UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 8-K
 
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
Date of report (Date of earliest event reported):  December 15, 2014

PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation)

001-33630
 
20-3690109
(Commission File Number)
 
(IRS Employer Identification No.)

665 Anderson Street
Winnemucca, Nevada
89445
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(775) 625-3600
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
N/A
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
 
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instructions A.2 below):
 
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 40.14d-2(b))
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
 


Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.

Merger Agreement

On December 16, 2014, Paramount Gold and Silver Corp. (“Paramount”), Paramount Nevada Gold Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Paramount (“SpinCo”), Coeur Mining, Inc. (“Coeur”) and Hollywood Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Coeur, entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), providing for the acquisition of Paramount by Coeur and, prior to such acquisition, the spin-off of Paramount’s mining assets in Nevada to Paramount’s stockholders.  Specifically, (1) Merger Sub will merge with and into Paramount, with Paramount surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Coeur (the “Merger”), and (2) immediately prior to the Merger, Paramount will dividend to its stockholders all of the shares that it then holds in SpinCo (the “Spin-Off”).  At the time of the Spin-Off, SpinCo will hold Paramount’s mining assets in Nevada.

Spin-Off

The Merger Agreement provides that, prior to the Spin-Off, (1) Coeur will make a loan to Paramount in the principal amount of $8,530,000 and Paramount will contribute all of the proceeds of such loan to SpinCo as an equity contribution, and (2) SpinCo will issue to Coeur, in exchange for a cash payment by Coeur in the amount of $1,470,000, newly issued shares of SpinCo common stock amounting to 4.9% of the outstanding SpinCo common stock after issuance.  Paramount and SpinCo will then enter into a separation agreement, and Paramount will effect the Spin-Off by paying a dividend to Paramount’s stockholders on a pro rata basis all of the shares of SpinCo common stock then held by Paramount.  After effectuating the Spin-Off, Paramount’s stockholders will own approximately 95.1% of SpinCo, which will be a standalone, publicly traded company, and Coeur will own the remaining 4.9%.

Merger

Immediately following the completion of the Spin-Off, the parties will consummate the Merger, pursuant to which each issued and outstanding share of Paramount’s common stock will be converted into the right to receive 0.2016 shares of common stock of Coeur.  After giving effect to the Merger, it is projected that Paramount’s stockholders will also own approximately 24% of Coeur’s common stock, while existing stockholders of Coeur will continue to own the remaining 76%.  No fractional shares of Coeur’s common stock will be issued in the Merger, and Paramount’s stockholders will receive cash in lieu of any such fractional shares.

The Merger Agreement was unanimously approved by the board of directors of all parties.

The consummation of the Merger is subject to customary closing conditions, including, among others:  (i) the approval by Paramount’s stockholders of the Merger, (ii) the approval by Coeur’s stockholders of the issuance of Coeur’s common stock to Paramount’s stockholders, (iii) Mexican antitrust clearance, (iv) the absence of legal restraints preventing consummation of the Merger, (v) the approval for listing by the NYSE of Coeur’s common stock issuable to Paramount’s stockholders, (vi) the effectiveness of certain filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, (vii) the consummation of the Spin-Off, (viii) the absence of a material adverse effect on either Coeur or Paramount, and (ix) receipt of opinions from legal counsel regarding the tax treatment of the Merger.

The Merger Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants.  Certain covenants require that each of the parties:  (i) to use reasonable best efforts to cause the Merger to be consummated, including with regard to obtaining all governmental and regulatory approvals, and (ii) to call and hold a special stockholders’ meeting and, in the case of Paramount, recommend approval of the Merger, and, in the case of Coeur, recommend approval of the issuance of Coeur’s common stock.  In addition, Paramount has agreed not to solicit alternative transaction proposals.

The Merger Agreement contains certain termination rights and provides that (i) upon the termination of the Merger Agreement under specified circumstances, including a change in the recommendation of the Paramount’s board of directors, Paramount will owe Coeur a cash breakup fee of $5 million, and (ii) upon the termination of the Merger Agreement under some other specified circumstances, including a change in the recommendation of the Coeur’s board of directors, Coeur will owe Paramount cash liquidated damages of $5 million.  In addition, Coeur or Paramount may be entitled to receive an expense reimbursement of up to $1.5 million by the other party under certain circumstances.
 

The foregoing description of the Merger Agreement is not a complete description of all of the parties’ rights and obligations under the Merger Agreement.  The above description is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Merger Agreement, which is filed as Exhibit 2.1 hereto and is incorporated herein by reference.

The Merger Agreement has been attached as an exhibit to provide investors and security holders with information regarding its terms. It is not intended to provide any other factual information about Coeur or Paramount or any of their respective affiliates or businesses.  The representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in the Merger Agreement were made only for the purposes of such agreement and as of specified dates, were solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, and may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties.  The representations and warranties may have been made for the purposes of allocating contractual risk between the parties to the Merger Agreement instead of establishing these matters as facts, and may be subject to standards of materiality applicable to the contracting parties that differ from those applicable to investors.  Investors and security holders are not third-party beneficiaries under the Merger Agreement and should not rely on the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements or any descriptions thereof as characterizations of the actual state of facts or condition of Coeur or Paramount or any of their respective affiliates or businesses.

Royalty Agreement

On December 16, 2014, Paramount, Paramount Gold de Mexico S.A. de C.V., Minera Gama S.A. de C.V., and Coeur Mexicana S.A. de C.V entered into a royalty agreement (the “Royalty Agreement”) whereby Couer Mexicana was granted a royalty right for a 0.7% net smelter returns royalty in respect of the San Miguel Project in consideration for paying $5,250,000 to Paramount and Paramount Gold de Mexico.

The foregoing description of the Royalty Agreement is not a complete description of all of the parties’ rights and obligations under the Royalty Agreement.  The above description is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Royalty Agreement, which is filed as Exhibit 10.1 hereto and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 5.03 Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Changes in Fiscal Year.

Effective December 15, 2014 the board of directors of Paramount approved an amendment of Paramount’s bylaws. The amendment added a new Article 7 that specifies that the sole and exclusive forum for certain actions involving Paramount shall be the Delaware Court of Chancery, unless Paramount consents in writing to the selection of an alternate forum.

Item 8.01 Other Events.

On December 17, 2014, Paramount issued a press release announcing the Merger Agreement. A copy of the press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 The foregoing description is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of such press release.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This communication and related documents may include "forward-looking statements" including, but not limited to, statements related to the anticipated benefits of (and timing of the transactions contemplated by) the Merger Agreement, the Spin-Off transaction, and the royalty transaction. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical fact and are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties which could cause actual events to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements including fluctuations in the price of gold, inability to complete drill programs on time and on budget, and future financing ability. Paramount’s future expectations, beliefs, goals, plans or prospects constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other applicable securities laws. Words such as "believes," "plans," "anticipates," "expects," "estimates" and similar expressions should also be considered to be forward-looking statements. There are a number of important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to: uncertainties involving interpretation of drilling results, environmental matters, lack of ability to obtain required permitting, equipment breakdown or disruptions, and the other factors described in Paramount’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2014 and its most recent quarterly reports filed with the SEC.
 

Except as required by applicable law, Paramount disclaims any intention or obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of developments occurring after the date of this document.

Additional Information and Where to Find It

The proposed transaction will be submitted to Paramount’s stockholders for their consideration. In connection with the proposed transaction, Coeur will file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-4 that will include a joint proxy statement of Coeur and Paramount that will also constitute a prospectus of Coeur. In addition, SpinCo, a subsidiary of Paramount, intends to file a registration statement on Form S-1 that will constitute a prospectus of SpinCo. Investors and security holders are urged to read the joint proxy statement and registration statements/prospectuses and any other relevant documents filed with the SEC when they become available, because they will contain important information.  Investors and security holders may obtain a free copy of the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other documents (when available) that Coeur and Paramount file with the SEC at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, these documents may be obtained from Coeur free of charge by directing a request to investors@coeur.com, or from Paramount free of charge by directing a request to ctheo@paramountgold.com.

Participants in Solicitation

Paramount, Coeur, and certain of their respective directors and executive officers may be deemed to be participants in the proposed transaction under the rules of the SEC. Investors and security holders may obtain information regarding the names, affiliations and interests of Coeur’s directors and executive officers in Paramount’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2014, which was filed with the SEC on September 9, 2014, and its definitive proxy statement for its 2014 Annual Meeting, which was filed with the SEC on October 24, 2014. Information regarding the names, affiliations and interests of Coeur’s directors and executive officers may be found in Coeur’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, which was filed with the SEC on February 26, 2014, and its proxy statement for its 2014 Annual Meeting, which was filed with the SEC on March 31, 2014. These documents can be obtained free of charge from the sources listed above. Additional information regarding the interests of these individuals will also be included in the joint proxy statement/prospectus regarding the proposed transaction when it becomes available.
 
Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
 
(d) List of Exhibits
 
Exhibit No.
Description
Exhibit 2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 16, 2014, among Paramount Gold and Silver Corp., Paramount Nevada Gold Corp., Coeur Mining, Inc., and Hollywood Merger Sub, Inc.
Exhibit 3.1
Amendment No.1 to Restated Bylaws of Paramount Gold and Siver Corp., effective as of December 15, 2014.
 
Exhibit 10.1
Royalty Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2014, among Paramount, Paramount Gold de Mexico S.A. de C.V., Minera Gama S.A. de C.V., and Coeur Mexicana S.A. de C.V.
Exhibit 99.1
Press Release dated December 17, 2014.
 

SIGNATURE
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
 
 
PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP.
 
Date:  December 18, 2014
By:
/s/ Christopher Crupi
  Name:
Christopher Crupi
  Title:
President and Chief Executive Officer
 

Exhibit Index
 
Exhibit No.
Description
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 16, 2014, among Paramount Gold and Silver Corp., Paramount Nevada Gold Corp., Coeur Mining, Inc., and Hollywood Merger Sub, Inc.
Amendment No.1 to Restated Bylaws of Paramount Gold and Siver Corp., effective as of December 15, 2014.
 
Royalty Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2014, among Paramount, Paramount Gold de Mexico S.A. de C.V., Minera Gama S.A. de C.V., and Coeur Mexicana S.A. de C.V.
Press Release dated December 17, 2014.
 
 




Exhibit 2.1
 
 
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
 
among
 
COEUR MINING, INC.
 
HOLLYWOOD MERGER SUB, INC.,
 
PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP.
 
and
 
PARAMOUNT NEVADA GOLD CORP.
 
Dated as of December 16, 2014
 
 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
ARTICLE I THE MERGER
2
   
SECTION 1.1
The Merger
2
SECTION 1.2
Closing
2
SECTION 1.3
Effective Time
2
SECTION 1.4
Effects of the Merger
3
SECTION 1.5
Certificate of Incorporation; Bylaws
3
SECTION 1.6
Directors
3
SECTION 1.7
Officers
3
     
ARTICLE II EFFECT ON THE CAPITAL STOCK OF THE CONSTITUENT CORPORATIONS
3
   
SECTION 2.1
Conversion of Capital Stock
3
SECTION 2.2
Treatment of Options and Other Equity-Based Awards
4
SECTION 2.3
Exchange of Company Common Stock
5
SECTION 2.4
Withholding Rights
8
     
ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
8
   
SECTION 3.1
Organization, Standing and Power
8
SECTION 3.2
Capitalization
8
SECTION 3.3
Subsidiaries
10
SECTION 3.4
Authority
10
SECTION 3.5
No Conflict; Consents and Approvals
11
SECTION 3.6
Public Filings; Financial Statements
12
SECTION 3.7
No Undisclosed Liabilities
14
SECTION 3.8
Absence of Certain Changes or Events
15
SECTION 3.9
Litigation
15
SECTION 3.10
Compliance with Laws
15
SECTION 3.11
Benefit Plans
16
SECTION 3.12
Labor Matters
17
SECTION 3.13
Environmental Matters
18
SECTION 3.14
Taxes
19
SECTION 3.15
Contracts
20
SECTION 3.16
Insurance
22
SECTION 3.17
Personal Property
22
SECTION 3.18
Spin-Off
23
SECTION 3.19
San Miguel Technical Report
25
SECTION 3.20
San Miguel Mining Rights and Real Property
25
SECTION 3.21
Intellectual Property
29
SECTION 3.22
State Takeover Statutes
30
SECTION 3.23
Related Party Transactions
30
SECTION 3.24
Brokers
30
SECTION 3.25
Opinion of Financial Advisor
30
 
i

ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB
31
   
SECTION 4.1
Organization, Standing and Power
31
SECTION 4.2
Capitalization
31
SECTION 4.3
Authority
32
SECTION 4.4
No Conflict; Consents and Approvals
33
SECTION 4.5
Public Filings; Financial Statements
34
SECTION 4.6
Absence of Certain Changes or Events
35
SECTION 4.7
Reorganization
35
SECTION 4.8
Merger Sub
35
SECTION 4.9
Litigation
35
SECTION 4.10
No Undisclosed Liabilities
36
SECTION 4.11
Brokers
36
     
ARTICLE V COVENANTS
36
   
SECTION 5.1
Conduct of Business of the Company
36
SECTION 5.2
No Solicitation; Recommendation of the Merger by the Company Board
39
SECTION 5.3
Recommendation of the Stock Issuance by the Parent Board
42
SECTION 5.4
Preparation of Proxies Statements and Form S-4; Company Stockholders Meeting; Parent Stockholders Meeting
42
SECTION 5.5
Cooperation with Spin-Off Activities
46
SECTION 5.6
Preparation of Form S-1; Consummation of the Spin-Off
46
SECTION 5.7
Access to Information; Confidentiality
48
SECTION 5.8
Efforts to Consummate the Merger and Spin-Off
49
SECTION 5.9
Takeover Laws
51
SECTION 5.10
Notification of Certain Matters
51
SECTION 5.11
Indemnification, Exculpation and Insurance
51
SECTION 5.12
Stock Exchange Listing
52
SECTION 5.13
Public Announcements
52
SECTION 5.14
Section 16 Matters
52
SECTION 5.15
Director Shares in Subsidiaries
53
     
ARTICLE VI CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
53
   
SECTION 6.1
Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger
53
SECTION 6.2
Conditions to the Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub
54
SECTION 6.3
Conditions to the Obligations of the Company
55
     
ARTICLE VII TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
56
   
SECTION 7.1
Termination
56
SECTION 7.2
Effect of Termination
57
SECTION 7.3
Fees and Expenses
58
SECTION 7.4
Liquidated Damages for Certain Breaches by Parent
59
 
ii

SECTION 7.5
Amendment or Supplement
59
SECTION 7.6
Extension of Time; Waiver
60
     
ARTICLE VIII GENERAL PROVISIONS
60
   
SECTION 8.1
Nonsurvival of Representations and Warranties
60
SECTION 8.2
Notices
60
SECTION 8.3
Certain Definitions
61
SECTION 8.4
Interpretation
64
SECTION 8.5
Entire Agreement
64
SECTION 8.6
No Third Party Beneficiaries
65
SECTION 8.7
Governing Law
65
SECTION 8.8
Submission to Jurisdiction
65
SECTION 8.9
Assignment; Successors
66
SECTION 8.10
Specific Performance
66
SECTION 8.11
Severability
66
SECTION 8.12
Waiver of Jury Trial
66
SECTION 8.13
Counterparts
66

Exhibit A – Form of Promissory Note
Exhibit B – Form of Separation Agreement
Exhibit C – Form of Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation
Exhibit D – Form of Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation

iii

INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS

Defined Term
Section
Acquisition Proposal
5.2
Action
3.9
Adverse Recommendation Change
5.2
Affiliate
8.3
Agreement
Preamble
Alternative Acquisition Agreement
5.2
Anti-Takeover Statutes
3.22
Assets
3.18
Book-Entry Shares
2.3
Business Day
8.3
Canadian Antitrust Laws
3.5
Canadian Securities Documents
3.6
Canadian Securities Regulators
3.6
Certificate
2.3
Closing
1.2
Closing Date
1.2
Code
8.3
Company
Preamble
Company Board
Recitals
Company Breakup Fee
7.3
Company Bylaws
3.1
Company Charter
3.1
Company Common Stock
Recitals
Company Disclosure Letter
Article III
Company Equity Plans
2.2
Company Expenses
7.3
Company Intellectual Property
3.21
Company Material Adverse Effect
8.3
Company Plans
3.11
Company Proxy Statement
5.4
Company SEC Documents
3.6
Company Stock Awards
3.2
Company Stock Option
2.2
Company Stock Plans
2.2
Company Stockholder Approval
3.4
Company Stockholders Meeting
5.4
Concession Contracts
3.20
Concession Properties
3.20
Confidentiality Agreement
5.7
Contract
8.3
Control
8.3
 
iv

Defined Term
Section
DGCL
Recitals
Effective Time
1.3
Environmental Law
3.13
ERISA
3.11
Exchange Act
3.5
Exchange Agent
2.3
Exchange Fund
2.3
Exchange Ratio
2.1
Form S-1
5.6
Form S-4
5.4
GAAP
3.6
Governmental Entity
8.3
Hazardous Substance
3.13
HSR Act
3.5
Indebtedness
8.3
IRS
3.11
Knowledge
8.3
Law
8.3
Leased Properties
3.20
Liabilities
3.18
Liens
3.3
Material Contracts
3.15
Measurement Date
3.2
Merger
Recitals
Merger Consideration
2.1
Merger Consideration Closing Value
8.3
Merger Sub
Preamble
Mexican Antitrust Laws
3.5
Mexico Business
3.18
Nevada Business
3.18
NI 43-101
3.19
Outside Date
7.1
Owned Properties
3.20
Parent
Preamble
Parent Adverse Recommendation Change
5.3
Parent Board
4.3
Parent Canadian Securities Documents
4.5
Parent Common Stock
8.3
Parent Disclosure Letter
Article IV
Parent Expenses
7.3
Parent Material Adverse Effect
8.3
Parent Preferred Stock
4.2
Parent Proxy Statement 5
5.4
Parent SEC Documents
4.5
Parent Stockholder Approval
4.3
 
v

Defined Term
Section
Parent Stockholders Meeting
5.4
Permits
3.10
Permitted Liens
3.17
Person
8.3
Promissory Note
Recitals
Property Acquisition Contracts 3.20
3.20
Property Leases
3.20
Related Parties
3.23
Related Party Transaction
3.23
RemainCo Entities
3.18
Representatives
5.2
Retained Assets
3.18
Retained Employees
3.18
Retained Liabilities
3.18
Return
8.3
Royalty Agreement
Recitals
San Miguel Assets
3.18
San Miguel Liabilities
3.18
San Miguel Project
3.18
San Miguel Technical Report
3.19
SEC
3.6
Securities Act
3.5
Separation Agreement
Recitals
Solvent
3.18
SpinCo
Preamble
SpinCo Entities
Preamble
Spin-Off
Recitals
Subsidiary
8.3
Superior Proposal
5.2
Surface Agreements
3.20
Surviving Corporation
1.1
Taxes
8.3
Voting and Support Agreement
Recitals
Water Rights
3.20
 
vi

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
 
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “Agreement”), dated as of December 16, 2014, between COEUR MINING, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), HOLLYWOOD MERGER SUB, INC., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned Subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and PARAMOUNT NEVADA GOLD CORP., a British Columbia corporation and a wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company (“SpinCo” and, together with each of its Subsidiaries, the “SpinCo Entities”).
 
RECITALS
 
WHEREAS, the parties intend that Merger Sub be merged with and into the Company, with the Company surviving, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein (the “Merger”);
 
WHEREAS, the board of directors of the Company (the “Company Board”) has unanimously (a) approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, (b) directed that this Agreement be submitted to the stockholders of the Company for adoption, and (c) recommended that the stockholders of the Company adopt this Agreement, in each case upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein and in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”);
 
WHEREAS, the board of directors of Merger Sub has unanimously (a) approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, (b) directed that this Agreement be submitted to Parent, the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, for adoption, and (c) recommended that Parent, the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, adopt this Agreement, in each case upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein and in accordance with the DGCL;
 
WHEREAS, as an inducement to Parent and Merger Sub to enter into this Agreement, certain stockholders of the Company have concurrently entered into voting and support agreements (each, a “Voting and Support Agreement”) pursuant to which each such stockholder has agreed, among other things, to vote its shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (“Company Common Stock”), in favor of the approval of this Agreement;
 
WHEREAS, for U.S. federal income Tax purposes, the Merger is intended to qualify as a “reorganization” under Section 368(a) of the Code, and this Agreement is intended to be, and is adopted as, a “plan of reorganization” for purposes of Sections 354 and 361 of the Code;
 
WHEREAS, simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company, Paramount Gold de Mexico S.A. de C.V., a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company, Minera Gama S.A. de C.V., a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company, and Coeur Mexicana S.A. de C.V., a wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent, are entering into a royalty agreement (the “Royalty Agreement”) regarding the San Miguel Project (as defined below); and
 

WHEREAS, immediately prior to the Effective Time and in the following order, (a) Parent will make a loan to the Company in the principal amount of $8,530,000, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Promissory Note”), and the Company will contribute all of the proceeds of such loan to SpinCo as an equity contribution, (b) SpinCo will issue to Parent, in exchange for a cash payment by Parent in the amount of $1,470,000, newly issued shares of SpinCo common stock amounting to 4.9% of the outstanding SpinCo common stock after issuance, (c) SpinCo and the Company will enter into a separation and distribution agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Separation Agreement”), and (d), the Company will dividend to the Company’s stockholders on a pro rata basis all of the shares of SpinCo common stock then held by the Company (such transaction described in clauses (a) through (d) undertaken in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Separation Agreement, the “Spin-Off”).
 
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, and of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company hereby agree as follows:
 
AGREEMENT
 
ARTICLE I

THE MERGER
 
SECTION 1.1       The Merger.  Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and in accordance with the DGCL, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company, and thereupon the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease, and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation in the Merger (the “Surviving Corporation”) and a wholly-owned Subsidiary of Parent.
 
SECTION 1.2      Closing.  The closing of the Merger (the “Closing”) shall take place at 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the second Business Day following the satisfaction or, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VI (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, waiver of those conditions), at the New York offices of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, or at such other date, time or place as is agreed to in writing by Parent and the Company.  The date on which the Closing occurs is referred to as the “Closing Date.”
 
SECTION 1.3       Effective Time.  Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing, the parties shall file a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL, and make all other filings or recordings required by the DGCL in connection with the Merger.  The Merger shall become effective at such time as the certificate of merger is duly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or at such other time as is specified in the certificate of merger.  The time the Merger becomes effective is referred to as the “Effective Time”.
 
2

SECTION 1.4      Effects of the Merger.  The Merger shall have the effects set forth in this Agreement and in the relevant provisions of the DGCL.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, at the Effective Time, all property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall be the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
 
SECTION 1.5      Certificate of Incorporation; Bylaws.  (a)  At the Effective Time, the certificate of incorporation of Merger Sub shall be amended so that it reads in its entirety as set forth in Exhibit C hereto, and, as so amended, shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation.
 
(b)            At the Effective Time, and without any further action on the part of the Company or Merger Sub, the bylaws of Merger Sub shall be amended so that they read in their entirety as set forth in Exhibit D hereto, and, as so amended, shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
 
SECTION 1.6       Directors.  The directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation until the earlier of their resignation or removal or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified.
 
SECTION 1.7       Officers.  The officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation until the earlier of their resignation or removal or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified.
 
ARTICLE II

EFFECT ON THE CAPITAL STOCK OF THE
CONSTITUENT CORPORATIONS
 
SECTION 2.1       Conversion of Capital Stock.  At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the Company, Parent, Merger Sub or the holders of any shares of capital stock of the Company, Parent or Merger Sub:
 
(a)            Each share of Company Common Stock held by the Company as treasury stock or held by any Subsidiary of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled, and no payment shall be made with respect thereto.
 
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(b)            Each share of Company Common Stock held by Parent, Merger Sub or any other Subsidiary of Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled, and no payment shall be made with respect thereto.
 
(c)            Each other share of Company Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become exchangeable for 0.2016 (the “Exchange Ratio”) shares of Parent Common Stock (the “Merger Consideration”).  As of the Effective Time, all such shares of Company Common Stock shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and shall thereafter only represent the right to receive the Merger Consideration and any other amounts, if any, to be paid in accordance with Section 2.3, without interest.
 
(d)            Each share of common stock of Merger Sub outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall remain outstanding and shall constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Surviving Corporation.
 
(e)            The Merger Consideration shall be adjusted to fully reflect the appropriate effect of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend or distribution of securities convertible into Company Common Stock or Parent Common Stock, or any reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification or other like change with respect to the Company Common Stock or Parent Common Stock having a record date occurring on or after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Effective Time; provided, however, that no such adjustment shall be made with respect to the Spin-Off.
 
SECTION 2.2       Treatment of Options and Other Equity-Based Awards.  (a)  At the Effective Time, each option (each, a “Company Stock Option”) to purchase shares of Company Common Stock granted under the 2006/2007 Stock Incentive & Compensation Plan, the 2007/2008 Stock Incentive & Compensation Plan, the 2008/2009 Stock Incentive & Equity Compensation Plan or the 2011/2012 Stock Incentive & Equity Compensation Plan (the “Company Stock Plans”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (whether or not vested) shall be deemed fully vested and shall be cancelled in exchange for the right to receive shares of Parent Common Stock (without interest, and subject to deduction for any required withholding Tax, with cash being paid in lieu of issuing fractional shares of Parent Common Stock) with a value equal to the product of (i) the excess (if any) of the Merger Consideration Closing Value over the exercise price per share under such Company Stock Option and (ii) the number of shares subject to such Company Stock Option; provided, however, that (A) if the exercise price per share of any such Company Stock Option is equal to or greater than the Merger Consideration Closing Value, such Company Stock Option shall be cancelled without any payment being made in respect thereof, and (B) at the option of Parent, in lieu of paying all or a portion of the amounts due to a holder of Company Stock Options under this paragraph in shares of Parent Common Stock, Parent may substitute for such shares an equivalent amount in cash.  For purposes of the preceding sentence, the shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued to holders of Company Stock Options shall be deemed to have a value equal to the closing price of Parent Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the first trading day immediately preceding the Closing Date.  Promptly following the Closing Date (and, in any event, within ten Business Days thereof), Parent shall (1) if any shares of Parent Common Stock are being issued to any holder of Company Stock Options, cause Parent’s transfer agent to issue such Parent Common Stock, and (2) if any cash payments are being made to any holder of Company Stock Options, cause the Company to process such payments through its payroll system.
 
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(b)            The Company shall take all action necessary to ensure that, as of the Effective Time, the Company Stock Plans and any agreements thereunder and any other equity-based compensation or benefit plans (collectively, the “Company Equity Plans”) shall be terminated, and all Company Stock Options and all other equity-based awards shall be cancelled at the Effective Time.  After the Effective Time, no holder of a Company Stock Option or other equity-based award or any participant in any Company Equity Plan shall have any rights to acquire the capital stock of the Company, the Surviving Corporation or any of their Subsidiaries, or any other rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the payments (if any) contemplated by this Section.
 
SECTION 2.3       Exchange of Company Common Stock.
 
(a)        Exchange Agent.  Prior to the Closing Date, Parent shall appoint an exchange agent reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “Exchange Agent”) for the purpose of exchanging shares of Company Common Stock for Merger Consideration.
 
(b)            Deposit.  Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent, in trust for the benefit of the holders of shares of the Company Common Stock, shares of Parent Common Stock and cash in an amount equal to the aggregate Merger Consideration to be paid pursuant to this Article.  Following the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent, when and as needed, cash in an amount sufficient to pay any dividends and other distributions pursuant to paragraph (h) below and cash in an amount sufficient for payments in lieu of fractional shares pursuant to paragraph (i) below.  All shares of Parent Common Stock and cash deposited with the Exchange Agent shall be referred to as the “Exchange Fund”.  The Exchange Agent shall deliver the Merger Consideration out of the Exchange Fund.  The Exchange Fund shall not be used for any other purpose.  The Exchange Agent shall invest any cash included in the Exchange Fund as directed by Parent; provided that no such investment or losses thereon shall affect the Merger Consideration and Parent shall promptly cause to be provided additional funds to the Exchange Agent in the amount of any such losses.  Any interest and other income resulting from such investments shall be the property of and paid to Parent.
 
(c)            Certificated Shares.  As soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time, but in no event more than five Business Days following the Effective Time, Parent will cause the Exchange Agent to send to each holder of record of a certificate (a “Certificate”) representing shares of Company Common Stock as of the Effective Time which such shares of Company Common Stock were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration, a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title shall pass, only upon receipt of the Certificates by the Exchange Agent) in such form as the Company and Parent may reasonably agree, including instructions for use in effecting the surrender of Certificates to the Exchange Agent in exchange for the Merger Consideration.  Each holder of a Certificate that has been converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration, upon surrender to the Exchange Agent of such Certificate, together with a properly completed letter of transmittal, duly executed and completed in accordance with the instructions thereto, and such other documents as may reasonably be required by the Exchange Agent, will be entitled to receive in exchange therefor (i) the number of shares of Parent Common Stock representing, in the aggregate, the whole number of shares of Parent Common Stock (if any) that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to this Article and (ii) cash in lieu of fractional shares in the amount (if any) that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to paragraph (i) below.
 
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(d)            Uncertificated Shares.  Each holder of uncertificated shares of Company Common Stock (“Book-Entry Shares”) that have been converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration will be entitled to receive in exchange therefor, without the submission of any letter of transmittal to the Exchange Agent, (i) the number of shares of Parent Common Stock representing, in the aggregate, the whole number of shares of Parent Common Stock (if any) that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to this Article and (ii) cash in lieu of fractional shares in the amount (if any) that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to paragraph (i) below.  Promptly after the Effective Time, and in any event not later than the fifth Business Day thereafter, Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to issue and deliver to each holder of Book-Entry Shares such consideration.
 
(e)            No Interest.  No interest shall be paid or accrued on any Merger Consideration, cash in lieu of fractional shares or dividends or distributions payable to former holders of Company Common Stock.  Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section, each Certificate and Book-Entry Share shall be deemed after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive the Merger Consideration payable in respect thereof, any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to paragraph (h) below and any cash in lieu of fractional shares payable pursuant to paragraph (i) below.
 
(f)            Other Payees.  If payment (whether in cash or Parent Common Stock) is to be made to a Person other than the Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate is registered, it shall be a condition of payment that such Certificate so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or shall be otherwise in proper form for transfer and that the Person requesting such payment shall have paid any transfer and other Taxes required by reason of the payment of the Merger Consideration to a Person other than the registered holder of such Certificate or shall have established to the satisfaction of Parent and the Exchange Agent that such tax is not applicable.
 
(g)            No Further Transfers.  The Merger Consideration and other amounts payable pursuant to this Article shall be deemed to have been paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the shares of Company Common Stock.  After the Effective Time, there shall be no further registration of transfers of shares of Company Common Stock.  From and after the Effective Time, the holders of Certificates and Book-Entry Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall cease to have any rights with respect to such shares of Company Common Stock except as otherwise provided in this Agreement or by applicable Law.  If, after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Exchange Agent, Parent or the Surviving Corporation, they shall be cancelled and exchanged for the consideration provided for, and in accordance with the procedures set forth in, this Article.
 
