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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
     
þ   Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2008
     
o   Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from                                    to                                                           
Commission File Number: 0-26001
Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware   22-3640393
     
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
     
West 80 Century Road
Paramus, New Jersey
  07652
     
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)
(201) 967-1900
 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes       þ       No       o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act. (Check one):
             
Large accelerated filer þ   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o   Smaller reporting company o
        (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes       o       No       þ
As of August 5, 2008, the registrant had 519,673,511 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.
 
 

 


 

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  EX-31.1: CERTIFICATION
  EX-31.2: CERTIFICATION
  EX-32.1: CERTIFICATION

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Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain certain “forward looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and may be identified by the use of such words as “may,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “should,” “plan,” “estimate,” “predict,” “continue,” and “potential” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to estimates with respect to the financial condition, results of operations and business of Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. These factors include, but are not limited to:
    the timing and occurrence or non-occurrence of events may be subject to circumstances beyond our control;
 
    increases in competitive pressure among the financial institutions or from non-financial institutions;
 
    changes in the interest rate environment may reduce interest margins or affect the value of our investments;
 
    changes in deposit flows, loan demand or real estate values may adversely affect our business;
 
    changes in accounting principles, policies or guidelines may cause our financial condition to be perceived differently;
 
    general economic conditions, either nationally or locally in some or all of the areas in which we do business, or conditions in the securities markets or the banking industry may be less favorable than we currently anticipate;
 
    legislative or regulatory changes that may adversely affect our business;
 
    applicable technological changes that may be more difficult or expensive than we anticipate;
 
    success or consummation of new business initiatives that may be more difficult or expensive than we anticipate;
 
    litigation or matters before regulatory agencies, whether currently existing or commencing in the future, that may delay the occurrence or non-occurrence of events longer than we anticipate;
 
    the risks associated with continued diversification of assets and adverse changes to credit quality;
 
    difficulties associated with achieving expected future financial results; and
 
    the risk of an economic slowdown that would adversely affect credit quality and loan originations.
Our ability to predict results or the actual effects of our plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. As such, forward-looking statements can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties. Consequently, no forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this filing. We do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this Form 10-Q or to conform these statements to actual events.

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. — Financial Statements
Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
                 
    June 30,     December 31,  
    2008     2007  
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)   (unaudited)          
 
               
Assets:
               
Cash and due from banks
  $ 128,629     $ 111,245  
Federal funds sold
    56,957       106,299  
 
           
Total cash and cash equivalents
    185,586       217,544  
Securities available for sale:
               
Mortgage-backed securities
    7,600,182       5,005,409  
Investment securities
    3,287,143       2,765,491  
 
               
Securities held to maturity:
               
Mortgage-backed securities (fair value of $9,347,408 at June 30, 2008 and $9,566,312 at
December 31, 2007)
    9,336,644       9,565,526  
Investment securities (fair value of $71,954 at June 30, 2008 and $1,410,246 at December 31, 2007)
    71,695       1,408,501  
 
           
Total securities
    20,295,664       18,744,927  
 
               
Loans
    27,229,771       24,192,281  
Deferred loan costs
    48,808       40,598  
Allowance for loan losses
    (39,078 )     (34,741 )
 
           
Net loans
    27,239,501       24,198,138  
 
               
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock
    809,320       695,351  
Foreclosed real estate, net
    8,151       4,055  
Accrued interest receivable
    277,664       245,113  
Banking premises and equipment, net
    74,276       75,094  
Goodwill
    152,109       152,109  
Other assets
    119,715       91,640  
 
           
Total Assets
  $ 49,161,986     $ 44,423,971  
 
           
 
               
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
               
Deposits:
               
Interest-bearing
  $ 16,088,244     $ 14,635,412  
Noninterest-bearing
    631,101       517,970  
 
           
Total deposits
    16,719,345       15,153,382  
 
               
Repurchase agreements
    13,550,000       12,016,000  
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York advances
    13,925,000       12,125,000  
 
           
Total borrowed funds
    27,475,000       24,141,000  
 
               
Due to brokers
    12,889       281,853  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    245,158       236,429  
 
           
Total liabilities
    44,452,392       39,812,664  
 
           
 
               
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 3,200,000,000 shares authorized; 741,466,555 shares issued; 519,478,371 and 518,569,602 shares outstanding at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007
    7,415       7,415  
Additional paid-in capital
    4,597,370       4,578,578  
Retained earnings
    2,099,941       2,002,049  
Treasury stock, at cost; 221,988,184 and 222,896,953 shares at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007
    (1,765,696 )     (1,771,106 )
Unallocated common stock held by the employee stock ownership plan
    (219,247 )     (222,251 )
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
    (10,189 )     16,622  
 
           
Total shareholders’ equity
    4,709,594       4,611,307  
 
           
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 49,161,986     $ 44,423,971  
 
           
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Unaudited)
                                 
    For the Three Months     For the Six Months  
    Ended June 30,     Ended June 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
Interest and Dividend Income:
                               
First mortgage loans
  $ 369,096     $ 289,772     $ 715,373     $ 559,454  
Consumer and other loans
    6,877       7,078       13,733       13,970  
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
    123,619       109,563       248,464       205,080  
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    88,952       26,805       158,462       55,096  
Investment securities held to maturity
    944       18,630       11,890       37,243  
Investment securities available for sale
    41,974       48,351       80,529       99,186  
Dividends on Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock
    13,993       8,747       28,219       16,219  
Federal funds sold
    1,205       2,548       3,278       4,893  
 
                       
Total interest and dividend income
    646,660       511,494       1,259,948       991,141  
 
                       
 
                               
Interest Expense:
                               
Deposits
    141,399       146,432       299,415       288,395  
Borrowed funds
    272,129       207,404       534,086       388,634  
 
                       
Total interest expense
    413,528       353,836       833,501       677,029  
 
                       
Net interest income
    233,132       157,658       426,447       314,112  
Provision for Loan Losses
    3,000       500       5,500       800  
 
                       
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    230,132       157,158       420,947       313,312  
 
                       
Non-Interest Income:
                               
 
                       
Service charges and other income
    2,088       1,823       4,309       3,373  
 
                       
 
                               
Non-Interest Expense:
                               
Compensation and employee benefits
    31,299       25,812       62,844       51,560  
Net occupancy expense
    7,433       7,070       14,804       14,279  
Federal deposit insurance assessment
    423       447       839       888  
Computer and related services
    748       715       1,387       1,381  
Other expense
    8,374       6,823       16,515       13,856  
 
                       
Total non-interest expense
    48,277       40,867       96,389       81,964  
 
                       
Income before income tax expense
    183,943       118,114       328,867       234,721  
Income Tax Expense
    73,240       45,450       129,495       90,814  
 
                       
Net income
  $ 110,703     $ 72,664     $ 199,372     $ 143,907  
 
                       
Basic Earnings Per Share
  $ 0.23     $ 0.14     $ 0.41     $ 0.28  
 
                       
Diluted Earnings Per Share
  $ 0.22     $ 0.14     $ 0.40     $ 0.28  
 
                       
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding:
                               
Basic
    483,885,720       504,902,448       483,491,345       511,622,385  
Diluted
    496,078,754       514,998,167       495,362,864       522,157,901  
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
(Unaudited )
                 
    For the Six Months  
    Ended June 30,  
    2008     2007  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
 
           
Common Stock
  $ 7,415     $ 7,415  
 
           
 
               
Additional paid-in capital:
               
Balance at beginning of year
    4,578,578       4,553,614  
Stock option plan expense
    7,520       6,275  
Tax benefit from stock plans
    5,417       2,057  
Allocation of ESOP stock
    5,154       3,471  
Vesting of RRP stock
    701       907  
 
           
Balance at end of period
    4,597,370       4,566,324  
 
           
 
               
Retained Earnings:
               
Balance at beginning of year
    2,002,049       1,877,840  
Net Income
    199,372       143,907  
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.20 and $0.16 per share, respectively)
    (96,711 )     (82,414 )
Exercise of stock options
    (4,769 )     (3,722 )
 
           
Balance at end of period
    2,099,941       1,935,611  
 
           
 
               
Treasury Stock:
               
Balance at beginning of year
    (1,771,106 )     (1,230,793 )
Purchase of common stock
    (3,600 )     (357,577 )
Exercise of stock options
    9,010       6,099  
 
           
Balance at end of period
    (1,765,696 )     (1,582,271 )
 
           
 
               
Unallocated common stock held by the ESOP:
               
Balance at beginning of year
    (222,251 )     (228,257 )
Allocation of ESOP stock
    3,004       3,003  
 
           
Balance at end of period
    (219,247 )     (225,254 )
 
           
 
               
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
               
Balance at beginning of year
    16,622       (49,563 )
Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during period, net of tax (benefit) expense of $(18,445) and $727 in 2008 and 2007, respectively
    (26,707 )     1,053  
Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustment, net of tax benefit of $72 and $116 for 2008 and 2007, respectively
    (104 )     (168 )
 
           
Balance at end of period
    (10,189 )     (48,678 )
 
           
Total Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 4,709,594     $ 4,653,147  
 
           
 
               
Summary of comprehensive income
               
Net income
  $ 199,372     $ 143,907  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
    (26,811 )     885  
 
           
Total comprehensive income
  $ 172,561     $ 144,792  
 
           
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited )
                 
    For the Six months  
    Ended June 30,  
    2008     2007  
    (In thousands)  
 
             
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
               
Net income
  $ 199,372     $ 143,907  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation, accretion and amortization expense
    13,486       11,227  
Provision for loan losses
    5,500       800  
Share-based compensation, including committed ESOP shares
    16,379       13,656  
Deferred tax (benefit) expense
    (11,065 )     3,787  
Increase in accrued interest receivable
    (32,551 )     (28,251 )
Decrease in other assets
    213       10,301  
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities
    8,729       (6,243 )
 
           
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
    200,063       149,184  
 
           
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
               
Originations of loans
    (2,420,250 )     (1,598,789 )
Purchases of loans
    (2,171,358 )     (2,369,034 )
Principal payments on loans
    1,536,938       1,146,056  
Principal collection of mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
    755,450       596,980  
Purchases of mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
    (529,730 )     (2,703,101 )
Principal collection of mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    523,210       368,108  
Purchases of mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    (3,406,592 )     (38,261 )
Proceeds from maturities and calls of investment securities held to maturity
    1,336,860        
Proceeds from maturities and calls of investment securities available for sale
    1,349,901       1,100,054  
Purchases of investment securities available for sale
    (1,900,000 )     (500,000 )
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock
    (114,689 )     (166,285 )
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock
    720       9,315  
Purchases of premises and equipment, net
    (4,104 )     (7,327 )
Net proceeds from sale of foreclosed real estate
    2,313       2,095  
 
           
Net Cash Used in Investment Activities
    (5,041,331 )     (4,160,189 )
 
           
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
               
Net increase in deposits
    1,565,963       774,923  
Proceeds from borrowed funds
    3,700,000       6,000,000  
Principal payments on borrowed funds
    (366,000 )     (2,307,000 )
Dividends paid
    (96,711 )     (82,414 )
Purchases of treasury stock
    (3,600 )     (357,577 )
Exercise of stock options
    4,241       2,377  
Tax benefit from stock plans
    5,417       2,057  
 
           
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
    4,809,310       4,032,366  
 
           
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    (31,958 )     21,361  
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year
    217,544       182,246  
 
           
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
  $ 185,586     $ 203,607  
 
           
Supplemental Disclosures:
               
Interest paid
  $ 821,515     $ 658,500  
 
           
Loans transferred to foreclosed real estate
  $ 6,409     $ 2,633  
 
           
Income tax payments
  $ 140,972     $ 83,720  
 
           
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Organization
Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. (“Hudson City Bancorp”) is a Delaware corporation organized in March 1999 by Hudson City Savings Bank (“Hudson City Savings”) in connection with the conversion and reorganization of Hudson City Savings from a New Jersey mutual savings bank into a two-tiered mutual savings bank holding company structure. Prior to June 7, 2005, a majority of Hudson City Bancorp’s common stock was owned by Hudson City, MHC, a mutual holding company. On June 7, 2005, Hudson City Bancorp, Hudson City Savings and Hudson City, MHC reorganized from a two-tier mutual holding company structure to a stock holding company structure, and Hudson City MHC was merged into Hudson City Bancorp.
2. Basis of Presentation
In our opinion, all the adjustments (consisting of normal and recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial condition and consolidated results of operations for the unaudited periods presented have been included. The results of operations and other data presented for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the statements of financial condition and the results of operations for the period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Certain information and note disclosures usually included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for the preparation of the Form 10-Q. The consolidated financial statements presented should be read in conjunction with Hudson City Bancorp’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements included in Hudson City Bancorp’s December 31, 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
3. Earnings Per Share
The following is a summary of our earnings per share calculations and reconciliation of basic to diluted earnings per share.
                                                 
    For the Three Months Ended June 30,  
    2008     2007  
                    Per                     Per  
            Average     Share             Average     Share  
    Income     Shares     Amount     Income     Shares     Amount  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
 
                                               
Net income
  $ 110,703                     $ 72,664                  
 
                                           
Basic earnings per share:
                                               
Income available to common stockholders
  $ 110,703       483,886     $ 0.23     $ 72,664       504,902     $ 0.14  
 
                                           
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents
          12,193                     10,096          
 
                                       
Diluted earnings per share:
                                               
Income available to common stockholders
  $ 110,703       496,079     $ 0.22     $ 72,664       514,998     $ 0.14  
 
                                   
                                                 
    For the Six Months Ended June 30,  
    2008     2007  
                    Per                     Per  
                    Share                     Share  
    Income     Shares     Amount     Income     Shares     Amount  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
 
                                               
Net income
  $ 199,372                     $ 143,907                  
 
                                           
Basic earnings per share:
                                               
Income available to common stockholders
  $ 199,372       483,491     $ 0.41     $ 143,907       511,622     $ 0.28  
 
                                           
Effect of dilutive common
                                               
stock equivalents
          11,872                     10,536          
 
                                       
Diluted earnings per share:
                                               
Income available to common stockholders
  $ 199,372       495,363     $ 0.40     $ 143,907       522,158     $ 0.28  
 
                                   
4.   Stock Repurchase Programs
Under our previously announced stock repurchase programs, shares of Hudson City Bancorp common stock may be purchased in the open market and through other privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions. The repurchased shares are held as treasury stock, which may be reissued for general corporate use. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we purchased 224,262 shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of $3.6 million. As of June 30, 2008, there remained 54,973,550 shares that may be purchased under the existing stock repurchase programs.

