Annual Report (10-k)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For The Transition Period FromTo

Commission file number: 001-39741

REDBOX ENTERTAINMENT INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	85-2157010
(State of Other Jurisdiction of incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1 Tower Lane Suite 800, Oakbrook Terrace, IL	60181
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (630) 756-8000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


		Name Of Each Exchange
Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol(s)	On Which Registered
Class A common stock, $0.001 Par Value per Share	RDBX	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Warrants to purchase Class A common stock	RDBXW	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically; every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.0405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☒	Smaller reporting company ☒	Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s class A common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, held by non-affiliates of the registrant on June 30, 2021, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $143,175,000 (based on the closing sales price of the registrant’s class A common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on that date).

As of February 28, 2022, 12,618,516 shares of the registrant’s class A common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 32,770,000 shares of the registrant’s class B common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, were issued and outstanding.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I

Item 1.	Business	4

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	11

Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	41

Item 2.	Properties	41

Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	41

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	42

PART II

Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	42

Item 6.	[Reserved]	43

Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	44

Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	64

Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	65

Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	101

Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	101

Item 9B.	Other Information	102

Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	102

PART III

Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	103

Item 11.	Executive Compensation	107

Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	116

Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	119

Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	125

PART IV

Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	126

Item 16.	Form10K Summary	127

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the sections entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Risk Factors” and “Business,” contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which involve risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements are generally identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and, in each case, their negative or other various or comparable terminology. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this report, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, expansion plans and opportunities, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, plans, objectives of management, and expected market growth are forward-looking statements.

These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Certain statements include statements regarding the Redbox management team’s current expectations regarding the company’s liquidity position, cost containment plans, actions relating to exploration of strategic alternatives, and hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding future events or future results. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future actions, results, performance or events, which may vary materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. Differences may result from actions taken by Redbox or their management, as well as from risks and uncertainties beyond their control. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:

●

the impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) and the response to it by Redbox, consumers, and the industry;

●

changes adversely affecting the business in which Redbox is engaged;

●

results and timing of Redbox’s exploration of strategic alternative with respect to our corporate or capital structure;

●

fluctuations in Redbox’s revenue and operating results;

●

unfavorable conditions or further disruptions in the capital and credit markets and Redbox’s ability to obtain additional capital on commercially reasonable terms;

●

Redbox’s ability to generate cash, service indebtedness and incur additional indebtedness;

●

substantial doubt about Redbox’s ability to continue as a going concern;

●

the risks associated with demand for Redbox’s services and vulnerability to industry downturns and regional or national downturns;

●

the ability to maintain the listing of our Class A common stock and Public Warrants on Nasdaq;

●

our success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, our officers, key employees or directors;

●

the risks associated with cyclical demand for Redbox’s services and vulnerability to industry downturns and regional or national downturns;

●

competition from existing and new competitors;

●

Redbox’s ability to integrate any businesses it acquires;

●

Redbox’s dependence upon third parties to provide certain content and services;

●

intellectual property, information technology and privacy requirements that may subject Redbox to unanticipated liabilities;

●

general economic or political conditions; and

●

other risk factors included under “Risk Factors” in this report.

These forward-looking statements reflect our views with respect to future events as of the date of this report and are based on assumptions and subject to risks and uncertainties. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this report and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or review publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise after the date of this report. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our views to change. You should read this report and the documents filed as exhibits to this report,

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completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, merger, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may undertake. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

Note Regarding Industry and Market Data

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications and other publicly available information. Although we believe these sources are reliable, we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and we have not independently verified this information. In addition, the market and industry data and forecasts included in this report may involve estimates, assumptions and other risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in this report. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on this information.

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PART I

Item 1. BUSINESS

On October 22, 2021, we consummated the business combination (the “Business Combination”) contemplated by the business combination agreement, dated as of May 16, 2021 and amended on September 24, 2021 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among Seaport Global Acquisition Corp. (“Seaport”), Seaport Merger Sub LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Merger Sub”), Redwood Holdco, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Redwood Holdco”), and Redwood Intermediate, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Redwood Intermediate”). Redwood Holdco is controlled by funds affiliated with or controlled by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its subsidiaries (“Apollo” or the “Sponsor”).

As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and “Redbox” refer to the consolidated operations of Redbox Entertainment Inc. and its subsidiaries. References to “Seaport” refer to the company prior to the consummation of the Business Combination.

Overview

Redbox is an established brand and leading provider in the home entertainment market in the United States. The Company is focused on providing its customers with the best value in entertainment and the most choice in how they consume it, through physical media and/or digital services. Redbox is undergoing a significant business expansion and digital transformation. The Company has transitioned from a pure-play DVD rental company to a multi-faceted entertainment company that provides tremendous value and choice by offering DVD rentals as well as multiple digital products across a variety of content windows including transactional (TVOD), ad-supported (AVOD/FLTV) and being a distributor of original feature films with a growing library of content. Redbox currently conducts its business through two operating segments: (1) Legacy Business and (2) Digital Business.

For its Legacy Business, the Company operates a nationwide network of approximately 38,000 self-service kiosks where consumers can rent or purchase new-release DVDs and Blu-ray Discs^TM (“movies”). The Company also generates service revenue by providing installation, merchandising and break-fix services to other kiosk businesses. Finally, the Company acquires, and distributes movies exclusively through its film distribution label, Redbox Entertainment, LLC, acquiring rights to talent-led films that are distributed across Redbox platforms as well as through third party digital services. For its Digital Business, the Company provides both transactional and ad-supported digital streaming services, which include 1) Redbox On Demand, a transactional service which provides digital rental or purchase of new release and catalog movies and TV content, 2) Redbox Free On Demand (AVOD), an ad-supported service providing free movies and TV shows on demand, and 3) Redbox Free Live TV (FLTV), a free, ad-supported television service giving access to over 130 linear channels. The Company also sells third-party display advertising via its mobile app, website, and e-mails, as well as display and video advertising at the kiosk.

Redbox Legacy Business

Redbox’s mission has always been to make it ridiculously cheap and easy for customers to get the home entertainment they want. Redbox provides exceptional customer value with new release movie disc rentals priced at approximately $2.00 a night, about one-third of the cost of a digital rental, which are typically $5.99 or more on digital retail platforms. Customers have the flexibility to rent a movie from one location and return their rental to any kiosk. Kiosks are located primarily at grocery stores, mass retailers, drug stores, dollar retailers, and convenience stores. With approximately 33,000 locations and more than 150 retail partners, consumers have convenient access to kiosks as part of their routine shopping experiences. Revenue is generated primarily through the fees charged to rent or purchase a movie, and Redbox pays retailers a percentage of the revenue generated at the Redbox kiosks installed at their locations. The Company obtains content through revenue sharing agreements and license agreements with major studios as well as through direct purchases from independent distributors and other suppliers.

Redbox has built a unique asset in its loyalty and rewards program, Redbox Perks, which currently boasts 40 million members. Customers earn points for their rentals or purchases and can use those points for free rentals in the future. This tiered loyalty program gives the Company the ability to reward its most loyal and valuable customers while providing a currency for incenting increased transaction frequency and other behaviors, such as downloading the Redbox app or trying new products and services. Redbox Perks is a vehicle to provide greater value to value-conscious customers and is central to its marketing and customer strategy. The program is a differentiator in the market and a competitive advantage for Redbox. Redbox’s customers are value-conscious, love movies and entertainment, and tend to be late-adopters of new technology. Given the scale of the existing customer base, the Company has built a

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sizable marketing program that includes approximately 45 million e-mail subscribers, approximately 5 million SMS subscribers, approximately 45 million mobile app downloads, and an estimated 375 million weekly impressions at retail.

To drive further engagement with our customers, Redbox established Redbox Entertainment, LLC as a movie distribution label. Through this label, the Company acquires North American rights and distributes feature films through Redbox kiosks, Redbox On Demand, third party digital transactional platforms and other streaming services. Redbox Entertainment acquires rights to finished films and also commits to slate deals for movies to be produced, giving the Company input on scripts and/or talent. The Company generates meaningful gross profit from these films through promotional initiatives on its own platform, transactional revenue on third-party digital platforms and selling downstream window rights to subscription streaming services. Because the Company is acquiring long term exclusive rights to these films, Redbox is building a content library which can be programmed on its Free On Demand (AVOD) and Free Live TV (FLTV) services or further licensed to other streaming platforms in future windows.

In addition, Redbox Entertainment benefits from the Company’s robust rental data and insights into what titles and talent will perform. The Company has released a number of films since 2019 under the Redbox Entertainment label. The Company has already announced a slate deal with John Wick-producer, Basil Iwanyk, committing to 12 action/ thriller films over the next several years.

Finally, Redbox has a service business, which employs a team of best-in-class field workers nationwide to manage kiosk installation, merchandising and break-fix services. In addition to maintaining Redbox’s kiosk network, the Company’s service team also supports other kiosk businesses. The Company has service agreements with multiple companies that have national and regional kiosk networks and since June of 2020, Redbox has been the primary vendor for Amazon, servicing their expanding Amazon locker business. The service business helps mitigate the operational costs of the field operations for the Legacy DVD business while generating incremental margin dollars.

Redbox Digital Business

Redbox is rapidly expanding its digital product offering, leveraging its customer and marketing scale to transform the brand. The Company is building a digital ecosystem that consumers can use as a one-stop shop for their entertainment needs by engaging with a variety of digital video services within the Redbox app in an integrated, easy-to-use format. This simplifies the customer experience, drives multi-product adoption, and minimizes customer churn. These services span multiple business models including transactional, ad-supported, and in the future, subscription. The Company’s digital products are available to stream across web browsers, mobile devices, and almost every major consumer device, including Roku, Apple TV, Samsung, LG, Android TV, VIZIO, Xbox and PlayStation.

In December 2017, the Company launched Redbox On Demand, a digital transactional video-on-demand service (TVOD), allowing customers to rent or buy new release and catalog digital movies and television episodes, with new release prices typically ranging from $5.99 to $24.99 and catalog movies from $1.99 to $16.99, not including any discounts. Since 2020, customers have also been able to digitally rent movies that are still in theaters, which is now known as Premium Video-On-Demand service (PVOD). Customers pay a transactional fee to rent or buy content while earning Redbox Perks loyalty points every time they transact. Redbox On Demand has seen rapid growth and adoption with almost 4 million customers. That growth has been fueled primarily through leveraging the Company’s own marketing channels including e-mail and SMS and offering rewards points or promos to drive digital customer acquisition.

In February 2020, the Company launched Redbox Free Live TV (FLTV), an ad-supported digital linear television service, as a complement to the existing transactional On Demand service. With over 130 linear channels and growing, including five Redbox-branded and programmed channels, Free Live TV gives customers the opportunity to channel surf and find content that interests them. In addition, the Redbox-branded channels, which are programmed by the Company, are also currently syndicated to the third-party Free Ad-Supported TV (“FAST”) Channel services, including the Roku Channel, LG Channels and Vizio Watchfree, which serves to drive greater viewership and revenue.

Redbox also launched an ad-supported Free On Demand service (AVOD) in December 2020. AVOD gives consumers complete control over when they watch and with the growth of Redbox’s AVOD library, which is approximately 8,000 movies and TV episodes, consumers have a broad amount of content to choose from. The ad-supported services (FLTV and AVOD) have seen strong growth in engagement as new titles are added and awareness of the offering grows.

Finally, Redbox operates a media advertising business which monetizes monthly display and video ad impressions across its streaming and mobile app, web, e-mail and kiosk network. The Company drives advertising revenue through a mix of programmatic

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advertising and direct sales. Direct ad sales for the media above as well as video advertising for Free On Demand and FLTV are driven by an internal sales team and a strategic sales partnership with Screenvision and the Palomino Media Group.

Redbox Competitive Strengths

The Company believes the business is driven by the following competitive differentiators:

Established brand in home entertainment. With over 6 billion movies rented over last 19 years, Redbox is a well-known and established brand in the entertainment space. Redbox has a large and highly differentiated customer base of value-conscious customers, many of whom are late-adopters of new technology. This creates a unique opportunity to carve out a differentiated market positioning to attract and retain customers as they adopt digital entertainment options.

Attractive value for new release movies. At approximately $2.00 a night for a new release disc movie rental, Redbox provides one of the best values in entertainment, especially when compared to the typical price of $5.99 for a digital rental of the same title. This is a clear differentiator, especially for value conscious consumers. Customers are usually able to access these movies 60 to 120 days before they become available on subscription streaming platforms which require monthly subscription fees ranging from $5.00 to $20.00 a month depending on the provider.

Unique, Loyal and Differentiated Customer Base. As a result of the price point and retail distribution channels, Redbox has attracted a unique customer base. Over 70% of the Company’s customers self-identify as “deal hunters,” and Redbox customers have been slower to fully transition to digital. Approximately 70% of the customer base identifies as later adopters of technology and over-indexes on traditional cable TV spend. This unique customer base provides Redbox a great opportunity to tailor its digital products to serve their specific needs as they make a shift to digital over time.

Robust Redbox Perks Program Drives Loyalty and Product Sampling. The Redbox Perks program allows the Company to reward value-conscious customers with benefits earned through loyalty points every time they transact. Those points can then be redeemed for free or discounted rentals in the future, driving greater loyalty and engagement. With 40 million members, the Redbox Perks program is truly unique in its offering and scale and becomes a competitive advantage when driving new customer adoption of digital services and minimizing customer churn. The Perks points not only incentivize users to create log-in credentials and opt-in to marketing communications, but they can also be used to encourage further customer engagement such as increased transactional frequency, downloading the mobile app, or trialing new digital services such as Redbox FLTV or Redbox On Demand.

Marketing Scale and Expansive Geographic Reach Helps Drive Physical to Digital Conversion. Redbox has made significant investments in marketing initiatives including Redbox Perks, data analytics and customer relationship management (CRM). With approximately 45 million e-mail subscribers, approximately 5 million SMS subscribers and deep customer transactional and behavioral data, Redbox has a distinct advantage in driving new digital customers at minimal cost while simultaneously reinforcing the physical business. With the introduction of multiple new digital products in 2020, the Company is leveraging its kiosk network to drive awareness and trial of its digital services. The Company’s kiosks provide an expansive marketing platform through an estimated 375 million weekly impressions in retail.

Multiple Revenue Streams to Support Future Growth. In addition to the revenue that is generated through both rentals and sales of movies at its kiosks, the Company has created multiple complementary revenue streams to drive future growth (TVOD, FLTV, AVOD, Redbox Entertainment, service business, and digital media and advertising). These diversified revenue streams not only create a larger total addressable market, but also help to de-risk investment in the Company, as successes in any one business are reinforcing and additive to the other businesses. This enables Redbox’s continued growth and allows for greater flexibility to drive more customers, create market leverage, or reduce costs.

Built-in distribution for Redbox Entertainment titles allow the Company to secure and profitably release titles. Redbox is able to profitably acquire titles through its Redbox Entertainment label given the built in distribution that exists through the kiosk and digital businesses. With a deep understanding of customer movie preferences, Redbox is able to acquire titles that the Company believes will perform well, generating incremental revenue at the kiosk. In addition, Redbox is able to broadly release titles across Redbox digital platforms concurrently and with the revenue generated from built-in physical and digital distribution, Redbox can efficiently recoup the upfront fees for long-term distribution rights. Subsequently, the Company can license those titles to other streaming partners downstream in transactional or subscription streaming windows to drive greater revenue and profits.

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Best-in-class service team provides additional growth opportunities. Because of the scale and efficiency required to service approximately 38,000 kiosks across 33,000 retail locations, Redbox has developed a large, national, best-in-class service team. With such a strong operations team, the Company can more efficiently and cost effectively install, merchandise, and service other kiosk-based, automated retailers than those companies can themselves. In addition to creating a new avenue for revenue growth, the service business helps reduce operational and overhead costs required for servicing Redbox as we realize efficiencies of scale.

Market Opportunity

The growth of streaming services has disrupted the traditional television distribution industry with a growing number of consumers “cutting the cord” and abandoning their traditional cable subscriptions. This disruption in the market and change in consumer behavior serve as tailwinds for Redbox’s digital transformation as more late adopters, who most resemble Redbox customers, cut the cord. As consumers leave the traditional pay television ecosystem, many are replacing those content services by accessing multiple other services requiring more apps, more passwords, and more billing information, which creates complexity and confusion for consumers. By providing Redbox customers with a single app offering a wide variety of entertainment choices, Redbox can provide consumers with a one-stop shop across multiple content services that we believe will simplify the customer experience, minimize customer churn, and drive higher average revenue.

In addition to the large consumer shift in cord cutting, the Company’s introduction of multiple new digital products has expanded its total addressable market. With Redbox’s On Demand service, the Company is also competing in a $4.7 billion market today according to SNL Kagan. And with the expansion into AVOD and SVOD channels, Redbox projects an even larger growth opportunity, per SNL Kagan, with a current combined total addressable market of $53 billion in the US, representing 24% growth from 2020 to 2021. With a combined total addressable market of approximately $58 billion, we believe Redbox is well positioned for growth given its established brand, customer base, and marketing assets and scale.

Growth Strategy

Redbox’s transformation into a multi-faceted entertainment company creates multiple areas for future growth. The Company’s expansion into AVOD and our intended eventual expansion into subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) will allow Redbox to participate in a very large and rapidly growing market. The Company is well positioned for long-term value creation through its focus on:

Growing multi-product customers. Redbox expects to grow multi-product customers through increasing customer acquisition marketing and spend across streaming device partners, marketing at the kiosk, and other external paid media. The Company has relied primarily on internal e-mail and SMS channels to drive customer acquisition. Thus, increased spend and attention via these additional channels with more content and services offered, will drive greater customer growth. Redbox will also continue to invest in driving multi-product customer adoption through improved CRM, greater personalization and targeted use of promotions to create more personalized customer funnels to encourage users to trial and adopt other digital services within the Redbox app.

Accelerating AVOD adoption. Redbox projects growth for the Company’s ad-supported service through measured investment to expand the Free Live TV and Free On Demand content offerings. Through increased content volume, the Company expects to drive higher engagement and more hours watched per customer. Further, this improved content is expected to drive an increase in customers, accelerating the business while maintaining a reasonable customer acquisition cost.

Ramping Content Acquisition. Redbox Entertainment drives additional revenue in two ways. First, it provides more content for the kiosk, On Demand and ad-supported offerings and second, it generates revenue from distributing and licensing to other streaming platforms. Redbox expects to ramp the number of releases to 36 per year over time. The number of releases will naturally ramp as committed titles complete production and are delivered and the pipeline continues to grow.

Launching SVOD channels platform. As part of its long-term growth strategy, the Company also intends to develop a subscription channels product (SVOD channels), which would give consumers the opportunity to subscribe to multiple third-party premium SVOD channels through the Redbox app. Premium SVOD channels would be merchandised alongside the new release transactional content and free ad-supported content. Redbox would simplify the sign in, content discovery, and billing process for customers by providing an integrated solution through the Redbox app. Further, the Company intends to provide additional value to its customers through bundled offers with loyalty points and/or promotions for discounts at the kiosk to drive customer acquisition and retention.

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Business Combination

On October 22, 2021, Redbox consummated the Business Combination. In connection with the Business Combination, the Company issued 32,770,000 shares of Class B common stock to Redwood Holdco, which have no economic rights, but entitle the holders thereof to one vote per issued share and may be exchanged on a one-for-one basis with Redwood Intermediate common units held by such holders for Class A common stock from time to time, subject to certain restrictions set forth in the Redwood Intermediate Limited Liability Company Agreement (such a surrender and exchange, an “Exchange”). Immediately prior to the Closing, the Company issued an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of Class A common stock to certain investors (the “PIPE Investors”) for a purchase price of $10.00 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $50 million. In addition, immediately prior to the closing of the Business Combination, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,995,989 shares of Class A common stock to certain investors (the “Backstop Subscribers”) for a purchase price of $10.10 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $20.2 million.

The result of the transaction transformed the Company into a publicly traded entity on the Nasdaq under the ticker symbol “RDBX”.

Following the closing of the Business Combination, Redwood Holdco controls a majority of the voting power of our outstanding common stock. As a result, we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance standards of Nasdaq. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including:

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the requirement that a majority of our board of directors consist of “independent directors” as defined under the rules of Nasdaq;

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the requirement that we have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities;

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the requirement that we have a nominating and corporate governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and

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the requirement for an annual performance evaluation of the compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees.

We intend to utilize these exemptions as long as we remain a controlled company.

For additional information on the Business Combination, see Note 3: Business Combination in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Business Update, Going Concern and Strategic Alternatives

Historically, rentals have been correlated with the number and quality of new theatrical titles released in a quarter. During 2021, Redbox’s business was negatively impacted by the effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in fewer than expected theatrical releases. In addition, the significant increase in impacts from the Omicron variant caused further disruption to the business. As such, Redbox rentals have not recovered to the extent expected and, notwithstanding the year-over-year increase in new releases, were lower than the fourth quarter of 2020. As part of an effort to expand its business and transform into a multi-faceted entertainment company, during the fourth quarter of 2021 and into 2022, Redbox increased its marketing and on-demand expenditures. Costs also increased as Redbox purchased more content, which were not offset by an increase in revenues.

On January 28, 2022, Redbox borrowed the remaining availability under its revolving credit facility. During 2022, management has been actively taking steps to decrease monthly costs, delay capital expenditures, and increase revenues. On April 1, 2022, the Company announced a reduction in force of 150 employees completed on March 29, 2022. The Company estimates that the workforce reduction will decrease its annual operating costs by approximately $13.1 million, and that it will incur one-time restructuring charges of approximately $3.8 million, the substantial amount of which will be related to severance.

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initiating a workforce reduction across its supply chain and corporate teams. However, the risks and uncertainties related to the ongoing adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operating results, together with the Company’s recurring operating losses, accumulated deficit and negative working capital, raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. See Note 1: Business Update, Going Concern and Strategic Alternatives in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

If the Company is unable to implement one or more of the strategic alternatives currently under consideration, it could continue to experience adverse pressures on its relationships with counterparties who are critical to its business, its ability to access the capital markets, its ability to execute on its operational and strategic goals and its business, prospects, results of operations and liquidity generally. There can be no assurance as to when or whether the Company will implement any action as a result of these strategic initiatives, whether the implementation of one or more such actions will be successful, or the effects the failure to take action may have on the Company’s business, its ability to achieve its operational and strategic goals or its ability to finance its business or refinance its indebtedness. A failure to address these matters, in the near-term will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, prospects, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition, and its ability to service or refinance its corporate debt as it becomes due.

Competition

Redbox’s business has experienced an increase in competition from new and existing competitors. Redbox competes for the time and attention of its users across different forms of media, including physical media retailers, traditional broadcast, cable, satellite and internet-delivered video, multichannel video programming distributors (“MVPDs”), over the top (“OTT”) media services and providers (including those that provide pirated content), video gaming providers, other providers of in-home and mobile entertainment such as radio, music streaming services, and social media and networking websites. Redbox further competes for the acquisition of film properties and their distribution by other companies. Many consumers maintain simultaneous relationships with multiple in-home entertainment providers and can easily shift time and spend from one provider to another.

