As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on February 5, 2024
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM F-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
BRERA HOLDINGS PLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its
charter)
Not Applicable
(Translation of registrant’s name into English)
Ireland |
|
Not Applicable |
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) |
|
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number) |
Connaught House, 5th Floor
One Burlington Road
Dublin 4
D04 C5Y6
Ireland
+353 1 237 3700
(Address and telephone number of registrant’s
principal executive offices)
Cogency Global
Inc.
122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor
New York, NY 10168
(800) 221-0102
(Name, address, and telephone number of agent
for service) |
Copies to: |
|
Louis A. Bevilacqua, Esq.
Bevilacqua PLLC
1050 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 500
Washington, DC 20036
(202) 869-0888 |
Approximate date of commencement
of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If only securities being
registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐
If any of the securities
being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933,
check the following box. ☒
If this Form is filed to
register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list
the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective
amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement
number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a registration
statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the
Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective
amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional
classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether
the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.
Emerging growth company ☒
If an emerging growth company
that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use
the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section
7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
† | The term “new or revised financial accounting standard”
refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012. |
The registrant hereby amends this registration
statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities
Act or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a),
may determine.
The information in this
prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy
these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION,
DATED FEBRUARY 5, 2024
PROSPECTUS
BRERA HOLDINGS PLC
$100,000,000
Class B Ordinary Shares
Preferred Shares
Debt Securities
Warrants
Rights
Units
We may offer, issue
and sell from time to time our class B ordinary shares, $0.005 nominal value per share (“Class B Ordinary Shares”), preferred
shares, debt securities, warrants, rights or units up to $100,000,000 or its equivalent in any other currency, currency units, or composite
currency or currencies in one or more issuances. We may sell any combination of these securities in one or more offerings.
This prospectus describes
some of the general terms that may apply to these securities and the general manner in which they may be offered. The specific terms
of any securities to be offered, and the specific manner in which they may be offered, will be described in a supplement to this prospectus
or incorporated into this prospectus by reference. You should read this prospectus and any supplement carefully before you invest. Each
prospectus supplement will indicate if the securities offered thereby will be listed or quoted on a securities exchange or quotation
system.
The information contained
or incorporated in this prospectus or in any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, or such prospectus
supplement, as applicable, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of our securities.
Our Class B Ordinary Shares are listed on the
Nasdaq Capital Market tier of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC under the symbol “BREA”. On February 1, 2024, the closing sale
price of our Class B Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market was $1.075.
We will provide the specific terms of the securities,
and the manner in which they will be offered, in one or more supplements to this prospectus. Any supplement may also add, update or change
information contained, or incorporated by reference, in this prospectus. You should read carefully both this prospectus and the applicable
prospectus supplement, together with the additional information described under the headings “Where You Can Find More Information”
and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” before you invest in our securities. The amount and price of the
offered securities will be determined at the time of the offering.
The securities may be offered and sold in the
same offering or in separate offerings, to or through underwriting syndicates managed or co-managed by one or more underwriters, through
agents, or directly to purchasers. The names of any underwriters, dealers or agents involved in the sale of our securities, their compensation
and any option to purchase additional securities held by them will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. For general
information about the distribution of securities offered, please see “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus.
Investing in our securities involves risks.
You should carefully consider the risk factors beginning on page 6 of this prospectus, in any accompanying prospectus
supplement and in any related free writing prospectus, and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus, any accompanying
prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus before making any decision to invest in our securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission
nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus.
Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is ,
2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part
of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration
process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell our securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to
a total dollar amount of $100,000,000 (or its equivalent in foreign or composite currencies).
This prospectus provides
you with a general description of the securities that may be offered. Each time we offer our securities, we will provide you with a supplement
to this prospectus that will describe the specific amounts, prices and terms of the securities we offer. The prospectus supplement may
also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. This prospectus, together with applicable prospectus supplements
and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplements, includes all material information relating
to this offering. Please read carefully both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with additional information described
below under “Where You Can Find More Information.”
You should rely only
on the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement. We have not
authorized anyone to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information,
you should not rely on it. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information
that others may give you. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless
of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of securities described in this prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to
sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
You should not assume
that the information contained in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement is accurate on any date subsequent to the
date set forth on the front of the document or that any information that we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent
to the date of the document incorporated by reference. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have
changed since those dates.
For the avoidance of
doubt, any offer of securities (within the meaning of the Prospectus Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 (the “Prospectus Regulation”))
contained in this prospectus is addressed to less than 150 natural or legal persons per member state of the European Union and accordingly,
there is no legal obligation or requirement to publish this prospectus in the European Union in accordance with the provisions of the
Prospectus Regulation.
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary highlights
selected information that is presented in greater detail elsewhere, or incorporated by reference, in this prospectus. It does not contain
all of the information that may be important to you and your investment decision. Before investing in our securities, you should carefully
read this entire prospectus, including the matters set forth under the section of this prospectus captioned “Risk Factors”
and the financial statements and related notes and other information that we incorporate by reference herein, including, but not limited
to, our annual reports on Form 20-F and our other periodic reports. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,”
“our,” “us,” “our company,” the “Company,” “Brera Holdings,” and similar
references in this prospectus each refer to Brera Holdings PLC, a public company limited by shares incorporated in the Republic of Ireland
and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Company Overview
The information contained
in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus summarizes certain information about our company. It may not contain all of the
information that is important to you. To understand this offering fully, you should read carefully the entire prospectus and the other
information incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
Brera Holdings PLC is
an Irish holding company focused on expanding its social impact football (American soccer) business by developing a global portfolio
of emerging football clubs and other sports clubs with increased opportunities to earn tournament prizes, gain sponsorships, and provide
other professional football- and sports-related consulting services.
We seek to build on
the legacy and brand of Brera FC, the first football club that we acquired in July 2022. Brera FC, known as “The Third Team of
Milan,” is an amateur football association which has been building an alternative football legacy since its founding in 2000. The
Company owns the trademarked FENIX Trophy Tournament, a non-professional pan-European football competition recognized by UEFA, inaugurated
in September 2021 and organized by Brera FC. “FENIX” is an acronym for “Friendly European Non-professional Innovative
Xenial.” BBC Sport has called the FENIX Trophy “the Champions League for amateurs,” and Brera FC hosted the 2023 finals
at Milan’s legendary San Siro Stadium. In October 2022, the Internet Marketing Association at its IMPACT 22 Conference named Brera
FC as its award recipient for “Social Impact Through Soccer,” recognizing the Company’s focus at an international level
with this distinction.
In March 2023, we expanded
to Africa with the establishment of Brera Tchumene FC, a team admitted to the Second Division League for the 2023 season in Mozambique,
a country of nearly 32 million people. Brera Tchumene FC was promoted to the Moçambola, the First Division League, in November
2023, where it will play next season. In April 2023, we acquired 90% of the European first division football team Fudbalski Klub Akademija
Pandev in North Macedonia, a country with participation rights in two major Union of European Football Association (“UEFA”)
competitions.
In June 2023, we acquired,
through open market purchases, a strategic stake in Manchester United PLC, which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. In July 2023,
we completed the acquisition of a majority ownership in the Italian Serie A1 women’s professional volleyball team UYBA Volley S.s.d.a.r.l.
In September 2023, we assumed control of Bayanzurkh Sporting Ilch FC, a team in the Mongolian National Premier League, which will become
Brera Ilch FC when the football season resumes in March 2024.
In January 2024, we
announced the launch of a proactive search for an Italian Serie B football club target designed to bring multi-club ownership of the
highest tiers of professional sports ownership to mass investors through the Company’s Nasdaq-listed shares.
The Company is focused
on bottom-up value creation from undervalued sports clubs and talent, innovation-powered business growth, and socially-impactful outcomes.
We expect that our experience with innovative capital-raising and revenue-generating activities will draw further revenue in the form
of consulting opportunities from football clubs, associations, investors and others.
Corporate Information
We were incorporated
pursuant to the laws of Ireland as Brera Holdings Limited, a private company limited by shares, on June 30, 2022, to become the holding
company for Brera Milano S.r.l., an Italian limited liability company (società a responsabilità limitata). Brera Milano,
the operating company and subsidiary of Brera Holdings Limited, was formed on December 20, 2016, and was named KAP S.r.l. until September
9, 2022. KAP was acquired by us on July 29, 2022. KAP was renamed Brera Milano S.r.l. on September 9, 2022. Brera Holdings Limited re-registered
as an Irish public limited company and was renamed as Brera Holdings PLC on October 27, 2022.
Our corporate address
and registered office are located at Connaught House, 5th Floor, One Burlington Road, Dublin 4, DO4 C5Y6, Ireland. Our company email
address is info@breraholdings.com.
Our agent for service
of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc., 122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10168.
Our website can be found
at https://www.breraholdings.com. The information contained on our website is not a part of this prospectus, nor is such content incorporated
by reference herein, and should not be relied upon in determining whether to make an investment in our Securities.
The Securities We May Offer
We
may use this prospectus to offer any of the following types of securities having an aggregate public offering price of $100,000,000:
| ● | Class
B Ordinary Shares; |
| | |
We
may issue securities of the types listed above which are convertible or exchangeable for other securities so listed. When we decide to
sell a particular class or series of securities, we will provide specific terms of the offered securities in a prospectus supplement.
A prospectus supplement will describe the specific types, amounts, prices, and detailed terms of any of these offered securities and
may describe certain risks associated with an investment in the securities. Terms used in the prospectus supplement will have the meanings
described in this prospectus, unless otherwise specified.
Implications
of Being an Emerging Growth Company
We
are an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Act of 2012, as amended, or the JOBS Act. As a result,
we are permitted to, and have elected to, rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements. These provisions include exemption
from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, in the
assessment of the emerging growth company’s internal control over financial reporting. In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act
also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words,
an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private
companies. We have elected to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Our financial statements may therefore
not be comparable to those of companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.
We
will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which we have total annual
gross revenues of at least $1.235 billion; (ii) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion
of this offering; (iii) the date on which we have, during the preceding three year period, issued more than $1.0 billion in
non-convertible debt; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which could occur if the market value of our ordinary shares that are held by
non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. Once we cease
to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussed above.
Implications
of Being a Foreign Private Issuer
We
are a “foreign private issuer” as defined under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).
As a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain rules under the Exchange Act, including the proxy rules,
which impose certain disclosure and procedural requirements for proxy solicitations. Moreover, we are not required to file periodic reports
and financial statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) as frequently or as promptly as domestic
U.S. companies with securities registered under the Exchange Act, and we are not required to comply with Regulation FD (Fair Disclosure)
promulgated under the Exchange Act, which imposes certain restrictions on the selective disclosure of material information. In addition,
our officers, directors, and principal shareholders will be exempt from the requirements to report transactions in our equity securities
and from the short-swing profit liability provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
In
addition, as a foreign private issuer, we are permitted to follow certain home country corporate governance practices instead of those
otherwise required under the listing rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, or Nasdaq, for domestic U.S. issuers. We may take advantage
of these home country exemptions, including the following:
| ● | Exemption
from filing quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, from filing proxy solicitation materials on Schedule
14A or 14C in connection with annual or special meetings of shareholders, from providing
current reports on Form 8-K disclosing significant events within four days of their occurrence,
and from the disclosure requirements of Regulation FD. |
| ● | Exemption
from Section 16 rules regarding sales of ordinary shares by insiders, which will provide
less data in this regard than shareholders of U.S. companies that are subject to the Exchange
Act. |
| ● | Exemption
from the Nasdaq rules applicable to domestic issuers requiring disclosure within four business
days of any determination to grant a waiver of the code of business conduct and ethics to
directors and officers. Although we will require director approval of any such waiver, we
may choose not to disclose the waiver in the manner set forth in the Nasdaq rules, as permitted
by the foreign private issuer exemption. |
These
exemptions and leniencies will reduce the frequency and scope of information and protections available to you in comparison to those
applicable to U.S. domestic reporting companies.
Risk
Factors Summary
There
are a number of risks that you should consider and understand before making an investment decision regarding securities that we are offering.
You should carefully consider all of the information set forth in this prospectus and, in particular, should evaluate the specific factors
set forth or incorporated by reference in the section titled “Risk Factors” and before deciding whether to invest in our
securities. These risks include, but are not limited to:
Risks
Related to Our Business and Industry
Risks
and uncertainties related to our business and industry include, but are not limited to, the following:
| ● | Our
business is substantially dependent on the popularity and/or competitive success of our acquired teams, which cannot be assured. |
| | |
| ● | We
had a concentration of credit risk because we derived our revenue from a limited number of customers. |
| | |
| ● | We
source our materials from a limited number of suppliers. If we lose one or more of the suppliers, our operation may be disrupted, and
our results of operations may be adversely and materially impacted. |
| | |
| ● | If
we are unable to maintain and enhance our brand and reputation, or if events occur that damage our brand and reputation, our ability
to expand our fanbase, sponsors, and commercial partners or to sell significant quantities of our services may be impaired. |
| | |
| ● | Our
business is dependent upon our ability to attract players and staff, including management, recruiters, and coaches for our acquired clubs. |
| | |
| ● | Injuries
to, and illness of, players in our acquired clubs could hinder our success. |
| | |
| ● | We
may pursue acquisitions and other strategic transactions to complement or expand our business
that may not be successful. |
| ● | If
we are unable to maintain, train and build an effective international sales and marketing
infrastructure, we will not be able to commercialize and grow our brand successfully. |
| | |
| ● | It
may not be possible to renew or replace key commercial and sponsorship agreements on similar
or better terms or attract new sponsors. |
| | |
| ● | There
could be a decline in the popularity of football. |
| | |
| ● | Our
business is subject to seasonal fluctuations and our operating results and cash flow can
vary substantially from period to period. |
| | |
| ● | We
operate in a highly competitive market and there can be no assurance that we will be able
to compete successfully. |
| | |
| ● | Our
digital media strategy may not generate the revenue we anticipate. |
Risks
Related to Our Securities
Risks
and uncertainties related to our securities include, but are not limited to, the following:
| ● | Our
dual class voting structure has the effect of concentrating the voting control to holders
of our Class A Ordinary Shares, which will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate
matters, and your interests may conflict with the interests of these shareholders. It may
also adversely affect the trading market for our Class B Ordinary Shares due to exclusion
from certain stock market indices. |
| | |
| ● | Irish
law differs from the laws in effect in the United States and U.S. investors may have difficulty
enforcing civil liabilities against us, our directors or members of our senior management. |
| ● | We
are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act and as
such we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to U.S. domestic public companies. |
| ● | As
a foreign private issuer, we are permitted to rely on exemptions from certain Nasdaq corporate
governance standards applicable to domestic U.S. issuers. This may afford less protection
to holders of our shares. |
| ● | As
a “controlled company” under the rules of Nasdaq, we may choose to exempt our
company from certain corporate governance requirements that could have an adverse effect
on our public shareholders. |
RISK
FACTORS
An
investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. We operate in a highly competitive environment in which there are numerous
factors which can influence our business, financial position or results of operations and which can also cause the market value of our
Class B Ordinary Shares to decline. Many of these factors are beyond our control and therefore, are difficult to predict. Prior to making
a decision about investing in our securities, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in the sections entitled “Risk
Factors” contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC, and in any applicable prospectus supplement
and our other filings with the SEC and incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement, together
with all of the other information contained in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement. If any of the risks or uncertainties
described in our SEC filings or any prospectus supplement or any additional risks and uncertainties actually occur, our business, financial
condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our securities could
decline and you might lose all or part of your investment.
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This
prospectus contains or incorporates forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act and section 21E
of the Exchange Act. These forward-looking statements are management’s beliefs and assumptions. In addition, other written or oral
statements that constitute forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about the industry
and markets in which we operate and statements may be made by or on our behalf. Words such as “should,” “could,”
“may,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,”
“estimate,” variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These
statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict.
There are a number of important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking
statements.
We
describe material risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could affect our business, including our financial condition and results
of operations, under “Risk Factors” and may update our descriptions of such risks, uncertainties and assumptions in any prospectus
supplement. We base our forward-looking statements on our management’s beliefs and assumptions based on information available to
our management at the time the statements are made. We caution you that actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is
expressed, implied or forecast by our forward-looking statements. Accordingly, you should be careful about relying on any forward-looking
statements. Reference is made in particular to forward-looking statements regarding growth strategies, financial results, product and
service development, competitive strengths, intellectual property rights, litigation, mergers and acquisitions, market acceptance or
continued acceptance of our services, accounting estimates, financing activities, ongoing contractual obligations and sales efforts.
Except as required under the federal securities laws, the rules and regulations of the SEC, stock exchange rules, and other applicable
laws, regulations and rules, we do not have any intention or obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements after the distribution
of this prospectus, whether as a result of new information, future events, changes in assumptions, or otherwise.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
Unless
otherwise indicated in an accompanying prospectus supplement, the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby will be
used for general corporate purposes, which may include working capital, capital expenditures, debt repayment, or acquisitions. Depending
on future events and others changes in the business climate, we may determine at a later time to use the net proceeds for different purposes.
As a result, our management will have broad discretion in the allocation of the net proceeds and investors will be relying on the judgment
of our management regarding the application of the proceeds of any sale of the securities. In the event that any net proceeds are not
immediately applied, we may temporarily hold them as cash, deposit them in banks or invest them in cash equivalents or securities. We
have not allocated any portion of the net proceeds for any particular use at this time. Specific information concerning the use of proceeds
from the sale of any securities will be included in the prospectus supplement relating to the particular offering in which they are sold.
CAPITALIZATION
AND INDEBTEDNESS
Our
capitalization and indebtedness will be set forth in a prospectus supplement to this prospectus or in a report of foreign private issuer
on Form 6-K subsequently furnished to the SEC and specifically incorporated herein by reference.
DESCRIPTION
OF SHARE CAPITAL
The
authorized share capital of the Company currently consists of 350,000,000 shares, consisting of (i) 300,000,000 shares of ordinary shares,
$0.005 nominal value per share, of which 50,000,000 shares are designated Class A Ordinary Shares, $0.005 nominal value per share, and
250,000,000 shares are designated Class B Ordinary Shares, $0.005 nominal value per share, and (ii) 50,000,000 shares of preferred shares,
$0.005 nominal value per share.
As
of February 5, 2024, there were 7,700,000 Class A Ordinary Shares, 3,960,000 Class B Ordinary Shares, excluding 200,000 Class B Ordinary
Shares issuable upon exercise of options and 210,350 Class B Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of warrants, and no preference shares
issued and outstanding.
For
a description of our Class B Ordinary Shares and preferred shares, including the rights and obligations attached thereto, please refer
to Exhibit 2.1 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, which is incorporated by reference
herein.
DESCRIPTION
OF DEBT SECURITIES
The
following is a summary of the general terms of the debt securities that we may issue and is not intended to be complete. If debt securities
are issued, we will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the particular terms and provisions of any series of the debt securities
and a description of how the general terms and provisions described below may apply to that series of the debt securities. The terms
presented here, together with the terms in a related prospectus supplement, will be a description of the material terms of the debt securities.
You should also read the indenture under which the debt securities are to be issued. We have filed a form of indenture governing different
types of debt securities with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. All capitalized
terms have the meanings specified in the indenture.
We
may issue, from time to time, debt securities, in one or more series, that will consist of senior debt, senior subordinated debt or subordinated
debt. We refer to the subordinated debt securities and the senior subordinated debt securities together as the subordinated securities.
The debt securities that we may offer will be issued under an indenture between us and an entity, identified in the applicable prospectus
supplement, as trustee. Debt securities, whether senior, senior subordinated or subordinated, may be issued as convertible debt securities
or exchangeable debt securities. The following is a summary of the material provisions of the indenture filed as an exhibit to the registration
statement of which this prospectus is a part.
As
you read this section, please remember that for each series of debt securities, the specific terms of your debt security as described
in the applicable prospectus supplement will supplement and, if applicable, may modify or replace the general terms described in the
summary below. The statement we make in this section may not apply to your debt security. Prospective investors should rely on information
in the applicable prospectus supplement and not on the following information to the extent that the information in such prospectus supplement
is different from the following information.
General
Terms of the Indenture
The
indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. It provides that we may issue debt securities up to the principal
amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or currency unit that we may designate. We may, without the consent of the holders
of any series, increase the principal amount of securities in that series in the future, on the same terms and conditions and with the
same CUSIP numbers as that series. Except for the limitations on consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets
contained in the indenture, the terms of the indenture do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any
debt securities protection against changes in our operations, financial condition or transactions involving us.
We
may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as “discount securities,” which means they may be sold at a discount
below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may be
issued with “original issue discount”, or OID, for U.S. federal income tax purposes because of interest payment and other
characteristics. Material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with original issue discount will
be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.
The
applicable prospectus supplement for a series of debt securities that we issue will describe, among other things, the following terms
of the offered debt securities:
| ● | the
title and authorized denominations of the series of debt securities; |
| ● | any
limit on the aggregate principal amount of the series of debt securities; |
| ● | whether
such debt securities will be issued in fully registered form without coupons or in a form registered as to principal only with coupons
or in bearer form with coupons; |
| ● | whether
issued in the form of one or more global securities and whether all or a portion of the principal amount of the debt securities is represented
thereby; |
| ● | the
price or prices at which the debt securities will be issued; |
| ● | the
date or dates on which principal is payable; |
| ● | the
place or places where and the manner in which principal, premium or interest, if any, will be payable and the place or places where the
debt securities may be presented for transfer and, if applicable, conversion or exchange; |
| ● | interest
rates, and the dates from which interest, if any, will accrue, and the dates when interest is payable and the maturity; |
| ● | the
right, if any, to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of the extensions; |
| ● | our
rights or obligations to redeem or purchase the debt securities; |
| ● | any
sinking fund or other provisions that would obligate us to repurchase or otherwise redeem some or all of the debt securities; |
| ● | conversion
or exchange provisions, if any, including conversion or exchange prices or rates and adjustments thereto; |
| ● | the
currency or currencies of payment of principal or interest; |
| ● | the
terms applicable to any debt securities issued at a discount from their stated principal amount; |
| ● | the
terms, if any, under which any debt securities will rank junior to any of our other debt; |
| ● | whether
and upon what terms the debt securities may be defeased, if different from the provisions set forth in the indenture; |
| ● | if
the amount of payments of principal or interest is to be determined by reference to an index or formula, or based on a coin or currency
other than that in which the debt securities are stated to be payable, the manner in which these amounts are determined and the calculation
agent, if any, with respect thereto; |
| ● | the
provisions, if any, relating to any collateral provided for the debt securities; |
| ● | if
other than the entire principal amount of the debt securities when issued, the portion of the principal amount payable upon acceleration
of maturity as a result of a default on our obligations; |
| ● | the
events of default and covenants relating to the debt securities that are in addition to, modify or delete those described in this prospectus; |
| ● | the
nature and terms of any security for any secured debt securities; and |
| ● | any
other specific terms of any debt securities. |
The
applicable prospectus supplement will present material U.S. federal income tax considerations for holders of any debt securities and
the securities exchange or quotation system on which any debt securities are to be listed or quoted.
Senior
Debt Securities
Payment
of the principal of, premium and interest, if any, on senior debt securities will rank on a parity with all of our other secured/unsecured
and unsubordinated debt.
Senior
Subordinated Debt Securities
Payment
of the principal of, premium and interest, if any, on senior subordinated debt securities will be junior in right of payment to the prior
payment in full of all of our unsubordinated debt, including senior debt securities and any credit facility. We will state in the applicable
prospectus supplement relating to any senior subordinated debt securities the subordination terms of the securities as well as the aggregate
amount of outstanding debt, as of the most recent practicable date, that by its terms would be senior to the senior subordinated debt
securities. We will also state in such prospectus supplement limitations, if any, on issuance of additional senior debt.
Subordinated
Debt Securities
Payment
of the principal of, premium and interest, if any, on subordinated debt securities will be subordinated and junior in right of payment
to the prior payment in full of all of our senior debt, including our senior debt securities and senior subordinated debt securities.
We will state in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any subordinated debt securities the subordination terms of the securities
as well as the aggregate amount of outstanding indebtedness, as of the most recent practicable date, that by its terms would be senior
to the subordinated debt securities. We will also state in such prospectus supplement limitations, if any, on issuance of additional
senior indebtedness.
Conversion
or Exchange Rights
Debt
securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for other securities being registered in this registration statement, including, for
example, shares of our equity securities. The terms and conditions of conversion or exchange will be stated in the applicable prospectus
supplement. The terms will include, among others, the following:
| ● | the
conversion or exchange price; |
| ● | the
conversion or exchange period; |
| ● | provisions
regarding the ability of us or the holder to convert or exchange the debt securities; |
| ● | events
requiring adjustment to the conversion or exchange price; and |
| ● | provisions
affecting conversion or exchange in the event of our redemption of the debt securities. |
Consolidation,
Merger or Sale
We
cannot consolidate or merge with or into, or transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets to, any person, and we cannot permit
any other person to consolidate with or merge into us, unless (1) we will be the continuing corporation or (2) the successor corporation
or person to which our assets are transferred or leased is a corporation organized under the laws of the United States, any state of
the United States or the District of Columbia and it expressly assumes our obligations under the debt securities and the indenture. In
addition, we cannot complete such a transaction unless immediately after completing the transaction, no event of default under the indenture,
and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an event of default under the indenture, shall have occurred
and be continuing. When the person to whom our assets are transferred or leased has assumed our obligations under the debt securities
and the indenture, we shall be discharged from all our obligations under the debt securities and the indenture except in limited circumstances.
