock
from the date of grant to the date of exercise of the right.
Subsidiary
.
The term “Subsidiary” means any present or future subsidiary corporation of the Company within the meaning of Section 424(f)
of the Code, and any present or future business venture designated by the Committee in which the Company has a significant interest,
including, without limitation, any subsidiary corporation in which the Company has at least a 50% ownership interest, as determined
in the discretion of the Committee.
Substitute
Award
. The term “Substitute Award” means an Award granted or Stock issued by the Company in assumption of, or in
substitution or exchange for, an award previously granted, or the right or obligation to make a future award, in all cases by a
company acquired by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or with which the Company or a Subsidiary combines.
2.1
Committee
.
The authority to manage the operation of and administer the Plan shall be vested in a committee (the “Committee”) in
accordance with this Section 2. The Committee shall be selected by the Board, and shall consist solely of two or more members
of the Board who are non-employee directors within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 and are outside directors within the meaning
of Section 162(m) of the Code. Unless otherwise determined by the Board, the Company’s Compensation Committee shall
be designated as the “Committee” hereunder.
2.2
Powers
of the Committee
. The Committee’s administration of the Plan shall be subject to the following:
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(i)
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Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Committee will have the authority and discretion to
select from among the Eligible Grantees those persons who shall receive Awards, to determine the time or times of receipt, to determine
the types of Awards and the number of shares covered by the Awards, and to establish the terms, conditions, performance criteria,
restrictions, and other provisions of such Awards;
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(ii)
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The Committee will have the authority and discretion to interpret the Plan, to establish, amend,
and rescind any rules and regulations relating to the Plan, to determine the terms and provisions of any Award Agreement made pursuant
to the Plan, and to make all other determinations that may be necessary or advisable for the administration of the Plan;
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(iii)
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Any interpretation of the Plan by the Committee and any decision made by it under the Plan is final
and binding on all persons; and
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(iv)
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In managing the operation of and administering the Plan, the Committee shall take action in a manner
that conforms to the articles of incorporation and by-laws of the Company, and applicable state corporate law.
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2.3
Prohibition
Against Repricing
. Other than pursuant to Section 3.3, the Committee shall not, without the approval of the Company’s
stockholders, (a) lower the option price per share of an Option or SAR after it is granted, (b) cancel an Option or SAR when the
exercise price per Share exceeds the Fair Market Value of one share in exchange for cash or another Award (other than in connection
with a Change of Control), or (c) take any other action with respect to an Option or SAR that would be treated as a repricing under
the rules and regulations of the principal U.S. national securities exchange on which the Company’s shares are then listed.
2.4
Delegation
of Authority
. To the extent not inconsistent with applicable law, the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market or other provisions
of the Plan, the Committee may, at any time, allocate all or any portion of its responsibilities and powers to any one or more
of its members or, with respect to Awards made to Employees other than executive officers, the Chief Executive Officer, including
without limitation, the power to designate Grantees hereunder and determine the amount, timing and terms of Awards hereunder. Any
such allocation or delegation may be revoked by the Committee at any time.
2.5
Indemnification
.
Each person who is or shall have been a member of the Committee, or the Board, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company
against and from any loss, cost, liability or expense that may be imposed upon or reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with
or resulting from any claim, action, suit or proceeding to which he or she may be a party or in which he or she may be involved
by reason of any action taken in good faith or failure to act in good faith under the Plan and against and from any and all amounts
paid by him or her in settlement thereof, with the Company’s approval, or paid by him or her in satisfaction of any judgment
in any such action, suit or proceeding against him or her, provided he or she shall give the Company an opportunity, at its own
expense, to handle and defend the same before he or she undertakes to handle and defend it on his or her own behalf. The foregoing
right of indemnification shall be in addition to any other rights of indemnification or elimination of liability to which such
persons may be entitled under the Company’s articles of incorporation or by-laws, as a matter of law, or otherwise, or any
power that the Company may have to indemnify them or hold them harmless.
2.6
Minimum
Vesting Requirement for Awards.
Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan to the contrary and subject to the immediately
following proviso, equity-based Awards granted under the Plan shall vest no earlier than the first anniversary of the date the
Award is granted;
provided
,
however
, that the Committee may grant Awards without regard to the foregoing minimum
vesting requirement with respect to a maximum of five percent (5%) of the available Shares authorized for issuance under the Plan
pursuant to Section 3.1 (subject to adjustment under Section 3.4). For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 2.6 shall not be construed
to limit the Committee’s discretion to provide for accelerated exercisability or vesting of an Award, including in cases
of death, Disability or a Change of Control.
2.7
Treatment
of Dividends and Dividend Equivalents on Unvested Awards
. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan to the contrary,
with respect to any Award that provides for or includes a right to dividends or dividend equivalents, if dividends are declared
during the period that an equity Award is outstanding, such dividends (or dividend equivalents) shall either (i) not be paid or
credited with respect to such Award or (ii) be accumulated but remain subject to vesting requirement(s) to the same extent as the
applicable Award and shall only be paid at the time or times such vesting requirement(s) are satisfied. In no event shall dividends
or dividend equivalents be paid with respect to Options or Stock Appreciation Rights.
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3
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Available Shares of Stock Under the Plan
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3.1
Shares
Available for Awards
. Subject to the adjustments described in Section 3 herein, the maximum number of shares of Stock reserved
for the grant of Awards under the Plan shall be 1,280,000, less one (1) share for every one (1) share that was subject to an option
or stock appreciation right granted after March 31, 2017 under any Prior Plan and 1.15 shares for every one (1) share that was
subject to an award other than an option or stock appreciation right granted after March 31, 2017 under any Prior Plan. Any shares
of Stock that are subject to Options or SARs shall be counted against this limit as one (1) share for every one (1) share granted,
and any shares of Stock that are subject to Awards other than Options or SARs shall be counted against this limit as 1.15 shares
for every one (1) share granted. After the Effective Date of the Plan (as provided in Section 1.2), no awards may be granted under
any Prior Plan.
