TIDMSNR

RNS Number : 3411U

Senior PLC

01 August 2022

Senior plc

Interim Results for the half-year ended 30 June 2022

Strong performance, outlook maintained

 
                                                                                     change 
                                                   Half-Year to 30                (constant 
 FINANCIAL HEADLINES                                          June      change    currency)   (4) 
                                                  2022        2021 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 REVENUE                                     GBP402.2m   GBP332.8m        +21%         +16% 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 OPERATING PROFIT                             GBP15.4m     GBP5.1m       +202%        +166% 
 ADJUSTED FOR: 
      NET RESTRUCTURING (INCOME)/COST        GBP(2.8)m     GBP0.1m 
 ADJUSTED OPERATING PROFIT (1)                GBP12.6m     GBP5.2m       +142%        +117% 
 ADJUSTED OPERATING MARGIN (1)                    3.1%        1.6%    +150 bps     +140 bps 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 PROFIT BEFORE TAX                            GBP11.1m    GBP22.3m        -50%         -55% 
 ADJUSTED PROFIT BEFORE TAX (1)                GBP8.8m     GBP0.9m       +878%        +577% 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE                        2.43p       4.72p        -49% 
 ADJUSTED EARNINGS PER SHARE (1)                 1.92p       0.10p      +1820% 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ---------- 
 INTERIM DIVID PER SHARE                      0.30p       nil p         n/m 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 FREE CASH FLOW (2)                           GBP19.3m    GBP19.2m         +1% 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 NET DEBT EXCLUDING CAPITALISED               GBP72.9m    GBP79.9m       GBP7m     Net debt 
  LEASES (2) - 30 June 2022 / 31 December                             decrease            / 
  2021                                                                               EBITDA 
                                                                                       1.3x 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 NET DEBT (2) - 30 June 2022 / 31            GBP149.4m   GBP153.1m       GBP4m 
  December 2021                                                       decrease 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 ROCE (3)                                         2.3%        0.0%     +230bps 
------------------------------------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -----------  ---- 
 

Highlights

 
 --   Strong trading performance compared to prior year; in line with 
       expectations 
 --   2022 outlook maintained; second half performance expected to 
       be similar to first half 
 --   Demand continues to strengthen across our core markets 
 --   Increased order intake with a book-to-bill of 1.34 
 --   Strong free cash inflow of GBP19.3m 
 --   Healthy balance sheet, significantly de-levered 
 --   Supply chain constraints and increasing inflationary pressures 
       being managed diligently 
 --   Spencer Aerospace acquisition on track to complete in Q3 2022 
 --   Dividend reinstated 
 

Commenting on the results, David Squires, Group Chief Executive Officer of Senior plc, said:

"These strong results, compared to the same period in 2021, are in line with our expectations. Profitability has improved and our healthy balance sheet has been enhanced through strong free cash flow performance. Our core markets are showing good growth as activity levels pick up following two years of pandemic related uncertainty. Global supply chain constraints and increasing inflationary pressures, caused by external events, remain evident and we continue to manage the impact of those diligently to ensure we satisfy our customers and other stakeholders.

The Board anticipates further good progress in 2022, in line with previous expectations, with performance in the second half of the year expected to be similar to the first half. Along with the strong cash performance and healthy balance sheet, this gives the Board confidence to announce the reinstatement of a dividend for 2022.

Over the medium-term we remain committed to delivering a strong recovery across both Divisions, driving the Group ROCE to a minimum of 13.5% in line with our previously stated ambition.

Looking ahead, our differentiated offering in fluid conveyance and thermal management products coupled with our global footprint and positioning in attractive and diverse end markets, gives the Board confidence that Senior is well positioned to build on our strong capabilities and to capture growth opportunities. Our continued investment in low carbon technology and advanced manufacturing combined with our commitment to the highest sustainability standards provide additional foundations for continued success."

Further information

 
                                                             +44 (0) 1923 
Bindi Foyle, Group Finance Director, Senior plc               714 725 
Gulshen Patel, Director of Investor Relations & Corporate    +44 (0) 1923 
 Communications, Senior plc                                   714 722 
                                                             +44 (0) 7796 
Richard Webster-Smith , Finsbury                              708 551 
 

Notes

This Release, together with other information on Senior plc, can be found at: www.seniorplc.com

 
(1)   Adjusted operating profit and adjusted profit before tax are stated 
       before GBP2.8m net restructuring income (H1 2021 - GBP0.1m net 
       restructuring cost, see Note 4 for further detail). Adjusted profit 
       before tax is also stated before costs associated with corporate 
       undertakings of GBP0.5m (H1 2021 - GBP21.5m income, see Note 4 
       for further detail). Adjusted operating margin is the ratio of 
       adjusted operating profit to revenue. Adjusted earnings per share 
       is also stated before exceptional non-cash tax credit of GBPnil 
       (H1 2021 - GBP0.6m). 
(2)   See Note 12b and 12c for derivation of free cash flow and of net 
       debt, respectively. 
(3)   Return on capital employed ("ROCE") is derived from annual adjusted 
       operating profit (as defined in Note 4) divided by the average 
       of the capital employed at the start and end of that twelve-month 
       period, capital employed being total equity plus net debt (as 
       derived in Note 12c). 
(4)   H1 2021 results translated using H1 2022 average exchange rates 
       - constant currency. 
The following measures are used for the purpose of assessing covenant 
 compliance for the Group's borrowing facilities: 
--    EBITDA is adjusted profit before tax (defined in Note 4) before 
       interest (defined below), depreciation, amortisation and profit 
       or loss on sale of property, plant and equipment. It also excludes 
       EBITDA from businesses which have been disposed and it is based 
       on frozen GAAP (pre-IFRS 16). EBITDA for the 12 month period ending 
       June 2022 was GBP51.0m. 
--    Net debt is defined in Note 12c. It is based on frozen GAAP (pre-IFRS 
       16) and as required by the covenant definition, it is restated 
       using 12-month average exchange rates. 
--    Interest is finance costs and investment income before net finance 
       income of retirement benefits. It also excludes interest from 
       businesses which have been disposed and it is based on frozen 
       GAAP (pre-IFRS 16). 
The Group's principal exchange rate for the US Dollar applied in the 
 translation of Income Statement and cash flow items at average H1 
 2022 rates was $1.29 (H1 2021 - $1.39) and applied in the translation 
 of balance sheet items at 30 June 2022 was $1.22 (30 June 2021 - $1.38; 
 31 December 2021 - $1.35). Currently assuming exchange rate for the 
 US Dollar to Pound Sterling of $1.28: GBP1 average for 2022. 
 

There will be a presentation on Monday 1 August 2022 at 11.00am BST accessible via a live webcast on Senior's website at www.seniorplc.com/investors . The webcast will be made available on the website for subsequent viewing.

Note to Editors

Senior is an international manufacturing Group with operations in 12 countries. It is listed on the main market of the London Stock Exchange (symbol SNR). Senior designs and manufactures high technology components and systems for the principal original equipment producers in the worldwide aerospace & defence, land vehicle and power & energy markets.

Cautionary Statement

This Interim Management Report ("IMR") has been prepared solely to provide additional information to enable shareholders to assess the Group's strategy and business objectives and the potential for the strategy and objectives to be fulfilled. It should not be relied upon by any other party or for any other purpose.

This IMR contains certain forward-looking statements. Such statements are made by the Directors in good faith based on the information available to them at the time of their approval of this IMR and they should be treated with caution due to the inherent uncertainties, including both economic and business risk factors, underlying any such forward-looking information.

INTERIM MANAGEMENT REPORT 2022

Trading performance has been strong in the first half of 2022, when compared to prior year, in line with expectations. With a continued focus on operational performance, Senior generated robust free cash flow and further de-levered its healthy balance sheet.

For the first half of 2022, Group revenue increased by 16% on a constant currency basis to GBP402.2m with growth in both divisions. The year-on-year increase reflected the ramp up in civil aircraft production rates, growth in land vehicle, power & energy, semi-conductor equipment and space markets, as well as pricing benefits of GBP8.1m. Furthermore, favourable exchange rates added GBP15.2m to total sales.

We measure Group performance on an adjusted basis, which excludes items that do not directly reflect the underlying trading performance in the period (see Note 4). References below therefore focus on these adjusted measures.

The Group generated an adjusted operating profit of GBP12.6m (H1 2021 - GBP5.2m). The Group's adjusted operating margin increased by 150 basis points, to 3.1% for the half-year. The improved profitability reflected underlying volume related operating leverage across our operating businesses. Inflationary pressures were successfully mitigated by diligently managing costs and by increasing prices and surcharges where possible. Overall, price increases of GBP8.1m largely offset material and other inflationary cost increases of GBP9.4m in the first half of the year.

Adjusted profit before tax increased to GBP8.8m (H1 2021 - GBP0.9m). The adjusted tax charge was GBP0.8m (H1 2021 - GBP0.5m). Adjusted earnings per share increased to 1.92 pence (H1 2021 - 0.10 pence).

Reported profit before tax was GBP11.1m, compared to GBP22.3m in H1 2021, having benefited from the profit on the sale of our Senior Aerospace Connecticut business during that period (H1 2021 - GBP24.2m). Basic earnings per share was 2.43 pence (H1 2021 - 4.72 pence).

The Group delivered a robust cash performance in the first half of 2022 generating free cash inflow of GBP19.3m (H1 2021 - GBP19.2m) helped by o ur effective management of working capital and capital expenditure. Gross investment in capital expenditure was GBP11.5m (H1 2021 - GBP7.9m) with GBP1.2m cash outflows (H1 2021 - GBP5.8m inflows) from working capital. The Group generated net cash inflow of GBP17.5m (H1 2021 - GBP60.9m) in the six months to June 2022, due to free cash inflow of GBP19.3m (H1 2021 - GBP19.2m), partly offset by GBP1.8m cash outflows (H1 2021 - GBP41.7m inflows) related to corporate undertakings and restructuring activity.

The Group's financial position remains strong, with a healthy balance sheet and period end net debt to EBITDA of 1.3x. The headroom on our committed borrowing facilities at 30 June 2022 was GBP228.0m. Net debt at the end of June 2022 was GBP149.4m (including capitalised leases of GBP76.5m), a reduction of GBP3.7m from December 2021, after taking into account adverse currency movements of GBP11.0m and a GBP2.8m increase for lease movements.

Reflecting confidence in the Group's performance, financial position and future prospects, the Board is reinstating dividend payments and has approved an interim dividend of 0.30 pence per share (H1 2021 nil pence). It will be paid on 11 November 2022 to shareholders on the register at the close of business on 14 October 2022. We will continue to follow a progressive dividend policy reflecting earnings per share, free cash flow generation, market conditions and dividend cover over the medium term.

Market Overview

In the first half of 2022, our core markets across the Group continued to improve.

Civil Aerospace (40% of Group)

Demand for air travel is proving resilient, particularly for domestic and other short-haul routes. International traffic is accelerating, particularly in North America and Europe with Asia also improving albeit constrained by the impact of China's zero COVID policy. IATA expects domestic passenger numbers to reach 2019 levels next year and international passenger numbers to return to 2019 levels by 2025.

In the medium and longer term, strong structural growth in air travel is driven by growing air traffic demand in Asia and supported by the replacement of older aircraft with latest generation, more fuel efficient models.

As a consequence, production volumes for civil aerospace have been ramping up during the first half of 2022, driven by increasing single aisle rates. Widebody rates are largely as expected, although B787 production is yet to recommence as Boeing finalises the resolution of the issues previously reported.

Defence (15% of Group)

Senior's sales to the Defence sector are primarily focused on the US defence market. The approved budget for US defence in fiscal year 2022 is $778bn and a bipartisan request for fiscal year 2023 spending of $857bn has been made. However, the 2022 Appropriations Bill was not passed until March 2022 which meant that up to that point, spending was restricted to the prior year's levels under a Continuing Resolution ("CR") which led to a delay in some ordering activity.