(h)            Dividends and Distributions.  No dividends or other distributions with respect to Parent Common Stock issued in the Merger shall be paid to the holder of any Company Common Stock until such Company Common Stock is exchanged as provided in this Section.  Following such exchange, subject to the effect of escheat, Tax or other applicable Law, there shall be paid, without interest, to the record holder of such Parent Common Stock (i) at the time of such exchange, all dividends and other distributions, if any, payable in respect of any such shares of Parent Common Stock with a record date after the Effective Time and a payment date on or prior to the date of such exchange and not previously paid and (ii) at the appropriate payment date, the dividends or other distributions, if any, payable with respect to such shares of Parent Common Stock with a record date after the Effective Time but with a payment date subsequent to such exchange.
 
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(i)            Fractional Shares.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no certificates or scrip representing fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued in exchange of Company Common Stock, no dividends or other distributions with respect to the Parent Common Stock shall be payable on or with respect to any fractional share, and such fractional share interests shall not entitle the owner thereof to vote or to any other rights of a stockholder of Parent.  In lieu of the issuance of any such fractional share, Parent shall pay to each former stockholder of the Company who otherwise would be entitled to receive a fractional share of Parent Common Stock an amount in cash (without interest) determined by multiplying (i) the fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock which such holder would otherwise be entitled to receive (taking into account all shares of Company Common Stock held at the Effective Time by such holder and rounded to five decimal places) pursuant to Section 2.1 by (ii) the closing price of Parent Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the first trading day immediately preceding the Closing Date.
 
(j)            Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates.  If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by Parent or the Exchange Agent, the posting by such Person of a bond in such reasonable amount as Parent or the Exchange Agent may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such Certificate, the Exchange Agent will issue, in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, the Merger Consideration to be paid in respect of the shares of the Company Common Stock underlying such lost instrument as contemplated by this Article.
 
(k)            Termination of Exchange Fund.  Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains unclaimed by the holders of shares of Company Common Stock six months after the Closing Date shall be returned to Parent, upon demand, and any such holder who has not exchanged his or her shares of Company Common Stock in accordance with this Article prior to that time shall thereafter look only to Parent for delivery of the Merger Consideration in respect of such holder’s shares of Company Common Stock as a general creditor thereof.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving Corporation or the Company shall be liable to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock for any amounts delivered to a public official pursuant to applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Laws.  Any amounts remaining unclaimed by holders of shares of Company Common Stock immediately prior to such time as such amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Entity shall, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, become the property of Parent free and clear of any claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.
 
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SECTION 2.4       Withholding Rights.  Parent, the Surviving Corporation and the Exchange Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock, Company Stock Options or otherwise pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent is required to deduct and withhold under the Code, or any provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law.  To the extent that amounts are so withheld and paid over to the appropriate taxing authority, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made.
 
ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
 
Except as set forth in the corresponding section or subsection of the disclosure letter delivered by the Company to Parent contemporaneously with the execution of this Agreement (the “Company Disclosure Letter”), the Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as follows:
 
SECTION 3.1      Organization, Standing and Power.  (a)  Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, (ii) has all requisite corporate or similar power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted, and (iii) is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership, leasing or operation of its properties makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in the case of this clause (iii), where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
 
(b)            The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of the Company’s certificate of incorporation (the “Company Charter”) and bylaws (the “Company Bylaws”) and the certificate of incorporation and by-laws (or comparable organizational documents) of each of its Subsidiaries, and each as so delivered is in full force and effect.  The Company is not in violation of any provision of the Company Charter or Company Bylaws.
 
SECTION 3.2       Capitalization.  (a)  The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 200,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock.  As of the close of business on December 15, 2014 (the “Measurement Date”), (i) 162,027,422 shares of Company Common Stock (excluding treasury shares and shares held by the Company’s Subsidiaries) were issued and outstanding, (ii) no shares of Company Common Stock were held by the Company in its treasury and no shares of Company Common Stock were held by the Company’s Subsidiaries, and (iii) 6,108,662 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to the Company Equity Plans (of which 5,697,500 shares were subject to outstanding Company Stock Options).
 
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(b)            All outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are, and all shares reserved for issuance will be, when issued, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to or issued in violation of any purchase option, call option, right of first refusal, preemptive right or subscription right, nor issued in violation of any provision of the DGCL, the Company Charter, the Company Bylaws or any Contract to which the Company is a party or is otherwise bound.
 
(c)            Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has outstanding any Indebtedness having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, securities having the right to vote) with the stockholders of the Company or such Subsidiary on any matter.
 
(d)            Except as (i) set forth in paragraph (a) above, (ii) for capital stock of Subsidiaries of the Company owned by the Company or another wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company, and (iii) for changes since the close of business on the Measurement Date resulting from the exercise of Company Stock Options listed in paragraph (a) above, there are no outstanding (A) shares of capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (B) securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (C) stock appreciation rights, “phantom” stock rights, performance units or interests in or rights to the ownership or earnings of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or other equity equivalent or equity-based awards or rights, (D) restricted stock, subscriptions, options, warrants, calls or commitments with respect to, or Contracts or other rights to acquire from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, any shares of capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or rights or interests described in the preceding clause (C), or (E) obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any such securities or to issue, grant, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, granted, delivered or sold, any such securities.
 
(e)            There are no stockholder agreements, voting trusts, investor agreements, proxies or other Contracts to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or of which the Company has Knowledge with respect to the holding, voting, registration, redemption, repurchase, transfer or other disposition of any capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(f)            Section 3.2(f) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list of all holders, as of the close of business on the Measurement Date, of outstanding Company Stock Options and all other awards granted under the Company Equity Plans or otherwise (collectively, “Company Stock Awards”), indicating as applicable, with respect to each Company Stock Award then outstanding, the type of award granted, the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Award, the name of the plan under which such Company Stock Award was granted, the date of grant, exercise or purchase price, vesting schedule and expiration thereof, and whether (and to what extent) the vesting of such Company Stock Award will be accelerated or otherwise adjusted in any way or any other terms will be triggered or otherwise adjusted in any way by the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or by the termination of employment or engagement or change in position of any holder thereof following or in connection with the Merger.  Each Company Stock Option intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Code was qualified at the time it was issued.  The exercise price of each Company Stock Option was no less than the fair market value of the Company Common Stock as of the applicable date of grant of such Company Stock Option, as determined pursuant to the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, and no modifications have been made to the exercise price of each such Company Stock Option since the date of grant.  The Company Equity Plans permit the treatment of the Company Stock Awards contemplated by this Agreement, including the cancellation of all Company Stock Options at the Effective Time, the cash out of in-the-money Company Stock Options at the spread value thereof and the payment of no consideration with respect to out-of-the-money Company Stock Options.  The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all Company Equity Plans and the forms of all stock option agreements or other agreements evidencing outstanding Company Stock Awards.
 
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SECTION 3.3       SubsidiariesSection 3.3 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list of each Subsidiary of the Company, including its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation.  All outstanding shares of capital stock and other voting securities or equity interests of each Subsidiary of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued, and are fully paid, nonassessable and not subject to or issued in violation of any purchase option, call option, right of first refusal, preemptive right or subscription right, nor issued in violation of any provision of Law, the organizational documents of such Subsidiary or any Contract to which such Subsidiary is a party or is otherwise bound.  Except for the capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, its Subsidiaries, the Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any equity, membership interest, partnership interest, joint venture interest, or other equity or voting interest in, or any interest convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for any of the foregoing, nor is it under any current or prospective obligation to form or participate in, provide funds to, make any loan, capital contribution, guarantee, credit enhancement or other investment in, or assume any liability or obligation of, any Person.  All outstanding shares of capital stock and other voting securities or equity interests of each such Subsidiary are owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company, free and clear of all pledges, claims, liens, charges, options, rights of first refusal, encumbrances and security interests of any kind or nature whatsoever (including any limitation on voting, sale, transfer or other disposition or exercise of any other attribute of ownership) (collectively, “Liens”).
 
SECTION 3.4       Authority.  (a)  Each of the Company and SpinCo has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by each of the Company and SpinCo and the consummation by the Company and SpinCo of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company and SpinCo and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company or SpinCo are necessary to approve this Agreement or to consummate the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby, other than, in the case of the consummation of the Merger, the approval of this Agreement by the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock (the “Company Stockholder Approval”).  This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by each of the Company and SpinCo and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company and SpinCo, enforceable against the Company and SpinCo in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity).
 
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(b)            The Company Board, at a meeting duly called and held at which all directors of the Company were present, duly and unanimously adopted resolutions, in each case in accordance with the DGCL, (i) determining that the terms of this Agreement, the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby are fair to and in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders, (ii) approving and declaring advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger and the Spin-Off, (iii) directing that this Agreement be submitted to the stockholders of the Company for adoption, and (iv) recommending that the Company’s stockholders vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger and the Spin-Off, which resolutions have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or withdrawn in any way, except as may be permitted by Section 5.2.
 
(c)            The Company Stockholder Approval is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of the Company’s capital stock or other securities required in connection with the Merger, and no vote of the holders of any class or series of the Company’s capital stock or other securities is required in connection with the consummation of the Spin-Off or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby.
 
(d)            No holder of Company Common Stock is entitled to any rights of appraisal or dissent in connection with the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, whether under Section 262 of the DGCL or otherwise.
 
SECTION 3.5       No Conflict; Consents and Approvals.  (a)  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by each of the Company and SpinCo does not, and the consummation of the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby and compliance by the Company and SpinCo with the provisions hereof will not, conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration of any obligation or to the loss of a benefit under, or result in the creation of any Lien in or upon any of the properties or rights of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under, or give rise to any increased, additional, accelerated or guaranteed rights or entitlements under, or require any consent, waiver or approval of any Person pursuant to, any provision of:
 
(i)     the Company Charter or Company Bylaws, or the certificate of incorporation or bylaws (or similar organizational documents) of any Subsidiary of the Company;
 
(ii)    subject to the governmental filings and other matters referred to in paragraph (b) below, any Law applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties may be bound, or any rule or regulation of the New York Stock Exchange, the Toronto Stock Exchange or any other exchange on which any of their shares are listed; or
 
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(iii)   any material Contract to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties may be bound.
 
(b)            No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration, filing with or notice to, any Governmental Entity is required by or with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company or the consummation by the Company or SpinCo of the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby or compliance with the provisions hereof, except for (i) the actions required by the Mexican Federal Law of Economic Competition (Ley Federal de Competencia Económica) (the “Mexican Antitrust Laws”), (ii) such filings and reports as may be required pursuant to the applicable requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and any other applicable U.S. or Canadian federal, state or provincial securities, takeover or “blue sky” laws or the rules of the New York Stock Exchange or the Toronto Stock Exchange, (iii) the filing of a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required by the DGCL, (iv) the filing of a listing application and associated documentation with respect to SpinCo with the NYSE MKT, the Toronto Stock Exchange or, with Parent’s prior written consent, such other exchange as reasonably determined by the Company, and (v) such other consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, filings and notices the failure of which to be obtained or made, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.  No filing or other action is required of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the “HSR Act”) or the Competition Act (Canada) (the “Canadian Antitrust Laws”) in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company or the consummation by the Company of the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby or compliance with the provisions hereof.  The aggregate book value of the assets in Canada of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and the gross revenues from sales in or from Canada generated from the assets in Canada of the Company and its Subsidiaries, all as determined in accordance with the Canadian Antitrust Laws, do not exceed CDN$82 million.
 
SECTION 3.6       Public Filings; Financial Statements.  (a)  The Company has filed with or furnished to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on a timely basis all forms, reports, schedules, statements (including proxy, information and registration statements) and other documents required to be filed with or furnished to the SEC by the Company since December 31, 2011 (all such documents, together with all exhibits and schedules to the foregoing materials and all information incorporated therein by reference, the “Company SEC Documents”).  As of their respective filing dates (or, if amended by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, then on the date of such amendment), the Company SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and all other applicable federal securities Laws (including, in each case, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, such as Industry Guide 7), and none of the Company SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
 
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(b)            The financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Documents (i) have been prepared in a manner consistent with the books and records of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (ii) have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) (except, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto), (iii) comply as to form in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, and (iv) fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and their respective consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal and recurring year-end audit adjustments that were not, or are not expected to be, material in amount).
 
(c)            Since June 30, 2014, the Company has not made any change in the accounting practices or policies applied in the preparation of its financial statements, except as required by GAAP or applicable Law.  The books and records of the Company and its Subsidiaries have been, and are being, maintained in all material respects in accordance with GAAP (to the extent applicable) and any other applicable legal and accounting requirements and reflect only actual transactions.
 
(d)            Since December 31, 2012, the Company has maintained disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting, in each case sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the Exchange Act and other federal securities Laws.  The Company has disclosed, based on its most recent evaluation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting prior to the date hereof, to the Company’s auditors (i) any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  A true and complete copy of all such disclosures has been made available to Parent.
 
(e)            Since December 31, 2012, (i) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, employee, auditor, accountant or representative of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, has received or otherwise had or obtained knowledge of any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim, whether written or oral, regarding the accounting or auditing practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or their respective internal accounting controls, including any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in questionable accounting or auditing practices, and (ii) no attorney representing the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, has reported evidence of a material violation of securities Laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents to the Company Board or any committee thereof or to any director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to any Governmental Entity.
 
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(f)            The Company has filed with or furnished to the securities commissions in the Provinces of British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario (the “Canadian Securities Regulators”) on a timely basis all forms, reports, schedules, statements (including proxy, information and registration statements) and other documents required to be filed with or furnished to the Canadian Securities Regulators by the Company since December 31, 2011 (all such documents, together with all exhibits and schedules to the foregoing materials and all information incorporated therein by reference, the “Canadian Securities Documents”).  As of their respective filing dates (or, if amended by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, then on the date of such amendment), the Canadian Securities Documents complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of Canadian securities Laws (including, in each case, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder), and none of the Canadian Securities Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  Since December 31, 2011, the Company has not filed any confidential material change report with any Canadian Securities Regulator, except for those reports that either (i) are no longer confidential or (ii) have been disclosed to Parent.
 
(g)            As of the date hereof, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in the comment letters received from the SEC or the Canadian Securities Regulators with respect to the Company SEC Documents or Canadian Securities Documents.  To the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company SEC Documents or Canadian Securities Documents is subject to ongoing review or outstanding SEC or Canadian Securities Regulator comment or investigation.
 
(h)            Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, or has any commitment to become a party to, any joint venture, off balance sheet partnership or any similar Contract where the result, purpose or intended effect of such Contract is to avoid disclosure of any material transaction involving, or material liabilities of, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(i)            The Company is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange, the Toronto Stock Exchange and any other exchange on which its shares are listed.  The Company is not subject to the rules or regulations of the Deutsche Börse.
 
(j)            No Subsidiary of the Company is or has ever been required to file any form, report, schedule, statement or other document with the SEC or any Canadian Securities Regulator.
 
SECTION 3.7       No Undisclosed Liabilities.  Except for any liabilities or obligations with respect to Actions (which are not the subject of this Section), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, known or unknown, whether due or to become due and whether or not required to be recorded or reflected on a balance sheet under GAAP, except (a) to the extent accrued or reserved against in the consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as at June 30, 2014 included in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the date hereof, (b) for liabilities and obligations under Contracts included as exhibits in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the date hereof, (c) for liabilities and obligations under this Agreement, and (d) for liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice since June 30, 2014 that are not material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
 
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SECTION 3.8       Absence of Certain Changes or Events.  Since June 30, 2014 and through the date hereof:  (a) the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their businesses only in the ordinary course consistent with past practice; (b) there has not been any change, event, development or circumstance that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect; and (c) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has taken any action that, if taken after the date of this Agreement, would constitute a breach of any of the covenants set forth in Section 5.1.
 
SECTION 3.9       Litigation.  As of the date hereof, there is no action, suit, claim, arbitration, investigation, inquiry or other proceeding (each, an “Action”) pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any of their respective properties, or any present or former officer, director or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in such individual’s capacity as such.  As of the Closing Date, there is no Action pending, or to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any of their respective properties, or any present or former officer, director or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in such individual’s capacity as such that, individually or in the aggregate, is or would reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or that seeks material injunctive or other non-monetary relief.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor any of their respective properties is subject to any outstanding judgment, order, injunction, rule or decree, except for any such items that are not material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.  As of the date hereof, there is no Action pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened seeking to prevent, hinder, modify, delay or challenge the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
 
SECTION 3.10    Compliance with Laws.  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are and, at all times since December 31, 2012 have been, in compliance in all material respects with all Laws applicable to their businesses, operations or properties.  Since December 31, 2012 through the date hereof, none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice or other written communication alleging or relating to a possible material violation of any Law applicable to their businesses, operations or properties.  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have in effect all material permits, licenses, variances, exemptions, approvals, authorizations, consents, operating certificates, concessions, franchises, orders and other approvals (collectively, “Permits”) of all Governmental Entities necessary or advisable for them to own, lease or operate their properties and to carry on their businesses and operations as now conducted, and there has occurred no violation of, default (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) under or event giving to others any right of revocation, non-renewal, adverse modification or cancellation of (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) any such Permit, nor would any such revocation, non-renewal, adverse modification or cancellation result from the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
 
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SECTION 3.11    Benefit Plans.  (a)  Section 3.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list, as of the date hereof, of each “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”)), “multiemployer plan” (within the meaning of ERISA section 3(37)) and all stock purchase, stock option, phantom stock or other equity-based plan, severance, employment, collective bargaining, change-in-control, fringe benefit, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation and all other employee benefit and compensation plans, agreements, programs, policies or other arrangements, whether or not subject to ERISA (including any funding mechanism therefor now in effect or required in the future as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise), whether formal or informal, written or oral, legally binding or not, under which any current or former employee, director or consultant of the Company or its Subsidiaries (or any of their dependents) has any present or future right to compensation or benefits or the Company or its Subsidiaries has had or has any present or future liability or with respect to which it is otherwise bound (collectively, the “Company Plans”).  With respect to each Company Plan, the Company has made available to Parent a true and complete copy thereof and, to the extent applicable:  (i) any related trust agreement or other funding instrument, (ii) the most recent determination letter of the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), if applicable, (iii) any summary plan description and other written communications (or a description of any oral communications) by the Company or its Subsidiaries to their employees concerning the extent of the benefits provided under a Company Plan, and (iv) for the two most recent years (A) the Form 5500 and attached schedules, (B) audited financial statements, (C) actuarial valuation reports and (D) attorney’s response to an auditor’s request for information.
 
(b)            No Company Plan is subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code, no Company Plan is a multiemployer plan (within the meaning of Section 3(37) of ERISA), and neither the Company nor any member of its Controlled Group (defined as any organization which is a member of a controlled group of organizations within the meaning of Code Sections 414(b), (c), (m) or (o)) has any liability (direct or contingent) with respect to, and has never incurred any liability (director or contingent) with respect to, any employee benefit plan subject to Title IV of ERISA.  No Company Plan provides health or other welfare benefits to former employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries other than health continuation coverage pursuant to COBRA.
 
(c)            With respect to the Company Plans, except to the extent that the inaccuracy of any of the representations set forth in this paragraph (c), individually or in the aggregate, has not been and would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole:
 
(i)    each Company Plan has been established and administered in accordance with its terms and in compliance with the applicable provisions of applicable Law, including ERISA and the Code, and all contributions required to be made under the terms of any Company Plan have been timely made;
 
(ii)   each Company Plan intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination, advisory or opinion letter, as applicable, from the IRS that it is so qualified and nothing has occurred that would reasonably be expected to cause the loss of such qualified status of such Company Plan;
 
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(iii)   there is no Action (including any investigation, audit or other administrative proceeding) by the Department of Labor, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, the IRS or any other Governmental Entity or by any plan participant or beneficiary pending, or to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, relating to the Company Plans, any fiduciaries thereof with respect to their duties to the Company Plans or the assets of any of the trusts under any of the Company Plans (other than routine claims for benefits) nor are there facts or circumstances that exist that could reasonably give rise to any such Actions;
 
(iv)   neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries nor any of their Affiliates has incurred any direct or indirect liability under ERISA or the Code in connection with the termination of, withdrawal from or failure to fund, any Company Plan or other retirement plan or arrangement, and no fact or event exists that would reasonably be expected to give rise to any such liability; and
 
(v)   the Company and its Subsidiaries do not maintain any Company Plan that is a “group health plan” (as such term is defined in Section 5000(b)(1) of the Code) that has not been administered and operated in all respects in compliance with the applicable requirements of Section 601 of ERISA and Section 4980B(b) of the Code, and the Company and its Subsidiaries are not subject to any liability, including additional contributions, fines, penalties or loss of Tax deductions, as a result of such administration and operation; and
 
(d)            None of the Company Plans provides for payment of a benefit, the increase of a benefit amount, the payment of a contingent benefit, the acceleration of a payment or the vesting of a benefit determined or occasioned, in whole or in part, by reason of the execution of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby (either alone or in conjunction with any other event).  None of the Company Plans or any other plan agreement or arrangement in effect immediately prior to the Closing could result separately or in the aggregate in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (either alone or in conjunction with any other event) in the payment of any “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code.
 
(e)            Each Company Plan that is a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A(d)(1) of the Code has complied in form and operation with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code.  No current or former employee, director or other service provider is entitled to any gross-up, make-whole or other additional payment from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in respect of any Tax (including Federal, state, local or foreign income, excise or other Taxes (including Taxes imposed under Section 409A and 4999 of the Code)) or interest or penalty related thereto.
 
SECTION 3.12    Labor Matters.  (a)  The Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been since December 31, 2012 in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Laws relating to labor and employment, including those relating to wages, hours, collective bargaining, unemployment compensation, workers compensation, equal employment opportunity, age and disability discrimination, immigration control, employee classification, worker health and safety, information privacy and security, payment and withholding of Taxes and continuation coverage with respect to group health plans.  From December 31, 2012 through the date hereof, there has not been nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, has there been threatened, any labor dispute, work stoppage, labor strike or lockout against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries by employees.
 
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(b)            No employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is covered by an effective or pending collective bargaining agreement or similar labor agreement.  As of the date hereof, to the Knowledge of the Company, there has not been any activity on behalf of any labor organization or employee group to organize any such employees.  As of the date hereof, there are no (i) unfair labor practice charges or complaints against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pending before the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal or authority and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no such matters are threatened, (ii) representation claims or petitions pending before the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal or authority, or (iii) grievances or pending arbitration proceedings against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that arose out of or under any collective bargaining agreement.
 
(c)            Each person employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries was or is properly classified as exempt or non-exempt in accordance with applicable overtime laws, and no person treated as an independent contractor or consultant by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries should have been properly classified as an employee under applicable law.
 
SECTION 3.13   Environmental Matters.  (a)  (i)  The Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Environmental Laws; (ii) the Company and its Subsidiaries have obtained all material Permits of all Governmental Entities and any other Person that are required to conduct the operations in which the Company is currently engaged under any Environmental Law; (iii) there has been no act or activity, including any release of any Hazardous Substance, taken by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any other Person in any manner that has given or would reasonably be expected to give rise to any material remedial or investigative obligation, corrective action requirement or liability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under applicable Environmental Laws; (iv) since December 31, 2012 through the date hereof, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any claims, notices, demand letters or requests for information from any Governmental Entity or any other Person asserting that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of, or liable under, any Environmental Law, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no investigation or proceeding is being undertaken by any Governmental Entity or any other Person that might give rise to the same; (v) no Hazardous Substance has been disposed of, arranged to be disposed of, released or transported in material violation of any applicable Environmental Law, or in a manner that has given rise to, or that would reasonably be expected to give rise to, any material liability under any Environmental Law, in each case, on, at, under or from any current or former properties or facilities owned or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or as a result of any operations or activities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries at any location and, to the Knowledge of the Company, Hazardous Substances are not otherwise present at or about any such properties or facilities in amount or condition that has resulted in or would reasonably be expected to result in material liability to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any Environmental Law; and (vi) neither the Company, its Subsidiaries nor any of their respective properties or facilities are subject to, or are threatened to become subject to, any material liabilities relating to any Action, settlement, court order, administrative order, regulatory requirement, judgment or claim asserted or arising under any Environmental Law or any agreement relating to environmental liabilities.
 
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(b)            Environmental Law” means any Law relating to (i) the protection, preservation or restoration of the environment (including air, surface water, groundwater, drinking water supply, surface and subsurface soils and strata, wetlands, plant and animal life or any other natural resource), or (ii) the exposure to, or the use, storage, recycling, treatment, generation, transportation, processing, handling, labeling, production, release or disposal of Hazardous Substances.
 
(c)            Hazardous Substance” means any substance listed, defined, designated, classified or regulated as a waste, pollutant or contaminant or as hazardous, toxic, radioactive or dangerous or any other term of similar import under any Environmental Law, including but not limited to petroleum.
 
SECTION 3.14    Taxes.  (a)  Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has timely filed (or has had timely filed on its behalf) with the appropriate Governmental Entities all Returns required to be filed by it (taking into account for this purpose any extensions), and such Returns are true, correct and complete in all material respects.
 
(b)            Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has timely paid all material Taxes that have become due and payable by it for all taxable periods ending on or before the date hereof.  The reserve for Tax liability (not to include any reserve for deferred Taxes established to reflect timing differences between book and Tax income) reflected in the financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Documents is sufficient as of its date for the payment of any accrued and unpaid Taxes of any nature of the Company and its Subsidiaries.  All Taxes of the Company and its Subsidiaries accrued following the end of the most recent period covered by such financial statements have been accrued in the ordinary course of business and do not exceed comparable amounts incurred in similar periods in prior years (taking into account any changes in the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ operating results).
 
(c)            No claim has been made by any Governmental Entity in a jurisdiction where the Company or any of its Subsidiaries does not file Returns that the Company or a Subsidiary is or may be subject to taxation by, or required to file any Return in, that jurisdiction.
 
(d)            The statutes of limitations with respect to all U.S. income Tax Returns of the Company and its Subsidiaries through June 30, 2010 have expired.  There are in effect no waivers of applicable statutes of limitations with respect to any Taxes owed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for any year.
 
(e)            None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Action by any Governmental Entity in respect of any Tax, nor does the Company or its Subsidiaries have Knowledge of any pending or threatened Action by any Governmental Entity in respect of any Tax.
 
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(f)            No Returns are the subject of an audit.  All deficiencies asserted or assessments made against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as a result of any examinations by any Governmental Entity have been fully paid and no rationale underlying a claim for Taxes has been asserted previously by any Governmental Entity that reasonably could be expected to be asserted in any other period.  None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any closing agreement or offer in compromise with any Governmental Entity.
 
(g)            There are no Tax Liens on the properties of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries other than Liens for Taxes not yet past due or for Taxes the validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP.
 
(h)            None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Contract providing for the allocation, indemnification or sharing of Taxes.
 
(i)             None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been a member of an affiliated group of corporations, within the meaning of Section 1504 of the Code, or a member of a combined, consolidated or unitary group for state, local or foreign Tax purposes (other than a group the common parent of which was the Company).  None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has any liability for Taxes of any Person under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 or any corresponding provision of state, local or foreign income Tax Law, as transferee or successor, by contract or otherwise.
 
(j)             None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has agreed to make, or is required to make, any adjustment under Sections 481(a) of the Code or any comparable provision of state, local or foreign Tax Laws for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Closing Date by reason of a change in accounting method or otherwise for a taxable period ending on or prior to the Closing Date.  None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has taken any action that could defer a liability for Taxes from any taxable period ending on or prior to the Closing Date to any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Closing Date.
 
(k)            None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any “reportable transaction” for purposes of Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b) or Section 6111 of the Code or any analogous provisions of state or local Law.  Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has disclosed on its federal Returns all positions taken therein that could give rise to a substantial understatement of federal income Tax within the meaning of Section 6662 of the Code.
 
(l)            None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has taken or agreed to take any action or is aware of any fact or circumstance that would prevent or impede, or could reasonably be expected to prevent or impede, the Merger from qualifying as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
 
SECTION 3.15    Contracts.  (a)  Section 3.15 of the Company Disclosure Letter lists, as of the date hereof, each of the following types of Contracts to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of their respective properties is bound (such Contracts required to be so listed, the “Material Contracts”):
 
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(i)   any Contract that would be required to be filed by the Company as an exhibit to a registration statement on Form S-1 or an annual report on Form 10-K filed by the Company;
 
(ii)   any Contract that limits the ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or, following the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, would limit the ability of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, including the Surviving Corporation) to compete in any line of business or with any Person or in any geographic area, or that restricts the right of the Company and its Subsidiaries (or, following the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, would limit the ability of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, including the Surviving Corporation) to sell to or purchase from any Person or to hire any Person, or that grants the other party or any third Person “most favored nation” status or any type of analogous rights;
 
(iii)  any Contract with respect to the formation, creation, operation, management or control of a joint venture, partnership, limited liability company or other similar arrangement;
 
(iv)  any Contract evidencing or relating to Indebtedness;
 
(v)  any Contract pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries acquired, holds or disposed of any interest (whether in fee, a leasehold, a concessions or otherwise) in real property in Mexico, or any rights to explore, mine or otherwise extract minerals, ore, metals or other substances in Mexico, including any Contract relating to the San Miguel Project, any Surface Agreement and any Property Lease;
 
(vi)  any Contract involving the acquisition or disposition, directly or indirectly, of any Person or substantially all of the assets thereof;
 
(vii)  any Contract that by its terms provides for the aggregate payment or receipt by the Company and its Subsidiaries of more than $100,000 over the remaining term of such Contract;
 
(viii)  any Contract pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has continuing indemnification, guarantee, “earn-out” or other contingent payment obligations;
 
(ix)   any Contract that obligates the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to make any capital commitment or investment in, or loan to, any Person (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries);
 
(x)   any Contract between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any director or officer, or direct or indirect stockholder, of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the other hand, excluding any Company Plan;
 
(xi) any Contract with any Governmental Entity;
 
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(xii)   any Contract that requires a notice or consent in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, or that otherwise contains a provision relating to “change of control” or “assignment by operation of law” or an analogous provision, or that would otherwise reasonably be expected to prevent, delay or impair the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby; and
 
(xiii)   any Contract that is otherwise material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(b)            (i) Each Material Contract is valid and binding on the Company or its Subsidiaries party thereto and, to the Knowledge of the Company, each other party thereto, and is in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity); (ii) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, each other party thereto, has performed all material obligations required to be performed by it under each Material Contract; and (iii) there is no material default under any Material Contract by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, and no event or condition has occurred that constitutes or, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute, a material default on the part of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, nor, as of the date hereof, has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries received any notice of any such material default, event or condition.  The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all Material Contracts.
 