3.2
Forfeited,
Cancelled and Expired Awards
. Awards granted under the Plan, and awards outstanding after March 31, 2017 under any Prior Plan,
that are forfeited, expire or are canceled or settled without issuance of Stock shall not count against the maximum number of shares
that may be issued under the Plan as set forth in Section 3.1 and shall be available for future Awards under the Plan. Any Stock
that again becomes available for Awards under the Plan pursuant to this Section 3.2 shall be added as (i) one (1) share for every
one (1) share subject to Options or SARs granted under the Plan or options or stock appreciation rights granted under any Prior
Plan, and (ii) as 1.15 shares for every one (1) share subject to Awards other than Options or Stock Appreciation Rights granted
under the Plan or awards other than options or stock appreciation rights granted under any Prior Plan.
3.3
Prohibition
on Share Recycling.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, any and all Stock that is (i) withheld or tendered in payment
of an Option (or in payment of an option under any Prior Plan) exercise price; (ii) withheld by the Company or tendered by the
Grantee to satisfy any tax withholding obligation with respect to any Award (or any award under any Prior Plan); (iii) covered
by a SAR (or a stock appreciation right under any Prior Plan) (in each case, to the extent that it is settled in Stock, without
regard to the number of shares of Stock that are actually issued to the Grantee upon exercise); (iv) reacquired by the Company
on the open market or otherwise using cash proceeds from the exercise of Options (or options under any Prior Plan), shall not be
added to the maximum number of shares of Stock that may be issued under the Plan as set forth in Section 3.1.
3.4
Adjustments
.
In the event of any change in the Company’s capital structure, including but not limited to a change in the number of shares
of Stock outstanding, on account of (i) any stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or any similar equity restructuring,
or (ii) any combination or exchange of equity securities, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reorganization, or divesture
or any other similar event affecting the Company’s capital structure, to reflect such change in the Company’s capital
structure, the Committee shall make appropriate equitable adjustments to (a) the maximum number of shares of Stock that may be
issued under the Plan as set forth in Section 3.1, (b) the number of shares of Stock issuable upon outstanding Awards, (c) any
individual Award limitations or restrictions, as applicable, and (d) the exercise price and any performance conditions applicable
to outstanding Awards. In the event of any extraordinary dividend, divestiture or other distribution (other than ordinary cash
dividends) of assets to stockholders, or any transaction or event described above, to the extent necessary to prevent the enlargement
or diminution of the rights of Grantees, the Committee shall make appropriate equitable adjustments to the number or kind of shares
subject to an outstanding Award, the exercise price applicable to an outstanding Award, and/or a Performance Goals. Any adjustments
under this Section 3.4 shall be consistent with Section 409A or Section 424 of the Code, to the extent applicable, and made
in a manner that does not adversely affect the exemption provided pursuant to Rule 16b-3 or qualification under Section 162(m)
of the Code, to the extent each may be applicable. The Company shall give each Grantee notice of an adjustment to an Award hereunder
and, upon notice, such adjustment shall be final, binding and conclusive for all purposes. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee
shall decline to adjust any Award made to a Grantee if such adjustment would violate applicable law.
3.5
Fractional
Shares
. The Company shall not be obligated to issue any fractional shares of Stock in settlement of Awards granted under the
Plan. Except as otherwise provided in an Award Agreement or determined by the Committee, (i) the total number of shares issuable
pursuant to the exercise, vesting or earning of an Award shall be rounded down to the nearest whole share, and (ii) no fractional
shares shall be issued. The Committee may, in its discretion, determine that a fractional share shall be settled in cash.
3.6
Substitute
Awards; Plans of Acquired Companies
. Substitute Awards shall not count against the maximum number of shares that may be issued
under the Plan as set forth in Section 3.1. In addition, shares of Stock issued in connection with awards that are assumed, converted
or substituted as a result of the acquisition of another company by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company (including by
way of merger, combination or similar transaction) will not count against the number of shares of Stock that may be issued under
the Plan. Available shares under a stockholder-approved plan of an acquired company (as appropriately adjusted to reflect the transaction)
may be used for Awards under the Plan and do not reduce the maximum number of shares available for grant under the Plan, subject
to applicable stock exchange requirements.
4.1
General
.
The term of each Award shall be for such period as may be determined by the Committee, subject to the limitations set forth below.
Subject to the terms of the Plan and any applicable Award Agreement, payments to be made by the Company or any Subsidiary of the
Company upon the grant, maturation, or exercise of an Award may be made in such forms as the Committee shall determine at the date
of grant or thereafter, including, without limitation, cash, Stock, or other property. In addition to the foregoing, the Committee
may impose on any Award or the exercise thereof, at the date of grant, such additional terms and conditions not inconsistent with
the provisions of the Plan, including, but not limited to forfeiture and clawback provisions, as the Committee shall determine;
provided, however, that any such terms and conditions shall not be inconsistent with Section 409A of the Code.
4.2
Types
of Awards
. The Committee is authorized to grant the Awards described in this Section 4.2, under such terms and conditions
as deemed by the Committee to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan. Such Awards may be granted with value and payment contingent
upon Performance Goals. Each Award shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement containing such terms and conditions applicable to
such Award as the Committee shall determine.
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(i)
|
Options
. The Committee is authorized to grant Options to Grantees on the following terms
and conditions:
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|
a.
|
Type of Award
. The Award Agreement evidencing an Option shall designate the Option as either
an ISO or an NQSO, as determined in the discretion of the Committee. At the time of the grant of Options, the Committee may place
restrictions on the exercisability or vesting of Options that shall lapse, in whole or in part, upon the passage of time and/or
attainment of Performance Goals.
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b.
|
Exercise Price
. The exercise price of each Option granted under this Section 4.2 shall be established by the Committee
or shall be determined by a method established by the Committee at the time the Option is granted; provided, however, that the
exercise price shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock on the date of grant of the Award. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the exercise price of any Substitute Awards may be issued at any such price as the Committee determines necessary
in order to preserve for such newly Eligible Grantee the economic value of all or a portion of such acquired entity award.
