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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 13E-3
(Rule 13e-100)
(Amendment No. 1)
Rule 13e-3 Transaction Statement
under Section 13(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934
Sogou Inc.
(Name of the
Issuer)
Sogou Inc.
Tencent Holdings Limited
THL A21 Limited
TitanSupernova Limited
Tencent Mobility Limited
Sohu.com Limited
Sohu.com (Search) Limited
(Name of
Person(s) Filing Statement)
Class A Ordinary Shares, par value $0.001 per
share*
American Depositary Shares, each representing one Class A
Ordinary Share
(Title of Classes of
Securities)
83409V104**
(CUSIP Number of
Classes of Securities)
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Sogou Inc.
Level 15, Sohu.com Internet Plaza
No. 1 Unit Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District
Beijing 100084, China
Attention: Fion Zhou
Tel: +86-10-5689-9999 |
|
Tencent Holdings Limited
THL A21 Limited
TitanSupernova Limited
Tencent Mobility Limited
29/F, Three Pacific Place
No. 1 Queen's Road East
Wanchai, Hong Kong
Tel: +852 3148 5100 |
Sohu.com Limited
Sohu.com (Search) Limited
Level 18, Sohu.com Media Plaza
Block 3, No. 2 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District
Beijing 100190, China
Attention: Joanna Lu (Yanfeng Lv)
Tel: +86-10-6272-6666
(Name,
Address and Telephone Number of Person Authorized to Receive
Notices and Communications on Behalf of the Persons Filing
Statement)
With
copies to:
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Timothy B. Bancroft
Goulston & Storrs PC
400 Atlantic Avenue
Boston, MA 02110, USA
Tel: +1 (617) 574-3511 |
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Miranda So
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP
18th Floor, The Hong Kong Club Building
3A Chater Road
Hong Kong
Tel: +852-2533-3373
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This statement is
filed in connection with (check the appropriate box):
- a.
- o The filing
of solicitation materials or an information statement subject to
Regulation 14A, Regulation 14C or Rule 13e-3(c)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
- b.
- o The filing
of a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933.
- c.
- o A tender
offer.
- d.
- ý None of the
above.
Check the following
box if the soliciting materials or information statement referred
to in checking box (a) are preliminary
copies: o
Check the following
box if the filing is a final amendment reporting the results of the
transaction: o
Calculation of Filing Fee
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Transaction Valuation*** |
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Amount of Filing Fee**** |
$2,122,941,705.44 |
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$231,612.94
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- *
- Not for trading, but
only in connection with the listing on the New York Stock Exchange
of the American depositary shares ("ADSs"), each
representing one class A ordinary share, par value $0.001 per
share, of the issuer (a "Class A Ordinary Share" and
collectively, the "Class A Ordinary Shares").
- **
- CUSIP number of the
ADSs.
- ***
- Calculated solely for
the purpose of determining the filing fee in accordance with
Rule 0-11(b)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The
filing fee is calculated based on the sum of (a) the aggregate
cash payment for the proposed per-share cash payment of $9.00 for
3,717,250 outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and 127,200,000
outstanding Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.001 per
share, of the issuer that are proposed to be purchased by
TitanSupernova Limited from Sohu.com (Search) Limited, plus
(b) the aggregate cash payment for the proposed per-share cash
payment of $9.00 for 103,216,791 outstanding Class A Ordinary
Shares subject to the proposed merger of TitanSupernova Limited
with and into the issuer, plus (c) the product of 1,748,565
Class A Ordinary Shares underlying the outstanding options
that have vested or are expected to vest prior to the closing of
the merger, multiplied by $8.999 per option share (which is the
difference between the $9.00 per Class A Ordinary Share merger
consideration and the exercise price of the options of $0.001 per
Class A Ordinary Share) ((a), (b) and (c) together,
the "Transaction Valuation").
- ****
- The amount of the
filing fee, calculated in accordance with Exchange Act
Rule 0-11(b)(1) and the Securities and Exchange Commission Fee
Rate Advisory #1 for Fiscal Year 2021, was calculated by
multiplying the Transaction Valuation by 0.0001091.
- ý
- Check box if any part
of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act
Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing with which the
offsetting fee was previously paid. Identify the previous filing by
registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and date of
its filing.
Amount Previously
Paid: $231,300.95
Form or Registration No.:Schedule 13E-3 (File No. 005-90221)
Filing Party: Sogou Inc.; Tencent Holdings Limited; THL
A21 Limited; TitanSupernova Limited; Tencent Mobility Limited;
Sohu.com Limited; and Sohu.com (Search) Limited
Date Filed: October 28, 2020
Neither the
Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved of this transaction, passed
upon the merits or fairness of this transaction, or passed upon the
adequacy or accuracy of the disclosure in this transaction
statement on schedule 13e-3. Any representation to the
contrary is a criminal offense.
