TIDMHOC

RNS Number : 5049C

Hochschild Mining PLC

23 February 2022

23 February 2022

Hochschild Mining plc

Preliminary Results

Year ended 31 December 2021

HOCHSCHILD MINING PLC RESULTS FOR YEARED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Hochschild delivers strong results and strategic progress

Significant 2021 financial performance

-- Strong balance sheet and financial performance despite continuing Covid-19 impact

-- Revenue of $811.4 million (2020: $621.8 million) ([1])

-- Adjusted EBITDA of $382.8 million (2020: $270.9 million) ([2])

-- Profit before income tax (pre-exceptional) of $148.7 million (2020: $85.8 million)

-- Profit before income tax (post-exceptional) of $137.3 million (2020: $62.9 million)

-- Basic earnings per share (pre-exceptional) of $0.14 (2020: $0.06)

-- Basic earnings per share (post-exceptional) of $0.15 (2020: $0.03)

-- Cash and cash equivalent balance of $386.8 million as at 31 December 2021 (2020: $231.9 million)

-- Net cash of $86.3 million as at 31 December 2021 (2020: net cash of $21.6 million)

-- Final proposed dividend of 2.3 cents per share ($12.0 million) bringing the full-year total cash dividend to $22.0 million (2020: $32.6 million) [3]

-- Dividend in specie of $94.9 million from Aclara demerger

2021 Operational strength ([4])

-- All-in sustaining costs (AISC) from operations of $1,241 per gold equivalent ounce (2020: $1,098) or $14.4 per silver equivalent ounce (2020: $12.8) in line with full year cost guidance of $1,210-$1,250 per gold equivalent ounce or $14.1-14.5 per silver equivalent ounce [5]

-- Full year attributable production of 362,972 gold equivalent ounces (31.2 million silver equivalent ounces) in line with attributable production guidance of 360,000-372,000 gold equivalent ounces (31.0-32.0 million silver equivalent ounces)

-- Strong operational performance despite impact from Covid protocols in 2021

2021 Exploration & Business Development highlights

-- Resource additions on a 100% basis:

o 75 million silver equivalent ounces in 2021 using 72x gold silver ratio

o 83 million silver equivalent ounces in 2021 using 86x gold silver ratio

-- 2021 total reserves up 12% with reserve grade up approximately 19% versus 2020

-- Announcement of definitive agreement to acquire Amarillo Gold in Brazil; completion expected in Q1 2022

-- Option exercised to start earning-in 60% interest in Skeena Resources' Snip gold project

-- Completion of demerger and listing of Aclara Resources Inc. on the TSX

-- Volcan gold project CEO appointed; 2022 work programme being developed

2021 ESG KPIs

-- Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate of 1.26 (2020: 1.38) [6]

-- Accident Severity Index of 676 (2020: 474) [7]

-- Safety KPIs exclude impact of June 2021 bus accident in line with parameters adopted by Hochschild in 2018 with reference to guidance from International Council on Mining and Metals

-- Water consumption of 193lt/person/day (2020: 231lt/person/day)

-- Domestic waste generation of 1.00 kg/person/day (2020: 1.18kg/person/day)

-- ECO score of 5.29 out of 6 (2020: 5.74) [8]

2022 outlook

-- Production target:

o 335,000-345,000 gold equivalent ounces (28.8-29.7 million silver equivalent ounces) using 86x gold silver ratio

o 360,000-375,000 gold equivalent ounces (26.0-27.0 million silver equivalent ounces) using 72x gold silver ratio

-- All-in sustaining costs target:

o $1,440-$1,480 per gold equivalent ounce ($16.8-17.2 per silver equivalent ounce) using 86x gold silver ratio

o $1,330-$1,370 per gold equivalent ounce ($18.5-19.0 per silver equivalent ounce) using 72x gold silver ratio

-- Total sustaining and development capital expenditure expected to be approximately $150-160 million

-- Brownfield exploration budget expected to be approximately $34 million

-- Amarillo/Posse gold project capital expenditure in Brazil planned for $120 million

-- Greenfield budget of approximately $11 million; Snip investment expected to be approximately $9 million

 
 $000 unless stated                                        Year ended     Year ended   % change 
                                                          31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                                                        -------------  ------------- 
 Attributable silver production (koz)                          12,174          9,808         24 
 Attributable gold production (koz)                               221            175         26 
 Revenue                                                      811,387        621,827         30 
 Adjusted EBITDA                                              382,837        270,918         41 
 Profit from continuing operations (pre-exceptional)           67,450         36,192         86 
 Profit from continuing operations (post-exceptional)          71,106         20,426        248 
 Basic earnings per share (pre-exceptional) $                    0.14           0.06        133 
 Basic earnings per share (post-exceptional) $                   0.15           0.03        400 
------------------------------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

________________________________________________________________________________________

A presentation will be held for analysts and investors at 9.30am (UK time) on Wednesday 23 February 2022 at the offices of Hudson Sandler,

25 Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6AE

The presentation and a link to the live audio webcast of the presentation can be found at the Hochschild website:

www.hochschildmining.com

or:

https://webcasting.brrmedia.co.uk/broadcast/61ee86fe73640b735eff25bb

   To join the event via   conference call, please see dial in details below: 

UK Toll-Free Number: 0800 279 6877

International Dial in: +44 (0)330 336 9601

US/Canada Toll-Free Number: 800-289-0720

Pin: 3326250#

________________________________________________________________________________________

Enquiries:

Hochschild Mining plc

Charles Gordon

+44 (0)20 3709 3264

Head of Investor Relations

Hudson Sandler

Charlie Jack

+44 (0)20 7796 4133

Public Relations

________________________________________________________________________________________

Non-IFRS Financial Performance Measures

The Company has included certain non-IFRS measures in this news release. The Company believes that these measures, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, provide investors an improved ability to evaluate the underlying performance of the Company. The non-IFRS measures are intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS. These measures do not have any standardised meaning prescribed under IFRS, and therefore may not be comparable to other issuers.

About Hochschild Mining plc:

Hochschild Mining plc is a leading precious metals company listed on the London Stock Exchange (HOCM.L / HOC LN) with a primary focus on the exploration, mining, processing and sale of silver and gold. Hochschild has over fifty years' experience in the mining of precious metal epithermal vein deposits and currently operates three underground epithermal vein mines, two located in southern Peru and one in southern Argentina. Hochschild also has numerous long-term projects throughout the Americas.

CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT

2021 was a very demanding year for the Company due to the continued effects of Covid-19 and challenges resulting from operating in jurisdictions with increased political, regulatory and social risk. I am very proud of the resilience and dedication demonstrated by all colleagues in successfully delivering on our annual targets and ensuring our commitments to the environment, our stakeholders and communities remain the utmost priority. Hochschild is in a strong position strategically and in 2021 we made a number of changes to our portfolio that lay the foundations for sustainable low-cost growth in the near future.

However, I would like to first turn to an event that severely affected us in June 2021. A tragic traffic accident took place in southern Peru involving our transport contractor which claimed the lives of 26 people who worked at our Pallancata operation. The entire organisation has been deeply upset by this unprecedented incident and the management team ensured everything possible was done to investigate its circumstances and provide a wide range of support to everyone affected. We have worked with the local authorities and the contractor with their respective accident investigations and have provided whatever support we can with the aim of avoiding such incidents in the future.

Safety remains our highest priority and in 2021, we continued with the implementation of the second stage of our safety plan, known as Safety 2.0. The plan combines technical and people-focused approaches and, during the year, we saw our risk management systems externally reviewed as well as the development of an all-encompassing safety indicator - the "Seguscore". This will help us to further embed a safety-first culture across our organisation. As reported in the interim results, we regrettably suffered a fatal accident at San Jose towards the end of the first quarter, and, in November a contractor was fatally injured at the Aclara rare earths project. Further details on these accidents will be provided in our 2021 Sustainability report.

I am very proud to report a strong environmental performance in 2021. For the first time ever, four of our assets achieved the highest rating under our internally designed ECO Score. This innovative indicator distils, in one single number, numerous facets of environmental management. Furthermore, in acknowledgement of our responsibilities to our stakeholders, we sought in 2021 to build on our environmental reporting practices. Our first standalone Sustainability Report received external recognition and we look to build on this success with numerous initiatives this year including, most notably, our ambition to achieve Carbon Neutrality, which is well advanced and due to be published later this quarter.

As Covid-19 eased in 2021, our community relations team was able to resume its focus on our key local initiatives. In education, we donated almost 300 tablets to elementary schoolchildren close to our Inmaculada mine to enhance learning. We were also able to continue implementing our strategy of establishing digital centres to service the communities by establishing three more in the Ayacucho region, in southern Peru. With regards to health and nutrition, we co-ordinated home visits to promote early child development and facilitated a Covid-19 vaccination programme for the elderly. We also launched a project in a town close to Inmaculada, which seeks to enhance access to water by installing equipment to collect and store water for domestic use. Finally, among the many programmes promoting economic development, we provided technical support to community-led agricultural activities as part of our "Impulso Productivo" programme. You can find further details on our work in the Sustainability Report.

In November, the Company faced an unprecedented situation when the Peruvian Head of Cabinet published minutes of a meeting held in Ayacucho which arbitrarily provided for the closure and withdrawal of certain mining projects, including the Company's Pallancata and Inmaculada mines. It was further announced that approvals would no longer be granted to authorize additional mining, exploration, or expansion activities in relation to these mines. However, the Government subsequently affirmed its commitment to upholding the rule of law and acknowledged the continued rights of mining companies to request extensions and modifications of existing permits for mining and exploration activities. Whilst we never stopped operating, this crisis exemplifies the country's current heightened political, regulatory and social risk.

2021 was a crucial year for business development. In the second half, we executed three different transactions that have reshaped our company into one that is focused on delivering mid-term growth across a wider range of jurisdictions in the Americas. In September, we exercised our option to start earning-in a 60% interest in Skeena Resources' Snip gold project in British Columbia. In November, we announced the acquisition of Amarillo Gold with its Posse gold project in Brazil, which is due to commence production in 2024. Both projects complement our current portfolio and, with Canada and Brazil, we are entering two jurisdictions that have established and stable mining histories. Finally, we were pleased to complete the demerger and listing on the Toronto Stock Exchange of our Chilean rare earth business, renamed Aclara Resources. With almost $100 million of capital raised concurrently, Aclara is in a strong position to advance the Penco project and our confidence is confirmed by our decision to retain a 20% stake.

Turning to our operations, we were once again able to deliver on our annual production and cost targets despite our stringent Covid protocols remaining in place throughout the year. In addition, precious metal prices remained strong, and with our business continuing to generate robust free cashflow and the additional liquidity provided by our increased loan, we are in a comfortable position to finance the construction of the Posse project over the next two years and advance Snip through the development phase.

Our brownfield programme also made excellent progress this year. The team made significant discoveries at Inmaculada in the north west of the deposit which they expect will add further high grade resources to the mine plan. At San Jose, we have also added resources near to the current mine whilst at Pallancata, we have been able to optimise the long term mine plan utilising the existing resource base and have extended the life of the operation for a further two years whilst we look for additional near-mine and regional resource opportunities.

Sanjay Sarma stepped down from the Hochschild Board to join the board of Aclara Resources on completion of the demerger. I would like to thank Sanjay for the valuable and unique perspective he has brought to the Hochschild Board discussions. I am delighted that Tracey Kerr joined the Hochschild Board on 10 December. She brings vast experience in areas of crucial importance to the Company including geology, safety and sustainability. The Board and I look forward to working closely with Tracey.

Outlook

2021 saw precious metal prices in a period of consolidation. Gold fell slightly by 3.5% in the year and silver was much more volatile, down 11.5% although this followed a 47% rise in 2020. However, the ongoing price strength allied to reliable operational performance and good cost control has resulted in high levels of profitability and continued good cashflow. We have maintained a strong capital base and have managed the Company's balance sheet and liquidity to ensure long-term financial stability. The Board is therefore pleased to recommend a final dividend of 2.3 cents per share ($12.0 million).

Our Company is managed with a conviction that acting responsibly and with integrity is the only way to build and manage a business over the long term. We have a clear sense of our social purpose and a strong belief in our duty to respect the dignity of everyone who works for us. In, addition, we have always been committed to operating under the highest standards of corporate citizenship, environmental and industry best practice whilst acting as a good and supportive neighbour to the communities around us and recognising our wider obligations to society as a whole. The Board and I would like to thank all of our stakeholders for their contributions and continued support during such a momentous period.

Eduardo Hochschild, Chairman

22 February 2022

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER'S STATEMENT

2021 has been an important year for our Company. We have taken decisive strategic action to shape Hochschild's future and delivered strong operational and financial results whilst continuing to operate responsibly and focus on the implementation of our ESG strategy. I continue to be very proud of all our people and their response to numerous challenges again posed by the pandemic and also by a volatile political, economic and social environment in Peru.

Such solid operational delivery provides the foundation upon which, in the second half of the year, we announced the acquisition of Amarillo Gold Corp. in Brazil, exercised our option to start earning-in a 60% interest in the Snip gold project in Canada and demerged our rare earths business, Aclara Resources, and listed it on the Toronto Stock Exchange. We believe that these strategic steps will underpin Hochschild's ability to grow shareholder value over the next decade.

ESG

The tragic traffic accident of our transport contractor which the Chairman has discussed in his statement was a shock for everyone in our Company. However, our commitment to a broad suite of ESG initiatives remains absolute as part of our focus on safety and responsibility towards the environment and our stakeholders. Given the partially reduced dominance of Covid-19 in 2021, we were able to resume our focus on the key pillars of our work with the local communities with numerous and wide-ranging initiatives in education, digital strategy, health and nutrition, access to safe sources of water, local employment and procurement of local goods and services. On the environmental front, we again achieved an excellent ECO score, enhanced our reporting by participating in the Carbon Disclosure Project ('CDP') and early-adopting the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures ('TCFD') reporting requirements, and we are currently working hard to complete our first corporate strategy to become net zero carbon. During the year, we also continued to invest in our safety risk-management system which will support and complement the various programmes in our safety plan.

Operations

Hochschild's output in 2021 continued our good record in meeting annual guidance. Overall production was 362,972 gold equivalent ounces (31.2 million silver equivalent ounces) which was understandably substantially higher than the Covid-impacted 2020 figure of 289,293 gold equivalent ounces (24.9 million silver equivalent ounces). This was produced at an all-in sustaining cost of $1,241 per gold equivalent ounce ($14.4 per silver equivalent ounce) which was slightly higher than 2020 reflecting increased development capital expenditure. Hochschild's flagship mine, Inmaculada had another strong year producing 238,238 gold equivalent ounces (2020: 176,086 ounces) at $971 per gold equivalent ounce.

At Pallancata, production in 2021 reflected the current focus on mine development and brownfield exploration to extend the mine life but still had a steady year delivering 4.4 million silver equivalent ounces (2020: 4.8 million ounces) at a cost of $22.8 per silver equivalent ounce. In Argentina, San Jose operated throughout the year but continued to experience Covid-related restrictions on labour availability in the country limiting the Company's ability to access certain planned mining zones and impacting grades. Production was 12.4 million silver equivalent ounces (2020: 9.7 million ounces) with costs at $16.7 per silver equivalent ounce.

Business Development

In October, we decided to exercise our option to start earning-in a 60% interest in Skeena Resources' Snip project in Tahltan Territory of British Columbia. This represented the first step in our strategy to add another high-grade project with strong upside potential into our pipeline. Since October, we have established a positive dialogue with the Tahltan Nation and provincial authorities, designed an ambitious drill program for 2022, and built a team to take over operations management at the project. It is an exciting time for Hochschild as we build out our Canadian presence.

Also in October, we announced the demerger of our rare earths business, Aclara Resources and its listing on the Toronto Stock Exchange. We believe that it was the logical next step forward and that, as two standalone businesses, both Hochschild and Aclara will have the greatest potential for delivering long-term value creation. Each will have their own strategic focus on their respective products, their own dedicated management teams, separated access to capital and an independent valuation whilst maintaining a strategic relationship that will allow Aclara to benefit from Hochschild's track record on project execution and ESG. Furthermore, we felt that current and future Hochschild shareholders will also benefit from retaining a meaningful stake in a business that offers an exciting proposition in a high growth market. We were pleased that the demerger and IPO was completed in December with almost $100 million raised.

In November, we announced a definitive agreement to acquire Amarillo Gold for a net acquisition cost of C$135 million ($106 million) with the key asset being the flagship Posse gold project located in Goiás State, Brazil. The acquisition enhances our project pipeline and is the result of a long-term Company review process of a wide range of growth opportunities. Posse is an attractive low-cost project with relatively near-term production and strong exploration upside potential. With our significant experience in developing precious metal deposits in the Americas, Hochschild is ideally placed to take Posse to its next stage and generate strong sustainable value for the Company and the project's local stakeholders as well as widening our focus in stable mining jurisdictions in the Americas.

Exploration

Once again the brownfield programme focused on the surrounding areas of all three of our mines and I am pleased to report that our team have had a successful campaign and delivered resource increases at both Inmaculada and San Jose. At Inmaculada, drilling in the Angela North and surrounding veins yielded just over 850,000 gold equivalent ounces at higher grades than current reserve grade whilst at San Jose we have added almost 13 million silver equivalent ounces close to current operations.[9] At Pallancata, the team completed a revised mine plan that incorporates the existing resource base and therefore have been able to guarantee the mine's future for the next two years at least. There remain some promising brownfield drill targets close to the current mine and in the district as a whole which could secure the long-term supply for the nearby Selene plant.

Financial position

A reliable production performance and strong price environment has resulted in our balance sheet remaining in an enviable position with cash and cash equivalents of $386.8 million at the end of December (2020: $231.9 million). This is before the estimated net payment of C$135 million for Amarillo Gold (due by the end of Q1 2022) and includes an additional $100 million medium-term loan (drawn down in December 2021) and a $20 million investment in the Aclara Resources Inc IPO. This has led to a net cash position of $86.3 million (31 December 2020: $21.6 million net cash).

Financial results

Total Group production was significantly higher versus 2020, which was impacted by the Covid related stoppages, and consequently, combined with a 12% rise in the silver price received, revenue increased to $811.4 million (2020: $621.8 million). All-in sustaining costs were in line with guidance at $14.4 per silver equivalent ounce (2020: $12.8 per ounce). Adjusted EBITDA of $382.8 million (2020: $270.9 million) mostly reflects the increased production levels and partially offset by increased cost of sales and administrative costs. Pre-exceptional earnings per share of $0.14 (2020: $0.06 per share) includes the impact of an increase in finance costs in Argentina and also of income tax arising from the impact of local currency devaluation in Peru and Argentina and the increased income tax rate in Argentina. Post-exceptional earnings per share was higher at $0.15 (2020: $0.03 earnings per share) mainly due to the exceptional gain on Aclara demerger of $37.5 million, partially offset by a $24.9 million impairment of Pallancata and $24.1 million of Covid-19 response initiatives which are also deemed to be exceptional as they were incremental to the Group's regular business. The net after-tax effect of exceptional items is $3.7 million.

Outlook

We expect attributable production in 2022 of between 360,000-375,000 gold equivalent ounces (26.0 to 27.0.0 million silver equivalent ounces) assuming the silver to gold ratio of 72:1 (the average ratio for 2021). This will be driven by: 218,000-222,000 gold equivalent ounces from Inmaculada; an attributable contribution of 5.7 to 6.1 million silver equivalent ounces from San Jose; and 4.6-4.9 million ounces from Pallancata. All-in sustaining costs for operations are expected at between $1,330 and $1,370 per gold equivalent ounce ($18.5 to $18.9 per silver equivalent ounce). This forecast includes lower grades at Inmaculada due to the inclusion into the mine plan of veins discovered between 2018 and 2020. It also includes a rise in mine development costs at Inmaculada and San Jose to access veins discovered in 2021 and increase reserves at San Jose.

The budget for brownfield exploration is at approximately $34 million with the greenfield and advanced project budget set at approximately $11 million. In addition, a budget of approximately $9 million has been allocated to advancing the Snip project in Canada with a project capex budget of $120 million assigned to the Posse project in Brazil.

We have also recently begun to re-establish operations in Chile at our 100%-owned Volcan gold project. In 2022, we expect to complete a work programme to optimise the business case for this substantial gold asset. In parallel, the project is expected to be restructured into a newly established Canadian company, named Tiernan Gold. Tiernan will be run by newly appointed CEO, Greg McCunn and during the year, we will be evaluating different strategic alternatives.

2022 promises to be another year of volatility and the world is not free from the pandemic yet. However, throughout our history, Hochschild has shown an ability to withstand operational, political and social challenges and we believe that we have the correct long-term strategy to generate value for our shareholders today while we transition the company for the future. Finally, our commitment to a broad suite of ESG initiatives remains absolute as part of our focus on safety and responsibility.

Ignacio Bustamante, Chief Executive Officer

22 February 2022

OPERATING REVIEW

OPERATIONS

Note: 2021 and 2020 equivalent figures calculated using the previous Company gold/silver ratio of 86x. All 2022 forecasts assume the average gold/silver ratio for 2021 of 72x.

Production

In 2021, Hochschild delivered attributable production of 362,972 gold equivalent ounces or 31.2 million silver equivalent ounces, in line with the Company's forecasts but with the increase versus 2020 reflecting the impact in 2020 from Covid-related disruptions throughout the year.

The overall attributable production target for 2022 is 360,000-375,000 gold equivalent ounces or 26.0-27.0 million silver equivalent ounces.

Total 2021 group production

 
                              Year ended     Year ended 
                             31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                           ------------- 
 Silver production 
  (koz)                           14,746         11,821 
 Gold production (koz)            262.39         207.08 
 Total silver equivalent 
  (koz)                           37,311         29,631 
 Total gold equivalent 
  (koz)                           433.85         344.54 
 Silver sold (koz)                14,712         11,846 
 Gold sold (koz)                  260.71         207.78 
-------------------------  -------------  ------------- 
 

Total production includes 100% of all production, including production attributable to Hochschild's minority shareholder at San Jose.

Attributable 2021 group production

 
                            Year ended     Year ended 
                           31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                         ------------- 
 Silver production 
  (koz)                         12,174          9,808 
 Gold production (koz)          221.42         175.24 
 Silver equivalent 
  (koz)                         31,216         24,879 
 Gold equivalent (koz)          362.97         289.29 
-----------------------  -------------  ------------- 
 

Attributable production includes 100% of all production from Inmaculada, Pallancata and 51% from San Jose.

Attributable 2022 Production forecast split

 
 Operation           Oz Au Eq   Moz Ag Eq 
             ---------------- 
 Inmaculada   218,000-222,000   15.7-16.0 
 Pallancata     64,000-68,000     4.6-4.9 
 San Jose       79,000-85,000     5.7-6.1 
-----------  ----------------  ---------- 
 Total        360,000-375,000   26.0-27.0 
-----------  ----------------  ---------- 
 

Costs

All-in sustaining cost from operations in 2021 was $1,241 per gold equivalent ounce or $14.4 per silver equivalent ounce (2020: $1,098 per gold equivalent ounce or $12.8 per silver equivalent ounce), higher than 2020 mainly as a result of lower grades at Pallancata and San Jose and higher costs and capital expenditure. Additional capital expenditure was also allocated to Pallancata and Inmaculada to develop resources for increasing life-of-mine. These figures do not include unabsorbed fixed costs from workers that were unable to work during the Covid 19 crisis of $8.7 million (2020: $44.7 million; includes fixed costs without depreciation from stoppages and operating at reduced capacity), as well as $22.5 million (2020: $27.6 million) of exceptional Covid-19 response initiatives.

The all-in sustaining cost from operations in 2022 is expected to be between $1,330 and $1,370 per gold equivalent ounce (or $18.5 and $19.0 per silver equivalent ounce). Grades at Inmaculada are expected to be lower due to the inclusion into the mine plan of veins discovered between 2018 and 2020. It also includes a rise in mine development costs at Inmaculada and San Jose to access veins discovered in 2021 and increase reserves at San Jose.

2022 AISC forecast split

 
 Operation                $/oz Au Eq   $/oz Ag Eq 
                        ------------ 
 Inmaculada              1,180-1,210    16.4-16.8 
 Pallancata              1,760-1,800    24.4-25.0 
 San Jose                1,370-1,410    19.0-19.6 
----------------------  ------------  ----------- 
 Total from operations   1,330-1,370    18.5-19.0 
----------------------  ------------  ----------- 
 

Inmaculada

The 100% owned Inmaculada gold/silver underground operation is located in the Department of Ayacucho in southern Peru. It commenced operations in June 2015.

