The euro nudged down to a fresh two-year low against the dollar Thursday ahead of the European Central Bank's monthly meeting, with expectations of further easing running high.

The ECB is widely expected to leave interest rates on hold, but a growing number of investors and analysts expect the bank's head Mario Draghi to indicate that officials are moving closer to launching a wide-ranging program of asset purchases, known as quantitative easing.

The common currency fell 0.1% early in the European session to $1.2296, its weakest level since August 2012.

Yields on government bonds in the eurozone have hit all-time lows this week as expectations of further monetary easing build. Those expectations had intensified on Wednesday following the release of a batch of disappointing eurozone business activity data.

In equity markets, the Stoxx Europe 600 edged 0.1% higher in early trade, closing in on its highest level since the financial crisis.

"For the majority of market participants it is likely to be obvious now that at some stage sooner or later the ECB will implement further expansionary measures. Economic recovery at a snail's pace, low and falling inflation and long term inflation expectations dropping like a stone: the evidence is overwhelming," said Commerzbank currency strategist Thu Lan Nguyen.

Investors are betting that a QE program will continue to buoy bonds and stocks in the euro area, but many think the ECB will wait until next year before broadening its stimulus efforts.

"In general, risk assets have done well on the back of QE programs that have previously been rolled out, thus we would expect a similar move in European risk assets. But the market may be getting ahead of itself somewhat, so we may see a modest pull-back in price in coming weeks if [there is] any hint in delay of implementation," said Wayne Bowers, head of asset management for Europe and Asia at Northern Trust, which manages $923 billion of assets.

Markets in Europe were also given a positive lead by the U.S., where the S&P 500 closed at a record high Wednesday.

In commodities markets, Brent crude oil was 0.3% higher at $70.10 a barrel, while gold was down 0.3% at $1,205.00 an ounce.

Write to Tommy Stubbington at tommy.stubbington@wsj.com

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