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
5. Fair Value Measurements
Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157 “Fair Value Measurements,” which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies only to fair value measurements already required or permitted by other accounting standards and does not impose requirements for additional fair value measures. SFAS No. 157 was issued to increase consistency and comparability in reporting fair values. Our adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
The following disclosures, which include certain disclosures which are generally not required in interim period financial statements, are included herein as a result of our adoption of SFAS No. 157.
We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and to determine fair value disclosures. We did not have any liabilities that were measured at fair value at June 30, 2008. Our securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record at fair value other assets or liabilities on a non-recurring basis, such as foreclosed real estate owned, impaired loans and goodwill. These non-recurring fair value adjustments involve the application of lower-of-cost-or-fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets.
In accordance with SFAS No. 157, we group our assets at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:
  Level 1 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.
 
  Level 2 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.
 
  Level 3 — Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect our own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include the use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques. The results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability.
We base our fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS No. 157 requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
Assets that we measure on a recurring basis are limited to our available-for-sale portfolio. Our available-for-sale portfolio is carried at estimated fair value with any unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income/loss in shareholders’ equity. Substantially all of our available-for-sale portfolio consists of mortgage-backed securities and investment securities issued by government-sponsored enterprises. The fair values of these securities are obtained from an independent

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
nationally recognized pricing service. Our independent pricing service provides us with prices which are categorized as Level 2 since quoted prices in active markets for identical assets are generally not available for the majority of securities in our portfolio. Various modeling techniques are used to determine pricing for our mortgage-backed securities, including option pricing and discounted cash flow models. The inputs to these models include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data. We also own equity securities with a carrying value of $7.2 million for which fair values are obtained from quoted market prices in active markets and, as such, are classified as Level 1.
The following table provides the level of valuation assumptions used to determine the carrying value of our assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at June 30, 2008.
                                 
            Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2008  
            Quoted Prices in Active     Significant Other     Significant  
    Carrying     Markets for Identical     Observable Inputs     Unobservable Inputs  
Description   Value     Assets (Level 1)     (Level 2)     (Level 3)  
                    (In thousands)          
 
                               
Available for sale:
                               
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ 7,600,182     $     $ 7,600,182     $  
Investment securities
    3,287,143       7,206       3,279,937        
 
                       
Total available for sale
  $ 10,887,325     $ 7,206     $ 10,880,119     $  
 
                       
Assets that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at June 30, 2008 were limited to commercial and construction loans evaluated for impairment and foreclosed real estate. Impaired loans are individually assessed to determine that the loan’s carrying value is not in excess of the fair value of the collateral, less estimated selling costs, or the present value of the loan’s expected future cash flows. Since all of our impaired loans at June 30, 2008 are secured by real estate, fair value is estimated through current appraisals, where practical, or an inspection and a comparison of the property securing the loan with similar properties in the area by either a licensed appraiser or real estate broker and, as such, are classified as Level 3. Loans evaluated for impairment amounted to $5.8 million at June 30, 2008. Based on this evaluation we established an allowance for loan losses of $400,000 for impaired loans.
Foreclosed real estate represents real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure and is carried, net of an allowance for losses, at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs. Fair value is estimated through current appraisals, where practical, or an inspection and a comparison of the property securing the loan with similar properties in the area by either a licensed appraiser or real estate broker and, as such, is classified as Level 3. Foreclosed real estate at June 30, 2008 amounted to $8.2 million. During the first six months of 2008, charge-offs to the allowance for loan losses related to loans that were transferred to foreclosed real estate amounted to $667,000. Write downs related to foreclosed real estate that were charged to non-interest expense amounted to $514,000 for that same period.

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table provides the level of valuation assumptions used to determine the carrying value of our assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at June 30, 2008.
                         
    Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2008
    Quoted Prices in Active   Significant Other   Significant
    Markets for Identical   Observable Inputs   Unobservable Inputs
Description   Assets (Level 1)   (Level 2)   (Level 3)
            (In thousands)        
Impaired loans
  $     $     $ 5,799  
Foreclosed real estate
                    5,192  
6. Postretirement Plans
We maintain non-contributory retirement and post-retirement plans to cover employees hired prior to August 1, 2005, including retired employees, who have met the eligibility requirements of the plans. Benefits under the qualified and non-qualified defined benefit retirement plans are based primarily on years of service and compensation. Funding of the qualified retirement plan is actuarially determined on an annual basis. It is our policy to fund the qualified retirement plan sufficiently to meet the minimum requirements set forth in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. The non-qualified retirement plan, which is maintained for certain employees, is unfunded.
In 2005, we limited participation in the non-contributory retirement plan and the post-retirement benefit plan to those employees hired on or before July 31, 2005. We also placed a cap on paid medical expenses at the 2007 rate, beginning in 2008, for those eligible employees who retire after December 31, 2005. As part of our acquisition of Sound Federal in 2006, participation in the Sound Federal retirement plans and the accrual of benefits for such plans were frozen as of the acquisition date.

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The components of the net periodic expense for the plans were as follows:
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended June 30,  
    Retirement Plans     Other Benefits  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
            (In thousands)          
Service cost
  $ 881     $ 810     $ 253     $ 268  
Interest cost
    1,682       1,569       544       525  
Expected return on assets
    (2,135 )     (2,034 )            
Amortization of:
                               
Net loss
    81       37       141       144  
Unrecognized prior service cost
    82       69       (391 )     (391 )
 
                       
Net periodic benefit cost
  $ 591     $ 451     $ 547     $ 546  
 
                       
                                 
    For the Six Months Ended June 30,  
    Retirement Plans     Other Benefits  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
            (In thousands)          
Service cost
    1,762       1,620       506       536  
Interest cost
    3,364       3,138       1,088       1,050  
Expected return on assets
    (4,270 )     (4,068 )            
Amortization of:
                               
Net loss
    162       74       282       288  
Unrecognized prior service cost
    164       138       (782 )     (782 )
 
                       
Net periodic benefit cost
    1,182       902       1,094       1,092  
 
                       
We made no contributions to the pension plans during the first six months of 2008 or 2007.

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
7. Stock Option Plans
A summary of the changes in outstanding stock options is as follows:
                                 
    Six Months Ended June 30,
    2008   2007
    Number of   Weighted   Number of   Weighted
    Stock   Average   Stock   Average
    Options   Exercise Price   Options   Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of period
    29,080,114     $ 7.91       26,979,989     $ 6.89  
Granted
    4,025,000       15.96       3,477,500       13.74  
Exercised
    (1,133,031 )     3.78       (870,728 )     2.73  
Forfeited
                (66,740 )     10.03  
 
                               
Outstanding at end of period
    31,972,083       9.07       29,520,021       7.65  
 
                               
In June 2006, our shareholders approved the Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (the “SIP Plan”) authorizing us to grant up to 30,000,000 shares of common stock. In July 2006, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. (the “Committee”), authorized grants to each non-employee director, executive officers and other employees to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, pursuant to the SIP Plan. Grants were made in 2006 and 2007 pursuant to the SIP Plan for 7,960,000 and 3,527,500 options, respectively, at an exercise price equal to the fair value of our common stock on the grant date, based on quoted market prices. Of these options, 4,535,000 have vesting periods ranging from one to five years and an expiration period of ten years. The remaining 6,952,500 shares have vesting periods ranging from two to three years if certain financial performance measures are met. We have determined it is probable these performance measures will be met and have therefore recorded compensation expense for the 2006 and 2007 grants.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Committee authorized stock option grants (the “2008 grants”) pursuant to the SIP Plan for 4,025,000 options at an exercise price equal to the fair value of our common stock on the grant date, based on quoted market prices. Of these options, 3,525,000 will vest in January 2011 if certain financial performance measures are met. The remaining 500,000 options will vest between January and April 2009. The 2008 grants have an expiration period of ten years. We have determined it is probable these performance measures will be met and have therefore recorded compensation expense for the 2008 grants.
The fair value of the 2008 grants was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions. The per share weighted-average fair value of the options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $2.76.
         
    2008
Expected dividend yield
    2.30 %
Expected volatility
    20.61 %
Risk-free interest rate
    2.82 %
Expected option life
  5.3 years
Compensation expense related to our outstanding stock options amounted to $3.8 million and $3.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $7.5 million and $6.3 million, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.


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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
8.   Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position, or FSP, No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions are Participating Securities,” which addresses whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore, need to be included in the earnings allocation in computing EPS under the two-class method described in SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.” The FSP concluded that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of EPS pursuant to the two-class method. Our restricted stock awards are considered participating securities. FSP No. EITF 03-6-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years. All prior-period EPS data presented shall be adjusted retrospectively to conform with the provisions of the FSP. Early application is not permitted. FSP No. EITF 03-6-1 is not expected to have a material impact on our computation of EPS.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”, which identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” We do not expect SFAS No. 162 will have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or financial statement disclosures.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133”, which requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities and thereby improves the transparency of financial reporting. SFAS No. 161 requires entities to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 also requires that objectives for using derivative instruments be disclosed in terms of underlying risk and accounting designation. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. We do not expect SFAS No. 161 will have a material impact on our financial statement disclosures.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51”, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 clarifies that a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 160 requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. A parent deconsolidates a subsidiary as of the date the parent ceases to have a controlling financial interest in the subsidiary. If a parent retains a non-controlling equity investment in the former subsidiary, that investment is measured at its fair value. The gain or loss on the deconsolidation of the subsidiary is measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment. SFAS No. 160 requires expanded disclosures in the consolidated financial statements that clearly identify and distinguish between the interest of the parent’s owners and the interests of the non-controlling owners of a subsidiary. This includes a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the equity attributable to the parent and the non-controlling owners and a schedule showing the effects of changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary on the equity attributable to the parent. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years,

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
beginning on or after December 15, 2008 (that is, January 1, 2009, for Hudson City Bancorp). Earlier adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 160 shall be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which this statement is initially applied, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements. The presentation and disclosure requirements shall be applied retrospectively for all periods. We do not expect SFAS No. 160 will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(r), (as amended), “Business Combinations.” This Statement applies to all transactions or other events in which an entity (the acquirer) obtains control of one or more businesses (the acquirer), including those sometimes referred to as “true mergers” or “mergers of equals” and combinations achieved without the transfer of consideration, for example, by contract alone or through the lapse of minority veto rights. This Statement replaces SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.” This Statement retains the fundamental requirements in SFAS No. 141 that the acquisition method of accounting (which SFAS No. 141 called the purchase method ) be used for all business combinations and for an acquirer to be identified for each business combination. SFAS No. 141(r) defines the acquirer as the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the business combination and establishes the acquisition date as the date that the acquirer achieves control. The scope of SFAS No. 141(r) is broader than that of SFAS No. 141, which applied only to business combinations in which control was obtained by transferring consideration.
SFAS No. 141(r) retains the guidance in SFAS No. 141 for identifying and recognizing intangible assets separately from goodwill. SFAS No. 141(r) requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions. That replaces SFAS No. 141’s cost-allocation process, which required the cost of an acquisition to be allocated to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. SFAS No. 141’s guidance resulted in not recognizing some assets and liabilities at the acquisition date, and it also resulted in measuring some assets and liabilities at amounts other than their fair values at the acquisition date. For example, SFAS No. 141 required the acquirer to include the costs incurred to effect the acquisition (acquisition-related costs) in the cost of the acquisition that was allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. This Statement requires those costs to be recognized separately from the acquisition. In addition, in accordance with SFAS No. 141, restructuring costs that the acquirer expected but was not obligated to incur were recognized as if they were a liability assumed at the acquisition date. SFAS No. 141(r) requires the acquirer to recognize those costs separately from the business combination.
This Statement applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date. The effective date of this Statement is the same as that of the related SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements.” We do not expect SFAS No. 141(r) will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
In June 2007, the FASB issued Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 06-11, “Accounting for Income Tax Benefits of Dividends on Share-Based Payment Awards”. EITF Issue No. 06-11 addresses a company’s recognition of an income tax benefit received on dividends that are (a) paid to employees holding equity-classified non-vested shares, equity-classified non-vested share units, or equity-classified outstanding share options and (b) charged to retained earnings under SFAS No. 123(R). The EITF reached a consensus that a realized income tax benefit from dividends or dividend equivalents that are charged to retained earnings and are paid to employees for equity classified nonvested equity shares, nonvested equity share units, and outstanding equity share options should be recognized as an increase to additional paid-in

