Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

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United States

Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

x Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024

o Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from ______ to ______

Commission file number 001-36057

Ring Energy, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Nevada			90-0406406
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1725 Hughes Landing Blvd., Suite 900 The Woodlands, TX			77380
(Address of principal executive offices)			(Zip Code)

(281) 397-3699
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001	REI	NYSE American

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x

As of May 6, 2024, the registrant had outstanding 197,937,450 shares of common stock ($0.001 par value).

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	Item 1:	Condensed Financial Statements	5
		Notes to the Condensed Financial Statements	13
	Item 2:	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	31
	Item 3:	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	40
	Item 4:	Controls and Procedures	41
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
	Item 1:	Legal Proceedings	41
	Item 1A:	Risk Factors	41
	Item 2:	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	42
	Item 3:	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	42
	Item 4:	Mine Safety Disclosures	42
	Item 5:	Other Information	42
	Item 6:	Exhibits	42
SIGNATURES			43

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Forward Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (herein, “Quarterly Report”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and expenses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. When used in this Quarterly Report, the words “may,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “plan,” “pursue,” “target,” “continue,” “potential,” “guidance,” “project” or other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements we make in this Quarterly Report are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. We are making investors aware that such forward-looking statements, because they relate to future events, are by their very nature subject to many important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated. Such factors include:

•declines or volatility in the prices we receive for our oil and natural gas;

•our ability to raise additional capital to fund future capital expenditures;

•our ability to generate sufficient net cash provided by operating activities, borrowings or other sources to enable us to fully develop and produce our oil and natural gas properties;

•general economic conditions, whether internationally, nationally or in the regional and local market areas in which we do business;

•risks associated with drilling, including completion risks, cost overruns, mechanical failures and the drilling of non-economic wells or dry holes;

•uncertainties associated with estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves;

•the presence or recoverability of estimated oil and natural gas reserves and the actual future production rates and associated costs;

•the effects of inflation on our cost structure;

•substantial declines in the estimated values of our proved oil and natural gas reserves;

•our ability to replace our oil and natural gas reserves;

•the effects of rising interest rates on our cost of capital and the actions that central banks around the world undertake to control inflation, including the impacts such actions have on general economic conditions;

•unanticipated reductions in the borrowing base under our credit agreement;

•the potential for production decline rates and associated production costs for our wells to be greater than we forecast;

•risks and liabilities associated with the acquisition and integration of companies and properties;

•cost and availability of drilling rigs, and related equipment, supplies, personnel, and oilfield services;

•geological concentration of our oil and natural gas reserves;

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•the timing and extent of our success in acquiring, discovering, developing, and producing oil and natural gas reserves;

•our dependence on the availability, use and disposal of water in our drilling, completion and production operations;

•significant competition for oil and natural gas acreage and acquisitions;

•environmental or other governmental regulations, including legislation related to hydraulic fracture stimulation and climate change measures;

•our ability to secure reliable transportation for oil and natural gas we produce and to sell the oil and natural gas at market prices;

•future environmental, social and governance ("ESG") compliance developments and increased attention to such matters which could adversely affect our ability to raise equity and debt capital;

•management’s ability to execute our plans to meet our optimal goals;

•the occurrence of cybersecurity incidents, attacks or other breaches to our information technology systems or on

systems and infrastructure used by the oil and gas industry;

•our ability to find and retain highly skilled personnel and our ability to retain key members of our management team on commercially reasonable terms;

•adverse weather conditions;

•costs and liabilities associated with environmental, health, and safety laws;

•the effect of our oil and natural gas derivative activities;

•social unrest, political instability, or armed conflict in major oil and natural gas producing regions outside the United States, including evolving geopolitical and military hostilities in the Middle East, Russia, and Ukraine and acts of terrorism or sabotage;

•our insurance coverage may not adequately cover all losses that may be sustained in connection with our business activities;

•possible adverse results from litigation and the use of financial resources to defend ourselves; and

•the other factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A-- “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as well as in our condensed financial statements, related notes, and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and our other reports filed from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date that such statements are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements after the date they are made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report to “Ring,” “Ring Energy,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” or “ours” refer to Ring Energy, Inc.

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Financial Statements

The following (a) condensed balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 which has been derived from our audited financial statements, and (b) the unaudited condensed financial statements included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Accordingly, certain disclosures by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") and normally included in Annual Reports on Form 10-K have been omitted. Although management believes that our disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, these unaudited interim condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited financial statements and related notes included in its most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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RING ENERGY, INC.

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,376,075	$	296,384
Accounts receivable	44,392,621		38,965,002
Joint interest billing receivables, net	1,857,241		2,422,274
Derivative assets	3,704,446		6,215,374
Inventory	5,965,519		6,136,935
Prepaid expenses and other assets	1,371,146		1,874,850
Total Current Assets	58,667,048		55,910,819
Properties and Equipment
Oil and natural gas properties, full cost method	1,700,133,519		1,663,548,249
Financing lease asset subject to depreciation	4,151,171		3,896,316
Fixed assets subject to depreciation	3,353,730		3,228,793
Total Properties and Equipment	1,707,638,420		1,670,673,358
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization	(400,876,225)		(377,252,572)
Net Properties and Equipment	1,306,762,195		1,293,420,786
Operating lease asset	2,353,647		2,499,592
Derivative assets	5,092,176		11,634,714
Deferred financing costs	11,808,874		13,030,481
Total Assets	$	1,384,683,940	$	1,376,496,392

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	99,149,633	$	104,064,124
Income tax liability	102,633		—
Financing lease liability	1,003,909		956,254
Operating lease liability	612,373		568,176
Derivative liabilities	17,517,656		7,520,336
Notes payable	—		533,734

Asset retirement obligations	36,318		165,642
Total Current Liabilities	118,422,522		113,808,266

Non-current Liabilities

Deferred income taxes	10,178,298		8,552,045
Revolving line of credit	422,000,000		425,000,000
Financing lease liability, less current portion	858,374		906,330
Operating lease liability, less current portion	1,896,177		2,054,041
Derivative liabilities	10,012,561		11,510,368
Asset retirement obligations	28,308,884		28,082,442
Total Liabilities	591,676,816		589,913,492
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 12)
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock - $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding	—		—
Common stock - $0.001 par value; 450,000,000 shares authorized; 197,934,202 shares and 196,837,001 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	197,934		196,837
Additional paid-in capital	796,742,425		795,834,675
Accumulated deficit	(3,933,235)		(9,448,612)
Total Stockholders’ Equity	793,007,124		786,582,900
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	1,384,683,940	$	1,376,496,392

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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RING ENERGY, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023

Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Revenues		$	94,503,136	$	88,082,912

Costs and Operating Expenses
Lease operating expenses		18,360,434		17,472,691
Gathering, transportation and processing costs		166,054		(823)
Ad valorem taxes		2,145,631		1,670,613
Oil and natural gas production taxes		4,428,303		4,408,140
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		23,792,450		21,271,671
Asset retirement obligation accretion		350,834		365,847
Operating lease expense		175,091		113,138
General and administrative expense		7,469,222		7,130,139

Total Costs and Operating Expenses		56,888,019		52,431,416

Income from Operations		37,615,117		35,651,496

Other Income (Expense)
Interest income		78,544		—
Interest (expense)		(11,498,944)		(10,390,279)
Gain (loss) on derivative contracts		(19,014,495)		9,474,905
Gain on disposal of assets		38,355		—
Other income		25,686		9,600
Net Other Income (Expense)		(30,370,854)		(905,774)

Income Before Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes		7,244,263		34,745,722

Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes		(1,728,886)		(2,029,943)
Net Income		$	5,515,377	$	32,715,779

Basic Earnings per Share		$	0.03	$	0.18
Diluted Earnings per Share		$	0.03	$	0.17

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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RING ENERGY, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)		Total Stockholders' Equity
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024	Shares	Amount
Balance, December 31, 2023	196,837,001	$	196,837	$	795,834,675	$	(9,448,612)	$	786,582,900



Restricted stock vested	1,342,112	1,342		(1,342)		—		—
Shares to cover tax withholdings for restricted stock vested	(244,911)	(245)		245		—		—
Payments to cover tax withholdings for restricted stock vested, net	—	—		(814,985)		—		(814,985)


Share-based compensation	—	—		1,723,832		—		1,723,832
Net income	—	—		—		5,515,377		5,515,377
Balance, March 31, 2024	197,934,202	$	197,934	$	796,742,425	$	(3,933,235)	$	793,007,124























For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Balance, December 31, 2022	175,530,212	$	175,530	$	775,241,114	$	(114,313,253)	$	661,103,391
Exercise of common warrants issued in offering	4,517,427	4,517		3,609,424		—		3,613,941


Restricted stock vested	659,479	659		(659)		—		—
Shares to cover tax withholdings for restricted stock vested	(79,634)	(79)		79		—		—
Payments to cover tax withholdings for restricted stock vested, net	—	—		(134,381)		—		(134,381)


Share-based compensation	—	—		1,943,696		—		1,943,696
Net income	—	—		—		32,715,779		32,715,779
Balance, March 31, 2023	180,627,484	$	180,627	$	780,659,273	$	(81,597,474)	$	699,242,426

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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RING ENERGY, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net income	$	5,515,377	$	32,715,779
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	23,792,450		21,271,671
Asset retirement obligation accretion	350,834		365,847
Amortization of deferred financing costs	1,221,607		1,220,384
Share-based compensation	1,723,832		1,943,696
Bad debt expense	163,840		2,894
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	1,585,445		1,972,653
Excess tax expense (benefit) related to share-based compensation	40,808		—
(Gain) loss on derivative contracts	19,014,495		(9,474,905)
Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net	(1,461,515)		(658,525)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(5,240,487)		3,428,287
Inventory	171,416		442,598
Prepaid expenses and other assets	503,704		529,934
Accounts payable	(1,601,276)		(9,589,898)
Settlement of asset retirement obligation	(591,361)		(490,319)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	45,189,169		43,680,096
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Payments for the Stronghold Acquisition	—		(18,511,170)

Payments to purchase oil and natural gas properties	(475,858)		(59,099)
Payments to develop oil and natural gas properties	(38,904,808)		(36,939,307)
Payments to acquire or improve fixed assets subject to depreciation	(124,937)		(14,570)

Proceeds from divestiture of equipment for oil and natural gas properties	—		54,558


Net Cash (Used in) Investing Activities	(39,505,603)		(55,469,588)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Proceeds from revolving line of credit	51,500,000		56,000,000
Payments on revolving line of credit	(54,500,000)		(49,000,000)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from warrant exercises	—		3,613,941

Payments for taxes withheld on vested restricted shares, net	(814,985)		(134,381)

Payments on notes payable	(533,734)		(499,880)

Reduction of financing lease liabilities	(255,156)		(177,014)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities	(4,603,875)		9,802,666
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash	1,079,691		(1,986,826)
Cash at Beginning of Period	296,384		3,712,526
Cash at End of Period	$	1,376,075	$	1,725,700

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RING ENERGY, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for interest	$	9,926,520	$	9,246,281
Cash paid for income taxes	—		—

Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
Asset retirement obligation incurred during development	$	168,848	$	95,062





Financing lease assets obtained in exchange for new financing lease liability	254,855		83,811

Change in capitalized expenditures attributable to drilling projects financed through current liabilities	(3,120,789)		1,981,649















Supplemental Schedule for Stronghold Acquisition
Investing Activities - Cash Paid






Payment of deferred cash payment	—		15,000,000
Payment of post-close settlement	—		3,511,170
Payments for the Stronghold Acquisition	$	—	$	18,511,170

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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RING ENERGY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Index to the Notes to the Condensed Financial Statements


Note 1 — Basis of Presentation & Significant Accounting Policies			Note 8 — Revolving Line of Credit
Note 2 — Revenue Recognition			Note 9 — Asset Retirement Obligation
Note 3 — Leases			Note 10 — Stockholders' Equity
Note 4 — Earnings Per Share Information			Note 11 — Employee Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units
Note 5 — Acquisitions and Divestitures			Note 12 — Commitments and Contingencies
Note 6 — Derivative Financial Instruments			Note 13 — Subsequent Events
Note 7 — Fair Value Measurements

NOTE 1 — BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Condensed Financial Statements – The accompanying condensed financial statements prepared by Ring Energy, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company,” "Ring Energy," “Ring,” "we," "us," or "our"), have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements contain all adjustments necessary for fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented, which adjustments were of a normal recurring nature, except as disclosed herein. The condensed results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2024, for various reasons, including the impact of fluctuations in prices received for oil and natural gas, natural production declines, the uncertainty of exploration and development drilling results, fluctuations in the fair value of derivative instruments, and other factors.

These unaudited condensed financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) applicable to interim financial information, and, accordingly, do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Therefore, these condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Organization and Nature of Operations – Ring Energy is a growth oriented independent exploration and production company based in The Woodlands, Texas engaged in oil and natural gas development, production, acquisition, and exploration activities currently focused in the Permian Basin of Texas. Our drilling operations target the oil and liquids rich producing formations in the Northwest Shelf and the Central Basin Platform, in the Permian Basin of Texas.

Liquidity and Capital Considerations – The Company strives to maintain an adequate liquidity level to address volatility and risk. Sources of liquidity include the Company’s net cash provided by operating activities, cash on hand, available borrowing capacity under its revolving credit facility, and proceeds from sales of non-strategic assets.

While changes in oil and natural gas prices affect the Company’s liquidity, the Company has put in place hedges in seeking to protect a substantial portion of its cash flows from price declines; however, if oil or natural gas prices rapidly deteriorate due to unanticipated economic conditions, this could still have a material adverse effect on the Company’s cash flows.

The Company expects ongoing oil price volatility over an indeterminate term. Extended depressed oil prices have historically had and could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s oil revenue, which is mitigated to some extent by the Company’s hedge contracts. The Company is always mindful of oil price volatility and its impact on our liquidity.

The Company believes that it has the ability to continue to fund its operations and service its debt by using cash flows from operations.

Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements are based on a number of significant estimates, including estimates of oil and natural gas reserve quantities, which are the basis for the calculation of depletion and impairment of oil and gas properties. Reserve estimates, by their nature, are inherently imprecise. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Changes in the future

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estimated oil and natural gas reserves or the estimated future cash flows attributable to the reserves that are utilized for impairment analysis could have a significant impact on the Company’s future results of operations.

Fair Value Measurements - Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) has established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy consists of three broad levels. Level 1 inputs are the highest priority and consist of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Level 2 are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 are unobservable inputs for an asset or liability.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments – The carrying amounts reported for our revolving line of credit approximate their fair value because the underlying instruments are at interest rates which approximate current market rates. The carrying amounts of accounts receivable and accounts payable and other current assets and liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term maturities and/or liquid nature of these assets and liabilities.

Fair Value of Non-financial Assets and Liabilities – The Company also applies fair value accounting guidance to initially, or as events dictate, measure non-financial assets and liabilities such as those obtained through business acquisitions, property and equipment and asset retirement obligations. These assets and liabilities are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances and are not subject to recurring revaluations. Fair value may be estimated using comparable market data, a discounted cash flow method, or a combination of the two as considered appropriate based on the circumstances. Under the discounted cash flow method, estimated future cash flows are based on management’s expectations for the future and include estimates of future oil and natural gas production or other applicable sales estimates, operational costs and a risk-adjusted discount rate. The Company may use the present value of estimated future cash inflows and/or outflows or third-party offers or prices of comparable assets with consideration of current market conditions to value its non-financial assets and liabilities when circumstances dictate determining fair value is necessary. Given the significance of the unobservable nature of a number of the inputs, these are considered Level 3 on the fair value hierarchy.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – The Company periodically enters into derivative contracts to manage its exposure to commodity price risk. These derivative contracts, which are generally placed with major financial institutions, may take the form of forward contracts, futures contracts, swaps or options. The oil and gas reference prices upon which the commodity derivative contracts are based reflect various market indices that have a high degree of historical correlation with actual prices received by the Company for its oil and gas production.

As the Company has not designated its derivative instruments as hedges for accounting purposes, any gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value of outstanding derivative financial instruments and from the settlement of derivative financial instruments are recognized in earnings and included as a component of other income (expense) in the Condensed Statements of Operations.

When applicable, the Company records all derivative instruments, other than those that meet the normal purchases and sales exception, on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at fair value. Changes in fair value are recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. See "NOTE 6 — DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS" below for additional information.

The Company uses the indirect method of reporting operating cash flows within the Condensed Statements of Cash Flows. Accordingly, the non-cash, unrealized gains and losses from derivative contracts are reflected as an adjustment to arrive at Net cash provided by operating activities. The total Gain (loss) on derivative contracts less the Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net represents the unrealized (mark to market) gain or loss on derivative contracts.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Receivables – Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and receivables.

Cash and cash equivalents - The Company had cash in excess of federally insured limits of $1,126,075 and $46,384 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company places its cash with a high credit quality financial institution. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk in this area.

Accounts receivable - Substantially all of the Company’s accounts receivable is from purchasers of oil and natural gas. Oil and natural gas sales are generally unsecured. Accounts receivable from purchasers outstanding longer than the contractual

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payment terms are considered past due. The Company has not had any significant credit losses in the past and believes its accounts receivable are fully collectable. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, sales to three purchasers represented 61%, 13% and 12%, respectively, of total oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids sales. As of March 31, 2024, receivables outstanding from these three purchasers represented 59%, 12% and 11%, respectively, of accounts receivable.

Production imbalances - The Company accounts for natural gas production imbalances using the sales method, which recognizes revenue on all natural gas sold even though the natural gas volumes sold may be more or less than the Company's ownership entitles it to sell. Liabilities are recorded for imbalances greater than the Company’s proportionate share of remaining estimated natural gas reserves. The Company recorded no imbalances as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Joint interest billing receivables, net - The Company also has joint interest billing receivables. Joint interest billing receivables are collateralized by the pro rata revenue attributable to the joint interest holders and further by the interest itself. Receivables from joint interest owners outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. The following table indicates the Company's provisions for bad debt expense associated with its joint interest billing receivables during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Bad debt expense		$	163,840	$	2,894

The following table reflects the Company's joint interest billing receivables and allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Joint interest billing receivables	$	2,042,925	$	2,480,843
Allowance for credit losses	(185,684)		(58,569)
Joint interest billing receivables, net	$	1,857,241	$	2,422,274

The increase of $127,115 in the allowance for credit losses during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was due to property sales and owner settlements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had no such investments.

Inventory - The full balance of the Company's inventory consists of materials and supplies for its operations, with no work in process or finished goods inventory balances. Inventory is added to the books upon the purchase of supplies (inclusive of freight and sales tax costs) to use on well sites, and inventory is reduced by material transfers for inventory usage based on the initial invoiced value. The Company reports the balance of its inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory balances are excluded from the Company's calculation of depletion.

Oil and Natural Gas Properties – The Company uses the full cost method of accounting for oil and natural gas properties. Under this method, all costs (direct and indirect) associated with acquisition, exploration, and development of oil and natural gas properties are capitalized. Costs capitalized include acquisition costs, geological and geophysical expenditures, lease rentals on undeveloped properties and costs of drilling and equipping productive and non-productive wells. Drilling costs include directly related overhead costs. Capitalized costs are categorized either as being subject to amortization or not subject to amortization. All of the Company’s capitalized costs, excluding inventory, are subject to amortization.