Other Aerospace (11% of Group)

Sales from our Aerospace operating businesses into industrial markets outside of the civil aerospace and defence markets are classified under "Other Aerospace" and include sales into the space, semi-conductor equipment and medical markets. These end markets have continued to grow in the first half of 2022, with 8% growth in semi-conductor anticipated in 2022. According to the Space Foundation, the global space economy is projected to grow 55% from 2020 to 2030, while according to Statista, the medical equipment industry is expected to have a CAGR of around 6% to 2030.

Land Vehicle (19% of Group)

Heavy duty truck and off highway markets grew in the first half of 2022, while passenger vehicle continued to be affected by supply chain constraints.

According to Americas Commercial Transportation ("ACT") Research, the heavy duty truck market grew by 12% in the first half of 2022 compared to H1 2021, and is forecast to grow by 15% for the full year 2022. 2023 is expected to be flat as slowing macroeconomic indicators are expected to be offset by modest pre-buy activity ahead of the tightening of emission standards coming in by 2024. For European truck and bus production, IHS Markit Inc. ("IHS") estimates a decline of 14% in the first half of 2022 compared to H1 2021 and currently forecasts an overall decline for the full year 2022 of 6% compared to prior year as supply chain constraints ease.

Passenger vehicle production in the first half of 2022 continued to be impacted by semi-conductor shortages and was further impacted by the reduced supply of wire harnesses due to the Ukraine crisis. According to IHS, European (including the UK) passenger vehicle production declined by 6% in H1 2022 compared to H1 2021 and is forecast to grow by 13% for the full year 2022 as semiconductor availability improves.

According to the International Energy Agency ("IEA") , global electric car sales have continued their strong growth in 2022 after breaking records in 2021. In the first quarter of 2022, two million electric cars were sold worldwide, up by 75% from the same period a year earlier.

Power & Energy (15% of Group)

Power & energy markets continued to grow in the first half of 2022 as the recovery in the upstream oil & gas sector continued and levels of maintenance and overhaul improved for downstream oil & gas.

The IEA has reiterated its world oil demand forecast for 2022 and announced that in 2023, demand is expected to surpass pre-pandemic levels. According to the IEA, global refining capacity is set to expand slightly in 2022 and 2023, although shortages in individual products may well persist due to uneven rates of demand growth and limits in the refining system. This tight supply, coupled with a limited appetite for new refining capacity due to the US federal government's policies on energy, has led businesses to focus on upgrading and expanding existing facilities, thereby increasing maintenance and overhaul work.

In power generation, the IEA forecasts average annual electricity demand growth of 2.7%, with renewables growth set to serve more than 90% of net demand growth during 2022-2024. Nuclear-based generation is expected to grow by 1% annually. For 2022, the IEA forecast renewable capacity to increase over 8% compared with last year.

Delivery of Group Strategy

Senior has a focused and compelling strategy to maximise value for shareholders and is confident of delivering its target return on capital employed of a minimum of 13.5% (post IFRS 16) over the medium-term. Senior will achieve this through the following:

 
 --   a strategic focus on Intellectual Property (IP) rich fluid conveyance 
       and thermal management; 
 --   organically growing our Aerostructures business to fully utilise 
       our world class global footprint; 
 --   maintaining strong focus on efficiencies through our Senior Operating 
       System as end markets continue to recover; 
 --   executing on our portfolio optimisation strategy to maximise value 
       creation; and 
 --   driving intrinsic strong cash generation. 
 

We most recently set out our strategy in detail at our capital markets day in October 2021: https://www.seniorplc.com//media/Files/S/Senior-PLC/reports-and-presentations/presentations/capital-markets-presentation-121021.pdf and in Senior's Annual Report and Accounts 2021 on pages 30 to 39 (available at www.seniorplc.com ). Please refer to these for greater detail.

In the first half of 2022, in addition to making good progress with our innovative product development activities, in June 2022 we announced the strategic acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Spencer Aerospace Manufacturing, LLC ("Spencer Aerospace"), a leading manufacturer of highly engineered, high-pressure hydraulic fluid fittings for use in commercial and military aerospace applications. The acquisition of Spencer Aerospace is on track to complete in Q3 2022, subject to customary closing conditions.

While Senior already has some fluid fitting expertise, our customers have been strongly encouraging us to increase our presence in this area and our combined expertise and market reach will allow us to respond decisively and rapidly grow associated revenues. The acquisition of Spencer Aerospace will further enhance Senior's industry-leading fluid conveyance capabilities and is an important step in our strategy to optimise our portfolio and maximise value for shareholders.

The high-pressure hydraulic fluid fittings products engineered and manufactured by Spencer Aerospace are in high demand from aerospace and defence customers around the world and are complementary to Senior's existing advanced fluid conveyance product and system capabilities. The addition of Spencer Aerospace improves growth prospects by enabling Senior to provide higher level assemblies and sub-systems, supports penetration into adjacent market applications (e.g., hydrogen fittings for power and infrastructure applications) and expands Senior's fittings & couplings markets in North America, Europe & ROW for both OEMs & distributors. The strong customer relationships that Senior has with OEMs, Tier 1 integrators, and aftermarket customers around the world, will open new opportunities.

Sustainability

Senior is a values-driven organisation: we believe with conviction that how you do business is every bit as important as what you do. We always put safety and ethics first and we strongly encourage and promote diversity and inclusivity across our international operations. Therefore, sustainability is an integral part of our strategy, firmly embedded within the behaviours of our people and the culture of our organisation. We invest in our employees to help them succeed and they are empowered within a well-defined governance framework. For many years we have had a strong focus on Environmental, Social and Governance ("ESG") matters. Our track record means that we are well positioned to meet and exceed all of our stakeholder ESG expectations: our industry-leading ESG disclosures and ratings are evidence of Senior's longstanding approach to sustainability.

Our products operate in various hard-to-decarbonise sectors - aerospace, transport and power & energy - as a result, we apply our expertise and technology across many different applications, working in close partnership with our customers, to develop solutions that support both their commercial and sustainability objectives. Our engineering expertise is key in helping to tackle the climate change and clean air challenge, as the world transitions to a lower carbon economy.

Key highlights for ESG in 2022:

Environment

 
 --   We are on track to deliver our Scope 1, 2 and 3 SBTi verified 
       "Near Term Net-Zero" Targets 
 --   We have submitted our Long Term Net Zero climate targets to SBTi 
       for verification and approval 
 --   Current CDP leadership rating of A- for our climate disclosure 
 --   Achieved the highest CDP Supplier Engagement Rating of A 
 --   In 2022, we are proactively developing and extending our supplier 
       environmental engagement 
 

Social

 
 --   In September 2022, we are undertaking our next global employee 
       survey 
 --   We remain on track to achieve our 2025 Lost Time Injury Rate reduction 
       target 
 --   In 2022, we have introduced additional safety initiatives involving 
       ergonomics and hand protection to support our 2025 Lost Time Injury 
       Rate reduction goal 
 --   Currently, 55% of the Board Directors are female and two of the 
       Directors are from minority ethnic backgrounds 
 

Governance

 
 --   The 2022 Code of Conduct annual training programme has been launched 
       and is due to be completed in Q3 
 --   All employees continue to receive training and regular reminders 
       about the risks related to information/cyber security 
 --   In line with TCFD recommendations, Senior's resilience at different 
       climate-related scenarios has been assessed and the Transition 
       Plan is being updated 
 

Outlook

Trading performance has been strong in the first half of 2022, compared to the same period in 2021, in line with expectations. Our core markets are showing good growth as activity levels pick up following two years of pandemic related uncertainty. Global supply chain constraints and increasing inflationary pressures, caused by external events, remain evident and we continue to manage the impact of those diligently to ensure we satisfy our customers and other stakeholders.

The Board anticipates further good progress in 2022, in line with previous expectations, with performance in the second half of the year expected to be similar to the first half. Along with the strong cash performance and healthy balance sheet, this gives the Board confidence to announce the reinstatement of a dividend for 2022.

Over the medium-term we remain committed to delivering a strong recovery across both Divisions, driving the Group ROCE to a minimum of 13.5% in line with our previously stated ambition.

Looking ahead, our differentiated offering in fluid conveyance and thermal management products coupled with our global footprint and positioning in attractive and diverse end markets, gives the Board confidence that Senior is well positioned to build on our strong capabilities and to capture growth opportunities. Our continued investment in low carbon technology and advanced manufacturing combined with our commitment to the highest sustainability standards provide additional foundations for continued success.

DAVID SQUIRES

Group Chief Executive Officer

DIVISIONAL REVIEW

Aerospace Division

The Aerospace Division represents 66% (H1 2021 - 66%(1) ) of Group revenue and consists of 14 operations. These are located in North America (six), the United Kingdom (four), continental Europe (two), Thailand and Malaysia. This Divisional review is on a constant currency basis, whereby H1 2021 results have been translated using H1 2022 average exchange rates and on an adjusted basis to exclude net restructuring income/costs. The Division's operating results on a constant currency basis are summarised below:

 
                                             H1 2022      H1 2021  (2)         Change 
                                                GBPm         GBPm 
 Revenue                                   GBP264.5m    GBP233.7m              +13.2% 
 Adjusted operating profit                   GBP9.8m      GBP5.5m              +78.2% 
 Adjusted operating margin                      3.7%         2.4%             +130bps 
 
  (1)   This number is excluding Senior Aerospace Connecticut 
        H1 2021 results translated using H1 2022 average exchange rates 
  (2)    - constant currency. 
 
 

Divisional revenue increased by GBP30.8m (13.2%) to GBP264.5m (H1 2021 - GBP233.7m) whilst adjusted operating profit increased by GBP4.3m (78.2%) to GBP9.8m (H1 2021 - GBP5.5m).

 
 Revenue Reconciliation     GBPm 
 H1 2021 revenue           233.7 
 Civil aerospace            40.4 
 Defence                   (8.3) 
 Other markets               7.4 
 Disposal of business      (8.7) 
 H1 2022 revenue           264.5 
                          ====== 
 

Revenue in the Aerospace Division increased by 13.2% year-on-year on a constant currency basis, reflecting the overall recovery in demand. Excluding the prior year GBP8.7m revenue from Senior Aerospace Connecticut, which was divested in April 2021, revenue on an organic, constant currency basis increased by 17.6%. The year-on-year increase reflected the ramp up in civil aircraft production rates and growth from semi-conductor equipment and space markets, which more than offset the decline in defence which was affected by the Continuing Resolution which was in place in the U.S. for much of the period.

The civil aerospace sector had the strongest growth during the period with Senior's sales increasing by 33.4% compared to prior year. This was reflective of aircraft production rates being higher in H1 2022 compared to H1 2021, particularly for single aisle aircraft. 21% of civil aerospace sales were from widebody aircraft in the first half of 2022, with the other 79% sales being from single aisle, regional and business jets.

Excluding the divestment of Senior Aerospace Connecticut, total revenue from the defence sector decreased by GBP8.3m (12.2%) as orders were delayed due to the late approval of the Appropriations Bill which resulted in the Continuing Resolution coming into force and F-35 sales were impacted by customer inventory levels.

Revenue derived from other markets such as space, power & energy, medical and semi-conductor equipment, where the Group manufactures products using very similar technology to that used for certain aerospace products, increased by GBP7.4m as a result of the increasing demand in the semi-conductor equipment market and growth in the space satellite sector.

During the period, adjusted operating profit increased by 78.2% to GBP9.8m (H1 2021 - GBP5.5m) and the adjusted operating margin increased by 130 basis points to 3.7% (H1 2021 - 2.4%). This improvement in profitability reflected the underlying volume related operating leverage across our operating businesses and price increases to help offset the impact of material and other inflationary cost increases.

