NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
We prepared the consolidated financial statements included herein pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with United States (US) generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. We believe that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. We recommend that these consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our latest annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2020.
In our opinion, these unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary to present fairly our financial position as of March 31, 2020, our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020, and our cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The results of operations for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020.
Basis of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include all the assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows of Stamps.com Inc. and the entities in which we have 100% voting and/or economic control. In August 2018, we completed our acquisition of 100% of the outstanding shares of MetaPack. Please see Note 2 - “Acquisitions” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further description. References in this Report to "we" "us" "our" or "Company" are references to Stamps.com Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Intercompany accounts and transactions between consolidated entities have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to the consolidated financial statements. There are significant estimates and judgments inherent in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements including those related to the fair value of intangible assets and goodwill and the allowance for credit losses.
The Company considered the impact of COVID-19 on the assumptions and estimates used and determined that there were no material adverse impacts on the consolidated financial statements for the period ended March 31, 2020. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, our assumptions and estimates may change materially in future periods.
Prior Period Reclassifications
Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.
Accounts Receivable
Our accounts receivable relate to mailing and shipping services, postage purchasing and invoicing, customized postage sales, branded insurance provided to customers prior to billing, and other receivables.
We maintain an allowance for credit losses for expected uncollectible accounts which is recorded as an offset to accounts receivable and changes in such are classified as general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
We evaluate collectability by reviewing accounts receivable on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist and on an individual basis when we identify specific customers with known collectability issues. The evaluation is based on a combination of factors. If we become aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, an allowance is recorded to reduce the net receivable to the amount reasonably believed to be collectible from the customer. Accounts receivable are written off against the allowance for uncollectible accounts when we determine amounts are no longer collectible. Beginning January 1, 2020, as part of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 as described below in Accounting Guidance Adopted in 2020, we recognize allowances for credit losses for all other customers based on either the age of the receivable or applying a loss rate method which incorporates historical experience and an evaluation of macroeconomic factors. As a result of the adoption, we recorded an immaterial increase to our allowance for credit losses which included the estimated impact of COVID-19 on the collectability of our accounts receivable.
As additional information becomes available to us, our future assessment of our allowance for credit losses could materially and adversely impact our consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.
The allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable was approximately $8.8 million and $6.9 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Business Combinations
The acquisition method of accounting is used for business combinations. The results of operations of acquired businesses are included in our consolidated financial statements prospectively from the date of acquisition. The fair value of purchase consideration is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from the acquired entity and is generally based on their fair value at the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized in our consolidated financial statements as incurred.
Contingencies and Litigation
In the ordinary course of business, we are subject to various litigation matters as a claimant and a defendant. We record any amounts recovered in these matters when received. We establish loss provisions for claims against us when the loss is both probable and can be reasonably estimated. If either or both of the criteria are not met, we assess whether there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional losses, may have been incurred. If there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or additional loss may have been incurred for such proceedings, we disclose the estimate of the amount of loss or possible range of loss, or disclose that an estimate of loss cannot be made, as applicable.
Deferred Revenue
Our deferred revenue relates mainly to service revenue, which generally arises due to the timing of payment versus the provision of services for certain customers billed in advance. Approximately $6.4 million of revenue recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2020 was included in the deferred revenue balance at December 31, 2019. Approximately $4.2 million of revenue recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2019 was included in the deferred revenue balance at December 31, 2018.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Carrying amounts of certain of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate fair value due to their short maturities. The Company’s outstanding debt held by third party financial institutions is carried at cost, adjusted for debt issuance costs. The Company’s debt is not publicly traded and the carrying amount typically approximates fair value for debt that accrues interest at a variable rate for companies with similar financial characteristics as the Company, which are considered Level 2 fair value inputs as defined in Note 8 in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currency of the Company’s major foreign subsidiaries is generally the local currency. Adjustments resulting from translating foreign functional currency financial statements into US dollars are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in foreign currency exchange gain (loss), net. All assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into US dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate during the period.
Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of consideration given over the fair value of the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed in business combinations. We are required to test goodwill for impairment annually and whenever events or circumstances indicate the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value. A reporting unit is the operating segment or a business that is one level below that operating segment. Reporting units are aggregated as a single reporting unit if they have similar economic characteristics.
Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually on October 1 utilizing either a qualitative or quantitative assessment. We have an option to make a qualitative assessment of a reporting unit's goodwill for impairment. If we choose to perform a qualitative assessment and determine the fair value more likely than not exceeds the carrying value, no further evaluation is necessary. When we perform the quantitative assessment, we compare the fair value of the reporting unit, which we primarily determine using an income approach based on the present value of discounted cash flows, to the respective carrying value, which includes goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, the goodwill is not considered impaired. If the carrying value is higher than the fair value, the difference is recognized as an impairment loss. As of March 31, 2020, we are not aware of any indicators of impairment that would require an impairment analysis other than our annual goodwill impairment analysis.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment annually on October 1 and whenever events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset may be below its carrying value. In assessing other intangible assets not subject to amortization for impairment, the Company also has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of such an intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of such an intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, then the Company is not required to perform any additional tests for assessing those intangible assets for impairment. However, if the Company concludes otherwise or elects not to perform the qualitative assessment, then it is required to perform a quantitative impairment test that involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of the intangible asset with its carrying value. If the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. As of March 31, 2020, we are not aware of any indicators of impairment that would require an impairment analysis other than our annual indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment analysis.
Long-Lived Assets and Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Long-lived assets including intangible assets with finite useful lives are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
We account for property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset, generally three to five years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment and ten to forty years for building and building improvements. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the remaining term of the lease. We have a policy of capitalizing expenditures that materially increase assets' useful lives and charging ordinary maintenance and repairs to operations as incurred. When property or equipment is disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed, and any gain or loss is included in income from operations.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Income Taxes
We are subject to income taxes in the US and foreign jurisdictions. We provide for income taxes at the current and future enacted tax rate and consistent with the laws applicable in each jurisdiction. We account for income taxes in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) ASC Topic No. 740, Income Taxes (Income Taxes), which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax basis of recorded assets and liabilities. Income Taxes also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our gross deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50 percent) to be realized. In order for us to realize our deferred tax assets, we must be able to generate sufficient taxable income. We evaluate the appropriateness of our deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance in accordance with Income Taxes based on all available positive and negative evidence.
Leases
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Right-of-use (ROU) assets and liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. For this purpose, we consider only payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of commencement. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, the interest rate used to determine the present value of future lease payments is an estimated incremental borrowing rate. Many of our leases include one or more options to renew. These options are factored into the determination of the lease term and lease payments when their exercise is considered to be reasonably certain.
Our lease agreements generally contain lease and non-lease components. Non-lease components primarily include payments for maintenance and utilities. We elected the practical expedient to combine fixed payments for non-lease components with our lease payments and account for them together as a single lease component which increases the amount of the ROU assets and liabilities.
We also elected to recognize the associated lease payments for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis without recognizing a ROU asset or liability.
Operating leases are included in lease right-of-use assets, current portion of lease right-of-use liabilities, and long-term portion of lease right-of-use liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term in income from operations on our consolidated statements of operations.
Other Current Assets
Other current assets principally consist of prepayments for postage and shipping labels and inventory. Prepayments for postage and shipping labels totaled $23.7 million at March 31, 2020 and $17.4 million at December 31, 2019.
Other Liabilities
Other liabilities principally consist of long-term unrecognized income tax benefits, as well as indirect tax liabilities and other liabilities.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenues when we transfer control of promised goods or services to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. Our payment terms vary by the products and services offered. The term between billings and when payment is due is not significant.