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c.
|
Exercise
. Upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions relating to vesting and exercisability,
as determined by the Committee and set forth in the Award Agreement, and upon provision for the payment in full of the exercise
price and applicable taxes due, the Grantee shall be entitled to exercise the Option and receive the number of shares of Stock
issuable in connection with the Option exercise provided, however, that no Option may be exercised more than ten years after its
grant date. Except as set forth in Section 4.3, no NQSO granted hereunder may be exercised after the earlier of (A) the expiration
of the NQSO or (B) unless otherwise provided by the Committee in an Award Agreement, ninety days after the severance of an NQSO
holder’s employment or service with the Company or any Subsidiary The shares issued in connection with the Option exercise
may be subject to such conditions and restrictions as the Committee may determine, from time to time. An Option may be exercised
by any method as may be permitted by the Committee from time to time, including but not limited to any “net exercise”
or other “cashless” exercise method.
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|
d.
|
Restrictions Relating to ISOs
. In addition to being subject to the terms and conditions
of this Section 4.2(i), ISOs shall comply with all other requirements under Section 422 of the Code. Accordingly, ISOs may
be granted only to Eligible Grantees who are employees (as described in Treasury Regulation Section 1.421-7(h)) of the Company
or of any "Parent Corporation" (as defined in Code Section 424(e)) or of any "Subsidiary Corporation" (as defined
in Code Section 424(f)) on the date of grant. The aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the time the ISO is granted) of
the Stock with respect to which ISOs (under all option plans of the Company and of any Parent Corporation and of any Subsidiary
Corporation) are exercisable for the first time by an Eligible Grantee during any calendar year shall not exceed $100,000. ISOs
shall not be transferable by the Eligible Grantee otherwise than by will or the laws of descent and distribution and shall be exercisable,
during the Eligible Grantee's lifetime, only by such Eligible Grantee. The Committee shall not grant ISOs to any Employee who,
at the time the ISO is granted, owns stock possessing (after the application of the attribution rules of Section 424(d) of the
Code) more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting stock of the Company or of any Parent Corporation or of any Subsidiary
Corporation, unless the exercise price of the ISO is fixed at not less than one hundred and ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market
Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of grant and the exercise of such ISO is prohibited by its terms after the fifth (5th)
anniversary of the ISO's date of grant. In addition, no ISO shall be issued to an Eligible Grantee in tandem with a NQSO issued
to such Eligible Grantee in accordance with Treasury Regulation Section 14a.422A-1, Q/A-39.
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(ii)
|
SARs
. The Committee is authorized to grant SARs to Grantees on the following terms and conditions:
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|
a.
|
In General
. SARs may be granted independently or in tandem with an Option at the time of
grant of the related Option. An SAR granted in tandem with an Option shall be exercisable only to the extent the underlying Option
is exercisable. Payment of an SAR may be made in cash, Stock, or a combination of the foregoing, as specified in the Award Agreement
or determined in the sole discretion of the Committee. At the time of the grant of SARs, the Committee may place restrictions on
the exercisability or vesting of SARs that shall lapse, in whole or in part, upon the passage of time and/or the attainment of
Performance Goals.
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|
b.
|
Term and Exercisability of SARs
. SARs shall be exercisable over the exercise period at such
times and upon such conditions as the Committee may determine, as reflected in the Award Agreement; provided, however, that no
SAR may be exercised more than ten years after its grant date. Except as set forth in Section 4.3, no SAR granted hereunder
may be exercised after the earlier of (A) the expiration of the SAR or (B) unless otherwise provided by the Committee in an Award
Agreement, ninety days after the severance of an SAR holder’s employment or service with the Company or any Subsidiary.
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c.
|
Payment
. An SAR shall confer on the Grantee a right
to receive an amount with respect to each share of Stock subject thereto, upon exercise thereof, equal to the excess of (A) the
Fair Market Value of one share of Stock on the date of exercise over (B) the grant price of the SAR (which in the case of an SAR
granted in tandem with an Option shall be equal to the exercise price of the underlying Option, and which in the case of any other
SAR shall be such price as the Committee may determine but in no event shall be less than the Fair Market Value of a share of
Stock on the date of grant of such SAR). An SAR may be exercised by giving written notice of such exercise to the Committee or
its designated agent.
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(iii)
|
Restricted Stock
. The Committee is authorized to grant Restricted Stock to Grantees on the
following terms and conditions:
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|
a.
|
Issuance and Restrictions
. Restricted Stock shall be subject to such restrictions on transferability
and other restrictions, if any, as the Committee may impose at the date of grant, which restrictions may lapse separately or in
combination at such times, under such circumstances, in such installments, or otherwise, as the Committee may determine. The Committee
may place restrictions on Restricted Stock that shall lapse, in whole or in part, upon the passage of time and/or attainment of
Performance Goals. Except to the extent restricted under the Award Agreement relating to the Restricted Stock, a Grantee granted
Restricted Stock shall have all of the rights of a stockholder including, without limitation, the right to vote Restricted Stock
and the right to receive dividends thereon.
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b.
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Certificates for Stock
. Restricted Stock granted under the Plan may be evidenced in such
manner as the Committee shall determine. If certificates representing Restricted Stock are registered in the name of the Grantee,
such certificates shall bear an appropriate legend referring to the terms, conditions, and restrictions applicable to such Restricted
Stock, and the Company may retain physical possession of the certificate.
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c.
|
Dividends
. The Committee may not provide for the
current payment of dividends for Restricted Stock; for such Awards, dividends may accrue, but shall not be payable, unless and
until the Award vests. Stock distributed in connection with a stock split or stock dividend shall be subject to the transfer
restrictions, forfeiture risks and vesting conditions to the same extent as the Restricted Stock with respect to which such Stock
or other property has been distributed.