SECTION 3.16    Insurance.  (a)  Section 3.16(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth, as of the date hereof, a true and complete list of all material insurance policies issued in favor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a named insured or otherwise a beneficiary, as well as any historic incurrence-based policies still in force.  With respect to each such insurance policy, (a) such policy is in full force and effect and all premiums due thereon have been paid, (b) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in material breach or default, and has not taken any action or failed to take any action which (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) would constitute such a material breach or default, or would permit termination or modification of, any such policy and (c) to the Knowledge of the Company, no insurer issuing any such policy has been declared insolvent or placed in receivership, conservatorship or liquidation.  As of the date hereof, no notice of cancellation or termination has been received by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any such policy, nor will any such cancellation or termination result from the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
 
(b)            Section 3.16(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth the premiums paid by the Company for directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for the three most recent annual periods of such policy.
 
SECTION 3.17    Personal Property.  The Company or one of its Subsidiaries has good and valid title to or, in the case of leased property, a valid leasehold interest in all personal property (whether tangible or intangible) reflected on the June 30, 2014 consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries included in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the date hereof, and to all such property acquired by the Company and its Subsidiaries thereafter, in each case, free and clear of all Liens other than (i) Liens for current Taxes and assessments not yet past due or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP, (ii) mechanics’, workmen’s, repairmen’s, warehousemen’s and carriers’ Liens with respect to amounts not yet past due or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP, and (iii) any such matters of record, Liens and other imperfections of title that do not, individually or in the aggregate, materially impair the continued ownership, use and operation of the properties to which they relate (the items listed in clauses (i) through (iii), “Permitted Liens”).
 
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SECTION 3.18    Spin-Off.  (a)  For purposes of this Agreement:
 
(i)  “RemainCo Entities” means (a) the Company and (b) all Subsidiaries of the Company that are not directly or indirectly owned by SpinCo.
 
(ii)   The following terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the form of Separation Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit B:
 
(A)  “Assumed Liabilities”
 
(B)   “Liabilities
 
(C)   “Mexico Business
 
(D)   “Nevada Business
 
(E)   “Retained Assets
 
(F)   “Retained Employees
 
(G)   “Retained Liabilities
 
(H)   “San Miguel Assets
 
(I)    “San Miguel Liabilities
 
(J)    “San Miguel Project
 
(K)   “Transferred Assets
 
(b)            Ownership of San Miguel.  The San Miguel Project, the San Miguel Assets, and the San Miguel Liabilities are, and will be immediately after consummation of the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated by the Separation Agreement, owned and held exclusively by the RemainCo Entities.
 
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(c)            No Shared Assets or Liabilities.  Except as set forth on Section 3.18(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter, none of the Transferred Assets are used or held for use in connection with the Mexico Business, and none of the Retained Liabilities have arisen in connection with the Nevada Business.  Except as set forth on Section 3.18(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter, none of the Retained Assets are used or held for use in connection with the Nevada Business, and none of the Assumed Liabilities have arisen in connection with the Mexico Business.
 
(d)            No Liabilities from the Nevada Business.  Immediately after consummation of the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated by the Separation Agreement, the RemainCo Entities will not have any Liabilities directly or indirectly related to, or arising out of, the Nevada Business.
 
(e)            Sufficiency of Assets.  Immediately after consummation of the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated by the Separation Agreement, the Retained Assets will be sufficient for the RemainCo Entities to carry on the Mexico Business in relation to the San Miguel Project after the Closing in substantially the same manner as they conducted the Mexico Business in relation to the San Miguel Project before the Closing.
 
(f)            Complete Separation.  Immediately after consummation of the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated by the Separation Agreement, except for this Agreement and the Separation Agreement, (i) the RemainCo Entities will owe no obligations or Liabilities to the SpinCo Entities and the SpinCo Entities will owe no obligations or Liabilities to the RemainCo Entities, and (ii) there will be no Contracts between any RemainCo Entity, on the one hand, and any SpinCo Entity, on the other hand.
 
(g)            Employee Liabilities.  Immediately after consummation of the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated by the Separation Agreement, the RemainCo Entities will have no employees who are employed primarily in connection with the Nevada Business, and no Liabilities related to employees or employee-benefits for employees who are or were employed primarily in connection with the Nevada Business.
 
(h)            Sufficient Surplus.  On the Closing Date, the Company will have a sufficient surplus, as determined in accordance with Section 170 of the DGCL, to consummate the Spin-Off in accordance with this Agreement and the Separation Agreement.
 
(i)             Solvency.  Immediately after giving effect to the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Separation Agreement to occur in connection with the Spin-Off (including the incurrence of indebtedness under the Promissory Note and the contribution of the proceeds thereof by the Company to SpinCo), each of SpinCo and the Company will be Solvent.  “Solvent” means that, as of any date of determination and with respect to any Person, (i) the amount of the “fair saleable value” of the assets of such Person and its wholly owned Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, exceeds, as of such date, the sum of all “debts” of such Person and its wholly owned Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, including contingent liabilities, as such quoted terms are generally understood in accordance with applicable federal Law governing the insolvency of debtors; (ii) such Person will not have, as of such date, an unreasonably small amount of capital for the operation of the business; and (iii) such Person will be able to pay its debts, including contingent liabilities, as they mature.
 
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SECTION 3.19    San Miguel Technical Report.  (a)  Section 3.19(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter includes a true and complete copy of the current technical report commissioned by the Company with respect to the San Miguel Project (the “San Miguel Technical Report”).  The San Miguel Technical Report was prepared in accordance with and conforms with the requirements of all applicable Laws and guidelines, including Canadian National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”), and contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed therein to make such report not misleading.  The information provided by the Company and its Subsidiaries to the Qualified Persons (as defined in NI 43-101) in connection with the preparation of the San Miguel Technical Report was complete and accurate in all material respects at the time such information was furnished.  To the Knowledge of the Company, the projected production and financials results relating to the San Miguel Project included in the San Miguel Technical Report are reasonable.  Since August 22, 2014, there has been no reduction in the measured, indicated or inferred mineral resource estimates of the San Miguel Project from the mineral resource estimates disclosed in the San Miguel Technical Report, other than reductions that in the aggregate are de minimis, nor has there occurred any other event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts that would reasonably be expected to require a material revision or change to any of the other information set forth in the San Miguel Technical Report or that would otherwise require an updated technical report to be prepared or filed under NI 43-101.  The Company has timely filed the San Miguel Technical Report with the applicable Canadian Securities Regulators, and each such filing was made in compliance with all Laws applicable thereto.
 
(b)            The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all technical and exploration information and data relating to the San Miguel Project that is within its possession or control, including all geological, geophysical and geochemical information and data, all drill sample and assay results, all maps, technical reports and feasibility studies, and other similar reports, studies and information concerning the San Miguel Project.  The Company has the right to use all such information and data, and the Company and its Subsidiaries have not breached any obligation of confidentiality in favor of any third Person by disclosing such information and data to Parent.
 
SECTION 3.20    San Miguel Mining Rights and Real Property.  (a)  Section 3.20(a)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter includes a true and complete list, except for any de minimis inaccuracies, as of the date hereof, of all surface lands, concession rights and mineral lands owned in fee by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and forming part of the San Miguel Project (the “Owned Properties”) and the associated Contracts pursuant to which the Company and its Subsidiaries acquired such ownership (the “Property Acquisition Contracts”).  Section 3.20(a)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Letter includes a true and complete list, except for any de minimis inaccuracies, as of the date hereof, of all surface lands, concession rights and mineral lands in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has a leasehold or subleasehold interest and forming part of the San Miguel Project (the “Leased Properties”) and the associated Contracts pursuant to which the Company and its Subsidiaries hold such rights (the “Property Leases”).  Section 3.20(a)(iii) of the Company Disclosure Letter includes a true and complete list, except for any de minimis inaccuracies, as of the date hereof, of all other mineral concessions, mining concessions, millsites and other concessions, claims and other rights to explore for, develop, mine, produce or save any minerals, ore, metals or other substances held by Company or any of its Subsidiaries and forming part of the San Miguel Project (the “Concession Properties”) and the associated licenses, permits and Contracts pursuant to which the Company and its Subsidiaries hold or acquired such rights (the “Concession Contracts”).  Section 3.20(a)(iv) of the Company Disclosure Letter includes a true and complete list, except for any de minimis inaccuracies, as of the date hereof, of all water rights, water permits and related applications, whether certificated or not, held by Company or any of its Subsidiaries and forming part of the San Miguel Project (the “Water Rights”).  Section 3.20(a)(v) of the Company Disclosure Letter includes a true and complete list, except for any de minimis inaccuracies, as of the date hereof, of all surface agreements and other analogous agreements with owners of surface lands, held by Company or any of its Subsidiaries and forming part of the San Miguel Project (the “Surface Agreements”).
 
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(b)            Except for any rights acquired after the date hereof, the Owned Properties, the Leased Properties and the Concession Properties listed in the Company Disclosure Letter constitute all of the properties forming part of the San Miguel Project over which the Company and its Subsidiaries have any right to engage in exploration, mine development, construction or operation, or extraction or exploitation of minerals, ore, metals or other substances.
 
(c)            Except as set forth in Section 3.20(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter, with respect to each Owned Property, each Leased Property and each Concession Property, to the extent applicable:
 
(i)   the Company and its Subsidiaries collectively own all of the undivided legal and beneficial interests in and to the fee simple estate of such Owned Property, the leasehold or subleasehold estate of such Leased Property, and, subject to the limitations set forth in paragraph (f) below, the vested property interests in the possession of such Concession Property for mining and milling purposes, and have all surface rights, access rights and other rights and interests relating thereto necessary for the Company and its Subsidiaries to conduct their business as currently conducted, and there are no restrictions that preclude or restrict the ability of the Company and its Subsidiaries to do the same;
 
(ii)  to the extent any rights with respect thereto were issued by a Governmental Entity, such rights were properly granted by such Governmental Entity, are valid and enforceable and are properly held by the Company and its Subsidiaries;
 
(iii)  the Company and its Subsidiaries have made all filings, notices and recordations and paid all fees and Taxes required with respect thereto, and such property or right has been properly located and is otherwise in good standing under applicable Law;
 
(iv)  no Person (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries) holds any right, title, royalty, interest, right of first refusal, back-in right, purchase option, joint development option or other analogous right, interest or benefit with respect thereto;
 
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(v)  the Company and its Subsidiaries have the exclusive and quiet possession of, and the exclusive right to enter into and upon, and to hold and enjoy, such property or right for their own use and benefit without any interruption of or by any other Person;
 
(vi)  no such property or right is subject to any governmental decree or order to be sold or is being condemned, expropriated or otherwise taken by any public authority with or without payment of compensation, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, has any such condemnation, expropriation or taking been proposed;
 
(vii)  neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice from any Governmental Entity or any third Person of any abandonment or forfeiture of, or revocation or intention to revoke any, of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ rights or interests with respect to such property or right;
 
(viii)  all plants, structures, roads, processing facilities, mills, leaching facilities and other buildings, fixtures and improvements located on such property are currently being maintained by the Company on a “care and maintenance” basis in accordance in all material respects with customary mining practices (and the Company and its Subsidiaries do not own or lease any such items except those located on the Owned Properties, Leased Properties and Concession Properties);
 
(ix)  there are no Liens or other rights or claims of any third Person on or affecting such property or right, or conflicting with the rights of the Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to such property or right, except for (A) Liens for current Taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies not yet past due or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP, (B) mechanics’, materialmen’s, workmen’s, repairmen’s, warehousemen’s and carriers’ Liens with respect to amounts not yet past due or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP, (C) zoning restrictions and other analogous limitations imposed by any Governmental Entity having jurisdiction over real property, (D) with respect to any Leased Property, the rights of the owner of such property under the associated Property Lease or with respect to any Concession Property subject to a Concession Contract or any Owned Property subject to a Property Acquisition Contract, the rights of the counterparty to any such contract, (E) Liens of pledges or deposits under workers’ compensation laws or similar legislation, unemployment insurance or other types of analogous social security, and (F) rights reserved to or vested in any Governmental Entity to control or regulate any interest in the properties in any manner, and all laws, rules and regulations of any Governmental Entity; and
 
(x)  there are no Actions or disputes pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened regarding such property or right or the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ rights with respect thereto.
 
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(d)            With respect to each Owned Property, the Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to such property and, if located in Mexico, duly registered title in the corresponding public registry that is enforceable against third parties.  (i) Each Property Acquisition Contract, to the extent not expired in accordance with its terms, is valid and binding on each party thereto, and is in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity); (ii) each party thereto has performed all material obligations required to be performed by it under each Property Acquisition Contract; and (iii) there is no material default under any Property Acquisition Contract by any party thereto, and no event or condition has occurred that constitutes or, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute, a material default on the part of any party thereto, nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries received any notice of any such default, event or condition.  The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all Property Acquisition Contracts.
 
(e)            With respect to each Leased Property, the Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable leasehold or subleasehold title to such property.  (i) Each Property Lease, including each subleased lease, is valid and binding on each party thereto, and is in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity); (ii) each party thereto has performed all material obligations required to be performed by it under each Property Lease and each subleased lease; and (iii) there is no material default under any Property Lease or subleased lease by any party thereto, and no event or condition has occurred that constitutes or, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute, a material default on the part of any party thereto, nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries received any notice of any such default, event or condition.  The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all Property Leases.
 
(f)            With respect to each Concession Property and each mining concession that is a Leased Property, (i) all mining claims were properly laid out and monumented; (ii) all required location and validation work has been properly performed; (iii) all required location notices and certificates were properly drafted and have been duly and timely recorded and filed with appropriate Governmental Entities; (iv) all location fees, mining claim rental fees, and mining claim maintenance fees required to hold each such Concession Property or leased mining claim and maintain it in good standing have been paid; (v) all affidavits of payment of maintenance fees or notices of intent to hold and other filings required to maintain such Concession Property or leased mining claim in good standing have been properly drafted and have been duly and timely recorded or filed with the appropriate Governmental Entities; (vi) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notification of any unresolved violation or noncompliance with location and maintenance requirements for such Concession Property or leased mining claim and (vii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has Knowledge of any conflicting mining claims.  To the extent applicable, (A) each Concession Contract is valid and binding on each party thereto, and is in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity); (ii) each party thereto has performed all material obligations required to be performed by it under each Concession Contract; and (iii) there is no material default under any Concession Contract by any party thereto, and no event or condition has occurred that constitutes or, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute, a material default on the part of any party thereto, nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries received any notice of any such default, event or condition.  The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all Concession Contracts.
 
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(g)            With respect to each Water Right, the Company has made all filings and proofs necessary to maintain such Water Right in good standing.
 
(h)            With respect to each Surface Agreement, (i) such agreement is valid and binding on each party thereto, and is in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity); (ii) each party thereto has performed all material obligations required to be performed by it under such agreement; and (iii) there is no material default under such agreement by any party thereto, and no event or condition has occurred that constitutes or, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute, a material default on the part of any party thereto, nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries received any notice of any such default, event or condition.  The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all Surface Agreements.
 
(i)            None of the parcels of Owned Property, Leased Property or Concession Property have any agrarian history.  Each parcel of Owned Property, Leased Property and Concession Property is free from any agrarian contingency, including any controversies with ejido members or the Mexican National Agrarian Registry (Registro Agrario Nacional).
 
SECTION 3.21    Intellectual Property.  Except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company or one of its Subsidiaries owns or is licensed or otherwise possesses adequate rights to use (in the manner and to the extent it has used the same) all trademarks (whether registered or unregistered), servicemarks (whether registered or unregistered), trade names, domain names, copyrights (whether registered or unregistered), patents, trade secrets and other intellectual property of any kind used in their respective businesses as currently conducted (collectively, the “Company Intellectual Property”).  Except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (a) there are no pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened claim by any Person alleging infringement, misappropriation or dilution by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of the intellectual property rights of any Person; (b) the conduct of the businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries has not infringed, misappropriated or diluted, and does not infringe, misappropriate or dilute, any intellectual property rights of any Person; (c) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has made any claim of infringement, misappropriation or other violation by others of its rights to or in connection with the Company Intellectual Property; (d) no Person is infringing, misappropriating or diluting any Company Intellectual Property; (e) the Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable steps to protect the confidentiality of their trade secrets and the security of their computer systems and networks; and (f) the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in the loss of, or give rise to any right of any third party to terminate any of the Company’s or any Subsidiaries’ rights or obligations under, any Contract under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries grants to any Person, or any Person grants to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, a license or right under or with respect to any Company Intellectual Property.
 
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SECTION 3.22    State Takeover Statutes.  The resolutions of the Company Board referred to in Section 3.4 are sufficient to render Section 203 of the DGCL inapplicable to Parent and Merger Sub and to this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby.  No other “moratorium,” “fair price,” “business combination,” “affiliated transactions,” “control share acquisition” or similar provision of any state anti-takeover law (collectively, the “Anti-Takeover Statutes”) is applicable to this Agreement, the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby.  There is no stockholder rights plan, “poison pill”, anti-takeover plan or other similar device in effect to which the Company is a party or is otherwise bound.
 
SECTION 3.23    Related Party Transactions.  Except for those Material Contracts listed in Section 3.15(a)(x) of the Company Disclosure Letter and any Company Plan listed on Section 3.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter, no present or former director, officer, stockholder or Affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of such Person’s Affiliates or immediate family members (collectively, the “Related Parties”), is a party to any Contract with or binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties, or has any interest in any property owned or leased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including any Owned Property, Leased Property or Concession Property).  Section 3.23 of the Company Disclosure Letter describes in reasonable detail all transactions between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any Related Party, on the other hand, entered into or consummated since December 31, 2012 through the date hereof, excluding the payment of compensation or benefits to Related Parties in their capacity as directors or officers of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice (any such transaction, a “Related Party Transaction”).  Each Related Party Transaction, as of the time it was entered into and as of the time of any amendment or renewal thereof, contained such terms, provisions and conditions as were at least as favorable to the Company and its Subsidiaries as would have been obtainable by the Company and its Subsidiaries in a similar transaction with an unaffiliated third Person.
 
SECTION 3.24    Brokers.  No broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other Person, other than Scotia Bank (USA) Inc., the fees and expenses of which will be paid by the Company, is entitled to any broker’s, finder’s, financial advisor’s or other similar fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates.  The Company has furnished to Parent a true and complete copy of any Contract between the Company and Scotia Bank (USA) Inc. pursuant to which Scotia Bank (USA) Inc. could be entitled to any payment from the Company relating to the transactions contemplated hereby.
 
SECTION 3.25    Opinion of Financial Advisor.  The Company has received the opinion of Scotia Bank (USA) Inc., as of the date of this Agreement, to the effect that, as of such date, the Merger Consideration, together with the Spin-Off, is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of shares of Company Common Stock.
 
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ARTICLE IV
 
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT AND MERGER SUB
 
Except as set forth in the corresponding section or subsection of the disclosure letter delivered by Parent to the Company contemporaneously with the execution of this Agreement (the “Parent Disclosure Letter”), Parent and Merger Sub represent and warrant to the Company as follows:
 
SECTION 4.1       Organization, Standing and Power.  (a)  Each of Parent and Merger Sub (i) is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, (ii) has all requisite corporate or similar power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted, and (iii) is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership, leasing or operation of its properties makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in the case of this clause (iii), where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
 
(b)            Parent has made available to the Company true and complete copies of each of Parent’s and Merger Sub’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and each as so delivered is in full force and effect.  Neither Parent nor Merger Sub is in violation of any provision of its certificate of incorporation or bylaws.
 
SECTION 4.2       Capitalization.  (a)  The authorized capital stock of Parent consists of 150,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share (the “Parent Preferred Stock”).  As of the close of business on the Measurement Date, (i) 103,435,204 shares of Parent Common Stock (excluding treasury shares and shares held by Parent’s Subsidiaries) were issued and outstanding, (ii) no shares of Parent Common Stock were held by Parent in its treasury and no shares of Parent Common Stock were held by Parent’s Subsidiaries, (iii) no shares of Parent Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding, (iv) no shares of Parent Preferred Stock were held by Parent in its treasury and no shares of Parent Preferred Stock were held by Parent’s Subsidiaries, (v) 2,348,409 shares of Parent Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to equity-based compensation or benefit plans of Parent, (vi) 856,504 shares of Parent Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding 3.25% convertible senior notes of Parent, (vii) 1,588,768 shares of Parent Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding warrants of Parent, and (viii) no shares of Parent Preferred Stock were reserved for issuance.
 
(b)            All outstanding shares of capital stock of Parent are, and all shares reserved for issuance will be, when issued, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to or issued in violation of any purchase option, call option, right of first refusal, preemptive right or subscription right, nor issued in violation of any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of Parent, or any Contract to which Parent is a party or is otherwise bound.
 
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(c)            Except as (i) set forth in paragraph (a) above and (ii) for changes since the close of business on the Measurement Date, there are no outstanding (A) shares of capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of Parent, (B) securities of Parent convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of Parent, (C) stock appreciation rights, “phantom” stock rights, performance units or interests in or rights to the ownership or earnings of Parent or other equity equivalent or equity-based awards or rights, (D) subscriptions, options, warrants, calls or commitments with respect to, or Contracts or other rights to acquire from Parent, or obligations of Parent to issue, any shares of capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of Parent, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for capital stock or other voting securities or equity interests of Parent or rights or interests described in the preceding clause (C), or (E) obligations of Parent to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any such securities or to issue, grant, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, granted, delivered or sold, any such securities.
 
(d)            The shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the Merger will be, when issued, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to or issued in violation of any purchase option, call option, right of first refusal, preemptive right or subscription right, nor issued in violation of any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of Parent, or any Contract to which Parent is a party or is otherwise bound.
 
(e)            The authorized capital stock of Merger Sub consists of 100 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of which 100 shares are issued and outstanding, all of which shares are owned by Parent.
 
SECTION 4.3       Authority.  (a)  Each of Parent and Merger Sub has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Parent and Merger Sub and no other corporate proceedings on the part of Parent or Merger Sub are necessary to approve this Agreement or to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, other than (i) in the case of the consummation of the Merger, the adoption of this Agreement by Parent in its capacity as the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, and (ii) the approval of the issuance of Parent Common Stock as Merger Consideration by the holders of at least a majority of the shares of Parent Common Stock represented and voting on the matter at the Parent Stockholders Meeting, as required by Section 312.03 of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual (the “Parent Stockholder Approval”).  This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Parent and Merger Sub and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by the Company, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of Parent and Merger Sub, enforceable against Parent and Merger Sub in accordance with its terms (except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general principles of equity).
 
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(b)            The Board of Directors of Parent (the “Parent Board”), at a meeting duly called and held at which all directors were present, duly and unanimously adopted resolutions (a) approving this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, (b) directing that the issuance of Parent Common Stock contemplated by this Agreement be submitted to the stockholders of Parent for approval, and (c) recommending that the stockholders of Parent approve the issuance of Parent Common Stock contemplated by this Agreement, which resolutions have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or withdrawn in any way.
 
(c)            The board of directors of Merger Sub, acting via written consent, duly and unanimously adopted resolutions, in each case in accordance with the DGCL, (a) approving and declaring advisable this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, (b) directing that this Agreement be submitted to Parent, the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, for adoption, and (c) recommending that Parent, the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, adopt this Agreement, which resolutions have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or withdrawn in any way.
 
(d)            The Parent Stockholder Approval is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of Parent’s capital stock or other securities required in connection with the Merger, and no vote of the holders of any class or series of Parent’s capital stock or other securities is required in connection with the consummation of the other transactions contemplated hereby.
 
SECTION 4.4       No Conflict; Consents and Approvals.  (a)  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub does not, and the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and compliance by Parent and Merger Sub with the provisions hereof will not, conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration of any obligation or to the loss of a benefit under, or result in the creation of any Lien in or upon any of the properties or rights of Parent and Merger Sub under, or give rise to any increased, additional, accelerated or guaranteed rights or entitlements under, or require any consent, waiver or approval of any Person pursuant to, any provision of:
 
(i)  the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of Parent or Merger Sub;
 
(ii)  subject to the governmental filings and other matters referred to in paragraph (b) below, any Law applicable to Parent or Merger Sub or by which Parent or Merger Sub or any of their respective properties may be bound, or any rule or regulation of the New York Stock Exchange; or
 
(iii)  any material Contract to which Parent or Merger Sub is a party or by which Parent or Merger Sub or any of their respective properties may be bound.
 
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(b)            No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration, filing with or notice to, any Governmental Entity is required by or with respect to Parent or Merger Sub in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub or the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby or compliance with the provisions hereof, except for (i) the actions required by Mexican Antitrust Laws, (ii) such filings and reports as may be required pursuant to the applicable requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act and any other applicable U.S. or Canadian federal, state or provincial securities, takeover or “blue sky” laws or the rules of the New York Stock Exchange, (iii) the filing of a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required by the DGCL, (iv) a filing of a notice of investment with the Director of Investments in accordance with the Investment Canada Act (Canada), and (v) such other consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, filings and notices the failure of which to be obtained or made, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.  No filing or other action is required of Parent or Merger Sub under the HSR Act or the Canadian Antitrust Laws in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub or the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby or compliance with the provisions hereof.
 
SECTION 4.5       Public Filings; Financial Statements.  (a)  Parent has filed with or furnished to the SEC on a timely basis all forms, reports, schedules, statements (including proxy, information and registration statements) and other documents required to be filed with or furnished to the SEC by Parent since December 31, 2011 (all such documents, together with all exhibits and schedules to the foregoing materials and all information incorporated therein by reference, the “Parent SEC Documents”).  As of their respective filing dates (or, if amended by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, then on the date of such amendment), the Parent SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and all other applicable federal securities Laws (including, in each case, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder), and none of the Parent SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
 
(b)            The financial statements (including the related notes and schedules thereto) included or incorporated by reference in the Parent SEC Documents (i) have been prepared in a manner consistent with the books and records of Parent and its Subsidiaries, (ii) have been prepared in accordance with GAAP (except, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto), (iii) comply as to form in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, and (iv) fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of Parent and its Subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and their respective consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal and recurring year-end audit adjustments that were not, or are not expected to be, material in amount).
 
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(c)            Parent has filed with or furnished to the Canadian Securities Regulators on a timely basis all forms, reports, schedules, statements (including proxy, information and registration statements) and other documents required to be filed with or furnished to the Canadian Securities Regulators by Parent since December 31, 2011 (all such documents, together with all exhibits and schedules to the foregoing materials and all information incorporated therein by reference, the “Parent Canadian Securities Documents”).  As of their respective filing dates (or, if amended by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, then on the date of such amendment), the Parent Canadian Securities Documents complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of Canadian securities Laws (including, in each case, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder), and none of the Parent Canadian Securities Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  Since December 31, 2011, Parent has not filed any confidential material change report with any Canadian Securities Regulator, except for those reports that either (i) are no longer confidential or (ii) have been disclosed to the Company.
 
(d)            Parent is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable listing and corporate governance rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange.
 
SECTION 4.6       Absence of Certain Changes or Events.  Since September 30, 2014 and through the date hereof, except as disclosed in the Parent SEC Documents filed prior to the date hereof: (a) Parent and its Subsidiaries have conducted their businesses only in the ordinary course consistent with past practice; and (b) there has not been any change, event, development or circumstance that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 4.7       Reorganization.  Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has taken or agreed to take any action or is aware of any fact or circumstance that would prevent or impede, or could reasonably be expected to prevent or impede, the Merger from qualifying as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
 
SECTION 4.8       Merger Sub.  Merger Sub was formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and has engaged in no business other than in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
 
SECTION 4.9       Litigation.  As of the date hereof, there is no Action pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened against or affecting Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, any of their respective properties, or any present or former officer, director or employee of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries in such individual’s capacity as such, except for Actions that are not material to Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.  As of the date hereof, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries nor any of their respective properties is subject to any outstanding judgment, order, injunction, rule or decree, except for any such items that are not material to Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.  As of the date hereof, there is no Action pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened seeking to prevent, hinder, modify, delay or challenge the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
 
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SECTION 4.10    No Undisclosed Liabilities.  Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, known or unknown, whether due or to become due, that would be required under GAAP to be recorded or reflected on a balance sheet of Parent, except (a) to the extent accrued or reserved against in the consolidated balance sheet of Parent and its Subsidiaries as at September 30, 2014 included in the Parent SEC Documents filed prior to the date hereof, (b) for liabilities and obligations under Contracts included as exhibits in the Parent SEC Documents filed prior to the date hereof, (c) for liabilities and obligations under this Agreement, and (d) for liabilities and obligations that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 4.11    Brokers.  No broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other Person, other than Raymond James, the fees and expenses of which will be paid by Parent, is entitled to any broker’s, finder’s, financial advisor’s or other similar fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of Parent or Merger Sub.
 
