Quarterly Report (10-q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549

___________________________

FORM 10-Q

___________________________

(MARK ONE)



x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended April 30, 2019



¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 1-14977

___________________________

Sanderson Farms, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

___________________________



Mississippi	64-0615843
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

127 Flynt Road, Laurel, Mississippi	39443
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(601) 649-4030

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	SAFM	NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	x	Accelerated filer	¨

Non-accelerated filer	¨	Smaller reporting company	¨

		Emerging growth company	¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS

DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes ¨ No ¨

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. Common Stock, $1 Par Value Per Share: 22,154,245 shares outstanding as of May 28, 2019 .

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SANDERSON FARMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed consolidated balance sheets—April 30, 2019 and October 31, 2018	3
	Condensed consolidated statements of operations—Three and six months ended April 30, 2019 and 2018	4
	Condensed consolidated statements of stockholders' equity—Three and six months ended April 30, 2019 and 2018	5
	Condensed consolidated statements of cash flows—Six months ended April 30, 2019 and 2018	6
	Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements—April 30, 2019	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	16
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	25
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	26
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		26
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	26
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	29
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	29
Item 6.	Exhibits	31
INDEX TO EXHIBITS		32
SIGNATURES		33

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1.	Financial Statements

SANDERSON FARMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except number of shares)



	April 30, 2019			October 31, 2018
	(Unaudited)			(Note 1)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	96,938		$	121,193
Accounts receivable, net	126,889			121,932
Receivable from insurance companies	5,983			7,094
Inventories	285,473			240,056
Refundable income taxes	5,611			32,974
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	52,250			43,240
Total current assets	573,144			566,489
Property, plant and equipment	2,091,324			1,961,497
Less accumulated depreciation	(923,947		)	(873,909		)
	1,167,377			1,087,588
Other assets	7,211			5,363
Total assets	$	1,747,732		$	1,659,440
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	98,451		$	128,936
Dividends payable	7,089			—
Accrued expenses	61,932			69,953
Total current liabilities	167,472			198,889
Long-term debt	100,000			—
Claims payable and other liabilities	10,056			9,865
Deferred income taxes	69,492			62,793
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock:
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, $100 par value: authorized 500,000 shares, none issued
Par value to be determined by the Board of Directors: authorized 4,500,000 shares; none issued
Common Stock, $1 par value: authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding shares—22,154,245 and 22,099,780 at April 30, 2019 and October 31, 2018, respectively	22,154			22,100
Paid-in capital	85,409			81,269
Retained earnings	1,293,149			1,284,524
Total stockholders’ equity	1,400,712			1,387,893
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,747,732		$	1,659,440

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

SANDERSON FARMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share amounts)



	Three Months Ended April 30,						Six Months Ended April 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net sales	$	845,229		$	813,474		$	1,588,617		$	1,585,422
Cost and expenses:
Cost of sales	740,833			703,410			1,449,233			1,405,511
Selling, general and administrative	49,230			55,037			107,765			107,612
	790,063			758,447			1,556,998			1,513,123
Operating income	55,166			55,027			31,619			72,299
Other income (expense):
Interest income	—			905			—			1,324
Interest expense	(1,173		)	(506		)	(1,682		)	(1,029		)
Other	2			4			2			6
	(1,171		)	403			(1,680		)	301
Income before income taxes	53,995			55,430			29,939			72,600
Income tax expense (benefit)	13,359			13,482			7,136			(20,554		)
Net income	$	40,636		$	41,948		$	22,803		$	93,154
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	1.83		$	1.84		$	1.03		$	4.08
Diluted	$	1.83		$	1.84		$	1.03		$	4.08
Dividends per share	$	0.32		$	0.32		$	0.64		$	0.64

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

SANDERSON FARMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except shares and per share amounts)



Fiscal Year 2018	Common Stock			Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Total Stockholders’ Equity
Fiscal Year 2018	Shares	Amount		Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at October 31, 2017	22,802,690	$	22,803	$	134,999		$	1,275,060		$	1,432,862
Net income - First Quarter 2018	—	—		—			51,206			51,206
Cash dividends ($0.32 per share)	—	—		—			(7,305		)	(7,305		)
Stock compensation plan transactions	26,208	26		(4,188		)	—			(4,162		)
Amortization of unearned compensation	—	—		5,730			—			5,730
Balance at January 31, 2018	22,828,898	$	22,829	$	136,541		$	1,318,961		$	1,478,331
Net income - Second Quarter 2018	—	—		—			41,948			41,948
Cash dividends ($0.32 per share)	—	—		—			(7,308		)	(7,308		)
Stock compensation plan transactions	7,509	7		1,042			—			1,049
Amortization of unearned compensation	—	—		3,934			—			3,934
Balance at April 30, 2018	22,836,407	$	22,836	$	141,517		$	1,353,601		$	1,517,954



Fiscal Year 2019	Common Stock			Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Total Stockholders’ Equity
Fiscal Year 2019	Shares	Amount		Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at October 31, 2018	22,099,780	$	22,100	$	81,269		$	1,284,524		$	1,387,893
Net loss - First Quarter 2019	—	—		—			(17,833		)	(17,833		)
Cash dividends ($0.32 per share)	—	—		—			(7,089		)	(7,089		)
Stock compensation plan transactions	53,688	53		(2,126		)	—			(2,073		)
Amortization of unearned compensation	—	—		2,313			—			2,313
Balance at January 31, 2019	22,153,468	$	22,153	$	81,456		$	1,259,602		$	1,363,211
Net income - Second Quarter 2019	—	—		—			40,636			40,636
Cash dividends ($0.32 per share)	—	—		—			(7,089		)	(7,089		)
Stock compensation plan transactions	777	1		1,628			—			1,629
Amortization of unearned compensation	—	—		2,325			—			2,325
Balance at April 30, 2019	22,154,245	$	22,154	$	85,409		$	1,293,149		$	1,400,712

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

SANDERSON FARMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

(In thousands)



	Six Months Ended April 30,
	2019			2018
Operating activities
Net income	$	22,803		$	93,154
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	62,379			53,859
Amortization of share-based compensation	5,907			10,623
Live inventory adjustment	(9,600		)	—
Provision for losses (recoveries) on accounts receivable	(1,500		)	—
Deferred income taxes	6,699			(25,765		)
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable - trade	(3,457		)	(6,732		)
Accounts receivable - insurance	1,111			—
Income taxes	27,363			(33,779		)
Inventories	(35,817		)	(14,981		)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(9,160		)	1,161
Accounts payable	(10,738		)	6,970
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(6,193		)	(38,485		)
Total adjustments	26,994			(47,129		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	49,797			46,025
Investing activities
Capital expenditures	(162,268		)	(126,928		)
Net proceeds from sale of property and equipment	880			892
Net cash used in investing activities	(161,388		)	(126,036		)
Financing activities
Payment of debt issuance costs	(2,225		)	—
Borrowings from revolving line of credit	100,000			—
Proceeds from issuance of restricted stock under stock compensation plans	479			894
Payments from issuance of common stock under stock compensation plans	(3,829		)	(5,603		)
Dividends paid	(7,089		)	(7,305		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	87,336			(12,014		)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(24,255		)	(92,025		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	121,193			419,285
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	96,938		$	327,260
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Capital expenditures included in accounts payable	$	5,174		$	17,304
Dividends payable	$	7,089		$	7,307

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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SANDERSON FARMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

April 30, 2019

NOTE 1—ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending October 31, 2019 .

The condensed consolidated balance sheet at October 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, reference is made to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 .

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-09, Scope of Modification Accounting, which amends the requirements related to accounting for changes to stock compensation awards. The guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017, our fiscal 2019. The Company adopted this guidance during the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and it did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements. The impact this guidance will have on our future consolidated financial statements will depend on the nature and extent of future changes, if any, to the terms and conditions of the Company's Stock Incentive Plan.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which changes the criteria for recognizing revenue. ASU 2014-09 was amended by ASU 2015-14 to defer the effective date by one year. The guidance also modifies the related disclosure requirements, clarifies guidance for multiple-element arrangements and provides guidance for transactions that were not addressed fully in previous guidance. The guidance, as amended, is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2017, our fiscal 2019. The Company adopted this guidance using the modified retrospective transition method during the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Under the modified retrospective method, prior periods were not adjusted. Additionally, based on our contract assessments, no cumulative-effect adjustment was made to the opening balance of retained earnings. For further information regarding the Company's revenue, refer to Part I, Item 1, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2 - Revenue.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Improvements to Non-employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which expands the scope of Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, to include all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor's own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018, our fiscal 2020. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect adoption to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, which intends to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019, our fiscal 2021. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect adoption to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

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and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2018, our fiscal 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 2—REVENUE

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in connection with a contract in which the Company has agreed to sell, and a customer has agreed to purchase, specific quantities of product at agreed-upon prices and when the Company's performance obligation related to that contract has been satisfied. In the majority of its contracts with customers, the Company's performance obligation is satisfied when delivery of the product has occurred, either at the customer's facility or the Company's facility, depending on the terms of each contract. In a small number of contracts, ownership of the product passes from the Company to the customer at some point during transit, at which time the performance obligation is satisfied and revenue is recognized. Revenue and related receivables are recognized based on the transaction price within the contract and are reduced by estimated or known amounts for items such as rebates, discounts, cooperative advertising allowances and other various items.

