INVU Investview Inc (QB)

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Investors should carefully consider the following material risk factors as well as all other information set forth or referred to in this report before purchasing shares of our preferred or common stock. Investing in our preferred or common stock involves a high degree of risk. Any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. In such a case, you may lose all or part of your investment. The risks described below are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or those we currently view to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. If any of the following events or outcomes actually occur, our business operating results and financial condition would likely suffer. As a result, the trading price of our preferred and/or common stock could decline, and investors may lose all or part of the money paid to purchase our preferred and/or common stock.

Risks Related to our Business Generally

Our operations and financial condition have been adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and that may continue.

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in March of 2020. Even though the COVID-19 surge appears to be abating and there has been a relaxation of pandemic-related constraints in many markets, we believe that the global spread of COVID-19 has created significant volatility and uncertainty and economic disruption. We believe the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic, including new surges or COVID-19 variants, or any other pandemic ultimately impacts our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including, without limitation: the duration and scope of the pandemic; the success in delivering and efficacy of vaccines; governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and will be taken in response to the pandemic (including restrictions on travel and transport and workforce pressures); the effect on our suppliers and customers and customer demand for our core products and services; the effect on our sources of supply; the impact of the pandemic on economic activity and actions taken in response; closures of our and our suppliers’ and customers’ offices and facilities; the ability of our customers to pay for our products and services; financial market volatility; commodity prices; and the pace of recovery when the COVID-19 or other pandemic subsides.

SAFETek LLC suffered supply chain issues and significant delays in establishing mining operations due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The supply chain issues caused the suspension of the APEX sale-leaseback program. In addition, iGenius suffered the loss of all in-person marketing activities while pandemic-related constraints were in place, but we pivoted to on-line marketing and zoom presentations which limited the impact to iGenius’s results from operations.

Loss from operations experienced for the year ended December 31, 2022

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a net loss of $12,944,944. Even though this was mostly due to our non-cash impairment expense of $14.6 million that had no impact on our cash flow or our liquidity and capital resources, and after excluding the impairment expense, we were able to show net income from operations of $1.7 million and $9.4 million of cash provided by our operating activities, a loss of that magnitude could have an adverse reputational and commercial effect on us, including on our credit rating, banking matters, relationships with vendors, insurers, and credit processors, and other commercial relationships.

We may not be able to fully protect our proprietary rights and we may infringe upon the proprietary rights of others, which could result in costly litigation.

Our future success depends on our ability to protect and preserve the proprietary rights related to our products. We cannot assure that we will be able to prevent third parties from using our intellectual property and technology without our authorization. We also rely on trade secrets, common law trademark rights, and trademark registrations, as well as confidentiality and work for hire, development, assignment, and license agreements with employees, consultants, third-party developers, licensees, and customers. Our protective measures for these intangible assets afford only limited protection from illegal actors and may be flawed or become inadequate with the passage of time.

Policing unauthorized use of our technology is difficult and some foreign laws do not provide the same level of protection as U.S. laws. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trademarks or trade secrets that we may obtain, or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and have a material adverse effect on our future operating results.

In recent years, there has been significant litigation in the United States involving intellectual property rights. In particular, there has been an increase in the filing of lawsuits alleging infringement of intellectual property rights, which pressure defendants into entering settlement arrangements quickly to dispose of such lawsuits, regardless of their merits. Other companies or individuals may allege that we infringe on their intellectual property rights. Litigation, particularly in the area of intellectual property rights, is costly and the outcome is inherently uncertain. In the event that we become involved in such a lawsuit in the future and receive an adverse result, we could be liable for substantial damages, and we may be forced to discontinue our use of the intellectual property in question or obtain a license to use those rights or develop non-infringing alternatives.

Climate change, and the regulatory and legislative developments related to climate change, may materially adversely affect our business and financial condition.

The impacts of climate change may materially and adversely impact the cost, production and financial performance of our operations. Further, any impacts to our business and financial condition as a result of climate change are likely to occur over a sustained period of time and are therefore difficult to quantify with any degree of specificity. For example, extreme weather events may result in adverse physical effects on portions of our infrastructure, which could disrupt our supply chain and ultimately our business operations. In addition, disruption of transportation and distribution systems could result in reduced operational efficiency and customer service interruption. Climate related events have the potential to disrupt our business, including the business of our customers, and may cause us to experience higher attrition, losses and additional costs to resume operations.

In addition, a number of governments or governmental bodies have introduced or are contemplating legislative and regulatory changes in response to various climate change interest groups and the potential impact of climate change. Given the significant amount of electrical power required to operate cryptocurrency miners, as well the environmental impact of mining for metals used in the production of mining servers, the cryptocurrency mining industry may become a target for future environmental and energy regulation. Legislation and increased regulation regarding climate change could impose significant costs on us and our suppliers, including costs related to increased energy requirements, capital equipment, environmental monitoring and reporting, and other costs to comply with such regulations. Any future climate change regulations could also negatively impact our ability to compete with companies situated in areas not subject to such limitations. Given the political significance and uncertainty around the impact of climate change and how it should be addressed, we cannot predict how legislation and regulation will affect our financial condition, operating performance and ability to compete. Furthermore, even without such regulation, increased awareness and any adverse publicity in the global marketplace about potential impacts on climate change by us or other companies in our industry could harm our reputation. Any of the foregoing could result in a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

We may accept, disburse, and hold cryptocurrency, which may subject us to exchange risk and additional tax and regulatory requirements.