Redbox competes to attract, engage, and retain users based on a number of factors, including the user experience, content range and quality, ease of use of Redbox’s platform, price, accessibility, perceptions of advertising load, brand awareness and reputation.

Many of Redbox’s competitors enjoy competitive advantages such as greater brand recognition, legacy operating histories and larger marketing and content budgets, as well as greater financial, technical, human and other resources.

Seasonality

Absent the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, Redbox has generally experienced seasonality in its rentals and revenue. Historically, greater demand over the holiday season typically results in higher rentals November through January. April has usually been a low rental month due, in part, to retail release timing in connection with the Academy Awards that historically has provided stronger content and resulted in higher rentals in March. September and October have been low rental months due, in part, to the beginning of the school year and the introduction of the new fall television season. Significant recurring events, such as the Olympics, also have a negative impact on rentals as they compete with customer viewing interest for movie content and affect retail release timing, which aims to avoid such events. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 have disrupted, and may continue to disrupt, our typical seasonal patterns.

Human Capital Management

The company believes that its employees, and their continued good health, financial security, and peace of mind, are vital to the company’s success. The company offers competitive compensation and high-quality benefit programs that allow employees to choose the options that best fit their needs and those of their families. The company also maintains a recognition program that provides managers several options to recognize both their teams and individual contributions.

To help protect its workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic, the company generally follows CDC Community Level Guidance, the requirements of state and local authorities, and any restrictions in place when employees enter the facility of a retail or other partner. In June 2020, the Company launched “Redbox United” as a way to support communities, and to address systemic racism through action and education.

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As of December 31, 2021, Redbox had 1,408 employees. Included in this total were 1,031 field service employees throughout the U.S. and Puerto Rico, who service Redbox’s kiosks. On April 1, 2022, the Company announced a reduction in force of 150 employees completed on March 29, 2022.

Available Information

We maintain an Investor Relations website at https://investors.redbox.com/ through which we make available the following filings as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC: our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All such filings are available free of charge. The information posted to our website is not incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the inclusion of our website address in this report is an inactive textual reference only.

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Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

Below is a summary of the principal factors that make an investment in Redbox speculative or risky. This summary does not address all of the risks that we face. Additional discussion of the risks summarized in this risk factor summary, and other risks that we face, can be found below, after this summary. An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes, before making an investment decision. If any of the events or circumstances described in the following risk factors actually occurs, our business, operating results, financial condition, cash flows, and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.

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The COVID-19 pandemic, along with the response to it by governmental regulators, Redbox partners and vendors, and the attempts to address, manage or contain it, may continue to harm our industry, business, results of operations and ability to raise additional capital.

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Competitive pressures could seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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There are many risks related to our DVD, Redbox On Demand and Original / Exclusive Content offerings which may negatively impact our business.

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If our efforts to attract and retain customers are not successful, our business will be adversely affected.

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If we cannot manage our business and its growth effectively, we could experience a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

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If we cannot execute on our growth strategies, some of which are untested, unproven or not yet fully developed, and offer new services, our business could suffer.

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We may be unable to successfully effectuate any or all of the strategic alternatives that we must implement in order to address our capital structure and funding needs.

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There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern and this could materially impact our ability to obtain financing and the value of our common stock.

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Changes in competitive offerings for entertainment video, including the potential rapid adoption of piracy-based video offerings, could adversely impact our business.

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Our future operating results may fluctuate.

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We face risks, such as unforeseen costs and potential liability in connection with content we acquire, produce, license and/or distribute through our service.

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Any significant disruption in or unauthorized access to our computer systems or those of third parties that we utilize in our operations, including those relating to cybersecurity or arising from cyber-attacks, could result in a loss or degradation of service, unauthorized disclosure of data, including user and corporate information, or theft of intellectual property, including digital content assets, which could adversely impact our business.

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Privacy concerns could limit our ability to collect and use customers and user personal information and other data and disclosure of customer and user personal information and other data could adversely impact our business and reputation.

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We may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property or enforce our patents and other proprietary rights.

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Our substantial indebtedness could materially and adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry and prevent us from making debt service payments.

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Despite our substantial indebtedness, we may still be able to incur significantly more debt, including secured debt, which could intensify the risks associated with our indebtedness.

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We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and to fund our working capital and capital expenditures and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness that may not be successful.

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Our debt agreements contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business.

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Risks Related to Our Business

The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, along with the response to it by governmental regulators, Redbox partners and vendors, and the attempts to address or manage it, have disrupted and may continue to disrupt our industry, business, results of operations and ability to raise additional capital.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the various attempts to contain it have created significant volatility, uncertainty and economic disruption. In an effort to contain COVID-19 or slow its spread, governments around the world have enacted various measures, some of which have been subsequently rescinded, modified or reinstated, including orders to close all businesses not deemed “essential,” isolate residents to their homes or places of residence, and practice social distancing. We anticipate that these actions and the global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, including any resurgences or variants, will continue to negatively impact business activity across the globe, even after the cessation of various governmental orders, advisories, and mandates. In response to government mandates, health care advisories and in otherwise responding to employee and vendor concerns, we have altered certain aspects of our operations. International and domestic travel has been severely curtailed and productions of our third-party content suppliers continue to experience disruption. Other partners have similarly had their operations disrupted, including those partners that we use for our operations as well as development, production and post-production of content. For example, in June 2021, we learned that certain studios were delaying releases of certain films, or changing the original distribution plans with respect to other films to send them direct to SVOD services, as a result of continued closures of, or capacity restrictions at, movie theaters due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, each of which results in fewer releases on our platform than we had previously expected. During the fourth quarter of 2021, Redbox had 24 theatrical releases, which was lower than expected. In addition, the significant increase in impacts from the Omicron variant caused disruption to the business. As such, Redbox rentals have not recovered to the extent expected and, notwithstanding the year-over-year increase in new releases, were lower than the fourth quarter of 2020. Historically, rentals have been correlated with the number and quality of new theatrical titles released in a quarter. In support of its efforts to expand its business and transform into a multi-faceted entertainment company, during the fourth quarter of 2021 and into 2022, Redbox increased its marketing and on-demand expenditures. Costs also increased as Redbox purchased more content. During that period, increased costs have not been offset by an increase in revenues. Redbox’s business has also experienced an increase in competition from new and existing competitors. As a result, our earnings were negatively impacted in 2021 and are expected to be impacted in 2022. To the extent the resulting economic disruption is severe, we could see some partners and vendors go out of business, resulting in reduced demand from distributors and consequent reduction in forecasted revenue, as well as supply constraints and increased costs or delays to our productions. Such production pauses may cause us to temporarily have less new content available on our service in subsequent quarters, which could negatively impact user demand for and user retention to our service. Temporary production pauses or permanent shutdowns in production could result in content asset impairments or other charges and will change the timing and amount of cash outflows associated with production activity.

The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic and the various responses to it impacts our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including: the duration and scope of the pandemic; governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the availability and cost to access the capital markets; the effect on our customers and customer demand for and ability to pay for our services; increased competition with alternative media platforms and technologies; disruptions or restrictions on our employees’ ability to work and travel; availability of theatrical titles; and any stoppages, disruptions or increased costs associated with our operations. If we need to access the capital markets, there can be no assurance that financing may be available on attractive terms, if at all. In addition, to the extent that economic uncertainty as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic impacts consumers’ ability or willingness to pay for our services, our business and results of operations could be negatively impacted. The resurgence of COVID-19 due to the Omicron variant has caused further disruption to consumer activity during the peak holiday season of 2021 and into 2022.

We will continue to actively monitor the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and may take further actions that alter our business operations, including distribution, partnerships and content production, as may be required by federal, state, local or foreign authorities, or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners and stockholders. It is not clear what potential effects any such alterations or modifications may have on our business, including the effects on our customers, suppliers or vendors, or on our financial results. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business and financial results, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section including, but not limited to, our ability to retain users, our ability to operate at a net loss, and our liquidity.

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Competitive pressures could seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The market for streaming entertainment is intensely competitive and subject to rapid change. We compete against other entertainment video providers, such as multichannel video programming distributors (“MVPDs”), streaming entertainment providers (including those that provide pirated content), video gaming providers and more broadly against other sources of entertainment including video-on-demand (VOD), subscription (SVOD) and ad-supported (AVOD) services. We compete against streaming entertainment providers and content producers in obtaining content for our service, both for licensed streaming content and for exclusive and original content projects.

Our business faces competition from many other sources, including those using similar distribution channels and having more experience, greater name recognition, larger or more appealing inventory, better financing, and better relationships with those in the movie industry, including: Netflix, Amazon, Hulu, Vudu, Roku, Sling, YouTube and YouTubeTV, Hulu, CBS, ABC, NBC, BBC, PBS, Fox Networks, Discovery Communications, Disney, Paramount, cable, satellite, and telecommunications providers, such as Comcast or DISH Network, traditional pay television programmers, such as HBO or Showtime, traditional brick and mortar video retailers, other DVD kiosk businesses, libraries and others. These competitors may also provide a broader range of content and the ability to apply considerable resources to acquired and original content.

Well-funded competitors may be better able to withstand economic downturns and periods of slow economic growth and the associated periods of reduced customer spending and increased pricing pressures. Some competitors are able to devote substantially more resources to website and systems development or to investments or partnerships. Some competitors have consolidated, and others may also consolidate with one another. We may be unable to compete successfully against current and future competitors, and competitive pressures could harm our business and prospects.

There are many risks related to our DVD, Redbox On Demand and Original / Exclusive Content offerings which may negatively impact our business.

We have invested, and plan to continue to invest, to maintain our infrastructure of Redbox kiosks in the United States. Optimizing our physical Redbox business will depend substantially upon growth or minimizing decline in same store sales. In addition, the home video distribution market is rapidly evolving as newer technologies and distribution channels compete for market share, and we have experienced a secular decline in the physical rental market. As this evolution continues, our DVD business and related operating results and financial condition will be adversely affected, and secular declines may accelerate. Some additional risks that could negatively impact our results include:

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increased availability of digital movie content and changes in consumer content delivery and viewing options and preferences, including increased use of online streaming, availability of content on portable devices, VOD, SVOD, AVOD and time- and place-shifting technologies;

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increased competition in the advertising video-on-demand segment including alternative or non-traditional forms of content, user generated content type offerings such as YouTube, free TV style offerings (including on-demand options such as Crackle), proprietary Apps and Channels provided and populated by traditional TV and theatrical content owners (Disney+, Peacock and similar channels);

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increased availability and quality of original programming and similar episodic content, and exclusive arrangements with programmers, such as HBO, Showtime, Amazon and Netflix.

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decreased quantity and quality of movie content available for DVD distribution due to changes in quantity of new releases by studios, a trend towards developing more high-budget “event” or “blockbuster” movies, movie content failing to appeal to consumers’ tastes, increased focus on digital sales and rentals, and other general industry-related factors, including financial disruptions, and labor conflicts;

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studios reserving movies for exhibition, during certain strategic windows or beyond, on their own proprietary streaming services;

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decreased costs for consumers to purchase or receive movie content, including less expensive DVDs, more aggressive competitor pricing strategies and piracy;

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windowing of titles and DVDs may change without notice by the studios, DVDs may be released closer to alternative types of content distribution or after alternative methods of content distribution which may impact performance;

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increased competition for physical floor space in retail locations where our kiosks are located, both by unrelated third-party offerings and perceived monetization opportunities by the retailers themselves;

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increased operational costs; and

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supply chain delays for inventory and parts including physical discs, and kiosk parts.

As a result, we expect our DVD business results to continue to decline over time and increased competition in the AVOD segment. Further, any additional adverse developments relating to any of these risks, as well as others relating to our participation in the home video industry, could significantly affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

We may make acquisitions and investments, which could result in operating difficulties and other harmful consequences.

We evaluate potential growth opportunities, including acquisitions and investments. For example, we entered into an agreement to acquire the operations of our DVD distribution and packaging provider in the fourth quarter of 2021. Any transactions that we enter into could be material to our financial condition and results of operation. The acquisitions may not result in the intended benefits to our business, and we may not successfully evaluate or utilize the acquired products, technology, or personnel, or accurately forecast the financial impact of an acquisition transaction. The process of integrating an acquired company, business or technology could create unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures. Factors that may cause the Company not to achieve the anticipated benefits from any acquisition include:

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unanticipated costs or liabilities associated with the acquisition;

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difficulty incorporating acquired logistics systems and platforms;

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risks of entering new markets;

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incurrence of acquisition-related costs;

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diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns;

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the potential loss of key employees;

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use of resources that are needed in other parts of our business; and

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use of substantial portions of our available cash to consummate the acquisition.

If we are unable to successfully integrate and operate the DVD distribution and packaging operations, our DVD business may incur a significant negative impact and disruption and we may have to find alternative means of operating our DVD business which may be less efficient or cause us to incur higher costs.

If our efforts to attract and retain customers are not successful, our business will be adversely affected.

Our ability to continue to attract users will depend in part on our ability to effectively market our services, consistently provide our users with compelling content choices, as well as a quality experience for selecting and viewing our content library. Furthermore, the relative service levels, content offerings, pricing and related features of our competitors may adversely impact our ability to attract and retain users.

To succeed, we must continue to attract and retain a large number of new users. We may be required to incur significantly higher advertising and promotional expenditures than we currently anticipate to attract large numbers of new users. We believe that the importance of brand loyalty will increase with the continued proliferation of digital streaming services. If our branding efforts are not successful, our operating results and our ability to attract and retain users will be adversely affected.

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If consumers do not perceive our service offerings to be of value, including if we introduce new or adjust existing features, adjust pricing or service offerings or change the mix of content in a manner that is not favorably received by them, we may not be able to attract and retain users. If our efforts to satisfy our existing users are not successful, we may not be able to attract users, and as a result, our ability to maintain and/or grow our business will be adversely affected. Users may stop using our services for many reasons, including a perception that the selection of content is unsatisfactory, competitive services provide a better value or experience or customer service issues are not satisfactorily resolved. We must continually attract new users both to replace unengaged users and to grow our business beyond our current user base. If we do not grow as expected, we may not be able to adjust our expenditures or increase our per user revenues commensurate with the lowered growth rate, such that our margins, liquidity and results of operation may be adversely impacted. If we are unable to successfully compete with current and new competitors in both retaining our existing users and attracting new users, our business will be adversely affected. Further, if excessive numbers of users cease using our services, we may be required to incur significantly higher marketing expenditures than we currently anticipate to replace these users with new users.

If we cannot manage our business and its growth effectively, we could experience a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We are expanding our operations, scaling our streaming service to effectively and reliably handle anticipated growth in both users and features, ramping up our ability to distribute and license original and exclusive content, continuing to operate our DVD service and providing kiosk services to business clients. The Company has slowed investments across certain growth initiatives in the near term to conserve liquidity, including its intended SVOD service offering. As our offerings evolve, we are managing and adjusting our business to address varied content offerings, industry best practices related to e-commerce and streaming video, as well as differing legal and regulatory environments. As we scale our streaming service, we are developing technology and utilizing third-party “cloud” computing services. As we ramp up our original content distribution, we are building out expertise in a number of disciplines, including creative, marketing, legal, finance, licensing, merchandising and other resources related to the distribution of content. Further, we may expand our content offering in a manner that is not well received by consumers. These expansions have placed, and may continue to place, significant demands on our operational, financial and administrative infrastructure and our management. As our operations have grown in size, scope and complexity, we have focused on integrating, improving and upgrading our systems and infrastructure related to providing attractive and efficient consumer products and services, and our administration and internal systems, processes and controls.

Although we believe the total addressable market for automated DVD rental kiosks is large, we cannot be certain about its size, the most effective plan for locating kiosks, or the optimum market density. Because the kiosk market and our business model are continually evolving, we have incomplete data and track records for predicting kiosk and market performance in future periods. As a result, we may make errors in predicting and reacting to relevant business and consumer trends, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, we may, among other things, over-install or de-install kiosks in certain geographic areas leading to non-accretive locations, and we cannot be certain that historical revenue ramps for new kiosks will be sustainable in the future.

As we grow our operations, we may face integration and operational challenges as well as potential unknown liabilities and reputational concerns in connection with partners we work with or companies we may acquire or control. If we are not able to manage the growing complexity of our business, including improving, refining or revising our systems and operational practices related to our streaming operations and original content, our business may be adversely affected.

Managing our business changes will require significant expenditures and allocation of valuable management and operational resources. If we fail to achieve the necessary level of efficiency in our organization, including effectively evolving and growing our business lines, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.

If we cannot execute on our growth strategies, some of which are untested, unproven or not yet fully developed, and offer new services, our business could suffer.

Our growth strategy is based upon leveraging our core competencies in the entertainment space to provide the consumer with convenience and value and to help retailers, partners and advertisers drive incremental traffic and revenue. To be competitive, we need to offer compelling service offerings that are accepted by the market and establish third-party relationships necessary to develop our streaming offerings as well as maintain our Legacy business. We are exploring new services to offer. However, the complexities and structures of these new businesses and products could create conflicting priorities, require additional resources, and negatively impact our core businesses.

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We may use our financial resources and management’s time and focus to invest in other companies offering similar services. We may seek to organically grow our Redbox On Demand, Free On Demand, Free Live TV offerings, original or exclusive content offerings through our Redbox Entertainment brand. We may seek to offer new products or services on our current kiosks, such as the ability to subscribe to third-party streaming services and new ways to offer third-party advertising. We may enter into joint ventures through which we may expand our product and service offerings. Any new business opportunity also may have its own unique risks related to operations, finances, intellectual property, technology, legal and regulatory issues, corporate governance or other challenges, for which we may have limited or no prior experience. Stabilization of performance in our Legacy business as we emerge from a prolonged period of COVID impacts is important to providing funding to continue to grow our digital offerings. In addition, if we fail to establish or maintain relationships with significant retailers, partners, advertisers and suppliers in a timely manner, we may not be able to provide our consumers with desirable new services. Further, to develop and commercialize certain new products and services, we may need to enhance the capabilities of our current kiosks, as well as adapt our related networks and systems through appropriate technological solutions for streaming services, and establish market acceptance of such products or services. As we expand into new markets and services or increase certain operations in connection with our growth strategies, we may be required to comply with new regulatory requirements, which could require additional expenses, increase our cost of doing business, impose additional burdens on us or otherwise negatively affect our business. In pursuing these growth strategies, we expect to incur significant operating and capital expenditures. It is possible that we will not be able to grow our revenues through these strategies, or if growth is achieved, that it will be maintained for any significant period, or at all.

We may be unable to successfully effectuate any or all of the strategic alternatives that we must implement in order to address our capital structure and financing needs.

The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted our business in 2021, and continues to have ongoing adverse effects on our business and results of operations and capital structure. The Company is considering a number of strategic alternatives or transactions to address the situation, and has also announced a series of restructuring actions and initiatives to improve its efficiency and reduce its cost structure, including, but not limited to, (i) optimizing its kiosk network and (ii) initiating a workforce reduction across its supply chain and corporate teams. There can be no assurance as to when or whether the Company will implement any action as a result of these strategic initiatives, whether the implementation of one or more such actions will be successful, whether the Company will be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or the effects the failure to take action may have on the Company’s business, its ability to achieve its operational and strategic goals or its ability to finance its business. A failure to address the Company’s capital structure in the near-term will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition, and prospects.

There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern and this could materially impact our ability to obtain capital financing and the value of our common stock.

Due to the uncertainty of the effects the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic will have on our future results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, there is substantial doubt as to the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The Company is considering a number of strategic alternatives and transactions, as well as a series of restructuring actions and initiatives to improve its efficiency and reduce its cost structure. However, there can be no assurance that these steps will be sufficient to mitigate the adverse trends we are experiencing in our businesses.

Management may seek to implement further cost and capital expenditure reductions, as necessary. Even if the Company is able to achieve some or all of the contemplated actions, there can be no assurances that we can complete any such actions or strategic transactions in amounts sufficient to alleviate the substantial doubt regarding the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.

If we cannot continue as a going concern, our stockholders would likely lose most or all of their investment in us and holders of our indebtedness may also suffer material losses on their investments. Reports raising substantial doubt as to a company’s ability to continue as a going concern are generally viewed unfavorably by analysts and investors and could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and liquidity.

If we are unable to grow the client base of our third-party kiosk service business, our services line of business may be at risk.

We currently leverage our large and remote Redbox kiosk field workforce to provide services to our third-party kiosk owners. Our ability to engage and retain this workforce is necessary to merchandise and service our Redbox kiosks, meet the demands of our retail partners and users, and deliver service for our service business accounts. If we cannot continue to retain this workforce at adequate levels, our costs may rise, our service line of business may not meet committed service levels and our customers and retail

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partners may be dissatisfied. If the network of kiosk we service declines (including our own Redbox network of kiosk) or if we are unable to maintain key accounts (ecoATM and Amazon Locker being our largest clients) or obtain new clients, we may not be able to continue this line of business and obtain expected benefits and our business may be adversely affected.

Changes in how we market our services could adversely affect our marketing expenses and user levels may be adversely affected.

We utilize a broad mix of marketing and public relations programs, including social media sites, to promote our services and content to existing and potential new users. We may limit or discontinue use or support of certain marketing channels or activities if advertising rates increase or if we become concerned that users or potential users deem certain marketing platforms or practices intrusive or damaging to our brand. If the available marketing channels are curtailed, our ability to engage existing users and attract new users may be adversely affected. Companies that promote our services may decide that we negatively impact their business or may make business decisions that in turn negatively impact us. For example, if they decide that they want to compete more directly with us, enter a similar business or exclusively support our competitors, we may no longer have access to their marketing channels. We utilize marketing to promote our content, drive conversation about our content and service, and drive rentals and viewing by our users. To the extent we promote our content or services inefficiently or ineffectively, we may not obtain the expected acquisition and retention benefits and our business may be adversely affected

Changes in competitive offerings for entertainment video, including the potential rapid adoption of piracy-based video offerings, could adversely impact our business.

The market for entertainment video is intensely competitive and subject to rapid change. Through new and existing distribution channels, consumers have increasing options to access entertainment video. The various economic models underlying these channels include subscription, transactional, ad-supported and piracy-based models. All of these have the potential to capture meaningful segments of the entertainment video market. Piracy, in particular, threatens to damage our business, as its fundamental proposition to consumers is so compelling and difficult to compete against: virtually all content for free. Furthermore, in light of the compelling consumer proposition, piracy services are subject to rapid global growth.

Traditional providers of entertainment video, including broadcasters and cable network operators, as well as internet based e-commerce or entertainment video providers are increasing their streaming video offerings. Several of these competitors have long operating histories, large customer bases, strong brand recognition, exclusive rights to certain content and significant financial, marketing and other resources. They may secure better terms from suppliers, adopt more aggressive pricing and devote more resources to product development, technology, infrastructure, content acquisitions and marketing.