This
covenant would not apply to any recapitalization transaction, a change of control of us or a highly leveraged transaction, unless the
transaction or change of control were structured to include a merger or consolidation or transfer or lease of all or substantially all
of our assets.
Events
of Default
The
term “Event of Default,” when used in the indenture, unless otherwise indicated, means any of the following:
| ● | failure
to pay interest for 30 days after the date payment is due and payable; |
| ● | failure
to pay principal or premium, if any, on any debt security when due, either at maturity, upon any redemption, by declaration or otherwise; |
| ● | failure
to make sinking fund payments when due; |
| ● | failure
to perform other covenants for 60 days after notice that performance was required; |
| ● | events
in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization relating to us; or |
| ● | any
other Event of Default provided in the applicable officer’s certificate, resolution of our board of directors or the supplemental
indenture under which we issue a series of debt securities. |
An
Event of Default for a particular series of debt securities does not necessarily constitute an Event of Default for any other series
of debt securities issued under the indenture.
If
an Event of Default with respect to any series of senior debt securities occurs and is continuing, then either the trustee for such series
or the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series, by notice in writing, may
declare the principal amount of and interest on all of the debt securities of such series to be due and payable immediately; provided,
however, unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, if such an Event of Default occurs and is continuing with
respect to more than one series of senior debt securities under the indenture, the trustee for such series or the holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all such series of senior debt securities of equal ranking (or, if
any of such senior debt securities are discount securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of
that series), voting as one class, may make such declaration of acceleration as to all series of such equal ranking and not the holders
of the debt securities of any one of such series of senior debt securities.
If
an Event of Default with respect to any series of subordinated securities occurs and is continuing, then either the trustee for such
series or the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series, by notice in writing,
may declare the principal amount of and interest on all of the debt securities of such series to be due and payable immediately; provided,
however, unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, if such an Event of Default occurs and is continuing with
respect to more than one series of subordinated securities under the indenture, the trustee for such series or the holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all such series of subordinated securities of equal ranking (or,
if any of such subordinated securities are discount securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms
of that series), voting as one class, may make such declaration of acceleration as to all series of equal ranking and not the holders
of the debt securities of any one of such series of subordinated securities. The holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the debt securities of all affected series of equal ranking may, after satisfying certain conditions, rescind and annul any
of the above-described declarations and consequences involving such series.
If
an Event of Default relating to events in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of us occurs and is continuing, then the principal
amount of all of the debt securities outstanding, and any accrued interest, will automatically become due and payable immediately, without
any declaration or other act by the trustee or any holder.
The
indenture imposes limitations on suits brought by holders of debt securities against us. Except for actions for payment of overdue principal
or interest, no holder of debt securities of any series may institute any action against us under the indenture unless:
| ● | the
holder has previously given to the trustee written notice of default and continuance of such default; |
| ● | the
holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the affected series of equal ranking have
requested that the trustee institute the action; |
| ● | the
requesting holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity for expenses and liabilities that may be incurred by bringing the action; |
| ● | the
trustee has not instituted the action within 60 days of the request; and |
| ● | the
trustee has not received inconsistent direction by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of
the affected series of equal ranking. |
We
will be required to file annually with the trustee a certificate, signed by one of our officers, stating whether or not the officer knows
of any default by us in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any condition or covenant of the indenture.
Registered
Global Securities and Book Entry System
The
debt securities of a series may be issued in whole or in part in book-entry form and may be represented by one or more fully registered
global securities or in unregistered form with or without coupons. We will deposit any registered global securities with a depositary
or with a nominee for a depositary identified in the applicable prospectus supplement and registered in the name of such depositary or
nominee. In such case, we will issue one or more registered global securities denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal
amount of all of the debt securities of the series to be issued and represented by such registered global security or securities. This
means that we will not issue certificates to each holder.
Unless
and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for debt securities in definitive registered form, a registered global security may not
be transferred except as a whole:
| ● | by
the depositary for such registered global security to its nominee; |
| ● | by
a nominee of the depositary to the depositary or another nominee of the depositary; or |
| ● | by
the depositary or its nominee to a successor of the depositary or a nominee of the successor. |
The
prospectus supplement relating to a series of debt securities will describe the specific terms of the depositary arrangement involving
any portion of the series represented by a registered global security. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all
depositary arrangements for registered debt securities:
| ● | ownership
of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be limited to persons that have accounts with the depositary for such registered
global security, these persons being referred to as “participants,” or persons that may hold interests through participants; |
| ● | upon
the issuance of a registered global security, the depositary for the registered global security will credit, on its book-entry registration
and transfer system, the participants’ accounts with the respective principal amounts of the debt securities represented by the
registered global security beneficially owned by the participants; |
| ● | any
dealers, underwriters, or agents participating in the distribution of the debt securities represented by a registered global security
will designate the accounts to be credited; and |
| ● | ownership
of beneficial interest in such registered global security will be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership interest will be effected
only through, records maintained by the depositary for such registered global security for interests of participants, and on the records
of participants for interests of persons holding through participants. |
The
laws of some states may require that specified purchasers of securities take physical delivery of the securities in definitive form.
These laws may limit the ability of those persons to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in registered global securities.
So
long as the depositary for a registered global security, or its nominee, is the registered owner of such registered global security,
the depositary or such nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by
the registered global security for all purposes under the indenture. Except as stated below, owners of beneficial interests in a registered
global security:
| ● | will
not be entitled to have the debt securities represented by a registered global security registered in their names; |
| ● | will
not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the debt securities in the definitive form; and |
| ● | will
not be considered the owners or holders of the debt securities under the relevant indenture. |
Accordingly,
each person owning a beneficial interest in a registered global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary for the registered
global security and, if the person is not a participant, on the procedures of a participant through which the person owns its interest,
to exercise any rights of a holder under the indenture.
We
understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a registered
global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the indenture, the depositary for
the registered global security would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take the action,
and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through the participants to give or take the action or would otherwise
act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.
We
will make payments of principal and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on debt securities represented by a registered global security
registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owners
of the registered global security. None of us, the trustee or any other agent of ours or the trustee will be responsible or liable for
any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, beneficial ownership interests in the registered global security
or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to the beneficial ownership interests.
We
expect that the depositary for any debt securities represented by a registered global security, upon receipt of any payments of principal
and premium, if any, and interest, if any, in respect of the registered global security, will immediately credit participants’
accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the registered global security as shown on
the records of the depositary. We also expect that standing customer instructions and customary practices will govern payments by participants
to owners of beneficial interests in the registered global security held through the participants, as is now the case with the securities
held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name.” We also expect that any of these payments
will be the responsibility of the participants.
If
the depositary for any debt securities represented by a registered global security is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as
depositary or stops being a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, we will appoint an eligible successor depositary. If we
fail to appoint an eligible successor depositary within 90 days, we will issue the debt securities in definitive form in exchange for
the registered global security. In addition, we may at any time and in our sole discretion decide not to have any of the debt securities
of a series represented by one or more registered global securities. In that event, we will issue debt securities of the series in a
definitive form in exchange for all of the registered global securities representing the debt securities. The trustee will register any
debt securities issued in definitive form in exchange for a registered global security in the name or names as the depositary, based
upon instructions from its participants, who shall instruct the trustee.
We
may also issue bearer debt securities of a series in the form of one or more global securities, referred to as “bearer global securities.”
The prospectus supplement relating to a series of debt securities represented by a bearer global security will describe the applicable
terms and procedures. These will include the specific terms of the depositary arrangement and any specific procedures for the issuance
of debt securities in definitive form in exchange for a bearer global security, in proportion to the series represented by a bearer global
security.
Discharge,
Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance
We
can discharge or decrease our obligations under the indenture as stated below.
We
may discharge obligations to holders of any series of debt securities that have not already been delivered to the trustee for cancellation
and that have either become due and payable or are by their terms to become due and payable, or are scheduled for redemption, within
sixty (60) days. We may effect a discharge by irrevocably depositing with the trustee cash or U.S. government obligations, as trust
funds, in an amount certified to be enough to pay when due, whether at maturity, upon redemption or otherwise, the principal of, premium
and interest, if any, on the debt securities and any mandatory sinking fund payments.
Unless
otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may also discharge any and all of our obligations to holders of any series
of debt securities at any time, which we refer to as defeasance. We may also be released from the obligations imposed by any covenants
of any outstanding series of debt securities and provisions of the indenture, and we may omit to comply with those covenants without
creating an event of default under the trust declaration, which we refer to as covenant defeasance. We may effect defeasance and covenant
defeasance only if, among other things:
| ● | we
irrevocably deposit with the trustee cash or U.S. government obligations, as trust funds, in an amount certified to be enough to pay
at maturity, or upon redemption, the principal, premium and interest, if any, on all outstanding debt securities of the series; |
| ● | we
deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel from a nationally recognized law firm to the effect that the holders of the series of debt
securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the defeasance or covenant defeasance
and that defeasance or covenant defeasance will not otherwise alter the holders’ U.S. federal income tax treatment of principal,
premium and interest, if any, payments on the series of debt securities; and |
| ● | in
the case of subordinated debt securities, no event or condition shall exist that, based on the subordination provisions applicable to
the series, would prevent us from making payments of principal of, premium and interest, if any, on any of the applicable subordinated
debt securities at the date of the irrevocable deposit referred to above or at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after
the deposit date. |
In
the case of a defeasance by us, the opinion we deliver must be based on a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service issued, or a change
in U.S. federal income tax law occurring, after the date of the indenture, since such a result would not occur under the U.S. federal
income tax laws in effect on such date.
Although
we may discharge or decrease our obligations under the indenture as described in the two preceding paragraphs, we may not avoid, among
other things, our duty to register the transfer or exchange of any series of debt securities, to replace any temporary, mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen series of debt securities or to maintain an office or agency in respect of any series of debt securities.
Modification
of the Indenture
The
indenture provides that we and the trustee may enter into supplemental indentures without the consent of the holders of debt securities
to:
| ● | secure
any debt securities and provide the terms and conditions for the release or substitution of the security; |
| ● | evidence
the assumption by a successor corporation of our obligations; |
| ● | add
covenants for the protection of the holders of debt securities; |
| ● | add
any additional events of default; |
| ● | cure
any ambiguity or correct any inconsistency or defect in the indenture; |
| ● | add
to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of the indenture in a manner that will become effective only when there is no outstanding
debt security which is entitled to the benefit of the provision as to which the modification would apply; |
| ● | establish
the forms or terms of debt securities of any series; |
| ● | eliminate
any conflict between the terms of the indenture and the Trust Indenture Act of 1939; |
| ● | evidence
and provide for the acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee and add to or change any of the provisions of the indenture as is
necessary for the administration of the trusts by more than one trustee; and |
| ● | make
any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the indenture that will not be inconsistent with any provision
of the indenture as long as the new provisions do not adversely affect the interests of the holders of any outstanding debt securities
of any series created prior to the modification. |
The
indenture also provides that we and the trustee may, with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal
amount of debt securities of all series of senior debt securities or of Subordinated Securities of equal ranking, as the case may be,
then outstanding and affected, voting as one class, add any provisions to, or change in any manner, eliminate or modify in any way the
provisions of, the indenture or modify in any manner the rights of the holders of the debt securities. We and the trustee may not, however,
without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security affected thereby:
| ● | extend
the final maturity of any debt security; |
| ● | reduce
the principal amount or premium, if any; |
| ● | reduce
the rate or extend the time of payment of interest; |
| ● | reduce
any amount payable on redemption or impair or affect any right of redemption at the option of the holder of the debt security; |
| ● | change
the currency in which the principal, premium or interest, if any, is payable; |
| ● | reduce
the amount of the principal of any debt security issued with an original issue discount that is payable upon acceleration or provable
in bankruptcy; |
| ● | alter
provisions of the relevant indenture relating to the debt securities not denominated in U.S. dollars; |
| ● | impair
the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on any debt security when due; |
| ● | if
applicable, adversely affect the right of a holder to convert or exchange a debt security; or |
| ● | reduce
the percentage of holders of debt securities of any series whose consent is required for any modification of the indenture. |
The
indenture provides that the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding debt securities
of any and all affected series of equal ranking, by notice to the relevant trustee, may on behalf of the holders of the debt securities
of any and all such series of equal ranking waive any default and its consequences under the indenture except:
| ● | a
continuing default in the payment of interest on, premium, if any, or principal of, any such debt security held by a non-consenting holder;
or |
| ● | a
default in respect of a covenant or provision of the indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of
each outstanding debt security of each series affected. |
Concerning
the Trustee
The
indenture provides that there may be more than one trustee under the indenture, each for one or more series of debt securities. If there
are different trustees for different series of debt securities, each trustee will be a trustee of a trust under the indenture separate
and apart from the trust administered by any other trustee under that indenture.
Except
as otherwise indicated in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, any action permitted to be taken by a trustee may be taken by
such trustee only on the one or more series of debt securities for which it is the trustee under the indenture. Any trustee under the
indenture may resign or be removed from one or more series of debt securities. All payments of principal of, premium and interest, if
any, on, and all registration, transfer, exchange, authentication and delivery of, the debt securities of a series will be effected by
the trustee for that series at an office designated by the trustee.
If
the trustee becomes a creditor of ours, the indenture places limitations on the right of the trustee to obtain payment of claims or to
realize on property received in respect of any such claim as security or otherwise. The trustee may engage in other transactions. If
it acquires any conflicting interest relating to any duties concerning the debt securities, however, it must eliminate the conflict or
resign as trustee.
The
holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of any and all affected series of debt securities of equal ranking then outstanding
will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy available to the trustee
concerning the applicable series of debt securities, provided that the direction:
|
● |
would not conflict with
any rule of law or with the relevant indenture; |
|
● |
would not be unduly prejudicial
to the rights of another holder of the debt securities; and |
|
● |
would not involve any trustee
in personal liability. |
The
indenture provides that in case an Event of Default shall occur, not be cured and be known to any trustee, the trustee must use the same
degree of care as a prudent person would use in the conduct of his or her own affairs in the exercise of the trustee’s power. The
trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request of any of the holders
of the debt securities, unless they shall have offered to the trustee security and indemnity satisfactory to the trustee.
No
Individual Liability of Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers or Directors
No
recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of this Indenture, or of any debt security thereunder, or for any claim
based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, as such, past,
present or future, of the Company or of any successor corporation, either directly or through the Company, whether by virtue of any constitution,
statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly understood that this Indenture
and the obligations issued hereunder are solely corporate obligations of the Company, and that no such personal liability whatever shall
attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the incorporators, stockholders, officers or directors, as such, of the Company or of any successor
corporation, or any of them.
Governing
Law
The
indenture and the debt securities will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.
DESCRIPTION
OF WARRANTS
We
may issue warrants for the purchase of our Class B Ordinary Shares, preferred shares, and/or debt securities in one or more series. We
may issue warrants independently or together with our Class B Ordinary Shares, preferred shares and/or debt securities, and the warrants
may be attached to or traded separate and apart from these securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a warrant agreement
as set forth in the prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement or term sheet will describe the terms of the warrants
offered thereby, any warrant agreement relating to such warrants and the warrant certificates, including but not limited to the following:
|
● |
the title of the warrants; |
|
● |
the offering price or prices
of the warrants, if any; |
|
● |
the minimum or maximum
amount of the warrants which may be exercised at any one time; |
|
● |
the currency or currency
units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable; |
|
● |
the number of securities,
if any, with which such warrants are being offered and the number of such warrants being offered with each security; |
|
● |
the date, if any, on and
after which such warrants and the related securities, if any, will be transferable separately; |
|
● |
the amount of securities
purchasable upon exercise of each warrant and the price at which the securities may be purchased upon such exercise, and events or
conditions under which the amount of securities may be subject to adjustment; |
|
● |
the date on which the right
to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire; |
|
● |
the circumstances, if any,
which will cause the warrants to be deemed to be automatically exercised; |
|
● |
any material risk factors,
if any, relating to such warrants; |
|
● |
the identity of any warrant
agent; and |
|
● |
any other material terms
of the warrants. |
Prior
to the exercise of any warrants, holders of such warrants will not have any rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such
exercise, including the right to receive payments of dividends or the right to vote such underlying securities. Prospective purchasers
of warrants should be aware that material U.S. federal income tax, accounting and other considerations may be applicable to instruments
such as warrants.
DESCRIPTION
OF RIGHTS
We
may issue rights to purchase our Class B Ordinary Shares, preferred shares, debt securities or other securities. Rights may be issued
independently or together with any other offered security and may or may not be transferable by the person purchasing or receiving the
rights. In connection with any rights offering, we may enter into a standby underwriting or other arrangement with one or more underwriters
or other persons pursuant to which such underwriters or other persons would purchase any offered securities remaining unsubscribed for
after such rights offering. Each series of rights will be issued under a separate rights agent agreement to be entered into between us
and one or more banks, trust companies, or other financial institutions, as rights agent, that we will name in the applicable prospectus
supplement. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the rights and will not assume any obligation or relationship
of agency or trust for or with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights.
The
prospectus supplement relating to any rights that we offer will include specific terms relating to the offering, including, among other
matters:
| ● | the
date of determining the security holders entitled to the rights distribution; |
| ● | the
aggregate number of rights issued and the aggregate amount of securities purchasable upon
exercise of the rights; |
| ● | the
exercise price for the rights; |
| ● | the
conditions to completion of the rights offering; |
| ● | the
date on which the right to exercise the rights will commence and the date on which the right
will expire; |
| ● | the
extent to which such subscription rights are transferable; |
| ● | if
applicable, a discussion of the material Irish or United States federal income tax considerations
applicable to the issuance or exercise of such subscription rights; |
| ● | any
other terms of the rights, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange
and exercise of the rights; |
| ● | the
extent to which the rights include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed
securities; and |
| ● | the
material terms of any standby underwriting agreement or other arrangement entered into by
us in connection with the rights offering. |
Each
right would entitle the holder of the rights to purchase for cash the principal amount of securities at the exercise price set forth
in the applicable prospectus supplement. Rights may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date for the
rights provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, all unexercised rights will
become void.
If
less than all of the rights issued in any rights offering are exercised, we may offer any unsubscribed securities directly to persons
other than our security holders, to or through agents, underwriters, or dealers, or through a combination of such methods, including
pursuant to standby arrangements, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
DESCRIPTION
OF UNITS
We
may issue units comprised of one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus in any combination. Each unit will be issued
so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights
and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities
included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.
The
applicable prospectus supplement may describe:
|
● |
the designation and terms
of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held
or transferred separately; |
|
● |
any provisions for the
issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; and |
|
● |
any additional terms of
the governing unit agreement. |
The
applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any units. The preceding description and any description of units in the
applicable prospectus supplement does not purport to be complete and is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the
unit agreement and, if applicable, collateral arrangements and depositary arrangements relating to such units.
TAXATION
Our
most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F provides a discussion of certain tax considerations that may be relevant to prospective investors
in our securities. The applicable prospectus supplement may also contain information about certain material tax considerations relating
to the securities covered by such prospectus supplement. You should consult your own tax advisors prior to acquiring any of our securities.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
We
may sell the securities offered by this prospectus in any one or more of the following ways (or in any combination) from time to time:
|
● |
directly to investors,
including through privately negotiated transactions, a specific bidding, auction or other process; |
|
● |
to investors through agents; |
|
● |
to or through underwriters
or dealers; |
|
● |
in “at the market”
offerings, within the meaning of the Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act, to or through a market maker or into an existing trading
market on an exchange or otherwise; |
|
● |
through a combination of
any such methods of sale; or |
|
● |
through any other method
permitted by applicable law and described in the applicable prospectus supplement. |
The
accompanying prospectus supplement will set forth the terms of the offering and the method of distribution and will identify any firms
acting as underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering, including:
|
● |
the names and addresses
of any underwriters, dealers or agents; |
|
● |
the purchase price of the
securities and the proceeds to us from the sale, if any; |
|
● |
any over-allotment options
under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us; |
|
● |
any underwriting discounts
and other items constituting compensation to underwriters, dealers or agents; |
|
● |
any public offering price,
any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and |
|
● |
any securities exchange
or market on which the securities offered in the prospectus supplement may be listed. |
If
underwriters are used in the sale, the underwriters will acquire the offered securities for their own account and may resell them from
time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined
at the time of sale. The offered securities may be offered either to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by one or
more managing underwriters or by one or more underwriters without a syndicate. Unless otherwise set forth in a prospectus supplement,
the obligations of the underwriters to purchase any series of securities will be subject to certain conditions precedent and the underwriters
will be obligated to purchase all of such series of securities if any are purchased. Only those underwriters identified in such prospectus
supplement are deemed to be underwriters in connection with the securities offered in the prospectus supplement. Any underwritten offering
may be on a best efforts or a firm commitment basis.
In
connection with the sale of our securities, underwriters or agents may receive compensation (in the form of discounts, concessions or
commissions) from us, or from purchasers of securities for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters may sell securities to or through
dealers, and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or
commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution
of our securities may be deemed to be “underwriters” as that term is defined in the Securities Act, and any discounts allowed
or commissions paid, and any profit on the resale of the securities they realize may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions
under the Securities Act. Any person who may be deemed to be an underwriter will be identified, and the compensation received from us
will be described, in the prospectus supplement. Maximum compensation to any underwriters, dealers or agents will not exceed any applicable
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) limitations.
Underwriters
and agents may be entitled to indemnification by us against some civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or
to contributions with respect to payments which the underwriters or agents may be required to make relating to these liabilities. Underwriters
and agents may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.
Unless
otherwise specified in the related prospectus supplement, each series of securities will be a new issue with no established trading market,
other than our Class B Ordinary Shares, which are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Any Class B Ordinary Shares sold pursuant to a
prospectus supplement will be listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, subject to official notice of issuance. We may elect to list any preferred
shares, warrants, debt securities, rights, or units on an exchange, but we are not obligated to do so. It is possible that one or more
underwriters may make a market in the securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market
making at any time without notice. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of, or the trading market for, any offered securities.
The
aggregate proceeds to us from the sale of our securities will be the purchase price of our securities less discounts or commissions,
if any. We reserve the right to accept and, together with our agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed
purchase of our securities to be made directly or through agents.
To
facilitate the offering of the securities offered by us, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that
stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales, which involve the
sale by persons participating in the offering of more shares than were sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would cover
such over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option, if any.
In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of our securities by bidding for or purchasing shares in the open market
or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if shares
sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain
the market price of our securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be
discontinued at any time.
EXPENSES
OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
The
following table sets forth the various expenses in connection with the sale and distribution of the securities being registered. We will
bear all of the expenses shown below.
SEC registration fee |
|
$ |
14,760.00 |
|
Printing expenses |
|
|
* |
|
Legal fees and expenses |
|
|
* |
|
Accounting fees and expenses |
|
|
* |
|
Transfer agent fees and expenses |
|
|
* |
|
Miscellaneous |
|
|
* |
|
Total |
|
$ |
* |
|
*The
amount of securities and number of offerings are indeterminable, and the expenses cannot be estimated at this time. The applicable prospectus
supplement will set forth the estimated aggregate amount of expenses payable in respect of any offering of securities.
LEGAL
MATTERS
Except
as otherwise set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, the validity of any securities offered pursuant to this prospectus and
certain other legal matters as to Irish law will be passed upon for us by Philip Lee LLP, Dublin, Ireland. Certain other legal matters
relating to U.S. federal law and the laws of the State of New York will be passed upon for us by Bevilacqua PLLC.
If
legal matters in connection with offerings made pursuant to this prospectus are passed upon by counsel to underwriters, dealers or agents,
such counsel will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any such offering.
EXPERTS
Our
consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for the years then ended incorporated in this prospectus by reference
to the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of TAAD LLP,
an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. The offices
of TAAD LLP are located at 20955 Pathfinder Rd, Suite 370, Diamond Bar, CA 91765.
INDEMNIFICATION
Insofar
as indemnification by us for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling
the company pursuant to provisions of our constitution, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification
is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
by such director, officer or controlling person of us in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being offered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel
the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification
by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
ENFORCEMENT
OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We
were incorporated under the laws of Ireland. Some of our directors and officers reside outside of the United States. Service of process
upon such persons may be difficult or impossible to effect within the United States. Furthermore, because most of our assets, and some
of the assets of our directors and officers, are located outside of the United States, any judgment obtained in the United States, including
a judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of United States federal securities laws, against us or any of such persons may
not be collectible within the United States. It also may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to assert United
States securities laws claims in original actions instituted in Ireland.
