BNS Bank Nova Scotia Halifax

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)

Registration No. 333-261476

The Bank of Nova Scotia

$6,524,000 Autocallable Contingent Coupon Trigger Notes

Linked to the Common Stock of Amazon.com, Inc. Due September 12, 2025

If the closing price of the common stock of Amazon.com, Inc. (the reference asset) on any observation date is less than 76.00% of the initial price, you will not receive a contingent coupon on the corresponding coupon payment date. The amount that you will be paid on your notes is based on the performance of the reference asset.

The notes will mature on the maturity date (September 12, 2025), unless they are automatically called on any observation date, commencing in February 2025 to and including August 2025. Your notes will be automatically called if the closing price of the reference asset on any such observation date is equal to or greater than the initial price of $166.94 (which was the closing price of the reference asset on the trade date (August 9, 2024)). If your notes are automatically called, you will receive a payment for each $1,000 principal amount of your notes on the corresponding payment date (the 3rd business day after the relevant observation date) equal to $1,000 plus the contingent coupon with respect to such observation date (as described below).

Observation dates are the 9th calendar day of each month, commencing in September 2024 and ending in September 2025. If, on any observation date, the closing price of the reference asset is equal to or greater than 76.00% of the initial price, you will receive on the corresponding coupon payment date a contingent coupon of $9.459 for each $1,000 principal amount of your notes (equal to 0.9459% monthly, or the potential for up to approximately 11.35% per annum).

If your notes are not automatically called, the return on your notes, in addition to any contingent coupon otherwise due, will be based on the reference asset return, which is the percentage increase or decrease from the initial price to the final price, which will be the closing price of the reference asset on the final valuation date (September 9, 2025). At maturity, for each $1,000 principal amount of your notes you will receive an amount in cash equal to:

If the final price is less than 76.00% of the initial price, the return on your notes will be negative and will equal the reference asset return. Specifically, you will lose 1% for every 1% that the final price is less than the initial price, and you could lose up to your entire investment in the notes. In such event, you will receive less than the principal amount of your notes and no contingent coupon. Any payment on your notes is subject to the creditworthiness of The Bank of Nova Scotia.

Investment in the notes involves certain risks. You should refer to “Additional Risks” beginning on page P-16 of this pricing supplement and “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes” beginning on page PS-6 of the accompanying product supplement and “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying prospectus supplement and on page 7 of the accompanying prospectus.

The initial estimated value of your notes at the time the terms of your notes were set on the trade date was $966.90 per $1,000 principal amount, which is less than the original issue price of your notes listed below. See “Additional Information Regarding Estimated Value of the Notes” on the following page and “Additional Risks” beginning on page P-16 of this document for additional information. The actual value of your notes at any time will reflect many factors and cannot be predicted with accuracy.

¹ For additional information, see “Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” herein.

Neither the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement, the accompanying prospectus, prospectus supplement or product supplement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The notes are not insured by the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “CDIC”) pursuant to the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation Act (the “CDIC Act”) or the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency of Canada, the United States or any other jurisdiction.

Pricing Supplement dated August 9, 2024

The Autocallable Contingent Coupon Trigger Notes Linked to the Common Stock of Amazon.com, Inc. Due September 12, 2025 (the “notes”) offered hereunder are unsubordinated and unsecured obligations of The Bank of Nova Scotia (the “Bank”) and are subject to investment risks including possible loss of the principal amount invested due to the negative performance of the reference asset and the credit risk of the Bank. As used in this pricing supplement, the “Bank,” “we,” “us” or “our” refers to The Bank of Nova Scotia. The notes will not be listed on any U.S. securities exchange or automated quotation system.

The notes are derivative products based on the performance of the reference asset. The notes do not constitute a direct investment in the reference asset. By acquiring the notes, you will not have a direct economic or other interest in, claim or entitlement to, or any legal or beneficial ownership of the reference asset including, without limitation, any voting rights or rights to receive dividends or other distributions.

Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. (“SCUSA”), our affiliate, has agreed to purchase the notes from us for distribution to other registered broker dealers. SCUSA or any of its affiliates or agents may use this pricing supplement in market-making transactions in notes after their initial sale. Unless we, SCUSA or another of our affiliates or agents selling such notes to you informs you otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this pricing supplement is being used in a market-making transaction. See “Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in this pricing supplement and “Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying product supplement.

The original issue price, commissions and proceeds to the Bank listed above relate to the notes we issue initially. We may decide to sell additional notes after the date of this pricing supplement, at original issue prices and with commissions and proceeds to the Bank that differ from the amounts set forth above. The return (whether positive or negative) on your investment in the notes will depend in part on the original issue price you pay for such notes.

Additional Information Regarding Estimated Value of the Notes

On the cover page of this pricing supplement, the Bank has provided the initial estimated value for the notes. The initial estimated value was determined by reference to the Bank’s internal pricing models, which take into consideration certain factors, such as the Bank’s internal funding rate on the trade date and the Bank’s assumptions about market parameters. For more information about the initial estimated value, see “Additional Risks — Risks Relating to Estimated Value and Liquidity” herein.

