Certain statements made in this Annual Report are "forward-looking statements" regarding the plans and objectives of management for future operations. Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made in this Report are based on current expectations that involve numerous risks and uncertainties. The Company's plans and objectives are based, in part, on assumptions involving the growth and expansion of business. Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond the control of the Company. Although the Company believes that its assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements made in this Report will prove to be accurate. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements made in this Report, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that the objectives and plans of the Company will be achieved.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Background
Global Casinos, Inc. (Global Casinos) was organized under the laws of the State of Utah on June 8, 1978. Global Casinos was organized as a holding company for the purpose of acquiring and operating casinos, gaming properties, and other related interests. On September 30, 2013, Global Casinos split-off and sold its gaming operations to Gemini Gaming, LLC and simultaneously acquired West Paces Ferry Healthcare REIT, Inc. (WPF) through a reverse acquisition. Global Casinos changed its name to Global Healthcare REIT, Inc. (Global or we or the Company) effective September 30, 2013. Upon consummation of the reverse acquisition, we have organized with the intent of investing in real estate related to the long-term healthcare industry. We plan to elect to be treated as a real estate investment trust (REIT) in the future; however, we do not plan to make that election for the 2013 fiscal year.
We plan to acquire, develop, lease, manage and dispose of healthcare real estate, and provide financing to healthcare providers. Our portfolio will be comprised of investments in the following five healthcare segments: (i) senior housing, (ii) life science, (iii) medical office, (iv) post-acute/skilled nursing and (v) hospital. We will make investments within our healthcare segments using the following five investment products: (i) properties under lease, (ii) debt investments, (iii) developments and redevelopments, (iv) investment management and (v) the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (RIDEA), which represents investments in senior housing operations utilizing the structure permitted by RIDEA.
The delivery of healthcare services requires real estate and, as a result, tenants and operators depend on real estate, in part, to maintain and grow their businesses. We believe that the healthcare real estate market provides investment opportunities due to the following:
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Compelling demographics driving the demand for healthcare services;
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Specialized nature of healthcare real estate investing; and
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Ongoing consolidation of a fragmented healthcare real estate sector.
Acquisition of West Paces Ferry Healthcare REIT, Inc. (WPF)
On September 30, 2013, Global acquired all of the outstanding common stock of WPF in consideration of $100. WPF owns a 65% membership interest in Dodge NH, LLC, which owns a skilled nursing facility located in Eastman, Georgia.
Concurrently with the consummation of the split-off of gaming operations and the WPF acquisition, Clifford Neuman, Pete Bloomquist and Leonard Nacht resigned as Directors, and Mr. Neuman and Todd Huss resigned as executive officers of Global Casinos. In addition, the Board of Directors of Global Casinos was reconstituted to consist of Christopher Brogdon, Steven Bathgate and John Sheehan, Jr. The executive officers were also changed to consist of Mr. Brogdon as CEO and President, Philip Scarborough as CFO and Ryan Scates as Secretary.
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Acquisition of Middle Georgia Nursing Home
Effective July 1, 2012, Georgia Healthcare REIT, Inc., (Georgia REIT) a private company owned and controlled by Mr. Brogdon, consummated its first acquisition: the Middle Georgia Nursing Home. Middle Georgia Nursing Home is located at 556 Chester Highway in Eastman, Georgia (Middle Georgia or the Facility). The Facility was acquired through Dodge NH, LLC, a limited liability company formed for the purpose of acquiring Middle Georgia that was initially wholly-owned by Georgia REIT. Dodge Investors, LLC was formed and organized as a financing entity to raise $1.1 million in funding to complete the financing required to complete the acquisition, as more fully described below.
The terms of the acquisition of Middle Georgia were as follows: The purchase price was $5.0 million, of which $4.2 million was paid with the proceeds of a commercial mortgage with Colony Bank, as senior lender, which accrues interest at 6.25% per annum; and the balance of $1.0 million was provided by Dodge Investors, LLC. Dodge Investors LLC funded Dodge NH, LLC with $1.1 million in consideration of 13% unsecured notes and a carried 35% membership interest in Dodge NH, LLC. Of the $1.1 million raised by Dodge Investors, LLC, $125,000 was invested by Georgia REIT from loan proceeds from the Company, representing a 4% membership interest of the total 35% membership interest held by Dodge Investors, LLC. The Dodge NH, LLC notes purchased by Dodge Investors, LLC accrue interest at the rate of 13% per annum, interest payable monthly, with the outstanding balance of principal and accrued and unpaid interest due July 1, 2014. The 35% membership interest of Dodge Investors, LLC will continue as a carried interest after the repayment of the notes.
