DOW JONES NEWSWIRES 
 

Cocaine use by U.S. workers and job applicants dropped sharply last year according to Quest Diagnostics' (DGX) annual drug testing index, with the findings attributed to workplace drug-testing programs.

But the findings also saw that the positive rate for the general work force is sharply higher than job applicants as the workers are far less likely to expect to be tested.

The lab-services concern said the overall rate of positive urine tests for cocaine slid 29% last year to 0.41%. The rate also fell 21% for methamphetimines to 0.11%, but it rose 13% for amphetimines to 0.45%. All three are stimulants, which typically are used to increase alertness and relieve fatigue.

"The implementation of workplace drug testing programs has significantly reduced drug abuse in worker populations subject to drug testing," said Robert Willette, president of Duo Research and former Chief of the Research Technology Branch of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

But he said the amphetamine rise could be tied to "the significant increase" in drugs prescribed for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Overall drug use in the U.S. workforce has fallen over the 19 years since Quest Diagnostics first published the Drug Testing Index. Then, 13.6% of workers tested positive for drug use, compared with 3.6% in 2008 and 3.8% a year earlier.

Still, positives among workers was 47% higher than applicants - 5.3% versus 3.6%. But the rate among so-called safety-sensitive workers was 1.4%, compared with the pre-employment rate of 1.7%. People in such jobs "understand that they can be subject to a random drug test at any time," said Quest.

-By Mike Barris, Dow Jones Newswires; 201-938-5658; mike.barris@dowjones.com