The economic terms of the notes (including the contingent coupon) are based on the Bank’s internal funding rate, which is the rate the Bank would pay to borrow funds through the issuance of similar market-linked notes, the underwriting commissions, the structuring fee, other costs associated with selling and structuring the notes and the economic terms of certain related hedging arrangements. Due to these factors, the original issue price you pay to purchase the notes is greater than the initial estimated value of the notes. The Bank’s internal funding rate is typically lower than the rate the Bank would pay when it issues conventional fixed rate debt securities as discussed further under “Additional Risks — Risks Relating to Estimated Value and Liquidity — Neither the Bank’s nor GS&Co.’s estimated value of the notes at any time is determined by reference to credit spreads or the borrowing rate the Bank would pay for its conventional fixed-rate debt securities”. The Bank’s use of its internal funding rate reduces the economic terms of the notes to you.

The value of your notes at any time will reflect many factors and cannot be predicted; however, the price (not including Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC’s (“GS&Co.’s”) customary bid and ask spreads) at which GS&Co. would initially buy or sell notes in the secondary market (if GS&Co. makes a market, which it is not obligated to do) and the value that GS&Co. will initially use for account statements and otherwise is equal to approximately GS&Co.’s estimate of the market value of your notes on the trade date, based on its pricing models and taking into account the Bank’s internal funding rate, plus an additional amount (initially equal to $41.00 per $1,000 principal amount).

Prior to November 9, 2024, the price (not including GS&Co.’s customary bid and ask spreads) at which GS&Co. would buy or sell your notes (if it makes a market, which it is not obligated to do) will equal approximately the sum of (a) the then-current estimated value of your notes (as determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing models) plus (b) any remaining additional amount (the additional amount will decline to zero on a straight-line basis from the time of pricing through November 8, 2024). On and after November 9, 2024, the price (not including GS&Co.’s customary bid and ask spreads) at which GS&Co. would buy or sell your notes (if it makes a market) will equal approximately the then-current estimated value of your notes determined by reference to such pricing models. For additional information regarding the value of your notes shown in your GS&Co. account statements and the price at which GS&Co. would buy or sell your notes (if GS&Co. makes a market, which it is not obligated to do), each based on GS&Co.’s pricing models; see “Additional Risks — Risks Relating to Estimated Value and Liquidity — The price at which GS&Co. would buy or sell your notes (if GS&Co. makes a market, which it is not obligated to do) will be based on GS&Co.’s estimated value of your notes” herein.

We urge you to read the “Additional Risks” beginning on page P-16 of this pricing supplement.

The information in this “Summary” section is qualified by the more detailed information set forth in this pricing supplement, the accompanying prospectus, prospectus supplement and product supplement, each filed with the SEC. See “Additional Terms of Your Notes” in this pricing supplement.

Investing in the notes involves significant risks. You may lose all or a substantial portion of your investment. Any payment on the notes, including any repayment of principal, is subject to the creditworthiness of the Bank. If the Bank were to default on its payment obligations you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose up to your entire investment.

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You should read this pricing supplement together with the prospectus dated December 29, 2021, as supplemented by the prospectus supplement dated December 29, 2021 and the product supplement (Market-Linked Notes, Series A) dated December 29, 2021, relating to our Senior Note Program, Series A, of which these notes are a part. Capitalized terms used but not defined in this pricing supplement will have the meanings given to them in the product supplement. In the event of any conflict between this pricing supplement and any of the foregoing, the following hierarchy will govern: first, this pricing supplement; second, the accompanying product supplement; third, the prospectus supplement; and last, the prospectus. The notes may vary from the terms described in the accompanying prospectus, prospectus supplement and product supplement in several important ways. You should read this pricing supplement carefully, including the documents incorporated by reference herein.

This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, brochures or other educational materials of ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes” in the accompanying product supplement, as the notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisors concerning an investment in the notes. You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if that address has changed, by reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website).

Product Supplement (Market-Linked Notes, Series A) dated December 29, 2021:

Prospectus Supplement dated December 29, 2021:

Prospectus dated December 29, 2021:

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The notes may be suitable for you if:

The notes may not be suitable for you if:

The investor suitability considerations identified above are not exhaustive. Whether or not the notes are a suitable investment for you will depend on your individual circumstances and you and your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisors have carefully considered the suitability of an investment in the notes in light of your particular circumstances. You should also review “Additional Risks” in this pricing supplement and the “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes” beginning on page PS-6 of the accompanying product supplement and “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying prospectus supplement and on page 7 of the accompanying prospectus for risks related to an investment in the notes.

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The examples set out below are included for illustration purposes only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and are intended merely to illustrate the impact that the various hypothetical closing prices and final price of the reference asset on an observation date, call observation date and on the final valuation date, respectively, could have on the amount payable on a coupon payment date or the payment at maturity, as the case may be, assuming all other variables remain constant.