ARTICLE V

COVENANTS
 
SECTION 5.1       Conduct of Business of the Company.  During the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, except as consented to in writing in advance by Parent or as otherwise expressly required by this Agreement, the Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, carry on its business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice and use reasonable best efforts to preserve intact its business organization, rights and properties, keep its properties in good repair and condition, keep available the services of its current officers, employees and consultants and preserve its goodwill and its relationships with Persons having business dealings with it.  In addition to and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, during the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, except as set forth in Section 5.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter or as expressly required by this Agreement, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries, without Parent’s prior written consent, to:
 
(a)            (i) declare, set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other distributions (whether in cash, stock or property) in respect of, any of its capital stock or other equity interests, except for (A) dividends by a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company to its parent and (B) dividends of the stock of SpinCo made in accordance with the terms hereof, (ii) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock or other equity interests of the Company or its Subsidiaries or any options, warrants, or rights to acquire any such shares or other equity interests, or (iii) except as contemplated by Section 3.2(f) of the Company Disclosure Letter with respect to the adjustment to the strike prices of Company Stock Options as a result of the Spin-Off, split, combine, reclassify or otherwise amend the terms of any of its capital stock or other equity interests or any outstanding options, warrants, or rights to acquire any such stock or other equity interests, or issue or authorize the issuance of any securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or other equity interests;
 
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(b)            issue, deliver, sell, grant, pledge or otherwise encumber or subject to any Lien any shares of its capital stock or other equity interests or any securities convertible into, or exchangeable for or exercisable for any such shares or other equity interests, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire, any such shares or other equity interests, or any stock appreciation rights, “phantom” stock rights, performance units, rights to receive shares of capital stock of the Company on a deferred basis or other rights linked to the value of shares of Company Common Stock, including pursuant to Contracts as in effect on the date hereof; provided, that the foregoing shall not prohibit the issuance of shares of Company Common Stock upon the exercise of Company Stock Options outstanding on the Measurement Date in accordance with their terms as in effect on the date hereof;
 
(c)            amend or otherwise change, or authorize or propose to amend or otherwise change, its certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or similar organizational documents);
 
(d)            directly or indirectly acquire or agree to acquire (i) by merging or consolidating with, purchasing a substantial equity interest in or a substantial portion of the assets of, making an investment in or loan or capital contribution to, or in any other manner, any corporation, partnership, association or other business organization or division thereof, (ii) any property or rights therein that would be an Owned Property, a Leased Property or a Concession Property if existing on the date hereof, or (iii) any assets that are otherwise material to the Company and its Subsidiaries;
 
(e)            except for the Royalty Agreement, directly or indirectly sell, lease, license, sell and leaseback, abandon, mortgage or otherwise encumber or subject to any Lien or otherwise dispose in whole or in part of any of its properties or rights (including any Owned Property, any Leased Property and any Concession Property) or any interest therein;
 
(f)            adopt or enter into a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization;
 
(g)            (i) incur, create, assume or otherwise become liable for, or prepay prior to maturity, any Indebtedness, or amend, modify or refinance any Indebtedness, or (ii) make any loans, advances or capital contributions to, or investments in, any other Person, other than the Company or any direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company;
 
(h)            incur or commit to incur any capital expenditure or authorization or commitment with respect thereto not provided for in the budget set forth on Section 5.1(h) of the Company Disclosure Letter;
 
(i)             (i) pay, discharge, settle or satisfy any claims, liabilities or obligations (whether absolute, accrued, asserted, unasserted, contingent or otherwise), other than the payment, discharge or satisfaction of any such items (A) in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (B) that are not material to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (C) as required by their terms as in effect on the date of this Agreement, (ii) cancel any Indebtedness owed to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iii) waive, release or transfer any claims, liabilities or obligations (whether absolute, accrued, asserted, unasserted, contingent or otherwise) of material value that are owed to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
 
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(j)             (i) modify, amend, terminate, cancel or extend any Material Contract (including any Property Lease or Surface Agreement), or (ii) enter into any Contract that if in effect on the date hereof would be a Material Contract, except, in each of clauses (i) and (ii), (A) with respect to any such Contract that will be a Contract solely of the SpinCo Entities after consummation of the Spin-Off and (B) with respect to any modification or amendment that is immaterial in its terms and effect;
 
(k)            enter into any transaction or take any action that, if entered into prior to the date hereof, would be a Related Party Transaction, or amend, waive, modify or terminate any existing Related Party Transaction;
 
(l)             (i) commence any Action (excluding any Action against Parent or Merger Sub with respect to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby), or (ii) compromise, settle or agree to settle any Action (including any Action relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, but excluding any such Action filed by the Company against Parent or Merger Sub);
 
(m)            change its financial or tax accounting methods, principles or practices, except insofar as may have been required by a change in GAAP or applicable Law, or revalue any of its material assets;
 
(n)            settle or compromise any material liability for Taxes, amend any material Tax Return, make any material Tax election or take any material position on any Tax Return filed on or after the date of this Agreement or change any method of accounting for Tax purposes;
 
(o)            change its fiscal year;
 
(p)            (i) except with respect to pay increases awarded prior to the date hereof and listed on Section 5.1(p) of the Company Disclosure Letter, grant or pay to any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee, consultant or independent contractor any increase in compensation, bonus or other benefits, or grant or pay to any such Person any type of compensation or benefits not previously paid to such Person, or grant or pay any bonus of any kind to any such Person, (ii) grant or pay to any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee, consultant or independent contractor any severance, change in control, retention, termination or analogous pay or benefits, or modifications thereto or increases therein, (iii) pay any benefit or grant or amend any award (including any Company Stock Options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, performance units or other stock-based or stock-related awards, or the removal or modification of any restrictions in any Company Plan or awards made thereunder) except as required to comply with any applicable Law or any Company Plan in effect as of the date hereof, (iv) adopt or enter into any collective bargaining agreement or other labor union contract, (v) take any action to accelerate the vesting, funding or payment of any compensation or benefit under any Company Plan or other analogous Contract or (vi) enter into any Contract that would be a Company Plan if existing as of the date hereof, or otherwise adopt any new employee benefit or compensation plan or arrangement, or amend, modify or terminate any existing Company Plan;
 
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(q)            renew or enter into any non-compete, exclusivity, non-solicitation or similar agreement that would restrict or limit the operations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
 
(r)            except to the extent required by the fiduciary duties of the Company Board under Delaware Law and as otherwise in compliance with Section 5.2, waive any material benefits of, or agree to modify in any adverse respect, or fail to enforce, or consent to any matter with respect to which its consent is required under, any confidentiality, standstill or similar agreement to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party;
 
(s)            enter into any new line of business outside of its existing business; or
 
(t)            authorize any of, or commit, resolve or agree to take any of, the foregoing actions.
 
SECTION 5.2       No Solicitation; Recommendation of the Merger by the Company Board.  (a)  The Company shall not, and shall not permit or authorize any of its Subsidiaries or any director, officer, employee, Affiliate, investment banker, financial advisor, attorney, consultant, accountant or other advisor, agent or representative (collectively, “Representatives”) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, to (i) solicit, initiate, endorse, encourage or facilitate any inquiry, proposal or offer with respect to, or the making or completion of, any Acquisition Proposal, or any inquiry, proposal or offer that is reasonably likely to lead to any Acquisition Proposal, (ii) enter into, continue or otherwise participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding, or furnish to any Person any information or data with respect to, or otherwise cooperate in any way with, any Acquisition Proposal or (iii) resolve, agree or propose to do any of the foregoing.  The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries and the Representatives of the Company and its Subsidiaries to, (A) immediately cease and cause to be terminated all existing discussions and negotiations (if any) with any Person conducted heretofore with respect to any Acquisition Proposal or potential Acquisition Proposal, (B) request the prompt return or destruction of all confidential information previously furnished (and shut down any “dataroom” or analogous access to information) with respect to any Acquisition Proposal or potential Acquisition Proposal, and (C) not terminate, waive, amend, release or modify any provision of any confidentiality or standstill agreement to which it or any of its Affiliates or Representatives is a party with respect to any Acquisition Proposal or potential Acquisition Proposal, and shall enforce the provisions of any such agreement.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if at any time following the date of this Agreement and prior to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, (1) the Company receives a written Acquisition Proposal that the Company Board believes in good faith to be bona fide, (2) such Acquisition Proposal was unsolicited and did not otherwise result from a breach of this Section, (3) the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel and its financial advisor) that such Acquisition Proposal constitutes or is reasonably likely to lead to a Superior Proposal, and (4) the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel) that the failure to take the actions referred to in clause (I) or (II) below would constitute a breach of its fiduciary duties under Delaware Law, then the Company may (I) furnish information with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries to the Person making such Acquisition Proposal pursuant to a customary confidentiality agreement containing a standstill provision and other terms that are at least as favorable to the Company as those set forth in the Confidentiality Agreement; provided, that any non-public information provided to any such Person shall have been previously provided to Parent or shall be provided to Parent prior to or concurrently with the time it is provided to such Person, and (II) participate in discussions or negotiations with the Person making such Acquisition Proposal regarding such Acquisition Proposal.
 
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(b)            Neither the Company Board nor any committee thereof shall:
 
(i)  (A) withdraw (or modify or qualify in any manner adverse to Parent or Merger Sub) the adoption, approval, recommendation or declaration of advisability by the Company Board or any such committee of this Agreement, the Merger, the Spin-Off or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby, (B) adopt, approve, recommend, endorse or otherwise declare advisable any Acquisition Proposal, or (C) resolve, agree or publicly propose to take any such actions (each such action set forth in this paragraph (b)(i), an “Adverse Recommendation Change”); or
 
(ii) cause or permit the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to enter into any letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle, acquisition agreement, merger agreement, option agreement, joint venture agreement, partnership agreement, binding term sheet or other Contract (excluding a confidentiality agreement described in clause (I) of paragraph (a) above) (each, an “Alternative Acquisition Agreement”) constituting or related to, or which is intended to or is reasonably likely to lead to, any Acquisition Proposal, or resolve, agree or propose to take any such actions.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time prior to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, the Company Board may, if the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel) that the failure to do so would result in a breach of its fiduciary duties under Delaware Law, taking into account all adjustments to the terms of this Agreement that may be offered by Parent pursuant to this Section, make an Adverse Recommendation Change in response to a Superior Proposal; provided, however, that the Company may not make an Adverse Recommendation Change in response to a Superior Proposal unless:
 
(i)  the Company notifies Parent in writing at least five Business Days before taking that action of its intention to do so, and specifies the reasons therefor, including the terms and conditions of, and the identity of the Person making, such Superior Proposal, and contemporaneously furnishes a copy (if any) of the proposed Alternative Acquisition Agreement and any other relevant transaction documents; and
 
(ii) if Parent makes a proposal during such five Business Day period to adjust the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Company Board, after taking into consideration the adjusted terms and conditions of this Agreement as proposed by Parent, continues to determine in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel and its financial advisor) that such Superior Proposal continues to be a Superior Proposal and that the failure to make an Adverse Recommendation Change would result in a breach of its fiduciary duties under Delaware Law.
 
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During the five Business Day period prior to its effecting an Adverse Recommendation Change as referred to above, the Company shall negotiate with Parent in good faith (to the extent Parent seeks to negotiate) regarding any revisions to the terms of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement proposed by Parent.
 
(c)            In addition to the obligations of the Company set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) above, the Company shall promptly (and in any event within 24 hours of receipt) advise Parent in writing in the event the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Representatives receives (i) any indication by any Person that it is considering making an Acquisition Proposal, (ii) any inquiry or request for information, discussion or negotiation that is reasonably likely to lead to or that contemplates an Acquisition Proposal, or (iii) any proposal or offer that is or is reasonably likely to lead to an Acquisition Proposal, in each case together with a description of the material terms and conditions of and facts surrounding any such indication, inquiry, request, proposal or offer, the identity of the Person making any such indication, inquiry, request, proposal or offer, and a copy of any written agreement or other materials provided by such Person.  The Company shall keep Parent informed (orally and in writing) in all material respects on a timely basis of the status and details (including, within 24 hours after the occurrence of any amendment, modification, development, discussion or negotiation) of any such indication, inquiry, request, proposal or offer, including furnishing copies of any written inquiries, correspondence and draft documentation, and written summaries of any material oral inquiries or discussions.  Without limiting any of the foregoing, the Company shall promptly (and in any event within 24 hours) notify Parent orally and in writing if it determines to begin providing information or to engage in discussions or negotiations concerning an Acquisition Proposal pursuant to paragraphs (a) or (b) above and shall in no event begin providing such information or engaging in such discussions or negotiations prior to providing such notice.
 
(d)            The Company agrees that any violation of the restrictions set forth in this Section by any Representative of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not such Person is purporting to act on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or otherwise, shall be deemed to be a breach of this Agreement by the Company.
 
(e)            The Company shall not, and shall cause its Subsidiaries not to, enter into any confidentiality agreement with any Person subsequent to the date of this Agreement that would restrict the Company’s ability to comply with any of the terms of this Section, and represents that neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any such agreement as of the date hereof.
 
(f)            The Company shall not take any action to exempt any Person (other than Parent, Merger Sub and their respective Affiliates) from the restrictions of any Anti-Takeover Statute or otherwise cause such restrictions not to apply to such Person, or agree to do any of the foregoing.
 
(g)            Nothing contained in this Section shall prohibit the Company from taking and disclosing a position contemplated by Rule 14e–2(a), Rule 14d–9 or Item 1012(a) of Regulation M–A promulgated under the Exchange Act; provided, however, that any such disclosure (other than a “stop, look and listen” communication or similar communication of the type contemplated by Rule 14d–9(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act) shall be deemed to be an Adverse Recommendation Change unless the Company Board expressly reaffirms its recommendation to the Company’s stockholders in favor of the approval of this Agreement and the Merger in such disclosure.
 
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(h)            For purposes of this Agreement:
 
(i)  “Acquisition Proposal” means any proposal or offer with respect to any direct or indirect acquisition or purchase, in one transaction or a series of transactions, and whether through any merger, reorganization, consolidation, tender offer, self-tender, exchange offer, stock acquisition, asset acquisition, binding share exchange, business combination, recapitalization, liquidation, dissolution, joint venture or otherwise, of (A) assets or businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries that generate (or would reasonably be expected to generate, if in operation) 15% or more of the net revenues or net income or that represent 15% or more of the total assets (based on fair market value) of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, immediately prior to such transaction, or (B) 15% or more of any class of capital stock, other equity securities or voting power of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any resulting parent company of the Company, in each case other than the Merger and other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
 
(ii)  “Superior Proposal” means any unsolicited bona fide binding written Acquisition Proposal that the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel and its financial advisor), taking into account all legal, financial, regulatory and other aspects of the proposal and the Person making the proposal, including the financing terms thereof, is (A) more favorable to the stockholders of the Company from a financial point of view than the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including any adjustment to the terms and conditions proposed by Parent in response to such proposal) and (B) reasonably likely of being completed on the terms proposed on a timely basis; provided, that, for purposes of this definition of “Superior Proposal”, references in the term “Acquisition Proposal” to “15%” shall be deemed to be references to “75%”.
 
SECTION 5.3       Recommendation of the Stock Issuance by the Parent Board.  Neither the Parent Board nor any committee thereof shall withdraw (or modify or qualify in any manner adverse to the Company) (a) the adoption, approval, recommendation or declaration of advisability by the Parent Board or any such committee of the issuance of Parent Common Stock contemplated by this Agreement, or (b) resolve, agree or publicly propose to take any such actions (each such action set forth in this paragraph, a “Parent Adverse Recommendation Change”).
 
SECTION 5.4       Preparation of Proxies Statements and Form S-4; Company Stockholders Meeting; Parent Stockholders Meeting.
 
(a)            Company Proxy Statement.  As promptly as practicable after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall (i) prepare (with Parent’s reasonable cooperation) and file with the SEC and all applicable Canadian Securities Regulators and stock exchanges a proxy statement (as amended or supplemented from time to time, and together with the form of proxy, the “Company Proxy Statement”) to be sent to the stockholders of the Company relating to a special meeting of the stockholders of the Company (the “Company Stockholders Meeting”) to be held to consider the approval of this Agreement and (ii) in consultation with Parent, set a record date for the Company Stockholders Meeting and commence a broker search pursuant to Rule 14a–13 under the Exchange Act in connection therewith.
 
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(b)            Parent Proxy Statement.  As promptly as practicable after the date of this Agreement, Parent shall (i) prepare (with the Company’s reasonable cooperation) and file with the SEC and all applicable Canadian Securities Regulators and stock exchanges a proxy statement (as amended or supplemented from time to time, and together with the form of proxy, the “Parent Proxy Statement”) to be sent to the stockholders of Parent relating to a special meeting of the stockholders of Parent (the “Parent Stockholders Meeting”) to be held to consider the approval of the issuance of shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement and (ii) in consultation with the Company, set a record date for the Parent Stockholders Meeting and commence a broker search pursuant to Rule 14a–13 under the Exchange Act in connection therewith.
 
(c)            Form S-4.  As promptly as practicable after the date of this Agreement, Parent shall prepare (with the Company’s reasonable cooperation) and file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-4 (as amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Form S-4”), in which the Company Proxy Statement and the Parent Proxy Statement will be included, in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of the Parent Common Stock to be issued in the Merger.
 
(d)            Provision of Information.  Each of the Company and Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to have the Form S-4 declared effective under the Securities Act, and to have the Company Proxy Statement and the Parent Proxy Statement cleared of all SEC (and, as applicable, stock exchange) comments, as promptly as practicable after such filing and to keep the Form S-4 effective as long as is necessary to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby.  Each of Parent and the Company shall furnish to the other the information relating to it and its officers, directors and Affiliates required by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder to be set forth in the Company Proxy Statement, Parent Proxy Statement or Form S-4, as applicable.  Parent shall also take any action (other than qualifying to do business in any jurisdiction in which it is not now so qualified or filing a general consent to service of process) required to be taken under any applicable state securities or “blue sky” laws in connection with the issuance of shares of Parent Common Stock in the Merger and the Company shall furnish all information concerning the Company and the holders of Company Common Stock as may be reasonably requested in connection with any such action.
 
(e)            Accuracy of Company Information.  The Company shall ensure that (i) none of the information supplied by or on behalf of the Company for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Company Proxy Statement, Parent Proxy Statement or Form S-4 will, at the time the Company Proxy Statement, Parent Proxy Statement or Form S-4 is filed, at the time of any amendment or supplement thereto, at the time the Form S-4 (or any post-effective amendment or supplement) becomes effective under the Securities Act, or at the time of the Company Stockholders Meeting or Parent Stockholders Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) the Company Proxy Statement will not, at the time it is first mailed to the Company’s stockholders, at the time of any amendment or supplement thereto or at the time of the Company Stockholders Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, and (iii) the Company Proxy Statement will comply as to form in all material respects with the provisions of the Exchange Act; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply with respect to statements included or incorporated by reference in the Form S-4 or the Company Proxy Statement based on information supplied by or on behalf of Parent or Merger Sub specifically for inclusion or incorporation by reference therein.
 
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(f)            Accuracy of Parent Information.  Parent shall ensure that (i) none of the information supplied by or on behalf of Parent or Merger Sub for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Company Proxy Statement, Parent Proxy Statement or Form S-4 will, at the time the Company Proxy Statement, Parent Proxy Statement or Form S-4 is filed, at the time of any amendment or supplement thereto, at the time the Form S-4 (or any post-effective amendment or supplement) becomes effective under the Securities Act, or at the time of the Company Stockholders Meeting or Parent Stockholders Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) the Parent Proxy Statement will not, at the time it is first mailed to Parent’s stockholders, at the time of any amendment or supplement thereto or at the time of the Parent Stockholders Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, (iii) the Form S-4 (excluding the Company Proxy Statement included therein) will not, at the time the Form S-4 is filed with the SEC, at the time of any amendment or supplement thereto, at the time it (or any post-effective amendment or supplement) becomes effective under the Securities Act or at the time of the Company Stockholder Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and (iv) the Form S-4 (excluding the Company Proxy Statement included therein) will comply as to form in all material respects with the provisions of the Securities Act and Exchange Act; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply with respect to statements included or incorporated by reference in the Form S-4 or the Parent Proxy Statement based on information supplied by or on behalf of the Company specifically for inclusion or incorporation by reference therein.
 
(g)            Correction of Information.  If, at any time prior to the Effective Time, any information relating to the Company or Parent or any of their respective Affiliates, officers or directors, should be discovered by the Company or Parent that should be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the Company Proxy Statement, Parent Proxy Statement or Form S-4 so that such documents would not contain any misstatement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or that is otherwise required under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act to be included therein, the party that discovers such information shall promptly notify the other parties hereto and an appropriate amendment or supplement describing such information shall promptly be filed with the SEC and, to the extent required under applicable Law, disseminated to stockholders of the Company and Parent; provided that the delivery of such notice and the filing of any such amendment or supplement shall not affect or be deemed to modify any representation or warranty made by any party hereunder or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder to any party.
 
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(h)            Right of Review.  No filing of, or amendment or supplement to, the Company Proxy Statement, Parent Proxy Statement or Form S-4 (including any exhibits thereto) will be made by Parent or the Company, as applicable, without providing the other a reasonable opportunity to review and comment thereon.  Parent or the Company, as applicable, will advise the other promptly after it receives oral or written notice of (i) the time when the Form S-4 has become effective, (ii) the issuance of any stop order, (iii) the suspension of the qualification of the Parent Common Stock issuable in connection with the Merger, (iv) any oral or written request by the SEC for amendment of the Company Proxy Statement, Parent Proxy Statement or the Form S-4, or (v) any comments by the SEC or requests by the SEC for additional information, and will promptly provide the other with copies of any written communication from the SEC or any state securities commission and a reasonable opportunity to participate in the responses thereto.
 
(i)             Company Stockholder Meeting.  As promptly as practicable after the Form S-4 is declared effective under the Securities Act, the Company shall (i) duly call, give notice of, convene and hold the Company Stockholders Meeting and (ii) cause the Company Proxy Statement to be mailed to the Company’s stockholders.  The Company Stockholders Meeting shall be called solely for purposes of obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval and, without the prior written consent of Parent or as required by Law, no other matter shall be considered by the stockholders of the Company thereat.  The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that the Company Stockholder Meeting is held on the same day as the Parent Stockholder Meeting.
 
(j)             Parent Stockholder Meeting.  As promptly as practicable after the Form S-4 is declared effective under the Securities Act, Parent shall (i) duly call, give notice of, convene and hold the Parent Stockholders Meeting and (ii) cause the Parent Proxy Statement to be mailed to Parent’s stockholders.  The Parent Stockholders Meeting shall be called solely for purposes of obtaining the Parent Stockholder Approval and, without the prior written consent of the Company or as required by Law, no other matter shall be considered by the stockholders of Parent thereat.  Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that the Parent Stockholder Meeting is held on the same day as the Company Stockholder Meeting.
 
(k)             Recommendation of Company Board.  Except in the case of an Adverse Recommendation Change permitted by Section 5.2, the Company, through the Company Board, shall (i) recommend to its stockholders that they adopt this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, and (ii) include such recommendation in the Company Proxy Statement.
 
(l)             Recommendation of Parent Board.  Parent, through the Parent Board, shall (i) recommend to its stockholders that they approve the issuance of Parent Common Stock contemplated by this Agreement, and (ii) include such recommendation in the Parent Proxy Statement.
 
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(m)           Force the Vote.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each of the Company and Parent agrees that its obligations pursuant to this Section (including its obligations to hold the Company Stockholder Meeting or the Parent Stockholder Meeting, as applicable) shall not be affected by the commencement, public proposal, public disclosure or communication to the Company, Parent or any other Person of any Acquisition Proposal, or the making of an Adverse Recommendation Change or a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change.
 
SECTION 5.5       Cooperation with Spin-Off Activities.  Each of the Company and SpinCo shall and shall cause its Subsidiaries to reasonably cooperate with Parent in connection with all aspects of the Spin-Off, including by providing drafts of all Contracts and filings related thereto to Parent for Parent’s review and comment a reasonable period of time in advance of their execution or filing.  Each of the Company and SpinCo shall not and shall cause its Subsidiaries not to execute any such Contracts or file any such filings without Parent’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld (provided, that Parent’s consent shall not be required in connection with any such Contract that will be a Contract solely of the SpinCo Entities after consummation of the Spin-Off).  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company and SpinCo shall have the right, without Parent’s prior written consent, to: (a) merge SpinCo into its direct Subsidiary, and (b) merge SpinCo into a newly formed Delaware corporation, in each case as part of the Spin-Off transaction.
 
SECTION 5.6       Preparation of Form S-1; Consummation of the Spin-Off.
 
(a)            Form S-1.  As promptly as practicable after the date of this Agreement, (i) SpinCo shall prepare (with Parent’s reasonable cooperation) and file with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act on Form S-1 (as amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Form S-1”) to register its shares of common stock in the Spin-Off, (ii) in consultation with Parent, the Company shall set a record date for the Spin-Off, and (iii) the Company and SpinCo shall, in consultation with Parent, establish any appropriate procedures to be used by the Company or SpinCo or the holders of Company Common Stock in connection with the Spin-Off.
 
(b)            Provision of Information.  SpinCo shall use its reasonable best efforts to have the Form S-1 declared effective under the Securities Act, and to have the Form S-1 cleared of all SEC comments, as promptly as practicable after such filing and to keep the Form S-1 effective as long as is necessary to consummate the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby.  Each of SpinCo, the Company and Parent shall furnish to the other the information relating to it and its officers, directors and Affiliates required by the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder to be set forth in the Form S-1.  SpinCo and the Company shall also take any action required to be taken under any applicable state or foreign securities or “blue sky” laws in connection with the Spin-Off.
 
(c)            Accuracy of SpinCo and Company Information.  SpinCo and the Company shall ensure that (i) none of the information supplied by or on behalf of SpinCo or the Company for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Form S-1 will, at the time the Form S-1 is filed with the SEC, at the time of any amendment or supplement thereto, or at the time the Form S-1 (or any post-effective amendment or supplement) becomes effective under the Securities Act, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) the Form S-1 will not, at the time the Form S-1 is filed with the SEC, at the time of any amendment or supplement thereto, or at the time it (or any post-effective amendment or supplement) becomes effective under the Securities Act, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and (iii) the Form S-1 will comply as to form in all material respects with the provisions of the Securities Act.
 
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(d)            Correction of Information.  If, at any time prior to the Effective Time, any information relating to SpinCo, the Company or Parent or any of their respective Affiliates, officers or directors, should be discovered by SpinCo, the Company or Parent that should be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the Form S-1 so that such document would not contain any misstatement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or that is otherwise required under the Securities Act to be included therein, the party that discovers such information shall promptly notify the other parties hereto and an appropriate amendment or supplement describing such information shall promptly be filed with the SEC and, to the extent required under applicable Law, disseminated to stockholders of the Company; provided that the delivery of such notice and the filing of any such amendment or supplement shall not affect or be deemed to modify any representation or warranty made by any party hereunder or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder to any party.
 
(e)            Right of Review.  No filing of, or amendment or supplement to, the Form S-1 (including any exhibits thereto) will be made by SpinCo without providing Parent a reasonable opportunity to review and comment thereon.  Each of SpinCo and the Company will advise Parent promptly after it receives oral or written notice of (i) the time when the Form S-1 has become effective, (ii) the issuance of any stop order, (iii) the suspension of the qualification of SpinCo common stock issuable in connection with the Spin-Off, (iv) any oral or written request by the SEC for amendment of the Form S-1, or (v) any comments by the SEC or requests by the SEC for additional information, and will promptly provide Parent with copies of any written communication from the SEC or any state securities commission and a reasonable opportunity to participate in the responses thereto.
 
(f)            Stock Exchange Listing.  Each of SpinCo and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the shares of SpinCo common stock to be distributed in the Spin-Off to be approved for listing on the NYSE MKT or the Toronto Stock Exchange (or, with Parent’s prior written consent, such other exchange as reasonably determined by the Company) prior to consummation of the Spin-Off.
 
(g)            Third Person Consents.  Without limiting the generality of the parties’ obligations in Section 5.8, each of SpinCo and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts, after having consulted with Parent, to promptly give notice to or procure the consent of any third Person that is entitled to notice, or whose consent to assignment (or waiver thereof) is required, in connection with the consummation of the Spin-Off.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Company nor SpinCo shall be required in connection with obtaining the consent of any third Person that is not a Governmental Entity to agree to (i) the payment of any consideration (monetary or otherwise) to such third Person, (ii) the concession or provision of any right to such third Person, or (iii) the amendment or modification in any manner adverse to the Company or SpinCo or any of their respective Affiliates of any Contract with such Person.
 
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(h)            Governance of SpinCo.  Prior to consummation of the Spin-Off, the Company and SpinCo shall take all necessary actions so that as of the consummation of the Spin-Off (i) the directors and executive officers of SpinCo shall be those described in the Form S-1 (unless otherwise agreed by the Company and SpinCo, with the prior written consent of Parent); and (ii) SpinCo shall have such other officers as SpinCo’s board of directors shall appoint.
 
(i)            Distribution Agent.  If necessary or desirable, prior to consummation of the Spin-Off, the Company and SpinCo shall appoint a third party bank, trust company or transfer agent (reasonably acceptable to Parent) to act as distribution agent in connection with the Spin-Off.
 
(j)            Consummation of the Spin-Off.  On the Closing Date, immediately prior to the Effective Time and in the following order:
 
(i)   Each of Parent and the Company shall execute the Promissory Note and consummate the transactions contemplated thereby.  The Company shall use all proceeds under the Promissory Note to make an equity contribution in SpinCo.
 
(ii)   SpinCo shall issue to Parent, in exchange for a cash payment by Parent in the amount of $1,470,000, newly issued shares of SpinCo common stock amounting to 4.9% of the outstanding SpinCo common stock after issuance.
 
(iii)  SpinCo and the Company shall enter into the Separation Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated thereby.
 
(iv)  The Company shall dividend to the Company’s stockholders on a pro rata basis all of the shares of SpinCo common stock then held by the Company.
 
The Company shall consummate the Spin-Off in compliance with all applicable Laws.
 
SECTION 5.7       Access to Information; Confidentiality.  (a)  The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, afford to Parent, Merger Sub and their respective Representatives reasonable access during normal business hours, during the period prior to the Effective Time, to all their respective properties, assets, books, contracts, commitments, personnel and records and, during such period, the Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, furnish promptly to Parent:  (a) a copy of each report, schedule, registration statement, filing, notice and other document filed or received by it during such period pursuant to the requirements of federal or state securities, mining, land use or real property Law and (b) all other information concerning its business, properties and personnel as Parent or Merger Sub may reasonably request (including Returns filed and those in preparation and the workpapers of its auditors); provided, however, that the foregoing shall not require the Company to disclose any information to the extent such disclosure would contravene applicable Law.
 
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(b)            All such information shall be held confidential in accordance with the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement between Parent and the Company dated as of November 12, 2014 (the “Confidentiality Agreement”).  No investigation pursuant to this Section or information provided, made available or delivered to Parent pursuant to this Agreement shall affect any of the representations, warranties, covenants, rights or remedies, or the conditions to the obligations of, the parties hereunder.
 
SECTION 5.8       Efforts to Consummate the Merger and Spin-Off.  (a)  Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, each of the parties shall use its reasonable best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or advisable (under Law or otherwise) in order to consummate the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement at the earliest practicable date, including by using and by causing its Affiliates to use its and their reasonable best efforts to:
 
(i)   prepare and file all forms, registrations and notices required under, and seek any consents, authorizations or other approvals required under, any Law or by any Governmental Entity in connection with the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby;
 
(ii)  provide as promptly as possible all information and documentary materials that may be requested pursuant to Mexican Antitrust Law;
 
(iii)  obtain all required consents, approvals or waivers from any third Person, including as required under any Contract;
 
(iv)  vigorously defend all Actions and other proceedings challenging this Agreement or the Merger or other transactions contemplated hereby;
 
(v)  resolve all objections asserted with respect to this Agreement or the Merger or other transactions contemplated hereby under any Law; and
 
(vi)  prevent the entry of, and have vacated, lifted, reversed or otherwise overturned (including by pursuing all avenues of appeal) any judgment, injunction or other order that would prevent, prohibit, restrict or delay the consummation of the Merger, the Spin-Off or other transactions contemplated hereby.
 
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each of the parties shall prepare and file as promptly as practicable as (and in any event no later than the 5th Business Day hereafter) an appropriate Combination Notice pursuant to the terms set forth in the Mexican Antitrust Laws.
 