Dodge NH, LLC has an operating lease agreement with Eastman Healthcare and Rehab, LLC, owned by a professional skilled nursing facility operator, having an initial term of five years with an option to renew for an additional five-year period. The rent begins at $45,000 per month and increases by $1,000 per month on each lease anniversary, thereafter.
Effective March 15, 2013, Georgia REIT conveyed its entire 65% membership interest in Dodge NH to WPF.
Acquisition of Warrenton Nursing Home
Effective December 31, 2013, the Company consummated the purchase of the 110 bed Warrenton Nursing Home (Warrenton) located in Warrenton, Georgia. Warrenton was purchased by ATL/WARR, LLC, a single purpose Georgia limited liability company (Warr LLC) previously owned 95% by Christopher Brogdon and 5% by an unaffiliated investor. Concurrently, Mr. Brogdon conveyed his 95% membership interest in Warr LLC to the Company for nominal consideration.
Warr LLC entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement dated April 3, 2013 (the PSA) with Providence Health Care, Inc., as seller, covering the Warrenton facility. The purchase price of Warrenton was $3.5 million, of which $2.72 million was provided by a commercial senior bank loan, and approximately $984,500 was provided by the Company.
Pursuant to the PSA, Warr LLC acquired (i) the land on which the facility is located, (ii) all buildings and other structures situated on or appurtenant to the land, (iii) all appliances, furniture,
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fixtures and equipment, and (iv) all transferable intangible assets and property related to the facility.
Warr LLC has assumed an operating lease (Lease) with a multi-unit skilled nursing home operator (Operator). The Operator (i) owns the facility records, residential agreements, resident trust funds and inventory, (ii) is the licensed operator of the facility, and (iii) operates the facility as a skilled nursing facility. The operating lease will expire in June 2016.
Neither Warr LLC nor the Company (i) owns a direct equity interest in the skilled nursing facility business operated by the Operator, (ii) is subject to a beneficial participating or residual interest in such business, or (iii) is entitled to participate in, or otherwise influence, any decision related to such business, except for customary provisions under the Lease with regard to the use, regulatory compliance, maintenance, alteration and preservation of the real property and FF&E.
Our 2013 Private Offering of Common Stock
We commenced a private offering of our common stock, $0.05 par value (Common Stock) on December 4, 2013 (the Offering). The Offering consisted of up to 7.5 million shares of Common Stock being offered on a 2,250,000 share, all-or-none, minimum (Minimum Offering), 7,500,000 share maximum, best efforts, basis (Maximum Offering) at a private offering price of $0.75 per share. Subscriptions for shares in the Offering were sold either for cash or in exchange for outstanding notes owed by the Company or an affiliate of the Company (the Notes) or in exchange for equity in our affiliated subsidiaries. The Company also granted the Placement Agent with an over-allotment option covering an additional 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock.
On December 31, 2013, we completed the first closing of the Offering, having sold 3,563,411 shares of common stock and received net cash proceeds of approximately $2.3 million. In addition, we issued 627,151 shares of common stock in exchange for outstanding notes payable and accrued interest totaling $470,414. We used a portion of the proceeds from the first closing to repay notes payable and to acquire Warrenton.
Healthcare Industry
Healthcare is the single largest industry in the US based on Gross Domestic Product ("GDP"). According to the National Health Expenditures report by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ("CMS"): (i) national health expenditures are expected to remain just under 4.0% of GDP in 2013; (ii) the average compounded annual growth rate for national health expenditures, over the projection period of 2012 through 2022, is anticipated to be 5.8%; and (iii) the healthcare industry is projected to represent 18.0% of US GDP in 2013.
Senior citizens are the largest consumers of healthcare services. According to CMS, on a per capita basis, the 75-year and older segment of the population spends 76% more on healthcare than the 65 to 74-year-old segment and over 200% more than the population average.
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Business Strategy
Our primary goal is to increase shareholder value through profitable growth. Our investment strategy to achieve this goal is based on three principles: (i) opportunistic investing, (ii) portfolio diversification and (iii) conservative financing.