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(iv)
|
Restricted Stock Units
. The Committee is authorized to grant Restricted Stock Units to Grantees,
subject to the following terms and conditions:
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a.
|
Conditions to Vesting
. At the time of the grant of Restricted Stock Units, the Committee
may place restrictions on Restricted Stock Units that shall lapse, in whole or in part, upon the passage of time and/or attainment
of Performance Goals.
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|
b.
|
Benefit Upon Vesting
. Unless otherwise provided in an Award Agreement, upon the vesting
of a Restricted Stock Unit, there shall be delivered to the Grantee, within 30 days of the date on which such Award (or any portion
thereof) vests, the number of shares of Stock equal to the number of Restricted Stock Units becoming so vested.
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c.
|
Dividend Equivalents
. To the extent provided in
an Award Agreement, and subject to Section 2.7 and the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, an Award of Restricted Stock
Units may provide the Grantee with the right to receive dividend equivalent payments with respect to Stock subject to the Award,
which payments may be settled in cash or Stock, as determined by the Committee. Any such settlements and any crediting of dividend
equivalents may, at the time of grant of the Restricted Stock Unit, be made subject to the transfer restrictions, forfeiture risks,
vesting and conditions of the Restricted Stock Units and subject to such other conditions, restrictions and contingencies as the
Committee shall establish at the time of grant of the Restricted Stock Unit, including the reinvestment of such credited amounts
in Stock equivalents, provided that all such conditions, restrictions and contingencies shall comply with the requirements of
Section 409A of the Code.
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|
(v)
|
Other Stock-Based Awards
. The Committee is authorized to grant Awards to Grantees in the
form of Other Stock-Based Awards, as deemed by the Committee to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan. At the time of the
grant of Other Stock-Based Awards, the Committee may place restrictions on the payout or vesting of Other Stock-Based Awards that
shall lapse, in whole or in part, upon the passage of time and/or attainment of Performance Goals. The Committee shall determine
the terms and conditions of such Awards at the date of grant. Other Stock-Based Awards may not be granted with the right to receive
dividend equivalent payments.
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(vi)
|
Cash-Based Awards
. The Committee is authorized to grant Awards to Grantees in the form of
Cash-Based Awards, as deemed by the Committee to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan. At the time of the grant of Cash-Based
Awards, the Committee may place restrictions on the payout or vesting of Cash-Based Awards that shall lapse, in whole or in part,
upon the passage of time and/or attainment of Performance Goals. The Committee shall determine the terms and conditions of such
Awards at the date of grant.
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|
(vii)
|
Settlement of Options and SARs
. Shares of Stock delivered pursuant to the exercise of an
Option or SAR shall be subject to such conditions, restrictions and contingencies as the Committee may establish in the applicable
Award Agreement. Settlement of SARs may be made in shares of Stock (valued at their Fair Market Value at the time of exercise),
in cash, or in a combination thereof, as determined in the discretion of the Committee and set forth in the Award Agreement. The
Committee, in its discretion, may impose such conditions, restrictions and contingencies with respect to shares of Stock acquired
pursuant to the exercise of an Option or an SAR as the Committee determines to be desirable.
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|
(viii)
|
Vesting; Additional Terms
. Subject to Section 2.6
and except as provided in Section 4.3, Awards granted hereunder shall vest as determined by the Committee and set forth in the
Award Agreement. The term of any Award granted under the Plan will not exceed ten years from the date of grant.
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(ix)
|
Qualified Performance-Based Compensation
.
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|
a.
|
The Committee may determine that Restricted Stock, Restricted
Stock Units, Other Stock-Based Awards or Cash-Based Awards granted to a Covered Employee shall be considered “qualified
performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code, in which case the provisions of this Section 4.2(ix)
shall apply. As required pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder, the Committee’s
authority to grant new awards that are intended to qualify as performance-based compensation within the meaning of Section 162(m)
of the Code (other than qualifying Options and qualifying SARs) shall terminate upon the first meeting of the Company’s
stockholders that occurs in the fifth year following the year in which the Company’s stockholders first approve this Plan.
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|
b.
|
When Awards are made under this Section 4.2(ix), the Committee shall establish in writing (i) the
objective Performance Goals that must be met, (ii) the period during which performance will be measured, (iii) the maximum amounts
that may be paid if the Performance Goals are met, and (iv) any other conditions that the Committee deems appropriate and consistent
with the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code for “qualified performance-based compensation.” The Performance
Goals shall satisfy the requirements for “qualified performance-based compensation,” including the requirement that
the achievement of the goals be substantially uncertain at the time they are established and that the Performance Goals be established
in such a way that a third party with knowledge of the relevant facts could determine whether and to what extent the Performance
Goals have been met. The Committee shall not have discretion to increase the amount of compensation that is payable, but may reduce
the amount of compensation that is payable, pursuant to Awards identified by the Committee as “qualified performance-based
compensation.”
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|
c.
|
Performance Goals must be pre-established by the Committee. A Performance Goal is considered pre-established
if it is established in writing not later than 90 days after the commencement of the period of service to which the Performance
Goal relates, provided that the outcome is substantially uncertain at the time the Committee actually established the goal. However,
in no event will a Performance Goal be considered pre-established if it is established after 25% of the period of service (as scheduled
in good faith at the time the goal is established) has elapsed.
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|
d.
|
The Committee in its sole discretion shall have the authority to make adjustments to the Performance
Goals in recognition of events affecting the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or any Affiliated Company or the financial
statements of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or any Affiliated Company, for the following items: (1) asset write-downs;
(2) litigation or claim judgments or settlements; (3) the effect of changes in tax laws, accounting principles, regulations, or
other laws or regulations affecting reported results; (4) any reorganization and restructuring programs, including discontinued
operations; (5) acquisitions or divestitures; (6) unusual, infrequently occurring, nonrecurring or extraordinary items identified
in the Company’s audited financial statements, including footnotes; (7) any reorganization or change in the corporate or
capital structures of the Company; (8) foreign exchange gains and losses; (9) business interruption events; (10) annual incentive
payments or other bonuses; or (11) capital charges, provided such adjustment occurs in writing not later than 90 days after the
commencement of the period of service to which the Performance Goal relates (and in no event later than the date that 25% of the
period of service has elapsed). In addition, the Committee may specify that certain equitable adjustments to the Performance Goals
will be made during the applicable Performance Period, provided such specification occurs in writing not later than 90 days after
the commencement of the period of service to which the Performance Goal relates (and in no event later than the date that 25% of
the period of service has elapsed).