The cost incurred for shipping and handling activities to deliver the product to the customer is recognized in cost of sales during the period in which the corresponding revenue is recognized. Where shipping and handling activities occur after the customer has obtained control of the product, the Company has elected to account for those expenses as fulfillment costs in cost of sales, rather than an additional promised service. This accounting treatment is the same as the accounting treatment prior to the Company's adoption of ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company has, prior to the adoption of ASU 2014-09, accounted for freight one of two ways. First, when the Company's agreement with its customer did not authorize the Company to invoice the customer separately for freight, the Company attempted to negotiate a higher price, and paid freight costs associated with the sale. In these instances, that cost was booked as an expense in cost of sales. In some instances, the Company's agreements with its customers authorize the Company to invoice the customer for freight costs separately on its invoice to the customer. Under these arrangements, the Company has previously accounted for freight by recognizing revenue net of the freight costs. Subsequent to the adoption of ASU 2014-09, both arrangements will be accounted for in the same manner. That is, in both instances, revenue will be reported gross of any freight charge, and all freight costs will be accounted for as cost of sales. Because we adopted ASU 2014-09 using the modified-retrospective transition method, we did not restate prior-period financial statements, and the separately-invoiced freight costs from periods prior to fiscal 2019 remain presented as a reduction to cost of sales. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we recognized revenue of approximately $6.7 million related to those freight charges, as compared to approximately $4.6 million recognized as a reduction to cost of sales during the second quarter of fiscal 2018. During the first six months of fiscal 2019, we recognized revenue of approximately $13.3 million related to those freight charges, as compared to approximately $8.5 million recognized as a reduction to cost of sales during the first six months of fiscal 2018.

Due to the nature of our contracts, commissions associated with such contracts provide only a short-term benefit (i.e. less than one year); therefore, with our adoption of ASU 2014-09, we recognize costs of commissions paid to third-party brokers as selling, general and administrative expenses effective as of November 1, 2018. Prior to our adoption of ASU 2014-09, those commissions were recognized as a reduction of revenue. Because we transitioned using the modified-retrospective method, we did not restate prior-period financial statements, and those commissions from periods prior to fiscal 2019 remain presented as a reduction to revenue. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we recognized approximately $2.6 million in commissions as selling, general and administrative expenses, as compared to approximately $2.8 million recognized as a reduction to revenue during the second quarter of fiscal 2018. During the first six months of fiscal 2019, we recognized approximately $5.3 million in commissions as selling, general and administrative expenses, as compared to approximately $5.2 million recognized as a reduction to revenue during the first six months of fiscal 2018.

Disaggregation of Revenue

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The following table disaggregates our net sales by product category (in millions):



Product Category	Three Months Ended April 30, 2019		Six Months Ended April 30, 2019
Fresh, chill-packed chicken	$	269.3	$	537.8
Fresh, vacuum-sealed chicken	330.8		590.8
Fresh, ice-packed chicken	132.4		232.4
Minimally prepared chicken	62.0		119.4
Frozen chicken	44.1		92.7
Other	6.6		15.5
Total net sales	$	845.2	$	1,588.6

NOTE 3—INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):



Inventory type	April 30, 2019		October 31, 2018
Live poultry-broilers and breeders	$	186,586	$	150,980
Feed, eggs and other	40,390		37,965
Processed poultry	33,327		30,973
Prepared chicken	17,572		13,591
Packaging materials	7,598		6,547
Total Inventories	$	285,473	$	240,056

NOTE 4—STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS

Refer to Note 8 and Note 9 of the Company’s October 31, 2018 audited financial statements in the Company's 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on our employee benefit plans and stock based compensation plans, respectively. Total stock based compensation expense during the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 was $3.0 million and $5.9 million , respectively, as compared to total stock based compensation expense of $4.4 million and $10.6 million , respectively, for the three and six months ended April 30, 2018 .

During the six months ended April 30, 2019 , participants in the Company’s Management Share Purchase Plan ("MSPP") elected to receive a total of 4,126 shares of restricted stock at an average price of $116.13 per share instead of a specified percentage of their cash compensation, and the Company issued 984 matching restricted shares. During the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 , the Company recorded compensation expense for the MSPP shares, included in the total stock based compensation expense above, of $105,000 and $196,000 , respectively, as compared to $103,000 and $165,000 , respectively, during the three and six months ended April 30, 2018 .

During fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company entered into performance share agreements that grant certain officers and key employees the right to receive shares of the Company's common stock, subject to the Company's achievement of certain performance measures. The performance share agreements specify a target number of shares that a participant can receive based upon the Company's average return on equity and average return on sales, as defined, during a two -year performance period beginning November 1 of each performance period. Although the performance share agreements have a two -year performance period, there is an additional one -year period during which the participant must remain employed by the Company before the shares are paid out. If the Company's average return on equity and average return on sales exceed certain threshold amounts for the performance period, participants will receive 50 percent to 200 percent of the target number of shares, depending upon the Company's level of performance. Accruals for performance shares begin during the period management determines that achievement of the applicable performance based criteria is probable at some level. In estimating the probability of the number of shares that will be awarded, the Company considers, among other factors, current and projected grain costs and chicken volumes and pricing, as well as the amount of the Company's commitments to procure grain at a fixed price throughout the performance period. Due to the high level of volatility of these commodity prices and the impact that the change in pricing can have on the Company's results, the Company's assessment of probability can change from period to

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period and can result in a significant revision to the amounts accrued related to the arrangements, as the accruals are adjusted using the cumulative catch-up method of accounting.

The target number of shares specified in the performance share agreements executed on November 1, 2018 totaled 74,650 . As of April 30, 2019 , the Company could not determine that achievement of the applicable performance based criteria is probable due to the uncertainties discussed above, and therefore recorded no compensation expense related to those agreements.

The Company also has performance share agreements in place with certain officers and key employees that were entered into on November 1, 2017. The target number of shares specified in the agreements executed on November 1, 2017 totaled 53,850 . As of April 30, 2019, the Company could not determine that achievement of the applicable performance based criteria is probable due to the uncertainties discussed above, and therefore recorded no compensation expense related to those agreements.

The Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors has determined that the performance share agreements entered into on November 1, 2016 have been earned at a level between the threshold and target levels for the return on equity performance criterion and between the target and maximum levels for the return on sales criterion, subject to the satisfaction of the additional one -year service period ending on October 31, 2019. Accordingly, the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 include compensation expense of $0.7 million and $1.3 million , respectively, related to those agreements, as compared to compensation expense of $1.5 million and $4.8 million , respectively, during the three and six months ended April 30, 2018 . Because management's initial determination of probability was made during the three months ended January 31, 2018, and because the accrual is made using the cumulative catch-up method, the compensation expense recorded during the first half of fiscal 2018 related to the agreements entered into on November 1, 2016 was greater than that recorded during the first half of fiscal 2019. As of April 30, 2019 , the aggregate number of shares estimated to be awarded related to the performance share agreements entered into on November 1, 2016 totaled 85,159 shares. Since the performance period for those agreements has ended, the actual number of shares that will be awarded can change only due to potential forfeitures during the remaining six months of the service period ending October 31, 2019. The Company will recognize the remaining $1.3 million of unearned compensation related to these shares over the remaining service period.

Had the Company determined that it was probable that the maximum amount of those outstanding awards from the agreements entered into on November 1, 2017 and November 1, 2018 would be earned, an additional $7.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively, would have been accrued as of April 30, 2019 .

The Company's compensation cost related to performance share agreements is summarized as follows (in thousands, except number of shares):



		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
Date of Performance Share Agreement	Number of shares issued (actual (a) or estimated (e))	April 30, 2019		April 30, 2018		April 30, 2019		April 30, 2018
November 1, 2015	145,197 (a)	$	—	$	828	$	—	$	1,674
November 1, 2016	85,159 (e)	650		1,519		1,263		4,845
November 1, 2017 (1)	—	—		—		—		—
November 1, 2018 (1)	—	—		—		—		—
Total compensation cost		$	650	$	2,347	$	1,263	$	6,519

Note (1) - As of April 30, 2019, the Company could not determine that achievement of the applicable performance-based criteria is probable for the agreements entered into on November 1, 2017 and 2018 due to the uncertainties discussed above, and therefore recorded no compensation expense related to those agreements.

On November 1, 2018, the Company granted 74,650 shares of restricted stock to certain officers and key management employees. The restricted stock had a grant date fair value of $102.18 per share and will vest on November 1, 2022 . On February 14, 2019 the Company granted an aggregate of 13,684 shares of restricted stock to all of its non-employee directors. The restricted stock had a grant date fair value of $120.61 per share and vests one , two or three years from the date of grant. The Company also has unvested restricted stock grants outstanding that were granted during prior fiscal years to its officers, key employees and outside directors. The aggregate number of shares outstanding at April 30, 2019 related to all unvested restricted stock grants totaled 286,795 . During the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 , the Company recorded compensation expense, included in the total stock based compensation expense above, of $2.2 million and $4.4 million ,

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respectively, related to restricted stock grants, as compared to $1.9 million and $3.9 million , respectively, during the three and six months ended April 30, 2018 . The Company had $16.7 million in unrecognized share-based compensation costs as of April 30, 2019 , which will be recognized over a weighted average remaining vesting period of approximately 2 years .