 
 Inmaculada summary                Year ended     Year ended   % change 
                                  31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                                -------------  ------------- 
 Ore production (tonnes)            1,349,892        948,937         42 
 Average silver grade (g/t)               174            154         13 
 Average gold grade (g/t)                4.05           4.33        (6) 
 Silver produced (koz)                  6,236          4,034         55 
 Gold produced (koz)                   165.73         129.17         28 
 Silver equivalent produced 
  (koz)                                20,488         15,143         35 
 Gold equivalent produced 
  (koz)                                238.24         176.09         35 
 Silver sold (koz)                      6,216          4,020         55 
 Gold sold (koz)                       165.86         129.70         28 
 Unit cost ($/t)                         99.2           95.1          4 
 Total cash cost ($/oz Au 
  co-product)                             557            576        (3) 
 All-in sustaining cost ($/oz 
  Au Eq)                                  971            922          5 
------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

Production

The Inmaculada mine delivered gold equivalent production of 238,238 ounces (2020: 176,086 ounces) in 2021, with the increase versus 2020 due to the impact of two Covid-19 related stoppages during 2020. Grades and gold recoveries have proved to be higher than originally budgeted.

Costs

All-in sustaining costs were $971 per gold equivalent ounce (2020: $922 per ounce) with the increase versus 2020 due to a considerable portion of capital expenditure being deferred, including the tailings dam expansion, due to the stoppages and also due to lower scheduled gold grades partially offset by higher silver grades.

Pallancata

The 100% owned Pallancata silver/gold property is located in the Department of Ayacucho in southern Peru. Pallancata commenced production in 2007. Ore from Pallancata is transported 22 kilometres to the Selene plant for processing.

 
 Pallancata summary                Year ended     Year ended   % change 
                                  31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                                -------------  ------------- 
 Ore production (tonnes)              530,681        519,611          2 
 Average silver grade (g/t)               212            247       (14) 
 Average gold grade (g/t)                0.84           0.87        (3) 
 Silver produced (koz)                  3,261          3,679       (11) 
 Gold produced (koz)                    13.05          12.93          1 
 Silver equivalent produced 
  (koz)                                 4,382          4,790        (9) 
 Gold equivalent produced 
  (koz)                                 50.96          55.70        (9) 
 Silver sold (koz)                      3,263          3,654       (11) 
 Gold sold (koz)                        13.03          12.80          2 
 Unit cost ($/t)                        124.8          101.2         23 
 Total cash cost ($/oz Ag 
  co-product)                            19.2           13.1         47 
 All-in sustaining cost ($/oz 
  Ag Eq)                                 22.8           15.6         46 
------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

Production

In 2021, Pallancata produced 4.4 million silver equivalent ounces (2020: 4.8 million ounces) with the reduction versus the original forecast (5.4 -5.6 million ounces) due to the effects of lower-than-budgeted grades in line with the current declining production profile.

Costs

All-in sustaining costs were at $22.8 per silver equivalent ounce (2020: $15.6 per ounce). Costs were increased versus 2020 mainly due to the use of more conventional mining methods in 2021 and lower grades. The figure also included new capital expenditure for development work to access newly economic resources.

San Jose

The San Jose silver/gold mine is located in Argentina, in the province of Santa Cruz, 1,750 kilometres south west of Buenos Aires. San Jose commenced production in 2007. Hochschild holds a controlling interest of 51% and is the mine operator. The remaining 49% is owned by McEwen Mining Inc.

 
 San Jose summary                  Year ended     Year ended   % change 
                                  31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                                -------------  ------------- 
 Ore production (tonnes)              539,229        401,202         34 
 Average silver grade (g/t)               344            357        (4) 
 Average gold grade (g/t)                5.47           5.63        (3) 
 Silver produced (koz)                  5,250          4,108         28 
 Gold produced (koz)                    83.62          64.99         29 
 Silver equivalent produced 
  (koz)                                12,440          9,697         28 
 Gold equivalent produced 
  (koz)                                144.66         112.76         28 
 Silver sold (koz)                      5,233          4,172         25 
 Gold sold (koz)                        81.83          65.28         25 
 Unit cost ($/t)                        229.0          199.4         15 
 Total cash cost ($/oz Ag 
  co-product)                            13.3           11.1         20 
 All-in sustaining cost ($/oz 
  Ag Eq)                                 16.7           14.6         14 
------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

Production

San Jose's 2021 total production was 12.4 million silver equivalent ounces (2020: 9.7 million ounces) with the increase versus 2020 reflecting Covid-related stoppages, which impacted the 2020 result. Grades were lower than budgeted for the year but practically offset by higher than expected tonnage.

Costs

All-in sustaining costs were at $16.7 per silver equivalent ounce (2020: $14.6 per ounce) with the rise driven by higher production costs, increased mine development capex, higher exploration expenses and the purchase of new mining equipment.

EXPLORATION

Inmaculada

In 2021, the exploration team carried out 9,169m of potential drilling and 39,424m of resource drilling mostly testing the newly discovered Angela North, Juliana North East and Josefa structures. The key results are below:

 
 Vein           Results (potential/resource drilling) 
 Angela North   IMS21-056: 5.9m @ 2.5g/t Au & 99g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-062: 9.7m @ 91.7g/t Au & 3,013g/t 
                 Ag 
                 IMS21-063: 2.1m @ 6.5g/t Au & 217g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-065: 7.0m @ 3.7g/t Au & 198g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-066: 2.4m @ 4.3g/t Au & 386g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-067: 1.0m @ 2.4g/t Au & 234g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-070: 1.5m @ 2.1g/t Au & 156g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-071: 1.4m @ 3.6g/t Au & 123g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-072: 2.0m @ 1.8g/t Au & 109g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-075: 3.1m @ 5.5g/t Au & 341g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-077: 2.7m @ 1.4g/t Au & 103g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-078: 9.1m @ 14.1g/t Au & 424g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-087: 5.6m @ 12.6g/t Au & 494g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-069: 1.2m @ 7.1g/t Au & 533g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-078: 9.7m @ 14.1g/t Au & 424g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-085: 3.5m @ 5.2g/t Au & 149g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-088: 3.7m @ 5.9g/t Au & 304g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-089: 2.1m @ 1.9g/t Au & 109g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-100: 1.4m @ 3.2g/t Au & 171g/t Ag 
               ------------------------------------------ 
 Juliana        IMS21-079: 2.0m @ 12.8g/t Au & 527g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-088: 1.4m @ 6.8g/t Au & 292g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-174: 4.9m @ 11.3g/t Au & 33g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-182: 1.2m @ 50.8g/t Au & 81g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-184: 3.5m @ 18.0g/t Au & 977g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-127: 1.0m @ 1.8g/t Au & 259g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-127: 2.8m @ 2.2g/t Au & 115g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-127: 0.9m @ 2.8g/t Au & 196g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-149: 1.5m @ 8.7g/t Au & 62g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-149: 0.9m @ 3.6g/t Au & 111g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-155: 3.2m @ 7.5g/t Au & 774g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-156: 1.6m @ 3.2g/t Au & 33g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-156: 1.6m @ 3.2g/t Au & 31g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-156: 2.1m @ 13.8g/t Au & 316g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-150: 2.4m @ 20.7g/t Au & 1,255g/t 
                 Ag 
                 IMS21-151: 1.9m @ 2.0g/t Au & 141g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-058: 2.4m @ 1.3g/t Au & 119g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-174: 1.3m @ 3.3g/t Au & 172g/t Ag 
               ------------------------------------------ 
 Josefa         IMS21-155: 1.1m @ 17.6g/t Au & 1,149g/t 
                 Ag 
                 IMS21-155: 1.2m @ 4.3g/t Au & 70g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-155: 7.8m @ 2.0g/t Au & 70g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-155: 1.0m @ 3.6g/t Au & 114g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-198: 2.3m @ 2.3g/t Au & 312g/t Ag 
                 IMS21-200: 4.9m @ 3.8g/t Au & 311g/t Ag 
               ------------------------------------------ 
 

In 2021, 852,000 gold equivalent ounces have been added to the Inmaculada inferred resource base at a gold equivalent grade of 7.5 grams per tonne.

During the first quarter of 2022, the programme will focus on 2,100m of potential drilling in the west of the Angela North vein and in the north of the Eduardo vein zone. Other key targets for 2022 are Josefa, Juliana NE, Minascucho, Anomalia III and Anomalia IV.

Pallancata

At Pallancata, 19,390m of potential drilling was carried at the Pallancata vein, the Falla NW, Pablo, Pablo Piso and Marco veins vein structures and then later in the year at the Mirian, San Javier and the continuation of the Pallancata vein to the north west. In addition, there was drilling at the Pablo II target which intercepted quartz veins with grade and in the final quarter there were intercepts in quartz-sulphide veins, Laura and Demian. Key results are below:

 
 Vein            Results (potential drilling) 
 Pablo II        DLEP-A64: 2.7m @ 0.4g/t Au & 93g/t Ag 
                  DLEP-A65: 0.9m @ 0.7g/t Au & 222g/t Ag 
                ------------------------------------------ 
 Mirian          DLVC-A62: 3.4m @ 1.4g/t Au & 314g/t Ag 
                ------------------------------------------ 
 Norca           DLVC-A62: 1.0m @ 1.0g/t Au & 475g/t Ag 
                ------------------------------------------ 
 San Javier      DLVC-A62: 1.1m @ 0.6g/t Au & 473g/t Ag 
                ------------------------------------------ 
 Pallancata NW   DLPL-A969: 0.9m @ 1.6g/t Au & 181g/t Ag 
                ------------------------------------------ 
 Laura           DLLAU-A01: 1.9m @ 1.5g/t Au & 473g/t Ag 
                  Including : 1.2m @ 2.1g/t Au & 655g/t Ag 
                  DLLAU-A03: 2.5m @ 0.8g/t Au & 332g/t Ag 
                  Including : 1.1m @ 1.1g/t Au & 537g/t Ag 
                  DLLOL-A01: 6.9m @ 0.7g/t Au & 208g/t Ag 
                  Including : 1.5m @ 1.2g/t Au & 336g/t Ag 
                ------------------------------------------ 
 Demian          DLEP-A66: 1.3m @ 2.6g/t Au & 696g/t Ag 
                  DLLAU-A03: 2.6m @ 1.0g/t Au & 307g/t Ag 
                  Including : 1.1m @ 1.8g/t Au & 602g/t Ag 
                ------------------------------------------ 
 

In Q1 2022, the schedule consists of 5,000m of potential drilling in the Laura-Demian veins as well as the Paola, Rina 4, Stockwork Veta Juliet, Stockwork Pallancata Central and the Gracia veins. Other main targets for the year are expected to be Pablo West, Escarpa and Luisa.

San Jose

During 2021, the team carried out 11,455 m of potential drilling around the Saavedra area in several veins the Escondida, Betania, Isabel, Jimena, Agostina and Lucy veins as well as the North Telken area close to Cerro Negro. 6.673m of resource drilling was also executed targeting Escondida, and also in the area close to the current mine in the Amelia, Huevos Verdes, Olivia and Karina veins

 
 Vein                      Results (potential/resource drilling) 
 Isabel                    SJD-2210: 1.2m @ 4.9g/t Au & 552g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2211: 1.0m @ 3.7g/t Au & 376g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2241: 1.0m @ 8.2g/t Au & 499g/t Ag 
                            SJM-179: 1.3m @ 3.7g/t Au & 586g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Ramal Isabel 1            SJD-2210: 0.8m @ 2.2g/t Au & 772g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2241: 0.8m @ 1.6g/t Au & 337g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Ramal Isabel 2            SJD-2241: 2.0m @ 1.1g/t Au & 309g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Escondida                 SJM-529: 2.0m @ 62.5g/t Au & 5,571g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2267: 1.4m @ 18.4g/t Au & 1,879g/t 
                            Ag 
                            SJD-2273: 1.9m @ 2.5g/t Au & 284g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2280: 1.2m @ 2.4g/t Au & 317g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2280: 2.4m @ 2.7g/t Au & 305g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Betania                   SJD-2328: 2.0m @ 5.5g/t Au & 6g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2351: 1.1m @ 12.6g/t Au & 7g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2371: 6.3m @ 44.4g/t Au & 34g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2378: 1.9m @ 7.3g/t Au & 81g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2408: 2.6m @ 5.4g/t Au & 10g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2414: 3.4m @ 6.9g/t Au & 36g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Sig Betania               SJD-2408: 1.0m @ 6.1g/t Au & 11g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Jimena                    SJD-2353: 2.4m @ 3.8g/t Au & 40g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2372: 1.9m @ 14.5g/t Au & 342g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2378: 2.0m @ 8.5g/t Au & 24g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2399: 1.4m @ 3.1g/t Au & 157g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2406: 0.8m @ 2.6g/t Au & 482g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2410: 6.4m @ 7.1g/t Au & 56g/t Ag 
                            SJD-2418: 2.6m @ 3.1g/t Au & 12g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Agostina                  SJD-2378: 2.8m @ 5.1g/t Au & 13g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Amelia                    SJD-2329: 3.0m @ 13.0g/t Au & 1,740g/t 
                            Ag 
                            SJD-2342: 4.3m @ 14.9g/t Au & 1,381g/t 
                            Ag 
                            SJD-2361: 0.9m @ 3.4g/t Au & 323g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Tensional Huevos Verdes 
  N                        SJD-2346: 1.8m @ 6.7g/t Au & 582g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 Olivia                    SJD-2385: 0.8m @ 2.6g/t Au & 196g/t Ag 
                            SJM-547: 2.0m @ 7.8g/t Au & 366g/t Ag 
                          ----------------------------------------- 
 

In 2021 as a whole 12.7 million silver equivalent ounces have been added to the San Jose resource base at a silver equivalent grade of 881 grams per tonne.

The drilling plan for the first quarter of 2022 will focus on the western zone of the mine in the Olivia NW and Olivia NS structures. At Saavedra, an environmental permit is due before the programme can resume.

GREENFIELD

Hochschild's strategy with regards to its greenfield exploration programme is to maintain and drill a balanced portfolio of early-stage to advanced opportunities using a combination of earn-in joint ventures, private placements with junior exploration companies and the staking of properties.

Drilling in 2021 was carried out at: the Sarape project owned by Orogen in Mexico; the Cooke Mountain gold project owned by Adamera Minerals Corp in Washington, United States; the Condor project owned by a private company in Peru; and the Currant project owned by Da Venda Gold in Nevada, United States. Sarape was subsequently discarded. In addition, permitting work to drill in the near future is also being completed at the SW Pipe project owned by NV Gold Corp also in Nevada with drilling set to begin before the end of H1 2022. Permitting work has also continued at the Corvinon and Pampamali projects in Peru.

Given the increased political risk in Peru and Chile, the greenfield team has focused its exploration strategy primarily in North America to diversify geographic risk. Four new projects have been optioned during the year from EMX Royalties in Idaho and Nevada as well as the Red Rock prospect in Nevada from a private owner.

SNIP

Project description

Snip was acquired by Skeena from Barrick Gold Corp. in July 2017 and consists of one mining lease and eight mineral claims totalling approximately 4,546 hectares in the Liard Mining Division and is situated in Tahltan Territory. The former Snip mine produced approximately one million ounces of gold from 1991 until 1999 at an average gold grade of 27.5 g/t. Since then, the project has been improved with the recent construction of nearby infrastructure (paved highway, hydro-electric facilities and ocean port facilities) and substantially higher gold prices.

Underground drilling recommenced in late 2017 to explore for additional mineralised shoots in a large shear structure. A maiden mineral resource was announced in July 2020 including 244,000 ounces of gold in the indicated category at an average grade of 14.0 g/t and 402,000 ounces of gold in the inferred category at an average grade of 13.3 g/t. A Technical Report was issued in September 2020.

Subsequent drill campaigns, totalling approximately 32,000 metres, successfully:

-- upgraded areas of existing Inferred resources from the Mineral Resource Estimate to the Measured and Indicated categories;

   --      expanded the resource; and 

-- delineated additional mineralisation in previously unexplored areas of the near-mine environment.

In September 2018, Skeena granted Hochschild an option to earn a 60% interest in Snip over three years by spending twice the amount Skeena had spent since it originally optioned the property from Barrick in March 2016. Up until the exercise of the option, Skeena estimated that it had incurred approximately C$50 million of expenditure on the project.

Terms of the option

The exercise of the HOC Option was also subject to the following terms:

-- Hochschild must incur no less than C$7.5 million in exploration or development expenditures on Snip in each year of the Option Period (which, provided that Hochschild has incurred at least C$22.5 million on the project, can be extended by a further year on payment of US$1 million to Skeena);

-- On complying with the above, Hochschild must provide 60% of the financial assurance required by governmental authorities for the Snip mining properties; and

-- Hochschild can terminate the HOC Option at any time (with no liability to complete the aggregate spending requirement), but must make a cash payment for any shortfall in the minimum annual spend (or pro-rated minimum annual spend if terminated after the first anniversary of the notice exercising the HOC Option).

2022 plans

In 2022, Hochschild plans on continuing the drill campaigns and initiating selected studies and testwork. The Company plans on drilling approximately 10,000 metres from surface and underground during the year. Approximately 70% of planned metres will be for infill and twin holes, and 30% for exploration.

A Pre-Feasibility Study will be undertaken during the year, using existing resources and results from the 2022 programme, to trade-off a series of mining and mineral processing opportunities identified at the project, and assess a potential project development route to move to a Feasibility Study.

AMARILLO GOLD

On 30 November 2021, Hochschild announced that it had entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Amarillo Gold Corporation at a net acquisition cost of an estimated C$135 million.

The Transaction constitutes a Class 1 Transaction under the UK Listing Rules due to the level of Posse's Proven and Probable Reserves relative to those of Hochschild. As such, the Transaction is subject to Hochschild shareholder approval as well as the approvals of Amarillo shareholders, the Canadian court, regulatory authorities and the satisfaction of certain other customary conditions. The Transaction has been unanimously recommended by the board of directors of Amarillo and has the full support of Amarillo's major shareholders, Baccarat Trade Investments Ltd. and Eric Sprott. The Hochschild board believes the Transaction is in the best interests of Hochschild's and unanimously intends to recommend that shareholders vote in favour of the Transaction. Completion is expected to occur towards the end of this quarter.

Posse Overview

Posse is an open pit gold project located in Mara Rosa in the mining friendly jurisdiction of Goiás State, Brazil. The brownfield project benefits from existing infrastructure and attractive costs. Construction of certain infrastructure is underway, with the project having received several of the necessary installation licenses from state authorities in Goias during 2021 and 2022, including the licenses to install the power line and several mine components (e.g. waste piles, low grade deposit). Hochschild has revised the Posse mine plan contained in the August 2020 Definitive Feasibility Study, and will include further details in a mineral expert's report to be incorporated in the shareholder circular to be issued in the next few weeks.

Hochschild's Posse Mine Plan Forecasts

 
 Initial Mine Life               10 years 
 Average Annual Production       80koz Au (100koz Au over the first four years) 
                                ------------------------------------------------- 
 Average Annual AISC             US$750/oz Au - US$850/oz Au 
                                ------------------------------------------------- 
 Initial Capex                   US$180m - US$200m 
                                ------------------------------------------------- 
 Sustaining Capex                US$40m 
                                ------------------------------------------------- 
 After-Tax NPV(5%) at            US$150m - US$160m 
  US$1,600/oz Au 
                                ------------------------------------------------- 
 After-Tax IRR at US$1,600/oz 
  Au                             18% - 20% 
                                ------------------------------------------------- 
 After-Tax NPV(5%) at            US$200m - US$240m 
  US$1,800/oz Au 
                                ------------------------------------------------- 
 After-Tax IRR at US$1,800/oz 
  Au                             24% - 26% 
                                ------------------------------------------------- 
 

Posse NI 43-101 Proven and Probable Reserves

 
                        Tonnes     Au       Au 
                         (Mt)     (g/t)    (koz) 
 Proven                  11.8     1.20     456 
                       -------  -------  ------- 
 Probable                12.0     1.16     446 
                       -------  -------  ------- 
 Proven and Probable     23.8     1.18     902 
                       -------  -------  ------- 
 

Posse NI 43-101 Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resources

 
                           Tonnes     Au       Au 
                            (Mt)     (g/t)    (koz) 
 Measured                    14      1.2      510 
                          -------  -------  ------- 
 Indicated                   19      1.1      640 
                          -------  -------  ------- 
 Measured and Indicated      32      1.1     1,200 
                          -------  -------  ------- 
 Inferred [10]              0.1      0.6      1.7 
                          -------  -------  ------- 
 

Exploration Potential Overview

Hochschild has identified compelling near-mine and regional exploration opportunities for Posse and the Mara Rosa property. Posse is open down plunge to the southwest, providing potential to extend the mine life near the existing pit shell. There is also an opportunity to define multiple satellite deposits along the 10km Posse structural trend including the Araras, Speti 24 and Pastinho priority targets. Recent drilling has identified Pastinho as a promising target with similar geological characteristics to Posse and multiple parallel gold structures extending from the surface to approximately 200 m of vertical depth while remaining open. In addition to the 2,500 hectares of mining concessions containing the Posse deposit and the 6,000 hectares of exploration concessions on the Posse structural trend, Hochschild will acquire an additional 59,000 hectares of regional exploration concessions on the Mara Rosa property.

VOLCAN

On 20 January 2002, Hochschild announced the appointment of Greg McCunn as CEO of the Volcan gold project in Chile. Concurrently, the Board has approved a work programme for 2022 which includes reestablishing operations in the Copiapo province, updating the mineral resource estimate and exploring ways of optimising the project development plan which are expected to be outlined in a new technical report.

Hochschild is also expected to restructure the project into a newly incorporated Canadian company (100%-owned by the Company) named 'Tiernan Gold'. In parallel with completion of the technical report, the Company will be evaluating strategic alternatives for Tiernan Gold.

FINANCIAL REVIEW

The reporting currency of Hochschild Mining plc is U.S. dollars. In discussions of financial performance, the Group removes the effect of exceptional items, unless otherwise indicated, and in the income statement results are shown both pre and post such exceptional items. Exceptional items are those items, which due to their nature or the expected infrequency of the events giving rise to them, need to be disclosed separately on the face of the income statement to enable a better understanding of the financial performance of the Group and to facilitate comparison with prior years.

Revenue

Gross revenue [11]

Gross revenue from continuing operations increased by 29% to $831.0 million in 2021 (2020: $641.5 million) mainly due to the rebound to a normal year of operation following the production stoppages during 2020 resulting from the Covid-19 crisis. In addition, there was a strong rise in the average realised silver price.

In February 2021, the Company hedged 4 million ounces of 2021 silver production at $27.10 per ounce and 4 million ounces of 2022 silver production at $26.86 per ounce. On 10 November 2021, the Company hedged 3.3 million ounces of 2023 silver production at $25.00 per ounce. During the year ended 31 December 2021, 4.0 million silver ounces were hedged at $27.10 per ounce, boosting the realised price.

Gold

Gross revenue from gold in 2021 increased to $464.3 million (2020: $376.9 million) due to the 25% rise in gold sales resulting from the rebound of production versus the Covid-19 impacted 2020. This was partially offset by a 2% fall in the average realised gold price.

Silver

Gross revenue from silver increased in 2021 to $366.2 million (2020: $264.5 million) due to a 24% rise in silver sales resulting from the rebound of production versus the Covid-19 impacted 2020. This was significantly augmented by a 12% rise in the average realised silver price.

Gross average realised sales prices

The following table provides figures for average realised prices ( before the deduction of commercial discounts) and ounces sold for 2021 and 2020:

 
 Average realised prices                Year ended     Year ended 
                                       31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                                     -------------  ------------- 
 Silver ounces sold (koz)                   14,712         11,846 
 Avg. realised silver price ($/oz)            24.9           22.3 
 Gold ounces sold (koz)                     260.71         207.77 
 Avg. realised gold price ($/oz)             1,781          1,814 
-----------------------------------  -------------  ------------- 
 

Commercial discounts

Commercial discounts refer to refinery treatment charges, refining fees and payable deductions for processing concentrate, and are deducted from gross revenue on a per tonne basis (treatment charge), per ounce basis (refining fees) or as a percentage of gross revenue (payable deductions). In 2021, the Group recorded commercial discounts of $19.6 million (2020: $19.7 million) in line with 2020. The ratio of commercial discounts to gross revenue in 2021 was 2% (2020: 3%).

Net revenue

Net revenue was $811.4 million (2020: $621.8 million), comprising net gold revenue of $457.8 million (2020: $370.1 million) and net silver revenue of $353.1 million (2020: $251.6 million). In 2021, gold accounted for 56% and silver 44% of the Company's consolidated net revenue (2020: gold 60% and silver 40%).

Reconciliation of gross revenue by mine to Group net revenue

 
 $000                      Year ended     Year ended   % change 
                          31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                        -------------  ------------- 
 Silver revenue 
 Inmaculada                   156,675         84,651         85 
 Pallancata                    82,727         83,405        (1) 
 San Jose                     126,790         96,472         31 
 Commercial discounts        (13,088)       (12,932)          1 
----------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Net silver revenue           353,104        251,596         40 
----------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Gold revenue 
 Inmaculada                   296,160        230,255         29 
 Pallancata                    22,989         24,154        (5) 
 San Jose                     145,187        122,483         19 
 Commercial discounts         (6,517)        (6,810)        (4) 
----------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Net gold revenue             457,819        370,082         24 
----------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Other revenue                    464            149        211 
----------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Net revenue                  811,387        621,827         30 
----------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

Cost of sales

Total cost of sales before exceptional items was $487.8 million in 2021 (2020: $397.8 million). The direct production cost excluding depreciation was higher at $323.4 million (2020: $218.2 million) mainly due the Covid-19 related stoppages affecting 2020. Abnormal costs during the phases of reduced production capacity were $8.7 million (2020: $46.5 million). Depreciation in production cost increased to $148.8 million (2020: $113.1 million) due to higher extracted volumes across all operations, again mainly due to the stoppages affecting 2020. Unallocated fixed costs from workers that were unable to work during the Covid-19 crisis were $8.7 million (2020: $46.5 million; includes fixed costs from stoppages and operating at reduced capacity), and are shown separately below.