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|
e.
|
The Committee shall certify the performance results for
the performance period specified in the Award Agreement after the performance period ends. The Committee shall determine the amount,
if any, to be paid pursuant to each Award based on the achievement of the Performance Goals and the satisfaction of all other
terms of the Award Agreement. Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 3.4, the following limits will apply to Awards of the
specified type granted to any one Grantee in any single fiscal year:
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|
i.
|
Appreciation Awards – Options and SARs: 750,000 shares;
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|
ii.
|
Full Value Awards – Awards (other than Options and SARs) that are denominated in Shares:
500,000 shares; and
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|
iii.
|
Cash Awards – Awards that are denominated in cash: $5,000,000.
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|
|
In applying the foregoing limits, (a) all Awards of the specified type granted to the same Grantee in the same fiscal
year will be aggregated and made subject to one limit; (b) the limits applicable to Options and SARs refer to the number of
shares of Stock subject to those Awards; (c) the share limit under clause (ii) refers to the maximum number of shares of
Stock that may be delivered under an Award or Awards of the type specified in clause (ii) assuming a maximum payout; (d) the
dollar limit under clause (iii) refers to the maximum dollar amount payable under an Award or Awards of the type specified in
clause (iii) assuming a maximum payout, (e) the respective limits for Awards of the type specified in clause (ii) and clause
(iii) are only applicable to Awards that are intended to comply with the performance-based exception
under Section 162(m) of the Code, (f) if the Committee determines to settle a full-value Award specified in clause (ii)
in cash, the maximum aggregate amount of cash that may be paid pursuant to such Awards to any Participant in a fiscal year
shall be equal to the per share Fair Market Value as of the relevant payment or settlement date multiplied by the number of
Shares set forth in clause (ii), and (g) each of the specified limits in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) is multiplied by two (2)
for Awards granted to a Grantee in the year employment commences.
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|
f.
|
The Committee may provide in the Award Agreement that Awards under this Section 4.2(ix) shall
be payable, in whole or in part, in the event of the Grantee’s death or Disability, or under other circumstances consistent
with the Treasury regulations and rulings under Section 162(m) of the Code.
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|
(x)
|
Automatic Extended Exercisability in Certain Cases
. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions
of this Section, if the date an Award would otherwise terminate is a date that the Grantee is prohibited from exercising the Award
under the Company’s insider trading policy or such other conditions under applicable securities laws as the Committee shall
specify, the term of the Award shall be extended to the second business day after the Grantee is no longer so prohibited from exercising
the Award, but in no event shall the Award be extended beyond the original stated term of the Award.
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4.3
Change
of Control of the Company.
|
(i)
|
The Committee may, at the time an Award is made or at any time prior to, coincident with or after
the time of a Change of Control:
|
|
a.
|
provide for the adjustment of any Performance Goals as the Committee deems necessary or appropriate
to reflect the Change of Control;
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|
b.
|
provide for the cancellation of any Awards then outstanding if the surviving entity or acquiring
entity (or the surviving or acquiring entity’s parent company) in the Change of Control replaces the Awards with new rights
of substantially equivalent value, as determined by the Committee. For an Award to be validly assumed by a successor for purpose
of this Section 4.3(b), it must (x) provide such Grantee with rights and entitlements substantially equivalent to or better than
the rights, terms and conditions applicable under such Award, including, but not limited to, an identical or better exercise or
vesting schedules; (y) have substantially equivalent value to such Award (determined at the time of the Change of Control); and
(z) be based on stock that is traded on an established U.S. securities market or an established securities market outside the United
Stated upon which the Grantees could readily trade the stock without administrative burdens or complexities. In the event of any
ambiguity or discrepancy, the determination of the Committee shall be final and binding;
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|
c.
|
provide that upon an involuntary termination of a Grantee’s employment as a result of a Change
of Control, any time periods shall accelerate, and any other conditions relating to the vesting, exercise, payment or distribution
of an Award shall be waived; or
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|
d.
|
provide that Awards shall be purchased for an amount of cash equal to the amount that could have
been obtained for the shares covered by a Restricted Stock Award if it had been vested and or by an Option or SAR if it had been
exercised at the time of the Change of Control, provided however that Awards outstanding as of the date of the Change of Control
may be cancelled and terminated without payment if the consideration payable with respect to one share of Stock in connection with
the Change of Control is less than the exercise price or grant price applicable to such Award, as applicable.
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4.4
Limitation
on Award Grants to Non-Employee Directors
. The maximum number of shares of Stock subject to Awards granted during a single
fiscal year to any non-employee director, taken together with any cash fees paid to such non-employee director during the fiscal
year, shall not exceed $350,000 in total value (calculating the value of any such Awards based on the grant date fair value of
such Awards for financial reporting purposes);
provided
, that the Board may make exceptions to this limit for individual
non-employee directors in extraordinary circumstances as the Board may determine in its sole discretion, so long as the aggregate
limit does not exceed $500,000 in total value during a fiscal year.
5.1
Duration
.
Grants may be made under the Plan through [*], 2027. In the event of Plan termination while Awards remain outstanding, the Plan
shall remain in effect as long as any Awards under it are outstanding, although no further grants may be made following Plan termination.
5.2
Uncertificated
Stock
. Nothing contained in the Plan shall prohibit the issuance of Stock on an uncertificated basis, to the extent allowed
by the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, by applicable law and by the applicable rules of any stock exchange.