In
addition, it may not be possible to enforce court judgments obtained in the United States against us in Ireland based on the civil liability
provisions of the U.S. federal or state securities laws. The United States currently does not have a treaty with Ireland providing for
the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters.
The
following requirements must be met before a judgment of a U.S. court will be deemed to be enforceable in Ireland:
| ● | the
judgment must be for a definite sum; |
| | |
| ● | the
judgment must be final and conclusive; and |
| ● | the
judgment must be provided by a court of competent jurisdiction. |
An
Irish court will also exercise its right to refuse enforcement if the U.S. judgment was obtained by fraud, if the judgment violates Irish
public policy, if the judgment is in breach of natural or constitutional justice or if it is irreconcilable with an earlier foreign judgment.
There is some uncertainty as to whether the courts of Ireland would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us
or our directors or officers based on the civil liabilities provisions of the U.S. federal or state securities laws or hear actions against
us or those persons based on those laws. Therefore, a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any U.S. federal or state court
based on civil liability, whether or not based solely on U.S. federal or state securities laws, would not automatically be enforceable
in Ireland.
Foreign
judgments enforced by Irish courts generally will be payable in euros. An Irish court hearing an action to recover an amount in a non-Irish
currency will render judgment for the equivalent amount in Irish currency.
Our
agent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc.,122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10168, (800)
221-0102.
MATERIAL
CHANGES
Except
for the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 incorporated by reference
and as otherwise disclosed in this prospectus, there have been no reportable material changes that have occurred since December 31, 2022,
and that have not been described in a report on Form 6-K furnished under the Exchange Act and incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
This
prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form F-3 that we filed with the SEC registering the securities that may be offered
and sold hereunder. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information
set forth in the registration statement, the exhibits filed therewith or the documents incorporated by reference therein. For further
information about us and the securities offered hereby, reference is made to the registration statement, the exhibits filed therewith
and the documents incorporated by reference therein. Statements contained in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or
any other document that is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are not necessarily complete, and in each instance, we refer
you to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. We are required to file reports
and other information with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, including annual reports on Form 20-F and reports on Form 6-K.
The
SEC maintains a website that contains reports and other information regarding issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC.
The address of the website is www.sec.gov. The information on our website (https://www.breraholdings.com), other than our SEC filings,
is not, and should not be, considered part of this prospectus and is not incorporated by reference into this document.
As
a foreign private issuer, we are exempt under the Exchange Act from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content
of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery
provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports
and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange
Act.
INCORPORATION
OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The
SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with it into this prospectus. This means that we can
disclose important information about us and our financial condition to you by referring you to another document filed separately with
the SEC instead of having to repeat the information in this prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be
part of this prospectus and later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We
incorporate by reference into this prospectus the information contained in the documents listed below and any future filings made by
us with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, except for information “furnished” to the SEC which
is not deemed filed and not incorporated by reference into this prospectus (unless otherwise indicated below), until the termination
of the offering of securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement:
| ● | the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022,
filed with the SEC on May 1, 2023; |
| ● | the
Company’s Reports on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on February 1, 2023, February 15, 2023, March 29, 2023, June 12, 2023, June 14, 2023, July 6, 2023, September 1, 2023,
October 6, 2023, December 8, 2023, and December 29, 2023, containing our unaudited consolidated
financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022; and |
| ● | the
description of the Company’s Class B Ordinary Shares contained in the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-41606) filed with the SEC on January
26, 2023, pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, including any amendment or report
filed for the purpose of updating such description. |
We
also incorporate by reference any future annual reports on Form 20-F we file with the SEC under the Exchange Act after the date of this
prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering of securities by means of this prospectus, and any future reports of foreign
private issuer on Form 6-K we furnish with the SEC during such period that are identified in such reports as being incorporated by reference
in this prospectus.
Any
reports filed by us with the SEC after the date of this prospectus and before the date that the offering of securities by means of this
prospectus is terminated will automatically update and, where applicable, supersede any information contained in this prospectus or incorporated
by reference in this prospectus. This means that you must look at all of the SEC filings that we incorporate by reference to determine
if any of the statements in this prospectus or in any documents incorporated by reference have been modified or superseded. Unless expressly
incorporated by reference, nothing in this prospectus shall be deemed to incorporate by reference information furnished to, but not filed
with, the SEC.
We
will provide without charge to any person (including any beneficial owner) to whom this prospectus is delivered, upon oral or written
request, a copy of any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus but not delivered with the prospectus (except for exhibits
to those documents unless a document states that one of its exhibits is incorporated into the document itself). Such request should be
directed to: Brera Holdings PLC, Connaught House, 5th Floor, One Burlington Road, Dublin 4, DO4 C5Y6, Ireland, and telephone number +353
1 237 3700.
BRERA
HOLDINGS PLC
$100,000,000
Class
B Ordinary Shares
Preferred
Shares
Debt
Securities
Warrants
Rights
Units
PROSPECTUS
_______,
2024
PART
II
INFORMATION
NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
Item
8. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
To
the fullest extent permitted by Irish law, our constitution (which will be substantially in the form attached as Exhibit 3.1 to this
registration statement) will confer an indemnity on our directors and officers. However, this indemnity is limited by the Irish Companies
Act, which prescribes that an advance commitment to indemnify only permits a company to pay the costs or discharge the liability of a
director or corporate secretary where judgment is given in favor of the director or corporate secretary in any civil or criminal action
in respect of such costs or liability, or where an Irish court grants relief because the director or corporate secretary acted honestly
and reasonably and ought fairly to be excused. Any provision whereby an Irish company seeks to commit in advance to indemnify its directors
or corporate secretary over and above the limitations imposed by the Irish Companies Act will be void under Irish law, whether contained
in its constitution or any contract between the company and the director or corporate secretary. This restriction does not apply to our
executives who are not directors or other persons who would not be considered “officers” within the meaning of that term
under the Irish Companies Act. Our constitution will also contain indemnification and expense advancement provisions for persons who
are not directors or our corporate secretary.
Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling
us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy
as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
At
present, there is no pending litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors or officers where indemnification will be required
or permitted. We are not aware of any threatened litigation or proceeding that might result in a claim for such indemnification.
Item
9. Exhibits.
| * | To
be filed, if applicable, as an exhibit to a post-effective amendment to this registration
statement or as an exhibit to a report of the registrant filed pursuant to the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| ** | To
be filed separately pursuant to Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, if
applicable. |
Item
10. Undertakings.
| (a) | The
undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: |
| (1) | To
file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment
to this registration statement: |
|
(i) |
to include any prospectus
required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933; |
|
(ii) |
to reflect in the prospectus
any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof)
which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities
offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering
range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes
in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation
of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and |
|
(iii) |
to include any material
information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change
to such information in the registration statement, |
provided,
however, that subsections (i), (ii) and (iii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment
by those subsections is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of
prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
| (2) | That,
for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such
post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the
securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed
to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
| (3) | To
remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being
registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. |
| (4) | To
file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements
required by Item 8.A of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous
offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of
the Act (15 U.S.C. 77j(a)(3)) need not be furnished, provided that the registrant includes
in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required
pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other
information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to registration statements on Form F-3, a post-effective
amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section
10(a)(3) of the Act or Item 8.A of Form 20-F if such financial statements and information
are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant
pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated
by reference in the Form F-3. |
| (5) | That,
for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to
any purchaser: |
|
(i) |
Each prospectus filed by
the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus
was deemed part of and included in this registration statement; and |
|
(ii) |
Each prospectus required
to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of this registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating
to an offer made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a)
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, shall be deemed to be part of and included in this registration statement as of the earlier
of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in
the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at
that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities
in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed
to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus
that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration
statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior
to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part
of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date. |
| (6) | That,
for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: |
The
undersigned registrant undertakes that in an offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement,
regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser
by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered
to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
| (i) | Any
preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering
required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
| (ii) | Any
free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned
registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; |
| (iii) | The
portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material
information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of
the undersigned registrant; and |
| (iv) | Any
other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to
the purchaser. |
| (b) | That,
for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, each
filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee
benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended), that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall
be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein,
and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof. |
| (c) | Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted
to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing
provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities
and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the
Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against
such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by
a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of
any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person
in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion
of its counsel has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as
expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
| (d) | The
undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that: |
| (1) | For
purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted
from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon
Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule
424(b) (1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration
statement as of the time it was declared effective. |
| (2) | For
the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective
amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement
relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time
shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
| (e) | To
file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act
under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules
and regulations prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 305(b)(2)
of the Trust Indenture Act. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in Coral Gables, Florida on February 5, 2024.
|
BRERA HOLDINGS
PLC |
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/
Pierre Galoppi |
|
|
Pierre Galoppi |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer |
POWER
OF ATTORNEY
KNOW
ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Pierre Galoppi and Daniel
Joseph McClory, and each of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments, including post-effective
amendments, to this registration statement, and any registration statement relating to the offering covered by this registration statement
and filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in
connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them,
full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully for all intents
and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys in fact and agents
or their substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities
and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Pierre Galoppi |
|
Chief
Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer), Interim Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) and
Director |
|
February
5, 2024 |
Pierre Galoppi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Alessandro Aleotti |
|
Chief Strategy Officer and Director |
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February 5, 2024 |
Alessandro Aleotti |
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/s/
Daniel Joseph McClory |
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Executive Chairman and Director |
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February 5, 2024 |
Daniel Joseph McClory |
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/s/ Alberto
Libanori |
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Director |
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February 5, 2024 |
Alberto Libanori |
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/s/ Pietro
Bersani |
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Director |
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February 5, 2024 |
Pietro Bersani |
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/s/ Christopher
Paul Gardner |
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Director |
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February 5, 2024 |
Christopher Paul Gardner |
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/s/ Goran
Pandev |
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Director |
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February 5, 2024 |
Goran Pandev |
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SIGNATURE
OF AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE IN THE UNITED STATES
Pursuant
to the Securities Act of 1933, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of Brera Holdings PLC has signed
this registration statement or amendment thereto in New York on February 5, 2024.
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Cogency Global Inc. |
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Authorized U.S. Representative |
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By: |
/s/
Colleen A. De Vries |
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Name: |
Colleen A. De Vries |
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Title: |
Senior Vice President on
behalf of Cogency Global Inc. |
II-5
Exhibit 4.1
BRERA
HOLDINGS PLC
TO
[ ]
Trustee
Indenture
Dated as of __, 20__
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page |
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ARTICLE
I |
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DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION |
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Section 101. |
Definitions |
1 |
Section 102. |
Compliance Certificates and Opinions |
9 |
Section 103. |
Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee |
9 |
Section 104. |
Acts of Holders |
10 |
Section 105. |
Notices, Etc. to Trustee and Company |
11 |
Section 106. |
Notice to Holders; Waiver |
11 |
Section 107. |
Conflict With Trust Indenture Act |
12 |
Section 108. |
Effect of Headings and Table of Contents |
12 |
Section 109. |
Successors and Assigns |
12 |
Section 110. |
Separability Clause |
12 |
Section 111. |
Benefits of Indenture |
12 |
Section 112. |
Governing Law |
13 |
Section 113. |
Legal Holidays |
13 |
Section 114. |
Rules by Trustee and Agents |
13 |
Section 115. |
No Recourse Against Others |
13 |
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ARTICLE II |
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SECURITY
FORMS |
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Section 201. |
Forms Generally |
13 |
Section 202. |
Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication |
14 |
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ARTICLE III |
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THE SECURITIES |
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Section 301. |
Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series |
14 |
Section 302. |
Denominations |
19 |
Section 303. |
Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating |
19 |
Section 304. |
Temporary Securities |
21 |
Section 305. |
Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange |
22 |
Section 306. |
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities |
23 |
Section 307. |
Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved |
24 |
Section 308. |
Persons Deemed Owners |
26 |
Section 309. |
Cancellation |
26 |
Section 310. |
Computation of Interest |
26 |
Section 311. |
Global Securities; Exchanges; Registration and Registration of Transfer |
26 |
Section 312. |
Extension of Interest Payment |
28 |
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ARTICLE IV |
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SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE |
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Section 401. |
Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture |
28 |
Section 402. |
Application of Trust Money |
29 |
Section 403. |
Satisfaction, Discharge and Defeasance of Securities of Any Series |
30 |
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ARTICLE V |
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REMEDIES |
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Section 501. |
Events of Default |
32 |
Section 502. |
Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment |
33 |
Section 503. |
Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee |
34 |
Section 504. |
Trustee May File Proofs of Claim |
35 |
Section 505. |
Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities or Coupons |
35 |
Section 506. |
Application of Money Collected |
36 |
Section 507. |
Limitation on Suits |
36 |
Section 508. |
Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest |
37 |
Section 509. |
Restoration of Rights and Remedies |
37 |
Section 510. |
Rights and Remedies Cumulative |
37 |
Section 511. |
Delay or Omission Not Waiver |
37 |
Section 512. |
Control by Holders |
38 |
Section 513. |
Waiver of Past Defaults |
38 |
Section 514. |
Undertaking for Costs |
38 |
Section 515. |
Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws |
38 |
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ARTICLE VI |
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THE TRUSTEE |
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Section 601. |
Certain Duties and Responsibilities |
39 |
Section 602. |
Notice of Defaults |
39 |
Section 603. |
Certain Rights of Trustee |
40 |
Section 604. |
Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities |
41 |
Section 605. |
May Hold Securities |
41 |
Section 606. |
Money Held in Trust |
41 |
Section 607. |
Compensation and Reimbursement |
41 |
Section 608. |
Disqualification; Conflicting Interests |
42 |
Section 609. |
Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility |
42 |
Section 610. |
Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor |
42 |
Section 611. |
Acceptance of Appointment by Successor |
44 |
Section 612. |
Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business |
45 |
Section 613. |
Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company |
45 |
Section 614. |
Appointment of Authenticating Agent |
45 |
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ARTICLE VII |
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HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY |
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Section 701. |
Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders |
47 |
Section 702. |
Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders |
47 |
Section 703. |
Reports by Trustee |
48 |
Section 704. |
Reports by Company |
49 |
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ARTICLE VIII |
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CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE OR TRANSFER |
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Section 801. |
Company May Consolidate, Etc. Only on Certain Terms |
50 |
Section 802. |
Successor Corporation Substituted |
50 |
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ARTICLE IX |
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SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES |
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Section 901. |
Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders |
51 |
Section 902. |
Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Holders |
53 |
Section 903. |
Execution of Supplemental Indentures |
54 |
Section 904. |
Effect of Supplemental Indentures |
55 |
Section 905. |
Conformity With Trust Indenture Act |
55 |
Section 906. |
Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures |
55 |
Section 907. |
Revocation and Effect of Consents |
55 |
Section 908. |
Modification Without Supplemental Indenture |
55 |
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ARTICLE X |
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COVENANTS |
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Section 1001. |
Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest |
56 |
Section 1002. |
Maintenance of Office or Agency |
56 |
Section 1003. |
Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust |
57 |
Section 1004. |
Corporate Existence |
58 |
Section 1005. |
Defeasance of Certain Obligations |
59 |
Section 1006. |
Statement by Officers as to Default |
60 |
Section 1007. |
Waiver of Certain Covenants |
60 |
Section 1008. |
Maintenance of Properties |
61 |
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ARTICLE XI |
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REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES |
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Section 1101. |
Applicability of Article |
61 |
Section 1102. |
Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee |
61 |
Section 1103. |
Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed |
62 |
Section 1104. |
Notice of Redemption |
62 |
Section 1105. |
Securities Payable on Redemption Date |
64 |
Section 1106. |
Securities Redeemed in Part |
64 |
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ARTICLE XII |
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SINKING FUNDS |
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Section 1201. |
Applicability of Article |
64 |
Section 1202. |
Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments With Securities |
65 |
Section 1203. |
Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund |
65 |
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ARTICLE XIII |
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REPAYMENT OF SECURITIES AT OPTION OF HOLDERS |
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Section 1301. |
Applicability of Article |
65 |
Section 1302. |
Notice of Repayment Date |
65 |
Section 1303. |
Securities Payable on Repayment Date |
67 |
Section 1304. |
Securities Repaid in Part |
67 |
INDENTURE, dated as of [ ],
20__, between Brera Holdings PLC, a public limited company incorporated in the Republic
of Ireland (herein called the “Company”), and [ ] (herein called the “Trustee”).
Recitals
Of The Company
The Company has duly authorized
the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured debentures, notes or other
evidences of indebtedness (each herein called a “Security” or collectively the “Securities”),
in an unlimited aggregate principal amount to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture provided.
All things necessary to make
this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.
NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE
WITNESSETH:
For and in consideration of
the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate
benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of any series thereof, as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS AND
OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION
Section 101. Definitions.
For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires;
(1) the
terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;
(2) all
other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned
to them therein;
(3) all
accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with international financial reporting
standards, and, except as otherwise herein expressly provided, the term “international financial reporting standards”
with respect to the international financial reporting standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB);
(4) the
word “or” is not exclusive; and
(5) the
words “herein”, “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture
as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.
Certain terms, used principally
in Article VI, are defined in that Article.
“Act”,
when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 104.
“Affiliate”
of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified
Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of
voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative
to the foregoing.
“Authenticating
Agent” means any Person authorized by the Trustee to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities.
“Authorized Newspaper”
means a newspaper of general circulation, in an official language of the country of publication or in the English language, customarily
published on a daily basis (including newspapers published on a daily basis except not published on Legal Holidays, as defined in Section
113) in such country. Whenever successive weekly publications in an Authorized Newspaper are required hereunder, they may be made
(unless otherwise expressly provided herein) on the same or different days of the week and in the same or different Authorized Newspapers.
“Authorized Officer”
means the Executive Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary
or any other officer or agent of the Company duly authorized by the Board of Directors to act in respect of matters relating to this Indenture.
“Board of Directors”
means either the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee of that board.
“Board Resolution”
means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary or director of the Company to have been duly adopted by
the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.
“Business Day”,
when used with respect to any Place of Payment or any other particular location specified in the Securities or this Indenture, means each
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment such other location,
or the city in which the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is located, are authorized or obligated by law to close, except as may
be otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301.
“Code”
means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
“Commission”
means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or,
if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under
the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.
“Company”
means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Person shall have become
such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor Person.
“Company Request”
or “Company Order” means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by an Authorized Officer
and delivered to the Trustee.
“Corporate Trust
Office” means the principal office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be
administered and, with respect to [ ], shall be located in [ ].
“Corporation”
includes corporations, associations, joint stock companies, limited liability companies and business trusts.
“Defaulted Interest”
has the meaning specified in Section 307.
“Depository”
means, with respect to any series of Securities issuable or issued in the form of a Global Security, an entity named as such in the Indenture,
or, if no entity is so named, an entity, if any, named by the Company as such by Board Resolution, or its successor. The Depository is
the entity which holds a Global Security, if any, and operates the computerized book-entry system through which ownership interests in
the Securities are recorded. Such entity shall at all times be a registered clearing agency under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended, and in good standing thereunder or, in the case of an entity that holds a Global Security issued outside of the United States,
such entity shall at all times be in compliance with any applicable registration requirements and in good standing under application regulations.
“Dollar”
or “$” means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or currency of the United States as at the time
shall be legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.
“Eligible Obligations”
means:
(a) with respect to Securities
denominated in Dollars, U.S. Government Obligations; or
(b) with respect to Securities
denominated in a currency other than Dollars or in a composite currency, such other obligations or instruments as shall be specified with
respect to such Securities, as contemplated by Section 301(24).
“Event of Default”
has the meaning specified in Section 501.
“Global Security”
means a Security, if any, issued to evidence all or a part of a series of Securities in accordance with Section 301.
“Holder”
means the bearer of an Unregistered Security or coupon appertaining thereto or a Person in whose name a Registered Security is registered
in the Security Register or the Person who is the record owner of any ownership interests in a Global Security.
“Indenture”
means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental
hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established
as contemplated by Section 301.
“Indexed Security”
means a Security the terms of which provide that the principal amount thereof payable at Stated Maturity may be more or less than the
principal face amount thereof at original issuance.
“Interest”,
when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security that by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable
after Maturity.
“Interest Payment
Date”, when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.
“Maturity”,
when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes
due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, upon call for redemption,
exercise of repayment option or otherwise.
“Officer’s
Certificate” means a certificate signed by an Authorized Officer and delivered to the Trustee.
“Opinion of Counsel”
means a written opinion of counsel, who may be an employee of, or counsel for, the Company or an Affiliate of the Company, and who shall
be acceptable to the Trustee.
“Original Issue
Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable
upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502.
“Outstanding”,
when used with respect to Securities, means, as of the date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture, except:
(a) Securities
theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;
(b) Securities
or portions thereof for whose payment or redemption (a) money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee
or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as
its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities or (b) Eligible Obligations as contemplated by Sections 401 and 403
in the necessary amount have been theretofore deposited with the Trustee, in trust, for the Holders of such Securities (whether or
not the Company’s indebtedness in respect thereof shall be satisfied and discharged for purposes of this Indenture or otherwise),
provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture
or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; and
(c) Securities
that have been paid pursuant to Section 306 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated
and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there have been presented to the
Trustee proof satisfactory to it and the Company that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such
Securities are valid obligations of the Company;
provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the
requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent
or waiver hereunder,
(w) Securities owned
by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor (unless the Company,
such Affiliate or such obligor owns (i) all Securities Outstanding under this Indenture or (ii) except for the purposes of actions to
be taken by Holders of more than one series or Tranche voting as a class, all Outstanding Securities of each such series and each such
Tranche, as the case may be, determined without regard to this clause) shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that,
in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent
or waiver, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged
in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so
to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate
of the Company or of such other obligor;
(x) in determining
whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of Securities of any series or Tranche have concurred in any direction, waiver or
consent, the principal amount of Original Issue Discount Securities that shall be deemed to be outstanding shall be the amount of the
principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant
to Section 502;
(y) in the case of
any Security the principal of which is payable from time to time without presentment or surrender, the principal amount of such Security
that shall be deemed to be Outstanding at any time for all purposes of this Indenture shall be the original principal amount thereof less
the aggregate amount of principal thereof theretofore paid; and
(z) the principal
amount of any Security which is denominated in a currency other than Dollars or in a composite currency that shall be deemed to be Outstanding
for such purposes shall be the amount of Dollars that could have been purchased by the principal amount (or, in the case of an Original
Issue Discount Security, the Dollar equivalent on the date determined as set forth below of the amount determined as provided in (x) above)
of such currency or composite currency evidenced by such Security, in each such case certified to the Trustee in an Officer’s Certificate
based (i) on the average of the mean of the buying and selling spot rates quoted by three banks which are members of the New York Clearing
House Association selected by the Company in effect at 11:00 A.M. (New York time) in The City of New York on the fifteenth Business Day
preceding any such determination or (ii) if on such fifteenth Business Day it is not possible or practicable to obtain such quotations
from such three banks, on such other quotations or alternative methods of determination that shall be as consistent as practicable with
the method set forth in (i) above.
“Paying Agent”
means any Person, including the Company, authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities
on behalf of the Company.
“Periodic Offering”
means an offering of Securities of a series from time to time any or all of the specific terms of which Securities, including without
limitation the rate or rates of interest, if any, thereon, the Stated Maturity or Maturities thereof and the redemption provisions, if
any, with respect thereto, are to be determined by the Company or its agents from time to time subsequent to the initial request for the
authentication and delivery of such Securities by the Trustee, all as contemplated in Section 301 and clause (2) of Section
303.
“Person”
means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company,
trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
“Place of Payment”,
when used with respect to the Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, means the place or places where the principal of (and
premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the Securities of that series or Tranche are payable as specified as contemplated by Section
301.
“Predecessor Security”
of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular
Security, and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in exchange for
or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost
or stolen Security.
“Redemption Date”,
when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to Section 301 of
this Indenture.
“Redemption Price”,
when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture, exclusive
of accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
“Registered Security”
means any Security issued hereunder and registered by the Security Registrar or any recorded interest in a Global Security issued hereunder.
“Regular Record
Date” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for
that purpose as contemplated by Section 301.
“Repayment Date”,
when used with respect to any Security of any series to be repaid or repurchased, means the date, if any, fixed for such repayment or
for such repurchase (whether at the option of the Holders or otherwise) pursuant to Section 301 of this Indenture.
“Repayment Price”,
when used with respect to any Security of any series to be repaid, means the price, if any, at which it is to be repaid pursuant to Section
301.
“Responsible Officer”,
when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer within the corporate trust department or any other successor group of the Trustee,
including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing
functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust
matter, any other officer of the Trustee to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular
subject.
“Security”
or “Securities” has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any
Security or Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.
“Security Register”
and “Security Registrar” have the respective meanings specified in Section 305.
“Senior Securities”
means Securities other than Subordinated Securities.
“series”
or “series of Securities” means a series of Securities issued under this Indenture as determined by Board Resolution
or as otherwise determined under this Indenture, and except as otherwise provided in Section 608.
“Special Record
Date” for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 307.