The Company records a liability in the period in which an asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) is incurred, in an amount equal to the discounted estimated fair value of the obligation that is capitalized. Thereafter this liability is accreted up to the final retirement cost. An ARO is a future expenditure related to the disposal or other retirement of certain assets. The Company’s ARO relates to future plugging and abandonment expenses of its oil and natural gas properties and related facilities disposal. Dispositions of oil and natural gas properties are accounted for as adjustments to capitalized costs.

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All capitalized costs of oil and natural gas properties, including the estimated future costs to develop proved reserves and estimated future costs to plug and abandon wells and costs of site restoration, less the estimated salvage value of equipment associated with the oil and natural gas properties, are amortized on the unit-of-production method using estimates of proved reserves as determined by independent petroleum engineers. If the results of an assessment indicate that the properties are impaired, the amount of the impairment is offset to the capitalized costs to be amortized. The following table shows total depletion and the depletion per barrel-of-oil-equivalent rate, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Depletion		$	23,429,612	$	20,980,542
Depletion rate, per barrel-of-oil-equivalent (Boe)		$	13.53	$	12.74

In addition, capitalized costs less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization and related deferred income taxes are not allowed to exceed an amount (the full cost ceiling) equal to the sum of:

1)the present value of estimated future net revenues discounted at ten percent computed in compliance with SEC guidelines;

2)plus the cost of properties not being amortized;

3)plus the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproven properties included in the costs being amortized;

4)less income tax effects related to differences between the book and tax basis of the properties.

No impairments on oil and natural gas properties as a result of the ceiling test were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Land, Buildings, Equipment, Software, Leasehold Improvements, Automobiles, Buildings and Structures – Land, buildings, equipment, software, leasehold improvements, automobiles, buildings and structures are carried at historical cost, adjusted for impairment loss and accumulated depreciation (except for land). Historical costs include all direct costs associated with the acquisition of land, buildings, equipment, software, leasehold improvements, automobiles, buildings and structures and placing them in service. Upon sale or abandonment, the cost of the fixed asset(s) and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is recognized.

Depreciation of buildings, equipment, software, leasehold improvements, automobiles, buildings and structures is calculated using the straight-line method based upon the following estimated useful lives:


Leasehold improvements						3‑5 years
Office equipment and software						3‑7 years
Equipment						5‑10 years
Automobiles						4 years
Buildings and structures						7 years

The following table provides information on the Company's depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Depreciation		$	101,937	$	105,101

Notes Payable – At the end of May 2023, the Company renewed its control of well, general liability, pollution, umbrella, property, workers' compensation, auto, and D&O (directors and officers) insurance policies, and funded the premiums with a promissory note with a total face value after down payments of $1,565,071. In November 2023, the Company renewed its cybersecurity insurance policy, and funded the premium with a promissory note with a total face value after down payments of $72,442. The annual percentage rate (APR) for both notes is 7.08%. As of March 31, 2024, the notes payable

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balance included in current liabilities on the Condensed Balance Sheet is $0. The following table shows interest paid related to notes payable for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. This interest is included within "Interest (expense)" in the Condensed Statements of Operations.


	Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Interest paid for notes payable		$	6,380	$	3,692

Revenue Recognition – In January 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 Revenues from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). The timing of recognizing revenue from the sale of produced crude oil and natural gas was not changed as a result of adopting ASU 2014-09. The Company predominantly derives its revenue from the sale of produced crude oil and natural gas. The contractual performance obligation is satisfied when the product is delivered to the purchaser. Revenue is recorded in the month the product is delivered to the purchaser. The Company receives payment from one to three months after delivery. The transaction price includes variable consideration as product pricing is based on published market prices and reduced for contract specified differentials (quality, transportation and other variables from benchmark prices). The guidance regarding ASU 2014-09 does not require that the transaction price be fixed or stated in the contract. Estimating the variable consideration does not require significant judgment and Ring engages third party sources to validate the estimates. Revenue is recognized net of royalties due to third parties in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products. See "NOTE 2 — REVENUE RECOGNITION" for additional information.

Income Taxes – Provisions for income taxes are based on taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred taxes. Deferred income taxes are provided on differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the condensed financial statements, and tax carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the condensed financial statements at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.

In assessing the Company’s deferred tax assets, we consider whether a valuation allowance should be recorded for some or all of the deferred tax assets which may not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is assessed at each reporting period and is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income and the Company’s ability to utilize operation loss carryforwards during the periods in which the temporary differences become deductible. We also consider the reversal of deferred tax liabilities and available tax planning strategies. As of March 31, 2024, we carried a valuation allowance against our federal and state deferred tax assets of $0. Accordingly, the Company recorded the following federal and state income tax benefits (provisions) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Deferred federal income tax benefit (provision)		$	(1,551,759)	$	(1,529,249)
Current state income tax benefit (provision)		(102,633)		(57,291)
Deferred state income tax benefit (provision)		(74,494)		(443,403)
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes		$	(1,728,886)	$	(2,029,943)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company’s overall effective tax rates (calculated as Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes divided by Income Before Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes) was (23.9)%. In comparison to the federal statutory corporate tax rate, this rate was primarily impacted by the state income taxes.

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – In accordance with GAAP, the Company has analyzed its filing positions in all jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns for the open tax years. The Company has identified its federal income tax return and its franchise tax return in Texas in which it operates as a “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company’s federal income tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2019 and after remain subject to examination. The Company’s federal income tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2007 and after remain subject to examination to the extent of the net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards. The Company’s franchise tax returns in Texas remain subject to examination for 2018 and after. The Company currently believes that all significant filing positions are highly certain and that all of its significant income tax filing positions and deductions would be sustained upon audit. Therefore, the Company has no significant reserves for uncertain tax positions and no adjustments to such reserves were required by GAAP. No

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interest or penalties have been levied against the Company and none are anticipated; therefore, no interest or penalty has been included in our provision for income taxes in the Condensed Statements of Operations.

Leases - The Company accounts for its leases in accordance with ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), effective January 1, 2019. The Company made accounting policy elections to not capitalize leases with a lease term of twelve months or less (i.e. short term leases) and to not separate lease and non-lease components for all asset classes. The Company also elected to adopt the package of practical expedients within ASU 2016-02 that allows an entity to not reassess prior to the effective date (i) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, or (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases, and the practical expedient regarding land easements that exist prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-02. The Company did not elect the practical expedient of hindsight when determining the lease term of existing contracts at the effective date.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share – Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share are calculated to give effect to potentially issuable dilutive common shares.

Share-Based Employee Compensation – The Company has outstanding stock option grants and restricted stock unit awards to directors, officers and employees, which are described more fully below in "NOTE 11 — EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS". The Company recognizes the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award and recognizes the related compensation expense over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which is generally the vesting period.

Share-Based Compensation to Non-Employees – The Company accounts for share-based compensation issued to non-employees as either the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The measurement date for these issuances is the earlier of (i) the date at which a commitment for performance by the recipient to earn the equity instruments is reached or (ii) the date at which the recipient’s performance is complete.

Share-Based Compensation - The following table summarizes the Company's share-based compensation, included with General and administrative expense within our Condensed Statements of Operations, incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Share-based compensation		$	1,723,832	$	1,943,696

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, "Business Combinations (Topic 805) – Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers” ("ASU 2021-08"). This update requires the acquirer in a business combination to record contract asset and liabilities following Topic 606 – “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” at acquisition as if it had originated the contract, rather than at fair value. This update became effective for public business entities beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company adopted ASU 2021-08 effective January 1, 2023. The adoption and implementation of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements, as its revenue is recognized when control transfers to the purchaser at the point of delivery, and no contract liabilities or assets are recognized in accordance with ASC 606.

In July 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-03, Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205), Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Equity (Topic 505), and Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 120, SEC Staff Announcement at the March 24, 2022 EITF Meeting, and Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 6.B, Accounting Series Release 280 - General Revision of Regulation S-X: Income or Loss Applicable to Common Stock. The ASU provided updated views from the SEC Staff on employee and non-employee share-based payment accounting, including guidance related to spring-loaded awards. As the ASU did not provide any new ASC guidance, and there was no transition or effective date provided, the Company adopted this standard upon issuance, and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed financial statements.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements – In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”), which provided optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that referenced LIBOR ("London Inter-Bank Offered Rate") or another rate. ASU 2020-04 was in effect through December 31, 2022. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope (“ASU 2021-01”), to provide clarifying guidance regarding the scope of Topic 848. ASU 2020-04 was issued to provide optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848" ("ASU 2022-06"), which defers the sunset date of Topic 848 from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024. Beginning August 31, 2022, under the Company's Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, the Company's interest rates were transitioned from the LIBOR to the SOFR ("Standard Overnight Financing Rate") reference rate. At this time, the Company does not plan to enter into additional contracts using LIBOR as a reference rate.

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, "Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative." This update modifies the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the Codification, which should be applied prospectively. For instance, within ASC 230-10 Statement of Cash Flows - Overall, the amendment requires an accounting policy disclosure in annual periods of where cash flows associated with their derivative instruments and their related gains and losses are presented in the statement of cash flows. Additionally, within ASC 260-10 Earnings Per Share - Overall, the amendment requires disclosure of the methods used in the diluted earnings-per-share computation for each dilutive security and clarifies that certain disclosures should be made during interim periods. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this update on its financial statements and related notes. If by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from the Codification and will not become effective for any entity.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07 "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures." This update requires that a public entity with multiple reportable segments disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), as well as other segment items that are included in the calculation of segment profit or loss. A public entity will also be required to disclose all annual disclosures about a reportable segment's profit or loss currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods. Although a public entity is permitted to disclose multiple measures of a segment's profit or loss, at least one of the reported segment profit or loss measures should be consistent with the measurement principles used in measuring the corresponding amounts of the public entity's consolidated financial statements. Further, a public entity must disclose the title and position of the CODM as well as how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. Finally, the update requires that a public entity that has a single reportable segment provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this update and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this new guidance on its financial disclosures. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures." The amendments from this update provide for more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. Specifically, public business entities are required to disclose a tabular reconciliation, using both percentages and reporting currency amounts, showing detail from eight specific categories: (a) state and local income tax net of federal (national) income tax effect, (b) foreign tax effects, (c) effect of changes in tax laws or rates enacted in the current period, (d) effect of cross-border tax laws, (e) tax credits, (f) changes in valuation allowances, (g) nontaxable or nondeductible items, and (h) changes in unrecognized tax benefits. In addition, public business entities are required to separately disclose any reconciling item, disaggregated by nature and/or jurisdiction, in which the effect of the reconciling item is equal to or greater than five percent of the amount computed by multiplying the income (or loss) from continuing operations before income taxes by the applicable statutory income tax rate. Also, for the state and local category, a public business entity is required to provide a qualitative description of the states and local jurisdictions that make up the majority (greater than 50 percent) of the category. Further, the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) are required to be disaggregated by (i) federal (national), state, and foreign taxes, and (ii) by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid (net of refunds received) is equal to or greater than five percent of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). Finally, the amendments from this update require that all entities disclose (i) income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign and (ii) income tax expense (or

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benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this new guidance on its financial disclosures. For public business entities, the amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024.

NOTE 2 — REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company predominantly derives its revenue from the sale of produced crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs. The contractual performance obligation is satisfied when the product is delivered to the purchaser. Revenue is recorded in the month the product is delivered to the purchaser. The Company receives payment from one to three months after delivery. The Company has utilized the practical expedient in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 606-10-50-14, which states an entity is not required to disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the variable consideration is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation. Under the Company’s sales contracts, each unit of production delivered to a purchaser represents a separate performance obligation, therefore, future volumes to be delivered are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligation is not required. The transaction price includes variable consideration, as product pricing is based on published market prices and adjusted for contract specified differentials such as quality, energy content and transportation. The guidance does not require that the transaction price be fixed or stated in the contract. Estimating the variable consideration does not require significant judgment and the Company engages third party sources to validate the estimates. Revenue is recognized net of royalties due to third parties in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products.

Oil sales

Under the Company’s oil sales contracts, the Company sells oil production at the point of delivery and collects an agreed upon index price, net of pricing differentials. The Company recognizes revenue at the net price received when control transfers to the purchaser at the point of delivery and it is probable the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to receive.

Natural gas and NGL sales

Under the Company’s natural gas sales processing contracts for its Central Basin Platform properties and a portion of its Northwest Shelf assets, the Company delivers unprocessed natural gas to a midstream processing entity at the wellhead. The midstream processing entity obtains control of the natural gas and NGLs at the wellhead. The midstream processing entity gathers and processes the natural gas and NGLs and remits proceeds to the Company for the resulting sale of natural gas and NGLs. Under these processing agreements, the Company recognizes revenue when control transfers to the purchaser at the point of delivery and it is probable the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to receive. As such, the Company accounts for any fees and deductions as a reduction of the transaction price.

Until April 30, 2022, under the Company's natural gas sales processing contracts for the bulk of our Northwest Shelf assets, the Company delivered unprocessed natural gas to a midstream processing entity at the wellhead. However, the Company maintained ownership of the gas through processing and received proceeds from the marketing of the resulting products. Under this processing agreement, the Company recognized the fees associated with the processing as an expense rather than netting these costs against Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Revenues in the Condensed Statements of Operations. Beginning May 1, 2022, these contracts were combined into one contract, and it was modified so that the Company no longer maintained ownership of the gas through processing. Accordingly, the Company from that point on accounts for any such fees and deductions as a reduction of the transaction price. There remains only one contract with a natural gas processing entity in place where point of control of gas dictates requiring the fees be recorded as an expense.

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Disaggregation of Revenue. The following table presents revenues disaggregated by product:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Revenues
Oil		$	92,294,585	$	83,586,327
Natural gas		(818,235)		1,064,563
Natural gas liquids		3,026,786		3,432,022
Total oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids revenues		$	94,503,136	$	88,082,912

NOTE 3 — LEASES

The Company has operating leases for its offices in Midland, Texas and The Woodlands, Texas. The Midland office is under a five-year lease which began January 1, 2021. The Midland office lease was amended effective October 1, 2022, with the revised five-year lease ending September 30, 2027. Beginning January 15, 2021, the Company entered into a five-and-a-half-year sub-lease for office space in The Woodlands, Texas; however, effective as of May 31, 2023, The Woodlands office sub-lease was terminated. On May 9, 2023, the Company entered into a 71-month (five years and 11-month) new lease for a larger amount of office space in The Woodlands, Texas. At the time of the new lease commencement, the additional office space that was added was under construction and until completed, the rental obligation for this space had not yet commenced, because the Company did not have control of the additional office space in accordance with ASC 842-40-55-5. On September 27, 2023, the Company provided a certificate of acceptance of premises to the lessor of the additional office space, and accordingly, the future payments for this space are included along with the other operating leases, reflected in the future lease payments schedule below.

The Company has month to month leases for office equipment and compressors used in its operations on which the Company has elected to apply ASU 2016-02 (i.e. to not capitalize). The office equipment and compressors are not subject to ASU 2016-02 based on the agreement and nature of use. These leases are for terms that are less than 12 months and the Company does not intend to continue to lease this equipment for more than 12 months. The lease costs associated with these leases is reflected in the short-term lease costs within Lease operating expenses, shown below.

The Company has financing leases for vehicles. These leases have a term of 36 months at the end of which the Company owns the vehicles. These vehicles are generally sold at the end of their term and the proceeds applied to a new vehicle.

Future lease payments associated with these operating and financing leases as of March 31, 2024 are as follows:


	2024		2025		2026		2027		2028		Other Future Years
Operating lease payments (1)	$	532,397	$	727,460	$	636,649	$	460,497	$	250,606	$	149,628
Financing lease payments (2)	845,252		808,632		335,634		15,855		—		—

(1)The weighted average annual discount rate as of March 31, 2024 for operating leases was 4.50%. Based on this rate, the future lease payments above include imputed interest of $248,687. The weighted average remaining term of operating leases was 4.10 years.

(2)The weighted average annual discount rate as of March 31, 2024 for financing leases was 6.88%. Based on this rate, the future lease payments above include imputed interest of $143,090. The weighted average remaining term of financing leases was 1.99 years.

The following table represents a reconciliation between the undiscounted future cash flows in the table above and the operating and financing lease liabilities disclosed in the Condensed Balance Sheets:

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	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating lease liability, current portion	$	612,373	$	568,176
Operating lease liability, non-current portion	1,896,177		2,054,041
Operating lease liability, total	$	2,508,550	$	2,622,217
Total undiscounted future cash flows (sum of future operating lease payments)	2,757,237		2,900,050
Imputed interest	248,687		277,833
Undiscounted future cash flows less imputed interest	$	2,508,550	$	2,622,217

Financing lease liability, current portion	$	1,003,909	$	956,254
Financing lease liability, non-current portion	858,374		906,330
Financing lease liability, total	$	1,862,283	$	1,862,584
Total undiscounted future cash flows (sum of future financing lease payments)	2,005,373		2,006,453
Imputed interest	143,090		143,869
Undiscounted future cash flows less imputed interest	$	1,862,283	$	1,862,584

The following table provides supplemental information regarding lease costs in the Condensed Statements of Operations:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Operating lease costs		$	175,091	$	113,138
Short-term lease costs (1)		981,291		1,213,799
Financing lease costs:
Amortization of financing lease assets (2)		260,901		186,028
Interest on financing lease liabilities (3)		31,317		25,431

(1)Amount included in Lease operating expenses

(2)Amount included in Depreciation, depletion and amortization

(3)Amount included in Interest (expense)

NOTE 4 — EARNINGS PER SHARE INFORMATION

The following table presents the calculation of the Company's basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. For all dilutive securities, the treasury stock method of calculating the incremental shares is applied.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Net Income		$	5,515,377	$	32,715,779
Basic Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding		197,389,782		177,984,323
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options		—		14,170
Restricted stock units		1,126,604		1,299,741
Performance stock units		752,551		232,055
Common warrants		36,213		10,608,680

Diluted Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding		199,305,150		190,138,969
Basic Earnings per Share		$	0.03	$	0.18
Diluted Earnings per Share		$	0.03	$	0.17

The following table presents the securities which were excluded from the Company's computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

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	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024	March 31, 2023
Antidilutive securities:
Stock options to purchase common stock		69,566	70,500
Unvested restricted stock units		—	43,480
Unvested performance stock units		1,592,268	1,428,380

NOTE 5 — ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES

Stronghold Acquisition

On July 1, 2022, Ring, as buyer, and Stronghold Energy II Operating, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Stronghold OpCo”) and Stronghold Energy II Royalties, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Stronghold RoyaltyCo”, together with Stronghold OpCo, collectively, “Stronghold”), as seller, entered into a purchase and sale agreement (the “Stronghold Purchase Agreement”). Pursuant to the Stronghold Purchase Agreement, Ring acquired (the “Stronghold Acquisition”) interests in oil and gas leases and related property of Stronghold consisting of approximately 37,000 net acres located in the Central Basin Platform of the Texas Permian Basin. On August 31, 2022, Ring completed the Stronghold Acquisition.