The examples below are based on a range of closing prices that are entirely hypothetical; the prices of the reference asset on any day throughout the term of the notes, including the closing price on any observation date or call observation date or the final price on the final valuation date, cannot be predicted. The reference asset has been highly volatile in the past, meaning that the price of the reference asset has changed considerably in relatively short periods, and its performance cannot be predicted for any future period.

The information in the following examples reflects hypothetical rates of return on the notes assuming that they are purchased on the original issue date at the principal amount and held to the call payment date upon an automatic call or the maturity date, as the case may be. If you sell your notes in a secondary market prior to an automatic call or the maturity date, as the case may be, your return will depend upon the market value of your notes at the time of sale, which may be affected by a number of factors that are not reflected in the examples below, such as interest rates, the volatility of the reference asset and our creditworthiness. In addition, the estimated value of your notes at the time the terms of your notes were set on the trade date (as determined by reference to pricing models used by us) is less than the original issue price of your notes. For more information on the estimated value of your notes, see “Additional Risks — Risks Relating to Estimated Value and Liquidity — The Bank’s initial estimated value of the notes at the time of pricing (when the terms of your notes were set on the trade date) is lower than the original issue price of the notes” herein. The information in the examples also reflect the key terms and assumptions in the box below.

The actual performance of the reference asset over the term of your notes, the actual closing price of the reference asset on any observation date or call observation date, the contingent coupon payable, if any, on any coupon payment date, as well as the amount payable upon an automatic call or at maturity, if any, may bear little relation to the hypothetical examples shown below or to the historical prices of the reference asset shown elsewhere in this pricing supplement. For information about the historical prices of the reference asset, see “Information Regarding the Reference Asset” below.

Also, the hypothetical examples shown below do not take into account the effects of applicable taxes. Because of the U.S. tax treatment applicable to your notes, tax liabilities could affect the after-tax rate of return on your notes to a comparatively greater extent than the after-tax return on the reference asset.

Hypothetical Contingent Coupon Payments

The examples below show hypothetical performance of the reference asset and the effect of the automatic call feature, as well as the hypothetical contingent coupons, if any, that we would pay on each coupon payment date with respect to each $1,000 principal amount of the notes if the closing price of the reference asset is equal to or greater than the coupon barrier on the applicable observation date. These below scenarios reflect only the payment of any hypothetical contingent coupons

with respect to each observation date and the effect of the automatic call feature, and do not reflect the payment at maturity if the notes are not automatically called.

Scenario 1

* Each of these hypothetical observation dates is also a hypothetical call observation date.

** The hypothetical closing price of the reference asset on the hypothetical observation date is equal to or greater than the coupon barrier.

In this scenario, the closing price of the reference asset increases and decreases by varying amounts on each hypothetical observation date. Because the closing price of the reference asset is less than the initial price on each hypothetical call observation date, the notes will not be automatically called. Because the closing price of the reference asset on the third and sixth hypothetical observation dates is equal to or greater than the coupon barrier, you would receive the contingent coupon with respect to each such hypothetical observation date. Because the closing price of the reference asset on all of the other hypothetical observation dates is less than the coupon barrier, no other contingent coupons would be paid, including at maturity. The total of the hypothetical contingent coupons you would receive in this scenario is $18.918. Because the final price is less than the trigger price, you will receive an amount in cash that is less than the principal amount, resulting in a loss of 1% of the principal amount of the notes for every 1% that the final price is less than the initial price. See “Hypothetical Payments at Maturity” below.

Scenario 2

* Each of these hypothetical observation dates is also a hypothetical call observation date.

In this scenario, the closing price of the reference asset increases and decreases by varying amounts on each hypothetical observation date. Because the closing price of the reference asset is less than the initial price on each hypothetical call observation date, the notes will not be automatically called. Because the closing price of the reference asset on each hypothetical observation date is less than the coupon barrier, you will not receive any contingent coupons during the term of the notes. Accordingly, you would not receive a positive return on the notes. Conversely, because the final price is less than the trigger price, you will receive an amount in cash that is less than the principal amount, resulting in a loss of 1% of the principal amount of the notes for every 1% that the final price is less than the initial price. See “Hypothetical Payments at Maturity” below.

Scenario 3

* Each of these hypothetical observation dates is also a hypothetical call observation date.

In this scenario, on each of the hypothetical observation dates prior to the sixth observation date the closing price of the reference asset is less than the coupon barrier and, accordingly, no contingent coupon is due with respect to any such hypothetical observation date. On the sixth hypothetical observation date, which is also the first hypothetical call observation date, the closing price of the reference asset is equal to or greater than the initial price and the notes are therefore automatically called. On the corresponding call payment date, in addition to the contingent coupon of $9.459, you will receive an amount in cash equal to $1,000 for each $1,000 principal amount of your notes. In this scenario, your total return on the notes would be 0.9459%.