We periodically accept Bitcoin as a form of payment and use it to satisfy liabilities. Cryptocurrency is not considered legal tender or backed by any government and have experienced significant price volatility, technological glitches, and various law enforcement and regulatory interventions. If we fail to comply with regulations or prohibitions applicable to us, we could face regulatory or other enforcement actions and potential fines and other consequences. We also hold cryptocurrencies directly, subjecting us to exchange rate risk as well as the risk that regulatory or other developments and the recent price volatility may adversely affect the value of the cryptocurrencies we hold. The uncertainties regarding legal and regulatory requirements relating to cryptocurrencies or transactions using cryptocurrencies, as well as potential accounting and tax issues or other requirements relating to cryptocurrencies, could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We might fail to realize the expected benefits and strategic objectives of our recent acquisition of the proprietary Prodigio SMART Trading Platform.

During September 2021, we acquired, among other assets, the proprietary Prodigio SMART Trading Platform in consideration for the issuance of Class B Redeemable Units consisting of non-voting membership interests in our wholly owned subsidiary IFGH that are in the future redeemable for 565,000,000 Investview common shares on a one-for-one basis. While we believe such acquisition is expected to become a fundamental part of an overall strategy to create a Brokerage and Financial Markets business within the investment management and brokerage industries, we might not achieve our expected, or any, return on this investment. If we are unsuccessful at creating this line of business, we may not be able to achieve our planned rates of growth or improve our market share, profitability or competitive position. We can give no assurance that we will ultimately be able to effectively integrate and manage the operations of the Prodigio SMART Trading Platform or any other acquired business or assets.

Creating a Brokerage and Financial Markets business may be difficult to achieve.

The creation of a Brokerage and Financial Markets business relies upon the acquisition of a FINRA-regulated broker-dealer. In March 2021, we entered into an agreement for the acquisition of a brokerage firm controlled by Joseph Cammarata, our former chief executive officer. However, due to complications relating to Mr. Cammarata’s then ongoing legal proceedings, even though unrelated to the Company, we were caused to terminate this agreement during 2022, and continue our search for alternative acquisitions within the brokerage industry. We believe, however, that our ability to manage the regulatory (i.e., FINRA) approval process, and secure the financing necessary to acquire a broker-dealer, may be made more difficult due to a combination of our former association with Mr. Cammarata, since we remain the subject of an SEC inquiry, and since our common shares trade on the less desirable Over-the-Counter marketplace. Failure to achieve this growth objective may limit the scope of our expected growth.

Substantially all of our employees are employed by professional employer organizations.

We contract with a professional employer organization, or PEO, that administers our human resources, payroll and employee benefits functions for our employees in the United States. Although we recruit and select our workers, each of these workers is also an employee of record of the PEO. As a result, these workers are compensated through the PEO, are governed by the work policies created jointly by us and the PEO and receive their annual wage statements and other payroll or labor related reports from the PEO. This relationship permits management to focus on operations and profitability rather than payroll administration, but this relationship also exposes us to some risks. Among other risks, if the PEO fails to adequately withhold or pay employer taxes or to comply with other laws, such as the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act or state and federal anti-discrimination laws, each of which is outside of our control, we would be liable for such violations, and indemnification provisions with the PEO, if applicable, and Company insurance may not be sufficient to insulate us from those liabilities.

Court and administrative proceedings related to matters of employment tax, labor law and other laws applicable to PEO arrangements could distract management from our business and cause us to incur significant expense. If we were held liable for violations by the PEO, such amounts may adversely affect our profitability and could negatively affect our business and results of operations.

Our business could be negatively affected if the SEC determines that we violated federal securities laws.

During November 2021, we received a subpoena from the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for the production of documents. We have reason to believe that the focus of the SEC’s inquiry involves whether certain federal securities laws were violated in connection with, among other things, the offer and sale of our now discontinued Apex sale and leaseback program, the operation of our direct selling network now known as iGenius, and the offer and sale of cryptocurrency products. In the subpoena, the SEC advised that the investigation does not mean that the SEC has concluded that we or anyone else has violated federal securities laws and or any other law. We believe that we have complied at all times with the federal securities laws. However, we are aware of the evolving SEC commentary and rulemaking process relative to the characterization of cryptocurrency products under federal securities laws that is sweeping through many businesses that operate within the cryptocurrency sector.

Risks Related to our Financial Education and Technology Business

Our business could be negatively affected by any adverse economic developments in the securities markets or the domestic or international economy in general.