NOTE 5—EARNINGS PER SHARE

Certain share-based payment awards described in Note 4 - Stock Compensation Plans above entitling holders to receive non-forfeitable dividends before vesting are considered participating securities and thus are included in the calculation of basic earnings per share, to the extent they are dilutive. These awards are included in the calculation of basic earnings per share under the two-class method. The two-class method allocates earnings for the period between common shareholders and other security holders. The participating awards receiving dividends are allocated the same amount of income as if they were vested shares.

The following table presents earnings per share.



	Three Months Ended
	April 30, 2019			April 30, 2018
	(in thousands except per share amounts)
Net income	$	40,636		$	41,948
Distributed and undistributed (earnings) to unvested restricted stock	(597		)	(598		)
Distributed and undistributed earnings to common shareholders—Basic	$	40,039		$	41,350
Weighted average shares outstanding—Basic	21,830			22,511
Weighted average shares outstanding—Diluted	21,830			22,511
Earnings per common share—Basic	$	1.83		$	1.84
Earnings per common share—Diluted	$	1.83		$	1.84


	Six Months Ended
	April 30, 2019			April 30, 2018
	(in thousands except per share amounts)
Net income	$	22,803		$	93,154
Distributed and undistributed (earnings) to unvested restricted stock	(340		)	(1,329		)
Distributed and undistributed earnings to common shareholders—Basic	$	22,463		$	91,825
Weighted average shares outstanding—Basic	21,822			22,506
Weighted average shares outstanding—Diluted	21,822			22,506
Earnings per common share—Basic	$	1.03		$	4.08
Earnings per common share—Diluted	$	1.03		$	4.08

NOTE 6—FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company holds certain items that are required to be disclosed at fair value, primarily debt instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A three-level hierarchy is followed for disclosure to show the extent and level of judgment used to estimate fair value measurements:

Level 1 – Inputs used to measure fair value are unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for the identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date.

Level 2 – Inputs used to measure fair value, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date through correlation with market data, including quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and quoted prices in markets that are not active. Level 2 also includes assets and liabilities that are valued using models or other pricing methodologies that do not require significant judgment since the input assumptions used

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in the models, such as interest rates and volatility factors, are corroborated by readily observable data from actively quoted markets for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3 – Inputs used to measure fair value are unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and reflect the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize management’s estimates of market participant assumptions.

Fair values for debt are based on quoted market prices or published forward interest rate curves, and were categorized as Level 2 measurements. The fair value and carrying value of the Company's borrowings under its long-term debt were as follows:



	April 30, 2019				October 31, 2018
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Total Debt (in millions)	$	96.6	$	100.0	$	—	$	—

NOTE 7—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation

Between September 2, 2016 and October 13, 2016, Sanderson Farms, Inc. and our subsidiaries were named as defendants, along with 13 other poultry producers and certain of their affiliated companies, in multiple putative class action lawsuits filed by direct and indirect purchasers of broiler chickens in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. The complaints allege that the defendants conspired to unlawfully fix, raise, maintain, and stabilize the price of broiler chickens, thereby violating federal and certain states’ antitrust laws, and also allege certain related state-law claims. The complaints also allege that the defendants fraudulently concealed the alleged anticompetitive conduct in furtherance of the conspiracy. The complaints seek damages, including treble damages for the antitrust claims, injunctive relief, costs, and attorneys’ fees. As detailed below, the Court has consolidated all of the direct purchaser complaints into one case, and the indirect purchaser complaints into two cases, one on behalf of commercial and institutional indirect purchaser plaintiffs and one on behalf of end-user consumer plaintiffs.

On October 28, 2016, the direct and indirect purchaser plaintiffs filed consolidated, amended complaints, and on November 23, 2016, the direct and indirect purchaser plaintiffs filed second amended complaints. On December 16, 2016, the indirect purchaser plaintiffs separated into two cases. On that date, the commercial and institutional indirect purchaser plaintiffs filed a third amended complaint, and the end-user consumer plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. On January 27, 2017, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the amended complaints in all of the cases, and on November 20, 2017, the motions to dismiss were denied. On February 7, 2018, the direct purchaser plaintiffs filed their third amended complaint, adding three additional poultry producers as defendants. On February 12, 2018, the end-user consumer plaintiffs filed their second amended complaint, in which they also added three additional poultry producers as defendants, along with Agri Stats. On February 20, 2018, the commercial and institutional indirect purchaser plaintiffs filed their fourth amended complaint, adding three additional poultry producers as defendants. On November 13, 2018, the commercial and institutional indirect purchaser plaintiffs filed their fifth amended complaint. On November 28, 2018, the end-user consumer plaintiffs filed their third amended complaint. On January 15, 2019, the direct purchaser plaintiffs filed their fourth amended complaint, and the commercial and institutional indirect purchaser plaintiffs filed their sixth amended complaint. Both the direct purchaser plaintiffs and the commercial and institutional indirect purchaser plaintiffs added two new poultry producers as defendants, as well as Agri Stats. On April 29, 2019, the end-user consumer plaintiffs filed their fourth amended complaint. The parties are currently engaged in discovery.

Between December 8, 2017 and April 25, 2019, additional purported direct-purchaser entities individually brought twenty-five separate suits against nineteen poultry producers, including Sanderson Farms, and Agri Stats in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois and the United States District Court for the District of Kansas. These suits allege substantially similar claims to the direct purchaser class complaint described above. Those filed in the Northern District of Illinois are now pending in front of the same judge as the putative class action lawsuits. On June 26, 2018, the defendants filed a motion to transfer the case filed in the District of Kansas to the Northern District of Illinois, and that motion was granted on September 13, 2018. The parties are currently engaged in discovery. It is possible additional individual actions may be filed. Separately, the Company has become aware that certain plaintiffs’ counsel in In re Broiler Chicken Antitrust Litigation received from the United States Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, a subpoena that includes a request to produce all discovery in the case to a grand jury. We intend to continue to defend the lawsuits vigorously; however, the Company cannot predict the outcome of these actions. If the plaintiffs were to prevail, the Company could be liable for damages, which could have a material, adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.

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Sanderson Farms, Inc.; Joe F. Sanderson, Jr., the Chairman of the Registrant’s Board of Directors and its Chief Executive Officer; and D. Michael Cockrell, director and Chief Financial Officer, were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit filed on October 28, 2016, in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On March 30, 2017, the lead plaintiff filed an amended complaint adding Lampkin Butts, director, Chief Operating Officer, and President, as a defendant, and on June 15, 2017, the lead plaintiff filed a second amended complaint. The complaint alleges that the defendants made statements in the Company’s SEC filings and press releases, and other public statements, that were materially false and misleading in light of the Company’s alleged, undisclosed violation of the federal antitrust laws described above. The complaint also alleges that the material misstatements were made in order to, among other things, “artificially inflate and maintain the market price of Sanderson Farms securities.” The complaint alleges the defendants thereby violated the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, and, for the individual defendants, Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, and seeks damages, interest, costs and attorneys’ fees. On January 19, 2018, the Court granted the defendants’ motion to dismiss and entered judgment for the defendants. On January 31, 2018, the plaintiff filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. That appeal is now fully briefed, and the Court of Appeals heard oral argument on August 31, 2018. The Company is awaiting a ruling on the appeal. If the plaintiffs were to prevail in the action, the Company could be liable for damages, which could have a material, adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.

On January 30, 2017, the Company received a letter from a putative shareholder demanding that the Company take action against current and/or former officers and directors of the Company for alleged breach of their fiduciary duties. The shareholder asserted that the officers and directors (i) failed to take any action to stop the alleged antitrust conspiracy described above, despite their alleged knowledge of the conspiracy, and (ii) made and/or caused the Company to make materially false and misleading statements by failing to disclose the alleged conspiracy. The shareholder also asserted that certain directors engaged in “insider sales” from which they improperly benefited. The shareholder also demanded that the Company adopt unspecified corporate governance improvements. On February 9, 2017, pursuant to statutory procedures available in connection with demands of this type, the Company’s board of directors appointed a special committee of qualified directors to determine, after conducting a reasonable inquiry, whether it is in the Company’s best interests to pursue any of the actions asserted in the shareholder’s letter. On April 26, 2017, the special committee reported to the Company’s board of directors its determination that it is not in the Company’s best interests to take any of the demanded actions at this time, and that no governance improvements related to the subject matter of the demand are needed at this time. On May 5, 2017, the special committee’s counsel informed the shareholder’s counsel of the committee’s determination. As of the date of filing of this report, and to the Company’s knowledge, no legal proceedings related to the shareholder’s demand have been filed.