 
 $000                                  Year ended     Year ended   % Change 
                                      31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                                    -------------  ------------- 
 Direct production cost excluding 
  depreciation                            323,418        218,212         48 
 Depreciation in production cost          148,842        113,146         32 
 Other items and workers profit 
  sharing                                   6,512          2,632        147 
 Fixed costs during operational 
  stoppages and reduced capacity            8,680         46,480       (81) 
 Change in inventories                        320         17,323       (98) 
----------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Cost of sales                            487,772        397,793         23 
----------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

Fixed costs during operational stoppages and reduced capacity

 
 $000                               Year ended     Year ended   % Change 
                                   31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                                 -------------  ------------- 
 Personnel                               7,607         32,117       (76) 
 Third party services                      995          8,948       (89) 
 Supplies                                    -          1,698          - 
 Depreciation and amortisation               -          1,818          - 
 Others                                     78          1,899       (96) 
-------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Cost of sales                           8,680         46,480       (81) 
-------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

Unit cost per tonne

The Company reported unit cost per tonne at its operations of $133.5 per tonne in 2021, an 11% increase versus 2020 ($119.9 per tonne) This was due to: higher costs in Inmaculada resulting from using more semi-mechanised mining methods with a higher extraction cost; higher costs at Pallancata due to the use of more conventional mining methods; and higher costs in San Jose from expenditure related to the accessing and mining of incremental resources.

Unit cost per tonne by operation (including royalties) [12] :

 
 Operating unit ($/tonne)      Year ended     Year ended   % change 
                              31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                            -------------  ------------- 
 Peru                               106.5           97.5          9 
 Inmaculada                          99.2           95.1          4 
 Pallancata                         124.8          101.2         23 
--------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Argentina 
 San Jose                           229.0          199.4         15 
--------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Total                              133.5          119.9         11 
--------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

Cash costs

Cash costs include cost of sales, commercial deductions and selling expenses before exceptional items, less depreciation included in cost of sales.

Cash cost reconciliation [13]

Year ended 31 Dec 2021

 
 $000 unless otherwise indicated         Inmaculada   Pallancata   San Jose       Total 
                                        -----------  -----------  --------- 
 Group cash cost                            141,316       80,354    150,663     372,333 
--------------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ---------- 
 (+) Cost of sales [14]                     213,812       93,049    172,231     479,092 
 (-) Depreciation and amortisation in 
  cost of sales                            (76,372)     (19,915)   (49,195)   (145,482) 
 (+) Selling expenses                           616          620     14,195      15,431 
 (+) Commercial deductions [15]               3,260        6,600     13,432      23,292 
     Gold                                     2,164        1,034      5,717       8,915 
     Silver                                   1,096        5,566      7,715      14,377 
--------------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ---------- 
 Revenue                                    452,835       99,116    258,972     810,923 
--------------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ---------- 
 Gold                                       296,160       21,955    139,704     457,819 
 Silver                                     156,675       77,161    119,268     353,104 
 Ounces sold 
                                        -----------  -----------  --------- 
 Gold                                         165.9         13.0       81.8       260.7 
 Silver                                       6,216        3,263      5,233      14,712 
--------------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ---------- 
 Group cash cost ($/oz) 
--------------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ---------- 
 Co product Au                                  557        1,366        993         806 
 Co product Ag                                  7.9         19.2       13.3        11.0 
 By product Au                                 (99)        (182)        289          19 
 By product Ag                               (25.3)         17.6        1.0       (6.4) 
--------------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ---------- 
 

Year ended 31 Dec 2020

 
 $000 unless otherwise indicated                   Inmaculada            Pallancata              San Jose       Total 
                                        ---------------------  --------------------  -------------------- 
 Group cash cost                                      102,135                62,181               107,119     271,435 
--------------------------------------  ---------------------  --------------------  --------------------  ---------- 
 (+) Cost of sales [16]                               154,950                83,272               113,091     351,313 
 (-) Depreciation and amortisation in 
  cost of sales                                      (55,338)              (28,608)              (30,716)   (114,662) 
 (+) Selling expenses                                     417                   632                11,705      12,754 
 (+) Commercial deductions [17]                         2,106                 6,885                13,039      22,030 
     Gold                                                 117                 1,102                 5,715       6,934 
     Silver                                             1,989                 5,783                 7,324      15,096 
--------------------------------------  ---------------------  --------------------  --------------------  ---------- 
 Revenue                                              314,906               100,674               206,098     621,678 
--------------------------------------  ---------------------  --------------------  --------------------  ---------- 
 Gold                                                 230,255                23,052               116,775     370,082 
 Silver                                                84,651                77,622                89,323     251,596 
 Ounces sold 
                                        ---------------------  --------------------  -------------------- 
 Gold                                                   129.7                  12.8                  65.3       207.8 
 Silver                                                 4,020                 3,654                 4,172      11,846 
--------------------------------------  ---------------------  --------------------  --------------------  ---------- 
 Group cash cost ($/oz) 
--------------------------------------  ---------------------  --------------------  --------------------  ---------- 
 Co product Au                                            576                 1,112                   930         778 
 Co product Ag                                            6.8                  13.1                  11.1         9.3 
 By product Au                                            119               (1,658)                   160          23 
 By product Ag                                         (31.9)                  10.4                 (3.7)       (8.9) 
--------------------------------------  ---------------------  --------------------  --------------------  ---------- 
 

Co-product cash cost per ounce is the cash cost allocated to the primary metal (allocation based on proportion of revenue), divided by the ounces sold of the primary metal. By-product cash cost per ounce is the total cash cost minus revenue and commercial discounts of the by-product divided by the ounces sold of the primary metal.

All-in sustaining cost reconciliation [18]

All-in sustaining cash costs per silver equivalent ounce

Year ended 31 Dec 2021

 
  $000 unless otherwise indicated    Inmaculada   Pallancata   San Jose          Main   Corporate     Total 
                                                                           operations           & 
                                                                                           others 
                                    -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ---------- 
  (+) Direct production cost 
   excluding depreciation               134,110       66,859    122,449       323,418           -   323,418 
  (+) Other items and workers 
   profit sharing in cost 
   of sales                               3,489        3,023          -         6,512           -     6,512 
  (+) Operating and exploration 
   capex for units [19]                  76,512       14,526     41,325       132,363       1,735   134,098 
  (+) Brownfield exploration 
   expenses                               3,276        5,993      9,653        18,923       3,658    22,581 
  (+) Administrative expenses 
   (excl depreciation) [20]               4,909        1,074      6,104        12,087      38,782    50,870 
  (+) Royalties and special 
   mining tax [21]                        5,190        1,136          -         6,326       5,916    12,242 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  Sub-total                             227,486       92,612    179,532       499,629      50,092   549,721 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  Au ounces produced                    165,730       13,045     83,615       262,390           -   262,390 
  Ag ounces produced (000s)               6,236        3,261      5,250        14,746                14,746 
  Ounces produced (Ag Eq 
   000s oz)                              20,488        4,382     12,440        37,311           -    37,311 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  Sub-total ($/oz Ag Eq)                   11.1         21.1       14.4          13.4           -      14.7 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  (+) Commercial deductions               3,260        6,600     13,432        23,292           -    23,292 
  (+) Selling expenses                      616          620     14,195        15,431           -    15,431 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  Sub-total                               3,876        7,220     27,627        38,723           -    38,723 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  Au ounces sold                        165,857       13,027     81,831       260,714           -   260,714 
  Ag ounces sold (000s)                   6,216        3,263      5,233        14,712           -    14,712 
  Ounces sold (Ag Eq 000s 
   oz)                                   20,480        4,383     12,270        37,133           -    37,133 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  Sub-total ($/oz Ag Eq)                    0.2          1.6        2.3           1.0           -       1.0 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  All-in sustaining costs 
   ($/oz Ag Eq)                            11.3         22.8       16.7          14.4         1.3      15.8 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
  All-in sustaining costs 
   ($/oz Au Eq)                             971        1,959      1,435         1,241         115     1,357 
----------------------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------  ------------  ----------  -------- 
 

Not included in the figure are unabsorbed fixed costs from workers that were unable to work during the Covid 19 crisis of $8.7 million (2020: $44.7 million; includes fixed costs without depreciation from stoppages and operating at reduced capacity), as well as $22.5 million (2020: $27.6 million) of exceptional Covid-19 response initiatives. These effects would have an impact on the AISC from main operations of $0.2/oz Ag Eq and $0.6/oz Ag Eq respectively (2020: $1.5/oz Ag Eq and $0.9/oz Ag Eq respectively).

Year ended 31 Dec 2020

 
  $000 unless            Inmaculada   Pallancata               San Jose                    Main   Corporate                Total 
  otherwise indicated                                                                operations    & others 
                        -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ---------- 
  (+) Direct 
   production cost 
   excluding 
   depreciation              86,874       51,534                 79,804                 218,212           -              218,212 
  (+) Other items and 
   workers 
   profit sharing in 
   cost 
   of sales                   1,383        1,249                      -                   2,632           -                2,632 
  (+) Operating and 
   exploration 
   capex for units 
   [22]                      62,128        7,506                 21,681                  91,315         447               91,762 
  (+) Brownfield 
   exploration 
   expenses                   2,526        4,652                  9,720                  16,898       3,745               20,643 
  (+) Administrative 
   expenses 
   (excl depreciation)        3,768        1,205                  5,590                  10,563      30,533               41,096 
  (+) Royalties and 
   special 
   mining tax [23]            3,098          990                      -                   4,088       3,119                7,206 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  Sub-total                 159,777       67,136                116,795                 343,707      37,592              381,299 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  Au ounces produced        129,173       12,925                 64,987                 207,085           -              207,085 
  Ag ounces produced 
   (000s)                     4,034        3,679                  4,108                  11,821           -               11,821 
  Ounces produced (Ag 
   Eq 
   000s oz)                  15,143        4,790                  9,697                  29,631           -               29,631 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  Sub-total ($/oz Ag 
   Eq)                         10.6         14.0                   12.0                    11.6           -                 12.9 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  (+) Commercial 
   deductions                 2,106        6,885                 13,039                  22,030           -               22,030 
  (+) Selling expenses          417          632                 11,705                  12,754           -               12,754 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  Sub-total                   2,523        7,517                 24,744                  34,784           -               34,784 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  Au ounces sold            129,697       12,798                 65,280                 207,776           -              207,776 
  Ag ounces sold 
   (000s)                     4,020        3,654                  4,172                  11,846           -               11,846 
  Ounces sold (Ag Eq 
   000s 
   oz)                       15,174        4,754                  9,786                  29,715           -               29,715 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  Sub-total ($/oz Ag 
   Eq)                          0.2          1.6                    2.5                     1.2           -                  1.2 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  All-in sustaining 
   costs 
   ($/oz Ag Eq)                10.7         15.6                   14.6                    12.8         1.3                 14.0 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
  All-in sustaining 
   costs 
   ($/oz Au Eq)                 922        1,341                  1,253                   1,098         109                1,208 
----------------------  -----------  -----------  ---------------------  ----------------------  ----------  ------------------- 
 

Administrative expenses

Administrative expenses were increased by 20% to $51.9 million (2020: $43.3 million) due to increased professional fees of $3.7 million mainly linked to M&A transactions, tax penalties of $1.5 million and higher legal workers profit sharing provisions in Peru of $1.3 million.

Exploration expenses

In 2021, exploration expenses increased to $39.9 million (2020: $32.8 million) due to the 2020 reduced execution of the greenfield and brownfield programme as a result of the Covid-19 lockdown.

In addition, the Group capitalises part of its brownfield exploration, which mostly relates to costs incurred converting potential resource to the Inferred or Measured and Indicated categories. In 2021, the Company capitalised $6.1 million relating to brownfield exploration compared to $1.7 million in 2020, bringing the total investment in exploration for 2021 to $46.0 million (2020: $34.5 million).

Selling expenses

Selling expenses were increased to $15.4 million (2020: $12.8 million) mainly due to higher volume sold and higher prices, principally due to the fact that in Argentina, which levies export taxes, the San Jose operation was affected by production stoppages in 2020.

Other income/expenses

Other income before exceptional items was higher at $8.4 million (2020: $3.6 million) mainly due to increased gains on the sale of equipment ($3.3 million) and $1.0 million of higher income on the recovery of expenses and provisions.

Other expenses before exceptional items were higher at $44.6 million (2020: $28.9 million) with the increase mainly due to: a voluntary redundancy programme in Argentina of $8.3 million; mine provision increases of $22.1 million (2020: $16.1 million), and higher corporate social responsibility contribution in Argentina of $3.9 million (2020: $2.7 million).

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA increased by 41% to $382.8 million (2020: $270.9 million) mainly due to the increase in revenue resulting from the rebound in production following 2020 operational stoppages due to the Covid-19 crisis. In addition, there was a significant increase in the average realised silver price. These effects were partially offset by higher production costs and lower gold prices.

Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as profit from continuing operations before exceptional items, net finance costs, foreign exchange losses and income tax plus non-cash items (depreciation and amortisation and changes in mine closure provisions) and exploration expenses other than personnel and other exploration related fixed expenses.

 
 $000 unless otherwise indicated                                                  Year ended     Year ended   % change 
                                                                                 31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
                                                                               -------------  ------------- 
 Profit from continuing operations before exceptional items, net finance 
  income/(cost), foreign 
  exchange loss and income tax                                                       179,438        107,837         66 
 Depreciation and amortisation in cost of sales                                      145,482        116,480         25 
 Depreciation and amortisation in administrative expenses and other expenses           2,184          2,158          1 
 Exploration expenses                                                                 39,848         32,795         22 
 Personnel and other exploration related fixed expenses                              (7,099)        (6,486)          9 
 Other non-cash income, net [24]                                                      22,958         18,134         27 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Adjusted EBITDA                                                                     382,811        270,918         41 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 Adjusted EBITDA margin                                                                  47%            44% 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------  -------------  -------------  --------- 
 

Finance income

Finance income before exceptional items of $3.9 million decreased from 2020 ($4.2 million) mainly due to the net effect of: a decrease of $1.1 million due to change in the fair value of the Group's holding in Americas Gold & Silver Corporation shares received as payment for the San Felipe project; lower interest on deposits of $0.3 million; and lower income on discount of credits of $0.3 million. This was partially offset by higher income due to the unwinding of the discount on mine rehabilitation of $1.6 million.

Finance costs

Finance costs before exceptional items increased from $23.6 million in 2020 to $32.1 million in 2021, principally due to: the cancelation of the Libor rate swap of the refinanced $200 million medium-term loan ($3.8 million); the refinancing cost of the medium-term loan ($1.8 million); and foreign exchange transaction costs to acquire $18.1 million dollars in Argentina, which resulted in a loss of $15.3 million (2020: $12.8 million).

Foreign exchange (losses)/gains

The Group recognised a foreign exchange loss of $2.4 million (2020: $2.6 million loss) as a result of exposures in currencies other than the functional currency - the Peruvian sol and the Argentinean peso which both depreciated in 2021.

Income tax

The Company's pre-exceptional income tax charge was $81.3 million (2020: $49.6 million). The significant rise in the charge is explained by the rebound in profitability versus the Covid-impacted 2020. In addition, there was an increase in the tax rate in Argentina to 35% impacting deferred income tax by $12.5 million.

The effective tax rate (pre-exceptional) for the period was 54.7% (2020: 57.8%), compared to the weighted average statutory income tax rate of 30.9% (2020: 30.8%). The high effective tax rate in 2021 versus the average statutory rate is mainly explained by the impact of a higher income tax rate in Argentina increasing the effective rate by 8.4%, Royalties and the Special Mining Tax which increased the effective rate by 8.2%, local currency devaluation in Peru increasing the rate by 5.0%, and the impact of non-deductible expenses related to buying US dollars in Argentina increasing the rate by 3.4%.

Exceptional items

Exceptional items in 2021 totalled a $3.7 million gain after tax (2020: $15.8 million loss after tax). Exceptional items in 2021 included: a gain on the demerger of Aclara Resources of $37.5 million (non-taxable); impairment of the Pallancata mining unit of $24.9 million; and $24.1 million of Covid-19 response initiatives distributed between cost of sales and other expenses (2020: $31.2 million). Covid-19 response initiatives include: incremental personnel expenses; Covid tests; accommodation whilst testing all workers for active Covid-19 cases prior to travelling to mine units; and additional transportation costs to facilitate social distancing. These items are presented as exceptional as they are incremental to the Group's regular business, resulting from initiatives to respond to the impact from Covid-19. Given the current progress of the pandemic, the response expenses are not expected to be recorded as exceptional items in the future.

Covid-19 response initiatives [25]

 
 $000                      Peru   Argentina    Total 
                        -------  ---------- 
 Personnel                2,743           2    2,745 
 Donations                    1           3        4 
 Third party services     8,236      11,421   19,657 
 Others                   1,381         227    1,680 
----------------------  -------  ----------  ------- 
 Total                   12,361      11,653   24,014 
----------------------  -------  ----------  ------- 
 

The tax effect of these exceptional items was a $15.1 million tax gain (2020: $7.2 million tax gain). The total effective tax rate was 48.2% (2020: 68.0%). The net attributable profit of exceptional items was $7.4 million.

Cash flow and balance sheet review

Cash flow:

 
 $000                                         Year ended     Year ended     Change 
                                                  31 Dec    31 Dec 2020 
                                                    2021 
                                             -----------  ------------- 
 Net cash generated from operating 
  activities                                     282,520        195,374     86,137 
 Net cash used in investing activities         (183,434)      (112,229)   (71,205) 
 Cash flows generated generated/(used 
  in) from financing activities                   59,307       (12,411)     71,718 
 Foreign exchange adjustment                     (3,487)        (5,208)      2,730 
-------------------------------------------  -----------  -------------  --------- 
 Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
  during the year                                154,906         65,526     89,380 
-------------------------------------------  -----------  -------------  --------- 
 

Net cash generated from operating activities increased from $195.4 million in 2020 to $282.5 million in 2021 mainly due to higher Adjusted EBITDA of $382.8 million (2020: $270.9 million).

Net cash used in investing activities increased from $112.2 million in 2020 to $183.4 million in 2021 mainly due to higher purchases of property, plant and equipment, and evaluation and exploration assets; and the purchase of Aclara shares for $20.0 million.

Cash from financing activities increased to an inflow of $59.3 million from an outflow of $12.4 million in 2020, primarily due to the additional medium-term loan of $100.0 million, partially offset by higher dividends to non-controlling interest of $9.8 million (2020: $0.3 million) and lower repayment of borrowings of $14.8 million (2020: $37.7 million).

Working capital

 
 $000                                                     As at               As at 
                                               31 December 2021    31 December 2020 
                                             ------------------ 
 Trade and other receivables                             69,749              78,196 
 Inventories                                             49,184              42,362 
 Derivative financial assets/(liabilities)               14,073             (1,500) 
 Income tax payable, net                               (22,322)            (20,709) 
 Trade and other payables                             (133,482)           (114,415) 
 Provisions                                            (32,058)            (25,504) 
-------------------------------------------  ------------------  ------------------ 
 Working capital                                       (54,856)            (41,570) 
-------------------------------------------  ------------------  ------------------ 
 

The Group's working capital position declined in 2021 from $(41.6) million to $(54.9) million. The key drivers were: higher trade and other payables of $19.1 million; lower trade and other receivables of $8.5 million; and higher provisions of $6.6 million. These effects were partially offset by: higher derivative financial assets of $15.6 million mainly comprised of the position on the Company's silver hedges; and higher inventories of $6.9 million.

Net cash

 
 $000 unless otherwise indicated           As at               As at 
                                     31 December    31 December 2020 
                                            2021 
                                   ------------- 
 Cash and cash equivalents               386,789             231,883 
 Non-current borrowings                (300,000)           (199,554) 
 Current borrowings [26]                   (499)            (10,778) 
---------------------------------  -------------  ------------------ 
 Net cash                                 86,290              21,551 
---------------------------------  -------------  ------------------ 
 

The Group's reported net cash position was $86.3 million as at 31 December 2021 (31 December 2020: net cash of $21.6 million). The Group benefited from strong cashflow generation resulting from the high precious metal prices. In 2021, the company recorded an increase in borrowings resulting from the drawing down of a further $100 million of the Company's revised medium-term loan.

Capital expenditure ([27])

 
 $000            Year ended     Year ended 
                31 Dec 2021    31 Dec 2020 
              ------------- 
 Pallancata          14,250          7,506 
 San Jose            43,666         23,030 
 Inmaculada          76,512         62,128 
------------  -------------  ------------- 
 Operations         134,428         92,664 
 Aclara              11,476          8,650 
 Other                7,957          6,610 
------------  -------------  ------------- 
 Total              153,861        107,924 
------------  -------------  ------------- 
 

2021 capital expenditure of $153.9 million (2020: $107.9 million) mainly comprised of operational capex of $134.4 million (2020: $92.8 million) with the increase versus 2020 resulting from deferred capex at all operations in 2020 due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and higher capex for development work at Pallancata to access newly economic resources which have further extended the mine life.

Forward looking Statements

This announcement contains certain forward looking statements, including such statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the US Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In particular, such forward looking statements may relate to matters such as the business, strategy, investments, production, major projects and their contribution to expected production and other plans of Hochschild Mining plc and its current goals, assumptions and expectations relating to its future financial condition, performance and results.

Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements typically containing words such as "intends", "expects", "anticipates", "targets", "plans", "estimates" and words of similar import. By their nature, forward looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will or may occur in the future. Actual results, performance or achievements of Hochschild Mining plc may be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to differences between the actual results, performance or achievements of Hochschild Mining plc and current expectations include, but are not limited to, legislative, fiscal and regulatory developments, competitive conditions, technological developments, exchange rate fluctuations and general economic conditions. The Company cautions against undue reliance on any forward looking statement or guidance, particularly in light of the current economic climate and the significant volatility, uncertainty and disruption caused by Covid-19. Past performance is no guide to future performance and persons needing advice should consult an independent financial adviser.

The forward looking statements reflect knowledge and information available at the date of preparation of this announcement. Except as required by the Listing Rules and applicable law, Hochschild Mining plc does not undertake any obligation to update or change any forward looking statements to reflect events occurring after the date of this announcement. Nothing in this announcement should be construed as a profit forecast.