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Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
capital. The amount recognized in additional paid-in capital for the realized income tax benefit from dividends on those awards should be included in the pool of excess tax benefits available to absorb tax deficiencies on share-based payment awards. Unrealized income tax benefits from dividends on equity-classified employee share-based payment awards should be excluded from the pool of excess tax benefits available to absorb potential future tax deficiencies. The accounting treatment of the income tax benefits from these dividends would be applied on a prospective basis. EITF Issue No. 06-11 is effective for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2007. We adopted EITF Issue No. 06-11 as of January 1, 2008 and its adoption did not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 155”, which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. At the effective date, an entity may elect the fair value option for eligible items that exist at that date and report the effect of the first remeasurement to fair value as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. Subsequent to the effective date, unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are to be reported in earnings. If the fair value option is elected for any available-for-sale or held-to-maturity securities at the effective date, cumulative unrealized gains and losses at that date are included in the cumulative-effect adjustment and those securities are to be reported as trading securities under SFAS No. 115, but the accounting for a transfer to the trading category under SFAS No. 115 does not apply. Electing the fair value option for an existing held-to-maturity security will not call into question the intent of an entity to hold other debt securities to maturity in the future. SFAS No. 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that chose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 159 does not affect any existing accounting literature that requires certain assets and liabilities to be carried at fair value and does not eliminate disclosure requirements included in other accounting standards. SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. We adopted SFAS No. 159 as of January 1, 2008. We did not elect the fair value option for eligible items that existed as of January 1, 2008 (the adoption date) or during the first six months of 2008.

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Item 2. — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Executive Summary
We continue to focus on our traditional thrift business model by growing our franchise through the origination and purchase of one- to four-family mortgage loans and funding this loan production with borrowings and growth in deposit accounts.
Our results of operations depend primarily on net interest income, which, in part, is a direct result of the market interest rate environment. Net interest income is the difference between the interest income we earn on our interest-earning assets, primarily mortgage loans, mortgage-backed securities and investment securities, and the interest we pay on our interest-bearing liabilities, primarily time deposits, interest-bearing transaction accounts and borrowed funds. Net interest income is affected by the shape of the market yield curve, the timing of the placement and repricing of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities on our balance sheet, and the prepayment rate on our mortgage-related assets. Our results of operations may also be affected significantly by general and local economic and competitive conditions, particularly those with respect to changes in market interest rates, credit quality, government policies and actions of regulatory authorities. Our results are also affected by the market price of our stock, as the expense of our employee stock ownership plan is related to the current price of our common stock.
The Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank (“FOMC”) decreased the overnight lending rate by 200 basis points during the first quarter of 2008 and an additional 25 basis points during the second quarter of 2008 to 2.00%. This followed a 50 basis point reduction in the fourth quarter of 2007. The large decrease in the overnight lending rate was in response to the continued liquidity crisis in the credit markets and recessionary concerns. As a result, short-term market interest rates decreased during the first six months of 2008. Longer-term market interest rates also decreased during the first six months of 2008, but at a slower pace than the short-term interest rates and, as a result, the yield curve continued to steepen. Notwithstanding the decrease in long-term market interest rates noted above, mortgage rates have maintained a wider credit spread resulting in higher yields on mortgage loans relative to U.S. Treasury securities. However, the sharp decline of short-term interest rates during the first half of 2008 resulted in lower deposit costs. As a result, our net interest rate spread and net interest margin increased from both the second quarter and first six months of 2007.
Net income amounted to $110.7 million for the second quarter of 2008, as compared to $72.7 million for the second quarter of 2007. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, net income amounted to $199.4 million as compared to $143.9 million for the 2007 period. For the three months ended June 30, 2008, our annualized return on average assets and average stockholders’ equity were 0.93% and 9.27%, respectively compared with 0.75% and 6.06% for the second quarter of 2007. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, our annualized return on average assets and average stockholders’ equity were 0.86% and 8.44%, respectively as compared to 0.77% and 5.93% for the first six months of 2007. The increases in our annualized returns on average equity and average assets are due primarily to the increase in our net income during the second quarter and first six months of 2008 as compared to the second quarter and first six months of 2007. The increases in our annualized returns on average equity were also due to decreases in average shareholders’ equity due to significant stock repurchases during 2007.
Net interest income increased $75.4 million, or 47.8%, to $233.1 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $157.7 million for the second quarter of 2007. Net interest income increased $112.3 million, or 35.8%, to $426.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to $314.1 million for the

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corresponding period in 2007. During the second quarter of 2008, our net interest rate spread increased 46 basis points to 1.56% and our net interest margin increased 32 basis points to 1.97% as compared to the second quarter of 2007. During the first six months of 2008, our net interest rate spread increased 32 basis points to 1.42% and our net interest margin increased 18 basis points to 1.85% as compared to the same period in 2007. The increases in our net interest rate spread and net interest margin were due to a steeper yield curve which allowed us to reduce deposit costs while mortgage yields generally remained stable.
The provision for loan losses amounted to $3.0 million for the second quarter of 2008 and $5.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to $500,000 and $800,000 for the same respective periods in 2007. The increase in the provision for loan losses reflects the risks inherent in our loan portfolio due to decreases in real estate values in our lending markets, the increase in non-performing loans and the overall growth of our loan portfolio. The ratio of non-performing loans to total loans was 0.43% at June 30, 2008 as compared to 0.33% at December 31, 2007. The increase in non-performing loans reflects the general weakening of the overall economy, which according to some economists may be bordering on or already in a recession, coupled with the continued deterioration of the housing market. The conditions in the housing market are evidenced by declining house prices, reduced levels of home sales, increasing inventories of houses on the market, and an increase in the length of time houses remain on the market.
Total non-interest expense increased $7.4 million, or 18.1%, to $48.3 million for the second quarter of 2008 from $40.9 million for the second quarter of 2007. The increase is primarily due to a $5.5 million increase in compensation and employee benefits expense, a $1.6 million increase in other non-interest expense and a $363,000 increase in net occupancy expense. Total non-interest expense increased $14.4 million, or 17.6%, to $96.4 million for the first six months of 2008 from $82.0 million for the first six months of 2007. The increase is primarily due to an $11.2 million increase in compensation and employee benefits expense and a $2.6 million increase in other non-interest expense. The increases in non-interest expenses were due primarily to various operating expenses related to the growth of our branch network and our increased retail loan production. At June 30, 2008 we had 121 branches as compared to 115 at June 30, 2007.
We have been able to grow our assets by 10.7% to $49.16 billion at June 30, 2008 from $44.42 billion at December 31, 2007, by originating and purchasing mortgage loans and purchasing mortgage-backed securities. Loans increased $3.04 billion to $27.24 billion at June 30, 2008 from $24.20 billion at December 31, 2007. While conditions in the housing markets weakened further during 2008, our competitive rates and the decreased lending competition have resulted in increased origination activity.
Total securities increased $1.56 billion to $20.30 billion at June 30, 2008 from $18.74 billion at December 31, 2007. The increase in securities was primarily due to purchases of mortgage-backed and investment securities of $3.67 billion and $1.90 billion, respectively, partially offset by principal collections on mortgage-backed securities of $1.28 billion and calls of investment securities $2.69 billion.
The increase in our total assets was funded primarily by borrowings and customer deposits. Borrowed funds increased $3.34 billion to $27.48 billion at June 30, 2008 from $24.14 billion at December 31, 2007. Deposits increased $1.57 billion to $16.72 billion at June 30, 2008 from $15.15 billion at December 31, 2007. The increase in deposits was attributable to growth in our time deposits and money market accounts. The increase in these accounts was a result of our competitive pricing strategies that focused on attracting these types of deposits as well as customer preferences for time deposits rather than other types of deposit accounts.

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Comparison of Financial Condition at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007
During the first six months of 2008, our total assets increased $4.74 billion, or 10.7%, to $49.16 billion at June 30, 2008 from $44.42 billion at December 31, 2007.
Loans increased $3.04 billion, or 12.6%, to $27.24 billion at June 30, 2008 from $24.20 billion at December 31, 2007 due primarily to the origination of one-to four- family first mortgage loans in New Jersey, New York and Connecticut and our continued loan purchase activity. For the first six months of 2008, we originated $2.42 billion and purchased $2.17 billion of loans, compared to originations of $1.60 billion and purchases of $2.37 billion for the comparable period in 2007. The origination and purchases of loans were partially offset by principal repayments of $1.54 billion in the first six months of 2008 as compared to $1.15 billion for the first six months of 2007. During the second quarter of 2008, we originated $1.60 billion as compared to $820.4 million during the first quarter of 2008. While the residential real estate markets have weakened considerably during the past year, our competitive rates and the decreased mortgage lending competition have resulted in increased retail origination activity for the first six months of 2008, particularly during the second quarter. During the second quarter of 2008, we purchased $1.63 billion of loans as compared to $543.4 million during the first quarter of 2008. This increase was due primarily to the purchases of two pools of seasoned fixed-rate residential loans totaling $1.19 billion. Notwithstanding these purchases, the overall decrease in the purchase of mortgage loans was due primarily to the continued reduction of activity in the secondary residential mortgage market as a result of the disruption and volatility in the financial and capital marketplaces. At June 30, 2008, commitments to originate and purchase mortgage loans amounted to $672.1 million and $203.6 million, respectively as compared to $405.9 million and $575.8 million, respectively at June 30, 2007.
Our first mortgage loan originations and purchases were substantially in one-to four-family mortgage loans. Approximately 53.0% of mortgage loan originations were variable-rate loans. Substantially all purchased mortgage loans were fixed-rate loans since variable-rate loans available for purchase are typically outside of our defined geographic parameters and include features, such as option ARM’s, that do not meet our underwriting standards. Fixed-rate mortgage loans accounted for 80.0% of our first mortgage loan portfolio at June 30, 2008 and 80.5% at December 31, 2007.
Total mortgage-backed securities increased $2.37 billion to $16.94 billion at June 30, 2008 from $14.57 billion at December 31, 2007. This increase in total mortgage-backed securities resulted from $3.94 billion in purchases, all of which were issued by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. The increase was partially offset by repayments of $1.28 billion. At June 30, 2008, variable-rate mortgage-backed securities accounted for 80.7% of our portfolio compared with 82.3% at December 31, 2007. The purchase of variable-rate mortgage-backed securities is a component of our interest rate risk management strategy. Since our primary lending activities are the origination and purchase of fixed-rate mortgage loans, the purchase of variable-rate mortgage-backed securities provides us with an asset that reduces our exposure to interest rate fluctuations.
Total investment securities decreased $815.2 million to $3.36 billion at June 30, 2008 as compared to $4.17 billion at December 31, 2007. Investment securities held to maturity decreased $1.34 billion partially offset by a $521.7 million increase in investment securities available for sale. The decrease in total investment securities was the result of calls of held to maturity and available for sale investment securities of $1.34 billion and $1.35 billion, respectively. The calls were partially offset by purchases of investment securities available for sale of $1.90 billion for the first six months of 2008. We did not purchase any investment securities classified as held to maturity during the first six months of 2008.