On January 27, 2017, Sanderson Farms, Inc. and our subsidiaries were named as defendants, along with four other poultry producers and certain of their affiliated companies, in a putative class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma. On March 27, 2017, Sanderson Farms, Inc. and our subsidiaries were named as defendants, along with four other poultry producers and certain of their affiliated companies, in a second putative class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma. The Court ordered the suits consolidated into one proceeding, and on July 10, 2017, the plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint. The consolidated amended complaint alleges that the defendants unlawfully conspired by sharing data on compensation paid to broiler farmers, with the purpose and effect of suppressing the farmers’ compensation below competitive levels. The consolidated amended complaint also alleges that the defendants unlawfully conspired to not solicit or hire the broiler farmers who were providing services to other defendants. The consolidated amended complaint seeks treble damages, costs and attorneys’ fees. On September 8, 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint, on October 23, 2017, the plaintiffs filed their response, and on November 22, 2017, the defendants filed a reply. On January 19, 2018, the Court granted the Sanderson Farms defendants’ motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction. The motion to dismiss the complaint filed in the Eastern District of Oklahoma on its merits is pending as to the remaining defendants. On February 21, 2018, the plaintiffs filed a substantially similar lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina against Sanderson Farms and our subsidiaries and another poultry producer. The plaintiffs subsequently moved to consolidate this action with the Eastern District of Oklahoma action in the Eastern District of Oklahoma for pre-trial proceedings, with the defendants in support thereof. That motion was denied. On July 13, 2018, the defendants moved to dismiss the lawsuit in the Eastern District of North Carolina. On January 15, 2019, the Court granted in part the defendants’ motion to dismiss and stayed the action in the Eastern District of North Carolina pending resolution of the action in the Eastern District of Oklahoma. We intend to defend this case vigorously; however, the Company cannot predict the outcome of this action. If the plaintiffs were to prevail, the Company could be liable for damages, which could have a material, adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.

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On February 21, 2017, Sanderson Farms, Inc. received an antitrust civil investigative demand from the Office of the Attorney General, Department of Legal Affairs, of the State of Florida. Among other things, the demand seeks information related to the Georgia Dock Index and other information on poultry and poultry products published by the Georgia Department of Agriculture and its Poultry Market News division. The Company is cooperating fully with the investigative demand, and we have responded to all requests received to date; however, we are unable to predict its outcome at this time.

On June 22, 2017, the Company was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint, which was brought by three non-profit organizations (the Organic Consumers Association, Friends of the Earth, and Center for Food Safety) alleged that the Company is violating the California Unfair Competition Law and the California False Advertising Law by representing that its poultry products are “100% Natural” products raised with “100% Natural” farming procedures. Among other things, the plaintiffs alleged that the Company’s products contain residues of human and animal antibiotics, other pharmaceuticals, hormones, steroids, and pesticides. Plaintiffs seek an order enjoining the Company from continuing its allegedly unlawful marketing program and requiring the Company to conduct a corrective advertising campaign; an accounting of the Company’s profits derived from the allegedly unlawful marketing practices; and attorneys’ fees, costs and interest. On August 2, 2017, the Company moved to dismiss the lawsuit on various grounds. On August 23, 2017, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, which includes substantially similar allegations as the original complaint, and the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on September 13, 2017. On February 9, 2018, the Court denied the Company’s motion to dismiss. On February 13, 2018, the Company filed a motion for sanctions under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 11 on the basis that Plaintiffs and their counsel knowingly included false or inaccurate statements and unsupported allegations in their complaints and other filings. The Court denied that motion on April 2, 2018. An initial scheduling conference was held on March 1, 2018, and discovery started thereafter. On June 25, 2018, the plaintiffs amended their complaint for a second time, including to remove allegations that USDA had found the Company’s chicken samples to contain residues of antibiotics or other substances. On July 9, 2018, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the second amended complaint. On July 18, 2018, during the pendency of that motion, the parties stipulated to the voluntary dismissal of one of the plaintiff organizations (the Organic Consumers Association). The other two plaintiffs continue to prosecute their claims. On September 11, 2018, the Court granted the motion to dismiss the second amended complaint with leave to amend the complaint, and on October 2, 2018, the plaintiffs filed a third amended complaint. The third amended complaint alleges that the Company misleads consumers with regard to (1) the presence of unnatural residues in its chicken products; (2) the fact that it uses antibiotics in raising its chickens; (3) the conditions in which it raises its chickens; and (4) the risks of human antibiotic resistance caused by the Company’s use of antibiotics. On October 16, 2018, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the third amended complaint, and on December 3, 2018, the Court denied that motion. Fact discovery concluded on March 18, 2019, and the parties are currently engaged in expert discovery. On April 1, 2019, the Company filed a motion to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction on grounds that the remaining plaintiffs lacked standing. The motion is scheduled for a hearing on May 30, 2019. The Company continues to vigorously defend itself; however, the Company cannot predict the outcome of this action. If the plaintiffs were to prevail, the Company’s reputation and marketing program could be materially, adversely affected, which could have a material, adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.

The Company is involved in various other claims and litigation incidental to its business. Although the outcome of these matters cannot be determined with certainty, management, upon the advice of counsel, is of the opinion that the final outcome of currently pending matters, other than those discussed above, should not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial position.

The Company recognizes the costs of legal defense for the legal proceedings to which it is a party in the periods incurred. After a considerable analysis of each case, the Company has determined that no accrual is required for any of the foregoing matters as of April 30, 2019. Future reserves may be required if losses are deemed reasonably estimable and probable due to changes in the Company’s assumptions, the effectiveness of legal strategies, or other factors beyond the Company’s control. Future results of operations may be materially affected by the creation of reserves or by accruals of losses to reflect any adverse determinations in these legal proceedings.

NOTE 8—CREDIT AGREEMENT

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April 30, 2019 , the Company had borrowed $100.0 million , and had approximately $25.3 million outstanding in letters of credit, leaving $874.7 million of borrowing capacity available under the facility. As of May 29, 2019, the Company had borrowed $80.0 million under the facility, and had approximately $25.3 million outstanding in letters of credit, leaving $894.7 million of borrowing capacity available under the facility.

NOTE 9—INCOME TAXES

The Company’s estimated annual effective tax rates for the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 were 24.7% and 23.8% , respectively, as compared to 24.3% and (28.3)% , respectively, for the three and six months ended April 30, 2018 . During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the revaluation of our deferred taxes using the tax rate enacted by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act during that quarter resulted in the recognition of a $37.5 million discrete income tax benefit. There were no other material discrete items affecting either period. Excluding the effects of discrete items, the Company's estimated annual effective tax rate for the six months ended April 30, 2019 would have been approximately 24.5% , as compared to an estimated annual effective tax rate of 24.4% for the six months ended April 30, 2018 . The Company estimates its effective tax rate for the full fiscal year 2019 , exclusive of discrete items, will be approximately 24.5% . As of April 30, 2019 , the Company's deferred income tax liability was $69.5 million as compared to $62.8 million at October 31, 2018 , an increase of $6.7 million .

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

General

The following should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 .

This Quarterly Report, and other periodic reports filed by the Company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and other written or oral statements made by it or on its behalf, may include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the "Safe Harbor" provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. These forward-looking statements are based on a number of assumptions about future events and are subject to various risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from the views, beliefs and estimates expressed in such statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, the risks described in the "Risk Factors" section of our latest 10-K and 10-Q reports, and to the following:

(1) Changes in the market price for the Company’s finished products and feed grains, both of which may fluctuate substantially and exhibit cyclical characteristics typically associated with commodity markets.

(2) Changes in economic and business conditions, monetary and fiscal policies or the amount of growth, stagnation or recession in the global or U.S. economies, any of which may affect the value of inventories, the collectability of accounts receivable or the financial integrity of customers, and the ability of the end user or consumer to afford protein.

(3) Changes in the political or economic climate, trade policies, laws and regulations or the domestic poultry industry of countries to which the Company or other companies in the poultry industry ship product, and other changes that might limit the Company’s or the industry’s access to foreign markets.

(4) Changes in laws, regulations, and other activities in government agencies and similar organizations applicable to the Company and the poultry industry and changes in laws, regulations and other activities in government agencies and similar organizations related to food safety.

(5) Various inventory risks due to changes in market conditions, including, but not limited to, the risk that net realizable values of live and processed poultry inventories might be lower than the cost of such inventories, requiring a downward adjustment to record the value of such inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value as required by generally accepted accounting principles.

(6) Changes in and effects of competition, which is significant in all markets in which the Company competes, and the effectiveness of marketing and advertising programs. The Company competes with regional and national firms, some of which have greater financial and marketing resources than the Company.

(7) Changes in accounting policies and practices adopted voluntarily by the Company or required to be adopted by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

(8) Disease outbreaks affecting the production, performance and/or marketability of the Company’s poultry products, or the contamination of its products.

(9) Changes in the availability and cost of labor and growers.

(10) The loss of any of the Company’s major customers.

(11) Inclement weather that could hurt Company flocks or otherwise adversely affect the Company's operations, or changes in global weather patterns that could affect the supply and price of feed grains.

(12) Failure to respond to changing consumer preferences and negative or competitive media campaigns.

(13) Failure to successfully and efficiently start up and run a new plant or integrate any business the Company might acquire.

(14) Unfavorable results from currently pending litigation and proceedings, or litigation and proceedings that could arise in the future.

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Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of Sanderson Farms. Each such statement speaks only as of the day it was made. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or to revise any forward-looking statements. The factors described above cannot be controlled by the Company. When used in this report, the words “believes,” “estimates,” “plans,” “expects,” “should,” “outlook,” and “anticipates” and similar expressions as they relate to the Company or its management are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements about management’s beliefs about future growth plans, future earnings, production levels, capital expenditures, grain prices, global economic conditions, supply and demand factors and other industry conditions.

GENERAL

The Company’s poultry operations are integrated through its control of all functions relative to the production of its chicken products, including hatching egg production, hatching, feed manufacturing, raising chickens to marketable age (“grow out”), processing, marketing and distribution. The Company’s prepared chicken product line includes approximately 130 institutional and consumer packaged chicken items that it sells nationally, primarily to distributors and food service establishments. A majority of the prepared chicken items are made to the specifications of food service users.