Statement of Directors' responsibilities

The Directors confirm that to the best of their knowledge:

o the financial statements, prepared in accordance with the applicable set of accounting standards, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole; and

o the Management report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the position of the Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

For the year ended 31 December 2021

 
                                     Year ended 31 December                Year ended 31 December 
                                              2021                                  2020 
                              ====================================  ==================================== 
                                            Exceptional                           Exceptional 
                                    Before        items                   Before        items 
                               exceptional        (note              exceptional        (note 
                                     items          11)      Total         items          11)      Total 
                       Notes        US$000       US$000     US$000        US$000       US$000     US$000 
====================   =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Continuing 
operations 
Revenue                    5       811,387            -    811,387       621,827            -    621,827 
Cost of sales              6     (487,772)     (22,511)  (510,283)     (397,793)     (27,613)  (425,406) 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Gross profit                       323,615     (22,511)    301,104       224,034     (27,613)    196,421 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Administrative 
 expenses                  7      (51,905)            -   (51,905)      (43,282)            -   (43,282) 
Exploration expenses       8      (39,848)            -   (39,848)      (32,795)            -   (32,795) 
Selling expenses           9      (15,431)            -   (15,431)      (12,754)            -   (12,754) 
Other income              12         8,435       37,461     45,896         3,617            -      3,617 
Other expenses            12      (44,565)      (1,503)   (46,068)      (28,905)      (3,613)   (32,518) 
Impairment and 
 write-off 
 of non-current 
 assets, net                         (863)     (24,846)   (25,709)       (2,078)        8,303      6,225 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Profit/(loss) from 
 continuing 
 operations before 
 net finance 
 income/(cost), 
 foreign exchange 
 loss and income tax               179,438     (11,399)    168,039       107,837     (22,923)     84,914 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Share of loss of an 
 associate                19         (169)            -      (169)             -            -          - 
Finance income            13         3,946            -      3,946         4,197            -      4,197 
Finance costs             13      (32,061)            -   (32,061)      (23,560)            -   (23,560) 
Foreign exchange 
 loss, net                         (2,424)            -    (2,424)       (2,631)            -    (2,631) 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Profit/(loss) from 
 continuing 
 operations before 
 income 
 tax                               148,730     (11,399)    137,331        85,843     (22,923)     62,920 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Income tax 
 (expense)/benefit        14      (81,280)       15,055   (66,225)      (49,651)        7,157   (42,494) 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Profit/(loss) for the 
 year 
 from continuing 
 operations                         67,450        3,656     71,106        36,192     (15,766)     20,426 
Attributable to: 
Equity shareholders 
 of the 
 Parent                             69,567        7,367     76,934        31,962     (16,800)     15,162 
Non-controlling 
 interests                         (2,117)      (3,711)    (5,828)         4,230        1,034      5,264 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
                                    67,450        3,656     71,106        36,192     (15,766)     20,426 
                       =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Basic earnings/(loss) 
 per 
 ordinary share from 
 continuing 
 operations for the 
 year 
 (expressed in US 
 dollars 
 per share)               15          0.14         0.01       0.15          0.06       (0.03)       0.03 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
Diluted 
 earnings/(loss) 
 per ordinary share 
 from 
 continuing 
 operations for 
 the year (expressed 
 in US 
 dollars per share)       15          0.13         0.01       0.14          0.06       (0.03)       0.03 
=====================  =====  ============  ===========  =========  ============  ===========  ========= 
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the year ended 31 December 2021

 
                                                                      Year ended 
                                                                      31 December 
                                                                   ================= 
                                                                       2021     2020 
                                                            Notes    US$000   US$000 
=========================================================   =====  ========  ======= 
Profit for the year                                                  71,106   20,426 
==========================================================  =====  ========  ======= 
Other comprehensive income that might be reclassified 
 to profit or loss in subsequent periods, net 
 of tax: 
Net gain/(loss) on cash flow hedges                                  25,028  (5,913) 
Deferred tax (charge)/benefit on cash flow hedges                   (7,383)    1,744 
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations             (21,282)      159 
Cumulative exchange difference loss transferred 
 to the income statement on disposal of foreign 
 operations                                                     4     9,995        - 
Share of other comprehensive loss of an associate                       (9)        - 
                                                                      6,349  (4,010) 
                                                            =====  ========  ======= 
Other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified 
 to profit or loss in subsequent periods, net 
 of tax: 
Net gain on equity instruments at fair value 
 through other comprehensive income ('OCI')                    20       261    1,765 
==========================================================  =====  ========  ======= 
                                                                        261    1,765 
                                                            =====  ========  ======= 
Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year, 
 net of tax                                                           6,610  (2,245) 
==========================================================  =====  ========  ======= 
Total comprehensive income for the year                              77,716   18,181 
Total comprehensive income attributable to : 
Equity shareholders of the Parent                                    83,544   12,917 
Non-controlling interests                                           (5,828)    5,264 
==========================================================  =====  ========  ======= 
                                                                     77,716   18,181 
                                                            =====  ========  ======= 
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As at 31 December 2021

 
                                                                   As at         As at 
                                                             31 December   31 December 
                                                                    2021          2020 
                                                     Notes        US$000        US$000 
==================================================   =====  ============  ============ 
ASSETS 
==================================================   =====  ============  ============ 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment                           16       738,119       787,663 
Evaluation and exploration assets                       17       123,304       192,121 
Intangible assets                                       18        18,094        21,564 
Investment in an associate                              19        43,559             - 
Financial assets at fair value through OCI              20           661           402 
Financial assets at fair value through profit 
 and loss                                               21         3,155         5,407 
Trade and other receivables                             22         2,470         5,395 
Derivative financial assets                                        5,042             - 
Deferred income tax assets                              28           484         1,009 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
                                                                 934,888     1,013,561 
                                                     =====  ============  ============ 
Current assets 
Inventories                                             23        49,184        42,362 
Trade and other receivables                             22        69,749        78,196 
Derivative financial assets                                       14,073             - 
Income tax receivable                                                 32            59 
Cash and cash equivalents                               24       386,789       231,883 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
                                                                 519,827       352,500 
                                                     =====  ============  ============ 
Total assets                                                   1,454,715     1,366,061 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
==================================================   =====  ============  ============ 
Capital and reserves attributable to shareholders 
 of the Parent 
Equity share capital                                             226,506       226,506 
Share premium                                                    438,041       438,041 
Other reserves                                                 (217,657)     (225,664) 
Retained earnings                                                248,664       287,652 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
                                                                 695,554       726,535 
                                                     =====  ============  ============ 
Non-controlling interests                                         63,890        79,550 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
Total equity                                                     759,444       806,085 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
Non-current liabilities 
Trade and other payables                                25         2,815           205 
Derivative financial liabilities                                       -         4,503 
Borrowings                                              26       300,000       199,554 
Provisions                                              27       116,835       109,033 
Deferred income tax liabilities                         28        87,228        73,316 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
                                                                 506,878       386,611 
                                                     =====  ============  ============ 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables                                25       133,482       114,415 
Derivative financial liabilities                                       -         1,500 
Borrowings                                              26           499        10,778 
Provisions                                              27        32,058        25,504 
Deferred income                                                        -           400 
Income tax payable                                                22,354        20,768 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
                                                                 188,393       173,365 
                                                     =====  ============  ============ 
Total liabilities                                                695,271       559,976 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
Total equity and liabilities                                   1,454,715     1,366,061 
===================================================  =====  ============  ============ 
 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 February 2022 and signed on its behalf by:

Ignacio Bustamante

Chief Executive Officer

22 February 2022

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

For the year ended 31 December 2021

 
                                                                   Year ended 
                                                                   31 December 
                                                              ==================== 
                                                                   2021       2020 
                                                       Notes     US$000     US$000 
====================================================   =====  =========  ========= 
Cash flows from operating activities 
Cash generated from operations                                  319,588    208,999 
Interest received                                                 1,938      2,292 
Interest paid                                             26    (5,720)    (6,312) 
Payment of mine closure costs                             27    (9,083)    (3,987) 
Income tax, special mining tax and mining royalty 
 paid 1                                                        (22,021)    (5,618) 
=====================================================  =====  =========  ========= 
Net cash generated from operating activities                    284,702    195,374 
=====================================================  =====  =========  ========= 
Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment                     (130,965)   (94,046) 
Purchase of evaluation and exploration assets             17   (21,398)   (13,287) 
Purchase of financial assets at fair value through 
 OCI                                                      20        (7)          - 
Purchase of investment in associate                       19   (19,995)          - 
Purchase of financial assets at fair value through 
 profit and loss                                          21    (3,308)          - 
Purchase of Argentinian bonds                             13   (33,469)   (27,256) 
Proceeds from sale of Argentinian bonds                   13     18,133     14,486 
Proceeds from sale of financial assets at fair 
 value through OCI                                        20          9      7,522 
Proceeds from sale of financial assets at fair 
 value though profit and loss                             21      4,726          - 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment               3,393        352 
Cash and cash equivalent of demerged entity                       (553)          - 
=====================================================  =====  =========  ========= 
Net cash used in investing activities                         (183,434)  (112,229) 
=====================================================  =====  =========  ========= 
Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from borrowings                                  26    105,954     48,520 
Repayment of borrowings                                   26   (14,793)   (37,717) 
Payment of lease liabilities                                    (2,182)    (2,021) 
Purchase of treasury shares                                           -      (292) 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests                     (9,832)      (345) 
Dividends paid                                            29   (22,022)   (20,556) 
=====================================================  =====  =========  ========= 
Cash flows generated from/(used in) financing 
 activities                                                      57,125   (12,411) 
=====================================================  =====  =========  ========= 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents during 
 the year                                                       158,393     70,734 
Exchange difference                                             (3,487)    (5,208) 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year                  231,883    166,357 
=====================================================  =====  =========  ========= 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year                  24    386,789    231,883 
=====================================================  =====  =========  ========= 
 

1 Taxes paid have been offset with value added tax (VAT) credits of US$3,478,000 (2020:US$3,390,000).

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

 
                                                                                             Other reserves 
                                                       =========================================================================================== 
                                                            Fair 
                                                           value 
                                                         reserve 
                                                              of                                                                                                    Capital 
                                                       financial          Share                                                                                and reserves 
                                                          assets       of other                                                                                attributable 
                                                         at fair  comprehensive                          Unrealised              Share-                                  to 
                            Equity                         value           loss              Cumulative       gain/               based      Total             shareholders 
                             share    Share  Treasury    through          of an  Dividends  translation      (loss)     Merger  payment      other   Retained        of the  Non-controlling     Total 
                           capital  premium    shares        OCI      associate    expired   adjustment   on hedges    reserve  reserve   reserves   earnings        Parent        interests    equity 
                    Notes   US$000   US$000    US$000     US$000         US$000     US$000       US$000      US$000     US$000   US$000     US$000     US$000        US$000           US$000    US$000 
=================   =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Balance at 1 
 January 
 2020                      226,506  438,041         -         18              -         99     (14,035)           -  (210,046)    2,164  (221,800)    290,263       733,010           74,631   807,641 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Other 
 comprehensive 
 income/(expense)                -        -         -      1,765              -          -          159     (4,169)          -        -    (2,245)          -       (2,245)                -   (2,245) 
Profit for the 
 year                            -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -        -          -     15,162        15,162            5,264    20,426 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Total 
 comprehensive 
 income/ 
 (expense) for the 
 year                            -        -         -      1,765              -          -          159     (4,169)          -        -    (2,245)     15,162        12,917            5,264    18,181 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Sale of financial 
 assets 
 at fair value 
 through 
 OCI                   20        -        -         -    (1,988)              -          -            -           -          -        -    (1,988)      1,988             -                -         - 
Exercise of share 
 options                         -        -       292          -              -          -            -           -          -  (1,087)    (1,087)        795             -                -         - 
Dividends                        -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -        -          -   (20,556)      (20,556)                -  (20,556) 
Dividends to non - 
 controlling 
 interests                       -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -        -          -          -             -            (345)     (345) 
Purchase of 
 treasury 
 shares                          -        -     (292)          -              -          -            -           -          -        -          -          -         (292)                -     (292) 
Share-based 
 payments                        -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -    1,456      1,456          -         1,456                -     1,456 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Balance at 31 
 December 
 2020                      226,506  438,041         -      (205)              -         99     (13,876)     (4,169)  (210,046)    2,533  (225,664)    287,652       726,535           79,550   806,085 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Other 
 comprehensive 
 income/(expense)                -        -         -        261            (9)          -     (11,287)      17,645          -        -      6,610          -         6,610                -     6,610 
Profit for the 
 year                            -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -        -          -     76,934        76,934          (5,828)    71,106 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Total 
 comprehensive 
 income/ 
 (expense) for the 
 year                            -        -         -        261            (9)          -     (11,287)      17,645          -        -      6,610     76,934        83,544          (5,828)    77,716 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Sale of financial 
 assets 
 at fair value 
 through 
 OCI                   20        -        -         -         18              -          -            -           -          -        -         18       (18)             -                -         - 
Dividends                        -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -        -          -   (22,022)      (22,022)                -  (22,022) 
In specie 
 dividends                       -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -        -          -   (94,945)      (94,945)                -  (94,945) 
Dividends to non - 
 controlling 
 interests                       -        -         -          -                         -            -           -          -        -          -          -             -          (9,832)   (9,832) 
Share-based 
 payments                        -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -    2,442      2,442          -         2,442                -     2,442 
Forfeiture of 
 share options                   -        -         -          -              -          -            -           -          -  (1,063)    (1,063)      1,063             -                -         - 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
Balance at 31 
 December 
 2021                      226,506  438,041         -         74            (9)         99     (25,163)      13,476  (210,046)    3,912    217,657    248,664       695,554           63,890   759,444 
==================  =====  =======  =======  ========  =========  =============  =========  ===========  ==========  =========  =======  =========  =========  ============  ===============  ======== 
 
 

For the year 31 December 2021

1 Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

For the year ended 31 December 2021

The financial information for the year ended 31 December 2021 and 2020 contained in this document does not constitute statutory accounts as defined in section 435 of the Companies Act 2006. The financial information for the years ended 31 December 2021 and 2020 have been extracted from the consolidated financial statements of Hochschild Mining plc for the year ended 31 December 2021 which have been approved by the directors on 22 February 2022 and will be delivered to the Registrar of Companies in due course. The auditor's report on those financial statements was unqualified and did not contain a statement under section 498 of the Companies Act 2006.

2 Significant accounting policies

Basis of preparation

The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted International Accounting Standards.

The basis of preparation and accounting policies used in preparing the consolidated financial statements for the years ended 31 December 2021 are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the Group's financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for the revaluation of certain financial instruments that are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period. There have been a number of amendments to accounting standards and new interpretations, however these have not any impact on the accounting policies, methods of computation or presentation applied by the Group. Further details on new UK adopted International Accounting Standards will be disclosed in the 2021 Annual Report and Accounts.

The financial statements are presented in US dollars (US$) and all monetary amounts are rounded to the nearest thousand ($000) except when otherwise indicated.

Going concern

The Group's business activities, its future development and the factors likely to affect its performance and position are set out in the Strategic Report. The financial position of the Group, its cash flows, liquidity position and borrowings are described in the Financial Review and discussion of the Group's viability on the occurrence of certain scenarios is provided in the Viability Statement. In addition, the financial statements includes the Group's objectives, policies and processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management objectives; details of its financial instruments; and its exposure to credit risk and liquidity risk.

Covid-19

The reduced impact of Covid-19 meant that Hochschild Mining was able to benefit from a year of uninterrupted operations. The Company continues to take a cautious approach and prioritises employee welfare by facilitating social distancing at the operations, implementing testing, and taking other relevant measures. The Company's Covid-19 Crisis Plan, which provides for numerous mitigating measures to be adopted in response to an outbreak of infections, can be implemented as required. At the time of writing, the number of new Covid-19 cases in Peru and Argentina are falling from a recent peak due to the Omicron variant and the Directors are confident that adequate mitigation steps can be taken to prevent significant disruption to the business. The Directors' assessment is naturally dependent on the continued progress in Peru and Argentina with regards to their respective government's vaccination rollout programmes and the effectiveness of these vaccines against new variants of the virus.

Further information on the action taken by the Company in 2020, which continued in 2021, can be found on pages 64 to 71 (Risk Management report) and pages 6 to 7 of the 2020 Annual Report.

Socio-Political Developments

As described in the Risk Management report, in the run up to the Peruvian Presidential elections in the first half of 2021 and following the inauguration of the left-wing Castillo administration in late July 2021, issues associated with mining have been the subject of increased public debate. Particular aspects relate to mining companies' social license to operate and the taxation of mining companies' revenues.

   -           Government/Legislative Action 

In considering the possible impact on the business by government action, the Directors note that, as reported in the Risk Management report, the Peruvian Government intends to submit a legislative bill to Congress to increases taxes on the mining sector in Q1 2022 although no specific details have been announced.

   -           Social License 

As a result of the election of the Castillo administration, rural communities have become more active in their demands to mine operators for economic and other forms of support. The Company is committed to active engagement with local communities and details of initiatives pursued during the year can be found in the Sustainability Report. The Company's approach was recently acknowledged by various stakeholders who conveyed formal expressions of support for the Company in response to events in the Coracora district in Ayacucho in November 2021.

Directors' Assessment

The Directors have reviewed Group liquidity, including cash resources and borrowings (refer to note 26 on details of the US$300m Medium Term loan) and related covenant forecasts to assess whether the Group is able to continue in operation for the period to 31 March 2023 (the "Going Concern Period") which is at least 12 months from the date of these financial statements. In line with their usual practice, the Directors also considered the impact of a number of potential downside scenarios on the Group's future cash flows and liquidity position as well as debt covenant compliance. The scenarios were further reviewed under varying precious metal price assumptions.

Within these scenarios, consideration was given to the potential impact of Covid and the possible actions of government and other third parties.

More specifically, the scenarios reviewed by the Directors included a base case (the 'Base Scenario'), reflecting (among other things) budgeted production for 2022, Life of Mine plans for Inmaculada, Pallancata and San Jose, a budget for Covid-related costs, the planned acquisition of Amarillo Gold Corporation in Q1 2022 and average precious metal prices of $1,745/oz for gold and $23.3/oz for silver, being the average analysts' consensus for the next 15 months (the 'Assumed Prices'). The Directors also considered "Severe" and "Remote" scenarios which took into account a combination of circumstances which is considered by the Directors, to be unlikely. The former takes into account, a four-week suspension of all operations and an increase in royalties and taxes. The latter analyses the cumulative impact of the Severe scenario and precious metal prices which are 20% lower than the Assumed Prices. Those prices would be significantly below current spot prices. In each scenario, it has been assumed that all employees remain on full pay and that mitigating actions, while available, would not be necessary to maintain a comfortable level of liquidity.

Under all three scenarios, the cash balance remained more than adequate for the Group's forecast expenditure with sufficient headroom maintained to comply with debt covenants. The results of a reverse stress test were also considered.

Conclusion

After their review, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group and the Company have adequate resources to continue in operational existence during the Going Concern Period. Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the annual financial statements.

3 Segment reporting

The Group's activities are principally related to mining operations which involve the exploration, production and sale of gold and silver. Products are subject to the same risks and returns and are sold through similar distribution channels. The Group undertakes a number of activities solely to support mining operations including power generation and services. Transfer prices between segments are set at an arm's length basis in a manner similar to that used for third parties. Segment revenue, segment expense and segment results include transfers between segments at market prices. Those transfers are eliminated on consolidation.

For internal reporting purposes, management takes decisions and assesses the performance of the Group through

consideration of   the   following reporting segments: 

-- Operating unit - San Jose, which generates revenue from the sale of gold and silver (dore and concentrate).

-- Operating unit - Pallancata, which generates revenue from the sale of gold and silver (concentrate).

-- Operating unit - Inmaculada, which generates revenue from the sale of gold and silver (dore).

-- Exploration, which explores and evaluates areas of interest in brownfield and greenfield sites with the aim of extending the life of mine of existing operations and to assess the feasibility of new mines. The exploration segment includes costs charged to the profit and loss and capitalised as assets.

-- Other - includes the profit or loss generated by Empresa de Transmisión Aymaraes S.A.C.

The Group's administration, financing, other activities (including other income and expense), and income taxes are managed at a corporate level and are not allocated to operating segments.

Segment information is consistent with the accounting policies adopted by the Group. Management evaluates the financial information based on the adopted IFRS accounting policies in the financial statements.

The Group measures the performance of its operating units by the segment profit or loss that comprises gross profit, selling expenses and exploration expenses.

Segment assets include items that could be allocated directly to the segment.

(a) Reportable segment information

 
                                                                                       Adjustment 
                                                                                              and 
                            Inmaculada  San Jose  Pallancata  Exploration   Other1   eliminations      Total 
                                US$000    US$000      US$000       US$000   US$000         US$000     US$000 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Year ended 31 December 
 2021 
Revenue from external 
 customers                     452,849   260,879     103,809            -      464              -    818,001 
Inter segment revenue                -         -           -            -    9,225        (9,225)          - 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Total revenue from 
 customers                     452,849   260,879     103,809            -    9,689        (9,225)    818,001 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Provisional pricing 
 adjustment                       (14)   (1,907)     (4,693)            -        -              -    (6,614) 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Total revenue                  452,835   258,972      99,116            -    9,689        (9,225)    811,387 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
Segment profit/(loss)          226,727    52,614         343     (40,520)    7,345          (684)    245,825 
Others2                              -         -           -            -        -              -  (108,494) 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Profit from continuing 
 operations before income 
 tax                                 -         -           -            -        -              -    137,331 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
Other segment information 
Depreciation3                 (75,524)  (51,217)    (22,618)        (396)  (5,795)              -  (155,550) 
Amortisation                     (108)     (852)           -        (107)     (51)              -    (1,118) 
Impairment and write-off 
 of assets, net                  (326)     (354)    (24,940)            -     (89)                  (25,709) 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
Assets 
Capital expenditure             76,512    43,666      14,250       15,896    3,537              -    153,861 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
Current assets                  20,182    43,473       9,072            -    4,230              -     76,957 
Other non-current assets       515,943   157,749       3,241      155,702   46,882              -    879,517 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Total segment assets           536,125   201,222      12,313      155,702   51,112              -    956,474 
Not reportable assets4               -         -           -            -  498,241              -    498,241 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Total assets                   536,125   201,222      12,313      155,702  549,353              -  1,454,715 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
   1   'Other' revenue relates to revenues earned by Empresa de Transmisión Aymaraes S.A.C. 

2 Comprised of administrative expenses of US$51,905,000, other income of US$45,896,000, other expenses of US$46,068,000, write-off of assets (net) of US$863,000, impairment of non-current assets of US$24,846,000, share of losses of an associate of US$169,000, finance income of US$3,946,000, finance expense of US$32,061,000, and foreign exchange loss of US$2,424,000.

3 Includes depreciation capitalised in the Crespo project (US$430,000), and San Jose unit (US$2,341,000), products in process (US$509,000) and recognised against the mine rehabilitation provision (US$1,978,000).

4 Not reportable assets are comprised of financial assets at fair value through OCI of US$661,000, financial assets at fair value through profit and loss of US$3,155,000, other receivables of US$44,446,000, income tax receivable of US$32,000, deferred income tax asset of US$484,000, investment in associates US$43,559,000, derivative financial assets of US$19,115,000 and cash and cash equivalents of US$386,789,000.

 
                                                                                       Adjustment 
                                                                                              and 
                            Inmaculada  San Jose  Pallancata  Exploration   Other1   eliminations      Total 
                                US$000    US$000      US$000       US$000   US$000         US$000     US$000 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Year ended 31 December 
 2020 
Revenue from external 
 customers                     314,742   199,803      96,134            -      149              -    610,828 
Inter segment revenue                -         -           -            -    6,918        (6,918)          - 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Total revenue from 
 customers                     314,742   199,803      96,134            -    7,067        (6,918)    610,828 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Provisional pricing 
 adjustment                        164     6,295       4,540            -        -              -     10,999 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Total revenue                  314,906   206,098     100,674            -    7,067        (6,918)    621,827 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
Segment profit/(loss)          129,103    47,290       3,989     (33,436)    5,699        (1,773)    150,872 
Others2                              -         -           -            -        -              -   (87,952) 
Profit from continuing 
 operations before income 
 tax                                 -         -           -            -        -              -     62,920 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
Other segment information 
Depreciation3                 (54,522)  (31,238)    (28,969)        (406)  (3,734)              -  (118,869) 
Amortisation                      (82)     (552)           -        (442)     (39)              -    (1,115) 
Impairment and write-off 
 of assets, net                  (535)     7,750       (221)        (720)     (49)              -      6,225 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
Assets 
Capital expenditure             62,128    23,030       7,399       12,772    2,595              -    107,924 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 
Current assets                  14,613    43,735      24,692            -    4,675              -     87,715 
Other non-current assets       516,505   166,887      33,784      232,135   52,037              -  1,001,348 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Total segment assets           531,118   210,622      58,476      232,135   56,712              -  1,089,063 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Not reportable assets4               -         -           -            -  276,998              -    276,998 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
Total assets                   531,118   210,622      58,476      232,135  333,710              -  1,366,061 
==========================  ==========  ========  ==========  ===========  =======  =============  ========= 
 

1 'Other' revenue relates to revenues earned by Empresa de Transmisión Aymaraes S.A.C.

2 Comprised of administrative expenses of US$43,282,000, other income of US$3,617,000, other expenses of US$32,518,000, write-off of assets (net) of US$2,078,000, reversal of impairment of non-current assets of US$8,303,000, finance income of US$4,197,000, finance expense of US$23,560,000, and foreign exchange loss of US$2,631,000.

3 Includes depreciation capitalised in the Crespo project (US$768,000), San Jose unit (US$1,349,000) and products in process (US$168,000).

4 Not reportable assets are comprised of financial assets at fair value through OCI of US$402,000, financial assets at fair value through profit and loss of US$5,407,000, other receivables of US$38,238,000, income tax receivable of US$59,000, deferred income tax asset of US$1,009,000, and cash and cash equivalents of US$231,883,000.