Revenues are presented on a disaggregated basis on the consolidated statements of operations.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Service revenue is recognized over time for each month that customers have access to our platform or at a point in time when assets are transferred to the customer. We earn service revenue from our mailing and shipping operations in several different ways: (1) customers may pay us a monthly fee, based on a subscription plan which may be waived or refunded for certain customers, for which we provide them access to our platform, in which case revenue is earned over the period of time that the customers have access to the platform which is typically month-to-month; (2) we may be compensated directly by our carriers for shipping labels printed that meet certain requirements, in which case revenue is earned over time, which is typically in the same month that the relevant labels are printed; (3) we may earn revenue from customers when they purchase postage, print shipping labels or perform other transactions using our solutions, in which case revenue is earned at the point in time we transfer an asset to the customer and have a present right of payment for the asset transferred; (4) we may earn revenue that may take the form of some or all of the spread between the rate a customer pays and the rate the carrier or integration partner receives, either charged directly or paid by our partners, in which case revenue is earned at a point in time, which is typically when the customer purchases postage or prints a shipping label; and (5) we may earn other types of revenue shares or other compensation from specific customers that have access to our platform or through integration partners, in which case revenue is recognized at a point in time, which is when we have fulfilled our performance obligations.
In the case of monthly fees based on subscription plans, the Company recognizes a reduction of revenue in the period for which a waiver is granted or when a refund is processed, which is typically the same period in which the associated subscription revenue is recognized or, in the case of refunds, could be a later period. Waivers and refunds were not material to the consolidated financial statements during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or March 31, 2019.
Customers may purchase delivery services from carriers through our mailing and shipping solutions. When funds are transferred directly from customers to the carrier, these funds are not recognized as revenue. We also provide mailing and shipping services for which the cost of postage or delivery is included in the cost of the service and, therefore, is recognized as service revenue.
Product revenue consists of products sold through the mailing and shipping supplies stores which are available to our customers from within some of our mailing and shipping solutions. Products sold include mailing labels, shipping labels, thermal printers, scales, and other mailing and shipping-focused office supplies. We recognize product revenue on product purchases upon shipment of orders to customers.
We provide our customers with the opportunity to purchase parcel insurance directly through our solutions. Insurance revenue represents the amount we receive from customers net of the costs paid to our insurance providers. We recognize insurance revenue on insurance purchases upon the ship date of the insured package, which is the point in time when we have fulfilled our performance obligations.
Customized postage revenue, which includes the face value of postage, from the sale of customized postage sheets and rolls is recognized upon transfer of control of the product to the customer, which occurs upon our delivery to the carrier. In the second quarter of 2020, we received notification from the US Postal Service (USPS) that it was eliminating its customized postage program and also revoking our authorization to offer products pursuant to that program effective June 16, 2020. Please see Note 13 - “Subsequent Events” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
On a limited basis, we allow third parties to offer products and promotions to our customer base. These arrangements generally provide payment in the form of a flat fee or revenue sharing arrangements where we receive payment upon customers accessing third party products and services. Total revenue from such advertising arrangements was not significant during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or March 31, 2019, respectively.
Segment Information
Our operations consist of two segments: Stamps.com and MetaPack. Please see Note 10 - “Segment and Geographical Information” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further description.
Short-Term Financing Obligations
We utilize short-term financing, which is separate from our debt, to fund certain Company operations. Short-term financing obligations are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2020, we had $16.6 million in short-term financing obligations and $51.4 million of unused credit. As of December 31, 2019, we had $1.0 million in short-term financing obligations and $69.5 million of unused credit.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Stock-Based Compensation
We account for share-based employee compensation plans under the fair value recognition and measurement provisions in accordance with applicable accounting standards, which require all share-based payments to employees, including grants of stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs), to be measured based on the grant date fair value of the awards, with the resulting expense generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the period during which the employee is required to perform service in exchange for the award. We account for forfeitures as they occur.
We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant, which requires us to use a number of estimates and subjective assumptions, including stock price volatility, expected term, and risk-free interest rates. In the case of options we grant, our assumption of expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of our stock price over the term equal to the expected life of the options. We base the risk-free interest rate on US Treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the options assumed at the date of grant. The estimated expected life represents the weighted average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding, determined based on an analysis of historical exercise behavior.
Trademarks, Trade Names, and Other Intangible Assets (excluding Goodwill)
Acquired trademarks, trade names, and other intangibles (excluding goodwill) include both amortizable and non-amortizable assets and are included in intangible assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Cost associated with internally developed intangible assets is typically expensed as incurred as research and development costs. Amortization of amortizable intangible assets is calculated on a straight-line basis, which is consistent with the expected future cash flows.