The fair value of consideration paid to Stronghold was approximately $394.0 million, of which $165.9 million, net of customary purchase price adjustments, was paid in cash at closing, $15.0 million was paid in cash on the sixth-month anniversary of the closing date. Shortly after closing, approximately $4.5 million was paid for inventory and vehicles and approximately $1.8 million was paid for August oil derivative settlements for certain novated hedges. The cash portion of the consideration was funded primarily from borrowings under a new fully committed revolving credit facility (the "Credit Facility,") underwritten by Truist Securities, Citizens Bank, N.A., KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc., and Mizuho Bank, Ltd. The borrowing base of the $1.0 billion Credit Facility was increased from $350 million to $600 million at the closing of the Stronghold Acquisition. The remaining consideration consisted of 21,339,986 shares of common stock and 153,176 shares of newly created Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 (“Preferred Stock”), which was converted into 42,548,892 shares of common stock on October 27, 2022. In addition, Ring assumed $24.8 million of derivative liabilities, $1.7 million of items in suspense, and $14.5 million in asset retirement obligations.

Delaware Basin Divestiture

On May 11, 2023, the Company completed the divestiture of its Delaware Basin assets to an unaffiliated party for $8.3 million. The sale had an effective date of March 1, 2023. The final cash consideration was approximately $7.6 million. As part of the divestiture, the buyer assumed an asset retirement obligation balance of approximately $2.3 million.

Founders Acquisition

On July 10, 2023, the Company, as buyer, and Founders Oil & Gas IV, LLC (“Founders”), as seller, entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Founders Purchase Agreement”). Pursuant to the closing of the Purchase Agreement, on August 15, 2023 the Company acquired (the “Founders Acquisition”) interests in oil and gas leases and related property of Founders located in the Central Basin Platform of the Texas Permian Basin in Ector County, Texas, for a purchase price (the “Purchase Price”) of (i) a cash deposit of $7.5 million paid on July 11, 2023 into a third-party escrow account as a deposit pursuant to the Founders Purchase Agreement, (ii) approximately $42.5 million in cash paid on the closing date, net of approximately $10 million of preliminary and customary purchase price adjustments with an effective date of April 1, 2023, and (iii) a deferred cash payment of $11.9 million paid on December 18, 2023, net of customary purchase price adjustments.

The Founders Acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition in accordance with ASC 805. The fair value of the consideration paid by Ring and allocation of that amount to the underlying assets acquired, on a relative fair value basis, was recorded on Ring’s books as of the date of the closing of the Founders Acquisition. Additionally, costs directly related to the Founders Acquisition were capitalized as a component of the purchase price. Determining the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired required judgment and certain assumptions to be made, the most significant of these being related to

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the valuation of Founder’s oil and gas properties. The inputs and assumptions related to the oil and gas properties were categorized as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

The following table represents the final allocation of the total cost of the Founders Acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Founders Acquisition date:


Consideration:
Cash consideration
Escrow deposit released at closing	$	7,500,000
Closing amount paid to Founders	42,502,799
Interest from escrow deposit	1,747
Fair value of deferred payment liability	14,657,383
Post-close adjustments	(4,139,244)
Total cash consideration	$	60,522,685
Direct transaction costs	1,361,843
Total consideration	$	61,884,528

Fair value of assets acquired:
Oil and natural gas properties	$	64,886,472

Amount attributable to assets acquired	$	64,886,472
Fair value of liabilities assumed:
Suspense liability	$	677,116
Asset retirement obligations	2,090,777
Ad valorem tax liability	234,051
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	$	3,001,944
Net assets acquired	$	61,884,528

New Mexico Divestiture

On September 27, 2023, the Company completed the divestiture of its operated New Mexico assets to an unaffiliated party for $4.5 million, resulting in preliminary cash consideration of approximately $3.7 million, subject to customary final purchase price adjustments. The sale had an effective date of June 1, 2023. As part of the divestiture, the buyer assumed an asset retirement obligation balance of approximately $2.4 million.

Gaines County Texas Sale

On December 29, 2023, the Company completed the sale of certain oil and gas properties in Gaines County, Texas to an unaffiliated party for $1.5 million, which resulted in cash proceeds of $1.4 million, net of $0.1 million in sales fees. The sale had an effective date of December 1, 2023. As part of the sale, the buyer assumed an asset retirement obligation balance of approximately $0.5 million.

NOTE 6 — DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company is exposed to fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas prices on its production. It utilizes derivative strategies that consist of either a single derivative instrument or a combination of instruments to manage the variability in cash flows associated with the forecasted sale of our future domestic oil and natural gas production. While the use of derivative instruments may limit or partially reduce the downside risk of adverse commodity price movements, their use also may limit future income from favorable commodity price movements.

From time to time, the Company enters into derivative contracts to protect the Company’s cash flow from price fluctuation and maintain its capital programs. The Company has historically used costless collars, deferred premium puts, or swaps for this purpose. Oil derivative contracts are based on WTI ("West Texas Intermediate") crude oil prices and natural gas contacts are based on the Henry Hub. A “costless collar” is the combination of two options, a put option (floor) and call option (ceiling) with the options structured so that the premium paid for the put option will be offset by the premium

received from selling the call option. Similar to costless collars, there is no cost to enter into the swap contracts. A deferred premium put contract has the premium established upon entering the contract, and due upon settlement of the contract.

The use of derivative transactions involves the risk that the counterparties, which generally are financial institutions, will be unable to meet the financial terms of such transactions. All of our derivative contracts are with lenders under our Credit Facility. Non-performance risk is incorporated in the discount rate by adding the quoted bank (counterparty) credit default swap (CDS) rates to the risk free rate. Although the counterparties hold the right to offset (i.e. netting) the settlement amounts with the Company, in accordance with ASC 815-10-50-4B, the Company classifies the fair value of all its derivative positions on a gross basis in the Company's Condensed Balance Sheets.

The Company’s derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value and included as either assets or liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Balance Sheets. The Company has not designated its derivative instruments as hedges for accounting purposes, and, as a result, any gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value of outstanding derivative financial instruments and from the settlement of derivative financial instruments are recognized in earnings and included as a component of "Other Income (Expense)" under the heading "Gain (loss) on derivative contracts" in the accompanying Condensed Statements of Operations.

The following presents the impact of the Company’s contracts on its Condensed Balance Sheets for the periods indicated.


	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Commodity derivative instruments, marked to market:

Derivative assets, current	$	4,493,001	$	7,768,697
Discounted deferred premiums	(788,555)		(1,553,323)
Derivatives assets, current, net of premiums	$	3,704,446	$	6,215,374

Derivative assets, noncurrent	$	5,092,176	$	11,634,714
Discounted deferred premiums	—		—
Derivative assets, noncurrent, net of premiums	$	5,092,176	$	11,634,714

Derivative liabilities, current	$	17,517,656	$	7,520,336

Derivative liabilities, noncurrent	$	10,012,561	$	11,510,368

The components of “Gain (loss) on derivative contracts” from the Condensed Statements of Operations are as follows for the respective periods:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Oil derivatives:
Realized loss on oil derivatives		$	(2,738,970)	$	(663,762)
Unrealized gain (loss) on oil derivatives		(16,994,322)		8,107,021
Gain (loss) on oil derivatives		$	(19,733,292)	$	7,443,259

Natural gas derivatives:
Realized gain on natural gas derivatives		$	1,277,455	$	5,237
Unrealized gain (loss) on natural gas derivatives		(558,658)		2,026,409
Gain on natural gas derivatives		$	718,797	$	2,031,646

Gain (loss) on derivative contracts		$	(19,014,495)	$	9,474,905

The components of “Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net” within the Condensed Statements of Cash Flows are as follows for the respective periods:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash paid for oil derivatives		$	(2,738,970)	$	(663,762)
Cash received from natural gas derivatives		1,277,455		5,237
Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net		$	(1,461,515)	$	(658,525)

The following tables reflect the details of current derivative contracts as of March 31, 2024 (Quantities are in barrels (Bbl) for the oil derivative contracts and in million British thermal units (MMBtu) for the natural gas derivative contracts):


	Oil Hedges (WTI)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

Swaps:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	156,975		282,900		368,000		—		—		184,000		—		387,000
Weighted average swap price	$	66.40	$	65.49	$	68.43	$	—	$	—	$	73.35	$	—	$	70.11

Deferred premium puts:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	45,500		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Weighted average strike price	$	82.80	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Weighted average deferred premium price	$	17.49	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Two-way collars:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	334,947		230,000		128,800		474,750		464,100		225,400		404,800		—
Weighted average put price	$	64.32	$	64.00	$	60.00	$	57.06	$	60.00	$	65.00	$	60.00	$	—
Weighted average call price	$	79.16	$	76.50	$	73.24	$	75.82	$	69.85	$	78.91	$	75.68	$	—


	Gas Hedges (Henry Hub)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

NYMEX Swaps:
Hedged volume (MMBtu)	86,059		121,587		644,946		616,199		591,725		285,200		—		—
Weighted average swap price	$	3.62	$	3.59	$	4.45	$	3.78	$	3.43	$	3.73	$	—	$	—

Two-way collars:
Hedged volume (MMBtu)	405,650		584,200		27,600		27,000		27,300		308,200		598,000		553,500
Weighted average put price	$	3.94	$	3.94	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.50

Weighted average call price	$	6.16	$	6.17	$	4.15	$	4.15	$	4.15	$	4.75	$	4.15	$	5.03


	Oil Hedges (basis differential)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

Argus basis swaps:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	244,000		368,000		368,000		270,000		273,000		276,000		276,000		—
Weighted average spread price (1)	$	1.15	$	1.15	$	1.15	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	—

(1) The oil basis swap hedges are calculated as the fixed price (weighted average spread price above) less the difference between WTI Midland and WTI Cushing, in the issue of Argus Americas Crude.

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NOTE 7 — FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The authoritative guidance requires disclosure of the framework for measuring fair value and requires that fair value measurements be classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:


Level 1:			Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. We consider active markets as those in which transactions for the assets or liabilities occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2:			Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. This category includes those derivative instruments that we value using observable market data. Substantially all of these inputs are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the derivative instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace.

Level 3:			Measured based on prices or valuation models that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and less observable from objective sources (i.e. supported by little or no market activity).

Financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of the fair value of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy. We continue to evaluate our inputs to ensure the fair value level classification is appropriate. When transfers between levels occur, it is our policy to assume that the transfer occurred at the date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer.

The fair values of the Company’s derivatives are not actively quoted in the open market. The Company uses a market approach to estimate the fair values of its derivative instruments on a recurring basis, utilizing commodity futures pricing for the underlying commodities provided by a reputable third party, a Level 2 fair value measurement.

The Company applies the provisions of the fair value measurement standard on a non-recurring basis to its non-financial assets and liabilities. These assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments if events or changes in certain circumstances indicate that adjustments may be necessary.

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The following table summarizes the valuation of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (further detail in "NOTE 6 — DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS").


	Fair Value Measurement Classification
	Quoted prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or (Liabilities) (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
As of December 31, 2023

Commodity Derivatives - Assets	$	—	$	17,850,088	$	—	$	17,850,088
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	$	—	$	(19,030,704)	$	—	$	(19,030,704)

Total	$	—	$	(1,180,616)	$	—	$	(1,180,616)

As of March 31, 2024

Commodity Derivatives - Assets	$	—	$	8,796,622	$	—	$	8,796,622
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	$	—	$	(27,530,217)	$	—	$	(27,530,217)

Total	$	—	$	(18,733,595)	$	—	$	(18,733,595)

The carrying amounts reported for the revolving line of credit approximates fair value because the underlying instruments are at interest rates which approximate current market rates. The carrying amounts of receivables and accounts payable and other current assets and liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term maturities and/or liquid nature of these assets and liabilities.

NOTE 8 — REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT

On July 1, 2014, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with SunTrust Bank (now Truist), as lender, issuing bank and administrative agent for several banks and other financial institutions and lenders (the “Administrative Agent”), (which was amended several times) that provided for a maximum borrowing base of $1 billion with security consisting of substantially all of the assets of the Company. In April 2019, the Company amended and restated the Credit Agreement with the Administrative Agent (as amended and restated, the “Amended Credit Facility”).

On August 31, 2022, the Company modified its Amended Credit Facility through that certain Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Second Credit Agreement"), extending the maturity date of the facility to August 2026 and the syndicate was modified to add five lenders, replacing five lenders. On February 12, 2024, the Company, Truist Bank as the Administrative Agent and Issuing Bank, and the lenders party thereto (the "Lenders") entered into an amendment (the "Amendment") to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated August 31, 2022. Among other things, the Amendment amends the definition of Free Cash Flow so amounts used by the Company for acquisitions will no longer be subtracted from the calculation of Free Cash Flow.

The Second Credit Agreement has a borrowing base of $600 million, which is subject to periodic redeterminations, mandatory reductions and further adjustments from time to time. The borrowing base is redetermined semi-annually each May and November. The borrowing base is subject to reduction in certain circumstances such as the sale or disposition of certain oil and gas properties of the Company and cancellation of certain hedging positions.

Rather than Eurodollar loans, the reference rate on the Second Credit Agreement is SOFR. Also, the Second Credit Agreement permits the Company to declare dividends for its equity owners, subject to certain limitations, including (i) no default or event of default has occurred or will occur upon such payments, (ii) the pro forma Leverage Ratio (outstanding debt to adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, exploration expenses, and all other non-cash charges acceptable to the Administrative Agent) does not exceed 2.00 to 1.00, (iii) the amount of such payments does not

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exceed Available Free Cash Flow (as defined in the Second Credit Agreement), and (iv) the Borrowing Base Utilization Percentage (as defined in the Second Credit Agreement) is not greater than 80%.

The interest rate on each SOFR Loan will be the adjusted term SOFR for the applicable interest period plus a margin between 3.0% and 4.0% (depending on the then-current level of borrowing base usage). The annual interest rate on each base rate loan is (a) the greatest of (i) the Administrative Agent’s prime lending rate, (ii) the Federal Funds Rate (as defined in the Second Credit Agreement) plus 0.5% per annum, (iii) the adjusted term SOFR determined on a daily basis for an interest period of one month, plus 1.00% per annum and (iv) 0.00% per annum, plus (b) a margin between 2.0% and 3.0% per annum (depending on the then-current level of borrowing base usage).

The Second Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, which, among other things, require the maintenance of (i) a total Leverage Ratio of not more than 3.0 to 1.0 and (ii) a minimum ratio of Current Assets to Current Liabilities (as such terms are defined in the Second Credit Agreement) of 1.0 to 1.0. The Second Credit Agreement also contains other customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The Company is required to maintain on a rolling 24 months basis, hedging transactions in respect of crude oil and natural gas, on not less than 50% of the projected production from its proved, developed, and producing oil and gas. However, if the borrowing base utilization is less than 25% at the hedge testing date and the Leverage Ratio is not greater than 1.25 to 1.00, the required hedging percentage for months 13 through 24 of the rolling 24 month period provided for will be 0% from such hedge testing date to the next succeeding hedge testing date and if the borrowing base utilization percentage is equal to or greater than 25%, but less than 50% and the Leverage Ratio is not greater than 1.25 to 1.00, the required hedging percentage for months 13 through 24 of the rolling 24 month period provided for will be 25% from such hedge testing date to the next succeeding hedge testing date.

As of March 31, 2024, $422 million was outstanding on the Credit Facility and the Company was in compliance with all covenants contained in the Second Credit Agreement.

Under the Second Credit Agreement, the applicable percentage for the unused commitment fee is 0.5% per annum for all levels of borrowing base utilization. As of March 31, 2024, the Company's unused line of credit was $178.0 million, which was calculated by subtracting the outstanding Credit Facility balance of $422 million and standby letters of credit of $35,000 ($10,000 with state and federal agencies and $25,000 with an insurance company for New Mexico state surety bonds) from the $600 million borrowing base.

NOTE 9 — ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION

The Company records the obligation to plug and abandon oil and gas wells at the dates properties are either acquired or the wells are drilled. The asset retirement obligation is adjusted each quarter for any liabilities incurred or settled during the period, accretion expense and any revisions made to the costs or timing estimates. The asset retirement obligation is incurred using an annual credit-adjusted risk-free discount rate at the applicable dates. A reconciliation for the asset retirement obligation during the three months ended March 31, 2024 is as follows:


Balance, December 31, 2023	$	28,248,084
Liabilities acquired	—
Liabilities incurred	168,848
Liabilities sold	—
Liabilities settled	(422,564)
Revision of estimate	—
Accretion expense	350,834
Balance, March 31, 2024	$	28,345,202

The following table presents the Company's current and non-current asset retirement obligation balances as of the periods specified.

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	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Asset retirement obligations, current	$	36,318	$	165,642
Asset retirement obligations, non-current	28,308,884		28,082,442
Asset retirement obligations	$	28,345,202	$	28,248,084

NOTE 10 — STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had 78,200 exercisable common warrants outstanding, with a contractual exercise price of $0.80 per warrant, expiring five years from initial issuance in October 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, no common warrants were exercised. The following table reflects the common warrants exercised, including the proceeds received for such exercises. As of March 31, 2024, there remained 78,200 exercisable common warrants.


	Common Warrants	Exercise Price		Proceeds Received
Exercisable, December 31, 2022	19,107,793	$	0.80
Exercised	(4,517,427)	0.80		$	3,613,941
Exercisable, March 31, 2023	14,590,366	$	0.80
Exercised (1)	(14,512,166)	0.62		$	8,997,543
Exercisable, June 30, 2023	78,200	$	0.80
Exercised	—	—		$	—
Exercisable, September 30, 2023	78,200	$	0.80

Exercisable, December 31, 2023	78,200	$	0.80
Exercised	—	0.80		$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2024	78,200	$	0.80

(1) On April 11 and 12, 2023, the Company and certain holders of the common warrants (the “Participating Holders”) entered into a form of Warrant Amendment and Exercise Agreement (the “Exercise Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to reduce the exercise price of an aggregate of 14,512,166 common warrants held by such Participating Holders from $0.80 to $0.62 per share (the “Reduced Exercise Price”) in consideration for the immediate exercise of the common warrants held by such Participating Holders in full at the Reduced Exercise Price in cash. The Company received aggregate gross proceeds of $8,997,543 from the exercise of the common warrants by the Participating Holders pursuant to the Exercise Agreement, which was recognized as an equity issuance cost in accordance with ASC 815-40-35-17(a). In the Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity, the net impact to Stockholders' Equity was $8,687,655, which was net of $309,888 in advisory fees.

NOTE 11 — EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

Compensation expense charged against income for share-based awards during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows. These amounts are included in General and administrative expense in the Condensed Statements of Operations.


	Three Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2024		Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based compensation		$	1,723,832	$	1,943,696

In 2011, the Board approved and adopted a long-term incentive plan (the “2011 Plan”), which was subsequently approved and amended by the shareholders. There were 541,755 shares eligible for grant, either as stock options or as restricted stock, as of March 31, 2024.

In 2021, the Board and Company shareholders approved and adopted the Ring Energy, Inc. 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The 2021 Plan provides that the Company may grant options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units, performance-based awards, other share-based awards, other cash-based awards, or any combination

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of the foregoing. At the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, the shareholders approved an amendment to the 2021 Plan to increase the number of shares available under the 2021 Plan by 6.0 million. There were 5,293,418 shares available for grant as of March 31, 2024 under the 2021 Plan.