Hypothetical Payment at Maturity

If the notes are not automatically called on any call observation date (i.e., on each of the call observation dates the closing price of the reference asset is less than the initial price), the payment at maturity we would pay for each $1,000 principal amount of your notes will depend on the performance of the reference asset, as shown in the table below. The table below assumes that the notes have not been automatically called on any call observation date and reflects the hypothetical payment at maturity that you could receive. The prices in the left column of the table below represent hypothetical final prices and are expressed as percentages of the initial price. The amounts in the right column of the table below represent the hypothetical payment at maturity, based on the corresponding hypothetical final price, and are expressed as percentages of the principal amount of a note (rounded to the nearest thousandth of a percent). Thus, a hypothetical payment at maturity of 100.000% means that the value of the payment that we would pay for each $1,000 of the outstanding principal amount of the notes on the maturity date would equal 100.000% of the principal amount of a note, based on the corresponding hypothetical final price and the assumptions noted above, and calculated as of the final valuation date.

* Does not include the final contingent coupon, if any.

If, for example, the notes have not been automatically called and the final price were determined to be 25.000% of the initial price, the amount that we would pay on your notes at maturity would be 25.000% of the principal amount of your notes, as shown in the table above. As a result, if you purchased your notes on the original issue date at the principal amount and held them to the maturity date, you would lose 75.000% of your investment (if you purchased your notes at a premium to the principal amount you would lose a correspondingly higher percentage of your investment). If the final price were determined to be 150.000% of the initial price, the payment at maturity that we would pay on your notes (in addition to the contingent coupon with respect to the final valuation date) would be limited to 100.000% of each $1,000 principal amount of your notes, as shown in the table above. As a result, if you held your notes to maturity, you would not benefit from any increase in the final price from the initial price.

Any payment on the notes, including any repayment of principal, is subject to the creditworthiness of the Bank. If the Bank were to default on its payment obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose up to your entire investment.

The amounts payable on the notes on a coupon payment date, upon an automatic call or at maturity shown above are entirely hypothetical; they are based on hypothetical prices of the reference asset that may not be achieved on an observation date (including the final valuation date) or a call observation date and on assumptions that may prove to be erroneous. The actual market value of your notes on the maturity date or at any other time, including any time you may wish to sell your notes, may bear little relation to the hypothetical contingent coupons or hypothetical payments upon an automatic call or at maturity shown above, and these amounts should not be viewed as an indication of the financial return on an investment in the notes. The hypothetical payments of any contingent coupons or upon an automatic call or at maturity on the notes held to a call payment date or the maturity date in the examples above assume you purchased your notes at their principal amount and have not been adjusted to reflect the actual original issue price you pay for your notes. The return on your investment (whether positive or negative) in your notes will be affected by the amount you pay for your notes. If you purchase your notes for a price other than the principal amount, the return on your investment will differ from, and may be significantly lower than, the hypothetical returns suggested by the above examples. Please read “Additional Risks — Risks Relating to Estimated Value and Liquidity — The price at which the notes may be sold prior to maturity will depend on a number of factors and may be substantially less than the amount for which they were originally purchased” herein.

Payments on the notes are economically equivalent to the amounts that would be paid on a combination of other instruments. For example, payments on the notes are economically equivalent to a combination of an interest-bearing bond bought by the holder and one or more options entered into between the holder and us (with one or more implicit option premiums paid over time). The discussion in this paragraph does not modify or affect the terms of the notes or the U.S. federal income tax treatment of the notes, as described elsewhere in this pricing supplement.

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An investment in the notes involves significant risks. In addition to the following risks included in this pricing supplement, we urge you to read “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes” beginning on page PS-6 of the accompanying product supplement and “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying prospectus supplement and page 7 of the accompanying prospectus.

You should understand the risks of investing in the notes and should reach an investment decision only after careful consideration, with your advisors, of the suitability of the notes in light of your particular financial circumstances and the information set forth in this pricing supplement and the accompanying prospectus, prospectus supplement and product supplement.

If your notes are not automatically called and the final price is less than the trigger price, you will receive less than the principal amount of your notes and you could lose all or a substantial portion of your investment in the notes. This means that while a decrease in the final price to the trigger price will not result in a loss of principal on the notes, a decrease in the final price to less than the trigger price will result in a loss of a significant portion of the principal amount of the notes despite only a small incremental change in the price of the reference asset.

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the price of the reference asset;

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the volatility – i.e., the frequency and magnitude of changes – in the closing price of the reference asset;

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the dividend rate of the reference asset;

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economic, financial, political, military, regulatory, legal, public health and other events that affect the applicable securities markets generally and which may affect the closing price of the reference asset;

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interest rate and yield rates in the market;

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the time remaining until your notes mature; and

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our creditworthiness, whether actual or perceived, and including actual or anticipated upgrades or downgrades in our credit ratings or changes in other credit measures.

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The reference asset is registered with the SEC. Companies with securities registered with the SEC are required to file periodically certain financial and other information specified by the SEC. Information provided to or filed with the SEC can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC or through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

We have derived all information contained herein regarding the reference asset from publicly available information. Information from outside sources is not incorporated by reference in, and should not be considered part of, this pricing supplement or any document incorporated herein by reference. We have not undertaken an independent review or due diligence of any publicly available information regarding the reference asset. The closing prices for the reference asset may be adjusted by Bloomberg Professional^® (“Bloomberg”). for corporate actions such as stock splits, public offerings, mergers and acquisitions, spin-offs, delistings and bankruptcy.