We depend on the interest of individuals in obtaining financial information and securities trading strategies to assist them in making their own investment decisions. Significant downturns in the securities markets or in general economic and political conditions domestically or internationally may cause individuals to be reluctant to make their own investment decisions and thus decrease the demand for our products and services. Significant upturns in the securities markets or in general economic and political conditions domestically or internationally may cause individuals to be less proactive in seeking ways to improve the returns on their trading or investment decisions and, thus, decrease the demand for our products and services.

We may encounter risks relating to security or other system disruptions and failures that could reduce the attractiveness of our websites and that could harm our business and results of operations.

Although we have implemented various security mechanisms, our business is vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins, and similar disruptions, which could lead to interruptions, delays, or loss of data. For instance, because a portion of our revenue is based on individuals using credit cards to purchase subscriptions over the Internet, our business could be adversely affected by credit card fraud and other electronic break-ins or disruptions. Additionally, our operations depend on our ability to protect systems against damage from fire, earthquakes, power loss, telecommunications failure, and other events beyond our control. Moreover, our website may experience slower response times or other problems for a variety of reasons, including hardware and communication line capacity restraints, software failures, or significant increases in traffic when there have been important business or financial news stories. These strains on our systems could cause customer dissatisfaction and could discourage visitors from becoming paying subscribers. Our websites could experience disruptions or interruptions in service due to the failure or delay in the transmission or receipt of information from us. These types of occurrences could cause users to perceive our website and technology solutions as not functioning properly and cause them to use other methods or services of our competitors. Any disruption resulting from these actions may harm our business and may be expensive to remedy, may not be fully covered by our insurance, could damage our reputation, and discourage new and existing users from using our products and services. Any disruptions could increase costs and make profitability even more difficult to achieve.

We will need to introduce new products and services and enhance existing products and services to remain competitive.

Our future success depends in part on our ability to develop and enhance our products and services. In addition, the adoption of new Internet, networking or telecommunications technologies or other technological changes could require us to incur substantial expenditures to enhance or adapt our services or infrastructure. There are significant technical and financial costs and risks in the development of new or enhanced products and services, including the risk that we might be unable to effectively use new technologies, adapt our services to emerging industry standards, or develop, introduce and market enhanced or new products and services. An inability to develop new products and services, or enhance existing offerings, could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.

We rely on external service providers to perform certain key functions.

We rely on a number of external service providers for certain key technology, processing, service, and support functions. External content providers provide us with crypto mining services, financial information, market news, charts, option and stock quotes, research reports, and other fundamental data that we offer to clients. These service providers face technological and operational risks of their own. Any significant failures by them, including improper use or disclosure of our confidential client, employee, or company information, could cause us to incur losses and could harm our reputation.

We cannot assure that any external service providers will be able to continue to provide these services in an efficient, cost-effective manner or that they will be able to adequately expand their services to meet our needs. An interruption in or the cessation of service by any external service provider as a result of systems failures, capacity constraints, financial constraints or problems, unanticipated trading market closures, or for any other reason, and our inability to make alternative arrangements in a smooth and timely manner, if at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We could face liability and other costs relating to storage and use of personal information about our users.

Users provide us with personal information, including tax identification numbers, which we do not share without the user’s consent. Despite this policy of obtaining consent, however, if third persons were able to penetrate our network security or otherwise misappropriate our users’ personal information, we could be subject to liability, including claims for unauthorized purchases with credit card information, impersonation or other similar fraud claims, and misuses of personal information, such as for unauthorized marketing purposes. New privacy legislation may further increase this type of liability. Furthermore, we could incur additional expenses if additional regulations regarding the use of personal information were introduced or if federal or state agencies were to investigate our privacy practices. We do not store user credit card information and rely upon our merchant processing partners to collect and store this information with the necessary Payment Card Industry Security Standards compliance in place. However, a breach of the merchant’s security standards could create liability for us.

Our business could be negatively affected if we are required to defend allegations of unfair competition and unfair false or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce.

Advertising and marketing of our products in the United States are also subject to regulation by the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) under the Federal Trade Commission Act, or FTC Act. Among other things, the FTC Act prohibits unfair methods of competition and unfair false or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce. The FTC Act also makes it illegal to disseminate or cause to be disseminated any false advertisement. The FTC routinely reviews websites to identify questionable advertising claims and practices. Competitors sometimes inform the FTC when they believe other competitors are violating the FTC Act and consumers also notify the FTC of what they believe may be wrongful advertising. The FTC may initiate a nonpublic investigation that focuses on our advertising claims, which usually involves nonpublic, pre-lawsuit, extensive formal discovery. Such an investigation may be lengthy and expensive to defend and result in a publicly disclosed consent decree or settlement agreement. If no settlement can be reached, the FTC may start an administrative proceeding or a federal court lawsuit against us or our principal officers. The FTC often seeks to recover from the defendants, whether in a consent decree or a proceeding, any or all of the following: (i) consumer redress in the form of monetary relief or disgorgement of profits; (ii) significant reporting requirements for several years; and (iii) injunctive relief. In addition, most, if not all, states have statutes prohibiting deceptive and unfair acts and practices. The requirements under these state statutes are similar to those of the FTC Act.

Our business could be negatively affected if we are required to defend allegations that our direct selling activities are fraudulent or deceptive schemes, or against public interest.