(b) Geographical information

The revenue for the period based on the country in which the customer is located is as follows:

 
                        Year ended 
                        31 December 
                     ================ 
                        2021     2020 
                      US$000   US$000 
==================   =======  ======= 
External customer 
Switzerland          360,838  236,455 
Canada               213,350  138,795 
Korea                135,162  150,094 
Germany               47,014   60,299 
Japan                 26,151   13,264 
Chile                 13,184   10,872 
United Kingdom         7,982        - 
Bulgaria               4,703    9,311 
USA                        -    2,994 
Peru                   3,003    (257) 
===================  =======  ======= 
Total                811,387  621,827 
===================  =======  ======= 
Inter-segment 
Peru                   9,225    6,918 
Total                820,612  628,745 
===================  =======  ======= 
 

In the periods set out below, certain customers accounted for greater than 10% of the Group's total revenues as detailed in the following table:

 
                        Year ended 31 December 
                                  2021                   Year ended 31 December 2020 
                   =================================  ================================= 
                    US$000  % Revenue        Segment   US$000  % Revenue        Segment 
================   =======  =========  =============  =======  =========  ============= 
                                          Inmaculada                         Inmaculada 
Argor Heraus       208,037        26%   and San Jose  176,543        28%   and San Jose 
=================  =======  =========  =============  =======  =========  ============= 
                                          Pallancata                         Pallancata 
LS Nikko           135,162        17%   and San Jose  150,094        24%   and San Jose 
=================  =======  =========  =============  =======  =========  ============= 
Asahi Refining 
 Canada            198,254        24%     Inmaculada  121,048        19%     Inmaculada 
=================  =======  =========  =============  =======  =========  ============= 
MKS Switzerland 
 S.A.              152,801        19%     Inmaculada   59,912        10%     Inmaculada 
=================  =======  =========  =============  =======  =========  ============= 
 

Non-current assets, excluding financial instruments and deferred income tax assets, were allocated to the geographical areas in which the assets are located as follows:

 
                                                           As at 31 December 
                                                          =================== 
                                                              2021       2020 
                                                            US$000     US$000 
=======================================================   ========  ========= 
Peru                                                       665,839    699,121 
Argentina                                                  157,750    166,887 
Chile                                                       55,922    135,340 
Canada                                                           6          - 
========================================================  ========  ========= 
Total non-current segment assets                           879,517  1,001,348 
========================================================  ========  ========= 
Financial assets at fair value through OCI                     661        402 
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss       3,155      5,407 
Investment in associates                                    43,559          - 
Trade and other receivables                                  2,470      5,395 
Deferred income tax assets                                     484      1,009 
Derivative financial instruments                             5,042          - 
Total non-current assets                                   934,888  1,013,561 
========================================================  ========  ========= 
 

4 Demerger of Aclara Resources Inc. ('Aclara')

Hochschild Mining Holdings Ltd ('HM Holdings'), a wholly-owned subsidary of the Group had interests over a Chilean company named REE UNO SpA. This entity holds the project Aclara (formerly named Biolantanidos), which is located in the south of Chile, and is currently focused on the development of the Penco module, which will aim to produce a rare earth concentrate through a processing plant that will be fed by clays from nearby deposits.

The Group wanted to separate the Aclara project from their other businesses dedicated to the extraction and production of gold and silver. For this purpose, a new company named Aclara Resources Inc. located in Canada (hereinafter, 'Aclara') was incorporated by the Group. The investment held in REE UNO SpA was then transferred to Aclara.

A distribution of 70,606,502 Aclara Shares, representing 80% of the Aclara Shares, was made to the holders of ordinary shares of the Group by way of a dividend in specie (the "Demerger Dividend"). The approval of the Group's shareholders in respect of the Demerger Dividend was granted at the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 5 November 2021. The Demerger Dividend was effected on 10 December 2021, shortly before the Aclara Initial Public Offering ('IPO') was completed later that day.

Once the Aclara IPO was completed, Aclara became an independent company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

The ratio of Demerged Aclara Shares to the number of ordinary shares in the Group was 70,606,502 to 513,875,563. Therefore, the shareholders who were entitled to receive the Demerger Dividend received 0.1374 Aclara Shares for each ordinary share in the Group.

The value of the Demerger Dividend is C$120,031,053 (equivalent to US$94,945,000) in aggregate based on the offering price of C$1.70 per Aclara Share (the Offering Price).

HM Holdings retained 20% of the Aclara Shares. The investment was recorded at initial recognition at fair value, based on the Offering Price.

The fair value of the Demerger Dividend at the date of the demerger and retained investment is therefore a level 1 fair value measurement.

Immediately following the Demerger Dividend and pursuant to the subscription agreement with Aclara dated 2 December 2021, HM Holdings purchased 14,870,397 Aclara Shares at the Offering Price for aggregate gross proceeds to Aclara of C$25,279,675 (equivalent to US$19,996,000) .

The consolidated effect in the financial statements of the Group is an exceptional gain of US$37,461,000 presented within other income .

Details of the net gain on demerger of Aclara are shown below:

 
                                                             US$000 
=========================================================  ======== 
Property, plant and equipment                                   507 
Evaluation and exploration assets                            70,311 
Other non-current assets                                      2,668 
Current assets                                                1,210 
Current liabilities                                         (3,465) 
=========================================================  ======== 
Aclara net assets and liabilities demerged(1)                71,231 
=========================================================  ======== 
 
Net cash and cash equivalents demerged                        (553) 
Net cash outflow from demerger of Aclara                      (553) 
=========================================================  ======== 
 
In specie dividends relating to Aclara demerger              94,945 
Retained financial investments in associate (note 19)        23,742 
Net assets demerged                                        (71,231) 
Reclassification of foreign currency translation reserve    (9,995) 
=========================================================  ======== 
Gain on demerger of Aclara                                   37,461 
=========================================================  ======== 
 
   1   Considered in the exploration segment of the Group. 

On completion of the demerger, the Group retained an 20% interest in Aclara through the Aclara Resources Inc. investment Company. An investment in associates of US$23,742,000 was recognised on the Group's consolidated balance sheet in respect of this interest.

5 Revenue

 
                                     Year ended 31 December                            Year ended 31 December 
                                              2021                                              2020 
                        ================================================  ================================================ 
                               Revenue from                                      Revenue from 
                                 customers                                         customers 
                        ==========================  ===========  =======  ==========================  ===========  ======= 
                          Goods  Shipping           Provisional             Goods  Shipping           Provisional 
                           sold  services    Total      pricing    Total     sold  services    Total      pricing    Total 
                         US$000    US$000   US$000       US$000   US$000   US$000    US$000   US$000       US$000   US$000 
====================    =======  ========  =======  ===========  =======  =======  ========  =======  ===========  ======= 
Gold (from dore bars)   353,258       914  354,172           40  354,212  255,142       577  255,719          144  255,863 
Silver (from dore 
 bars)                  207,022       804  207,826         (52)  207,774  101,195       383  101,578           62  101,640 
Gold (from 
 concentrates)          100,233     2,462  102,695          912  103,607  109,816     2,447  112,263        1,956  114,219 
Silver (from 
 concentrates)          150,140     2,704  152,844      (7,514)  145,330  138,669     2,450  141,119        8,837  149,956 
Services                    464         -      464            -      464      149         -      149            -      149 
Total                   811,117     6,884  818,001      (6,614)  811,387  604,971     5,857  610,828       10,999  621,827 
======================  =======  ========  =======  ===========  =======  =======  ========  =======  ===========  ======= 
 

6 Cost of sales before exceptional items

Included in cost of sales are:

 
                                                              Year ended 
                                                              31 December 
                                                           ================ 
                                                              2021     2020 
                                                            US$000   US$000 
========================================================   =======  ======= 
Depreciation and amortisation in cost of sales1            145,482  114,662 
Personnel expenses (note 10)2                              101,682   65,077 
Mining royalty (note 31 )                                    7,171    5,208 
Change in products in process and finished goods               320   17,323 
Fixed costs at the operations during stoppages, reduced 
 capacity and excess absenteeism3                            8,680   46,480 
=========================================================  =======  ======= 
 
   1   The depreciation and amortisation in production cost is US$148,842,000 (2020: US$113,146,000). 

2 Includes workers profit sharing of US$6,512,000 (2020: US$2,632,000) and excludes personnel expenses of US$7,607,000 (2020: US$32,117,000) included within unallocated fixed cost at the operations (see below).

3 Corresponds to the unallocated fixed cost accumulated as a result of excess absenteeism (2020: during the stoppage and operation of the mine units under reduced operating capacity) due to the Covid-19 pandemic. These costs mainly include personnel expenses of US$7,607,000 (2020: US$32,117,000), third party services of US$995,000 (2020: US$8,948,000), supplies of US$nil (2020: US$1,698,000), depreciation and amortisation of US$nil (2020: US$1,818,000) and other costs of US$78,000 (2020: US$1,899,000).

7 Administrative expenses

 
                                  Year ended 
                                  31 December 
                                 ============  ======= 
                                         2021     2020 
                                       US$000   US$000 
==============================   ============  ======= 
Personnel expenses (note 10)           29,832   27,016 
Professional fees                       8,710    4,978 
Donations                                 587      373 
Lease rentals                           1,301    1,353 
Third party services                      302      241 
Communications                            473      427 
Indirect taxes                          2,057    2,029 
Depreciation and amortisation           1,823    1,723 
Depreciation of rights of use             226      284 
Technology and systems                  1,207    1,063 
Security                                  956      891 
Other1                                  4,431    2,904 
===============================  ============  ======= 
Total                                  51,905   43,282 
===============================  ============  ======= 
 
 

1 Predominantly relates to advertising costs of US$372,000 (2020: US$292,000), insurance fees of US$837,000 (2020: US$464,000), repair and maintenance of US$326,000 (2020: US$314,000), supplies costs of US$102,000 (2020: US$42,000), tax penalties of US$1,476,000 (2020: US$55,000), travel expenses of US$105,000 (2020: US$188,000) and personnel transportation of US$108,000 (2020: US$115,000).

8 Exploration expenses

 
                                       Year ended 
                                       31 December 
                                    ================ 
                                       2021     2020 
                                     US$000   US$000 
=================================   =======  ======= 
Mine site exploration1 
Arcata                                2,189      990 
Ares                                    628      940 
Inmaculada                            3,276    2,526 
Pallancata                            5,993    4,652 
San Jose                              9,653    9,720 
==================================  =======  ======= 
                                     21,739   18,828 
                                    =======  ======= 
Prospects2 
Peru                                  2,677    1,731 
USA                                   3,731    1,902 
Chile                                  (53)    (211) 
Canada                                   51        - 
==================================  =======  ======= 
                                      6,406    3,422 
                                    =======  ======= 
Generative3 
Peru                                  3,263    2,331 
USA                                      11       12 
Mexico                                  861      974 
Chile                                   177      437 
==================================  =======  ======= 
                                      4,312    3,754 
                                    =======  ======= 
Personnel (note 10 )                  6,368    5,905 
Others                                  731      581 
==================================  =======  ======= 
Depreciation right-of-use assets        292      305 
==================================  =======  ======= 
Total                                39,848   32,795 
==================================  =======  ======= 
 

1 Mine-site exploration is performed with the purpose of identifying potential minerals within an existing

mine-site, with the goal of maintaining or extending the   mine's life. 

2 Prospects expenditure relates to detailed geological evaluations in order to determine zones which have mineralisation potential that is economically viable

for exploration. Exploration expenses are generally incurred in the following areas: mapping, sampling,

geophysics, identification of local targets and reconnaissance   drilling. 

3 Generative expenditure is early stage exploration expenditure related to the basic evaluation of the region to identify prospects areas that have the geological conditions necessary to contain mineral deposits. Related activities include regional and field reconnaissance, satellite images, compilation of public information and identification of exploration targets.

The Group determines the cash flows which relate to the exploration activities of the companies engaged only in exploration. Exploration activities incurred by Group operating companies are not included since it is not practicable to separate the liabilities related to the exploration activities of these companies from their operating liabilities. Cash outflows on exploration activities were US$12,163,000 in 2021 (2020: US$6,176,000).

9 Selling expenses

 
                                   Year ended 
                                   31 December 
                                ================ 
                                   2021     2020 
                                 US$000   US$000 
=============================   =======  ======= 
Personnel expenses (note 10)        304      303 
Warehouse services                1,392    1,281 
Taxes1                           11,765    9,202 
Other                             1,970    1,968 
==============================  =======  ======= 
Total                            15,431   12,754 
==============================  =======  ======= 
 
   1   Corresponds to the export duties in Argentina. 

10 Personnel expenses

 
                                        Year ended 
                                        31 December 
                                     ================ 
                                        2021     2020 
                                      US$000   US$000 
==================================   =======  ======= 
Salaries and wages                   109,769  104,331 
Workers' profit sharing (note 27)     11,018    4,986 
Other legal contributions             23,792   22,158 
Statutory holiday payments             7,237    6,214 
Long Term Incentive Plan               1,783    1,764 
Termination benefits                   6,470    1,495 
Other                                  1,101      752 
===================================  =======  ======= 
Total(1)                             161,170  141,700 
===================================  =======  ======= 
 

1 Includes exceptional personnel expenses amounting to US$2,745,000 (2020: US$4,595,000) (refer to note 11(1)).

Personnel expenses are distributed as follows:

 
                                                   Year ended 
                                                   31 December 
                                                ================ 
                                                   2021     2020 
                                                 US$000   US$000 
=============================================   =======  ======= 
Cost of sales1                                  111,613  101,404 
Administrative expenses                          29,832   27,016 
Exploration expenses                              6,368    5,905 
Selling expenses                                    304      303 
Other expenses2                                  11,579    4,255 
Capitalised as property, plant and equipment      1,474    2,817 
==============================================  =======  ======= 
Total                                           161,170  141,700 
==============================================  =======  ======= 
 

1 Exceptional personnel expenses included in cost of sales amount to US$2,324,000 (2020: US$4,210,000).

2 Exceptional personnel expenses included in other expenses amount to US$421,000 (2020: US$385,000).

The average number of employees for 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

 
                    Year ended 
                    31 December 
                  ============== 
                    2021    2020 
===============   ======  ====== 
Peru               2,057   1,897 
Argentina          1,478   1,432 
Chile                 42      13 
United Kingdom        10      10 
================  ======  ====== 
Total              3,587   3,352 
================  ======  ====== 
 

11 Exceptional items

Exceptional items are those significant items which, due to their nature or the expected infrequency of the events giving rise to them, need to be disclosed separately on the face of the income statement to enable a better understanding of the financial performance of the Group and facilitate comparison with prior years. Unless stated, exceptional items do not correspond to a reporting segment of the Group.

 
                                                               Year ended    Year ended 
                                                              31 December   31 December 
                                                                     2021          2020 
                                                                   US$000        US$000 
==========================================================   ============  ============ 
Cost of sales 
Incremental costs due to Covid - 19 pandemic 1                   (22,511)      (27,613) 
Total                                                            (22,511)      (27,613) 
===========================================================  ============  ============ 
Other income 
Demerger of Aclara (note 4)                                        37,461             - 
===========================================================  ============  ============ 
Total                                                              37,461             - 
===========================================================  ============  ============ 
Other expenses 
Incremental costs due to Covid-19 pandemic 1                      (1,503)       (3,613) 
Total                                                             (1,503)       (3,613) 
(Impairment)/impairment reversal of non-financial assets, 
 net 
Impairment of non-financial assets 2                             (24,846)             - 
Reversal of impairment of non-financial assets 3                        -         8,303 
Total                                                            (24,846)         8,303 
===========================================================  ============  ============ 
Income tax benefit 4                                               15,055         7,157 
Total                                                              15,055         7,157 
===========================================================  ============  ============ 
 

The exceptional items for the year ended 31 December 2021 and 2020 correspond to:

1 Incremental production costs incurred in the operating mine units to manage the Covid-19 pandemic have been presented within costs of sales and costs incurred by mine units in care and maintenance and those related to corporate activities have been presented within other expenses.

 
                                               Year ended 31 December 
                                   ============================================== 
                                                         2021                2020 
================================   ==========================  ================== 
                                        Cost            Other  Cost of      Other 
                                    of sales         expenses    sales   expenses 
                                      US$000           US$000   US$000     US$000 
================================   =========  ===============  =======  ========= 
Third party services                  16,032              873   18,823        665 
Personnel expenses (note 10)           2,324              421    4,210        385 
Donations                                  -                -      124      1,365 
Consumption of medical supplies        1,327              120    1,062        248 
Cleaning and food services             2,728               24    1,493         59 
Depreciation and amortisation             37               29      534          - 
Others                                    63               36    1,367        891 
=================================  =========  ===============  =======  ========= 
Total                                 22,511            1,503   27,613      3,613 
=================================  =========  ===============  =======  ========= 
 

These costs have been incurred in respect of the implementation of the necessary protocols including incremental third party services mainly related to accommodation whilst testing all workers for active Covid-19 cases prior to travelling to mine units, medical tests and additional transportation costs to facilitate social distancing, personnel expenses mainly reflecting one-off bonuses paid to those workers required to oversee critical processes during period of suspension (occurred only in 2020), donations which includes the value of equipment donated to assist the national effort in Peru to control the pandemic as well as the donations to hardship funds administered by educational institutions, UTEC and TECSUP (refer to note 30)).

The pandemic can be considered a single protracted globally pervasive event with a financial impact over a number of reporting periods. Management initial expectation was that these costs would cease to be incurred at the end of 2020 or early 2021, and whilst the majority of the costs have reduced over time as a result of the efficiencies made to the health protocols and logistics required to operate throughout the pandemic, some residual costs continue to be incurred to date.

In order to provide the users of the financial statements with a better understanding of the financial performance of the Group in the year, and to facilitate comparison with the prior period, we have considered it appropriate to continue to disclose separately as exceptional these incremental Covid-related cost up to December 2021.

Following the outbreak of the Omicron variant, the virus appears to have shifted into an endemic phase. Consequently, these costs will no longer be presented as exceptional items from 2022 and will form part of the underlying profits.

2 Corresponds to the impairment related to the Pallancata mine unit in Peru (refer to notes 16 and 17).

   3   Reversals of impairment related to the San Jose mine unit (refer to notes 16, 17 and 18). 

4 The current tax credit generated by the incremental costs arising from the Covid-19 pandemic of US$7,725,000 (2020: US$9,241,000) and the deferred tax credit generated by the impairment of the Pallancata mine unit of US$7,330,000 (2020: deferred tax charge generated by the reversal of the impairment related to the San Jose mine unit of US$2,084,000).

12 Other income and other expenses before exceptional items

 
                                                                Year ended    Year ended 
                                                               31 December   31 December 
                                                                      2021          2020 
                                                              ============  ============ 
                                                                    Before        Before 
                                                               exceptional   exceptional 
                                                                     items         items 
                                                                    US$000        US$000 
===========================================================   ============  ============ 
Other income 
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment (note 
 16)                                                                 3,342           231 
Logistic services                                                        7           336 
Income on recovery of expenses                                         418             - 
Recovery of provision of obsolescence of supplies 
 (note 23)                                                           2,338         1,921 
Other1                                                               2,330         1,129 
============================================================  ============  ============ 
Total                                                                8,435         3,617 
============================================================  ============  ============ 
Other expenses 
Increase in provision for mine closure (note 27(1))               (22,095)      (16,056) 
Provision of obsolescence of supplies (note 23)                      (559)             - 
Care and maintenance expenses of Ares mine unit                    (2,903)       (2,578) 
Write off of value added tax                                         (188)         (101) 
Corporate social responsibility contribution in Argentina2         (3,911)       (2,689) 
Care and maintenance expenses of Arcata mine unit                  (2,772)       (2,966) 
Provision for impairment of receivables3                                 -         (996) 
Voluntary retirement plan in Argentina4                            (8,263)             - 
Other 5                                                            (3,874)       (3,519) 
============================================================  ============  ============ 
Total                                                             (44,565)      (28,905) 
============================================================  ============  ============ 
 

1 Mainly corresponds to the gain recognised for the Mosquito project of US$400,000 (2020: US$400,000).

2 Relates to a contribution in Argentina to the Santa Cruz province calculated as a proportion of sales.

   3   Mainly due to write-off of a claim receivable of US$996,000. 

4 Related to payments made and the provision recognised under a voluntary retirement plan in Minera Santa Cruz.

5 Mainly corresponds to the expenses due to concessions of US$179,000 (2020: US$295,000), depreciation expense for right-of-use assets of US$135,000 (2020: US$151,000), the loss on recovery of expenses of US$nil (2020: US$158,000), loss on sale of supplies of US$2,027,000 (2020: US$1,312,000).

13 Finance income and finance costs

 
                                                                  Year ended    Year ended 
                                                                 31 December   31 December 
                                                                        2021          2020 
                                                                ============  ============ 
                                                                      US$000        US$000 
=============================================================   ============  ============ 
Finance income 
Interest on deposits and liquidity funds                               1,815         2,106 
Interest on loans to related parties                                      11             - 
Interest income                                                        1,826         2,106 
==============================================================  ============  ============ 
Unwind of discount on mine rehabilitation (note 27)                    2,038           387 
Gain on discount of other receivables1                                     -           335 
Gain from changes in the fair value of financial instruments 
 2                                                                         -         1,057 
Other                                                                     82           312 
==============================================================  ============  ============ 
Total                                                                  3,946         4,197 
==============================================================  ============  ============ 
Finance costs 
Interest on secured bank loans (note 26 )                            (5,951)       (7,086) 
Other interest                                                       (1,332)         (684) 
==============================================================  ============  ============ 
Interest expense                                                     (7,283)       (7,770) 
==============================================================  ============  ============ 
Fair value loss on interest rate swap reclassified 
 from equity                                                         (5,521)       (1,497) 
Loss on discount of other receivables1                                 (632)             - 
Loss from changes in the fair value of financial instruments 
 3                                                                  (16,170)      (12,770) 
Other                                                                (2,455)       (1,523) 
==============================================================  ============  ============ 
Total                                                               (32,061)      (23,560) 
==============================================================  ============  ============ 
 

1 Mainly related to the effect of the discount of tax credits in Argentina and Peru.

2 Related to the fair value adjustment of the Americas Gold and Silver Corporation (AGSC) shares.

3 Represents the fair value change of US$834,000 on the AGSC and C3 Metals Inc shares (note 21) (2020: US$nil)) and the foreign exchange transaction costs of US$15,336,000 (2020: US$12,770,000) to acquire US$18,133,000 dollars through the sale of bonds in Argentina (2020: US$14,486,000).

14 Income tax expense

 
                                         Year ended 31 December               Year ended 31 December 
                                                   2021                                2020 
                                   ===================================  ================================== 
                                         Before                               Before 
                                    exceptional  Exceptional             exceptional  Exceptional 
                                          items        items     Total         items        items    Total 
                                         US$000       US$000    US$000        US$000       US$000   US$000 
================================   ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
Current corporate income tax 
 from continuing operations 
Corporate income tax charge              53,965      (7,725)    46,240        31,551      (9,241)   22,310 
Withholding tax                             689            -       689           402            -      402 
=================================  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
                                         54,654      (7,725)    46,929        31,953      (9,241)   22,712 
                                   ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
Deferred taxation 
Origination and reversal of 
 temporary differences from 
 continuing operations (note 
 28 )                                    26,885      (7,330)    19,555         8,962        2,084   11,046 
Effect of change in income 
 tax rates1                            (12,501)            -  (12,501)         1,529            -    1,529 
=================================  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
                                         14,384      (7,330)     7,054        10,491        2,084   12,575 
                                   ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
Corporate income tax                     69,038     (15,055)    53,983        42,444      (7,157)   35,287 
=================================  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
 
Current mining royalties 
Mining royalty charge (note 
 31)                                      6,326            -     6,326         4,088            -    4,088 
Special mining tax charge (note 
 31)                                      5,916            -     5,916         3,119            -    3,119 
=================================  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
Total current mining royalties           12,242            -    12,242         7,207            -    7,207 
=================================  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
 
Total taxation charge/(credit) 
 in the income statement                 81,280     (15,055)    66,225        49,651      (7,157)   42,494 
=================================  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ===========  ======= 
 

1 On 16 June 2021, the Argentinian government published the Law 27630 that establishes taxable net income brackets: up to 5Mm pesos is 0%, more than 5Mm up to 50Mm pesos is 30%, and more than 50Mm pesos is 35% with effect from 1 January 2021. The UK Government increased the rate of Corporation Tax to 25% on profits over GBP250,000 from April 2023. There is no impact on the deferred tax calculation of the Group arising from the change in the Corporation Tax in the UK.

The weighted average statutory income tax rate was 27.7% for 2021 and 30.8% for 2020. This is calculated as the average of the statutory tax rates applicable in the countries in which the Group operates, weighted by the profit/(loss) before tax of the Group companies in their respective countries as included in the consolidated financial statements.

The change in the weighted average statutory income tax rate is due to a change in the weighting of profit/(loss) before tax in the various jurisdictions in which the Group operates partially offset by the increase in the Argentinian tax rate.

There were tax charges in relation to the cash flow hedge gains (2020: losses) recognised in equity during the year ended 31 December 2021 of US$7,383,000 (2020: US$1,744,000 credit).

The total taxation charge on the Group's profit before tax differs from the theoretical amount that would arise using the weighted average tax rate applicable to the consolidated profits of the Group companies as follows:

 
                                                             As at 31 December 
                                                            =================== 
                                                                 2021      2020 
                                                               US$000    US$000 
=========================================================   =========  ======== 
Profit from continuing operations before income tax           137,331    62,920 
At average statutory income tax rate of 27.7% ( 2020: 
 30.8 %)                                                       37,996    19,368 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes                        5,482     5,251 
Change in statutory income tax rate                            12,501   (1,529) 
Non-taxable income resulted from Aclara demerger              (7,118)         - 
Deferred tax recognised on special investment regime1         (3,561)   (2,870) 
Movement in unrecognised deferred tax2                          2,922     4,571 
Special mining tax and mining royalty deductible for 
 corporate income tax                                         (3,611)   (2,126) 
Other                                                           2,176       461 
==========================================================  =========  ======== 
Corporate income tax at average effective income tax 
 rate of 34.1% (2020: 36.8%) before foreign exchange 
 effect and withholding tax                                    46,787    23,126 
==========================================================  =========  ======== 
Special mining tax and mining royalty3                         12,242     7,207 
==========================================================  =========  ======== 
Corporate income tax and mining royalties at average 
 effective income tax rate of 43.0% (2020: 48.2%)              59,029    30,333 
==========================================================  =========  ======== 
Foreign exchange rate effect4                                   6,507    11,759 
==========================================================  =========  ======== 
Corporate income tax and mining royalties at average 
 effective income tax rate of 47.7% (2020: 66.9%) before 
 withholding tax                                               65,536    42,092 
==========================================================  =========  ======== 
Withholding tax                                                   689       402 
==========================================================  =========  ======== 
Total taxation charge in the income statement at average 
 effective tax rate 48.2% (2020: 67.5%) from continuing 
 operations                                                    66,225    42,494 
==========================================================  =========  ======== 
 

1 Argentina benefits from a special investment regime that allows for a super (double) deduction in calculating its taxable profits for all costs relating to prospecting, exploration and metallurgical analysis, pilot plants and other expenses incurred in the preparation of feasibility studies for mining projects.