Production volumes for civil aerospace during the first half of 2022 have been ramping up, driven by increasing single aisle/narrow body rates.

 
 --   Airbus announced at their Half-Year 2022 results, it is adapting 
       the ramp-up trajectory for its A320 Family month production rate 
       and now targets a monthly rate of 65 in early 2024, a significant 
       increase from current levels, albeit six months later than previously 
       planned. The Airbus teams are engaged with suppliers and partners 
       to ramp up towards an A320 Family monthly production rate of 75 
       in 2025, backed by strong customer demand. On the A321XLR, Airbus 
       announced the first flight took place in June, representing an 
       important milestone towards the aircraft's entry-into-service 
       that is expected to take place in early 2024. On the A220, Airbus 
       reaffirmed at their Half-Year call that they are on track for 
       a monthly production rate of 14 by the middle of the decade. 
 --   Boeing announced at their Q2 earnings call that the 737 production 
       rate increased to 31 airplanes per month during the quarter and 
       their principal aim is to stabilise production at that rate before 
       increasing further. Boeing have a 737 order backlog of around 
       3,400 aircraft and at the end of the second quarter 2022, there 
       were 290 737 MAX aircraft in inventory. 
 --   COMAC recently announced completion of the flight test programme, 
       the final step before certification. 
 

Widebody rates are largely as expected, except for the 787. IATA has signalled that this segment will return to 2019 levels by 2025.

 
 --   Airbus announced at its Half-Year 2022 results, on widebody, it 
       is exploring, together with its supply chain, the feasibility 
       of further rate increases to meet growing market demand as international 
       air travel recovers. As previously announced, Airbus continues 
       to target an A330 monthly production rate of almost three aircrafts 
       at the end of 2022 and an A350 monthly production rate of around 
       6 aircraft in early 2023. 
 --   On the 787 platform, Boeing continues to work with the FAA to 
       finalise actions to resume deliveries and is readying airplanes 
       for delivery. The programme is producing at a very low rate and 
       will continue to do so until deliveries resume, with an expected 
       gradual return to production of five per month over time. Boeing 
       confirmed at their Q2 earnings call that they had 120 787 aircraft 
       in inventory at the end of the second quarter of 2022. 
 --   Boeing reaffirmed on their Q2 earnings call that they still anticipate 
       delivery of the first 777X plane in 2025. 
 

Global business jet activity was resilient in the first half of 2022, continuing the pre-pandemic bounce. According to WingX Advance, demand for the last 12 months have consecutively been record-breaking. In the first half of 2022, activity was up 27% year-on-year and 21% above pre-pandemic 2019 levels. North American activity is continuing but it is the rebound in Europe which is much stronger.

Due to the US defence Appropriations Bill not being signed into effect until March 2022, defence spending has been delayed in 2022. We now expect defence revenue to be slightly lower in 2022 compared to prior year.

 
 --   Lockheed Martin delivered 61 F-35 aircraft in H1 2022, which was 
       up from 54 in H1 2021. At their half year results presentation, 
       they announced that deliveries are expected to remain in the range 
       of 147-153 aircraft per year in 2023 and 2024, before achieving 
       the 156 aircraft delivery target in 2025. They continue to anticipate 
       annual deliveries of 156 aircraft beyond 2025 for the foreseeable 
       future. 
 

Flexonics Division

The Flexonics Division represents 34% (H1 2021 - 34%) of Group revenue and consists of 12 operations which are located in North America (four), continental Europe (two), the United Kingdom (two), South Africa, India, and China (two) including the Group's 49% equity stake in a land vehicle product joint venture. This Divisional review, presented before the share of the joint venture results, is on a constant currency basis, whereby H1 2021 results have been translated using H1 2022 average exchange rates. There are no reconciling items between adjusted operating profit and operating profit in H1 2022. The Division's operating results on a constant currency basis are summarised below:

 
                                             H1 2022      H1 2021  (1)          Change 
                                                GBPm         GBPm 
 Revenue                                   GBP137.9m    GBP114.6m               +20.3% 
 Adjusted operating profit                  GBP11.3m      GBP7.8m               +44.9% 
 Adjusted operating margin                      8.2%         6.8%              +140bps 
        H1 2021 results translated using H1 2022 average exchange rates 
  (1)    - constant currency. 
 
 

Divisional revenue increased by GBP23.3m (20.3%) to GBP137.9m (H1 2021 - GBP114.6m) and adjusted operating profit increased by GBP3.5m (44.9%) to GBP11.3m (H1 2021 - GBP7.8m).

 
 Revenue Reconciliation     GBPm 
 H1 2021 revenue           114.6 
 Land vehicles              13.8 
 Power & energy              9.5 
 H1 2022 revenue           137.9 
                          ====== 
 

Flexonics core markets all grew in the first half of the year, with sales in H1 2022 increasing by 20.3% compared to the prior period.

Group sales to land vehicle markets increased by 22.3%. Senior's sales to the North American truck and off-highway market increased by GBP7.9m (22.7%), as off-highway sales were strong and market production of heavy-duty diesel trucks increased by 12%. Sales to other truck and off-highway regions, including Europe and India, increased by GBP5.0m (38.8%) reflecting the ramp up of new programmes and market growth in India, which offset underlying lower supply constrained market production in Europe. Group sales to passenger vehicle markets increased by GBP0.9m (6.3%) in the year, reflecting launch of new programmes in North America and Europe, offset partly by underlying lower market production as a result of supply chain constraints.

In the Group's power & energy markets, sales increased by GBP9.5m (18.0%) in the year. Sales to power generation and nuclear markets increased by GBP5.1m (30.4%) particularly as maintenance activity increased. Sales to oil and gas markets increased by GBP4.0m (26.7%), as a result of increasing demand, in particular, from upstream activity. In downstream oil & gas, levels of maintenance and overhaul improved in the period. Sales to other power & energy markets increased by GBP0.4m.

Adjusted operating profit increased by GBP3.5m compared to prior period and the divisional adjusted operating margin increased by 140 basis points to 8.2% (H1 2021 - 6.8%). This improvement in profitability reflected the underlying volume related operating leverage across our operating business and price increases to help offset the impact of material and other inflationary cost increases .

Land Vehicle markets, despite facing ongoing supply chain constraints, are still expected to continue to grow overall in 2022.

 
 --   ACT Research is forecasting a 15% increase in North American heavy-duty 
       truck production in 2022. 
 --   The North American medium-duty diesel truck production is forecast 
       to decrease by 2% in 2022. 
 --   IHS Markit Inc. forecasts that European truck and bus production 
       will decline by 6% in 2022 and that passenger vehicle production 
       will grow by 13% in 2022. 
 --   Indian passenger vehicle production is forecast to grow by 17% 
       in 2022. 
 

Power & energy markets grew in the first half of 2022 as the recovery in upstream oil & gas sector continued and levels of maintenance and overhaul increased for downstream oil & gas.

 
 --   The IEA has reiterated their world oil demand forecast for 2022 
       and announced that in 2023, demand is expected to surpass pre-pandemic 
       levels. 
 --   According to the IEA, global refining capacity is set to expand 
       slightly in 2022 and 2023, although shortages in individual products 
       may well persist due to uneven rates of demand growth and limits 
       in the refining system. This tight supply, coupled with a limited 
       appetite for new refining capacity due to the US federal government's 
       policies on energy, has led businesses towards upgrading and the 
       expansion of existing facilities, thereby increasing maintenance 
       and overhaul work. 
 --   In power generation, the IEA forecasts average annual electricity 
       demand growth of 2.7% with renewables growth set to serve more 
       than 90% of net demand growth during 2022-2024. Nuclear-based 
       generation is expected to grow by 1% annually during the period. 
       For 2022, the IEA forecast renewable capacity to increase over 
       8% compared with last year. 
 

Good progress continues to be made with our fluid conveyance and thermal management product and technology developments in support of the transition to clean energy, with many active customer engagements: one example of this is shown below.

Case study: Thermal management solution for fully electric heavy-duty truck application

Senior Flexonics Olomouc in the Czech Republic secured a new contract for a fully electric heavy-duty truck application for one of our large European truck customers in 2021. This is the first heavy duty commercial BEV (battery electric vehicle) for this customer. This contract will run for five years and production will start in late 2022. We have designed a complex stainless steel thermal management solution to cool two electric motors for the on-road commercial vehicle.

OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Group revenue

Group revenue was GBP402.2m (H1 2021 - GBP332.8m). Excluding the favourable exchange rate impact of GBP15.2m, Group revenue increased by GBP54.2m (15.6%), of which GBP8.1m related to pricing. Revenue grew in both Aerospace and Flexonics.

Operating profit

Adjusted operating profit increased by GBP7.4m (142.3%) to GBP12.6m (H1 2021 - GBP5.2m). Excluding the favourable exchange rate impact of GBP0.6m, adjusted operating profit increased by GBP6.8m (117.2%) on a constant currency basis. After accounting for GBP2.8m net restructuring income (H1 2021 - GBP0.1m net restructuring cost), reported operating profit was GBP15.4m (H1 2021 - GBP5.1m).

The Group's adjusted operating margin increased by 150 basis points, to 3.1% for the half year. This improved profitability reflected underlying volume related operating leverage across our operating businesses. Inflationary pressures were successfully mitigated by diligently managing costs and by increasing prices and surcharges where possible. Overall price increases of GBP8.1m offset material and other inflationary cost increases of GBP9.4m.

Finance costs and investment income

Finance costs, net of investment income decreased to GBP3.8m (H1 2021 - GBP4.3m) and comprise IFRS 16 interest charge on lease liabilities of GBP1.2m (H1 2021 - GBP1.3m), net finance income on retirement benefits of GBP0.6m (H1 2021 - GBP0.2m) and net interest charge of GBP3.2m (H1 2021 - GBP3.2m). The decrease was mainly due to higher net finance income on the Senior plc UK pension plan.

Tax charge

The adjusted ETR for the year was 9.1% (H1 2021 - 55.6%), being a tax charge of GBP0.8m (H1 2021 - GBP0.5m) on adjusted profit before tax of GBP8.8m (H1 2021 - GBP0.9m). The adjusted ETR reflects the geographic mix of taxable profits and losses in the period and benefits from the impact of prior year item credits, as well as enhanced deductions for R&D expenditure in the US and capital expenditure in the UK, which being proportionately large relative to the underlying tax position resulted in a decrease in ETR for the period.

The reported tax rate was 9.0%, being a tax charge of GBP1.0m on reported profit before tax of GBP11.1m. This included GBP0.2m net tax charge against items excluded from adjusted profit before tax, of which GBP0.1m credit related to the corporate undertakings and GBP0.3m charge related to net restructuring income. The 2021 half year reported tax rate was 12.1%, being a tax charge of GBP2.7m on reported profit before tax of GBP22.3m. This included the tax charge of items excluded from adjusted profit before tax of GBP2.8m and GBP0.6m credit related to the revaluation of UK deferred tax assets at the substantially enacted 25% corporation tax rate effective from 1 April 2023.

Cash tax paid was GBP1.7m (H1 2021 - GBP2.0m) and is stated net of refunds received of GBP1.3m (H1 2021 - GBPnil) relating to tax paid in prior periods, including GBP1.1m in the US arising from Covid-19 relief measures in previous years which resulted in the offset of tax losses against taxable profits of prior periods.

Earnings per share

The weighted average number of shares, for the purposes of calculating undiluted earnings per share, increased to 416.4 million (H1 2021 - 415.5 million). The increase arose principally due to the exercising of share-based payment awards during the first half of 2022. The adjusted earnings per share increased to 1.92 pence (H1 2021 - 0.10 pence). Basic earnings per share was 2.43 pence (H1 2021 - 4.72 pence). See Note 7 for details of the basis of these calculations.

