NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
OF CENTENNIAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, INC.
To Be Held On , 2017
To the Stockholders of Centennial Resource Development, Inc.:
NOTICE
IS HEREBY GIVEN that the special meeting of stockholders of Centennial Resource Development, Inc. (the "Company," "we," "our" or "us") will be held at
a.m., local time, on , 2017, at the Company's
principal executive offices located at 1401 Seventeenth Street, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80202 for the
following purposes:
1. The
NASDAQ ProposalTo consider and vote upon a proposal to approve, for purposes of complying with applicable listing rules of The NASDAQ Capital Market, the
issuance of 26,100,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the "Class A Common Stock"), upon the conversion of 104,400 shares of our Series B
Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, issued and sold to affiliates of Riverstone Investment Group LLC (together with its affiliates, "Riverstone") in private placements (the
"Silverback Acquisition Private Placements"), the proceeds of which were used to fund a portion of the cash consideration for the acquisition of the leasehold interests and related upstream assets of
Silverback Exploration, LLC and Silverback Operating, LLC (the "NASDAQ Proposal").
2. The
Adjournment ProposalTo consider and vote upon a proposal to approve the adjournment of the special meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary or
appropriate, to permit further solicitation and vote of proxies if there are insufficient votes for, or otherwise in connection with, the approval of the NASDAQ Proposal (the "Adjournment Proposal"
and, together with the NASDAQ Proposal, the "Proposals").
Only
holders of record of shares of Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (together with the Class A Common Stock, the "Common
Stock") at the close of business on , 2017 are entitled to notice of the special meeting and to vote at the special meeting and any
adjournments or postponements thereof. Holders of
shares of Class A Common Stock issued and sold in the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements are not entitled to vote such shares at the special meeting. A complete list of the Company's
stockholders of record entitled to vote at the special meeting will be available for ten days before the special meeting at the Company's principal executive offices for inspection by stockholders
during ordinary business hours for any purpose germane to the special meeting. As of the record date, Riverstone held % of the shares of Class A Common Stock and Class C
Common Stock entitled to vote at the special meeting and will be able to control the outcome of the vote on the Proposals.
Your
attention is directed to the proxy statement accompanying this notice (including the annexes thereto) for a more complete description of each of the Proposals. We encourage you to
read this proxy statement carefully. If you have any questions or need assistance voting your shares, please call our proxy solicitor, Morrow Sodali, at (877) 787-9239 (banks and brokers call
collect at (203) 658-9400).
Table of Contents
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, 2017
By Order of the Board of Directors
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Mark G. Papa
Chief Executive Officer and Director
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Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Special Meeting of Stockholders to be held on ,
2017:
This notice of meeting and the related proxy statement will be available at .
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents
CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this proxy statement to:
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"AMI" are to the area of mutual interest pursuant to which certain parties can elect to purchase up to 80.75% of 11,694 net acres acquired in
the Silverback Acquisition.
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"Business Combination" are to our acquisition of approximately 89% of the outstanding membership interests in CRP from the Centennial
Contributors, which closed on October 11, 2016, and the other transactions contemplated by the Contribution Agreement;
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"Celero" are to Celero Energy Company, LP, a Delaware limited partnership;
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"Centennial Contributors" are to CRD, NGP Follow-On and Celero, collectively;
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The "Company," "we," "our" or "us" are to (a) Centennial Resource Development, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including CRP,
following the closing of the Business Combination and (b) Silver Run Acquisition Corporation prior to the closing of the Business Combination;
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"Class A Common Stock" are to our Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share;
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"Class C Common Stock" are to our Class C Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, which were issued to the Centennial
Contributors in connection with the Business Combination;
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"Common Stock" or "voting common stock" are to our Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock;
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"Contribution Agreement" are to the Contribution Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2016, among the Centennial Contributors, CRP and NewCo,
as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto, dated as of July 29, 2016, and the Joinder Agreement, dated as of October 7, 2016, by the Company;
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"Conversion Shares" are to the 26,100,000 shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of Series B
Preferred Stock issued in the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements;
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"CRD" are to Centennial Resource Development, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company;
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"CRP" are to Centennial Resource Production, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company;
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"IPO" are to our initial public offering of units, which closed on February 29, 2016;
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"NewCo" are to New Centennial, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company controlled by affiliates of Riverstone;
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"NGP Follow-On" are to NGP Centennial Follow-On LLC, a Delaware limited liability company;
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"Private Placement Warrants" are to our 8,000,000 outstanding warrants, which were purchased by our Sponsor in a private placement
simultaneously with the closing of our IPO;
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"Public Warrants" are to our 16,666,643 outstanding warrants, which were sold as part of the Units in our IPO;
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"Riverstone" are to Riverstone Investment Group LLC and its affiliates, including our Sponsor, collectively;
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"Riverstone Purchasers" are to Riverstone VI Centennial QB Holdings, L.P., Riverstone Non-ECI USRPI AIV, L.P. and REL US
Centennial Holdings, LLC, which are affiliates of Riverstone;
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"Series B Preferred Stock" are to our Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share;
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Table of Contents
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"Silverback Acquisition" are to our acquisition of the leasehold interests and related upstream assets of Silverback Exploration, LLC
and Silverback Operating, LLC, which closed on December 28, 2016;
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"Silverback Acquisition Private Placements" are to the issuance and sale in private placements of (i) 3,473,590 shares of Class A
Common Stock and 104,400 shares of Series B Preferred Stock to the Riverstone Purchasers and (ii) 33,012,380 shares of our Class A Common Stock to certain other investors, which
closed simultaneously with the consummation of the Silverback Acquisition;
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"Sponsor" are to our sponsor, Silver Run Sponsor, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of Riverstone;
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"Units" are to our units sold in our IPO, each of which consisted of one share of Class A Common Stock and one-third of one Public
Warrant; and
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"Warrants" are to the Private Placement Warrants and the Public Warrants.
For
additional defined terms commonly used in the oil and natural gas industry and used in this proxy statement, please see "Glossary of Oil and Natural Gas Terms" set forth in
Annex E
.
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Table of Contents
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE PROPOSALS
The following questions and answers briefly address some commonly asked questions about the proposals to be presented at
the special meeting of stockholders of Centennial Resource Development, Inc. (the "Company," "we," "our" or "us"). The following questions and answers do not include all the information that is
important to Company stockholders. We urge Company stockholders to read carefully this entire proxy statement, including the annexes and other documents referred to
herein.
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Q:
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Why am I receiving this proxy statement?
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A:
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The Company's stockholders are being asked to consider and vote upon, among other things, a proposal to approve, for
purposes of complying with applicable listing rules of The NASDAQ Capital Market (the "NASDAQ"), the issuance of 26,100,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the
"Class A Common Stock" and such shares, the "Conversion Shares"), upon the conversion of 104,400 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the "Series B
Preferred Stock"), issued and sold to certain affiliates of Riverstone Investment Group LLC (together with its affiliates, "Riverstone" and the purchasers of the Series B Preferred
Stock, the "Riverstone Purchasers") in private placements (the "Silverback Acquisition Private Placements"), the proceeds of which were used to fund a portion of the cash consideration for the
acquisition of the leasehold interests and related upstream assets of Silverback Exploration, LLC and Silverback Operating, LLC (the "Silverback Acquisition").
This
proxy statement and its annexes contain important information about the proposals to be acted upon at the special meeting. You should read this proxy statement and its annexes carefully and in
their entirety.
Your
vote is important. You are encouraged to submit your proxy as soon as possible after carefully reviewing this proxy statement and its annexes.
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Q:
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What is being voted on at the special meeting?
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A:
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Below are the proposals on which the Company's stockholders will vote at the special meeting.
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1.
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The
NASDAQ ProposalTo approve, for purposes of complying with applicable listing rules of the NASDAQ, the issuance of the Conversion Shares (the "NASDAQ
Proposal").
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2.
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The
Adjournment ProposalTo approve the adjournment of the special meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary or appropriate, to permit further
solicitation and vote of proxies if there are insufficient votes for, or otherwise in connection with, the approval of the NASDAQ Proposal (the "Adjournment Proposal" and, together with the NASDAQ
Proposal, the "Proposals"). The Adjournment Proposal will only be presented at the special meeting if there are not sufficient votes to approve the NASDAQ Proposal.
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Q:
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Are the Proposals conditioned on one another?
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A:
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No. Neither the NASDAQ Proposal nor the Adjournment Proposal is conditioned on the approval of the other Proposal.
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Q:
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Why is the Company providing stockholders with the opportunity to vote on the conversion of the Series B Preferred
Stock?
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A:
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The Company is proposing the NASDAQ Proposal in order to comply with NASDAQ Listing Rules, which require stockholder
approval of certain transactions that result in the issuance of 20% or more of a company's outstanding voting power or shares of common stock outstanding before the issuance of stock or securities. In
connection with the Silverback Acquisition Private
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Placements,
the Company issued an aggregate of 36,485,970 shares of Class A Common Stock, representing 19.9% of the shares of Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock, par
value $0.0001 (the "Class C Common Stock" and, together with the Class A Common Stock, the "Common Stock") outstanding prior to the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements. The
issuance of the Conversion Shares upon the conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock issued in the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements, representing an additional 14.2% of the shares of
Common Stock outstanding prior to the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements, is therefore subject to stockholder approval under NASDAQ Rule 5635 (d). See the section entitled "Proposal
No. 1The NASDAQ Proposal" for additional information.
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Q:
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What is the relationship between the Company, Riverstone and the Riverstone Purchasers?
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A:
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As of the date hereof, Riverstone and its affiliates are the holders of shares of Class A Common Stock and
Series B Preferred Stock representing a 54.2% economic interest and a 44.0% voting interest in the Company. As of the record date, the shares of Class A Common Stock owned by Riverstone
that are entitled to vote at the special meeting represented % of the shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the special meeting. Riverstone also owns all of our outstanding Private
Placement Warrants. The Riverstone Purchasers are investment funds managed or controlled by Riverstone.
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Q:
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What equity stake will the Company's public stockholders, Riverstone and the Centennial Contributors hold in the Company if the NASDAQ
Proposal approving the conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock is approved?
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A:
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It is anticipated that, if the NASDAQ Proposal is approved and upon the conversion of the Series B Preferred
Stock approved thereby, the ownership of the Company will be as follows:
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public stockholders will own 103,976,459 shares of our Class A Common Stock, representing a 45.82% economic interest and a 42.25% voting
interest;
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Riverstone will own 122,958,590 shares of our Class A Common Stock, representing a 54.18% economic interest and a 49.96% voting
interest;
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the Centennial Contributors will own 19,155,921 shares of our Class C Common Stock, representing a 0% economic interest and a 7.78%
voting interest; and
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CRD will own one share of our Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, representing a 0% economic interest and limited
voting interest.
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Q:
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What happens if I sell my shares of Class A Common Stock before the special meeting?
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A:
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The record date for the special meeting is , 2017. If you transfer your shares of Common Stock after
the record date, but before the special meeting, unless the transferee obtains from you a proxy to vote those shares, you will retain your right to vote at the special meeting. If you transfer your
shares of Common Stock prior to the record date, you will have no right to vote those shares at the special meeting.
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Q:
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What vote is required to approve the Proposals presented at the special meeting?
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A:
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Approval of the NASDAQ Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal requires the affirmative vote (in person or by proxy) of
the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock, voting as a single class, entitled to vote and actually cast thereon at the
special meeting. The holders of shares of Class A Common Stock issued in the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements are not entitled to vote such shares in favor of the NASDAQ Proposal and
will not be considered in determining the number of shares that
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constitutes
a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. As of the record date, Riverstone held % of the shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the special meeting and will
be able to control the outcome of the vote on the Proposals. Riverstone has advised the Company that it intends to vote all of the shares of Common Stock held by it in favor of each of the Proposals
at the special meeting.
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Q:
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How many votes do I have at the special meeting?
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A:
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Each of the Company's stockholders is entitled to one vote at the special meeting for each share of Common Stock
(other than shares of Class A Common Stock issued in the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements) held of record as of , 2017, the record date for the special meeting. As
of
the close of business on the record date, there were outstanding shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the special meeting.
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Q:
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What constitutes a quorum at the special meeting?
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A:
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Holders of a majority in voting power of Common Stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the special
meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, constitute a quorum. Because shares of Class A Common Stock issued in the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements are not entitled to vote
at the special meeting, they are not counted for purposes of determining the holders that constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum, the chairman of the meeting has the power to adjourn the
special meeting. As of the record date for the special meeting, shares of Common Stock would be required to achieve a quorum.
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Q:
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What interests do the current officers and directors have in the NASDAQ Proposal?
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A:
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In considering the recommendation of our board of directors to approve the NASDAQ Proposal, stockholders should be
aware that several of our directors have relationships with Riverstone. As of the record date, Riverstone owned approximately % of our Class A Common Stock,
% of our
voting stock and all of the outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock. If the NASDAQ Proposal is approved at our special meeting, Riverstone will receive shares of Class A Common
Stock upon the automatic conversion of its shares of Series B Preferred Stock. See the section entitled "Proposal No. 1The NASDAQ ProposalInterests of Certain
Persons in the NASDAQ Proposal" for additional information.