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Our available for sale portfolio is carried at estimated fair value on a recurring basis, with any unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income/loss in shareholders’ equity. We base our fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS No. 157 requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Substantially all of our available-for-sale portfolio consists of mortgage-backed securities and investment securities issued by government-sponsored enterprises. As such, we believe the fair values of these securities have been more stable than other debt securities in the marketplace. The fair values of these securities are obtained from an independent nationally recognized pricing service. Our independent pricing service provides us with prices which are categorized as Level 2 since quoted prices in active markets for identical assets are generally not available for the majority of securities in our portfolio. Various modeling techniques are used to determine pricing for our mortgage-backed securities, including option pricing and discounted cash flow models. The inputs to these models include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data. We also own equity securities with a carrying value of $7.2 million for which fair values are obtained from quoted market prices in active markets and, as such, are classified as Level 1.
Total cash and cash equivalents decreased $31.9 million to $185.6 million at June 30, 2008 as compared to $217.5 million at December 31, 2007. Accrued interest receivable increased $32.6 million, primarily due to increased balances in loans and investments. Other assets increased by $28.1 million primarily due to an increase in deferred tax assets reflecting the tax effect of the change in net unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale.
Total liabilities increased $4.64 billion, or 11.7%, to $44.45 billion at June 30, 2008 from $39.81 billion at December 31, 2007. The increase in total liabilities primarily reflected a $3.34 billion increase in borrowed funds and a $1.57 billion increase in deposits. The increase in borrowed funds was the result of $3.70 billion of new borrowings at a weighted-average rate of 3.01%, partially offset by repayments of $366.0 million with a weighted average rate of 3.93%. The new borrowings have final maturities of ten years and initial call dates of two to three years. The additional borrowed funds were used primarily to fund our asset growth. Borrowed funds at June 30, 2008 were comprised of $13.93 billion of Federal Home Loan Bank advances and $13.55 billion of securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
The increase in total deposits reflected a $574.5 million increase in our time deposits, an $849.5 million increase in our money market checking accounts and a $113.1 million increase in our demand accounts. The increase in our time deposits and money market checking accounts reflects our competitive pricing, our branch expansion and customer preference for these types of deposits. At June 30, 2008 we had 121 branches as compared to 115 at June 30, 2007. We anticipate opening 6 new branches during the second half of 2008.
Other liabilities increased to $245.2 million at June 30, 2008 as compared to $236.4 million at December 31, 2007. The increase is primarily the result of an increase in accrued interest payable on borrowings of $13.2 million. Due to brokers amounted to $12.9 million at June 30, 2008 as compared to $281.9 million at December 31, 2007. Due to brokers at June 30, 2008 represents securities purchased in the second quarter of 2008 with settlement dates in the third quarter of 2008.
Total shareholders’ equity increased $98.3 million to $4.71 billion at June 30, 2008 from $4.61 billion at December 31, 2007. The increase was primarily due to net income of $199.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008. These increases to shareholders’ equity were partially offset by cash dividends paid

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to common shareholders of $96.7 million and repurchases of our common stock for at an aggregate cost of $3.6 million.
As of June 30, 2008, 54,973,550 shares were available for repurchase under our existing stock repurchase program. During the first six months of 2008, we repurchased 224,262 shares of our outstanding common stock at a total cost of $3.6 million as compared to 26.8 million shares repurchased during the same period in 2007 at a total cost of $357.6 million. We repurchased fewer shares in the first six months of 2008 because we were able to leverage our capital more effectively by growing our balance sheet as the yield curve became steeper.
The accumulated other comprehensive loss of $10.2 million at June 30, 2008 includes a $7.0 million after-tax net unrealized loss on securities available for sale ($12.0 million pre-tax). We invest primarily in mortgage-backed securities issued by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, as well as other securities issued by U.S. government—sponsored enterprises. We do not purchase unrated or private label mortgage-backed securities or other higher risk securities such as those backed by sub-prime loans. In addition, we do not own any common or preferred stock issued by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. The unrealized loss in the available for sale portfolio at June 30, 2008 was caused by increases in market yields subsequent to purchase and is not attributable to credit quality concerns. There were no debt securities past due or securities for which the Company currently believes it is not probable that it will collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the security. Because the Company has the intent and the ability to hold securities with unrealized losses until a market price recovery (which, for debt securities may be until maturity), the Company did not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2008.
At June 30, 2008, our shareholders’ equity to asset ratio was 9.58%. Our book value per share, using the period-end number of outstanding shares, less purchased but unallocated employee stock ownership plan shares and less purchased but unvested recognition and retention plan shares, was $9.73 at June 30, 2008 as compared to $9.55 at December 31, 2007. Our tangible book value per share, calculated by deducting goodwill and the core deposit intangible from shareholders’ equity, was $9.40 as of June 30, 2008 and $9.22 at December 31, 2007.

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Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
Average Balance Sheet. The following table presents the average balance sheets, average yields and costs and certain other information for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The table presents the annualized average yield on interest-earning assets and the annualized average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. We derived the yields and costs by dividing annualized income or expense by the average balance of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown. We derived average balances from daily balances over the periods indicated. Interest income includes fees that we considered to be adjustments to yields. Yields on tax-exempt obligations were not computed on a tax equivalent basis. Nonaccrual loans were included in the computation of average balances and therefore have a zero yield. The yields set forth below include the effect of deferred loan origination fees and costs, and purchase discounts and premiums that are amortized or accreted to interest income.
                                                 
    For the Three Months Ended June 30,  
    2008     2007  
                    Average                     Average  
    Average             Yield/     Average             Yield/  
    Balance     Interest     Cost     Balance     Interest     Cost  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
Assets:
                                               
Interest-earnings assets:
                                               
First mortgage loans, net (1)
  $ 25,708,148     $ 369,096       5.74 %   $ 20,437,687     $ 289,772       5.67 %
Consumer and other loans
    426,390       6,877       6.45       428,474       7,078       6.61  
Federal funds sold
    244,780       1,205       1.98       195,085       2,548       5.24  
Mortgage-backed securities at amortized cost
    16,308,532       212,571       5.21       10,673,572       136,368       5.11  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    774,089       13,993       7.23       567,694       8,747       6.16  
Investment securities, at amortized cost
    3,488,540       42,918       4.92       5,615,664       66,981       4.77  
 
                                       
Total interest-earning assets
    46,950,479       646,660       5.51       37,918,176       511,494       5.40  
 
                                       
Noninterest-earnings assets
    817,708                       607,385                  
 
                                           
Total Assets
  $ 47,768,187                     $ 38,525,561                  
 
                                           
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
                                               
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Savings accounts
  $ 736,421       1,382       0.75     $ 790,499       1,639       0.83  
Interest-bearing transaction accounts
    1,595,180       11,788       2.97       1,878,714       15,799       3.37  
Money market accounts
    2,146,642       16,570       3.10       1,019,661       9,836       3.87  
Time deposits
    11,417,332       111,659       3.93       9,736,187       119,158       4.91  
 
                                       
Total interest-bearing deposits
    15,895,575       141,399       3.58       13,425,061       146,432       4.37  
 
                                       
Repurchase agreements
    12,884,615       134,454       4.20       9,383,033       98,186       4.20  
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York advances
    13,345,879       137,675       4.15       10,191,209       109,218       4.30  
 
                                       
Total borrowed funds
    26,230,494       272,129       4.17       19,574,242       207,404       4.25  
 
                                       
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    42,126,069       413,528       3.95       32,999,303       353,836       4.30  
 
                                       
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Noninterest-bearing deposits
    588,089                       527,819                  
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities
    276,299                       205,159                  
 
                                           
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities
    864,388                       732,978                  
 
                                           
Total liabilities
    42,990,457                       33,732,281                  
Shareholders’ equity
    4,777,730                       4,793,280                  
 
                                           
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 47,768,187                     $ 38,525,561                  
 
                                           
Net interest income/net interest rate spread (2)
          $ 233,132       1.56             $ 157,658       1.10  
 
                                           
Net interest-earning assets/net interest margin (3)
  $ 4,824,410               1.97 %   $ 4,918,873               1.65 %
 
                                           
Ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities
                    1.11                     1.15
 
(1)   Amount includes deferred loan costs and non-performing loans and is net of the allowance for loan losses.
 
(2)   Determined by subtracting the annualized weighted average cost of total interest-bearing liabilities from the annualized weighted average yield on total interest-earning assets.
 
(3)   Determined by dividing annualized net interest income by total average interest-earning assets.

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General. Net income was $110.7 million for the second quarter of 2008, an increase of $38.0 million, or 52.3%, compared with net income of $72.7 million for the second quarter of 2007. Basic and diluted earnings per common share were $0.23 and $0.22, respectively, for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $0.14 for both basic and diluted earnings per share for the second quarter of 2007. For the three months ended June 30, 2008, our annualized return on average shareholders’ equity was 9.27%, compared with 6.06% for the comparable period in 2007. Our annualized return on average assets for the second quarter of 2008 was 0.93% as compared to 0.75% for the second quarter of 2007. The increase in the annualized return on average equity and assets is primarily due to the increase in net income during the second quarter of 2008. The increase in the annualized return on average equity is also due to a $15.6 million decrease in average stockholders’ equity for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to the second quarter of 2007 due primarily to an increase in treasury stock as a result of our significant stock repurchases during 2007.
Interest and Dividend Income. Total interest and dividend income for the second quarter of 2008 increased $135.2 million, or 26.4%, to $646.7 million as compared to $511.5 million for the second quarter of 2007. The increase in total interest and dividend income was primarily due to a $9.03 billion, or 23.8%, increase in the average balance of total interest-earning assets to $46.95 billion for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $37.92 billion for the second quarter of 2007. The increase in interest and dividend income was also partially due to an increase of 11 basis points in the annualized weighted-average yield on total interest-earning assets to 5.51% for the three month period ended June 30, 2008 from 5.40% for the comparable period in 2007.
Interest on first mortgage loans increased $79.3 million to $369.1 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $289.8 million for the same period in 2007. This was primarily due to a $5.27 billion increase in the average balance of first mortgage loans, which reflected our continued emphasis on the growth of our mortgage loan portfolio. The increase in first mortgage loan income was also due to a 7 basis point increase in the weighted-average yield to 5.74%. Notwithstanding the decrease in long-term market interest rates noted above, competitive mortgage rates have maintained a wider credit spread resulting in higher yields on mortgage loans relative to U.S. Treasury securities.
Interest on consumer and other loans decreased to $6.9 million for the second quarter of 2008 from $7.1 million for the second quarter of 2007. The average balance of consumer and other loans decreased $2.1 million to $426.4 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $428.5 million for the second quarter of 2007 and the average yield earned decreased 16 basis points to 6.45% as compared to 6.61% for the same respective periods.
Interest on mortgage-backed securities increased $76.2 million to $212.6 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $136.4 million for the second quarter of 2007. This increase was due primarily to a $5.64 billion increase in the average balance of mortgage-backed securities to $16.31 billion during the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $10.67 billion during the second quarter of 2007, and a 10 basis point increase in the weighted-average yield to 5.21%.
The increases in the average balances of mortgage-backed securities were due to purchases of variable-rate mortgage-backed securities as part of our interest rate risk management strategy. Since our primary lending activities are the origination and purchase of fixed-rate mortgage loans, the purchase of variable-rate mortgage-backed securities provides us with an asset that reduces our exposure to interest rate fluctuations while providing a source of cash flow from monthly principal and interest payments. The increase in the weighted average yields on mortgage-backed securities is a result of the purchase of new

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securities during 2007 when market interest rates were higher than the yield earned on the existing portfolio.
Interest on investment securities decreased $24.1 million to $42.9 million during the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $67.0 million for the second quarter of 2007. This decrease was due primarily to a $2.13 billion decrease in the average balance of investment securities to $3.49 billion. The decrease in the average balance of investment securities was due to increased call activity as a result of the decrease in market rates of securities with a shorter duration during the second half of 2007 and first six months of 2008. The average yield on investment securities increased 15 basis points to 4.92%.
Dividends on FHLB stock increased $5.3 million or 60.9% to $14.0 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $8.7 million for the second quarter of 2007. This increase was due to a $206.4 million increase in the average balance to $774.1 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $567.7 million for the same quarter in 2007. The increase was also due to a 107 basis point increase in the average yield to 7.23% as compared to 6.16% for the same period last year.
Interest Expense. Total interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2008 increased $59.7 million, or 16.9%, to $413.5 million as compared to $353.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. This increase was primarily due to a $9.13 billion, or 27.7%, increase in the average balance of total interest-bearing liabilities to $42.13 billion for the quarter ended June 30, 2008 compared with $33.00 billion for the second quarter of 2007. This increase in interest-bearing liabilities was primarily used to fund asset growth. The increase in the average balance of total interest-bearing liabilities was partially offset by a 35 basis point decrease in the weighted-average cost of total interest-bearing liabilities to 3.95% for the quarter ended June 30, 2008 compared with 4.30% for the quarter ended June 30, 2007.
Interest expense on our time deposit accounts decreased $7.5 million to $111.7 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $119.2 million for the second quarter of 2007. This decrease was due to a decrease in the annualized weighted-average cost of 98 basis points to 3.93%. This decrease was partially offset by a $1.68 billion increase in the average balance of time deposit accounts to $11.42 billion from $9.74 billion for the second quarter of 2007. Interest expense on money market accounts increased $6.8 million to $16.6 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $9.8 million for the same quarter in 2007. This increase was due to a $1.13 billion increase in the average balance to $2.15 billion, partially offset by a 77 basis point decrease in the annualized weighted-average cost to 3.10%. The increase in our time deposits and money market checking accounts reflects our competitive pricing, our branch expansion and customer preference for short-term deposit products. Interest expense on our interest-bearing transaction accounts decreased $4.0 million to $11.8 million for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to $15.8 million for the second quarter of 2007. This decrease was primarily due to a $283.5 million decrease in the average balance to $1.60 billion, and a 40 basis point decrease in the annualized weighted average cost to 2.97%. The decrease in our interest-bearing transaction accounts reflected customer preferences for higher-yielding time and money market deposit products.
Interest expense on borrowed funds increased $64.7 million to $272.1 million as compared to $207.4 million for the second quarter of 2007 primarily due to a $6.66 billion increase in the average balance of borrowed funds to $26.23 billion. The weighted average cost of borrowed funds decreased eight basis points to 4.17% for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to 4.25% for the second quarter of 2007.
Borrowed funds were primarily used to fund the growth in interest-earning assets. The decrease in the average cost of borrowings for the second quarter of 2008 reflected new borrowings in 2008, when