Opportunistic Investing
We will make investment decisions that are expected to drive profitable growth and create shareholder value. We will attempt to position ourselves to create and take advantage of situations to meet our goals and investment criteria.
Portfolio Diversification
We believe in maintaining a portfolio of healthcare investments diversified by segment, geography, operator, tenant and investment product. Diversification reduces the likelihood that a single event would materially harm our business and allows us to take advantage of opportunities in different markets based on individual market dynamics. While pursuing our strategy of diversification, we will monitor, but will not limit, our investments based on the percentage of our total assets that may be invested in any one property type, investment product, geographic location, the number of properties which we may lease to a single operator or tenant, or mortgage loans we may make to a single borrower. With investments in multiple segments and investment products, we can focus on opportunities with the most attractive risk/reward profile for the portfolio as a whole. We may structure transactions as master leases, require operator or tenant insurance and indemnifications, obtain credit enhancements in the form of guarantees, letters of credit or security deposits, and take other measures to mitigate risk.
Conservative Financing
We believe a conservative balance sheet is important to our ability to execute our opportunistic investing approach. We will strive to maintain a conservative balance sheet by actively managing our debt-to-equity levels and maintaining multiple sources of liquidity, such as our revolving line of credit facility, access to capital markets and secured debt lenders, relationships with current and prospective institutional joint venture partners, and our ability to divest of assets. Our debt obligations will be primarily fixed rate with staggered maturities, which reduces the impact of rising interest rates on our operations.
We plan to finance our investments based on our evaluation of available sources of funding. For short-term purposes, we may arrange for short-term borrowings from banks or other sources. We may also arrange for longer-term financing through offerings of equity and debt securities, placement of mortgage debt and capital from other institutional lenders and equity investors.
Competition
Investing in real estate serving the healthcare industry is highly competitive. We will face competition from REITs, investment companies, private equity and hedge fund investors, sovereign funds, healthcare operators, lenders, developers and other institutional investors, some of whom may have greater resources and lower costs of capital than we do. Increased competition makes it more challenging for us to identify and successfully capitalize on
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opportunities that meet our objectives. Our ability to compete may also be impacted by national and local economic trends, availability of investment alternatives, availability and cost of capital, construction and renovation costs, existing laws and regulations, new legislation and population trends.
Income from our facilities is dependent on the ability of our operators and tenants to compete with other companies on a number of different levels, including: the quality of care provided, reputation, the physical appearance of a facility, price and range of services offered, alternatives for healthcare delivery, the supply of competing properties, physicians, staff, referral sources, location, the size and demographics of the population in surrounding areas, and the financial condition of our tenants and operators. Private, federal and state payment programs as well as the effect of laws and regulations may also have a significant influence on the profitability of our tenants and operators.
Healthcare Segments
Senior housing
. Senior housing facilities include assisted living facilities ("ALFs"), independent living facilities ("ILFs") and continuing care retirement communities ("CCRCs"), which cater to different segments of the elderly population based upon their needs. Services provided by our operators or tenants in these facilities are primarily paid for by the residents directly or through private insurance and are less reliant on government reimbursement programs such as Medicaid and Medicare. Senior housing property types are further described below.
Assisted Living Facilities
. ALFs are licensed care facilities that provide personal care services, support and housing for those who need help with activities of daily living ("ADL") yet require limited medical care. The programs and services may include transportation, social activities, exercise and fitness programs, beauty or barber shop access, hobby and craft activities, community excursions, meals in a dining room setting and other activities sought by residents. These facilities are often in apartment-like buildings with private residences ranging from single rooms to large apartments. Certain ALFs may offer higher levels of personal assistance for residents with Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia. Levels of personal assistance are based in part on local regulations.
Independent Living Facilities
. ILFs are designed to meet the needs of seniors who choose to live in an environment surrounded by their peers with services such as housekeeping, meals and activities. These residents generally do not need assistance with ADL, such as bathing, eating and dressing. However, residents have the option to contract for these services.
Continuing Care Retirement Communities.
CCRCs provide housing and health-related services under long-term contracts. This alternative is appealing to residents as it eliminates the need for relocating when health and medical needs change, thus allowing residents to "age in place." Some CCRCs require a substantial entry or buy-in fee and most also charge monthly maintenance fees in exchange for a living unit, meals and some health services. CCRCs typically require the individual to be in relatively good health and independent upon entry.