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Q:
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Do I have appraisal rights if I vote against the NASDAQ Proposal?
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A:
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No. There are no appraisal rights available to holders of Common Stock in connection with the NASDAQ Proposal.
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Q:
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What do I need to do now?
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A:
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You are urged to read carefully and consider the information contained in this proxy statement, including "Risk
Factors" and the annexes, and to consider how the Proposals will affect you as a stockholder. You should then vote as soon as possible in accordance with the instructions provided in this proxy
statement and on the enclosed proxy card or, if you hold your shares through a brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, on the voting instruction form provided by the broker, bank or nominee.
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Q:
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How do I vote?
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A:
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If you were a holder of record of Common Stock (other than shares of Class A Common Stock issued in the
Silverback Acquisition Private Placements) on , 2017, the record date for the special meeting of Company stockholders, you may vote with respect to the
proposals in person at
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the
special meeting or by completing signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope provided. If you hold your shares in "street name," which means your shares are
held of record by a broker, bank or other nominee, you should follow the instructions provided by your broker, bank or nominee to ensure that votes related to the shares you beneficially own are
properly counted. In this regard, you must provide the record holder of your shares with instructions on how to vote your shares or, if you wish to attend the special meeting and vote in person,
obtain a proxy from your broker, bank or nominee.
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Q:
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What will happen if I abstain from voting or fail to vote at the special meeting?
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A:
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At the special meeting, the Company will count a properly executed proxy marked "ABSTAIN" with respect to a particular
proposal as present for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present. For purposes of approval, failure to vote or an abstention will have no effect on the NASDAQ Proposal or the Adjournment
Proposal.
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Q:
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What will happen if I sign and submit my proxy card without indicating how I wish to vote?
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A:
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Signed and dated proxies received by the Company without an indication of how the stockholder intends to vote on a
proposal will be voted "FOR" each Proposal presented to the stockholders.
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Q:
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If I am not going to attend the special meeting in person, should I submit my proxy card instead?
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A:
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Yes. Whether you plan to attend the special meeting or not, please read the enclosed proxy statement carefully, and
vote your shares by completing, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope provided.
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Q:
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If my shares are held in "street name," will my broker, bank or nominee automatically vote my shares for
me?
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A:
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No. Under the rules of various national and regional securities exchanges, your broker, bank, or nominee cannot vote
your shares with respect to non-discretionary matters unless you provide instructions on how to vote in accordance with the information and procedures provided to you by your broker, bank, or nominee.
The Company believes the Proposals presented to the stockholders will be considered non-discretionary and therefore your broker, bank, or nominee cannot vote your shares without your instruction. Your
broker, bank or nominee can vote your shares only if you provide instructions on how to vote. You should instruct your broker, bank or nominee to vote your shares in accordance with directions you
provide.
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Q:
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May I change my vote after I have submitted my executed proxy card?
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A:
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Yes. You may change your vote by sending a later-dated, signed proxy card to the Company's secretary at the address
listed below so that it is received by our secretary prior to the special meeting or attend the special meeting in person and vote. You also may revoke your proxy by sending a notice of revocation to
the Company's secretary, which must be received prior to the special meeting.
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Q:
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What should I do if I receive more than one set of voting materials?
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A:
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You may receive more than one set of voting materials, including multiple copies of this proxy statement and multiple
proxy cards or voting instruction cards. For example, if you hold your shares in more than one brokerage account, you will receive a separate voting instruction card for each brokerage account in
which you hold shares. If you are a holder of record and your shares are registered in more than one name, you will receive more than one proxy card. Please complete, sign, date and return each proxy
card and voting instruction card that you receive in order to cast your vote with respect to all of your shares.
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Q:
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Who can help answer my questions?
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A:
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If you have questions about the Proposals or if you need additional copies of the proxy statement or the enclosed
proxy card you should contact:
Centennial
Resource Development, Inc.
1401 Seventeenth Street, Suite 1000
Denver, Colorado 80202
Attention: Secretary
Morrow
Sodali LLC
470 West Avenue
Stamford, Connecticut 06902
Stockholders please call: (877) 787-9239
Banks and Brokers please call: (203) 658-9400
Email: CDEV.info@morrowsodali.com
To
obtain timely delivery, our stockholders must request the materials no later than five (5) business days prior to the special meeting.
You
may also obtain additional information about the Company from documents filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") by following the instructions in the section
entitled "Where You Can Find More Information."
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Q:
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Who will solicit and pay the cost of soliciting proxies?
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A:
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The Company will pay the cost of soliciting proxies for the special meeting. The Company has engaged Morrow Sodali
("Morrow Sodali"), to assist in the solicitation of proxies for the special meeting. The Company has agreed to pay Morrow Sodali a fee of $6,500, plus disbursements. The Company will reimburse Morrow
Sodali for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses and will indemnify Morrow Sodali and its affiliates against certain claims, liabilities, losses, damages and expenses. The Company will also reimburse
banks, brokers and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries representing beneficial owners of shares of Class A Common Stock for their expenses in forwarding soliciting materials to
beneficial owners of Class A Common Stock and in obtaining voting instructions from those owners. Our directors, officers and employees may also solicit proxies by telephone, by facsimile, by
mail, on the Internet or in person. They will not be paid any additional amounts for soliciting proxies.
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SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following table shows selected historical financial information of Centennial Resource Production, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company ("CRP"), our accounting predecessor, for the periods and as of the dates indicated. For all periods ending on or prior to and all dates as of or prior to October 15, 2014, the date on
which Celero conveyed all of its oil and natural gas properties to CRP, the following table reflects the combined results of CRP and Celero, and for all periods and dates subsequent to
October 15, 2014, reflects the results of CRP.
The
selected historical consolidated and combined financial information of CRP as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 was derived from the audited
historical consolidated and combined financial statements of CRP included elsewhere in this proxy statement. The selected historical interim consolidated financial information of CRP as of
September 30, 2016 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 was derived from the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of CRP included elsewhere
in this proxy statement.
CRP's
historical results are not necessarily indicative of future operating results. The selected consolidated and combined financial information should be read in conjunction with
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the historical
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consolidated
and combined financial statements of CRP and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement.
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Nine Months Ended
September 30,
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Year Ended December 31,
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2016
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2015
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2015
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2014
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2013
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(Unaudited)
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(in thousands)
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Statement of Operations Data:
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Revenues:
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Oil sales
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$
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56,975
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$
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59,068
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$
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77,643
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$
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114,955
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$
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65,863
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Natural gas sales
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5,717
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6,082
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7,965
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9,670
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3,024
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NGL sales
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3,097
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3,590
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4,852
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7,200
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3,087
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Total revenues
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65,789
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68,740
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90,460
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131,825
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71,974
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Operating expenses:
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Lease operating expenses
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10,295
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17,317
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21,173
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17,690
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19,106
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Severance and ad valorem taxes
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3,523
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3,833
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5,021
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6,875
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4,153
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Transportation, processing, gathering and other operating expenses
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4,375
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4,352
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5,732
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4,772
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1,291
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Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion of asset retirement obligations
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60,939
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64,003
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90,084
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69,110
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29,285
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Abandonment expense and impairment of unproved properties
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2,546
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3,851
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7,619
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20,025
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8,561
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Exploration
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84
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Contract termination and rig stacking
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2,388
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2,387
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General and administrative expenses
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10,655
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8,538
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14,206
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31,694
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16,842
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Total operating expenses
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92,333
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104,282
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146,306
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150,166
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79,238
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss (gain) on sale of oil and natural gas properties
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
(2,688
|
)
|
|
(2,439
|
)
|
|
2,096
|
|
|
(16,756
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating (loss) income
|
|
|
(26,533
|
)
|
|
(32,854
|
)
|
|
(53,407
|
)
|
|
(20,437
|
)
|
|
9,492
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(5,422
|
)
|
|
(4,743
|
)
|
|
(6,266
|
)
|
|
(2,475
|
)
|
|
(513
|
)
|
(Loss) gain on derivatives instruments
|
|
|
(4,184
|
)
|
|
12,320
|
|
|
20,756
|
|
|
41,943
|
|
|
(4,410
|
)
|
Other income
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
20
|
|
|
281
|
|
|
122
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other (expense) income
|
|
|
(9,600
|
)
|
|
7,572
|
|
|
14,510
|
|
|
39,749
|
|
|
(4,801
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income before taxes
|
|
|
(36,133
|
)
|
|
(25,282
|
)
|
|
(38,897
|
)
|
|
19,312
|
|
|
4,691
|
|
Income tax benefit (expense)(2)
|
|
|
406
|
|
|
|
|
|
572
|
|
|
(1,524
|
)
|
|
(1,079
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
|
(35,727
|
)
|
|
(25,282
|
)
|
|
(38,325
|
)
|
|
17,788
|
|
|
3,612
|
|
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
(6
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
$
|
(35,727
|
)
|
$
|
(25,282
|
)
|
$
|
(38,325
|
)
|
$
|
17,790
|
|
$
|
3,618
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash Flow Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
$
|
51,511
|
|
$
|
48,474
|
|
$
|
68,882
|
|
$
|
97,248
|
|
$
|
13,416
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(100,975
|
)
|
|
(171,316
|
)
|
|
(198,635
|
)
|
|
(163,380
|
)
|
|
(136,517
|
)
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
48,106
|
|
|
110,219
|
|
|
118,504
|
|
|
36,966
|
|
|
118,742
|
|
Other Financial Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDAX(1)
|
|
$
|
53,570
|
|
$
|
60,667
|
|
$
|
82,279
|
|
$
|
88,108
|
|
$
|
18,059
|
|
7
Table of Contents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
September 30,
2016
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
410
|
|
$
|
1,768
|
|
$
|
13,017
|
|
$
|
42,183
|
|
Cash held in escrow
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,000
|
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
12,840
|
|
|
32,377
|
|
|
54,329
|
|
|
19,132
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
13,250
|
|
|
34,145
|
|
|
67,346
|
|
|
66,315
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total property and equipment, net
|
|
|
619,375
|
|
|
578,787
|
|
|
540,624
|
|
|
357,541
|
|
Other long-term assets
|
|
|
1,287
|
|
|
3,363
|
|
|
7,799
|
|
|
48,229
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
633,912
|
|
$
|
616,295
|
|
$
|
615,769
|
|
$
|
472,085
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
$
|
24,822
|
|
$
|
22,133
|
|
$
|
103,512
|
|
$
|
46,169
|
|
Revolving credit facility
|
|
|
124,000
|
|
|
74,000
|
|
|
65,000
|
|
|
29,000
|
|
Term loan, net of unamortized deferred financing costs
|
|
|
64,762
|
|
|
64,649
|
|
|
64,568
|
|
|
|
|
Other long-term liabilities
|
|
|
5,191
|
|
|
4,649
|
|
|
4,757
|
|
|
6,369
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
218,775
|
|
|
165,431
|
|
|
237,837
|
|
|
81,538
|
|
Owners' equity
|
|
|
415,137
|
|
|
450,864
|
|
|
377,932
|
|
|
389,859
|
|
Noncontrolling interest in unconsolidated subsidiary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
688
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and owners' equity
|
|
$
|
633,912
|
|
$
|
616,295
|
|
$
|
615,769
|
|
$
|
472,085
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
(1)
-
Adjusted
EBITDAX is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a definition of Adjusted EBITDAX and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDAX to net income, see
"Non-GAAP Financial Measure" below.
-
(2)
-
The
Company is a C-corp under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and, as a result, is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes. Although CRP
is subject to franchise tax in the State of Texas (at less than 1% of modified pre-tax earnings), as a partnership, it generally passes through its taxable income to its owners for other income tax
purposes and is not subject to U.S. federal income taxes or other state or local income taxes.
Non-GAAP Financial Measure
Adjusted EBITDAX is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure that is used by our management and external users of our financial statements,
such as industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies. We define Adjusted EBITDAX as net income (loss) before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, depletion and amortization and
accretion of asset retirement obligations, abandonment expense and impairment of unproved properties, (gains) losses on derivatives excluding net cash receipts (payments) on settled derivatives,
non-cash equity based compensation, gains and losses from the sale of assets and other non-cash and non-recurring operating items. Adjusted EBITDAX is not a measure of net income as determined by
United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP").
Our
management believes Adjusted EBITDAX is useful because it allows them to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to
period and against our peers without regard to our financing methods or capital structure. We exclude the items listed above from net income in arriving at Adjusted EBITDAX because these amounts can
vary substantially from company to company within our industry depending upon accounting methods and book values of assets, capital structures and the method by which the assets were acquired.
Adjusted EBITDAX should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income as
8
Table of Contents
determined
in accordance with GAAP or as an indicator of our operating performance or liquidity. Certain items excluded from Adjusted EBITDAX are significant components in understanding and assessing
a company's financial performance, such as a company's cost of capital and tax structure, as well as the historic costs of depreciable assets, none of which are components of Adjusted EBITDAX. Our
presentation of Adjusted EBITDAX should not be construed as an inference that our results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our computations of Adjusted EBITDAX may not be
comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.