Table of
Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
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1 |
SUMMARY
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1 |
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE MERGER
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26 |
SPECIAL FACTORS
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28 |
MARKET PRICE OF THE ADSs; DIVIDENDS
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68 |
SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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69 |
TRANSACTIONS IN THE SHARES AND ADSs
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69 |
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY
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70 |
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
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71 |
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
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71 |
SCHEDULE 13E-3 ITEMS
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72 |
ITEM 1.
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SUMMARY TERM SHEET
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72 |
ITEM 2.
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SUBJECT COMPANY INFORMATION
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72 |
ITEM 3.
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IDENTITY AND BACKGROUND OF FILING PERSON
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73 |
ITEM 4.
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TERMS OF THE TRANSACTION
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74 |
ITEM 5.
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PAST CONTACTS, TRANSACTIONS, NEGOTIATIONS AND
AGREEMENTS
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75 |
ITEM 6.
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PURPOSES OF THE TRANSACTION AND PLANS OR
PROPOSALS
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77 |
ITEM 7.
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PURPOSES, ALTERNATIVES, REASONS AND EFFECTS OF THE
TRANSACTION
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78 |
ITEM 8.
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FAIRNESS OF THE TRANSACTION
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80 |
ITEM 9.
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REPORTS, OPINIONS, APPRAISALS AND
NEGOTIATIONS
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81 |
ITEM 10.
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SOURCE AND AMOUNTS OF FUNDS OR OTHER
CONSIDERATION
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82 |
ITEM 11.
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INTEREST IN SECURITIES OF THE SUBJECT
COMPANY
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83 |
ITEM 12.
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THE SOLICITATION OR RECOMMENDATION
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83 |
ITEM 13.
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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83 |
ITEM 14.
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PERSONS/ASSETS RETAINED, EMPLOYED, COMPENSATED OR
USED
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84 |
ITEM 15.
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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84 |
ITEM 16.
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EXHIBITS
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84 |
Schedule I
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87 |
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INTRODUCTION
This Amendment
No. 1 to the transaction statement pursuant to Rule 13e-3
amends in its entirety the transaction statement pursuant to Rule
13e-3 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"SEC") pursuant to Section 13(e) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") on
October 28, 2020 (together with the exhibits thereto and as
amended, this "Transaction Statement") and is being filed jointly
by the following Persons (each separately, a "Filing
Person," and collectively, the "Filing
Persons"):
- •
- Sogou Inc., an exempted
company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the
Cayman Islands (the "Company");
- •
- Tencent Holdings
Limited, an exempted company with limited
liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands
("Tencent");
- •
- THL A21
Limited, a business company with limited
liability organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands
("THL");
- •
- TitanSupernova
Limited, an exempted company with limited
liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands
("Parent");
- •
- Tencent Mobility
Limited, a company limited by shares
incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong ("TML");
- •
- Sohu.com
Limited, an exempted company with limited
liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands
("Sohu.com"); and
- •
- Sohu.com (Search)
Limited, an exempted company with limited
liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands
("Sohu Search").
Tencent, THL,
Parent and TML are sometimes referred to in this Transaction
Statement collectively as the "Tencent Group."
The Items
specified by Schedule 13E-3, with page references to the
locations where the information required by such Items can be
found, are enumerated beginning on page 72 of this Transaction
Statement.
SUMMARY
This summary,
together with the "Questions and Answers about the Merger" below,
highlights selected information contained in the remainder of this
Transaction Statement. This summary does not contain all of the
information that may be important to an Unaffiliated Security
Holder (as defined below) of the Company. Unaffiliated Security
Holders should read this entire Transaction Statement and the other
documents to which this Transaction Statement refers for a more
complete understanding of the Merger (as defined below) and the
related transactions and how they affect Unaffiliated Security
Holders.
The terms
"we," "us," "our," and the "Company" as
used in this Transaction Statement refer to Sogou Inc. and/or
its direct and indirect subsidiaries and variable interest entities
("VIEs"), as the context may require, and references to the
Company's "Subsidiaries" refer to Sogou Inc.'s direct
and indirect subsidiaries and VIEs. The term "Sogou Board" refers
to the board of directors of the Company. The term "Special
Committee" refers to a special committee of independent,
disinterested directors of the Company that was formed by the Sogou
Board. The term "Unaffiliated Security Holders" is used in
this Transaction Statement as such term is defined in
Rule 13e-3(a)(4) under the Exchange Act, and refers to holders
of Class A Ordinary Shares and ADSs (both as defined below)
other than Tencent, THL, Parent, TML, Sohu.com, Sohu Search, and
directors and executive officers of the Company and of members of
the Tencent Group. The term "Person" refers to a natural
person, a
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partnership, a
corporation, a limited liability company, a business trust, a joint
share company, a trust, an unincorporated association, a joint
venture, a governmental entity or another entity or organization.