“Stated Maturity”,
when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security
as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.
“Subordinated
Securities” means Securities that by the terms established pursuant to Subsection 301(10) are subordinate to any specified
debt of the Company.
“Subsidiary”
means (i) any corporation, association or other business entity of which more than 50% of the outstanding total voting stock entitled
(without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time
owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Company or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more other
Subsidiaries or (ii) any partnership the sole general partner or the managing general partner of which is the Company or a Subsidiary
of the Company or the only general partners of which are the Company or of one or more Subsidiaries of the Company (or any combination
thereof). For the purposes of this definition, “voting stock” means, in the case of a corporation, stock which ordinarily
has voting power for the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of capital stock has such voting
power by reason of any contingency, in the case of an association or business entity, any and all shares, interests, participations, rights
or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock, in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, partnership or
membership interests (whether general or limited), and any other interest or participation that confers on a Person the right to receive
a share of the profits and losses of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person.
“Tranche”
means a group of Securities which (a) are of the same series and (b) have identical terms except as to principal amount or date of issuance.
“Trustee”
means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have been
appointed with respect to one or more series of Securities pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee”
shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee”
as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.
“Trust Indenture
Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force at the date as of which this instrument was executed, except as provided
in Section 905.
“U.S. Government
Obligations” means (a) direct obligations of the United States for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged,
or obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States and the payment
of which is unconditionally guaranteed by the United States and (b) certificates, depositary receipts or other instruments which evidence
a direct ownership interest in obligations described in clause (a) above or in any specific interest or principal payments due in respect
thereof; provided, however, that the custodian of such obligations or specific interest or principal payments shall be a bank or
trust company (which may include the Trustee or any Paying Agent) subject to federal or state supervision or examination with a combined
capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000; and provided, further, that except as may be otherwise required by law, such custodian
shall be obligated to pay to the holders of such certificates, depositary receipts or other instruments the full amount received by such
custodian in respect of such obligations or specific payments and shall not be permitted to make any deduction therefrom.
“U.S. Person”
means a citizen, national or resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, or other entity created
or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof, or an estate or trust whose income from sources
without the United States is includible in gross income for United States federal income tax purposes regardless of its connection with
the conduct of a trade or business within the United States.
“Unregistered
Security” means any Security issued hereunder which is not a Registered Security.
“Vice President”,
when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or words
added before or after the title “vice president”.
“Yield to Maturity”
means the yield to maturity, calculated by the Company at the time of issuance of a series of Securities or, if applicable, at the most
recent determination of interest on such series in accordance with accepted financial practice.
Section 102. Compliance
Certificates and Opinions. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture upon any application or request by the
Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall, if requested by the Trustee,
furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture
relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all
such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which
the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application
or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.
Every certificate or opinion
with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than certificates provided pursuant to Section
704(4)) shall include:
(1) a
statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating
thereto;
(2) a
brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
certificate or opinion are based;
(3) a
statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to
express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and
(4) a
statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.
Section 103. Form of
Documents Delivered to Trustee. In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any
specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that
they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters
and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or
several documents.
Any certificate or opinion
of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon an Opinion of Counsel. Any such Opinion of Counsel
may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers
of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company.
Where any Person is required
to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this
Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.
Section 104. Acts of
Holders. (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture
to be made, given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor
signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such
action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly
required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein
sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of
execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or of the holding by any Person of Unregistered
Securities, shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 601) conclusive in favor of the
Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.
(b) The
fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution
or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual
signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity
other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority. The fact and
date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any
other manner acceptable to the Trustee.
(c) The
amount of Unregistered Securities held by any Person executing any such instrument or writings as the Holder thereof, and the numbers
of such Unregistered Securities, and the date of his holding the same, may be proved by the production of such Unregistered Securities
or by a certificate executed, as depositary, by any trust company, bank, banker or member of a national securities exchange (wherever
situated), if such certificate is in form satisfactory to the Trustee, showing that at the date therein mentioned such Person had on deposit
with such depositary, or exhibited to it, the Unregistered Securities therein described; or such facts may be proved by the certificate
or affidavit of the Person executing such instrument or writing as the Holder thereof, if such certificate or affidavit is in form satisfactory
to the Trustee. The Trustee and the Company may assume that such ownership of any Unregistered Securities continues until (1) another
certificate bearing a later date issued in respect of the same Unregistered Securities is produced, or (2) such Unregistered Securities
are produced by some other Person, or (3) such Unregistered Securities are registered as to principal or are surrendered in exchange for
Unregistered Securities, or (4) such Unregistered Securities are no longer Outstanding.
(d) The
fact and date of execution of any such instrument or writing and the amount and number of Unregistered Securities held by the Person so
executing such instrument or writing may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient; and the Trustee may in
any instance require further proof with respect to any of the matters referred to in this Section.
(e) The
principal amount (except as otherwise contemplated in clause (x) of the proviso to the definition of “Outstanding”) and serial
numbers of Securities held by any Person, and the date of holding the same, shall be proved by the Security Register.
(f) Any
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, election, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every
future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor
or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether
or not notation of such action is made upon such Security.
(g) The
Company may set a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders of any Securities of any series entitled to vote or
consent to any action by vote or consent authorized or permitted by Section 512 or 513. Such record date shall be the later
of 30 days prior to the first solicitation of such consent or the date of the most recent list of Holders of such Securities furnished
to the Trustee pursuant to Section 701 prior to such solicitation.
(h) If
the Company solicits from Holders any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may,
at its option, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders
of record at the close of business on the record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of determining whether Holders of
the requisite proportion of the Outstanding Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of the record date.
Section 105. Notices,
Etc. to Trustee and Company. Except as otherwise provided herein, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, election, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or
furnished to, or filed with,
(1) the
Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing
to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: [ ], [ ], or
(2) the
Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if
in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified in
the first paragraph of this instrument or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company.
Section 106. Notice
to Holders; Waiver. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, where this Indenture provides for notice of any event or reports
to Holders, such notice or report shall be sufficiently given if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder of
Registered Securities affected by such event, at the address of such Holder as it appears in the Security Register and to addresses filed
with the Trustee or preserved on the Trustee’s list pursuant to Section 702(a) for other Holders (and to such other addressees
as may be required in the case of such notice or report under Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act), not later than the latest date,
and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice or report.
In any case where notice to
Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall
affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders.
Notice shall be sufficiently
given to Holders of Unregistered Securities if published in an Authorized Newspaper in each of The City of New York and, if such Securities
are listed on any stock exchange outside of the United States, in the city in which such stock exchange is located, or in such other city
or cities as may be specified in the Securities, once in each of two different calendar weeks, the first publication to be not earlier
than the earliest date, and not later than the last date, if any, prescribed for the giving of such notice.
Where this Indenture provides
for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the
event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such
filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.
In case by reason of the suspension
of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause is impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification that is made
with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.
If it is impractical in the
opinion of the Trustee or the Company to make any publication of any notice required hereby in an Authorized Newspaper, any publication
or other notice in lieu thereof that is made or given with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient publication of such
notice.
Section 107. Conflict
With Trust Indenture Act. If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by operation of subsection
(c) of Section 318 of the Trust Indenture Act, the imposed duties shall control.
Section 108. Effect
of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and
shall not affect the construction hereof.
Section 109. Successors
and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed
or not.
Section 110. Separability
Clause. In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality
and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
Section 111. Benefits
of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties
hereto (including any Paying Agent appointed pursuant to Section 1002 and Authenticating Agent appointed pursuant to Section
614 to the extent provided herein) and their successors hereunder and the Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy
or claim under this Indenture.
Section 112. Governing
Law. This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
Section 113. Legal Holidays.
In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date or Stated Maturity of any Security is not a Business Day
at any Place of Payment or the city in which the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is located, then (notwithstanding any other provision
of this Indenture or of the Securities other than a provision in Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, or in the Board Resolution
or Officer’s Certificate that establishes the terms of such Securities or Tranche, that specifically states that such provision
shall apply in lieu of this Section) payment of interest or principal (and premium, if any) need not be made at such Place of Payment
on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on
the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date, Repayment Date, or at the Stated Maturity, provided that no interest shall accrue
with respect to such payment for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date or Stated Maturity,
as the case may be.
Section 114. Rules by
Trustee and Agents. The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of Holders of one or more series. The Paying
Agent or Security Registrar may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.
Section 115. No Recourse
Against Others. No past, present or future director, officer, stockholder or employee, as such, of the Company or any successor corporation
shall have any liability for any obligation of the Company under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect
of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The
waiver and release are part of the consideration for the execution of this Indenture and the issue of the Securities.
ARTICLE II
SECURITY FORMS
Section 201. Forms Generally.
The Securities of each series and related coupons, if any, shall be in substantially the form as shall be established by or pursuant to
a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions
and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification
and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently
herewith, be determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities. When the form of
Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action
shall be delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 303 for the authentication
and delivery of such Securities.
If required or appropriate
under applicable law, Unregistered Securities and their coupons must have the following statement on their face: “Any United States
person who holds this obligation will be subject to limitations under the United States income tax laws, including the limitations provided
in Sections 165(j) and 1287(a) of the Internal Revenue Code”. If required or appropriate under applicable law, Unregistered Securities
and their coupons must have the following statement on their face: “By accepting this obligation, the Holder represents and warrants
that it is not a U.S. Person (other than an exempt recipient described in section 6049(b)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations
thereunder) and that it is not acting for or on behalf of a U.S. Person (other than an exempt recipient described in section 6049(b)(4)
of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder).”
The definitive Securities
shall be produced in such manner or combination of manners, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced
by their execution of such Securities.
Section 202. Form of
Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication. The Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following
form:
This is one of the Securities
of the series designated herein, referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.
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ARTICLE III
THE SECURITIES
Section 301. Amount
Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture
is unlimited.
The Securities may be issued
in one or more series. There may be Registered Securities and Unregistered Securities within a series. Registered and Unregistered Securities
may be in temporary or permanent global form. Unregistered Securities may be issued with or without coupons attached. Unregistered Securities
may be subject to such restrictions, and contain such legends, as may be required by United States laws and regulations. Subject to the
last paragraph of this Section, there shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate,
or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series,
(1) the
title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities);
(2) any
limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture
(except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities
of the series pursuant to Section 304, 305, 306, 906, 1107 or 1305 and except for any Securities
that, pursuant to Section 303, are deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder);
(3) the
price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount thereof) at which the securities will be issued and the date or dates
on which the principal (and premium, if any) of the Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof, is payable;
(4) the
date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of such series, or any Tranche thereof, is payable or any formula or other method
or other means by which such date or dates shall be determined, by reference to an index or other fact or event ascertainable outside
of this Indenture or otherwise (without regard to any provisions for redemption, prepayment, acceleration, purchase or extension);
(5) the
rate or rates at which the Securities of such series, or any Tranche thereof, shall bear interest, if any (including the rate or rates
at which overdue principal shall bear interest, if different from the rate or rates at which such Securities shall bear interest prior
to Maturity, and, if applicable, the rate or rates at which overdue premium or interest shall bear interest, if any), or any formula or
other method or other means by which such rate or rates shall be determined, by reference to an index or other fact or event ascertainable
outside of this Indenture or otherwise; the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue; the Interest Payment Dates on which such
interest shall be payable and the Regular Record Date, if any, for the interest payable on such Securities on any Interest Payment Date;
the right of the Company, if any, to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of any such extension as contemplated by Section
312; and the basis of computation of interest, if other than as provided in Section 310;
(6) the
place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof,
shall be payable, any Registered Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof, may be surrendered for registration of transfer, Securities
of the series, or any Tranche thereof, may be surrendered for exchange, and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect
of the Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof, and this Indenture may be served and notices to Holders pursuant to Section
106 will be published; the Security Registrar and any Paying Agent or Agents for such series or Tranche; and if such is the case,
that the principal of such Securities shall be payable without presentment or surrender thereof;
(7) if
applicable, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the
series, or any Tranche thereof, may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company;
(8) the
obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof, pursuant to any sinking fund
or analogous provisions and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities
of the series, or any Tranche thereof, shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;
(9) the
obligation, if any, of the Company to offer to repay or repurchase Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof, in circumstances
described therein, and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities
of the series, or any Tranche thereof, shall be repaid or repurchased, in whole or in part, at the option of the Holders;
(10) the
terms, if any, on which the Securities of such series will be subordinate in right and priority of payment to other debt of the Company;
(11) the
right, if any, of the Company to execute and deliver to the Trustee, and to direct the Trustee to authenticate and deliver in accordance
with a Company Order, a Security of any series, or any Tranche thereof, in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities of such series, or
any Tranche thereof, cancelled upon redemption or repayment;
(12) the
denominations in which any Registered Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof, shall be issuable, if other than denominations
of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, and the denomination or denominations in which any Unregistered Securities of the series,
or any Tranche thereof, shall be issuable, if other than the denomination of $5,000;
(13) if
other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof, that
shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502;
(14) whether
Securities of the series are to be issuable as Registered Securities, Unregistered Securities, or both, whether Securities of the series
are to be issuable with or without coupons, whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable initially in temporary global form
(and, if so, the identity of the depositary for such Securities) and the circumstances under which such Securities in temporary global
form may be exchanged for definitive Securities, and whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form
(and, if so, the identity of the depositary for such Securities) with or without coupons and, if so, whether beneficial owners of interests
in any such permanent Global Security may exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form
and denomination and the circumstances under which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided in Section 311;
(15) whether
and under what circumstances the Company will pay additional amounts on the Securities of that series held by a person who is not a U.S.
Person in respect of taxes or similar charges withheld or deducted and, if so, whether the Company will have the option to redeem such
Securities rather than pay such additional amounts;
(16) the
currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any,
on the Securities of the series, or any Tranche thereof, shall be payable (if other than the currency of the United States of America)
and the formula or other method or other means by which the equivalent of any such amount in Dollars is to be determined for any purpose,
including for the purpose of determining the principal amount of such Securities deemed to be Outstanding at any time;
(17) if
the principal of or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on the Securities of such series, or any Tranche thereof, are to be payable,
at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof, in a coin or currency other than that in which the Securities are stated to be payable,
the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, such election may be made;
(18) if
the principal of or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on the Securities of such series, or any Tranche thereof, are to be payable,
or are to be payable at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof, in securities or other property, the type and amount of such
securities or other property, or the formula or other method or other means by which such amount shall be determined, and the period or
periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, any such election may be made;
(19) if
the amount of payments of principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of the series may be determined with reference
to an index or other fact or event ascertainable outside of this Indenture, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined to the
extent not established pursuant to paragraph (5) of this Section;
(20) the
form or forms of the Securities, including such legends as may be required by United States laws or regulations, the form of any coupons
or temporary Global Security, if any, which may be issued and the forms of any certificates which may be required hereunder or under United
States laws or regulations in connection with the offering, sale, delivery or exchange of Unregistered Securities, if any;
(21) the
Person to whom any interest on any Registered Security of the series, or any Tranche thereof, shall be payable, if other than the Person
in whose name that Security is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, and the manner in which,
or the Person to whom, any interest on any Unregistered Security of the series, or any Tranche thereof, shall be payable, if otherwise
than upon presentation and surrender of the coupons appertaining thereto as they severally mature, and the extent to which, or the manner
in which, any interest payable on a temporary or permanent Global Security on an interest payment date will be paid;
(22) any
Events of Default, in addition to those specified in Section 501, with respect to the Securities of such series, and any covenants
of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities of such series, or any Tranche thereof, in addition to those set forth
in Article X;
(23) the
terms, if any, pursuant to which the Securities of such series, or any Tranche thereof, may be converted into or exchanged for shares
of capital stock or other securities of the Company or any other Person, provided always that (x) any variation of class rights shall
be subject to the Company’s Articles of Association, in particular Article 7 (Variation of Rights attaching to Shares), (y) the
Company shall ensure that the applicable class of shares into which the Securities are convertible has been created, and (z) the Company
shall maintain sufficient authorized share capital to permit the conversion of the Securities into the applicable class of shares;
(24) the
obligations or instruments, if any, that shall be considered to be Eligible Obligations in respect of the Securities of such series, or
any Tranche thereof, denominated in a currency other than Dollars or in a composite currency, and any additional or alternative provisions
for the reinstatement of the Company’s indebtedness in respect of such Securities after the satisfaction and discharge thereof as
provided in Section 401;
(25) any
exceptions to Section 113, or variation in the definition of Business Day, with respect to the Securities of such series, or any
Tranche thereof;
(26) any
collateral security, assurance or guarantee for the Securities of such series;
(27) the
non-applicability of Section 608 to the Securities of such series or any exceptions or modifications of Section 608 with
respect to the Securities of such series;
(28) any
rights or duties of another Person to assume the obligations of the Company with respect to the Securities of such series (whether as
joint obligor, primary obligor, secondary obligor or substitute obligor) and any rights or duties to discharge and release any obligor
with respect to the Securities of such series or this Indenture to the extent related to such series;
(29) if
a service charge will be made for the registration of transfer or exchange of Securities of such series, or any Tranche thereof, the amount
or terms thereof; and
(30) any
other terms, conditions and rights of the series (which terms, conditions and rights shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of
this Indenture, except as permitted by Section 901(5)).
All Securities of any one
series and the coupons appertaining to any Unregistered Securities of such series shall be substantially identical except in the case
of Registered Securities as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to such Board Resolution and set forth
in such Officer’s Certificate or in any such indenture supplemental hereto and as reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. Securities
of different series may differ in any respect.
If the terms and form or forms
of any series of Securities are established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, the Company shall deliver a copy of such Board Resolution
to the Trustee at or prior to the issuance of such series with (1) the form or forms of Security that have been approved attached thereto,
or (2) if such Board Resolution authorizes a specific officer or officers to approve the terms and form or forms of the Securities, a
certificate of such officer or officers approving the terms and form or forms of Security with such form or forms of Securities attached
thereto. Such Board Resolution or certificate may provide general terms or parameters for Securities of any series and may provide that
the specific terms of particular Securities of a series may be determined in accordance with or pursuant to the Company Order referred
to in Section 303 hereof.
With respect to Securities
of a series subject to a Periodic Offering, the indenture supplemental hereto or the Board Resolution that establishes such series, or
the Officer’s Certificate pursuant to such supplemental indenture or Board Resolution, as the case may be, may provide general terms
or parameters for Securities of such series and provide either that the specific terms of Securities of such series, or any Tranche thereof,
shall be specified in a Company Order or that such terms shall be determined by the Company or its agents in accordance with procedures
specified in a Company Order as contemplated by the third paragraph of Section 303.
Unless otherwise specified
with respect to a series of Securities pursuant to paragraph (2) of this Section, any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of a series
of Securities may be increased without the consent of any Holders and additional Securities of such series may be authenticated and delivered
up to the limit upon the aggregate principal amount authorized with respect to such series as so increased.
Section 302. Denominations.
The Securities of each series shall be issuable in registered or unregistered form with or without coupons in such denominations as shall
be specified as contemplated by Section 301. In the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of any series,
the Registered Securities of such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof and the Unregistered
Securities of the series shall be issuable in denominations of $5,000 and any integral multiple thereof.
Section 303. Execution,
Authentication, Delivery and Dating. The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer, its President, its Senior Vice President, Finance, or its Treasurer, under its corporate seal reproduced thereon attested
by its Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile.
The coupons, if any, of Unregistered Securities shall bear the manual or facsimile signature of any one of the officers or assistant officers
referred to in the first sentence of this Section.
Securities bearing the manual
or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding
that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did
not hold such offices at the date of such Securities.
At any time and from time
to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to
the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee
in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities provided, however, that, with respect to Securities
of a series subject to a Periodic Offering, (a) such Company Order may be delivered by the Company to the Trustee prior to the delivery
to the Trustee of such Securities for authentication and delivery, (b) the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver Securities of such series
for original issue from time to time, in an aggregate principal amount not exceeding the aggregate principal amount established for such
series, all pursuant to a Company Order or pursuant to such procedures acceptable to the Trustee as may be specified from time to time
by a Company Order, (c) the maturity date or dates, original issue date or dates, interest rate or rates and any other terms of Securities
of such series shall be determined by Company Order or pursuant to such procedures and (d) if provided for in such procedures, such Company
Order may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to oral or electronic instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent
or agents, which oral instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing.
In authenticating such Securities,
and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive,
and (subject to Section 601) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating:
(a) that
such form of Securities has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;
(b) that
such terms have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and
(c) that
such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions
specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance
with their terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’
rights generally and to general equity principles.
Notwithstanding the provisions
of Section 301 and of the preceding paragraphs, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally issued at one time, it shall
not be necessary to deliver the Officer’s Certificate otherwise required pursuant to Section 301 or the Company Order and
Opinion of Counsel otherwise required pursuant to such preceding paragraphs at or prior to the time of authentication of each Security
of such series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first Security of such
series to be issued.
If such form or terms have
been so established, the Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issuance of such Securities pursuant to
this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in
a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.
Each Registered Security shall
be dated the date of its authentication and each Unregistered Security shall be dated the date of its original issuance.
No Security shall be entitled
to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security a certificate of authentication
substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by manual signature and no coupon shall be valid until the Security
to which it appertains has been so authenticated, and such certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence,
that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.
Notwithstanding the foregoing,
until the Company has delivered an Officer’s Certificate to the Trustee and the Security Registrar stating that, as a result of
the action described, the Company would not suffer adverse consequences under the provisions of United States law or regulations in effect
at the time of the delivery of Unregistered Securities, the Trustee or the Security Registrar will (i) deliver Unregistered Securities
only outside the United States and its possessions and (ii) release Unregistered Securities in definitive form to the person entitled
to physical delivery thereof only upon presentation of a certificate in the form prescribed by the Company.
Section 304. Temporary
Securities. Pending the preparation of definitive Registered Securities of any series (including Global Securities), the Company may
execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Registered Securities which are printed, lithographed,
typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Registered
Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the
officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities. Every temporary Registered Security
shall be executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee, and registered by the Security Registrar, upon the same conditions,
and with like effect, as a definitive Registered Security.
If temporary Securities of
any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive Registered Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay.
After the preparation of definitive Registered Securities of such series, the temporary Registered Securities of such series shall be
exchangeable for definitive Registered Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Registered Securities of such series
at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation
of any one or more temporary Registered Securities of any series the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver
in exchange therefor a like principal amount of definitive Registered Securities of the same series of authorized denominations. Until
so exchanged the temporary Registered Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture
as definitive Registered Securities of such series.
Until definitive Unregistered
Securities of any series (including Global Securities) are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and execute and the Trustee shall
authenticate one or more temporary Unregistered Securities, which may have coupons attached or which may be in the form of one or more
temporary Global Unregistered Securities of that series without coupons. The temporary Unregistered Security or Securities of any series
shall be substantially in the form approved by or pursuant to a Board Resolution and shall be delivered to one of the Paying Agents located
outside the United States and its possessions or to such other person or persons as the Company shall direct against such certification
as the Company may from time to time prescribe by or pursuant to a Board Resolution. The temporary Unregistered Security or Securities
of a series shall be executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions, and with like effect, as a definitive
Unregistered Security of such series, except as provided herein or in the Board Resolution or supplemental Indenture relating thereto.
A temporary Unregistered Security or Securities shall be exchangeable for definitive Unregistered Securities at the time and on the conditions,
if any, specified in the temporary Security.
Upon any exchange of a part
of a temporary Unregistered Security of a series for definitive Unregistered Securities of such series, the temporary Unregistered Security
shall be endorsed by the Trustee or Paying Agent to reflect the reduction of its principal amount by an amount equal to the aggregate
principal amount of the definitive Unregistered Securities of such series so exchanged and endorsed.
Section 305. Registration,
Registration of Transfer and Exchange. The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee a register
(the register maintained in such office and in any other office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes
collectively referred to as the “Security Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it
may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities and of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby appointed
“Security Registrar” for the purpose of registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided.
Except in the case of Securities
issued in the form of a Global Security, upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Registered Security of any series at the office
or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver,
in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Registered Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations
and of a like aggregate principal amount.
If both Registered and Unregistered
Securities are authorized for a series of Securities and the terms of such Securities permit, (i) Unregistered Securities may be exchanged
for an equal principal amount of Registered or Unregistered Securities of the same series and date of maturity in any authorized denominations
upon delivery to the Security Registrar (or a Paying Agent (as herein defined), if the exchange is for Unregistered Securities) of the
Unregistered Security with all unmatured coupons and all matured coupons in default appertaining thereto and if all other requirements
of the Security Registrar (or such Paying Agent) and such Securities for such exchange are met, and (ii) Registered Securities, other
than Securities issued in the form of a Global Security (except as provided in Section 311), may be exchanged for an equal principal
amount of Unregistered Securities of the same series and date of maturity in any authorized denominations (except that any coupons appertaining
to such Unregistered Securities which have matured and have been paid shall be detached) upon delivery to the Security Registrar of the
Registered Securities and if all other requirements of the Security Registrar and such Securities for such exchange are met.
Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the exchange of Unregistered Securities for Registered Securities or Registered Securities for Unregistered Securities will be subject
to the satisfaction of the provisions of United States law and regulations in effect at the time of such exchange, and no exchange of
Registered Securities for Unregistered Securities will be made until the Company has notified the Trustee in an Officer’s Certificate
and the Security Registrar that, as a result of such exchange, the Company would not suffer adverse consequences under such law or regulations.
All Securities issued upon
any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled
to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.
Every Security presented or
surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be
accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by the Holder
thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.
Unless otherwise provided
in a Board Resolution or an Officer’s Certificate pursuant to a Board Resolution, or in an indenture supplemental hereto, with respect
to Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, no service charge shall be made to the Holder for any registration of transfer or
exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may
be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 304,
906 or 1106 not involving any transfer.
The Company shall not be required
(i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days
before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that series selected for redemption under Section 1103
and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Security so selected
for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being redeemed in part. Unregistered Securities or any
coupons appertaining thereto shall be transferable by delivery thereof.
Section 306. Mutilated,
Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. If any mutilated Security or a Security with a mutilated coupon or coupons appertaining to
it is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a replacement
Registered Security, if such surrendered security was a Registered Security, or a replacement Unregistered Security with coupons corresponding
to the coupons appertaining to the surrendered Security, if such surrendered Security was an Unregistered Security, of the same series
and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.
If there shall be delivered
to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security or any coupon or coupons
appertaining thereto, and (ii) such bond, security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either
of them harmless, then, in the absence of actual notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security or any coupon or coupons appertaining
thereto has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, a replacement Registered Security, if such Holder’s claim pertains to a Registered Security, or a replacement Unregistered
Security with coupons corresponding to the coupons appertaining to the destroyed, lost or stolen Unregistered Security or the Unregistered
Security to which such destroyed, lost or stolen coupon or coupons appertains, if such Holder’s claim pertains to an Unregistered
Security, of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.
In case any such mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Security or any coupon or coupons appertaining thereto has become or is about to become due and payable, the
Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security or any coupon or coupons appertaining thereto.
Upon the issuance of any new
Security under this Section or any coupon or coupons appertaining thereto, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses
of the Trustee) connected therewith.
Every new Security or any
coupon or coupons appertaining thereto of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security
or any coupon or coupons appertaining thereto shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or
not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security or any coupon or coupons appertaining thereto is at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall
be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities or any coupon or coupons
appertaining thereto of that series duly issued hereunder.
The provisions of this Section
are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Securities or any coupon or coupons appertaining thereto.
Section 307. Payment
of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved. Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to the Securities
of any series, or any Tranche thereof, interest on any Registered Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for,
on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Registered Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities)
is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest. In case an Unregistered Security of any series is
surrendered in exchange for a Registered Security of such series after the close of business (at an office or agency of the Company in
a Place of Payment for such series) on any Regular Record Date and before the opening of business (at such office or agency) on the next
succeeding Interest Payment Date, such Unregistered Security shall be surrendered without the coupon relating to such Interest Payment
Date and interest will not be payable on such Interest Payment Date in respect of the Registered Security issued in exchange for such
Unregistered Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance with provisions of this Indenture.
Any interest on any Registered
Security of any series that is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called “Defaulted
Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been
such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in clause (1) or (2) below:
(1) The
Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Registered Securities of such series (or
their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted
Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest
proposed to be paid on each Registered Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company
shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest
or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited
to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the Trustee
shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days
prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment.
The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause
notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid,
to each Holder of Registered Securities of such series at the address of such Holder as it appears in the Security Register, not less
than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date
therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Registered Securities of such
series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall no longer
be payable pursuant to the following clause (2). In case an Unregistered Security of any series is surrendered at the office or agency
of the Company in a Place of Payment for such series in exchange for a Registered Security of such series after the close of business
at such office or agency on any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the related proposed
date for payment of Defaulted Interest, such Unregistered Security shall be surrendered without the coupon relating to such proposed date
of payment and Defaulted Interest will not be payable on such proposed date of payment in respect of the Registered Security issued in
exchange for such Unregistered Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance with the provisions
of this Indenture.
(2) The
Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Registered Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent
with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such
exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment
shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.
Subject to the foregoing provisions
of this Section, each Registered Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu
of any other Registered Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other
Registered Security.
Subject to the limitations
set forth in Section 1002, the Holder of any coupon appertaining to an Unregistered Security shall be entitled to receive the interest
payable on such coupon upon presentation and surrender of such coupon on or after the Interest Payment Date of such coupon at an office
or agency maintained for such purpose pursuant to Section 1002.
Section 308. Persons
Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment of a Registered Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent
of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Registered Security is registered as the owner of such Registered
Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and (subject to Section 301 and Section
307) interest, if any, on such Registered Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Registered Security
be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
Ownership of Registered Securities
of a series shall be proved by the computerized book-entry system of the Depository in the case of Registered Securities issued in the
form of a Global Security. Ownership of Unregistered Securities may be proved by the production of such Unregistered Securities or by
a certificate or affidavit executed by the person holding such Unregistered Securities or by a depository with whom such Unregistered
Securities were deposited, if the certificate or affidavit is satisfactory to the Trustee and the Company. The Company, the Trustee and
any agent of the Company may treat the bearer of any Unregistered Security or coupon and the person in whose name a Registered Security
is registered as the absolute owner thereof for all purposes.
None of the Company, the Trustee,
any Paying Agent or the Security Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments
made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating
to such beneficial ownership interests.
Section 309. Cancellation.
Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series, all Securities and coupons surrendered
for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to
any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and, if not theretofore cancelled, shall be promptly cancelled by it. Except
as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series, the Company may at any time deliver to the
Trustee for cancellation any Securities or coupons previously authenticated and delivered hereunder that the Company may have acquired
in any manner whatsoever or that the Company has not issued and sold, and all Securities or coupons so delivered shall be promptly cancelled
by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities or coupons cancelled as provided in
this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Securities or coupons held by the Trustee shall be destroyed
and the Trustee shall furnish an affidavit to the Company (setting forth the serial numbers of such Securities) attesting to such destruction
unless by a Company Order the Company shall direct that the cancelled Securities or coupons be returned to it.
Section 310. Computation
of Interest. Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities
of each series shall be computed on the basis of a year of twelve 30-day months.
Section 311. Global
Securities; Exchanges; Registration and Registration of Transfer. If specified as contemplated by Section 301, the Securities
may be issued in the form of one or more Global Securities, which shall be deposited with the Depository, and, unless otherwise specified
in the form of Global Security adopted pursuant to Section 301, be registered in the name of the Depository’s nominee.
Except as otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 301, any permanent Global Security shall be exchangeable only as provided in this paragraph. If the
beneficial owners of interests in a permanent Global Security are entitled to exchange such interests for Securities of such series of
like tenor and principal amount of another authorized form, as specified as contemplated by Section 301, then without unnecessary
delay but in any event not later than the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, the Company shall deliver to the
Trustee definitive Securities of that series in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such permanent Global Security,
executed by the Company. On or after the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, such permanent Global Security shall
be surrendered from time to time in accordance with instructions given to the Trustee and the Depository (which instructions shall be
in writing but need not comply with Section 102 or be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) by the Depository or such other depository
as shall be specified in the Company Order with respect thereto to the Trustee, as the Company’s agent for such purpose, to be exchanged,
in whole or in part, for definitive Securities of the same series without charge and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange
for each portion of such permanent Global Security, a like aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized
denominations and of like tenor as the portion of such permanent Global Security to be exchanged which, unless the Securities of the series
are not issuable both as Unregistered Securities and as Registered Securities, as specified as contemplated by Section 301, shall
be in the form of Unregistered Securities or Registered Securities, or any combination thereof, as shall be specified by the beneficial
owner thereof; provided, however, that no such exchanges may occur during the periods specified by Section 305; and
provided, further, that no Unregistered Security delivered in exchange for a portion of a permanent Global Security shall
be mailed or otherwise delivered to any location in the United States unless the Company has complied with the fourth paragraph of Section
305. Promptly following any such exchange in part, such permanent Global Security shall be returned by the Trustee, to the Depository
or such other depository referred to above, in accordance with the instructions of the Company referred to above.
The Global Security may be
transferred to another nominee of the Depository, or to a successor Depository selected by the Company, and upon surrender for registration
of transfer of the Global Security to the Trustee, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name
of the designated transferee, a new Global Security in the same aggregate principal amount. If at any time the Depository notifies the
Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository and a successor Depository satisfactory to the Company is not appointed
within 90 days after the Company receives such notice, the Company will execute, and the Trustee will authenticate and deliver, Securities
in definitive form to the Depository in exchange for the Global Security. In addition, if at any time the Company determines that it is
not in the best interest of the Company or the beneficial owners of Securities to continue to have a Global Security representing all
of the Securities held by a Depository, the Company may, at its option, execute, and the Trustee will authenticate and deliver, Securities
in definitive form to the Depository in exchange for all or a portion of the Global Security. Promptly after any such exchange of Securities
in definitive form for all or a portion of the Global Security pursuant to this paragraph, the Company shall promulgate regulations governing
registration of transfers and exchanges of Securities in definitive form, which regulations shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee
and shall thereafter bind every Holder of such Securities.
Section 312. Extension
of Interest Payment. The Company shall have the right at any time, so long as the Company is not in default in the payment of interest
on the Securities of any series hereunder, to extend interest payment periods on all Securities of one or more series, if so specified
as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to such Securities and upon such terms as may be specified as contemplated by Section
301 with respect to such Securities. If the Company ever so extends any such interest payment period, the Company shall promptly notify
the Trustee.
ARTICLE IV
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
Section 401. Satisfaction
and Discharge of Indenture. (a) This Indenture shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect (except as to any surviving
rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities herein expressly provided for), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company,
shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when
(1) either
(A) all
Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have
been replaced or paid as provided in Section 306 and (ii) Securities that are deemed paid and discharged pursuant to Section
403) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or
(B) all
such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation
(i) have become
due and payable, or
(ii) will become
due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or
(iii) are to
be called for redemption pursuant to Article XI hereof under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice
of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or
(iv) are deemed
paid and discharged pursuant to Section 403, as applicable,
and the Company, in
the case of clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for such
purpose an amount of (a) money, or (b) (I) Eligible Obligations which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof
in accordance with their terms will provide on or before the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be, money in an amount,
or (II) a combination of money or Eligible Obligations as provided in clause (I) above, in each case sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally
recognized firm of independent certified public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to
pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal
(and premium, if any) and interest, if any, to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities that have become due and payable) or
to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be;
(2) the
Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and
(3) the
Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent
herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been met.
Notwithstanding the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 607, the obligations of the Trustee
to any Authenticating Agent under Section 614 and, if money or Eligible Obligations have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant
to subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section or if money or Eligible Obligations shall have been deposited with or received by the Trustee
pursuant to Section 403, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last paragraph of Section 1003
shall survive.
(b) Upon satisfaction and discharge
of this Indenture as provided in this Section 401, the Trustee shall assign, transfer and turn over to the Company, subject to
the lien provided by Section 607, any and all money, securities and other property then held by the Trustee for the benefit of
the Holders of the Securities other than money and Eligible Obligations held by the Trustee pursuant to Section 402.
Section 402. Application
of Trust Money. (a) Neither the Eligible Obligations nor the money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 403(e), nor
the principal or interest payments on any such Eligible Obligations, shall be withdrawn or used for any purpose other than, and shall
be held in trust for, the payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the Securities or portions of principal
amount thereof in respect of which such deposit was made, all subject, however, to the provisions of Section 1003; provided,
however, that, so long as there shall not have occurred and be continuing an Event of Default, any cash received from such principal
or interest payments on such Eligible Obligations deposited with the Trustee, if not then needed for such purpose, shall, to the extent
practicable, be invested in Eligible Obligations of the type described in Section 403(e)(2)(A) maturing at such times and in such
amounts as shall be sufficient to pay when due the principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, due and to become due on such
Securities or portions thereof on and prior to the Maturity thereof, and interest earned from such reinvestment shall be paid over to
the Company as received by the Trustee, free and clear of any trust, lien or pledge under this Indenture except the lien provided by Section
607; and provided, further, that, so long as there shall not have occurred and be continuing an Event of Default, any moneys
held by the Trustee in accordance with this Section on the Maturity of all such Securities in excess of the amount required to pay the
principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, then due on such Securities shall be paid over to the Company free and clear of
any trust, lien or pledge under this Indenture except the lien provided by Section 607.
(b) The
Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against Eligible Obligations
deposited pursuant to Section 401, 403 or 1007 or the interest and principal received in respect of such obligations
other than any payable by or on behalf of Holders.
Section 403. Satisfaction,
Discharge and Defeasance of Securities of Any Series. The Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness
on all the Outstanding Securities of any series or Tranche, or any portion of the principal amount thereof, on the 91st day after the
date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (e) hereof, and the provisions of this Indenture, as it relates to such Outstanding Securities
of such series, shall be satisfied and discharged and shall no longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall
at Company Request execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except as to:
(a) the
rights of Holders of Securities of such series to receive, solely from the trust funds described in subparagraph (e) hereof, (i) payment
of the principal of (and premium, if any) and each installment of principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the Outstanding
Securities of such series, or portions thereof, on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest or to
and including the Redemption Date irrevocably designated by the Company pursuant to subparagraph (k) hereof and (ii) the benefit of any
mandatory sinking fund payments applicable to the Securities of such series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance
with the terms of this Indenture and the Securities of such series;
(b) the
obligations of the Company and the Trustee with respect to such Securities of such series under Sections 304, 305, 306, 614,
1002, 1003 and 1203 and, if the Company shall have irrevocably designated a Redemption Date pursuant to subparagraph (k) hereof, Sections
1104 and 1106; and
(c) the
Company’s obligations with respect to the Trustee under Section 607;
provided that, the following
conditions shall have been satisfied:
(d) the
Company has deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in Section 402) with the Trustee as trust funds
in trust, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of the Securities of such series,
(i) money in an amount, or (ii) (A) Eligible Obligations which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance
with their terms will provide on or before the due date of any payment referred to in clause (x) or (y) of this subparagraph (e) money
in an amount or (B) a combination thereof, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public
accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge (x) the principal of (and premium,
if any) and each installment of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities on the Stated Maturity of such
principal or installment of principal or interest or to and including the Redemption Date irrevocably designated by the Company pursuant
to subparagraph (k) hereof and (y) any mandatory sinking fund payments applicable to the Securities of such series on the day on which
such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of the Securities of such series;
(e) such
deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument
to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;
(f) such
provision would not cause any Outstanding Securities of such series then listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market or other securities exchange
to be delisted as a result thereof;
(g) no
Event of Default or event that with notice or lapse of time would become an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series
has occurred and is continuing on the date of such deposit or during the period ending on the 91st day after such date;
(h) the
Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (x) the Company has received
from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (y) there has been a change in law or regulation occurring
after the date hereof, to the effect that Holders of the Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal
income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amount
and in the same manner and at the same times, as would have been the case if such deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred;
(i) the
Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent
provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied with; and
(j) if
the Company has deposited or caused to be deposited money or Eligible Obligations to pay or discharge the principal of (and premium, if
any) and interest on the Outstanding Securities of a series to and including a Redemption Date pursuant to subparagraph (e) hereof, such
Redemption Date shall be irrevocably designated by a Board Resolution delivered to the Trustee on or prior to the date of deposit of such
money or Eligible Obligations, and such Board Resolution shall be accompanied by an irrevocable Company Request that the Trustee give
notice of such redemption in the name and at the expense of the Company not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to such Redemption
Date in accordance with Section 1104.
ARTICLE V
REMEDIES
Section 501. Events of
Default. “Event of Default”, wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series, means any one
of the following events:
(1) default
in the payment of any interest upon any Security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a
period of 30 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of the interest payment period by the Company as contemplated in Section
312 shall not constitute a failure to pay interest for this purpose; or
(2) default
in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security of that series at its Maturity; or
(3) default
in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due by the terms of a Security of that series; or
(4) default
in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of the Company in this Indenture (other than a covenant or warranty a default
in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been included in this
Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more series of Securities other than that series), and continuance of such default or breach
for a period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and
the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series a written notice
specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default”
hereunder; or
(5) the
entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of (A) a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case
or proceeding under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or (B) a decree or order
adjudging the Company a bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment
or composition of or in respect of the Company under any applicable federal or state law, or appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator,
assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding
up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order for relief or any such other decree or order unstayed
and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or
(6) the
commencement by the Company of a voluntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization
or other similar law or of any other case or proceeding to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by it to the entry of
a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or to the commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency case or proceeding against it,
or the filing by it of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable federal or state law, or
the consent by it to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking possession by a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee,
trustee, sequestrator or similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property, or the making by it of an assignment
for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, or the
taking of corporate action by the Company in furtherance of any such action; or
(7) any
other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of such series as contemplated by Sections 301 and 901(3).
Section 502. Acceleration
of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. If an Event of Default with respect to any series or Tranche of Senior Securities at the time
Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then, unless the principal of and interest on such series or Tranche of Senior Securities has already
become due and payable, either the Trustee or the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of such series or Tranche of Senior
Securities then outstanding, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by such Holders), may declare the principal
of and interest on all the Senior Securities of such series or Tranche (or if any of the Senior Securities are Original Issue Discount
Securities or Indexed Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified in the terms thereof) to
be due and payable immediately and upon any such declaration the same shall become immediately due and payable, anything in this Indenture
or in the Senior Securities of such series or Tranche contained to the contrary notwithstanding; provided, however, that
if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to more than one series or Tranche of Senior Securities, the Trustee
or the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Senior Securities (or if any of the Senior Securities are
Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified
in the terms thereof) of all such series or Tranches (voting as one class) may make such declaration of acceleration, and not the Holders
of the Senior Securities of any one of such series or Tranches.
If an Event of Default with
respect to any series or Tranche of Subordinated Securities at the time Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then, unless the principal
of and interest on such series or Tranche of Subordinated Securities has already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the Holders
of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Subordinated Securities of such series or Tranche then outstanding, by notice in writing
to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by such Holders), may declare the principal of and interest on all the Subordinated Securities
of such series or Tranche (or if any of the Subordinated Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities, such
portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified in the terms thereof) to be due and payable immediately and upon
any such declaration the same shall become immediately due and payable, anything in this Indenture or in the Subordinated Securities of
such series contained to the contrary notwithstanding; provided, however, that if an Event of Default has occurred and is
continuing with respect to more than one series or Tranche of Subordinated Securities, the Trustee or the Holders of a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the Outstanding Subordinated Securities (or if any of the Subordinated Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities
or Indexed Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified in the terms thereof) of all such series
or Tranche (voting as one class) may make such declaration of acceleration, and not the Holders of the Subordinated Securities of any
one of such series or Tranches.
In the case of any declaration
of acceleration of the Stated Maturity of any Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities of a series, the Company shall
furnish the Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate stating the amount of principal to be paid to a Holder of $1,000 principal amount
of such Securities.
At any time after such a declaration
of acceleration with respect to Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has
been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Event or Events of Default giving rise to such declaration of
acceleration shall, without further act, be deemed to have been waived, and such declaration and its consequences shall, without further
act, be deemed to have been rescinded and annulled, if
(1) the
Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay
(A) all
overdue interest on all Securities of any such series,
(B) the
principal of (and premium, if any, on) any Securities of such series that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration
and interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,
(C) to
the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,
and
(D) all
amounts due to the Trustee under Section 607;
and
(2) all
Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series, other than the non-payment of the principal of Securities of that series
that have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 513.
No such rescission shall affect
any subsequent Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
Section 503. Collection
of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. If an Event of Default described in clause (1) or (2) of Section 501
has occurred and is continuing, the Company shall, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities
of the series with respect to which such Event of Default has occurred, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal
(and premium, if any) and interest, if any, and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on
any overdue principal (and premium, if any) and on any overdue interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,
and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover any amounts due to the Trustee under Section 607.
If the Company fails to pay
such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding
for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against
the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided
by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever situated.
If an Event of Default with
respect to Securities of any series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights
and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee deems most effectual
to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid
of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.
Section 504. Trustee
May File Proofs of Claim. In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement,
adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property
of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall
then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any
demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding
or otherwise,
(i) to file
and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities
and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any
claim for amounts due to the Trustee under Section 607 and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and
(ii) to
collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;
and any
custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby
authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, if the Trustee consents to the making of such payments directly
to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it under Section 607.
Nothing herein contained shall
be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement,
adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect
of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.
Section 505. Trustee
May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities or Coupons. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities
or coupons may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or coupons or the production
thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee
of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the amounts due to the Trustee under Section
607, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities and coupons in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.
Section 506. Application
of Money Collected. Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date
or dates fixed by the Trustee, and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest,
if any, upon presentation of the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money shall have been collected and the
notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:
FIRST: To the payment of all
amounts due the Trustee under Section 607;
SECOND: To the payment of the
amounts then due and unpaid for principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the Securities in respect of which or for
the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due
and payable on such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, respectively; and
THIRD: The balance, if any,
to the Company.
The Trustee may fix a record
date (with respect to Registered Securities) and payment date for any such payment to Holders of Securities.
Section 507. Limitation
on Suits. No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect
to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless
(1) such
Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that series;
(2) the
Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all series of Senior Securities in
respect of which an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, considered as one class, shall have made written request to the Trustee
to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder if such holder is a Holder of Senior
Securities or the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all series of Subordinated
Securities in respect of which an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, considered as one class, shall have made written request
to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder if such Holder is a Holder
of Subordinated Securities;
(3) such
Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity against the reasonable costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance
with such request;
(4) the
Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and
(5) no
direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all series;
it being understood and intended
that (subject to Section 508) no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing
of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to
obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein
provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all of such Holders.
Section 508. Unconditional
Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of
any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and
(subject to Section 307) interest, if any, on such Security on the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or,
in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date, or, in the case of repayment at the option of the Holder, on the Repayment Date) and
to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.
Section 509. Restoration
of Rights and Remedies. If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture
and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder,
then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and such Holder shall be restored
severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and such Holder shall
continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.
Section 510. Rights
and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or
stolen Securities in the last paragraph of Section 306, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or
to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by
law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or
otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment
of any other appropriate right or remedy.
Section 511. Delay or
Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing
upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence
therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and
as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.
Section 512. Control
by Holders. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing in respect of a series of Securities, the Holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect
to the Securities of such series or Tranche; provided, however, that if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with
respect to more than one series of Senior Securities, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of all such series, considered as one class, shall have the right to make such direction, an not the Holders of the Senior Securities
of any one of such series, and if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to more than one series of Subordinated
Securities, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of all such series, considered as one class, shall have the right
to make such direction, and not the Holders of the Subordinated Securities of any one of such series; provided, further that
(1) such
direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture, and
(2) the
Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction.
Section 513. Waiver
of Past Defaults. The Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series
may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series waive any past default hereunder with respect to such series and its
consequences; provided that if any such past default has occurred with respect to more than one series of Senior Securities, the
Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all such series, considered as one class, may make
such waiver, and not the Holders of any one of such series; provided further that if any such past default has occurred with respect
to more than one series of Subordinated Securities, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of all such series, considered as one class, may make such waiver, and not the Holders of any one of such series, in each case except
a default
(1) in
the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any Security of such series, or
(2) in
respect of a covenant or provision hereof that under Section 902 cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder
of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.
Upon any such waiver, such
default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this
Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.
Section 514. Undertaking
for Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have
agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or
in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit
of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable
attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses
made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted
by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in aggregate principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of all series in respect of which such suit may be brought, considered as one class, or to any suit
instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any Security
on or after the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date,
or, in the case of repayment at the option of the Holder, on or after the Repayment Date).
Section 515. Waiver
of Stay or Extension Laws. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon,
or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at
any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that
it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or
impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though
no such law had been enacted.
ARTICLE VI
THE TRUSTEE
Section 601. Certain
Duties and Responsibilities. (a) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series,
(1) the
Trustee undertakes to perform, with respect to Securities of such series, such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth
in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and
(2) in
the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may, with respect to Securities of such series, conclusively rely, as to the truth of
the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming
to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically
required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform
to the requirements of this Indenture.
(b) If
an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise, with respect
to Securities of such series, such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill
in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.
(c) No
provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure
to act, or its own wilful misconduct, except that
(1) this
subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect of sub-section (a) of this Section;
(2) the
Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved that the
Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;
(3) the
Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction
of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any one or more series, as provided herein,
relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or
power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series; and
(4) no
provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the
performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it has reasonable grounds for believing
that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.
(d) Whether
or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording
protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section.