Amazon.com, Inc.

According to publicly available information, Amazon.com, Inc. (“Amazon”) is an online retail company and producer of electronic devices and media content. Information filed by Amazon with the SEC can be located by reference to its SEC file number: 000-22513, or its CIK Code: 0001018724. Amazon’s common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “AMZN”.

Historical Information

We obtained the information regarding the historical performance of the reference asset in the graph below from Bloomberg, without independent review or verification. The graph below illustrates the performance of the reference asset from January 1, 2019 through August 9, 2024. The closing price of the reference asset on August 9, 2024 was $166.94. The daily historical closing prices for the reference asset in the graph below have been adjusted for a 20-for-1 stock split that became effective before the market open on June 6, 2022.

Past performance of the reference asset is not indicative of the future performance of the reference asset. No assurance can be given as to the closing price of the reference asset on any day during the term of the notes, and we cannot give you any assurance that the performance of the reference asset will result in a positive return on your investment.

Historical Performance of the Common Stock of Amazon.com, Inc.

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SCUSA, our affiliate, has agreed to purchase the notes at the principal amount and, as part of the distribution of the notes, has agreed to sell the notes to GS&Co. at a discount reflecting selling commissions of 1.50% of the principal amount. In accordance with the terms of a distributor accession letter, GS&Co. has been appointed as a distribution agent under the distribution agreement and may purchase notes from the Bank or its affiliates for sale to the public at the original issue price set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement and to a securities dealer at such price less a concession of 1.50% of the principal amount. In addition to the concession described above, GS&Co. will pay a structuring fee of 0.65% of the principal amount to an affiliate of such dealer in connection with certain services provided by such affiliate to the dealer.

A fee will also be paid to iCapital Markets LLC, a broker-dealer in which an affiliate of GS&Co. holds an indirect minority equity interest, for services it is providing in connection with this offering.

At the time we issue the notes, we will enter into certain hedging arrangements (which may include call options, put options or other derivatives) with GS&Co. or one of its affiliates.

In addition, SCUSA, GS&Co. and their respective affiliates or agents may use the accompanying product supplement to which this pricing supplement relates in market-making transactions after the initial sale of the notes. While SCUSA and GS&Co. may make markets in the notes, they are under no obligation to do so and may discontinue any market-making activities at any time without notice. See the sections titled “Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying prospectus supplement and accompanying product supplement.

The price at which you purchase the notes includes costs that the Bank, GS&Co. or our or their respective affiliates expect to incur and profits that the Bank, GS&Co. or our or their respective affiliates expect to realize in connection with hedging activities related to the notes, as set forth above. These costs and profits will likely reduce the secondary market price, if any secondary market develops, for the notes. As a result, you may experience an immediate and substantial decline in the market value of your notes on the trade date.

Conflicts of Interest

SCUSA is an affiliate of the Bank and, as such, has a “conflict of interest” in this offering within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121. In addition, the Bank will receive the gross proceeds from the initial public offering of the notes, thus creating an additional conflict of interest within the meaning of Rule 5121. Consequently, the offering is being conducted in compliance with the provisions of Rule 5121. SCUSA is not permitted to sell notes in this offering to an account over which it exercises discretionary authority without the prior specific written approval of the account holder.

SCUSA, GS&Co. and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. SCUSA, GS&Co. and their respective affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various financial advisory and investment banking services for the Bank, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses.

In the ordinary course of their various business activities, SCUSA, GS&Co. and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of the Bank. SCUSA, GS&Co. and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

Additionally, because the dealer from which you purchase the notes is to conduct hedging activities for us in connection with the notes, that dealer may profit in connection with such hedging activities and such profit, if any, will be in addition to the compensation that the dealer receives for the sale of the notes to you. You should be aware that the potential to earn fees in connection with hedging activities may create a further incentive for the dealer to sell the notes to you in addition to the compensation they would receive for the sale of the notes.

Prohibition of Sales to EEA Retail Investors

The notes are not intended to be offered, sold or otherwise made available to and should not be offered, sold or otherwise made available to any retail investor in the European Economic Area (“EEA”). For these purposes, a retail investor means a person who is one (or more) of: (i) a retail client as defined in point (11) of Article 4(1) of Directive 2014/65/EU, as amended (“MiFID II”); (ii) a customer within the meaning of Directive (EU) 2016/97, as amended, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of Article 4(1) of MiFID II; or (iii) not a qualified investor as defined in Regulation (EU) 2017/1129, as amended. Consequently, no key information document required by Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014, as amended (the “PRIIPs Regulation”), for offering or selling the notes or otherwise making them available to retail investors in the EEA has been prepared and therefore offering or selling the notes or otherwise making them available to any retail investor in the EEA may be unlawful under the PRIIPs Regulation.