References to "dollars" and "$" in this Transaction
Statement are to U.S. dollars and references to "RMB" in
this Transaction Statement are to Renminbi, the lawful currency of
the People's Republic of China (the "PRC" or
"China").
The Parties Involved in the Merger
The Company
The Company is
an innovator in search and a leader in China's Internet industry.
The Company operates Sogou Search, which is the second largest
search engine in China by mobile queries, according to CVSC TNS
Research. The Company is the fourth largest Internet company in
China based on monthly active users (MAU) in December 2019,
according to iResearch. Through a robust ecosystem that the Company
has built and shared with Tencent and other strategic partners, the
Company delivers differentiated content to its users, including
search access to the vast content from Tencent's Weixin/WeChat
Official Accounts. The Company also operates Sogou Input Method,
which is the largest Chinese language input software by MAU for
both mobile and PC. Sogou Input Method is also the largest voice
application in China and the first cloud-based Chinese language
input software, interfacing with virtually all applications that
involve Chinese-language input.
The Company's
principal executive offices are located at Level 15, Sohu.com
Internet Plaza, No. 1 Unit Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian
District, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. The Company's
telephone number at that address is +86-10-5689-9999.
The Company is
the issuer of ordinary shares designated as Class A ordinary
shares, par value $0.001 per share (each, a "Class A
Ordinary Share" and collectively, the "Class A Ordinary
Shares"), including Class A Ordinary Shares represented by
American depositary shares, each representing one Class A
Ordinary Share (the "ADSs"). The ADSs are traded on the New
York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the symbol "SOGO." As of
the date of this Transaction Statement, there were a total of
108,833,041 Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding
(including 1,899,000 Restricted Shares (as defined below) but
excluding 5,790,800 Class A Ordinary Shares held for the
account of the Company that are not treated as issued and
outstanding for financial statement purposes or for the calculation
of percentage ownership and voting power in the Company). The
Company is also the issuer of ordinary shares designated as
Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.001 per share (each, a
"Class B Ordinary Share" and collectively, the
"Class B Ordinary Shares" and together with the
Class A Ordinary Shares, the "Shares" and each a
"Share"). The Class B Ordinary Shares are not listed
for trading on the NYSE or any other stock exchange. As of the date
of this Transaction Statement, there were a total of 278,757,875
issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares. In matters
requiring a shareholder vote, holders of Class A Ordinary
Shares and holders of Class B Ordinary Shares vote together as
a single class, with each Class A Ordinary Share entitled to
one vote and each Class B Ordinary Share entitled to ten
votes.
For a more
complete description of the Company's business, history, and
organizational structure, please see the Company's
Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended
December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on April 21,
2020 (the "Sogou 2019 Form 20-F"), which is
incorporated by reference herein. See "Where You Can Find More
Information" beginning on page 71 for instructions on
obtaining a copy of the Sogou 2019 Form 20-F.
Tencent
Tencent is an
exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws
of the Cayman Islands. The business address of Tencent is 29/F.,
Three Pacific Place, No. 1 Queen's Road East, Wanchai, Hong
Kong and the business telephone number of Tencent is +852 3148
5100. Tencent is an
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Internet company
headquartered in China providing value-added Internet services,
including communications and social, entertainment, content, online
advertising, FinTech and cloud services. It has been listed on the
Main Board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange since June 16, 2004
(stock code: 700).
THL
THL is a
business company with limited liability incorporated under the laws
of the British Virgin Islands and wholly-owned by Tencent. THL is
principally engaged in the business of holding securities in the
portfolio companies in which Tencent invests. The business address
of THL is c/o Tencent Holdings Limited, 29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East, Wanchai, Hong Kong, and the business
telephone number of THL is +852 3148 5100. THL directly holds
151,557,875 Class B Ordinary Shares as of the date of this
Transaction Statement.
Parent
Parent is an
exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws
of the Cayman Islands and wholly-owned by THL. Parent is a holding
company formed solely for the purpose of completing the
transactions contemplated under the Merger Agreement. The business
address of Parent is c/o Tencent Holdings Limited, 29/F., Three
Pacific Place, No. 1 Queen's Road East, Wanchai, Hong Kong,
and the business telephone number of Parent is +852 3148
5100.