Post-acute/skilled nursing
. Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNF) offer restorative, rehabilitative and custodial nursing care for people not requiring the more extensive and sophisticated treatment available at hospitals. Ancillary revenues and revenues from sub-acute care services are derived from providing services to residents beyond room and board and include occupational, physical,
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speech, respiratory and intravenous therapy, wound care, oncology treatment, brain injury care and orthopedic therapy as well as sales of pharmaceutical products and other services. Certain SNFs provide some of the foregoing services on an out-patient basis. Post-acute/skilled nursing services provided by our operators and tenants in these facilities will be primarily paid for either by private sources or through the Medicare and Medicaid programs.
Life science
. These properties contain laboratory and office space primarily for biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, scientific research institutions, government agencies and other organizations involved in the life science industry. While these properties contain similar characteristics to commercial office buildings, they generally contain more advanced electrical, mechanical, and heating, ventilating, and air conditioning ("HVAC") systems. The facilities generally have equipment including emergency generators, fume hoods, lab bench tops and related amenities. In many instances, life science tenants make significant investments to improve their leased space, in addition to landlord improvements, to accommodate biology, chemistry or medical device research initiatives.
Medical office
. Medical office buildings ("MOBs") typically contain physicians' offices and examination rooms, and may also include pharmacies, hospital ancillary service space and outpatient services such as diagnostic centers, rehabilitation clinics and day-surgery operating rooms. While these facilities are similar to commercial office buildings, they require additional plumbing, electrical and mechanical systems to accommodate multiple exam rooms that may require sinks in every room, and special equipment such as x-ray machines. In addition, MOBs are often built to accommodate higher structural loads for certain equipment and may contain "vaults" or other specialized construction. We expect our MOBs will be typically multi-tenant properties leased to healthcare providers (hospitals and physician practices).
Hospital.
Services provided by our operators and tenants in these facilities are paid for by private sources, third-party payors (e.g., insurance and Health Maintenance Organizations or "HMOs"), or through the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Hospital property types include acute care, long-term acute care, and specialty and rehabilitation hospitals.
Investment Products
Properties under lease
. We plan to primarily generate revenue by leasing properties under long-term leases. Most of our rents and other earned income from leases will be received under triple-net leases or leases that provide for a substantial recovery of operating expenses. However, some of our MOBs and life science facility rents will be structured under gross or modified gross leases. Accordingly, for such gross or modified gross leases, we may incur certain property operating expenses, such as real estate taxes, repairs and maintenance, property management fees, utilities and insurance.
Our ability to grow income from properties under lease depends, in part, on our ability to (i) increase rental income and other earned income from leases by increasing rental rates and occupancy levels, (ii) maximize tenant recoveries and (iii) control non-recoverable operating expenses. Most of our leases will include contractual annual base rent escalation clauses that are either predetermined fixed increases and/or are a function of an inflation index.
Debt investments.
Our mezzanine loans will generally be secured by a pledge of ownership interests of an entity or entities, which directly or indirectly own properties, and are subordinate
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to more senior debt, including mortgages and more senior mezzanine loans. Our interest in mortgages and construction financing will typically be issued by healthcare providers and will generally be secured by healthcare real estate.
Developments and redevelopments
. We will generally commit to development projects that are at least 50% pre-leased or when we believe that market conditions will support speculative construction. We will work closely with our local real estate service providers, including brokerage, property management, project management and construction management companies to assist us in evaluating development proposals and completing developments. Our development and redevelopment investments will likely be in the life science and medical office segments. Redevelopments are properties that require significant capital expenditures (generally more than 25% of acquisition cost or existing basis) to achieve property stabilization or to change the primary use of the properties.
Investment management
. We may co-invest in real estate properties with institutional investors through joint ventures structured as partnerships or limited liability companies. We may target institutional investors with long-term investment horizons who seek to benefit from our expertise in healthcare real estate. Predominantly, we plan to retain non controlling interests in the joint ventures ranging from 20% to 30% and serve as the managing member. These ventures generally allow us to earn acquisition and asset management fees, and have the potential for promoted interests or incentive distributions based on performance of the joint venture.
Operating properties ("RIDEA")
. We may enter into contracts with healthcare operators to manage communities that are placed in a structure permitted by the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (commonly referred to as "RIDEA"). Under the provisions of RIDEA, a REIT may lease "qualified health care properties" on an arm's length basis to a taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS") if the property is operated on behalf of such subsidiary by a person who qualifies as an "eligible independent contractor." We view RIDEA as a structure primarily to be used on properties that present attractive valuation entry points, where repositioning with a new operator that is aligned with health care providers can bring scale, operating efficiencies, and/or ancillary services to drive growth.
