UPDATE: FDA Approves Protalix, Pfizer Drug To Treat Gaucher Disease
May 01 2012 - 6:05PM
Dow Jones News
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday approved a new
treatment developed by Protalix BioTherapeutics Inc. (PLX, PLX.TV)
for adults with a type of Gaucher disease, a rare genetic
disorder.
The treatment, taliglucerase alfa, will be sold in the U.S.
under the brand name Elelyso by Pfizer Inc. (PFE).
Pfizer also will sell the drug in most places outside the U.S.
The drug, which is the first plant-derived cell-based enzyme
replacement, replaces an enzyme called glucocerebrosidase in people
with type 1 Gaucher disease. Elelyso is produced using genetically
engineered carrot cells.
People with Gaucher disease lack glucocerebrosidase, which
causes an accumulation of a fatty substance inside cells. The fatty
accumulation can lead to enlargement and malfunctioning of the
liver, spleen, bone marrow and occasionally, the lung, kidney, and
intestine. About 6,000 people in the U.S. have type 1 Gaucher
disease, according to the FDA.
Pfizer and Protalix have already been making Elelyso available
to some Gaucher disease patients as part of an early access program
because of manufacturing issues at Genzyme, a unit of Sanofi SA
(SNY, SAN.FR), which makes another glucocerebrosidase-enzyme
replacement product, Cerezyme. Earlier this year, Genzyme said the
manufacturing problems had been fixed and that the company is able
to make enough of the product to supply current patients in the
U.S.
Shire PLC (SHPGY, SHP.LN), which also makes a Gaucher disease
treatment, Vpriv, has said inventories of the product will be
"below target levels" until the FDA signs off on a second
manufacturing plant in the U.S. However, the company also said it
has the capacity to meet anticipated demand for Vpriv. Cerezyme and
Vpriv are approved for use in children as well as adults.
Officials from Pfizer and Protalix said the companies have
already built enough inventory of Elelyso to supply to patients for
at least 24 months.
Elelyso is an infusion that is administered by health-care
professionals every other week.
The FDA said the approval of Elelyso was based on two studies
involving 56 patients with type 1 Gaucher disease. One study looked
at 31 patients who had not previously received enzyme-replacement
therapy. The study showed Elelyso reduced the size of patients'
spleens by an average of 29% to 40%, depending on the dose of the
drug, after nine months of treatment. The other study involved 25
patients who were switched from Cerezyme. The FDA said that study
showed Elelyso was effective in maintaining spleen and liver
volumes, blood platelet counts and hemoglobin levels during a
nine-month evaluation period.
The agency said the most common side effects were infusion
reactions and allergic reactions.
-By Jennifer Corbett Dooren, Dow Jones Newswires; 202-862-9294;
jennifer.corbett@dowjones.com