Our iGenius products and services are marketed by a network of independent distributors using direct selling methods, commonly known as multi-level marketing programs. Although we believe that our direct sales methods are generally in compliance with applicable legal standards, multi-level marketing programs, in general, have often been the target of regulatory scrutiny by federal, state, and local governmental agencies in the United States and foreign countries, including the FTC. These laws and regulations are generally intended to prevent fraudulent or deceptive schemes, often referred to as “pyramid” schemes, which compensate participants primarily for recruiting additional participants without significant emphasis on product sales. The regulatory requirements concerning multi-level marketing programs do not include “bright line” rules and are inherently fact-based and, thus, we are subject to the risk that these regulations or the enforcement or interpretation of these regulations by regulators or courts can change. The adoption of new regulations, or changes in the interpretations or enforcement of existing regulations, may result in significant compliance costs or require us to change or cease aspects of our network marketing program. In addition, the ambiguity surrounding these regulations can also affect the public perception of our business.

Our independent distributors could fail to comply with applicable legal requirements or our distributor policies and procedures, which could result in claims against us that could harm our business.

Our independent distributors are independent contractors and, accordingly, we are not able to directly provide the same oversight and direction as we could if they were our employees. As a result, we have implemented compliance measures that are designed to train our distributors and attempt to monitor our distributors’ use of marketing materials that are in compliance with FTC and other legal standards. Despite our compliance initiatives we cannot always ensure that our independent distributors will comply with applicable laws or regulations, our distributor policies and procedures, or that such marketing materials or other distributor practices comply with applicable laws, rules, and regulations. It is possible that a court or governmental agency could hold us liable for the actions of our distributors, which could materially harm our business, financial condition, and operating results.

Extensive federal, state, local, and international laws regulate our business, products and direct selling activities. In addition, because we have expanded into foreign countries, our policies and procedures for our independent distributors differ slightly in some countries due to the different legal requirements of each country in which we do business.

Our proprietary systems may be compromised by hackers.

Our current products and other products and services that we may develop in the future will be based on proprietary software and customer-specific data that we protect by routine measures such as password protection, confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements with employees, and similar measures. Any unauthorized access to our software or data could materially disrupt our business and result in financial loss and damages to our business and reputation.

Our business could be negatively affected if any of the third-party providers of products or services offered through our membership packages default on their obligation to our members.

Through our iGenius membership program and our now discontinued Apex sale and leaseback program, our members have gained access to a variety of benefits provided through third party partnerships and affinity arrangements, including products and services provided by third party investment professionals, access to a proprietary digital currency called “ndau” and a supplemental total protection program offered by a third-party affiliate of a global insurance brokerage firm. We cannot ensure that such third-party providers will comply with their contractual requirements to our members or with applicable laws, rules, and regulations. Any significant failures by them could cause us to incur losses and could harm our reputation.

Included in our now discontinued Apex sale and leaseback program was a total protection plus (“TPP”) program administered and managed by a third-party provider, an affiliate of a global insurance brokerage firm. According to marketing and legal documents provided by the third-party provider, the TPP program would function as a supplemental financial guaranty by providing Apex program customers with protection for the purchase price of such equipment, which could be redeemed by the customer by exercising an option for a cash payout to be paid by the third-party provider after a certain period of time, either 5 or 10 years.

We have also historically offered our iGenius members the opportunity to participate in a TPP program administered and managed by such third-party provider in connection with such members’ purchases of ndau through the Oneiro ndau distribution program. According to marketing and legal documents provided by the third-party provider, the TPP would function to provide a supplemental financial guaranty for the purchase price of the ndau. Customers could redeem such protection by exercising an option for a cash payout to be paid by the third-party provider after 5 or 10 years.

During the fourth calendar quarter of 2021 we temporarily suspended any further offering of the TPP program in connection with the sale of ndau after the third-party provider was unable to comply with our standard vendor compliance protocols, citing certain offshore confidentiality entitlements. That suspension has remained in place as we have been unable to further validate the continued integrity of the TPP program and the vendor’s ability to honor its commitments to our members. We cannot ensure that such third-party provider will comply with its contractual requirements, which could cause our members to not achieve the level of return on their investments expected, and possibly expose us to claims that could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.

Risks Related to our Blockchain Technology and Crypto Mining Products and Services

The further development and acceptance of digital asset networks and other digital assets, which represent a new and rapidly changing industry, are subject to a variety of factors that are difficult to evaluate. The slowing or stopping of the development or acceptance of digital asset systems may adversely affect an investment in us.

Digital assets such as bitcoins, that may be used, among other things, to buy and sell goods and services are a new and rapidly evolving industry of which the digital asset networks are prominent, but not unique, parts. The growth of the digital asset industry in general, and the digital asset networks of bitcoin in particular, are subject to a high degree of uncertainty. The factors affecting the further development of the digital asset industry, as well as the digital asset networks, include:

Our ability to achieve profitability is largely dependent on the price of Bitcoin and ndau, which has historically been volatile.