Government Regulations, Licensing and Enforcement
Overview
Our tenants and operators will typically be subject to extensive and complex federal, state and local healthcare laws and regulations relating to fraud and abuse practices, government reimbursement, licensure and certificate of need and similar laws governing the operation of healthcare facilities, and we expect that the healthcare industry, in general, will continue to face increased regulation and pressure in the areas of fraud, waste and abuse, cost control, healthcare management and provision of services, among others. These regulations are wide-ranging and can subject our tenants and operators to civil, criminal and administrative sanctions. Affected tenants and operators may find it increasingly difficult to comply with this complex and evolving regulatory environment because of a relative lack of guidance in many areas as certain of our healthcare properties will be subject to oversight from several government agencies and the laws may vary from one jurisdiction to another. Changes in laws and regulations and reimbursement enforcement activity and regulatory non-compliance by our tenants and operators can all have a
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significant effect on their operations and financial condition, which in turn may adversely impact us.
We will seek to mitigate the risk to us resulting from the significant healthcare regulatory risks faced by our tenants and operators by diversifying our portfolio among property types and geographical areas, diversifying our tenant and operator base to limit our exposure to any single entity, and seeking tenants and operators who are not largely dependent on Medicaid reimbursement for their revenues. In addition, we ensure in each instance that our operators have obtained all necessary licenses and permits before beginning operations, and require that those operators covenant that they will comply with all applicable laws and regulations in connection with the facility operations.
The following is a discussion of certain laws and regulations generally applicable to our operators, and in certain cases, to us.
Fraud and Abuse Enforcement
There are various extremely complex federal and state laws and regulations governing healthcare providers' relationships and arrangements and prohibiting fraudulent and abusive practices by such providers. These laws include (i) federal and state false claims acts, which, among other things, prohibit providers from filing false claims or making false statements to receive payment from Medicare, Medicaid or other federal or state healthcare programs, (ii) federal and state anti-kickback and fee-splitting statutes, including the Medicare and Medicaid anti-kickback statute, which prohibit the payment or receipt of remuneration to induce referrals or recommendations of healthcare items or services, (iii) federal and state physician self-referral laws (commonly referred to as the "Stark Law"), which generally prohibit referrals by physicians to entities with which the physician or an immediate family member has a financial relationship, (iv) the federal Civil Monetary Penalties Law, which prohibits, among other things, the knowing presentation of a false or fraudulent claim for certain healthcare services and (v) federal and state privacy laws, including the privacy and security rules contained in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, which provide for the privacy and security of personal health information. Violations of healthcare fraud and abuse laws carry civil, criminal and administrative sanctions, including punitive sanctions, monetary penalties, imprisonment, denial of Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement and potential exclusion from Medicare, Medicaid or other federal or state healthcare programs. These laws are enforced by a variety of federal, state and local agencies and can also be enforced by private litigants through, among other things, federal and state false claims acts, which allow private litigants to bring qui tam or "whistleblower" actions. Many of our operators and tenants are subject to these laws, and some of them may in the future become the subject of governmental enforcement actions if they fail to comply with applicable laws.
Reimbursement
Sources of revenue for many of our tenants and operators will include, among other sources, governmental healthcare programs, such as the federal Medicare program and state Medicaid programs, and non-governmental payors, such as insurance carriers and HMOs. As federal and state governments focus on healthcare reform initiatives, and as many states face significant budget deficits, efforts to reduce costs by these payors will likely continue, which may result in
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reduced or slower growth in reimbursement for certain services provided by some of our tenants and operators.
Healthcare Licensure and Certificate of Need
Certain healthcare facilities in our portfolio will be subject to extensive federal, state and local licensure, certification and inspection laws and regulations. In addition, various licenses and permits are required to dispense narcotics, operate pharmacies, handle radioactive materials and operate equipment. Many states require certain healthcare providers to obtain a certificate of need, which requires prior approval for the construction, expansion and closure of certain healthcare facilities. The approval process related to state certificate of need laws may impact some of our tenants' and operators' abilities to expand or change their businesses.