Return on capital employed (ROCE)

ROCE, a key performance indicator for the Group as defined above, increased by 230 basis points to 2.3% (H1 2021 - 0.0%). The increase in ROCE was mainly a result of the increase in adjusted operating profit for the 12 month period to June 2022 compared to prior year.

Cash flow

The Group generated robust free cash flow of GBP19.3m in H1 2022 (H1 2021 - GBP19.2m) as set out in the table below:

 
                                                              H1 2022     H1 2021 
                                                                 GBPm        GBPm 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Operating profit                                                15.4         5.1 
 Net restructuring (income)/costs                               (2.8)         0.1 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Adjusted operating profit                                       12.6         5.2 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Depreciation (including amortisation of software)               24.5        24.2 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Working capital and provisions movement, net of 
  restructuring items                                           (1.2)         5.8 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Pension payments above service cost                            (1.6)       (2.6) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Other items(1)                                                   2.2         0.6 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Interest paid, net                                             (4.1)       (4.2) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Income tax paid, net                                           (1.7)       (2.0) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Capital expenditure                                           (11.5)       (7.9) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Sale of property, plant and equipment                            0.1         0.1 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Free cash flow                                                  19.3        19.2 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Corporate undertakings                                         (0.5)        47.0 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Net restructuring cash paid                                    (1.3)       (3.0) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 US Class action lawsuits                                           -       (2.3) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Net cash flow                                                   17.5        60.9 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Effect of foreign exchange rate changes                       (11.0)         2.9 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 IFRS 16 non-cash additions and modifications                   (2.8)       (5.3) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Change in net debt                                               3.7        58.5 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Opening net debt                                             (153.1)     (205.9) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
 Closing net debt                                             (149.4)     (147.4) 
----------------------------------------------------------  ---------  ---------- 
   (1)    Other items comprises GBP2.2m share-based payment charges (H1 
           2021 - GBP1.8m), GBP(0.1)m profit on share of joint venture (H1 
           2021 - GBP(0.2)m), GBP0.2m working capital and provision currency 
           movements (H1 2021 - GBP(1.0)m) and GBP(0.1)m profit on sale 
           of fixed assets (H1 2021 - GBPnil). 
 
 

Capital expenditure

Gross capital expenditure of GBP11.5m (H1 2021 - GBP7.9m) was 0.6 times depreciation excluding the impact of IFRS 16 (H1 2021 - 0.4 times). The disposal of property, plant and equipment raised GBP0.1m (H1 2021 - GBP0.1m). For the full year 2022, capital investment is expected to be slightly below 2022 depreciation (excluding the impact of IFRS 16).

Working capital

Working capital increased by GBP12.4m in first half of 2022 to GBP115.4m (31 December 2021 - GBP103.0m), of which GBP7.5m related to foreign currency movements. As expected, the underlying increase was reflective of demand recovery underway in our key end markets along with some supply chain lead times increasing. We will continue our relentless and effective focus on working capital management.

Net debt

Net debt which includes IFRS 16 lease liabilities decreased by GBP3.7m to GBP149.4m at 30 June 2022 (31 December 2021 - GBP153.1m). As noted in the cash flow table above, the Group generated net cash inflow of GBP17.5m (defined in Note 12c), partly offset by GBP11.0m adverse foreign currency movements and GBP2.8m non-cash changes in lease liabilities due to additions and modifications.

Net debt excluding IFRS 16 lease liabilities of GBP76.5m (31 December 2021 - GBP73.2m) decreased by GBP7.0m to GBP72.9m at 30 June 2022 (31 December 2021 - GBP79.9m).

Funding and Liquidity

At 30 June 2022, the Group held committed borrowing facilities of GBP300.9m and the Group had headroom of GBP228.0m under these committed facilities. During the first half of 2022, the Group refinanced its US revolving credit facility of $50.0m (GBP41.0m) and extended the maturity to June 2025. Accordingly, the weighted average maturity of the Group's committed facilities is now 2.7 years. Net debt (defined in Note 12c) was GBP149.4m, including GBP76.5m of capitalised leases which do not form part of the definition of debt under the committed facilities and do not impact the Group's lending covenants.

The Group has two covenants for committed borrowing facilities, which are tested at June and December: the Group's net debt to EBITDA (defined in the Notes to the Financial Headlines) must not exceed 3.0x and interest cover, the ratio of EBITDA to interest must be higher than 3.5x. At 30 June 2022, the Group's net debt to EBITDA was 1.3x and interest cover was 8.8x, both comfortably within covenants limits. For all testing periods within the Going Concern Period, there is sufficient headroom to remain within the covenant limits and the Group's committed borrowing facilities, even in a severe but plausible downside scenario.

In the first half, the Group implemented a global cash pooling structure which has enhanced liquidity and cash management, reduced gross debt levels and will help mitigate rising interest costs moving forward.

Going concern basis

The Directors have, at the time of approving these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements, a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements, having undertaken a rigorous assessment of the financial forecasts. Further details are provided in Note 2.

Risks and uncertainties

During the first half of 2022 the principal risks and uncertainties faced by the Group have been reviewed. While the principal risk list has remained relatively unchanged from those set out in detail on pages 50 to 55 of the Annual Report & Accounts 2021 (available at www.seniorplc.com ), certain risks such as Economic and Geopolitical Impact, Supply Chain Challenges and Inflation have intensified as a result of the conflict in Ukraine. Additionally, the Customer Demand and Price-down Pressures principal risk has been split into two separate principal risks to address these elements individually.

The Group's risk and assurance framework continues to serve as an effective foundation from which to monitor and address shifting business conditions in this unsettled economic climate. Additional information regarding the risk and assurance framework is set out on pages 48 and 49 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2021 (available at www.seniorplc.com ).

The Group's principal risks and uncertainties as at 30 June 2022 and for the remaining six months of the financial year are summarised as:

 
Risks and Uncertainties              Descriptions 
STRATEGIC RISKS 
Economic and geopolitical impact     There is an increasing risk that there 
                                      will be a global economic downturn which 
                                      may impact some or all of the sectors 
                                      within which the Group operates. 
                                      Changes in critical trade relations factors, 
                                      such as tariffs, sanctions and exchange 
                                      rates, resulting from geo-political events 
                                      have created uncertainty over the future 
                                      impacts on international trade, including 
                                      export revenues, material availability 
                                      and cost and the ability to employ foreign 
                                      nationals. 
                                      Shifts in political regimes and government 
                                      spending programmes can lead to higher 
                                      taxation which may impact earnings. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Pandemic                             The expansion of global vaccination programmes 
                                      and other measures appear to have furthered 
                                      the progress towards a return to normality. 
                                      Despite the optimism that the worst of 
                                      the COVID-19 pandemic is behind us, the 
                                      Group remains vigilant to the potential 
                                      impacts of future waves of the pandemic 
                                      and will continue to prioritise the health 
                                      and safety of our employees. Focus continues 
                                      on responding to demand increases in a 
                                      controlled way to ensure that the cost 
                                      saving measures introduced in 2020 are 
                                      not undermined. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Climate change                       There is a risk that climate change and/or 
                                      the measures taken to address it may have 
                                      an adverse impact on the Group. Climate 
                                      change may result in extreme weather events 
                                      that may impact on our ability, or that 
                                      of a supplier, to meet our customers' 
                                      requirements. 
                                      Our customers' products may evolve to 
                                      require new technology, such as electrification. 
                                      This also presents an opportunity for 
                                      the Group to be involved in replacement 
                                      technologies. 
                                      Increasing legislation aimed at accelerating 
                                      decarbonisation may increase our operating 
                                      costs. It may also change consumer behaviours 
                                      impacting on our end markets. For example, 
                                      consumers may fly less often. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Implementation of strategy           An inability to implement the Group's 
                                      strategy and/or effectively manage the 
                                      Group's portfolio could have a significant 
                                      impact on the Group's ability to generate 
                                      long-term value for shareholders. 
                                      Ambiguity surrounding the Group's strategy 
                                      and strategic priorities may result in 
                                      investors failing to recognise the value 
                                      of the Group's investment case. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Innovation and technological change  The Group must innovate in order to continue 
                                      to win new business and achieve profitable 
                                      growth. There is a risk that the Group 
                                      does not continue to innovate and implement 
                                      technological change resulting in its 
                                      technology becoming uncompetitive or obsolete. 
                                      New technologies may have an impact on 
                                      the Group's markets, e.g., electric vehicles 
                                      and hydrogen aircraft. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
OPERATIONAL RISKS 
Supply chain challenges              Suppliers may be unable or unwilling to 
                                      respond to increases or decreases in demand, 
                                      impacting our ability to supply our customers 
                                      and/or our ability to optimise inventory. 
                                      Critical materials or components may become 
                                      temporarily or permanently unavailable, 
                                      leading to an inability to meet production 
                                      commitments. 
                                      Supply chain disruption can lead to higher 
                                      volatility in delivery schedules as customers 
                                      adjust demand to protect their production 
                                      capabilities. This may challenge the Group's 
                                      ability to meet customer schedule, quality 
                                      and cost requirements, resulting in potential 
                                      delays, penalties and cost overruns. 
                                      During 2022, the Group has successfully 
                                      implemented a number of mitigating actions 
                                      to counteract supply chain disruptions, 
                                      including increasing safety stock of critical 
                                      materials and components, expanding our 
                                      supplier base to provide alternate material 
                                      sources and enhancing communication with 
                                      customers and suppliers regarding changes 
                                      in demand, lead times and other production 
                                      factors. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Cyber/information security           The risk that the Group is subjected to 
                                      external threats from hackers or viruses 
                                      potentially causing critical or sensitive 
                                      data to be lost, corrupted, made inaccessible, 
                                      or accessed by unauthorised users, resulting 
                                      in financial and/or reputational loss. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Customer demand                      Supply chain constraints, ongoing impacts 
                                      from COVID-19, staffing shortages and 
                                      other labour disruptions may leave customers 
                                      unable to meet current sales commitments 
                                      and/or respond to increases in market 
                                      demands. As a result, there is a risk 
                                      that customers do not honour firm order 
                                      schedules, delay programme ramp-up, postpone 
                                      new programmes or in extreme circumstances, 
                                      go out of business. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Programme management                 The ability to introduce new products 
                                      in line with customer requirements and 
                                      to respond appropriately to increases 
                                      or decreases in demand thereafter is key 
                                      to achieving the Group's strategic objectives. 
                                      There is a risk that the Group is unable 
                                      to respond quickly enough to changes in 
                                      demand, which may result in excess inventory 
                                      and/or an inability to meet schedule and 
                                      cost requirements leading to delays, cost 
                                      overruns or asset write-downs. 
                                      Changes across a variety of production 
                                      requirements, such as fluctuations in 
                                      material supplies, volatility in customer 
                                      ordering and employee retention and training, 
                                      may challenge the Group's ability to maintain 
                                      programme quality specifications, leading 
                                      to the potential for higher costs of quality 
                                      or greater risk of product defects. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Price-down pressures                 Customer pricing pressure is an ongoing 
                                      challenge within our industries, driven 
                                      by the expectations of airlines, land 
                                      vehicle operators and governments seeking 
                                      to purchase more competitively priced 
                                      products in the future. This may put some 
                                      pressure on the Group's future operating 
                                      margins. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
PEOPLE AND CULTURE RISKS 
Talent and skills                    There is a risk that the Group, particularly 
                                      in the US and UK, is unable to attract 
                                      sufficient skills and talent and/or is 
                                      unable to retain the skills and talent 
                                      it has in order to meet demand and/or 
                                      respond to strategic priorities. Margins 
                                      may be impacted by higher wage rates necessary 
                                      to retain current employees and/or attract 
                                      new employees. 
                                      A notable portion of the Group's workforce 
                                      may reach retirement age at the same time, 
                                      creating a gap in skills and labour availability. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
FINANCIAL RISKS 
Inflation                            Inflationary pressures stemming from a 
                                      confluence of labour constraints, supply 
                                      chain disruptions and shifting customer 
                                      demand could result in a reduction of 
                                      earnings from existing programmes if the 
                                      Group is unable to secure mitigating price 
                                      adjustments from customers. 
                                      Higher production costs resulting from 
                                      material, energy and labour cost inflation 
                                      can reduce our ability to remain cost 
                                      competitive and win new business. 
                                      Inflationary pressures may result in higher 
                                      interest rates which could impact the 
                                      Group's earnings. 
                                      During 2022, the Group has deployed a 
                                      variety of strategies to mitigate the 
                                      impacts of rising inflation, including 
                                      negotiating selling price adjustments 
                                      with customers (where there is no pass 
                                      through mechanism), utilising alternate 
                                      supply sources and implementing efficiency 
                                      improvement projects to contain labour 
                                      and energy cost escalations. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
Financing and liquidity              The Group could have insufficient financial 
                                      resources to fund its growth strategy 
                                      or meet its financial obligations as they 
                                      fall due or insufficient liquidity to 
                                      meet financing covenants. 
                                      Foreign exchange impacts could have a 
                                      material impact on the Group's financial 
                                      performance, both on the balance sheet 
                                      (translation risk) and income statement 
                                      (transaction risk). 
                                      The Group is in a strong financial position 
                                      at the end of June 2022. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
COMPLIANCE RISKS 
Corporate governance breach          Corporate governance legislation (such 
                                      as the UK Bribery Act and the US Foreign 
                                      Corrupt Practices Act), regulations and 
                                      guidance (such as the UK Corporate Governance 
                                      Code and global health and safety regulations) 
                                      are increasingly complex and onerous. 
                                      A serious breach of these rules and regulations 
                                      could have a significant impact on the 
                                      Group's reputation, lead to a loss of 
                                      confidence on the part of investors, customers 
                                      or other stakeholders and ultimately have 
                                      a material adverse impact on the Group's 
                                      enterprise value. In 2022, we are providing 
                                      relevant training to all employees across 
                                      the Group. 
                                     -------------------------------------------------- 
 