2 Includes the income tax charge on mine closure provision of -US$1,325,000 (2020: US$1,687,000), the tax charge related to the Inmaculada mine unit depreciation of US$1,090,000 (2020: US$902,000), and the effect of not recognised tax losses of US$3,157,000 (2020: US$1,982,000).

   3   Corresponds to the impact of a mining royalty and special mining tax in Peru (note 31). 

4 The foreign exchange effect is composed of US$934,000 profit (2020: US$1,584,000 loss) from Argentina and a loss of US$7,441,000 (2020: US$10,175,000 loss) from Peru. This mainly corresponds to the foreign exchange effect of converting tax bases and monetary items from local currency to the corresponding functional currency. The main contributor of the foreign exchange effect on the tax charge in 2021 is the devaluation of the Peruvian soles (2020: Peruvian soles).

15 Basic and diluted earnings per share

Earnings per share ('EPS') is calculated by dividing profit for the year attributable to equity shareholders of

the Parent by the   weighted average number of ordinary shares issued during the year. 

The Company has dilutive potential ordinary shares.

As at 31 December 2021 and 2020, EPS has been calculated as follows:

 
                                                                 As at 31 December 
                                                                =================== 
                                                                   2021        2020 
=============================================================   =======  ========== 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share from continuing operations 
Before exceptional items (US$)                                     0.14        0.06 
Exceptional items (US$)                                            0.01      (0.03) 
==============================================================  =======  ========== 
Total for the year and from continuing operations (US$)            0.15        0.03 
==============================================================  =======  ========== 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share from continuing operations 
Before exceptional items (US$)                                     0.13        0.06 
Exceptional items (US$)                                            0.01      (0.03) 
==============================================================  =======  ========== 
Total for the year and from continuing operations (US$)            0.14        0.03 
==============================================================  =======  ========== 
 

Profit from continuing operations before exceptional items and attributable to equity holders of the Parent is derived as follows:

 
                                                             As at 31 December 
                                                            =================== 
                                                                  2021     2020 
=========================================================   ==========  ======= 
Profit attributable to equity holders of the Parent 
 - continuing operations (US$ 000 )                             76,934   15,162 
Exceptional items after tax - attributable to equity 
 holders of the Parent (US$ 000 )                              (7,367)   16,800 
==========================================================  ==========  ======= 
Profit from continuing operations before exceptional 
 items attributable to equity holders of the Parent (US$ 
 000 )                                                          69,567   31,962 
==========================================================  ==========  ======= 
Profit from continuing operations before exceptional 
 items attributable to equity holders of the Parent for 
 the purpose of diluted earnings per share (US$ 000 )           69,567   31,962 
==========================================================  ==========  ======= 
 

The following reflects the share data used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations:

 
                                                               As at 31 December 
                                                              =================== 
                                                                   2021      2020 
===========================================================   =========  ======== 
Basic weighted average number of ordinary shares in 
 issue (thousands)                                              513,876   513,876 
Effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares related 
 to contingently issuable shares (thousands)                      5,689       600 
============================================================  =========  ======== 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue 
 for the purpose of diluted earnings per share (thousands)      519,565   514,476 
============================================================  =========  ======== 
 

16 Property, plant and equipment

 
                      Mining 
                  properties 
                         and                       Plant                         Construction 
                 development          Land           and                   Mine   in progress 
                       costs           and     equipment                closure   and capital 
                          1      buildings         1and2  Vehicles(5)     asset      advances      Total 
                      US$000        US$000        US$000       US$000    US$000      4 US$000     US$000 
=============   ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Year ended 31 
December 
2021 
Cost 
=============   ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
At 1 January 
 2021              1,514,704       530,784       612,620       10,654   107,740        33,320  2,809,822 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Additions             89,551           735        16,373        6,095         -        19,709    132,463 
Change in 
 discount rate 
 (note 27(1))              -             -             -            -   (2,344)             -    (2,344) 
Change in mine 
 closure 
 estimate 
 (note 27(1))              -             -             -            -       986             -        986 
Disposals                  -             -       (1,430)      (5,654)         -             -    (7,084) 
Write-offs                 -             -       (7,529)        (419)         -             -    (7,948) 
Demerger 
 Aclara (note 
 4)                        -         (201)         (432)            -         -             -      (633) 
Foreign 
 exchange 
 effect                    -          (21)         (158)            -         -             -      (179) 
Transfers and 
 other 
 movements 3           1,064        24,235        15,632        1,321         -      (41,188)      1,064 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
At 31 December 
 2021              1,605,319       555,532       635,076       11,997   106,382        11,841  2,926,147 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Accumulated 
depreciation 
and 
impairment 
=============   ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
At 1 January 
 2021              1,188,404       352,088       396,155        8,754    75,919           839  2,022,159 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Depreciation 
 for the 
 year                 95,308        24,188        29,080        2,593     4,381             -    155,550 
Disposals                  -             -       (1,392)      (5,515)         -             -    (6,907) 
Write-offs                 -             -       (6,676)        (409)         -             -    (7,085) 
Demerger 
 Aclara (note 
 4)                        -             -         (126)            -         -             -      (126) 
Foreign 
 exchange 
 effect                    -             -         (126)            -         -             -      (126) 
Impairment            16,643         1,506         4,575        1,201       601             -     24,526 
Transfers and 
 other 
 movements 3              37          (70)         (423)           89         -           404         37 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
At 31 December 
 2021              1,300,392       377,712       421,067        6,713    80,901         1,243  2,188,028 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Net book 
 amount at 31 
 December 2021       304,927       177,820       214,009        5,284    25,481        10,598    738,119 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
 

1 Within mining properties and development costs and plant and equipment there are US$28,947,000 and US$6,742,000 related to the Crespo CGU that is not currently being depreciated as the unit is not operating pending the feasibility of the project and considering that the depreciation method is units of production.

2 Within plant and equipment, costs of US$391,152,000 are subject to depreciation on a unit of production basis in line with accounting policy for which the accumulated depreciation is US$248,187,000 and depreciation charge for the year is US$15,377,000.

3 Transfers and other movements include US$1,027,000 that was transferred from evaluation and exploration assets (note 17).

   4   There were borrowing costs capitalised in property, plant and equipment amounting to US$37,000. 
   5   Vehicles include US$3,258,000 of right of use assets. 
 
                      Mining 
                  properties 
                         and                       Plant                         Construction 
                 development          Land           and                   Mine   in progress 
                       costs           and     equipment                closure   and capital 
                          1      buildings         1and2  Vehicles(5)     asset      advances      Total 
                      US$000        US$000        US$000       US$000    US$000      4 US$000     US$000 
=============   ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Year ended 31 
December 
2020 
Cost 
=============   ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
At 1 January 
 2020              1,449,374       529,081       610,955       11,748    99,696        15,196  2,716,050 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Additions             62,442           118         6,431            -         -        25,646     94,637 
Initial 
 recognition               -             -             -            -       235             -        235 
Change in 
 discount rate 
 (note 28(1))              -             -             -            -     5,385             -      5,385 
Change in mine 
 closure 
 estimate 
 (note 28(1))              -             -             -            -     2,424             -      2,424 
Disposals                  -         (132)       (1,870)         (31)         -             -    (2,033) 
Write-offs                 -             -       (8,613)      (1,127)         -             -    (9,740) 
Transfers and 
 other 
 movements 3           2,888         1,717         5,717           64         -       (7,522)      2,864 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
At 31 December 
 2020              1,514,704       530,784       612,620       10,654   107,740        33,320  2,809,822 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Accumulated 
depreciation 
and 
impairment 
=============   ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
At 1 January 
 2020              1,119,462       334,065       384,155        7,310    74,834           947  1,920,773 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Depreciation 
 for the 
 year                 72,067        19,030        22,700        2,618     2,454             -    118,869 
Disposals                  -          (17)       (1,867)         (28)         -             -    (1,912) 
Write-offs                 -             -       (6,539)      (1,123)         -             -    (7,662) 
Reversal of 
 impairment          (3,831)       (1,101)       (1,589)            -   (1,369)             -    (7,890) 
Transfers and 
 other 
 movements 3             706           111         (705)         (23)         -         (108)       (19) 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
At 31 December 
 2020              1,188,404       352,088       396,155        8,754    75,919           839  2,022,159 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
Net book 
 amount at 31 
 December 2020       326,300       178,696       216,465        1,900    31,821        32,481    787,663 
==============  ============  ============  ============  ===========  ========  ============  ========= 
 

1 Within mining properties and development costs and plant and equipment there are US$28,489,000 and US$6,718,000 related to the Crespo CGU that is not currently being depreciated as the unit is not operating pending the feasibility of the project.

2 Within plant and equipment, costs of US$381,456,000 are subject to depreciation on a unit of production basis in line with accounting policy for which the accumulated depreciation is US$230,709,000 and depreciation charge for the year is US$10,289,000.

3 Transfers and other movements include US$2,828,000 that was transferred from evaluation and exploration assets (note 17).

   4   There were borrowing costs capitalised in property, plant and equipment amounting to US$32,000. 
   5   Vehicles include US$410,00 of right of use assets. 

2021

As at 31 December 2021, management determined that there was a trigger of impairment in the Pallancata mine unit due to lower grades production and the need of an increase of capital expenditure to access new low grade areas and extend the life of mine by one year to 2023.

The impairment test performed over the Pallancata CGU resulted in an impairment charge recognised as at 31 December 2021 amounting to US$24,846,000 (US$24,526,000 in property, plant and equipment, and US$320,000 in evaluation and exploration assets).

No indicators of impairment or reversal of impairment were identified in the other CGUs, which includes other exploration projects.

The recoverable value of the Pallancata CGUs was determined using a fair value less costs of disposal (FVLCD) methodology. FVLCD was determined using a combination of level 2 and level 3 inputs, which result in fair value measurements categorised in its entirety as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy, to construct a discounted cash flow model to estimate the amount that would be paid by a willing third party in an arm's length transaction.

The key assumptions on which management has based its determination of FVLCD and the associated recoverable values calculated are gold and silver prices, future capital requirements, production costs, reserves and resources volumes (reflected in the production volume), and the discount rate.

 
 Real prices US$ per oz.      2022    2023 
=========================   ======  ====== 
 Gold                        1,764   1,669 
 Silver                       23.5    22.3 
==========================  ======  ====== 
 
 
                               Pallancata 
==========================    =========== 
 Discount rate (post tax)            3.3% 
============================  =========== 
 

The period of 2 years were used to prepare the cash flow projections of the Pallancata mine unit which is in line with their life of mine.

 
 31 December 2021 (US$000)                               Pallancata 
====================================================    =========== 
 Current carrying value of CGU, net of deferred tax           3,241 
======================================================  =========== 
 

Sensitivity analysis

As the Pallancata CGU was impaired at 31 December 2021, a negative change in any of the key assumptions would not have an impact on the impairment charge recognised. Given the short time left in the life of this mine, management also believes that no reasonably possible change in any of the key assumptions would decrease the impairment charge recognised, other than a positive change in the gold and silver prices.

An increase of 10% in the gold and silver prices would decrease the impairment charge recorded by US$5.6 million.

2020

In 2020, management determined that there was a trigger of impairment in the San Jose mine unit due to the increase of the discount rate from 13.5% to 15.9%, mainly explained by the rise in country risk premium in Argentina. In addition, the increase in the short and medium analysis consensus prices of gold and silver in the year represented a trigger of impairment reversal for the Pallancata and San Jose mine units as both of these CGUs have previously been impaired.

The impairment test performed over the San Jose CGU resulted in a reversal of impairment recognised as at 31 December 2020 amounted to US$8,303,000 (US$7,890,000 in property, plant and equipment, US$100,000 in evaluation and exploration assets and US$313,000 in intangibles). The reversal of impairment was mainly driven by an increase in the analysis consensus prices of silver and gold which was partially offset by the impact of the increase in the discount rate.

The result of the impairment test performed over the Pallancata CGU showed that the recoverable value of Pallancata was supported by the carrying value, and neither an impairment nor impairment reversal was recognised at 31 December 2020.

No indicators of impairment or reversal of impairment were identified in the other CGUs, which includes other exploration projects.

The recoverable values of the San Jose and Pallancata CGUs were determined using a fair value less costs of disposal (FVLCD) methodology.

The key assumptions on which management has based its determination of FVLCD and the associated recoverable values calculated are gold and silver prices, future capital requirements, production costs, reserves and resources volumes (reflected in the production volume), and the discount rate.

 
 Real prices US$ per oz.      2021    2022    2023    2024   Long-term 
=========================   ======  ======  ======  ======  ========== 
 Gold                        1,937   1,823   1,684   1,452       1,400 
==========================  ======  ======  ======  ======  ========== 
 Silver                       26.4    21.8    21.0    19.2        17.8 
==========================  ======  ======  ======  ======  ========== 
 
 
                              San Jose   Pallancata 
==========================   =========  =========== 
 Discount rate (post tax)         5.9%         4.1% 
===========================  =========  =========== 
 

The period of 6 and 2 years were used to prepare the cash flow projections of San Jose mine unit and the Pallancata mine unit respectively which were in line with their life of mine.

 
 31 December 2020 (US$000)          San Jose   Pallancata 
================================   =========  =========== 
 Current carrying value of CGU, 
  net of deferred tax                127,500       35,481 
=================================  =========  =========== 
 

The estimated recoverable values of the Group's CGUs are equal to, or not materially different than, their carrying values.

Sensitivity analysis

Other than as disclosed below, management believes that no reasonably possible change in any of the key assumptions above would cause the carrying value of any of its cash generating units to exceed its recoverable amount.

A change in any of the key assumptions would have the following impact:

 
                                                   US$000 
                                           ====================== 
                                            San Jose   Pallancata 
=======================================    =========  =========== 
 Gold and silver prices (decrease by 
  10%)                                      (61,800)     (12,200) 
 Gold and silver prices (increase by 
  5%)                                       7,700(1)     9,750(1) 
 Production costs (increase by 10%)         (32,800)      (4,700) 
 Production costs (decrease by 10%)         7,700(1)        4,700 
 Production volume (decrease by 10%)        (11,800)            - 
 Production volume (increase by 10%)        7,700(1)            - 
 Post tax discount rate (increase by         (8,200)            - 
  3%)(2) 
 Post tax discount rate (decrease by        7,700(1)            - 
  3%)(2) 
 Capital expenditure (increase by 10%)      (10,300)            - 
 Capital expenditure (decrease by 10%)      7,700(1)            - 
=========================================  =========  =========== 
 

1 This represents the maximum impairment loss that could be reversed, as it represents the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised.

2 Management believed that a 3% change was a reasonably possible change in the post-tax discount rate in Argentina. However, changes in the perception of Argentina arising from political, social and financial disruption may give rise to significant movement in the discount rate used in the assessment of the San Jose CGU.

Management has also determined that the Group's CGUs are sensitive to future stoppage of operations as a result of Covid-19. In the absence of any changes to the current gold and silver prices projections or any of the other key assumptions, we would expect the estimated recoverable amount of our CGUs related to the San Jose and Pallancata mine units could be reduced by US$8,900,000 and US$3,700,000 respectively, per month of stoppage.

17 Evaluation and exploration assets

 
                                                Aclara (formerly 
                                Azuca   Crespo    Biolantanidos)    Volcan   Others     Total 
                               US$000   US$000            US$000    US$000   US$000    US$000 
===========================   =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Cost 
Balance at 1 January 
 2020                          82,713   27,242            60,507    95,452   21,153   287,067 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Additions                         551    1,684             8,297     1,068    1,687    13,287 
Transfers to property 
 plant and equipment (note 
 16)                                -        -                 -         -  (2,857)   (2,857) 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Balance at 31 December 
 2020                          83,264   28,926            68,804    96,520   19,983   297,497 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Additions                         580    2,421            11,349       953    6,095    21,398 
Demerger (note 4)                   -        -          (70,311)         -        -  (70,433) 
Disposals                           -        -             (122)         -        -     (122) 
Foreign exchange effect             -        -           (9,720)  (16,222)        -  (25,942) 
Transfers to property 
 plant and equipment (note 
 16)                                -        -                 -         -  (1,064)   (1,064) 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Balance at 31 December 
 2021                          83,844   31,347                 -    81,251   25,014   221,456 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Accumulated impairment 
Balance at 1 January 
 2020                          45,876    9,878                 -    44,381    5,370   105,505 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Impairment reversal                 -        -                 -         -    (100)     (100) 
Transfers to property, 
 plant and equipment (note 
 16)                                -        -                 -         -     (29)      (29) 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Balance at 31 December 
 2020                          45,876    9,878                 -    44,381    5,241   105,376 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Impairment                          -        -                 -         -      320       320 
Foreign exchange effect             -        -                 -   (7,507)        -   (7,507) 
Transfers to property, 
 plant and equipment (note 
 16)                                                           -               (37)      (37) 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Balance at 31 December 
 2021                          45,876    9,878                 -    36,874    5,524    98,152 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Net book value as at 
 31 December 2020              37,388   19,048            68,804    52,139   14,742   192,121 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
Net book value as at 
 31 December 2021              37,968   21,469                 -    44,377   20,517   123,304 
============================  =======  =======  ================  ========  =======  ======== 
 

At 31 December 2021, the Group has recorded an impairment with respect to evaluation and exploration assets of the Pallancata mine unit of US$320,000 (2020: reversal of impairment with respect to evaluation and exploration assets of the San Jose mine unit of US$100,000). The calculation of the recoverable values is detailed in note 16.

There were no borrowing costs capitalised in evaluation and exploration assets.

18 Intangible assets

 
                                           Transmission       Water   Software     Legal 
                                                  line1    permits2   licences   rights3    Total 
                                                 US$000      US$000     US$000    US$000   US$000 
========================================   ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2020                        22,157      26,583      1,899     8,580   59,219 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Transfer                                              -           -          7         -        7 
Balance at 31 December 2020                      22,157      26,583      1,906     8,580   59,226 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Foreign exchange effect                               -     (4,499)          -         -  (4,499) 
Disposals                                             -           -       (17)         -     (17) 
Balance at 31 December 2021                      22,157      22,084      1,889     8,580   54,710 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Accumulated amortisation and impairment 
Balance at 1 January 2020                        16,486      12,686      1,873     5,815   36,860 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Amortisation for the year4                          535           -         17       563    1,115 
Reversal of impairment                            (313)           -          -         -    (313) 
Balance at 31 December 2020                      16,708      12,686      1,890     6,378   37,662 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Amortisation for the year4                          843           -          8       267    1,118 
Disposals                                             -           -       (17)         -     (17) 
Foreign exchange effect                               -     (2,147)          -         -  (2,147) 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Balance at 31 December 2021                      17,551      10,539      1,881     6,645   36,616 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Net book value as at 31 December 
 2020                                             5,449      13,897         16     2,202   21,564 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
Net book value as at 31 December 
 2021                                             4,606      11,545          8     1,935   18,094 
=========================================  ============  ==========  =========  ========  ======= 
 

1 The transmission line is amortised using the units of production method. At 31 December 2021 the remaining amortisation period is approximately 7 years (2020: 7 years) in line with the life of the mine. At 31 December 2020, the Group recorded a reversal of impairment with respect to the transmission line of the San Jose mine unit of US$313,000 (the calculation of the recoverable values is detailed in note 16).

2 Corresponds to the acquisition of water permits of Andina Minerals Group ("Andina"). These permits have an indefinite life according to Chilean law. To determine the fair value less costs of disposal of the Volcan cash-generating unit, which includes the water permits held by the Group, the Group used the value-in-situ methodology. This methodology applies a realisable 'enterprise value' to unprocessed mineral resources which was US$7.15 per gold equivalent ounce of resources at 31 December 2021 (2020: US$7.40). The risk adjusted enterprise value figure has been determined using a combination of level 2 (enterprise values and gold prices) and level 3 inputs (unprocessed mineral resources and risk factor) which result in a fair value measurement categorised in its entirety as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy, to estimate the amount that would be paid by a willing third party in an arm's length transaction, taking into account the water restrictions imposed by the Chilean government.

3 Legal rights correspond to expenditures required to give the Group the right to use a property for the surface exploration work, development and production. At 31 December 2021 the remaining amortisation period is from 1.5 to 11.5 years (2020: 2.5 to 12.5 years).

4 The amortisation for the period is included in cost of sales and administrative expenses in the income statement.

The carrying amount of the Volcan CGU, which includes the water permits, is reviewed annually to determine whether it is in excess of its recoverable amount. No impairments were recognised in 2021 and 2020. The estimated recoverable amount is not materially different than its carrying value.

Key assumptions

 
                                                      2021   2020 
==================================================   =====  ===== 
 Risk adjusted value per in-situ (gold equivalent 
  ounce) US$                                          7.15   7.40 
===================================================  =====  ===== 
 
 
 US$000                                  2021     2020 
===================================   =======  ======= 
 Current carrying value Volcan CGU     55,922   66,036 
====================================  =======  ======= 
 

The estimated recoverable amount is not materially different than its carrying value.

Sensitivity analysis

Other than as disclosed below, management believes that no reasonably possible change in any of the key assumptions above would cause the carrying value exceed its recoverable amount.

A change in the value in situ assumption could cause an impairment loss or reversal of impairment to be recognised as follows:

 
 Approximate (impairment)/reversal of impairment         2021       2020 
  resulting from the following changes (US$000) 
=================================================   =========  ========= 
 Value per in-situ ounce (20% decrease)              (13,661)   (14,100) 
 Value per in-situ ounce (20% increase)                13,661     14,100 
 Risk factor (increase by 5%)                         (5,254)    (5,400) 
 Risk factor (decrease by 5%)                           5,254      5,400 
==================================================  =========  ========= 
 

19 Investment in an associate

Following the demerger of Aclara (refer to note 4), the Group retained a 20.0% interest in Aclara Resources Inc., a listed company involved in the exploration for rare-earth metals in Chile. The company was incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Canada, where the principal executive offices are located. The operations are conducted through one wholly-owned subsidiary named REE UNO SpA, located in Chile.

According to IFRS 10, when a parent loses control of a subsidiary, it must recognise any investment retained in the former subsidiary at its fair value at the date when control is lost. Any gain or loss on the transaction will be recorded in profit and loss. This fair value will be accounted for the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate. The fair value recognised was US$23,742,000 (refer to note 4).

The Group's interest in Aclara is accounted for using the equity method in the consolidated financial statements.

In addition, the Group purchased 14,870,397 shares for a total consideration of US$19,995,000 to maintain the 20% interests after the IPO of Aclara.

At 31 December 2021, the Group holds 32,526,101 shares in Aclara, representing 20% interest in the Company. From 10 December 2021 Aclara is listed company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange and the fair value of the shares amounted to US$37,080,000 as at 31 December 2021.

The following table summarises the financial information of the Group's investment in Aclara Resources Inc.:

 
                                                              Year ended 
                                                             31 December 
                                                                    2021 
                                                                  US$000 
======================================================== 
 Current assets                                                   91,320 
 Non-current assets                                               68,126 
 Current liabilities                                               3,185 
 Equity                                                          156,261 
 Group's share in equity (20%)                                    31,252 
 Fair value adjustment allocated to the evaluation 
  and exploration assets on initial recognition                   12,307 
 Group's carrying amount of the investment 20%                    43,559 
 
 Summarised consolidated statement of profit and loss 
 Revenue                                                               - 
 Administrative expenses                                           (324) 
 Exploration expenses                                              (510) 
 Finance cost                                                       (17) 
 Foreign exchange effect                                           (479) 
 Loss from continuing operations for the year                    (1,330) 
 Loss from continuing operation from incorporation 
  to 31 December 2021                                              (847) 
 Group's share of loss for the period                              (169) 
 Other comprehensive loss that may be reclassified 
  to profit or loss in 
  subsequent periods, net of tax 
 Exchange differences on translating foreign operations          (4,526) 
 Total comprehensive loss for the year                           (4,526) 
 Total comprehensive loss from incorporation to 31 
  December 2021                                                     (46) 
 Group's share of comprehensive loss for the period                  (9) 
=========================================================  ============= 
 

At the moment of the acquisition of the associate, the loss of the period was US$483,000 and the comprehensive loss for the period was US$4,480,000.