(b)            Subject to applicable Law relating to the exchange of information, the parties shall keep each other reasonably apprised of the status of the matters addressed in this Section and shall cooperate with each other in connection with such matters, including by:
 
(i)  cooperating with each other in connection with filings or other written submissions required or advisable under any Law and liaising with each other in relation to each step of the procedure before the relevant Governmental Entities and as to the contents of all communications with such Governmental Entities.  To the extent permitted by Law, each party shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on any filing or other written materials being submitted to any Governmental Entity before submission, and the submitting party shall give reasonable and good faith consideration to any comments made by the other party; provided, however, that either party may limit disclosure of any sensitive business information exchanged pursuant to this paragraph (b) (including contents of draft or final copies of submissions) to the other party’s outside counsel;
 
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(ii)  furnishing to the other party all information within its possession that is required for any application or other filing to be made by the other party pursuant to applicable Law;
 
(iii)  promptly notifying each other of any material communications from or with any Governmental Entity with respect to the Merger, the Spin-Off or other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and ensuring to the extent permitted by Law and the applicable Governmental Entity that each of the parties has the opportunity to attend any meeting or phone call with or other appearance before any Governmental Entity;  provided, however, that either party may limit attendance at such meeting or phone call to outside counsel of the other party;
 
(iv)  consulting and cooperating with one another in connection with all analyses, appearances, presentations, memoranda, briefs, arguments, opinions and proposals made or submitted to any Governmental Entity; and
 
(v)  without prejudice to any rights of any party, consulting and cooperating in all respects in defending all Actions and other proceedings challenging this Agreement or the Merger or other transactions contemplated hereby under any Antitrust Law
 
(c)            In furtherance and not in limitation of the foregoing, the Company shall permit Parent to participate in the defense and settlement of any Action relating to this Agreement, the Merger, the Spin-Off or the other transactions contemplated hereby, and neither the Company nor any Affiliate thereof shall settle or compromise any such Action without Parent’s prior written consent.
 
(d)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Parent shall control the defense and settlement of all litigation initiated against Parent, the Parent Board or any of its or their Representatives, and shall be permitted to settle any such litigation in its sole discretion.
 
(e)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Parent shall not be required to take or agree to take any action, including entering into any consent decree, hold separate order or other arrangement, that would (i) require or result in the sale, divestiture or other direct or indirect disposition of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any part of the San Miguel Project, or any asset or business of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or (ii) limit Parent’s or any of its Affiliates’ freedom of action with respect to, or its or their ability to retain, consolidate or control, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any part of the San Miguel Project, or any asset or business of Parent or any of its Affiliates.
 
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(f)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, no party shall be required in connection with obtaining the consent of any third Person that is not a Governmental Entity to agree to (i) the payment of any consideration (monetary or otherwise) to such third Person, (ii) the concession or provision of any right to such third Person, or (iii) the amendment or modification in any manner adverse to the Company, Parent or any of their respective Affiliates of any Contract with such Person.
 
SECTION 5.9       Takeover Laws.  The Company and the Company Board shall (a) take no action to cause any Anti-Takeover Statute to become applicable to this Agreement, the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby and (b) if any Anti-Takeover Statute is or becomes applicable to this Agreement, the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby, take all action necessary to ensure that the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to minimize the effect of such Anti-Takeover Statute with respect to this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby.
 
SECTION 5.10    Notification of Certain Matters.  The Company and Parent shall promptly notify each other of (a) any notice or other communication received by such party or any of its Representatives from any Governmental Entity in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (b) any notice or other communication received by such party or any of its Representatives from any Person alleging that the consent of such Person is or may be required in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (c) any Action commenced or, to such party’s Knowledge, threatened which relates to the transactions contemplated hereby, or (d) any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts (i) that renders or would reasonably be expected to render any representation or warranty of such party set forth in this Agreement to be untrue or inaccurate, (ii) that results or would reasonably be expected to result in any failure of such party to comply with or satisfy in any material respect any covenant hereof, or (iii) that results or would reasonably be expected to result in any failure of any condition set forth in Article VI; provided, however, that no such notification shall affect any of the representations, warranties, covenants, rights or remedies, or the conditions to the obligations of, the parties hereunder.
 
SECTION 5.11    Indemnification, Exculpation and Insurance.  (a)  Parent and Merger Sub agree that all rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses existing in favor of the current or former directors and officers of the Company as provided in the Company Charter or Company Bylaws or those Contracts listed on Section 5.11 of the Company Disclosure Letter, in each case, as in effect on the date of this Agreement, for acts or omissions occurring prior to the Effective Time shall be assumed and performed by the Surviving Corporation and shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with their terms with respect to any claims against such directors or officers arising out of such acts or omissions, except as otherwise required by applicable Law.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Surviving Corporation sells or transfers all or substantially all of its assets, Parent shall cause the purchaser or transferee to assume the Surviving Corporation’s obligations under this Section (or shall provide that Parent or a Subsidiary of Parent that is no less creditworthy than the Surviving Corporation assume such obligations) and shall promptly notify the Company in writing of any such assumption.
 
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(b)            Prior to the Closing, Parent shall purchase a “tail” directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy for the Company and its directors, officers and other Persons who are currently covered by the existing directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage maintained by the Company in a form reasonably acceptable to Parent that shall provide such directors, officers and other Persons with coverage for six years following the Closing Date of not less than the existing coverage amount and have other terms not materially less favorable in the aggregate to the insured Persons in comparison to the Company’s existing insurance coverage; provided, that in no event shall Parent be obligated to pay in excess of the amount set forth on Section 5.11 of the Company Disclosure Letter for such tail policy.
 
(c)            The provisions of this Section shall survive consummation of the Merger and are intended to be for the benefit of, and will be enforceable by, each indemnified party, his or her heirs and his or her legal representatives.
 
SECTION 5.12    Stock Exchange Listing.  Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued in the Merger to be approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, subject to official notice of issuance, prior to the Effective Time.
 
SECTION 5.13    Public Announcements.  Unless and until an Adverse Recommendation Change or Parent Adverse Recommendation Change has occurred, each of Parent and Merger Sub, on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, shall, to the extent reasonably practicable, consult with each other before issuing, and give each other a reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon, any press release or other analogous public statement with respect to this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and shall not issue any such press release or make any other analogous public statement prior to such consultation, except as may be required by applicable Law, court process or rule or regulation of the NYSE.
 
SECTION 5.14    Section 16 Matters.  Prior to the Effective Time, the parties hereto shall take all such steps as may be required to cause (a) any dispositions of Company Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to Company Common Stock) resulting from the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement by each individual who is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to the Company to be exempt under Rule 16b–3 under the Exchange Act and (b) any acquisitions of Parent Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to Parent Common Stock) resulting from the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement by each individual (if any) who may become or is reasonably expected to become subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to Parent immediately following the Effective Time to be exempt under Rule 16b–3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.
 
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SECTION 5.15    Director Shares in Subsidiaries.  With respect to any Subsidiary of the Company that is not directly or indirectly wholly owned by the Company because one or more of such Subsidiary’s directors or officers owns equity in such Subsidiary, the Company shall, upon or prior to the Closing, cause each such director or officer to transfer such equity to a Person designated by Parent.
 
ARTICLE VI

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
 
SECTION 6.1       Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger.  The obligation of each party to effect the Merger is subject to the satisfaction or waiver by such party at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions:
 
(a)            Company Stockholder Approval.  The Company Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained.
 
(b)            Parent Stockholder Approval.  The Parent Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained.
 
(c)            Antitrust.  The authorization from the Mexican Federal Economic Competition Commission related to the transactions contemplated hereby shall have been obtained.
 
(d)            No Injunctions or Legal Restraints; Illegality.  No temporary restraining order, preliminary or permanent injunction or other judgment, order or decree issued by any court of competent jurisdiction or other legal restraint or prohibition shall be in effect, and no Law shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated, enforced or deemed applicable by any Governmental Entity that, in any such case, prohibits or makes illegal the consummation of the Merger.
 
(e)            Stock Exchange Listing.  The shares of Parent Common Stock issuable to the stockholders of the Company as provided for in Article II shall have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, subject to official notice of issuance.
 
(f)            Form S-4.  The Form S-4 shall have been declared effective by the SEC under the Securities Act and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Form S-4 shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been initiated.
 
(g)            Form S-1.  The Form S-1 shall have become effective under the Securities Act and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Form S-1 shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been initiated.
 
(h)            Spin-Off.  The Spin-Off shall have been consummated.
 
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SECTION 6.2       Conditions to the Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub.  The obligation of Parent and Merger Sub to effect the Merger is also subject to the satisfaction, or waiver by Parent, at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions:
 
(a)            Representations and Warranties.  (i) Each of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Sections 3.1 (Organization, Standing and Power), 3.2 (Capitalization), 3.4 (Authority), 3.5(a)(i) (No Conflict; Consents and Approvals), 3.6 (Public Filings; Financial Statements), 3.10 (Compliance with Laws), 3.18 (Spin-Off), 3.19 (San Miguel Technical Report), 3.20 (San Miguel Mining Rights and Real Property), 3.24 (Brokers), and 3.25 (Opinion of Financial Advisor) shall be true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date as if made as of the Closing Date (except to the extent such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case as of such earlier date), and (ii) each of the remaining representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement that are qualified as to materiality or Company Material Adverse Effect shall be true and correct, and each of the remaining representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement that are not so qualified shall be true and correct in all material respects, in each case as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date as if made as of the Closing Date (except to the extent such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case as of such earlier date).
 
(b)            Performance of Obligations of the Company.  The Company shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Effective Time.
 
(c)            Absence of Company Material Adverse Effect.  Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
 
(d)            No Litigation.  There shall not be pending or threatened in writing any Action by any Governmental Entity, or by any other Person having a reasonable likelihood of success, that seeks, directly or indirectly, to (i) challenge or make illegal or otherwise prohibit the consummation of the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby, or (ii) impose limitations on the ability of Parent to acquire or hold, or exercise full rights of ownership of, any shares of Company Common Stock (or shares of capital stock of the Surviving Corporation).
 
(e)            Officers’ Certificate.  Parent shall have received a certificate signed by the chief executive officer of the Company certifying as to the matters set forth in paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) above.
 
(f)            Tax Opinion.  Parent shall have received two written tax opinions of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, tax counsel to Parent (or such other nationally recognized tax counsel reasonably satisfactory to Parent), one dated as of the date the Form S-4 is declared effective and the second dated as of the Closing Date, in each case based on the facts, representations, assumptions and exclusions set forth or described therein, to the effect that the Merger will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.  In rendering each such opinion, such counsel shall be entitled to rely upon representation letters from each of Parent and the Company, in each case, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such counsel.
 
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SECTION 6.3       Conditions to the Obligations of the Company.  The obligation of the Company to effect the Merger is also subject to the satisfaction, or waiver by the Company, at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions:
 
(a)            Representations and Warranties.  (i) Each of the representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in Sections 4.1 (Organization, Standing and Power), 4.2 (Capitalization), 4.3 (Authority), 4.4(a)(i) (No Conflict; Consents and Approvals), 4.5 (Public Filings; Financial Statements) and 4.11 (Brokers) shall be true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date as if made as of the Closing Date (except to the extent such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case as of such earlier date), and (ii) each of the remaining representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement that are qualified as to materiality or Parent Material Adverse Effect shall be true and correct, and each of the remaining representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement that are not so qualified shall be true and correct in all material respects, in each case as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date as if made as of the Closing Date (except to the extent such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case as of such earlier date).
 
(b)            Performance of Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub.  Each of Parent and Merger Sub shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Effective Time.
 
(c)            Absence of Parent Material Adverse Effect.  Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
 
(d)            Officers’ Certificate.  The Company shall have received a certificate signed by an officer of Parent certifying as to the matters set forth in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) above.
 
(e)            Tax Opinion.  The Company shall have received two written tax opinions of LeClairRyan, A Professional Corporation, tax counsel to the Company (or such other nationally recognized tax counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company), one dated as of the date the Form S-4 is declared effective and the second dated as of the Closing Date, in each case based on the facts, representations, assumptions and exclusions set forth or described therein, to the effect that the Merger will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.  In rendering each such opinion, such counsel shall be entitled to rely upon representation letters from each of the Company and Parent, in each case, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such counsel.
 
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ARTICLE VII

TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
 
SECTION 7.1       Termination.  This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after the Company Stockholder Approval or Parent Stockholder Approval has been obtained (with any termination by Parent also being an effective termination by Merger Sub, and any termination by the Company also being effective termination by SpinCo):
 
(a)            by mutual written consent of Parent and the Company;
 
(b)            by either Parent or the Company:
 
(i)   if the Merger shall not have been consummated on or before September 30, 2015 (the “Outside Date”); provided, that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this paragraph (b)(i) shall not be available to any party who is then in material breach of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement;
 
(ii)  if any court of competent jurisdiction or other Governmental Entity shall have issued a judgment, order, injunction, rule or decree, or taken any other action restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and such judgment, order, injunction, rule, decree or other action shall have become final and non-appealable; provided, that the party seeking to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this paragraph (b)(ii) shall have complied in all material respects with its obligations under Section 5.8;
 
(iii)  if the Company Stockholder Approval shall not have been obtained at the Company Stockholders Meeting duly convened therefor or at any adjournment or postponement thereof at which a vote on the approval of this Agreement was taken; or
 
(iv)  if the Parent Stockholder Approval shall not have been obtained at the Parent Stockholders Meeting duly convened therefor or at any adjournment or postponement thereof at which a vote on the approval of the issuance of Parent Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement was taken;
 
(c)            by Parent:
 
(i)   if the Company or SpinCo shall have breached or failed to perform any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement (other than with respect to a breach of Section 5.2 or 5.4(i) or (k), as to which Section 7.1(c)(ii) shall apply), or if any representation or warranty of the Company shall have become untrue, which breach or failure to perform or to be true, either individually or in the aggregate, if occurring or continuing at the Effective Time (A) would result in the failure of any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 or 6.2 and (B) cannot be or has not been cured by the later of (1) the Outside Date and (2) 60 days after the giving of written notice to the Company of such breach or failure; provided, that Parent shall not have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this paragraph (c)(i) if Parent or Merger Sub is then in material breach of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement; or
 
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(ii)   if (A) an Adverse Recommendation Change shall have occurred, (B) the Company shall have failed to publicly reaffirm its recommendation of the Merger within five Business Days after the date any Acquisition Proposal or any material modification thereto is publicly announced or otherwise sent or given to the Company’s stockholders upon a request to do so by Parent, (C) the Company shall have breached or failed to perform any of its obligations set forth in Section 5.2 or 5.4(i) or (k), or (D) the Company or the Company Board (or any committee thereof) shall have formally resolved or publicly authorized or proposed to take any of the foregoing actions;
 
(d)            by the Company:
 
(i)  if Parent or Merger Sub shall have breached or failed to perform any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement (other than with respect to a breach of Section 5.3 or 5.4(j) or (l), as to which Section 7.1(d)(ii) shall apply), or if any representation or warranty of Parent or Merger Sub shall have become untrue, which breach or failure to perform or to be true, either individually or in the aggregate, if occurring or continuing at the Effective Time (A) would result in the failure of any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 or 6.3 and (B) cannot be or has not been cured by the later of (1) the Outside Date and (2) 60 days after the giving of written notice to Parent of such breach or failure; provided, that the Company shall not have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this paragraph (d)(i) if the Company or SpinCo is then in material breach of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement; or
 
(ii) if Parent or Merger Sub shall have breached or failed to perform any of its obligations set forth in Section 5.3 or 5.4(j) or (l)
 
The party desiring to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1 (other than pursuant to Section 7.1(a)) shall give notice of such termination to the other party.
 
SECTION 7.2       Effect of Termination.  In the event of termination of this Agreement, this Agreement shall immediately become void and have no effect, without any liability or obligation on the part of Parent, Merger Sub, the Company or SpinCo, provided, that:
 
(a)            the Confidentiality Agreement (other than the standstill provision thereof) and the following Sections of this Agreement shall survive the termination hereof:  Sections 3.24 (Brokers), 4.11 (Brokers), 5.7(b) (Confidentiality), 5.13 (Public Announcements), this Section, Section 7.3( Fees and Expenses), 7.4 (Liquidated Damages for Certain Breaches by Parent); 7.5 (Amendment or Supplement), 7.6 (Extension of Time; Waiver) and Article VIII (General Provisions);  and
 
(b)            except to the extent provided in Section 7.4, no such termination shall relieve any party from any liability or damages resulting from a pre-termination breach of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements in this Agreement or fraud, in which case the non-breaching party shall be entitled to all rights and remedies available at law or in equity.
 
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SECTION 7.3       Fees and Expenses.  (a)  Except as otherwise provided in this Section, all fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement, the Merger, the Spin-Off and the other transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party incurring such fees or expenses, whether or not the Merger is consummated.
 
(b)            In the event that:
 
(i)   (A) an Acquisition Proposal (whether or not conditional) or intention to make an Acquisition Proposal (whether or not conditional) is made directly to the Company’s stockholders or is otherwise publicly disclosed or otherwise communicated to senior management of the Company or the Company Board, (B) this Agreement is terminated by the Company or Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(i) or (b)(iii) or by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(c)(i), and (C) within 12 months after the date of such termination, the Company enters into a definitive agreement in respect of any Acquisition Proposal (which such transaction is subsequently consummated), or recommends or submits an Acquisition Proposal to its stockholders for approval (which such transaction is subsequently consummated), or a transaction in respect of any Acquisition Proposal is consummated, which, in each case, need not be the same Acquisition Proposal that was made, disclosed or communicated prior to termination hereof (provided, that for purposes of this clause (C), each reference to “15%” in the definition of “Acquisition Proposal” shall be deemed to be a reference to “50%”); or
 
(ii)  this Agreement is terminated by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(c)(ii);
 
then, in any such event, the Company shall pay to Parent a fee of $5,000,000 (the “Company Breakup Fee”) less the amount of Parent Expenses previously paid to Parent (if any), it being understood that in no event shall the Company be required to pay the Company Breakup Fee on more than one occasion.
 
(c)            In the event that this Agreement is terminated by the Company or Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(iii) or by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(c)(i) under circumstances in which the Company Breakup Fee is not then payable, then the Company shall reimburse Parent and its Affiliates for all of their actual documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses (including all fees and expenses of counsel, accountants, investment bankers, experts and consultants) incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (the “Parent Expenses”), up to a maximum amount of $1,500,000.
 
(d)            In the event that this Agreement is terminated by the Company or Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(iv) or by the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(d)(i), then Parent shall reimburse the Company and its Affiliates for all of their actual documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses (including all fees and expenses of counsel, accountants, investment bankers, experts and consultants) incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (the “Company Expenses”), up to a maximum amount of $1,500,000.
 
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(e)            Payment of the Company Breakup Fee shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account designated by Parent (i) upon consummation of any transaction contemplated by an Acquisition Proposal, in the case of a Company Breakup Fee payable pursuant to Section 7.3(b)(i), or (ii) as promptly as reasonably practicable after termination (and, in any event, within five Business Days thereof), in the case of a Company Breakup Fee payable pursuant to Section 7.3(b)(ii).  Payment of the Parent Expenses shall be made by wire transfer of same day funds to the accounts designated by Parent within five Business Days after the Company’s having been notified of the amounts thereof by Parent.
 
(f)            Payment of the Company Expenses shall be made by wire transfer of same day funds to the accounts designated by the Company within five Business Days after Parent having been notified of the amounts thereof by the Company.
 
(g)            Each party acknowledges that the agreements contained in this Section are an integral part of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and that, without these agreements, the other party would not enter into this Agreement.  Accordingly, if any party fails promptly to pay any amounts due pursuant to this Section, and, in order to obtain such payment, the other party commences a suit that results in a judgment against defaulting party, the defaulting party shall pay to other party its costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) in connection with such suit, together with interest on the amounts due from the date such payment was required to be made until the date of payment at the prime lending rate as published in The Wall Street Journal in effect on the date such payment was required to be made.
 
(h)            The Company Breakup Fee, Parent Expenses and Company Expenses are not liquidated damages, and payment thereof shall not relieve any party from any liability or damage resulting from a breach of this Agreement.
 
(a)            Liquidated Damages for Certain Breaches by Parent.  In the event that this Agreement is terminated by the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(d)(ii), then Parent shall pay to the Company $5,000,000 as liquidated damages.  The Company’s and SpinCo’s sole remedy for any breach of this Agreement by Parent or Merger Sub of Section 5.3 or 5.4(l), and the Company’s and SpinCo’s sole monetary remedy for any breach of this Agreement by Parent or Merger Sub of Section 5.4(j), shall be such liquidated damages and, upon payment thereof, Parent and Merger Sub shall not have any further liability or obligation to the Company or SpinCo or their stockholders relating to or arising out of this Agreement or the failure of the Merger or any other transaction contemplated hereby to be consummated, whether in equity or at law, in contract, in tort or otherwise.  The foregoing shall not limit the Company’s right to specific performance of Section 5.4(j), to the extent provided in Section 8.10.
 
SECTION 7.5       Amendment or Supplement.  This Agreement may be amended, modified or supplemented at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after the Company Stockholder Approval or Parent Stockholder Approval has been obtained; provided, however, that after the Company Stockholder Approval or Parent Stockholder Approval has been obtained, no amendment shall be made that pursuant to applicable Law requires further approval by the stockholders of the Company or Parent without such further approval.  This Agreement may not be amended, modified or supplemented in any manner, whether by course of conduct or otherwise, except by an instrument in writing specifically designated as an amendment hereto, signed on behalf of each of the parties.
 
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SECTION 7.6       Extension of Time; Waiver.  At any time prior to the Effective Time, the parties may, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, (a) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or acts of the other parties, (b) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties of the other parties set forth in this Agreement or any document delivered pursuant hereto or (c) subject to applicable Law, waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions of the other parties contained herein; provided, however, that after the Company Stockholder Approval or Parent Stockholder Approval has been obtained, no waiver may be made that pursuant to applicable Law requires further approval by the stockholders of the Company or Parent without such further approval.  Any agreement on the part of a party to any such waiver shall be valid only if set forth in a written instrument executed and delivered by a duly authorized officer on behalf of such party.  No failure or delay of any party in exercising any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such right or power, or any course of conduct, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power.  The rights and remedies of the parties hereunder are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies which they would otherwise have hereunder.
 
ARTICLE VIII

GENERAL PROVISIONS
 
SECTION 8.1       Nonsurvival of Representations and Warranties.  None of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements in this Agreement or in any instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall survive the Effective Time, other than those covenants or agreements of the parties which by their terms apply, or are to be performed in whole or in part, after the Effective Time.
 
SECTION 8.2       Notices.  All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (a) on the date of receipt, if delivered personally, (b) on the date of receipt, if delivered by facsimile or e-mail during normal business hours on a Business Day or, if delivered outside of normal business hours on a Business Day, on the first Business Day thereafter, (c) on the first Business Day following the date of dispatch if delivered utilizing a next-day service by a recognized next-day courier, or (d) on the earlier of confirmed receipt or the fifth Business Day following the date of mailing if delivered by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid.  All notices hereunder shall be delivered to the addresses set forth below, or pursuant to such other instructions as may be designated in writing by the party to receive such notice:
 
if to Parent, Merger Sub or the Surviving Corporation, to:
 
Coeur Mining, Inc.
104 S. Michigan Ave., Suite 900
Chicago, Illinois 60603
Attention:     Mitchell Krebs, President and Chief Executive Officer, and  Casey M. Nault, Vice President, General Counsel and  Secretary
Facsimile:       (312) 489-5899
E-mail:                 MKrebs@coeur.com; CNault@coeur.com
 
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with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
200 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10166
Attention:      Steven R. Shoemate
Facsimile:       212.351.5316
E-mail:               sshoemate@gibsondunn.com
 
if to Company or SpinCo, to:
 
Paramount Gold and Silver Corp.
665 Anderson Street
Winnemucca, Nevada 89445
Attention:      Christopher Crupi, Chief Executive Officer
Facsimile:       613.226.5106
E-mail:               CCrupi@paramountgold.com
 
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

LeClairRyan
1037 Raymond Boulevard, 16th Floor
Newark, NJ 07102
Attention:      James T. Seery
Facsimile:       973.491.3415
E-mail:                james.seery@leclairryan.com
 
SECTION 8.3       Certain Definitions.  For purposes of this Agreement:
 
Affiliate” of any Person means any other Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such first Person;
 
Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by applicable Law to be closed;
 
Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
 
Company Material Adverse Effect” means any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts that (a) is materially adverse to the business, assets, liabilities, condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (b) is materially adverse to the business, assets, liabilities, condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations of the RemainCo Entities, taken as a whole, or (c) materially impairs the ability of the Company to consummate, or prevents or materially delays, the Merger, the Spin-Off or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that in the case of clauses (a) and (b) only, the determination of a Company Material Adverse Effect shall exclude the following events, changes, circumstances, occurrences, effects and states of fact:  (i) changes or conditions generally affecting the mining or precious metals industries, (ii) changes or conditions generally affecting the U.S. economy or financial or securities markets, (iii) changes in regulatory and political conditions, (iv) the outbreak or escalation of war or acts of terrorism, (v) changes in Law or GAAP since the date of this Agreement, and (vi) natural disasters; provided, further, that, with respect to clauses (i) through (vi), such matters shall be excluded solely to the extent that the impact of such matters is not disproportionately adverse to the Company and its Subsidiaries in comparison to similarly situated businesses (in which case the disproportionate impact shall be taken into account).
 
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Contract” means any contract, agreement, commitment or other legally binding instrument, understanding or arrangement, whether written or oral.
 
Control” (including the terms “Controlled” and “under common Control with”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
 
Governmental Entity” means any federal, state, provincial, local or foreign government or subdivision thereof or any other governmental, administrative, judicial, arbitral, legislative, executive, regulatory or self-regulatory authority, instrumentality, agency, commission or body, including any stock exchange.
 
Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money, or with respect to unearned advances of any kind to such Person, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all capitalized lease obligations of such Person, (d) all obligations of such Person under installment sale contracts, (e) all guarantees and arrangements (including collateral arrangements) having the economic effect of a guarantee by such Person of any Indebtedness of any other Person, and (f) all obligations or undertakings of such Person to maintain or cause to be maintained the financial position of others or to purchase the obligations of others.
 
Knowledge” means (a) with respect to the Company, the actual knowledge of Christopher Crupi, Carlo Buffone and Glen Van Treek, and any fact or matter which any such person would reasonably be expected to discover or otherwise become aware after due inquiry concerning the relevant matter, and (b) with respect to Parent or Merger Sub, the actual knowledge of Mitchell Krebs, Peter Mitchell and Frank Hanagarne Jr., and any fact or matter which any such person would reasonably be expected to discover or otherwise become aware after due inquiry concerning the relevant matter.
 
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Law” means any statute, law (including common law), ordinance, regulation, rule, code, injunction, judgment, decree or order of any Governmental Entity, whether domestic or foreign.
 
Merger Consideration Closing Value” means the (a) the closing price of Parent Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the first trading day immediately preceding the Closing Date, multiplied by (b) the Exchange Ratio.
 
Parent Common Stock” means the common stock of Parent, par value $0.01 per share.
 
Parent Material Adverse Effect” means any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts that (a) is materially adverse to the business, assets, liabilities, condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations of Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (b) materially impairs the ability of Parent and Merger Sub to consummate, or prevents or materially delays, the Merger, the Spin-Off or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that in the case of clause (a) only, the determination of a Parent Material Adverse Effect shall exclude the following events, changes, circumstances, occurrences, effects and states of fact:  (i) changes or conditions generally affecting the mining or precious metals industries, (ii) changes or conditions generally affecting the U.S. economy or financial or securities markets, (iii) changes in regulatory and political conditions, (iv) the outbreak or escalation of war or acts of terrorism, (v) changes in Law or GAAP since the date of this Agreement, and (vi) natural disasters; provided, further, that, with respect to clauses (i) through (vi), such matters shall be excluded solely to the extent that the impact of such matters is not disproportionately adverse to the Parent and its Subsidiaries in comparison to similarly situated businesses (in which case the disproportionate impact shall be taken into account).
 
Person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, trust or other entity or organization, including any Governmental Entity.
 
Return” means any return, declaration, report, claim for refund, statement, information statement and other document relating to Taxes, including any schedule or attachment thereto and including any amendment thereof.
 
Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person of which stock or other equity interests having ordinary voting power to elect more than 50% of the board of directors or other governing body are owned, directly or indirectly, by such first Person.
 
Taxes” means:  (i) all federal, state, local, foreign and other net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, registration, license, lease, service, service use, withholding, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, customs, duties or other taxes, fees, assessments or charges of any kind whatsoever (including any amounts resulting from the failure to file any Return), together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto; (ii) any liability for payment of amounts described in clause (i) whether as a result of transferee liability, of being a member of an affiliated, consolidated, combined or unitary group for any period or otherwise through operation of Law; and (iii) any liability for the payment of amounts described in clauses (i) or (ii) as a result of any tax sharing, tax indemnity or tax allocation agreement or any other express or implied agreement to indemnify any other Person.
 
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SECTION 8.4        Interpretation.  When a reference is made in this Agreement to an Article, Section, paragraph, clause or Exhibit, such reference shall be to an Article, Section, paragraph, clause or Exhibit of this Agreement unless otherwise indicated.  The table of contents and headings contained in this Agreement are for convenience of reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.  All words used in this Agreement will be construed to be of such gender as the circumstances require, and in the singular or plural as the circumstances require.  The Company Disclosure Letter, Parent Disclosure Letter and all Exhibits annexed hereto or referred to herein are hereby incorporated in and made a part of this Agreement as if set forth herein.  The word “including” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall mean “including, without limitation,” unless otherwise specified.  The words “hereof,” “hereto,” “hereby,” “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement.  The word “or” is not exclusive.  The word “extent” in the phrase “to the extent” shall mean the degree to which a subject or other thing extends, and such phrase shall not mean simply “if.”  The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.”  The words “asset” and “property” shall be deemed to have the same meaning, and to refer to all assets and properties, whether real or personal, tangible or intangible.  Any agreement, instrument or Law defined or referred to herein means such agreement, instrument or Law as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented, unless otherwise specifically indicated.  References to any Law include references to any associated rules, regulations and official guidance with respect thereto.  References to a Person are also to its predecessors, successors and assigns.  Unless otherwise specifically indicated, all references to “dollars” and “$” are references to the lawful money of the United States of America.  References to “days” mean calendar days unless otherwise specified.  Each party hereto has been represented by counsel in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and, accordingly, any rule of Law or any legal doctrine that would require interpretation of any claimed ambiguities in this Agreement against the drafting party has no application and is expressly waived.  The information and disclosures contained in any section of the Company Disclosure Letter or Parent Disclosure Letter, as applicable, shall be deemed to be disclosed and incorporated by reference in and with respect to the corresponding Section of this Agreement and to all additional Sections of Articles III or IV of this Agreement, as applicable, to the extent the applicability of such information and disclosure to such additional Sections of Articles III or IV is reasonably apparent on its face.  References to the “transactions contemplated by this Agreement” or words of similar import shall refer to all transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Exhibits attached hereto, including the Merger, the Spin-Off and the funding of SpinCo.
 
SECTION 8.5        Entire Agreement.  This Agreement (including the Exhibits hereto), the Company Disclosure Letter, the Parent Disclosure Letter, the Voting and Support Agreements and the Confidentiality Agreement constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all prior written agreements, arrangements, communications and understandings and all prior and contemporaneous oral agreements, arrangements, communications and understandings among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.
 
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SECTION 8.6        No Third Party Beneficiaries.  (a)  Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any Person other than the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature under or by reason of this Agreement, except that, following the Effective Time, Section 5.11 shall be enforceable as set forth therein.
 