In response to the risks and uncertainties, the Board has established a range of mitigating actions that are set out in detail on pages 50 to 55 of the Annual Report & Accounts 2021 (available at www.seniorplc.com ). These are reviewed and updated regularly.

Responsibility statement of the Directors in respect of the half-yearly financial report

We confirm that to the best of our knowledge:

 
 1.   the condensed set of financial statements has been prepared in 
       accordance with IAS 34 "Interim Financial Reporting" as adopted 
       for use by the UK; 
 2.   the Interim Management Report herein includes a fair review of 
       the information required by: 
       a) DTR 4.2.7R of the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, 
       being an indication of important events that have occurred during 
       the first six months of the financial year and their impact on 
       the condensed set of financial statements; and a description 
       of the principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six 
       months of the year; and 
       b) DTR 4.2.8R of the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, 
       being related party transactions that have taken place in the 
       first six months of the current financial year and that have 
       materially affected the financial position or performance of 
       the entity during that period; and any changes in the related 
       party transactions described in the last annual report that could 
       do so. 
 

By Order of the Board

 
 David Squires                   Bindi Foyle 
 David Squires                   Bindi Foyle 
 Group Chief Executive Officer   Group Finance Director 
 29 July 2022                    29 July 2022 
 

INDEPENT REVIEW REPORT TO SENIOR PLC

Conclusion

We have been engaged by the company to review the condensed set of financial statements in the half-yearly financial report for the six months ended 30 June 2022 which comprises the Condensed Consolidated Income Statement, the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Statement, the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Condensed Consolidated Cash Flow Statement, and the related explanatory notes.

Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the condensed set of financial statements in the half-yearly financial report for the six months ended 30 June 2022 is not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting as adopted for use in the UK and the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules ("the DTR") of the UK's Financial Conduct Authority ("the UK FCA").

Basis for conclusion

We conducted our review in accordance with International Standard on Review Engagements (UK) 2410 Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity ("ISRE (UK) 2410") issued for use in the UK. A review of interim financial information consists of making enquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. We read the other information contained in the half-yearly financial report and consider whether it contains any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the information in the condensed set of financial statements.

A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

Based on our review procedures, which are less extensive than those performed in an audit as described in the Basis of conclusion section of this report, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the directors have inappropriately adopted the going concern basis of accounting, or that the directors have identified material uncertainties relating to going concern that have not been appropriately disclosed.

This conclusion is based on the review procedures performed in accordance with ISRE (UK) 2410. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern, and the above conclusions are not a guarantee that the Group will continue in operation.

Directors' responsibilities

The half-yearly financial report is the responsibility of, and has been approved by, the directors. The directors are responsible for preparing the half-yearly financial report in accordance with the DTR of the UK FCA.

As disclosed in Note 2, the Annual Financial Statements of the Group are prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards.

The directors are responsible for preparing the condensed set of financial statements included in the half-yearly financial report in accordance with IAS 34 as adopted for use in the UK.

In preparing the condensed set of financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Our responsibility

Our responsibility is to express to the company a conclusion on the condensed set of financial statements in the half-yearly financial report based on our review. Our conclusion, including our conclusions relating to going concern, are based on procedures that are less extensive than audit procedures, as described in the Basis for conclusion section of this report.

The purpose of our review work and to whom we owe our responsibilities

This report is made solely to the company in accordance with the terms of our engagement to assist the company in meeting the requirements of the DTR of the UK FCA. Our review has been undertaken so that we might state to the company those matters we are required to state to it in this report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company for our review work, for this report, or for the conclusions we have reached.

Mike Barradell

for and on behalf of KPMG LLP

Chartered Accountants

15 Canada Square, London, E14 5GL

29 July 2022

Condensed Consolidated Income Statement

For the half-year ended 30 June 2022

 
                                          Half-year   Half-year      Year 
                                              ended       ended     ended 
                                            30 June     30 June    31 Dec 
                                  Notes        2022        2021      2021 
                                               GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 Revenue                            3         402.2       332.8     658.7 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Trading profit                     3          15.3         4.9      10.3 
 Share of joint venture profit      9           0.1         0.2       0.2 
 Operating profit (1)               3          15.4         5.1      10.5 
 Investment income                              0.7         0.2       0.5 
 Finance costs                                (4.5)       (4.5)     (8.5) 
 Corporate undertakings             4         (0.5)        21.5      21.2 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Profit before tax (2)                         11.1        22.3      23.7 
 Tax (charge)/credit                5         (1.0)       (2.7)       0.5 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Profit for the period                         10.1        19.6      24.2 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Attributable to: 
 Equity holders of the parent                  10.1        19.6      24.2 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Earnings per share 
 Basic (3)                          7         2.43p       4.72p     5.82p 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Diluted (4)                        7         2.37p       4.65p     5.73p 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 
 
  (1) Adjusted operating profit         4     12.6      5.2      6.1 
  (2) Adjusted profit/(loss) before 
   tax                                  4      8.8      0.9    (1.9) 
  (3) Adjusted earnings per share       7    1.92p    0.10p    0.17p 
  (4) Adjusted and diluted earnings 
   per share                            7    1.88p    0.09p    0.17p 
------------------------------------  ---  -------  -------  ------- 
 

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

For the half-year ended 30 June 2022

 
                                            Half-year   Half-year      Year 
                                                ended       ended     ended 
                                              30 June     30 June    31 Dec 
                                                 2022        2021      2021 
                                                 GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 Profit for the period                           10.1        19.6      24.2 
 Other comprehensive income: 
 Items that may be reclassified 
  subsequently to profit or loss: 
 Losses on foreign exchange contracts- 
  cash flow hedges during the period            (6.5)       (0.6)     (2.1) 
 Reclassification adjustments for 
  losses/(gains) included in profit               1.3       (0.7)     (1.3) 
                                           ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Losses on foreign exchange contracts- 
  cash flow hedges                              (5.2)       (1.3)     (3.4) 
 Foreign exchange gain recycled 
  to the Income Statement on disposal 
  and restructuring (business closures)             -       (2.9)     (2.9) 
 Exchange differences on translation 
  of overseas operations                         22.2       (6.9)     (3.8) 
 Tax relating to items that may 
  be reclassified                                 1.2         0.3       0.8 
                                           ----------  ----------  -------- 
                                                 18.2      (10.8)     (9.3) 
 Items that will not be reclassified 
  subsequently to profit or loss: 
 Actuarial (losses)/gains on defined 
  benefit pension schemes                      (15.1)         8.3      19.7 
 Tax relating to items that will 
  not be reclassified                             3.8       (3.6)     (6.4) 
                                           ----------  ----------  -------- 
                                               (11.3)         4.7      13.3 
 Other comprehensive income/(expense) 
  for the period, net of tax                      6.9       (6.1)       4.0 
                                           ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Total comprehensive income for 
  the period                                     17.0        13.5      28.2 
                                           ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Attributable to: 
 Equity holders of the parent                    17.0        13.5      28.2 
                                           ----------  ----------  -------- 
 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet

 
 As at 30 June 2022                            30 June   30 June 
                                       Notes      2022      2021   31 Dec 2021 
                                                  GBPm      GBPm          GBPm 
 Non-current assets 
 Goodwill                                8       157.1     148.8         150.2 
 Other intangible assets                           4.3       4.1           4.2 
 Investment in joint venture             9         4.2       3.8           3.9 
 Property, plant and equipment          10       304.1     303.0         294.6 
 Deferred tax assets                               8.7       4.5           5.7 
 Retirement benefits                    11        58.5      57.2          72.2 
 Trade and other receivables                       0.1       0.1           0.1 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Total non-current assets                        537.0     521.5         530.9 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Current assets 
 Inventories                                     163.3     138.5         145.2 
 Current tax receivables                           2.8       3.1           2.6 
 Trade and other receivables                     133.7      97.3          98.0 
 Cash and bank balances                12c)       82.6      60.0          51.1 
 Assets classified as held for sale                  -       2.3             - 
 Total current assets                            382.4     301.2         296.9 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Total assets                                    919.4     822.7         827.8 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Current liabilities 
 Trade and other payables                        190.4     142.2         143.0 
 Current tax liabilities                          15.9      19.0          14.6 
 Lease liabilities                     12c)       11.3       0.5           0.4 
 Bank overdrafts and loans             12c)       31.3       1.3          14.8 
 Provisions                             14        12.9      19.2          13.8 
 Total current liabilities                       261.8     182.2         186.6 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Non-current liabilities 
 Bank and other loans                  12c)      124.2     129.7         116.2 
 Retirement benefits                    11        10.8      10.1          11.0 
 Deferred tax liabilities                          7.0      10.1          10.5 
 Lease liabilities                     12c)       65.2      75.9          72.8 
 Provisions                             14         2.9       2.4           2.2 
 Others                                            3.2       3.6           3.4 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Total non-current liabilities                   213.3     231.8         216.1 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Total liabilities                               475.1     414.0         402.7 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Net assets                                      444.3     408.7         425.1 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Equity 
 Issued share capital                   15        41.9      41.9          41.9 
 Share premium account                            14.8      14.8          14.8 
 Equity reserve                                    5.5       4.1           5.8 
 Hedging and translation reserve                  46.8      27.1          28.6 
 Retained earnings                               342.6     330.0         343.2 
 Own Shares                                      (7.3)     (9.2)         (9.2) 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Equity attributable to equity 
  holders of the parent                          444.3     408.7         425.1 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 Total equity                                    444.3     408.7         425.1 
                                              --------  --------  ------------ 
 