The
following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDAX to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Adjusted EBITDAX reconciliation to net income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
$
|
(35,727
|
)
|
$
|
(25,282
|
)
|
$
|
(38,325
|
)
|
$
|
17,790
|
|
$
|
3,618
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
5,422
|
|
|
4,743
|
|
|
6,266
|
|
|
2,475
|
|
|
513
|
|
Income tax (benefit) expense
|
|
|
(406
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
(572
|
)
|
|
1,524
|
|
|
1,079
|
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization and accretion of asset retirement obligations
|
|
|
60,939
|
|
|
64,003
|
|
|
90,084
|
|
|
69,110
|
|
|
29,285
|
|
Abandonment expense and impairment of unproved properties
|
|
|
2,546
|
|
|
3,851
|
|
|
7,619
|
|
|
20,025
|
|
|
8,561
|
|
Loss (gain) on derivatives
|
|
|
4,184
|
|
|
(12,320
|
)
|
|
(20,756
|
)
|
|
(41,943
|
)
|
|
4,410
|
|
Net cash received for derivative settlements
|
|
|
16,623
|
|
|
25,972
|
|
|
36,430
|
|
|
4,611
|
|
|
(12,651
|
)
|
Noncash incentive compensation expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,420
|
|
|
|
|
Contract termination and rig stacking
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,388
|
|
|
2,387
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Write-off of deferred offering costs(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,585
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss (gain) on sale of oil and natural gas properties
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
(2,688
|
)
|
|
(2,439
|
)
|
|
2,096
|
|
|
(16,756
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDAX
|
|
$
|
53,570
|
|
$
|
60,667
|
|
$
|
82,279
|
|
$
|
88,108
|
|
$
|
18,059
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
(1)
-
During
the year ended December 31, 2015, CRP delayed the timing of its initial public offering and, as a result, deferred offering costs of
$1.6 million were charged against earnings.
9
Table of Contents
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this proxy statement constitute "forward-looking statements." All statements, other than statements of historical fact
included in this proxy statement, regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are
forward-looking statements. When used in this proxy statement, the words "could," "believe," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "expect," "project" and similar expressions are intended to identify
forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. These forward-looking statements are based on management's current expectations and assumptions
about future events and are based on currently available information as to the outcome and timing of future events. When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk
factors and other cautionary statements described under the heading "Risk Factors."
Forward-looking
statements may include statements about:
-
-
our business strategy;
-
-
our reserves;
-
-
our drilling prospects, inventories, projects and programs;
-
-
our ability to replace the reserves we produce through drilling and property acquisitions;
-
-
our financial strategy, liquidity and capital required for our development program;
-
-
our realized oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGL") prices;
-
-
the timing and amount of our future production of oil, natural gas and NGLs;
-
-
our hedging strategy and results;
-
-
our future drilling plans;
-
-
our competition and government regulations;
-
-
our ability to obtain permits and governmental approvals;
-
-
our pending legal or environmental matters;
-
-
our marketing of oil, natural gas and NGLs;
-
-
our leasehold or business acquisitions;
-
-
our costs of developing our properties;
-
-
general economic conditions;
-
-
credit markets;
-
-
uncertainty regarding our future operating results; and
-
-
our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions contained in this proxy statement that are not historical.
We
caution you that these forward-looking statements are subject to all of the risks and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control,
incident to the development, production, gathering and sale of oil and natural gas. These risks include, but are not limited to, commodity price volatility, inflation, lack of availability of drilling
and production equipment and services, environmental risks, drilling and other operating risks, regulatory changes, the uncertainty inherent in estimating reserves and in projecting future rates of
production, cash flow and
10
Table of Contents
access
to capital, the timing of development expenditures and the other risks described under the heading "Risk Factors."
Reserve
engineering is a process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact way. The accuracy of any reserve estimate depends on
the quality of available data, the interpretation of such data and price and cost assumptions made by reserve engineers. In addition, the results of drilling, testing and production activities may
justify revisions of estimates that were made previously. If significant, such revisions would change the schedule of any further production and development drilling. Accordingly, reserve estimates
may differ significantly from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered.
Should
one or more of the risks or uncertainties described in this proxy statement occur, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results and plans could differ
materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements.
All
forward-looking statements, expressed or implied, included in this proxy statement are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. This cautionary statement
should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that we or persons acting on our behalf may issue.
Except
as otherwise required by applicable law, we disclaim any duty to update any forward-looking statements, all of which are expressly qualified by the statements in this section, to
reflect events or circumstances after the date of this proxy statement.
11
Table of Contents
RISK FACTORS
The following risk factors are not exhaustive and investors are encouraged to perform their own investigation with
respect to our business, financial condition and prospects. You should carefully consider the following risk factors in addition to the other information included in this proxy statement, including
matters addressed in the section entitled "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements." We may face additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us, or that we
currently deem immaterial, which may also impair our business or financial condition. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes to the financial
statements included herein.
Risks Related to Our Business
Our only significant asset is our ownership of an approximate 92% membership interest in CRP. Distributions
from CRP may not be sufficient to allow us to pay any dividends on our Class A Common Stock or satisfy our other financial obligations.
We have no direct operations and no significant assets other than the ownership of an approximate 92% membership interest in CRP. We will depend
on CRP for distributions, loans and other payments to generate the funds necessary to meet our financial obligations or to pay any dividends with respect to our Class A Common Stock. Subject to
certain restrictions, CRP generally will be required to (i) make pro rata distributions to its members, including us, in an amount at least sufficient to allow us to pay our taxes and
(ii) reimburse us for certain corporate and other overhead expenses. However, legal and contractual restrictions in agreements governing future indebtedness of CRP, as well as the financial
condition and operating requirements of CRP may limit our ability to obtain cash from CRP. The earnings from, or other available assets of, CRP may not be sufficient to pay dividends or make
distributions or loans to enable us to pay any dividends on our Class A Common Stock or satisfy our other financial obligations.
Oil, natural gas and NGL prices are volatile. A sustained decline in oil, natural gas and NGL prices could
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to meet our capital expenditure obligations and financial commitments.
The prices we receive for our oil, natural gas and NGLs production heavily influence our revenue, profitability, access to capital, future rate
of growth and carrying value of our properties. Oil, natural gas and NGLs are commodities, and their prices may fluctuate widely in response to relatively minor changes in the supply of and demand for
oil, natural gas and NGLs and market uncertainty. Historically, oil, natural gas and NGL prices have been volatile. For example, during the period from January 1, 2014 through
November 1, 2016, the WTI spot price for oil has declined from a high of $107.62 per Bbl on July 23, 2014 to $26.21 per Bbl on February 11, 2016, and the Henry Hub spot price for
natural gas has declined from a high of $7.92 per MMBtu on March 4, 2014 to a low of $1.49 per MMBtu on March 4, 2016. Likewise, NGLs, which are made up of ethane, propane, isobutene,
normal butane and natural gasoline, all of which have different uses and different pricing characteristics, have suffered significant recent declines in realized prices. The prices we receive for our
production, and the levels of our production, depend on numerous factors beyond our control, which include the following:
-
-
worldwide and regional economic conditions impacting the global supply and demand for oil, natural gas and NGLs;
-
-
the price and quantity of foreign imports of oil, natural gas and NGLs;
-
-
political and economic conditions in or affecting other producing regions or countries, including the Middle East, Africa, South America and
Russia;
12
Table of Contents
-
-
actions of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries ("OPEC"), its members and other state-controlled oil companies relating to oil
price and production controls;
-
-
the level of global exploration, development and production;
-
-
the level of global inventories;
-
-
prevailing prices on local price indexes in the area in which we operate;
-
-
the proximity, capacity, cost and availability of gathering and transportation facilities;
-
-
localized and global supply and demand fundamentals and transportation availability;
-
-
the cost of exploring for, developing, producing and transporting reserves;
-
-
weather conditions and other natural disasters;
-
-
technological advances affecting energy consumption;
-
-
the price and availability of alternative fuels;
-
-
expectations about future commodity prices; and
-
-
U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. governmental regulation and taxes.
In
the second half of 2014, oil prices began a rapid and significant decline as the global oil supply began to outpace demand. During 2015 and 2016, the global oil supply has continued
to outpace demand, resulting in continuing lower realized prices for oil production. In general, this imbalance between supply and demand reflects the significant supply growth achieved in the United
States as a result of shale drilling and oil production increases by certain other countries, including Russia and Saudi Arabia, as part of an effort to retain market share, combined with only modest
demand growth in the United States and less-than-expected demand in other parts of the world, particularly in Europe and China. Although there has been a dramatic decrease in drilling activity in the
industry, oil storage levels in the United States remain at historically high levels. Until supply and demand balance and the overhang in storage levels begin to decline, prices are expected to remain
under pressure. In addition, the lifting of economic sanctions on Iran has resulted in increasing supplies of oil from Iran, adding further downward pressure to oil prices. NGL prices generally
correlate to the price of oil. Also adversely affecting the price for NGLs is the supply of NGLs in the United States, which has continued to grow due to an increase in industry participants targeting
projects that produce NGLs in recent years. Prices for domestic natural gas began to decline during the third quarter of 2014 and have continued to be weak throughout 2015 and in 2016. The declines in
natural gas prices are primarily due to an imbalance between supply and demand across North America. The duration and magnitude of the commodity price declines cannot be accurately predicted. Compared
to 2014, our realized oil price for 2015 fell 47.3% to $42.43 per barrel, and our realized oil price for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 has further decreased to $37.48 per barrel.
Similarly, our realized natural gas price for 2015 dropped 43.2% to $2.60 per Mcf and our realized price for NGLs declined 52.2% to $14.66 per barrel. For the nine months ended September 30,
2016, our realized price for natural gas was $2.24 per Mcf and our realized price for NGLs was $12.80 per barrel.
In
addition, other governmental actions, including initiatives by OPEC, may continue to impact oil prices. Furthermore, it is uncertain what impact the election of Donald Trump as
President of the United States will have on the exploration for and production of domestic oil, natural gas and NGLs. Decisions by OPEC to reduce production or increased domestic oil and natural gas
production in a changing regulatory environment could impact the price of oil.
Lower
commodity prices may reduce our cash flows and borrowing ability. If we are unable to obtain needed capital or financing on satisfactory terms, our ability to develop future
reserves could be adversely affected. Also, using lower prices in estimating proved reserves may result in a reduction in
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proved
reserve volumes due to economic limits. In addition, sustained periods with oil and natural gas prices at levels lower than current WTI or Henry Hub strip prices and the resultant effect such
prices may have on our drilling economics and our ability to raise capital may require us to re-evaluate and postpone or eliminate our development drilling, which could result in the reduction of some
of our proved undeveloped reserves and related standardized measure. If we are required to curtail our drilling program, we may be unable to continue to hold leases that are scheduled to expire, which
may further reduce our reserves. As a result, a substantial or extended decline in commodity prices may materially and adversely affect our future business, financial condition, results of operations,
liquidity and ability to finance planned capital expenditures.
Our development and acquisition projects require substantial capital expenditures. We may be unable to obtain
required capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which could lead to a decline in our ability to access or grow production and reserves.
The oil and natural gas industry is capital-intensive. We make and expect to continue to make substantial capital expenditures related to
development and acquisition projects. We have funded, and we expect that we will continue to fund, our capital expenditures with cash generated by operations and borrowings under CRP's revolving
credit facility; however, our financing needs may require us to alter or increase our capitalization substantially through the issuance of debt or equity securities or the sale of assets. The issuance
of additional indebtedness would require that a portion of our cash flow from operations be used for the payment of interest and principal on our indebtedness, thereby reducing our ability to use cash
flow from operations to fund working capital, capital expenditures and acquisitions. The actual amount and timing of our future capital expenditures may differ materially from our estimates as a
result of, among other things, oil, natural gas and NGL prices; actual drilling results; the availability of drilling rigs and other services and equipment; and regulatory, technological and
competitive developments. A reduction in commodity prices from current levels may result in a decrease in our actual capital expenditures, which would negatively impact our ability to grow production.
Our
cash flow from operations and access to capital are subject to a number of variables, including:
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the prices at which our production is sold;
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our proved reserves;
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the level of hydrocarbons we are able to produce from existing wells;
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our ability to acquire, locate and produce new reserves;
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the levels of our operating expenses; and
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CRP's ability to borrow under its revolving credit facility and the ability to access the capital markets.
If
our revenues or the borrowing base under CRP's revolving credit facility decrease as a result of lower oil, natural gas and NGL prices, operating difficulties, declines in reserves or
for any other reason, we may have limited ability to obtain the capital necessary to sustain our operations at current levels. If additional capital is needed, we may not be able to obtain debt or
equity financing on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If cash flow generated by our operations or available borrowings under CRP's revolving credit facility are not sufficient to meet our capital
requirements, the failure to obtain additional financing could result in a curtailment of our operations relating to development of our properties. This, in turn, could lead to a decline in our
reserves and production, and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Part of our strategy involves using some of the latest available horizontal drilling and completion
techniques, which involve risks and uncertainties in their application.
Our operations involve utilizing some of the latest drilling and completion techniques as developed by us and our service providers. Risks that
we face while drilling horizontal wells include the following:
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landing a wellbore in the desired drilling zone;
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staying in the desired drilling zone while drilling horizontally through the formation;
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running our casing the entire length of the wellbore; and
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being able to run tools and other equipment consistently through the horizontal wellbore.