Consistent with the poultry industry, the Company’s profitability is substantially affected by the market prices for its finished products and feed grains, both of which may fluctuate substantially and exhibit cyclical characteristics typically associated with commodity markets. Other costs, excluding feed grains, related to the profitability of the Company’s poultry operations, including hatching egg production, hatching, growing, and processing cost, are responsive to efficient cost containment programs and management practices.

In March 2017, the Company announced the selection of sites in Lindale, Mineola and Smith County, Texas, for the construction of a new poultry processing complex. The completed complex consists of a hatchery, feed mill, processing plant and waste water treatment facility with the capacity to process 1.3 million chickens per week. The initial phase of operations of the new complex began during the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Before the complex can reach full production, we will need to enter into contracts with a sufficient number of independent contract poultry producers to house the live inventory and hire and train our workforce. See "The construction and potential benefits of our new facilities are subject to risks and uncertainties" in the Risk Factors section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018.

The Company is a party to a revolving credit facility dated March 21, 2019, with a maximum available borrowing capacity of $1.0 billion . Under the credit facility, the Company may not exceed a maximum debt to total capitalization ratio of 50% . The Company has a one-time right, at any time during the term of the agreement, to increase the maximum debt to total capitalization ratio then in effect by five percentage points in connection with the construction of a new poultry complex for the four fiscal quarters beginning on the first day of the fiscal quarter during which the Company gives written notice of its intent to exercise this right. The Company has not exercised this right. The facility also sets a minimum net worth requirement that at April 30, 2019 , was $970.4 million . The credit is unsecured and, unless extended, will expire on March 21, 2024 . As of April 30, 2019 , the Company had borrowed $100.0 million under the facility, and had approximately $25.3 million outstanding in letters of credit, leaving $874.7 million of borrowing capacity available under the facility. As of May 29, 2019, the Company had borrowed $80.0 million under the facility, and had approximately $25.3 million outstanding in letters of credit, leaving $894.7 million of borrowing capacity available under the facility. For more information about the facility, see Item 1.01 of our Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 27, 2019.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW OF RESULTS

The Company's margins were relatively flat during the second quarter of fiscal 2019, when compared to the same period a year ago, reflecting increases in average selling prices and average costs of goods sold. The higher average selling prices were attributable to improved demand for products produced at our plants that process larger birds, sold primarily to food service and export customers, as well as for products produced at our plants that process medium sized birds, primarily sold to retail grocery store customers. There are extensive reports that African Swine Fever has killed a significant percentage of the hog herd in China. Due to the wide range of estimates, however, the extent of the loss is uncertain. A significant loss could have an effect on the global supply, demand and prices for alternative proteins, including our products.

Our higher average cost of goods sold reflect a slight increase in feed costs per pound of chicken processed and an increase in other costs of goods sold, details of which are described in the "Results of Operations" section below.

When combined, prices paid for corn and soybean meal were slightly higher during the second quarter of fiscal 2019 as compared to the same period a year ago. Those higher prices were partially offset by improved broiler performance, and the result was a slight increase in feed costs in broiler flocks processed as compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2018. We have priced a portion of our corn and soybean meal needs through September 2019. Both corn and soybean balance tables remain healthy, but, due to the planting delays caused by wet conditions across the Midwest, prices have recently trended higher.

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Historically, when a significant number of acres intended for corn have been planted after May 31, corn yields have declined, which could lead to higher cash market prices for corn. We are unable to predict whether and to what extent wet weather will affect grain prices. Had we priced our remaining fiscal 2019 needs at May 29, 2019 cash market prices, our cost of feed grains based on fiscal 2018 volumes would be approximately $31.4 million lower during fiscal 2019 as compared to fiscal 2018.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net sales for the second quarter ended April 30, 2019 were $845.2 million as compared to $813.5 million for the second quarter ended April 30, 2018 , an increase of $31.8 million , or 3.9% . Net sales of poultry products for the second quarter ended April 30, 2019 and 2018 , were $782.9 million and $768.6 million , respectively, an increase of $14.3 million , or 1.9% . The increase in net sales of poultry products resulted from a 3.5% increase in the average sales price of poultry products sold, partially offset by a 1.5% decrease in the pounds of poultry products sold. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019 , the Company sold 1,051.4 million pounds of poultry products to outside customers, down from 1,067.9 million pounds during the second quarter of fiscal 2018 . The decrease in pounds of poultry products sold to outside customers was primarily attributable to a 9.4 million pound increase in the quantity of poultry products transferred internally to our prepared chicken facility. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, 21.5 million pounds of poultry products were transferred to the prepared chicken facility, as compared to 12.0 million pounds transferred during the second quarter of fiscal 2018. Overall, market prices for poultry products increased during the second quarter of fiscal 2019 as compared to the same quarter of fiscal 2018 . When compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2018 , Urner Barry average market prices for tenders, jumbo wings and boneless thigh meat increased by 4.4%, 32.7% and 3.5%, respectively, while average market prices for boneless breast meat and leg quarters decreased by 2.4% and 7.0%, respectively. Average realized prices for chicken products sold to retail grocery store customers slightly decreased during the second quarter of fiscal 2019, as compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2018, but continue to reflect stable demand. Net sales of prepared chicken products for the quarters ended April 30, 2019 and 2018 were $62.3 million and $44.9 million , respectively, representing an increase of 38.8% . This increase resulted from a 46.0% increase in the pounds of prepared chicken products sold, partially offset by a 4.9% decrease in the average sales price of prepared chicken products sold. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019 , the Company sold 33.3 million pounds of prepared chicken products, up from 22.8 million pounds during the second quarter of fiscal 2018 .

Net sales for the first six months of fiscal 2019 were $1,588.6 million , as compared to $1,585.4 million for the first six months of fiscal 2018 , an increase of $3.2 million , or 0.2% . Net sales of poultry products for the first six months of fiscal 2019 and 2018 were $1,468.6 million and $1,500.0 million , respectively, a decrease of $31.4 million , or 2.1% . The decrease in the net sales of poultry products resulted from a 2.7% decrease in the pounds of poultry products sold, partially offset by a slight increase in the average sales price of poultry products sold. During the first six months of fiscal 2019 , the Company sold 2,116.1 million pounds of poultry products to outside customers, down from 2,173.8 million pounds during the first six months of fiscal 2018 . The decrease in pounds of poultry products sold to outside customers was primarily attributable to a 21.8 million pound increase in the quantity of poultry products transferred internally to our prepared chicken facility. Overall, market prices for poultry products increased during the first six months of fiscal 2019 as compared to the same period of fiscal 2018 . When compared to the first six months of fiscal 2018 , Urner Barry average market prices for tenders, jumbo wings and boneless thigh meat increased by 2.5%, 12.4% and 4.6%, respectively, while average market prices for boneless breast meat and leg quarters decreased by 4.7% and 14.9%, respectively. Average realized prices for chicken products sold to retail grocery store customers were relatively flat during the first six months of fiscal 2019 , as compared to the same period of fiscal 2018, and continue to reflect stable demand. Net sales of prepared chicken products for the six months ended April 30, 2019 and 2018 were $120.0 million and $85.4 million , respectively, representing an increase of 40.5% . This increase resulted from a 49.2% increase in the pounds of prepared chicken products sold, partially offset by a 5.8% decrease in the average sales price of prepared chicken products sold. During the first six months of fiscal 2019 , the Company sold 64.7 million pounds of prepared chicken products, up from 43.3 million pounds during the first six months of fiscal 2018 .

Cost of sales for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 was $740.8 million as compared to $703.4 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2018 , an increase of $37.4 million , or 5.3% . Cost of sales of poultry products during the second quarter of fiscal 2019 , as compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2018 , was $682.9 million and $660.3 million , respectively, which represents a 5.1% increase in the cost of sales per pound of poultry products. As illustrated in the table below, which for comparative purposes includes poultry products transferred to the Company's prepared chicken plant, the increase in the cost of sales per pound of poultry products resulted from a $0.0348 per pound, or 9.4%, increase in other costs of sales of poultry products and an increase in the cost of feed per pound of broilers processed of $0.0075 , or 3.0% .

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Poultry Cost of Sales

(In thousands, except per pound data)



	Three Months Ended April 30, 2019					Three Months Ended April 30, 2018					Incr/(Decr)
Description	Dollars			Per lb.		Dollars			Per lb.		Dollars			Per lb.
Beginning Inventory	$	27,175		$	0.4041	$	31,855		$	0.4405	$	(4,680	)	$	(0.0364	)
Feed in broilers processed	275,411			0.2541		269,204			0.2466		6,207			0.0075
All other cost of sales	438,322			0.4044		403,443			0.3696		34,879			0.0348
Less: Ending Inventory	33,327			0.4259		30,428			0.3745		2,899			0.0514
Total poultry cost of sales	$	707,581	⁽¹⁾	$	0.6596	$	674,074	⁽¹⁾	$	0.6242	$	33,507		$	0.0354
Pounds:
Beginning Inventory	67,244					72,322
Poultry processed	1,084,008					1,091,576
Poultry sold	1,072,820		⁽¹⁾			1,079,909		⁽¹⁾
Ending Inventory	78,247					81,259

Note (1) - For comparative purposes, includes the costs and pounds of product sold to the Company's prepared chicken plant.