Section 602. Notice
of Defaults. Within 90 days after the occurrence of any default hereunder with respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee
shall transmit by mail to all Holders of Securities of such series entitled to receive reports pursuant to Section 704(3) (and,
if Unregistered Securities of that series are outstanding, shall cause to be published at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in The
City of New York and, if Securities of that series are listed on any stock exchange outside of the United States, in the city in which
such stock exchange is located) notice of such default hereunder known to the Trustee, unless such default shall have been cured or waived;
provided, however, that, except in the case of a default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest,
if any, on any Security of such series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment with respect to Securities of such series, the
Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee
of directors or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of
the Holders of Securities of such series; and provided, further, that in the case of any default of the character specified in
Section 501(4) with respect to Securities of such series, no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least 75 days after
the occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section, the term “default” means any event that is, or after
notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to Securities of such series.
Section 603. Certain
Rights of Trustee. Subject to the provisions of Section 601 and to the applicable provisions of the Trust Indenture Act:
(a) the
Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion,
report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document reasonably
believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;
(b) any
request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order, or as otherwise
expressly provided herein, and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;
(c) whenever
in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering
or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith
on its part, rely upon an Officer’s Certificate or a certificate of an officer or officers delivered pursuant to Section 301
and such Officer’s Certificate or certificate of an officer or officers, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of
the Trustee, shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it under the provisions of this Indenture
upon the faith thereof;
(d) the
Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization
and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;
(e) the
Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction
of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity
against the costs, expenses and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction;
(f) the
Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument,
opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document,
but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and,
if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall (subject to applicable legal requirements) be entitled
to examine, during normal business hours, the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney; and
(g) the
Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys
and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care
by it hereunder; no Depository or Paying Agent shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any
act or omission by any of them.
Section 604. Not Responsible
for Recitals or Issuance of Securities. The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee’s certificate
of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee or any Authenticating Agent assumes no responsibility
for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities of
any series or any coupons. The Trustee or any Authenticating Agent shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company
of Securities or the proceeds thereof. The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representations as to the Company’s
ability or authority to issue the Unregistered Securities or the lawfulness thereof.
Section 605. May Hold
Securities. The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar or any other agent of the Company or the
Trustee, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to Sections 608 and
613, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying
Agent, Security Registrar or such other agent.
Section 606. Money Held
in Trust. Money held by the Trustee or by any Paying Agent (other than the Company if the Company shall act as Paying Agent) in trust
hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. Neither the Trustee nor any Paying Agent shall
be liable for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as expressly provided herein or otherwise agreed with the Company.
Section 607. Compensation
and Reimbursement. The Company agrees
(1) to
pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be
limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);
(2) except
as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances
incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses
and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence,
wilful misconduct or bad faith; and
(3) to
indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense reasonably incurred without negligence, wilful
misconduct or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder
or performance of its duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection
with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.
As security for the performance
of the obligations of the Company under this Section, the Trustee shall have a claim prior to the Securities and any coupons upon all
property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except property and funds held in trust for the payment of principal of (and
premium, if any) or interest, if any, on particular Securities or any coupons.
Section 608. Disqualification;
Conflicting Interests. If the Trustee has or acquires any conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust Indenture Act with
respect to the Securities of any series, it shall either eliminate such conflicting interest or resign to the extent, in the manner and
with the effect, and subject to the conditions, provided in the Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture. For purposes of Section 310(b)(1)
of the Trust Indenture Act and to the extent permitted thereby, the Trustee, in its capacity as trustee in respect of the equally ranked
and unsecured Securities of any series, shall not be deemed to have a conflicting interest arising from its capacity as trustee in respect
of the equally ranked and unsecured Securities of any other series under this Indenture or any securities issued under the Indenture dated
as of [ ] between the Company and the Trustee [specifically describe other outstanding indentures with the Trustee].
Section 609. Corporate
Trustee Required; Eligibility. There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder that shall be a corporation organized and doing business
under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia (or such other Person as may be permitted
to act as Trustee by the Commission), authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus
of at least $50,000,000, subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and qualified and eligible under this Article,
provided that, neither the Company nor any Affiliate of the Company may serve as Trustee of any Securities. If such corporation
publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then
for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and
surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee ceases to be eligible in accordance
with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.
Section 610. Resignation
and Removal; Appointment of Successor. (a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant
to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable
requirements of Section 611.
(b) The
Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If
the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 611 has not been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days
after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment
of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.
(c) The
Company may at any time by a Board Resolution remove the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any or all series.
(d) The
Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company.
(e) If
at any time:
(1) the
Trustee fails to comply with Section 608 with respect to the Securities of any series, after written request therefor by the Company
or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months, or
(2) the
Trustee ceases to be eligible under Section 609 and fails to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any such
Holder, or
(3) the
Trustee becomes incapable of acting or becomes adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property is appointed
or any public officer takes charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation
or liquidation,
then, in any such case, subject
to Section 514, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and
all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities
and the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees.
(f) If
the Trustee resigns, is removed or becomes incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with
respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees
with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect
to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities
of any particular series) and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 611. If, within one year after such resignation,
removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series is appointed
by Act of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company
and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with
the applicable requirements of Section 611, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to that
extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series
has been so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 611, any Holder
who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months may, subject to Section 514, on behalf of
himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of such series.
(g) The
Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment
of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series by mailing written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage
prepaid, to all Holders of Securities of such series entitled to receive reports pursuant to Section 704(3) and, if any Unregistered
Securities are outstanding, by publishing notice of such event once in an Authorized Newspaper in The City of New York and, if any Unregistered
Securities are listed on any stock exchange outside of the United States, in the city in which such stock exchange is located. Each notice
shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.
(h) All
provisions of this Section except subparagraph (d) and Section 611(b) (except for the last clause, after omitting the words “after
deducting all amounts owed to the retiring Trustee pursuant to Section 607,” which shall apply) shall apply also to any Paying
Agent located outside the United States and its possessions.
Section 611. Acceptance
of Appointment by Successor. (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of
all series, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee
an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and
such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its
charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee
and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder,
subject nevertheless to its lien provided for in Section 607.
(b) In
case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company,
the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture
supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall
be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates,
(2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary
or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that
or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add
to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts
hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees
co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust
or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation
or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any
further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect
to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or
any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee, after deducting all amounts
owed to the retiring Trustee pursuant to Section 607, all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect
to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates.
(c) Upon
request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming
to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be.
(d) No
successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible
under this Article.
Section 612. Merger,
Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which
it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party,
or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee
hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing
of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not
delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt
such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated
such Securities. In case any Securities shall not have been authenticated by such predecessor Trustee, any such successor Trustee may
authenticate and deliver such Securities, in either its own name or that of its predecessor Trustee, with the full force and effect which
this Indenture provides for the certificate of authentication of the Trustee.
Section 613. Preferential
Collection of Claims Against Company. The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed
in TIA § 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated
therein.
Section 614. Appointment
of Authenticating Agent. At any time when any of the Securities remain Outstanding the Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent
or Agents (which may include any Person that owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock of the Trustee or a corporation that
is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Trustee or of such other Person) with respect to one or more series of Securities, or any Tranche
thereof, that shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series or Tranche issued upon original
issuance, exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to Section 306, and Securities so authenticated
shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee
hereunder. The Trustee shall mail written notice of such appointment by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities
of the series or Tranche with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve, and which are entitled to receive reports pursuant
to Section 704(3) and, if any Unregistered Securities are outstanding, by publishing notice of such event once in an Authorized
Newspaper in The City of New York and, if any Unregistered Securities are listed on any stock exchange outside of the United States, in
the city in which such stock exchange is located. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities
by the Trustee or the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery
on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating
Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business
under the laws of the United States of America, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating
Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $1,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state
authority. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said
supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent
shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time
an Authenticating Agent ceases to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign
immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.
Any corporation into which
an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency
or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation
shall be otherwise eligible under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee
or the Authenticating Agent.
An Authenticating Agent may
resign with respect to one or more series of Securities at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company.
The Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent with respect to one or more series of Securities by giving
written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination,
or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent ceases to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee
may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent that is acceptable to the Company and shall provide notice of such appointment to all Holders
of Securities of the series or Tranche with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve, as provided in paragraph (a) of this
Section. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers
and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating
Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section. An Authenticating Agent appointed pursuant to this Section
shall be entitled to rely on Sections 111, 308, 604 and 605 hereunder.
The Trustee agrees to pay
to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section, and the Trustee shall be entitled
to be reimbursed for such payments, subject to the provisions of Section 607.
If an appointment with respect
to the Securities of one or more series, or any Tranche thereof, is made pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series or Tranche
may have endorsed thereon, in addition to the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, an alternate certificate of authentication
in the following form:
This is one of the Securities
of the series designated pursuant to and issued under the within-mentioned Indenture.
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As Trustee |
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By |
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As Authenticating Agent on behalf of the Trustee |
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By |
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Authorized Officer of Authenticating Agent |
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Dated: ______________________ |
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If all of the Securities of
a series may not be originally issued at one time, and if the Trustee does not have an office capable of authenticating Securities upon
original issuance located in a Place of Payment where the Company wishes to have Securities of such series authenticated upon original
issuance, the Trustee, if so requested by the Company in writing (which writing need not comply with Section 102 and need not be
accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel), shall appoint, in accordance with this Section and in accordance with such procedures as shall
be acceptable to the Trustee, an Authenticating Agent (which, if so requested by the Company, may be an Affiliate of the Company) having
an office in a Place of Payment designated by the Company with respect to such series of Securities.
ARTICLE VII
HOLDERS’
LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY
Section 701. Company
to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee
(a) semi-annually,
not later than the 15th day after each Regular Record Date for each series of Registered Securities at the time Outstanding or on June
30 and December 31 of each year with respect to each series of Securities for which there are no Regular Record Dates, a list, in such
form as the Trustee may reasonably require, containing all the information in the possession or control of the Company, or any of its
Paying Agents other than the Trustee, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Registered Securities of such series, including Holders
of interests in Global Securities, as of such preceding Regular Record Date or on June 15 or December 15, as the case may be, or, in the
case of a series of non-interest bearing Securities, on a date to be determined as contemplated pursuant to Section 301, and
(b) at
such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of
similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished;
excluding from any such
list names and addresses received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar for Registered Securities other than Global Securities.
Section 702. Preservation
of Information; Communications to Holders. (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the
names and addresses of Holders of Registered Securities contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section
701 and the names and addresses of Holders of Registered Securities received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar
or Paying Agent. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 701 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.
(b) If
three or more Holders (herein referred to as “applicants”) apply in writing to the Trustee, and furnish to the Trustee reasonable
proof that each such applicant has owned a Security for a period of at least six months preceding the date of such application, and such
application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under
the Securities and is accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other communication that such applicants propose to transmit, then
the Trustee shall, within five business days after the receipt of such application, at its election, either
(i) afford
such applicants access to the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a), or
(ii) inform
such applicants as to the approximate number of Holders whose names and addresses appear in the information preserved at the time by the
Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a), and as to the approximate cost of mailing to such Holders the form of proxy or other
communication, if any, specified in such application.
If the Trustee elects not
to afford such applicants access to such information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such applicants, mail to each Holder
whose name and address appear in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a) a copy
of the form of proxy or other communication that is specified in such request, with reasonable promptness after a tender to the Trustee
by the applicants of the material to be mailed and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses of mailing, unless
within five days after such tender the Trustee shall mail to such applicants and file with the Commission, together with a copy of the
material to be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of the Trustee, such mailing would be contrary to the best
interest of the Holders or would be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify the basis of such opinion. If
the Commission, after opportunity for a hearing upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed, enters an order refusing
to sustain any of such objections or if, after the entry of an order sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission finds,
after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all the objections so sustained have been met and enters an order so declaring, the Trustee
shall mail copies of such material to all such Holders with reasonable promptness after the entry of such order and the renewal of such
tender by such applicants; otherwise the Trustee shall be relieved of any obligation or duty to such applicants respecting their application.
(c) Every
Holder of Securities or coupons, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor
the Trustee nor any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names
and addresses of the Holders in accordance with Section 702(b), regardless of the source from which such information was derived,
and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under Section 702(b).
Section 703. Reports
by Trustee. (a) Within 60 days after May 15 of each year commencing with the year 20__, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all
Holders of Registered Securities of any series, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register and to all other Holders
who are entitled to receive reports pursuant to Section 704(3), a brief report dated as of such May 15 with respect to any of the
following events which may have occurred within the previous 12 months (but if no such event has occurred within such period no report
need be transmitted):
(1) any
change to its eligibility under Section 609 and its qualifications under Section 608;
(2) the
creation of or any material change to a relationship specified in paragraphs (1) through (10) of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture
Act;
(3) the
character and amount of any advances (and if the Trustee elects so to state, the circumstances surrounding the making thereof) made by
the Trustee (as such) which remain unpaid on the date of such report, and for the reimbursement of which it claims or may claim a lien
or charge, prior to that of the Securities of such series or any related coupons, on any property or funds held or collected by it as
Trustee, except that the Trustee shall not be required (but may elect) to report such advances if such advances so remaining unpaid aggregate
not more than one-half of 1% of the principal amount of the Securities of such series Outstanding on the date of such report;
(4) the
amount, interest rate and maturity date of all other indebtedness owing by the Company (or by any other obligor on the Securities of such
series) to the Trustee in its individual capacity, on the date of such report, with a brief description of any property held as collateral
security therefor, except an indebtedness based upon a creditor relationship arising in any manner described in paragraphs (2),
(3), (4) or (6) of Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act;
(5) any
change to the property and funds, if any, physically in the possession of the Trustee as such on the date of such report;
(6) any
additional issue of Securities which the Trustee has not previously reported; and
(7) any
action taken by the Trustee in the performance of its duties hereunder which it has not previously reported and which in its opinion materially
affects the Securities of such series, except action in respect of a default, notice of which has been or is to be withheld by the Trustee
in accordance with Section 602.
(b) The
Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders of Registered Securities of any series, as their names and addresses appear in the Security
Register and to all Holders who are entitled to receive reports pursuant to Section 704(3), a brief report with respect to the
character and amount of any advances (and if the Trustee elects so to state, the circumstances surrounding the making thereof) made by
the Trustee (as such) since the date of the last report transmitted pursuant to subsection (a) of this Section (or if no such report has
yet been so transmitted, since the date of execution of this instrument) for the reimbursement of which it claims or may claim a lien
or charge, prior to that of the Securities of such series, on property or funds held or collected by it as Trustee and which it has not
previously reported pursuant to this subsection, except that the Trustee shall not be required (but may elect) to report such advances
if such advances remaining unpaid at any time aggregate 10% or less of the principal amount of the Securities of such series Outstanding
at such time, such report to be transmitted within 90 days after such time.
(c) A
copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which
any Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee in writing when any Securities
are listed on any stock exchange.
Section 704. Reports
by Company. The Company shall:
(1) file
with the Trustee, within 45 days after the Company is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and
of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to
time by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to
either of said Sections, then it shall file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from
time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports that may be required pursuant
to Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in respect of a security listed and registered on a national securities exchange
as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;
(2) file
with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission, such additional information,
documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be required
from time to time by such rules and regulations; and
(3) transmit
by mail to all Holders of Registered Securities, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register, to such Holders of Unregistered
Securities as have, within the two years preceding such transmission, filed their names and addresses with the Trustee for that purpose
and to each Holder whose name and address is then preserved on the Trustee’s list pursuant to the first sentence of Section 702(a),
within 30 days after the filing thereof with the Trustee, such summaries of any information, documents and reports required to be filed
by the Company pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Section as may be required by rules and regulations prescribed from time to
time by the Commission.
ARTICLE VIII
CONSOLIDATION,
MERGER, CONVEYANCE OR TRANSFER
Section 801. Company
May Consolidate, Etc. Only on Certain Terms. The Company shall not consolidate with or merge into any other corporation or convey,
transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person, unless:
(1) the
corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the Person that acquires by conveyance, transfer or lease
the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety shall be a Person organized and existing under the laws of the United
States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed
and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of (and premium, if any)
and interest, if any, on all the Outstanding Securities and the performance of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company
to be performed or observed;
(2) immediately
after giving effect to such transaction, no Event of Default and no event that, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an
Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing;
(3) the
Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger,
conveyance, transfer or lease and such supplemental indenture comply with this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided
for relating to such transaction have been met.
Section 802. Successor
Corporation Substituted. Upon any consolidation or merger or any conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all the properties
and assets of the Company in accordance with Section 801, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into which
the Company is merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise
every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation had been named as the
Company herein and thereafter, in the case of a conveyance, transfer or lease of properties and assets of the Company substantially as
an entirety, such conveyance, transfer or lease shall have the effect of releasing the Person named as the “Company” in the
first paragraph of this instrument or any successor corporation which shall theretofore have become such in the manner prescribed in this
Article from its liability as obligor and maker on any of the Securities.
ARTICLE IX
SUPPLEMENTAL
INDENTURES
Section 901. Supplemental
Indentures Without Consent of Holders. Without the consent of any Holders, the Company and the Trustee, at any time and from time
to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:
(1) to
evidence the succession of another Person to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein
and in the Securities; or
(2) to
add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities, or any Tranche thereof (and if
such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included
solely for the benefit of such series), or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; or
(3) to
add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any series of Securities Outstanding hereunder; or
(4) to
add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance of
Securities in bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to principal, and with or without interest coupons; or
(5) to
change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture, or to add any new provision to this Indenture, in respect of one or more
series or Tranches of Securities; provided, however, that any such change, elimination or addition (A) shall neither (i)
apply to any Security Outstanding on the date of such indenture supplemental hereto nor (ii) modify the rights of the Holder of any such
Security with respect to such provision in effect prior to the date of such indenture supplemental hereto or (B) shall become effective
only when no Security of such series or Tranche remains Outstanding; or
(6) to
secure the Securities pursuant to the requirements of any covenant on liens in respect of such series of Securities or otherwise; or
(7) to
establish for the issuance of and establish the form or terms and conditions of Securities of any series or Tranche as permitted by Section
301, and to establish the form of any certificates required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or any series
of Securities; or
(8) to
provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of all, or any series or Tranche of, certificated Securities; or
(9) to
evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a separate or successor Trustee or co-trustee with respect to the
Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for
or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 611(b);
or
(10) to
change any place or places where (a) the principal of or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on all or any series of Securities, or
any Tranche thereof, shall be payable, (b) all or any series of Securities, or any Tranche thereof, may be surrendered for registration
or transfer, (c) all or any series of Securities, or any Tranche thereof, may be surrendered for exchange and (d) notices and demands
to or upon the Company in respect of all or any series of Securities, or any Tranche thereof, and this Indenture may be served;
(11) to
cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein,
provided such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series or Tranche in any material
respect; or
(12) to
make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Indenture, provided such action shall not adversely
affect the interests of the Holders of any Securities of any series or Tranche Outstanding on the date of such indenture supplemental
hereto.
Without limiting the generality
of the foregoing, if the Trust Indenture Act as in effect at the date of the execution and delivery of this Indenture or at any time thereafter
becomes amended and
(x) if
any such amendment requires one or more changes to any provisions hereof or the inclusion herein of any additional provisions, or by operation
of law is deemed to effect such changes or incorporate such provisions by reference or otherwise, this Indenture shall be deemed to have
been amended so as to conform to such amendment to the Trust Indenture Act, and the Company and the Trustee may, without the consent of
any Holders, enter into an indenture supplemental hereto to effect or evidence such changes or additional provisions; or
(y) if
any such amendment permits one or more changes to, or the elimination of, any provisions hereof that, at the date hereof or at any time
thereafter, are required by the Trust Indenture Act to be contained herein (or if it is no longer required by the TIA for the Indenture
to contain one or more provisions), this Indenture shall be deemed to have been amended to effect such changes or elimination, and the
Company and the Trustee may, without the consent of any Holders, enter into an indenture supplemental hereto to evidence such amendment
hereof; or
(z) if,
by reason of any such amendment, it shall be no longer necessary for this Indenture to contain one or more provisions that, at the date
of the execution and delivery hereof, are required by the Trust Indenture Act to be contained herein, the Company and the Trustee may,
without the consent of any Holders, enter into an indenture supplemental hereto to effect the elimination of such provisions.
Section 902. Supplemental
Indentures With Consent of Holders. (a) Except as set forth in paragraph (c) below, with the consent of the Holders of not less
than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Senior Securities of all series then Outstanding (considered as one class), the Company,
when authorized by a resolution of its Board of Directors (which resolution may provide general terms or parameters for such action and
may provide that the specific terms of such action may be determined in accordance with or pursuant to a Company Order), and the Trustee
may, from time to time and at any time, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions
to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in
any manner the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each such series or Tranche or of the Coupons appertaining to such Securities
or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series or Tranche under this Indenture; provided, however,
that if there are Senior Securities of more than one series Outstanding hereunder and if a proposed supplemental indenture shall directly
affect the rights of the Holders of Senior Securities of one or more, but less than all, of such series, then the consent only of the
Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all series so directly affected, considered as one
class, shall be required; and provided, further, that if the Securities of any series have been issued in more than one Tranche
and if the proposed supplemental indenture shall directly affect the rights of the Holders of Senior Securities of one or more, but less
than all, of such Tranches, then the consent only of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of all Tranches so directly affected, considered as one class, shall be required.
(b) Except
as set forth in paragraph (c) below, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Subordinated Securities of all series then Outstanding (considered as one class), the Company, when authorized by a resolution of its
Board of Directors (which resolution may provide general terms or parameters for such action and may provide that the specific terms of
such action may be determined in accordance with or pursuant to a Company Order), and the Trustee may, from time to time and at any time,
enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating
any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of the
Securities of each such series or of the Coupons appertaining to such Securities or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders
of Securities of such series or Tranche under this Indenture; provided, however, that if there are Subordinated Securities of more
than one series Outstanding hereunder and if a proposed supplemental indenture shall directly affect the rights of the Holders of Subordinated
Securities of one or more, but less than all, of such series, then the consent only of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of all series so directly affected, considered as one class, shall be required; and provided,
further, that if the Securities of any series have been issued in more than one Tranche and if the proposed supplemental indenture
shall directly affect the rights of the Holders of Subordinated Securities of one or more, but less than all, of such Tranches, then the
consent only of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all Tranches so directly affected,
considered as one class, shall be required.
(c)
No such supplemental indenture or waiver shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby,
(1) change
the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest on, any Security, or reduce the principal amount
thereof or the rate of interest thereon (or the amount of any installment of interest thereon) or any premium payable upon the redemption
thereof, or change the method of calculating the rate of interest thereon, or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original Issue
Discount Security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502,
or change the coin or currency (or other property) in which, any Security or any premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair
the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption,
on or after the Redemption Date, or, in the case of repayment at the option of the Holders, on or after the Repayment Date), or modify
any provisions of this Indenture with respect to the conversion or exchange of the Securities into Securities of another series or into
any other debt or equity securities in a manner adverse to the Holders, or
(2) reduce
the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, the consent of whose Holders is
required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with certain provisions
of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences provided for in this indenture, or
(3) modify
any of the provisions of this Section, Section 513 or Section 1007, except to increase any such percentage or to provide
that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security
affected thereby, provided, however, that this clause shall not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect
to changes in the references to “the Trustee” and concomitant changes in this Section and Section 1007, or the deletion
of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of Sections 611(b) and 901(9).
A supplemental indenture that
changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture that has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one
or more particular series of Securities, or one or more Tranches thereof, or that modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of
such series or Tranches with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture
of the Holders of Securities of any other series or Tranche.
It shall not be necessary
for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient
if such Act shall approve the substance thereof. A waiver by a Holder of such Holder’s rights to consent under this Section shall
be deemed to be a consent of such Holder.
Section 903. Execution
of Supplemental Indentures. In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this
Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to
Section 601) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture
is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture
that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.
Section 904. Effect
of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified
in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities
theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby. Any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article
may restate this Indenture in its entirety, and, upon the execution and delivery thereof, any such restatement shall supersede this Indenture
as theretofore in effect for all purposes.
Section 905. Conformity
With Trust Indenture Act. Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the
Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.
Section 906. Reference
in Securities to Supplemental Indentures. Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, authenticated and delivered after the
execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved
by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company so determines, new Securities of any series,
or any Tranche thereof, and any appertaining coupons so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any
such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for
Outstanding Securities of such series or Tranche and any appertaining coupons.
Section 907. Revocation
and Effect of Consents. Until an amendment or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a continuing
consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting
Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may
revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date on which
the Trustee receives an Officer’s Certificate certifying that the Holders of the requisite principal amount of Securities have consented
to the amendment or waiver. After an amendment or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder of each series of Securities affected
by such amendment or waiver.
The Company may, but shall
not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment or waiver. If a
record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the provisions of the immediately preceding paragraph, those persons who were Holders at such
record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those persons, shall be entitled to consent to such amendment or waiver or to
revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such persons continue to be Holders after such record date.
After an amendment or waiver
becomes effective it shall bind every Holder, unless it is of the type described in any of clauses (1) through (3) of Section 902(c).
In such case, the amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security
that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security.