Prohibition of Sales to United Kingdom Retail Investors

The only categories of person in the United Kingdom to whom this pricing supplement may be distributed are those persons who (i) have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within the definition of investment professionals (as defined in Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (as amended, the “Financial Promotion Order”)), (ii) are persons falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) (“high net worth companies, unincorporated associations etc.”) of the Financial Promotion Order, or (iii) are persons to whom an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“FSMA”)) in connection with the issue or sale of any securities may otherwise lawfully be communicated or caused to be communicated (all such persons in (i)-(iii) above together being referred to as “Relevant Persons”). This pricing supplement is directed only at Relevant Persons and must not be acted on or relied on by persons who are not Relevant Persons. Any investment or investment activity to which this pricing supplement relates is available only to Relevant Persons and will be engaged in only with Relevant Persons. This pricing supplement may only be provided to persons in the United Kingdom in circumstances where section 21(1) of FSMA does not apply to the Bank. The notes are not being offered to “retail investors” within the meaning of the Packaged Retail and Insurance-based Investment Products Regulations 2017 and accordingly no Key Information Document has been produced under these regulations.

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See “Supplemental Discussion of Canadian Tax Consequences” in the accompanying product supplement. In addition to the assumptions, limitations and conditions described therein, such discussion assumes that a Non-Resident Holder is not an entity in respect of which the Bank is a “specified entity” as defined in the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the “Act”).

Such discussion further assumes that no amount paid or payable to a Non-Resident Holder will be the deduction component of a “hybrid mismatch arrangement” under which the payment arises within the meaning of paragraph 18.4(3)(b) of the Act.

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The U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in the notes are uncertain. There are no statutory provisions, regulations, published rulings or judicial decisions addressing the characterization for U.S. federal income tax purposes of securities with terms that are substantially the same as the notes. No ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) has been sought as to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in the notes, and the following discussion is not binding on the IRS. Some of these tax consequences are summarized below, but we urge you to read the more detailed discussion under “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” in the product supplement and to discuss the tax consequences of your particular situation with your tax advisor. This discussion is based upon the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), final, temporary and proposed U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) regulations, rulings and decisions, in each case, as available and in effect as of the date hereof, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Tax consequences under state, local and non-U.S. laws are not addressed herein.

U.S. Tax Treatment. Pursuant to the terms of the notes, the Bank and you agree, in the absence of a statutory or regulatory change or an administrative determination or judicial ruling to the contrary, to characterize the notes as prepaid derivative contracts with respect to the reference asset. You further agree to include any contingent coupon that is paid by the Bank (including on the maturity date or call settlement date) in your income as ordinary income in accordance with your regular method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Under this treatment, you should generally recognize gain or loss upon the taxable disposition (including cash settlement) of the notes in an amount equal to the difference between the amount you receive at such time (other than amounts or proceeds attributable to a contingent coupon or any amount attributable to any accrued but unpaid contingent coupon) and the amount you paid for your notes. Such gain or loss should generally be long-term capital gain or loss if you have held your notes for more than one year (otherwise such gain or loss should be short-term capital gain or loss if held for one year or less). The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Although uncertain, it is possible that proceeds received from the taxable disposition of your notes prior to a coupon payment date, but that could be attributed to an expected contingent coupon, could be treated as ordinary income. You should consult your tax advisor regarding this risk.

Based on certain factual representations received from us, our special U.S. tax counsel, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP, is of the opinion that it would be reasonable to treat your notes in the manner described above. However, because there is no authority that specifically addresses the tax treatment of the notes, it is possible that your notes could alternatively be treated for tax purposes as a single contingent payment debt instrument, or pursuant to some other characterization, such that the timing and character of your income from the notes could differ materially and adversely from the treatment described above.

Notice 2008-2. In 2007, the IRS released a notice that may affect the taxation of holders of the notes. According to Notice 2008-2, the IRS and the Treasury are actively considering whether a holder of an instrument such as the notes should be required to accrue ordinary income on a current basis. It is not possible to determine what guidance they will ultimately issue, if any. It is possible, however, that under such guidance, holders of the notes will ultimately be required to accrue income currently and this could be applied on a retroactive basis. The IRS and the Treasury are also considering other relevant issues, including whether additional gain or loss from such instruments should be treated as ordinary or capital, whether non-U.S. holders of such instruments should be subject to withholding tax on any deemed income accruals, and whether the special “constructive ownership rules” of Section 1260 of the Code should be applied to such instruments. Both U.S. holders and non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible consequences to them of the above considerations.

Medicare Tax on Net Investment Income. U.S. holders that are individuals, estates or certain trusts are subject to an additional 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” or “undistributed net investment income” in the case of an estate or trust, which may include any income or gain realized with respect to the notes, to the extent of their net investment income or undistributed net investment income (as the case may be) that, when added to their other modified adjusted gross income, exceeds $200,000 for an unmarried individual, $250,000 for a married taxpayer filing a joint return (or a surviving spouse), $125,000 for a married individual filing a separate return or the dollar amount at which the highest tax bracket begins for an estate or trust. The 3.8% Medicare tax is determined in a different manner than the regular income tax. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors as to the consequences of the 3.8% Medicare tax.