5.3
Tax
Withholding
. All distributions under the Plan are subject to withholding of all applicable taxes, and the Committee may condition
the delivery of any shares or other benefits under the Plan on satisfaction of the applicable withholding obligations. The Committee,
in its discretion, and subject to such requirements as the Committee may impose prior to the occurrence of such withholding, may
permit such withholding obligations to be satisfied through cash payment by the Grantee, through the surrender of shares of Stock
which the Grantee already owns, through withholding from other compensation payable to the Grantee or through the surrender of
unrestricted shares of Stock to which the Grantee is otherwise entitled under the Plan, but only to the extent of the minimum amount
required to be withheld under applicable law (or, if permitted by the Company, such other withholding rate as will not cause adverse
accounting consequences and is permitted under applicable IRS withholding rules).
5.4
Use
of Shares.
Subject to the limitations on the number of shares of Stock that may be delivered under the Plan, the Committee
may use available shares of Stock as the form of payment for compensation, grants or rights earned or due under any other compensation
plans or arrangements of the Company or a Subsidiary, including the plans and arrangements of the Company or a Subsidiary assumed
in business combinations.
5.5
Nontransferability
.
Awards granted under the Plan, and during any period of restriction on transferability, shares of Common Stock issued in connection
with the exercise of an Option or a SAR, or vesting of a Restricted Stock Award may not be sold, pledged, hypothecated, assigned,
margined or otherwise transferred by a Grantee in any manner other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution, unless
and until the shares underlying such Award have been issued, and all restrictions applicable to such shares have lapsed or have
been waived by the Committee. No Award or interest or right therein shall be subject to the debts, contracts or engagements of
a Grantee or his or her successors in interest or shall be subject to disposition by transfer, alienation, anticipation, pledge,
encumbrance, assignment or any other means whether such disposition be voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law, by judgment,
lien, levy, attachment, garnishment or any other legal or equitable proceedings (including bankruptcy and divorce), and any attempted
disposition thereof shall be null and void, of no effect, and not binding on the Company in any way. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the Committee may permit Options and/or shares issued in connection with an Option or a SAR exercise that are subject to restrictions
on transferability, to be transferred one time and without payment or consideration to a member of a Grantee’s immediate
family or to a trust or similar vehicle for the benefit of a Grantee’s immediate family members. During the lifetime of a
Grantee, all rights with respect to Awards shall be exercisable only by such Grantee or, if applicable pursuant to the preceding
sentence, a permitted transferee.
5.6
Form
and Time of Elections
. Unless otherwise specified herein, each election required or permitted to be made by any Grantee
or other person entitled to benefits under the Plan, and any permitted modification, or revocation thereof, shall be in writing
filed with the Committee at such times, in such form, and subject to such restrictions and limitations, not inconsistent with the
terms of the Plan, as the Committee shall require.
5.7
Agreement
with Company
. An Award under the Plan shall be subject to such terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the Plan, as the
Committee shall, in its sole discretion, prescribe. The terms and conditions of any Award to any Grantee shall be reflected in
such form of written document as is determined by the Committee. A copy of such document shall be provided to the Grantee, and
the Committee may, but need not, require that the Grantee shall sign a copy of such document. Such document is referred to in the
Plan as an “Award Agreement” regardless of whether any Grantee signature is required.
5.8
Gender
and Number
. Where the context admits, words in any gender shall include any other gender, words in the singular shall include
the plural and the plural shall include the singular.
5.9
Limitation
of Implied Rights.
|
(ii)
|
The Plan shall at all times be unfunded and neither a Grantee nor any other person shall, by reason
of participation in the Plan, acquire any right in or title to any assets, funds or property of the Company or any Subsidiary whatsoever,
including, without limitation, any specific funds, assets, or other property which the Company or any Subsidiary, in its sole discretion,
may set aside in anticipation of a liability under the Plan. Nothing contained in the Plan and no action taken pursuant hereto
shall create or be construed to create a fiduciary relationship between the Company and any Grantee or any other person. A Grantee
shall have only a contractual right to the Stock or amounts, if any, payable under the Plan, unsecured by any assets of the Company
or any Subsidiary, and nothing contained in the Plan shall constitute a guarantee that the assets of the Company or any Subsidiary
shall be sufficient to pay any benefits to any person.
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|
(iii)
|
The Plan does not constitute a contract of employment or service, and selection as a Grantee
will not give any participating Employee, Non-Employee Director or Key Advisor the right to be retained in the employ or service
of the Company or any Subsidiary, nor any right or claim to any benefit under the Plan, unless such right or claim has specifically
accrued under the terms of the Plan. Except as otherwise provided in the Plan or the Award Agreement, no Award under the Plan shall
confer upon the holder thereof any rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the date on which the individual fulfills all
conditions for receipt of such rights.
|
5.10
Section 409A
.
It is intended that all Options and SARs granted under the Plan shall be exempt from the provisions of Section 409A of the
Code and that all other Awards under the Plan, to the extent that they constitute “non-qualified deferred compensation”
within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, will comply with Section 409A of the Code (and any regulations and guidelines
issued thereunder). The Plan and any Award Agreements issued hereunder may be amended in any respect deemed by the Board or the
Committee to be necessary in order to preserve compliance with Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding anything in this
Plan to the contrary, if required by Section 409A of the Code, if a Grantee is considered a “specified employee”
for purposes of Section 409A of the Code and if payment of any Award under this Plan is required to be delayed for a period
of six months after “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, payment of such
Award shall be delayed as required by Section 409A of the Code, and the accumulated amounts with respect to such Award shall
be paid in a lump sum payment within ten days after the end of the six month period. If the Grantee dies during the postponement
period prior to the payment of benefits, the amounts withheld on account of Section 409A of the Code shall be paid to the
Grantee’s beneficiary within sixty (60) days after the date of the Grantee’s death. For purposes of Section 409A
of the Code, each payment under the Plan shall be treated as a separate payment. In no event shall a Grantee, directly or indirectly,
designate the calendar year of payment. To the extent that any provision of the Plan would cause a conflict with the requirements
of section 409A of the Code, or would cause the administration of the Plan to fail to satisfy the requirements of Section 409A
of the Code, such provision shall be deemed null and void to the extent permitted by applicable law. Notwithstanding anything in
the Plan or any Award Agreement to the contrary, each Grantee shall be solely responsible for the tax consequences of Awards under
the Plan, and in no event shall the Company have any responsibility or liability if an Award does not meet any applicable requirements
of Section 409A of the Code. Although the Company intends to administer the Plan to prevent taxation under Section 409A
of the Code, the Company does not represent or warrant that the Plan or any Award complies with any provision of federal, state,
local or other tax law.