Risks
that we face while completing wells include the following:
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the ability to fracture stimulate the planned number of stages;
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the ability to run tools the entire length of the wellbore during completion operations; and
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the ability to successfully clean out the wellbore after completion of the final fracture stimulation stage.
In
addition, certain of the new techniques we are adopting may cause irregularities or interruptions in production due to offset wells being shut in and the time required to drill and
complete multiple wells before any such wells begin producing. Furthermore, the results of our drilling in new or emerging formations are more uncertain initially than drilling results in areas that
are more developed and have a longer history of established production. Newer or emerging formations and areas have limited or no production history and, consequently, we are more limited in assessing
future drilling results in these areas. If our drilling results are less than anticipated, the return on our investment for a particular project may not be as attractive as anticipated, and we could
incur material write-downs of unevaluated properties and the value of our undeveloped acreage could decline in the future.
Drilling for and producing oil and natural gas are high risk activities with many uncertainties that could
adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our future financial condition and results of operations will depend on the success of our development, acquisition and production activities,
which are subject to numerous risks beyond our control, including the risk that drilling will not result in commercially viable oil and natural gas production.
Our
decisions to develop or purchase prospects or properties will depend in part on the evaluation of data obtained through geophysical and geological analyses, production data and
engineering studies, the results of which are often inconclusive or subject to varying interpretations. For a discussion of the uncertainty involved in these processes, see "Reserve
estimates depend on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and present
value of our reserves." In addition, our cost of drilling, completing and operating wells is often uncertain.
Further,
many factors may curtail, delay or cancel our scheduled drilling projects, including the following:
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delays imposed by or resulting from compliance with regulatory requirements, including limitations resulting from wastewater disposal, emission
of greenhouse gases ("GHGs") and limitations on hydraulic fracturing;
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pressure or irregularities in geological formations;
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shortages of or delays in obtaining equipment and qualified personnel or in obtaining water for hydraulic fracturing activities;
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equipment failures, accidents or other unexpected operational events;
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lack of available gathering facilities or delays in construction of gathering facilities;
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lack of available capacity on interconnecting transmission pipelines;
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adverse weather conditions;
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issues related to compliance with environmental regulations;
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environmental hazards, such as oil and natural gas leaks, oil spills, pipeline and tank ruptures and unauthorized discharges of brine, well
stimulation and completion fluids, toxic gases or other pollutants into the surface and subsurface environment;
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declines in oil and natural gas prices;
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limited availability of financing at acceptable terms;
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title problems; and
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limitations in the market for oil and natural gas.
The Silverback Acquisition involves risks associated with acquisitions and integrating acquired properties,
including the potential exposure to significant liabilities, and the intended benefits of the Silverback Acquisition may not be realized.
The Silverback Acquisition involves risks associated with acquisitions and integrating acquired properties into existing operations, including
that:
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our senior management's attention may be diverted from the management of daily operations to the integration of the properties acquired in the
Silverback Acquisition;
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we could incur significant unknown and contingent liabilities for which we have limited or no contractual remedies or insurance coverage;
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the properties acquired in the Silverback Acquisition may not perform as well as we anticipate;
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one or more parties may elect to exercise its rights under the AMI, resulting in us owning less acreage and having more cash on hand than we
currently anticipate;
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unexpected costs, delays and challenges may arise in integrating the properties acquired in the Silverback Acquisition into our existing
operations; and
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we may need to hire additional staff, devote additional resources and contract additional rigs to integrate the properties acquired in the the
Silverback Acquisition.
Even
if we successfully integrate the properties acquired in the Silverback Acquisition into our operations, it may not be possible to realize the full benefits we anticipate or we may
not realize these benefits within the expected timeframe. If we fail to realize the benefits we anticipate from the Silverback Acquisition, our business, results of operations and financial condition
may be adversely affected.
We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take
other actions to satisfy our obligations under applicable debt instruments, which may not be successful.
Our ability to make scheduled payments on or to refinance our indebtedness depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which
are subject to prevailing economic and
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competitive
conditions and certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. We may not be able to maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to
pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness.
If
our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures, sell assets, seek
additional capital or restructure or refinance indebtedness. Our ability to restructure or refinance our indebtedness will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at
such time. Any refinancing of indebtedness could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict business operations. The terms of
existing or future debt instruments may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. In addition, any failure to make payments of interest and principal on outstanding indebtedness on a
timely basis would likely result in a reduction of our credit rating, which could harm our ability to incur additional indebtedness. In the absence of sufficient cash flows and capital resources, we
could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet debt service and other obligations. CRP's credit agreement currently restricts our
ability to dispose of assets and our use of the proceeds from such disposition. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions, and the proceeds of any such disposition may not be adequate to
meet any debt service obligations then due. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet scheduled debt service obligations.
Restrictions in CRP's existing and future debt agreements could limit our growth and ability to engage in
certain activities.
CRP's credit agreement contains a number of significant covenants, including restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to, among other
things:
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incur additional indebtedness;
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make loans to others;
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make investments;
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merge or consolidate with another entity;
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make certain payments;
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hedge future production or interest rates;
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incur liens;
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sell assets; and
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engage in certain other transactions without the prior consent of the lenders.
In
addition, CRP's credit agreement requires us to maintain certain financial ratios or to reduce our indebtedness if we are unable to comply with such ratios. As of September 30,
2016, we were in full compliance with such financial ratios and covenants.
The
restrictions in CRP's credit agreement may also limit our ability to obtain future financings to withstand a future downturn in our business or the economy in general, or to
otherwise conduct necessary corporate activities. We may also be prevented from taking advantage of business opportunities that arise because of the limitations that the restrictive covenants impose
on us.
A
breach of any covenant in CRP's credit agreement would result in a default under the applicable agreement after any applicable grace periods. A default, if not waived, could result in
acceleration of the indebtedness outstanding under CRP's credit agreement and in a default with respect to, and an acceleration of, the indebtedness outstanding under other debt agreements. The
accelerated
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indebtedness
would become immediately due and payable. If that occurs, we may not be able to make all of the required payments or borrow sufficient funds to refinance such indebtedness. Even if new
financing were available at that time, it may not be on terms that are acceptable to us.
Any significant reduction in the borrowing base under CRP's revolving credit facility as a result of the
periodic borrowing base redeterminations or otherwise may negatively impact our ability to fund our operations.
CRP's revolving credit facility limits the amounts CRP can borrow up to a borrowing base amount, which the lenders, in their sole discretion,
determine semiannually on April 1 and October 1. The borrowing base depends on, among other things, projected revenues from, and asset values of, the oil and natural gas properties
securing the loan. The borrowing base will automatically be decreased by an amount equal to 25% of the aggregate notional amount of issued permitted senior unsecured notes unless such decrease is
waived by the lenders. The lenders can unilaterally adjust the borrowing base and the borrowings permitted to be outstanding under CRP's revolving credit facility. Any increase in the borrowing base
requires the consent of the lenders holding 100% of the commitments. In connection with the Silverback Acquisition, CRP entered into an amendment to its credit agreement to, among other things,
increase the borrowing base from $200 million to $250 million. The next scheduled borrowing base redetermination is expected in the spring of 2017.
In
the future, we may not be able to access adequate funding under CRP's revolving credit facility (or a replacement facility) as a result of a decrease in the borrowing base due to the
issuance of new indebtedness, the outcome of a subsequent borrowing base redetermination or an unwillingness or inability on the part of lending counterparties to meet their funding obligations and
the inability of other lenders to provide additional funding to cover the defaulting lender's portion. Declines in commodity prices could result in a determination to lower the borrowing base in the
future and, in such a case, CRP could be required to repay any indebtedness in excess of the redetermined borrowing base. As a result, we may be unable to implement our respective drilling and
development plan, make acquisitions or otherwise carry out business plans, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and impair our ability to
service CRP's indebtedness.
Our derivative activities could result in financial losses or could reduce our earnings.
We enter into derivative instrument contracts for a portion of our oil and natural gas production. As of September 30, 2016, we had
entered into hedging contracts through December 2018 covering a total of 905 MBbls of our projected oil production and 1,460 BBtu of our projected natural gas production. In addition, as
of September 30, 2016, we had entered into basis swaps covering a total of 448 MBbls of our projected oil production. Accordingly, our earnings may fluctuate significantly as a result of
changes in fair value of our derivative instruments.
Derivative
instruments also expose us to the risk of financial loss in some circumstances, including when:
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production is less than the volume covered by the derivative instruments;
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the counterparty to the derivative instrument defaults on its contractual obligations;
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there is an increase in the differential between the underlying price in the derivative instrument and actual prices received; or
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there are issues with regard to legal enforceability of such instruments.
The
use of derivatives may, in some cases, require the posting of cash collateral with counterparties. If we enter into derivative instruments that require cash collateral and commodity
prices or interest rates change in a manner adverse to us, our cash otherwise available for use in our
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operations
would be reduced, which could limit our ability to make future capital expenditures and make payments on our indebtedness, and which could also limit the size of CRP's borrowing base.
Future collateral requirements will depend on arrangements with our counterparties, highly volatile oil and natural gas prices and interest rates. In addition, derivative arrangements could limit the
benefit we would receive from increases in the prices for oil and natural gas, which could also have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
Our
commodity derivative contracts expose us to risk of financial loss if a counterparty fails to perform under a contract. Disruptions in the financial markets could lead to sudden
decreases in a counterparty's liquidity, which could make the counterparty unable to perform under the terms of the contract, and we may not be able to realize the benefit of the contract. We are
unable to predict sudden changes in a counterparty's creditworthiness or ability to perform. Even if we accurately predict sudden changes, our ability to negate the risk may be limited depending upon
market conditions.
During
periods of declining commodity prices, our derivative contract receivable positions generally increase, which increases our counterparty credit exposure. If the creditworthiness
of our counterparties deteriorates and results in their nonperformance, we could incur a significant loss with respect to our commodity derivative contracts.
Reserve estimates depend on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in
reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and present value of our reserves.
The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves is complex. It requires interpretations of available technical data and many assumptions,
including assumptions relating to current and future economic conditions and commodity prices. Any significant inaccuracies in these interpretations or assumptions could materially affect the
estimated quantities and present value of our reserves. In order to prepare reserve estimates, we must project production rates and timing of development expenditures. We must also analyze available
geological, geophysical, production and engineering data. The extent, quality and reliability of this data can vary. The process also requires economic assumptions about matters such as oil and
natural gas prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and availability of funds.
Actual
future production, oil and natural gas prices, revenues, taxes, development expenditures, operating expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves may vary
from our estimates. For instance, initial production rates reported by us or other operators may not be indicative of future or long-term production rates, our recovery efficiencies may be worse than
expected, and production declines may be greater than our estimates and may be more rapid and irregular when compared to initial production rates. In addition, we may adjust reserve estimates to
reflect additional production history, results of development activities, current commodity prices and other existing factors. Any significant variance could materially affect the estimated quantities
and present value of our reserves.
You
should not assume that the present value of future net revenues from our reserves is the current market value of our estimated reserves. We generally base the estimated discounted
future net cash flows from reserves on prices and costs on the date of the estimate. Actual future prices and costs may differ materially from those used in the present value estimate. For example,
our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2015 and related standardized measure were calculated under rules of the SEC using twelve-month trailing average benchmark prices of $46.79 per
barrel of oil (WTI) and $2.59 per MMBtu (Henry Hub spot), which, for certain periods in 2016, were substantially higher than the available spot prices. If spot prices are below such calculated
amounts, using more recent prices in estimating proved reserves may result in a reduction in proved reserve volumes due to economic limits.
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We will not be the operator on all of our acreage or drilling locations, and, therefore, we will not be able
to control the timing of exploration or development efforts, associated costs, or the rate of production of any non-operated assets.
As of September 30, 2016, we have leased or acquired approximately 42,300 net acres, approximately 80% of which we operate. As of
September 30, 2016, we were the operator on 673 of our 1,388 identified gross horizontal drilling locations. We acquired approximately 35,000 net acres in the Silverback Acquisition,
approximately 95% of which we operate. We will have limited ability to exercise influence over the operations of the drilling locations operated by our partners, and there is the risk that our
partners may at any time have economic, business or legal interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours. Furthermore, the success and timing of development activities operated by our partners
will depend on a number of factors that will be largely outside of our control, including:
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the timing and amount of capital expenditures;
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the operator's expertise and financial resources;
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the approval of other participants in drilling wells;
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the selection of technology; and
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the rate of production of reserves, if any.
This
limited ability to exercise control over the operations and associated costs of some of our drilling locations could prevent the realization of targeted returns on capital in
drilling or acquisition activities.
Our identified drilling locations are scheduled out over many years, making them susceptible to uncertainties
that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of their drilling. In addition, we may not be able to raise the amount of capital that would be necessary to drill such locations.