(b)            The representations and warranties in this Agreement are the product of negotiations among the parties hereto and are for the sole benefit of the parties hereto.  Any inaccuracies in such representations and warranties are subject to waiver by the parties hereto without notice or liability to any other Person.  In some instances, the representations and warranties in this Agreement may represent an allocation among the parties hereto of risks associated with particular matters regardless of the knowledge of any of the parties hereto.  Persons other than the parties hereto may not rely upon the representations and warranties in this Agreement as characterizations of actual facts or circumstances as of the date of this Agreement or as of any other date.
 
SECTION 8.7       Governing Law.  This Agreement and all disputes or controversies arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the laws of any other jurisdiction that might be applied because of the conflicts of laws principles of the State of Delaware.
 
SECTION 8.8       Submission to Jurisdiction.  Each of the parties irrevocably agrees that any legal action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement brought by any party or its Affiliates against any other party or its Affiliates shall be brought and determined exclusively in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, provided that if jurisdiction is not then available in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, then any such legal action or proceeding shall be brought exclusively in any federal court located in the State of Delaware.  Each of the parties hereby irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts for itself and with respect to its property, generally and unconditionally, with regard to any such action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.  Each of the parties agrees not to commence any action, suit or proceeding relating thereto except in the courts described above in Delaware, other than actions in any court of competent jurisdiction to enforce any judgment, decree or award rendered by any such court in Delaware.  Each of the parties further agrees that notice as provided herein shall constitute sufficient service of process and the parties further waive any argument that such service is insufficient.  Each of the parties hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, and agrees not to assert, by way of motion or as a defense, counterclaim or otherwise, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby (a) any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of the courts in Delaware as described herein for any reason, (b) that it or its property is exempt or immune from jurisdiction of any such court or from any legal process commenced in such courts (whether through service of notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution of judgment, execution of judgment or otherwise) and (c) that (i) the suit, action or proceeding in any such court is brought in an inconvenient forum, (ii) the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper or (iii) this Agreement, or the subject matter hereof, may not be enforced in or by such courts.
 
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SECTION 8.9       Assignment; Successors.  Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations under this Agreement may be assigned or delegated, in whole or in part, by operation of law or otherwise, by any party without the prior written consent of the other parties, and any such assignment without such prior written consent shall be null and void.  Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the parties and their respective successors and assigns.
 
SECTION 8.10     Specific Performance.  The parties agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that the parties do not perform the provisions of this Agreement in accordance with its terms or otherwise breach such provisions.  Accordingly, the parties acknowledge and agree that (other than with respect to the breach of Sections 5.3 or 5.4(l) by Parent, for which liquidated damages are the sole and exclusive remedy of the Company and SpinCo as provided in Section 7.4) each party shall be entitled to an injunction, specific performance and other equitable relief to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof in the courts described in Section 8.8, this being in addition to any other remedy to which such party is entitled at law or in equity.  Each of the parties hereby further waives (a) any defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate and (b) any requirement under any Law to post security as a prerequisite to obtaining equitable relief.
 
SECTION 8.11    Severability.  If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as either the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party or such party waives its rights under this Section with respect thereto.  Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in an acceptable manner to the end that the transactions contemplated hereby are fulfilled to the extent possible.
 
SECTION 8.12     Waiver of Jury Trial.  EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.
 
SECTION 8.13    Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same instrument and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other party.  Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic image scan transmission shall be effective as delivery of an original counterpart hereof.
 
[The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank; signature page follows.]
 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP.,
 
 
By:
/s/ Christopher Crupi
 
 
Name:    Christopher Crupi
 
Title:        President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
PARAMOUNT NEVADA GOLD CORP.,
 
 
By:
/s/ Christopher Crupi
 
 
Name:      Christopher Crupi
 
Title:          President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
COEUR MINING, INC.,
 
 
By:
/s/ Mitchell J. Krebs
 
 
Name:      Mitchell J. Krebs
 
Title:         President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
HOLLYWOOD MERGER SUB, INC.,
 
 
By:
/s/ Mitchell J. Krebs
 
 
Name:        Mitchell J. Krebs
 
Title:           President
 
[Signature Page to Merger Agreement]
 

Exhibit A to Merger Agreement

Form of Promissory Note

Exhibit B to Merger Agreement

Form of Separation Agreement
 

Exhibit C to Merger Agreement

Form of Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation
 


Exhibit D to Merger Agreement

Form of Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation
 
 




Exhibit 3.1

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO THE RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP.

At a special meeting of the board of directors (the “Board”) of Paramount Gold and Silver Corp. (the “Company”) held on December 15, 2014, the Restated Bylaws of the Company were amended by unanimous vote of the Board to insert a new Article 7, to read as follows:

7.
FORUM SELECTION

7.1            Forum Selection.  Unless the corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim for breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation to the corporation or the corporation's stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate of incorporation or the by-laws of the corporation or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case subject to said Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein.
 
 

 



Exhibit 10.1
 
PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP.

(“Parent”)
 
and
 
PARAMOUNT GOLD DE MEXICO S.A. DE C.V.

(“Paramount Mexico”)
 
and
 
MINERA GAMA S.A. DE C.V.

(Minera Gama”)
 
and
 
COEUR MEXICANA S.A. DE C.V.

(“Holder”)


 
ROYALTY AGREEMENT

December 16, 2014
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
Article 1 DEFINITIONS
2
1.1
Defined Terms.
2
1.2
Rules of Interpretation.
5
Article 2 TERM
6
2.1
Term.
6
Article 3 ROYALTY
6
3.1
Grant of Royalty.
6
3.2
In-Kind Credit or Cash Payment.
7
3.3
Time and Manner.
8
3.4
Payment Accounting; Late Charges.
9
3.5
Hedging Transactions: Futures; Options; and, Other Trading.
10
3.6
Commingling.
10
3.7
Conduct of Operations.
11
3.8
Real Property Interest and Registration.
11
3.9
Tax and Additional Amounts
12
Article 4 Purchase Price and USE OF proceeds
13
4.1
Purchase Price.
13
4.2
Use of Proceeds.
13
Article 5 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
13
5.1
Representations and Warranties of Owners and Parent.
13
5.2
Representations and Warranties of Holder.
13
5.3
Survival of the Representations and Warranties.
13
Article 6 CONDITIONS TO CLOSING
14
6.1
Deliveries by the Owners.
14
6.2
Deliveries by Holder.
15
Article 7 covenants of parent and ownerS
15
7.1
Covenants of Parent and Owners.
15
Article 8 INDEMNIFICATION
16
8.1
Indemnity of Owners.
16
8.2
Indemnity of Holder.
16
8.3
Notice of and Defence of Third Party Claims.
16
8.4
Limitations.
17
8.5
No Duplication.
18
Article 9 BOOKS; RECORDS; CONFIDENTIALITY
18
9.1
Books and Records.
18
9.2
Reports.
18
9.3
Inspections.
19
9.4
Investor Tours; Use of Public Information; Securities Laws Compliance.
19
9.5
Confidentiality.
20
 
i

Article 10 COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS; RECLAMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL OBLIGATIONS, AND INDEMNITIES.
21
10.1
Compliance with Laws.
21
10.2
Reclamation, Environmental Obligations, and Indemnities.
21
Article 11 STOCKPILING.
22
11.1
Stockpiling.
22
Article 12 TAILINGS AND RESIDUES.
22
12.1
Tailings and Residues.
22
Article 13 TITLE MAINTENANCE AND TAXES; INSURANCE; ABANDONMENT.
22
13.1
Title Maintenance and Taxes.
22
13.2
Insurance.
23
13.3
Abandonment.
23
Article 14 RIGHT OF FIRST offer
23
14.1
Right of First Offer.
23
Article 15 Guarantee
24
15.1
Guarantee
24
Article 16 DISPUTE RESOLUTION.
25
16.1
Matters to be Arbitrated.
25
16.2
Procedure for Arbitration
25
16.3
Continuing Obligations.
25
Article 17 GENERAL PROVISIONS.
26
17.1
Additional Documents.
26
17.2
Assignment.
26
17.3
No Implied Covenants.
26
17.4
No Partnership.
26
17.5
No Fiduciary Obligations.
27
17.6
Governing Law.
27
17.7
Waiver.
27
17.8
Notices.
27
17.9
Entire Agreement.
28
17.10
Further Assurances.
28
17.11
Counterparts.
29
17.12
Severability.
29
 
SCHEDULE A  MINERAL PROPERTY
SCHEDULE B  REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE OWNERS AND PARENT
SCHEDULE C  REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF HOLDER
SCHEDULE D  PERMITTED ENCUMBRANCES
SCHEDULE E  USE OF PROCEEDS
 
ii

ROYALTY AGREEMENT

THIS ROYALTY AGREEMENT dated as of December 16, 2014.

B E T W E E N:

PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP.

(the “Parent”)

- and -

PARAMOUNT GOLD DE MEXICO S.A. DE C.V.

(“Paramount Mexico”)

- and -

MINERA GAMA S.A. DE C.V.

(“Minera Gama”)

- and -

COEUR MEXICANA S.A. DE C.V.

(the “Holder”)

WHEREAS:

A. Paramount Mexico and Minera Gama (collectively, the “Owners”) are the owners of the Mineral Property (defined herein) known as the San Miguel Project;

B. The Mineral Property is free and clear of any and all liens, charges, security interests, claims, mortgages and other encumbrances, save and except for the permitted encumbrances which are set forth in Schedule D attached hereto and forming a part hereof;

C. The Owners seek to grant to Holder a certain net smelter returns royalty, all on and subject to the terms and conditions herein contained;

D. Parent beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, all of the issued and outstanding voting securities and participating securities of the Owners and is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement to provide a guarantee to and in favour of Holder with respect to the covenants, obligations and indemnifications of the Owners as herein provided.

NOW THEREFORE in consideration of the respective covenants and agreements herein contained and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged by each Party, the Parties agree as follows:
 

ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS

1.1 Defined Terms.

Affiliate” of a Person means any other Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person.  The term “control” (including the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise;

Agreement” means this royalty agreement and all attached schedules, in each case as the same may be amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented, modified or superseded from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof;

Applicable Law” or “Law” in respect of any person, property, transaction or event, means all laws, by-laws, statutes, codes, ordinances, regulations, treaties, judgements, notices, approvals, orders, decrees and applicable to that person, property, transaction or event and, in each case having the force of law, all applicable official directives, rules protocols, consents, approvals, authorizations, guidelines, orders and policies of any Governmental Body having or purporting to have authority over that person, property, transaction or event;

Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday or Sunday or a day that is a statutory holiday under the laws of Mexico, the United States or Canada;

Change of Control” means Parent ceasing to beneficially own, directly or indirectly, all of the issued and outstanding voting securities and participating securities of either Owner;

Claim” means any claim of any nature whatsoever, including any demand, liability, obligation, debt, cause of action, suit, proceeding, judgment, award, assessment, reassessment or notice of determination of loss;

Effective Date” means the date hereof;

Encumbrance” means any mortgage, hypothec, pledge, assignment, charge, lien, claim, security interest, adverse interest, other Third Party interest or encumbrance of any kind, whether contingent or absolute, and any agreement, option, right or privilege (whether by law, contract or otherwise) capable of becoming any of the foregoing;

Existing Royalties” means the existing royalties granted in respect of the Mineral Property as set out in Schedule “A”;

Governmental Body” means any national, state, regional, municipal or local government, governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency, authority or instrumentality, or any person entitled under Applicable Law to exercise executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to any of the foregoing entities, including all tribunals, commissions, boards, bureaus, arbitrators and arbitration panels, and any authority or other person controlled by any of the foregoing;
 
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Holder” means Coeur Mexicana S.A. de C.V. and includes all of Holder’s successors-in-interest;

Losses” means all damages, claims, losses, liabilities, fines, penalties and expenses (including all expenses of legal counsel and other advisors);

Minera Gama” means Minera Gama S.A. de C.V. and includes all of Minera Gama’s successors-in-interest, including, inter alia, assignees, partners, joint venture partners, lessees and, when applicable, mortgagees;

Mineral Property” means the properties collectively and commonly known as San Miguel, including all mineral concessions, mineral leases and other mining rights, concessions and interests listed in Schedule A, whether created privately or by the action of any Governmental Body, and includes any term extension, administrative correction, renewal, replacement, conversion or substitution of any such mineral concessions, mineral leases, and other mining rights, owned or in respect of which an interest is held, directly or indirectly, by Owners, Parent, or their respective Affiliates, including their respective successors and/or assigns at any time during the Term, whether or not such ownership or interest is held continuously, and the Mineral Property is depicted in the map included in Schedule “A”;

Minerals” means all marketable naturally occurring metallic and non-metallic minerals or mineral bearing material in whatever form or state, including without limitation, any precious metal, any base metal, natural gas, petroleum, coal, diamonds, salt and rock, sand, gravel or aggregate, that is mined, extracted, removed, produced or otherwise recovered from the Mineral Property (other than any rock, sand, gravel or aggregate used in connection with the conduct of operations by Owners), whether in the form of ore, doré, concentrates, refined metals or any other beneficiated or derivative products thereof and including any such minerals or mineral bearing materials or products derived from any processing or reprocessing of any tailings, waste rock or other waste products originally derived from the Mineral Property;

Net Smelter Returns” has the meaning set out in Section 3.1(2)

NI 43-101” means National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects;

Offtaker” means the counterparty to any Offtake Agreement;

Offtake Agreement” means any refining, smelting, brokering, marketing and/or processing agreement entered into with respect to Minerals produced from the Mineral Property;

Owners” means, collectively, Paramount Mexico and Minera Gama, and “Owner” means any one of them;

Paramount Mexico” means Paramount Gold de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. and includes all of Paramount Mexico’s successors-in-interest, including, inter alia, assignees, partners, joint venture partners, lessees and, when applicable, mortgagees;

Parent” means Paramount Gold and Silver Corp. and includes all of Parent’s successors-in-interest, including, inter alia, assignees, partners, joint venture partners, lessees and, when applicable, mortgagees;
 

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Party” or “Parties” means one or more of the persons or entities who or which are a party to this Agreement;

Permitted Encumbrances” means any Encumbrance in respect of the Mineral Property constituted by one of the matters listed in Schedule D;

Perpetual” means the duration of the concessions (concesiones mineras) and any other rights related to the Mineral Property and/or any subsequently issued concessions which substitute, extend, amend and/or otherwise restate, revise, alter or modify the mineral rights related to the concessions issued in connection with the Mineral Property;

Prime Rate means at any particular time, the annual rate of interest announced from time to time by the Bank of Canada, as a reference rate then in effect for determining floating rates of interest on Canadian dollar loans made in Canada;

Processor” means, collectively, any mill, smelter, refinery or other processor of the Minerals that processes any Minerals to the final product stage before sale or other disposition by an Owner;

Production” means either (i) the quantity of refined gold, silver, lead or zinc that is outturned to an Owner’s account by a Processor during a calendar month, or (ii) the recoverable and saleable quantity of gold, silver, lead or zinc contained in Minerals derived from operating the Mineral Property as a mine to which has been applied the least number of treatments or processes necessary to render the Minerals into a substance or state for which there is a commercially significant market of arm’s length sales or purchases between unrelated parties;

Products” means all gold, silver, lead and zinc bearing ores mined, executed, extracted, recovered in soluble solution or otherwise recovered or produced from the Minerals and all concentrates and other mineral products, metals or minerals which are derived therefrom, whether on or off the Mineral Property, and includes for greater certainty all Production;

Quarterly Production” means the gross amount of Products contained in the Production from the Mineral Property which were delivered and paid for (including any provisional payment) by a Processor or Offtaker during the preceding calendar quarter;

Royalty” means the royalty described in Article 3 of this Agreement, together with all other rights of Holder in this Agreement;

Royalty Purchase Price” has the meaning ascribed to that term in Section 4.1;

Sale” means the transfer of title to Minerals by or on behalf of an Owner or any Affiliate of such Owner to an arm’s length Person and is deemed to include a deemed transfer of title to Minerals transported off the Mineral Property that such Owner elects to have credited to or held for their account by a smelter, refiner or broker, and is also deemed to include any Loss prior to any transfer or deemed transfer of title to Minerals and “Sold” means subject to a Sale;

Spot Price” on any given date means:

(a)
in the case of Minerals that are gold, the price of gold in U.S. dollars on the London Metal Exchange afternoon fix on such date;
 
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(b) in the case of Minerals that are silver, the price of silver in U.S. dollars determined using the Handy & Harman quoted price of silver on such day as reported in the Wall Street Journal; and

(c) in the case of all other Minerals, the price per unit in U.S. dollars for the relevant Minerals as quoted on the London Metal Exchange.

If for any reason the Wall Street Journal or the London Metal Exchange are no longer in operation, the “Spot Price” of such Minerals shall be determined by reference to the price of such Minerals on another commercial exchange mutually acceptable to the parties hereto. The exchange rate used to convert a “Spot Price” for Minerals from U.S. dollars to any other currency on a particular date shall be determined on the basis of the Bank of Canada noon exchange rate for U.S. dollars on such day;

Third Party” means any Person other than a Party or an Affiliate of a Party; and

Third Party Claim” means any Claim asserted by a Third Party against Paramount Mexico, Minera Gama or Parent.

1.2 Rules of Interpretation.

In this Agreement, unless there is something in the subject matter or context inconsistent therewith:

(1) All references to a designated “Article”, “Section” or other subdivision or to a Schedule are to the designated Article, Section, or other subdivision of, or Schedule to, this Agreement.

(2) The terms “Agreement”, “this Agreement”, “herein”, “hereof”, “hereunder” and similar expressions refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision, Exhibit or Schedule.

(3) The provision of a table of contents, the division of this Agreement into Articles, Sections and other subdivisions and the insertion of headings are for convenient reference only and do not affect the construction or interpretation of this Agreement.

(4) Unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to gender includes all genders, and words importing the singular number only include the plural and vice versa.

(5) The word “or” is not exclusive.  The words “including”, “includes” and “include” means “including without limitation”.

(6) All references to dollars or to “$” are expressed in United States currency unless otherwise specifically indicated.

(7) In the event of and to the extent only of any conflict between the Sections of this Agreement and the Schedules, the Schedules will prevail over the Sections.

(8) The language used in this Agreement is the language chosen by the Parties to express their mutual intent, and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against any Party.
 
- 5 -

(9) Unless otherwise stated, all accounting terms used in this Agreement shall have the meanings attributable thereto under generally accepted accounting principles applicable to such entity at the relevant time, in effect from time to time (which may be International Financial Reporting Standards), consistently applied, and all determinations of an accounting nature required to be made shall be made in a manner consistent with such applicable generally accepted accounting principles.

(10) A reference to a statute includes all regulations made pursuant to and rules promulgated under such statute and, unless otherwise specified, any reference to a statute or regulation includes the provisions of any statute or regulation which amends, supplements or supersedes any such statute or any such regulation from time to time.

(11) Time is of the essence in the performance of the Parties’ respective obligations under this Agreement.

(12) In this Agreement a period of days shall be deemed to begin on the first day after the event which began the period and to end at 5:00 p.m. (Chicago time) on the last day of the period.  If, however, the last day of the period does not fall on a Business Day, the period shall terminate at 5:00 p.m. (Chicago time) on the next Business Day.

ARTICLE 2
TERM

2.1 Term.

The term of this Agreement shall be Perpetual, it being the intent of the Parties hereto that, to the extent allowed by law, this Agreement and the Royalty created hereby constitute grant of a vested interest in and to the Mineral Property and a covenant running with the land and all successions thereof whether created privately or through governmental action.

ARTICLE 3
ROYALTY

3.1 Grant of Royalty.

(1) In consideration of the Royalty Purchase Price, the Owners shall pay to Holder a Perpetual royalty privileged and preferential in payment to (i) any other royalty, or other rights which may be assimilated to a royalty other than the Existing Royalties or royalties payable to Governmental Bodies, or (ii) any other contractual rights granted in respect of, or related to, the Mineral Property granted by an Owner or Parent to any Third Party in the aggregate amount of 0.7% of Net Smelter Returns from the sale or other disposition of Products produced from the Mineral Property determined in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section and, if applicable, Article 12.

(2) Net Smelter Returns shall be determined by multiplying (i) the Quarterly Production by (ii) the average Spot Price during the relevant time period, less the following expenses only:
 
- 6 -

(a) direct charges in respect of smelting and refining (including handling, processing, interest, settlement fees, sampling, assaying and representation costs, umpire charges, weighing, loading, unloading, stockpiling and storage) and treatment charges and penalties at the smelter or refinery, including metal losses and penalties for impurities;

(b) actual and direct costs of transportation (including freight, insurance, security, transaction charges, handling, port demurrage, delay and forwarding expenses incurred by reason of or in the course of such transportation) of ore, doré or concentrates from the mine site or other final processing plant to the place of sale; and

(c) all taxes, including all sales, use, severance, net proceeds of mining and ad valorem taxes, government royalties and any other tax or governmental levy or fee based directly on or assessed against the value or quantity of Products produced from the Mineral Property but excluding any and all taxes based upon the net or gross income or outstanding capital of the Owners or other operator of the Mineral Property, the value of the Mineral Property or the privilege of doing business and other taxes assessed on a similar basis (including, without limitation, any export taxes and withholding taxes, as further described in Section 3.9).

(3) In the event the refining of ore, doré or concentrates is carried out in facilities owned or controlled, in whole or in part, by an Owner, then charges and costs for such refining shall mean the amount such Owner would have incurred and would be deductible under this Agreement if such refining were carried out at facilities not owned or controlled by such Owner then offering comparable refining services for comparable products on prevailing market terms, but in no event greater than actual costs incurred by the Owner with respect to such refining.

(4) In the event an Owner or any Affiliate of either Owner or Parent receives insurance proceeds for any Products that are lost or damaged, such Owner shall pay (or Parent will cause to be paid) to Holder an amount equal to the gross insurance proceeds which are received by such Person for such products that were lost or damaged multiplied by the Royalty rate.

(5) All Royalty payments shall be made without deduction or set off for costs of production, smelting, milling, processing, transportation or other expenses whatsoever, except as specifically provided in this Agreement.

(6) Any royalty or similar interest in or to the Mineral Property, or in and to any Minerals, granted by either Owner after the date hereof, shall contain a term to the effect that no payment thereof, in cash or product in kind, shall be made until the Royalty hereunder has been paid in full for the relevant time period.

3.2 In-Kind Credit or Cash Payment.

(1) In respect of the Royalty, Holder shall receive the Royalty, at Holder’s election:

(a) as an in-kind credit in the form of physical Products from the Processor credited directly to Holder’s account maintained with the Processor as directed by Holder; or
 
- 7 -

(b) upon giving the required notice pursuant to Section 3.2(3) below to the Owners, as a cash payment by bank wire transfer or delivery of a cheque or draft payable by the Owners to Holder’s account with a bank to be designated in writing by Holder.

(2) Where Holder is receiving the Royalty as an in-kind credit in the form of physical Product, the Royalty will not reflect the costs deductible in calculating Net Smelter Returns under this Agreement and therefore, subject to delivery of in-kind credits by the Processor pursuant to Section 3.3 below, within 30 days of receipt of statements respecting charges permitted under this Agreement, Holder shall remit a cash payment of an amount equal to its proportionate share of deductible costs permitted under this Agreement to the Processor.

(3) In the event Holder wishes to receive the Royalty as a cash payment for a particular calendar quarter, Holder shall provide the Owners with written notice thereof not less than three months prior to such payment date.

(4) The parties further agree that all Royalty payments due to Holder are the property of Holder at the time of production and are held by the Owners in trust for Holder until paid to Holder.

3.3 Time and Manner.

(1) In-Kind Credits.  For in-kind credits, the Processor shall credit the Royalty in accordance with written instructions given to the Processor by Holder as provided in Section 3.2(1)(a) on or before the last Business Day of the month immediately following the end of each calendar quarter during the term of this Agreement.  Once the Processor has received instructions from Holder, such instructions shall remain in effect until the Processor has received different instructions from Holder.  All contractual or other arrangements entered into by an Owner with the Processor shall contain provisions implementing the terms and conditions of payment set forth in Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 hereof and such Owner shall procure the written undertaking of the Processor contractually binding the Processor to perform in accordance with Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 in form and substance enforceable by Holder. The Owners acknowledge their primary obligation to pay the Royalty and that no undertaking by the Processor shall relieve the Owners of that obligation.  Subject to Section 8.3, the Owners agree to jointly and severally indemnify, protect and defend Holder from and against (a) any Loss due to a decrease in the Spot Price arising from the Owners’ failure to deliver in-kind credits within the time periods provided by this Agreement for the period from the original due date to the date of delivery of said in-kind credits, and (b) other Losses arising from the default or failure of performance by the Processor hereunder or under any contractual or other arrangements entered into by either Owner with the Processor pursuant to or for the purposes of complying with Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 hereof.  All costs charged by the Processor as a result of complying with the payment provisions of Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 shall be paid by Holder, and neither Owner shall have any liability or responsibility therefor.
 
- 8 -

(2) Cash Payments.  For cash payments, the Owners shall pay the Royalty in cash in accordance with written instructions given to the Owners by Holder as provided in Section 3.2(1)(b), on or before the last Business Day of the month immediately following the end of each calendar quarter during the term of this Agreement.  Holder may, from time to time in its discretion, change the bank or account number for payment under Section 3.2(1)(b) by giving written notice thereof to the Owners.

3.4 Payment Accounting; Late Charges.

(1) All in-kind credits or cash payments of the Royalty shall be accompanied by a detailed statement explaining the manner in which the credit/payment was calculated together with any available settlement sheets from the Processor.  Such detailed statement shall include the following information:

(a) the quantities of Products sold or otherwise disposed of by an Owner or the amount of such Products derived by, or credited to the account of, an Owner, as the case may be;

(b) the quantities of Products to which such Royalty payment is applicable;

(c) the calculation of the applicable Net Smelter Returns;

(d) the Spot Price for Products;

(e) deductions, if any, by any Processor;

(f) invoices for all other costs applied to the Royalty;

(g) measurements from any commingling of Minerals; and

(h) the calculation of interest accrued on such Royalty payment, if any.

(2) Within 30 days after December 31 of each year, the Owners shall prepare and deliver to Holder a statement for such four quarter period indicating:

(a) the quantities of Products sold or otherwise disposed of by the Owners or the amount of Products derived by, or credit to the account of, the Owners, as the case may be;

(b) the quantities of Products produced by the Owners from the Mineral Property;

(c) the calculation of Net Smelter Returns;

(d) the Spot Price for the Products;

(e) deductions, if any, by the Processor;

(f) invoices for all other costs applied to the Royalty;

(g) measurements from any commingling of Minerals; and

(h) the calculation of interest accrued on any Royalty payments, if any.
 
- 9 -

In the event the credit/payment of any Royalty is not made within the time set forth above, then the Owners shall pay interest on the delinquent credit/payment at the rate of interest equal to Prime Rate plus six percent per annum which shall accrue from the day the delinquent credit/payment was due to the date of credit/payment of the Royalty, late charge and accrued interest.  Such credits/payments and statements shall be deemed conclusively correct unless Holder objects to them in writing within 12 months after receipt thereof.  If Holder objects to a particular in-kind credit, cash payment or statement as herein provided, Holder will have the right, upon reasonable notice and at a reasonable time, to have the Owners’ accounts and records relating to the calculation of the Royalty in question audited by an independent chartered or certified public accountant knowledgeable in the mining industry selected by Holder, provided such auditor acknowledges in writing the confidentiality provisions set out in Section 9.5.  If such audit determines that there has been a deficiency or an excess in the in-kind credit or cash payment made to Holder, such deficiency or excess will be resolved by adjusting the next quarterly in-kind credit or cash payment due hereunder.  If production has ceased, settlement will be made between the Parties by cash payment.  Holder will pay all costs of such audit unless a deficiency of five percent (5%) or more of the amount due to Holder is determined to exist.  The Owners will pay the costs of such audit if a deficiency of five percent (5%) or more of the amount due is determined to exist.

3.5 Hedging Transactions: Futures; Options; and, Other Trading.

All profits and losses resulting from the Owners engaging in any commodity futures trading, option trading, or metals trading, or any combination thereof, and any other hedging transactions (collectively “hedging transactions”), all of which Holder acknowledges and agrees that Owners are fully entitled to engage in, are specifically excluded from Royalty calculations pursuant to this Agreement.  All hedging transactions by the Owners and all profits or losses associated therewith, if any, shall be solely for Owners’ account.

3.6 Commingling.

Minerals produced from the Mineral Property may not be commingled with minerals from other properties unless Holder shall not be disadvantaged as a result of such commingling or the parties have entered into an agreement to compensate Holder for any such disadvantage.  Before any Minerals produced from the Mineral Property are commingled with minerals from other properties, the Minerals produced from the Mineral Property shall be measured and sampled in accordance with sound mining and metallurgical practices for moisture, metal, commercial minerals and other appropriate content.  Representative samples of the Minerals shall be retained by the Owners and assays (including moisture and penalty substances) and other appropriate analyses of these samples shall be made before commingling to determine metal, commercial minerals, other appropriate content and penalty substances, and gross metal or mineral content of the Minerals.  Detailed records shall be kept by the Owners showing measures, moisture, assays of metal, commercial minerals, other appropriate content and penalty substances, and gross metal or mineral content of the Minerals.  In connection with the foregoing in this Section 3.6, the Owners and Holder shall agree upon a sampling protocol prior to any commingling occurring.  The Owners agree to revisit the sampling protocol if Holder determines that circumstances have changed in order to ensure that the sampling protocol continues to provide for the accurate measurement and sampling of Minerals produced from the Mineral Property.  From this information, the Owners shall determine the amount of Royalty due and payable to Holder from Minerals produced from the Mineral Property commingled with minerals from other properties.
 
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3.7 Conduct of Operations.

(1) All decisions concerning methods, the extent, times, procedures and techniques of any (i) exploration, development and mining related to the Mineral Property, (ii) leaching, milling, processing or extraction treatment and (iii) materials to be introduced on or to the Mineral Property or produced therefrom and all decisions concerning the sale of disposition of ore and Products from the Mineral Property, shall be made by the Owners, acting reasonably and in accordance with good mining industry and engineering practices in the circumstances.

(2) The Owners shall not be responsible for nor obliged to make any Royalty payments for Products or Products value lost in any mining or processing of the Products conducted in accordance with good mining practices. The Owners shall not be required to mine Products which under good mining industry practices cannot be mined and sold at a reasonable profit by the Owners at the time mined.