Our focus on our Bitcoin mining operations and investment in ndau is largely based on our assumptions regarding the future value of Bitcoin and ndau, which has been subject to significant historical volatility and may be subject to influence from malicious actors, real or perceived scarcity, political, economic, and regulatory conditions, and speculation making its price more volatile or creating “bubble” type risks for the trading price of Bitcoin. Further, unlike traditional stock exchanges, which have listing requirements and vet issuers, requiring them to comply with rigorous listing standards and rules, and which monitor transactions for fraud and other improprieties, markets for Bitcoin, ndau and other cryptocurrencies tend to be underregulated, if they are regulated at all. Less stringent cryptocurrency markets have a higher risk of fraud or manipulation and any lack of oversight or perceived lack of transparency could reduce confidence in the price of Bitcoin, ndau and other cryptocurrencies, which could adversely affect their price.

These factors make it difficult to accurately predict the future market price of Bitcoin and ndau and may also inhibit consumer trust in and market acceptance of cryptocurrencies as a means of exchange, which could limit the future adoption of Bitcoin and ndau and, as a result, our assumptions could prove incorrect. If our assumptions prove incorrect and the future price of Bitcoin is not sufficiently high, our income from our Bitcoin mining operations may not exceed our costs, and our operations may never achieve profitability.

Transaction fees may decrease demand for Bitcoin and prevent expansion.

As the number of Bitcoins currency rewards awarded for solving a block in a blockchain has decreased, transaction fees have increasingly been used to incentivize miners to continue to contribute to the Bitcoin network. However, high Bitcoin transaction fees may slow the adoption of Bitcoin as a means of payment, which may decrease demand for Bitcoin and future prices of Bitcoin may suffer as a result. If Bitcoin prices are not sufficiently high, our mining revenue may not exceed our associated costs, and our results of operations and financial condition may suffer. Further, because the price of shares of our common stock may be linked to the price of Bitcoin, if demand for Bitcoin decreases, causing future Bitcoin prices to decrease, the market price of our securities may be materially and adversely affected, limiting our ability to raise additional capital to fund our strategic growth plans.

Bitcoin is subject to Halving, meaning that the Bitcoin rewarded for solving a block will be reduced in the future and its value may not commensurately adjust to compensate us for such reductions, and the overall supply of Bitcoin is finite.

Bitcoin is subject to Halving, which is the process by which the Bitcoin reward for solving a block is reduced by 50% every 210,000 blocks that are solved. This means that the amount of Bitcoin we (or any other miner) are rewarded for solving a block in the Blockchain is permanently cut in half. For example, the latest Halving having occurred in May 2020, with a revised payout of 6.25 Bitcoin per block solved, down from the previous reward rate of 12.5 Bitcoin per block solved. The next Halving date is in 2024. There can be no assurance that the price of Bitcoin will sufficiently increase to justify the increasingly high costs of mining for Bitcoin given the Halving feature. If a corresponding and proportionate increase in the trading price of these cryptocurrencies does not follow these anticipated Halving events, the revenue we earn from our mining operations would see a corresponding decrease, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and operations. To illustrate, even if the price of Bitcoin remains at its price as of today, all other factors being equal (including the same number of miners and a stable hash rate) our revenue would decrease substantially upon the next Halving.

Further, due to the Halving process, unless the underlying code of the Bitcoin Blockchain is altered (which may be unlikely or difficult given its decentralized nature), the supply of Bitcoin is finite. Once 21 million Bitcoin have been generated by virtue of solving blocks in the Blockchain, the network will stop producing more. Currently, there are approximately 19.0 million Bitcoin in circulation representing about 90% of the total supply of Bitcoin under the current source code. For the foregoing reasons, the Halving feature exposes us to inherent uncertainty and reliance upon the historically volatile price of Bitcoin, rendering an investment in us particularly speculative, especially in the long-term. If the price of Bitcoin does not significantly increase in value, your investment could become worthless.

We are subject to risks associated with our need for significant electrical power.

Our Bitcoin mining operations have required significant amounts of electrical power, and, to the extent we purchase additional miners or acquire new miners which require higher energy inputs, our electricity requirements would grow. If we are unable to continue to obtain sufficient electrical power to operate our miners on a cost-effective basis, we may not realize the anticipated benefits of our significant capital investments in new miners. Even at our current energy usage, there can be no guarantee that our operational costs will not increase in the future. Additionally, our mining operations could be materially adversely affected by prolonged power outages, and we may have to reduce or cease our operations in the event of an extended power outage, or as a result of the unavailability or increased cost of electrical power. If this were to occur, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected, and investors in our securities could be harmed.

Changing environmental regulation and public energy policy may expose our business to new risks.

If new environmental and energy regulations, policies, and initiatives enacted by federal and Texas regulators are imposed, or if existing regulations are modified, the assumptions we made underlying our plans and strategic initiatives may be inaccurate, and we may incur additional costs to adapt our planned business, if we are able to adapt at all, to such regulations.