We have specifically identified and scheduled certain drilling locations as an estimation of our future multi-year drilling activities on our
existing acreage. These drilling locations represent a significant part of our growth strategy. Our ability to drill and develop these locations depends on a number of uncertainties, including oil and
natural gas prices, the availability and cost of capital, drilling and production costs, availability of drilling services and equipment, drilling results, lease expirations, gathering system and
pipeline transportation constraints, access to and availability of water sourcing and distribution systems, regulatory approvals and other factors. Because of these uncertain factors, we do not know
if the numerous identified drilling locations will ever be drilled or if we will be able to produce natural gas or oil from these or any other drilling locations. In addition, unless production is
established within the spacing units covering the undeveloped acres on which some of the drilling locations are obtained, the leases for such acreage will expire. As such, our actual drilling
activities may materially differ from those presently identified.
As
of September 30, 2016, we had identified 1,388 horizontal drilling locations on our acreage based on approximately 880-foot spacing with five to six wells per 640-acre section
in the Wolfcamp zones and approximately 1,320-foot spacing with four wells per 640-acre section in the 3rd Bone Spring Sandstone, in each case, consisting of laterals ranging from 4,500 feet up
to 9,500 feet. As a result of the limitations described above, we may be unable to drill many of our identified locations. In addition, we will require significant additional capital over a prolonged
period in order to pursue the development of these locations, and we may not be able to raise or generate the capital required to do so. See "Our development and acquisition projects
require substantial capital expenditures. We may be unable to obtain required capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which could lead to a decline in our ability to access or grow production and
reserves." Any drilling activities we are able to conduct on these locations may not be successful or enable us to add additional proved reserves to our overall
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proved
reserves or may result in a downward revision of our estimated proved reserves, which could have a material adverse effect on our future business and results of operations. Additionally, if we
curtail our drilling program, we may lose a portion of our acreage through lease expirations.
Certain of our undeveloped leasehold acreage is subject to leases that will expire over the next several
years unless production is established on units containing the acreage, the primary term is extended through continuous drilling provisions or the leases are renewed.
As of September 30, 2016, approximately 60% of our total net acreage (approximately 79% of our operated net acreage in Reeves and Ward
counties) was either held by production or under continuous drilling provisions. Of the net acreage acquired in the Silverback Acquisition, approximately 37% was either held by production or under
continuous drilling provisions at the time of acquisition. The leases for our net acreage not held by production will expire at the end of their primary term unless production is established in paying
quantities under the units containing these leases, the leases are held beyond their primary terms under continuous drilling provisions or the leases are renewed. If our leases expire and we are
unable to renew the leases, we will lose the right to develop the related properties. Our ability to drill and develop these locations depends on a number of uncertainties, including oil and natural
gas prices, the availability and cost of capital, drilling and production costs, availability of drilling services and equipment, drilling results, lease expirations, gathering system and pipeline
transportation constraints, access to and availability of water sourcing and distribution systems, regulatory approvals and other factors.
Adverse weather conditions may negatively affect our operating results and our ability to conduct drilling
activities.
Adverse weather conditions may cause, among other things, increases in the costs of, and delays in, drilling or completing new wells, power
failures, temporary shut-in of production and difficulties in the transportation of our oil, natural gas and NGLs. Any decreases in production due to poor weather conditions will have an adverse
effect on our revenues, which will in turn negatively affect our cash flow from operations.
Our operations are substantially dependent on the availability of water. Restrictions on our ability to
obtain water may have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Water is an essential component of deep shale oil and natural gas production during both the drilling and hydraulic fracturing processes.
Drought conditions have persisted in Texas in past years. These drought conditions have led governmental authorities to restrict the use of water subject to their jurisdiction for hydraulic fracturing
to protect local water supplies. If we are unable to obtain water to use in our operations, we may be unable to economically produce oil and natural gas, which could have a material and adverse effect
on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our producing properties are located in the Delaware Basin, a sub-basin of the Permian Basin, in West Texas,
making us vulnerable to risks associated with operating in a single geographic area.
All of our producing properties are geographically concentrated in the Delaware Basin, a sub-basin of the Permian Basin, in West Texas. At
December 31, 2015, all of our total estimated proved reserves were attributable to properties located in this area. As a result of this concentration, we may be disproportionately exposed to
the impact of regional supply and demand factors, delays or interruptions of production from wells in this area caused by governmental regulation, processing or transportation capacity constraints,
market limitations, availability of equipment and personnel, water shortages or other drought related conditions or interruption of the processing or transportation of oil, natural gas or NGLs.
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The marketability of our production is dependent upon transportation and other facilities, certain of which
we do not control. If these facilities are unavailable, our operations could be interrupted and our revenues reduced.
The marketability of our oil and natural gas production depends in part upon the availability, proximity and capacity of transportation
facilities owned by third parties. Our oil production is transported from the wellhead to our tank batteries by our gathering systems. The oil is then transported by the purchaser by truck to a
transportation facility. Our natural gas production is generally transported by third-party gathering lines from the wellhead to a gas processing facility. We do not control these trucks and other
third-party transportation facilities and our access to them may be limited or denied. Insufficient production from our wells to support the construction of pipeline facilities by our purchasers or a
significant disruption in the availability of our or third-party transportation facilities or other production facilities could adversely impact our ability to deliver to market or produce our oil and
natural gas and thereby cause a significant interruption in our operations. If, in the future, we are unable, for any sustained period, to implement acceptable delivery or transportation arrangements
or encounter production related difficulties, we may be required to shut in or curtail production. Any such shut-in or curtailment, or an inability to obtain favorable terms for delivery of the oil
and natural gas produced from our fields, would materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We may incur losses as a result of title defects in the properties in which we invest.
The existence of a material title deficiency can render a lease worthless and can adversely affect our results of operations and financial
condition. While we typically obtain title opinions prior to commencing drilling operations on a lease or in a unit, the failure of title may not be discovered until after a well is drilled, in which
case we may lose the lease and the right to produce all or a portion of the minerals under the property.
The development of our estimated PUDs may take longer and may require higher levels of capital expenditures
than we currently anticipate. Therefore, our estimated PUDs may not be ultimately developed or produced.
As of December 31, 2015, 60% of our total estimated proved reserves were classified as proved undeveloped. Development of these proved
undeveloped reserves may take longer and require higher levels of capital expenditures than we currently anticipate. Delays in the development of our reserves, increases in costs to drill and develop
such reserves or decreases in commodity prices will reduce the value of our estimated PUDs and future net revenues estimated for such reserves and may result in some projects becoming uneconomic. In
addition, delays in the development of reserves could cause us to have to reclassify our PUDs as unproved reserves. Further, we may be required to write-down our PUDs if we do not drill those wells
within five years after their respective dates of booking.
If commodity prices decrease to a level such that our future undiscounted cash flows from our properties are
less than their carrying value, we may be required to take write-downs of the carrying values of our properties.
Accounting rules that we periodically review the carrying value of our properties for possible impairment. Based on prevailing commodity prices
and specific market factors and circumstances at the time of prospective impairment reviews, and the continuing evaluation of development plans, production data, economics and other factors, we may be
required to write-down the carrying value of our properties. A write-down constitutes a non-cash charge to earnings. Recently, commodity prices have declined significantly. On September 30,
2016, the WTI spot price for crude oil was $47.72 per barrel and the Henry Hub spot price for natural gas was $2.84 per MMBtu, representing decreases of 55% and 63%, respectively, from the high of
$107.62 per barrel of oil and $7.92 per MMBtu for natural gas during 2014. Likewise, NGLs have suffered significant recent declines in realized prices. NGLs are made up of ethane, propane, isobutene,
normal butane and natural gasoline, all of which
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have
different uses and different pricing characteristics. Lower commodity prices in the future could result in impairments of our properties, which could have a material adverse effect on our results
of operations for the periods in which such charges are taken.
Unless we replace our reserves with new reserves and develop those reserves, our reserves and production will
decline, which would adversely affect our future cash flows and results of operations.
Producing oil and natural gas reservoirs generally are characterized by declining production rates that vary depending upon reservoir
characteristics and other factors. Unless we conduct successful ongoing exploration and development activities or continually acquire properties containing proved reserves, our proved reserves will
decline as those reserves are produced. Our future reserves and production, and therefore our future cash flow and results of operations, are highly dependent on our success in efficiently developing
our current reserves and economically finding or acquiring additional recoverable reserves. We may not be able to develop, find or acquire sufficient additional reserves to replace our current and
future production. If we are unable to replace our current and future production, the value of our reserves will decrease, and our business, financial condition and results of operations would be
materially and adversely affected.
Conservation measures and technological advances could reduce demand for oil and natural gas.
Fuel conservation measures, alternative fuel requirements, increasing consumer demand for alternatives to oil and natural gas, technological
advances in fuel economy and energy generation devices could reduce demand for oil and natural gas. The impact of the changing demand for oil and natural gas may have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We depend upon a significant purchaser for the sale of most of our oil, natural gas and NGL production.
We normally sell our production to a relatively small number of customers, as is customary in our business. For the years ended
December 31, 2015 and 2014, Plains Marketing, L.P. accounted for 64% and 78%, respectively, of our total revenue. During such years, no other purchaser
accounted for 10% or more of our revenue. In the third quarter of 2016, we started selling the majority of our oil production to Shell Trading (US) Company ("Shell") under a new marketing contract.
The loss of Shell as a purchaser could materially and adversely affect our revenues in the short-term.
Our operations may be exposed to significant delays, costs and liabilities as a result of environmental and
occupational health and safety requirements applicable to our business activities.
Our operations are subject to stringent and complex federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the
environment, health and safety aspects of our operations or otherwise relating to environmental protection. These laws and regulations may impose numerous obligations applicable to our operations,
including the acquisition of a permit or other approval before conducting regulated activities; the restriction of types, quantities and concentration of materials that can be released into the
environment; the limitation or prohibition of drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands and other protected areas; the application of specific health and safety criteria
addressing worker protection; and the imposition of substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from our operations. Numerous governmental authorities, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency ("EPA") and analogous state agencies, have the power to enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and the permits issued under them. Such enforcement actions often involve taking
difficult and costly compliance measures or corrective actions. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of sanctions, including administrative, civil or criminal
penalties, natural resource damages, the imposition of investigatory or remedial obligations, and the issuance of orders limiting or prohibiting some or all of our operations. In addition, we may
experience
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delays
in obtaining, or be unable to obtain, required permits, which may delay or interrupt our operations and limit our growth and revenue.
Certain
environmental laws impose strict as well as joint and several liability for costs required to remediate and restore sites where hazardous substances, hydrocarbons or solid wastes
have been stored or released. We may be required to remediate contaminated properties currently or formerly operated by us or facilities of third parties that received waste generated by our
operations regardless of whether such contamination resulted from the conduct of others or from consequences of our own actions that were in compliance with all applicable laws at the time those
actions were taken. In connection with certain acquisitions, we could acquire, or be required to provide indemnification against, environmental liabilities that could expose us to material losses. In
addition, claims for damages to persons or property, including natural resources, may result from the environmental, health and safety impacts of our operations. Our insurance may not cover all
environmental risks and costs or may not provide sufficient coverage if an environmental claim is made against us. Moreover, public interest in the
protection of the environment has increased dramatically in recent years. The trend of more expansive and stringent environmental legislation and regulations applied to the crude oil and natural gas
industry could continue, resulting in increased costs of doing business and consequently affecting profitability. To the extent laws are enacted or other governmental action is taken that restricts
drilling or imposes more stringent and costly operating, waste handling, disposal and cleanup requirements, our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations could be materially
adversely affected.
We may incur substantial losses and be subject to substantial liability claims as a result of our operations.
Additionally, we may not be insured for, or our insurance may be inadequate to protect us against, these risks.
We are not insured against all risks. Losses and liabilities arising from uninsured and underinsured events could materially and adversely
affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our
development activities are subject to all of the operating risks associated with drilling for and producing oil and natural gas, including the possibility
of:
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environmental hazards, such as uncontrollable releases of oil, natural gas, brine, well fluids, toxic gas or other pollution into the
environment, including groundwater, air and shoreline contamination;
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abnormally pressured formations;
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mechanical difficulties, such as stuck oilfield drilling and service tools and casing collapse; fire, explosions and ruptures of pipelines;
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personal injuries and death;
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natural disasters; and
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terrorist attacks targeting oil and natural gas related facilities and infrastructure.
Any
of these risks could adversely affect our ability to conduct operations or result in substantial loss to us as a result of claims for:
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injury or loss of life;
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damage to and destruction of property, natural resources and equipment;
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pollution and other environmental damage;
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regulatory investigations and penalties; and
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repair and remediation costs.
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We may elect not to obtain insurance for any or all of these risks if we believe that the cost of available insurance is excessive relative to the risks
presented. In addition, pollution and environmental risks generally are not fully insurable. The occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on
our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Properties that we decide to drill may not yield oil or natural gas in commercially viable quantities.
Properties that we decide to drill that do not yield oil or natural gas in commercially viable quantities will adversely affect our results of
operations and financial condition. There is no way to predict in advance of drilling and testing whether any particular prospect will yield oil or natural gas in sufficient quantities to recover
drilling or completion costs or to be economically viable. The use of micro-seismic data and other technologies and the study of producing fields in the same area will not enable us to know
conclusively prior to drilling whether oil or natural gas will be present or, if present, whether oil or natural gas will be present in commercial quantities. We cannot assure you that the analogies
we draw from available data from other wells, more fully explored
prospects or producing fields will be applicable to our drilling prospects. Further, our drilling operations may be curtailed, delayed or canceled as a result of numerous factors,
including:
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unexpected drilling conditions;
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title problems;
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pressure or lost circulation in formations;
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equipment failure or accidents;
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adverse weather conditions;
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compliance with environmental and other governmental or contractual requirements; and
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increases in the cost of, shortages or delays in the availability of, electricity, supplies, materials, drilling or workover rigs, equipment
and services.