New entrants may enter the market or existing providers may adjust their services with unique offerings or approaches to providing entertainment video. Companies also may enter into business combinations or alliances that strengthen their competitive positions. If we are unable to successfully or profitably compete with current and new competitors, our business will be adversely affected, and we may not be able to increase or maintain market share, revenues or profitability.

If we do not manage the content and availability of our DVD library effectively, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

A critical element of our Redbox business model is optimizing our library of DVD titles, formats, and copy depth to achieve satisfactory availability rates to meet consumer demand while also maximizing margins. If we do not acquire sufficient DVD titles, we may not appropriately satisfy consumer demand, which could decrease consumer satisfaction and we could lose consumers to competitors. Conversely, if we attempt to mitigate this risk and acquire a larger number of copies to achieve higher availability rates for select titles or a wider range of titles, our library utilization would become less efficient and our margins for the Redbox business would be adversely affected. Our ability to accurately predict consumer demand as well as market factors, such as our ability to obtain satisfactory distribution arrangements, may impact our ability to acquire appropriate quantities of certain DVD titles in a timely manner. In addition, if we are unable to obtain or maintain favorable terms from our suppliers with respect to such matters as timely movie access, copy depth, formats and product destruction, among others, or if the price of DVDs increases or decreases generally or for certain titles, our library may become unbalanced and our margins may be adversely affected.

Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected if certain agreements do not provide the expected benefits to us. For example, agreements may require us to license minimum quantities of theatrical and direct-to-video DVDs for rental at our kiosks. If the titles or format provided are not attractive to our consumers, we could be required to purchase too many copies of undesirable titles or an undesirable format, possibly in substantial amounts, which could adversely affect

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our Redbox business by decreasing consumer demand for offered DVD titles and consumer satisfaction with our services or negatively impact margins.

If we are unable to comply with, or lack the necessary internal controls to ensure appropriate documentation and tracking of our content library, we may, among other things, violate certain of our studio licensing arrangements, be forced to pay a fee for unaccounted DVDs and be susceptible to risks of theft and misuse of property, any of which may negatively affect our margins in the Redbox business. Any of these developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our failure to meet consumer expectations with respect to pricing our products and services may adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Demand for our products and services may be sensitive to pricing changes. We evaluate and update our pricing strategies from time to time, and changes we institute may have a significant impact on, among other things, our revenue and net income. In the future, fee increases or pricing changes may deter consumers from using our kiosks or reduce the frequency of their usage.

We may be unable to attract new partners, broaden current partner relationships, and penetrate new markets and distribution channels.

To increase the optimal availability of our products and services, we may need to attract new partners, or broaden and maintain relationships with current partners, and develop operational efficiencies that make it feasible for us to penetrate lower density markets or new distribution channels. If we are unable to do so, our future business and financial performance could be adversely affected.

Our future operating results may fluctuate.

Our future operating results will depend significantly on our ability to continue to drive new and repeat use of our Redbox kiosks and streaming services, our ability to develop and commercialize new products and services and the costs incurred to do so, and our ability to successfully integrate third-party relationships into our operations. Our operating results have a history of fluctuating and may continue to fluctuate based upon many factors, including fluctuations in revenue generated by and operating expenses incurred by our operating segments, seasonality, the timing of the release slate and the relative attractiveness of the titles available for rent in a particular quarter or year which may have lingering effects in subsequent periods, changes in consumer rental patterns, including the number of movies rented per visit, the type of DVDs they want to rent and for how long, the effects of legacy contracts with minimum purchase requirements, and the level of DVD migration between kiosks.

Absent the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, we have generally experienced seasonality in our rentals and revenue. Historically, greater demand over the holiday season typically results in higher rentals November through January. April has usually been a low rental month due, in part, to retail release timing in connection with the Academy Awards that historically has provided stronger content and resulted in higher rentals in March. September and October have been low rental months due, in part, to the beginning of the school year and the introduction of the new fall television season. Significant recurring events, such as the Olympics, also have a negative impact on rentals as they compete with customer viewing interest for movie content and affect retail release timing, which aims to avoid such events. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted seasonal patterns in 2020 and 2021, and may have ongoing disruptive effects on typical seasonal patterns through 2022.

The long-term and fixed cost nature of our original or exclusive content distribution rights may limit our operating flexibility and could adversely affect our liquidity and results of operations.

In connection with our exclusive licensing of content, we typically enter into multi-year commitments with studios and other content providers. We also enter into multi-year commitments for content that we have exclusive distribution rights to, either directly or through third parties, including elements associated with these productions such as non-cancelable commitments under talent agreements.

Given the multiple-year duration and largely fixed cost nature of some of our content commitments, if user acquisition and retention do not meet our expectations, or if we are unable to distribute and license such content to third parties, our margins may be adversely impacted. Payment terms for certain content commitments, such as content we have exclusive distribution rights to under the Redbox Entertainment brand, will typically require more up-front cash payments than other content licenses or arrangements whereby we do not provide minimum guarantees. To the extent user and/or revenue growth do not meet our expectations, our liquidity

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and results of operations could be adversely affected as a result of content commitments and payment requirements of certain agreements. In addition, the long-term and fixed cost nature of some of our content commitments may limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to changes in our business and the market segments in which we operate. If we license and/or produce content that is not favorably received by consumers or third-party distributors, acquisition and retention may be adversely impacted and given the fixed cost nature of our content commitments, we may not be able to adjust our content offering quickly and our results of operation may be adversely impacted. Further, there is significant competition for exclusive content, which may limit our ability to acquire a sufficient number of titles or may cause increases in prices that impact profitability of titles acquired.

We face risks, such as unforeseen costs and potential liability in connection with content we acquire, produce, license and/or distribute through our service.

As a distributor of content, we face potential liability for negligence, copyright and trademark infringement, or other claims based on the nature and content of materials that we acquire, license and/or distribute. We also may face potential liability for content used in promoting our service, including marketing materials. We will devote more resources toward the licensing, marketing and distribution of exclusive or original content under our Redbox Entertainment brand. We believe that original content can help differentiate our service from other offerings, enhance our brand and otherwise attract and retain users. To the extent our original content does not meet our expectations, in particular, in terms of costs, viewing and popularity, our business, including our brand and results of operations may be adversely impacted. As we expand our original content, we may become responsible for additional associated costs. Negotiations or renewals related to entertainment industry collective bargaining agreements could negatively impact timing and costs associated with our original content. We contract with third parties related to the development, production, marketing and distribution of our original content. We may face potential liability or may suffer losses in connection with these arrangements, including but not limited to if such third parties violate applicable law, become insolvent or engage in fraudulent behavior. To the extent we create and sell physical or digital merchandise relating to our original content, and/or license such rights to third parties, we could become subject to product liability, intellectual property or other claims related to such merchandise. We may decide to remove content from our service, not to place licensed or produced content on our service or discontinue or alter distribution of original content if we believe such content might not be well received by our users, or could be damaging to our brand or business.

To the extent we do not accurately anticipate costs or mitigate risks, including for content that we obtain but ultimately does not appear on or is removed from our service, or if we become liable for content we acquire, produce, license and/or distribute, our business may suffer. Litigation to defend these claims could be costly and the expenses and damages arising from any liability or unforeseen production risks could harm our results of operations. We may not be indemnified against claims or costs of these types and we may not have insurance coverage for these types of claims.

If content providers or other rights holders refuse to license streaming content or other rights upon terms acceptable to us, our business could be adversely affected.

Our ability to provide our users with content they want to watch depends on content providers and other rights holders’ licensing rights to distribute such content and certain related elements thereof, such as the public performance of music contained within the content we distribute, upon terms acceptable to us. While the license periods and the terms and conditions of such licenses vary, a significant portion of our available content is subject to license for a given period. If the content providers and other rights holders are not able or are no longer willing to license us content upon terms acceptable to us, our ability to deliver particular items of content to our customers will be adversely affected and/or our costs could increase. Certain licenses for content allow for the content providers to withdraw content from our service relatively quickly, and such content providers could decide that we negatively impact their business or may make business decisions that in turn negatively impact us. For example, certain content providers, could decide that they want to compete more directly with us, enter a similar business or exclusively support our competitors, consolidate or otherwise engage in mergers and acquisitions (such as the recent announcement by MGM and Amazon) and in such event we may no longer have access to their content at all or only at higher rates. Because of these provisions as well as other actions we may take, content available through our service can be withdrawn on short notice. As competition increases, we may see the cost of programming increase. As we seek to differentiate our service, we are increasingly focused on securing certain exclusive rights when obtaining content, including original content. We are also focused on programming an overall mix of content that delights our users in a cost efficient manner. Within this context, we are selective about the titles we add and renew to our service. If we do not maintain a compelling mix of content, our user acquisition and retention may be adversely affected.

Music and certain authors’ performances contained within content we distribute may require us to obtain licenses for such distribution. In this regard, we are engaged in negotiations with performance rights organizations (“PROs”) that hold certain rights to music and/or other interests in connection with streaming content into various territories. If we are unable to reach mutually acceptable

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terms with these organizations, we could become involved in litigation and/or could be enjoined from distributing certain content, which could adversely impact our business. Additionally, pending and ongoing litigation, as well as negotiations between certain PROs and other third parties in various territories, could adversely impact our negotiations with PROs, or result in music publishers represented by certain PROs unilaterally withdrawing rights, and thereby adversely impact our ability to reach licensing agreements reasonably acceptable to us. Failure to reach such licensing agreements could expose us to potential liability for copyright infringement or otherwise increase our costs.

We rely upon a number of partners to make our service available on their devices.

We currently offer users the ability to receive streaming content through a host of internet-connected screens, including TVs, digital video players, television set-top boxes and mobile devices (by way of example Roku, Apple, LG, Samsung and others), some of whom may have investments in, or control their own, competing streaming content providers. If partners or other providers do a better job of connecting consumers with content they want to watch, for example through multi-service discovery interfaces, our service may be adversely impacted. We intend to continue to broaden our relationships with existing partners and to increase our capability to stream content to other platforms and partners over time. If we are not successful in maintaining existing and creating new relationships, or if we encounter technological, content licensing, regulatory, business or other impediments to delivering our streaming content to our users via these devices, our ability to retain users and grow our business could be adversely impacted.

Our agreements with our partners are typically between one and three years in duration and our business could be adversely affected if, upon expiration, a number of our partners do not continue to provide access to our service or are unwilling to do so on terms acceptable to us, which terms may include the degree of accessibility and prominence of our service. These partners may choose to not renew or restrict all or part of our content services on their platforms, they may charge or require fees or revenue sharing that would impact our decision to distribute via their platform (if at all), or they could discriminate in how they promote or favor their own services to the detriment of Redbox.

Furthermore, devices are manufactured and sold by entities other than Redbox and while these entities should be responsible for the devices’ performance, the connection between these devices and Redbox may nonetheless result in consumer dissatisfaction toward Redbox and such dissatisfaction could result in claims against us or otherwise adversely impact our business. In addition, technology changes to our streaming functionality may require that partners update their devices, or may lead us to stop supporting the delivery of our service on certain legacy devices. If partners do not update or otherwise modify their devices, or if we discontinue support for certain devices, our service and our users’ use and enjoyment could be negatively impacted.

The termination, non-renewal or renegotiation on materially adverse terms of our contracts or relationships with one or more of our significant retailers or studios could seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The success of our DVD business depends in large part on our ability to maintain contractual relationships with our partners in profitable locations. Certain contract provisions with our partners vary, including product and service offerings, the fees we are committed to pay, and the ability to cancel the contract upon notice after a certain period of time. For our DVD business we typically enter multi-year kiosk installation agreements that automatically renew until we, or the retailer, gives notice of termination. We strive to provide direct and indirect benefits to our partners that are superior to, or competitive with, other providers or systems or alternative uses of the floor space that our kiosks occupy. We prefer to have our kiosks placed at strategic, high-traffic locations within a partner location. If we are unable to provide them with adequate benefits, we may be unable to maintain or renew our contractual relationships on acceptable terms, causing our business, financial condition and results of operations to suffer. Additionally, to the extent a partner desires to periodically remodel its stores, and to use the space previously allocated to Redbox for different purposes (e.g., home pickup and delivery services), our business, financial condition and results of operations could suffer.

Certain retailers account for a substantial amount of our business. For example, we have significant relationships with Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. and Walgreen Co., which accounted for approximately 13.0% and 11.9% of our consolidated revenue, respectively, during 2021. Although we have had, and expect to continue to have, a successful relationship with these partners, changes will continue to occur both in the short- and long-term, some of which could adversely affect our business and reputation. The Redbox relationship with Walmart is governed by contracts that provide either party the right to terminate the contracts in their entirety, or as to any store serviced by the contracts, with or without cause, on as little as 180 days’ notice. Cancellation, non-renewal, adverse renegotiation of or other changes to these relationships could seriously harm our business and reputation.

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Our business also depends on our ability to obtain adequate content from movie studios. We have entered into licensing agreements with certain studios to provide delivery of their DVDs. If we are unable to maintain or renew our current relationships to obtain movie content on acceptable terms, our business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer.

If some or all of these agreements prove beneficial but are terminated early, we could be negatively impacted. Moreover, if we cannot maintain similar arrangements in the future with these or other studios or distributors, or these arrangements do not provide the expected benefits to us, our business could suffer. Further, a failure to address the Company’s capital structure in the near-term may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s relationships with retail partners and studios as well as other suppliers.

Payment of increased fees to retailers or other third-party service providers could negatively affect our business results.

We face ongoing pricing pressure from our retailers to increase the service fees we pay to them on our products and services or to make other financial concessions to win or retain their business. If we are unable to respond effectively to ongoing pricing-related pressures, we may fail to win or retain certain accounts. Our fee arrangements are based on our evaluation of unique factors with each retailer, such as total revenue, long-term, non-cancelable contracts, installation of our kiosks in high-traffic, geographic locations and new product and service commitments. Together with other factors, an increase in service fees paid, or other financial concessions made to our retailers could significantly increase our direct operating expenses in future periods and harm our business.

We are subject to payment processing risk.

We accept payment for movie rentals through debit card, credit card and online wallet transactions. We rely on internal systems as well as those of third parties to process payments. The Durbin amendment to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act is unfavorable to us. We pay interchange and other fees, which have increased and may increase further over time. Further, because Redbox processes millions of small dollar amount transactions, and interchange fees represent a larger percentage of card processing costs compared to a typical retailer, we are relatively more susceptible to any fee increase. When interchange or other fees increase, it generally raises our operating costs and lowers our profit margins or requires that we charge our customers more for our products and services. To the extent there are increases in payment processing fees, material changes in the payment ecosystem, such as large re-issuances of payment cards, delays in receiving payments from payment processors, changes to rules or regulations concerning payments, loss of payment partners and/or disruptions or failures in our payment processing systems, partner systems or payment products, including products we use to update payment information our revenue, operating expenses and results of operation could be adversely impacted. In addition, from time to time, we encounter fraudulent use of payment methods, which could impact our results of operations and if not adequately controlled and managed could create negative consumer perceptions of our service. If we are unable to maintain our fraud and chargeback rate at acceptable levels, card networks may impose fines, our card approval rate may be impacted and we may be subject to additional card authentication requirements. The termination of our ability to process payments on any major payment method would significantly impair our ability to operate our business.

Changes in how network operators handle and charge for access to data that travel across their networks could adversely impact our business.

We rely upon the ability of consumers to access our service through the internet. If network operators block, restrict or otherwise impair access to our service over their networks, our service and business could be negatively affected. To the extent that network operators implement usage based pricing, including meaningful bandwidth caps, or otherwise try to monetize access to their networks by data providers, we could incur greater operating expenses and our user acquisition and retention could be negatively impacted.

Furthermore, to the extent network operators create tiers of internet access service and either charge us for or prohibit us from being available through these tiers, our business could be negatively impacted.

Most network operators that provide consumers with access to the internet also provide these consumers with multichannel video programming. As such, many network operators have an incentive to use their network infrastructure in a manner adverse to our continued growth and success. To the extent that network operators are able to provide preferential treatment to their data as opposed to ours or otherwise implement discriminatory network management practices, our business could be negatively impacted.

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We depend upon third-party manufacturers, suppliers and service providers for key components and substantial support for our kiosks.

We conduct limited manufacturing and refurbishment operations and depend on outside parties to manufacture key components of our kiosks. Third-party manufacturers may not be able to meet our manufacturing needs in a satisfactory and timely manner. If there is an unanticipated increase in our manufacturing needs which are not met in a timely and satisfactory manner, we may be unable to meet demand due to manufacturing limitations.

Some key hardware components used in our kiosks are obtained from a limited number of suppliers. We may be unable to continue to obtain an adequate supply of these components from our suppliers in a timely manner or, if necessary, from alternative sources. If we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of components from our current suppliers or locate alternative sources of supply in a timely manner, we may experience delays in installing or maintaining our kiosks, either of which could seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In 2021 and continuing into 2022, we have faced global supply chain challenges with certain key hardware components used in our kiosks being delayed. These supply chain constraints have resulted in inflationary pressure on component costs, longer lead times, and increased freight costs caused, in part, by the COVID-19 pandemic and the uncertain economic environment. In addition, current or future governmental policies may increase the risk of inflation, which could further increase the costs of components for our kiosks. If we are unable to mitigate the impact of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressure, our results of operations and financial condition could be negatively impacted.

Events outside of our control, including the economic environment, have negatively affected, and could continue to negatively affect, consumers’ use of our products and services.

Our consumers’ use of many of our products and services is dependent on discretionary spending, which is affected by, among other things, economic and political conditions, consumer confidence, interest, inflation and tax rates, and financial and housing markets. With economic uncertainty still affecting potential consumers, we may be impacted by more conservative purchasing tendencies with fewer non-essential products and services purchases during the coming periods if the current economic environment continues. In addition, because our business relies in part on consumers initially visiting retailers to purchase products and services that are not necessarily our products and services, if consumers are visiting retailers less frequently and being more careful with their money when they do, these tendencies may also negatively impact our business.

In addition, the ability of third parties to honor their obligations to us could be negatively impacted, as retailers, suppliers and other parties deal with the difficult economic environment. Finally, there may be consequences that will ultimately result from the current COVID-19 related economic conditions that are not yet known, and any one or more of these unknown consequences could potentially have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, operating results and liquidity, as well as our business generally.

The global credit and financial markets have recently experienced extreme volatility and disruptions, including severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence, declines in economic growth, increases in unemployment rates and uncertainty about economic stability. The financial markets and the global economy may also be adversely affected by the current or anticipated impact of military conflict, including the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, terrorism or other geopolitical events. Sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries in response to such conflicts, including the one in Ukraine, may also adversely impact the financial markets and the global economy, and any economic countermeasures by affected countries and others could exacerbate market and economic instability. There can be no assurance that further deterioration in credit and financial markets and confidence in economic conditions will not occur. Our general business strategy may be adversely affected by any such economic downturn, volatile business environment or continued unpredictable and unstable market conditions. If the current equity and credit markets deteriorate, it may make any necessary debt or equity financing more difficult, more costly and more dilutive. Failure to secure any necessary financing in a timely manner and on favorable terms could have a material adverse effect on our growth strategy, financial performance and stock price and could require us to delay or abandon critical development plans. In addition, there is a risk that one or more of our current service providers, manufacturers and other partners may not survive an economic downturn, which could directly affect our ability to attain our operating goals on schedule and on budget.

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Our business can be adversely affected by severe weather, natural disasters and other events beyond our control, such as earthquakes, fires, power failures, telecommunication loss, impacts from climate change and terrorist attacks.

Our assets are located in areas that may be subject to natural disasters, such as earthquakes, and extreme weather conditions, including, but not limited to, hurricanes, floods, tornados, wildfires, and winter storms. These assets may be vulnerable to natural disasters, including those exacerbated by the effects of climate change, telecommunications failures, and similar events. Such natural disasters, extreme weather conditions, or other events beyond our control may damage our kiosks and negatively impact our digital business and can, for extended periods of time, significantly reduce consumer use of our products and services as well as interrupt the ability of our employees and third-party providers to operate and service our legacy and digital businesses. We are also exposed to various risks arising out of man-made disasters, including acts of terrorism and ongoing military actions, the continued threat of which could cause significant volatility in financial markets, or otherwise trigger economic downturns.

A catastrophic event that results in the destruction or disruption of any of our critical business or information technology systems could harm our ability to conduct normal business operations and our operating results. Material operating issues arising from such events also could harm our company brand or reputation, which may impact our ability to acquire and retain users, as well as scale and sell advertising to brand and advertising partners. Such losses may not be fully covered by insurance. The company does not currently expect that compliance with government laws and regulations concerning the environment and those designated to address climate risk will have a material effect upon its capital expenditures, cash flow, financial condition, earnings and competitive position.

Litigation, arbitration, mediation, regulatory actions, investigations or other legal proceedings could result in material rulings, decisions, settlements, fines, penalties or publicity that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business has in the past been, is currently and may from time to time in the future be, party to legal proceedings, including regulatory actions, investigations, arbitrations, mediations and class actions. The outcome of such proceedings is often difficult to assess or quantify. Plaintiffs, regulatory bodies or other parties may seek very large or indeterminate amounts of money from us or substantial restrictions on our business activities, and the results, including the magnitude, of lawsuits, actions, settlements, decisions and investigations may remain unknown for substantial periods of time. The cost to defend, settle or otherwise finalize lawsuits, regulatory actions, investigations, arbitrations, mediations or other legal proceedings may be significant and such proceedings may divert management’s time. For example, in recent years we have been involved in consumer class action lawsuits, a securities class action and derivative lawsuit, and studio litigation, as well as other litigation in the ordinary course of business. In addition, there may be adverse publicity associated with any such developments that could decrease consumer acceptance of our products and services. As a result, litigation, arbitration, mediation, regulatory actions or investigations involving us or our affiliates may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The loss of key personnel or the inability of replacements to quickly and successfully perform in their new roles could adversely affect our business.

Changes in our senior management could result in disruptions to our operations. If we lose or terminate the services of one or more of our current executives or key employees or if one or more of our current or former executives or key employees joins a competitor or otherwise leaves or competes with us, it could harm our business and our ability to successfully implement our business plan. Additionally, if we are unable to timely hire qualified replacements for our executive and other key positions, our ability to execute our business plan could be harmed. Even if we can timely hire qualified replacements, we would expect to experience operational disruptions and inefficiencies during any transition.

The negative impact from the COVID-19 pandemic, rising wages, and other factors have, in many cases, contributed to heightened levels of employee attrition and difficulties retaining employees and talent, which could have a material impact on the Company’s strategies.

If we are unable to execute cost control measures successfully, our total operating costs may be greater than expected, which would adversely affect our profitability.

We continually assess our operations in an effort to identify opportunities to enhance efficiencies and reduce overhead costs and expenses. These activities in the past included, and could include in the future, outsourcing of various functions or operations, improving and upgrading our systems and infrastructure, acquiring and integrating the operations of our DVD distribution and packaging provider, and other activities that may result in changes to employee headcount. If we do not manage our costs or execute

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on such activities properly, such efforts may affect the quality of our services and our ability to generate future revenue and profits. Reductions in staff could also adversely affect morale, attrition, and our ability to recruit and retain employees.