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

For the half-year ended 30 June 2022

 
                                                                All equity is attributable to equity 
                                                                        holders of the parent 
                                      Issued     Share 
                                       share   premium    Equity   Hedging   Translation   Retained       Own    Total 
                                     capital   account   reserve   reserve       reserve   earnings    shares   equity 
                                        GBPm      GBPm      GBPm      GBPm          GBPm       GBPm      GBPm     GBPm 
 Balance at 1 January 2021              41.9      14.8       5.1    (37.2)          75.1      305.1    (11.5)    393.3 
                                    --------  --------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------  --------  ------- 
 Profit for the period                     -         -         -         -             -       24.2         -     24.2 
 Losses on foreign exchange 
  contracts- cash flow hedges              -         -         -     (3.4)             -          -         -    (3.4) 
 Foreign exchange loss/(gain) 
  recycled to the Income Statement 
  on disposal                              -         -         -       2.6         (5.5)          -         -    (2.9) 
 Exchange differences on 
  translation of overseas 
  operations                               -         -         -         -         (3.8)          -         -    (3.8) 
 Actuarial gains on defined 
  benefit pension schemes                  -         -         -         -             -       19.7         -     19.7 
 Tax relating to components of 
  other comprehensive income               -         -         -       0.8             -      (6.4)         -    (5.6) 
                                    --------  --------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------  --------  ------- 
 Total comprehensive 
  (expense)/income for the period          -         -         -         -         (9.3)       37.5         -     28.2 
 Share-based payment charge                -         -       3.5         -             -          -         -      3.5 
 Tax relating to share-based 
  payments                                 -         -         -         -             -        0.1         -      0.1 
 Use of shares held by employee 
  benefit trust                            -         -         -         -             -      (2.3)       2.3        - 
 Transfer to retained earnings             -         -     (2.8)         -             -        2.8         -        - 
 Balance at 31 December 2021            41.9      14.8       5.8    (37.2)          65.8      343.2     (9.2)    425.1 
                                    --------  --------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------  --------  ------- 
 Profit for the period                     -         -         -         -             -       10.1         -     10.1 
 Losses on foreign exchange 
  contracts- cash flow hedges              -         -         -     (5.2)             -          -         -    (5.2) 
 Exchange differences on 
  translation of overseas 
  operations                               -         -         -         -          22.2          -         -     22.2 
 Actuarial losses on defined 
  benefit pension schemes                  -         -         -         -             -     (15.1)         -   (15.1) 
 Tax relating to components of 
  other comprehensive income               -         -         -       1.2             -        3.8         -      5.0 
                                    --------  --------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------  --------  ------- 
 Total comprehensive 
  (expense)/income for the period          -         -         -     (4.0)          22.2      (1.2)         -     17.0 
 Share-based payment charge                -         -       2.2         -             -          -         -      2.2 
 Use of shares held by employee 
  benefit trust                            -         -         -         -             -      (1.9)       1.9        - 
 Transfer to retained earnings             -         -     (2.5)         -             -        2.5         -        - 
 Balance at 30 June 2022                41.9      14.8       5.5    (41.2)          88.0      342.6     (7.3)    444.3 
                                    --------  --------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------  --------  ------- 
 
 
                                                            All equity is attributable to equity holders 
                                                                            of the parent 
                                      Issued     Share 
                                       share   premium    Equity   Hedging   Translation   Retained       Own    Total 
                                     capital   account   reserve   reserve       reserve   earnings    shares   equity 
                                        GBPm      GBPm      GBPm      GBPm          GBPm       GBPm      GBPm     GBPm 
 Balance at 1 January 2021              41.9      14.8       5.1    (37.2)          75.1      305.1    (11.5)    393.3 
                                    --------  --------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------  --------  ------- 
 Profit for the period                     -         -         -         -             -       19.6         -     19.6 
 Losses on foreign exchange 
  contracts- cash flow hedges              -         -         -     (1.3)             -          -         -    (1.3) 
 Exchange differences on 
  translation of overseas 
  operations                               -         -         -         -         (6.9)          -         -    (6.9) 
 Foreign exchange loss/(gain) 
  recycled to the Income Statement 
  on disposal                              -         -         -       2.6         (5.5)          -         -    (2.9) 
 Actuarial gains on defined 
  benefit pension schemes                  -         -         -         -             -        8.3         -      8.3 
 Tax relating to components of 
  other comprehensive income               -         -         -       0.3             -      (3.6)         -    (3.3) 
 Total comprehensive 
  income/(expense) for the period          -         -         -       1.6        (12.4)       24.3         -     13.5 
 Share-based payment charge                -         -       1.8         -             -          -         -      1.8 
 Tax relating to share-based 
  payments                                 -         -         -         -             -        0.1         -      0.1 
 Use of shares held by employee 
  benefit trust                            -         -         -         -             -      (2.3)       2.3        - 
 Transfer to retained earnings             -         -     (2.8)         -             -        2.8         -        - 
 Balance at 30 June 2021                41.9      14.8       4.1    (35.6)          62.7      330.0     (9.2)    408.7 
                                    --------  --------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------  --------  ------- 
 

Condensed Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

For the half-year ended 30 June 2022

 
                                                   Half-year   Half-year      Year 
                                                       ended       ended     ended 
                                                     30 June     30 June    31 Dec 
                                           Notes        2022        2021      2021 
                                                        GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 Net cash from operating activities        12a)         28.8        17.2      27.0 
                                                  ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Investing activities 
 Interest received                                       0.1           -       0.1 
 Proceeds on disposal of property, 
  plant and equipment                                    0.1         0.1       0.2 
 Purchases of property, plant and 
  equipment                                           (10.9)       (7.5)    (20.2) 
 Purchases of intangible assets                        (0.6)       (0.4)     (1.1) 
 Proceeds on disposal of businesses 
  net of cash balances                      13             -        51.5      51.7 
 Net cash (used)/generated in investing 
  activities                                          (11.3)        43.7      30.7 
                                                  ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Financing activities 
 New loans                                              13.9        19.7      20.0 
 Repayment of borrowings                              (13.6)      (40.9)    (41.1) 
 Repayment of lease liabilities                        (4.4)       (4.0)     (8.4) 
 Net cash used in financing activities                 (4.1)      (25.2)    (29.5) 
                                                  ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Net increase in cash and cash 
  equivalents                                           13.4        35.7      28.2 
 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning 
  of period                                             51.1        23.2      23.2 
 Effect of foreign exchange rate 
  changes                                                3.2       (0.2)     (0.3) 
                                                  ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Cash and cash equivalents at end 
  of period                                12c)         67.7        58.7      51.1 
                                                  ----------  ----------  -------- 
 

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

1. General information

These Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of Senior plc ("the Group"), which were approved by the Board of Directors on 29 July 2022, have been reviewed by KPMG LLP, the Group's auditor, whose report is set out after the Directors' Responsibility Statement.

The comparative figures for the year ended 31 December 2021 do not constitute the Group's statutory accounts for 2021 as defined in Section 434(3) of the Companies Act 2006. Statutory accounts for 2021 have been delivered to the Registrar of Companies. The auditor's report on those accounts was unqualified, did not draw attention to any matters by way of emphasis and did not contain statements under Sections 498(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.

2. Accounting policies

Basis of preparation

These Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the Financial Conduct Authority and with IAS 34 "Interim Financial Reporting" as adopted for use by the UK.

The Annual Financial Statements of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2022 will be prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards. As required by the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the Financial Conduct Authority, these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements have been prepared applying the accounting policies and presentation that were applied in the preparation of the published Annual Financial Statements of the Group as at and for the year ended 31 December 2021, which were prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards.

These Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements do not include all the information required for full Annual Financial Statements and should be read in conjunction with the Annual Financial Statements of the Group as at and for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Going Concern

The Directors have, at the time of approving these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements, a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, being a period of at least 12 months from this reporting date (the "Going Concern Period"). Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements, having undertaken a rigorous assessment of the financial forecasts.

The Board has considered projections, including severe but plausible downsides covering a period of at least 12 months from the date of this report based on the experiences over recent years, including the strong trading performance in the first half of 2022 coupled with our core markets showing good growth as activity levels pick up, as outlined in the Interim Management Report review. These projections are borne out of extensive scenario testing, based on a variety of end market assumptions, while taking account of appropriate mitigating actions within the direct control of the Group.

The Group has two covenants for committed borrowing facilities, which are tested at June and December: the Group's net debt to EBITDA (defined in the Notes to the Financial Headlines) must not exceed 3.0x and interest cover, the ratio of EBITDA to interest must be higher than 3.5x. At 30 June 2022, the Group's net debt to EBITDA was 1.3x and interest cover was 8.8x, both comfortably within covenants limits. The Group's liquidity headroom at 30 June 2022 was GBP228m. For all testing periods within the Going Concern Period, there is sufficient headroom to remain within the covenant limits and the Group's committed borrowing facilities, even in a severe but plausible downside scenario.

Based on the above assessment, the Board has concluded that the Group will continue to have adequate financial resources to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities as they fall due over the Going Concern Period. Accordingly, the Directors have formed the judgement that it is appropriate to prepare these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements on the going concern basis.

New policies and standards

The accounting policies, presentation and methods of computation adopted in the preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements are consistent with those followed in the preparation of the Group's Annual Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2021, which were prepared in accordance in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards.

At the date of authorisation of these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements , several new standards and amendments to existing standards have been issued, some of which are effective. None of these standards and amendments have a material impact on the Group.

The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expense. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The Group's latest Annual Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2021, which are available via Senior's website www.seniorplc.com , set out the key sources of estimation uncertainty and the critical judgements that were made in preparing those Financial Statements.

3. Segmental analysis

The Group reports its segment information as two operating divisions according to the market segments they serve, Aerospace and Flexonics, which is consistent with the oversight employed by the Executive Committee. The chief operating decision maker, as defined by IFRS 8, is the Executive Committee. The Group is managed on the same basis, as two operating divisions.

Business Segments

Segment information for revenue and operating profit and a reconciliation to the Group profit after tax is presented below:

 
                                            Eliminations                                      Eliminations 
                                               / central                                         / central 
                     Aerospace   Flexonics         costs       Total   Aerospace   Flexonics         costs       Total 
                     Half-year   Half-year     Half-year   Half-year   Half-year   Half-year     Half-year   Half-year 
                         ended       ended         ended       ended       ended       ended         ended       ended 
                       30 June     30 June       30 June     30 June     30 June     30 June       30 June     30 June 
                          2022        2022          2022        2022        2021        2021          2021        2021 
                          GBPm        GBPm          GBPm        GBPm        GBPm        GBPm          GBPm        GBPm 
 External revenue        264.4       137.8             -       402.2       222.8       110.0             -       332.8 
 Inter-segment 
  revenue                  0.1         0.1         (0.2)           -         0.3           -         (0.3)           - 
                    ----------  ----------  ------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ------------  ---------- 
 Total revenue           264.5       137.9         (0.2)       402.2       223.1       110.0         (0.3)       332.8 
                    ----------  ----------  ------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ------------  ---------- 
 Adjusted trading 
  profit                   9.8        11.3         (8.6)        12.5         5.1         7.4         (7.5)         5.0 
 Share of joint 
  venture profit             -         0.1             -         0.1           -         0.2             -         0.2 
                    ----------  ----------  ------------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ------------  ---------- 
 Adjusted 
  operating 
  profit                   9.8        11.4         (8.6)        12.6         5.1         7.6         (7.5)         5.2 
 Net restructuring 
  income/(costs)           2.8           -             -         2.8       (0.6)         0.5             -       (0.1) 
 Operating profit         12.6        11.4         (8.6)        15.4         4.5         8.1         (7.5)         5.1 
                    ----------  ----------  ------------              ----------  ----------  ------------ 
 Investment income                                               0.7                                               0.2 
 Finance costs                                                 (4.5)                                             (4.5) 
 Corporate 
  undertakings                                                 (0.5)                                              21.5 
                                                          ----------                                        ---------- 
 Profit before 
  tax                                                           11.1                                              22.3 
 Tax charge                                                    (1.0)                                             (2.7) 
                                                          ----------                                        ---------- 
 Profit after 
  tax                                                           10.1                                              19.6 
                                                          ----------                                        ---------- 
 

Trading profit and adjusted trading profit is operating profit and adjusted operating profit respectively before share of joint venture profit. See Note 4 for the derivation of adjusted operating profit.