We may be unable to make attractive acquisitions or successfully integrate acquired businesses, and any
inability to do so may disrupt our business and hinder our ability to grow.
In the future we may make acquisitions of assets or businesses that complement or expand our current business. However, there is no guarantee we
will be able to identify attractive acquisition opportunities. In the event we are able to identify attractive acquisition opportunities, we may not be able to complete the acquisition or do so on
commercially acceptable terms. Competition for acquisitions may also increase the cost of, or cause us to refrain from, completing acquisitions.
The
success of any completed acquisition will depend on our ability to integrate effectively the acquired business into our existing operations. The process of integrating acquired
businesses may involve unforeseen difficulties and may require a disproportionate amount of our managerial and financial resources. In addition, possible future acquisitions may be larger and for
purchase prices significantly higher than those paid for earlier acquisitions. No assurance can be given that we will be able to identify additional suitable acquisition opportunities, negotiate
acceptable terms, obtain financing for acquisitions on acceptable terms or successfully acquire identified targets. Our failure to achieve consolidation savings, to integrate the acquired businesses
and assets into our existing operations successfully or to minimize any unforeseen operational difficulties could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
In
addition, CRP's credit agreement imposes certain limitations on our ability to enter into mergers or combination transactions. CRP's credit agreement also limits our ability to incur
certain indebtedness, which could indirectly limit our ability to engage in acquisitions of businesses.
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Certain of our properties are subject to land use restrictions, which could limit the manner in which we
conduct our business.
Certain of our properties are subject to land use restrictions, including city ordinances, which could limit the manner in which we conduct our
business. Although none of our drilling locations associated with proved undeveloped reserves as of December 31, 2015 or September 30, 2016 are on properties currently subject to such
land use restrictions, such restrictions could affect, among other things, our access to and the permissible uses of our facilities as well as the manner in which we produce oil and natural gas and
may restrict or prohibit drilling in general. The costs we
incur to comply with such restrictions may be significant in nature, and we may experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of development activities and perhaps even be precluded from the
drilling of wells.
The unavailability or high cost of additional drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel and oilfield
services could adversely affect our ability to execute our development plans within our budget and on a timely basis.
The demand for drilling rigs, pipe and other equipment and supplies, as well as for qualified and experienced field personnel to drill wells and
conduct field operations, geologists, geophysicists, engineers and other professionals in the oil and natural gas industry, can fluctuate significantly, often in correlation with oil and natural gas
prices, causing periodic shortages. Our operations are concentrated in areas in which industry had increased rapidly, and as a result, demand for such drilling rigs, equipment and personnel, as well
as access to transportation, processing and refining facilities in these areas, had increased, as did the costs for those items. However, beginning in the second half of 2014, commodity prices began
to decline and the demand for goods and services has subsided due to reduced activity. To the extent that commodity prices improve in the future, any delay or inability to secure the personnel,
equipment, power, services, resources and facilities access necessary for us to resume or increase our development activities could result in production volumes being below our forecasted volumes. In
addition, any such negative effect on production volumes, or significant increases in costs, could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow and profitability. Furthermore, if we are unable to
secure a sufficient number of drilling rigs at reasonable costs, we may not be able to drill all of our acreage before our leases expire.
We could experience periods of higher costs if commodity prices rise. These increases could reduce our
profitability, cash flow and ability to complete development activities as planned.
Historically, our capital and operating costs have risen during periods of increasing oil, natural gas and NGL prices. These cost increases
result from a variety of factors beyond our control, such as increases in the cost of electricity, steel and other raw materials that we and our vendors rely upon; increased demand for labor, services
and materials as drilling activity increases; and increased taxes. Decreased levels of drilling activity in the oil and gas industry in recent periods have led to declining costs of some drilling
equipment, materials and supplies. However, such costs may rise faster than increases in our revenue if commodity prices rise, thereby negatively impacting our profitability, cash flow and ability to
complete development activities as scheduled and on budget. This impact may be magnified to the extent that our ability to participate in the commodity price increases is limited by our derivative
activities.
Should we fail to comply with all applicable FERC administered statutes, rules, regulations and orders, we
could be subject to substantial penalties and fines.
Under the Domenici-Barton Energy Policy Act of 2005 ("EP Act of 2005"), the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") has civil penalty
authority under the Natural Gas Act of 1938 (the "NGA") and the Natural Gas Policy Act ("NGPA") to impose penalties for current violations of up to $1 million per day for each violation and
disgorgement of profits associated with any violation. While our operations have not been regulated by FERC as a natural gas company under the NGA, FERC has
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adopted
regulations that may subject certain of our otherwise non-FERC jurisdictional operations to FERC annual reporting and posting requirements. We also must comply with the anti-market
manipulation rules enforced by FERC. Additional rules and legislation pertaining to those and other matters may be considered or adopted by FERC from time to time. Failure to comply with those
regulations in the future could subject us to civil penalty liability.
Climate change laws and regulations restricting emissions of GHGs could result in increased operating costs
and reduced demand for the oil and natural gas that we produce, while potential physical effects of climate change could disrupt our production and cause us to incur significant costs in preparing for
or responding to those effects.
In response to findings that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other GHGs present an endangerment to public health and the environment,
the EPA has adopted regulations pursuant to the federal Clean Air Act that, among other things, require preconstruction and operating permits for certain large stationary sources. Facilities required
to obtain preconstruction permits for their GHG emissions are also required to meet "best available control technology" standards that are being established by the states or, in some cases, by the EPA
on a case-by-case basis. These regulatory requirements could adversely affect our operations and restrict or delay our ability to obtain air permits for new or modified sources. In addition, the EPA
has adopted rules requiring the monitoring and reporting of GHG emissions from specified onshore and offshore oil and natural gas production sources in the United States on an annual basis, which
include certain of our operations. Furthermore, in May 2016, the EPA finalized rules that establish new controls for emissions of methane from new, modified or reconstructed sources in the oil and
natural gas source category, including production, processing, transmission and storage activities. The rule includes first-time standards to address emissions of methane from equipment and processes
across the source category, including hydraulically fractured oil and natural gas well completions. The EPA has also announced that it
intends to impose methane emission standards for existing sources as well but, to date, has not yet issued a proposal. Compliance with these rules will require enhanced record-keeping practices, the
purchase of new equipment, such as optical gas imaging instruments to detect leaks, and increased frequency of maintenance and repair activities to address emissions leakage. The rules will also
likely require additional personnel time to support these activities or the engagement of third party contractors to assist with and verify compliance. These new and proposed rules could result in
increased compliance costs on our operations.
While
Congress has from time to time considered legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs, there has not been significant activity in the form of adopted legislation to reduce GHG
emissions at the federal level in recent years. In the absence of such federal climate legislation, a number of state and regional efforts have emerged that are aimed at tracking and/or reducing GHG
emissions by means of cap and trade programs. These programs typically require major sources of GHG emissions to acquire and surrender emission allowances in return for emitting those GHGs. In
addition, efforts have been made and continue to be made in the international community toward the adoption of international treaties or protocols that would address global climate change issues. Most
recently, the United States is one of almost 200 nations that, in December 2015, agreed to the Paris Agreement, which requires member countries to review and "represent a progression" in their
intended nationally determined contributions, which set GHG emission reduction goals, every five years beginning in 2020. The Paris Agreement entered into force in November 2016. The United States is
one of over 70 nations that has ratified or otherwise consented to be bound by the agreement. Although it is not possible at this time to predict how legislation or new regulations that may be adopted
to address GHG emissions would impact our business, any such future laws and regulations imposing reporting obligations on, or limiting emissions of GHGs from, our equipment and operations could
require us to incur costs to reduce emissions of GHGs associated with our operations. Substantial limitations on GHG emissions could adversely affect demand for the oil and natural gas we produce.
Finally, many scientists have concluded
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that
increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth's atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, floods and
other climatic events; if any such effects were to occur, they could have a material adverse effect on our operations.
Federal, state and local legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to hydraulic fracturing as well as
governmental reviews of such activities could result in increased costs and additional operating restrictions or delays in the completion of oil and natural gas wells and adversely affect our
production.
Hydraulic fracturing is an important and common practice that is used to stimulate production of oil and/or natural gas from dense subsurface
rock formations. The hydraulic
fracturing process involves the injection of water, proppants and chemicals under pressure into targeted subsurface formations to fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production. We regularly
use hydraulic fracturing as part of our operations. Hydraulic fracturing is typically regulated by state oil and natural gas commissions, but the EPA has asserted federal regulatory authority pursuant
to the federal Safe Drinking Water Act ("SDWA") over certain hydraulic fracturing activities involving the use of diesel fuels and published permitting guidance in February 2014 addressing the
performance of such activities using diesel fuels. The EPA has also issued final regulations under the federal Clean Air Act establishing performance standards, including standards for the capture of
air emissions released during hydraulic fracturing, and advanced notice of proposed rulemaking under the Toxic Substances Control Act to require companies to disclose information regarding the
chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing, and also finalized rules in 2016 that prohibit the discharge of wastewater from hydraulic fracturing operations to publicly owned wastewater treatment plants.
In addition, the Bureau of Land Management finalized rules in March 2015 that impose new or more stringent standards for performing hydraulic fracturing on federal and American Indian lands. The U.S.
District Court of Wyoming struck down the rule in June 2016. The BLM appealed the ruling to the Tenth Circuit. This appeals remains pending. In addition, Congress has from time to time considered
legislation to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing under the SDWA and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the hydraulic fracturing process. It is unclear how any
additional federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing activities may affect our operations.
Certain
governmental reviews are either underway or being proposed that focus on environmental aspects of hydraulic fracturing practices. The White House Council on Environmental Quality
is coordinating an administration-wide review of hydraulic fracturing practices. Additionally, in December 2016, the EPA released its final report on the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on
drinking water resources. The EPA report concluded that hydraulic fracturing activities have not led to widespread, systemic impacts on drinking water resources in the United States, although there
are above and below ground mechanisms by which hydraulic fracturing activities have the potential to impact drinking water resources. Other governmental agencies, including the United States
Department of Energy and the United States Department of the Interior, are evaluating various other aspects of hydraulic fracturing. These ongoing or proposed studies could spur initiatives to further
regulate hydraulic fracturing under the federal SDWA or other regulatory mechanisms.
At
the state level, several states have adopted or are considering legal requirements that could impose more stringent permitting, disclosure and well construction requirements on
hydraulic fracturing activities. For example, in May 2013, the Railroad Commission of Texas issued a "well integrity rule," which updates the requirements for drilling, putting pipe down and cementing
wells. The rule also includes new testing and reporting requirements, such as (i) the requirement to submit cementing reports after well completion or after cessation of drilling, whichever is
later, and (ii) the imposition of additional testing on wells less than 1,000 feet below usable groundwater. The well integrity rule took effect in January 2014. Local governments also may seek
to adopt ordinances within their jurisdictions regulating the time, place and manner of drilling activities in general or hydraulic fracturing activities in
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particular.
We believe that we follow applicable standard industry practices and legal requirements for groundwater protection in our hydraulic fracturing activities. Nonetheless, if new or more
stringent federal, state or local legal restrictions relating to the hydraulic fracturing process are adopted in areas where we operate, we could incur potentially significant added costs to comply
with such requirements, experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of development activities, and perhaps even be precluded from drilling wells.
Legislation or regulatory initiatives intended to address seismic activity could restrict our drilling and
production activities, as well as our ability to dispose of saltwater gathered from such activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
State and federal regulatory agencies recently have focused on a possible connection between the hydraulic fracturing related activities and the
increased occurrence of seismic activity, and regulatory agencies at all levels are continuing to study the possible linkage between oil and gas activity and induced seismicity. For example, in 2015,
the United States Geological Study identified eight states, including Texas, with areas of increased rates of induced seismicity that could be attributed to fluid injection or oil and gas extraction.
In addition, a number of lawsuits have been filed in other states, most recently in Oklahoma, alleging that disposal well operations have caused damage to neighboring properties or otherwise violated
state and federal rules regulating waste disposal. In response to these concerns, regulators in some states are seeking to impose additional requirements, including requirements in the permitting of
saltwater disposal wells or otherwise to assess any relationship between seismicity and the use of such wells. For example, in October 2014, the Railroad Commission of Texas published a new rule
governing permitting or re-permitting of disposal wells that would require, among other things, the submission of information on seismic events occurring within a specified radius of the disposal well
location, as well as logs, geologic cross sections and structure maps relating to the disposal area in question. If the permittee or an applicant of a disposal well permit fails to demonstrate that
the saltwater or other fluids are confined to the disposal zone or if scientific data indicates such a disposal well is likely to be or determined to be contributing to seismic activity, then the
agency may deny, modify, suspend or terminate the permit application or existing operating permit for that well.