Section 908. Modification
Without Supplemental Indenture. If the terms of any particular series of Securities have been established in a Board Resolution or
an Officer’s Certificate as contemplated by Section 301, and not in an indenture supplemental hereto, additions to, changes
in or the elimination of any of such terms may be effected by means of a supplemental Board Resolution or Officer’s Certificate,
as the case may be, delivered to, and accepted by, the Trustee; provided, however, that such supplemental Board Resolution or Officer’s
Certificate shall not be accepted by the Trustee or otherwise be effective unless all conditions set forth in this Indenture that would
be required to be satisfied if such additions, changes or elimination were contained in a supplemental indenture shall have been appropriately
satisfied. Upon the acceptance thereof by the Trustee, any such supplemental Board Resolution or Officer’s Certificate shall be
deemed to be a “supplemental indenture” for purposes of Sections 904 and 906.
ARTICLE X
COVENANTS
Section 1001. Payment
of Principal, Premium and Interest. Subject to the following provisions, the Company will pay to the Trustee the amounts, in such
coin or currency as is at the time legal tender for the payment of public or private debt, in the manner, at the times and for the purposes
set forth herein and in the text of the Securities for each series, and the Company hereby authorizes and directs the Trustee from funds
so paid to it to make or cause to be made payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the Securities and
coupons of each series as set forth herein and in the text of such Securities and coupons. Unless otherwise provided in the Securities
of a series, the Trustee will arrange directly with any Paying Agents for the payment, or the Trustee will make payment, from funds furnished
by the Company, of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the Securities and coupons of each series by check or
draft.
Unless otherwise provided
in the Securities of a series, interest, if any, on Registered Securities of a series shall be paid by check or draft on each Interest
Payment Date for such series to the Holder thereof at the close of business on the relevant record dates specified in the Securities of
such series. The Company may pay such interest by check or draft mailed to such Holder’s address as it appears on the register for
Securities of such series. Unless otherwise provided in the Securities of a series, principal of Registered Securities shall be payable
by check or draft and only against presentation and surrender of such Registered Securities at the office of the Paying Agent, unless
the Company shall have otherwise instructed the Trustee in writing.
Unless otherwise provided
in the Securities of a series, (i) interest, if any, on Unregistered Securities shall be paid by check or draft and only against presentation
and surrender of the coupons for such interest installments as are evidenced thereby as they mature and (ii) original issue discount (as
defined in Section 1273 of the Code), if any, on Unregistered Securities shall be paid by check or draft and only against presentation
and surrender of such Securities, in either case at the office of a Paying Agent located outside of the United States and its possessions,
unless the Company has otherwise instructed the Trustee in an Officer’s Certificate. Unless otherwise provided in the Securities
of a series, principal of and premium, if any, of Unregistered Securities shall be paid by check or draft and only against presentation
and surrender of such Securities as provided in the Securities of a series. If at the time a payment of principal of and premium, if any,
or interest, if any, or original issue discount, if any, on an Unregistered Security or coupon becomes due and the payment of the full
amount so payable at the office or offices of all the Paying Agents outside the United States and its possessions is illegal or effectively
precluded because of the imposition of exchange controls or other similar restrictions on the payment of such amount in United States
currency, then the Company may instruct the Trustee in an Officer’s Certificate to make such payments at the office of a Paying
Agent located in the United States. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that it shall not so instruct the Trustee with respect to
payment in the United States if such payment would cause such Unregistered Security to be treated as a “registration-required obligation”
under United States law and regulations.
At the election of the Company,
any payments by the Company provided for in this Indenture or in any of the Securities may be made by electronic funds transfer.
Section 1002. Maintenance
of Office or Agency. The Company will maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of Securities, or any Tranche thereof, an office
or agency where Registered Securities, or any Tranche thereof, of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange
and a Place of Payment where (subject to Sections 305 and 307) Securities may be presented for payment or exchange and where
notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served. Unless otherwise
specified pursuant to Section 301 with respect to any such series, the Company shall maintain such offices or agencies in connection
with each series in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, State of New York. With respect to any series of Securities issued
in whole or in part as Unregistered Securities, the Company shall maintain one or more Paying Agents located outside the United States
and its possessions and shall maintain such Paying Agents for a period of one year after the principal of such Unregistered Securities
has become due and payable. During any period thereafter for which it is necessary in order to conform to United States tax law or regulations,
the Company will maintain a Paying Agent outside the United States and its possessions to which the Unregistered Securities or coupons
appertaining thereto may be presented for payment and will provide the necessary funds therefor to such Paying Agent upon reasonable notice.
The Security Registrar shall keep a register with respect to each series of Securities issued in whole or in part as Registered Securities
and to their transfer and exchange. The Company may appoint one or more co-Security Registrars acceptable to the Trustee and one or more
additional Paying Agents for each series of Securities, and the Company may terminate the appointment of any co-Security Registrar or
Paying Agent at any time upon written notice. The term “Security Registrar” includes any co-Security Registrar. The term “Paying
Agent” includes any additional Paying Agent. The Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any Agent not a party
to this Indenture. Subject to Section 305, if the Company fails to maintain a Security Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall
act as such. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office
or agency. If at any time the Company fails to maintain any such required office or agency or fails to furnish the Trustee with the address
thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the
Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.
The Company may also from
time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or surrendered
for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation
or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment for Securities
of any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and
of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.
In the case of Original Issue
Discount Securities of a series, the Company shall, prior to any Redemption Date or any Repayment Date applicable thereto, furnish the
Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate stating the amount of principal to be paid to a Holder of $1,000 principal amount of such
Securities.
Anything herein to the contrary
notwithstanding, any office or agency required by this Section may be maintained at any office of the Company in which event the Company
shall perform all functions to be performed at such office or agency.
Section 1003. Money
for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust. If the Company at any time acts as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of
Securities, or any Tranche thereof, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any,
on any of such Securities, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal
(and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due until such sums are paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided
and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.
Whenever the Company has one
or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, on or prior to (and if on, then before 11:00 a.m. (New York City time)) each
due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on such Securities, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient
(in immediately available funds, if payment is made on the due date) to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming
due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless such Paying
Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.
The Company will cause each
Paying Agent for any series of Securities, or any Tranche thereof, other than the Trustee, to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument
in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:
(1) hold
all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on Securities of such series or Tranche
in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums are paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;
(2) give
the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of such series or Tranche) in the making of
any payment of principal (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the Securities of such series or Tranche; and
(3) at
any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so
held in trust by such Paying Agent.
The Company may at any time,
for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct
any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee
upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying
Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.
Any money deposited with the
Trustee or any Paying Agent, or received by the Trustee in respect of Eligible Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section
401, 403 or 1007, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or
interest, if any, on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years (or such shorter period for the return of such moneys
to the Company under applicable abandoned property laws) after such principal (and premium, if any) or interest has become due and payable
shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder
of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of
the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon
cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at
the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each
Business Day and of general circulation in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and
that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of
such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.
Section 1004. Corporate
Existence. Subject to Article VIII, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full
force and effect its corporate existence, rights (charter and statutory) and franchises; provided, however, that the Company shall
not be required to preserve any such right or franchise if, in the judgment of the Company, the preservation thereof is no longer desirable
in the conduct of the business of the Company and the loss thereof is not disadvantageous in any material respect to the Holders of Securities
of any series or Tranche in any material respect.
Section 1005. Defeasance
of Certain Obligations. The Company may omit to comply with its obligations under the covenants contained in Sections 1002, 1004
(except with respect to maintaining its corporate existence), 1006, 1008 and Article VIII with respect to any Security or
Securities of any series or Tranche or any portion of the principal amount thereof (and in respect of any term, provision or condition
set forth in the covenants or restrictions specified for such Securities pursuant to Section 301, in any supplemental indenture,
Board Resolution or Officer’s Certificate establishing such Security), provided that the following conditions shall have
been satisfied:
(1) With
reference to this Section, the Company has deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in Section 402)
with the Trustee as trust funds in trust, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of
such Securities or portions thereof, (i) money in an amount, or (ii) if Securities of such series are not subject to repayment at the
option of Holders, (A) Eligible Obligations which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance with
their terms will provide not later than one day before the due date of any payment referred to in clause (x) or (y) of this subparagraph
(1) money in an amount, or (B) a combination thereof, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified
public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge (x) the principal of (and
premium, if any) and each installment of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the Outstanding Securities of such series
or portions thereof on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or premium or interest or to and including the
Redemption Date irrevocably designated by the Company pursuant to subparagraph (7) of this Section and (y) any mandatory sinking fund
payments applicable to the Securities of such series or portions thereof on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance
with the terms of the Indenture and of such Securities or portions thereof;
(2) Such
deposit shall not, as specified in an Opinion of Counsel, cause the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series to have a conflicting
interest as defined in Section 608 and for purposes of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to the Securities of such series;
(3) Such
deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument
to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;
(4) No
Event of Default or event which with notice or lapse of time would become an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series
shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit and no Event of Default specified in Section 501(6) or (7)
shall have occurred at any time from the date of such deposit to the 91st calendar day thereafter (it being understood that this condition
to defeasance may not be satisfied until such 91st calendar day after the date of deposit);
(5) The
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that Holders of the Securities of such series will not
realize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and defeasance of certain obligations and will
be subject to federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times, as would have been the case if such
deposit and defeasance had not occurred;
(6) The
Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent
herein provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section have been met; and
(7) If
the Company has deposited or caused to be deposited money or Eligible Obligations to pay or discharge the principal of (and premium, if
any) and interest, if any, on the Outstanding Securities of such series or portion thereof to and including a Redemption Date pursuant
to subparagraph (1) of this Section, such Redemption Date shall be irrevocably designated by a Board Resolution delivered to the Trustee
on or prior to the date of deposit of such money or Eligible Obligations, and such Board Resolution shall be accompanied by an irrevocable
Company Request that the Trustee give notice of such redemption in the name and at the expense of the Company not less than 30 nor more
than 60 days prior to such Redemption Date in accordance with Section 1104.
Section 1006. Statement
by Officers as to Default. The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company
ending after the date hereof, a written statement, which need not comply with Section 102, signed by the principal executive officer,
the principal financial officer or the principal accounting officer of the Company stating, as to each signer thereof, that
(1) a
review of the activities of the Company during such year and of performance under this Indenture has been made under his supervision,
and
(2) to
the best of his knowledge, based on such review, the Company has fulfilled all its obligations under this Indenture throughout such year,
or, if there has been a default in the fulfillment of any such obligation, specifying each such default known to him and the nature and
status thereof.
Section 1007. Waiver
of Certain Covenants. (a) The Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth
in (i) any additional covenants or restrictions specified with respect to the Senior Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof,
as contemplated by Section 301 if before the time for such compliance the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal
amount (or such larger proportion as may be required in respect of waiving a past default of any such additional covenant or restriction)
of the Outstanding Securities of all series and Tranches with respect to which such covenant or restriction was so specified, considered
as one class, by Act of such Holders, either waives such compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such term, provision
or condition and (ii) Sections 1002, 1004, 1006 and 1008 and Article VIII if before the time for such compliance
the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of Senior Securities Outstanding under this Indenture by Act of such Holders, either
waives such compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such term, provision or condition; but, in the case of (i)
or (ii) of this paragraph (a), no such waiver shall extend to or affect such term, provision or condition except to the extent so expressly
waived, and, until such waiver becomes effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such
term, provision or condition shall remain in full force and effect.
(b) The
Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth in (i) any additional covenants
or restrictions specified with respect to the Subordinated Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, as contemplated by Section
301 if before the time for such compliance the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount (or such larger proportion
as may be required in respect of waiving a past default of any such additional covenant or restriction) of the Outstanding Securities
of all series and Tranches with respect to which such covenant or restriction was so specified, considered as one class, by Act of such
Holders, either waives such compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such term, provision or condition and (ii)
Sections 1002, 1004, 1006 and 1008 and Article VIII if before the time for such compliance the Holders of at least
a majority in principal amount of Subordinated Securities Outstanding under this Indenture by Act of such Holders, either waives such
compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such term, provision or condition; but, in the case of (i) or (ii) of this
paragraph (b), no such waiver shall extend to or affect such term, provision or condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and,
until such waiver becomes effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such term, provision
or condition shall remain in full force and effect.
Section 1008. Maintenance
of Properties. The Company shall cause (or, with respect to property owned in common with others, make reasonable effort to cause)
all its properties used or useful in the conduct of its business to be maintained and kept in good condition, repair and working order
and shall cause (or, with respect to property owned in common with others, make reasonable effort to cause) to be made all necessary repairs,
renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements thereof, all as, in the judgment of the Company, may be necessary so that the business
carried on in connection therewith may be properly conducted; provided, however, that nothing in this Section shall prevent the
Company from discontinuing, or causing the discontinuance of, the operation and maintenance of any of its properties if, in the judgment
of the Company, such discontinuance (i) is desirable in the conduct of its business and (ii) will not adversely affect the interests of
the Holders of Securities of any series or Tranche in any material respect.
ARTICLE XI
REDEMPTION
OF SECURITIES
Section 1101. Applicability
of Article. Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, that are redeemable before their Stated Maturity (or, if the principal
of the Securities of any series is payable in installments, the Stated Maturity of the final installment of the principal thereof) shall
be redeemable in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of
any series or Tranche) in accordance with this Article.
Section 1102. Election
to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution or an
Officer’s Certificate. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less than all the Securities of any series, the
Company shall, at least 45 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by the Company (unless a shorter notice is satisfactory to the Trustee),
notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of such series or Tranche to be redeemed. In the
case of any redemption of Securities (a) prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such
Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, or (b) pursuant to an election of the Company that is subject to a condition specified
in the terms of such Securities the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate evidencing compliance with such
restriction.
Section 1103. Selection
by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed. If less than all the Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, are to be redeemed,
the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Trustee not more than 45 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee,
from the Outstanding Securities of such series or Tranche not previously called for redemption, by such method as is provided for any
particular series, or, in the absence of any such provision, by such method as the Trustee deems fair and appropriate and which may provide
for the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series or Tranche or
any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities of such series or Tranche of a denomination larger than the minimum
authorized denomination for Securities of that series or Tranche; provided, however, that if, as indicated in an Officer’s
Certificate, the Company has offered to purchase all or any principal amount of the Securities then Outstanding of any series, or any
Tranche thereof, and less than all of such Securities as to which such offer was made have been tendered to the Company for such purchase,
the Trustee, if so directed by Company Order, shall select for redemption all or any principal amount of such Securities that have not
been so tendered.
The Trustee shall promptly
notify the Company and the Security Registrar in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities
selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.
For all purposes of this Indenture,
unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the case of any Securities
redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Securities that has been or is to be redeemed.
Section 1104. Notice
of Redemption. Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to any series of Securities, notice of
redemption shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption
Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at his address appearing in the Security Register.
If Unregistered Securities
are to be redeemed, notice of redemption shall be published in an Authorized Newspaper in The City of New York and, if such Securities
to be redeemed are listed on any stock exchange outside of the United States, in the city in which such stock exchange is located, or
in such other city or cities as may be specified in the Securities, once in each of two different calendar weeks, the first publication
to be not less than 30 nor more than 90 days before the redemption date.
All notices of redemption
shall state:
(1) the
Redemption Date,
(2) the
Redemption Price, or the formula pursuant to which the Redemption Price is to be determined if the Redemption Price cannot be determined
at the time of notice is given,
(3) if
less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series or Tranche are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial
redemption, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be redeemed, and the portion of the principal amount of any Security
to be redeemed in part and, in the case of any such Security of such series to be redeemed in part, that, on and after the Redemption
Date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series in principal amount equal to the remaining unpaid principal
amount thereof will be issued as provided in Section 1106,
(4) that
on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Security to be redeemed and, if applicable, that
interest thereon will cease to accrue on and after said date,
(5) the
place or places where such Securities and all unmatured coupons are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price and accrued
interest, if any,
(6) that
the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case,
(7) the
CUSIP numbers, if any, assigned to such Securities; provided however, that such notice may state that no representation is made
as to the correctness of CUSIP numbers, and the redemption of such Securities shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such
number, and
(8) such
other matters as the Company shall deem desirable or appropriate.
Unless otherwise specified
with respect to any Securities in accordance with Section 301, with respect to any notice of redemption of Securities at the election
of the Company, unless, upon the giving of such notice, such Securities are deemed to have been paid in accordance with Section 401,
such notice may state that such redemption shall be conditional upon the receipt by the Paying Agent or Agents for such Securities, on
or prior to the date fixed for such redemption, of money sufficient to pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any,
on such Securities and that if such money has not been so received such notice shall be of no force or effect and the Company shall not
be required to redeem such Securities. In the event that such notice of redemption contains such a condition and such money is not so
received, the redemption shall not be made and within a reasonable time thereafter notice shall be given, in the manner in which the notice
of redemption was given, that such money was not so received and such redemption was not required to be made, and the Paying Agent or
Agents for the Securities otherwise to have been redeemed shall promptly return to the Holders thereof any of such Securities that had
been surrendered for payment upon such redemption.
Notice of redemption of Securities
to be redeemed at the election of the Company, and any notice of non-satisfaction of a condition for redemption as aforesaid, shall be
given by the Company or, at the Company’s request, by the Security Registrar in the name and at the expense of the Company. Notice
of mandatory redemption of Securities shall be given by the Security Registrar in the name and at the expense of the Company.
Section 1105. Securities
Payable on Redemption Date. Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, and the conditions, if any, set forth in such notice
having been satisfied, the Securities or portions thereof so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the
Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the Company defaults in the payment of the Redemption Price and
accrued interest, if any) such Securities, or portions thereof, if interest-bearing, shall cease to bear interest. Upon surrender of any
such Security for redemption in accordance with said notice, such Security or portion thereof together with all unmatured coupons, if
any, shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest, if any, to the Redemption Date but in the case
of Unregistered Securities installments of interest due on or prior to the Redemption Date will be payable to the bearers of the coupons
for such interest by check or draft upon surrender of such coupons; provided, however, that installments of interest whose Stated
Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities,
registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Regular Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section
307.
If any Security called for
redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium, if any) shall, until paid, bear interest
from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in the Security.
Section 1106. Securities
Redeemed in Part. Any Security that is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the
Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the
Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his or her attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the
Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same
series, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, and of like tenor and in aggregate principal amount equal to and in
exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security so surrendered.
ARTICLE XII
SINKING
FUNDS
Section 1201. Applicability
of Article. The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of any series,
or any Tranche thereof, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of such series or Tranche.
The minimum amount of any
sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, is herein referred to as a “mandatory
sinking fund payment”, and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, or
any Tranche thereof, is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment”. If provided for by the terms of Securities
of any series, or any Tranche thereof, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section
1202. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of the series or Tranche in respect of which it was
made as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series.
Section 1202. Satisfaction
of Sinking Fund Payments With Securities. The Company (1) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series or Tranche (other than any
previously called for redemption) together, in the case of Unregistered Securities, with all unmatured coupons appertaining thereto, in
respect of which a mandatory sinking fund payment is to be made and (2) may apply as a credit Securities of such series or Tranche that
have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted
optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking
fund payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for
by the terms of such series, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received
and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of
the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.
Section 1203. Redemption
of Securities for Sinking Fund. Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities, or any
Tranche thereof, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking
fund payment for that series or Tranche pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by
payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant
to Section 1202 and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. If the Company has not delivered such Officer’s
Certificate and, to the extent applicable, all such Securities, the next succeeding sinking fund payment for such series or Tranche shall
be made entirely in cash in the amount of the mandatory sinking fund payment. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment
date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section
1103 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided
in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the
manner stated in Sections 1105 and 1106.
ARTICLE XIII
REPAYMENT
OF SECURITIES AT OPTION OF HOLDERS
Section 1301. Applicability
of Article. Securities of any series or Tranche that are repayable before their Stated Maturity at the option of the Holders shall
be repayable in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of
any series) in accordance with this Article.
Section 1302. Notice
of Repayment Date. Notice of any Repayment Date with respect to Securities of any series or Tranche thereof shall be given by the
Company not less than 45 nor more than 60 days prior to such Repayment Date (or at such other times as may be specified for such repayment
or repurchase pursuant to Section 301 of this Indenture) to each Holder of Securities of such series in accordance with Section
106.
The notice as to the Repayment
Date shall state (unless otherwise specified for such repayment or repurchase pursuant to Section 301 of this Indenture):
(1) the
Repayment Date, which date shall be no earlier than 30 days and no later than 60 days from the date on which such notice is mailed;
(2) the
principal amount of the Securities required to be repaid or repurchased and the Repayment Price (or the formula pursuant to which the
Repayment Price is to be determined if the Repayment Price cannot be determined at the time the notice is given);
(3) the
place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Repayment Price, and accrued interest, if any, and the
date by which Securities must be so surrendered in order to be repaid or repurchased;
(4) that
any Security not tendered or accepted for payment shall continue to accrue interest;
(5) that,
unless the Company defaults in making such payment or the Paying Agent is prohibited from paying such money to the Holders on that date
pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, Securities accepted for payment pursuant to any such offer of repayment or repurchase shall cease
to accrue interest after the Repayment Date;
(6) that
Holders electing to have a Security repaid or purchased pursuant to such offer may elect to have all or any portion of such Security purchased;
(7) that
Holders electing to have a Security repaid or repurchased pursuant to any such offer shall be required to surrender the Security, with
such customary documents of surrender and transfer as the Company may reasonably request, duly completed, or transfer by book-entry transfer,
to the Company or the Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice at least two Business Days prior to the Repayment Date;
(8) that
Holders shall be entitled to withdraw their election if the Company or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, receives, not later than
the expiration of the offer to repay or repurchase, a telegram, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder,
the principal amount of the Security the Holder delivered for purchase and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing its election to
have such Security purchased;
(9) that,
in the case of a repayment or repurchase of less than all Outstanding Securities of a series or Tranche thereof, the method of selection
of Securities to be repaid or repurchased to be applied by the Trustee if the principal amount of properly tendered Securities exceeds
the principal amount of the Securities to be repaid or repurchased;
(10) that
Holders whose Securities are purchased only in part shall be issued new Securities of the same series or Tranche thereof equal in principal
amount to the unpurchased portion of the Securities surrendered (or transferred by book-entry transfer); and
(11) the
CUSIP or other identification number, if any, printed on the Securities being repurchased and that no representation is made as to the
correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP or other identification number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Securities.
Section 1303. Securities
Payable on Repayment Date. The form of option to elect repurchase or repayment having been delivered as specified in the form of Security
for such series, the Securities of such series or Tranche so to be repaid (after application of the method of selection described pursuant
to clause (9) of Section 1302, if the principal amount of properly tendered Securities exceeds the principal amount of the Securities
to be repaid or repurchased) shall, on the Repayment Date, become due and payable at the Repayment Price applicable thereto and from and
after such date (unless the Company defaults in the payment of the Repayment Price and accrued interest) such Securities shall cease to
bear interest. Upon surrender of any such Security for repayment in accordance with said notice, such Security shall be paid by the Company
at the Repayment Price together with accrued interest, if any, to the Repayment Date; provided, however, that if a Security is
repaid or repurchased on or after a Record Date but on or prior to the Stated Maturity of any installments of interest, then any accrued
and unpaid interest due on such Stated Maturity shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities,
registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section 307.
If any Security is not paid
upon surrender thereof for repayment, the principal (and premium, if any) shall, until paid, bear interest from the Repayment Date at
the rate prescribed therefor in such Security.
Section 1304. Securities
Repaid in Part. Any Security that by its terms may be repaid in part at the option of the Holder and that is to be repaid only in
part shall be surrendered at any office or agency of the Company designated for that purpose pursuant to Section 1002 (with, if
the Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and
the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his or her attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and
the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of the
same series, as provided in Section 305, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal amount
equal to and in exchange for the unrepaid portion of the principal of the Security so surrendered.
This instrument may be executed
in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute
but one and the same instrument.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties
hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed, and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed and attested, all as
of the date first above written.
|
BRERA HOLDINGS PLC |
|
|
[CORPORATE SEAL] |
|
|
|
|
By: |
|
|
Name: |
|
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer |
STATE OF [ ] |
) |
|
|
) ss: |
|
CITY OF [ ] AND COUNTY OF [ |
]) |
On the day of [ ] 20__, before
me personally came _______, to me known, who, being by me duly sworn, did depose and say that [he/she] is a director of BRERA HOLDINGS
PLC, one of the companies described in and which executed the foregoing instrument; that [he/she] knows the seal of said corporation;
that the seal affixed to said instruments is such corporate seal; that it was so affixed by authority of the Constitution of said corporation,
and that [he/she] signed [his/her] name thereto by authority of the Board of Directors of said corporation.