Stock Options

A summary of the status of the stock options as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 and changes during the respective three month periods then ended are as follows:


	Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	265,500	$	4.21
Granted	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Exercised	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	265,500	$	4.21	1.39 years	$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2023	265,500	$	4.21	1.39 years











Outstanding, December 31, 2023	70,500	$	10.33
Granted	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Expired	(5,000)	5.50
Exercised	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	65,500	$	10.70	2.31 years	$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2024	65,500	$	10.70	2.31 years

The intrinsic values were calculated using the closing price on March 31, 2024 of $1.96 and the closing price on March 31, 2023 of $1.90. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had $0 of unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options.

Restricted Stock Units

A summary of the restricted stock unit activity as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and changes during the respective three month periods then ended are as follows:


	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	2,623,790	$	2.29
Granted	2,270,842	2.22
Forfeited or rescinded	(11,712)	2.22
Vested	(659,479)	2.80
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	4,223,441	$	2.17









Outstanding, December 31, 2023	3,148,226	$	2.40
Granted	2,647,970	1.30
Forfeited or rescinded	(26,802)	1.30
Vested	(1,342,112)	2.35
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	4,427,282	$	1.77

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As of March 31, 2024, the Company had $5,054,371 of unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock unit grants that will be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.17 years. Grant activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily restricted stock units for the annual long-term incentive plan awards for employees.

Performance Stock Units

A summary of the status of the performance stock unit ("PSU") grants as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, along with changes during the respective three month periods then ended are as follows:


	Performance Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	1,720,432	$	3.76
Granted	1,162,162	2.71
Forfeited or rescinded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	2,882,594	$	3.34









Outstanding, December 31, 2023	2,022,378	$	3.11
Granted	—	—
Forfeited or rescinded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	2,022,378	$	3.11

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had $3,422,999 of unrecognized compensation cost related to the PSU awards that will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.34 years.

NOTE 12 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Standby Letters of Credit – A commercial bank issued standby letters of credit on behalf of the Company totaling $260,000 to the State of Texas and federal agencies and $500,438 to an insurance company to secure the surety bonds described below. On February 23, 2024, the bank reduced the $500,438 standby letter of credit to $25,000 after approval of the insurance company and also reduced the $260,000 standby letters of credit to the State of Texas and federal agencies to $10,000. The standby letters of credit are valid until cancelled or matured and are collateralized by the Credit Facility with the bank. The terms of the letters of credit to the state and federal agencies are extended for a term of one year at a time. The Company intends to renew the standby letters of credit to the state and federal agencies for as long as the Company does business in the State of Texas. The letter of credit to the insurance company will be renewed if the insurance company requires them to retain the surety bonds; however, as the Company no longer operates any wells in the State of New Mexico, that standby letter of credit will not need to be renewed. No amounts have been drawn under the standby letters of credit.

Surety Bonds – An insurance company issued surety bonds on behalf of the Company totaling $500,438 to various State of New Mexico agencies in order for the Company to do business in the State of New Mexico. The surety bonds are valid until canceled or matured. The terms of the surety bonds are extended for a term of one year at a time. The Company does not intend to renew the surety bonds in the State of New Mexico, as these operated assets have now been sold to a third party. As of March 31, 2024, the Company still had surety bonds in total of $25,000 for the State of New Mexico; however, these bonds are expected to be eliminated once change of ownership is approved by the New Mexico Oil Conservation Division. On January 10, 2024, two insurance companies issued surety bonds on behalf of the Company, one for $250,000, an RRC required blanket performance bond to operate 100 wells or more in the State of Texas, and one for $2,000,000, an RRC required blanket plugging extension bond, each with zero collateral requirements. The term for these two surety bonds ends on July 1, 2025 and they can be renewed at that time. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had $2,275,000 in total surety bonds.

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NOTE 13 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

In accordance with ASC Topic 855, Subsequent Events, the Company has evaluated all events subsequent to the balance sheet date of March 31, 2024, through the date these condensed financial statements were issued, May 6, 2024. The Company did not have any material subsequent events to report.

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Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our accompanying condensed financial statements and the notes to those condensed financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. The following discussion includes forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs and our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those discussed under “Risk Factors,” "Forward Looking Statements" and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.

Overview

Ring Energy, Inc. (the "Company," "Ring," "we," "us," "our" and similar terms) is a growth oriented independent exploration and production company based in The Woodlands, Texas engaged in oil and natural gas development, production, acquisition, and exploration activities currently focused in the Permian Basin of Texas. Our primary drilling operations target the oil and liquids rich producing formations in the Northwest Shelf and the Central Basin Platform, both of which are part of the Permian Basin.

Business Description and Plan of Operation

The Company is focused on balancing the need to reduce long-term debt and further developing our oil and gas properties to maintain or grow our annual production. We intend to achieve both through proper allocation of cash flow generated by our operations and potentially through the sale of non-core assets. We intend to continue evaluating potential transactions to acquire strategic producing assets with attractive acreage positions that can provide competitive returns for our shareholders.

•Growing production and reserves by developing our oil-rich resource base through conventional and horizontal drilling. In an effort to maximize its value and resources potential, Ring intends to drill and develop its acreage base in both the Northwest Shelf and Central Basin Platform assets, allowing Ring to execute on its plan of operating within its generated cash flow.

•Reduction of long-term debt and deleveraging of asset. Ring intends to reduce its long-term debt primarily through the use of excess cash flow and potentially through the sale of non-core assets. The Company believes that with its attractive field level margins, it is well positioned to maximize the value of its assets and deleverage its balance sheet. The Company also believes through potential accretive acquisitions and strategic asset dispositions, it can accelerate the strengthening of its balance sheet. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company made net paydowns of $3 million on its revolving line of credit, resulting in the outstanding long-term debt balance of $422 million.

•Employ industry leading drilling and completion techniques. Ring’s executive team intends to utilize new and innovative technological advancements for completion optimization, comprehensive geological evaluation, and reservoir engineering analysis to generate value and to build future development opportunities. These technological advancements have led to a low-cost structure that helps maximize the returns generated by our drilling programs.

•Pursue strategic acquisitions with attractive upside potential. Ring has a history of acquiring leasehold positions that it believes to have additional resource potential that meet its targeted returns on invested capital and comparable to its existing inventory of drilling locations. We pursue an acquisition strategy designed to increase reserves at attractive finding costs and complement existing core properties. Management intends to continue to pursue strategic acquisitions and structure the potential transactions financially, so they improve balance sheet metrics and are accretive to shareholders. Our executive team, with its extensive experience in the Permian Basin, has many relationships with operators and service providers in the region. Ring believes that leveraging the relationships of its management and board of directors will be a competitive advantage in identifying potential acquisition targets.

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2024 Developments and Highlights

Drilling and Completion

In the first quarter of 2024, in the Northwest Shelf, the Company drilled and completed two 1-mile horizontal wells (one with a working interest of 99.5% and the other with a working interest of 100%). In the Central Basin Platform, the Company drilled and completed nine wells, all with a working interest of 100%. Specifically, in our Andrews County acreage the Company drilled and completed three 1-mile horizontal wells, in the Ector County acreage the Company drilled three vertical wells, and in the Crane County acreage the Company drilled and completed three vertical wells. Additionally, within the Central Basin Platform, the Company drilled and completed one salt water disposal ("SWD") well in Crane County.

The table below sets forth our drilling and completion activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024.


Quarter	Area	Wells Drilled	Wells Completed

1Q 2024	Northwest Shelf (Horizontal)	2	2
	Central Basin Platform (Horizontal)	3	3
	Central Basin Platform (Vertical)	6	6
	Total (1)	11	11

(1) First quarter total does not include the SWD well drilled and completed in the Central Basin Platform.

Market Conditions and Commodity Prices

Our financial results depend on many factors, particularly the price of crude oil and natural gas and our ability to market our production on economically attractive terms. Commodity prices are affected by many factors outside of our control, including changes in market supply and demand both domestically and world wide, which are impacted by many factors. As a result, we cannot accurately predict future commodity prices, and therefore, we cannot determine with any degree of certainty what effect increases or decreases in these prices will have on our drilling program, production volumes or revenues.

Average oil and natural gas prices received through 2023 and 2024 to date continue to demonstrate commodity price volatility and we believe oil and natural gas prices will continue to be volatile for the foreseeable future. The ability to find and develop sufficient amounts of crude oil and natural gas reserves at economical costs are critical to our long-term success.

Natural Gas Takeaway Capacity

The Permian Basin has been experiencing a lack of sufficient pipeline transportation that is connected to markets which are purchasing the natural gas produced. This has resulted in negative natural gas prices at times, whereby the seller is actually paying the purchaser to take the gas. If these depressed or inverted natural gas prices continue in the region, our natural gas revenues will continue to be negatively impacted.

Inflation

Inflation has increased costs associated with our capital program and production operations. We have experienced increases in the costs of many of the materials, supplies, equipment and services used in our operations and we expect inflation to continue based on current economic circumstances. In addition, the attempts to reduce inflation by the U.S. Federal Reserve have resulted in increased interest rates on debt and contributed to debt and equity market volatility. We continue to closely monitor costs and take all reasonable steps to mitigate the inflationary effect on our cost structure and also work to enhance our efficiency to minimize additional cost increases where possible.

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Results of Operations

Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Revenues for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023		Change		% Change
Net sales:
Oil	$	92,294,585	$	83,586,327	$	8,708,258	10	%
Natural gas	(818,235)		1,064,563		(1,882,798)		(177)	%
Natural gas liquids	3,026,786		3,432,022		(405,236)		(12)	%
Total sales	$	94,503,136	$	88,082,912	$	6,420,224	7	%

Net production:
Oil (Bbls)	1,218,837		1,139,413		79,424		7	%
Natural gas (Mcf)	1,496,507		1,601,407		(104,900)		(7)	%
Natural gas liquids (Bbls)	263,802		239,992		23,810		10	%
Total production (Boe)(1)	1,732,057		1,646,306		85,751		5	%

Average sales price:
Oil (per Bbl)	$	75.72	$	73.36	$	2.36	3	%
Natural gas (per Mcf)	(0.55)		0.66		(1.21)		(183)	%
Natural gas liquids (Bbl)	11.47		14.30		(2.83)		(20)	%
Total per Boe	$	54.56	$	53.50	$	1.06	2	%

(1) Boe is calculated using six Mcf of natural gas as the equivalent of one barrel of oil.

Oil sales. Oil sales increased approximately $8.7 million from $83.6 million to $92.3 million due to an increase in sales volume from 1,139,413 barrels of oil to 1,218,837 barrels of oil, further supported by a increase in the average realized price per barrel from $73.36 to $75.72. Of the increase in volume of 79,424 barrels, 157,090 barrels of oil was from wells acquired and new wells drilled in the acreage of the Founders Acquisition offset by natural declines from the legacy assets and sale of non-core assets. The increased average realized price per barrel was primarily the result of higher market conditions.

Natural gas sales. Natural gas sales decreased approximately $1.9 million from $1.1 million to a negative $818,235. While our natural gas sales volume decreased from 1,601,407 Mcf to 1,496,507 Mcf, the average realized price per Mcf decreased from $0.66 to $(0.55). Of the decrease in volume of 104,900 Mcf, 106,419 Mcf was from wells acquired and new wells drilled in the acreage of the Founders Acquisition, and the offsetting decrease of 211,319 Mcf was attributable to legacy assets. The price decrease was driven by lower market conditions. The realized revenue pricing includes the impact of gas plant processing fees that were netted from revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, gross revenues were $1.19 per Mcf and fees were $(1.74) per Mcf, compared to gross revenues of $2.03 per Mcf and fees of $(1.36) per Mcf for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This resulted in a net realized price of $(0.55) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to $0.66 per Mcf for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Natural gas liquids sales. NGL sales decreased approximately $0.4 million from $3.4 million to $3.0 million. NGL sales volumes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were 263,802 barrels of NGLs compared to 239,992 barrels of NGLs for the comparable period in 2023. Of the increase in volume of 23,810 barrels, 29,113 barrels were attributable to the wells acquired and new wells drilled within the acreage of the Founders Acquisition, offset by natural declines from the legacy assets and sale of non-core assets. The average realized price per barrel of NGLs was $11.47 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to $14.30 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, attributable to lower market conditions.

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Production Costs for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024			March 31, 2023			Change			% Change

Lease operating expenses ("LOE")	$	18,360,434		$	17,472,691		$	887,743		5	%
Average LOE per Boe	$	10.60		$	10.61		$	(0.01)		—	%

Gathering, transportation and processing costs ("GTP")	$	166,054		$	(823)		$	166,877		NM (1)
Average GTP per Boe	$	0.10		$	—		$	0.10		100	%

Ad valorem taxes	$	2,145,631		$	1,670,613		$	475,018		28	%
Average Ad valorem taxes per Boe	$	1.24		$	1.01		$	0.23		23	%

Oil and natural gas production taxes	$	4,428,303		$	4,408,140		$	20,163		—	%
Average Production taxes per Boe	$	2.56		$	2.68		$	(0.12)		(4)	%
Production taxes as a percentage of total sales	4.69		%	5.00		%	(0.31)		%	(6)	%

(1) Not meaningful.

Lease operating expenses. Our total LOE increased from $17.5 million to $18.4 million but remained essentially flat on a per Boe basis, decreasing from $10.61 to $10.60. Total LOE increased primarily due to a 5% increase in production of 85,751 Boe as a result of the new wells acquired from the Founders Acquisition as well as new wells drilled and completed from our development program.

Gathering, transportation and processing costs. Our total GTP increased from $(823) to $166,054 and increased on a per Boe basis from $— to $0.10. Beginning May 1, 2022, due to a natural gas processing entity taking control of transportation at the wellhead, GTP costs were re-classified as a reduction to oil and natural gas sales revenues. However, GTP costs increased on the period shown due to one remaining contract with a natural gas processing entity in place where point of control of gas dictates requiring the fees be recorded as an expense.

Ad valorem taxes. Our total ad valorem taxes increased from $1.7 million to $2.1 million and increased on a per Boe basis from $1.01 to $1.24. The $0.5 million increase was primarily attributable to the increased appraisal valuations due to increased drilling activity as well as the properties acquired in the Founders Acquisition.

Oil and natural gas production taxes. Oil and natural gas production taxes as a percentage of oil and natural gas sales were 5.00% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and decreased to 4.69% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Overall, the percentage was consistent period over period.

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Other Costs and Operating Expenses for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023		Change		% Change

Depreciation, depletion and amortization (DD&A):
Depletion	$	23,429,612	$	20,980,542	$	2,449,070	12	%
Depreciation	101,937		105,101		(3,164)		(3)	%
Amortization of financing lease assets	260,901		186,028		74,873		40	%
Total depreciation, depletion and amortization	$	23,792,450	$	21,271,671	$	2,520,779	12	%

Depletion per Boe	$	13.53	$	12.74	$	0.79	6	%
Depreciation, depletion and amortization per Boe	$	13.74	$	12.92	$	0.82	6	%

Asset retirement obligation ("ARO") accretion	$	350,834	$	365,847	$	(15,013)	(4)	%

Operating lease expense	$	175,091	$	113,138	$	61,953	55	%

General and administrative expense ("G&A"):
General and administrative expense (excluding Share-based compensation)	$	5,745,390	$	5,186,443	$	558,947	11	%
Share-based compensation	1,723,832		1,943,696		(219,864)		(11)	%
Total general and administrative expense	$	7,469,222	$	7,130,139	$	339,083	5	%

G&A per Boe	$	4.31	$	4.33	$	(0.02)	—	%
G&A excluding Share-based compensation, per Boe	$	3.32	$	3.15	$	0.17	5	%

Depreciation, depletion and amortization. Our depreciation, depletion and amortization increased from $21.3 million to $23.8 million due to a higher depletion rate as well as an increase of 85,751 in Boe produced. Our average depreciation, depletion and amortization per Boe increased from $12.92 per Boe to $13.74 per Boe, due to the increase in the total costs of property and the decrease in the Boe amortization base.

Asset retirement obligation accretion. Our ARO accretion decreased from $365,847 to $350,834 primarily as a result of wells plugged and abandoned and sold, offset by the additional ARO accretion associated with the properties added from the Founders Acquisition.

Operating lease expense. Our operating lease expense increased from $113,138 to $175,091 due to additional office space leased in The Woodlands office expansion.

General and administrative expense. General and administrative ("G&A") expense increased from $7.1 million to $7.5 million, with the $0.3 million cost increase due to an increase of $0.4 million in salaries and wages, $0.2 million in bad debt expense, $0.1 million in software costs, $0.1 million in legal fees, and $0.1 million in health insurance costs. This was offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in share-based compensation costs and, $0.2 million in insurance costs.

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Other Income (Expense) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023		Change		% Change

Interest income	$	78,544	$	—	$	78,544	100	%

Interest expense:
Interest on revolving line of credit	$	9,766,051	$	8,709,874	$	1,056,177	12	%
Fees associated with revolving line of credit	239,628		238,174		1,454		1	%
Amortization of deferred financing costs	1,221,607		1,220,384		1,223		—	%
Interest on financing lease liabilities	31,317		25,431		5,886		23	%
Interest paid for notes payable	6,380		3,692		2,688		73	%
Deferred cash payment accretion	—		192,724		(192,724)		(100)	%
Other interest	233,961		—		233,961		100	%
Total interest expense	$	11,498,944	$	10,390,279	$	1,108,665	11	%

Gain (loss) on derivative contracts:
Realized gain (loss):
Crude oil	$	(2,738,970)	$	(663,762)	$	(2,075,208)	313	%
Natural gas	1,277,455		5,237		1,272,218		NM (1)
Total realized gain (loss)	$	(1,461,515)	$	(658,525)	$	(802,990)	122	%
Unrealized gain (loss):
Crude oil	$	(16,994,322)	$	8,107,021	$	(25,101,343)	(310)	%
Natural gas	(558,658)		2,026,409		(2,585,067)		(128)	%
Total unrealized gain (loss)	$	(17,552,980)	$	10,133,430	$	(27,686,410)	(273)	%
Total gain (loss) on derivative contracts:	$	(19,014,495)	$	9,474,905	$	(28,489,400)	(301)	%

Gain on disposal of assets	$	38,355	$	—	$	38,355	100	%
Other income	$	25,686	$	9,600	$	16,086	168	%

(1) Not meaningful.

Interest income. Interest income of $78,544 was accrued from excess cash balances in bank sweep accounts beginning in May 2023.

Interest expense. Interest expense increased from $10.4 million to $11.5 million primarily due to the result of higher amounts outstanding on our Credit Facility, with a weighted average daily debt of approximately $428.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to approximately $424.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Additionally, the increase in interest expense was due to higher interest rates, with a weighted average annual interest rate of 9.3% during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to 8.2% during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Gain (loss) on derivative contracts. We recorded a loss on derivative contracts of $19.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and a gain on derivative contracts of $9.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. For the derivative contract settlements, we recorded a realized loss of $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and a realized loss of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase of $0.8 million in the realized loss was a result of less favorable settlements of derivative contracts during the current year. For the marked-to-market contracts, we recorded an unrealized loss of $17.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and an unrealized gain of $10.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This change in unrealized derivatives primarily was due to losses on higher crude oil futures prices on derivative contracts in the Company's portfolio.

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Gain (loss) on disposal of assets. We recognized a gain of $38,355 on disposal from selling multiple Company owned vehicles.

Other income. This income primarily resulted from the Company's charge card rebate program.

Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023		Change		% Change

Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes:
Deferred federal income tax benefit (provision)	$	(1,551,759)	$	(1,529,249)	$	(22,510)	1	%
Current state income tax benefit (provision)	(102,633)		(57,291)		(45,342)		79	%
Deferred state income tax benefit (provision)	(74,494)		(443,403)		368,909		(83)	%
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes	$	(1,728,886)	$	(2,029,943)	$	301,057	(15)	%

Benefit from (Provision for) income taxes. The benefit from (provision for) income taxes changed from a provision of $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 to a provision of $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Current income taxes reflect estimated state and federal income taxes due for 2024 which is based on our estimated earnings, taking into account all applicable tax rates and laws.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2024, we had cash on hand of $1.4 million, compared to $0.3 million as of December 31, 2023. We had net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 of $45.2 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $43.7 million for the same period in 2023, which was primarily due to higher year to date revenues, which resulted in more cash received from purchasers. We had net cash used in investing activities of $39.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $55.5 million for the same period in 2023, driven by the deferred cash payment made for the Stronghold Acquisition in the first quarter of 2023, with no comparable payment made to date in 2024. Net cash used in financing activities was $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 during which time $3 million was the net pay down of principal on our Credit Facility.

We will continue to focus on maximizing cash flow in 2024 through a combination of cost monitoring and prudent capital allocation, which includes prioritizing our capital to projects we believe will provide high rates of return in the current commodity price environment. We will continue our pursuit of acquisitions and business combinations, seeking opportunities that we believe will provide high margin properties with attractive returns at current commodity prices.

During the remainder of 2024, we will remain focused on maximizing cash flow, reducing our debt level, and maximizing our liquidity.

Availability of Capital Resources under Credit Facility

As of March 31, 2024, $422 million was outstanding on our Credit Facility and we were in compliance with all of the covenants under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility matures in August 2026. The borrowing base under our Credit Facility is $600 million. The borrowing base is redetermined semi-annually on each May and November. See "NOTE 8 — REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT" in the Notes to the condensed financial statements for more information on our Credit Facility.

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Derivative Financial Instruments

The following table reflects the contracts outstanding as of March 31, 2024 (quantities are in barrels (Bbl) for the oil derivative contracts and in million British thermal units (MMBtu) for the natural gas derivative contracts):


	Oil Hedges (WTI)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

Swaps:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	156,975		282,900		368,000		—		—		184,000		—		387,000
Weighted average swap price	$	66.40	$	65.49	$	68.43	$	—	$	—	$	73.35	$	—	$	70.11

Deferred premium puts:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	45,500		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Weighted average strike price	$	82.80	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Weighted average deferred premium price	$	17.49	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Two-way collars:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	334,947		230,000		128,800		474,750		464,100		225,400		404,800		—
Weighted average put price	$	64.32	$	64.00	$	60.00	$	57.06	$	60.00	$	65.00	$	60.00	$	—
Weighted average call price	$	79.16	$	76.50	$	73.24	$	75.82	$	69.85	$	78.91	$	75.68	$	—


	Gas Hedges (Henry Hub)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

NYMEX Swaps:
Hedged volume (MMBtu)	86,059		121,587		644,946		616,199		591,725		285,200		—		—
Weighted average swap price	$	3.62	$	3.59	$	4.45	$	3.78	$	3.43	$	3.73	$	—	$	—

Two-way collars:
Hedged volume (MMBtu)	405,650		584,200		27,600		27,000		27,300		308,200		598,000		553,500
Weighted average put price	$	3.94	$	3.94	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.50

Weighted average call price	$	6.16	$	6.17	$	4.15	$	4.15	$	4.15	$	4.75	$	4.15	$	5.03


	Oil Hedges (basis differential)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

Argus basis swaps:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	244,000		368,000		368,000		270,000		273,000		276,000		276,000		—
Weighted average spread price (1)	$	1.15	$	1.15	$	1.15	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	—

(1) The oil basis swap hedges are calculated as the fixed price (weighted average spread price above) less the difference between WTI Midland and WTI Cushing, in the issue of Argus Americas Crude.

Derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value and included as either assets or liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Balance Sheets. Any gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value of outstanding derivative financial instruments and from the settlement of derivative financial instruments are recognized in earnings and included as a component of Other Income (Expense) in the accompanying Condensed Statements of Operations.

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Effects of Inflation and Pricing

The oil and natural gas industry is cyclical and the demand for goods and services of oil field companies, suppliers and others associated with the industry puts significant pressure on the economic stability and pricing structure within the industry. Typically, as prices for oil and natural gas increase, so do associated costs. Material changes in prices impact our current revenue stream, estimates of future reserves, borrowing base calculations of bank loans and the value of properties in purchase and sale transactions. Material changes in prices can impact the value of oil and natural gas companies and their ability to raise capital, borrow money, and retain personnel. We anticipate business costs will vary in accordance with commodity prices for oil and natural gas, and the associated increase or decrease in demand for services related to production and exploration.

Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements

As of March 31, 2024, we had no off-balance sheet financing arrangements.

Capital Resources for Future Acquisition and Development Opportunities

We continuously evaluate potential acquisitions and development opportunities. To the extent possible, we intend to acquire producing properties with lower-risk undeveloped drilling opportunities rather than properties with higher-risk exploratory opportunities. We do not intend to limit our evaluation to any one state, but we presently have no intention to acquire offshore properties or properties located outside of the United States.

The pursuit of and the acquisition of accretive oil and gas properties is highly competitive and may require substantially greater capital than we currently have available and obtaining additional capital may require that we obtain either short-term or long-term debt or sell our equity or both. Further, it may be necessary for us to retain outside consultants and others in our endeavors to locate desirable oil and gas properties.

The process of acquiring one or more additional oil and gas properties would impact our financial position, reduce our cash position and possibly increase our debt. The types of costs that we may incur include the costs to retain consultants and investment bankers specializing in the purchase of oil and gas properties, obtaining petroleum engineering reports relative to the oil and gas properties that we are investigating, legal fees associated with any such acquisitions including title reports, SEC reporting expenses, and negotiating definitive agreements. Additionally, accounting fees may be incurred relative to obtaining and evaluating historical and proforma information regarding such oil and gas properties. Even though we may incur such costs, there is no assurance that we will ultimately be able to consummate other acquisitions of oil and gas producing properties.

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Item 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Commodity Price Risk

Our major market risk exposure is in the pricing applicable to our oil and natural gas production. Market risk refers to the risk of loss from adverse changes in oil and natural gas prices. Realized pricing is primarily driven by the prevailing domestic price for crude oil and spot prices applicable to the region in which we produce oil and natural gas. Historically, prices received for oil and natural gas production have been volatile and unpredictable. We expect pricing volatility to continue.

The prices we receive depend on many factors outside of our control. A significant decline in the prices of oil or natural gas would likely have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. In order to reduce commodity price uncertainty and increase cash flow predictability relating to the marketing of our crude oil and natural gas, we enter into crude oil and natural gas price hedging arrangements with respect to a portion of our expected production.

Customer Credit Risk

Our principal exposure to credit risk is through receivables from the sale of our oil and natural gas production (approximately $34.4 million as of March 31, 2024). We are subject to credit risk due to the concentration of our oil and natural gas receivables with our most significant customers, or purchasers. We do not require our purchasers to post collateral, and the inability of our significant purchasers to meet their obligations to us or their insolvency or liquidation may adversely affect our financial results. Refer to the following table for detail on the top three purchasers of our oil, natural gas, and NGL revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024. We believe that the loss of any of these purchasers would not materially impact our business because we could readily find other purchasers for our oil and natural gas.

For the Three Months Ended

As of

March 31, 2024

Percentage of Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Revenues

Percentage of accounts receivables from the sale of our oil and natural gas production

Purchaser:

Phillips 66 Company ("Phillips")

61%

59%

Concord Energy LLC ("Concord")

13%

12%

LPC Crude III, LLC ("LPC Crude")

12%

11%

Interest Rate Risk

We are subject to market risk exposure related to changes in interest rates on our indebtedness under our Credit Facility, which bears variable interest based upon a prime rate and is therefore susceptible to interest rate fluctuations. Changes in interest rates affect the interest earned on the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and the interest rate paid on borrowings under the Credit Facility.

As of March 31, 2024, we had $422 million outstanding on our Credit Facility with a weighted average annual interest rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 of 9.3%. A 1% change in the interest rate on our Credit Facility would result in an estimated $4.2 million change in our annual interest expense. See "NOTE 8 — REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT" in the Notes to the condensed financial statements for more information on the Company’s interest rates of our Credit Facility.

Currently, we do not use interest rate derivative instruments to manage exposure to interest rate changes.

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Currency Exchange Rate Risk

Foreign sales accounted for none of the Company's sales; the Company accepts payment for its commodity sales only in U.S. dollars. Ring is therefore not exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk on these sales.

Please also see Item 1A “Risk Factors” for a discussion of other risks and uncertainties we face in our business.

Item 4: Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.

Our management, with the participation of Paul D. McKinney, our principal executive officer, and Travis T. Thomas, our principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and that management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

Based on management’s evaluation, Messrs. McKinney and Thomas concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

We will continue to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal controls over financial reporting on an ongoing basis and are committed to taking further action and implementing additional enhancements or improvements, as necessary and as funds allow.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

We regularly review our system of internal control over financial reporting and make changes to our processes and systems to improve controls and increase efficiency, while ensuring that we maintain an effective internal control environment. Changes may include such activities as implementing new, more efficient systems, consolidating activities, and migrating processes.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1: Legal Proceedings

There were no material developments during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 in the legal proceeding described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 1A: Risk Factors

We are subject to certain risks and hazards due to the nature of the business activities we conduct. For a discussion of these risks, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 as filed with the SEC. We may experience additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us. Further, as a result of developments occurring in the future, conditions that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect us. Any such risks may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows, and results of operations.

Table of Contents

Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3: Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4: Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5: Other Information

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) adopted, terminated or modified a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as such terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K).

Item 6: Exhibits

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit
Number

Exhibit Description

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

Filed
Here-with

Furnished
Herewith

31.1

Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Chief Executive Officer

31.2

Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Chief Financial Officer

32.1

Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer

32.2

Section 1350 Certification Chief Financial Officer

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


	Ring Energy, Inc.

Date: May 6, 2024	By:	/s/ Paul D. McKinney
		Paul D. McKinney
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: May 6, 2024	By:	/s/ Travis T. Thomas
		Travis T. Thomas
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Paul D. McKinney, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 of Ring Energy, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 6, 2024

/s/ Paul D. McKinney

Paul D. McKinney, CEO

(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Travis T. Thomas, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 of Ring Energy, Inc.;

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 6, 2024

/s/ Travis T. Thomas

Travis T. Thomas, CFO

(Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Ring Energy, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned chief executive officer and principal executive officer of the Company, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 6, 2024

/s/ Paul D. McKinney

Paul D. McKinney

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to, and will be retained by, the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Ring Energy, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned chief financial officer and principal financial officer of the Company, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 6, 2024

/s/ Travis T. Thomas

Travis T. Thomas

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	May 06, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-36057
Entity Registrant Name	Ring Energy, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NV
Entity Tax Identification Number	90-0406406
Entity Address, Address Line One	1725 Hughes Landing Blvd.,
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 900
Entity Address, City or Town	The Woodlands
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	77380
City Area Code	281
Local Phone Number	397-3699
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.001
Trading Symbol	REI
Security Exchange Name	NYSEAMER
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		197,937,450
Entity Central Index Key	0001384195
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,376,075	$ 296,384
Accounts receivable	44,392,621	38,965,002
Joint interest billing receivables, net	1,857,241	2,422,274
Derivative assets	3,704,446	6,215,374
Inventory	5,965,519	6,136,935
Prepaid expenses and other assets	1,371,146	1,874,850
Total Current Assets	58,667,048	55,910,819
Properties and Equipment
Oil and natural gas properties, full cost method	1,700,133,519	1,663,548,249
Financing lease asset subject to depreciation	4,151,171	3,896,316
Fixed assets subject to depreciation	3,353,730	3,228,793
Total Properties and Equipment	1,707,638,420	1,670,673,358
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization	(400,876,225)	(377,252,572)
Net Properties and Equipment	1,306,762,195	1,293,420,786
Operating lease asset	2,353,647	2,499,592
Derivative assets	5,092,176	11,634,714
Deferred financing costs	11,808,874	13,030,481
Total Assets	1,384,683,940	1,376,496,392
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	99,149,633	104,064,124
Income tax liability	102,633	0
Financing lease liability	1,003,909	956,254
Operating lease liability	612,373	568,176
Derivative liabilities	17,517,656	7,520,336
Notes payable	0	533,734
Asset retirement obligations	36,318	165,642
Total Current Liabilities	118,422,522	113,808,266
Non-current Liabilities
Deferred income taxes	10,178,298	8,552,045
Revolving line of credit	422,000,000	425,000,000
Financing lease liability, less current portion	858,374	906,330
Operating lease liability, less current portion	1,896,177	2,054,041
Derivative liabilities	10,012,561	11,510,368
Asset retirement obligations	28,308,884	28,082,442
Total Liabilities	591,676,816	589,913,492
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 12)
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock - $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding	0	0
Common stock - $0.001 par value; 450,000,000 shares authorized; 197,934,202 shares and 196,837,001 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	197,934	196,837
Additional paid-in capital	796,742,425	795,834,675
Accumulated deficit	(3,933,235)	(9,448,612)
Total Stockholders’ Equity	793,007,124	786,582,900
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$ 1,384,683,940	$ 1,376,496,392

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	450,000,000	450,000,000
Common stock, shares, issued (in shares)	197,934,202	196,837,001
Common stock, shares, outstanding (in shares)	197,934,202	196,837,001

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Revenues	$ 94,503,136	$ 88,082,912
Costs and Operating Expenses
Lease operating expenses	18,360,434	17,472,691
Gathering, transportation and processing costs	166,054	(823)
Ad valorem taxes	2,145,631	1,670,613
Oil and natural gas production taxes	4,428,303	4,408,140
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	23,792,450	21,271,671
Asset retirement obligation accretion	350,834	365,847
Operating lease expense	175,091	113,138
General and administrative expense	7,469,222	7,130,139
Total Costs and Operating Expenses	56,888,019	52,431,416
Income from Operations	37,615,117	35,651,496
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income	78,544	0
Interest (expense)	(11,498,944)	(10,390,279)
Gain (loss) on derivative contracts	(19,014,495)	9,474,905
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Intangible Assets	38,355	0
Other income	25,686	9,600
Net Other Income (Expense)	(30,370,854)	(905,774)
Income Before Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes	7,244,263	34,745,722
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes	(1,728,886)	(2,029,943)
Net Income	$ 5,515,377	$ 32,715,779
Basic Earnings per Share (in usd per share)	$ 0.03	$ 0.18
Diluted Earnings per Share (in usd per share)	$ 0.03	$ 0.17

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		175,530,212
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 661,103,391	$ 175,530	$ 775,241,114	$ (114,313,253)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Induced exercise of common warrants issued in offering (in shares)		4,517,427
Induced exercise of common warrants issued in offering	3,613,941	$ 4,517	3,609,424
Restricted stock vested (in shares)		659,479
Restricted stock vested	0	$ 659	(659)
Shares to cover tax withholding for restricted stock vested (in shares)		(79,634)
Shares to cover tax withholdings for restricted stock vested	0	$ (79)	79
Payments to cover tax withholdings for restricted stock vested, net	(134,381)		(134,381)
Share-based compensation	1,943,696		1,943,696
Net income	32,715,779			32,715,779
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		180,627,484
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	699,242,426	$ 180,627	780,659,273	(81,597,474)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		196,837,001
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	786,582,900	$ 196,837	795,834,675	(9,448,612)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Restricted stock vested (in shares)		1,342,112
Restricted stock vested	0	$ 1,342	(1,342)
Shares to cover tax withholding for restricted stock vested (in shares)		(244,911)
Shares to cover tax withholdings for restricted stock vested	0	$ (245)	245
Payments to cover tax withholdings for restricted stock vested, net	(814,985)		(814,985)
Share-based compensation	1,723,832		1,723,832
Net income	5,515,377			5,515,377
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		197,934,202
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 793,007,124	$ 197,934	$ 796,742,425	$ (3,933,235)

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net income	$ 5,515,377	$ 32,715,779
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	23,792,450	21,271,671
Asset retirement obligation accretion	350,834	365,847
Amortization of deferred financing costs	1,221,607	1,220,384
Share-based compensation	1,723,832	1,943,696
Bad debt expense	163,840	2,894
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	1,585,445	1,972,653
Excess tax expense (benefit) related to share-based compensation	40,808	0
(Gain) loss on derivative contracts	19,014,495	(9,474,905)
Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net	(1,461,515)	(658,525)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(5,240,487)	3,428,287
Inventory	171,416	442,598
Prepaid expenses and other assets	503,704	529,934
Accounts payable	(1,601,276)	(9,589,898)
Settlement of asset retirement obligation	(591,361)	(490,319)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	45,189,169	43,680,096
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Payments to purchase oil and natural gas properties	(475,858)	(59,099)
Payments to develop oil and natural gas properties	(38,904,808)	(36,939,307)
Payments to acquire or improve fixed assets subject to depreciation	(124,937)	(14,570)
Proceeds from divestiture of equipment for oil and natural gas properties	0	54,558
Net Cash (Used in) Investing Activities	(39,505,603)	(55,469,588)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Proceeds from revolving line of credit	51,500,000	56,000,000
Payments on revolving line of credit	(54,500,000)	(49,000,000)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from warrant exercises	0	3,613,941
Payments for taxes withheld on vested restricted shares, net	(814,985)	(134,381)
Payments on notes payable	(533,734)	(499,880)
Reduction of financing lease liabilities	(255,156)	(177,014)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities	(4,603,875)	9,802,666
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash	1,079,691	(1,986,826)
Cash at Beginning of Period	296,384	3,712,526
Cash at End of Period	1,376,075	1,725,700
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for interest	9,926,520	9,246,281
Cash paid for income taxes	0	0
Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
Asset retirement obligation incurred during development	168,848	95,062
Financing lease assets obtained in exchange for new financing lease liability	254,855	83,811
Change in capitalized expenditures attributable to drilling projects financed through current liabilities	(3,120,789)	1,981,649
Stronghold Acquisition
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Payments for the Stronghold Acquisition	0	(18,511,170)
Investing Activities - Cash Paid
Payment of deferred cash payment	0	15,000,000
Payment of post-close settlement	0	3,511,170
Payments for the Stronghold Acquisition	$ 0	$ 18,511,170

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 1 — BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company believes that it has the ability to continue to fund its operations and service its debt by using cash flows from operations.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Receivables – Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and receivables.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Bad debt expense		$	163,840	$	2,894

The following table reflects the Company's joint interest billing receivables and allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Joint interest billing receivables	$	2,042,925	$	2,480,843
Allowance for credit losses	(185,684)		(58,569)
Joint interest billing receivables, net	$	1,857,241	$	2,422,274

The increase of $127,115 in the allowance for credit losses during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was due to property sales and owner settlements.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Depletion		$	23,429,612	$	20,980,542
Depletion rate, per barrel-of-oil-equivalent (Boe)		$	13.53	$	12.74

1)the present value of estimated future net revenues discounted at ten percent computed in compliance with SEC guidelines;

2)plus the cost of properties not being amortized;

3)plus the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproven properties included in the costs being amortized;

4)less income tax effects related to differences between the book and tax basis of the properties.