Risks Related to Information Technology

We rely upon Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud Platform to operate certain aspects of our service and any disruption of or interference with our use of the Amazon Web Services or Google Cloud Platform operation would impact our operations and our business would be adversely impacted.

Amazon Web Services (“AWS”) and Google Cloud Platform (“GCP”) provide distributed computing infrastructure platforms for business operations, or what is commonly referred to as “cloud” computing services. We have architected our software and computer systems so as to utilize data processing, storage capabilities and other services provided by AWS and GCP. Currently, we run the vast majority of our computing on both AWS and GCP. In addition, Amazon’s retail division competes with us for customers and users, and Amazon could use, or restrict our use of, AWS to gain a competitive advantage against us. Given this, along with the fact that we cannot easily switch our AWS and GCP operations to another cloud provider, any disruption of or interference with our use of AWS or GCP would impact our operations and our business would be adversely impacted.

If the technology we use in operating our business fails, is unavailable, or does not operate to expectations, our business and results of operation could be adversely impacted.

We utilize a combination of proprietary and third-party technology to operate our business. This includes the technology that we utilize to recommend and merchandise content to our consumers as well as enable fast and efficient delivery of content to our users and their various consumer electronic devices. For example, we have built and deployed our own content-delivery network (“CDN”) using Amazon CloudFront. If our recommendation and merchandising technology does not enable us to predict and recommend titles that our users will enjoy, our ability to attract and retain users may be adversely affected. We also utilize third-party technology to help market our service, process payments, and otherwise manage the daily operations of our business. If our technology or that of third-parties we utilize in our operations fails or otherwise operates improperly, including as a result of “bugs” in our development and deployment of software, our ability to operate our service, retain existing users and add new users may be impaired. Any harm to our users’ personal computers or other devices caused by software used in our operations could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Defects, failures or security breaches in and inadequate upgrades of, or changes to, our operating systems could harm our business.

The operation of our business depends on sophisticated software, hardware, and computer networking and communication services that may contain undetected errors or may be subject to failures or complications. These errors, failures or complications may arise particularly when new, changed or enhanced products or services are added. In the past, there have been delays and disruptions resulting from upgrading or improving these operating systems. Future upgrades, improvements or changes that may be necessary to expand and maintain our business could result in delays or disruptions or may not be timely or appropriately made, any of which could seriously harm our operations.

Further, certain aspects of the operating systems relating to our business are provided by third parties, including telecommunications. Accordingly, the effectiveness of these operating systems is, to a certain degree, dependent on the actions and decisions of third parties over whom we may have limited control.

Failure to adequately comply with privacy notices, information security policies, standards or legal requirements or to adequately safeguard against breaches of such policies, standards or requirements could adversely affect our operations and could damage our business, reputation, financial position and results of operations.

As our business expands to provide new products and services, and as we continue our efforts to enhance the Redbox customer experience, we collect, transfer, retain and use consumer data as part of our business. These activities are subject to laws and regulations, as well as industry standards, in the United States and other jurisdictions in which our products and services are or may be made available. These requirements, which often differ materially and sometimes conflict among the many jurisdictions in which we operate, are designed to protect the privacy of consumers’ personal information and to prevent that information from being inappropriately collected, used or disclosed. We maintain and review technical and operational safeguards designed to protect this information and generally require third-party vendors and others with whom we work to do so as well. However, despite those

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safeguards, it is possible that hackers, employees acting contrary to our policies, third-party agents or others could improperly access relevant systems or improperly obtain or disclose data about our consumers, or that we may be determined not to be in compliance with applicable legal requirements and industry standards for data use and security, such as the Payment Card Industry guidelines. A breach or purported breach of relevant use and security policies or controls that compromises consumer data or determination of non-compliance with applicable legal requirements, privacy notices or industry standards for data use and security could expose us to regulatory enforcement actions, civil litigation, card association or other monetary fines or sanctions, or contractual liabilities, limit our ability to provide our products and services, subject us to legal action and related costs and damage our business reputation, financial position, and results of operations.

Our reputation and ability to attract, retain and serve our users is dependent upon the reliable performance and security of our computer systems and those of third parties that we utilize in our operations. These systems may be subject to cyber incident, damage or interruption from, among other things, earthquakes, adverse weather conditions, other natural disasters, lack of maintenance due to the COVID-19 pandemic, terrorist attacks, war or other military conflict, including the current war between Russia and Ukraine, rogue employees, power loss, telecommunications failures, and cybersecurity risks. Interruptions in these systems, or with the internet in general, could make our service unavailable or degraded or otherwise hinder our ability to deliver our service. Service interruptions, errors in our software or the unavailability of computer systems used in our operations could diminish the overall attractiveness of our services to existing and potential users.

Our computer systems and those of third parties we use in our operations are subject to cybersecurity threats, including cyber-attacks and loss of confidentiality, integrity or availability, both from state-sponsored and individual activity, such as hacks, unauthorized access, computer viruses, denial of service attacks, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions. These systems periodically experience directed attacks intended to lead to interruptions and delays in our service and operations as well as loss, misuse or theft of personal information and other data, confidential information or intellectual property. Additionally, outside parties may attempt to induce employees or users to disclose sensitive or confidential information in order to gain access to data. Any attempt by hackers to obtain our data (including user and corporate information) or intellectual property (including digital content assets), disrupt our service, or otherwise access our systems, or those of third parties we use, if successful, could harm our business, be expensive to remedy, expose us to potential liability and damage our reputation. We have implemented certain systems and processes to thwart hackers and protect our data and systems, but the techniques used to gain unauthorized access to data and software are constantly evolving, and we may be unable to anticipate or prevent unauthorized access. There is no assurance that hackers may not have a material impact on our service or systems in the future. Our insurance may not cover expenses related to such disruptions or unauthorized access. Efforts to prevent hackers from disrupting our service or otherwise accessing our systems are expensive to develop, implement and maintain. These efforts require ongoing monitoring and updating as technologies change and efforts to overcome security measures become more sophisticated, and may limit the functionality of or otherwise negatively impact our service offering and systems. Any significant disruption to our service or access to our systems could result in a loss of users and adversely affect our business and results of operation. Further, a penetration of our systems or a third-party’s systems or other misappropriation or misuse of personal information could subject us to business, regulatory, litigation and reputation risk, which could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We utilize our own communications and computer hardware systems located either in our facilities or in that of a third-party provider. In addition, we utilize third-party “cloud” computing services in connection with our business operations. We also utilize our own and third-party content delivery networks to help us stream digital services in high volume to our users over the internet. Problems faced by us or our third-party “cloud” computing or other network providers, including technological or business-related disruptions, as well as cybersecurity threats and regulatory interference, could adversely impact the experience of our users.

Risks Related to Privacy

Privacy concerns could limit our ability to collect and use customers and user personal information and other data and disclosure of user personal information and other data could adversely impact our business and reputation.

In the ordinary course of business and in particular in connection with content acquisition and advertising our service to our customers and users, we collect and utilize information, which may include personal information and other data. We currently face

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certain regulatory requirements regarding the manner in which we treat such information, including but not limited to the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”) and the Video Privacy Protection Act (“VPPA”). Any actual or perceived failure to comply with the CCPA or VPPA, other data privacy laws or regulations, or related contractual or other obligations, or any perceived privacy rights violation, could lead to investigations, claims, and proceedings by governmental entities and private parties, damages for contract breach, and other significant costs, penalties, and other liabilities, as well as harm to our reputation and market position.

Increased regulation of data utilization practices, including self-regulation or findings under existing laws that limit our ability to collect, transfer and use information and other data, could have an adverse effect on our business. In addition, if we were to disclose information and other data about our users in a manner that was objectionable to them, our business reputation could be adversely affected, and we could face potential legal claims that could impact our operating results. Internationally, we may become subject to additional and/or more stringent legal obligations concerning our treatment of customer and other personal information, such as laws regarding data localization and/or restrictions on data export. Failure to comply with these obligations could subject us to liability, and to the extent that we need to alter our business model or practices to adapt to these obligations, we could incur additional expenses.

Our reputation and relationships with users, retail partners and existing and potential advertisers would be harmed if user personal information, and other data, particularly billing data, were to be accessed by unauthorized persons.

We maintain personal information and other data regarding our users. This information and data is maintained on our own systems as well as that of third parties we use in our operations. With respect to billing information, such as credit card numbers, we rely on tokenization, encryption and authentication technology to secure such information. We take measures to protect against unauthorized intrusion into our users’ information and other data. Despite these measures we, our payment processing services or other third-party services we use such as AWS, could experience an unauthorized intrusion into our users’ information and other data. In the event of such a breach, current and potential users may become unwilling to provide the information to us necessary for them to continue using our services. We also may be required to notify regulators about any actual or perceived data breach as well as the individuals who are affected by the incident within strict time periods. We could face legal claims or regulatory fines or penalties for such a breach. The costs relating to any data breach could be material, and our insurance may not cover expenses related to such disruptions or unauthorized access. We also maintain personal information and other data concerning our employees. Should an unauthorized intrusion into our users’ or employees’ personal information and other data information occur, our business could be adversely affected and our larger reputation with respect to data protection could be negatively impacted.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property

We may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property or enforce our patents and other proprietary rights.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to protect our intellectual property and maintain the proprietary nature of our technology through a combination of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, licenses (including exclusive licenses) and other intellectual property arrangements. For example, we have patents regarding kiosk systems for DVD rentals, managing credits and security and inventory management. We continue to develop software and consumer facing technologies for our streaming services using our own proprietary methods and trade secrets. In addition, we may apply for or obtain (through development, acquisition or otherwise) additional patents regarding technologies used in our businesses.

Our patents may not be held valid if challenged, our patent applications may not be issued, and other parties may claim rights in or ownership of our patents and other proprietary rights. Patents issued to us may be circumvented or fail to provide adequate protection of our technologies. Our competitors might independently develop or patent technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our technologies. Further, since patent terms are limited, other parties may begin practicing our patented technologies when our related patents expire. Certain patent holders may contest or demand a fee for technologies we develop but which such third parties claim violate their intellectual property rights.

Intellectual property claims against us could be costly and result in the loss of significant rights related to, among other things, our website, streaming technology, our recommendation and merchandising technology, title selection processes, marketing activities, and title acquisition and distribution.

Trademark, copyright and other intellectual property rights are important to us and other companies. Our intellectual property rights, and rights we license, extend to our technology, business processes and the content we will produce and distribute through our and third-party platforms. We use the intellectual property of third parties in creating some of our content and marketing our service through contractual and other rights. From time-to-time, third parties may allege that we have violated their intellectual property

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rights. If we are unable to obtain sufficient rights, successfully defend our use, or develop non-infringing technology or otherwise alter our business practices on a timely basis in response to claims against us for infringement, misappropriation, misuse or other violation of third-party intellectual property rights, our business and competitive position may be adversely affected.

Many companies are devoting significant resources to developing patents that could potentially affect many aspects of our business. There are numerous patents that broadly claim means and methods of conducting business on the internet. We have not searched patents relative to our technology. Certain parties have asserted and new parties may assert claims of patent infringement or misappropriation against us based on current or pending U.S. or foreign patents, copyrights or trade secrets, or contracts. If such claims were successful, our business could be harmed. Defending ourselves, our retailers or other third parties against these types of claims, regardless of their merits, or initiating litigation to enforce our rights, could require us to incur substantial costs, divert the attention of key personnel and result in an award of substantial damages or license fees. Parties making these types of claims may be able to obtain injunctive or other equitable relief, which could effectively block or impair our ability to provide our DVD and streaming services or other products and services in the United States or abroad. If third parties have, or obtain, proprietary rights that our products or services infringe, we may be unable to obtain necessary licenses from others at a reasonable cost or at all. The failure to protect our intellectual property rights effectively or to avoid infringing the intellectual property rights of others, as well as unfavorable rulings or settlements, could seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Government Regulations

If government regulations relating to the internet or other areas of our business change, we may need to alter the manner in which we conduct our business or incur greater operating expenses.

The adoption or modification of laws or regulations relating to the internet, telecommunications or other areas of our business could limit or otherwise adversely affect the manner in which we currently conduct our business.

Changes in laws or regulations that adversely affect the growth, popularity or use of the internet, including laws impacting net neutrality, could decrease the demand for our service and increase our cost of doing business. Certain laws intended to prevent network operators from discriminating against the legal traffic that traverses their networks have been implemented in many countries, including across the European Union. In others, the laws may be nascent or non-existent. Furthermore, favorable laws may change, including for example, in the United States where net neutrality regulations were repealed. Given uncertainty around these rules, including changing interpretations, amendments or repeal, coupled with potentially significant political and economic power of local network operators, we could experience discriminatory or anti-competitive practices that could impede our growth, cause us to incur additional expense or otherwise negatively affect our business.

We are subject to substantial federal, state, local and government regulation specific to our business.

Our business is subject to federal, state and local laws and government regulation, including those relating to copyright law, access to kiosks in public places, consumer privacy and protection, data protection and information security, sales and other forms of taxes, vehicle safety, payment cards and other payment instruments, sweepstakes, and contests. The application of existing laws and regulations, changes in laws or enactment of new laws and regulations, that apply, or may in the future apply, to our current or future products or services, changes in governmental authorities’ interpretation of the application of various government regulations to our business, or the failure or inability to gain and retain required permits and approvals could materially and adversely affect our business. In addition, prior to the Business Combination (as defined herein), we were a special purpose acquisition company and therefore may be subject evolving laws and interpretations such as the recently proposed new rules by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission applicable to special purpose acquisition companies.

In addition, many jurisdictions require us to obtain certain licenses in connection with the operations of our business. There can be no assurance that we will be granted all necessary licenses or permits in the future, that current licenses or permits will be renewed or that regulators will not revoke current licenses or permits. As governmental and regulatory scrutiny and action with regard to many aspects of our business increase, we expect that our costs of complying with the applicable legal requirements may increase, perhaps substantially.

Also, if U.S. copyright law were altered to amend or eliminate the First Sale Doctrine, our DVD business could be adversely affected. Under U.S. copyright law, the First Sale Doctrine provides that once a copyright owner sells a copy of his work, the copyright owner relinquishes all further rights to sell or otherwise dispose of that copy. While the copyright owner retains the underlying copyright to the expression fixed in the work, the copyright owner gives up his ability to control the fate of the work once

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sold. As such, once we purchase a DVD in the market, we are permitted to re-sell it, rent it or otherwise dispose of it. Although the majority of our content library is licensed directly from studios, and not purchased, if Congress or the courts were to change, or substantially limit, this First Sale Doctrine, our ability to obtain certain purchased content and then rent it could be adversely affected.

Failure to comply with these laws and regulations could result in, among other things, revocation of required licenses or permits, loss of approved status, termination of contracts, administrative enforcement actions and fines, class action lawsuits, cease and desist orders and civil and criminal liability. The occurrence of one or more of these events, as well as the increased cost of compliance, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to our Indebtedness

As of December 31, 2021, we had total outstanding debt of $325.2 million, which includes $3.7 million of amounts due under capital leases. On January 28, 2022, Redbox borrowed the remaining availability under its revolving credit facility.

Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences. For example, it could:

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limit our ability to borrow money for our working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, strategic initiatives or other purposes;

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make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness and any failure to comply with the obligations of any of our debt instruments, including restrictive covenants and borrowing conditions, could result in an event of default under the credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) governing the Senior Facilities (as defined below) and agreements governing other indebtedness;

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require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to the payment of interest, amortization payments and the repayment of our indebtedness, thereby reducing funds available to us for other purposes;

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limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our operations or business;

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make us more highly leveraged than some of our competitors, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage;

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impact our rent expense on leased space and interest expense from financing leases, which could be significant;

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make us more vulnerable to downturns in our business, our industry or the economy;

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restrict us from making strategic acquisitions or investments, engaging in development activities, introducing new technologies or exploiting business opportunities;

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cause us to make non-strategic divestitures;

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limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our indebtedness, among other things, our ability to borrow additional funds or dispose of assets;

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prevent us from raising the funds necessary to refinance the Senior Facilities upon a change of control, which is an event of default under the Credit Agreement; or

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expose us to the risk of increased interest rates, as certain of our borrowings, including borrowings under the Senior Facilities, are at variable rates of interest.

In addition, the Credit Agreement contains restrictive covenants that will limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interest. Our failure to comply with those covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of substantially all of our indebtedness.

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Despite our substantial indebtedness, we may still be able to incur significantly more debt, including secured debt, which could intensify the risks associated with our indebtedness.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial indebtedness in the future. Although the terms of the Credit Agreement contain restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions, and the indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. These restrictions do not prevent us from incurring indebtedness or our subsidiaries from incurring obligations that do not constitute indebtedness under the terms of the Credit Agreement. To the extent that we incur additional indebtedness or such other obligations, the risk associated with our substantial indebtedness as described above under the risk factor “Our substantial indebtedness could materially and adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry and prevent us from making debt service payments,” including our potential inability to service our debt, will increase.

Our ability to satisfy our debt obligations will depend upon, among other things:

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our future financial and operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic, industry and competitive conditions and financial, business, legislative, regulatory and other factors, many of which are beyond our control;

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our future ability to refinance or restructure our existing debt obligations, which depends on among other things, the condition of the capital markets, our financial condition and the terms of existing or future debt agreements; and

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our future ability to borrow under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below), the availability of which depends on, among other things, our compliance with the covenants in the Credit Agreement.

We cannot assure you that our business will generate cash flow from operations, or that we will be able to draw under our Revolving Credit Facility, in an amount sufficient to fund our liquidity needs. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to service our indebtedness and other liquidity needs, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. Redbox has announced a series of restructuring actions and initiatives to improve its efficiency and reduce its cost structure, including, but not limited to, (i) optimizing its kiosk network and (ii) initiating a workforce reduction across its supply chain and corporate teams. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. Our ability to restructure or refinance our debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of our debt could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. We cannot assure you that we will be able to restructure or refinance any of our debt on commercially reasonable terms or at all. In addition, the terms of existing or future debt agreements, including the Credit Agreement, may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. In the absence of such operating results and resources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions for fair market value or at all. Furthermore, any proceeds that we could realize from any such dispositions may not be adequate to meet our debt service obligations when due. Our equity holders have no continuing obligation to provide us with debt or equity financing. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, would result in a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

If we cannot make scheduled payments on our indebtedness, we will be in default, and the lenders under the Senior Facilities could declare all outstanding principal and interest to be due and payable, the lenders under the Senior Facilities could terminate their commitments to loan money, our secured lenders (including the lenders under the Senior Facilities) could foreclose against the assets securing their indebtedness and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

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Our debt agreements contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business.

The Credit Agreement contains, and any other existing or future indebtedness of ours would likely contain, a number of covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things:

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incur additional debt, guarantee indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares;

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pay dividends on or make distributions in respect of, or repurchase or redeem, our capital stock or make other restricted payments;

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prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt;

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make loans or certain investments;

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sell certain assets;

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create liens on certain assets;

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consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets;

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enter into certain transactions with our affiliates;

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substantially alter the businesses we conduct; and

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enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends.

As a result of these covenants, we are limited in the manner in which we conduct our business, and we may be unable to engage in favorable business activities or finance future operations or capital needs. A failure to comply with the covenants in the Credit Agreement or any of our other existing or future indebtedness could result in an event of default under the applicable agreements governing such indebtedness, which, if not cured or waived, could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In the event of any such event of default, the lenders under the Credit Facility:

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will not be required to lend any additional amounts to us;

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could elect to declare all borrowings outstanding, together with accrued and unpaid interest and fees, to be due and payable and terminate all commitments to extend further credit; or

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could require us to apply our available cash to repay these borrowings.

Such actions by the lenders could cause cross defaults under our other indebtedness. If we were unable to repay those amounts, the lenders under the Senior Facilities and any of our other existing or future secured indebtedness could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure the Senior Facilities or such other indebtedness. We have pledged substantially all of our assets as collateral under the Senior Facilities.

If any of our outstanding indebtedness under the Senior Facilities or our other indebtedness were to be accelerated, there can be no assurance that our assets would be sufficient to repay such indebtedness in full.

Financial, Tax and Accounting-Related Risks

Changes to applicable U.S. tax laws and regulations or exposure to additional income tax liabilities could affect our business and future profitability.

The Company’s only direct assets consist of equity interests in Redwood Intermediate. Redwood Intermediate generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, but may be subject to certain U.S. state and local and non-U.S. taxes. The Company is a U.S.

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corporation that will be subject to U.S. corporate income tax on its worldwide operations, including its share of income of Redwood Intermediate. Moreover, Redwood Intermediate’s operations and customers are located in the United States, and as a result, we are subject to various U.S. federal, state and local taxes. New U.S. laws and policy relating to taxes may have an adverse effect on our business and future profitability. Further, existing U.S. tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be interpreted, changed, modified or applied adversely to us.

For example, on December 22, 2017, legislation sometimes known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”) was signed into law making significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”), and certain provisions of the TCJA may adversely affect the Company or Redwood Intermediate. In particular, sweeping changes were made to the U.S. taxation of foreign operations. Changes include, but are not limited to, a permanent reduction to the corporate income tax rate, limiting interest deductions, a reduction to the maximum deduction allowed for net operating losses generated in tax years after December 31, 2017, the elimination of carrybacks of net operating losses, adopting elements of a territorial tax system, assessing a repatriation tax or “toll-charge” on undistributed earnings and profits of U.S.-owned foreign corporations, and introducing certain anti-base erosion provisions, including a new minimum tax on global intangible low-taxed income and base erosion and anti-abuse tax. The TCJA could be subject to potential amendments and technical corrections, and is subject to interpretations and implementing regulations by the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service (the “Service”), any of which could mitigate or increase certain adverse effects of the legislation.

In addition to the impact of the TCJA on the Company’s federal income taxes, the TCJA may adversely affect taxation of the Company or Redwood Intermediate in other jurisdictions, including with respect to state income taxes as state legislatures may not have had sufficient time to respond to the TCJA. Accordingly, there is uncertainty as to how the laws will apply in various state jurisdictions. Additionally, other foreign governing bodies may enact changes to their tax laws in reaction to the TCJA that could result in changes to our global tax profile and materially adversely affect its business and future profitability.

President Joe Biden has set forth several tax proposals that would, if enacted, make significant changes to U.S. tax laws (including provisions enacted pursuant to the TCJA). Congress may consider, and could include, some or all of these proposals in connection with tax reform to be undertaken by the current administration. It is unclear whether these or similar changes will be enacted and, if enacted, how soon any such changes could take effect. The passage of any legislation as a result of these proposals and other similar changes in U.S. federal income tax laws could adversely affect our business and future profitability.

As a result of plans to expand our business operations, including to jurisdictions in which tax laws may not be favorable, our obligations may change or fluctuate, become significantly more complex or become subject to greater risk of examination by taxing authorities, any of which could adversely affect our after-tax profitability and financial results.