Segment information for assets and liabilities is presented below.

 
                                           30 June   30 June   31 Dec 
                                              2022      2021     2021 
 Assets                                       GBPm      GBPm     GBPm 
 Aerospace                                   551.5     515.2    506.6 
 Flexonics                                   210.4     177.9    184.9 
 Segment assets for reportable segments      761.9     693.1    691.5 
 Unallocated 
 Central                                       4.8       4.5      4.6 
 Cash                                         82.6      60.0     51.1 
 Deferred and current tax                     11.5       7.6      8.3 
 Retirement benefits                          58.5      57.2     72.2 
 Others                                        0.1       0.3      0.1 
                                          --------  --------  ------- 
 Total assets per Consolidated Balance 
  Sheet                                      919.4     822.7    827.8 
                                          --------  --------  ------- 
 
 
                                                30 June   30 June   31 Dec 
                                                   2022      2021     2021 
 Liabilities                                       GBPm      GBPm     GBPm 
 Aerospace                                        179.1     151.7    148.1 
 Flexonics                                         82.4      66.0     63.9 
 Segment liabilities for reportable segments      261.5     217.7    212.0 
 Unallocated 
 Central                                           16.1      17.6     15.4 
 Loans and overdrafts                             155.5     131.0    131.0 
 Deferred and current tax                          22.9      29.1     25.1 
 Retirement benefits                               10.8      10.1     11.0 
 Others                                             8.3       8.5      8.2 
                                               --------  --------  ------- 
 Total liabilities per Consolidated Balance 
  Sheet                                           475.1     414.0    402.7 
                                               --------  --------  ------- 
 

Total revenue is disaggregated by market sectors as follows:

 
                    Half-year   Half-year      Year 
                        ended       ended     ended 
                      30 June     30 June    31 Dec 
                         2022        2021      2021 
                         GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 Civil Aerospace        161.3       117.2     244.5 
 Defence                 59.7        71.2     125.0 
 Other                   43.5        34.7      69.8 
                   ----------  ----------  -------- 
 Aerospace              264.5       223.1     439.3 
 
 Land Vehicles           75.7        59.4     118.8 
 Power & Energy          62.2        50.6     101.1 
 Flexonics              137.9       110.0     219.9 
 
 Eliminations           (0.2)       (0.3)     (0.5) 
 Total revenue          402.2       332.8     658.7 
                   ----------  ----------  -------- 
 

Other Aerospace comprises space and other markets, principally including semiconductor equipment, medical and industrial applications.

4. Adjusted operating profit and adjusted profit before tax

The presentation of adjusted operating profit and adjusted profit before tax measures, derived in accordance with the table below, has been included to identify the performance of the Group prior to the impact of net restructuring income/cost and the income and costs associated with corporate undertakings. The adjustments are made on a consistent basis and also reflect how the business is managed on a day-to-day basis.

The Group implemented a restructuring programme in 2019, which continued through 2020 and 2021 in response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on some of the Group's end markets. Some residual restructuring activity has continued in 2022. Corporate undertakings relate to business acquisition costs, gain on disposal of a business, bid defence and other costs relating to corporate activities. None of these charges are reflective of in-year performance. Therefore, they are excluded by the Board and Executive Committee when measuring the operating performance of the businesses.

 
                                          Half-year   Half-year      Year 
                                              ended       ended     ended 
                                            30 June     30 June    31 Dec 
                                               2022        2021      2021 
                                               GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 Operating profit                              15.4         5.1      10.5 
 Net restructuring (income)/costs             (2.8)         0.1     (4.4) 
 Adjusted operating profit                     12.6         5.2       6.1 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 
 Profit before tax 
  rofit before tax                             11.1        22.3      23.7 
 Adjustments to profit/loss before tax 
  as above                                    (2.8)         0.1     (4.4) 
 Corporate undertakings                         0.5      (21.5)    (21.2) 
 Adjusted profit/(loss) before tax              8.8         0.9     (1.9) 
                                         ----------  ----------  -------- 
 

Net restructuring income/costs

The Group focused on taking actions to conserve cash to manage through the pandemic, including curtailing capital expenditure, tightly managing working capital and implementing further cost cutting actions. The decisive actions taken on restructuring and cost management over the last couple of years has delivered the expected benefits. In addition, the Group has continued to review inventory and asset exposures on programmes that have been reduced, cancelled or where the Group will no longer participate. As part of the restructuring focus, we have assessed critically any inventory or asset exposures on these programmes and written down the carrying values on excess holdings and assets where there is no alternate use. Where demand has picked up on previously reduced or cancelled programmes, inventory impairments have been reversed to the extent that there are confirmed orders in place.

The restructuring resulted in net income of GBP2.8m (H1 2021: GBP0.1m net charge). Of this, GBP3.4m income (H1 2021: GBPnil) related to an aerospace manufacturing grant and GBP0.8m cost related to consultancy and other activities (H1 2021: GBP1.4m including headcount). For certain specific programmes, and in conjunction with the focus on restructuring, management has also identified inventory impairment reversals of GBP1.5m (H1 2021: GBP0.9m) where customer demand has increased, and further impairment provisions on property, plant and equipment in 2022 with a charge of GBP1.3m (H1 2021: GBPnil) to cover the risk where there are no alternative uses. H1 2021 also included a net credit of GBP0.4m related to disposal and property, plant and equipment.

Net cash outflow related to restructuring activities was GBP1.3m (H1 2021: GBP3.0m). At 30 June 2022, a restructuring provision of GBP0.9m (30 June 2021: GBP6.1m; 31 December 2021: GBP1.3m) was recognised and is expected to be utilised in the second half of 2022.

Corporate undertakings

In the half-year ended 30 June 2022, the Group recorded GBP0.3m costs related to the acquisition of Spencer Aerospace and GBP0.2m costs relating to other corporate activities in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statement (Half year ended 30 June 2021: GBP24.2m gain on disposal of Senior Aerospace Connecticut and GBP2.7m bid defence and costs relating to other corporate activities). See note 13 for further details.

5. Tax charge

 
                                  Half-year   Half-year 
                                      ended       ended 
                                    30 June     30 June 
                                       2022        2021 
                                       GBPm        GBPm 
 Current tax: 
 Current year charge                    2.1         1.1 
 Irrecoverable withholding tax          0.2         0.2 
 Prior year items                     (0.2)           - 
                                 ----------  ---------- 
                                        2.1         1.3 
 Deferred tax: 
 Current year charge                  (0.9)         1.4 
 Prior year items                     (0.2)           - 
                                 ----------  ---------- 
                                      (1.1)         1.4 
 Total tax charge                       1.0         2.7 
                                 ----------  ---------- 
 

Tax for the half-year ended 30 June 2022 is calculated at 9.0% (H1 2021: 12.1%) on the profit before tax, representing the half-year allocation of the estimated weighted average annual tax rate expected for the full financial year in accordance with IAS 34. The estimated tax rate is weighted to reflect the tax impact of significant events taking place during the interim period.

In the half-year ended 30 June 2021 a deferred tax credit of GBP0.6m was recognised in the Income Statement and GBP2.0m deferred tax charge was recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income following the substantial enactment on 24(th) May 2021 of a change in UK tax rate from 19% to 25% effective from 1 April 2023.

The group is paying close attention to proposals under Pillar 2 of the OECD's Base Erosion Profit Shifting (BEPS) project and the impact this may have on the group's future tax position. The Group does not consider that changes to international tax legislation to effect these proposals is likely to have a significant impact on its tax position.

6. Dividends

No dividends were recorded in the current or prior period.

An Interim dividend for the year ending 31 December 2022 of 0.3 pence per share, estimated cost GBP1.3m, was approved by the Board of Directors on 29 July 2022 and has not been included as a liability in these Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements, in accordance with the requirements of IFRS.

7. Earnings per share

The calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share is based on the following data:

 
                                                   Half-year   Half-year 
                                                       ended       ended 
                                                     30 June     30 June 
                                                        2022        2021 
 Number of shares                                    million     million 
 Weighted average number of ordinary shares for 
  the purposes of basic earnings per share             416.4       415.5 
 Effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares: 
 Share options                                          10.1         6.2 
                                                  ----------  ---------- 
 Weighted average number of ordinary shares for 
  the purposes of diluted earnings per share           426.5       421.7 
                                                  ----------  ---------- 
 
 
                                     Half-year   Half-year   Half-year   Half-year 
                                         ended       ended       ended       ended 
                                       30 June     30 June     30 June     30 June 
                                          2022        2022        2021        2021 
                                      Earnings         EPS    Earnings         EPS 
 Earnings and earnings per share 
  ("EPS")                                 GBPm       Pence        GBPm       Pence 
 Profit for the period                    10.1        2.43        19.6        4.72 
 Adjust: 
 Net restructuring (income)/cost 
  net of tax of GBP0.3m (H1 2021: 
  GBP0.2m credit)                        (2.5)      (0.61)       (0.1)      (0.03) 
 Corporate undertakings net 
  of tax of GBP0.1m (H1 2021: 
  GBP3.0m)                                 0.4        0.10      (18.5)      (4.45) 
 Non-cash deferred tax credit                -           -       (0.6)      (0.14) 
 Adjusted earnings after tax               8.0        1.92         0.4        0.10 
                                    ----------  ----------  ----------  ---------- 
 Earnings per share 
 - basic                                                         2.43p       4.72p 
 - diluted                                                       2.37p       4.65p 
 - adjusted                                                      1.92p       0.10p 
 - adjusted and diluted                                          1.88p       0.09p 
 

The denominators used for all basic, diluted and adjusted earnings per share are as detailed in the table above.

The presentation of adjusted earnings per share, derived in accordance with the table above, has been included to identify the performance of the Group prior to the impact of net restructuring income/cost, corporate undertakings and a non-cash deferred tax credit (See Note 4 and Note 5 for further details).

The impact of these items have been excluded from adjusted earnings after tax and adjusted earnings per share in line with the Board adopted policy to separately disclose those items, where significant in size, that it considers are outside the earnings for the particular year under review and against which the Board measures and assesses the performance of the business.

8. Goodwill

The change in goodwill from GBP150.2m at 31 December 2021 to GBP157.1m at 30 June 2022 reflects an increase of GBP6.9m due to foreign exchange differences.

The Group tests goodwill annually for impairment or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill might be impaired. No such indicators have been identified at 30 June 2022.

9. Investment in joint venture

The Group has a 49% interest in Senior Flexonics Technologies (Wuhan) Limited, a jointly controlled entity incorporated in China. The Group's investment of GBP4.2m (30 June 2021: GBP3.8m; 31 December 2021: GBP3.9m) represents the Group's share of the joint venture's net assets as at 30 June 2022.

10. Property, plant and equipment

During the period, the Group invested GBP10.9m (H1 2021: GBP7.5m) on the acquisition of property, plant and equipment (excluding right-of-use assets). The Group also disposed of machinery with a carrying value of GBPnil (H1 2021: GBP0.1m) for proceeds of GBP0.1m (H1 2021: GBP0.1m).

At 30 June 2022, right-of-use assets were GBP69.6m (30 June 2021: GBP71.8m; 31 December 2021: GBP67.4m). Right-of-use asset depreciation was GBP5.1m for the six months ending 30 June 2022 (H1 2021: GBP4.7m).

11. Retirement benefit schemes

Aggregate retirement benefit liabilities of GBP10.8m (30 June 2021: GBP10.1m; 31 December 2021: GBP11.0m) comprise the Group's US defined benefit pension funded schemes with a total deficit of GBP5.0m (30 June 2021: GBP4.3m; 31 December 2021: GBP5.3m) and other unfunded schemes, with a deficit of GBP5.8m (30 June 2021: GBP5.8m; 31 December 2021 : GBP5.7m).