No impairments on oil and natural gas properties as a result of the ceiling test were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


Leasehold improvements						3‑5 years
Office equipment and software						3‑7 years
Equipment						5‑10 years
Automobiles						4 years
Buildings and structures						7 years

The following table provides information on the Company's depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Depreciation		$	101,937	$	105,101


	Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Interest paid for notes payable		$	6,380	$	3,692


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Deferred federal income tax benefit (provision)		$	(1,551,759)	$	(1,529,249)
Current state income tax benefit (provision)		(102,633)		(57,291)
Deferred state income tax benefit (provision)		(74,494)		(443,403)
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes		$	(1,728,886)	$	(2,029,943)


	Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Share-based compensation		$	1,723,832	$	1,943,696

REVENUE RECOGNITION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

REVENUE RECOGNITION

NOTE 2 — REVENUE RECOGNITION

Oil sales

Natural gas and NGL sales

Disaggregation of Revenue. The following table presents revenues disaggregated by product:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Revenues
Oil		$	92,294,585	$	83,586,327
Natural gas		(818,235)		1,064,563
Natural gas liquids		3,026,786		3,432,022
Total oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids revenues		$	94,503,136	$	88,082,912

LEASES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

LEASES

NOTE 3 — LEASES

Future lease payments associated with these operating and financing leases as of March 31, 2024 are as follows:


	2024		2025		2026		2027		2028		Other Future Years
Operating lease payments (1)	$	532,397	$	727,460	$	636,649	$	460,497	$	250,606	$	149,628
Financing lease payments (2)	845,252		808,632		335,634		15,855		—		—


	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating lease liability, current portion	$	612,373	$	568,176
Operating lease liability, non-current portion	1,896,177		2,054,041
Operating lease liability, total	$	2,508,550	$	2,622,217
Total undiscounted future cash flows (sum of future operating lease payments)	2,757,237		2,900,050
Imputed interest	248,687		277,833
Undiscounted future cash flows less imputed interest	$	2,508,550	$	2,622,217

Financing lease liability, current portion	$	1,003,909	$	956,254
Financing lease liability, non-current portion	858,374		906,330
Financing lease liability, total	$	1,862,283	$	1,862,584
Total undiscounted future cash flows (sum of future financing lease payments)	2,005,373		2,006,453
Imputed interest	143,090		143,869
Undiscounted future cash flows less imputed interest	$	1,862,283	$	1,862,584

The following table provides supplemental information regarding lease costs in the Condensed Statements of Operations:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Operating lease costs		$	175,091	$	113,138
Short-term lease costs (1)		981,291		1,213,799
Financing lease costs:
Amortization of financing lease assets (2)		260,901		186,028
Interest on financing lease liabilities (3)		31,317		25,431

(1)Amount included in Lease operating expenses

(2)Amount included in Depreciation, depletion and amortization

(3)Amount included in Interest (expense)

EARNINGS PER SHARE INFORMATION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

EARNINGS PER SHARE INFORMATION

NOTE 4 — EARNINGS PER SHARE INFORMATION


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Net Income		$	5,515,377	$	32,715,779
Basic Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding		197,389,782		177,984,323
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options		—		14,170
Restricted stock units		1,126,604		1,299,741
Performance stock units		752,551		232,055
Common warrants		36,213		10,608,680

Diluted Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding		199,305,150		190,138,969
Basic Earnings per Share		$	0.03	$	0.18
Diluted Earnings per Share		$	0.03	$	0.17


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024	March 31, 2023
Antidilutive securities:
Stock options to purchase common stock		69,566	70,500
Unvested restricted stock units		—	43,480
Unvested performance stock units		1,592,268	1,428,380

ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES

NOTE 5 — ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES

Stronghold Acquisition

Delaware Basin Divestiture

Founders Acquisition

the valuation of Founder’s oil and gas properties. The inputs and assumptions related to the oil and gas properties were categorized as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

The following table represents the final allocation of the total cost of the Founders Acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Founders Acquisition date:


Consideration:
Cash consideration
Escrow deposit released at closing	$	7,500,000
Closing amount paid to Founders	42,502,799
Interest from escrow deposit	1,747
Fair value of deferred payment liability	14,657,383
Post-close adjustments	(4,139,244)
Total cash consideration	$	60,522,685
Direct transaction costs	1,361,843
Total consideration	$	61,884,528

Fair value of assets acquired:
Oil and natural gas properties	$	64,886,472

Amount attributable to assets acquired	$	64,886,472
Fair value of liabilities assumed:
Suspense liability	$	677,116
Asset retirement obligations	2,090,777
Ad valorem tax liability	234,051
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	$	3,001,944
Net assets acquired	$	61,884,528

New Mexico Divestiture

Gaines County Texas Sale

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

NOTE 6 — DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The following presents the impact of the Company’s contracts on its Condensed Balance Sheets for the periods indicated.


	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Commodity derivative instruments, marked to market:

Derivative assets, current	$	4,493,001	$	7,768,697
Discounted deferred premiums	(788,555)		(1,553,323)
Derivatives assets, current, net of premiums	$	3,704,446	$	6,215,374

Derivative assets, noncurrent	$	5,092,176	$	11,634,714
Discounted deferred premiums	—		—
Derivative assets, noncurrent, net of premiums	$	5,092,176	$	11,634,714

Derivative liabilities, current	$	17,517,656	$	7,520,336

Derivative liabilities, noncurrent	$	10,012,561	$	11,510,368

The components of “Gain (loss) on derivative contracts” from the Condensed Statements of Operations are as follows for the respective periods:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Oil derivatives:
Realized loss on oil derivatives		$	(2,738,970)	$	(663,762)
Unrealized gain (loss) on oil derivatives		(16,994,322)		8,107,021
Gain (loss) on oil derivatives		$	(19,733,292)	$	7,443,259

Natural gas derivatives:
Realized gain on natural gas derivatives		$	1,277,455	$	5,237
Unrealized gain (loss) on natural gas derivatives		(558,658)		2,026,409
Gain on natural gas derivatives		$	718,797	$	2,031,646

Gain (loss) on derivative contracts		$	(19,014,495)	$	9,474,905

The components of “Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net” within the Condensed Statements of Cash Flows are as follows for the respective periods:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash paid for oil derivatives		$	(2,738,970)	$	(663,762)
Cash received from natural gas derivatives		1,277,455		5,237
Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net		$	(1,461,515)	$	(658,525)


	Oil Hedges (WTI)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

Swaps:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	156,975		282,900		368,000		—		—		184,000		—		387,000
Weighted average swap price	$	66.40	$	65.49	$	68.43	$	—	$	—	$	73.35	$	—	$	70.11

Deferred premium puts:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	45,500		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Weighted average strike price	$	82.80	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Weighted average deferred premium price	$	17.49	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Two-way collars:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	334,947		230,000		128,800		474,750		464,100		225,400		404,800		—
Weighted average put price	$	64.32	$	64.00	$	60.00	$	57.06	$	60.00	$	65.00	$	60.00	$	—
Weighted average call price	$	79.16	$	76.50	$	73.24	$	75.82	$	69.85	$	78.91	$	75.68	$	—


	Gas Hedges (Henry Hub)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

NYMEX Swaps:
Hedged volume (MMBtu)	86,059		121,587		644,946		616,199		591,725		285,200		—		—
Weighted average swap price	$	3.62	$	3.59	$	4.45	$	3.78	$	3.43	$	3.73	$	—	$	—

Two-way collars:
Hedged volume (MMBtu)	405,650		584,200		27,600		27,000		27,300		308,200		598,000		553,500
Weighted average put price	$	3.94	$	3.94	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.50

Weighted average call price	$	6.16	$	6.17	$	4.15	$	4.15	$	4.15	$	4.75	$	4.15	$	5.03


	Oil Hedges (basis differential)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

Argus basis swaps:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	244,000		368,000		368,000		270,000		273,000		276,000		276,000		—
Weighted average spread price (1)	$	1.15	$	1.15	$	1.15	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	—

(1) The oil basis swap hedges are calculated as the fixed price (weighted average spread price above) less the difference between WTI Midland and WTI Cushing, in the issue of Argus Americas Crude.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

NOTE 7 — FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS


Level 1:			Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. We consider active markets as those in which transactions for the assets or liabilities occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2:			Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. This category includes those derivative instruments that we value using observable market data. Substantially all of these inputs are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the derivative instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace.

Level 3:			Measured based on prices or valuation models that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and less observable from objective sources (i.e. supported by little or no market activity).

The following table summarizes the valuation of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (further detail in "NOTE 6 — DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS").


	Fair Value Measurement Classification
	Quoted prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or (Liabilities) (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
As of December 31, 2023

Commodity Derivatives - Assets	$	—	$	17,850,088	$	—	$	17,850,088
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	$	—	$	(19,030,704)	$	—	$	(19,030,704)

Total	$	—	$	(1,180,616)	$	—	$	(1,180,616)

As of March 31, 2024

Commodity Derivatives - Assets	$	—	$	8,796,622	$	—	$	8,796,622
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	$	—	$	(27,530,217)	$	—	$	(27,530,217)

Total	$	—	$	(18,733,595)	$	—	$	(18,733,595)

REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT	3 Months Ended
REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT	Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT	NOTE 8 — REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT On July 1, 2014, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with SunTrust Bank (now Truist), as lender, issuing bank and administrative agent for several banks and other financial institutions and lenders (the “Administrative Agent”), (which was amended several times) that provided for a maximum borrowing base of $1 billion with security consisting of substantially all of the assets of the Company. In April 2019, the Company amended and restated the Credit Agreement with the Administrative Agent (as amended and restated, the “Amended Credit Facility”). On August 31, 2022, the Company modified its Amended Credit Facility through that certain Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Second Credit Agreement"), extending the maturity date of the facility to August 2026 and the syndicate was modified to add five lenders, replacing five lenders. On February 12, 2024, the Company, Truist Bank as the Administrative Agent and Issuing Bank, and the lenders party thereto (the "Lenders") entered into an amendment (the "Amendment") to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated August 31, 2022. Among other things, the Amendment amends the definition of Free Cash Flow so amounts used by the Company for acquisitions will no longer be subtracted from the calculation of Free Cash Flow. The Second Credit Agreement has a borrowing base of $600 million, which is subject to periodic redeterminations, mandatory reductions and further adjustments from time to time. The borrowing base is redetermined semi-annually each May and November. The borrowing base is subject to reduction in certain circumstances such as the sale or disposition of certain oil and gas properties of the Company and cancellation of certain hedging positions. Rather than Eurodollar loans, the reference rate on the Second Credit Agreement is SOFR. Also, the Second Credit Agreement permits the Company to declare dividends for its equity owners, subject to certain limitations, including (i) no default or event of default has occurred or will occur upon such payments, (ii) the pro forma Leverage Ratio (outstanding debt to adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, exploration expenses, and all other non-cash charges acceptable to the Administrative Agent) does not exceed 2.00 to 1.00, (iii) the amount of such payments does not exceed Available Free Cash Flow (as defined in the Second Credit Agreement), and (iv) the Borrowing Base Utilization Percentage (as defined in the Second Credit Agreement) is not greater than 80%. The interest rate on each SOFR Loan will be the adjusted term SOFR for the applicable interest period plus a margin between 3.0% and 4.0% (depending on the then-current level of borrowing base usage). The annual interest rate on each base rate loan is (a) the greatest of (i) the Administrative Agent’s prime lending rate, (ii) the Federal Funds Rate (as defined in the Second Credit Agreement) plus 0.5% per annum, (iii) the adjusted term SOFR determined on a daily basis for an interest period of one month, plus 1.00% per annum and (iv) 0.00% per annum, plus (b) a margin between 2.0% and 3.0% per annum (depending on the then-current level of borrowing base usage). The Second Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, which, among other things, require the maintenance of (i) a total Leverage Ratio of not more than 3.0 to 1.0 and (ii) a minimum ratio of Current Assets to Current Liabilities (as such terms are defined in the Second Credit Agreement) of 1.0 to 1.0. The Second Credit Agreement also contains other customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The Company is required to maintain on a rolling 24 months basis, hedging transactions in respect of crude oil and natural gas, on not less than 50% of the projected production from its proved, developed, and producing oil and gas. However, if the borrowing base utilization is less than 25% at the hedge testing date and the Leverage Ratio is not greater than 1.25 to 1.00, the required hedging percentage for months 13 through 24 of the rolling 24 month period provided for will be 0% from such hedge testing date to the next succeeding hedge testing date and if the borrowing base utilization percentage is equal to or greater than 25%, but less than 50% and the Leverage Ratio is not greater than 1.25 to 1.00, the required hedging percentage for months 13 through 24 of the rolling 24 month period provided for will be 25% from such hedge testing date to the next succeeding hedge testing date. As of March 31, 2024, $422 million was outstanding on the Credit Facility and the Company was in compliance with all covenants contained in the Second Credit Agreement. Under the Second Credit Agreement, the applicable percentage for the unused commitment fee is 0.5% per annum for all levels of borrowing base utilization. As of March 31, 2024, the Company's unused line of credit was $178.0 million, which was calculated by subtracting the outstanding Credit Facility balance of $422 million and standby letters of credit of $35,000 ($10,000 with state and federal agencies and $25,000 with an insurance company for New Mexico state surety bonds) from the

ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Asset Retirement Obligation Disclosure [Abstract]

ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION

NOTE 9 — ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION


Balance, December 31, 2023	$	28,248,084
Liabilities acquired	—
Liabilities incurred	168,848
Liabilities sold	—
Liabilities settled	(422,564)
Revision of estimate	—
Accretion expense	350,834
Balance, March 31, 2024	$	28,345,202

The following table presents the Company's current and non-current asset retirement obligation balances as of the periods specified.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Asset retirement obligations, current	$	36,318	$	165,642
Asset retirement obligations, non-current	28,308,884		28,082,442
Asset retirement obligations	$	28,345,202	$	28,248,084

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

NOTE 10 — STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY


	Common Warrants	Exercise Price		Proceeds Received
Exercisable, December 31, 2022	19,107,793	$	0.80
Exercised	(4,517,427)	0.80		$	3,613,941
Exercisable, March 31, 2023	14,590,366	$	0.80
Exercised (1)	(14,512,166)	0.62		$	8,997,543
Exercisable, June 30, 2023	78,200	$	0.80
Exercised	—	—		$	—
Exercisable, September 30, 2023	78,200	$	0.80

Exercisable, December 31, 2023	78,200	$	0.80
Exercised	—	0.80		$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2024	78,200	$	0.80

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS, RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD PLAN AND 401(k)

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

NOTE 11 — EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS


	Three Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2024		Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based compensation		$	1,723,832	$	1,943,696

Stock Options

A summary of the status of the stock options as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 and changes during the respective three month periods then ended are as follows:


	Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	265,500	$	4.21
Granted	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Exercised	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	265,500	$	4.21	1.39 years	$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2023	265,500	$	4.21	1.39 years











Outstanding, December 31, 2023	70,500	$	10.33
Granted	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Expired	(5,000)	5.50
Exercised	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	65,500	$	10.70	2.31 years	$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2024	65,500	$	10.70	2.31 years

Restricted Stock Units

A summary of the restricted stock unit activity as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and changes during the respective three month periods then ended are as follows:


	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	2,623,790	$	2.29
Granted	2,270,842	2.22
Forfeited or rescinded	(11,712)	2.22
Vested	(659,479)	2.80
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	4,223,441	$	2.17









Outstanding, December 31, 2023	3,148,226	$	2.40
Granted	2,647,970	1.30
Forfeited or rescinded	(26,802)	1.30
Vested	(1,342,112)	2.35
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	4,427,282	$	1.77

Performance Stock Units


	Performance Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	1,720,432	$	3.76
Granted	1,162,162	2.71
Forfeited or rescinded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	2,882,594	$	3.34









Outstanding, December 31, 2023	2,022,378	$	3.11
Granted	—	—
Forfeited or rescinded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	2,022,378	$	3.11

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had $3,422,999 of unrecognized compensation cost related to the PSU awards that will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.34 years.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	3 Months Ended
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	Mar. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	NOTE 12 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Standby Letters of Credit – A commercial bank issued standby letters of credit on behalf of the Company totaling $260,000 to the State of Texas and federal agencies and $500,438 to an insurance company to secure the surety bonds described below. On February 23, 2024, the bank reduced the $500,438 standby letter of credit to $25,000 after approval of the insurance company and also reduced the $260,000 standby letters of credit to the State of Texas and federal agencies to $10,000. The standby letters of credit are valid until cancelled or matured and are collateralized by the Credit Facility with the bank. The terms of the letters of credit to the state and federal agencies are extended for a term of one year at a time. The Company intends to renew the standby letters of credit to the state and federal agencies for as long as the Company does business in the State of Texas. The letter of credit to the insurance company will be renewed if the insurance company requires them to retain the surety bonds; however, as the Company no longer operates any wells in the State of New Mexico, that standby letter of credit will not need to be renewed. No amounts have been drawn under the standby letters of credit. Surety Bonds – An insurance company issued surety bonds on behalf of the Company totaling $500,438 to various State of New Mexico agencies in order for the Company to do business in the State of New Mexico. The surety bonds are valid until canceled or matured. The terms of the surety bonds are extended for a term of one year at a time. The Company does not intend to renew the surety bonds in the State of New Mexico, as these operated assets have now been sold to a third party. As of March 31, 2024, the Company still had surety bonds in total of $25,000 for the State of New Mexico; however, these bonds are expected to be eliminated once change of ownership is approved by the New Mexico Oil Conservation Division. On January 10, 2024, two insurance companies issued surety bonds on behalf of the Company, one for $250,000, an RRC required blanket performance bond to operate 100 wells or more in the State of Texas, and one for $2,000,000, an RRC required blanket plugging extension bond, each with zero collateral requirements. The term for these two surety bonds ends on July 1, 2025 and they can be renewed at that time. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had $2,275,000 in total surety bonds.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS	3 Months Ended
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS	Mar. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS	NOTE 13 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS In accordance with ASC Topic 855, Subsequent Events, the Company has evaluated all events subsequent to the balance sheet date of March 31, 2024, through the date these condensed financial statements were issued, May 6, 2024. The Company did not have any material subsequent events to report.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 5,515,377	$ 32,715,779

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization and Nature of Operations

Liquidity and Capital Considerations

The Company believes that it has the ability to continue to fund its operations and service its debt by using cash flows from operations.

Use of Estimates

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Non-financial Assets and Liabilities

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Concentration of Credit Risk and Receivables

Concentration of Credit Risk and Receivables – Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and receivables.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Bad debt expense		$	163,840	$	2,894

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Inventory

Oil and Natural Gas Properties


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Depletion		$	23,429,612	$	20,980,542
Depletion rate, per barrel-of-oil-equivalent (Boe)		$	13.53	$	12.74

1)the present value of estimated future net revenues discounted at ten percent computed in compliance with SEC guidelines;

2)plus the cost of properties not being amortized;

3)plus the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproven properties included in the costs being amortized;

4)less income tax effects related to differences between the book and tax basis of the properties.