In the event our operating business expands domestically or internationally, our effective tax rates may fluctuate widely in the future. Future effective tax rates could be affected by operating losses in jurisdictions where no tax benefit can be recorded under U.S. GAAP, changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities, or changes in tax laws. Additionally, we may be subject to tax on more than one-hundred percent of the Company’s consolidated income as a result of such income being subject to tax in multiple state, local or non-U.S. jurisdictions. Factors that could materially affect our future effective tax rates include, but are not limited to: (a) changes in tax laws or the regulatory environment, (b) changes in accounting and tax standards or practices, (c) changes in the composition of operating income by tax jurisdiction and (d) pre-tax operating results of our business.

Additionally, we may be subject to significant income, withholding and other tax obligations in the United States and may become subject to taxation in additional state and local jurisdictions with respect to income, operations and subsidiaries related to those jurisdictions. Our after-tax profitability and financial results could be subject to volatility or be affected by numerous factors, including (a) the availability of tax deductions, credits, exemptions, refunds and other benefits to reduce tax liabilities, (b) changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, if any, (c) the expected timing and amount of the release of any tax valuation allowances, (d) the tax treatment of stock-based compensation, (e) changes in the relative amount of earnings subject to tax in the various jurisdictions, (f) the potential business expansion into, or otherwise becoming subject to tax in, additional jurisdictions, (g) changes to existing intercompany structure (and any costs related thereto) and business operations, (h) the extent of intercompany transactions and the extent to which taxing authorities in relevant jurisdictions respect those intercompany transactions and (i) the ability to structure business operations in an efficient and competitive manner. Outcomes from audits or examinations by taxing authorities could have an adverse effect on our after-tax profitability and financial condition. If we do not prevail in any audit or examination, our profitability may be adversely affected.

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Our after-tax profitability and financial results may also be adversely affected by changes in relevant tax laws and tax rates, treaties, regulations, administrative practices and principles, judicial decisions and interpretations thereof, in each case, possibly with retroactive effect.

We may be required to take write-downs or write-offs, restructuring and impairment or other charges that could have a significant negative effect on our financial condition, results of operations and stock price, which could cause you to lose some or all of your investment.

We may be forced to write-down or write-off assets, restructure our operations, or incur impairment or other charges that could result in losses. Even though these charges may be non-cash items and not have an immediate impact on our liquidity, the fact that we report charges of this nature could contribute to negative market perceptions about us or our securities. In addition, charges of this nature may cause us to violate covenants to which we may be subject. Accordingly, stockholders could suffer a reduction in the value of their shares.

In the first quarter of 2022, the Company incurred one-time restructuring charges of approximately $3.8 million, the substantial amount of which was related to severance in connection with a reduction in force, as well as legal and advisory fees as the Company explores strategic alternatives.

We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and/or smaller reporting companies may make the Company’s common stock less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare performance with other public companies.

We are an emerging growth company (“EGC”) as defined in the JOBS Act, and intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not EGCs, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Investors may find the common stock less attractive because we will continue to rely on these exemptions. If some investors find the common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for their common stock, and the stock price may be more volatile.

An EGC may elect to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards. By making this election, Section 102(b)(2) of the JOBS Act allows us to delay adoption of new or revised accounting standards until those standards apply to non-public business entities. As a result, the financial statements contained herein and those that we will file in the future may not be comparable to companies that comply with public business entities revised accounting standards effective dates.

We are also a “smaller reporting company” as defined under the Securities Act and Exchange Act. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company so long as either (i) the market value of shares of our common stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of shares of our common stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million. If we are a smaller reporting company at the time we cease to be an emerging growth company, we may continue to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company, we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation, and, similar to emerging growth companies, if we are a smaller reporting company under the requirements of (ii) above, we would not be required to obtain an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Securities

Apollo controls the majority of our voting stock and has the right to appoint a majority of our board members, and its interests may conflict with those of other stockholders.

Apollo owns the majority of our voting stock through Redwood Holdco and is initially entitled to appoint the majority of our board of directors. As a result, Apollo will be able to substantially influence matters requiring stockholder or board approval, including the election of directors, approval of any potential acquisition of us, changes to our organizational documents and significant corporate transactions, including those that are currently being explored as strategic alternatives. This concentration of ownership

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makes it unlikely that any other holder or group of holders of Class A common stock will be able to affect the way we are managed or the direction of our business. The interests of Apollo with respect to matters potentially or actually involving or affecting us, such as future acquisitions, financings and other corporate opportunities and attempts to acquire us, may conflict with the interests of our other stockholders.

For example, Redwood Holdco may have different tax positions from us, especially in light of the Tax Receivable Agreement, that could influence its decisions regarding whether and when to support the disposition of assets or the incurrence or refinancing of new or existing indebtedness, or the termination of the Tax Receivable Agreement and acceleration of our obligations thereunder. In addition, the determination of future tax reporting positions, the structuring of future transactions and the handling of any challenge by any taxing authority to our tax reporting positions may take into consideration tax or other considerations of Redwood Holdco, including the effect of such positions on our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which may differ from the considerations of us or other stockholders.

Our stock price may fluctuate significantly and purchasers of our Class A common stock or warrants could incur substantial losses.

The market price of our Class A common stock and warrants could vary significantly as a result of a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control. In the event of a drop in the market price of our Class A common stock or warrants, you could lose a substantial part or all of your investment. The following factors could affect the prices of our securities:

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our operating and financial performance and prospects;

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quarterly variations in the rate of growth (if any) of our financial or operational indicators;

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the public reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the SEC;

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strategic actions by our competitors;

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changes in operating performance and the stock market valuations of other companies;

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announcements related to litigation;

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our failure to meet revenue or earnings estimates made by research analysts or other investors;

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changes in revenue or earnings estimates, or changes in recommendations or withdrawal of research coverage, by equity research analysts;

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speculation in the press or investment community;

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sales of our common stock by us or our stockholders, or the perception that such sales may occur;

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changes in accounting principles, policies, guidance, interpretations, or standards;

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additions or departures of key management personnel;

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actions by our stockholders;

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general economic and market conditions, including as a result of the current war in Ukraine;

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the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects;

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domestic and international economic, legal and regulatory factors unrelated to our performance;

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material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting; and

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the realization of any risks described under this “Risk Factors” section, or other risks that may materialize in the future.

The stock markets in general have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock. Securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the overall market and in the market price of a company’s securities. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in very substantial costs, divert our management’s attention and resources and harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We will incur significant costs and devote substantial management time as a result of operating as a public company, particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company.”

As a public company, we have and will continue to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses. For example, we are required to comply with the requirements of Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Act, as well as rules and regulations subsequently implemented by the SEC and heightened auditing standards, and Nasdaq, our stock exchange, including the establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and changes in corporate governance practices. The rules governing management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation, testing and possible remediation. Compliance with these requirements will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time consuming and costly. In addition, our management and other personnel may need to divert attention from operational and other business matters to devote substantial time to these public company requirements. In particular, we expect to continue incurring significant expenses and devote substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In that regard, we may need to hire additional accounting and financial staff with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge. Furthermore, if we fail to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment, we could suffer material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements and fail in meeting our reporting obligations, which would likely cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information. Additionally, ineffective internal control over financial reporting could expose us to increased risk of fraud or misuse of corporate assets and subject us to potential delisting from Nasdaq, regulatory investigations, civil or criminal sanctions and litigation, any of which would have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

However, for as long as we remain an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act, we intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Under the JOBS Act, “emerging growth companies” can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies.

After we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” we expect to incur additional management time and cost to comply with the more stringent reporting requirements applicable to companies that are deemed accelerated filers or large accelerated filers, including complying with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

The Company expects to incur additional annual expenses as a public company for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees, and additional internal and external accounting, legal and administrative resources. The Company estimates that these incremental costs will be approximately $10.0 million to $15.0 million per year.

We are continuing to improve our internal control over financial reporting.

Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until after we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, which at the latest would be the end of the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025. If, at the time we cease to be an “emerging growth company,” we are a smaller reporting company with annual revenue of less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and market value of shares of our common stock held by non-affiliates of less than $700 million, we would continue to not be required to obtain an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. At such time as we are required to obtain an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting, our internal control over financial

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reporting may be insufficiently documented, designed or operating, which may cause our independent registered public accounting firm to issue a report that is adverse.

Our failure to timely and effectively implement controls and procedures required by Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Prior to the Business Combination, Redwood Intermediate was not subject to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The standards required for a public company under Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are significantly more stringent than those required of Redwood Intermediate as a privately-held company. As reported in Seaport’s Amended Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, Seaport had a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting related to the classification of public shares as temporary equity in connection with Seaport’s initial public offering. This material weakness has subsequently been remediated and we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2021. However, remediation of the material weakness does not guarantee that our controls will continue to operate properly, or that we will not experience another material weakness, or that our financial statements will be free from error.

Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because of changes in conditions in our business. Further, a material weakness or weaknesses in our disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting may be discovered in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement could harm our results of operations or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and, when we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that we will be required to include in our periodic reports that will be filed with the SEC. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information, and could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, if we are unable to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be able to remain listed on Nasdaq.

Our remediation efforts included demonstrating our ability to effectively operate our controls and enhancing our control design to require the formalized consideration of obtaining additional technical guidance prior to concluding on significant or unusual transactions. These additional considerations include items such as obtaining additional accounting pronouncements or performing consultations with third party accounting specialists, authoritative bodies or regulators.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation may inhibit a takeover of the Company, which could limit the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for Class A common stock and could entrench management.

Our certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock, the terms of which may be established and the shares of which may be issued without shareholder approval, and which may include super voting, special approval, dividend, repurchase rights, liquidation preferences or other rights or preferences superior to the rights of the holders of Class A common stock. The terms of one or more classes or series of preferred stock could adversely impact the value of the Class A common stock. Furthermore, if our board of directors elects to issue preferred stock it could be more difficult for a third party to acquire the Company. For example, our board of directors may grant holders of preferred stock the right to elect some number of directors in all events or upon the occurrence of specified events or the right to veto specified transactions.

In addition, some provisions of our certificate of incorporation could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of the Company, even if the change of control would be beneficial to the stockholders, including: (i) prohibiting the Company from engaging in any business combination with any interested shareholder for a period of three years following the time that the shareholder became an interested shareholder, subject to certain exceptions, (ii) establishing that provisions with regard to the nomination of candidates for election as directors are subject to the Stockholders Agreement, (iii) providing that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by resolution of the board of directors and in any case subject to the Stockholders Agreement, (iv) providing that all vacancies in our board of directors may, except as otherwise be required, be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, (v) providing that our certificate of incorporation may be amended by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class, (vi) providing that our certificate of incorporation may be amended by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of the outstanding voting stock entitled to vote thereon for the removal of directors, (vii) providing for our board of directors to be divided into three classes of directors, (viii) providing that the

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amended and restated bylaws can be amended by the board of directors, (ix) limitations on the ability of stockholders to call special meetings, (x) limitations on the ability of stockholders to act by written consent, and (xi) renouncing any reasonable expectancy interest that we have in, or right to be offered an opportunity to participate in, any corporate or business opportunities that are from time to time presented to Redwood Holdco, directors affiliated with Redwood Holdco, their respective affiliates and non-employee directors.

In addition, certain change of control events have the effect of accelerating the payments due under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which could result in a substantial, immediate lump-sum payment that could serve as a disincentive to a potential acquirer of the Company, please see “— In certain cases, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may exceed the actual tax benefits the Company realizes or be accelerated.”

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and Delaware law may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers.

Our certificate of incorporation requires, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, that the federal courts of the United States shall have exclusive jurisdiction to hear, settle and/or determine any dispute, controversy or claim arising under the Securities Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Our certificate of incorporation also requires, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, that (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on its behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee to the Company or its stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Company, its directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Company, its directors, officers or employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware in each case subject to such Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. If an action is brought outside of Delaware, the stockholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to service of process on such stockholder’s counsel.

Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. As a result, the exclusive forum provision will not apply to actions arising under the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder and actions arising under the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder.

These choices of forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or other employees and may discourage these types of lawsuits. Furthermore, the enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ certificates of incorporation or bylaws has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that, in connection with any applicable action brought against the Company, a court could find the choice of forum provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in such action. While the Delaware courts have determined that such choice of forum provisions are facially valid, a stockholder may nevertheless seek to bring a claim in a venue other than those designated in the exclusive forum provisions, and there can be no assurance that such provisions will be enforced by a court in those other jurisdictions.

The Company is a holding company and its only material asset is its interest in Redwood Intermediate, and it is accordingly dependent upon distributions made by its subsidiaries to pay taxes, make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and pay dividends.

The Company is a holding company with no material assets other than its ownership of the Redwood Intermediate common units and its managing member interest in Redwood Intermediate. As a result, the Company has no independent means of generating revenue or cash flow. Our ability to pay taxes, make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and pay dividends will depend on the financial results and cash flows of Redwood Intermediate and the distributions we receive from Redwood Intermediate. Deterioration in the financial condition, earnings or cash flow of Redwood Intermediate for any reason could limit or impair Redwood Intermediate’s ability to pay such distributions. Additionally, to the extent that the Company needs funds, and Redwood Intermediate is restricted from making such distributions under applicable law or regulation or under the terms of any financing arrangements, or Redwood Intermediate is otherwise unable to provide such funds, it could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition.

Redwood Intermediate will be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and, as such, generally will not be subject to any entity-level U.S. federal income tax. Instead, taxable income will be allocated to holders of Redwood Intermediate

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common units. Accordingly, the Company will be required to pay income taxes on its allocable share of any net taxable income of Redwood Intermediate. Under the terms of the Redwood Intermediate LLCA, Redwood Intermediate is obligated to make tax distributions to holders of Redwood Intermediate common units (including the Company) calculated at certain assumed tax rates. In addition to income taxes, the Company will also incur expenses related to its operations, including payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which could be significant, and some of which will be reimbursed by Redwood Intermediate (excluding payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement). The Company intends to cause Redwood Intermediate to make ordinary distributions and tax distributions to holders of Redwood Intermediate common units on a pro rata basis in amounts sufficient to cover all applicable taxes, relevant operating expenses, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and dividends, if any, declared by the Company. However, as discussed below, Redwood Intermediate’s ability to make such distributions may be subject to various limitations and restrictions including, but not limited to, retention of amounts necessary to satisfy the obligations of Redwood Intermediate and restrictions on distributions that would violate any applicable restrictions contained in Redwood Intermediate’s debt agreements, or any applicable law, or that would have the effect of rendering Redwood Intermediate insolvent. To the extent that the Company is unable to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement for any reason, such payments will be deferred and will accrue interest until paid; provided, however, that nonpayment for a specified period may constitute a breach of a material obligation under the Tax Receivable Agreement and therefore accelerate payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which could be substantial.

Additionally, although Redwood Intermediate generally will not be subject to any entity-level U.S. federal income tax, it may be liable for adjustments to its tax return, absent an election to the contrary arising out of audits of its tax returns for 2018 and subsequent years. In the event Redwood Intermediate’s calculations of taxable income are incorrect, Redwood Intermediate and/or its members, including the Company, may be subject to material liabilities.

The Company anticipates that the distributions it will receive from Redwood Intermediate may, in certain periods, exceed the Company’s actual tax liabilities and obligations to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may make any determination from time to time with respect to the use of any such excess cash so accumulated, which may include, among other uses, to pay dividends on the Class A common stock. The Company will have no obligation to distribute such cash (or other available cash other than any declared dividend) to its stockholders.

Dividends on our common stock, if any, will be paid at the discretion of our board of directors, which will consider, among other things, our available cash, available borrowings and other funds legally available therefor, taking into account the retention of any amounts necessary to satisfy the obligations of the Company that will not be reimbursed by Redwood Intermediate, including taxes and amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement and any restrictions in then applicable bank financing agreements. Financing arrangements may include restrictive covenants that restrict the Company’s ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to its stockholders. In addition, Redwood Intermediate is generally prohibited under Delaware law from making a distribution to a member to the extent that, at the time of the distribution, after giving effect to the distribution, liabilities of Redwood Intermediate (with certain exceptions) exceed the fair value of its assets. Redwood Intermediate’s subsidiaries are generally subject to similar legal limitations on their ability to make distributions to Redwood Intermediate. If Redwood Intermediate does not have sufficient funds to make distributions, the Company’s ability to declare and pay cash dividends may also be restricted or impaired.

Pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement, the Company generally will be required to pay to Redwood Holdco, and to each other person from time to time that Redwood Holdco assigns rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement to, 85% of the tax savings, if any, that the Company realizes in certain circumstances and those payments may be substantial.

Redwood Holdco may in the future exchange its Redwood Intermediate common units for shares of Class A common stock of the Company pursuant to the Redwood Intermediate LLCA. These sales, purchases, redemptions and exchanges are expected to result in increases in the Company’s allocable share of the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Redwood Intermediate. These increases in tax basis may increase (for income tax purposes) depreciation and amortization deductions and therefore reduce the amount of income or franchise tax that the Company would otherwise be required to pay in the future had such sales and exchanges never occurred.

In connection with the Business Combination, the Company entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement, which generally provides for the payment by it to Redwood Holdco, and to each other person from time to time that Redwood Holdco assigns rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement to, of 85% of the tax savings, if any, that the Company realizes (using an assumed combined state and local income tax rate) in certain circumstances as a result of basis in certain assets existing at the time of the business combination and tax attributes that benefit the Company as a result of an Exchange, including as a result of payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The term of the Tax Receivable Agreement will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or

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expired unless the Company exercises its right to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement for an amount representing the present value of anticipated future tax benefits under the Tax Receivable Agreement or certain other acceleration events occur. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has estimated the tax receivable liability of $14.5 million assuming (1) a constant federal income tax rate of 21.0% and a state tax rate of 4.0% (net of any federal benefit), (2) no material changes in tax law, (3) the ability to utilize tax basis and attributes and (4) future tax receivable agreement payments. These amounts are estimates and have been prepared for informational purposes only. However, due to the uncertainty of various factors, including: (1) a constant federal income tax rate of 21.0% and a state tax rate of 4.0% (net of any federal benefit), (2) no material changes in tax law, (3) the ability to utilize tax basis and attributes and (4) whether and when Redwood Holdco engages in Exchanges and the share price at such times, the likely tax savings we will realize and the resulting amounts we are likely to pay pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement are uncertain. If Redwood Holdco had engaged in an Exchange of all of its Redwood Intermediate equity interests at December 31, 2021, the net present value of the liability the Company would have recognized is approximately $154.3 million assuming (1) a share price equal to $7.74, (2) a constant federal income tax rate of 21.0% and a state tax rate of 4.0% (net of any federal benefit), (3) no material changes in tax law, (4) the ability to utilize tax basis and attributed and (5) future tax receivable agreement payments. These payments are the obligation of the Company and not of Redwood Intermediate. The actual increase in the Company’s allocable share of Redwood Intermediate’s tax basis in its assets, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the timing of Exchanges, the applicable tax rate, the market price of the Class A common stock at the time of the Exchange, the extent to which such Exchanges are taxable and the amount and timing of the recognition of the Company’s income. While many of the factors that will determine the amount of payments that the Company will make under the Tax Receivable Agreement are outside of its control, the Company expects that the payments it will make under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be substantial and could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition. Any payments made by the Company under the Tax Receivable Agreement will generally reduce the amount of overall cash flow that might have otherwise been available to the Company. To the extent that the Company is unable to make timely payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement for any reason, the unpaid amounts will be deferred and will accrue interest until paid; however, nonpayment for a specified period may constitute a breach of a material obligation under the Tax Receivable Agreement and therefore accelerate payments due under the Tax Receivable Agreement, as further described below. Furthermore, the Company’s future obligation to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement could make it a less attractive target for an acquisition, particularly in the case of an acquirer that cannot use some or all of the tax benefits that may be deemed realized under the Tax Receivable Agreement.

In certain cases, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may exceed the actual tax benefits the Company realizes or be accelerated, which may have a material negative effect on our liquidity.

Payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on the tax reporting positions that the Company determines, and the Service or another taxing authority may challenge all or any part of the tax basis increases, as well as other tax positions that the Company takes, and a court may sustain such a challenge. In the event that any tax benefits initially claimed by the Company are disallowed, Redwood Holdco and the exchanging holders will not be required to reimburse the Company for any excess payments that may previously have been made under the Tax Receivable Agreement, for example, due to adjustments resulting from examinations by taxing authorities. Rather, excess payments made to such holders will be netted against any future cash payments otherwise required to be made by the Company, if any, after the determination of such excess. However, a challenge to any tax benefits initially claimed by the Company may not arise for a number of years following the initial time of such payment or, even if challenged early, such excess cash payment may be greater than the amount of future cash payments that the Company might otherwise be required to make under the terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement and, as a result, there might not be future cash payments against which to net. As a result, in certain circumstances the Company could make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement in excess of the Company’s actual income or franchise tax savings, which could materially impair our financial condition.

Moreover, the Tax Receivable Agreement provides that, in the event that (i) the Company exercises its early termination rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement, (ii) certain changes of control of the Company occur (as described in the Tax Receivable Agreement), or (iii) the Company breaches any of its material obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, the Company’s obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement will accelerate and the Company will be required to make a lump-sum cash payment to Redwood Holdco and to each other person from time to time to whom Redwood Holdco assigns rights under the Tax Receivable Agreement, equal to the present value of all forecasted future payments that would have otherwise been made under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which lump-sum payment would be based on certain assumptions, including those relating to the Company’s future taxable income. The lump-sum payment could be substantial and could exceed the actual tax benefits that the Company realizes subsequent to such payment because such payment would be calculated assuming, among other things, that the Company would have certain tax benefits available to it and that the Company would be able to use the potential tax benefits in future years.

There may be a material negative effect on our liquidity if the payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement exceed the actual income or franchise tax savings that the Company realizes. Furthermore, the Company’s obligations to make payments under the Tax

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Receivable Agreement could also have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, other forms of business combinations or other changes of control.

If the Company’s payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement are accelerated upon certain mergers, other forms of business combinations or other changes of control, the consideration payable to holders of Class A common stock could be substantially reduced.

If the Company experiences a change of control (as defined under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which includes certain mergers, asset sales and other forms of business combinations), then the Company’s obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement would be based upon certain assumptions and deemed events set forth in the Tax Receivable Agreement, and in such situations, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be significantly in advance of, and may materially exceed, the actual realization, if any, of the future tax benefits to which the payment relates. As a result of the Company’s payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, holders of Class A common stock could receive substantially less consideration in connection with a change of control transaction than they would receive in the absence of such obligation. Further, the Company’s payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement will not be conditioned upon holders of Redwood Intermediate common units having a continued interest in the Company or Redwood Intermediate. Accordingly, the interests of the holders of Redwood Intermediate common units may conflict with those of the holders of Class A common stock. See “In certain cases, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may exceed the actual tax benefits the Company realizes or be accelerated, which may have a material negative effect on our liquidity.”

The Company will not be reimbursed for any payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement in the event that any tax benefits are subsequently disallowed.

Payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on the tax reporting positions that the Company will determine, and the Service or another tax authority may challenge all or part of the tax basis increases upon which payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are based, as well as other related tax positions the Company takes, and a court could sustain such challenge. The holders of Redwood Intermediate common units will not reimburse the Company for any payments previously made under the Tax Receivable Agreement if any tax benefits that have given rise to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are subsequently disallowed, except that excess payments made to any holder of Redwood Intermediate common units will be netted against future payments that would otherwise be made to such holder of Redwood Intermediate common units, if any, after the Company’s determination of such excess (which determination may be made a number of years following the initial payment and after future payments have been made). As a result, in such circumstances, the Company could make payments that are greater than its actual cash tax savings, if any, and may not be able to recoup those payments, which could materially adversely affect its liquidity.

We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the rules of Nasdaq and the rules of the SEC. As a result, we qualify for, and are relying on, exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that would otherwise provide protection to stockholders of other companies.

Apollo controls a majority of the voting power of our outstanding common stock. As a result, we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance standards of Nasdaq. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including:

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the requirement that a majority of our board of directors consist of “independent directors” as defined under the rules of Nasdaq;

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the requirement that we have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities;

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the requirement for an annual performance evaluation of the compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees.

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We intend to utilize these exemptions as long as we remain a controlled company. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq.

The dual-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with Redwood Holdco, which will limit an investor’s ability to influence the outcome of important transactions, including a change in control.

Holders of shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are entitled to one vote per share and at all times vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Company. Redwood Holdco holds all of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B common stock and possesses 72.2% of the voting power of the total outstanding stock. Accordingly, Redwood Holdco will be able to control matters submitted to the Company’s stockholders for approval, including the election of directors, amendments of its organizational documents and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other major corporate transactions. Redwood Holdco may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to your interests. This concentrated control may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change in control of the Company, could deprive its stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their capital stock as part of a sale of the Company, and might ultimately affect the market price of shares of the Class A common stock.

You may be diluted by the future issuance of additional common stock or convertible securities in connection with our incentive plans, acquisitions or otherwise, which could adversely affect our stock price.

As of February 28, 2022, we had 3,404,139 shares of common stock authorized but unissued. Our certificate of incorporation authorizes us to issue these shares of common stock and options, rights, warrants and appreciation rights relating to common stock for the consideration and on the terms and conditions established by our board of directors in its sole discretion, whether in connection with acquisitions or otherwise. As of February 28, 2022, we had 32,770,000 shares of Class A common stock that may be issued upon the exchange of outstanding Class B common stock and 16,843,750 warrants outstanding, which are exercisable for 16,843,750 shares of Class A common stock. We have reserved approximately 3,404,139 shares for grant under our Redbox Entertainment Inc. (f/k/a Seaport Global Acquisition Corp.) Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Redbox Equity Plan”). See Item 11, Executive Compensation, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Any Class A common stock that we issue, including under the Redbox Equity Plan or other equity incentive plans that we may adopt in the future, as well as under outstanding options or warrants would dilute the percentage ownership held by the investors.

In addition, we expect to seek opportunities to issue additional shares of Class A common stock to raise additional cash or in satisfaction of our obligations, although there can be no assurances that any such issuances will occur. To the extent that we issue additional shares of Class A common stock, our existing security holders would experience dilution and any such issuances may have an impact on the market price of our Class A common stock and warrants.

From time to time in the future, we may also issue additional shares of Class A common stock or securities convertible into Class A common stock pursuant to a variety of transactions, including acquisitions. Our issuance of additional shares of Class A common stock or securities convertible into Class A common stock would dilute your ownership of us and the sale of a significant amount of such shares in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our Class A common stock and warrants.

Future sales of our Class A common stock in the public market, the exercise of warrants or the perception in the public market that such sales or exercises may occur, could reduce the market price of our Class A common stock and warrants.

As of February 28, 2022, we had 12,618,516 shares of Class A common stock and 32,770,000 shares of Class B common stock outstanding and warrants to purchase 16,848,750 shares of Class A common stock outstanding. We will file a registration statement in respect of all shares of common stock that we may issue under the Redbox Equity Plan. After registration, these shares can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance. Sales of significant amounts of stock in the public market upon expiration of lock-up arrangements, or the perception that such sales may occur, could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our Class A common stock and warrants or make it more difficult to sell equity securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate.

We have a history of losses, and we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to achieve or maintain profitability in the future.

We incurred net losses of $140.8 million and $69.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and as of December 31, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $333.0 million. We expect our losses to continue as we make significant investments towards growing our business and operating as a public company. We have invested, and expect to continue to invest, substantial financial and other resources expanding into new markets and services. These expenditures will make achieving and

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maintaining profitability more difficult, and these efforts may also be more costly than we expect and may not result in increased revenue or growth in our business. Any failure to increase our revenue sufficiently to keep pace with our investments and other expenses could prevent us from achieving or maintaining profitability or positive cash flow on a consistent basis. As a result, we can provide no assurance as to whether or when we will achieve profitability. If we are not able to achieve and maintain profitability, the value of our company and our Class A common stock could decline significantly.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the listing standards of Nasdaq.

Our eligibility for listing on Nasdaq depends on a number of factors. If we are unable to maintain the listing of our Class A common stock or warrants on Nasdaq for failure to meet the listing standards, we and our stockholders could face significant material adverse consequences including:

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a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;

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a determination that Class A common stock is a “penny stock,” which will require brokers trading in our Class A common stock to adhere to more stringent rules, possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for Class A common stock;

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a limited amount of analyst coverage; and

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a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or publish negative reports, our stock price could decline.

The trading market for our securities will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of our company or fails to publish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline. Moreover, if one or more of the analysts who cover our company downgrades our common stock, publishes unfavorable research about our business or if our operating results do not meet their expectations, our stock price could decline.

We may issue preferred securities, the terms of which could adversely affect the voting power or value of our common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation authorizes us to issue, without the approval of our stockholders, one or more classes or series of preferred securities having such designations, preferences, limitations, and relative rights, including preferences over our common stock respecting dividends and distributions, as our board of directors may determine. The terms of one or more classes or series of preferred securities could adversely impact the voting power or value of our common stock. For example, we might grant holders of preferred securities the right to elect some number of our directors in all events or on the happening of specified events or the right to veto specified transactions. Similarly, the repurchase or redemption rights or liquidation preferences we might assign to holders of preferred securities could affect the residual value of the common stock.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

Redbox leases its principal office located at 1 Tower Lane, Suite 800, Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois 60181. The phone number of this office is 630-756-8000.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

There is no material litigation, arbitration or governmental proceeding currently pending against Redbox or any members of its management team in their capacity as such.

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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

Our Class A common stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “RDBX.” Our warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “RDBXW.” As of February 28, 2022, there were 14 holders of record of our Class A common stock, 11 holders of record of our warrants to purchase our Class A common stock and one holder of record of our Class B common stock. The number of record holders of our Class A common stock and warrants does not include DTC participants or beneficial owners holding shares through nominee names.

Dividends

We have not to date paid any cash dividends on our common stock and we currently do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. However, we may, in the future, decide to pay dividends on our common stock. Any declaration and payment of cash dividends in the future, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon such factors as earnings levels, cash flows, capital requirements, levels of indebtedness, our overall financial condition, restrictions in our debt agreements and any other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None

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Stock Performance Graph

Source: Yahoo Finance

Note: Redbox Entertainment Inc. merged with Seaport Global Asset Management via a de-SPAC transaction on October 22, 2021 and begin publicly trading on Nasdaq October 25, 2021. Prior to the de-SPAC transaction, the stock traded under the ticker “SGAM” for the Seaport Global Asset Management SPAC which was formed July 24, 2020.

The information under the “Comparison of Cumulative Total Return” chart is not deemed to be “soliciting material” or “filed” with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C, or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act and is not to be incorporated by reference in any filing of the Company under the Securities Act, or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date of this Annual Report and irrespective of any general incorporation language in those filings.

Item 6. [RESERVED]

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Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risk, assumptions and uncertainties, such as statements of our plans, objectives, expectations, intentions and forecasts. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements as a result of several factors, including those set forth under the section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. You should carefully read the “Risk Factors” to gain an understanding of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements. Please also see the section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K titled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

The Business Combination

On May 16, 2021, the Company became a party to the Business Combination Agreement with Seaport Global Acquisition Corp. (“Seaport”) (a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company). Following the closing of the Business Combination, the combined company is organized in an “Up-C” structure in which the business of Redbox is operated by Redwood Intermediate and its subsidiaries, and the Company’s only material direct asset consists of equity interests in Redwood Intermediate (the “Business Combination”).

The Business Combination closed on October 22, 2021. The Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with US GAAP. Under the guidance in ASC 805, Business Combinations, Seaport is treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. This determination was primarily based on the existing controlling equity holder of Redbox having 72.2% of the voting power of the combined company and the operations of Redbox and its subsidiaries constituting the only ongoing operations of the combined company. The result of the transaction transformed the Company into a publicly traded entity on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol “RDBX”.

In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, the Company received $90.6 million in gross proceeds, of which $50.0 million was used to pay down outstanding indebtedness under the Company’s Senior Facilities. The Company incurred $14.5 million in direct and incremental costs related to the equity issuance, consisting primarily of investment banking, legal, accounting and other professional fees, which were recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in-capital in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company also incurred $7.0 million of costs that were not direct and incremental costs and accordingly, were recorded in general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company became the successor to an SEC registered and Nasdaq-listed company under the ticker symbol RDBX, which will require us to hire additional personnel and implement procedures and processes to address public company regulatory requirements and customary practices. The Company expects to incur additional annual expenses as a public company for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees, and additional internal and external accounting, legal and administrative resources. The Company estimates that these incremental costs will be approximately $10.0 million to $15.0 million per year.

For additional information on the Business Combination, see Note 3: Business Combination in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Overview

Redbox is an established brand and leading provider in the home entertainment market in the United States. The Company is focused on providing its customers with the best value in entertainment and the most choice in how they consume it, through physical media and/or digital services. Redbox is undergoing a significant business expansion and digital transformation. The Company has transitioned from a pure-play DVD rental company to a multi- faceted entertainment company that provides tremendous value and choice by offering DVD rentals as well as multiple digital products across a variety of content windows including transactional (TVOD), ad-supported (AVOD/FLTV) and being a distributor of feature films with a growing library of original content. Redbox currently conducts its business through two operating segments: (1) Legacy Business and (2) Digital Business.

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providing installation, merchandising and break-fix services to other kiosk businesses. Finally, the Company acquires, and distributes movies exclusively through its film distribution label, Redbox Entertainment, LLC, acquiring rights to talent-led films that are distributed across Redbox platforms as well as through third party digital services. For its Digital Business, the Company provides both transactional and ad-supported digital streaming services, which include 1) Redbox On Demand, a transactional service providing digital rental or purchase of new release and catalog movies and TV content, 2) Redbox Free On Demand (AVOD), an ad- supported service providing free movies and TV shows on demand, and 3) Redbox Free Live TV (FLTV), a free, ad-supported television service giving access to over 130 linear channels. The Company also sells third-party display advertising via its mobile app, website, and e-mails, as well as display and video advertising at the kiosk.

Due to risks and uncertainties related to the ongoing adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operating results, together with the Company’s recurring operating losses, accumulated deficit and negative working capital, there is substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. See “Business Update, Going Concern and Strategic Alternatives.”

Redbox Legacy Business

Redbox has built a unique asset in its loyalty and rewards program, Redbox Perks, which currently boasts 40 million members. Customers earn points for their rentals or purchases and can use those points for free rentals in the future. This tiered loyalty program gives the Company the ability to reward its most loyal and valuable customers while providing a currency for incenting increased transaction frequency and other behaviors, such as downloading the Redbox app or trying new products and services. Redbox Perks is a vehicle to provide greater value to value- conscious customers and is central to its marketing and customer strategy. The program is a differentiator in the market and competitive advantage for Redbox. Redbox’s customers are value-conscious, love movies and entertainment, and tend to be late-adopters of new technology. Given the scale of the existing customer base, the Company has built a sizable marketing program that includes approximately 45 million e-mail subscribers, approximately 5 million SMS subscribers, approximately 45 million mobile app downloads, and an estimated 375 million weekly impressions at retail.

To drive further engagement with our customers, Redbox established Redbox Entertainment, LLC as a movie distribution label. Through this label, the Company acquires North American rights and distributes feature films through Redbox kiosks, Redbox On Demand, third party digital transactional platforms and other streaming services. Redbox Entertainment acquires rights to finished films and also commits to slate deals for movies to be produced, giving the Company input on scripts and/or talent. The Company generates meaningful gross profit from these films through promotional initiatives on its own platform and by selling downstream window rights to subscription streaming services. Moreover, because the Company is acquiring long term exclusive rights to these films, Redbox is building a content library which can be used on its Free On Demand (AVOD) and Free Live TV (FLTV) services or further licensed to other streaming platforms in future windows.

In addition, Redbox Entertainment benefits from the Company’s robust rental data and insights into what titles and talent will perform. The Company has released a number of films since 2019 under the Redbox Entertainment label. The Company has already announced a slate deal with John Wick producer, Basil Iwanyk, committing to 12 action/thriller films over the next several years.

Finally, Redbox has a service business, which employs a team of best-in-class field workers nationwide to manage kiosk installation, merchandising and break-fix services. In addition to maintaining Redbox’s kiosk network, the Company’s service team also supports other kiosk businesses. The Company has service agreements with multiple companies that have national and regional kiosk networks and since June of 2020, Redbox has been the primary vendor for Amazon to service their expanding Amazon locker locations. The service business helps mitigate the operational costs of the field operations for the Legacy DVD business while generating incremental margin dollars.

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Redbox Digital Business

Redbox is rapidly expanding its digital product offering, leveraging its customer and marketing scale to transform the brand. The Company is building a digital ecosystem that consumers can use as a one-stop shop for their entertainment needs by engaging with a variety of digital video services within the Redbox app in an integrated, easy-to use format. This simplifies the customer experience, drives multi-product adoption, and minimizes customer churn. These services span multiple business models including transactional, ad- supported, and in the near future, subscription. The Company’s digital products are available to stream across web browsers, mobile devices, and almost every major consumer device, including Roku, Apple TV, Samsung, LG, AndroidTV, VIZIO, Xbox and PlayStation.

In December 2017, the Company launched Redbox On Demand, a digital transactional video-on-demand service (TVOD), allowing customers to rent or buy new release and catalog digital movies and television episodes, with new release prices typically ranging from $5.99 to $24.99 and catalog movies from $1.99 to $3.99, not including any discounts. Since 2020, customers have also been able to digitally rent movies that are still in theaters, which is known as Premium Video-On-Demand (PVOD). Customers pay a transactional fee to rent or buy content while earning Redbox Perks loyalty points every time they transact. Redbox On Demand has seen rapid growth and adoption with nearly 4 million customers. That growth has been fueled primarily through leveraging the Company’s own marketing channels including e-mail and SMS and offering rewards points or promos to drive digital customer acquisition.

In February 2020, the Company launched Redbox Free Live TV (FLTV), an ad-supported digital linear television service, as a complement to the existing transactional On Demand service. With over 130 linear channels and growing, including five Redbox branded and programmed channels, Free Live TV gives customers the opportunity to channel surf and find content that interests them. One of the Redbox- branded channels, the Redbox Free Movie Channel, is also currently syndicated to the Roku Channel, LG Channels and Vizio Watchfree services, which drives greater viewership and revenue, and the Company has plans to syndicate this channel to additional services.

Finally, Redbox operates a media advertising business which monetizes more than 100 million monthly display and video ad impressions across its streaming and mobile app, web, e-mail and kiosk network. The Company drives advertising revenue through a mix of programmatic advertising and direct sales. Direct ad sales for the media above as well as video advertising for Free On Demand and FLTV are driven by an internal sales team and a strategic sales partnership with Screenvision and the Palomino Media Group.

Growth Strategy

Redbox’s transformation into a multi-faceted entertainment company creates multiple areas for future growth. The Company’s expansion into AVOD and our intended eventual expansion into SVOD will allow Redbox to participate in a very large and rapidly growing market. The Company is well positioned for long-term value creation through its focus on:

Growing multi-product customers. Redbox will grow multi-product customers through increasing customer acquisition marketing and spend across streaming device partners, marketing at the kiosk, and other external paid media. The Company has relied primarily on internal e-mail and SMS channels to drive customer acquisition. Thus, increased spend and attention via these additional channels with more content and services offered, will drive greater customer growth. Redbox will also continue to invest in driving multi-product customer adoption through improved CRM, greater personalization and targeted use of promotions to create more personalized customer funnels to encourage users to trial and adopt other digital services within the Redbox app.

Accelerating AVOD adoption. Redbox projects growth for the Company’s ad-supported service through measured investment to expand the Free Live TV and Free On Demand content offerings. Through increased content volume, the Company expects to drive higher engagement and more hours watched per customer. Further, this improved content is expected to drive an increase in customers, accelerating the business while maintaining a reasonable customer acquisition cost.

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Ramping Content Acquisition. Redbox Entertainment drives additional revenue in two ways. First, it provides more content for the kiosk, On Demand and the ad-supported offerings; secondly, it generates revenue from distributing and licensing to other streaming platforms. Redbox expects to ramp the number of releases to 36 a year over time. The number of releases will naturally ramp as committed titles complete production and are delivered and the pipeline continues to grow.

Launching SVOD channels platform. As part of its long-term growth strategy, the Company’s intended launch of Redbox’s SVOD channels service will become another meaningful revenue stream. Redbox would act as the merchant of record, collecting 100% of the subscription revenue before paying the SVOD channel owner’s revenue share. By providing access to multiple SVOD channel options, customers can easily subscribe to one or more SVOD services all within the context of the Redbox app, and Redbox can easily merchandise the third party SVOD content and service via the approximately 45 million Redbox app downloads on mobile devices, streaming media players, game consoles, and connected televisions.

Impact of COVID-19 and Emerging Industry Trends

In March 2020, the World Health Organization recognized the novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, as a pandemic. Public and private sector policies and initiatives to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 have varied significantly across the United States. Throughout 2021, a significant percentage of the U.S. population was subject to meaningful restrictions on activities, which included limitations on the operation of non-essential businesses including retail operations, requirements that individuals remain in or close to their homes, school closures, theater closures, limitations on large gatherings, travel restrictions and other policies to promote or enforce physical distancing. These restrictions have not only impacted how the Company’s customers use its products and services but also affected content production, release and distribution. As a result of these restrictions, many consumers subscribed to additional streaming services to satisfy their content needs as the number of new release movies, released theatrically and through home entertainment, decreased by more than 50% in both 2020 and 2021 compared with 2019, which had 140 theatrical titles. During 2020 and 2021, the Company experienced a decline in physical movie rentals, due in part to a significant decline in new movie releases and theater closures along with governmental and retail store restrictions. The Company’s On Demand transactional offering is also dependent on new releases, albeit at a lesser level than the physical business as the On Demand platform has a larger catalog offering. The Company continues to monitor and evaluate the impact of this health crisis on its business given that the duration is still unknown and public policy actions continue to evolve. The Company will also be closely monitoring the impact of COVID-19 on its customers, employees, and vendors, including, retail and studio partners.

As a result of temporary theater closures in 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, studios and content producers either delayed the release of movies into future periods or experimented with alternative release strategies which altered the typical window cadence. One alternative release method, albeit limited in its scope, was to sell movies directly to subscription services for exclusive release on their respective platforms. As a result, these titles were not available through a traditional transactional On Demand window, thus leading to fewer new release titles available to the Company. However, as studios continue to evolve their window release strategies, more and more studios are retaining their home entertainment distribution rights despite the initial sale of a title to a streaming service. This will allow Redbox to make the movie available for rental through the kiosk and possibly On Demand at a later date. The Company expects studios to sell titles directly to streaming services from time to time, but may be less likely going forward with the reopening of theatrical exhibitors and the opportunity to achieve higher returns for both studios and artists. The Company is further mitigating the impact of titles sold exclusively to subscription services by building out a library of content via its Redbox Entertainment label. Redbox Entertainment titles are available physically and digitally on Redbox platforms and are monetized across other platforms.

The second alternative release strategy that emerged was a simultaneous release on a studio’s own digital platform as well as theatrical release to provide optionality to those customers who were not ready to return to the theater. Most of these titles release transactionally at the kiosk and on Redbox On Demand in a subsequent window.

The third alternative release is known as premium video on demand or “PVOD” which creates an early transactional window for an at-home digital theatrical release at a higher price point, typically $19.99. The PVOD releases provided consumers a way to watch new releases at home while theaters remain shuttered. Redbox On Demand participates in and benefits from PVOD releases as it provides an early window option to Redbox customers at this higher price point.

The Company expects studios to return to a more normal release slate as COVID-19 restrictions continue to ease due to the relationship with theatrical exhibitors and the draw of higher margin potential. Nevertheless, a number of titles continue to shift back further in 2022 and into 2023. The Company expects new release content to build back throughout 2022 once the pandemic subsides. This expectation is based on known titles delayed from 2020 and 2021, which are planned for release in 2022 and 2023. Studios who

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have previously released titles on streaming services on the same date as in theatres in 2021 have announced plans to return to theatrical windows of 45 to 90 days, before these titles go to home entertainment; however, studios continue to experiment with timing of releases on their owned and operated platforms which may continue to negatively impact Redbox’s ability to monetize a title.

The Company will also continue to build out its digital offerings such as both linear and on demand ad-supported content to provide more options for customers to consume content at varying price points including free with ads. The Company believes that the complement of digital services creates greater utility to its customers and makes the offering more competitive relative to more focused streamers, while also reducing the reliance on content in a single content window.

Business Update, Going Concern and Strategic Alternatives

Redbox has been exploring a number of potential strategic alternatives with respect to the Company’s corporate or capital structure and seeking financing to fund operations and one-time restructuring costs. The Company’s Board of Directors established a Strategic Review Committee to, among other things, consider and oversee strategic alternatives or transactions that may be available to the Company with respect to its corporate or capital structure. Redbox has also announced a series of restructuring actions and initiatives to improve its efficiency and reduce its cost structure, including, but not limited to, (i) optimizing its kiosk network and (ii) initiating a workforce reduction across its supply chain and corporate teams. However, the risks and uncertainties related to the ongoing adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operating results, together with the Company’s recurring operating losses, accumulated deficit and negative working capital, raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company generated negative cash flows from operations of $29.2 million, had an accumulated deficit of $333.0 million and negative working capital of $59.3 million. The Company evaluated the impact of the additional financing and restructuring actions and initiatives described above on its ability to continue as a going concern.

If the Company is unable to implement one or more of the strategic alternatives currently under consideration, we could continue to experience adverse pressures on its relationships with counterparties who are critical to its business, its ability to access the capital markets, its ability to execute on its operational and strategic goals and its business, prospects, results of operations and liquidity generally. There can be no assurance as to when or whether the Company will implement any action as a result of these strategic initiatives, whether the implementation of one or more such actions will be successful, or the effects the failure to take action may have on the Company’s business, its ability to achieve its operational and strategic goals or its ability to finance its business or refinance its indebtedness. A failure to address these matters, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, prospects, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition, and its ability to service or refinance its corporate debt as it becomes due.