The retirement benefit surplus of GBP58.5m (30 June 2021: GBP57.2m; 31 December 2021: GBP72.2m) comprises the Group's UK defined benefit pension funded scheme. The liability and asset values of the funded schemes have been assessed by independent actuaries using current market values and discount rates.

12. Notes to the Cash Flow Statement

a) Reconciliation of operating profit to net cash from operating activities

 
                                                                 Half-year   Half-year 
                                                                     ended       ended 
                                                                   30 June     30 June 
                                                                      2022        2021 
                                                                      GBPm        GBPm 
 Operating profit                                                     15.4         5.1 
 Adjustments for: 
            Depreciation of property, plant and equipment             23.7        23.4 
            Amortisation of intangible assets                          0.8         0.8 
            Share of joint venture                                   (0.1)       (0.2) 
            Share-based payment charges                                2.2         1.8 
            Profit on sale of fixed assets                           (0.1)           - 
            Pension payments in excess of service cost               (1.6)       (2.6) 
            Corporate undertaking costs                              (0.5)       (4.5) 
            Increase in inventories                                  (7.3)       (1.5) 
            Increase in receivables                                 (27.9)      (15.3) 
            Increase in payables and provisions                       28.6        19.2 
            US class action lawsuits                                     -       (2.3) 
            Restructuring impairment of property, plant and 
             equipment                                                 1.3         0.5 
            Working capital and provisions currency movements          0.2       (1.0) 
 Cash generated by operations                                         34.7        23.4 
 Income taxes paid                                                   (1.7)       (2.0) 
 Interest paid                                                       (4.2)       (4.2) 
                                                                ----------  ---------- 
 Net cash from operating activities                                   28.8        17.2 
                                                                ----------  ---------- 
 

b) Free cash flow

Free cash flow, a non-statutory item, enhances the reporting of the cash-generating ability of the Group prior to corporate activity such as corporate undertakings, net restructuring cash flows, payments related to previously reported US class action lawsuits, financing and transactions with shareholders. It is derived as follows:

 
                                                                           Half-year   Half-year 
                                                                               ended       ended 
                                                                             30 June     30 June 
                                                                                2022        2021 
                                                                                GBPm        GBPm 
 Net cash from operating activities                                             28.8        17.2 
 Corporate undertaking costs                                                     0.5         4.5 
 Net restructuring cash paid                                                     1.3         3.0 
 US class action lawsuits                                                          -         2.3 
 Interest received                                                               0.1           - 
 Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment                           0.1         0.1 
 Purchases of property, plant and equipment                                   (10.9)       (7.5) 
 Purchase of intangible assets                                                 (0.6)       (0.4) 
                                                                        ------------  ---------- 
 Free cash flow                                                                 19.3        19.2 
                                                                        ------------  ---------- 
                                           At                                                 At 
 c) Analysis of net                 1 January                 Exchange   Other Lease     30 June 
  debt                                   2022  Cash flow      movement     Movements        2022 
                                         GBPm       GBPm          GBPm          GBPm        GBPm 
 Cash and bank balances                  51.1       28.0           3.5             -        82.6 
 Overdrafts (1)                             -     (14.6)         (0.3)             -      (14.9) 
                                  -----------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ---------- 
 Cash and cash equivalents               51.1       13.4           3.2             -        67.7 
 Debt due within one 
  year                                 (14.8)          -         (1.6)             -      (16.4) 
 Debt due after one 
  year                                (116.2)      (0.3)         (7.7)             -     (124.2) 
 Lease liabilities (2)                 (73.2)        4.4         (4.9)         (2.8)      (76.5) 
 Liabilities arising 
  from financing activities           (204.2)        4.1        (14.2)         (2.8)     (217.1) 
                                  -----------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ---------- 
 Total                                (153.1)       17.5        (11.0)         (2.8)     (149.4) 
                                  -----------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ---------- 
 
 
 
 (1)   The Group's notional cash pool enables access to cash in its subsidiaries 
        to pay down the Group's borrowings. The Group has the legal right 
        to offset balances within the cash pool which it intends to use. 
        If cash and cash equivalents were presented net of the notional 
        cash pool at 30 June 2022, the cash and bank balances would be 
        GBP67.7m and overdrafts would be GBPnil. 
 (2)   The change in lease liabilities in the six months ended 30 June 
        2022 includes lease rental payments of GBP5.6m (GBP1.2m of these 
        payments relates to lease interest), GBP4.9m exchange movement 
        and GBP2.8m other movements related to lease additions and modifications. 
        Following a review of the lease liability disclosures in 2022, 
        the presentation of current and non-current liabilities within 
        the Consolidated Balance Sheet for 30 June 2022 now reflects the 
        timing of the underlying lease payments. Comparative information 
        has not been restated as the adjustment is not deemed material. 
 

c) Analysis of net debt (continued)

 
                                        Half-year   Half-year 
                                            ended       ended 
                                          30 June     30 June 
                                             2022        2021 
 Cash and Cash equivalents comprise:         GBPm        GBPm 
 Cash and bank balances                      82.6        60.0 
 Overdrafts                                (14.9)       (1.3) 
                                       ----------  ---------- 
 Total                                       67.7        58.7 
                                       ----------  ---------- 
 

d) Analysis of working capital and provisions

Working capital comprises the following:

 
                                                         Half-year   Half-year 
                                                             ended       ended 
                                                           30 June     30 June 
                                                              2022        2021 
                                                              GBPm        GBPm 
 Inventories                                                 163.3       138.5 
 Trade and other receivables                                 133.7        97.3 
 Trade and other payables                                  (190.4)     (142.2) 
                                                        ----------  ---------- 
 Working capital, including derivatives                      106.6        93.6 
 Items excluded: 
 Foreign exchange contracts                                    8.8         0.3 
 Deferred consideration relating to disposals-current            -       (0.3) 
 Total                                                       115.4        93.6 
                                                        ----------  ---------- 
 

Working capital and provisions movement, net of restructuring items, a non-statutory cash flow item, is derived as follows:

 
                                                           Half-year   Half-year 
                                                               ended       ended 
                                                             30 June     30 June 
                                                                2022        2021 
                                                                GBPm        GBPm 
 Increase in inventories                                       (7.3)       (1.5) 
 Increase in receivables                                      (27.9)      (15.3) 
 Increase in payables and provisions                            28.6        19.2 
                                                          ----------  ---------- 
 Working capital and provisions movement, excluding 
  currency effects                                             (6.6)         2.4 
 Items excluded: 
 Decrease in restructuring related inventory impairment          1.5         0.9 
 Decrease in net restructuring provision and other 
  receivables                                                    3.9         2.5 
 Total                                                         (1.2)         5.8 
                                                          ----------  ---------- 
 

13. Acquisition and Disposal activities

On 9 June 2022, the Group signed a definitive agreement to acquire substantially all of the assets of Spencer Aerospace Manufacturing, LLC, a leading manufacturer of highly engineered, high-pressure hydraulic fluid fittings for use in commercial and military aerospace applications. The acquisition is expected to complete in Q3 2022, subject to customary closing conditions.

On 22nd April 2021, the Group sold its stand alone, build-to-print helicopter structures operating company, Senior Aerospace Connecticut, based in the USA. A gain of GBP24.2m arose on disposal after taking fair value of net assets disposed (GBP28.4m including GBP15.1m of goodwill, GBP7.5m property, plant and equipment and GBP5.8m of working capital), offset by net cash consideration of GBP49.7m after GBP1.8m disposal costs, and the previously recorded foreign exchange gain that has been recycled to the Income Statement of GBP2.9m.

14. Provisions

Current and non-current provisions include warranty costs of GBP8.9m (30 June 2021: GBP7.1m; 31 December 2021: GBP6.9m), restructuring of GBP0.9m (30 June 2021: GBP6.1m; 31 December 2021: GBP1.3m) and other provisions including contractual matters, claims and legal costs that arise in the ordinary course of business of GBP6.0m (30 June 2021: GBP8.4m; 31 December 2021: GBP7.8m).

15. Share capital

Share capital as at 30 June 2022 amounted to GBP41.9m (30 June 2021: GBP41.9m, 31 December 2021: GBP41.9m). No shares were issued during the period.

16. Contingent liabilities

The Group is subject to various claims which arise from time to time in the course of its business including, for example, in relation to commercial matters, product quality or liability, and tax audits. Where the Board has assessed there to be a more likely than not outflow of economic benefits, provision has been made for the best estimate as at 30 June 2022 (see Note 14). For all other matters, the Board has concluded that it is not more likely than not that there will be an economic outflow of benefits. While the outcome of some of these matters cannot be predicted with any certainty, the Directors do not expect any of these arrangements, legal actions or claims, after allowing for provisions already made where appropriate, to result in significant loss to the Group.

17. Financial Instruments

Categories of financial instruments

 
                                                 Half-year   Half-year 
                                                     ended       ended 
                                                   30 June     30 June 
                                                      2022        2021 
                                                      GBPm        GBPm 
 Carrying value of financial assets: 
 Cash and bank balances                               82.6        60.0 
 Trade receivables                                   115.3        84.6 
 Other receivables                                     0.7         0.5 
                                                ----------  ---------- 
 Financial assets at amortised cost                  198.6       145.1 
                                                ----------  ---------- 
 Foreign exchange contracts- cash flow hedges          1.4         1.8 
 Total financial assets                              200.0       146.9 
                                                ----------  ---------- 
 
 Carrying value of financial liabilities: 
 Bank overdrafts and loans                           155.5       131.0 
 Lease liabilities                                    76.5        76.4 
 Trade payables                                      101.4        65.2 
 Other payables                                       58.5        55.7 
                                                ----------  ---------- 
 Financial liabilities at amortised cost             391.9       328.3 
                                                ----------  ---------- 
 Foreign exchange contracts- cash flow hedges         10.2         2.1 
 Total financial liabilities                         402.1       330.4 
                                                ----------  ---------- 
 
 
                                                   Half-year   Half-year 
                                                       ended       ended 
                                                     30 June     30 June 
                                                        2022        2021 
                                                        GBPm        GBPm 
 Undiscounted contractual maturity of financial 
  liabilities at amortised cost: 
 Amounts payable: 
 On demand or within one year                          206.3       136.4 
 In the second to fifth years inclusive                148.0       130.2 
 After five years                                       83.1       111.0 
                                                  ----------  ---------- 
                                                       437.4       377.6 
 Less: future finance charges                         (45.5)      (49.3) 
                                                  ----------  ---------- 
 Financial liabilities at amortised cost               391.9       328.3 
                                                  ----------  ---------- 
 

The carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value for the financial assets and liabilities noted above except for bank overdrafts and loans, where the Directors estimate the fair value to be GBP148.6m (30 June 2021: GBP132.3m). The fair value has been determined by applying a make-whole calculation using prevailing treasury bill yields plus the applicable credit spread for the Group.

Fair values

The following table presents an analysis of financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value. All financial instruments are measured at level 2, i.e. those fair values derived from inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices). There has not been any transfer of assets or liabilities between levels. There are no non-recurring fair value measurements.

 
                                                  Half-year   Half-year 
                                                      ended       ended 
                                                    30 June     30 June 
                                                       2022        2021 
                                                       GBPm        GBPm 
 Assets: 
 Foreign exchange contracts - cash flow hedges          1.4         1.8 
 Total assets                                           1.4         1.8 
                                                 ----------  ---------- 
 Liabilities: 
 Foreign exchange contracts - cash flow hedges         10.2         2.1 
 Total liabilities                                     10.2         2.1 
                                                 ----------  ---------- 
 

18. Related party transaction

The Group has related party relationships with a number of pension schemes (see Note 11) and with Directors and Senior Managers of the Group.

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