Other costs of sales of poultry products consists primarily of labor, packaging, freight, maintenance and repairs, utilities, antimicrobial interventions, contract grower pay, chick costs and certain fixed costs. These non-feed related costs of poultry products sold increased by $0.0348 per pound processed, or 9.4% , during this year’s second fiscal quarter compared to the same quarter a year ago. Part of this increase is attributable to inefficiencies at the Company's new Tyler, Texas facilities, which began initial operations during the last month of the first quarter of fiscal 2019. A new facility's other costs of sales per pound processed will be higher compared to similar complexes until the new complex reaches full capacity. Excluding the Tyler facilities, other costs of sales would have increased by $0.0211 per pound processed, or 5.7%. This increase is primarily attributable to higher contract grower pay, labor, maintenance and repair, and freight costs. The increase in freight cost is attributable to the Company's adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. While adoption of the standard had no effect on the Company's net income during the second quarter of fiscal 2019, freight cost was negatively impacted during the quarter, and the negative impact to freight cost was offset by a corresponding increase to revenue. For more information regarding the Company's adoption of ASU 2014-09, refer to "Part I., Item 1., Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2 - Revenue."

Cost of sales of the Company’s prepared chicken products during the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were $57.9 million as compared to $43.1 million during the same quarter a year ago, an increase of $14.8 million , or 34.2% . This increase was primarily attributable to a 46.0% increase in the pounds of prepared chicken sold, partially offset by an 8.1% decrease in the average cost per pound of prepared chicken products sold.

Cost of sales for the first six months of fiscal 2019 was $1,449.2 million , as compared to $1,405.5 million during the first six months of fiscal 2018 , an increase of $43.7 million , or 3.1% . Cost of sales of poultry products during the first six months of fiscal 2019 , as compared to the first six months of fiscal 2018 , was $1,341.1 million and $1,327.2 million , respectively, which represents a 1.0% increase in the cost of sales per pound of poultry products. As illustrated in the table below, which for comparative purposes includes poultry products sold to the Company's prepared chicken plant, and excludes poultry products processed and sold under our agreement with House of Raeford Farms as described in "NOTE (2)," the increase in the cost of sales per pound of poultry products resulted from a $0.0284 per pound, or 7.7%, increase in other costs of sales of poultry products and an increase in the cost of feed per pound of broilers processed of $0.0041 , or 1.7% .

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Poultry Cost of Sales

(In thousands, except per pound data)



	Six Months Ended April 30, 2019					Six Months Ended April 30, 2018					Incr/(Decr)
Description	Dollars			Per lb.		Dollars			Per lb.		Dollars			Per lb.
Beginning Inventory	$	30,973		$	0.3686	$	37,769		$	0.4437	$	(6,796	)	$	(0.0751	)
Feed in broilers processed	536,262			0.2497		534,961			0.2456		1,301			0.0041
All other cost of sales	849,339			0.3955		799,492			0.3671		49,847			0.0284
Less: Ending Inventory	33,327			0.4259		30,428			0.3745		2,899			0.0514
Total poultry cost of sales	$	1,383,247	⁽¹⁾	$	0.6413	$	1,341,794	^{(1) (2)}	$	0.6159	$	41,453		$	0.0254
Pounds:
Beginning Inventory	84,020					85,120
Poultry processed	2,147,661					2,178,010		⁽²⁾
Poultry sold	2,157,001		⁽¹⁾			2,178,693		^{(1) (2)}
Ending Inventory	78,247					81,259

Note (1) - For comparative purposes, includes the costs and pounds of product sold to the Company's prepared chicken plant.

Note (2) - On April 17, 2017, the Company announced that it had agreed to process chickens grown by House of Raeford Farms at the Company's processing facility located in St. Pauls, North Carolina. House of Raeford Farms, a private company headquartered in Rose Hill, North Carolina, operates poultry grow-out operations and processing facilities in four southeastern states. The House of Raeford Farms Teachey, North Carolina, facility was severely damaged by a fire in late February 2017. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company purchased, processed and sold chickens grown by House of Raeford Farms through mid-December 2017. During the six months ended April 30, 2018, the Company processed and sold approximately 14.2 million pounds as a result of this agreement. For comparative purposes, those pounds and the associated direct and indirect costs have been excluded from the data set forth in this table.

Other costs of sales of poultry products consists primarily of labor, packaging, freight, maintenance and repairs, utilities, antimicrobial interventions, contract grower pay, chick costs and certain fixed costs. These non-feed related costs of poultry products sold increased by $0.0284 per pound processed, or 7.7% , during the first six months of fiscal 2019 , as compared to the same period a year ago. During the first six months of fiscal 2019, other costs of sales of poultry products include a reversal of the $9.6 million live inventory write-down recorded during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018. Excluding the benefit from that reversal, other cost of sales of poultry products increased by $0.0328 per pound processed, or 8.9%, during the first six months of fiscal 2019, as compared to the same period a year ago. Part of this increase is attributable to inefficiencies at the Company's new Tyler, Texas facilities, which began initial operations during the last month of the first quarter of fiscal 2019. A new facility's other costs of sales per pound processed will be higher compared to similar complexes until the new complex reaches full capacity. Excluding the Tyler facilities, other costs of sales would have increased by $0.0214 per pound processed, or 5.8%. This increase is primarily attributable to higher contract grower pay, labor, antimicrobial intervention, maintenance and repair, and freight costs. The increase in freight cost is attributable to the Company's adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. While adoption of the standard had no effect on the Company's net income during the first six months of fiscal 2019, freight cost was negatively impacted during the period, and the negative impact to freight cost was offset by a corresponding increase to revenue. For more information regarding the Company's adoption of ASU 2014-09, refer to "Part I., Item 1., Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2 - Revenue."

The Company recorded the value of live broiler inventories on hand at April 30, 2019 at cost. When market conditions are favorable, the Company values the broiler inventories on hand at cost, and accumulates costs as the birds are grown to a marketable age subsequent to the balance sheet date. In periods where the Company estimates that the cost to grow live birds in inventory to a marketable age, process, and distribute those birds will be higher in the aggregate than the anticipated sales price, the Company will make an adjustment to lower the value of live birds in inventory to the net realizable value. No such charge was required at April 30, 2019 or April 30, 2018 .

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Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") costs during the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were $49.2 million , a decrease of $5.8 million compared to the $55.0 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2018 . SG&A costs during the six months ended April 30, 2019 were $107.8 million , an increase of $0.2 million compared to the $107.6 million during the six months ended April 30, 2018 . The following tables include the components of SG&A costs for the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 and 2018 .

Selling, General and Administrative Costs

(in thousands)



Description	Three Months Ended April 30, 2019		Three Months Ended April 30, 2018		Increase/(Decrease)
Advertising expense	$	3,049	$	8,799	$	(5,750	)
Start-up expense (Tyler)	—		2,412		(2,412		)
Stock compensation expense	2,754		4,228		(1,474		)
Trainee expense	4,390		5,642		(1,252		)
Legal expense	6,148		5,526		622
Administrative salaries	11,306		10,553		753
All other SG&A	21,583		17,877		3,706
Total SG&A	$	49,230	$	55,037	$	(5,807	)

Selling, General and Administrative Costs

(in thousands)



Description	Six Months Ended April 30, 2019		Six Months Ended April 30, 2018		Increase/(Decrease)
Start-up expense (Tyler)	$	9,361	$	3,258	$	6,103
Legal expense	11,704		8,118		3,586
Administrative salaries	22,485		20,764		1,721
Trainee expense	9,093		10,831		(1,738		)
Stock compensation expense	5,494		10,279		(4,785		)
Advertising expense	6,481		17,573		(11,092		)
All other SG&A	43,147		36,789		6,358
Total SG&A	$	107,765	$	107,612	$	153

Regarding both tables above, the change in start-up expense in any particular period relates to the stage of the start-up process in which a facility under construction is in during the period. Non-construction related expenses, such as labor, training and office-related expenses for a facility under construction are recorded as start-up expense until the facility begins operations. As a facility moves closer to start-up, the expenses incurred for labor, training, etc. increase. As a result, amounts classified as start-up expenses will increase period over period until the facility begins production. Once production begins, the expenses from that point forward are recorded as costs of goods sold. The increase in legal expense is primarily attributable to our ongoing defense of the litigation described in "Part II, Item 1. Legal Proceedings" of this Form 10-Q. The decrease in stock compensation expense is the result of management determining during the first quarter of fiscal 2018 that it was probable the performance shares granted on November 1, 2016 would be earned at some level. Accordingly, a catch-up accrual was recorded during the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and normal monthly accruals were made during the second quarter of fiscal 2018. No such accruals for any performance shares granted after November 1, 2016 were made during the first or second quarters of fiscal 2019, because management is currently unable to determine that it is probable that the performance shares granted on November 1, 2017 and November 1, 2018 will be earned. Stock compensation is further described in "Part I, Item 1, Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements, Note 4 - Stock Compensation Plans." The decrease in advertising expense is the result of the Company's decision to scale back its television and radio advertising during fiscal 2019. The increase in all other SG&A expenses is primarily attributable to the Company's adoption of ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. While adoption of the standard had no effect on the Company's net income during the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2019, SG&A expenses were negatively impacted during the periods, and the negative impact to SG&A expenses was offset by a corresponding increase to revenue. For more information regarding the Company’s adoption of ASU 2014-09, refer to "Part I., Item 1., Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2 - Revenue."