Comparability of Financial Information

The Company’s future results of operations and financial position may not be comparable to its historical results as a result of the business combination.

Selected Financial Data and Key Metrics

The selected consolidated financial data below should be read in conjunction with the following MD&A and the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All references to rentals and net rental revenue presented within MD&A include physical and On Demand rentals and revenue, unless otherwise noted, respectively.

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Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures internally for strategic decision-making, forecasting future results, and evaluating current performance. Management believes that the non-GAAP financial measures (i.e., Adjusted EBITDA) provide a more consistent comparison of its operating results and trends for the periods presented. These non-GAAP financial measures are used in addition to and in conjunction with results presented in accordance with GAAP and reflect an additional way of viewing aspects of its operations that, when viewed with its GAAP results, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting its business. These non-GAAP measures should be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, the corresponding measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Refer to “Use of Non-GAAP Measures” below for discussion of this measure and related reconciliation.


Key Financial Measures	Year ended December 31,
Dollars in thousands	2021			2020			2019
Total net revenue	$	288,540		$	546,191		$	858,370
Product cost	$	115,141		$	220,999		$	359,880
Gross margin	$	173,399		$	325,192		$	498,490
Gross margin %		60.1	%		59.5	%		58.1	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(15,145)		$	113,776		$	195,649
Adjusted EBITDA as a % of net revenue		(5.2)	%		20.8	%		22.8	%
Loss before income taxes	$	(174,791)		$	(94,707)		$	(14,823)
Net loss	$	(140,756)		$	(69,503)		$	(7,567)
Retail footprint
Ending number of kiosks		38,379			40,026			41,420
Ending number of locations		32,586			33,661			34,758
Physical Theatrical Titles Released in Period		57			68			140

Seasonality

Absent the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, the Company has generally experienced seasonality in its rentals and revenue. Historically, greater demand over the holiday season typically results in higher rentals November through January. April has usually been a low rental month due, in part, to retail release timing in connection with the Academy Awards that historically has provided stronger content and resulted in higher rentals in March. September and October have been low rental months due, in part, to the beginning of the school year and the introduction of the new fall television season. Significant recurring events, such as the Olympics, also have a negative impact on rentals as they compete with customer viewing interest for movie content and affect retail release timing, which aims to avoid such events. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 has disrupted, and may continue to disrupt, the Company’s typical seasonal patterns into 2022.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

The Company generates revenue primarily through fees charged to rent or purchase a movie both physically and digitally. Revenue is presented net of promotional offerings provided to its consumers and any subsequent refunds. Revenue also consists of fees the Company earns in its service business for servicing and merchandising other kiosk businesses, digital advertising through its media network business, as well as licensing fees it generates from selling downstream rights to subscription streaming services through its Redbox Entertainment label.

Product Cost

Product Cost primarily represents the amortization of the Company’s physical content library and digital revenue sharing costs. Amortization of the content library is calculated using rental decay curves based on historical performance of movies over their useful lives. Given the steepness of the rental decay curve, amortization on most of the content library is recorded on an accelerated basis with substantially all of the amortization expense recognized within the first year after a title’s release.

The content library mainly includes (1) the costs paid to studios and other vendors to acquire content including revenue share as applicable, (2) costs incurred to label, sort, and ship content to the Company’s kiosks for merchandising, (3) costs incurred to destroy content after use if required under contractual arrangements with studios and (4) indirect taxes, if applicable. For content the Company expects to sell, it determines an estimated salvage value. Content salvage values are estimated based on the historical sales activity.

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The cost of each title is capitalized and amortized to its estimated salvage value. The rental decay curves and salvage value of the Company’s content library are periodically reviewed and evaluated.

For movies acquired through the Company’s Redbox Entertainment label, costs include (1) the costs to acquire content, (2) manufacturing costs and (3) supply chain costs. These costs are capitalized as they are incurred and amortized in proportion to the current year’s revenue as a percentage of management’s estimate of total ultimate revenue, not to exceed the life of the acquired rights. Ultimate revenue estimates are periodically reviewed and adjustments, if any, will result in changes to amortization rates.

Direct Operating

Direct Operating expense accounts primarily for (1) commissions the Company pays to its retailers, (2) credit card fees, (3) operations support to both merchandise and service its kiosks, and (4) consumer electronic device royalties, licensing and digital rights management fees and content delivery network fees for delivery of On Demand content.

Marketing

Marketing expenses represent the cost of online and offline marketing and public relations efforts in national and regional advertising. The Company’s marketing efforts consist of various media programs, such as e-mail, text, mobile applications, social media, the Company’s loyalty program and digital advertising. However, the Company also leverages the visibility provided by its expansive network of approximately 38,000 kiosks and partnership programs with retailers and consumer goods manufacturers to attract and retain new customers.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense represents compensation costs in connection with the Redbox Equity Plan and the Redwood Holdco Management Incentive Plan.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of executive management, business development, finance, management information systems, human resources, legal, facilities, risk management and administrative support for operations.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and other expenses consist of depreciation charges on the Company’s installed kiosks as well as on computer equipment, leasehold improvements, and capitalizable costs for automobile leases and internally developed software related primarily to its customer-facing products.

Amortization expenses are related to the amortization of intangible assets. For further information on amortization, see Note 5: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019


	For the years ended December 31,									2021 vs 2020				2020 vs 2019
Dollars in thousands	2021			2020			2019			$		%		$		%
Net revenue	$	288,540		$	546,191		$	858,370		$	(257,651)	(47.2)	%	$	(312,179)	(36.4)	%
Product cost		115,141			220,999			359,880			105,858	47.9	%		138,881	38.6	%
Gross margin	$	173,399		$	325,192		$	498,490		$	(151,793)	(46.7)	%	$	(173,298)	(34.8)	%
Gross margin %		60.1	%		59.5	%		58.1	%			0.6	%			1.4	%
Operating expenses:
Direct operating		131,926			167,090			237,490			35,164	21.0	%		70,400	29.6	%
Marketing		14,806			21,214			25,813			6,408	30.2	%		4,599	17.8	%
Stock-based compensation expense		1,994			16			156			(1,978)	n.m.			140	89.7	%
General and administrative		59,436			62,219			67,002			2,783	4.5	%		4,783	7.1	%
Depreciation and amortization		108,505			136,838			138,274			28,333	20.7	%		1,436	1.0	%
Operating (loss) income		(143,268)			(62,185)			29,755			(81,083)	n.m.			(91,940)	n.m.
Other expense, net:
Interest expense and other, net		(31,523)			(32,522)			(44,578)			999	3.1	%		12,056	27.0	%
Total interest expense and other, net		(31,523)			(32,522)			(44,578)			999	3.1	%		12,056	27.0	%
Loss before income taxes		(174,791)			(94,707)			(14,823)			(80,084)	(84.6)	%		(79,884)	n.m.
Income tax benefit		(34,035)			(25,204)			(7,256)			8,831	35.0	%		17,948	n.m.
Net loss	$	(140,756)		$	(69,503)		$	(7,567)		$	(71,253)	(102.5)	%	$	(61,936)	n.m.
Adjusted EBITDA(1)	$	(15,145)		$	113,776		$	195,649		$	(128,921)	(113.3)	%	$	(81,873)	(41.8)	%
Ending number of kiosks		38,379			40,026			41,420			(1,647)	(4.1)	%		(1,394)	(3.4)	%
Physical Theatrical Titles Released in Period		57			68			140			(11)	(16.2)	%		(72)	(51.4)	%

n.m. not meaningful

(1)	Refer to “Use of Non-GAAP Measures” below for discussion of this measure and related reconciliation.

Year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020

Net Revenue. Net revenue was $288.5 million, a decrease of $257.7 million or 47.2%, compared to net revenues of $546.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Beginning in March 2020, physical movie rentals were negatively impacted by the COVID-19 global pandemic due to a material decline in new movie releases available to consumers resulting from broad-based movie theater closures and a material slowdown in new productions. The impacts of 2020 continued into 2021 as studios continued to either delay the release of new movies into future periods or experimented with alternative release strategies, including selling movies directly to streaming services, which resulted in fewer titles being released at the kiosk. Throughout the first three quarters of 2021, Redbox released 33 theatrical titles at the kiosk, which is typically what would have been released in one quarter pre-COVID. The bulk of the releases for 2021 came in the fourth quarter with 24 releases. However, as content built throughout the quarter, it was still inconsistent week to week and met with challenges from the outbreak of the Omicron variant of COVID-19. The timing of new releases impacts the amount of time within the fiscal year Redbox has to monetize a title. The year ended December 31, 2021 experienced 16.2% fewer theatrical titles released at the kiosk physical versus the same period in 2020. The decrease in revenue primarily resulting from the kiosk rental declines year over year, down 57.4%, is partially offset by a 5.4% increase in rental revenue per physical rental. Digital revenue was also negatively impacted by the lack of new releases in the period versus a year ago reflected by a decrease of 11.6% in revenue. Partially offsetting the declines in revenue was strong growth in the Company’s kiosk servicing business and distribution of original content under the Redbox Entertainment label.

Product Cost. Product Cost was $115.1 million, a decrease of $105.9 million or 47.9%, compared to $221.0 million for the same period in 2020 due to variable cost savings from the reduction in new releases.

Gross Margin. Gross margin was $173.4 million, a decrease of $151.8 million or 46.7%, compared to gross margin of $325.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 due to lower net revenue as discussed above.

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Gross margin as a percentage of net revenue increased to 60.1% for the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to 59.5% for the same period in 2020, primarily reflecting a higher mix of non-theatrical versus theatrical titles released during 2021 resulting in lower revenue share expenses.

Direct Operating Expenses. Direct Operating expenses were $131.9 million, a decrease of $35.2 million or 21.0%, compared to the same period in 2020 due to lower variable expenses including credit cards fees and retailer revenue share expenses along with reductions in supply chain and customer service expenses related to fewer titles being released.

Marketing Expenses. Marketing expenses decreased by 30.2% to $14.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to $21.2 million for the same period in 2020 due to cost savings measures to offset the impact of the pandemic on top line revenue.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense. Stock-based compensation expense was $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $0.0 million for the same period in 2020, primarily due to the equity award granted in connection with the Redbox Equity Plan. See Note 10: Stock-Based Compensation Expense in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses were $59.4 million, a decrease of $2.8 million or 4.5%, compared to $62.2 million for the same period in 2020 due to cost savings initiatives driven by the impact of the pandemic on top line revenue, partially offset by transaction related expenses in connection with the Business Combination.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased by 20.7% to $108.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to $136.8 million for the same period in 2020 due to certain kiosks reaching the end of their depreciable useful lives.

Operating Loss. Operating loss for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $143.3 million compared to an operating loss of $62.2 million for the same period in 2020. The decrease is primarily driven by the net revenue decrease as described above, partially offset by a decrease in direct operating costs. During 2020, the Company received $7.0 million in connection with a class action settlement specific to credit card fees.

Net Loss. Net loss was $140.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to a net loss of $69.5 million for the same period in 2020. The decline is due to the decrease in operating income as discussed above, partially offset by lower income taxes for the year.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA was ($15.1) million, a decrease of $128.9 million, compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $113.8 million for the same period in 2020. The decline is primarily due to decreases in net revenue in the Company’s Legacy Business, partially offset by a decrease in product costs, direct operating costs due to variable direct cost savings and a decrease to both marketing and general and administrative spend through the Company’s cost savings initiatives.

Segment Discussion

Legacy Business


	Year ended
	December 31,			December 31,			2021 vs 2020
Dollars in thousands	2021			2020			$		%
Net revenue	$	253,417		$	506,437		$	(253,020)	(50.0)	%
Adjusted EBITDA		(15,932)			109,074			(125,006)	(114.6)	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		(6.3)	%		21.5	%			n.m.
Physical Theatrical Titles Released		57			68			(11)	(16.2)	%
Physical Rentals (in thousands)		62,315			146,364			(84,049)	(57.4)	%
Net revenue per physical rental	$	3.29		$	3.12		$	0.17	5.4	%

Net Revenue. Net revenue was $253.4 million, a decrease of $253.0 million or 50.0%, compared to net revenue of $506.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Physical movie rentals were negatively impacted by the COVID-19 global pandemic due to a material decline in new movie releases available to consumers. Studios either delayed the release of new movies into future periods or experimented with alternative release strategies, including selling movies directly to streaming services, which resulted in fewer titles being released at the kiosk. Throughout the first three quarters of 2021, Redbox released 33 theatrical titles at the kiosk, which is

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typically what would have been released in one quarter pre-COVID. The bulk of the releases for 2021 came in fourth quarter with 24 releases. However, as content built throughout the quarter, it was still inconsistent week to week and met with challenges from the outbreak of the Omicron variant of COVID-19. The timing of new releases impacts the amount of time within the fiscal year Redbox has to monetize a title. The year ended December 31, 2021 experienced 16.2% fewer theatrical titles released at the kiosk physical versus the same period in 2020. The decrease in revenue primarily resulting from the kiosk rental declines year over year, down 57.4%, is partially offset by a 5.4% increase in net revenue per physical rental. Partially offsetting the declines in revenue was strong growth in the Company’s kiosk servicing business and distribution of original content under the Redbox Entertainment label.

As COVID-19 restrictions begin to ease, the Company expects studios to continue to sell titles directly to streaming services from time to time, but may be less likely going forward with the reopening of theatrical exhibitors and the opportunity to achieve higher returns for both studios and artists. As a result, a number of titles continue to shift back further into 2022 and into 2023. The Company expects new release content to build back throughout 2022 if the pandemic subsides. The Company is further mitigating the impact of titles sold exclusively to subscription services by building out a library of content via its Redbox Entertainment label. Redbox Entertainment titles are available physically and digitally on Redbox platforms and will also be monetized across other platforms.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA was ($15.9) million, a decrease of $125.0 million or 114.6%, compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $109.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA is primarily driven by the decrease in net revenue discussed above, partially offset by a decrease in product costs, direct operating costs due to variable direct cost savings and a decrease to both marketing and general and administrative spend through the Company’s cost savings initiatives. During 2020, the Company received $7.0 million in connection with a class action settlement specific to credit card fees.

Digital Business


	Year ended
	December 31,			December 31,			2021 vs 2020
Dollars in thousands	2021			2020			$		%
Net revenue	$	35,123		$	39,754		$	(4,631)	(11.6)	%
Adjusted EBITDA		787			4,702			(3,915)	n.m.
Adjusted EBITDA margin		2.2	%		11.8	%			n.m.

Net Revenue. Net revenue was $35.1 million, a decrease of $4.6 million or 11.6%, compared to $39.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Digital revenue was adversely impacted as fewer new releases were available compared to the prior year as studios continued to delay new releases and experiment with alternative release strategies throughout the pandemic as discussed previously. Partially offsetting the decline in On Demand revenue, the Company’s media network business reflected modest growth of 3.1% for the period.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA was $0.8 million, a decrease of $3.9 million, compared to $4.7 million during 2020 reflecting a decline in top line revenue, partially offset by reduced operating costs related to moving from an external to internal On Demand platform.

Year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019

Net Revenue. Net revenue was $546.2 million, a decrease of $312.2 million or 36.4%, compared to $858.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Physical movie rentals were negatively impacted by the COVID-19 global pandemic due to a material decline in new movie releases available to consumers resulting from broad-based movie theater closures and a material slowdown in new productions, both beginning in March 2020, compounded by regulatory restrictions on retail stores intended to prevent the spread of COVID-19, meaningfully reducing customer traffic. Theatrical release count was 68 compared to 140 in the prior year, a decrease of 51.4%, reflecting the impact of theater closures. The decrease in revenue primarily resulting from the rental decline year-over-year is partially offset by continued growth in On Demand and other revenue streams such as servicing kiosks and sales of the Company’s previously view movies inventory.

Product Cost. Product Cost was $221.0 million, a decrease of $138.9 million or 38.6%, compared to $359.9 for the same period in 2019 due to variable cost savings from the reduction in new releases.

Gross Margin. Gross margin was $325.2 million, a decrease of $173.3 million or 34.8%, compared to gross margin of $498.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 due to lower net revenue as discussed above.

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Gross margin as a percentage of net revenue increased to 59.5% for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 58.1% for the same period in 2019, reflecting a higher mix of On Demand revenue.

Direct Operating Expenses. Direct Operating expenses were $167.1 million, a decrease of $70.4 million or 29.6%, compared to the same period in 2019 due to lower variable expenses including credit card fees and retailer revenue share expenses along with reductions in supply chain expense related to fewer titles being released.

Marketing Expenses. Marketing expenses decreased by 17.8% to $21.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $25.8 million for the same period in 2019 due to cost savings initiatives driven by the impact of the pandemic on top line revenue.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense. Stock-based compensation expense was $0.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to $0.2 million for the same period in 2019.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased by 7.1% to $62.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $67.0 million for the same period in 2019 due to cost savings initiatives driven by the impact of the pandemic on top line revenue.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased by 1.0% to $136.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $138.3 for the same period in 2019 due to certain kiosks reaching the end of their depreciable useful lives.

Operating (Loss) Income. Operating loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 was ($62.2) million compared to operating income of $29.8 million for the same period in 2019. The decrease is primarily driven by the net revenue decrease as described above, partially offset by a decrease in direct operating costs. During 2020, the Company received $7.0 million in connection with a class action settlement specific to credit card fees.

Net Loss. Net loss was $69.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to a net loss of $7.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decline is due to the decrease in operating income as discussed above, partially offset by lower income taxes for the year.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA was $113.8 million, a decrease of $81.9 million or 41.8%, compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $195.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decline is due to decreases in net revenue in the Company’s Legacy Business, partially offset by a decrease in product costs, direct operating costs due to variable direct cost savings and a decrease to both marketing and general and administrative spend through the Company’s cost savings initiatives.

Segment Discussion

Legacy Business


	Year ended
	December 31,			December 31,			2020 vs 2019
Dollars in thousands	2020			2019			$		%
Net revenue	$	506,437		$	838,627		$	(332,190)	(39.6)	%
Adjusted EBITDA		109,074			197,887			(88,813)	(44.9)	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		21.5	%		23.6	%			(210)pts
Physical Theatrical Titles Released		68			140			(72)	(51.4)	%
Physical Rentals (in thousands)		146,364			250,111			(103,747)	(41.5)	%
Net revenue per physical rental	$	3.12		$	3.12		$	—	—	%

Net Revenue. Net revenue was $506.4 million, a decrease of $332.2 million or 39.6%, compared to net revenues of $838.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Physical movie rentals were negatively impacted by the COVID-19 global pandemic due to a material decline in new movie releases available to consumers resulting from broad-based movie theater closures and a material slowdown in new productions, both beginning in March 2020 compounded by regulatory restrictions on retail stores intended to prevent the spread of COVID-19, meaningfully reducing customer traffic. Due to the prolonged impact of theater closures, the year ended December 31, 2020 experienced 51.4% fewer theatrical titles released at the kiosk physically versus the same period in 2019.

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The decrease in revenue primarily resulting from the rental decline year-over-year is partially offset by continued growth in other revenue streams such as servicing kiosks and sales of the Company’s previously viewed movies inventory.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA was $109.1 million, a decrease of $88.8 million or 44.9%, compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $197.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA is primarily driven by the decrease in net revenue discussed above, partially offset by a decrease in direct operating costs due to variable direct cost savings and a decrease to both marketing and general and administrative spend through the Company’s cost savings initiatives. During 2020, the Company received $7.0 million in connection with a class action settlement specific to credit card fees.

Digital Business


	Year ended
	December 31,			December 31,			2020 vs 2019
Dollars in thousands	2020			2019			$		%
Net revenue	$	39,754		$	19,743		$	20,011	101.4	%
Adjusted EBITDA		4,702			(2,238)			6,940	n.m.
Adjusted EBITDA margin		11.8	%		(11.3)	%			n.m.

Net Revenue. Net revenue was $39.8 million, an increase of $20.0 million or 101.4%, compared to net revenue of $19.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase in net revenue was driven by a 124.6% increase in the Company’s On Demand business along with a 4.3% increase in the Company’s media network business.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA was $4.7 million, an increase of $6.9 million, compared to a loss of $2.2 million during 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA is driven primarily by the revenue growth in the Company’s On Demand business.

Use of Non-GAAP Measures

The Company defines EBITDA as net income before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA by excluding the results of business optimization costs, one-time non-recurring costs, new business start-up costs, restructuring related costs, stock-based compensation expense, and results of the Company’s former video games business, which was discontinued in December 2019. Neither EBITDA nor Adjusted EBITDA are presented in accordance with GAAP.

The Company uses EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for operational and financial decision-making and believes these measures are useful in eliminating certain items to focus on what it deems to be indicators of operating performance. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are also used by many of the Company’s investors, securities analysts, and other interested parties in evaluating operational and financial performance as well as debt service capabilities. The Company believes that the presentation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors by allowing an understanding of key measures that the Company uses internally for operational decision-making, budgeting, and assessing performance.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not recognized terms under GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for net income, cash flows from operating activities, or other income or cash flow statement data. These measures have limitations as analytical tools, and should not be considered in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of the Company’s results as reported under GAAP. Investors should review the Company’s financial statements and publicly filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure.

Because non-GAAP financial measures are not standardized, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, as defined by Redbox, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. It therefore may not be possible to compare the Company’s use of these non-GAAP financial measures with those used by other companies.

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Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as follows:


	Year ended
	December 31,
Dollars in thousands	2021		2020		2019
Net loss	$	(140,756)	$	(69,503)	$	(7,567)
Depreciation and amortization		108,505		136,838		138,274
Interest and other expense, net		31,523		32,522		44,578
Income tax benefit		(34,035)		(25,204)		(7,256)
EBITDA		(34,763)		74,653		168,029
Adjustments to EBITDA:
Business optimization^(a)		6,907		19,011		7,687
One-time non-recurring^(b)		7,689		10,584		5,326
New business start-up costs^(c)		1,004		6,041		3,793
Restructuring related^(d)		2,024		3,471		4,432
Stock-based compensation expense		1,994		16		156
Discontinuation of games business^(e)		—		—		6,226
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(15,145)	$	113,776	$	195,649

(a)

Business optimization costs include employee retention costs, IT costs as well as consulting costs for certain projects. Retention costs for the years ended 2021, 2020 and 2019 were $4.6 million, $13.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively. In 2020, retention awards were paid out to all employees in light of the COVID pandemic and were in lieu of the Company’s short-term incentive program. IT costs of $2.1 million, $4.8 million and $3.8 million were incurred in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company’s IT project is a complete restructuring of the Company’s technologies as it to moves to a cloud-based infrastructure.

(b)	Transaction related costs in connection with the Business Combination of $5.2 million were recorded in 2021. All periods include costs related to project costs and initiatives, as well as bank, legal and other fees in connection with the Company’s debt financing activities.

(c)	Includes costs to support the Company’s On Demand and AVOD offerings, along with costs related to the Company’s service and media network businesses.

(d)	Restructuring related costs include such items as employee severance charges and costs incurred related to removing kiosks.