Americans with Disabilities Act (the "ADA")
Our properties must comply with the ADA and any similar state or local laws to the extent that such properties are "public accommodations" as defined in those statutes. The ADA may require removal of barriers to access by persons with disabilities in certain public areas of our properties where such removal is readily achievable. To date, we have not received any notices of noncompliance with the ADA that have caused us to incur substantial capital expenditures to address ADA concerns. Should barriers to access by persons with disabilities be discovered at any of our properties, we may be directly or indirectly responsible for additional costs that may be required to make facilities ADA-compliant. Noncompliance with the ADA could result in the imposition of fines or an award of damages to private litigants. The obligation to make readily achievable accommodations pursuant to the ADA is an ongoing one, and we continue to assess our properties and make modifications as appropriate in this respect.
Environmental Matters
A wide variety of federal, state and local environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations affect healthcare facility operations. These complex federal and state statutes, and their enforcement, involve a myriad of regulations, many of which involve strict liability on the part of the potential offender. Some of these federal and state statutes may directly impact us. Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, an owner of real property or a secured lender, such as us, may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances at, under or disposed of in connection with such property, as well as other potential costs relating to hazardous or toxic substances (including government fines and damages for injuries to persons and adjacent property). The cost of any required remediation, removal, fines or personal or property damages and the owner's or secured lender's liability therefore could exceed or impair the value of the property, and/or the assets of the owner or secured lender. In addition, the presence of such substances, or the failure to properly dispose of or remediate such substances, may adversely affect the owner's ability to sell or rent such property or to borrow using such property as collateral which, in turn, could reduce our revenues.
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Taxation
Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following summary of the taxation of the Company and the material federal tax consequences to the holders of our debt and equity securities is for general information only and is not tax advice. This summary does not address all aspects of taxation that may be relevant to certain types of holders of stock or securities (including, but not limited to, insurance companies, tax-exempt entities, financial institutions or broker-dealers, persons holding shares of common stock as part of a hedging, integrated conversion, or constructive sale transaction or a straddle, traders in securities that use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities, investors in pass-through entities and foreign corporations and persons who are not citizens or residents of the United States).
This summary does not discuss all of the aspects of US federal income taxation that may be relevant to you in light of your particular investment or other circumstances. In addition, this summary does not discuss any state or local income taxation or foreign income taxation or other tax consequences. This summary is based on current US federal income tax law. Subsequent developments in US federal income tax law, including changes in law or differing interpretations, which may be applied retroactively, could have a material effect on the US federal income tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of our securities as set forth in this summary. Before you purchase our securities, you should consult your own tax advisor regarding the particular US federal, state, local, foreign and other tax consequences of acquiring, owning and selling our securities.
General
We will elect to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (a REIT) at such time as the Board of Directors, with the consultation of our professional advisors, determines that we qualify as a REIT under applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. We cannot predict for which tax year that election will be made; however, we do not intend to make such an election for 2013. Therefore, applicable taxes have been recorded in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Once we make the election to be treated as a REIT, we intend to continue to operate in such a manner as to qualify as a REIT, but there is no guarantee that we will qualify or remain qualified as a REIT for subsequent years. Qualification and taxation as a REIT depends upon our ability to meet a variety of qualification tests imposed under federal income tax law with respect to income, assets, distribution level and diversity of share ownership. There can be no assurance that we will be owned and organized and will operate in a manner so as to qualify or remain qualified.
In any year in which we qualify as a REIT, in general, we will not be subject to federal income tax on that portion of our REIT taxable income or capital gain that is distributed to stockholders. We may, however, be subject to tax at normal corporate rates on any taxable income or capital gain not distributed. If we elect to retain and pay income tax on our net long-term capital gain, stockholders are required to include their proportionate share of our undistributed long-term capital gain in income, but they will receive a refundable credit for their share of any taxes paid by us on such gain.