3.8 Real Property Interest and Registration.

(1) It is the express intention of the Parties to this Agreement that the Royalty is an interest in and to real property, shall run with the title in and to the Mineral Property and be binding upon the successors in interest or title to the Mineral Property. The Royalty shall attach to any amendments, relocations or conversions of any mining concession, license, lease, permit, patent or other tenure comprising the Mineral Property, or to any renewals or extensions thereof.  The Owners shall (i) cause the due registration of this Agreement and the Royalty, or notice of this Agreement and the Royalty, against the title to the Mineral Property to ensure that any successor or assignee or other acquirer of the Mineral Property, or any interest therein, shall have public notice of the terms of this Agreement and the Royalty and in order that Holder may cause to be registered a restriction on title to the Mineral Property restricting the sale, lease, transfer, charge or transfer of charge of the Mineral Property, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Holder pursuant to, and in accordance with, Section 17.2 of this Agreement, and (ii) cause any mining concession, license, lease, permit, patent or other tenure comprising the Mineral Property in which the Owners or Parent have or acquires an interest in to be registered in the name of an Owner as soon as reasonably practical.

(2) With respect to the Mineral Property, Holder shall have only the rights and incidents of ownership of a non-executive royalty owner.  Holder shall not have any possessory or working interest in the Mineral Property nor any of the incidents of such interest.  By way of example but not by way of limitation, Holder shall not have (a) the right to participate in the execution of applications for authorities, permits or licenses, mining leases, options, farm-outs or other conveyances, except as deemed necessary by Holder to perfect or protect the Royalty, (b) the right to share in bonus payments or rental payments received as the consideration for the execution of such leases, options, farm-outs, or other conveyances, or (c) the right to enter upon the Mineral Property and prospect for, mine, drill for, or remove ores, minerals or mineral products therefrom except as provided in this Agreement.
 
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3.9 Tax and Additional Amounts

(1) All sums payable to or for the benefit of Holder hereunder shall be paid free and clear of, and without any deduction or withholding on account of, any tax, except to the extent required by Applicable Law.

(2) If Parent makes a payment contemplated under this Royalty (including any payments made in kind) and is required by law to make any deduction or withholding on account of any Tax (i) Parent shall notify Holder of any such requirement or any change in any such requirement as soon as it becomes aware of it; (ii) Parent shall pay, or cause to be paid, any such Tax before the date on which penalties attach thereto; (iii) the amount payable by Parent in respect of which the relevant deduction, withholding or payment is required shall be increased by such amounts (“Additional Amounts”) to the extent necessary to ensure that, after the making of the deduction, withholding or payment for any Tax, Holder receives on the due date a net amount equal to what it would have received had no such deduction, withholding or payment for any Tax been required or made; and (iv) within thirty days after the due date of payment of any Tax which it is required by clause (ii) above to pay, Parent shall deliver to Holder evidence satisfactory to Holder of such deduction, withholding or payment and of the remittance thereof to the relevant Governmental Body.

(3) The Owners and Parent shall indemnify Holder for the full amount of any Tax arising in connection with payments made under this Royalty paid by Holder and for any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not any such Tax was correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Body.  A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Owners or Parent shall be conclusive absent manifest error.  Such payment shall be due within thirty (30) days of receipt of such certificate by the Owners or Parent.

(4) If Taxes are required to be withheld or deducted from any payment made hereunder pursuant to applicable law or by the interpretation or administration thereof and Parent as the case may be, is required to pay Additional Amounts to Holder pursuant to this Section 3.9, then Holder shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with Parent in taking any action to dispute, object to or appeal the liability of Holder for Tax or in claiming a refund of amounts remitted as Taxes (or any objection or appeal in connection therewith) (collectively, “Tax Proceedings”).

Without limiting the generality of the foregoing:

(a) Holder agrees that Parent shall, at its own expense, have the right to initiate and conduct and have carriage and control of the Tax Proceedings and where necessary for the purposes of applicable law in the name of, and on behalf of, Holder;

(b) Holder shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to do all acts and sign all documents that may be necessary in order to initiate or conduct the Tax Proceedings where such Tax Proceedings need to be initiated or conducted in the name of, or on behalf of, Holder; and
 
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(c) if Holder receives a refund of any amount with respect to Tax (including interest on such refund, if any) for which Parent grossed up Holder, Holder shall forthwith pay the amount of any such refund (including interest, net of taxes thereon, on such refund, if any), to such extent, to Parent and hereby assigns the right to any such refund, to such extent, to Parent.

For certainty, Holder shall provide any information regarding itself to Parent as may be reasonably necessary to permit Parent to comply with its withholding obligations and reasonably required to advance any Tax Proceedings. Parent shall not disclose any information provided herein without the express written consent of Holder, and shall not use any information provided under this Section 3.9(4) for any purpose other than in connection with the Tax Proceedings.

ARTICLE 4
PURCHASE PRICE AND USE OF PROCEEDS

4.1 Purchase Price.

In consideration of the granting of the Royalty to Holder, Holder shall pay, provided the deliveries set out in Section 6.1 have been made to Holder, $5,250,000 to the Owners on the Effective Date provided that each of the conditions precedent set out in Section 6.1 (the “Royalty Purchase Price”) have been satisfied, and otherwise on the date that is two Business Days following such satisfaction.

4.2 Use of Proceeds.

The Owners and Parent shall use the Royalty Purchase Price for the purposes set forth in Schedule E hereto.

ARTICLE 5
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

5.1 Representations and Warranties of Owners and Parent.

The Owners and Parent hereby, jointly and severally, represent and warrant to and in favour of Holder, as of the Effective Date, those statements set out in Schedule B hereto.

5.2 Representations and Warranties of Holder.

Holder hereby represents and warrants to and in favour of the Owners and Parent, as of the Effective Date, those statements set out in Schedule C hereto.

5.3 Survival of the Representations and Warranties.

(1) The representations and warranties of the Parties set forth in this Agreement shall survive the completion of the transactions herein provided for and shall continue for the benefit of either Party for a period of two years from the Effective Date notwithstanding such completion and any inspections or inquiries made by or on behalf of such Party.
 
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(2) For greater certainty, the expiry of the survival period applicable to a representation or warranty shall be without prejudice to any claim for indemnification based on any inaccuracy or misrepresentation in such representation or warranty made prior to such expiry pursuant to this Agreement.

ARTICLE 6
CONDITIONS TO CLOSING

6.1 Deliveries by the Owners.

On the Effective Date, the Owners and Parent shall deliver to Holder the following each in a form and substance satisfactory to Holder, acting reasonably:

(a) such instruments of sale, transfer, conveyance, assignment or delivery, in registrable form or otherwise, in respect of the Royalty, as Holder may reasonably require to assure the full and effective creation, sale, grant, and delivery of the Royalty to Holder, as contemplated in this Agreement;

(b) an officer’s certificate dated as of the Effective Date, of each Owner and Parent as to: (i) its constating documents; (ii) a resolution of the board of directors of each Owner and Parent authorizing the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby; and (iii) incumbency signatures of the signatories of each Owner and Parent executing this Agreement;

(c) a certificate of an officer of each Owner and Parent dated as of the Effective Date certifying for and on behalf of such Owner and Parent and not in the officer’s personal capacity that, to the knowledge of the person signing such certificate, after having made due and relevant inquiry:

(i) no order or judgment of any court or any Governmental Body shall have been issued or made and no legal or regulatory requirement shall remain to be satisfied, in either case which has the effect of making void, unlawful or otherwise prohibiting the creation, grant or delivery of the Royalty, or any portion thereof as contemplated herein;

(ii) all governmental approvals with respect to approval by any Governmental Body of creation, grant and delivery of the Royalty have been obtained; and

(iii) no action or proceeding is pending or threatened by any person to enjoin, restrict or prohibit the creation, grant and delivery of the Royalty; and

(d) opinions of the Owners’ and Parent’s counsel as to due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Royalty and confirming the enforceability of this Agreement and due registration of the Royalty.
 
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6.2 Deliveries by Holder.

On the Effective Date, Holder shall deliver to Paramount Mexico, on behalf of and as directed by the Owners, the following, dated as of the Effective Date, each in a form and substance satisfactory to the Owners, acting reasonably:

(a) cheques, bank drafts or confirmations of wire transfer for the Royalty Purchase Price payable to Paramount Mexico or as directed by Paramount Mexico; and

(b) such other instruments or documents, in registrable form or otherwise, in respect of the Royalty, as the Owners may reasonably require to assure the completion of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, as contemplated by this Agreement.

ARTICLE 7
COVENANTS OF PARENT AND OWNERS

7.1 Covenants of Parent and Owners.

(1) The Owners and Parent shall deliver or caused to be delivered to Holder as soon as it is available, and in any event within 30 days after the Effective Date, a notarized copy of the grant of irrevocable powers of attorney by the Owners to Holder for the registration of the Royalty or any other agreement contemplated in Section 6.1 and 7.1(2), in form and substance acceptable to Holder.

(2) The Owners and Parent shall, within 30 days after the Effective Date, execute before a civil or commercial notary, the Spanish version of this Agreement or a short-form Royalty agreement replicating the terms and conditions of this Agreement, in either case which is to be prepared by Holder, at its cost, for execution.

(3) Parent and the Owners, jointly and severally, covenant and agree to do all such acts and things and to not omit to do any acts or things as shall be necessary in order to: (i) maintain the mining concessions (concesiones mineras) and any other rights related to the Mineral Property in full force and effect pursuant to the term thereof and to not make any material amendments thereto without the prior written consent of Holder, and (ii) make all payments (Pagos de Derechos) and expenditures (Obras y Trabajos) as such shall become due pursuant to the mining concessions (concesiones mineras) and any other rights related to the Mineral Property.  This covenant shall not merge on the execution and delivery of this Agreement.  Any breach of this covenant shall be a breach of this Agreement.  Holder expressly acknowledges that on September 2, 2013, Parent and the Owners applied to (i) reduce the number of hectares comprising concesiones mineras Témoris (T-232081) and Andrea (T-231075) and (ii) subsequently subdivide said concesiones mineras into nine (9) and fourteen (14) new concesiones mineras, respectively, prior to the Effective Date and that any reduction or subdivision of said concesions mineras arising from these applications shall not be considered to be a breach of this covenant.
 
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(4) The Parties agree that in no event shall the Owners have any duty or obligation, express or implied, to explore for, develop, mine or produce ores, minerals or mineral substances from the Mineral Property.

ARTICLE 8
INDEMNIFICATION

8.1 Indemnity of Owners.

Subject to Section 8.3, each of the Owners and Parent shall, jointly and severally, indemnify and save harmless Holder from and against all Losses directly or indirectly suffered or incurred by Holder, resulting from:

(a) any inaccuracy or misrepresentation in any representation or warranty set forth herein or in any document or instrument delivered pursuant hereto;

(b) any breach or non-performance by an Owner of any covenant or obligation to be performed by such Owner which is contained in this Agreement or in any document or instrument delivered pursuant hereto; and

(c) operations conducted on or in respect of the Mineral Property by or on behalf of an Owner that result from or relate to the mining, handling, transportation, smelting or refining of the Minerals, including without limitation Losses, in any way arising from or connected with any non-compliance with environmental Laws.

8.2 Indemnity of Holder.

Holder shall indemnify and save harmless the Owners from and against all Losses directly or indirectly suffered by either or both of the Owners, up to a maximum of the Royalty Purchase Price, resulting from any inaccuracy or misrepresentation in any representation or warranty set forth herein or in any document or instrument delivered pursuant hereto.

8.3 Notice of and Defence of Third Party Claims.

(1) If Holder receives written notice of the commencement or assertion of any Third Party Claim in respect of which Holder believes the Owners and Parent have liability under this Agreement, Holder shall give the Owners and Parent reasonably prompt written notice thereof. To the extent reasonable and practical given the information readily available to Holder, such notice to the Owners and Parent shall describe the Third Party Claim in reasonable detail and shall indicate (without prejudice to Holder’s rights) the estimated amount of the Loss that has been or may be sustained by the Recipient in respect thereof, provided that the failure to give such notice within such time period shall not reduce Holders rights hereunder, except to the extent of any actual prejudice suffered as a result of such failure due to the loss of substantive defences.
 
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(2) The Owners and Parent shall have the right, by giving notice to that effect to Holder not later than 30 days after receipt of such notice of such Third Party Claim and subject to the rights of any insurer or other Third Party having potential liability therefor, to elect to assume the defence of any Third Party Claim at the Owners’ and Parent’s own expense and by the Owners’ and Parent’s own counsel, provided that the Owners and Parent shall not be entitled to assume the defence of any Third Party Claim: (i) alleging any criminal or quasi-criminal wrongdoing (including fraud), or (ii) which impugns the reputation of Holder; or (iii) where the Third Party making the Third Party Claim is a Governmental Body (provided that, Owner and Parent shall be entitled to participate in any proceedings described in (iii) above at their own expense).

(3) Prior to settling or compromising any Third Party Claim in respect of which the Owners and Parent have the right to assume the defence, the Owners and Parent shall obtain the consent, not to be unreasonably withheld, of Holder regarding such settlement or compromise. In addition, Holder shall be entitled to participate in (but not control) the defence of any Third Party Claim (and in so doing may retain its own counsel) at the sole cost and expense of Holder.

(4) With respect to any Third Party Claim in respect of which Holder has given notice to the Owners and Parent pursuant to this Section 8.3 and in respect of which the Owners and Parent are not entitled to assume the defence or neither has elected to do so, the Owners and Parent may participate in (but not control) such defence assisted by counsel of their own choosing at the Owners’ and Parent’s sole cost and expense.

(5) At their own cost and expense, the Owners, Parent and Holder shall use all reasonable efforts to make available to the Party which is undertaking and controlling the defence of any Third Party Claim:

(a) those employees whose assistance, testimony or presence is necessary to assist such Party in evaluating and in defending any Third Party Claim; and

(b) all documents, records and other materials in the possession of such Party reasonably required by such Party for its use in defending any Third Party Claim,

and shall otherwise co-operate with the Party defending such Third Party Claim.

(6) if the Owners and Parent elect to assume the defence of any Third Party Claim as provided in Section 8.3 and fail to take reasonable steps necessary to defend diligently such Third Party Claim within 30 days after receiving notice from Holder that Holder believes on reasonable grounds that the Owners and Parent have failed to take such steps, Holder may, at its option, elect to assume the defence of and to compromise or settle the Third Party Claim assisted by counsel of its own choosing and the Owners and Parent shall be liable for all reasonable costs and expenses paid or incurred in connection therewith.

(7) Upon making a payment in full of any Loss, the Owners and Parent shall, subject to the rights of any insurers and to the extent of such Loss, be subrogated to all rights of Holder against any Third Party in respect of the Loss to which the Loss relates.

8.4 Limitations.

For greater certainty, the indemnities provided in this Agreement are limited to obligations, Claims (including administrative claims and claims for injunctive relief), Losses, costs, legal fees and costs through all levels of appeal and causes of action which may arise or which are asserted against the Owners, Parent or Holder, as a result of the relationships and transactions contemplated herein, and will not include any indemnity in respect of any Losses incurred by the Owners, Parent or Holder in any other capacity.
 
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8.5 No Duplication.

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement, any amounts payable pursuant to the indemnification obligations under this Article 8 shall be paid without duplication, and in no event shall Holder be indemnified under different provisions of this Agreement for the same Losses.

ARTICLE 9
BOOKS; RECORDS; CONFIDENTIALITY

9.1 Books and Records.

The Owners shall keep true and accurate books and records of all of its operations and activities on the Mineral Property and under this Agreement including the mining of Minerals therefrom and the mining, stockpiling, treatment, processing, refining and transportation of Minerals, prepared in accordance with good mining industry practice, consistently applied.  Such financial books and records shall be kept on the accrual basis in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied.  Holder may, at Holder’s sole expense, give notice to Owner that Holder desires to perform an audit or other examination of all of Owner’s books and records kept as required by this Agreement.  Holder shall promptly commence any such audits and shall diligently prosecute the same to conclusion.  If any such audits reveal that the Royalty payments for any calendar year are unpaid by more than 5%, Owner shall reimburse Holder for its reasonable costs incurred in such audit.

9.2 Reports.

(1) Not later than 90 days following the end of each fiscal year, the Owners shall provide Holder with an annual report of all activities and operations conducted upon or with respect to the Mineral Property during the preceding fiscal year, including production, operating and capital costs and details of any changes to the mineral resources and reserves that occur in or on the Mineral Property.  Such annual report shall also include estimates of proposed expenditures upon, anticipated production from, and estimated remaining ore reserves on the Mineral Property for the succeeding calendar year and the most current mine plans with estimated production, operating and capital costs.

(2) The Owners shall provide Holder within 30 days of the end of each calendar quarter an estimate of the Royalty for the previous calendar quarter.
 
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9.3
Inspections.

Subject to Section 9.4, Holder, or its authorized agents or representatives, on not less than three Business Days' notice to the Owners, may enter upon all surface and subsurface portions of the Mineral Property for the purpose of inspecting the Mineral Property, all improvements thereto and related operations, as well as inspecting and copying all records and data, including such records and data which are maintained electronically, pertaining to all activities and operations on or with respect to the Mineral Property, improvements thereto and related operations.  Holder shall further have the right to, at its own expense, (i) take samples from the Mineral Property or any stockpile or from any mill or Processor for purposes of assay verifications, and (ii) weigh or to cause the Owners to weigh all trucks transporting ore from the Mineral Property to any mill processing ore from the Mineral Property prior to dumping of such ore and immediately following such dumping.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Holder shall have, at its own expense, the right to audit all invoices and other records relating to the transportation of Minerals from the Mineral Property to any Processor at which Minerals from the Property may be milled, smelted, concentrated, refined or otherwise treated or processed and relating to the transportation of Minerals in the form of concentrates, doré, slag or other waste products from any mill at which Minerals from the Mineral Property may be milled, to a Processor.  Holder, or its authorized agents or representatives, shall enter the Mineral Property at Holder’s sole risk and expense and may not hinder operations in any material respect on or pertaining to the Mineral Property. Holder shall indemnify, defend and hold the Owners harmless from any loss, liability, damage, claim or demand by reason of injury to Holder or the Owners or any of their respective employees, officers, directors, agents or representatives caused by Holder’s exercise of its rights herein.

9.4 Investor Tours; Use of Public Information; Securities Laws Compliance.

Upon no less than 15 Business Days’ notice to the Owners and not more frequently than semi-annually, Holder shall have the right to conduct an investors tour on the Mineral Property and facilities associated therewith; provided that such tours shall not unreasonably interfere with the Owners’s activities and operations.  Such investors tours shall be at the sole risk and expense of Holder and its invitees, and Holder shall (a) comply and request that its invitees comply with the policies and procedures that the Owners apply to its own invitees; (b) give the Owners prompt notice of any injuries, property damage or environmental harm that may occur during such visit; and (c) indemnify, defend and hold the Owners harmless from any loss (excluding loss of profit), liability, damage, claim or demand by reason of injury to Holder or the Owners or any of their respective invitees, employees, officers, directors, agents, or representatives caused by Holder’s exercise of its rights under this Section.  In order to comply with NI 43-101 and similar or other rules, regulations or aspects of securities laws generally applicable to Holder or its affiliates and its public disclosure obligations, Holder shall have the right of access to such data and analyses and the right to perform such inspections as it considers necessary or convenient, acting reasonably, relating to the operations on the Mineral Property or respecting the facilities, and Owners agree to cooperate fully with Holder and in a timely manner to facilitate necessary access to data and personnel to accommodate such compliance by Holder or any affiliate of Holder. In addition, if the Owners produces or causes to be produced a NI 43-101 compliant technical report (or similar report), and is so requested by Holder, the Owners shall use their reasonable commercial efforts to cause the author(s) of such report to enter into an engagement letter with Holder to provide for (i) a copy of such report to be addressed to Holder, (ii) the relevant certificates and consents of the author(s) required in connection with the filing of and reference to such report to be provided to Holder, and (iii) the authors of the report to produce such other consents in connection with the use of or reliance upon such report by Holder and its affiliates from time to time or in their public disclosure as may be required by Holder or its affiliates.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if Holder or any of its affiliates chooses or is required to produce its own NI 43-101 compliant technical report (or similar report), the Owners shall give access to Holder (or its affiliates or its or their external consultants) and permit inspections by Holder (or its affiliates or its or their external consultants) as indicated above in this Section 9.4 for the purposes of Holder (or its affiliates or its or their external consultants) preparing such a report.
 
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9.5 Confidentiality.

(1) No Party shall, without the express written consent of the other Parties (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), disclose any material non-public information in respect of the terms of this Agreement or otherwise received under or in conjunction with this Agreement and, in the case of Holder, concerning Products and operations on the Mineral Property, other than to its employees, agents and/or consultants for purposes related to the administration of this Agreement and no Party shall issue any press releases concerning the terms of this Agreement or, in the case of Holder, in respect of the operations of the Owners, without the consent of the other Party after such Party having first reviewed the terms of such press release.  Each Party agrees to reveal such information only to its employees, agents and/or consultants who need to know and who are informed of the confidential nature of the information. In addition, neither Party shall use any such information for its own use or benefit except for the purpose of enforcing its rights under this Agreement.

(2) The restriction on disclosure of material non-public information by this Section 9.5 does not apply to information: (a) that is or becomes known to the public through no fault of the Parties, (b) the Party rightfully possessed such information before receiving it from or on behalf of the other Party, or (c) such information is subsequently disclosed to the Party by a Third Party who is not under an obligation of confidentiality.

(3) The Parties may disclose data or information obtained under or in conjunction with this Agreement and otherwise prohibited from disclosure by this Section 9.5:

(a) to any third person to whom such Party in good faith anticipates selling or assigning its interest hereunder; or

(b) to a prospective lender;

provided that in each case such Third Party purchaser or lender shall first have executed a confidentiality agreement which agreement shall include the confidentiality provisions of this Section.

(4) The Parties may disclose data or information obtained under this Agreement in compliance with applicable laws, rules, regulations or orders of a Governmental Body or stock exchange having jurisdiction over such Parties, provided that such Party shall disclose only such data or information as, in the opinion of its counsel, is required to be disclosed and provided further that where possible (time permitting after reasonable efforts on the part of such disclosing Party) the other Party shall be given the right to review and object to the data or information to be disclosed prior to any public release subject to any reasonable changes proposed by such other Party.

(5) For greater certainty, the Owners agree that Holder shall be entitled to disclose Royalty payment figures and publicly available reserve and resource estimates and production guidance in respect of the Mineral Property without the consent of the Owners; provided that the requirement that such information be publicly disclosed by the Owners prior to disclosure by Holder shall no longer apply in the event Parent ceases to be a reporting issuer or equivalent under applicable securities Laws.
 
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(6) All announcements, public notices, or other disclosures of any kind, whether public or private, to third parties and all other publicity concerning the matters contemplated by this Agreement by the Owners or Parent shall be provided to Holder for its review prior to release of such announcement, notice or disclosure by the Owners or Parent, unless it is determined, in good faith, that there is not sufficient timing for such review in order to comply with Applicable Laws.

ARTICLE 10
COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS; RECLAMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL OBLIGATIONS, AND INDEMNITIES.

10.1 Compliance with Laws.

The Owners shall at all times materially comply with all applicable present or future federal, provincial, state and local Laws, statutes, rules, regulations, permits, ordinances, certificates, licenses and other regulatory requirements, policies and guidelines relating to operations and activities on or with respect to the Mineral Property; provided, however, the Owners shall have the right to contest any of the same if such contest does not jeopardize the Mineral Property or Holder's rights thereto under this Agreement.

10.2 Reclamation, Environmental Obligations, and Indemnities.

The Owners shall, from and after the Effective Date, timely and fully perform all reclamation required by all Governmental Bodies pertaining or related to the Owners’s operations or activities on or with respect to the Mineral Property or required under this Agreement. The Owners from and after the Effective Date, covenant and agree not to undertake, cause, suffer, or permit any condition or activity at, on or in the vicinity of the Mineral Property which constitutes or results in a violation of or liability under any applicable environmental Laws, permits, certificates, licenses and other environmental requirements (collectively “Environmental Obligations”) in any material respect.  From and after the Effective Date, and in the event an Owner (i) fails to comply in any material respect with any Environmental Obligations, (ii) undertakes any activity giving rise to material liability under any Environmental Obligations except as otherwise permitted or authorized by one or more Governmental Bodies or by Laws, or (iii) otherwise breaches any Environmental Obligations in any material respect, such Owner shall promptly remedy and correct such failure to comply, satisfy such liability, cure (whether through remediation, payment of penalties or otherwise) such breach and satisfy all obligations in connection therewith.  The Owners covenant and agree, subject to Section 8.3, to indemnify, defend and hold Holder harmless from any and all obligations, Claims (including administrative claims and claims for injunctive relief), Losses (excluding loss of profits), costs, legal fees and costs through all levels of appeal and causes of action asserted against Holder related to (i) the Owners’s failure to comply with and satisfy Environmental Obligations, and (ii) any and all liability under any applicable environmental Laws, permits, certificate, licenses and other environmental requirements with respect to the Mineral Property relating to any condition or activity which occurred or arose prior to the date this Agreement takes effect.
 
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ARTICLE 11
STOCKPILING.

11.1 Stockpiling.

The rights of the Owners to stockpile, store or place Minerals off of the Mineral Property pursuant to any of the provisions of this Agreement shall not be exercisable until the Owners have first secured from the property owner where such stockpiling, storage or placement is to occur a written agreement in recordable form which provides that Holder's rights to the Minerals shall be preserved.  Such agreement shall provide, inter alia, that (i) Holder's rights pursuant to this Agreement, insofar as they are applicable, shall continue in full force and effect with respect to Products from the Mineral Property; (ii) Holder's rights in and to the Products shall be the same as if the Products were situate on the Mineral Property; (iii) Holder's rights set forth in this Article 11 shall have precedence over the rights to the Products of the property owner where the Products are stockpiled, stored or placed, as well as the creditors of the said property owner; (iv) the agreement shall be irrevocable as long as the Products from the Mineral Property, or any part thereof, remains on the property not part of the Mineral Property; and (v) Holder shall have substantially similar access rights and obligations as provided in Section 9.3.

ARTICLE 12
TAILINGS AND RESIDUES.

12.1 Tailings and Residues.

All tailings, residues, waste rock, spoiled leach materials, and other materials (collectively “Materials”) resulting from an Owner’s operations and activities on the Mineral Property shall be the sole property of such Owner, but shall remain subject to the Royalty should the same be processed or reprocessed, as the case may be, in the future and result in the production of Products.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Owners shall have the right to dispose of Materials from the Mineral Property on or off of the Mineral Property and to commingle the same with Material from other properties.  In the event Materials are processed or reprocessed, as the case may be, the Royalty payable thereon shall be determined on a pro rata basis as determined by using the best engineering and technical practices then available.

ARTICLE 13
TITLE MAINTENANCE AND TAXES; INSURANCE; ABANDONMENT.

13.1 Title Maintenance and Taxes.

(1) Subject to Section 7.1(3), from the date this Agreement takes effect, the Owners shall maintain title in and to the Mineral Property, including without limitation, paying when due all mining duties on or with respect to the Mineral Property and doing all things and making all payments and investments necessary or appropriate to maintain the right, title, and interest of the Owners and Holder, respectively, in the Mineral Property under this Agreement.
 
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13.2 Insurance.

The Owners shall purchase or otherwise arrange at its own expense and shall keep in force at all times, directly or through the services of an independent contractor, insurance against such casualties and contingencies and of such types and in such amounts as is customary in the case of similar operations, including workers compensation insurance and commercial general liability ("CGL") insurance against claims for bodily injury or death or property damage arising out of or resulting from the Owners’s activities or operations on or with respect to the Mineral Property.  The amount of workers compensation insurance shall be as set by Laws, and the amount of CGL insurance shall be in such amount as will adequately protect the Owners, Holder, the Royalty and the Mineral Property in Holder’s reasonable judgment from any and all claims, liabilities and damages which may reasonably be expected to arise with respect to this Agreement or the Property and that can be covered by CGL insurance.

13.3 Abandonment.

In the event an Owner intends to abandon any of the mining concessions comprising a portion or all of the Mineral Property (“Abandonment Property”), such Owner shall first give notice of such intention to Holder at least 90 days in advance of the proposed date of abandonment.  If, not later than 10 days before the proposed date of abandonment, the Owner receives from Holder written notice that Holder desires the Owner to convey the Abandonment Property to Holder or an assignee, the Owner shall, without additional consideration and provided Holder assumes all obligations and liabilities with respect thereto in form and substance satisfactory to such Owner, convey the Abandonment Property in good standing, without warranty, to Holder and shall thereafter have no further obligation to maintain the title to the Abandonment Property.  If Holder does not give such notice to the Owner within the prescribed period of time, the Owner may abandon the Abandonment Property and shall thereafter have no further obligation to maintain the title to the Abandonment Property; provided, however, that if an Owner, Parent or any affiliate of either reacquires a direct or indirect interest in any of the ground covered by the Abandonment Property at any time following abandonment, the production of Products from such ground shall be subject to the Royalty and this Agreement. The Owner shall give written notice to Holder within 10 days of any such reacquisition.

ARTICLE 14
RIGHT OF FIRST OFFER

14.1 Right of First Offer.

(1) If the Owners or Parent, or any of their respective Affiliates, proposes, within one year from the Effective Date, to sell to any person a new or existing royalty, a participating interest based on production, a stream or enter into any other similar transaction involving the Mineral Property (the “Offered Interest”), the Owners or Parent shall first offer the Offered Interest to Holder, by promptly sending written notice (an “Offer Notice”) to Holder setting forth the terms and conditions of the proposed transaction (the “Transaction”) to be entered into in respect of the Offered Interest.
 
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(2) Upon delivery of the Offer Notice, such offer shall be irrevocable unless and until the right of first offer provided for herein shall have been waived or shall have expired.  For a period of 30 days from the date of receipt of the Offer Notice (the “ROFO Period”), Holder shall have the right, but not the obligation, to purchase the Offered Interest at a purchase price and on the terms and conditions set forth in the Offer Notice (the “ROFO”). The ROFO shall be exercisable by delivering written notice to Owner prior to the expiration of the ROFO Period.  Failure by Holder to respond within the ROFO Period shall be deemed to be a waiver of Holder’s option to acquire such interest.

(3) Upon waiver of the ROFO or expiry of the ROFO Period, the Owners or Parent shall have the right to sell the Offered Interest on terms not less favourable than as set forth in the Offer Notice.

(4) The closing of the Transaction with either (i) Holder pursuant to its exercise of the ROFO, or (ii) a Third Party on terms and conditions no less favourable to the Owners or Parent than as set out in the Offer Notice, shall be held on or before the 120th day (or such later day as is necessary to obtain requisite consents and approvals) after the receipt of the Offer Notice.  If the closing of the Transaction with a Third Party is not completed within such 120 day period, the Owners or Parent must again comply with the provisions of this section with respect to the sale of the Offered Interest.

ARTICLE 15
GUARANTEE

15.1 Guarantee

(1) Parent shall cause the Owners to comply with all of their obligations under this Agreement.

(2) Parent unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees and agrees to be jointly and severally liable with the Owners for, the due and punctual performance of all obligations and covenants of the Owners arising under this Agreement, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement.

(3) If any obligation is not duly performed by an Owner and is not performed under this section by Parent for any reason whatsoever, Parent will, as a separate and distinct obligation, indemnify and save harmless Holder from and against all Losses resulting from the failure of such Owner to perform such obligations. If any such obligation is not duly performed by the Owner and is not performed by Parent under this section or Holder is not indemnified under the immediately preceding sentence, in each case, for any reason whatsoever, such obligation will, as a separate and distinct obligation, be performed by Parent as primary obligor.