Treasury Stock
During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, we repurchased approximately 80,000 shares and 235,000 shares for $8.6 million and $32.0 million, respectively. Also, in the first quarter of 2019, we withheld 1,039 shares, to satisfy income tax obligations related to performance-based inducement equity awards issued to the General Manager of ShippingEasy.
Accounting Guidance Adopted in 2020
Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, a standard which aligns the capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the existing capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by this update, meaning service costs will continue to be expensed as incurred. The guidance became effective on a prospective basis for the Company on January 1, 2020. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Goodwill Impairment
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, a standard which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment. The guidance removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The guidance became effective on a prospective basis for the Company on January 1, 2020. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Fair Value Measurements
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, a standard which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Financial Instruments - Credit Losses
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, a standard that replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology under current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. We are required to use a forward-looking expected credit loss model for accounts receivable, loans, and other financial instruments. The guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2020 using a modified retrospective approach. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted
Income Taxes
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, a standard which eliminates certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC Topic 740 Income Taxes. The guidance is effective for reporting periods after December 15, 2020; however, early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
2. Acquisitions
We have accounted for all of our acquisitions under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic No. 805, Business Combinations.
MetaPack Acquisition
On August 15, 2018, we, through our wholly owned subsidiary Pacific Shelf 1855 Limited (Pacific Shelf), completed the acquisition of MetaPack Limited, a private limited company incorporated in England and Wales, pursuant to a share purchase agreement dated July 24, 2018, as amended (the “Agreement”), by and among certain key sellers named in the Agreement (the “Key Sellers”), MetaPack, Pacific Shelf, and Stamps.com Inc. as Pacific Shelf’s guarantor. MetaPack provides multi-carrier enterprise-level solutions to many of the world’s preeminent e-commerce retailers and brands.
Pursuant to the Agreement and a related agreement to purchase Minority Shares (as defined below), Pacific Shelf acquired 100% of MetaPack’s issued and to be issued share capital by purchasing (i) all of the Key Sellers’ shares of MetaPack, representing approximately 80% of the total outstanding shares and (ii) all other issued and to be issued shares of MetaPack (Minority Shares), for a final adjusted purchase price, for all such shares, of approximately £171 million, or $217.7 million using the August 15, 2018 GBP to USD exchange rate. Total cash paid for the acquisition was funded from cash and investment balances.
Stamps.com granted inducement stock options for an aggregate of 320,250 shares of Stamps.com common stock to 72 new employees after completion of its acquisition of MetaPack. The stock options were granted as inducements material to the new employees entering into employment with Stamps.com, pursuant to the Stamps.com 2018 MetaPack Equity Inducement Plan, which was approved by Stamps.com’s Compensation Committee. The awards were granted without stockholder approval in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4). Each option vests 25% on the one year anniversary of the grant date with the remaining 75% vesting in approximately equal monthly increments over the succeeding thirty-six months, provided that the option holder is still employed by Stamps.com or one of its subsidiaries on the vesting dates. The stock options have a ten year term and an exercise price equal to closing price of Stamps.com common stock on the grant date of August 15, 2018.
Under the acquisition method of accounting under ASC 805, the total purchase price of the acquired company is allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their fair values. We have made significant estimates and assumptions in determining the allocation of the purchase price.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The final purchase price of MetaPack has been allocated as follows to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values based on the August 15, 2018 GBP to USD exchange rate (in thousands, except years):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
Useful Life
(In Years)
|
|
Weighted
Average
Estimated
Useful Life
(In Years)
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$
|
9,186
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade accounts receivable
|
9,767
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other current assets
|
2,776
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment
|
1,039
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill
|
138,956
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Identifiable intangible assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade names
|
|
|
|
$
|
10,936
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
Developed technology
|
|
|
|
40,691
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
Customer relationships
|
|
|
|
49,211
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
Total identifiable intangible assets
|
100,838
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16
|
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
|
(13,519
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
(1,145
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revolving credit facility
|
(12,716
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred income tax liability
|
(15,963
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other liabilities
|
(1,533
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total purchase consideration
|
$
|
217,686
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were determined using income, cost and market participant approaches. The fair value measurements were primarily based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market and thus represent a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. The identified intangible assets consist of trade names, developed technology, and customer relationships. The estimated fair values of the trade names and developed technology were determined using the “relief from royalty” method. The estimated fair value of customer relationships was determined using the “excess earnings” method. The rate utilized to discount net cash flows to their present values was approximately 15% and was determined after consideration of the overall enterprise rate of return and the relative risk and importance of the assets to the generation of future cash flows. Intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Based on the August 15, 2018 exchange rate, we expect the amortization of acquired intangibles will be approximately $1.6 million per quarter for the remaining estimated useful lives.
Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration given over the sum of the fair values assigned to identifiable assets acquired less liabilities assumed in a business combination. The goodwill balance is primarily attributable to the expanded market opportunities for the Company internationally and MetaPack in the United States and the Company's ability to generate future technology. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The goodwill recorded as part of this acquisition is included in the MetaPack segment (see Note 6 - “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
Immediately following the acquisition, we repaid in full MetaPack's existing revolving credit facility balance of approximately $12.7 million.
We incurred approximately $2.5 million in transaction costs included in general and administrative expense and $1.0 million of nonrecurring foreign currency exchange loss directly related to the acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2018.
MetaPack revenues and net income included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 were $20.3 million and $1.5 million, respectively, reflecting activity since the acquisition date.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the Company identified additional information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the date of the acquisition. As a result, the Company adjusted the value of current and deferred income taxes and other income tax related liabilities. The net effect of these changes, in addition to other immaterial adjustments, resulted in a corresponding decrease to goodwill of $2.5 million based on the August 15, 2018 exchange rate. These adjustments are reflected in the table above.
3. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
We are subject to various routine legal proceedings and claims incidental to our business, and we do not believe that these proceedings and claims would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
On February 28, 2019 and March 13, 2019, two putative class action complaints were filed against us in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Western Division. One of the two putative class actions was dismissed without prejudice, and in the other case, styled as Karinski v. Stamps.com, Inc. et al, Case 2:19-cv-01828 (the “Securities Class Action”), the Court appointed a lead plaintiff and approved lead plaintiff’s selection of lead counsel. Lead plaintiff filed a consolidated complaint in August 2019, purportedly on behalf of all those who purchased, or otherwise acquired, Stamps.com common stock between May 3, 2017 and May 8, 2019, alleging violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 based on public disclosures that were purportedly rendered misleading based on certain uses of reseller rates. We filed a motion to dismiss in October 2019, and our motion to dismiss was granted in part and denied in part in January 2020. We believe that the case is without merit and intend to defend it vigorously. Due to the early stage of the case, neither the likelihood that a loss, if any, will be realized, nor an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, if any, can be determined.
On May 16, 2019 and May 21, 2019, two purported shareholder derivative suits were filed in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Western Division, alleging breaches of fiduciary duties by officers and/or directors, unjust enrichment, abuse of control, waste of corporate assets, and violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and seeking unspecified damages, attorneys' fees and costs. The two cases have been consolidated as In re Stamps.com Stockholder Derivative Litigation, Case 2:19-cv-04272 and co-lead plaintiffs and co-lead counsel have been appointed. The case has been stayed since July 2019. We believe that the case is without merit and intend to defend it vigorously. Due to the early stage of the case, neither the likelihood that a loss, if any, will be realized, nor an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, if any, can be determined.
On August 19, 2019, a purported shareholder derivative suit was filed against us in a case titled City of Cambridge Retirement System v. Kenneth T. McBride, et al, Case No. 2019-0658-AGB, in the Delaware Court of Chancery, alleging breaches of fiduciary duties by officers and/or directors, insider trading, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment. We filed a motion to dismiss in October 2019. We believe that the case is without merit and intend to defend this case vigorously. Due to the early stage of the case, neither the likelihood that a loss, if any, will be realized, nor an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, if any, can be determined.
On October 3, 2019, a purported shareholder derivative suit was filed against us in a case titled Harvey v. Kenneth T. McBride, et al, Case No. 1:19-cv-01861-CFC, in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, alleging breaches of fiduciary duties by officers and/or directors, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, and violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Court has entered a stipulation to stay the derivative case pending the outcome of the derivative lawsuit pending in the Delaware Court of Chancery. We believe that the case is without merit and intend to defend this case vigorously. Due to the early stage of the case, neither the likelihood that a loss, if any, will be realized, nor an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, if any, can be determined.