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Despite the REIT election, we may be subject to federal income and excise tax as follows:
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To the extent that we do not distribute all of our net capital gain or distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our REIT taxable income, as adjusted, we will be subject to tax on the undistributed amount at regular corporate tax rates;
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If we have net income from the sale or other disposition of foreclosure property that is held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business or other non-qualifying income from foreclosure property, such income will be taxed at the highest corporate rate;
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Any net income from prohibited transactions (which are, in general, sales or other dispositions of property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, other than dispositions of foreclosure property and dispositions of property due to an involuntary conversion) will be subject to a 100% tax;
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If we fail to satisfy either the 75% or 95% gross income tests, but nonetheless maintain our qualification as a REIT because certain other requirements are met, we will be subject to a 100% tax on an amount equal to (1) the gross income attributable to the greater of (i) 75% of our gross income over the amount of qualifying gross income for purposes of the 75% gross income test or (ii) 95% of our gross income over the amount of qualifying gross income for purposes of the 95% gross income test multiplied by (2) a fraction intended to reflect our profitability;
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If we fail to distribute during each year at least the sum of (1) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for the year, (2) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for such year (other than capital gain that we elect to retain and pay tax on) and (3) any undistributed taxable income from preceding periods, we will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of such required distribution over amounts actually distributed;
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We will be subject to a 100% tax on the amount of any rents from real property, deductions or excess interest paid to us by any of our taxable REIT subsidiaries that would be reduced through reallocation under certain federal income tax principles in order to more clearly reflect income of the taxable REIT subsidiary;
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We may be subject to the corporate alternative minimum tax on any items of tax preference, including any deductions of net operating losses; and
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For any investments which may qualify as prohibited transactions or restricted assets, we may elect to form a taxable REIT subsidiary to hold such investments or operations. Income from the taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to taxes at the usual federal and state tax rates.
If we acquire any assets from a corporation, which is or has been a C corporation, in a carryover basis transaction, we could be liable for specified liabilities that are inherited from the C corporation. A C corporation is generally defined as a corporation that is required to pay full corporate level federal income tax. If we recognize gain on the disposition of the assets during the ten-year period beginning on the date on which the assets were acquired by us, then, to the extent of the assets built-in gain (i.e., the excess of the fair market value of the asset over the adjusted tax basis in the asset, in each case determined as of the beginning of the ten-year period), we will be subject to tax on the gain at the highest regular corporate rate applicable. The results described in this paragraph with respect to the recognition of built-in gain assume that the built-in gain assets, at the time the built-in gain assets were subject to a conversion transaction (either where a C corporation elected REIT status or a REIT acquired the assets from a C corporation), were not treated as sold to an unrelated party and gain recognized. For those
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properties that are subject to the built-in-gains tax, if triggered by a sale within the ten-year period beginning on the date on which the properties were acquired by us, then the potential amount of built-in-gains tax will be an additional factor when considering a possible sale of the properties.
On March 30, 2010, the President signed into law the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, which requires US stockholders who meet certain requirements and are individuals, estates or certain trusts to pay an additional 3.8% tax on, among other things, dividends on and capital gains from the sale or other disposition of stock for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012. US stockholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of this legislation on their ownership and disposition of shares of our stock.
Subsequent Events
Acquisition of Southern Hills Retirement Center
Effective February 7, 2014, the Company acquired the real property and improvements comprising a 100% interest in the Southern Hills Retirement Center, a skilled nursing facility located in Tulsa, Oklahoma (Southern Hills). To complete the acquisition, the Company formed and organized Southern Tulsa, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, a new wholly-owned subsidiary of WPF.
The Southern Hills facility is comprised of a senior living campus of three buildings totaling 104,192 square feet sitting on a 4.36 acre parcel. The Center offers 116 nursing beds, 86 independent living units, and 32 assisted living beds.
The purchase price for Southern Hills was $2.0 million, of which $1.5 million was provided by a senior mortgage with First Commercial Bank, with the balance of $500,000 provided by Global. Global also provided a guaranty of the loan from First Commercial Bank.
In the purchase of the property, Southern Tulsa, LLC acquired (i) the land on which the facility is located, (ii) all buildings and other structures situated on or appurtenant to the land, (iii) all appliances, furniture, fixtures and equipment, and (iv) all transferable intangible assets and property related to the facility.
As part of the purchase, Southern Tulsa, LLC assumed an operating lease with SH CCRC, LLC, a professional skilled nursing home operator (
Tulsa Operator
). The Tulsa Operator (i) owns the facility records, residential agreements, resident trust funds and inventory, (ii) is the licensed operator of the facility, and (iii) operates the facility as a skilled nursing facility. The operating lease will expire in June 2016.
Neither Southern Tulsa, LLC nor the Company (i) owns a direct or indirect equity interest in the skilled nursing facility business operated by the Operator, (ii) is subject to a beneficial participating or residual interest in such business, or (iii) is entitled to participate in, or otherwise influence, any decision related to such business, except for customary provisions under the Lease with regard to the use, regulatory compliance, maintenance, alteration and preservation of the real property and FF&E.