In addition, there continues to be a lack of consistent climate legislation, which creates economic and regulatory uncertainty for our business because the cryptocurrency mining industry, with its high energy demand, may become a target for future environmental and energy regulation. New legislation and increased regulation regarding climate change could impose significant costs on us and our suppliers, including costs related to increased energy requirements, capital equipment, environmental monitoring and reporting, and other costs to comply with such regulations. Further, any future climate change regulations could also negatively impact our ability to compete with companies situated in areas not subject to such limitations.

Given the political significance and uncertainty around the impact of climate change and how it should be addressed, we cannot predict how legislation and regulation will affect our financial condition and results of operations. Further, even without such regulation, increased awareness and any adverse publicity in the global marketplace about potential impacts on climate change by us or other companies in our industry could harm our reputation. Any of the foregoing could result in a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

The compliance costs of responding to new and changing regulation could adversely affect our operations.

We (along with those from whom we purchase electricity) are subject to various federal, state, local, and international environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to the generation, storage, handling, and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes. Certain of these laws and regulations also impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault, for investigation and cleanup costs on current and former owners and operators of real property and persons who have disposed of or released hazardous substances into the environment. Our operations may involve the use of hazardous substances and materials, such as petroleum fuel for emergency generators, as well as batteries, cleaning solutions, and other materials.

Electricity costs could also be affected due to existing or new regulations on greenhouse gas emissions, whether such regulations apply to all consumers of electricity or just to specified uses, such as Bitcoin mining. There has been interest in the U.S. Congress and in the Legislature of the State of Texas in addressing climate change, including through regulation of Bitcoin mining. Past legislative proposals to address climate change include measures ranging from taxes on carbon use or generation to federally imposed limits on greenhouse gas emissions. Further, although Texas has historically sought to maintain some degree of energy independence from the United States as a whole, it is unclear how future legislation and regulation will affect our Texas operations. The course of future legislation and regulation in the United States and in Texas remains difficult to predict, and potential increased costs associated with new legislation or regulation cannot be estimated at this time.

Regulatory changes or actions may alter the nature of an investment in us or restrict the use of cryptocurrencies in a manner that adversely affects our business, prospects, or operations.

As cryptocurrencies have grown in both popularity and market size, governments around the world have reacted differently to cryptocurrencies; certain governments have deemed them illegal, and others have allowed their use and trade without restriction, while in some jurisdictions, such as in the U.S., subject the mining, ownership and exchange of cryptocurrencies to extensive, and in some cases overlapping, unclear and evolving regulatory requirements. Ongoing and future regulatory actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects or operations.

Our interactions with a blockchain may expose us to SDN or blocked persons and new legislation or regulation could adversely impact our business or the market for cryptocurrencies.

The Office of Financial Assets Control (“OFAC”) of the U.S. Department of Treasury requires us to comply with its sanction program and not conduct business with persons named on its specially designated nationals (“SDN”) list. However, because of the pseudonymous nature of blockchain transactions we may inadvertently and without our knowledge engage in transactions with persons named on OFAC’s SDN list. Our Company’s policy prohibits any transactions with such SDN individuals, but we may not be adequately capable of determining the ultimate identity of the individual with whom we transact with respect to selling cryptocurrency assets; for example, the use of cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, as a potential means of avoiding federally-imposed sanctions, such as those imposed in connection with the Russian invasion of Ukraine. On March 2, 2022, a group of United States Senators sent the Secretary of the United States Treasury Department a letter asking Secretary Yellen to investigate its ability to enforce such sanctions vis-à-vis Bitcoin, and on March 8, 2022, President Biden announced an executive order on cryptocurrencies which seeks to establish a unified federal regulatory regime for cryptocurrencies. We are unable to predict the nature or extent of new and proposed legislation and regulation affecting the cryptocurrency industry, or the potential impact of the use of cryptocurrencies by SDN or other blocked or sanctioned persons, which could have material adverse effects on our business and our industry more broadly. Further, we may be subject to investigation, administrative or court proceedings, and civil or criminal monetary fines and penalties as a result of any regulatory enforcement actions, all of which could harm our reputation and affect the value of our common stock.

Bitcoin and Bitcoin mining, as well as cryptocurrencies generally, may be made illegal in certain jurisdictions, including the ones we operate in, which could adversely affect our business prospects and operations.

Although we do not anticipate any material adverse regulations on Bitcoin mining in our jurisdictions of operation, it is possible that state or federal regulators may seek to impose harsh restrictions or total bans on cryptocurrency mining which may make it impossible for us to do business without relocating our mining operations, which could be very costly and time consuming. Further, although Bitcoin and Bitcoin mining, as well as cryptocurrencies generally, are largely unregulated in most countries (including the United States), regulators in certain jurisdictions may undertake new or intensify existing regulatory actions in the future that could severely restrict the right to mine, acquire, own, hold, sell, or use cryptocurrency or to exchange it for traditional fiat currency such as the United States Dollar. Such restrictions may adversely affect us as the large-scale use of cryptocurrencies as a means of exchange is presently confined to certain regions globally. Such circumstances could have a material adverse effect on us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects or operations and potentially the value of any Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies we mine or otherwise acquire or hold for our own account, and thus negatively affect the value of our common stock.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

We may need to raise additional capital to execute on our growth plan. If we are unable to raise additional capital, our business may fail.