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market interest rates were lower than existing borrowings, and borrowings that were called. Substantially all of our borrowings are callable quarterly at the discretion of the lender after an initial non-call period of one to five years with a final maturity of ten years. Based on the lower market interest rates as of June 30, 2008, we anticipate that none of the borrowings with call dates in 2008 will be called.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased $75.4 million, or 47.8%, to $233.1 million for the second quarter of 2008 compared with $157.7 million for the second quarter of 2007. Our net interest rate spread increased 46 basis points to 1.56% for the second quarter of 2008 from 1.10% for the comparable period in 2007. Our net interest margin increased 32 basis points to 1.97% for the second quarter of 2008 from 1.65% for the comparable period in 2007. For the month of June 2008, our net interest margin was 2.06%.
The increase in our net interest margin and net interest rate spread was primarily due to the 11 basis point increase in the weighted-average yield on interest-earning assets compared with the weighted-average cost of interest-bearing liabilities which decreased by 35 basis points for the three months ended June 30, 2008. The decreases in market interest rates during the second half of 2007 and the first six months of 2008 allowed us to lower the cost of our interest-bearing liabilities, primarily our deposits, while mortgage yields remained stable. As a result, our net interest rate margin and net interest rate spread increased during the second quarter of 2008.
Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses amounted to $3.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2008 as compared to $500,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2007. The allowance for loan losses amounted to $39.1 million and $34.7 million at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. We recorded our provision for loan losses during the first six months of 2008 based on our allowance for loan losses methodology that considers a number of quantitative and qualitative factors, including the amount of non-performing loans, which increased to $116.3 million at June 30, 2008 as compared to $79.4 million at December 31, 2007. See “Critical Accounting Policies — Allowance for Loan Losses.”
Due to the homogeneous nature of our loan portfolio, our evaluation of the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses is performed substantially on a pooled basis. A component of our methodology includes assigning potential loss factors to the payment status of multiple residential loan categories with the objective of assessing the potential risk inherent in each loan type. We also consider growth in the loan portfolio in our determination of the allowance for loan losses. These factors are periodically reviewed for appropriateness giving consideration to charge-off history, delinquency trends, the results of our foreclosed property transactions and market conditions. We use this systematic methodology as a tool, together with qualitative analysis performed by our Asset Quality Committee to estimate the allowance for loan losses. Other key factors we consider in this process are current real estate market conditions in geographic areas where our loans are located, changes in the trend of non-performing loans, the current state of the local and national economy, changes in interest rates, the results of our foreclosed property transactions and loan portfolio growth. Any one or a combination of these events may adversely affect our loan portfolio resulting in increased delinquencies, loan losses and future levels of provisions.
Our primary lending emphasis is the origination and purchase of one- to four-family first mortgage loans on residential properties and, to a lesser extent, second mortgage loans on one- to four-family residential properties. Our loan growth was primarily concentrated in one- to four-family mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios of less than 80%. The average loan-to-value ratio of our 2008 originations was 61%. The value of the property used as collateral for our loans is dependent upon local market conditions. As part of our estimation of the allowance for loan losses, we monitor changes in the values of homes in each

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market using indices published by various organizations. Based on our analysis of the data for the first six months of 2008, we concluded that home values in the Northeast quadrant of the United States, where most of our lending activity occurs, deteriorated during 2007 and the first half of 2008 as evidenced by reduced levels of sales, increasing inventories of houses on the market, declining house prices and an increase in the length of time houses remain on the market. In addition, general economic conditions in the United States have also worsened as evidenced by slower economic growth. We considered these trends in economic and market conditions in determining the provision for loan losses also taking into account the continued growth of our loan portfolio.
We define the Northeast quadrant of the country generally as those states that are east of the Mississippi River and as far south as South Carolina. At June 30, 2008, approximately 69% of our total loans are in the New York metropolitan area. Additionally, the states of Virginia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts and Michigan accounted for 6%, 5%, 5%, 3% and 2%, respectively of total loans. The remaining 10% of the loan portfolio is secured by real estate primarily in the Northeast quadrant of the United States. With respect to our non-performing loans, approximately 63% are in the New York metropolitan area and 6%, 6%, 4%, 3% and 6% are located in the states of Virginia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts and Michigan. The remaining 12% of our non-performing loans are secured by real estate primarily in the Northeast quadrant of the United States.
The second half of 2007 and first half of 2008 have been highlighted by significant disruption and volatility in the financial and capital marketplaces. This turbulence has been attributable to a variety of factors, including the fallout associated with the sub-prime mortgage market. One aspect of this fallout has been significant deterioration in the activity of the secondary residential mortgage market and the lack of available liquidity that previously existed through securitization transactions. The disruptions have been exacerbated by the acceleration of the decline of the real estate and housing market. We continue to closely monitor the local and national real estate markets and other factors related to risks inherent in our loan portfolio. Sub-prime mortgage lending, which has been the riskiest sector of the residential housing market, is not a market in which we participate. We continue to adhere to prudent underwriting standards. However, we determined the provision for loan losses for the second quarter of 2008 based on our evaluation of the foregoing factors, the growth of the loan portfolio and the recent increases in non-performing loans and net loan charge-offs.
At June 30, 2008, first mortgage loans secured by one-to four-family properties accounted for 98.2% of total loans. Fixed-rate mortgage loans represent 80.0% of our first mortgage loans. Compared to adjustable-rate loans, fixed-rate loans possess less inherent credit risk since loan payments do not change in response to changes in interest rates. In addition, we do not originate or purchase loans with payment options, negative amortization loans or sub-prime loans.
Non-performing loans amounted to $116.3 million at June 30, 2008 as compared to $79.4 million at December 31, 2007. Non-performing loans at June 30, 2008 included $110.1 million of one- to four-family first mortgage loans as compared to $75.8 million at December 31, 2007. The ratio of non-performing loans to total loans was 0.43% at June 30, 2008 compared with 0.33% at December 31, 2007. The allowance for loan losses as a percent of total loans and non-performing loans was 0.14% and 33.60%, respectively at June 30, 2008 as compared to 0.14% and 43.75%, respectively at December 31, 2007. Loans delinquent 60 to 89 days amounted to $60.2 million at June 30, 2008 as compared to $40.6 million at December 31, 2007. Foreclosed real estate amounted to $8.2 million at June 30, 2008 as compared to $4.1 million at December 31, 2007. As a result of our underwriting policies, our borrowers typically have a significant amount of equity, at the time of origination, in the underlying real estate that we use as collateral for our loans. At June 30, 2008, our non-performing mortgage loans had an average loan-to-value ratio of approximately 69% based on the appraised value at the time of origination. Net charge-offs amounted to $694,000 for the second quarter of 2008 as compared to net charge-offs of $36,000 for the comparable period in 2007.

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The increase in charge-offs was related to non-performing residential loans for which appraised values indicated declines in the value of the underlying collateral.
At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, commercial and construction loans evaluated for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan” amounted to $5.8 million and $3.5 million, respectively. Based on this evaluation, we established an allowance for loan losses of $400,000 for loans classified as impaired at June 30, 2008 compared to $268,000 at December 31, 2007.
Although we believe that we have established and maintained the allowance for loan losses at adequate levels, additions may be necessary if future economic and other conditions differ substantially from the current operating environment. Although we use the best information available, the level of the allowance for loan losses remains an estimate that is subject to
significant judgment and short-term change. See “Critical Accounting Policies.”
Non-Interest Income. Total non-interest income was $2.1 million for the second quarter of 2008 compared with $1.8 million for the second quarter of 2007. The increase in non-interest income is primarily due to an increase in service charges on deposits as a result of deposit account growth.
Non-Interest Expense. Total non-interest expense increased $7.4 million, or 18.1%, to $48.3 million for the second quarter of 2008 from $40.9 million for the second quarter of 2007. The increase is primarily due to a $5.5 million increase in compensation and employee benefits expense, a $1.6 million increase in other non-interest expense and a $363,000 increase in net occupancy expense. The increase in compensation and employee benefits expense reflected a $3.1 million increase in expense related to our employee stock ownership plan primarily as a result of increases in our stock price, a $1.3 million increase in compensation costs and a $607,000 increase in stock option plan expense. At June 30, 2008, we had 1,391 full-time equivalent employees as compared to 1,298 at June 30, 2007. The increase in stock option plan expense is due to the grant of options during the first six months of 2008. The increase in other non-interest expense was due primarily to the growth of our branch network and our increased retail loan production. Included in other non-interest expense for the second quarter of 2008 were write-downs on foreclosed real estate of $430,000 (none in 2007).
Our efficiency ratio was 20.52% for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to 25.62% for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Our annualized ratio of non-interest expense to average total assets for the second quarter of 2008 was 0.41% as compared to 0.42% for the second quarter of 2007.
Income Taxes. Income tax expense amounted to $73.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared with $45.5 million for the corresponding period in 2007. Our effective tax rate for the second quarter of 2008 was 39.82% compared with 38.48% for the second quarter of 2007.

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Comparison of Operating Results for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
Average Balance Sheet. The following table presents the average balance sheets, average yields and costs and certain other information for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The table presents the annualized average yield on interest-earning assets and the annualized average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. We derived the yields and costs by dividing annualized income or expense by the average balance of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown. We derived average balances from daily balances over the periods indicated. Interest income includes fees that we considered to be adjustments to yields. Yields on tax-exempt obligations were not computed on a tax equivalent basis. Nonaccrual loans were included in the computation of average balances and therefore have a zero yield. The yields set forth below include the effect of deferred loan origination fees and costs, and purchase discounts and premiums that are amortized or accreted to interest income.
                                                 
    For the Six Months Ended June 30,  
    2008     2007  
                    Average                     Average  
    Average             Yield/     Average             Yield/  
    Balance     Interest     Cost     Balance     Interest     Cost  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
Assets:
                                               
Interest-earnings assets:
                                               
First mortgage loans, net (1)
  $ 24,883,976     $ 715,373       5.75 %   $ 19,731,035     $ 559,454       5.67 %
Consumer and other loans
    430,984       13,733       6.37       426,018       13,970       6.56  
Federal funds sold
    261,000       3,278       2.53       187,396       4,893       5.27  
Mortgage-backed securities at amortized cost
    15,503,898       406,926       5.25       10,239,739       260,176       5.08  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    747,960       28,219       7.55       520,601       16,219       6.23  
Investment securities, at amortized cost
    3,837,728       92,419       4.82       5,764,587       136,429       4.73  
 
                                       
Total interest-earning assets
    45,665,546       1,259,948       5.52       36,869,376       991,141       5.38  
 
                                           
Noninterest-earnings assets
    783,080                       596,273                  
 
                                           
Total Assets
  $ 46,448,626                     $ 37,465,649                  
 
                                           
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
                                               
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Savings accounts
  $ 734,107       2,754       0.75     $ 794,209       3,468       0.88  
Interest-bearing transaction accounts
    1,580,337       24,689       3.14       1,945,341       32,516       3.37  
Money market accounts
    1,915,999       32,465       3.41       977,515       17,992       3.71  
Time deposits
    11,186,331       239,507       4.31       9,584,729       234,419       4.93  
 
                                       
Total interest-bearing deposits
    15,416,774       299,415       3.91       13,301,794       288,395       4.37  
 
                                           
Repurchase agreements
    12,448,055       262,861       4.25       9,153,243       187,617       4.13  
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York advances
    13,032,868       271,225       4.19       9,436,740       201,017       4.30  
 
                                       
Total borrowed funds
    25,480,923       534,086       4.22       18,589,983       388,634       4.22  
 
                                       
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    40,897,697       833,501       4.10       31,891,777       677,029       4.28  
 
                                       
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Noninterest-bearing deposits
    549,223                       507,294                  
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities
    278,675                       213,065                  
 
                                           
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities
    827,898                       720,359                  
 
                                           
Total liabilities
    41,725,595                       32,612,136                  
Shareholders’ equity
    4,723,031                       4,853,513                  
 
                                           
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 46,448,626                     $ 37,465,649                  
 
                                           
Net interest income/net interest rate spread (2)
          $ 426,447       1.42             $ 314,112       1.10  
 
                                           
Net interest-earning assets/net interest margin (3)
  $ 4,767,849               1.85 %   $ 4,977,599               1.67 %
 
                                           
Ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities
                    1.12 x                     1.16 x
 
(1)   Amount includes deferred loan costs and non-performing loans and is net of the allowance for loan losses.
 
(2)   Determined by subtracting the annualized weighted average cost of total interest-bearing liabilities from the annualized weighted average yield on total interest-earning assets.
 
(3)   Determined by dividing annualized net interest income by total average interest-earning assets.