(4) The liability of Parent under this Article will be for the full amount of the obligations without apportionment, limitation or restriction of any kind, will be continuing, absolute and unconditional and will not be affected by any applicable law, or any other act, delay, abstention or omission to act of any kind by Holder or any other person, that might constitute a legal or equitable defence to or a discharge, limitation or reduction of Parent’s obligations hereunder.

(5) The liability of Parent under this Article will not be released, discharged, limited or in any way affected by anything done, suffered, permitted or omitted to be done by Holder in connection with any duties, obligations or liabilities of the Owners or Parent to Holder.
 
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(6) Holder will not be bound or obligated to exhaust its recourse against the Owners or other persons or take any other action before being entitled to demand payment from Parent under the section.

(7) In any claim by Holder against Parent under this section, Parent may not claim or assert any set-off, counterclaim, claim or other right that either Parent or the Owners may have against Holder, any of its subsidiaries or any directors, employees or officers thereof.

ARTICLE 16
DISPUTE RESOLUTION.

16.1 Matters to be Arbitrated.

Any dispute, controversy or claim arising under or on connection with this Agreement or any document, instrument or agreement delivered pursuant hereto, the resolution of which is not provided for in this Agreement and which cannot be resolved or settled by the Parties, shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with this Article 16 upon written notice by a Party to the other.

16.2 Procedure for Arbitration

(1) Any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with or relating to this Agreement, or the breach, termination or invalidity hereof, shall be finally resolved by arbitration under the International Commercial Arbitration Rules of Procedure of the New York International Commercial Arbitration Centre (the “Rules”) as are in force at the time of any such arbitration.  For the purpose of such arbitration, there shall be three arbitrators appointed in accordance with the Rules.  The appointing authority shall be the New York International Commercial Arbitration Centre.  The place of arbitration shall be in New York, NY.  All arbitration proceedings shall be conducted in the English language.

(2) All matters relating to any dispute, controversy or claim which is the subject matter or arbitration hereunder, including all submissions made to the arbitrators and the decision of the arbitrators, shall be treated as confidential by the Parties and the Parties shall, and shall cause any witnesses, counsel or professional advisers retained in connection with such an arbitration to, maintain all such matters in strict confidence until the arbitrator has made its decision.

(3) The prevailing Party in any arbitration proceedings (or litigation) shall, in addition to any other relief awarded by the arbitrators (or court) be entitled to a judgment against the non-prevailing Party for reasonable attorneys’ fees and cost incurred in such proceedings or litigation.

16.3 Continuing Obligations.

Pending settlement of any dispute, controversy or claim, the Parties shall abide by their obligations under this Agreement without prejudice to a final adjustment in accordance with an award rendered in an arbitration settling such dispute, controversy or claim.
 
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ARTICLE 17
GENERAL PROVISIONS.

17.1 Additional Documents.

The Parties shall from time to time execute all such further instruments and documents and do all such further actions as may be necessary to effectuate the purposes of this Agreement.

17.2 Assignment.

(1) The Owners and Parent shall not, directly or indirectly, Encumber, sell, option, assign, lease, license, transfer or otherwise dispose of, the Mineral Property or any material portion thereof (other than pursuant to an internal reorganization or to or with an affiliate or subsidiary of the Owners or Parent provided such affiliate or subsidiary first enters into an agreement, in form satisfactory to Holder, under which such party assumes the Owners’s obligations to Holder under the Agreement) without the prior written consent of Holder, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld. Any sale, option, assignment, lease, license, transfer or other disposition which does not comply with the terms of this Agreement shall be null and void and of no force or effect.

(2) Notwithstanding 17.2(1), the Owners may Encumber the Mineral Property in order to obtain project finance or other financing for the development of the Mineral Property; provided, that any such Encumbrance shall provide for the lender’s express agreement to assume, perform and be bound by this Agreement and the Royalty; and provided further, that in connection with any Encumbrance, the Owners will use their commercially reasonable best efforts to obtain a “recognition agreement”, providing generally that the rights of Holder under this Agreement and the Royalty shall not be disturbed in the event of a foreclosure or other enforcement action with respect to any such Encumbrance and that if the Royalty is terminated as a result of any such enforcement action, any new owner of the Mineral Property will execute a new royalty agreement on substantially the same terms as those contained in this Agreement.

(3) The Owners and Parent shall not allow a Change of Control of the Owners without the prior written consent of Holder, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld.

(4) Holder may, in its sole discretion, Encumber, assign, transfer or otherwise convey this Agreement or all or any of its rights in the Royalty to any of its respective affiliates or any other Third Party without the prior written consent of the Owners.

17.3 No Implied Covenants.

The Parties agree that no implied covenants or duties relating to or affecting any of their respective rights or obligations hereunder, and that the only covenants or duties which affect such rights and obligations shall be those expressly set forth and provided for in this Agreement.

17.4 No Partnership.

Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to create, expressly or by implication, a joint venture, mining partnership, commercial partnership, or other partnership or agency relationship between Parties.
 
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17.5 No Fiduciary Obligations.

Nothing in this Agreement shall constitute any Party to this Agreement a fiduciary in relation to any other Party to this Agreement.

17.6 Governing Law.

This Agreement is to be governed by and construed under the laws of New York (without regard to its laws relating to any conflicts of laws).

17.7 Waiver.

No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement will constitute a waiver of any other provision (whether or not similar).  No waiver will be binding unless executed in writing by the Party to be bound by the waiver.  A Party’s failure or delay in exercising any right under this Agreement will not operate as a waiver of that right. A single or partial exercise of any right will not preclude a Party from any other or further exercise of that right or the exercise of any other right.

17.8 Notices.

Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement, any notice or other correspondence required or permitted by this Agreement shall be deemed to have been properly given or delivered when made in writing and hand-delivered to the Party to whom directed, or when sent by certified mail, electronic facsimile transmission, with all necessary postage or charges fully prepaid, return receipt requested (or in the case of a facsimile or telegram, confirmation of delivery), and addressed to the Party to whom directed at the following address:

(a) Owners or Parent:

c/o Paramount Gold and Silver Corp.
665 Anderson Street
Winnemucca, Nevada 89445
 
Attention: Chris Crupi
Facsimile: 775. 304.3603

With a copy to:

Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP
2600 – 160 Elgin Street
Ottawa, Ontario K1P 1C3

Attention: Michael Clancy
Facsimile: 613.563.9869
 
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(b) Holder:

5500-401 Ave. Valle Escondido
Punto Alto E2
El Saucito, Chihuahua  31125 Mexico

Attention: Peter Mitchell, Vice-President
Email: pmitchell@coeur.com

With a copy to:

Coeur Mining, Inc.
104 S. Michigan Avenue, Suite 900
Chicago, Illinois 60603
 
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile: 312.489.5899

Either Party may change its address for the purpose of notices or communications by furnishing notice thereof to the other Party in the manner provided in this Section.  Any notice or other communication given in accordance with this section, if delivered by hand as aforesaid shall be deemed to have been validly and effectively given on the date of such delivery if such date is a Business Day and such delivery is received before 4:00 pm at the place of delivery; otherwise, it shall be deemed to be validly and effectively given on the Business Day next following the date of delivery.  Any notice of communication which is transmitted by facsimile transmission or electronic mail as aforesaid, shall be deemed to have been validly and effectively given on the date of transmission if such date is a Business Day and such transmission was received before 4:00 pm at the place of receipt; otherwise it shall be deemed to have been validly and effectively given on the Business Day next following such date of transmission.

17.9 Entire Agreement.

This Agreement contains the entire agreement between Parties, and no oral agreement, promise, statement or representation which is not contained herein shall be binding on the Parties unless subsequently reduced to writing and signed by the Parties.  The provisions of this Agreement shall supersede all previous oral or written agreements between the Parties hereto.

17.10 Further Assurances.

From time to time, each Party shall, at the request of the other Party and with reasonable diligence, do all things and provide all assurances as may be reasonably required to carry out the obligations contemplated by this Agreement, and each Party shall, at the request of the other Party and with reasonable diligence, execute and deliver such additional documents or instruments as may be reasonably necessary to carry out the terms of this Agreement.
 
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17.11 Counterparts.

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, and it shall not be necessary that the signatures of the Parties be contained on any counterpart. Each counterpart shall be deemed an original, but all counterparts together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

17.12 Severability.

If any provision of this Agreement is determined to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable, by an arbitrator or any court of competent jurisdiction from which no appeal exists or is taken, that provision will be severed from this Agreement and the remaining provisions will remain in full force and effect.

(Signature page follows)
 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Parent, the Owners and Holder have executed this Agreement effective on the date set forth above.
 
 
PARAMOUNT GOLD AND SILVER CORP.
 
 
By:
/s/ Carlo Buffone
   
Name:       Carlo Buffone
   
Title:          Chief Financial Officer

 
PARAMOUNT GOLD DE MEXICO S.A. DE C.V.
 
 
By:
/s/ Carlo Buffone
   
Name:       Carlo Buffone
   
Title:          Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
     
 
MINERA GAMA S.A. DE C.V.
 
 
By:
/s/ Carlo Buffone
   
Name:       Carlo Buffone
   
Title:          Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
     
 
COEUR MEXICANA DE MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V.
 
 
By:
/s/ Peter C. Mitchell
   
Name:       Peter C. Mitchell
   
Title:          Vice President
 
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SCHEDULE A
 
MINERAL PROPERTY
 
Group
Concession Name
Title #
Area (HAS.)
Original Title Effective Date
Concessionaire
Royalty
San Miguel
166401
12.9458
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
San Juan
166402
3.00
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
San Luis
166422
4.00
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Empalme
166423
6.00
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Sangre de Cristo
166424
41.00
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Santa Clara
166425
15.00
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
San Miguel
El Carmen
166426
59.0864
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Las Tres BBB
166427
23.001
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Swanwick
166428
70.1316
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Las Tres SSS
166429
19.1908
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
El Rosario
166430
14.00
June 4, 1980
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Guadalupe de los Reyes
172225
8.00
October 27, 1983
Paramount Mexico
None
Montecristo
213579
38.0560
May 18, 2001
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Montecristo Fraccion
213580
0.2813
May 18, 2001
Paramount Mexico
None
La Blanca
Montecristo II
226590
27.1426
February 2, 2006
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Constituyentes 1917
199402
66.2411
April 19, 1994
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Santa Cruz
186960
10.00
May 17, 1990
Paramount Mexico
None
Andrea
231075
54,990.7925
January 16, 2008
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Gissel
228244
880.0
October 17, 2006
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Isabel
228724
348.2850
January 17, 2007
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Elyca
179842
10.0924
December 17, 1986
Paramount Mexico
None
Andrea
Maria Isabel Fraccion 1
236292
43.7262
June 11, 2010
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Maria Isabel Fraccion 2
236293
24.7017
June 11, 2010
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Maria Isabel Fraccion 3
236294
108.7979
June 11, 2010
Paramount Mexico
None
    
Maria Isabel Fraccion 4
236295
208.2733
June 11, 2010
Paramount Mexico
None
 
Samantha
240993
7,216.3266
November 16, 2012
Paramount Mexico
None
San Francisco
191486
38.1598
December 19, 1991
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
Guazaparez
Ampliacion San Antonio
196127
20.9174
September 23, 1992
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
(Mexoro)
San Antonio
204385
14.8932
February 13, 1997
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
 
Guazaparez
209497
30.9111
August 3, 1999
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
 
Guazaparez 3
211040
250.0
March 24, 2000
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
 
Guazaparez 1
212890
451.9655
February 13, 2001
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
 
Guazaparez 5
213572
88.8744
May 18, 2001
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
 
Cantilito
220788
37.0350
October 7, 2003
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
 
San Antonio
222869
105.1116
September 14, 2004
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
 
Guazaparez 4
223664
63.9713
February 2, 2005
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
    
Guazaparez 2
226217
404.0016
December 2, 2005
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
 
Vinorama
226884
474.2220
March 17, 2006
Paramount Mexico
2.0% NSR
Guazapares
232082
6,265.2328
June 10, 2008
Minera Gama
None
Temoris
Roble
232084
797.7950
June 10, 2008
Minera Gama
None
 
Temoris Centro
232081
40,386.1449
June 10, 2008
Minera Gama
None
 
Temoris Fraccion 2
229551
7,328.1302
May 18, 2007
Minera Gama
None
 
Temoris Fraccion 3
229552
14.0432
May 18, 2007
Minera Gama
None
 
Temoris Fraccion 4
229553
18.6567
May 18, 2007
Minera Gama
None
 

SCHEDULE B
 
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE OWNERS AND PARENT

The Owners and Parent hereby represent and warrant to Holder, on a joint and several basis, as of the Effective Date, as follows and acknowledges that Holder is relying upon such representations and warranties in connection with the matters contemplated by this Agreement:

(a) Organization and Good Standing.  Each of the Owners and Parent is a corporation duly incorporated and validly subsisting under the Laws of their formation. Each of the Owners and Parent is registered, licensed or otherwise qualified as required under Applicable Law where the nature or character of any permits and/or the Mineral Property requires it to be so registered, licensed or otherwise qualified.

(b) No Violation or Rights of Termination or Acceleration.  The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Owners and Parent does not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and the performance of this Agreement by the Owners and Parent will not:

(i) materially conflict with or result in a material violation, contravention or breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of its articles or by-laws (or equivalent organizational documents), any agreement, instrument or license to which it is a party or by which it is bound or constitute a material default or violation by it thereunder, or result in the creation or imposition of any Encumbrance upon the Mineral Property except by virtue of the constitution of the Royalty;

(ii) constitute a default or violation by an Owner or Parent under any Laws to which it is subject or by which it is bound;

(iii) result in any breach of, or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a default) under, or give to others any right of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or create, give rise to or change any rights or obligations of any person under, or result in the creation of an Encumbrance on the Mineral Property pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation to which it is a party or by which it or any of its respective property or assets is bound; or

(iv) result in any right of first offer, pre-emptive right, right of first refusal or other right to purchase.

(c) Consents and Approvals.  No consent, approval, license, permit, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration or filing with, or permit from, any Governmental Body is required to be obtained or made by or with respect to the Owners in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby.
 

(d) Capacity.  Each of the Owners and Parent has the requisite corporate power and capacity to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to complete the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Owners and Parent and the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby by them has been duly authorized by their respective board of directors and no other corporate proceedings are necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(e) Binding Agreement.  This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by each of the Owners and Parent and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation, enforceable against them in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency and other Laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and to general principles of equity.

(f) No Bankruptcy Proceedings.  There is no bankruptcy, liquidation, winding-up or other similar proceeding pending or in progress or, to the knowledge of the Owners and Parent, threatened against the Owners or Parent, before any court, administrative, regulatory or similar agency or tribunal.

(g) No Option.  No person other than Holder has any oral or written agreement, option, warrant, privilege or right, or any right capable of becoming any of the foregoing (whether legal, equitable, contractual or otherwise), for the purchase of the Royalty, or any portion thereof.

(h) Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities.  To the knowledge of the Owners and Parent, the Mineral Property and the Royalty are not subject to any liabilities or obligations of any nature or kind (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise) other than as otherwise disclosed in this Agreement.

(i) Mineral Property.

(i) The Owners are in possession of the Mineral Property and owns 100% of the undivided legal and beneficial interest in and to each mining concession comprising the Mineral Property and except for the Permitted Encumbrances the Owners have good and marketable title in and to, or valid and subsisting interests in the Mineral Property and has the legal authority to hold such interests in the Mineral Property.

(ii) Except as disclosed in Schedule D, no person has any back-in rights, earn-in rights, rights of first refusal, rights of first offer, option rights, royalty rights or similar rights or provisions in respect of the Mineral Property, other than Governmental Bodies pursuant to Applicable Law.

(iii) The Owners and Parent have paid when due and payable all required mining duties (Pagos de Derechos), fees or other amounts and satisfactorily expended all annual investments (Obras y Trabajos) required by law and regulation to maintain in good standing all mining concessions, rights, and interests necessary for the exploration and exploitation of the Mineral Property and to preserve the Owners’ right to explore and exploit the same.
 
- 2 -

(iv) There are no adverse claims, actions, suits or proceedings that have been commenced or, to the knowledge of the Owners or Parent, that are pending or threatened, affecting or which could affect the Owners, Parent, the Mineral Property or the Royalty.

(v) The Owners and Parent have not received from any Governmental Body or any other person any notice in respect of any threat or intention to not issue or renew any governmental authorization or other authorizations, approvals, orders, rulings, certificates, consents, directives, notices, licences, permits, variances, registrations or other rights required by the Owners or Parent in connection with the Mineral Property. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing: the Owners and Parent have not received any notice of any cancellation proceeding or decision to cancel any or all of the mining concessions comprising the Mineral Property, and they do not have knowledge of any cancellation proceeding pending or threatened against or affecting any or all the mining concessions comprising the Mineral Property or of any discussions or negotiations which could reasonably be expected to lead to any such cancellation proceeding.

(vi) The Owners have all leases, licenses, rights of way, rights to use, surface rights, easements or other real property interests that are required to conduct all exploration activities in respect of the Mineral Property as currently conducted or as planned.

(vii) To the knowledge of the Owners and Parent, all work carried out on the Mineral Property has been carried out in accordance with all applicable Laws, including environmental laws and neither the Owners nor Parent have received any notice of any breach of such Laws.

(viii) The Owners have the unencumbered right to create the Royalty and sell it to Holder as provided in this Agreement.

(j) Technical Disclosure.  Parent’s technical disclosure disclosed in the technical report created pursuant to NI 43-101, entitled “Technical Report & Preliminary Economic Assessment for the San Miguel Project, Guazapares Mining District, Chihuahua Mexico” and dated August 22, 2014, as such report may be restated, updated or replaced, and its public disclosure documents were prepared and disclosed in all material respects in accordance with accepted mining, engineering, geoscience and other approved industry practices and NI 43-101 as it was in effect on the date of the filing of the applicable document. The information provided by Parent to the Qualified Persons (as defined in NI 43-101 as it was in effect on the date of the filing of the applicable document) in connection with the preparation of such disclosure was complete and accurate at the time such information was furnished.
 
- 3 -

(k) Maintenance of Mineral Property.  All taxes, fees, investments, and other amounts have been paid or expended when due and payable and all other actions, including, but not limited to, filing all required reports with Dirección General de Minas, have been taken and all other obligations as are required to maintain the Mineral Property have been complied with.

(l) Compliance with Laws.  The Owners have complied with and is not in violation of any Applicable Laws other than such non-compliance or violations which would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect in respect of the Owners, the Mineral Property, the Royalty or any activities undertaken by or on behalf of the Owners.

(m) Brokers and Finders.  Neither Parent or the Owners nor any of their officers, directors or employees has employed any broker or finder or incurred any liability for any brokerage fees, commissions, or finders’ fees in such manner as to give rise to any valid claim against Holder for a finder’s fee, brokerage commissions or similar payment.
 
- 4 -

SCHEDULE C
 
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF HOLDER

Holder hereby represents and warrants to the Owners, as of the Effective Date, as follows and acknowledges that the Owners are relying upon such representations and warranties in connection with the matters contemplated by this Agreement:

(a) Organization.  Holder is a corporation duly incorporated and validly subsisting under the Laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation.

(b) No Violation or Rights of Termination or Acceleration.  The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Holder does not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and the performance of this Agreement by Holder will not:

(i) materially conflict with or result in a material violation, contraventions or breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of its articles or by-laws (or equivalent organizational documents) of Holder or any agreement, instrument or license to which Holder is a party or by which Holder is bound or constitute a material default or violation by Holder thereunder; or

(ii) result in any breach of, or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a default) under, or give to others any right of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or create, give rise to or change any rights or obligations of any person under, or result in the creation of an Encumbrance on any property or asset of Holder pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation to which Holder is a party or by which Holder or any of its respective property or assets is bound;

except, with respect to clauses (i) and (ii), for any such events or occurrences that could not reasonably be expected to materially impair the ability of Holder to perform its obligations hereunder or to complete the transactions contemplated hereby.

(c) Consents and Approvals.  No consent, approval, license, permit, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration or filing with, or permit from, any Governmental Body is required to be obtained or made by or with respect to Holder in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby.
 

(d) Capacity.  Holder has the requisite corporate power and capacity to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to complete the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Holder and the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby by it has been duly authorized by its board of directors and no other corporate proceedings are necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(e) Binding Agreement.  This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Holder and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation, enforceable against Holder in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency and other Laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and to general principles of equity.
 
- 2-

SCHEDULE D
 
PERMITTED ENCUMBRANCES

(i) Existing Royalties;

(ii) Inchoate or statutory liens for taxes, assessments, royalties payable to a Governmental Body, rents or charges not at the time due or payable, or being contested in good faith through appropriate proceedings;

(iii) Any reservations, or exceptions contained in the original grants of land or by applicable statute or the terms of any lease in respect of any properties, concessions, leases or other mining rights or comprising the Mineral Property;

(iv) Rights of way for or reservations or rights of others for, sewers, water lines, gas lines, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines, and other similar utilities, or zoning by-laws, ordinances, surface access rights or other restrictions as to the use of the Mineral Property, which do not in the aggregate materially detract from the use of the Mineral Property for the purpose of conducting and carrying out mining operations thereon;

(v) Security deposits with any Governmental Body and utilities in the ordinary course of business (including, to the extent applicable, any reclamation obligations); and

(vi) The registered liens of Sunburst Mining de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. and Paramount Gold and Silver Corporation in respect of the concessions noted below:
 
FILE
REGISTRATION DATE
KIND OF LIEN
PARTIES
VALIDITY
REGISTRATION
File. 742/2008
29/09/08
Constitution of Mortgage Security
Sunburst Mining de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. and Paramount Gold and Silver Corporation
 
Book 129, Volume 24, Page 79 and Act 133
File. 272/2001
25/04/11
Acknowledgment of debt with Mortgage Security
Paramount Gold de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. and Paramount Gold and Silver Corporation
From 16/11/2010
to
16/11/2020
Book 129, Volume 30, Page 24 and Act 35
 

Número de Titulo
Nombre de Concesion
222869
San Antonio
220788
Cantillito
223664
Guazapares 4
226217
Guazapares 2
226884
Vinorama
 
 
 
 
- 2 -




Exhibit 99.1

PARAMOUNT ANNOUNCES AGREEMENT TO BE ACQUIRED BY COEUR AND SPIN-OFF OF NEW EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT COMPANY

Paramount Stockholders to own 24% of the outstanding shares of Coeur Mining post-acquisition

Winnemucca, Nevada - December 17, 2014 – Paramount Gold and Silver Corp. (“Paramount” or the “Company”) (NYSE/TSX: PZG) and Coeur Mining, Inc. (“Coeur”) (NYSE: CDE) have entered into an agreement and plan of merger, dated as of December 16, 2014 (the “Merger Agreement”) pursuant to which Coeur will acquire all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Paramount and the San Miguel Project (the “Merger”).  As a condition to closing the Merger, the shares of Paramount’s subsidiary holding its Nevada mining assets will be spun-off to holders of the Company’s common stock.

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Coeur will acquire each share of outstanding Paramount common stock from Paramount’s stockholders in exchange for 0.2016 of a share of Coeur common stock (the “Exchange Ratio”).  In addition, Paramount stockholders will receive their pro rata share of the outstanding shares of an existing subsidiary or a newly incorporated subsidiary (“SpinCo”) of Paramount. SpinCo will hold Paramount’s interest in the Sleeper Gold, Mill Creek and Spring Valley Projects in Nevada and will be capitalized with $10 million in cash from Coeur. Upon completion of the Merger, Paramount stockholders will hold, in aggregate, a 95.1% interest in SpinCo and Coeur will hold the remaining 4.9%.

The Exchange Ratio represents an implied value of $0.90 per share of Paramount common stock based on the 20-trading day volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) of Coeur common shares of $4.47 on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), and an implied 19.8% premium based upon Paramount’s and Coeur’s 20-trading day VWAP ($0.75 and $4.47 respectively), before ascribing any value to SpinCo. Upon completion of the Merger, Paramount stockholders will own approximately 32.7 million shares of Coeur representing approximately 24% of the outstanding shares of Coeur common stock. The implied transaction value, before ascribing any value to SpinCo, is approximately $146 million.

Speaking in support of the transaction, Paramount CEO, Christopher Crupi said: “This transaction unlocks the value we have created in San Miguel for our stockholders, by trading this asset for a substantial ownership in the major producer best able to maximize its value. We expect San Miguel to make a significant contribution to the future success of Coeur and Paramount stockholders will be able to share in this success as owners of Coeur. This transaction also provides Paramount stockholders with an opportunity to share in further value creation as owners of SpinCo, which we expect to be named Paramount Nevada Gold. Our plan for SpinCo is to continue the Paramount strategy of developing assets through exploration and engineering, and selling or partnering these assets with established producers. Our focus will be on gold assets in Nevada, anchored by the advanced Sleeper Gold Project which already has a large resource base and a low capital and operating cost profile.”

Benefits for Paramount Stockholders:
 
§ Attractive value creation opportunity for Paramount stockholders;
 

§ Significant interest in Coeur’s portfolio of producing assets;
§ Immediate exposure to financial resources sufficient to fund the development of San Miguel as a part of Coeur’s portfolio, which creates the potential to participate in a valuation re-rating of Coeur to a multiple in line with peers;
§ Enhanced market capitalization appeals to a broader shareholder base, increased research analyst following and improved share trading liquidity;
§ Coeur has sufficient capital to proceed with the development of San Miguel in a timely manner with $295.4 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at September 30, 2014 on the balance sheet plus strong operating cash flow from existing operations;
§ Leveraging existing infrastructure at Coeur’s Palmarejo mine complex results in significantly lower development costs;
§ Provides continuing stockholder participation in Nevada exploration assets through 95.1% ownership of SpinCo;
§ Provides initial funding to SpinCo, enabling it to advance its Sleeper Gold Project and provides the potential to acquire additional gold assets at a time when valuations are at historic lows.
 
Transaction Summary
The proposed transaction will be completed pursuant to a Plan of merger and will require the approval of the majority of the shares entitled to vote at a special meeting of Paramount stockholders.  FCMI Financial, which holds approximately 15% of the outstanding shares of Paramount common stock, has agreed to vote in favor of the proposed transaction.  The directors and officers of Paramount have also entered into a support agreement pursuant to which they agreed to vote in favor of the proposed transaction.  The issuance of Coeur shares in connection with this transaction is subject to obtaining the approval of the majority of the stockholders of Coeur voting at a special meeting of Coeur stockholders.  It is anticipated that the transaction will close in the second quarter of 2015.

In addition to stockholder approvals, the proposed transaction will be subject to applicable regulatory approvals and the satisfaction of certain other customary conditions, including approval of the Mexican Federal Economic Competition Commission. The Merger Agreement includes customary provisions, including covenants not to solicit other acquisition proposals, rights to match any superior proposals and termination fees payable in certain circumstances.

Paramount’s Board of Directors has determined that the proposed transaction is in the best interest of the Company and stockholders, having taken into account advice from its financial advisor, and has unanimously approved the execution of the Merger Agreement. Paramount’s Board of Directors recommends that its stockholders vote in favor of the proposed transaction. Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. has provided an opinion to Paramount’s Board of Directors that the consideration to be received from Coeur, together with the shares to be received in SpinCo in connection with the proposed transaction is fair, from a financial point of view, to the Paramount stockholders.

Royalty Transaction Summary
Paramount and Coeur entered into a royalty agreement whereby Coeur paid $5.25 million to Paramount for a 0.7% net smelter returns royalty in respect of the San Miguel Project.

Advisors and Counsel
Paramount has retained Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. to act as its financial advisor, and jointly LeClairRyan and Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP are acting as legal advisors to Paramount.
 

About Paramount
Paramount is a U.S.-based exploration and development company with multi-million ounce advanced stage precious metals projects in northern Mexico (San Miguel) and Nevada (Sleeper).

The San Miguel Project consists of over 100,000 hectares (over 247,000 acres) in the Palmarejo District of northwest Mexico, making Paramount the largest claim holder in this rapidly growing precious metals mining camp. The San Miguel Project is ideally situated near established, low cost production where the infrastructure already exists for early, cost-effective exploitation. A second Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) for San Miguel was completed and announced on August 25, 2014.

The Sleeper Gold Project is located off a main highway about 25 miles from the town of Winnemucca. In 2010, Paramount acquired a 100% interest in the project including the original Sleeper high-grade open pit mine operated by Amax Gold from 1986 to 1996 as well as staked and purchased lands now totaling 2,570 claims and covering about 47,500 acres which stretch south down trend to Newmont’s Sandman project. This acquisition is consistent with the Company's strategy of district-scale exploration near infrastructure in established mining camps. A PEA was completed for Sleeper and announced on July 30, 2012.

Safe Harbor for Forward-Looking Statements:
This release and related documents may include "forward-looking statements" including, but not limited to, statements related to the anticipated benefits of (and timing of the transactions contemplated by) the Merger Agreement, the SpinCo transaction, and the royalty transaction. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical fact and are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties which could cause actual events to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements including fluctuations in the price of gold, inability to complete drill programs on time and on budget, and future financing ability. Paramount’s future expectations, beliefs, goals, plans or prospects constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other applicable securities laws. Words such as "believes," "plans," "anticipates," "expects," "estimates" and similar expressions should also be considered to be forward-looking statements. There are a number of important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to: uncertainties involving interpretation of drilling results, environmental matters, lack of ability to obtain required permitting, equipment breakdown or disruptions, and the other factors described in Paramount’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2014 and its most recent quarterly reports filed with the SEC.

Except as required by applicable law, Paramount disclaims any intention or obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of developments occurring after the date of this document.
 

Additional Information
The joint proxy statement included in the registration statement on Form S-4 that Coeur plans to file with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and that Paramount will mail to its stockholders will contain information about Paramount, the San Miguel Project, Coeur, the Merger Agreement and related matters. Stockholders are urged to read the joint proxy statement carefully when it is available, as it will contain important information that stockholders should consider before making a decision about the Merger. In addition to receiving the joint proxy statement from Paramount by mail, stockholders will also be able to obtain the joint proxy statement, as well as other filings containing information about Paramount and Coeur, without charge, from the SEC's website (www.sec.gov) or, without charge, from Paramount at the telephone number and address below. This announcement is neither a solicitation of a proxy, an offer to purchase, nor a solicitation of an offer to sell shares of Paramount. Paramount and its executive officers and directors may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from Paramount's stockholders with respect to the proposed merger. Information regarding any interests that Paramount's executive officers and directors may have in the merger will be set forth in the joint proxy statement.

Copies of the Merger Agreement and certain related documents will be filed by Paramount on Form 8-K with the SEC and will be available at the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.

Paramount Gold and Silver Corp.
Christopher Crupi, CEO
Chris Theodossiou, Investor Relations
665 Anderson Street, Winnemucca, NV, 89445
866-481-2233
 
 

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