Although our current financial resources are sufficient for us to sustain our existing operations, we may be required to raise additional capital to help finance our planned growth within the financial services sector. If we find that we need, but are unable, to obtain adequate additional financing, we may not be able to successfully market and sell our products and our business operations will most likely be discontinued. To secure additional financing, we may need to borrow money or sell more securities. Under these circumstances, we may be unable to secure additional financing on favorable terms or at all. Selling additional stock, either privately or publicly, would dilute the equity interests of our stockholders. If we borrow money, we will have to pay interest and may also have to agree to restrictions that limit our operating flexibility. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing on terms acceptable to us, we may have to curtail business operations, which would have a material negative effect on operating results and most likely result in a lower stock price.

Our common stock price has been and may continue to be extremely volatile.

Our common stock has closed as low as $0.01 per share and as high as $0.11 per share during the year ended December 31, 2022. We believe this volatility may be caused, in part, by variations in our quarterly operating results, delays in development of our technologies, changes in market valuations of similar companies, and the volume of our stock in the market.

Additionally, in recent years the stock market in general, and the OTC Markets and technology stocks in particular, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. In some cases, these fluctuations are unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the underlying company. These market and industry factors may materially and adversely affect our stock price regardless of our operating performance. The historical trading of our common stock is not necessarily an indicator of how it will trade in the future and our trading price as of the date of this report is not necessarily an indicator of what the trading price of our common stock might be in the future.

In the past, class action litigation has often been brought against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of those companies’ common stock. If we become involved in this type of litigation in the future it could result in substantial costs and diversion of management attention and resources, which could have a further negative effect on our stock price.

The trading price of shares of our common stock may increase or decrease as does the trading price of Bitcoin and other digital currencies, which subject investors to pricing risks, including “bubble” type risks, and volatility.

Because of our connection with Bitcoin and other digital currencies, the trading prices of our common stock may at times be tied to the trading prices of Bitcoin and such other digital currencies. Specifically, we may experience adverse effects on our stock price when the value of Bitcoin or other digital currencies drops. Furthermore, if the market for Bitcoin or other digital currency company stocks or the stock market in general experiences a loss of investor confidence, the trading price of our stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business, operating results or financial condition. The trading price of our common stock could be subject to arbitrary pricing factors that are not necessarily associated with traditional factors that influence stock prices or the value of non-cryptocurrency assets such as revenue, cash flows, profitability, growth prospects or business activity since the value and price, as determined by the investing public, may be influenced by uncertain contingencies such as future anticipated adoption or appreciation in value of cryptocurrencies or Blockchains generally, and other factors over which we have little or no influence or control.

Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency market prices, which have historically been volatile and are impacted by a variety of factors, are determined primarily using data from various exchanges, over-the-counter markets and derivative platforms. Furthermore, such prices may be subject to factors such as those that impact commodities, more so than business activities, which could be subjected to additional influence from fraudulent or illegitimate actors, real or perceived scarcity, and political, economic, regulatory or other conditions. Pricing may be the result of, and may continue to result in, speculation regarding future appreciation in the value of cryptocurrencies, or our share price, making their market prices more volatile or creating “bubble” type risks for the trading price of Bitcoin.

Shares of our common stock may never become eligible for trading on Nasdaq or a national securities exchange.

We cannot assure that we will ever be listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market or on another national securities exchange. Listing on one of the Nasdaq markets or one of the national securities exchanges is subject to a variety of requirements, including minimum trading price and minimum public “float” requirements. There are also continuing eligibility requirements for companies listed on national securities exchanges. If we are unable to satisfy the initial or continuing eligibility requirements of any such market, then our stock may not be listed or could be delisted. This could result in a lower trading price for our common stock and may limit the ability of our stockholders to sell their shares, which could result in a loss of some or all of their investments.

If we fail to file periodic reports with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, our common stock will not be able to be traded on the OTCQB.

Although our common stock trades on the OTCQB, a regular trading market for our common stock may not be sustained in the future. OTC Markets limits quotation on the OTCQB to securities of issuers that are current in their reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. If we fail to remain current in the filing of our reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission, our common stock will not be able to be traded on the OTCQB. We have experienced a limited period within which we failed to remain current in the filing of this Report on Form 10-K. The OTCQB is an inter-dealer market that provides significantly less liquidity than a national securities exchange or automated quotation system.

Because we have no plans to pay dividends on our common stock, stockholders must look solely to appreciation of our common stock to realize a gain on their investments.

We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance the expansion of our business. Our future dividend policy is within the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon numerous factors, including our business, financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, and investment opportunities. Accordingly, stockholders must look solely to appreciation of our common stock to realize a gain on their investment. This appreciation may not occur.

Certain provisions of Nevada law and of our governing documents may inhibit a potential acquisition of our company, and this could negatively impact our stock price.

Nevada corporate law and our governing documents include provisions that could delay, defer, or prevent a change in control of our company or our management. These provisions could discourage information contests and make it more difficult for our stockholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions. As a result, these provisions could limit the price that investors are willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. For example:

Our indemnification of our directors and officers may limit the rights of our stockholders.