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General. Net income was $199.4 million for the first six months of 2008, an increase of $55.5 million, or 38.6%, compared with net income of $143.9 million for the first six months of 2007. Basic and diluted earnings per common share were $0.41 and $0.40, respectively, for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $0.28 for both basic and diluted earnings per share for the same period in 2007. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, our annualized return on average shareholders’ equity was 8.44%, compared with 5.93% for the comparable period in 2007. Our annualized return on average assets for the first six months of 2008 was 0.86% as compared to 0.77% for the first six months of 2007. The increase in the annualized return on average equity and assets is primarily due to the increase in net income during the first six months of 2008. The increase in the annualized return on average equity is also due to a $130.5 million decrease in average shareholders’ equity for the first six months of 2008 as compared to the first six months of 2007 due primarily to significant treasury stock repurchases during 2007.
Interest and Dividend Income. Total interest and dividend income for the first six months of 2008 increased $268.8 million, or 27.1%, to $1.26 billion as compared to $991.1 million for the first six months of 2007. The increase in total interest and dividend income was primarily due to an $8.80 billion, or 23.9%, increase in the average balance of total interest-earning assets to $45.67 billion for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $36.87 billion for the first six months of 2007. The increase in interest and dividend income was also partially due to an increase of 14 basis points in the annualized weighted-average yield on total interest-earning assets to 5.52% for the six months ended June 30, 2008 from 5.38% for the comparable period in 2007.
Interest on first mortgage loans increased $155.9 million to $715.4 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $559.5 million for the same period in 2007. This was primarily due to a $5.15 billion increase in the average balance of first mortgage loans, which reflected our continued emphasis on the growth of our mortgage loan portfolio. The increase in first mortgage loan income was also due to an eight basis point increase in the weighted-average yield to 5.75%. Notwithstanding the decrease in long-term market interest rates noted above, mortgage rates have maintained a wider credit spread resulting in higher yields on mortgage loans relative to U.S. Treasury securities.
Interest on consumer and other loans decreased to $13.7 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $14.0 million for the same period in 2007. The average balance of consumer and other loans increased $5.0 million to $431.0 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $426.0 million for the first six months of 2007 and the average yield earned decreased 19 basis points to 6.37% as compared to 6.56% for the same periods.
Interest on mortgage-backed securities increased $146.7 million to $406.9 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $260.2 million for the first six months of 2007. This increase was due primarily to a $5.26 billion increase in the average balance of mortgage-backed securities to $15.50 billion during the first six months of 2008 as compared to $10.24 billion the first six months of 2007, and a 17 basis point increase in the weighted-average yield to 5.25%.
The increases in the average balances of mortgage-backed securities were due to purchases of variable-rate mortgage-backed securities as part of our interest rate risk management strategy. Since our primary lending activities are the origination and purchase of fixed-rate mortgage loans, the purchase of variable-rate mortgage-backed securities provides us with an asset that reduces our exposure to interest rate fluctuations while providing a source of cash flow from monthly principal and interest payments. The increase in the weighted average yield on mortgage-backed securities is a result of higher yields on

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securities purchased during 2007 when market interest rates were higher than the yield earned on the existing portfolio.
Interest on investment securities decreased $44.0 million to $92.4 million during the first six months of 2008 as compared to $136.4 million for the first six months of 2007. This decrease was due primarily to a $1.92 billion decrease in the average balance of investment securities to $3.84 billion. The decrease in the average balance of investment securities was due to increased call activity as a result of the decrease in market rates of securities with a shorter duration during the second half of 2007 and first six months of 2008. The average yield on investment securities increased 9 basis points to 4.82%.
Dividends on FHLB stock increased $12.0 million or 74.1% to $28.2 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $16.2 million for the first six months of 2007. This increase was due to a $227.4 million increase in the average balance to $748.0 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $520.6 million for the comparable period in 2007. The increase was also due to a 132 basis point increase in the average yield to 7.55% as compared to 6.23% for the same period last year.
Interest Expense. Total interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2008 increased $156.5 million, or 23.1%, to $833.5 million as compared to $677.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. This increase was primarily due to a $9.01 billion, or 28.3%, increase in the average balance of total interest-bearing liabilities to $40.90 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared with $31.89 billion for the corresponding period in 2007. The increase in average balance of total interest-bearing liabilities was partially offset by an 18 basis point decrease in the weighted-average cost of total interest-bearing liabilities to 4.10% for the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared with 4.28% for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Interest expense on our time deposit accounts increased $5.1 million to $239.5 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $234.4 million for the first six months of 2007. This increase was due to a $1.61 billion increase in the average balance of time deposit accounts to $11.19 billion from $9.58 billion for the first six months of 2007. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in the annualized weighted-average cost of 62 basis points to 4.31%. Interest expense on money market accounts increased $14.5 million to $32.5 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $18.0 million for the same period in 2007. This increase was due to a $938.5 million increase in the average balance to $1.92 billion, partially offset by a 30 basis point decrease in the annualized weighted-average cost to 3.41%. The increase in our time deposits and money market checking accounts reflects our competitive pricing, our branch expansion and customer preference for short-term deposit products. Interest expense on our interest-bearing transaction accounts decreased $7.8 million to $24.7 million for the first six months of 2008 as compared to $32.5 million for the first six months of 2007. This decrease was primarily due to a $365.0 million decrease in the average balance to $1.58 billion and a 23 basis point decrease in the average cost to 3.14%. The decrease in the average balance reflects customer preferences for short-term time and money market deposit products.
Interest expense on borrowed funds increased $145.5 million to $534.1 million as compared to $388.6 million for the first six months of 2007 primarily due to a $6.89 billion increase in the average balance of borrowed funds to $25.48 billion. The weighted average cost of borrowed funds remained unchanged at 4.22% for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Borrowed funds were primarily used to fund the growth in interest-earning assets. Substantially all of our borrowings are callable quarterly at the discretion of the lender after an initial non-call period of one to

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five years with a final maturity of ten years. Based on market interest rates as of June 30, 2008, we anticipate that none of the borrowings with call dates in 2008 will be called.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased $112.3 million, or 35.8%, to $426.4 million for the first six months of 2008 compared with $314.1 million for the first six months of 2007. Our net interest rate spread increased 32 basis points to 1.42% for the first six months of 2008 from 1.10% for the comparable period in 2007. Our net interest margin increased 18 basis points to 1.85% for the first six months of 2008 from 1.67% for the comparable period in 2007.
The increase in our net interest margin and net interest rate spread was primarily due to the increase in the weighted-average yield on interest-earning assets and a decrease in the weighted-average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. The decreases in market interest rates during the second half of 2007 and the first six months of 2008 allowed us to lower the cost of our deposits while the yields on our mortgage-related assets remained stable. As a result, our net interest rate margin and net interest rate spread increased during the first six months of 2008.
Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses amounted to $5.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to $800,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The provision for loan losses was $4.8 million for the full calendar year ended December 31, 2007. The allowance for loan losses amounted to $39.1 million and $34.7 million at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. Net charge-offs amounted to $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to net recoveries of $31,000 for the same period in 2007 . The provision for loan losses during the six months ended June 30, 2008 reflects the risks inherent in our loan portfolio due to weakening real estate markets, the increase in non-performing loans and the overall growth of the loan portfolio. We recorded a provision for loan losses based on our determination of the allowance for loan losses that considers a number of quantitative and qualitative factors. See “Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 – Provision for Loan Losses”.
Non-Interest Income. Total non-interest income was $4.3 million for the first six months of 2008 compared with $3.4 million for the first six months of 2007. The increase in non-interest income is primarily due to an increase in service charges on deposits as a result of deposit account growth.
Non-Interest Expense. Total non-interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $96.4 million compared with $82.0 million during the corresponding 2007 period. The increase is primarily due to an $11.2 million increase in compensation and employee benefits expense and a $2.6 million increase in other non-interest expense. The increase in compensation and employee benefits expense reflected a $6.7 million increase in expense related to our employee stock ownership plan, primarily as a result of increases in our stock price, a $2.9 million increase in compensation costs and a $1.2 million increase in stock option plan expense. The increase in compensation costs was due primarily to normal salary increases and increased staffing related to our branch expansion strategy. At June 30, 2008, we had 1,391 full-time equivalent employees as compared to 1,298 at June 30, 2007. The increase in stock option plan expense is due to the grant of options during the first six months of 2008. The increase in other non-interest expense was due primarily to various operating expenses related to the growth of our branch network and our increased retail loan production. Included in other non-interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2008 were write-downs on foreclosed real estate of $514,000 (none in 2007).
Our efficiency ratio was 22.40% for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to 25.82% for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Our annualized ratio of non-interest expense to average total assets for the first six months of 2008 was 0.42% as compared to 0.44% for the first six months of 2007.

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Income Taxes. Income tax expense amounted to $129.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared with $90.8 million for the corresponding period in 2007. Our effective tax rate for the first six months of 2008 was 39.38% compared with 38.69% for the first six months of 2007.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The term “liquidity” refers to our ability to generate adequate amounts of cash to fund loan originations, loan and security purchases, deposit withdrawals, repayment of borrowings and operating expenses. Our primary sources of funds are deposits, borrowings, the proceeds from principal and interest payments on loans and mortgage-backed securities, the maturities and calls of investment securities and funds provided by our operations. Deposit flows, calls of investment securities and borrowed funds, and prepayments of loans and mortgage-backed securities are strongly influenced by interest rates, general and local economic conditions and competition in the marketplace. These factors reduce the predictability of the receipt of these sources of funds. Our membership in the FHLB provides us access to additional sources of borrowed funds, which is generally limited to approximately twenty times the amount of FHLB stock owned. We also have the ability to access the capital markets from time to time, depending on market conditions.
Our investment policy provides that we shall maintain a primary liquidity ratio, which consists of investments in cash, cash in banks, Federal funds sold, securities with remaining maturities of less than five years and adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities repricing within one year, in an amount equal to at least 4% of total deposits and short-term borrowings. At June 30, 2008, our primary liquidity ratio was 8.91% compared with 23.4% at December 31, 2007. The decrease in the liquidity ratio is due to our growth strategy as well as our overall balance sheet management. While the liquidity ratio has decreased, we believe that our current level of liquidity allows us to pursue our growth strategy.
Our primary investing activities are the origination and purchase of one-to four-family real estate loans and consumer and other loans, the purchase of mortgage-backed securities, and the purchase of investment securities. These activities are funded primarily by borrowings, deposit growth and principal and interest payments on loans, mortgage-backed securities and investment securities. We originated $2.42 billion and purchased $2.17 billion of loans during the first six months of 2008 as compared to $1.60 billion and $2.37 billion during the first six months of 2007. While the residential real estate markets have slowed during the past year, our competitive rates and the decreased mortgage lending competition have resulted in increased origination productivity for the first six months of 2008. The decrease in the purchases of mortgage loans during the first six months of 2008 was due primarily to the continued reduction of activity in the secondary residential mortgage market as a result of the disruption and volatility in the financial and capital marketplaces. At June 30, 2008, commitments to originate and purchase mortgage loans amounted to $672.1 million and $203.6 million, respectively as compared to $405.9 million and $575.8 million, respectively at June 30, 2007.
Purchases of mortgage-backed securities during the first six months of 2008 were $3.94 billion as compared to $2.74 billion during the first six months of 2007. The increase in the purchases of mortgage-backed securities reflects the growth initiatives we have employed in recent periods as well as our interest rate risk management strategy. We purchased $1.90 billion of investment securities during the first six months of 2008 as compared to $500.0 million during the first six months of 2007. This increase was due primarily to the reinvestment of proceeds from the calls of investment securities which amounted to $2.69 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to $1.1 billion for the same period in