Land, Buildings, Equipment, Software, Leasehold Improvements, Automobiles, Buildings and Structures


Leasehold improvements						3‑5 years
Office equipment and software						3‑7 years
Equipment						5‑10 years
Automobiles						4 years
Buildings and structures						7 years

Revenue Recognition

Income Taxes


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Deferred federal income tax benefit (provision)		$	(1,551,759)	$	(1,529,249)
Current state income tax benefit (provision)		(102,633)		(57,291)
Deferred state income tax benefit (provision)		(74,494)		(443,403)
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes		$	(1,728,886)	$	(2,029,943)

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

Leases

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Share-Based Employee Compensation

Share-Based Compensation to Non-Employees

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements/Recent Accounting Pronouncements

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss

The following table indicates the Company's provisions for bad debt expense associated with its joint interest billing receivables during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Bad debt expense		$	163,840	$	2,894

Schedule of Joint Interest Billing Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table reflects the Company's joint interest billing receivables and allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Joint interest billing receivables	$	2,042,925	$	2,480,843
Allowance for credit losses	(185,684)		(58,569)
Joint interest billing receivables, net	$	1,857,241	$	2,422,274

Schedule of Depletion and Depletion Rate per Barrel of Oil Equivalents

The following table shows total depletion and the depletion per barrel-of-oil-equivalent rate, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Depletion		$	23,429,612	$	20,980,542
Depletion rate, per barrel-of-oil-equivalent (Boe)		$	13.53	$	12.74

Schedule of Property Plant and Equipment Estimated Useful Lives


Leasehold improvements						3‑5 years
Office equipment and software						3‑7 years
Equipment						5‑10 years
Automobiles						4 years
Buildings and structures						7 years

Schedule of Useful Lives

The following table provides information on the Company's depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Depreciation		$	101,937	$	105,101

Schedule of Interest Paid Related to Notes Payable

The following table shows interest paid related to notes payable for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. This interest is included within "Interest (expense)" in the Condensed Statements of Operations.


	Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Interest paid for notes payable		$	6,380	$	3,692

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense

Accordingly, the Company recorded the following federal and state income tax benefits (provisions) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Deferred federal income tax benefit (provision)		$	(1,551,759)	$	(1,529,249)
Current state income tax benefit (provision)		(102,633)		(57,291)
Deferred state income tax benefit (provision)		(74,494)		(443,403)
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes		$	(1,728,886)	$	(2,029,943)

Schedule of Noncash Share-Based Payment Arrangements

The following table summarizes the Company's share-based compensation, included with General and administrative expense within our Condensed Statements of Operations, incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.


	Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Share-based compensation		$	1,723,832	$	1,943,696


	Three Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2024		Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based compensation		$	1,723,832	$	1,943,696

REVENUE RECOGNITION (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenue. The following table presents revenues disaggregated by product:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Revenues
Oil		$	92,294,585	$	83,586,327
Natural gas		(818,235)		1,064,563
Natural gas liquids		3,026,786		3,432,022
Total oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids revenues		$	94,503,136	$	88,082,912

LEASES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Lease Payments of Operating Lease and Finance Lease

Future lease payments associated with these operating and financing leases as of March 31, 2024 are as follows:


	2024		2025		2026		2027		2028		Other Future Years
Operating lease payments (1)	$	532,397	$	727,460	$	636,649	$	460,497	$	250,606	$	149,628
Financing lease payments (2)	845,252		808,632		335,634		15,855		—		—

Schedule Of Reconciliation Between The Undiscounted Future Cash Flows And The Operating And Financing Lease Liabilities


	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating lease liability, current portion	$	612,373	$	568,176
Operating lease liability, non-current portion	1,896,177		2,054,041
Operating lease liability, total	$	2,508,550	$	2,622,217
Total undiscounted future cash flows (sum of future operating lease payments)	2,757,237		2,900,050
Imputed interest	248,687		277,833
Undiscounted future cash flows less imputed interest	$	2,508,550	$	2,622,217

Financing lease liability, current portion	$	1,003,909	$	956,254
Financing lease liability, non-current portion	858,374		906,330
Financing lease liability, total	$	1,862,283	$	1,862,584
Total undiscounted future cash flows (sum of future financing lease payments)	2,005,373		2,006,453
Imputed interest	143,090		143,869
Undiscounted future cash flows less imputed interest	$	1,862,283	$	1,862,584

Schedule of Lease Cost

The following table provides supplemental information regarding lease costs in the Condensed Statements of Operations:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Operating lease costs		$	175,091	$	113,138
Short-term lease costs (1)		981,291		1,213,799
Financing lease costs:
Amortization of financing lease assets (2)		260,901		186,028
Interest on financing lease liabilities (3)		31,317		25,431

(1)Amount included in Lease operating expenses

(2)Amount included in Depreciation, depletion and amortization

(3)Amount included in Interest (expense)

EARNINGS PER SHARE INFORMATION (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Earnings per Share, Basic and Diluted


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Net Income		$	5,515,377	$	32,715,779
Basic Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding		197,389,782		177,984,323
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options		—		14,170
Restricted stock units		1,126,604		1,299,741
Performance stock units		752,551		232,055
Common warrants		36,213		10,608,680

Diluted Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding		199,305,150		190,138,969
Basic Earnings per Share		$	0.03	$	0.18
Diluted Earnings per Share		$	0.03	$	0.17

Schedule of Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024	March 31, 2023
Antidilutive securities:
Stock options to purchase common stock		69,566	70,500
Unvested restricted stock units		—	43,480
Unvested performance stock units		1,592,268	1,428,380

ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Asset Acquisition

The following table represents the final allocation of the total cost of the Founders Acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Founders Acquisition date:


Consideration:
Cash consideration
Escrow deposit released at closing	$	7,500,000
Closing amount paid to Founders	42,502,799
Interest from escrow deposit	1,747
Fair value of deferred payment liability	14,657,383
Post-close adjustments	(4,139,244)
Total cash consideration	$	60,522,685
Direct transaction costs	1,361,843
Total consideration	$	61,884,528

Fair value of assets acquired:
Oil and natural gas properties	$	64,886,472

Amount attributable to assets acquired	$	64,886,472
Fair value of liabilities assumed:
Suspense liability	$	677,116
Asset retirement obligations	2,090,777
Ad valorem tax liability	234,051
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	$	3,001,944
Net assets acquired	$	61,884,528

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Contracts on the Balance Sheet

The following presents the impact of the Company’s contracts on its Condensed Balance Sheets for the periods indicated.


	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Commodity derivative instruments, marked to market:

Derivative assets, current	$	4,493,001	$	7,768,697
Discounted deferred premiums	(788,555)		(1,553,323)
Derivatives assets, current, net of premiums	$	3,704,446	$	6,215,374

Derivative assets, noncurrent	$	5,092,176	$	11,634,714
Discounted deferred premiums	—		—
Derivative assets, noncurrent, net of premiums	$	5,092,176	$	11,634,714

Derivative liabilities, current	$	17,517,656	$	7,520,336

Derivative liabilities, noncurrent	$	10,012,561	$	11,510,368

Schedule of Components of Gain (Loss) on Derivative Contracts

The components of “Gain (loss) on derivative contracts” from the Condensed Statements of Operations are as follows for the respective periods:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Oil derivatives:
Realized loss on oil derivatives		$	(2,738,970)	$	(663,762)
Unrealized gain (loss) on oil derivatives		(16,994,322)		8,107,021
Gain (loss) on oil derivatives		$	(19,733,292)	$	7,443,259

Natural gas derivatives:
Realized gain on natural gas derivatives		$	1,277,455	$	5,237
Unrealized gain (loss) on natural gas derivatives		(558,658)		2,026,409
Gain on natural gas derivatives		$	718,797	$	2,031,646

Gain (loss) on derivative contracts		$	(19,014,495)	$	9,474,905

Schedule of Components of Cash (Paid) Received for Commodity Derivative Settlements

The components of “Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net” within the Condensed Statements of Cash Flows are as follows for the respective periods:


	For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash paid for oil derivatives		$	(2,738,970)	$	(663,762)
Cash received from natural gas derivatives		1,277,455		5,237
Cash received (paid) for derivative settlements, net		$	(1,461,515)	$	(658,525)

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments


	Oil Hedges (WTI)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

Swaps:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	156,975		282,900		368,000		—		—		184,000		—		387,000
Weighted average swap price	$	66.40	$	65.49	$	68.43	$	—	$	—	$	73.35	$	—	$	70.11

Deferred premium puts:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	45,500		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Weighted average strike price	$	82.80	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Weighted average deferred premium price	$	17.49	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Two-way collars:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	334,947		230,000		128,800		474,750		464,100		225,400		404,800		—
Weighted average put price	$	64.32	$	64.00	$	60.00	$	57.06	$	60.00	$	65.00	$	60.00	$	—
Weighted average call price	$	79.16	$	76.50	$	73.24	$	75.82	$	69.85	$	78.91	$	75.68	$	—


	Gas Hedges (Henry Hub)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

NYMEX Swaps:
Hedged volume (MMBtu)	86,059		121,587		644,946		616,199		591,725		285,200		—		—
Weighted average swap price	$	3.62	$	3.59	$	4.45	$	3.78	$	3.43	$	3.73	$	—	$	—

Two-way collars:
Hedged volume (MMBtu)	405,650		584,200		27,600		27,000		27,300		308,200		598,000		553,500
Weighted average put price	$	3.94	$	3.94	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.00	$	3.50

Weighted average call price	$	6.16	$	6.17	$	4.15	$	4.15	$	4.15	$	4.75	$	4.15	$	5.03


	Oil Hedges (basis differential)
	Q2 2024		Q3 2024		Q4 2024		Q1 2025		Q2 2025		Q3 2025		Q4 2025		Q1 2026

Argus basis swaps:
Hedged volume (Bbl)	244,000		368,000		368,000		270,000		273,000		276,000		276,000		—
Weighted average spread price (1)	$	1.15	$	1.15	$	1.15	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	—

(1) The oil basis swap hedges are calculated as the fixed price (weighted average spread price above) less the difference between WTI Midland and WTI Cushing, in the issue of Argus Americas Crude.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

The following table summarizes the valuation of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (further detail in "NOTE 6 — DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS").


	Fair Value Measurement Classification
	Quoted prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or (Liabilities) (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
As of December 31, 2023

Commodity Derivatives - Assets	$	—	$	17,850,088	$	—	$	17,850,088
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	$	—	$	(19,030,704)	$	—	$	(19,030,704)

Total	$	—	$	(1,180,616)	$	—	$	(1,180,616)

As of March 31, 2024

Commodity Derivatives - Assets	$	—	$	8,796,622	$	—	$	8,796,622
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	$	—	$	(27,530,217)	$	—	$	(27,530,217)

Total	$	—	$	(18,733,595)	$	—	$	(18,733,595)

ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Asset Retirement Obligation Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of changes in asset retirement obligations

asset retirement obligation during the three months ended March 31, 2024 is as follows:


Balance, December 31, 2023	$	28,248,084
Liabilities acquired	—
Liabilities incurred	168,848
Liabilities sold	—
Liabilities settled	(422,564)
Revision of estimate	—
Accretion expense	350,834
Balance, March 31, 2024	$	28,345,202

Schedule of current and non-current asset retirement obligations

The following table presents the Company's current and non-current asset retirement obligation balances as of the periods specified.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Asset retirement obligations, current	$	36,318	$	165,642
Asset retirement obligations, non-current	28,308,884		28,082,442
Asset retirement obligations	$	28,345,202	$	28,248,084

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of Common Warrants Exercised

The following table reflects the common warrants exercised, including the proceeds received for such exercises. As of March 31, 2024, there remained 78,200 exercisable common warrants.


	Common Warrants	Exercise Price		Proceeds Received
Exercisable, December 31, 2022	19,107,793	$	0.80
Exercised	(4,517,427)	0.80		$	3,613,941
Exercisable, March 31, 2023	14,590,366	$	0.80
Exercised (1)	(14,512,166)	0.62		$	8,997,543
Exercisable, June 30, 2023	78,200	$	0.80
Exercised	—	—		$	—
Exercisable, September 30, 2023	78,200	$	0.80

Exercisable, December 31, 2023	78,200	$	0.80
Exercised	—	0.80		$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2024	78,200	$	0.80

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS, RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD PLAN AND 401(k)

Schedule of Noncash Share-Based Payment Arrangements


	Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Share-based compensation		$	1,723,832	$	1,943,696


	Three Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2024		Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based compensation		$	1,723,832	$	1,943,696

Schedule of Stock Options Activity

A summary of the status of the stock options as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 and changes during the respective three month periods then ended are as follows:


	Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	265,500	$	4.21
Granted	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Exercised	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	265,500	$	4.21	1.39 years	$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2023	265,500	$	4.21	1.39 years











Outstanding, December 31, 2023	70,500	$	10.33
Granted	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Expired	(5,000)	5.50
Exercised	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	65,500	$	10.70	2.31 years	$	—
Exercisable, March 31, 2024	65,500	$	10.70	2.31 years

Schedule of Restricted Stock Grants

A summary of the restricted stock unit activity as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and changes during the respective three month periods then ended are as follows:


	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	2,623,790	$	2.29
Granted	2,270,842	2.22
Forfeited or rescinded	(11,712)	2.22
Vested	(659,479)	2.80
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	4,223,441	$	2.17









Outstanding, December 31, 2023	3,148,226	$	2.40
Granted	2,647,970	1.30
Forfeited or rescinded	(26,802)	1.30
Vested	(1,342,112)	2.35
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	4,427,282	$	1.77

Performance Stock Units Activity


	Performance Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	1,720,432	$	3.76
Granted	1,162,162	2.71
Forfeited or rescinded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2023	2,882,594	$	3.34









Outstanding, December 31, 2023	2,022,378	$	3.11
Granted	—	—
Forfeited or rescinded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	2,022,378	$	3.11

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Nov. 30, 2023
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Fair value, concentration of risk, cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,126,075		$ 46,384
Notes payable current, for obtaining external insurance	0
Decrease in allowance for credit losses	(127,115)
Share-based compensation	$ 1,723,832	$ 1,943,696
Effective tax rate	(23.90%)
Domestic Tax Authority
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Deferred tax asset, valuation allowance	$ 0
State and Local Jurisdiction
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Deferred tax asset, valuation allowance	0
Promissory Notes Payable
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Face value	$ 1,565,071			$ 72,442
Interest rate	7.08%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark \| Customer Concentration Risk \| Customer One
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	61.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark \| Customer Concentration Risk \| Customer Two
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	13.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark \| Customer Concentration Risk \| Customer Three
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	12.00%
Accounts Receivable \| Customer Concentration Risk \| Customer One
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	59.00%
Accounts Receivable \| Customer Concentration Risk \| Customer Two
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	12.00%
Accounts Receivable \| Customer Concentration Risk \| Customer Three
Organization And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	11.00%

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Provisions for Bad Debt Expense (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Bad debt expense	$ 163,840	$ 2,894

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Joint Interest Billing Receivable and Allowance for Credit Loss (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Joint interest billing receivables	$ 2,042,925	$ 2,480,843
Allowance for credit losses	(185,684)	(58,569)
Joint interest billing receivables, net	$ 1,857,241	$ 2,422,274

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Schedule of Depletion (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Depletion	$ 23,429,612	$ 20,980,542
Depletion rate, per barrel-of-oil-equivalent (Boe)	$ 13.53	$ 12.74

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Estimated Useful Lives (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024
Leasehold improvements \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	3 years
Leasehold improvements \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	5 years
Office equipment and software \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	3 years
Office equipment and software \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	7 years
Equipment \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	5 years
Equipment \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	10 years
Automobiles
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	4 years
Buildings and structures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	7 years

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Depreciation Expense (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Depreciation	$ 101,937	$ 105,101

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Interest Paid Related to Notes Payables (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest expense	$ 11,498,944	$ 10,390,279
Promissory Notes Payable
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest expense	$ 6,380	$ 3,692

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Deferred federal income tax benefit (provision)	$ (1,551,759)	$ (1,529,249)
Current state income tax benefit (provision)	(102,633)	(57,291)
Deferred state income tax benefit (provision)	(74,494)	(443,403)
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes	$ (1,728,886)	$ (2,029,943)

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Schedule of Noncash Share-based Compensation Incurred (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Share-based compensation	$ 1,723,832	$ 1,943,696

REVENUE RECOGNITION (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
REVENUE RECOGNITION (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Oil	$ 92,294,585	$ 83,586,327
Natural gas	(818,235)	1,064,563
Natural gas liquids	3,026,786	3,432,022
Total oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids revenues	$ 94,503,136	$ 88,082,912

LEASES - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024	May 09, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Jan. 01, 2021
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease term of financing leases for vehicles	36 months
Midland Office Lease
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract				5 years
Amended Midland Office Lease
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract			5 years
Woodlands Sub-Lease
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract	5 years 6 months
Woodlands Office Lease
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract		71 months

LEASES - Future lease payments (Details)	3 Months Ended
LEASES - Future lease payments (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Operating lease payments
2024	$ 532,397
2025	727,460
2026	636,649
2027	460,497
2028	250,606
Other Future Years	$ 149,628
Weighted average discount rate	4.50%
Imputed interest	$ 248,687
Weighted average remaining term	4 years 1 month 6 days
Financing lease payments
2024	$ 845,252
2025	808,632
2026	335,634
2027	15,855
2028	0
Other Future Years	$ 0
Weighted average discount rate	6.88%
Imputed interest	$ 143,090
Weighted average remaining term	1 year 11 months 26 days

LEASES - Reconciliation between the undiscounted future cash flows in the table above and the operating and financing lease liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating lease liability:
Operating lease liability, current portion	$ 612,373	$ 568,176
Operating lease liability, non-current portion	1,896,177	2,054,041
Operating lease liability, total	2,508,550	2,622,217
Total undiscounted future cash flows (sum of future operating lease payments)	2,757,237	2,900,050
Imputed interest	248,687	277,833
Undiscounted future cash flows less imputed interest	2,508,550	2,622,217
Financing lease liability:
Financing lease liability, current portion	1,003,909	956,254
Financing lease liability, non-current portion	858,374	906,330
Financing lease liability, total	1,862,283	1,862,584
Total undiscounted future cash flows (sum of future financing lease payments)	2,005,373	2,006,453
Imputed interest	143,090	143,869
Undiscounted future cash flows less imputed interest	$ 1,862,283	$ 1,862,584

LEASES - Supplemental information regarding cash flows from operations (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease costs	$ 175,091	$ 113,138
Short term lease costs	981,291	1,213,799
Financing lease costs:
Amortization of financing lease assets	260,901	186,028
Interest on financing lease liabilities	$ 31,317	$ 25,431

EARNINGS PER SHARE INFORMATION - Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Net Income	$ 5,515,377	$ 32,715,779
Basic Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding (in shares)	197,389,782	177,984,323
Effect of dilutive securities:
Diluted Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding (in shares)	199,305,150	190,138,969
Basic Earnings per Share (in usd per share)	$ 0.03	$ 0.18
Diluted Earnings per Share (in usd per share)	$ 0.03	$ 0.17
Common warrants
Effect of dilutive securities:
Weighted average number diluted shares outstanding adjustment (in shares)	36,213	10,608,680
Restricted Stock Units
Effect of dilutive securities:
Weighted average number diluted shares outstanding adjustment (in shares)	1,126,604	1,299,741
Performance stock units
Effect of dilutive securities:
Weighted average number diluted shares outstanding adjustment (in shares)	752,551	232,055
Stock options
Effect of dilutive securities:
Weighted average number diluted shares outstanding adjustment (in shares)	0	14,170