While our board of directors and officers are generally accountable to our stockholders and us, the liability of our directors and officers to all parties is limited in certain respects under applicable state law and our articles of incorporation and bylaws, as in effect. Further, we have agreed or may agree to indemnify our directors and officers against liabilities not attributable to certain limited circumstances. This limitation of liability and indemnity may limit rights that our stockholders would otherwise have to seek redress against our directors and officers.

Conversion of existing convertible notes purchased by DBR Capital could cause additional substantial dilution to our stockholders.

Under the terms of its convertible notes, DBR Capital has the right to convert an aggregate of $3.3 million in principal of convertible notes into shares of our common stock at a conversion price of $0.007 per share. Even exclusive of interest that could accrue on these notes, conversion of just the outstanding principal of these notes would result in the issuance to DBR Capital of approximately 471 million additional shares of our common stock. Substantial additional dilution could be experienced by our shareholders should DBR Capital advance and ultimately convert additional notes up to of $7.7 million on or before December 31, 2024.

Special Governance Rights included within DBR Capital’s investments enable DBR Capital to retain significant control of the Company for the foreseeable future.

In connection with its investment, DBR Capital, LLC, has been accorded certain special governance rights, including the right to appoint four of our seven directors, and to require that certain capital, financial and other material actions of our board of directors be approved by at least one DBR Capital-appointed director, who shall be David B. Rothrock if he is then serving as a director. The special governance rights shall remain in place for so long as DBR Capital holds a convertible note or any of our other securities.

Additional issuances of stock options and warrants, convertible notes, and stock grants will cause additional substantial dilution to our stockholders.

Given our growth plans, and given our current limited cash resources, it is possible that in the future we will need to issue additional warrants, stock grants, and convertible debt to finance our future business operations and acquisitions and strategic relationships. The issuance of additional shares of common stock, the exercise of warrants, and the conversion of debt to stock could cause additional dilution to our stockholders and could have further adverse effects on the market price for our securities or on our ability to obtain future financing. The 2018 increase in our authorized common shares from two billion to ten billion increased the magnitude of this risk substantially.

We may be caused to issue a substantial number of shares of our common stock to our former Chief Executive Officer if our attempts to retire his note in cash are unsuccessful.

We issued a promissory note to our former Chief Executive Officer, Joseph Cammarata, which, following certain modifications, on or about March 30, 2021 was restated in the principal amount of $1,550,000 (the “Cammarata Note”). Although not originally convertible, as per the March 30, 2021 amendment, the Cammarata Note became convertible at $0.02 per share, Thereafter, effective September 21, 2021 and following another modification, the conversion price under the Cammarata Note was reduced to $0.008 per share. During February 2022, we provided 30 days’ notice of our intent to retire and repay the Cammarata Note in cash. Having not timely received a properly executed conversion notice within the proscribed period, and citing certain other damages incurred by us arising from Mr. Cammarata’s ongoing legal proceedings, on or about March 31, 2022, we tendered to Mr. Cammarata cash payment in full for the Cammarata Note. As of the date of this Report, Mr. Cammarata has not accepted our tender of the cash payment, and instead has asserted his entitlement to exercise his right to convert the Cammarata Note into our common shares. Although we believe that our cash tender was appropriate under the terms of the Cammarata Note and otherwise at law, if Mr. Cammarata elects to challenge our cash tender in a court proceeding, and if we are unable to sustain our legal position on the matter, Mr. Cammarata could receive up to approximately 203 million shares of our common stock upon conversion of the Cammarata Note.

The amount of authorized common stock may result in management implementing anti-takeover procedures by issuing new securities.

The proportion of unissued authorized shares to issued shares could, under certain circumstances, have an anti-takeover effect, for example, by permitting issuances that would dilute the stock ownership of a person seeking to effect a change in the composition of our board of directors or contemplating a tender offer or other transaction for the combination of our company with another entity. Although, we have no current plans to issue additional stock for this purpose, management could use the additional shares that are now available or that may be available after a possible further recapitalization to resist or frustrate a third-party transaction. Generally, no stockholder approval would be necessary for the issuance of all or any portion of the additional shares of common stock unless required by law or any rules or regulations to which we are subject.

Our stockholders may not recoup all or any portion of their investment upon our dissolution.

In the event of a liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up of our company, whether voluntary or involuntary, our net remaining proceeds and/or assets, after paying all of our debts and liabilities, will be distributed to the holders of common stock on a pro-rata basis. We cannot assure that we will have available assets to pay to the holders of common stock any amounts upon such a liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up of our company. In this event, our stockholders could lose some or all of their investment.

Negative publicity may have an adverse effect on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

Unfavorable publicity on our business or products, particularly associated with the ongoing regulatory matters with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the recent termination of our former CEO following the announcement of civil and criminal charges filed against him in connection with activities unrelated to Investview and its businesses, could negatively impact our reputation, our ability to attract, motivate, and retain members and distributors, and our ability to generate revenue.