5.11
Regulations
and Other Approvals
.
|
(i)
|
The obligation of the Company to sell or deliver Stock with respect to any Award granted under
the Plan shall be subject to all applicable laws, rules and regulations, including all applicable federal and state securities
laws, and the obtaining of all such approvals by governmental agencies as may be deemed necessary or appropriate by the Committee.
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|
(ii)
|
Each Award is subject to the requirement that, if at any time the Committee determines, in its
absolute discretion, that the listing, registration or qualification of Stock issuable pursuant to the Plan is required by any
securities exchange or under any state or federal law, or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory body is necessary
or desirable as a condition of, or in connection with, the grant of an Award or the issuance of Stock, no such Award shall
be granted or payment made or Stock issued, in whole or in part, unless listing, registration, qualification, consent or approval
has been effected or obtained free of any conditions not acceptable to the Committee.
|
|
(iii)
|
In the event that the disposition of Stock acquired pursuant to the Plan is not covered by a then
current registration statement under the Securities Act and is not otherwise exempt from such registration, such Stock shall be
restricted against transfer to the extent required by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or regulations thereunder, and applicable
state securities laws, and the Committee may require a Grantee receiving Stock pursuant to the Plan, as a condition precedent to
receipt of such Stock, to represent to the Company in writing that the Stock acquired by such Grantee is acquired for investment
only and not with a view to distribution.
|
|
(iv)
|
With respect to persons subject to section 16 of the 1934 Act, it is the intent of the Company
that the Plan and all transactions under the Plan comply with all applicable provisions of Rule 16b-3.
|
|
(v)
|
All Awards under the Plan will be subject to any compensation, clawback and recoupment policies
that may be applicable to the employees of the Company, as in effect from time to time and as approved by the Board or Committee,
whether or not approved before or after the Effective Date. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, any such compensation,
clawback and recoupment policies shall apply to Awards made after the effective date of the policy.
|
5.12
Non-Employee
Director Award Deferrals
. The Committee may permit a Non-Employee Director to defer receipt of the payment of cash or the delivery
of shares that would otherwise be due to such Non-Employee Director in connection with any Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock
Units, Other Stock-Based Awards or Cash-Based Awards. If any such deferral election is permitted, the Committee shall establish
rules and procedures for such deferrals and may provide for interest or other earnings to be paid on such deferrals, which rules
and procedures shall be consistent with applicable requirements of Section 409A of the Code. Unless otherwise specified in
a Non-Employee Director’s valid election, any deferred amount will be deferred until the earliest to occur of the Non-Employee
Director’s death, separation from service, or Change of Control; provided that any such deferral election is made by
the Non-Employee Director on or prior to December 31 of the calendar year preceding the calendar year in which any such amounts
are earned, or, if such Non-Employee Director is newly eligible for purposes of Section 409A of the Code, then within 30 days
following the date he or she is first eligible, and then only with respect to amounts earned after the date of the election.
|
6
|
Amendment and Termination
|
The
Plan may be terminated or amended by the Board at any time, except that the following actions may not be taken without stockholder
approval:
|
(i)
|
any increase in the number of shares that may be issued under the Plan (except by certain adjustments
provided for under the Plan);
|
|
(ii)
|
any change in the class of persons eligible to receive ISOs under the Plan;
|
(iii) any change in the requirements of Sections
4.2(i)(b) and 4.2(ii)(c) hereof regarding the exercise price of Options and the grant price of SARs;
|
(iv)
|
any repricing or cancellation and regrant of any Option or, if applicable, other Award at a lower
exercise, base or purchase price, as set forth in Section 2.3; or
|
|
(v)
|
any other amendment to the Plan that would require approval of the Company’s stockholders
under applicable law, regulation or rule or stock exchange listing requirement.
|
Notwithstanding
any of the foregoing, adjustments pursuant to Section 3 shall not be subject to the foregoing limitations of this Section 6.
The
Plan and all Award Agreements entered into under the Plan shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the
State of New York, except that any principles or provisions of New York law that would apply the law of another jurisdiction (other
than applicable provisions of U.S. Federal law) shall be disregarded. Notwithstanding the foregoing, matters with respect to indemnification,
delegation of authority under the Plan, and the legality of shares of Stock issued under the Plan, shall be governed by the Nevada
Revised Statutes.
If
any of the provision of this Plan is finally held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable (whether in whole or in part), such provision
shall be deemed modified to the extent, but only to the extent, of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability and the remaining
provisions shall not be affected thereby; provided that, if any such provision is finally held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable
because it exceeds the maximum scope determined to be acceptable to permit such provision to be enforceable, such provision shall
be deemed modified to the minimum extent necessary in order to make such provision enforceable.
|
9
|
Clawback and Noncompete
|
Notwithstanding
any other provisions of this Plan, any Award which is subject to recovery under any law, government regulation, stock exchange
listing requirement, or Company policy, will be subject to such deductions and clawback as may be required to be made pursuant
to such law, government regulation or stock exchange listing requirement, or any policy adopted by the Company whether pursuant
to any such law, government regulation or stock exchange listing requirement or otherwise. In addition and notwithstanding any
other provisions of this Plan, any Award shall be subject to such noncompete provisions under the terms of the Agreement or any
other agreement or policy adopted by the Company, including, without limitation, any such terms providing for immediate termination
and forfeiture of an Award if and when a Participant becomes an employee, agent or principal of a competitor without the express
written consent of the Company.