We
dispose of large volumes of saltwater gathered from our drilling and production operations pursuant to permits issued to us by governmental authorities overseeing such disposal
activities. While these permits are issued pursuant to existing laws and regulations, these legal requirements are subject to change, which could result in the imposition of more stringent operating
constraints or new monitoring and reporting requirements, owing to, among other things, concerns of the public or governmental authorities regarding such gathering or disposal activities. The adoption
and implementation of any new laws or regulations that restrict our ability to use hydraulic fracturing or dispose of saltwater gathered from our drilling and production activities by limiting
volumes, disposal rates, disposal well locations or otherwise, or requiring us to shut down disposal wells, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Competition in the oil and natural gas industry is intense, making it more difficult for us to acquire
properties, market oil or natural gas and secure trained personnel.
Our ability to acquire additional prospects and to find and develop reserves in the future will depend on our ability to evaluate and select
suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a highly competitive environment for acquiring properties, marketing oil and natural gas and securing trained personnel. Also, there is
substantial competition for capital available for investment in the oil and natural gas industry. Many of our competitors possess and employ financial, technical and personnel resources substantially
greater than ours. Those companies may be able to pay more for productive properties and exploratory prospects and to evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number
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of
properties and prospects than our financial or personnel resources permit. In addition, other companies may be able to offer better compensation packages to attract and retain qualified personnel
than we are able to offer. The cost to attract and retain qualified personnel has increased over the past three years due to competition and may increase substantially in the future. We may not be
able to compete successfully in the future in acquiring prospective reserves, developing reserves, marketing hydrocarbons, attracting and retaining quality personnel and raising additional capital,
which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our business is difficult to evaluate because we have a limited operating history, and we are susceptible to
the potential difficulties associated with rapid growth and expansion.
CRP was formed in 2012 and, as a result, there is only limited historical financial and operating information available upon which to base your
evaluation of our performance.
In
addition, we have grown rapidly over the last several years. We believe that our future success depends on our ability to manage the rapid growth that we have experienced and the
demands from increased responsibility on management personnel. The following factors could present difficulties:
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increased responsibilities for our executive level personnel;
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increased administrative burden;
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increased capital requirements; and
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increased organizational challenges common to large, expansive operations.
Our
operating results could be adversely affected if we do not successfully manage these potential difficulties. The historical financial information of CRP included elsewhere in this
proxy statement is not necessarily indicative of the results that may be realized in the future. In addition, our operating history is limited and the results from our current producing wells are not
necessarily indicative of success from our future drilling operations.
Increases in interest rates could adversely affect our business.
Our business and operating results can be harmed by factors such as the availability, terms of and cost of capital, increases in interest rates
or a reduction in credit rating. These changes could cause our cost of doing business to increase, limit our ability to pursue acquisition opportunities, reduce cash flow used for drilling and place
us at a competitive disadvantage. For example, as of September 30, 2016, outstanding borrowings subject to variable interest rates were approximately $189 million, and a 1.0% increase in
interest rates would result in an increase in annual interest expense of approximately $1.9 million, assuming the $189 million of debt was outstanding for the full year. Recent and
continuing disruptions and volatility in the global financial markets may lead to a contraction in credit availability impacting our ability to finance operations. We require continued access to
capital. A significant reduction in cash flows from operations or the availability of credit could materially and adversely affect our ability to achieve our planned growth and operating results.
We may be subject to risks in connection with acquisitions of properties.
The successful acquisition of producing properties requires an assessment of several factors,
including:
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recoverable reserves;
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future oil and natural gas prices and their applicable differentials;
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operating costs; and
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potential environmental and other liabilities.
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The
accuracy of these assessments is inherently uncertain. In connection with these assessments, we perform a review of the subject properties that we believe to be generally consistent
with industry practices. Our review will not reveal all existing or potential problems nor will it permit us to become sufficiently familiar with the properties to fully assess their deficiencies and
capabilities. Inspections may not always be performed on every well, and environmental problems, such as groundwater contamination, are not necessarily observable even when an inspection is
undertaken. Even when problems are identified, the seller may be unwilling or unable to provide effective contractual
protection against all or part of the problems. We often are not entitled to contractual indemnification for environmental liabilities and acquire properties on an "as is" basis.
As a result of future legislation, certain U.S. federal income tax deductions currently available with
respect to oil and gas exploration and development may be eliminated and our production may be subject to the imposition of new U.S. federal taxes.
The U.S. President's Fiscal Year 2017 Budget Proposal and legislation introduced in a prior session of Congress includes proposals that, if
enacted into law, would eliminate certain key U.S. federal income tax provisions currently available to oil and gas exploration and production companies or potentially make our operations subject to
the imposition of new U.S. federal taxes. These changes include, but are not limited to, (i) the repeal of the percentage depletion allowance for oil and gas properties, (ii) the
elimination of current deductions for intangible drilling and development costs, (iii) the elimination of the deduction for certain domestic production activities, (iv) an extension of
the amortization period for certain geological and geophysical expenditures and (v) imposition of a $10.25 per barrel fee on oil, to be paid by oil companies (but the budget does not describe
where and how such a fee would be collected). It is unclear whether these or similar changes will be enacted and, if enacted, how soon any such changes could become effective. The passage of any
legislation as a result of these proposals or any similar changes in U.S. federal income tax laws could eliminate or postpone certain tax deductions that are currently available with respect to oil
and gas exploration and development, and any such change, as well as any changes to or the imposition of new U.S. federal, state or local taxes (including the imposition of, or increase in production,
severance or similar taxes), could increase the cost of exploration and development of oil and gas resources, which would negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our use of seismic data is subject to interpretation and may not accurately identify the presence of oil and
natural gas, which could adversely affect the results of our drilling operations.
Even when properly used and interpreted, seismic data and visualization techniques are only tools used to assist geoscientists in identifying
subsurface structures and hydrocarbon indicators and do not enable the interpreter to know whether hydrocarbons are, in fact, present in those structures. As a result, our drilling activities may not
be successful or economical. In addition, the use of advanced technologies, such as 3-D seismic data, requires greater pre-drilling expenditures than traditional drilling strategies, and we could
incur losses as a result of such expenditures.
Restrictions on drilling activities intended to protect certain species of wildlife may adversely affect our
ability to conduct drilling activities in areas where we operate.
Oil and natural gas operations in our operating areas may be adversely affected by seasonal or permanent restrictions on drilling activities
designed to protect various wildlife. Seasonal restrictions may limit our ability to operate in protected areas and can intensify competition for drilling rigs, oilfield equipment, services, supplies
and qualified personnel, which may lead to periodic shortages when drilling is allowed. These constraints and the resulting shortages or high costs could delay our operations or materially increase
our operating and capital costs. Permanent restrictions imposed to protect endangered species could prohibit drilling in certain areas or require the implementation of
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expensive
mitigation measures. The designation of previously unprotected species in areas where we operate as threatened or endangered could cause us to incur increased costs arising from species
protection measures or could result in limitations on our activities that could have a material and adverse impact on our ability to develop and produce our reserves.
The enactment of derivatives legislation could have an adverse effect on our ability to use derivative
instruments to reduce the effect of commodity price, interest rate and other risks associated with our business.
The Dodd-Frank Act, enacted on July 21, 2010, established federal oversight and regulation of the over-the-counter derivatives market and
entities, such as us, that participate in that market. The Dodd-Frank Act requires the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") and the SEC to promulgate rules and regulations implementing the
Dodd-Frank Act. In October 2011, the CFTC issued regulations to set position limits for certain futures and option contracts in the major energy markets and for swaps that are their economic
equivalents. The initial position limits rule was vacated by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in September 2012. However, in November 2013, the CFTC proposed new rules
that would place limits on positions in certain core futures and equivalent swaps contracts for or linked to certain physical commodities, subject to exceptions for certain bona fide hedging
transactions. As these new position limit rules are not yet final, the impact of those provisions on us is uncertain at this time.
The
CFTC has designated certain interest rate swaps and credit default swaps for mandatory clearing. The CFTC has not yet proposed rules designating any other classes of swaps, including
physical commodity swaps, for mandatory clearing. In addition, certain banking regulators and the CFTC have
recently adopted final rules establishing minimum margin requirements for uncleared swaps. Although we expect to qualify for the end-user exception from such margin requirements for swaps entered into
to hedge our commercial risks, the application of such requirements to other market participants, such as swap dealers, may change the cost and availability of the swaps that we use for hedging. If
any of our swaps do not qualify for the commercial end-user exception, posting of collateral could impact liquidity and reduce cash available to us for capital expenditures, therefore reducing our
ability to execute hedges to reduce risk and protect cash flow.
The
full impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulatory requirements upon our business will not be known until the regulations are implemented and the market for derivatives
contracts has adjusted. The Dodd-Frank Act and any new regulations could significantly increase the cost of derivative contracts, materially alter the terms of derivative contracts, reduce the
availability of derivatives to protect against risks we encounter, and reduce our ability to monetize or restructure our existing derivative contracts. If we reduce our use of derivatives as a result
of the Dodd-Frank Act and regulations, our results of operations may become more volatile and our cash flows may be less predictable, which could adversely affect our ability to plan for and fund
capital expenditures. Finally, the Dodd-Frank Act was intended, in part, to reduce the volatility of oil and natural gas prices, which some legislators attributed to speculative trading in derivatives
and commodity instruments related to oil and natural gas. Our revenues could therefore be adversely affected if a consequence of the Dodd-Frank Act and implementing regulations is to lower commodity
prices. Any of these consequences could have a material and adverse effect on us and our financial condition.
In
addition, the European Union and other non-U.S. jurisdictions are implementing regulations with respect to the derivatives market. To the extent we transact with counterparties in
foreign jurisdictions, we may become subject to such regulations, the impact of which is not clear at this time.
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The standardized measure of our estimated reserves is not an accurate estimate of the current fair value of
our estimated oil and natural gas reserves.
Standardized measure is a reporting convention that provides a common basis for comparing oil and natural gas companies subject to the rules and
regulations of the SEC. Standardized measure requires the use of specific pricing as required by the SEC as well as operating and development costs prevailing as of the date of computation.
Consequently, it may not reflect the prices ordinarily received or that will be received for oil and natural gas production because of varying market conditions, nor may it reflect the actual costs
that will be required to produce or develop the oil and natural gas properties. As a result, estimates included herein of future net cash flow may be materially different from the future net cash
flows that are ultimately received, and the standardized measure of
our estimated reserves included in this proxy statement should not be construed as accurate estimates of the current fair value of our proved reserves.
We may not be able to keep pace with technological developments in our industry.
The oil and natural gas industry is characterized by rapid and significant technological advancements and introductions of new products and
services using new technologies. As others use or develop new technologies, we may be placed at a competitive disadvantage or may be forced by competitive pressures to implement those new technologies
at substantial costs. In addition, other oil and natural gas companies may have greater financial, technical and personnel resources that allow them to enjoy technological advantages and that may in
the future allow them to implement new technologies before we can. We may not be able to respond to these competitive pressures or implement new technologies on a timely basis or at an acceptable
cost. If one or more of the technologies we use now or in the future were to become obsolete, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Changes in laws or regulations, or a failure to comply with any laws and regulations, may adversely affect
our business, investments and results of operations.
We are subject to laws, regulations and rules enacted by national, regional and local governments and NASDAQ. In particular, we are required to
comply with certain SEC, NASDAQ and other legal or regulatory requirements. Compliance with, and monitoring of, applicable laws, regulations and rules may be difficult, time consuming and costly.
Those laws, regulations and rules and their interpretation and application may also change from time to time and those changes could have a material adverse effect on our business, investments and
results of operations. In addition, a failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and rules, as interpreted and applied, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of
operations.
Unanticipated changes in effective tax rates or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income or
other tax returns could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to income taxes in the United States, and our domestic tax liabilities are subject to the allocation of expenses in differing
jurisdictions. Our future effective tax rates could be subject to volatility or adversely affected by a number of factors, including:
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changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities;
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expected timing and amount of the release of any tax valuation allowances;
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tax effects of stock-based compensation;
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costs related to intercompany restructurings;
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changes in tax laws, regulations or interpretations thereof; or
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lower than anticipated future earnings in jurisdictions where we have lower statutory tax rates and higher than anticipated future earnings in
jurisdictions where we have higher statutory tax rates.
In
addition, we may be subject to audits of our income, sales and other transaction taxes by U.S. federal and state authorities. Outcomes from these audits could have an adverse effect
on our financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Securities and Capital Structure
The market price of our securities may decline.
Fluctuations in the price of our securities could contribute to the loss of all or part of your investment. Prior to the closing of the Business
Combination, trading in our Class A Common Stock and Public Warrants had been limited. If an active market for our securities develops and continues, the trading price of our securities could
be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Any of the factors listed below could have a material adverse effect on your
investment and our securities may trade at prices significantly below the price you paid for them. In such circumstances, the trading price of our securities may not recover and may experience a
further decline.