The Company had not accrued any material amounts related to any of the Company’s legal proceedings as of March 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Although management at present believes that the ultimate outcome of the various proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not materially harm our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or overall trends, legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable rulings or other events could occur. An unfavorable outcome for an amount in excess of management's present expectations may result in a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial position, and overall trends.
Commitments
Our significant contractual obligations and commercial commitments (other than debt commitments) consist of operating lease obligations as of March 31, 2020. Please see Note 11 - “Leases” for additional information.
4. Net Income per Share
The following table reconciles share amounts utilized to calculate basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands, except per share data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Net income
|
$
|
16,494
|
|
|
$
|
15,755
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic - weighted average common shares
|
17,064
|
|
|
17,547
|
|
Diluted effect of common stock equivalents
|
1,125
|
|
|
468
|
|
Diluted - weighted average common shares
|
18,189
|
|
|
18,015
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
$
|
0.97
|
|
|
$
|
0.90
|
|
Diluted
|
$
|
0.91
|
|
|
$
|
0.87
|
|
The calculation of dilutive shares excludes the effect of the following options that are considered anti-dilutive (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Anti-dilutive stock options
|
1,527
|
|
|
1,153
|
|
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
5. Stock-Based Compensation
In 2018, our stock-based compensation expense included performance-based inducement equity awards relating to the ShippingEasy acquisition. Starting in the third quarter of fiscal 2018, our stock-based compensation expense included inducement equity awards relating to the MetaPack acquisition as described in Note 2 - "Acquisitions."
The following table sets forth the stock-based compensation expense that we recognized for the periods indicated (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Stock-based compensation expense relating to:
|
|
|
|
Stock options
|
$
|
10,242
|
|
|
$
|
8,497
|
|
Employee stock purchases
|
483
|
|
|
393
|
|
Total stock-based compensation expense
|
$
|
10,725
|
|
|
$
|
8,890
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense relating to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
$
|
919
|
|
|
$
|
646
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
2,307
|
|
|
2,054
|
|
Research and development
|
2,878
|
|
|
2,304
|
|
General and administrative
|
4,621
|
|
|
3,886
|
|
Total stock-based compensation expense
|
$
|
10,725
|
|
|
$
|
8,890
|
|
The following are the weighted average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model for stock options granted in the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Expected dividend yield
|
—
|
%
|
|
—
|
%
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
1.3
|
%
|
|
2.5
|
%
|
Expected volatility
|
82.4
|
%
|
|
54.7
|
%
|
Expected life (in years)
|
3.3
|
|
|
3.3
|
|
6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes goodwill as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stamps.com Segment
|
|
MetaPack Segment
|
|
Total
|
Goodwill balance at December 31, 2019
|
$
|
239,705
|
|
|
$
|
144,835
|
|
|
$
|
384,540
|
|
Foreign currency translation
|
—
|
|
|
(9,294
|
)
|
|
(9,294
|
)
|
Goodwill balance at March 31, 2020
|
$
|
239,705
|
|
|
$
|
135,541
|
|
|
$
|
375,246
|
|
We have amortizable and non-amortizable intangible assets consisting of trademarks, trade names, developed technology, non-compete agreements, customer relationships, and other. The gross carrying amount of amortizable and non-amortizable intangible assets was $223.1 million at March 31, 2020 and $229.4 million at December 31, 2019. Non-amortizable assets of $11.4 million as of both March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 consist primarily of the trade name relating to the Endicia acquisition.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following table summarizes our amortizable intangible assets as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands, except years):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
Carrying
Amount
|
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
|
Net Carrying
Amount
|
|
Remaining weighted average amortization period (years)
|
Patents and Others
|
$
|
8,195
|
|
|
$
|
8,195
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
0.0
|
Customer Relationships
|
108,880
|
|
|
49,484
|
|
|
59,396
|
|
|
7.3
|
Technology
|
79,691
|
|
|
26,940
|
|
|
52,751
|
|
|
9.0
|
Non-Compete
|
2,211
|
|
|
1,943
|
|
|
268
|
|
|
1.2
|
Trademarks and Trade Names
|
12,685
|
|
|
2,742
|
|
|
9,943
|
|
|
9.6
|
Total amortizable intangible assets at March 31, 2020
|
$
|
211,662
|
|
|
$
|
89,304
|
|
|
$
|
122,358
|
|
|
8.1
|
The following table summarizes our amortizable intangible assets as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands, except years):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
Carrying
Amount
|
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
|
Net Carrying
Amount
|
|
Remaining weighted average amortization period (years)
|
Patents and Others
|
$
|
8,195
|
|
|
$
|
8,195
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
0.0
|
Customer Relationships
|