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On March 1, 2014, the Tulsa County Industrial Authority issued $5.7 million of its First Mortgage Revenue Bonds and lent the net proceeds to the Company. The Company will use the proceeds to pay off the $1.5 million bridge loan, to pay certain costs of the bond issuance, to renovate the 86 independent living units and 32-bed assisted living facility, and to establish a debt service reserve fund and other initial deposits as required by the bond indenture. The debt is secured by a first mortgage lien on the independent living units and assisted living facility (facilities), an assignment of the facilities leases, a first lien on all personal property located in the facilities, and a guaranty by the Company. The debt bears interest at rates ranging from 7.0% to 8.5% with principal and interest due monthly beginning in May 2014 through maturity on March 1, 2044. The loan agreement also contains financial covenants required to be maintained by the Company.
Acquisition of Interest In Limestone Assisted Living
Effective March 5, 2014, WPF consummated a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement providing for the purchase from Connie Brogdon, spouse of Christopher Brogdon, President and Director of the Company, for nominal consideration ($10.00) a 25% membership interest in Limestone Assisted Living, LLC (Limestone LLC). The other 75% membership interest in Limestone LLC is owned by Connie Brogdon (5%) and unaffiliated third parties (70%). The Company also extended a loan to Limestone LLC in the principal amount of $550,000 (the Limestone Loan), which is repayable, together with interest at the rate of 10% per annum, on or before the earlier of (i) August 31, 2014 or (ii) from the proceeds of the sale of the Limestone Assisted Living facility. The obligation of Limestone LLC to repay the Limestone Loan is secured by the personal Guaranty of Christopher Brogdon. All of the proceeds of the Limestone Loan were used by Limestone LLC to repay and retire a loan in the principal amount of $500,000, plus accrued and unpaid interest, owed to an unaffiliated third party. That $500,000 loan had matured on February 1, 2013.
Limestone LLC owns 100% of the Limestone Assisted Living facility (Limestone), a 42 bed, 22,189 square foot assisted living facility situated on 4.43 acres located in Gainesville, Georgia. There is senior secured bond debt in the approximate amount of $3.7 million in addition to the Limestone Loan.
Acquisition of Scottsburg Healthcare Center
Effective January 27, 2014, the Company consummated a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement providing for the purchase from Georgia REIT, for nominal consideration ($10.00) a 67.5% membership interest in Wood Moss, LLC (Wood Moss). The remaining 32.5% membership interest in Wood Moss is owned by Scottsburg Investors, LLC (Scottsburg Investors). Scottsburg Investors sold an aggregate of $500,000 in promissory notes to its members, and used the proceeds to extend a loan to Wood Moss evidenced by a 13% $500,000 unsecured note payable by Wood Moss.
Wood Moss owned 100% of the Scottsburg Healthcare Center (Scottsburg), a 99 bed skilled nursing facility situated on 3.58 acres in Scottsburg, Indiana. The purchase price paid by Wood Moss for Scottsburg was $3.415 million, consisting of $500,000 from Scottsburg Investors and a conventional first mortgage in the principal amount of $2.915 million.
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Scottsburg is leased to Waters of Scottsburg, an affiliate of Infinity HealthCare Management under an operating lease that expires December 31, 2014. Base rent under the lease was $31,000 per month through December 31, 2013 and increased to $32,000 per month beginning January 1, 2014.
Disposition of Scottsburg Healthcare Center
Effective March 10, 2014, Wood Moss sold its 100% interest in Scottsburg. The purchaser was 1350 N. Todd Drive, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, under a Purchase Agreement originally dated October 9, 2008, as amended and assigned. The sales price was $3.6 million, which included retirement of the first mortgage, subject to closing adjustments.
Completion of Private Offering
On January 31, 2014, February 20, 2014 and March 14, 2014, we completed the Second, Third and Fourth Closings of our Private Offering that began in December 2013. Giving effect to all four closings, we sold in the Offering an aggregate of 8,966,688 shares of common stock for gross consideration of $6,724,998 consisting of (i) $5,988,653 in cash, (ii) $623,793 in Notes exchanged for common stock and (iii) a 32.5% membership interest in Scottsburg Investors, LLC exchanged for 150,000 shares.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2013, we had one full time employee. The Company also engages the services of consultants from time to time, some of which may be provided by affiliates of the Company at no cost.