The carrying amount of the investment recognised the changes in the Group's share of net assets of the associate since the acquisition date. The balance as at 31 December 2021 is US$43,559,000.

No dividends were received from the associate during 2021.

20 Financial assets at fair value through OCI

 
                                        Year ended 
                                        31 December 
                                     ================ 
                                        2021     2020 
                                      US$000   US$000 
==================================   =======  ======= 
Beginning balance                        402    6,159 
===================================  =======  ======= 
Acquisitions1                              7        - 
Fair value change recorded in OCI        261    1,765 
Disposals2                               (9)  (7,522) 
===================================  =======  ======= 
Ending balance                           661      402 
===================================  =======  ======= 
 
   1   Corresponds to the purchase of 47,625 shares of Austral Gold (US$7,000). 

2 Corresponds to the sale of 51,857 shares of Revelo Resources Corp. with a fair value at the date of sale of US$9,000 generating a loss on disposal of US$18,000 that was recycled to retained earnings (2020: As the investments were not considered to be strategic, the Group sold 452,200 shares of ASC, 7,399,331 shares of Skeena Resources Limited and 7,000,026 shares of Goldspot Discoveries Inc. with a fair value at the date of sale of US$1,257,000, US$5,337,000 and US$928,000, generating a gain on disposal of US$658,000, US$1,091,000 and US$239,000 respectively).

The Group made the election at initial recognition to measure the below equity investments at fair value through OCI as they are not held for trading. The fair value at 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 is as follows:

 
 
                                                             US$000 
                                                           ========== 
                                                           2021  2020 
========================================================   ====  ==== 
Listed equity investments: 
Power Group Projects Corp (formerly Cobalt Power Group)      12    27 
Revelo Resources Corp.                                        -     8 
Austral Gold                                                  3     - 
Skeena Resources Limited                                    312   325 
Empire Petroleum Corp.                                      334    42 
=========================================================  ====  ==== 
Total listed equity investments                             661   402 
=========================================================  ====  ==== 
Total non-listed equity investments                           -     - 
========================================================   ====  ==== 
Total                                                       661   402 
=========================================================  ====  ==== 
 

Fair value of the listed shares is determined by reference to published price quotations in an active market and they are categorised as level 1. The fair value of non-listed equity investments is determined based on financial information available of the companies and they are categorised as level 3.

21 Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss

 
                                                        Year ended 31 
                                                           December 
                                                       ================ 
                                                          2021     2020 
                                                        US$000   US$000 
====================================================   =======  ======= 
Beginning balance                                        5,407        - 
=====================================================  =======  ======= 
Acquisitions1                                            3,308    4,301 
Fair value change recorded in profit and loss (note 
 13(3))                                                  (834)    1,106 
Disposals2                                             (4,726)        - 
=====================================================  =======  ======= 
Ending balance                                           3,155    5,407 
=====================================================  =======  ======= 
 

1 Corresponds to 25,001,540 shares of C3 Metals Inc. received in payment of the sale of the Jasperoide property in Peru (2020: corresponds to 1,687,401 shares of AGSC received as a payment for the balance receivable for the sale of the San Felipe project recognised as an asset held for sale as at 31 December 2019).

2 During 2021 the Group sold 1,687,401 shares of AGSC, classified as financial assets at fair value through profit and loss, with a fair value at the date of the sale of US$4,726,000, generating a loss on disposal of US$681,000 which was recognised within finance costs.

The below equity investments are classified at fair value through profit and loss as they are held for trading.

The fair value at 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 is as follows:

 
 
                                           US$000 
                                        ============ 
                                         2021   2020 
=====================================   =====  ===== 
Listed equity investments: 
Americas Gold and Silver Corporation        -  5,407 
C3 Metals Inc.                          3,155      - 
======================================  =====  ===== 
                                        3,155  5,407 
                                        =====  ===== 
 

Fair value of the listed shares is determined by reference to published price quotations in an active market and they are categorised as level 1.

22 Trade and other receivables

 
                                                                 As at 31 December 
                                                     ========================================== 
                                                                     2021                  2020 
==================================================   ====================  ==================== 
                                                     Non-current  Current  Non-current  Current 
                                                          US$000   US$000       US$000   US$000 
==================================================   ===========  =======  ===========  ======= 
Trade receivables                                              -   27,773            -   45,353 
Advances to suppliers                                          -    5,119            -    4,045 
Duties recoverable from exports of Minera 
 Santa Cruz1                                                 184        -          846        - 
Receivables from related parties (note 
 30 (a) )                                                      -      224            -      388 
Loans to employees                                           531      257          603      101 
Interest receivable                                            -       95            -      126 
Receivable from Kaupthing, Singer and Friedlander 
 Bank                                                          -      200            -      201 
Other2                                                     1,540    9,013        1,519   10,298 
Provision for impairment3                                      -  (2,421)            -  (7,111) 
===================================================  ===========  =======  ===========  ======= 
Assets classified as receivables                           2,255   40,260        2,968   53,401 
===================================================  ===========  =======  ===========  ======= 
Prepaid expenses                                             174    6,047          212    4,606 
Value Added Tax (VAT)4                                        41   23,442        2,215   20,189 
===================================================  ===========  =======  ===========  ======= 
Total                                                      2,470   69,749        5,395   78,196 
===================================================  ===========  =======  ===========  ======= 
 

The fair values of trade and other receivables approximate their book value.

1 Relates to export benefits through the Patagonian Port and silver refunds in Minera Santa Cruz, discounted over 18 and 24 months (2020: 18 and 24 months) at a rate of 17.55% (2020: 14.03%) for dollars denominated amounts and 40.17% (2020: 40.34%) for Argentinian pesos. The loss on the unwinding of the discount is recognised within finance expense (2020: finance income).

2 Mainly corresponds to account receivables from contractors for the sale of supplies of US$2,164 ,000 (2020: US$1,642,000) , receivables from government agencies of US$nil (2020: US$4,476,000), loan to third parties of US$790,000 (2020: US$512,000), claim receivable of US$1,165,000 (2020: US$1,269,000), receivable from the sale of VAT in San José of US$nil (2020: US$1,222,000l) and other tax claims of US$2,150,000 (2020: US$45,000).

3 Includes the provision for impairment of trade receivable from customers in Peru of US$1,277,000 (2020: US$1,403,000), the impairment of deposits in Kaupthing, Singer and Friedlander of US$197,000 (2020: US$201,000), the impairment of the account receivables from government agencies of US$nil (2020: US$4,476,000), the impairment of account receivable from third parties of US$692,000 (2020: US$656,000) and other receivables of US$343,000 (2020: US$375,000).

4 Primarily relates to US$17,053,000 (2020: US$9,747,000) of VAT receivable related to the San Jose project that will be recovered through future sales of gold and silver and also through the sale of these credits to third-parties by Minera Santa Cruz. It also includes the VAT of Minera Ares of US$5,570,000 (2020: US$9,154,000), REE UNO SpA of US$nil (2020; US$2,166,000) and Empresa de Transmisión Aymaraes S.A.C. of US$nil (2020: US$590,000). The VAT is valued at its recoverable amount.

Movements in the provision for impairment of receivables:

 
                                          Individually 
                                              impaired 
                                                US$000 
=======================================   ============ 
At 1 January 2020                                6,766 
========================================  ============ 
Provided for during the year (note 12)             996 
Foreign exchange effect                          (651) 
========================================  ============ 
At 31 December 2020                              7,111 
========================================  ============ 
Write - off                                    (4,476) 
Foreign exchange effect                          (214) 
========================================  ============ 
At 31 December 2021                              2,421 
========================================  ============ 
 

As at 31 December 2021 and 2020, none of the financial assets classified as receivables (net of impairment) were past due.

23 Inventories

 
                                           As at 31 December 
                                          =================== 
                                               2021      2020 
                                             US$000    US$000 
=======================================   =========  ======== 
Finished goods valued at cost                   220         - 
Products in process valued at cost            3,547     4,087 
Products in process accrual                   7,534     4,413 
Supplies and spare parts                     41,021    38,778 
========================================  =========  ======== 
                                             52,322    47,278 
                                          =========  ======== 
Provision for obsolescence of supplies      (3,138)   (4,916) 
========================================  =========  ======== 
Total                                        49,184    42,362 
========================================  =========  ======== 
 

Finished goods include ounces of gold and silver, dore and concentrate. Products in process include stockpile (2020: stockpile).

The Group either sells dore bars as a finished product or if it is commercially advantageous to do so, delivers the bars for refining into gold and silver ounces which are then sold. In the latter scenario, the dore bars are classified as products in process. At 31 December 2021 and 2020 the Group had no dore on hand included in products in process.

Concentrate is sold to smelters, but in addition could be used as a product in process to produce dore.

As part of the Group's short-term financing policies, it acquires pre-shipment loans which are guaranteed by the sales contracts. The Group has contracts as at 31 December 2021 of US$nil (2020: US$10,628,000) (refer to note 26).

The amount of expense recognised in profit and loss related to the consumption of inventory of supplies, spare parts and raw materials is US$109,191,000 (2020: US$76,739,000).

Movements in the provision for obsolescence comprise an increase in the provision of US$559,000 (2020: US$nil) and the reversal of US$2,338,000 related to supplies and spare parts, that had been provided for (2020: US$1,921,000).

24 Cash and cash equivalents

 
                                                           As at 31 December 
                                                          =================== 
                                                               2021      2020 
                                                             US$000    US$000 
=======================================================   =========  ======== 
Cash at bank                                                  1,065     1,198 
Current demand deposit accounts1                             86,058    79,834 
Time deposits2                                              299,666   150,851 
========================================================  =========  ======== 
Cash and cash equivalents considered for the statement 
 of cash flows                                              386,789   231,883 
========================================================  =========  ======== 
 

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents approximates their book value. The Group does not have undrawn borrowing facilities available in the future for operating activities or capital commitments.

   1   Relates to bank accounts which are freely available and bear interest. 
   2   These deposits have an average maturity of 18 days (2020: average of 45 days). 

25 Trade and other payables

 
                                                         As at 31 December 
                                             ========================================== 
                                                     2021                  2020 
                                             ====================  ==================== 
                                             Non-current  Current  Non-current  Current 
                                                  US$000   US$000       US$000   US$000 
==========================================   ===========  =======  ===========  ======= 
Trade payables1                                        -   78,695            -   72,066 
Salaries and wages payable2                            -   30,850            -   26,580 
Dividends payable                                      -       31            -       34 
Taxes and contributions                                1    9,607            3    5,075 
Guarantee deposits                                     -    5,773            -    5,962 
Mining royalties (note 31)                             -    1,505            -      315 
Accounts payable to related parties (note 
 30 (a) )                                              -      284            -      266 
Lease liabilities                                  2,814    1,597            -      617 
Other                                                  -    5,140          202    3,500 
===========================================  ===========  =======  ===========  ======= 
Total                                              2,815  133,482          205  114,415 
===========================================  ===========  =======  ===========  ======= 
 

The fair value of trade and other payables approximate their book values.

1 Trade payables relate mainly to the acquisition of materials, supplies and contractors' services. These payables do not accrue interest and no guarantees have been granted.

2 Salaries and wages payable relates to remuneration payable. At 31 December 2021, there were Board members remuneration payable of US$170,000 (2020: US$151,000) and no long-term incentive plan payable (2020: US$nil).

26 Borrowings

 
                                                                                  As at 31 December 
                                                           ================================================================ 
                                                                        2021                             2020 
                                                           ===============================  =============================== 
                                                           Effective                        Effective 
                                                            interest  Non-current  Current   interest  Non-current  Current 
                                                                rate       US$000   US$000       rate       US$000   US$000 
========================================================   =========  ===========  =======  =========  ===========  ======= 
Secured bank loans (a) 
                                                                                               28% to 
  *    Pre-shipment loans in Minera Santa Cruz (note 23)                        -        -        35%            -   10,628 
 
  *    Bank loans                                              2.17%      300,000      499       1.5%      199,554      150 
=========================================================  =========  ===========  =======  =========  ===========  ======= 
Total                                                                     300,000      499                 199,554   10,778 
=========================================================  =========  ===========  =======  =========  ===========  ======= 
 

(a) Secured bank loans:

Medium-term bank loans:

In December 2019, a five-year credit agreement was signed between Minera Ares and Scotiabank Peru S.A.A., The Bank of Nova Scotia and BBVA Securities Inc, with Hochschild Mining plc as guarantor. The US$200,000,000 medium term loan was payable on equal quarterly instalments from the second anniversary of the loan with an interest rate of Libor three months plus 1.15% payable quarterly until maturity on 13 December 2024. In September 2021, the Group negotiated with the same counterpart a US $ 200,000,0000 loan to replace the original loan, plus an additional US $ 100,000,000 optional loan. US $ 200,000,000 was withdrawn on 21 September 2021, and the optional US $ 100,000,000 loan was withdrawn on 1 December 2021. The maturity was extended until September 2026, and the interest rate increased to 3-month USD Libor plus a spread of 1.65%. A structuring fee of US$900,000 was paid to the lender and additional US$193,000 was incurred as transaction costs. In addition, a commitment fee of US$120,000 was paid for the period that the optional US $100,000,000 loan remained undrawn. This was considered a substantial modification to the terms of the loan, and consequently, it was treated as an extinguishment of the loan which resulted in the derecognition of the existing liability and recognition of a new liability. The associated costs and fees incurred have been recognised as part of the loss on the extinguishment.

The carrying value including accrued interests payable as at 31 December 2021 is US$300,499,000. The maturity of non-current borrowings is as follows:

 
                          As at 31 December 
                         =================== 
                              2021      2020 
                            US$000    US$000 
======================   =========  ======== 
Between 1 and 2 years       25,000    66,666 
Between 2 and 5 years      275,000   132,888 
Over 5 years                     -         - 
======================   =========  ======== 
Total                      300,000   199,554 
=======================  =========  ======== 
 

The carrying amount of the pre-shipment loans approximates their fair value. The carrying amount and fair value of the mid-term loan are as follows:

 
                        Carrying amount          Fair value 
                        as at 31 December     as at 31 December 
                      ====================  ==================== 
                           2021       2020       2021       2020 
                         US$000     US$000     US$000     US$000 
===================   =========  =========  =========  ========= 
Secured bank loans      300,499    199,704    296,122    199,110 
====================  =========  =========  =========  ========= 
Total                   300,499    199,704    296,122    199,110 
====================  =========  =========  =========  ========= 
 

The movement in borrowings during the year is as follows:

 
 
 
                           As at                                                   As at 
                       1 January  Additions  Repayments  Reclassifications   31 December 
                     2021 US$000     US$000      US$000             US$000   2021 US$000 
=================   ============  =========  ==========  =================  ============ 
Current 
Bank loans                10,101      5,954    (14,793)            (1,262)             - 
Accrued interest             677      5,951     (5,720)              (409)           499 
==================  ============  =========  ==========  =================  ============ 
                          10,778     11,905    (20,513)            (1,671)           499 
                    ============  =========  ==========  =================  ============ 
Non-current 
Bank loans               199,554    100,000           -                446       300,000 
==================  ============  =========  ==========  =================  ============ 
                         199,554    100,000           -                446       300,000 
                    ============  =========  ==========  =================  ============ 
 

27 Provisions

 
                                            Long 
                           Provision        Term   Workers 
                            for mine   Incentive    profit 
                            closure1       Plan2   sharing    Other     Total 
                              US$000      US$000    US$000   US$000    US$000 
                           =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
At 1 January 2020            106,671         818     6,063    2,019   115,571 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
Additions                        235         308     4,986       41     5,570 
Accretion (note 13)            (387)           -         -        -     (387) 
Change in discount rate        7,129           -         -        -     7,129 
Change in estimates           16,736           -         -        -    16,736 
Foreign exchange effect            -           -      (11)    (435)     (446) 
Payments                     (3,987)           -   (5,649)        -   (9,636) 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
At 31 December 2020          126,397       1,126     5,389    1,625   134,537 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
Less: current portion       (19,390)           -   (5,389)    (725)  (25,504) 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
Non-current portion          107,007       1,126         -      900   109,033 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
At 1 January 2021            126,397       1,126     5,389    1,625   134,537 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
Additions                          -       (659)    11,018    2,164    12,523 
Accretion (note 13)          (2,038)           -         -        -   (2,038) 
Change in discount rate      (1,627)           -         -        -   (1,627) 
Change in estimates           22,364           -         -        -    22,364 
Foreign exchange effect            -           -     (525)    (290)     (815) 
Utilisation                  (1,978)           -         -        -   (1,978) 
Payments                     (9,083)           -   (4,990)        -  (14,073) 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
At 31 December 2021          134,035         467    10,892    3,499   148,893 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
Less: current portion       (19,670)           -  (10,892)  (1,496)  (32,058) 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
Non-current portion          114,365         467         -    2,003   116,835 
=========================  =========  ==========  ========  =======  ======== 
 

1 The provision represents the discounted values of the estimated cost to decommission and rehabilitate the mines at the expected date of closure of each of the mines. The present value of the provision has been calculated using a real pre-tax annual discount rate, based on a US Treasury bond of an appropriate tenure adjusted for the impact of inflation as at 31 December 2021 and 2020 respectively, and the cash flows have been adjusted to reflect the risk attached to these cash flows. Uncertainties on the timing for use of this provision include changes in the future that could impact the time of closing the mines, as new resources and reserves are discovered. The discount rate used was -2.09% (2020:-1.58%). Expected cash flows will be over a period from one to 17 years (2020: over a period from one to 17 years).

Based on the internal and external reviews of mine rehabilitation estimates, the provision for mine closure increased by US$22,364,000 mainly due to increase in the Selene mine unit of US$14,032,000 and Sipan mine unit of US$3,103,000 (2020: increase by US$16,736,000 mainly due to increase in the Ares mine unit of US$14,070,000 and San Jose mine unit of US$1,944,000).

A net charge of US$22,095,000 related to changes in estimates (US$21,378,000) and discount rates (US$717,000) for mines already closed were recognised directly in the income statement (2020: net charge of US$16,056,000 related to changes in estimates (US$14,312,000) and discount rates (US$1,744,000) for mines already closed were recognised directly in the income statement).

Utilisation for the year corresponds to depreciation of certain assets which are used as part of mine rehabilitation. This has been recognised against the mine rehabilitation provision.

The increase in the accretion from 2020 (US$387,000) to 2021 (US$2,038,000) is explained because the Group is closer to the budget execution periods and the discount rates used for 2021 were more negatives than those of 2021, hence the increase.

A change in any of the following key assumptions used to determine the provision would have the following impact:

 
                                                               US$000 
==========================================================   ======== 
 Closure costs (increase by 10%) increase of provision         13,404 
 Discount rate (increase by 0.5%) (decrease of provision)     (7,426) 
===========================================================  ======== 
 

An element of mine closure planning can be water management which relates to the treatment of contact water. The cost of this water processing could continue for a number of years after closure activities have been completed and is therefore, potentially, exposed to long-term climate change. Mine planning for Hochschild's operating assets takes into account mine-closure activities. In the case of the now-closed Sipan mine, due to the specific characteristics of the closed mine components, contact water treatment is ongoing. According to our most recent approved Mine Closure Plan (July 2021), Sipan will be the subject of ongoing treatment until 2025 or until baseline water quality conditions have been met. As at the date of approval of these financial statements, the impact of climate change on Sipan's mine closure planning is not expected to be material.

2 Corresponds to the provision related to awards granted under the Long-Term Incentive Plan ('LTIP') to designated personnel of the Group. Includes the following benefits: (i) 2020 awards, granted in February 2020, payable in February 2023, as 50% in cash, (ii) 2019 awards, granted in July 2019, payable in February 2022, as 50% in cash. Only employees who remain in the Group's employment on the vesting date will be entitled to vested awards, subject to exceptions approved by the Remuneration Committee of the Board. There are two parts to the performance conditions attached to LTIP awards: 70% is subject to the Company's TSR ranking relative to a tailored peer group of mining companies, and 30% is subject to the Company's TSR ranking relative to the constituents of the FTSE 350 mining index. The liability for the LTIP paid in cash is measured, initially and at the end of each reporting period until settled, at the fair value of the awards, by applying the Monte Carlo pricing model, taking into account the terms and conditions on which the awards were granted, and the extent to which the employees have rendered services to date. The net decrease to the provision of US$659,000 (2020: US$308,000 net increase) have been recorded as administrative expenses -US$630,000 (2020: US$295,000) and exploration expenses -US$29,000 (2020: US$13,000).

The following tables list the inputs to the Monte Carlo model used for the LTIPs as at 31 December 2021 and 2020, respectively:

 
                              LTIP 2019          LTIP 2020 
=======================    ============  ========================== 
                            31 December   31 December   31 December 
                                   2020          2021          2020 
For the period ended             US$000        US$000        US$000 
=======================    ============  ============  ============ 
Dividend yield (%)                 1.43          2.37          1.43 
Expected volatility 
 (%)                               3.39          3.70          3.39 
Risk-free interest 
 rate (%)                         -0.12          0.02         -0.13 
Expected life (years)                 1             1             2 
Weighted average share 
 price (pence GBP)               161.37        179.61        179.61 
=========================  ============  ============  ============ 
 

The expected volatility reflects the assumption that the historical volatility over a period similar to the life of the awards and is indicative of future trends, which may not necessarily be the actual outcome. The outcome of the 2019 LTIP as at 31 December 2021 was $nil.

28 Deferred income tax

The changes in the net deferred income tax assets/(liabilities) are as follows:

 
                                      As at 31 December 
                                     =================== 
                                          2021      2020 
                                        US$000    US$000 
==================================   =========  ======== 
Beginning of the year                 (72,307)  (61,476) 
===================================  =========  ======== 
Income statement credit (note 14)      (7,054)  (12,575) 
Equity charge                          (7,383)     1,744 
===================================  =========  ======== 
End of the year                       (86,744)  (72,307) 
===================================  =========  ======== 
 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to the same fiscal authority.

The movement in deferred income tax assets and liabilities before offset during the year is as follows:

 
                                    Differences                Provisional 
                                        in cost          Mine      pricing 
                                        of PP&E   development   adjustment   Others    Total 
                                         US$000        US$000       US$000   US$000   US$000 
=================================   ===========  ============  ===========  =======  ======= 
Deferred income tax liabilities 
At 1 January 2020                        36,770        81,768          353    4,283  123,174 
==================================  ===========  ============  ===========  =======  ======= 
Income statement charge/(credit)          2,751         3,184          343    (636)    5,642 
==================================  ===========  ============  ===========  =======  ======= 
At 31 December 2020                      39,521        84,952          696    3,647  128,816 
==================================  ===========  ============  ===========  =======  ======= 
Income statement charge/(credit)          6,108          (67)        (752)    (495)    4,794 
==================================  ===========  ============  ===========  =======  ======= 
At 31 December 2021                      45,629        84,885         (56)    3,152  133,610 
==================================  ===========  ============  ===========  =======  ======= 
 
 
                                    Differences  Provision 
                                        in cost   for mine          Mine 
                                        of PP&E    closure   development  Others(1)    Total 
                                         US$000     US$000        US$000     US$000   US$000 
=================================   ===========  =========  ============  =========  ======= 
Deferred income tax assets 
At 1 January 2020                        31,044     21,380           584      8,690   61,698 
==================================  ===========  =========  ============  =========  ======= 
Income statement (charge)/credit       (10,914)      4,004         (110)         87  (6,933) 
==================================  ===========  =========  ============  =========  ======= 
Equity credit                                 -          -             -      1,744    1,744 
==================================  ===========  =========  ============  =========  ======= 
At 31 December 2020                      20,130     25,384           474     10,521   56,509 
Income statement (charge)/credit        (7,333)      5,082         (109)        100  (2,260) 
==================================  ===========  =========  ============  =========  ======= 
Equity charge                                 -          -             -    (7,383)  (7,383) 
==================================  ===========  =========  ============  =========  ======= 
At 31 December 2021                      12,797     30,466           365      3,238   46,866 
==================================  ===========  =========  ============  =========  ======= 
 

1 Credit/(charge) in the year mainly related to silver forward of US$7,383,000, (2020: interest rate swap of US$1,744,000), statutory holiday provision of US$1,112,000 (2020: US$857,000), and long term incentive plan of US$731,000 (2020: US$771,000).

The amounts after offset, as presented on the face of the statement of financial position, are as follows:

 
                                    As at 31 December 
                                   =================== 
                                        2021      2020 
                                      US$000    US$000 
================================   =========  ======== 
Deferred income tax assets               484     1,009 
Deferred income tax liabilities     (87,228)  (73,316) 
=================================  =========  ======== 
Total                               (86,744)  (72,307) 
=================================  =========  ======== 
 

Unrecognised tax losses expire in the following years:

 
                            As at 31 December 
                           =================== 
                                2021      2020 
                              US$000    US$000 
========================   =========  ======== 
Expire after four years      167,273   171,527 
=========================  =========  ======== 
                             167,273   171,527 
                           =========  ======== 
 

Other unrecognised deferred income tax assets comprise (gross amounts):

 
                                As at 31 December 
                               =================== 
                                    2021      2020 
                                  US$000    US$000 
============================   =========  ======== 
Provision for mine closure1        7,887     9,212 
=============================  =========  ======== 
 

1 This relates to provision for mine closure expenditure which is expected to be incurred in periods in which taxable profits are not expected to be available to offset the expenditure.