BRERA HOLDINGS PLC
Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture
Act of 1939 and
Indenture, dated as of __, 20__
Trust Indenture Act Section |
|
Indenture Sections |
|
|
|
|
|
|
§ 310(a)(1) |
|
609 |
(a)(2) |
|
609 |
(a)(3) |
|
Not Applicable |
(a)(4) |
|
Not Applicable |
(a)(5) |
|
609 |
(b) |
|
608 |
|
|
610 |
|
|
|
§ 311(a) |
|
613(a) |
(b) |
|
613(b) |
(b)(2) |
|
703(a)(2) |
|
|
703(b) |
|
|
|
§ 312 |
|
(a) 701 |
|
|
702(a) |
(b) |
|
702(b) |
(c) |
|
702(c) |
|
|
|
§ 313(a) |
|
703(a) |
(b) |
|
703(b) |
(c) |
|
703(a), 703(b) |
(d) |
|
703(c) |
|
|
|
§ 314 |
|
(a) 704 |
(b) |
|
Not Applicable |
(c)(1) |
|
102 |
(c)(2) |
|
102 |
(c)(3) |
|
Not Applicable |
(d) |
|
Not Applicable |
(e) |
|
102 |
|
|
|
§ 315(a) |
|
601(a) |
(b) |
|
602 |
|
|
703(a)(7) |
(c) |
|
601(b) |
(d) |
|
601(c) |
(d)(l) |
|
601(a)(1) |
(d)(2) |
|
601(c)(2) |
(d)(3) |
|
601(c)(3) |
(e) |
|
514 |
|
|
|
§ 316(a) |
|
101 |
(a)(1)(A) |
|
502 |
|
|
512 |
(a)(1)(B) |
|
513 |
(a)(2) |
|
Not Applicable |
(b) |
|
508 |
(c) |
|
104(g) |
§ 317(a)(l) |
|
503 |
(a)(2) |
|
504 |
(b) |
|
1003 |
§ 318(a) |
|
107 |
Note: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed
to be a part of the Indenture.
Exhibit 5.1
Brera Holdings PLC
C/o Philip Lee LLP
Connaught House
One Burlington Road
Dublin 4
D04 C5Y6
5 February 2024
Our Ref: AMC/MF/BRE011/0001
RE: | Brera Holdings PLC (the “Company”) |
We have acted as legal counsel in Ireland to the
Company in connection with a registration statement on Form F-3 (the “Registration Statement”, which term does not
include any other document or agreement whether or not specifically referred to therein or attached as an exhibit or schedule thereto)
filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), relating to the shelf registration under
the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) of (i) Class B Ordinary Shares, US$0.005 nominal
value per share (“Class B Ordinary Shares”, which term includes any ordinary shares to be issued pursuant to the conversion,
exchange or exercise of any other Securities), (ii) preferred shares, US$0.005 nominal value per share (“Preferred Shares”),
(iii) debt securities of the Company, in one or more series (“Debt Securities”), (iv) warrants of the Company to purchase
the Class B Ordinary Shares, Preferred Shares, and/or Debt Securities in one or more series (“Warrants”), (v) rights
to purchase Class B Ordinary Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities or other securities of the Company (“Rights”)
and (vi) units comprised of one or more of the Class B Ordinary Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities, Warrants, Rights, or any combination
thereof (“Units”, together with the Debt Securities, Warrants and Rights but excluding any Class B Ordinary Shares
or Preferred Shares forming part of a Unit (the “Non-Equity Securities”), and collectively with the Class B Ordinary
Shares and Preferred Shares, (the “Securities”)) described in the Registration Statement in any combination.
| 1.1 | For the purposes of giving this opinion, we have examined a copy of
the following document: |
| 1.1.1 | the Registration Statement. |
| 1.2 | We have also reviewed copies of: |
| 1.2.1 | the constitution of the Company certified by the Secretary of the Company on 2 February 2024; |
| 1.2.2 | resolutions in writing signed by all the directors of the Company and dated 2 February 2024 (the “Resolutions”);
and |
| 1.2.3 | a company printout downloaded from the Irish Companies Registration Office (the “Company Report”)
dated 2 February 2024 (the “Certificate Date”). |
| 2.1.1 | the genuineness and authenticity of all signatures and the conformity to the originals of all copies (whether
or not certified) examined by us and the authenticity and completeness of the originals from which such copies were taken; |
| 2.1.2 | that where a document has been examined by us in draft form, it will be or has been executed in the form
of that draft, and where a number of drafts of a document have been examined by us all changes thereto have been marked or otherwise drawn
to our attention; |
| 2.1.3 | the accuracy and completeness of all factual representations made in the Registration Statement and other
documents reviewed by us; |
| 2.1.4 | that the Resolutions were passed by unanimous written consent of all the Company’s directors and
remain in full force and effect and have not been rescinded or amended; |
| 2.1.5 | that there is no provision of the law of any jurisdiction, other than Ireland, which would have any implication
in relation to the opinions expressed herein; |
| 2.1.6 | that on the date of allotment (where applicable) and issuance of any Non-Equity Securities the Company
is, and after any such allotment and issuance the Company is and will be able to, pay its liabilities as they become due; |
| 2.1.7 | that the applicable purchase, underwriting, or similar agreement and any other agreement or other document
relating to any Securities to be offered and sold will be valid and binding in accordance with its terms pursuant to its governing law; |
| 2.1.8 | that neither the Company nor any of its shareholders is a sovereign entity of any state and none of them
is a subsidiary direct or indirect of any sovereign entity or state; |
| 2.1.9 | that the Company will issue the Securities in furtherance of its objects as set out in its constitution; |
| 2.1.10 | that the constitution of the Company will not be amended in any manner that would affect the opinions
expressed herein; |
| 2.1.11 | that the Company will have sufficient authorised shares available to issue under its constitution to effect
the issue of any Class B Ordinary Shares or Preferred Shares at the time of issuance, whether as a principal issue or on the conversion,
exchange or exercise of any Non-Equity Securities; |
| 2.1.12 | that the form and terms of any and all Non-Equity Securities, the issuance and sale of any Securities
by the Company, and the Company’s incurrence and performance of its obligations thereunder or in respect thereof (including, without
limitation, its obligations under any related agreement, indenture or supplement thereto) in accordance with the terms thereof will not
violate the constitution of the Company nor any applicable law, regulation, order or decree in Ireland; |
| 2.1.13 | that no invitation has been or will be made by or on behalf of the Company to the public in the European
Union to subscribe for any Securities in breach of the Prospectus Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 (the “Prospectus Regulation”)
or any amendment or variation of the Prospectus Regulation; |
| 2.1.14 | that all necessary corporate action will be taken to authorise and approve any issuance of Securities,
the terms of the offering thereof and related matters, and that the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement,
will be duly approved, executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Company and all other parties thereto; |
| 2.1.15 | that the Non-Equity Securities to be offered and sold will be valid and binding in accordance with their
terms pursuant to the applicable governing law; |
| 2.1.16 | that the issuance and sale of and payment for the Securities will be in accordance with the applicable
purchase, underwriting or similar agreement duly approved by the board of directors of the Company and/or where so required, the shareholders
of the Company and the Registration Statement (including the prospectus set forth therein and any applicable supplement thereto); |
| 2.1.17 | that, upon the issue of any Class B Ordinary Shares or Preferred Shares, the Company will receive consideration
for the full issue price thereof which shall be equal to at least the nominal value thereof; and |
| 2.1.18 | the validity and binding effect under the laws of the United States of America of the Registration Statement
and that the Registration Statement will be duly filed with the Commission. |
| 3.1 | The obligations of the Company in connection with any offer, issuance
and sale of any Securities: |
| 3.1.1 | will be subject to the laws from time to time in effect relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation,
possessory liens, rights of set off, reorganisation, merger, consolidation, moratorium, bribery, corruption, money laundering, terrorist
financing, proliferation financing or any other laws or legal procedures, whether of a similar nature or otherwise, generally affecting
the rights of creditors as well as applicable international sanctions; |
| 3.1.2 | will be subject to statutory limitation of the time within which proceedings may be brought; |
| 3.1.3 | will be subject to general principles of equity and, as such, specific performance and injunctive relief,
being equitable remedies, may not be available; |
| 3.1.4 | may not be given effect to by an Irish court, whether or not it was applying the applicable laws, if and
to the extent they constitute the payment of an amount which is in the nature of a penalty; |
| 3.1.5 | in the case of any applicable purchase, underwriting, or similar agreement and any other agreement or
other document relating to the issue of any Class B Ordinary Shares or Preferred Shares, may be subject to applicable law or rules that
damages against the Company are only available where the purchaser of such Class B Ordinary Shares or Preferred Shares rescinds such agreement;
and |
| 3.1.6 | may not be given effect by an Irish court to the extent that they are to be performed in a jurisdiction
outside of Ireland and such performance would be illegal under the laws of that jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any contractual submission
to the exclusive or non-exclusive jurisdiction of specific courts, an Irish court has inherent discretion to stay or allow proceedings
in the Irish courts. |
| 3.2 | We express no opinion as to the enforceability of any provision of any
document which provides for the payment of a specified rate of interest on the amount of a judgment after the date of judgment or which
purports to fetter the statutory powers of the Company. |
| 3.3 | We have made no investigation of and express no opinion in relation
to the laws of any jurisdiction other than Ireland. This opinion is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Ireland
and is limited to and is given on the basis of the current law and practice in Ireland. This opinion is issued solely for your benefit
and use in connection with the matter described herein and is not to be relied upon by any other person, firm or entity or in respect
of any other matter. |
| 3.4 | We express no opinion on the indenture referenced in the Registration
Statement on the basis that it is subject to the laws of the State of New York. |
| 3.5 | If the Company fails to file its accounts on or before 25th February
2024, this will be a technical breach of Irish company law. The Company will have a period of 150 days to file its accounts following
25th February 2024 to remedy this defect. |
| 4.1 | On the basis of and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion
that: |
| 4.1.1 | Based on the Company Report, the Company is duly incorporated and existing under the laws of Ireland and
designated as “Normal” as at the Certificate Date. |
| 4.1.2 | Upon the due issuance of any Class B Ordinary Shares or Preferred Shares, and payment of the consideration
therefor, such Class B Ordinary Shares or Preferred Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable (which term when used
herein means that no further sums are required to be paid by the holders thereof in connection with the issue thereof). |
| 4.1.3 | Upon the due issuance of any Non-Equity Securities by the Company and payment of the consideration therefor,
such Non-Equity Securities will be validly issued and constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company in accordance with
the terms thereof. |
| 4.1.4 | We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the
references to our firm under the captions “Legal Matters” and “Enforcement of Civil Liabilities” in the Prospectus
forming a part of the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are experts within the meaning of
Section 11 of the Securities Act or that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities
Act or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder. |
Yours faithfully,
Andreas McConnell
PHILIP LEE
4
Exhibit 5.2
| E: | lou@bevilacquapllc.com |
| T: | 202.869.0888 |
| W: | bevilacquapllc.com |
February 5, 2024
Brera Holdings PLC
Connaught House, 5th Floor
One Burlington Road
Dublin 4
D04 C5Y6
Ireland
| Re: | Registration Statement on Form F-3 |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as United States counsel to Brera
Holdings PLC, a public company limited by shares incorporated in the Republic of Ireland (the “Company”), in connection with
its filing of the Registration Statement on Form F-3 on the date hereof (the “Registration Statement”) relating to the registration
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) for the issue and sale by the Company of up to $100,000,000
or the equivalent thereof in one or more foreign currencies, foreign currency units or composite currencies of (a) class B ordinary shares,
$0.005 nominal value per share (the “Class B Ordinary Shares”), (b) preferred shares, $0.005 nominal value per share (the
“Preferred Shares”), (c) debt securities, in one or more series (the “Debt Securities”), (d) warrants to purchase
Class B Ordinary Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities, or any combination thereof, which may be issued pursuant to one or more warrant
agreements of the Company, proposed to be entered into with one or more warrant agents to be named therein (the “Warrants”),
(e) rights to purchase Class B Ordinary Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities or other securities of the Company (the “Rights”)
and (f) units consisting of any of the securities describe above, or any combination thereof (the “Units” and together with
the Debt Securities, the Warrants, and the Rights, the “Documents”). The Class B Ordinary Shares, the Preferred Shares, the
Debt Securities, the Warrants, the Rights and the Units are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities” and individually
as a “Security”. The Securities shall include any additional amounts of such securities the offer and sale of which are registered
pursuant to a registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act in connection with one or more offerings contemplated
by such Registration Statement. The Debt Securities will be issued under an indenture of the Company, proposed to be entered into with
a trustee to be named therein (the “Trustee”), as such indenture may be supplemented from time to time (the “Indenture”).
We have reviewed the Registration Statement and
such other agreements, documents, records, certificates and other materials, and have reviewed and are familiar with such corporate proceedings
and satisfied ourselves as to such other matters, as we have considered relevant or necessary as a basis for this opinion. In such review,
we have assumed the accuracy and completeness of all agreements, documents, records, certificates and other materials submitted to us,
the conformity with the originals of all such materials submitted to us as copies (whether or not certified and including facsimiles),
the authenticity of the originals of such materials and all materials submitted to us as originals, the genuineness of all signatures
and the legal capacity of all natural persons.
1050 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 500
Washington, DC 20036
PG. 2
February 5, 2024
|
|
On the basis of the assumptions and subject to
the qualifications and limitations set forth herein, we are of the opinion that:
I. |
With respect to the Debt Securities to be issued under the Indenture to be entered into by the Company and the Trustee, when (a) the specific terms of any particular series of Debt Securities have been duly established in accordance with the Indenture and applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including the adoption by the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) of resolutions duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of such Debt Securities and the Securities that such Debt Securities may be exchangeable for and/or convertible into), and (b) any such Debt Securities have been duly executed and issued by the Company, duly authenticated by the Trustee and duly delivered by or on behalf of the Company against payment therefor in accordance with the Indenture and in the manner contemplated by the Registration Statement and/or the related prospectus and by such corporate action, such Debt Securities will be the legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms. |
|
|
II. |
With respect to the Warrants to be issued by the Company, when (a) the specific terms of any such Warrants have been duly established in accordance with applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including the adoption by the Board of resolutions duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of such Warrants and the Securities that such Warrants may be exercisable for), and (b) any such Warrants have been duly executed and issued by the Company and such Warrants have been duly delivered by or on behalf of the Company against payment therefor in accordance with the Warrants and/or any warrant agreement and in the manner contemplated by the Registration Statement and/or the related prospectus and by such corporate action, such Warrants will be the legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms. |
|
|
III. |
With respect to the Rights to be issued by the Company, when: (a) the Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and establish the terms of the Rights, the terms of the offering thereof, and related matter, (b) the rights agreement under which the Rights are to be issued has been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company, (c) such Rights have been duly executed and authenticated or countersigned in accordance with the terms of such rights agreement (a “Rights Agreement”) and (d) the Rights have been issued and sold in the manner contemplated by the Registration Statement and in accordance with such Rights Agreement, such Rights will constitute the valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms. |
|
|
IV. |
With respect to the Units to be issued by the Company, when (a) the Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and establish the terms of securities underlying such Units in connection therewith, the terms of such Units, the terms of the offering of such Units, and related matters, (b) if applicable, one or more agreements incorporating the terms and other provisions of such Units has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and a unit agent (a “Unit Agreement”), (c) such Units have been duly executed and authenticated or countersigned in accordance with the terms of such Unit Agreement and (d) the Units have been issued and sold in the manner contemplated by the Registration Statement and in accordance with such Unit Agreement, such Units will constitute the valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms. |
Each opinion in this letter that any Security
is a valid and binding obligation or is enforceable in accordance with its terms is subject to: (i) the effect of bankruptcy, insolvency,
fraudulent conveyance and other similar laws and judicially developed doctrines in this area such as substantive consolidation and equitable
subordination; (ii) the effect of general principles of equity; and (iii) other commonly recognized statutory and judicial constraints
on enforceability including statutes of limitations. In addition, we do not express any opinion as to the enforceability of any rights
to contribution or indemnification which may be violative of public policy underlying any law, rule or regulation (including any federal
or state securities law, rule or regulation). “General principles of equity” include, but are not limited to: Principles limiting
the availability of specific performance and injunctive relief; principles which limit the availability of a remedy under certain circumstances
where another remedy has been elected; principles requiring reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing in the performance and enforcement
of an agreement by the party seeking enforcement; principles which may permit a party to cure a material failure to perform its obligations;
and principles affording equitable defenses such as waiver, laches and estoppel. It is possible that terms in a particular contract covered
by our opinion may not prove enforceable for reasons other than those explicitly cited in this letter should an actual enforcement action
be brought, but (subject to all the exceptions, qualifications, exclusions and other limitations contained in this letter) such unenforceability
would not in our opinion prevent the party entitled to enforce that contract from realizing the principal benefits purported to be provided
to that party by the terms in that contract which are covered by our opinion.
PG. 3
February 5, 2024
|
|
Except as noted below, our advice on every legal
issue addressed in this letter is based exclusively on the internal law of the State of New York and the federal law of the United States
as in effect on the date hereof (the “Applicable Laws”) and we express no opinion with respect to the applicability thereto,
or the effect thereon, of the laws of any other jurisdiction or as to any matters or municipal law or the laws of any local agencies within
any state. For purposes of the opinions herein we have assumed that the governing law under each of the Documents shall be the laws of
the State of New York. We express no opinion as to what law might be applied by any other courts to resolve any issue addressed by our
opinion and we express no opinion as to whether any relevant differences exist between the laws upon which our opinions are based and
any other laws which may actually be applied to resolve issues which may arise under any of the Documents. The manner in which any particular
issue would be treated in any actual court case would depend in part on facts and circumstances particular to the case and would also
depend on how the court involved chose to exercise the wide discretionary authority generally available to it. This letter is not intended
to guarantee the outcome of any legal dispute that may arise in the future.
We have not undertaken any search of court records
for purposes of this letter. We have assumed that each applicable party to the Documents (i) is an entity duly incorporated or organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization; (ii) has adopted by requisite
vote of its board of directors, board of managers or analogous governing body the resolutions or approvals necessary to authorize such
party’s execution, delivery and performance of such Documents; (iii) has duly authorized, executed and delivered such Documents;
(iv) has all corporate and other organizational power and authority (including without limitation the power and authority under the laws
of its jurisdiction of organization) to execute and deliver such Documents and perform its respective obligations under such Documents;
(v) has satisfied all legal requirements that are applicable to such party to the extent necessary to entitle such party to enforce such
Documents; and (vi) is not required by any law to obtain any consent, approval, authorization or order of any court or governmental agency
in order to obtain the right to enter into such Documents or to take any action taken by it in connection with the consummation of the
transactions contemplated in the Documents in accordance with their terms, and the execution and delivery by such party of the Documents,
and that the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby in accordance with the terms thereof will not violate any existing
provisions of the organizational documents of such party or any law or governmental regulation. For purposes of the opinions above, we
have assumed, without conducting any research or investigation with respect thereto, the corporate or other power of, and the due authorization,
execution and delivery of the Documents by, the Company, the absence of any conflicts with the organizational documents of the Company
and the absence of any conflicts with, or consents required under, the laws, rules and regulations of any jurisdiction other than the
State of New York.
In preparing this letter
we have relied without independent verification upon: (i) information contained in certificates obtained from governmental authorities;
and (ii) factual information provided to us by the Company. We have assumed that there has been no relevant change or development between
the dates as of which the information cited in the preceding sentence was made available to us and the date of this letter and that the
information upon which we have relied is accurate and does not omit disclosures necessary to prevent such information from being misleading.
Whenever this letter provides advice about (or based upon) our knowledge of any particular information, such advice is based entirely
on the actual knowledge at the time this letter is delivered on the date it bears by the lawyers with Bevilacqua PLLC who have represented
or are representing the Company in connection with the issuance of the Securities after consultation with other lawyers with Bevilacqua
PLLC who have represented the Company on other substantive matters.
PG. 4
February 5, 2024
|
|
None of the opinions or other advice contained
in this letter considers or covers: (a) any antifraud laws, rules or regulations; (b) any state securities (or “blue sky”)
laws or regulations or securities laws or regulations of jurisdictions outside the United States; (c) any financial statements or supporting
schedules (or any notes to any such statements or schedules) or other financial or statistical information derived therefrom set forth
in (or omitted from) the Registration Statement and/or the related prospectus; or (d) any laws, statutes, governmental rules or regulations
or decisions which in our experience are not usually considered for or covered by opinions like those contained in this letter or are
not generally applicable to transactions of the kind covered by the Documents including any regulatory laws or requirements specific to
the industry in which you or the Company is engaged. In addition, none of the opinions or other advice contained in this letter covers
or otherwise addresses any of the following types of provisions which may be contained in the Documents: (i) provisions mandating contribution
towards judgments or settlements among various parties; (ii) waivers of benefits and rights to the extent they cannot be waived under
applicable law; (iii) provisions providing for liquidated damages, late charges and prepayment charges, in each case if deemed to constitute
penalties; or (iv) requirements in the Documents specifying that provisions thereof may only be waived in writing (these provisions may
not be valid, binding or enforceable to the extent that an oral agreement or an implied agreement by trade practice or course of conduct
has been created modifying any provision of such documents).
The foregoing opinion is limited to the laws of
the State of New York. Insofar as the foregoing opinions involve matters governed by the laws of the Republic of Ireland, we have relied,
without independent inquiry or investigation, on the opinions of Philip Lee LLP, Irish counsel for the Company, delivered to you today.
The opinions set forth in this letter are being furnished in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K promulgated
under the Securities Act, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement,
other than as to the specific issues addressed herein, and no opinion may be inferred or implied beyond that expressly stated herein.
We hereby consent to the use of this opinion letter
as Exhibit 5.2 to the Registration Statement and to the use of our name under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Registration
Statement and in the Prospectus forming a part thereof and any supplement thereto. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that
we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder.
|
Very truly yours, |
|
|
|
/s/ Bevilacqua PLLC |
Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm
To the Board of Directors of Brera Holdings PLC
(f/k/a Brera Holdings Limited)
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference
in Brera Holdings PLC’s (f/k/a Brera Holdings Limited) (the “Company”) Registration Statement on Form F-3 of our report
dated May 1, 2023, relating to the consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, which appear
in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022. We also consent to the reference to us under the
heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.
/s/ TAAD LLP
Diamond Bar, California
February 5, 2024
Exhibit 107
Calculation of Filing Fee Tables
BRERA
HOLDINGS PLC |
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) |
Table 1: Newly Registered and Carry Forward
Securities
| |
Security
Type | |
Security
Class Title | |
Fee
Calculation
or Carry
Forward Rule | |
Amount
Registered(1) | | |
Proposed
Maximum Offering
Price
Per Unit(2) | | |
Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price(1)(2) | | |
Fee
Rate | | |
Amount
of
Registration
Fee(3) | |
Fees to be Paid | |
Equity | |
Class B Ordinary Shares, $0.005 nominal value per share | |
Rule 457(o) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| — | | |
| — | |
Fees to be Paid | |
Equity | |
Preferred Shares, $0.005 nominal value per share | |
Rule 457(o) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| — | | |
| — | |
Fees to be Paid | |
Equity | |
Debt Securities | |
Rule 457(o) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| — | | |
| — | |
Fees to be Paid | |
Equity | |
Warrants | |
Rule 457(o) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| — | | |
| — | |
Fees to be Paid | |
Equity | |
Subscription Rights | |
Rule 457(o) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| — | | |
| — | |
Fees to be Paid | |
Equity | |
Units | |
Rule 457(o) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
| — | | |
| — | |
Fees to be Paid | |
Equity | |
Unallocated (Universal) Shelf | |
Rule 457(o) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (2) | |
$ | 100,000,000 | | |
| 0.0001476 | | |
$ | 14,760.00 | |
| |
Total Offering Amounts | |
| | | |
$ | 100,000,000 | | |
| | | |
$ | 14,760.00 | |
| |
Total Fees Previously Paid | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
$ | 0.00 | |
| |
Total Fee Offsets | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
$ | 0.00 | |
| |
Net Fee Due | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
$ | 14,760.00 | |
| (1) | There are being registered hereunder such indeterminate (a) number of Class B Ordinary Shares, $0.005
nominal value per share (“Class B Ordinary Shares”), (b) number of preferred shares, $0.005 nominal value per share (“Preferred
Shares”), (c) principal amount of debt securities, (d) number of warrants to purchase Class B Ordinary Shares, Preferred Shares
or debt securities; (e) number of rights to purchase Class B Ordinary Shares, Preferred Shares, debt securities or other securities, and
(f) number of units, as shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $100,000,000. If any debt securities are issued at
an original issue discount, then the offering price of such debt securities shall be in such greater principal amount as shall result
in an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $100,000,000. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units
with other securities registered hereunder. The securities registered also include such indeterminate number of Class B Ordinary Shares,
Preferred Shares, and debt securities as may be issued upon conversion, exercise or exchange of convertible, exercisable or exchangeable
securities being registered hereunder or pursuant to the antidilution provisions of any such securities. In addition, pursuant to Rule
416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the securities being registered hereunder include
such indeterminate number of securities as may be issuable with respect to the securities being registered hereunder as a result of share
splits, share dividends or similar transactions. |
| (2) | The proposed maximum aggregate offering price for each class of securities will be determined from time
to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified
as to each class of securities pursuant to General Instruction II.G. of Form F-3 under the Securities Act. |
| (3) | Estimated solely for the purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) of Regulation
C under the Securities Act. |
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