* * * * *
Appendix B
CERTIFICATE
OF AMENDMENT
TO ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION FOR NEVADA PROFIT CORPORATIONS
(Pursuant to NRS
78.385 and 78.390 – After Issuance of Stock)
1. Name
of corporation:
Tonix
Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.
2. The
articles have been amended as follows (provide article numbers, if available):
Article
IV is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows:
“IV. AUTHORIZATION OF CAPITAL
STOCK: The Corporation is authorized to issue two classes of stock. One class of stock shall be Common Stock, par value $0.001.
The second class of stock shall be Preferred Stock, par value $0.001.
The Preferred Stock, or any series
thereof, shall have such designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications,
limitations or restrictions thereof as shall be expressed in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of such stock
adopted by the board of directors and may be made dependent upon facts ascertainable outside such resolution or resolutions of
the board of directors, provided that the matter in which such facts shall operate upon such designations, preferences, rights
and qualifications; limitations or restrictions of such class or series of stock is clearly and expressly set forth in the resolution
or resolutions providing for the issuance of such stock by the board of directors.
The total number of shares of stock
of each class which the Corporation shall have authority to issue and the par value of each share of each class of stock are as
follows:
Class
|
|
Par Value
|
|
|
Authorized Shares
|
|
Common
|
|
$
|
0.001
|
|
|
|
150,000,000
|
|
Preferred
|
|
$
|
0.001
|
|
|
|
5,000,000
|
|
|
|
|
Total:
|
|
|
|
155,000,000”
|
|
3. The
vote by which the stockholders holding shares in the corporation entitling them to exercise at least a majority of the voting power,
or such greater proportion of the voting power as may be required in the case of a vote by classes or series, or as may be required
by the provisions of the articles of incorporation have voted in favor of the amendment is: ____%
4. Effective
date and time of filing: (optional) Date: ____________ Time:
5. Signature:
(required)
Appendix C
CERTIFICATE
OF AMENDMENT
TO ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION FOR NEVADA PROFIT CORPORATIONS
(Pursuant to NRS
78.385 and 78.390 – After Issuance of Stock)
1. Name
of corporation:
Tonix
Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.
2. The
articles have been amended as follows (provide article numbers, if available):
Article
VI is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows:
“VI. DIRECTORS: The number
of directors may, pursuant to the by-laws, be increased or decreased by the Board of Directors, provided there shall be no less
than one (1) nor more than ten (10) directors.”
3. The
vote by which the stockholders holding shares in the corporation entitling them to exercise at least a majority of the voting power,
or such greater proportion of the voting power as may be required in the case of a vote by classes or series, or as may be required
by the provisions of the articles of incorporation have voted in favor of the amendment is: ____%
4. Effective
date and time of filing: (optional) Date:
____________ Time:
5. Signature:
(required)
Appendix D
CERTIFICATE
OF AMENDMENT
TO ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION FOR NEVADA PROFIT CORPORATIONS
(Pursuant to NRS
78.385 and 78.390 – After Issuance of Stock)
1. Name
of corporation:
Tonix
Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.
2. The
articles have been amended as follows (provide article numbers, if available):
Article
XI is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows:
“XI. LIMITED LIABILITY: The
liability of the directors and officers of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the
Nevada Revised Statutes. If the Nevada Revised Statutes are amended to further eliminate or limit or authorize corporate action
to further eliminate or limit the liability of directors or officers, the liability of directors and officers of the Corporation
shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the Nevada Revised Statutes, as so amended from time to time.
Any repeal or modification of this Article XI approved by the stockholders of the Corporation shall be prospective only, and shall
not adversely affect any limitation on the liability of a director or officer of the Corporation existing as of the time of such
repeal or modification. In the event of any conflict between this Article XI and any other Article of the Corporation’s articles
of incorporation, the terms and provisions of this Article XI shall control.”
3. The
vote by which the stockholders holding shares in the corporation entitling them to exercise at least a majority of the voting power,
or such greater proportion of the voting power as may be required in the case of a vote by classes or series, or as may be required
by the provisions of the articles of incorporation have voted in favor of the amendment is: ____%
4. Effective
date and time of filing: (optional) Date:
____________ Time:
5. Signature:
(required)
Appendix E
CERTIFICATE
OF AMENDMENT
TO ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION FOR NEVADA PROFIT CORPORATIONS
(Pursuant to NRS
78.385 and 78.390 – After Issuance of Stock)
1. Name
of corporation:
Tonix
Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.
2. The
articles have been amended as follows (provide article numbers, if available):
The
last sentence of the first paragraph of Article XII is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows:
“The
rights conferred in this Article XII shall be contract rights, and in addition to any other rights of indemnification permitted
by the laws of the State of Nevada or as may be provided for by the Corporation in these Articles of Incorporation, the Corporation’s
bylaws or by agreement, the expenses of directors and officers incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding,
involving alleged acts or omissions of such director or officer in his or her capacity as a director or officer of the Corporation,
must be paid, by the Corporation or through insurance purchased and maintained by the Corporation or through other financial arrangements
made by the Corporation, as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding, upon receipt
of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent
jurisdiction that he or she is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation. Any repeal or modification of this Article XII
approved by the stockholders of the Corporation shall be prospective only, and shall not adversely affect any limitation on the
liability of a director or officer of the Corporation existing as of the time of such repeal or modification. In the event of any
conflict between this Article XII and any other Article of the Corporation’s articles of incorporation, the terms and provisions
of this Article XII shall control.”
3. The
vote by which the stockholders holding shares in the corporation entitling them to exercise at least a majority of the voting power,
or such greater proportion of the voting power as may be required in the case of a vote by classes or series, or as may be required
by the provisions of the articles of incorporation have voted in favor of the amendment is: ____%
4. Effective
date and time of filing: (optional) Date:
____________ Time:
5. Signature:
(required)
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