Unrecognised deferred tax liability on retained earnings

At 31 December 2021 and 2020, there was no recognised deferred tax liability for taxes that would be payable on the unremitted earnings of certain of the Group's subsidiaries as the intention is that these amounts are permanently reinvested.

29 Dividends

 
                                                               2021     2020 
                                                             US$000   US$000 
=========================================================   =======  ======= 
Dividends paid and proposed during the year 
Equity dividends on ordinary shares: 
Final dividend for 2020 : 2.335 US cents per share ( 
 2019: nil US cents per share)                               12,002        - 
Interim dividend for 2021 : 1.95 US cents per share 
 ( 2020: 4.000 US cents per share)                           10,020   20,556 
==========================================================  =======  ======= 
Total dividends paid in cash                                 22,022   20,556 
==========================================================  =======  ======= 
Dividends in specie paid with Aclara shares (note 4)         94,945 
==========================================================  =======  ======= 
Total dividends paid on ordinary shares                     116,967   20,556 
==========================================================  =======  ======= 
Proposed dividends on ordinary shares: 
Final dividend for 2021: 2.335 US cents per share (2020: 
 2.335 US cents per share)                                   12,000   12,002 
==========================================================  =======  ======= 
 
Dividends declared to non-controlling interests: 0.058 
 US$ per share ( 2020 : 0.002 US$ per share)                  9,832      345 
==========================================================  =======  ======= 
Total dividends declared to non-controlling interests         9,832      345 
==========================================================  =======  ======= 
 

Dividends paid in 2021 to non-controlling interests amounted to US$9,832,000 (2020: US$345,069).

In August 2021, the Board became aware of an issue concerning technical compliance with the Companies Act 2006 in relation to the 2017 final dividend, the 2018 interim and final dividends, the 2019 interim dividend, and the 2020 interim and final dividends (the "Relevant Dividends"). In particular, the Relevant Dividends were paid to shareholders when the Company did not have adequate distributable reserves.

Significant corrective transactions (namely, a capital reduction and dividend distribution by the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Hochschild Mining Holdings Limited) were implemented by the Company in September 2021, shortly after discovery of the issue. Had these internal corporate transactions been implemented prior to the payment of the 2017 final dividend, adequate distributable reserves would have been available to the Company.

As previously reported, the Board intends to put resolutions to shareholders at a General Meeting to i) complete the rectification of this past issue and ii) increase further, to the extent practicable, the level of Distributable Reserves available to the Company.

Dividends per share

The interim dividend paid in September 2021 was US$10,020,000 (1.954 US cents per share). A dividend in specie amounting to US$94,945,000 was paid in December 2021 (refer to note 4). A proposed dividend in respect of the year ending 31 December 2021 of 2.335 US cents per share, amounting to a total dividend of US$12,000,000, is subject to approval at the Annual General Meeting to be held on 26 May 2022 and is not recognised as a liability as at 31 December 2021.

30 Related-party balances and transactions

(a) Related-party accounts receivable and payable

The Group had the following related-party balances and transactions during the years ended 31 December 2021 and 2020. The related parties are companies owned or controlled by the main shareholder of the Parent company or associates.

 
                                   Accounts receivable     Accounts payable 
                                    as at 31 December      as at 31 December 
                                  =====================  ==================== 
                                        2021       2020       2021       2020 
                                      US$000     US$000     US$000     US$000 
===============================   ==========  =========  =========  ========= 
Current related party balances 
Cementos Pacasmayo S.A.A.1               217        387        152        146 
Tecsup2                                    1          1        115        120 
Universidad UTEC2                          -          -          5          - 
REE UNO SpA(3)                             6          -          -          - 
Aclara Resources Inc(3)                    -          -         12          - 
================================  ==========  =========  =========  ========= 
Total                                    224        388        284        266 
================================  ==========  =========  =========  ========= 
 

1 The account receivable relates to reimbursement of expenses paid by the Group on behalf of Cementos Pacasmayo S.A.A, an entity controlled by Eduardo Hochschild. The account payable relates to the payment of rentals.

   2   Peruvian not-for-profit educational institutions controlled by Eduardo Hochschild. 
   3                      Associated companies of the Aclara Group (refer to notes 4 and 19). 

As at 31 December 2021 and 2020, all accounts are, or were, non-interest bearing.

No security has been granted or guarantees given by the Group in respect of these related party balances.

Principal transactions between affiliates are as follows:

 
                                                                   Year ended 
                                                                ================ 
                                                                   2021     2020 
                                                                 US$000   US$000 
=============================================================   =======  ======= 
Expenses 
Expense recognised for the rental paid to Cementos Pacasmayo 
 S.A.A.                                                           (403)    (469) 
Expense donations to Tecsup                                           -    (505) 
Expense donations to Universidad UTEC                                 -    (875) 
Expense technical services from Tecsup                            (292)    (190) 
==============================================================  =======  ======= 
 

Transactions between the Group and these companies are at an arm's length basis.

(b) Compensation of key management personnel of the Group

 
                                                          Year ended 
                                                          31 December 
                                                       ================ 
Compensation of key management personnel (including       2021     2020 
 Directors)                                             US$000   US$000 
====================================================   =======  ======= 
Short-term employee benefits                             7,509    7,330 
Long Term Incentive Plans                                  776      808 
=====================================================  =======  ======= 
Total compensation paid to key management personnel      8,285    8,138 
=====================================================  =======  ======= 
 

This amount includes the remuneration paid to the Directors of the Parent Company of the Group of US$3,967,000 (2020: US$3,821,000).

( c) Related Party Transaction

   Participation of Pelham Investment Corporation in the IPO   of Aclara 

As announced by the Company on 3rd December 2021, Pelham Investment Corporation ("Pelham"), a company controlled by the Chairman, Eduardo Hochschild, entered into a subscription agreement with Aclara on 2 December 2021 pursuant to which Pelham agreed to purchase, on a prospectus exempt basis in Canada, 22,791,399 Aclara shares at a price of C$1.70 per share (the "Offering Price"). In addition, Pelham subscribed for 9,855,660 Aclara shares at the Offering Price as part of the IPO. These share acquisitions, which are in addition to the Aclara shares acquired by Pelham as part of the demerger dividend, constitute a smaller related party transaction for the purposes of the UK Listing Rules. Accordingly, as also announced, the Company obtained a written confirmation from a sponsor that the terms of the smaller related party transaction were fair and reasonable as far as the shareholders of the Company are concerned.

31 Mining royalties

Peru

In accordance with Peruvian legislation, owners of mining concessions must pay a mining royalty for the exploitation of metallic and non--metallic resources. Mining royalties have been calculated with rates ranging from 1% to 3% of the value of mineral concentrate or equivalent sold, based on quoted market prices.

In October 2011 changes came into effect for mining companies, with the following features:

a) Introduction of a Special Mining Tax ('SMT'), levied on mining companies at the stage of exploiting mineral resources. The additional tax is calculated by applying a progressive scale of rates ranging from 2% to 8.4%, of the quarterly operating profit.

b) Modification of the mining royalty calculation, which consists of applying a progressive scale of rates ranging from 1% to 12%, of the quarterly operating profit. The former royalty was calculated on the basis of monthly sales value of mineral concentrates.

The SMT and modified mining royalty are accounted for as an income tax in accordance with IAS 12 "Income Taxes".

c) For companies that have mining projects benefiting from tax stability regimes, mining royalties are calculated and recorded as they were previously, applying an additional new special charge on mining that is calculated using progressive scale rates, ranging from 4% to 13.12% of quarterly operating profit.

As at 31 December 2021, the amount payable as under the new mining royalty and the SMT amounted to US$1,341,000 (2020: US$1,544,000) and US$882,000 (2020: US$1,492,000) respectively. The new mining royalty and SMT are reported as 'Income tax payable' in the Statement of Financial Position. The amount recorded in the income statement was US$6,326,000 (2020: US$4,088,000) of new mining royalty and US$5,916,000 (2020: US$3,119,000) of SMT, both classified as income tax.

Argentina

In accordance with Argentinian legislation, Provinces (being the legal owners of the mineral resources) are entitled to collect royalties from mine operators. For San Jose, the mining royalty applicable to dore and concentrate is 3% of the pit-head value. As at 31 December 2021, the amount payable as mining royalties amounted to US$1,505,000 (2020: US$315,000). The amount recorded in the income statement as cost of sales was US$7,171,000 (2020: US$5,208,000).

32 Subsequent events

The Group entered into a definitive agreement with Amarillo Gold Corporation ("Amarillo") to acquire all of the issued and outstanding shares of Amarillo at a price of C$0.40 per share in cash (the "Cash Offer"). Pursuant to the Transaction, the Group will acquire a 100% interest in Amarillo's flagship Posse gold project ("Posse") located in Goiás State, Brazil. The shareholders of Amarillo will receive shares in a newly formed company, Lavras Gold Corp., which will hold a stake in the Lavras do Sul project, C$10 million of cash, and a 2.0% net smelter revenue royalty on certain exploration properties owned by Amarillo and located outside the current Posse resource and mine plan at Amarillo's Mara Rosa property. The net acquisition cost to Hochschild, including the Cash Offer, cash provided to Lavras Gold Corp. and Amarillo's net cash is estimated to be C$135 million (approximately US$106 million).

Profit by operation(1)

(Segment report reconciliation) as at 31 December 2021

 
                                                                               Consolidation 
                                                                                  adjustment 
Group (US$000)                              Pallancata  Inmaculada   San Jose     and others  Total/HOC 
=========================================   ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Revenue                                         99,116     452,835    258,972            464    811,387 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Cost of sales (pre consolidation)             (98,153)   (225,492)  (192,163)          5,525  (510,283) 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Consolidation adjustment                         (210)       6,135      (400)        (5,525)          - 
Cost of sales (post consolidation)            (98,363)   (219,357)  (192,563)              -  (510,283) 
  Production cost excluding depreciation      (66,859)   (134,110)  (122,449)              -  (323,418) 
  Depreciation in production 
   cost                                       (22,960)    (76,828)   (49,054)              -  (148,842) 
  Workers profit sharing                       (3,023)     (3,489)          -              -    (6,512) 
  Other items                                  (5,314)     (5,545)   (20,332)              -   (31,191) 
  Change in inventories                          (207)         615      (728)              -      (320) 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Gross profit                                       963     227,343     66,809          5,989    301,104 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Administrative expenses                              -           -          -       (51,905)   (51,905) 
Exploration expenses                                 -           -          -       (39,848)   (39,848) 
Selling expenses                                 (620)       (616)   (14,195)              -   (15,431) 
Other income/(expenses)                              -           -          -          (172)      (172) 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Operating profit before impairment                 343     226,727     52,614       (85,936)    193,748 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Impairment and write-off of 
 non-current assets                                  -           -          -       (25,709)   (25,709) 
Share of post-tax losses from 
 associate                                           -           -          -          (169)      (169) 
Finance income                                       -           -          -          3,946      3,946 
Finance costs                                        -           -          -       (32,061)   (32,061) 
Foreign exchange loss                                -           -          -        (2,424)    (2,424) 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Profit/(loss) from continuing 
 operations before 
 income tax                                        343     226,727     52,614      (142,353)    137,331 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Income tax expenses                                  -           -          -       (66,225)   (66,225) 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
Profit/(loss) for the year 
 from continuing operations                        343     226,727     52,614      (208,578)     71,106 
==========================================  ==========  ==========  =========  =============  ========= 
 
   1   On a post-exceptional basis. 

RESERVES AND RESOURCES

Ore reserves and mineral resources estimates

Hochschild Mining plc reports its mineral resources and reserves estimates in accordance with the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves 2012 edition ("the JORC Code"). This establishes minimum standards, recommendations and guidelines for the public reporting of exploration results and mineral resources and reserves estimates. In doing so it emphasises the importance of principles of transparency, materiality and confidence. The information on ore reserves and mineral resources on pages 57 to 59 were prepared by or under the supervision of Competent Persons (as defined in the JORC Code). Competent Persons are required to have sufficient relevant experience and understanding of the style of mineralisation, types of deposits and mining methods in the area of activity for which they are qualified as a Competent Person under the JORC Code. The Competent Person must sign off their respective estimates of the original mineral resource and ore reserve statements for the various operations and consent to the inclusion of that information in this report, as well as the form and context in which it appears.

Hochschild Mining plc employs its own Competent Person who has audited all the estimates set out in this report. Hochschild Mining Group companies are subject to a comprehensive programme of audits which aim to provide assurance in respect of ore reserve and mineral resource estimates. These audits are conducted by Competent Persons provided by independent consultants. The frequency and depth of an audit depends on the risks and/or uncertainties associated with that particular ore reserve and mineral resource, the overall value thereof and the time that has lapsed since the previous independent third-party audit.

The JORC Code requires the use of reasonable economic assumptions. These include long-term commodity price forecasts (which, in the Group's case, are prepared by ex-house specialists largely using estimates of future supply and demand and long-term economic outlooks).

Ore reserve estimates are dynamic and are influenced by changing economic conditions, technical issues, environmental regulations and any other relevant new information and therefore these can vary from year-to-year. Mineral resource estimates can also change and tend to be influenced mostly by new information pertaining to the understanding of the deposit and secondly the conversion to ore reserves.

The estimates of ore reserves and mineral resources are shown as at 31 December 2021, unless otherwise stated. Mineral resources that are reported include those mineral resources that have been modified to produce ore reserves. All tonnage and grade information has been rounded to reflect the relative uncertainty in the estimates; there may therefore be small differences. The prices used for the reserves calculation were: Au Price: US$1,800 per ounce and Ag Price: US$26.0 per ounce.

ATTRIBUTABLE METAL RESERVES AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021

 
                           Proved 
                     and probable       Ag      Au      Ag      Au   Ag Eq 
Reserve category              (t)    (g/t)   (g/t)   (moz)   (koz)   (moz) 
-----------------   -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
OPERATIONS (1) 
-----------------   -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
Inmaculada 
Proved                  1,637,395      168     4.1     8.9   213.8    24.3 
Probable                5,002,635      140     3.3    22.5   527.4    60.5 
------------------  -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
Total                   6,640,030      147     3.5    31.4   741.3    84.7 
------------------  -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
Pallancata 
Proved                    524,132      265     1.2     4.5    19.9     5.9 
Probable                  393,336      187     0.9     2.4    11.2     3.2 
------------------  -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
Total                     917,468      231     1.1     6.8    31.1     9.1 
------------------  -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
San Jose 
Proved                    396,524      368     5.7     4.7    72.5     9.9 
Probable                  365,792      314     5.7     3.7    66.8     8.5 
------------------  -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
Total                     762,315      342     5.7     8.4   139.4    18.4 
------------------  -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
GRAND TOTAL 
Proved                  2,558,050      219     3.7    18.0   306.3    40.1 
Probable                5,761,763      154     3.3    28.6   605.5    72.2 
------------------  -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
TOTAL                   8,319,813      174     3.4    46.6   911.8   112.2 
------------------  -------------  -------  ------  ------  ------  ------ 
 

Note: Where reserves are attributable to a joint venture partner, reserve figures reflect the Company's ownership only. Includes discounts for ore loss and dilution.

   1    Operations were audited by P&E Consulting. 

ATTRIBUTABLE METAL RESOURCES AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021(1,2)

 
                          Tonnes      Ag      Au   Ag Eq      Ag        Au        Ag Eq 
Resource category            (t)   (g/t)   (g/t)   (g/t)   (moz)     (koz)        (moz) 
------------------   -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
OPERATIONS 
------------------   -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inmaculada 
Measured               1,938,000     199    4.89     551    12.4     304.7         34.3 
Indicated              5,987,000     160    3.88     440    30.8     747.6         84.6 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Total                  7,925,000     169    4.13     467    43.2   1,052.3        118.9 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inferred              11,989,000     102    2.57     286    39.2     988.7        110.3 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Pallancata 
Measured               1,273,000     330    1.50     439    13.5      61.6         17.9 
Indicated                846,000     246    1.18     331     6.7      32.2          9.0 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Total                  2,119,000     297    1.38     396    20.2      93.7         27.0 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inferred               1,845,000     230    0.98     300    13.6      58.3         17.8 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
San Jose 
Measured                 790,500     481    7.67   1,034    12.2     195.0         26.3 
Indicated                611,490     358    6.21     805     7.0     122.0         15.8 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Total                  1,401,990     427    7.04     934    19.3     317.0         42.1 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inferred                 937,890     332    5.22     708    10.0     157.4         21.4 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
GROWTH PROJECTS 
------------------   -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Crespo 
Measured               5,211,000      47    0.47      81     7.9      78.6         13.6 
Indicated             17,298,000      38    0.40      66    21.0     222.5         37.0 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Total                 22,509,000      40    0.42      70    28.8     301.0         50.5 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inferred                 775,000      46    0.57      87     1.1      14.2          2.2 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Azuca 
Measured                 191,000     244    0.77     299     1.5       4.7          1.8 
Indicated              6,859,000     187    0.77     242    41.2     168.8         53.3 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Total                  7,050,000     188    0.77     243    42.7     173.5         55.2 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inferred               6,946,000     170    0.89     234    37.9     199.5         52.3 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Volcan 
Measured             105,918,000       -   0.738      53       -   2,513.1        180.9 
Indicated            283,763,000       -   0.698      50       -   6,368.0        458.5 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Total                389,681,000       -   0.709      51       -   8,881.1        639.4 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inferred              41,553,000       -   0.502      36       -     670.7         48.3 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Arcata 
Measured                 834,000     438    1.34     535    11.7      36.1         14.3 
Indicated              1,304,000     411    1.36     508    17.2      56.9         21.3 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Total                  2,138,000     421    1.35     519    29.0      92.9         35.6 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inferred               3,533,000     370    1.26     461    42.1     142.6         52.4 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
GRAND TOTAL 
------------------   -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Measured             116,156,500      16    0.86      77    59.3   3,193.7        289.2 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Indicated            316,668,490      12    0.76      67   123.9   7,717.9        679.6 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Total                432,824,990      13    0.78      70   183.1  10,911.6        968.8 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
Inferred              67,578,890      66    1.03     140   143.9   2,231.4        304.6 
-------------------  -----------  ------  ------  ------  ------  --------  ----------- 
 
   1   Prices used for resources calculation: Au: $1,800/oz and Ag: $26.0/oz and Ag/Au ratio of 72x. 
   2   Tables represents 100 % of the Mineral Resource. Resources are inclusive of Reserves. 

CHANGE IN ATTRIBUTABLE RESERVES AND RESOURCES

 
                                        Percentage  December  December 
                                      attributable      2020      2021 
Ag equivalent content                     December      Att.       Att 
 (million ounces)        Category             2021       (1)     . (1)  Net difference  % change 
----------------------   ---------   -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
Inmaculada                Resource             100%     195.8     229.3            33.5     17.1% 
  Reserve                                               79.3      84.7             5.4      6.9% 
  ----------                         -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
Pallancata                Resource             100%      47.8      44.8           (3.0)    (6.3%) 
  Reserve                                                7.1       9.1             2.0     27.8% 
  ----------                         -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
San Jose                  Resource              51%      65.2      63.4           (1.8)    (2.7%) 
  Reserve                                               14.2      18.4             4.2     29.5% 
  ----------                         -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
Crespo                    Resource             100%      52.7      52.7               -         - 
                         Reserve                           -         -               -         - 
----------------------   ---------   -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
Azuca                     Resource             100%     107.5     107.5               -         - 
                         Reserve                           -         -               -         - 
----------------------   ---------   -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
Volcan                    Resource             100%     687.7     687.7               -         - 
                         Reserve                           -         -               -         - 
----------------------   ---------   -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
Arcata                    Resource             100%      88.0      88.0               -         - 
                         Reserve                           -         -               -         - 
----------------------   ---------   -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
Total                     Resource                    1,244.7   1,273.4            28.7      2.3% 
  Reserve                                              100.6     112.2            11.6     11.5% 
  ----------  ---------------------  -------------  --------  --------  --------------  -------- 
 

1 Attributable reserves and resources based on the Group's percentage ownership of its joint venture projects.

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

Company website

Hochschild Mining plc Interim and Annual Reports and results announcements are available via the internet on our website at www.hochschildmining.com. Shareholders can also access the latest information about the Company and press announcements as they are released, together with details of future events and how to obtain further information.

Registrars

The Registrars can be contacted as follows for information about the AGM, shareholdings, and dividends and to report changes in personal details:

BY POST

Link Asset Services, The Registry, 34 Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent BR3 4TU.

BY TELEPHONE

If calling from the UK: 0371 664 0300 (calls cost 12p per minute plus your phone company's access charge. Lines are open 9.00am-5.30pm Mon to Fri excluding public holidays in England and Wales).

If calling from overseas: +44 371 664 0300 (Calls charged at the applicable international rate).

Currency option and dividend mandate

Shareholders wishing to receive their dividend in US dollars should contact the Company's registrars to request a currency election form. This form should be completed and returned to the registrars by 13 May 2022 in respect of the 2021 final dividend.

The Company's registrars can also arrange for the dividend to be paid directly into a shareholder's UK bank account. To take advantage of this facility in respect of the 2021 final dividend, a dividend mandate form, also available from the Company's registrars, should be completed and returned to the registrars by 13 May 2022. This arrangement is only available in respect of dividends paid in UK pounds sterling. Shareholders who have already completed one or both of these forms need take no further action.

Financial Calendar

 
 Dividend dates                                     2022 
 Ex-dividend date                                  5 May 
 Record date                                       6 May 
 Deadline for return of currency election forms   13 May 
 Payment date                                     7 June 
-----------------------------------------------  ------- 
 

17 Cavendish Square

London

W1G 0PH

United Kingdom

[1] Revenue presented in the financial statements is disclosed as net revenue and is calculated as gross revenue less commercial discounts plus services revenue

(2) Please see the Financial Review page 16 for a definition of Adjusted EBITDA

[3] 2020 figure includes the interim dividend of $20.6 million, a portion of which relates to the 2019 final dividend of $12.0 differne million which was withdrawn due to Covid-19

[4] 2021 and 2020 equivalent figures calculated using the previous Company gold/silver ratio of 86x. All 2022 forecasts assume the average 2021 gold/silver ratio of 72x.

4 All-in sustaining cost per (AISC) silver equivalent ounce: Calculated before exceptional items and includes production cost excluding depreciation, other items and workers profit sharing in cost of sales, administrative expenses (excl depreciation), brownfield exploration, operating and exploration capex and royalties and special mining tax (presented with income tax) divided by silver or gold equivalent ounces produced, plus commercial deductions and selling expenses divided by silver or gold equivalent ounces sold using a gold/silver ratio of 86:1.

[6] Calculated as total number of accidents per million labour hours

([7]) Calculated as total number of days lost per million labour hours.

[8] The ECO Score is an internally designed Key Performance Indicator measuring environmental performance in one number and encompassing numerous fronts including management of waste water, outcome of regulatory inspections and sound environmental practices relating to water consumption and the recycling of materials.

[9] Equivalent resource figures calculated using the gold/silver ratio of 72x.

1 Based on limited drilling at depth

[11] Includes revenue from services

[12] Unit cost per tonne is calculated by dividing mine and treatment production costs (excluding depreciation) by extracted and treated tonnage respectively

[13] Cash costs are calculated to include cost of sales, commercial discounts and selling expenses items less depreciation included in cost of sales

([14]) Does not include Fixed costs during operational stoppages and reduced capacity of $8.7 million

[15] Includes commercial discounts (from the sales of concentrate) and commercial discounts from the sale of dore

([16]) Does not include Fixed costs during operational stoppages and reduced capacity of $46.5 million

[17] Includes commercial discounts (from the sales of concentrate) and commercial discounts from the sale of dore

   [18]   Calculated using a gold /silver ratio of 86:1 in line with 2020. 

[19] Operating capex from San Jose does not include capitalised DD&A resulting from mine equipment utilised for mine developments

[20] Administrative expenses does not include expenses from Aclara Resources Inc ($236,000)

[21] Royalties arising from revised royalty tax schemes introduced in 2011 and included in income tax line

[22] Operating capex from San Jose does not include capitalised DD&A resulting from mine equipment utilised for mine developments

[23] Royalties arising from revised royalty tax schemes introduced in 2011 and included in income tax line

[24] Adjusted EBITDA has been presented before the effect of significant non-cash (income)/expenses related to changes in mine closure provisions which were $22.1 million in 2021 and $16.1 million in 2020, and the write-off of property, plant and equipment

[25] Covid-19 response initiatives are distributed between cost of sales and other expenses. Cost of sales mainly includes the expenses related to the operating mine units (Inmaculada, Pallancata, San Jose) of $22.5 million. Other expenses includes corporate expenses and expenses from non-operating units of $1.5 million.

[26] Includes pre-shipment loans and short term interest payables

[27] Includes additions in property, plant and equipment and evaluation and exploration assets (confirmation of resources) and excludes increases in the expected closure costs of mine asset

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