111,997
|
|
|
46,503
|
|
|
65,494
|
|
|
7.7
|
Technology
|
82,269
|
|
|
25,240
|
|
|
57,029
|
|
|
9.4
|
Non-Compete
|
2,211
|
|
|
1,889
|
|
|
322
|
|
|
1.5
|
Trademarks and Trade Names
|
13,378
|
|
|
2,549
|
|
|
10,829
|
|
|
9.9
|
Total amortizable intangible assets at December 31, 2019
|
$
|
218,050
|
|
|
$
|
84,376
|
|
|
$
|
133,674
|
|
|
8.5
|
We recorded amortization of intangible assets totaling approximately $5.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. We recorded amortization of intangible assets totaling approximately $5.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Amortization of intangible assets is included in general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
Our estimated amortization expense for the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Twelve Month Period Ending March 31,
|
Estimated
Amortization
Expense
|
2021
|
$
|
21,682
|
|
2022
|
16,816
|
|
2023
|
9,771
|
|
2024
|
9,423
|
|
2025
|
8,334
|
|
Thereafter
|
56,332
|
|
Total
|
$
|
122,358
|
|
7. Income Taxes
Our income tax expense was $7.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Our income tax expense was $6.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Income taxes expected at the US federal statutory income tax rate of 21 percent differ from the reported income tax expense primarily as a result of permanent tax adjustments for non-deductible expenses, state taxes, and tax benefits from research and development tax credits and exercises of stock awards.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we have recorded a valuation allowance of $1.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively, against certain state research and development credits for which we believe it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will not be realized. We also have recorded a valuation allowance against the activity of certain foreign jurisdictions.
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was signed into law in the US to provide certain relief as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
8. Fair Value Measurements
Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are classified in one of the three categories described below:
Level 1 - Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in an active market
Level 2 - Valuations based on quoted prices in markets where trading occurs infrequently or whose values are based on quoted prices of instruments with similar attributes in active markets
Level 3 - Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and involve management judgment and our own assumptions about market participants and pricing
The following tables summarize our financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
|
Description
|
March 31, 2020
|
|
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
|
|
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
|
|
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$
|
215,624
|
|
|
$
|
215,624
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
$
|
215,624
|
|
|
$
|
215,624
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
|
Description
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
|
|
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
|
|
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$
|
156,307
|
|
|
$
|
156,307
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
$
|
156,307
|
|
|
$
|
156,307
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
9. Cash and Cash Equivalents
Our cash equivalents consisted of money market funds at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. We consider all highly liquid investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had no material investments.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following tables summarize our cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2020
|
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
Cash and cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
$
|
208,801
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
208,801
|
|
Money market
|
6,823
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6,823
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$
|
215,624
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
215,624
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
Cash and cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
$
|
149,508
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
149,508
|
|
Money market
|
6,799
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6,799
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$
|
156,307
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
156,307
|
|
10. Segment Information and Geographic Data
Segment Information
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (CODM) for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. The Company's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer has been identified as the CODM as defined by guidance regarding segment disclosures.
The Company’s reportable segments have been determined based on the distinct nature of their operations and customer bases, and the financial information that is evaluated regularly by the CODM.
The Stamps.com segment derives revenue from external customers from offering mailing and shipping labels online and shipping software solutions to consumers, small businesses, e-commerce shippers, enterprise mailers, and high volume shippers. The Stamps.com reportable segment includes the results of brand names Stamps.com, Endicia, ShippingEasy, ShipStation, and ShipWorks. Stamps.com's customers are primarily located in the US.