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2007. The increase in the maturities and calls of investment securities reflected lower market interest rates that resulted in an increase in call activity.
During the first six months of 2008, principal repayments on loans totaled $1.54 billion as compared to $1.15 billion for the first six months of 2007. Principal payments on mortgage-backed securities amounted to $1.28 billion and $965.1 million for those same respective periods. These increases in principal repayments were due primarily to the growth of the loan and mortgage-backed securities portfolios and due to slightly higher prepayment rates on variable-rate mortgage assets as customers refinanced to fixed-rate instruments.
As part of the membership requirements of the FHLB, we are required to hold a certain dollar amount of FHLB common stock based on our asset size or our borrowings from the FHLB. During the first six months of 2008, we purchased a net additional $114.0 million of FHLB common stock compared with net purchases of $157.0 million during the first six months of 2007.
Our primary financing activities consist of gathering deposits, engaging in wholesale borrowings, repurchases of our common stock and the payment of dividends.
Total deposits increased $1.57 billion during the first six months of 2008 as compared to an increase of $774.9 million for the first six months of 2007. These increases reflect our growth strategy and competitive pricing. Deposit flows are typically affected by the level of market interest rates, the interest rates and products offered by competitors, the volatility of equity markets, and other factors. Time deposits scheduled to mature within one year were $10.74 billion at June 30, 2008. These time deposits have a weighted average rate of 3.50%. We anticipate that we will have sufficient resources to meet this current funding commitment. Based on our deposit retention experience and current pricing strategy, we anticipate that a significant portion of these time deposits will remain with us as renewed time deposits or transfers to other deposit products at the prevailing interest rate.
We also used wholesale borrowings to fund our investing and financing activities. New borrowings totaled $3.70 billion, partially offset by $366.0 million in principal repayments of borrowed funds. At June 30, 2008, we had $17.70 billion of borrowed funds with a weighted-average rate of 4.26% and call dates within one year. We anticipate that none of these borrowings will be called based on current market interest rates. However, in the event borrowings are called, we anticipate that we will have sufficient resources to meet this funding commitment by borrowing new funds at the prevailing market interest rate, or using funds generated by deposit growth.
Cash dividends paid during the first six months of 2008 were $96.7 million. In the second quarter of 2008, we increased our quarterly cash dividend to $0.11 per share as compared to $0.09 per share in the first quarter of 2008. During the first six months of 2008, we purchased 224,262 shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of $3.6 million. At June 30, 2008, there remained 54,973,550 shares to be purchased under existing stock repurchase programs.
The primary source of liquidity for Hudson City Bancorp, the holding company of Hudson City Savings, is capital distributions from Hudson City Savings. During the first six months of 2008, Hudson City Bancorp received $162.5 million in dividend payments from Hudson City Savings. The primary use of these funds is the payment of dividends to our shareholders and, when appropriate as part of our capital management strategy, the repurchase of our outstanding common stock. Hudson City Bancorp’s ability to continue these activities is dependent upon capital distributions from Hudson City Savings. Applicable

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federal law may limit the amount of capital distributions Hudson City Savings may make. At June 30, 2008, Hudson City Bancorp had total cash and due from banks of $203.2 million.
At June 30, 2008, Hudson City Savings exceeded all regulatory capital requirements. Hudson City Savings’ tangible capital ratio, leverage (core) capital ratio and total risk-based capital ratio were 8.41%, 8.41% and 22.56%, respectively.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
Hudson City is a party to certain off-balance sheet arrangements, which occur in the normal course of our business, to meet the credit needs of our customers and the growth initiatives of the Bank. These arrangements are primarily commitments to originate and purchase mortgage loans, and to purchase securities. We are also obligated under a number of non-cancelable operating leases.
The following table reports the amounts of contractual obligations for Hudson City as of June 30, 2008.
                                         
    Payments Due By Period  
            Less Than     1 Year to     3 Years to     More Than  
Contractual Obligation   Total     1 Year     3 Years     5 Years     5 Years  
    (In thousands)  
First mortgage loan originations
  $ 672,135     $ 672,135     $     $     $  
Mortgage loan purchases
    203,618       203,618                    
Mortgage-backed security purchases
    1,150,000       1,150,000                    
Operating leases
    145,378       8,017       16,338       15,816       105,207  
 
                             
Total
  $ 2,171,131     $ 2,033,770     $ 16,338     $ 15,816     $ 105,207  
 
                             
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend money to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments to fund first mortgage loans generally have fixed expiration dates of approximately 90 days and other termination clauses. Since some commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Hudson City Savings evaluates each customer’s credit-worthiness on a case-by-case basis. Additionally, we have available home equity, commercial lines of credit, and overdraft lines of credit, which do not have fixed expiration dates, of approximately $159.5 million. We are not obligated to advance further amounts on credit lines if the customer is delinquent, or otherwise in violation of the agreement. The commitments to purchase first mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities had a normal period from trade date to settlement date of approximately 90 days and 60 days, respectively.
Critical Accounting Policies
Note 2 to our Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, contains a summary of our significant accounting policies. We believe our policies with respect to the methodology for our determination of the allowance for loan losses, the measurement of stock-based compensation expense and the measurement of the funded status and cost of our pension and other post-retirement benefit plans involve a higher degree of complexity and require management to make difficult and subjective judgments which often require assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. Changes in these judgments, assumptions or estimates could cause

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reported results to differ materially. These critical policies and their application are continually reviewed by management, and are periodically reviewed with the Audit Committee and our Board of Directors.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses has been determined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, under which we are required to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2008. We are responsible for the timely and periodic determination of the amount of the allowance required. We believe that our allowance for loan losses is adequate to cover specifically identifiable loan losses, as well as estimated losses inherent in our portfolio for which certain losses are probable but not specifically identifiable.
Our primary lending emphasis is the origination and purchase of one- to four-family first mortgage loans on residential properties and, to a lesser extent, second mortgage loans on one- to four-family residential properties resulting in a loan concentration in residential first mortgage loans at June 30, 2008. As a result of our lending practices, we also have a concentration of loans secured by real property located primarily in New Jersey, New York and Connecticut. At June 30, 2008, approximately 69% of our total loans are in the New York metropolitan area. Additionally, the states of Virginia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts and Michigan accounted for 6%, 5%, 5%, 3% and 2%, respectively of total loans. The remaining 10% of the loan portfolio is secured by real estate primarily in the Northeast quadrant of the United States. Based on the composition of our loan portfolio and the growth in our loan portfolio, we believe the primary risks inherent in our portfolio are increases in interest rates, a decline in the economy, generally, and a decline in real estate market values. Any one or a combination of these events may adversely affect our loan portfolio resulting in increased delinquencies, loan losses and future levels of loan loss provisions. We consider these trends in market conditions in determining the allowance for loan losses. We consider it important to maintain the ratio of our allowance for loan losses to total loans at a level of probable and estimable losses given current economic conditions, interest rates and the composition of our portfolio.
Due to the nature of our loan portfolio, our evaluation of the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses is performed primarily on a “pooled” basis. Each month we categorize the entire loan portfolio by certain risk characteristics such as loan type (one- to four-family, multi-family, commercial, construction, etc.), loan source (originated or purchased) and payment status (i.e., current or number of days delinquent). Loans with known potential losses are categorized separately. We assign potential loss factors to the payment status categories on the basis of our assessment of the potential risk inherent in each loan type. These factors are periodically reviewed for appropriateness giving consideration to charge-off history, delinquency trends, portfolio growth and the status of the regional economy and housing market, in order to ascertain that the loss factors cover probable and estimable losses inherent in the portfolio. We use this analysis, as a tool, together with principal balances and delinquency reports, to evaluate the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Other key factors we consider in this process are current real estate market conditions in geographic areas where our loans are located, changes in the trend of non-performing loans, the results of our foreclosed property transactions, the current state of the local and national economy, changes in interest rates and loan portfolio growth. Any one or a combination of these events may adversely affect our loan portfolio resulting in increased delinquencies, loan losses and future levels of provisions.
We maintain the allowance for loan losses through provisions for loan losses that we charge to income. We charge losses on loans against the allowance for loan losses when we believe the collection of loan

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principal is unlikely. We establish the provision for loan losses after considering the results of our review of delinquency and charge-off trends, the allowance for loan loss analysis, the amount of the allowance for loan losses in relation to the total loan balance, loan portfolio growth, U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and regulatory guidance. We apply this process and methodology in a consistent manner and we reassess and modify the estimation methods and assumptions used in response to changing conditions. Such changes, if any, are approved by our Asset Quality Committee each quarter.
Hudson City defines the population of potential impaired loans to be all non-accrual construction, commercial real estate and multi-family loans. Impaired loans are individually assessed to determine that the loan’s carrying value is not in excess of the fair value of the collateral or the present value of the loan’s expected future cash flows. Smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment, such as residential mortgage loans and consumer loans, are specifically excluded from the impaired loan analysis.
We believe that we have established and maintained the allowance for loan losses at adequate levels. Additions may be necessary if future economic and other conditions differ substantially from the current operating environment. Although management uses the best information available, the level of the allowance for loan losses remains an estimate that is subject to significant judgment and short-term change.
Stock-Based Compensation
We recognize the cost of employee services received in exchange for awards of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value for all awards granted, modified, repurchased or cancelled after January 1, 2006 and for the portion of outstanding awards for which the requisite service was not rendered as of January 1, 2006, in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). We granted performance-based stock options in 2006, 2007 and 2008 that vest if certain financial performance measures are met. In accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), we assess the probability of achieving these financial performance measures and recognize the cost of these performance-based grants if it is probable that the financial performance measures will be met. This probability assessment is subjective in nature and may change over the assessment period for the performance measures.
We estimate the per share fair value of option grants on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using assumptions for the expected dividend yield, expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected option term. These assumptions are based on our analysis of our historical option exercise experience and our judgments regarding future option exercise experience and market conditions. These assumptions are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. The Black-Scholes option pricing model also contains certain inherent limitations when applied to options that are not traded on public markets.
The per share fair value of options is highly sensitive to changes in assumptions. In general, the per share fair value of options will move in the same direction as changes in the expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected option term, and in the opposite direction of changes in the expected dividend yield. For example, the per share fair value of options will generally increase as expected stock price volatility increases, risk-free interest rate increases, expected option term increases and expected dividend yield decreases. The use of different assumptions or different option pricing models could result in materially different per share fair values of options.

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Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Assumptions
Non-contributory retirement and post-retirement defined benefit plans are maintained for certain employees, including retired employees hired on or before July 31, 2005 who have met other eligibility requirements of the plans. We adopted SFAS No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans — An Amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132R” as of December 31, 2006. This statement requires an employer to: (a) recognize in its statement of financial condition an asset for a plan’s overfunded status or a liability for a plan’s underfunded status; (b) measure a plan’s assets and its obligations that determine its funded status as of the end of the employer’s fiscal year; and (c) recognize, in comprehensive income, changes in the funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan in the year in which the changes occur. The requirement to measure plan assets and benefit obligations as of the date of the employer’s fiscal year-end statement of financial condition will be effective for the Company as of December 31, 2008. The Company’s measurement date will not change at this effective date.
We provide our actuary with certain rate assumptions used in measuring our benefit obligation. We monitor these rates in relation to the current market interest rate environment and update our actuarial analysis accordingly. The most significant of these is the discount rate used to calculate the period-end present value of the benefit obligations, and the expense to be included in the following year’s financial statements. A lower discount rate will result in a higher benefit obligation and expense, while a higher discount rate will result in a lower benefit obligation and expense. The discount rate assumption was determined based on a cash flow-yield curve model specific to our pension and post-retirement plans. We compare this rate to certain market indices, such as long-term treasury bonds, or the Moody’s or Merrill Lynch bond indices, for reasonableness. A discount rate of 6.00% was selected for the December 31, 2007 measurement date and the 2008 expense calculation.
For our pension plan, we also assumed a rate of salary increase of 4.25% for future periods. This rate is comparable to actual salary increases experienced over prior years. We assumed a return on plan assets of 8.25% for future periods. We actuarially determine the return on plan assets based on actual plan experience over the previous ten years. The actual return on plan assets was 6.01% for 2007.
For our post-retirement benefit plan, the assumed health care cost trend rate used to measure the expected cost of other benefits for 2007 was 8.50%. The rate was assumed to decrease gradually to 4.75% for 2013 and remain at that level thereafter. Changes to the assumed health care cost trend rate are expected to have an immaterial impact as we capped our obligations to contribute to the premium cost of coverage to the post-retirement health benefit plan at the 2007 premium level.
Item 3. — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk is presented as of December 31, 2007 in Hudson City Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following is an update of the discussion provided therein.
General
As a financial institution, our primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Our net income is primarily based on net interest income, and fluctuations in interest rates will ultimately impact the level of both income and expense recorded on a large portion of our assets and liabilities. Fluctuations in interest rates will also affect the market value of all interest-earning assets, other than those that possess a short term to maturity.