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The Company’s operating income for the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 was $55.2 million and $31.6 million , respectively, as compared to operating income for the three and six months ended April 30, 2018 of $55.0 million and $72.3 million , respectively. The decrease in operating margin for the six months ended April 30, 2019 , as compared to the same period a year ago, resulted primarily from higher average costs of goods sold combined with relatively flat average selling prices.

The Company recognized no interest income during the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2019 , as compared to $0.9 million and $1.3 million , respectively, of interest income during the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2018. Interest expense during the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2019 was $1.2 million and $1.7 million , respectively, as compared to $0.5 million and $1.0 million , respectively, during the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2018 . During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company capitalized approximately $0.3 million of interest costs related to the construction of the new complex in Lindale, Mineola and Smith County, Texas,

The Company’s estimated annual effective tax rates for the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 were 24.7% and 23.8% , respectively, as compared to 24.3% and (28.3)% , respectively, for the three and six months ended April 30, 2018 . During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the revaluation of our deferred taxes using the tax rate enacted by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act during that quarter resulted in the recognition of a $37.5 million discrete income tax benefit. There were no other material discrete items affecting the comparative periods. Excluding the effects of discrete items, the Company's estimated annual effective tax rates for the first six months of fiscal 2019 and 2018 would have been approximately 24.5% and 24.4%, respectively. The Company estimates its effective tax rate for the full fiscal year 2019 , exclusive of discrete items, will be approximately 24.5%.

As of April 30, 2019 , the Company's deferred income tax liability was $69.5 million as compared to $62.8 million at October 31, 2018 , an increase of $6.7 million .

During the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 , the Company’s net income was $40.6 million , or $1.83 per share, and $22.8 million , or $1.03 per share, respectively. For the three and six months ended April 30, 2018 , the Company’s net income was $41.9 million , or $1.84 per share, and $93.2 million , or $4.08 per share, respectively. The decrease in net income for the first six months of fiscal 2019 as compared to the same period in fiscal 2018 is primarily attributable to a higher tax rate, which is due to the discrete benefit recognized during the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and no such benefit recognized during the first six months of fiscal 2019, and higher average costs of goods sold, partially offset by slightly higher average selling prices.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company’s working capital, calculated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets, at April 30, 2019 was $405.7 million , and its current ratio, calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities, was 3.4 to 1. The Company’s working capital and current ratio at October 31, 2018 were $367.6 million and 2.8 to 1, respectively. These measures reflect the Company’s ability to meet its short term obligations and are included here as a measure of the Company’s short term market liquidity. The Company’s principal sources of liquidity during fiscal 2019 include cash on hand at October 31, 2018, cash flows from operations, and funds available under the Company’s revolving credit facility. As described below, the Company is a party to a revolving credit facility dated March 21, 2019, with a maximum available borrowing capacity of $1.0 billion . As of April 30, 2019, the Company had borrowed $100.0 million under the facility, and had approximately $25.3 million outstanding in letters of credit, leaving $874.7 million of borrowing capacity available under the facility. As of May 29, 2019, the Company had borrowed $80.0 million under the facility, and had approximately $25.3 million outstanding in letters of credit, leaving $894.7 million of borrowing capacity available under the facility.

The Company’s cash position at April 30, 2019 and October 31, 2018 consisted of $96.9 million and $121.2 million , respectively, in cash and short-term cash investments. The Company’s ability to invest cash is limited by covenants in its revolving credit agreement to short-term investments. All of the Company’s cash at April 30, 2019 and October 31, 2018 was held in bank accounts and highly-liquid investment accounts. There were no restrictions on the Company’s access to its cash, and such cash was available to the Company on demand to fund its operations.

Cash flows provided by operating activities during the six months ended April 30, 2019 totaled $49.8 million , as compared to cash flows provided by operating activities of $46.0 million during the six months ended April 30, 2018 . Cash flows from operating activities increased by $3.8 million , resulting from offsetting cash flows. During the first six months of fiscal 2019, the Company realized lower margins due to an increase in the average cost of goods sold, as compared to the fist six months of fiscal 2018, which more than offset the slight increase in average selling prices during the same comparative periods. The lower margins were partially offset by the change in cash paid or received for income taxes during the first six months of fiscal 2019, as compared to the first six months of fiscal 2018. During the first six months of fiscal 2019, the Company's net cash receipts from income taxes totaled approximately $26.9 million, as compared to approximately $39.0 million in net cash paid for

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income taxes during the first six months of fiscal 2018. Further offsetting the lower margins is the change in cash bonuses paid by the Company, which totaled approximately $36.0 million during the first three months of fiscal 2018, as compared to no cash bonuses paid during the first three months of fiscal 2019. The bonuses paid during the first three months of fiscal 2018 related to fiscal 2017 performance.

Cash flows used in investing activities during the first six months of fiscal 2019 and 2018 were $161.4 million and $126.0 million , respectively. The Company’s capital expenditures during the first six months of fiscal 2019 were approximately $162.3 million , and included approximately $54.8 million related to construction at the Tyler, Texas complex, and approximately $9.4 million related to final payments made under purchase agreements for delivery of new aircraft. Capital expenditures for the first six months of fiscal 2018 were $126.9 million , including approximately $41.2 million related to construction at the Tyler, Texas complex and approximately $24.3 million related to progress payments made under the aircraft purchase agreements.

Cash flows provided by financing activities during the six months ended April 30, 2019 totaled $87.3 million , as compared to cash flows used in financing activities of $12.0 million during the six months ended April 30, 2018 . The change in cash flows from financing activities is primarily attributable to the Company's borrowing $100.0 million under its revolving credit facility during the first six months of fiscal 2019, as compared to no borrowings during the first six months of fiscal 2018.

As of May 20, 2019, the Company’s capital budget for fiscal 2019 , excluding operating leases, is approximately $255.0 million. The Company expects the 2019 capital budget to be funded by internally generated working capital, cash flows from operations and, as needed, funds available under the Company's revolving credit facility. The fiscal 2019 capital budget includes approximately $70.5 million combined for multiple large-scale equipment upgrades and corresponding building upgrades at multiple complexes, approximately $55.5 million for the final stages of construction of the Company's new Tyler, Texas complex, and approximately $9.4 million for final payments due under purchase agreements for delivery of new aircraft. Excluding the budgets for the projects detailed above, the fiscal 2019 capital budget is approximately $119.6 million. These amounts are estimates and are subject to change as we move through fiscal 2019 .

On October 2, 2017, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 to register for possible future sale shares of the Company's common and/or preferred stock. An indeterminate amount of common stock and preferred stock may be offered by the Company in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined by the board of directors if and when shares are issued. The registration statement became automatically effective upon filing with the SEC on October 2, 2017.

The Company regularly evaluates both internal and external growth opportunities, including acquisition opportunities and the possible construction of new production assets, and conducts due diligence activities in connection with such opportunities. The cost and terms of any financing to be raised in conjunction with any growth opportunity, including the Company’s ability to raise debt or equity capital on terms and at costs satisfactory to the Company, and the effect of such opportunities on the Company’s balance sheet, are critical considerations in any such evaluation.

Revolving Credit Facility

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Critical Accounting Estimates

We consider accounting policies related to allowance for doubtful accounts, inventories, long-lived assets, accrued self-insurance, performance share plans, income taxes and contingencies to be critical accounting estimates. These policies are summarized in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2018 .

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Scope of Modification Accounting, which amends the requirements related to accounting for changes to stock compensation awards. The guidance is effective for annual periods,and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017, our fiscal 2019. The Company adopted this guidance during the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and it did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements. The impact this guidance will have on our future consolidated financial statements will depend on the nature and extent of future changes, if any, to the terms and conditions of the Company's Stock Incentive Plan.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. The guidance is intended to increase transparency and comparability among companies by requiring an entity that is a lessee to recognize on the balance sheet the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities arising from all leases with terms, as defined by the guidance, of greater than twelve months. The guidance also requires disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2018, our fiscal 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

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Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company is a purchaser of certain commodities, primarily corn and soybean meal, for use in manufacturing feed for its chickens. As a result, the Company’s earnings are affected by changes in the price and availability of such feed ingredients. Feed grains are subject to volatile price changes caused by factors described below that include weather, size of harvest, transportation and storage costs and the agricultural policies of the United States and foreign governments. The price fluctuations of feed grains have a direct and material effect on the Company’s profitability.