The MetaPack segment consists of the operations of MetaPack which derives revenues from external customers from offering multi-carrier enterprise-level shipping software solutions to large e-commerce retailers and brands. MetaPack's customers are primarily located in Europe.
Revenues, cost of revenues, and operating expenses are generally directly attributed to our segments. Inter-segment revenues are not presented separately, as these amounts are immaterial. Our CODM does not evaluate operating segments using asset information, and therefore total segment assets are not presented.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following table presents our segment information and includes a reconciliation of income from operations to income before income taxes (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Segment revenues
|
|
|
|
Stamps.com
|
$
|
137,545
|
|
|
$
|
122,904
|
|
MetaPack
|
13,801
|
|
|
13,099
|
|
Total revenues
|
$
|
151,346
|
|
|
$
|
136,003
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment income (loss) from operations
|
|
|
|
Stamps.com
|
$
|
28,227
|
|
|
$
|
25,348
|
|
MetaPack
|
(4,056
|
)
|
|
(2,107
|
)
|
Total income from operations
|
$
|
24,171
|
|
|
$
|
23,241
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company's total segment income from operations
|
$
|
24,171
|
|
|
$
|
23,241
|
|
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss), net
|
(138
|
)
|
|
(95
|
)
|
Interest expense
|
(467
|
)
|
|
(714
|
)
|
Interest income and other income (loss), net
|
26
|
|
|
65
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
$
|
23,592
|
|
|
$
|
22,497
|
|
Geographic Data
No sales to an individual customer or country other than the US accounted for more than 10% of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2020 or March 31, 2019.
The following table presents our revenues by geography, based on the billing addresses of our customers (in thousands, unaudited):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Revenues
|
|
|
|
United States
|
$
|
137,070
|
|
|
$
|
122,700
|
|
International
|
14,276
|
|
|
13,303
|
|
Total revenues
|
$
|
151,346
|
|
|
$
|
136,003
|
|
11. Leases
The Company's material lease contracts are generally for corporate office space. The Company leases facilities pursuant to noncancelable operating lease agreements expiring through 2029.
Operating lease cost for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was approximately $1.2 million. Operating lease cost for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was approximately $1.1 million.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following table is a schedule of maturities of operating lease liabilities as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Twelve Month Period Ending March 31,
|
Operating
Lease Obligations
|
2021
|
$
|
5,597
|
|
2022
|
4,617
|
|
2023
|
3,947
|
|
2024
|
3,073
|
|
2025
|
1,014
|
|
Thereafter
|
2,281
|
|
Total undiscounted cash flows
|
20,529
|
|
Less amount representing interest
|
(2,244
|
)
|
Present value of lease liabilities
|
$
|
18,285
|
|
The table above reflects payments for noncancelable operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more as of March 31, 2020. The table above does not include obligations for leases that have not yet commenced and does not include lease payments that were not fixed at commencement or modification.
As of March 31, 2020, the weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) and discount rate related to the operating leases were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2020
|
Weighted-average remaining lease term
|
4.6
|
|
Weighted-average discount rate
|
4.9
|
%
|
12. Accounts Payable and Other Current Liabilities
The following table summarizes our accounts payable and other current liabilities as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2020
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
Accounts payable
|
$
|
35,182
|
|
|
$
|
47,783
|
|
Customer prepayments for postage and shipping labels
|
45,925
|
|
|
40,002
|
|
Income taxes payable
|
14,820
|
|
|
7,996
|
|
Payroll and related accruals
|
26,165
|
|
|
23,029
|
|
Short-term financing obligations
|
16,647
|
|
|
982
|
|
Other accruals
|
1,469
|
|
|
2,061
|
|
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
|
$
|
140,208
|
|
|
$
|
121,853
|
|
13. Subsequent Events
We are not aware of any material subsequent events or transactions that have occurred that would require recognition in the consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, except as described below.
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Prior to issuance, we received notification from the USPS that it was eliminating its customized postage program and also revoking our authorization to offer products pursuant to that program effective June 16, 2020. The revenue and cost of revenue associated with these products appear on our financial statements as “Customized postage.” As a result, we do not expect material customized postage revenue or cost of revenue after June 2020.