Specified Foreign Financial Assets. U.S. holders may be subject to reporting obligations with respect to their notes if they do not hold their notes in an account maintained by a financial institution and the aggregate value of their notes and certain other “specified foreign financial assets” (applying certain attribution rules) exceeds an applicable threshold. Significant penalties can apply if a U.S. holder is required to disclose its notes and fails to do so.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting. The proceeds received from a taxable disposition of the notes will be subject to information reporting unless you are an “exempt recipient” and may also be subject to backup withholding at the rate specified in the Code if you fail to provide certain identifying information (such as an accurate taxpayer number, if you are a U.S. holder) or meet certain other conditions.

Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules are not additional taxes and may be refunded or credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.

Non-U.S. Holders. The U.S. federal income tax treatment of the contingent coupons is unclear. Subject to Section 871(m) of the Code and FATCA, as discussed below, we currently do not intend to treat contingent coupons paid to a non-U.S. holder that provides us (and/or the applicable withholding agent) with a fully completed and validly executed applicable IRS Form W-8 as subject to U.S. withholding tax and we currently do not intend to withhold any tax on contingent coupons. However, it is possible that the IRS could assert that such payments are subject to U.S. withholding tax, or that another withholding agent may otherwise determine that withholding is required, in which case such other withholding agent may withhold up to 30% on such payments (subject to reduction or elimination of such withholding tax pursuant to an applicable income tax treaty). We will not pay any additional amounts in respect of such withholding. Subject to Section 897 of the Code and Section 871(m) of the Code, discussed below, gain realized from the taxable disposition of a note generally should not be subject to U.S. tax unless (i) such gain is effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by the non-U.S. holder in the U.S., (ii) the non-U.S. holder is a non-resident alien individual and is present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year of such taxable disposition and certain other conditions are satisfied or (iii) the non-U.S. holder has certain other present or former connections with the U.S.

Section 897. We will not attempt to ascertain whether the reference asset issuer would be treated as a “United States real property holding corporation” (“USRPHC”) within the meaning of Section 897 of the Code. We also have not attempted to determine whether the notes should be treated as “United States real property interests” (“USRPI”) as defined in Section 897 of the Code. If the reference asset issuer and/or the notes were so treated, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences could possibly apply, including subjecting any gain realized by a non-U.S. holder in respect of the notes upon a taxable disposition (including cash settlement) of the notes to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis, and the proceeds from such a taxable disposition to a withholding tax. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential treatment of the reference asset issuer as a USRPHC and/or the notes as USRPI.

Section 871(m). A 30% withholding tax (which may be reduced by an applicable income tax treaty) is imposed under Section 871(m) of the Code on certain “dividend equivalents” paid or deemed paid to a non-U.S. holder with respect to a “specified equity-linked instrument” that references one or more dividend-paying U.S. equity securities. The withholding tax can apply even if the instrument does not provide for payments that reference dividends. Treasury regulations provide that the withholding tax applies to all dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid on specified equity-linked instruments that have a delta of one (“delta-one specified equity-linked instruments”) issued after 2016 and to all dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid on all other specified equity-linked instruments issued after 2017. However, the IRS has issued guidance that states that the Treasury and the IRS intend to amend the effective dates of the Treasury regulations to provide that withholding on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid will not apply to specified equity-linked instruments that are not delta-one specified equity-linked instruments and are issued before January 1, 2027.

Based on our determination that the notes are not “delta-one” with respect to the reference asset, our special U.S. tax counsel is of the opinion that the notes should not be delta-one specified equity-linked instruments and thus should not be subject to withholding on dividend equivalents. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with this determination. Furthermore, the application of Section 871(m) of the Code will depend on our determinations on the date the terms of the notes are set. If withholding is required, we will not make payments of any additional amounts.

Nevertheless, after the date the terms are set, it is possible that your notes could be deemed to be reissued for tax purposes upon the occurrence of certain events affecting the reference asset or the notes, and following such occurrence your notes could be treated as delta-one specified equity-linked instruments that are subject to withholding on dividend equivalents. It is also possible that withholding tax or other tax under Section 871(m) of the Code could apply to the notes under these rules if you enter, or have entered, into certain other transactions in respect of the reference asset or the notes. If you enter, or have entered, into other transactions in respect of the reference asset or the notes, you should consult your tax advisor regarding the application of Section 871(m) of the Code to your notes in the context of your other transactions.

Because of the uncertainty regarding the application of the 30% withholding tax on dividend equivalents to the notes, you are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the potential application of Section 871(m) of the Code and the 30% withholding tax to an investment in the notes.

U.S. Federal Estate Tax Treatment of Non-U.S. Holders. A note may be subject to U.S. federal estate tax if an individual non-U.S. holder holds the note at the time of his or her death. The gross estate of a non-U.S. holder domiciled outside the U.S. includes only property situated in the U.S. Individual non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal estate tax consequences of holding the notes at death.