EARNINGS PER SHARE INFORMATION - Schedule of Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Restricted Stock Units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	0	43,480
Performance Shares
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	1,592,268	1,428,380
Common Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	69,566	70,500

ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, a in Thousands	Dec. 29, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 27, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 10, 2023 USD ($)	May 11, 2023 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2022 USD ($) a $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares	Aug. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 01, 2014 USD ($)
ACQUISITIONS & DIVESTITURES
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity					$ 600,000,000				$ 1,000,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares						$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Asset retirement obligations						$ 28,345,202	$ 28,248,084
Revolving Credit Facility \| Truist Securities, Citizens Bank, KeyBanc Capital Markets, And Mizuho Bank Credit Facility \| Line of Credit
ACQUISITIONS & DIVESTITURES
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity					1,000,000,000
Line of credit facility, current borrowing capacity					$ 600,000,000			$ 350,000,000
Delaware Basin
ACQUISITIONS & DIVESTITURES
Proceeds from divestiture of businesses				$ 8,300,000
Purchase price, net of post close adjustments				7,600,000
Decrease in asset retirement obligation				$ 2,300,000
New Mexico Divestiture
ACQUISITIONS & DIVESTITURES
Proceeds from divestiture of businesses		$ 4,500,000
Purchase price, net of post close adjustments		3,700,000
Decrease in asset retirement obligation		$ 2,400,000
Gaines County Texas
ACQUISITIONS & DIVESTITURES
Proceeds from divestiture of businesses	$ 1,500,000
Purchase price, net of post close adjustments	1,400,000
Decrease in asset retirement obligation	500,000
Commission fees	$ 100,000
Stronghold Acquisition
ACQUISITIONS & DIVESTITURES
Area of land \| a					37
Fair value of consideration paid to seller					$ 394,000,000
Closing amount paid to Founders					165,900,000
Contingent consideration					$ 15,000,000
Payment period					6 months
Inventory and fixed assets					$ 4,500,000
Cash paid for realized oil derivative losses					$ 1,800,000
Equity interest issued and issuable (in shares) \| shares					21,339,986
Shares of Preferred Stock issued (in shares) \| shares					153,176
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares					$ 0.001
As-Converted Shares of Ring Common Stock (in shares) \| shares					42,548,892
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities					$ 24,800,000
Suspense Liability					1,700,000
Asset retirement obligations					$ 14,500,000
Founders Acquisition
ACQUISITIONS & DIVESTITURES
Closing amount paid to Founders			$ 42,502,799
Asset retirement obligations			2,090,777
Deposit in escrow			7,500,000
Purchase price adjustments			10,000,000
Deferred cash payment			$ 11,900,000

ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES - Preliminary Allocation of the Total Cost of the Founders Acquisition (Details) - USD ($)	Jul. 10, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair value of assets acquired:
Oil and natural gas properties		$ 1,700,133,519	$ 1,663,548,249
Fair value of assets acquired:
Asset retirement obligations		$ 28,345,202	$ 28,248,084
Founders Acquisition
Investing Activities - Cash Paid
Deposit in escrow	$ 7,500,000
Closing amount paid to Founders	42,502,799
Interest from escrow deposit	1,747
Fair value of deferred payment liability	14,657,383
Post-close adjustments	(4,139,244)
Total cash consideration	60,522,685
Direct transaction costs	1,361,843
Total consideration	61,884,528
Fair value of assets acquired:
Oil and natural gas properties	64,886,472
Amount attributable to assets acquired	64,886,472
Fair value of assets acquired:
Suspense liability	677,116
Asset retirement obligations	2,090,777
Ad valorem tax liability	234,051
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	3,001,944
Net assets acquired	$ 61,884,528

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Impact of Company's contracts on its Balance Sheets (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets
Derivative assets, current	$ 4,493,001	$ 7,768,697
Discounted deferred premiums	(788,555)	(1,553,323)
Derivatives assets, current, net of premiums	3,704,446	6,215,374
Derivative assets, noncurrent	5,092,176	11,634,714
Discounted deferred premiums	0	0
Derivative assets, noncurrent, net of premiums	5,092,176	11,634,714
Derivative Instruments and Hedges, Liabilities [Abstract]
Derivative liabilities, current	17,517,656	7,520,336
Derivative liabilities, noncurrent	$ 10,012,561	$ 11,510,368

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Components of gain (loss) on derivative contracts (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives	$ (19,014,495)	$ 9,474,905
Gain (loss) on derivative contracts	(19,014,495)	9,474,905
Oil
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	(2,738,970)	(663,762)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives	(16,994,322)	8,107,021
Gain (loss) on derivative contracts	(19,733,292)	7,443,259
Natural Gas
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	1,277,455	5,237
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives	(558,658)	2,026,409
Gain (loss) on derivative contracts	$ 718,797	$ 2,031,646

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Schedule of Components of Cash (Paid) Received for Commodity Derivative Settlements (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash (paid) received for derivative settlements	$ (1,461,515)	$ (658,525)
Oil
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash (paid) received for derivative settlements	(2,738,970)	(663,762)
Natural Gas
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash (paid) received for derivative settlements	$ 1,277,455	$ 5,237

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Current derivative contracts (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 MMBTU $ / MMBTU $ / bbl bbl
Oil \| Swap \| Q2 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	156,975
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share)	66.40
Oil \| Swap \| Q3 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	282,900
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share)	65.49
Oil \| Swap \| Q4 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	368,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share)	68.43
Oil \| Swap \| Q1 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Swap \| Q2 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Swap \| Q3 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	184,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share)	73.35
Oil \| Swap \| Q4 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Swap \| Q1 2026
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	387,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share)	70.11
Oil \| Argus Basis Swaps \| Q2 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	244,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	1.15
Oil \| Argus Basis Swaps \| Q3 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	368,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	1.15
Oil \| Argus Basis Swaps \| Q4 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	368,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	1.15
Oil \| Argus Basis Swaps \| Q1 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	270,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	1.00
Oil \| Argus Basis Swaps \| Q2 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	273,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	1.00
Oil \| Argus Basis Swaps \| Q3 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	276,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	1.00
Oil \| Argus Basis Swaps \| Q4 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	276,000
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	1.00
Oil \| Argus Basis Swaps \| Q1 2026
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	0
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	0
Oil \| Deferred premium puts \| Q2 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	45,500
Weighted average strike price (in usd per share)	82.80
Weighted average deferred premium price (in usd per share)	17.49
Oil \| Deferred premium puts \| Q3 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average strike price (in usd per share)	0
Weighted average deferred premium price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Deferred premium puts \| Q4 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average strike price (in usd per share)	0
Weighted average deferred premium price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Deferred premium puts \| Q1 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average strike price (in usd per share)	0
Weighted average deferred premium price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Deferred premium puts \| Q2 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average strike price (in usd per share)	0
Weighted average deferred premium price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Deferred premium puts \| Q3 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average strike price (in usd per share)	0
Weighted average deferred premium price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Deferred premium puts \| Q4 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average strike price (in usd per share)	0
Weighted average deferred premium price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Deferred premium puts \| Q1 2026
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average strike price (in usd per share)	0
Weighted average deferred premium price (in usd per share)	0
Oil \| Two-way collars \| Q2 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	334,947
Weighted average put price (in usd per share)	64.32
Weighted average call price (in usd per share)	79.16
Oil \| Two-way collars \| Q3 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	230,000
Weighted average put price (in usd per share)	64.00
Weighted average call price (in usd per share)	76.50
Oil \| Two-way collars \| Q4 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	128,800
Weighted average put price (in usd per share)	60.00
Weighted average call price (in usd per share)	73.24
Oil \| Two-way collars \| Q1 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	474,750
Weighted average put price (in usd per share)	57.06
Weighted average call price (in usd per share)	75.82
Oil \| Two-way collars \| Q2 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	464,100
Weighted average put price (in usd per share)	60.00
Weighted average call price (in usd per share)	69.85
Oil \| Two-way collars \| Q3 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	225,400
Weighted average put price (in usd per share)	65.00
Weighted average call price (in usd per share)	78.91
Oil \| Two-way collars \| Q4 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	404,800
Weighted average put price (in usd per share)	60.00
Weighted average call price (in usd per share)	75.68
Oil \| Two-way collars \| Q1 2026
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (Bbl) \| bbl	0
Weighted average put price (in usd per share)	0
Weighted average call price (in usd per share)	0
Natural Gas \| NYMEX Swaps \| Q2 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.62
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	86,059
Natural Gas \| NYMEX Swaps \| Q3 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.59
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	121,587
Natural Gas \| NYMEX Swaps \| Q4 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	4.45
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	644,946
Natural Gas \| NYMEX Swaps \| Q1 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.78
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	616,199
Natural Gas \| NYMEX Swaps \| Q2 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.43
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	591,725
Natural Gas \| NYMEX Swaps \| Q3 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.73
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	285,200
Natural Gas \| NYMEX Swaps \| Q4 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	0
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	0
Natural Gas \| NYMEX Swaps \| Q1 2026
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average swap price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	0
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	0
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Put Option \| Q2 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	405,650
Weighted average put price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.94
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Put Option \| Q3 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	584,200
Weighted average put price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.94
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Put Option \| Q4 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	27,600
Weighted average put price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.00
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Put Option \| Q1 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	27,000
Weighted average put price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.00
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Put Option \| Q2 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	27,300
Weighted average put price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.00
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Put Option \| Q3 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	308,200
Weighted average put price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.00
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Put Option \| Q4 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	598,000
Weighted average put price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.00
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Put Option \| Q1 2026
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Hedged volume (MMBtu) \| MMBTU	553,500
Weighted average put price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	3.50
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Call Option \| Q2 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average call price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	6.16
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Call Option \| Q3 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average call price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	6.17
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Call Option \| Q4 2024
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average call price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	4.15
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Call Option \| Q1 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average call price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	4.15
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Call Option \| Q2 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average call price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	4.15
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Call Option \| Q3 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average call price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	4.75
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Call Option \| Q4 2025
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average call price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	4.15
Natural Gas \| Two-way collars \| Call Option \| Q1 2026
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Weighted average call price (in usd per share) \| $ / MMBTU	5.03

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Derivative Asset, Current, Derivative assets	Derivative Asset, Current, Derivative assets
Derivative Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Derivative Liability, Current, Derivative liabilities	Derivative Liability, Current, Derivative liabilities
Fair Value, Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Commodity Derivatives - Assets	$ 8,796,622	$ 17,850,088
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	(27,530,217)	(19,030,704)
Total	(18,733,595)	(1,180,616)
Quoted prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or (Liabilities) (Level 1) \| Fair Value, Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Commodity Derivatives - Assets	0	0
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	0	0
Total	0	0
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Fair Value, Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Commodity Derivatives - Assets	8,796,622	17,850,088
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	(27,530,217)	(19,030,704)
Total	(18,733,595)	(1,180,616)
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Commodity Derivatives - Assets	0	0
Commodity Derivatives - Liabilities	0	0
Total	$ 0	$ 0

REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT (Details)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT (Details)	Aug. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 01, 2014 USD ($)
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 600,000,000			$ 1,000,000,000
Pro forma leverage ratio, maximum threshold		2.00
Borrowing base utilization, maximum threshold, percentage		80.00%
Company required to maintaining rolling basis	24 months
Minimum percentage of projected production to be hedged	50.00%
Hedge testing percentage	0.00%
Long-term line of credit		$ 422,000,000	$ 425,000,000
Unused commitment fee percentage		0.50%
Unused line of credit		$ 178,000,000
Base Rate Loans
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Interest rate		0.00%
Standby Letters of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Long-term line of credit		$ 35,000
Standby Letters of Credit \| State and Federal Agencies
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Long-term line of credit		10,000
Standby Letters of Credit \| New Mexico Insurance Company \| Surety Bond
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Long-term line of credit		$ 25,000
Minimum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Current ratio		1.0
Minimum \| Base Rate Loans
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate Margin Percentage		2.00%
Maximum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Leverage ratio, total	1.25	3.0
Utilization of borrowing base rate	25.00%
Hedge testing percentage	25.00%
Maximum \| Base Rate Loans
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate Margin Percentage		3.00%
Adjusted term SOFR \| Base Rate Loans
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate		1.00%
Adjusted term SOFR \| Minimum \| SOFR Loans
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate		3.00%
Adjusted term SOFR \| Maximum \| SOFR Loans
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate		4.00%
Federal Funds Rate \| Base Rate Loans
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate		0.50%

ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION - Changes in Asset Retirement Obligations (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis [Roll Forward]
Balance, December 31, 2023	$ 28,248,084
Liabilities acquired	0
Liabilities incurred	168,848
Asset retirement obligation sold	0
Liabilities settled	(422,564)
Revision of estimate	0
Accretion expense	350,834
Balance, March 31, 2024	$ 28,345,202

ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION - Current and Non-current Asset Retirement Obligations (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Asset Retirement Obligation Disclosure [Abstract]
Asset retirement obligations, current	$ 36,318	$ 165,642
Asset retirement obligations, non-current	28,308,884	28,082,442
Asset retirement obligations	$ 28,345,202	$ 28,248,084

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - Narrative (Details) - Common warrants - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Class of warrant or right, outstanding (in shares)	78,200	78,200	78,200		78,200	14,590,366	19,107,793
Exercised (in shares)	0	0	14,512,166	4,517,427
Underwritten Public Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise price of warrants or rights (in usd per share)	$ 0.80	$ 0.80	$ 0.80		$ 0.80	$ 0.80	$ 0.80
Warrants and rights outstanding, term					5 years

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - Schedule of Common Warrants Exercised (Details) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended
	Apr. 12, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Oct. 29, 2020
Class Of Warrant Or Right, Exercisable, Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Exercised (in usd per share)							$ 0.80
Proceeds Received		$ 0	$ 0	$ 8,997,543			$ 3,613,941
Aggregate proceeds	$ 8,997,543
Exercise of common warrants issued in offering					$ 3,613,941	$ 8,687,655
Advisory fee		$ 309,888
Exercise Agreement
Class Of Warrant Or Right, Exercisable [Roll Forward]
Exercisable, at period end (in shares)	14,512,166
Class Of Warrant Or Right, Exercisable, Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Exercise price of warrants or rights at period end (in usd per share)	$ 0.62
Exercise price of warrants or rights (in usd per share)	$ 0.62
Securities Purchase Agreement
Class Of Warrant Or Right, Exercisable, Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Exercise price of warrants or rights (in usd per share)								$ 0.80
Common warrants
Class Of Warrant Or Right, Exercisable [Roll Forward]
Exercisable, at period start (in shares)		78,200	78,200	14,590,366	19,107,793
Exercised (in shares)		0	0	(14,512,166)			(4,517,427)
Exercisable, at period end (in shares)		78,200	78,200	78,200	14,590,366	19,107,793
Common warrants \| Underwritten Public Offering
Class Of Warrant Or Right, Exercisable, Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Exercise price of warrants or rights at period start (in usd per share)		$ 0.80	$ 0.80	$ 0.80	$ 0.80
Exercised (in usd per share)		0.80	0	0.62
Exercise price of warrants or rights at period end (in usd per share)		0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	$ 0.80
Exercise price of warrants or rights (in usd per share)		$ 0.80	$ 0.80	$ 0.80	$ 0.80	$ 0.80

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS - Compensation Expense Charged Against Income (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Share-based compensation	$ 1,723,832	$ 1,943,696

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Per share weighted average price of shares purchased (in usd per share)	$ 1.96	$ 1.90
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 0
Restricted Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Employee service share-based compensation, nonvested awards, compensation not yet recognized, stock options (in shares)	$ 5,054,371
Weighted average period of recognition	2 years 2 months 1 day
Performance Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average period of recognition	1 year 4 months 2 days
Performance stock units	$ 3,422,999
long term Incentive Plan (2011 Plan)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares available for grant (in shares)	541,755
Omnibus Incentive Plan (2021 Plan)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares available for grant (in shares)	5,293,418
Increase in number of shares available for grant (in shares)	6,000,000

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS - Status of the Stock Options (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Granted (in usd per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Forfeited (in usd per share)	0	0
Expired (in usd per share)	5.50
Exercised (in usd per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Stock options
Options
Outstanding at beginning of the year (in shares)	70,500	265,500
Granted (in shares)	0	0
Forfeited (in shares)	0	0
Expired (in shares)	(5,000)
Exercised (in shares)	0	0
Outstanding at end of year (in shares)	65,500	265,500
Options Exercisable at end of year (in shares)	65,500	265,500
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of the year (in usd per share)	$ 10.33	$ 4.21
Outstanding at end of year (in usd per share)	10.70	4.21
Exercisable at end of year (in usd per share)	$ 10.70	$ 4.21
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Options Outstanding - Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term	2 years 3 months 21 days	1 year 4 months 20 days
Options Exercisable - Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term	2 years 3 months 21 days	1 year 4 months 20 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 0	$ 0

EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS - Status of Restricted Stock and Performance Shares Grants (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Restricted Stock Units
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares
Outstanding at beginning of the year (in shares)	3,148,226	2,623,790
Granted (in shares)	2,647,970	2,270,842
Forfeited or rescinded (in shares)	(26,802)	(11,712)
Vested (in shares)	(1,342,112)	(659,479)
Outstanding at end of year (in shares)	4,427,282	4,223,441
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of the year (in usd per share)	$ 2.40	$ 2.29
Granted (in usd per share)	1.30	2.22
Forfeited or rescinded (in usd per share)	1.30	2.22
Vested (in usd per share)	2.35	2.80
Outstanding at end of year (in usd per share)	$ 1.77	$ 2.17
Performance Shares
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares
Outstanding at beginning of the year (in shares)	2,022,378	1,720,432
Granted (in shares)	0	1,162,162
Forfeited or rescinded (in shares)	0	0
Vested (in shares)	0	0
Outstanding at end of year (in shares)	2,022,378	2,882,594
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of the year (in usd per share)	$ 3.11	$ 3.76
Granted (in usd per share)	0	2.71
Forfeited or rescinded (in usd per share)	0	0
Vested (in usd per share)	0	0
Outstanding at end of year (in usd per share)	$ 3.11	$ 3.34

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Feb. 23, 2024 USD ($)	Feb. 22, 2024 USD ($)	Jan. 10, 2024 USD ($) insuranceCompany	Aug. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 01, 2014 USD ($)
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity					$ 600,000,000	$ 1,000,000,000
Carrying value	$ 25,000
Number of insurance companies \| insuranceCompany				2
Surety Bond \| Insurance Company One
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Carrying value				$ 250,000
Surety Bond \| Insurance Company Two
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Carrying value				$ 2,000,000
Surety Bond
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Carrying value	$ 2,275,000
Extended term for surety bonds	1 year
Surety Bond \| NEW MEXICO
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Carrying value	$ 500,438
Standby Letters of Credit
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Standby letters of credit drawn	$ 0
State and Federal Agencies \| Standby Letters of Credit
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity		$ 10,000	$ 260,000
Extended term under letter of credit arrangement (in years)	1 year
Insurance Company \| Standby Letters of Credit
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity		$ 25,000	$ 500,438