(e)	Reflects EBITDA of the Company’s former video games business, which was wound down in December, 2019.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company’s primary sources of liquidity are from cash on hand, cash flow generated from operations, and amounts available under its Revolving Credit Facility. On January 28, 2022, the Company borrowed the remaining availability under its revolving credit facility as a result of the on-going impacts from COVID-19 on the business. Redbox has been exploring a number of potential strategic alternatives with respect to the Company’s corporate or capital structure and seeking financing to fund operations and one-time restructuring costs. The Company has also announced a series of restructuring actions and initiatives to improve its efficiency and reduce its cost structure, including, but not limited to, (i) optimizing its kiosk network and (ii) initiating a workforce reduction across its supply chain and corporate teams. However, the risks and uncertainties related to the ongoing adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operating results, together with the Company’s recurring operating losses, accumulated deficit and negative working capital, raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

In response to the prolonged impacts of COVID-19, the Company amended its Senior Facilities, which, among other things, removed all financial covenants, defers principal amortization payments until the maturity date, extends the maturity date to April 2024, and provides the Company with the ability to pay interest in cash or PIK interest for each interest period ending on or prior to December 31, 2022, subject to certain liquidity thresholds.

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Additionally, the Company has taken and continues to take actions to reduce expenses and manage working capital to preserve cash on-hand. These actions include, but are not limited to:

●

managing labor hours spent on field and servicing operations based upon inventory levels and demand;

●

extending payment terms with vendors;

●

delay hiring for non-critical roles;

●

delay timing on merit increases;

●

reduce long-term incentive compensation; and

●

limit capital expenditures.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash increased $9.6 million to $18.5 million from the December 31, 2020 balance of $8.9 million. As of December 31, 2021, amounts outstanding under the Company’s Term Loan Facility and revolving credit facilities were $303.0 million and $22.3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $14.1 million of available borrowing capacity under its revolving credit facility. On January 28, 2022, the Company borrowed the remaining availability under its revolving credit facility. For additional information see Note 7: Debt in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In connection with the Business Combination on October 22, 2021, the Company repaid a total of $50.0 million in debt with $15.0 million paid towards the Revolving Credit Facility and $35.0 million paid towards the Term Loan Facility.

Senior Facilities

Redbox Automated Retail, LLC (“RAR”) is party to a credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement was first entered into on October 20, 2017, and has subsequently been amended by an Incremental Assumption and Amendment Agreement (the “Amendment”) dated September 7, 2018, a second amendment (the “Second Amendment”) dated September 30, 2020, a third amendment (the “Third Amendment”) dated December 28, 2020, a fourth amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) dated January 29, 2021, a fifth amendment (the “Fifth Amendment”) dated May 16, 2021, and a consent to the Fifth Amendment dated October 11, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, RAR’s Senior Facilities matured on October 20, 2024, and subsequent to the Amendment, Second Amendment, Third Amendment, Fourth Amendment, Fifth Amendment and consent thereto consisted of:

●

a first lien term loan B facility (the “Term Loan B”), in an original aggregate principal amount of $425.0 million;

●

a first lien term loan B-1 facility (the “Term Loan B-1”), in an original aggregate principal amount of $85.8 million; and

●

a first lien revolving credit facility, in an aggregate principal amount of up to $30.0 million.

The Term Loan B was made available to RAR immediately upon closing and was used in part to retire all $280.0 million of the Company’s existing debt and to settle closing costs associated with the new Term Loan B totaling $19.5 million of which $4.6 million was paid to Apollo Global Securities, LLC, an affiliate of Apollo, for services provided in connection with the financing. The balance of the Term Loan B proceeds were used towards a dividend, occurring on the same day, with total dividend of $160.0 million to equity holders of RAR. Additionally, at the execution of the new Credit Agreement, RAR wrote-off unamortized deferred financing costs of $21.7 million related to the extinguishment of the entire debt under the prior credit agreement.

On September 7, 2018, RAR entered into an Incremental Assumption and Amendment Agreement (the “Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement. The Amendment provided for, among other things, (i) an incremental Term B-1 Loan (“Term Loan B-1”) in an original aggregate principal amount of $85.8 million and (ii) the payment of one or more restricted payments to shareholders of RAR in an aggregate amount not to exceed $115.0 million. The proceeds received from the Amendment along with cash flow from the business were used towards a dividend distribution to equity holders of RAR totaling $115.0 million that was paid within five business days of September 7, 2018, and to pay fees and expenses in connection with the Amendment totaling $3.7 million. The additional loan

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under Term Loan B-1 had terms identical to the original Term Loan B, except to account for the incremental principal amount within the quarterly amortization payment schedule and to reset call protection on the Term Loan B-1.

On September 30, 2020, RAR entered into the second amendment to its Credit Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) to, among other things, to increase the total net leverage covenant during the remaining term of the Credit Agreement and revise the quarterly amortization payment schedule.

On December 28, 2020, RAR entered into a third amendment to its Credit Agreement (the “Third Amendment”). The amendment deferred the December 2020 amortization payment to March 2021.

As of December 31, 2020, RAR’s Senior Facilities matured on October 20, 2022, and subsequent to the Amendment, Second Amendment and Third Amendment consisted of:

●

a first lien term loan B facility, in an original aggregate principal amount of $425.0 million;

●

a first lien term loan B-1 facility, in an original aggregate principal amount of $85.8 million; and

●

a first lien revolving credit facility, in an aggregate principal amount of up to $30.0 million.

In addition, under the Fourth Amendment, RAR incurred an incremental first lien term loan B-2 facility (the “Term Loan B-2”) in an aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million which was provided by New Outerwall, Inc. The loan was subsequently assigned to Aspen Parent, Inc., an affiliate of Apollo and therefore a related party of the Company.

Pursuant to the Fourth Amendment, interest is payable on the Senior Facilities entirely in cash or, for a specified period, could be paid by increasing the principal amount of the Senior Facilities (PIK Interest), or through a combination of cash and PIK interest, subject to certain liquidity thresholds. Borrowings under the Senior Facilities bear interest at a rate at RAR’s option, either (a) a London Interbank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) determined by reference to the costs of funds for Eurodollar deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing, adjusted for certain additional costs, subject to a 1.00% floor in the case of term loans or (b) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% per annum, (ii) the prime rate quoted by The Wall Street Journal (or another national publication selected by the administrative agent) and (iii) the one-month adjusted LIBOR plus 1.00% per annum, in each case plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin for borrowings under the Senior Facilities is 7.25% with respect to Eurocurrency Borrowings (increasing to 8.25% if PIK Interest is paid) and 6.25% with respect to ABR Borrowings (increasing to 7.25% if PIK Interest is paid).

In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the Senior Facilities, RAR is required to pay a commitment fee at a rate equal to 0.50% per annum to the lenders in respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder. RAR is also required to pay customary agency fees.

In connection with the Business Combination, on May 16, 2021, RAR entered into another amendment to its Credit Agreement (the “Fifth Amendment”). The Fifth Amendment, which became effective upon consummation of the Business Combination, provided consent to the planned Business Combination and among other things, extended the Senior Facilities maturity date to October 2023 and subordinated the Term Loan B-2 to the Term Loan B and the Term Loan B-1. In addition, among other things, concurrently with the consummation of the Business Combination, (i) $15.0 million of cash proceeds from the Business Combination were used to pay down outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and (ii) $35.0 million of cash proceeds from the Business Combination were used to pay down outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan B and the Term Loan B-1.

On October 11, 2021, RAR entered into a consent to the Fifth Amendment to make certain additional changes to the Credit Agreement, which became effective upon consummation of the Business Combination, including extending the maturity date of the Senior Facilities to April 20, 2024 and extending the PIK interest option until December 31, 2022 (subject to a minimum pro forma liquidity).

As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the borrowing interest rate for the Senior Facilities was 9.25% and 8.25%, respectively.

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Required minimum principal amortization payments under the Senior Facilities, excluding the Revolving Credit Facility, as of December 31, 2021, are as follows:


	Repayment
Dollars in thousands	Amount
2022	$	31,480
2023		—
2024		271,562
2025		—
Total	$	303,042

In addition, the Senior Facilities require RAR to prepay outstanding term loan borrowings, subject to certain exceptions, with:

●

a certain percentage set forth in the Credit Agreement governing the Senior Facilities of RAR’s annual excess cash flow, as defined under the Senior Facilities;

●

a certain percentage of the net cash proceeds of certain non-ordinary course asset sales, other dispositions of property or certain casualty events, in each case subject to certain exceptions and reinvestment rights; and

●

the net cash proceeds of any issuance or incurrence of debt, other than proceeds from debt permitted under the Senior Facilities.

RAR may voluntarily repay outstanding loans that are funded solely by internally generated cash from business operations under the Senior Facilities at any time, without prepayment premium or penalty, except customary “breakage” costs with respect to LIBOR rate loans.

All obligations under the Senior Facilities are unconditionally guaranteed by each of RAR’s existing and future direct and indirect material, wholly- owned domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions, and the direct parent of RAR. The obligations are secured by a pledge of substantially all of RAR’s assets and those of each guarantor, including capital stock of the subsidiary guarantors and 65% of the capital stock of the first-tier foreign subsidiaries that are not subsidiary guarantors, in each case subject to certain exceptions, and its capital stock owned by RAR’s direct parent. Such security interests consist of a first-priority lien with respect to the collateral. For additional information regarding the Senior Facilities, see Note 7: Debt in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Union Revolving Credit Facility

On December 29, 2020, Redbox Entertainment, LLC entered into a four-year, $20.0 million revolving credit facility with Union Bank (the “Union Revolving Credit Facility”). The facility is used exclusively to pay for minimum guarantees, license fees and related distribution expenses for original content obtained under the Company’s Redbox Entertainment label. Borrowings outstanding under the Union Revolving Credit Facility as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were $4.6 million and $2.55 million, respectively.

Borrowings under the Union Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at either the alternate base rate or LIBOR (based on an interest period selected by the Company of one month, three months or six months) in each case plus a margin. The alternate base rate loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to the greatest of (i) the base rate in effect on such day, (ii) the federal funds effective rate in effect on such day plus 1⁄2 of 1.0%, and (iii) daily one month LIBOR plus 1.0%. The revolving credit facility borrowings that are LIBOR loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to the applicable LIBOR plus a margin of 0.50%. The borrowing interest rate for the Union Revolving Credit Facility was 4.25% as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the Union Revolving Credit Facility, Redbox Entertainment, LLC is required to pay a commitment fee at a rate equal to 0.50% per annum to the lenders in respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder.

All obligations under the Union Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by all direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company’s Redbox Entertainment entity.

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As of the period ended December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all applicable loan covenants.

Historical Cash Flows


	Year ended
	December 31,
Dollars in thousands	2021		2020		2019
Net cash (used in) / provided by operating activities	$	(29,240)	$	29,693	$	102,797
Net cash used in investing activities		(12,190)		(19,042)		(31,765)
Net cash provided by / (used in) financing activities		50,981		(9,102)		(74,100)
Total change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	9,551	$	1,549	$	(3,068)

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2021 was $29.2 million compared to cash provided by operating activities of $29.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The $58.9 million decrease in operating cash flows was primarily driven by the following:

●

$71.2 million decrease in net income;

●

$10.0 million increase in net cash inflows from changes in working capital primarily due to an increase in trade payables, partially offset by decrease in content library; and

●

$2.3 million increase in net non-cash income and expense included in net income primarily due to a decrease in depreciation, partially offset by the addition of PIK interest to the principal balance on the Senior Facilities.

Net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2020 was $29.7 million compared to $102.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The $73.1 million decrease in operating cash flows was primarily driven by the following:

●

$61.9 million decrease in net income;

●

$3.8 million decrease in net non-cash income and expense included in net income primarily due to the deferred income tax benefit related to the non-cash amortization of intangible assets that are not deductible for tax purposes; and

●

$7.4 million decrease in net cash inflows from changes in working capital primarily due to a decrease in trade payables, partially offset by lower receivables and a decrease in the content library due to lower content spend in 2020.

Investing Activities

Investing activities reflect a $12.2 million net use of cash during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $19.0 million net use of cash during the year ended December 31, 2020. The decrease is due to less capital expenditures in 2021 compared to 2020, primarily on the Company’s kiosk infrastructure.

Investing activities reflect a $19.0 million net use of cash during the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to $31.8 million net use of cash during the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease is due to less capital expenditures in 2020 compared to 2019, primarily on the Company’s kiosk infrastructure.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $51.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to net cash used in financing activities of $9.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The $60.1 million increase of cash used in financing activities is primarily due to $77.4 million resulting from the Business Combination, $31.7 million in incremental borrowings, partially offset by $54.6 million in repayments on the Senior Facilities.

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Net cash used in financing activities was $9.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to net cash used in financing activities of $74.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The $65.0 million decrease of cash used in financing activities is primarily due to a reduction of quarterly principal obligations that went into effect beginning in September 2020 and cash inflows from $32.6 million in revolver borrowings during 2020.

Contractual Payment Obligations

The following is a summary of contractual obligations and other commitments as of December 31, 2021:


									2026 &
Dollars in thousands	2022		2023		2024		2025		Beyond		Total
Long-term debt⁽¹⁾	$	31,480	$	—	$	271,562	$	—	$	—	$	303,042
Contractual interest on long-term debt⁽¹⁾		26,962		24,092		7,407		—		—		58,461
Revolving credit facilities⁽¹⁾		2,731		—		19,616		—		—		22,347
Capital lease obligations⁽²⁾		2,116		1,010		387		144		—		3,657
Operating lease obligations, net⁽²⁾		3,527		3,045		2,244		1,687		—		10,503
Minimum estimated movie content commitments⁽²⁾		19,860		4,109		—		—		—		23,969
Asset retirement obligations⁽³⁾		—		—		—		—		9,629		9,629
Other⁽⁴⁾		1,152		127		—		—		—		1,279
Total⁽⁵⁾	$	87,828	$	32,383	$	301,216	$	1,831	$	9,629	$	432,887

(1)	See Note 7: Debt in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(2)	See Note 16: Commitments and Contingencies in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(3)

Asset retirement obligations represent estimated amounts the Company is obligated to pay to return the space a kiosk occupies to its original condition upon removal of a kiosk and are presented as occurring in 2025 and beyond as the timing of kiosk removals cannot be reasonably determined. The amount is included as a component of Other long term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(4)	Balance represents primarily firm commitments for service parts for kiosk maintenance/repair/upgrades, and expenditures related to information technology.

(5)

Income tax liabilities for uncertain tax positions were excluded from the Total as the Company is not able to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the amount and period of related future payments. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $0.2 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits for uncertain tax positions.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Other than certain contractual arrangements listed above, the Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. For additional information see Note 16: Commitments and Contingencies in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Inflation

The Company is beginning to see impacts of inflation in various areas of its business, including but not limited to, fuel, labor, parts, insurance, and shipping. The Company expects to see inflationary pressures continue into 2022.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and include amounts based on management’s prudent judgments and estimates. Actual results may differ

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from these estimates. Management believes that any reasonable deviation from those judgments and estimates would not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. To the extent that the estimates used differ from actual results, however, adjustments to the Consolidated Statements of Operations and corresponding Consolidated Balance Sheets accounts would be necessary. These adjustments would be made in future periods. Some of the more significant estimates include goodwill, long-lived assets impairment, content library, and income taxes. The Company uses the following methods to determine its estimates:

Goodwill Impairment — In line with ASC 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if a triggering event occurs or circumstances change that could more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. As part of the Company’s impairment analysis, fair value of a reporting unit is determined using both the income and market approaches. The income approach requires management to estimate a number of factors for each reporting unit, including projected future operating results, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and discount rates. The market approach estimates fair value using comparable marketplace fair value data from within a comparable industry grouping.

During the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company completed a quantitative impairment analysis for goodwill related to its Legacy and Digital reporting units, as a result of the resurgence of COVID-19 due to the Omicron variant on its financial performance. Based on this analysis, the Company concluded the fair value of its Legacy and Digital reporting units exceeded its carrying value by approximately 10% and 292%, respectively, and as such, no impairment charge was recorded.

The determination of the fair value of the Company’s reporting units requires the Company to make significant estimates and assumptions including the business and financial performance of the Company’s reporting units, as well as how such performance may be impacted by COVID-19. These estimates and assumptions primarily include, but are not limited to: the selection of appropriate peer group companies, control premiums appropriate for acquisitions in the industries in which the Company competes, discount rates, terminal growth rates, forecasts of revenue, operating income, depreciation, amortization and capital expenditures, including considering the impact of COVID-19. Certain events or circumstances that could reasonably be expected to negatively affect the underlying key assumptions and ultimately affect the estimated fair values of the Company’s reporting units include such items as: (i) a decrease in expected future new release movie titles resulting from the prolonged effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (ii) an increase in competition across streaming platforms resulting in fewer titles available at Redbox or fewer rental transactions and (iii) the inability to achieve cost savings or growth initiative targets within an expected timeframe.

Although the Company believes its estimates of fair value are reasonable, actual financial results could differ from those estimates due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making such estimates. Changes in assumptions concerning future financial results or other underlying assumptions, including the impact of COVID- 19, could have a significant impact on either the fair value of the reporting units, the amount of any goodwill impairment charges, or both. These estimates can be affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, the impact of COVID-19, its severity, duration and its impact on global economies, general economic conditions as well as the Company’s profitability. The Company will continue to monitor these potential impacts, including the impact of COVID-19 and economic, industry and market trends and the impact these may have on its Legacy and Digital reporting units. See Note 5: Goodwill, in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Lives and Recoverability of Equipment and Other Long-Lived Assets — The Company evaluates the estimated remaining life and recoverability of equipment and other assets, including intangible assets subject to amortization, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Factors that would indicate potential impairment include, but are not limited to, significant decreases in the market value of the long-lived asset(s), a significant change in the long-lived asset’s use or physical condition, and operating or cash flow losses associated with the use of the long-lived asset. When there is an indication of impairment, management prepares an estimate of future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition to test recoverability. If the sum of the future undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying value of the asset, it indicates that the long- lived asset is not recoverable, in which case the Company will then compare the estimated fair value to its carrying value. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value of the asset, the Company recognizes the impairment loss and adjusts the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value.

The determination of the fair value of the Company’s assets requires management to estimate a number of factors including anticipated future cash flows and discount rates. Although the Company believes these estimates are reasonable, actual results could differ from those estimates due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making such estimates.

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Content Library —Content library is comprised of movies available for rent or purchase through the Company’s kiosks as well as movies acquired through the Company’s Redbox Entertainment label.

For movies available for rent or purchase through the Company’s kiosks, movie content is obtained primarily through revenue sharing agreements and license agreements with studios, as well as through distributors and other suppliers. The cost of content mainly includes (1) the costs paid to studios and other vendors to acquire content including revenue share as applicable, (2) costs incurred to label, sort, and ship content to the Company’s kiosks for merchandising, (3) costs incurred to destroy content after use if required under contractual arrangements with studios and (4) indirect taxes, if applicable. For content the Company expects to sell, management determines an estimated salvage value. Content salvage values are estimated based on the historical sales activity. The cost of each title is capitalized and amortized to its estimated salvage value using rental decay curves. Rental decay curves are based on historical performance of movies over their useful lives to allocate content library costs to the periods over which the related revenue are earned. Given the steepness of the rental decay curve, amortization of the content library is recorded on an accelerated basis with substantially all of the content library cost recognized within the first year. The rental decay curves and salvage value of the Company’s content library are periodically reviewed and evaluated.

For movies acquired through the Company’s Redbox Entertainment label, costs include (1) the costs to acquire content, (2) manufacturing costs and (3) supply chain costs. These costs are capitalized as they are incurred and amortized in proportion to the current year's revenue as a percentage of management's estimate of total ultimate revenue, not to exceed the life of the acquired rights. Ultimate revenue estimates are periodically reviewed and adjustments, if any, will result in changes to amortization rates.

Income Taxes — The Company’s income tax expense, deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, and liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits reflect management’s best estimate of current and future taxes to be paid. The Company is subject to income taxes in the United States and Puerto Rico. Significant judgment and estimates are required in the determination of the consolidated income tax expense.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In evaluating its ability to recover its deferred tax assets, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. In projecting future taxable income, the Company begins with historical results and incorporates assumptions about the amount of future pretax operating income adjusted for items that do not have tax consequences. The assumptions about future taxable income require the use of significant judgment and are consistent with the plans and estimates the Company uses to manage the underlying businesses. In evaluating the objective evidence that historical results provide, the Company considers three years of cumulative operating income (loss).

As of December 31, 2021, the Company has state tax credit carryforwards of $0.0 million which will expire at various dates between 2022 and 2026.

The calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions across its operations. ASC 740 states that a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, on the basis of the technical merits.

The Company (1) records unrecognized tax benefits (“UTB’s”) as liabilities in accordance with ASC 740 and (2) adjusts these liabilities when its judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information not previously available. Because of the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from management’s current estimate of the UTB liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in which new information is available.

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the liabilities related to total unrecognized tax benefits were $0.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively, all of which would have an impact on the effective tax rate if recognized. Accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions was $0.0 million and $0.0 million, for each of the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that approximately $0.1 million of its currently remaining unrecognized tax benefits, may be recognized by the end of 2022 as a result of a lapse of the statute of limitations.

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For additional information see Note 17: Income Taxes in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The Company is exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of its business. These risks primarily consist of fluctuations in interest rates.

The Company manages these risks primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its debt funding and by using various derivative financial instruments such as interest rate hedges. The Company enters into derivative instruments with trusted and diverse counterparties to reduce credit risk. These derivative instruments are strictly used for risk management purposes and, accordingly, are not used for trading or speculative purposes.

Interest Rate Risks

The Company is exposed to interest rate volatility with regard to its Senior Facilities. The Company manages this interest rate risk by entering into interest rate derivative agreements to attempt to hedge the variability of future interest payments driven by fluctuations in interest rates.

The Company continually assesses interest rate sensitivity to estimate the impact of rising short-term interest rates on its variable rate debt. The Company’s interest rate risk management strategy is focused on limiting the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows to lower its overall borrowing cost. Historically, the Company has maintained the majority of its overall interest rate exposure on a fixed-rate basis. In order to achieve this, the Company has entered into derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swap agreements when appropriate and will continue to do so as appropriate. See Note 8: Interest Rate Derivatives, in Redbox’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information about interest rate risks managed through derivative activities and notional amounts of underlying hedged items.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

REDBOX ENTERTAINMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Consolidated Financial Statements:	Page
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID Number 248)	66
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2020 and 2021	67
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021	68
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021	69
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021	70
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	71

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors
Redbox Entertainment Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Redbox Entertainment Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Going concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company incurred a net loss of $112.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2021, and as of that date, the Company had cash of $18.5 million, a working capital deficiency of $59.3 million and an accumulated deficit of $333.0 million. These conditions, along with other matters as set forth in Note 1, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.

Chicago, IL

April 15, 2022

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REDBOX ENTERTAINMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Boards:

Quotes:

RDBX