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The difference between rates on the yield curve, or the shape of the yield curve, impacts our net interest income. During the 12-month period ended June 30, 2008, short-term interest rates decreased at a faster pace than intermediate and long-term market interest rates resulting in a more positively-sloped yield curve. Due to our investment and financing decisions, the more positive the slope of the yield curve the more favorable the environment is for our ability to generate net interest income. Our interest-bearing liabilities generally reflect movements in short- and intermediate-term rates, while our interest-earning assets, a majority of which have initial terms to maturity or repricing greater than one year, generally reflect movements in intermediate- and long-term interest rates. A positive slope of the yield curve allows us to invest in interest-earning assets at a wider spread to the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.
The impact of interest rate changes on our interest income is generally felt in later periods than the impact on our interest expense due to differences in the timing of the recognition of items on our balance sheet. The timing of the recognition of interest-earning assets on our balance sheet generally lags the current market rates by 60 to 90 days due to the normal time period between commitment and settlement dates. In contrast, the recognition of interest-bearing liabilities on our balance sheet generally reflects current market interest rates as we generally fund purchases at the time of settlement. During a period of decreasing short-term interest rates, as was experienced during these past 12 months, this timing difference had a positive impact on our net interest income as our interest-bearing liabilities reset to the current lower interest rates.
Also impacting our net interest income and net interest rate spread is the level of prepayment activity on our interest-sensitive assets. The actual amount of time before mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities are repaid can be significantly impacted by changes in market interest rates and mortgage prepayment rates. Mortgage prepayment rates will vary due to a number of factors, including the regional economy in the area where the underlying mortgages were originated, availability of credit, seasonal factors, demographic variables and the assumability of the underlying mortgages. However, the major factors affecting prepayment rates are prevailing interest rates, related mortgage refinancing opportunities and competition. Generally, the level of prepayment activity directly affects the yield earned on those assets, as the payments received on the interest-earning assets will be reinvested at the prevailing market interest rate. Prepayment rates are generally inversely related to the prevailing market interest rate, thus, as market interest rates increase, prepayment rates tend to decrease. Prepayment rates on our mortgage-related assets have been relatively stable during the first six months of 2008 despite the decreases in market interest rates. We believe the lack of acceleration of the prepayment rate on these assets reflected the limited availability of credit during this time.
Calls of investment securities and borrowed funds are also impacted by the level of market interest rates. The level of calls of investment securities are generally inversely related to the prevailing market interest rate, meaning as rates decrease the likelihood of a security being called would increase. The level of call activity generally affects the yield earned on these assets, as the payment received on the security would be reinvested at the prevailing lower market interest rate. During the first three months of 2008 we saw an increase in call activity on our investment securities as market interest rates decreased. This call activity decreased in the second quarter of 2008 as rates began to stabilize and substantially all of the securities held by us were not callable during this time period. The securities purchased during the first quarter of 2008 to replace those securities that were called were reinvested at similar interest rates by purchasing securities with longer maturities and initial non-call periods.
The likelihood of a borrowing being called is directly related to the current market interest rates, meaning the higher that interest rates move, the more likely the borrowing would be called. The level of call

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activity generally affects the cost of our borrowed funds, as the call of a borrowing would generally necessitate the re-borrowing of the funds at the higher current market interest rate. During the first six months of 2008 we experienced limited call activity due to the decrease of market interest rates.
Simulation Model. Hudson City Bancorp continues to monitor the impact of interest rate volatility in the same manner as at December 31, 2007, utilizing simulation models as a means of analyzing the impact of interest rate changes on our net interest income and net present value of equity. We have not reported the minus 200 basis point interest rate shock scenarios in either of our simulation model analyses, as we believe, given the current interest rate environment and historical interest rate levels, the resulting information would not be meaningful.
Net Interest Income. As a primary means of managing interest rate risk, we monitor the impact of interest rate changes on our net interest income over the forward twelve-month period assuming a simultaneous and parallel shift in the yield curve. This model does not purport to provide estimates of net interest income over the next twelve-month period, but attempts to assess the impact of a simultaneous and parallel interest rate change on our net interest income.
The following table reports the changes to our net interest income over various interest rate change scenarios.
             
Change in   Percent Change in
Interest Rates   Net Interest Income
(Basis points)        
  200       (7.60 )%
  100       (2.25 )
         
  (100 )     0.57  
The preceding table indicates that at June 30, 2008, in the event of a 200 basis point increase in interest rates, we would expect to experience a 7.60% decrease in net interest income as compared to an 11.01% decrease at December 31, 2007. This 7.60% decrease to net interest income reflects the anticipated calls of borrowed funds and an increase in expense on our short-term time deposits in the increasing interest rate environment scenario.
The preceding table also indicates that at June 30, 2008, in the event of a 100 basis point decrease in interest rates, we would expect to experience a 0.57% increase in net interest income as compared to a 0.74% decrease at December 31, 2007. This slight 0.57% increase to net interest income reflects a decrease in interest expense on our short-term time deposits and non-maturity deposits in the decreasing interest rate environment.
Present Value of Equity. We also monitor our interest rate risk by monitoring changes in the present value of equity in the different rate environments. The present value of equity is the difference between the estimated fair value of interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities in the various rate shock scenarios. The changes in market value of assets and liabilities due to changes in interest rates reflect the interest sensitivity of those assets and liabilities as their values are derived from the characteristics of the asset or liability (i.e., fixed-rate, adjustable-rate, caps, floors) relative to the current interest rate environment. For example, in a rising interest rate environment the fair market value of a fixed-rate asset will decline, whereas the fair market value of an adjustable-rate asset, depending on its repricing characteristics, may not decline. Increases in the market value of assets will increase the present value of equity whereas

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decreases in the market value of assets will decrease the present value of equity. Conversely, increases in the market value of liabilities will decrease the present value of equity whereas decreases in the market value of liabilities will increase the present value of equity.
The following table presents the estimated present value of equity over a range of interest rate change scenarios at June 30, 2008. The present value ratio shown in the table is the present value of equity as a percent of the present value of total assets in each of the different rate environments.
                 
    Present Value of Equity
    As Percent of Present
    Value of Assets
Change in   Present   Basis Point
Interest Rates   Value Ratio   Change
 
(Basis points)
               
200
    4.72 %     (366 )
100
    7.00       (138 )
 0
    8.38        
(100)
    7.84       (54 )
In the 200 basis point increase scenario, the present value ratio was 4.72% at June 30 2008 as compared to 6.55% at December 31, 2007. The change in the present value ratio was negative 366 basis points at June 30, 2008 as compared to a negative 290 basis points at December 31, 2007. The decrease in the 200 basis point increase scenario of 366 basis points from the 8.38% present value ratio in the base case scenario reflects the lower estimated fair value of our fixed-rate assets in relation to the more constant estimated fair value of our short-term deposits and callable borrowed funds.
In the 100 basis point decrease scenario, the present value ratio was 7.84% at June 30, 2008 compared to 8.10% at December 31, 2007. The change in the present value ratio was negative 54 basis points at June 30, 2008 as compared to a negative 135 basis points at December 31, 2007. The decrease in the minus 100 basis point scenario of 54 basis points from the 8.38% present value ratio in the base case scenario reflects an increase in the estimated fair value of our borrowed funds due to their extension to maturity resulting in a lower present value of equity.
The methods we used in simulation modeling are inherently imprecise. This type of modeling requires that we make assumptions that may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. For example, we assume the composition of the interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities will remain constant over the period being measured and that all interest rate shocks will be uniformly reflected across the yield curve, regardless of the duration to maturity or repricing. The table assumes that we will take no action in response to the changes in interest rates. In addition, prepayment estimates and other assumptions within the model are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties, and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Accordingly, although the previous two tables may provide an estimate of our interest rate risk at a particular point in time, such measurements are not intended to and do not provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in interest rates on our net interest income or present value of equity.
GAP Analysis. The following table presents the amounts of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities outstanding at June 30, 2008, which we anticipate to reprice or mature in each of the future time periods shown. Except for prepayment activity and non-maturity deposit decay rates, we determined the amounts of assets and liabilities that reprice or mature during a particular period in accordance with the earlier of the term to rate reset or the contractual maturity of the asset or liability. For

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purposes of this table, assumptions used in decay rates and prepayment activity are similar to those used in the preparation of our simulation model. Callable investment securities and borrowed funds are reported at the anticipated call date, for those that are callable within one year, or at their contractual maturity date. We reported $21.6 million of investment securities at their anticipated call date. We did not report any of our callable borrowed funds at their next call date. We have excluded non-accrual mortgage loans of $111.6 million and non-accrual other loans of $971,000 from the table.
                                                         
    At June 30, 2008  
                            More than     More than              
            More than     More than     two years     three years              
    Six months     six months     one year to     to three     to five     More than        
    or less     to one year     two years     years     years     five years     Total  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
Interest-earning assets:
                                                       
First mortgage loans
  $ 1,729,440     $ 1,720,022     $ 3,454,534     $ 2,916,727     $ 3,157,121     $ 13,750,777     $ 26,728,621  
Consumer and other loans
    97,964       2,910       11,086       5,027       16,409       255,176       388,572  
Federal funds sold
    56,957       0       0       0       0       0       56,957  
Mortgage-backed securities
    1,792,324       1,668,354       2,566,379       3,988,092       4,306,429       2,615,248       16,936,826  
FHLB stock
    809,320       0       0       0       0       0       809,320  
Investment securities
    7,205       21,625       2,300,005       100       922,396       107,507       3,358,838  
 
                                         
Total interest-earning assets
    4,493,210       3,412,911       8,332,004       6,909,946       8,402,355       16,728,708       48,279,134  
 
                                         
 
                                                       
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                                       
Savings accounts
    55,295       55,295       73,727       73,727       184,316       294,905       737,265  
Interest-bearing demand accounts
    158,523       158,523       236,176       236,176       404,349       423,649       1,617,396  
Money market accounts
    242,464       242,464       484,928       484,928       848,625       121,233       2,424,642  
Time deposits
    9,374,251       1,363,983       467,700       66,605       36,402             11,308,941  
Borrowed funds
                      500,000       400,000       26,575,000       27,475,000  
 
                                         
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    9,830,533       1,820,265       1,262,531       1,361,436       1,873,692       27,414,787       43,563,244  
 
                                         
 
                                                       
Interest rate sensitivity gap
  $ (5,337,323 )   $ 1,592,646     $ 7,069,473     $ 5,548,510     $ 6,528,663     $ (10,686,079 )   $ 4,715,890  
 
                                         
 
                                                       
Cumulative interest rate sensitivity gap
  $ (5,337,323 )   $ (3,744,677 )   $ 3,324,796     $ 8,873,306     $ 15,401,969     $ 4,715,890          
 
                                         
 
                                                       
Cumulative interest rate sensitivity gap as a percent of total assets
    (10.86 )%     (7.62 )%     6.76 %     18.05     31.33     9.59      
 
                                                       
Cumulative interest-earning assets as a percent of interest-bearing liabilities
    45.71     67.86     125.75     162.16     195.38     110.83      
The cumulative one-year gap as a percent of total assets was negative 7.62% at June 30, 2008 compared with negative 6.53% at December 31, 2007. The higher negative cumulative one-year gap primarily reflects the decrease in the amounts of callable agency securities we anticipate to be called within the next twelve months.
Item 4. — Controls and Procedures
Ronald E. Hermance, Jr., our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, and James C. Kranz, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of June 30, 2008. Based upon their evaluation, they each found that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file and submit under the Exchange Act was recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required and that such information was accumulated and

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communicated to our management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. — Legal Proceedings
We are not involved in any pending legal proceedings other than routine legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business. We believe that these routine legal proceedings, in the aggregate, are immaterial to our financial condition and results of operations.
Item 1A. — Risk Factors
For a summary of risk factors relevant to our operations, please see Part I, Item 1A in our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There has been no material change in risk factors since December 31, 2007.
Item 2. — Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following table reports information regarding repurchases of our common stock during the second quarter of 2008 and the stock repurchase plans approved by our Board of Directors.
                                 
                            Maximum  
                    Total Number of     Number of Shares  
    Total             Shares Purchased     that May Yet Be  
    Number of     Average     as Part of Publicly     Purchased Under  
    Shares     Price Paid     Announced Plans     the Plans or  
Period   Purchased     per Share     or Programs     Programs (1)  
 
April 1-April 30, 2008
        $             54,973,550  
May 1-May 31, 2008
    24,262 (2)     18.84             54,973,550  
June 1-June 30, 2008
                      54,973,550  
 
                           
Total
    24,262       18.84                
 
                           
 
(1)        On June 20, 2006, Hudson City Bancorp announced the adoption of its seventh Stock Repurchase Program, which authorized the repurchase of up to 56,975,000 shares of common stock. This program has no expiration date and has 3,573,550 shares yet to be purchased as of June 30, 2008. On July 25, 2007, Hudson City Bancorp announced the adoption of its eighth Stock Repurchase Program, which authorized the repurchase of up to 51,400,000 shares of common stock. This program has no expiration date and no shares have been purcahsed pursuant to this program.
 
(2)   This purchase reflects the surrender of vesting RRP awards to satisfy withholding requirements.
Item 3. — Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.

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Item 4. — Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
On April 22, 2008, the annual meeting of stockholders of Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. was held to consider and vote on certain matters.
Proposal 1 – The election of three directors for terms of three years each.
Votes cast for Ronald E. Hermance, Jr.:
             
 
  For:     423,614,658  
 
  Withheld:     19,384,083  
Votes cast for William G. Bardel:
             
 
  For:     429,809,554  
 
  Withheld:     13,189,187  
Votes cast for Scott A. Belair:
             
 
  For:     429,870,322  
 
  Withheld:     13,128,419  
There were no broker held non-voted shares represented at the meeting with respect to this matter.
Proposal 2 — The ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as Hudson City Bancorp’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008.
             
 
  For:     423,781,369  
 
  Against:     8,559,782  
 
  Abstain:     10,657,590  
There were no broker held non-voted shares represented at the meeting with respect to this matter.
Item 5. — Other Information
Not applicable.

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Item 6. — Exhibits
     
Exhibit Number   Exhibit
 
   
31.1
  Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
   
31.2
  Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
   
32.1
  Written Statement of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer furnished pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. *
 
*   Pursuant to SEC rules, this exhibit will not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that section.

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SIGNATURES
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
         
  Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
 
 
Date: August 8, 2008  By:   /s/ Ronald E. Hermance, Jr.    
    Ronald E. Hermance, Jr.   
    Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
Date: August 8, 2008  By:   /s/ James C. Kranz    
    James C. Kranz   
    Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer) 
 

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