Factors
affecting the trading price of our securities may include:
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actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly financial results or the quarterly financial results of companies perceived to be similar
to us;
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changes in the market's expectations about our operating results;
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success of competitors;
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our operating results failing to meet the expectation of securities analysts or investors in a particular period;
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changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts concerning us or its markets in general;
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operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to us;
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our ability to market new and enhanced products on a timely basis;
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changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;
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commencement of, or involvement in, litigation involving us;
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changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;
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the volume of securities available for public sale;
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any major change in our board or management;
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sales of substantial amounts of our securities by our directors, executive officers or significant stockholders or the perception that such
sales could occur; and
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general economic and political conditions such as recession; interest rate, fuel price, and international currency fluctuations; and acts of
war or terrorism.
Many
of the factors listed above are beyond our control. In addition, broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our securities irrespective of our
operating
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performance.
The stock market in general, and NASDAQ have experienced price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the particular
companies affected. The trading prices and valuations of these stocks, and of our Class A Common Stock and Public Warrants which trade on NASDAQ, may not be predictable. A loss of investor
confidence in the market for retail stocks or the stocks of other companies which investors perceive to be similar to the Company could depress the price of our securities regardless of our business,
prospects, financial conditions or results of operations. A decline in the market price of our securities also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional securities and our ability to
obtain additional financing in the future.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our
business, or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our securities adversely, the price and trading volume of our securities could decline.
The trading market for our securities will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us,
our business, our market, or our competitors. Securities and industry analysts do not currently, and may never, publish research on us. If no securities or industry analysts commence coverage of us,
our stock price and trading volume would likely be negatively impacted. If any of the analysts who may cover us change their recommendation regarding our securities adversely, or provide more
favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, the price of our securities would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish
reports on it, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.
Riverstone and its affiliates own a significant percentage of our outstanding voting common stock.
Riverstone and its affiliates, including our Sponsor, beneficially own approximately 44.0% of our voting common stock and, upon the conversion
of our Series B Preferred Stock, will beneficially own approximately 49.96% of our voting common stock. As long as Riverstone and its affiliates, including our Sponsor, own or control a
significant percentage of outstanding voting power, they will have the ability to strongly influence all corporate actions requiring stockholder approval, including the election and removal of
directors and the size of our board of directors, any amendment of our charter or bylaws, or the approval of any merger or other significant corporate transaction, including a sale of substantially
all of our assets.
The
interests of Riverstone and its affiliates, including our Sponsor, may not align with the interests of our other stockholders. Our Sponsor is in the business of making investments in
companies and may acquire and hold interests in businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us. Riverstone and its affiliates, including our Sponsor, may also pursue acquisition opportunities
that may be complementary to our business, and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. In addition, our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the
"Charter") provides that we renounce any interest or expectancy in the business opportunities of our officers and directors and their respective affiliates and each such party shall not have any
obligation to offer us those opportunities unless presented to one of our directors or officers in his or her capacity as a director or officer.
We are no longer a "controlled company" within the meaning of the NASDAQ listing rules, and will not be able
to take advantage of exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements.
Riverstone and its affiliates, including our Sponsor, no longer control a majority of our outstanding voting common stock. After the conversion
of our Series B Preferred Stock, Riverstone will not own over 50.0% of our voting common stock. As a result, we are no longer a "controlled company" within the meaning of the NASDAQ listing
rules, and will not be able to take advantage of exemptions from
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certain
corporate governance requirements. Under the NASDAQ listing rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company is a "controlled
company" and is exempt from certain corporate governance requirements, including, among others, the following:
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a majority of its board of directors consist of independent directors (as defined under the NASDAQ corporate governance standards);
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its nominating and corporate governance committee consists entirely of independent directors; and
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the compensation of its executive officers be determined, or recommended to the board for determination, by a majority of independent directors
in a vote by independent directors, or by a compensation committee comprised solely of independent directors.
Pursuant
to the requirements of the NASDAQ listing rules, a majority of our board of directors must consist of independent directors within one year after we cease to be a controlled
company. In addition, we must comply with the independent board committee requirements as they relate to the
nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees on the following phase-in schedule: (1) one independent committee member at the time we cease to be a controlled company,
(2) a majority of independent committee members within 90 days of the date we cease to be a controlled company and (3) all independent committee members within one year of the
date we cease to be a controlled company. Our board of directors is not currently comprised of a majority of independent directors, and neither our corporate governance and nominating committee nor
our compensation committee is currently comprised solely of independent directors. Accordingly, during the applicable phase-in periods provided for under the NASDAQ listing rules, you may not have the
same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the NASDAQ corporate governance standards.
Anti-takeover provisions contained in our Charter and amended and restated bylaws (the "Bylaws"), as well as
provisions of Delaware law, could impair a takeover attempt.
Our Charter and Bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control or changes in our management
without the consent of our board of directors. These provisions include:
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no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which limits the ability of minority stockholders to elect director candidates;
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the exclusive right of our board of directors to elect a director to fill a vacancy created by the expansion of the board of directors or the
resignation, death, or removal of a director, which prevents stockholders from being able to fill vacancies on our board of directors;
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the ability of our board of directors to determine whether to issue shares of our preferred stock and to determine the price and other terms of
those shares, including preferences and voting rights, without stockholder approval, which could be used to significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquirer;
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a prohibition on stockholder action by written consent, which forces stockholder action to be taken at an annual or special meeting of our
stockholders;
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the requirement that an annual meeting of stockholders may be called only by the chairman of the board of directors, the chief executive
officer, or the board of directors, which may delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including the removal of directors;
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limiting the liability of, and providing indemnification to, our directors and officers;
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controlling the procedures for the conduct and scheduling of stockholder meetings;
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providing that directors may be removed prior to the expiration of their terms by stockholders only for cause; and
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advance notice procedures that stockholders must comply with in order to nominate candidates to our board of directors or to propose matters to
be acted upon at a stockholders' meeting, which may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer's own slate of directors or otherwise
attempting to obtain control of the Company.
These
provisions, alone or together, could delay hostile takeovers and changes in control of the Company or changes in our board of directors and management.
As
a Delaware corporation, we are also subject to provisions of Delaware law, including Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL"), which
prevents some stockholders holding more than 15% of our outstanding voting common stock from engaging in certain business combinations without approval of the holders of substantially all of our
outstanding voting common stock. Any provision of our Charter or Bylaws or Delaware law that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for our
stockholders to receive a premium for their securities and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our securities.
The JOBS Act permits "emerging growth companies" like us to take advantage of certain exemptions from various
reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
We qualify as an "emerging growth company" as defined in the JOBS Act. As such, we take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting
requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies for as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, including (i) the exemption from the
auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) the exemptions from say-on-pay,
say-on-frequency and say-on-golden parachute voting requirements and (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements. As a
result, our stockholders may not have access to certain information they deem important. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year
(a) following February 28, 2021, the fifth anniversary of our IPO, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.0 billion or (c) in which we are
deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our Class A Common Stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our
prior second fiscal quarter, and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.
In
addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards
provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act as long as we are an emerging growth company. An emerging growth company can therefore delay the adoption of certain accounting standards
until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that
apply to non-emerging growth companies, but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued
or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new
or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company which is neither
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an
emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accountant
standards used.
We
cannot predict if investors will find our Class A Common Stock less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our Class A Common Stock
less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A Common Stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
Non-U.S. holders may be subject to U.S. income tax with respect to gain on disposition of their
Class A Common Stock.
We believe that we are a United States real property holding corporation (a "USRPHC"). As a result, Non-U.S. holders (defined below in the
section entitled "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations") that own (or are treated as owning under constructive ownership rules) more than a specified amount of our Class A Common
Stock during a specified time period may be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a sale, exchange, or other disposition of such Class A Common Stock and may be required to file a U.S.
federal income tax return. If you are a Non-U.S. holder, we urge you to consult your tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of such treatment.
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SPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
General
The Company is furnishing this proxy statement to its stockholders as part of the solicitation of proxies by our board of directors for use at
the special meeting of stockholders to be held on , 2017, and at any adjournment or postponement thereof. This proxy statement is
first being furnished to our stockholders on or about
, 2017. This proxy statement provides you with information you need to know to be able to vote or instruct your vote to be cast at
the special meeting.
Date, Time and Place
The special meeting will be held at a.m., local time,
on , 2017, at the Company's principal executive
offices located at 1401 Seventeenth Street, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80202, or such other date, time and place to which such meeting may be adjourned or postponed, to consider and
vote upon the proposals.
Voting Power; Record Date
You will be entitled to vote or direct votes to be cast at the special meeting if you owned shares of Common Stock at the close of business on
, 2017, which is the record date for the special meeting. You are entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock that you
owned as of the close of business on the record date,
except that shares of Class A Common Stock issued in the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements are not entitled to vote at the special meeting. If your shares are held in "street name" or
are in a margin or similar account, you should contact your broker, bank or nominee to ensure that votes related to the shares you beneficially own are properly counted. On the record date, there were
shares of Common Stock outstanding in the aggregate, of
which were shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the special meeting.
Quorum and Required Vote for Proposals for the Special Meeting
A quorum of the Company's stockholders is necessary to hold a valid meeting. A quorum will be present at the special meeting if a majority of
the Common Stock outstanding and entitled to vote at the special meeting is represented in person or by proxy. Because shares of Class A Common Stock issued in the Silverback Acquisition
Private Placements are not entitled to vote at the special meeting, they are not counted for purposes of determining the holders that constitute a quorum. Abstentions will count as present for the
purposes of establishing a quorum.
The
approval of the NASDAQ Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal requires the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the shares of Common Stock represented in person or by proxy
and entitled to vote and actually cast thereon at the special meeting. Accordingly, a stockholder's failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the special meeting will not be counted towards the
number of shares of
Class A Common Stock required to validly establish a quorum, and if a valid quorum is otherwise established, it will have no effect on the outcome of any vote on the NASDAQ Proposal or the
Adjournment Proposal.
As
of the record date, Riverstone held % of the shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the special meeting and will be able to control the outcome of the vote on the
Proposals. Riverstone has advised the Company that it intends to vote all of the shares of Common Stock held by it in favor of each of the Proposals at the special meeting.
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Recommendation to Our Stockholders
After careful consideration, the Company's board of directors recommends that the Company's stockholders vote "FOR" each Proposal being
submitted to a vote of the Company's stockholders at the special meeting.
For
a more complete description of the Company's reasons for the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements and the recommendation of the Company's board of directors, see the section
entitled "Proposal No. 1The NASDAQ Proposal."
Voting Your Shares
Each share of Common Stock (other than shares of Class A Common Stock issued in the Silverback Acquisition Private Placements) that you
own in your name entitles you to one vote on each of the Proposals at the special meeting. Your one or more proxy cards show the number of shares of Common Stock that you own. There are several ways
to vote your shares of Common Stock:
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You can vote your shares of Common Stock by completing, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope
provided. If you hold your shares in "street name" through a bank, broker or other nominee, you will need to follow the instructions provided to you by your bank, broker or other nominee to ensure
that your shares are represented and voted at the special meeting. If you vote by proxy card, your "proxy," whose name is listed on the proxy card, will vote your shares as you instruct on the proxy
card. If you sign and return the proxy card but do not give instructions on how to vote your shares, your shares of Common Stock will be voted as recommended by the board of directors. The board of
directors recommends voting "FOR" the NASDAQ Proposal and "FOR" the Adjournment Proposal.
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You can attend the special meeting and vote in person even if you have previously voted by submitting a proxy pursuant to any of the methods
noted above. You will be given a ballot when you arrive. However, if your shares of Common Stock are held in the name of your broker, bank or nominee, you must get a proxy from the broker, bank or
nominee. That is the only way we can be sure that the broker, bank or nominee has not already voted your shares of Common Stock.
Revoking Your Proxy
If you give a proxy, you may revoke it at any time before the special meeting or at such meeting by doing any one of the
following:
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you may send another proxy card with a later date;
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you may notify the Company's secretary, in writing, before the special meeting that you have revoked your proxy; or
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you may attend the special meeting, revoke your proxy, and vote in person, as indicated above.
No Additional Matters May Be Presented at the Special Meeting
The special meeting has been called to consider only the approval of the NASDAQ Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal. Under our bylaws, other
than procedural matters incident to the conduct of the special meeting, no other matters may be considered at the special meeting if they are not included in this proxy statement, which serves as the
notice of the special meeting.
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Who Can Answer Your Questions About Voting Your Shares or Warrants
If you have any questions about how to vote or direct a vote in respect of your shares of Common Stock, you may call Morrow Sodali, our proxy
solicitor, at (877) 787-9239 (banks and brokerage firms, please call collect: (203) 658-9400).
Appraisal Rights
Appraisal rights are not available to holders of shares of Common Stock in connection with the Proposals being voted on at the special meeting.
Proxy Solicitation Costs
The Company is soliciting proxies on behalf of its board of directors. This solicitation is being made by mail but also may be made by telephone
or in person. The Company and its directors, officers and employees may also solicit proxies in person. The Company will file with the SEC all scripts and other electronic communications as proxy
soliciting materials. The Company will bear the cost of the solicitation.
The
Company has hired Morrow Sodali to assist in the proxy solicitation process. The Company will pay that firm a fee of $6,500, plus disbursements. The Company will ask banks, brokers
and other institutions, nominees and fiduciaries to forward the proxy materials to their principals and to obtain their authority to execute proxies and voting instructions. The Company will reimburse
them for their reasonable expenses.
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