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act. The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) was enacted on March 18, 2010, and imposes a 30% U.S. withholding tax on “withholdable payments” (i.e., certain U.S.-source payments, including interest (and original issue discount), dividends, other fixed or determinable annual or periodical gain, profits, and income, and on the gross proceeds from a disposition of property of a type which can produce U.S.-source interest or dividends) and “passthru payments” (i.e., certain payments attributable to withholdable payments) made to certain foreign financial institutions (and certain of their affiliates) unless the payee foreign financial institution agrees (or is required), among other things, to disclose the identity of any U.S. individual with an account at the institution (or the relevant affiliate) and to annually report certain information about such account. FATCA also requires withholding agents making withholdable payments to certain foreign entities that do not disclose the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of any substantial U.S. owners (or do not certify that they do not have any substantial U.S. owners) to withhold tax at a rate of 30%. Under certain circumstances, a holder may be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes.

Pursuant to final and temporary Treasury regulations and other IRS guidance, the withholding and reporting requirements under FATCA will generally apply to certain “withholdable payments”, will not apply to gross proceeds on a sale or disposition and will apply to certain foreign passthru payments only to the extent that such payments are made after the date that is two years after final regulations defining the term “foreign passthru payment” are published. If withholding is required, we (or the applicable paying agent) will not be required to pay additional amounts with respect to the amounts so withheld. Foreign financial institutions and non-financial foreign entities located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the U.S. governing FATCA may be subject to different rules.

Investors should consult their tax advisors about the application of FATCA, in particular if they may be classified as financial institutions (or if they hold their notes through a foreign entity) under the FATCA rules.

Proposed Legislation. In 2007, legislation was introduced in Congress that, if it had been enacted, would have required holders of notes purchased after the bill was enacted to accrue interest income over the term of the notes despite the fact that there may be no interest payments over the term of the notes.

Furthermore, in 2013, the House Ways and Means Committee released in draft form certain proposed legislation relating to financial instruments. If it had been enacted, the effect of this legislation generally would have been to require instruments such as the notes to be marked to market on an annual basis with all gains and losses to be treated as ordinary, subject to certain exceptions.

It is not possible to predict whether any similar or identical bills will be enacted in the future, or whether any such bill would affect the tax treatment of your notes. You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the possible changes in law and their possible impact on the tax treatment of your notes.

Both U.S. and non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the notes, as well as any tax consequences, arising under the laws of any state, local or non-U.S. taxing jurisdiction (including that of the Bank).

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In the opinion of Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP, as special counsel to the Bank, when the notes offered by this pricing supplement have been executed and issued by the Bank and authenticated by the trustee pursuant to the indenture and delivered, paid for and sold as contemplated herein, the notes will be valid and binding obligations of the Bank, enforceable against the Bank in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium, receivership or other laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally, and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity). This opinion is given as of the date hereof and is limited to the laws of the State of New York. Insofar as this opinion involves matters governed by Canadian law, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP has assumed, without independent inquiry or investigation, the validity of the matters opined on by Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP, Canadian legal counsel for the Bank, in its opinion expressed below. In addition, this opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the trustee’s authorization, execution and delivery of the indenture and, with respect to the notes, authentication of the notes and the genuineness of signatures and certain factual matters, all as stated in the opinion of Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP dated February 28, 2022 filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the Current Report on Form 6-K on March 1, 2022.

In the opinion of Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP, the issue and sale of the notes has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Bank in conformity with the Indenture, and when the notes have been duly executed, authenticated and issued in accordance with the Indenture, and delivered against payment therefor, the notes will be validly issued and, to the extent validity of the notes is a matter governed by the laws of the Province of Ontario or the federal laws of Canada applicable therein, will be valid obligations of the Bank, subject to the following limitations (i) the enforceability of the Indenture may be limited by the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation Act (Canada), the Winding-up and Restructuring Act (Canada) and bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, preference, moratorium, arrangement or winding-up laws or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally; (ii) the enforceability of the Indenture may be limited by equitable principles, including the principle that equitable remedies such as specific performance and injunction may only be granted in the discretion of a court of competent jurisdiction; (iii) pursuant to the Currency Act (Canada) a judgment by a Canadian court must be awarded in Canadian currency and that such judgment may be based on a rate of exchange in existence on a day other than the day of payment; and (iv) the enforceability of the Indenture will be subject to the limitations contained in the Limitations Act, 2002 (Ontario), and such counsel expresses no opinion as to whether a court may find any provision of the Indenture to be unenforceable as an attempt to vary or exclude a limitation period under that Act. This opinion is given as of the date hereof and is limited to the laws of the Province of Ontario and the federal laws of Canada applicable therein. In addition, this opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the Trustees’ authorization, execution and delivery of the Indenture and the genuineness of signatures and certain factual matters, all as stated in the letter of such counsel dated December 27, 2021, which has been filed as Exhibit 5.2 to the Bank’s Form F-3/A filed with the SEC on December 27, 2021.

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