Generally, the Company commits to purchase feed ingredients for deferred delivery from one month to nine months after the time of the commitment. The grain purchases are made directly with our usual grain suppliers, which are companies in the business of regularly supplying grain to end users, and do not involve options to purchase. Such purchases occur when our chief operating decision maker concludes that market factors indicate that prices at the time the grain is needed are likely to be higher than current prices, or where, based on current and expected market prices for the Company’s poultry products, our chief operating decision maker believes the Company can purchase feed ingredients at prices that will allow the Company to earn a reasonable return for its shareholders. The Company sometimes purchases its feed ingredients for prompt delivery to its feed mills at market prices at the time of such purchases. Market factors considered by our chief operating decision maker in determining whether or not and to what extent to commit to buy grain for deferred delivery include:


•	Current market prices;


•	Current and predicted weather patterns in the United States, South America, China and other grain producing areas, as such weather patterns might affect the planting, growing, harvesting and yield of feed grains;


•	The expected size of the harvest of feed grains in the United States and other grain producing areas of the world as reported by governmental and private sources;


•	Current and expected changes to the agricultural policies of the United States and foreign governments;


•	The relative strength of United States currency and expected changes therein as it might affect the ability of foreign countries to buy United States feed grain commodities;


•	The current and expected volumes of export of feed grain commodities as reported by governmental and private sources;


•	The current and expected use of available feed grains for uses other than as livestock feed grains (such as the use of corn for the production of ethanol, which use is affected by the price of crude oil); and


•	Current and expected market prices for the Company’s poultry products.

The Company purchases physical grain, not financial instruments such as puts, calls or straddles that derive their value from the value of physical grain. Thus, the Company does not use derivative financial instruments as defined in ASC 815, “Accounting for Derivatives for Instruments and Hedging Activities,” or any market risk sensitive instruments of the type contemplated by Item 305 of Regulation S-K. The Company does not enter into any derivative transactions or purchase any grain-related contracts other than the physical grain contracts described above.

Although the Company does not use derivative financial instruments as defined in ASC 815 or purchase market risk sensitive instruments of the type contemplated by Item 305 of Regulation S-K, the commodities that the Company does purchase for physical delivery, primarily corn and soybean meal, are subject to price fluctuations that have a direct and material effect on the Company’s profitability as mentioned above. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019 , the Company purchased approximately 28.3 million bushels of corn and approximately 283,050 tons of soybean meal for use in manufacturing feed for its live chickens. A $1.00 change in the average market price paid per bushel for corn would have affected the Company’s cash outlays for corn by approximately $28.3 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 . Likewise, a $10.00 change in the price paid per ton for soybean meal would affect the Company’s cash outlays by approximately $2.8 million .

Although changes in the market price paid for feed grains affect cash outlays at the time the Company purchases the grain, such changes do not immediately affect cost of sales. The cost of feed grains is recognized in cost of sales, on a first-in-first-out basis, at the same time that the sales of the chickens that consume the feed grains are recognized. Thus, there is a lag between the time cash is paid for feed ingredients and the time the cost of such feed ingredients is reported in cost of goods sold. For example, corn delivered to a feedmill and paid for one week might be used to manufacture feed the following week. However, the chickens that eat that feed might not be processed and sold for another 48-62 days, and only at that time will the costs of the feed consumed by the chicken become included in cost of goods sold.

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During the second quarter of fiscal 2019 , the Company’s average feed cost per pound of broilers processed totaled $0.2541 per pound. Feed costs per pound of broilers processed consist primarily of feed grains, but also include other feed ingredients such as vitamins, fat and mineral feed supplements. The average feed cost per pound is influenced not only by the price of feed ingredients, but also by the efficiency with which live chickens convert feed into body weight. Factors such as weather, poultry husbandry, quality of feed ingredients and the quality, size and health of the bird, among others, affect the quantity of feed necessary to mature chickens to the target live weight and the efficiency of that process. Generally, however, a $1.00 change in the average price paid per bushel of corn fed to a chicken during its life would have affected average feed cost per pound of broilers processed by $0.0261 , based on the quantity of grain used during the second quarter of fiscal 2019 . Similarly, a $10.00 change in the average price paid per ton of soybean meal would have influenced the average feed cost per pound of broilers processed by $0.0026 during the second quarter of fiscal 2019 .

The following table shows the impact of hypothetical changes in the price of corn and soybean meal on both the Company’s cash flow and cost of goods sold, based on quantities actually purchased in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 :



Feed Ingredient	Quantity Purchased during the Second Fiscal Quarter of 2019	Hypothetical Price Change	Impact on Cash Outlay	Ultimate Impact on Feed Cost per Pound of broilers Processed
Corn	28.3 million bushels	$1.00 per bushel	$28.3 million	$0.0261/lb processed
Soybean meal	283,050 tons	$10.00 per ton	$2.8 million	$0.0026/lb processed

The Company’s interest expense is sensitive to changes in the general level of interest rates in the United States, and when the Company is indebted, it typically maintains certain of its debt as fixed rate in nature to mitigate the impact of fluctuations in interest rates. At April 30, 2019 the Company had no fixed-rate debt on its balance sheet; however, management believes the potential effects of near-term changes in interest rates on the Company's debt are not material.


Item 4.	Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of April 30, 2019 , an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of April 30, 2019 .

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended April 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1.	Legal Proceedings

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counsel informed the shareholder’s counsel of the committee’s determination. As of the date of filing of this report, and to the Company’s knowledge, no legal proceedings related to the shareholder’s demand have been filed. However, we are voluntarily disclosing the existence of the shareholder demand in light of its relationship to the putative antitrust and securities class action lawsuits described above.

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concluded on March 18, 2019, and the parties are currently engaged in expert discovery. On April 1, 2019, the Company filed a motion to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction on grounds that the remaining plaintiffs lacked standing. The motion is scheduled for a hearing on May 30, 2019. The Company continues to vigorously defend itself; however, the Company cannot predict the outcome of this action. If the plaintiffs were to prevail, the Company’s reputation and marketing program could be materially, adversely affected, which could have a material, adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.


Item 1A.	Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this quarterly report, you should carefully consider the risks discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 , including under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors”, which, along with risks described in this report, are risks we believe could materially affect the Company’s business, financial condition and future results. These are not the only risks facing the Company. Other risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and future results. Risks we have identified but currently deem to be immaterial could still materially adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and future results if our assumptions with respect to such risks prove incorrect or if circumstances change.

There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 .

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

During the second quarter of fiscal 2019 , the company repurchased shares of its common stock as follows:



Period	(a) Total Number of Shares Purchased ⁽¹⁾	(b) Average Price Paid per Share		(c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs ⁽²⁾	(d) Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs ^{(2) (3)}
Feb. 1 - Feb. 28, 2019	9,978	$	120.46	9,978	1,176,615
Mar. 1 - Mar. 31, 2019	1,373	131.60		1,373	1,176,615
Apr. 1 - Apr. 30, 2019	845	143.64		845	1,176,615
Total	12,196	$	123.32	12,196	1,176,615

___________________


1	All purchases were made pursuant to the Company’s Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on February 11, 2016, under which shares were withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations.

On May 31, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors expanded and extended the share repurchase program originally approved on October 22, 2009, under which the Company was originally authorized to purchase up to one million shares of its common stock and is now authorized to purchase up to two million shares of its common stock in open market transactions or negotiated purchases, subject to market conditions, share price and other considerations. The authorization will expire on May 31, 2021. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company purchased 823,385 shares in open market transactions under this program. The Company’s repurchases of vested restricted stock to satisfy tax withholding obligations of its Stock Incentive Plan participants are not made under the 2018 general repurchase plan.

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3	Does not include vested restricted shares that may yet be repurchased under the Stock Incentive Plan as described in Note 1.

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Item 6.	Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed with this report.

Exhibit 3.1 Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed with the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended on July 31, 2015.)

Exhibit 3.2 Bylaws of the Registrant, amended and restated as of October 24, 2017. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 filed with the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on October 24, 2017.)

Exhibit 10.1 Credit Agreement dated March 21, 2019 among Sanderson Farms, Inc., BMO Harris Bank N.A. as agent for the banks defined therein, and the banks party thereto. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K on March 27, 2019.)

Exhibit 10.2 Guaranty Agreement dated March 21, 2019 of Sanderson Farms, Inc. (Foods Division), Sanderson Farms, Inc. (Production Division) and Sanderson Farms, Inc. (Processing Division). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K on March 27, 2019.)

Exhibit 31.1* Certification of Chief Executive Officer.

Exhibit 31.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer.

Exhibit 32.1** Section 1350 Certification.

Exhibit 32.2** Section 1350 Certification.

Exhibit 101.INS XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

Exhibit 101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

Exhibit 101.CAL XBRLTaxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

Exhibit 101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

Exhibit 101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

Exhibit 101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

___________________


*	Filed herewith.


**	Furnished herewith.

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS



Exhibit Number		Description of Exhibit

3.1		Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed with the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended on July 31, 2015.)

3.2		Bylaws of the Registrant, amended and restated as of October 24, 2017. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 filed with the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on October 24, 2017.)

10.1		Exhibit 10.1 Credit Agreement dated March 21, 2019 among Sanderson Farms, Inc., BMO Harris Bank N.A. as agent for the banks defined therein, and the banks party thereto. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K on March 27, 2019.)

10.2		Exhibit 10.2 Guaranty Agreement dated March 21, 2019 of Sanderson Farms, Inc. (Foods Division), Sanderson Farms, Inc. (Production Division) and Sanderson Farms, Inc. (Processing Division). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K on March 27, 2019.)

31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer

31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer

32.1**		Section 1350 Certification.

32.2**		Section 1350 Certification.

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

___________________


*	Filed herewith.


**	Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	SANDERSON FARMS, INC.
	(Registrant)

Date: May 30, 2019	By:	/s/ D. Michael Cockrell
		Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Legal Officer

Date: May 30, 2019	By:	/s/ Tim Rigney
		Secretary, Corporate Controller and
		Chief Accounting Officer