TML
TML is a
company limited by shares incorporated in Hong Kong and
wholly-owned by Tencent. TML is principally engaged in the
activities of development and operation of entertainment
applications, provision of promotion activities for WeChat, and
investment holding. The business address of TML is c/o Tencent
Holdings Limited, 29/F., Three Pacific Place, No. 1 Queen's
Road East, Wanchai, Hong Kong, and the business telephone number of
TML is +852 3148 5100.
Sohu.com
Sohu.com is a
leading Chinese online media, search and game service group
providing comprehensive online products and services on PCs and
mobile devices in China. Sohu.com's businesses are conducted by the
"Sohu Group," which consists of Sohu.com (which, unless the
context requires otherwise, excludes the businesses of the Company
and its various Subsidiaries). American depositary shares
representing Sohu.com's ordinary shares are traded on NASDAQ under
the symbol "SOHU." As of the date of this Transaction Statement,
Sohu.com is the beneficial owner of 3,717,250 Class A Ordinary
Shares and 127,200,000 Class B Ordinary Shares that are held
of record by its wholly-owned subsidiary Sohu Search. Sohu.com,
through its indirect ownership of Class A Ordinary Shares and
Class B Ordinary Shares and a voting agreement, dated as of
August 11, 2017, among Sohu Search, THL, and the Company (the
"Sohu-Tencent Voting Agreement"), has the power to appoint a
majority of the Sogou Board. See "Related Party Transactions"
beginning on page 61 for additional information. For periods
prior to June 1, 2018, references to "Sohu.com" in this
Transaction Statement refer to Sohu.com's predecessor
Sohu.com Inc., which was a Delaware corporation that was the
ultimate publicly-traded parent company of the Sohu Group until its
dissolution on May 31, 2018 in connection with a
reorganization of the Sohu Group.
Sohu.com's
principal executive offices are located at Sohu.com Media Plaza,
No. 2, Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing,
100190, People's Republic of China. Sohu.com's telephone number at
that address is +86-10-6272-6666. Sohu.com's registered office in
the Cayman Islands is located at the offices of Maples Corporate
Services Limited, P.O. Box 309, Ugland House, Grand
Cayman, KY1-1104, Cayman Islands.
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Sohu Search
Sohu Search is
a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sohu.com. As of the date of this
Transaction Statement, Sohu Search is the record holder of
3,717,250 Class A Ordinary Shares and 127,200,000 Class B
Ordinary Shares. Sohu Search's principal executive offices are
located at Sohu.com Media Plaza, No. 2, Kexueyuan South Road,
Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China. Sohu
Search's telephone number at this address is +86 10-6272-6666. Sohu
Search's registered office in the Cayman Islands is located at the
offices of Maples Corporate Services Limited,
P.O. Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1-1104,
Cayman Islands.
Key Transaction Agreements
On
September 29, 2020, the Company, THL, Parent, and TML entered
into an agreement and plan of merger, which was amended on
December 1, 2020 to extend the termination date thereunder
(such agreement as so amended, the "Merger Agreement"),
which includes a plan of merger required to be filed with the
Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands substantially in the
form attached as Annex A to the Merger Agreement (the "Plan
of Merger"). Following satisfaction of the conditions to the
closing of the Merger (as defined below), Parent will merge with
and into the Company (the "Merger") in accordance with the
Companies Law, Cap. 22 (Law 3 of 1961, as consolidated and revised)
of the Cayman Islands (the "Cayman Islands Companies Law"),
with the Company continuing as the surviving company (as defined in
the Cayman Islands Companies Law, the "Surviving Company")
resulting from the Merger.
On or about the
same time as the Merger Agreement was signed, Sohu.com, Sohu
Search, and Parent entered into a share purchase agreement, which
was amended on December 1, 2020 to extend the termination date
thereunder (such agreement as so amended, the "Sohu Share
Purchase Agreement"). Pursuant to the Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement, Sohu Search agreed to sell all of the Class A
Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares owned by it to
Parent (the "Sohu Share Purchase"). Also on or about the
same time, THL and Parent entered into a contribution agreement
(the "Contribution Agreement"), pursuant to which THL agreed
to contribute all of the Class B Ordinary Shares owned by it
to Parent (the "Share Contribution"). The Share Contribution
and the Sohu Share Purchase are expected to be completed shortly
prior to the filing of the Plan of Merger with the Registrar of
Companies of the Cayman Islands under the Merger
Agreement.
If the Sohu
Share Purchase is completed, Sohu.com will no longer have any
beneficial ownership interest in the Company. Upon the completion
of the Share Contribution and the Sohu Share Purchase, Parent will
hold at least 90% of the voting power represented by all issued and
outstanding Shares immediately prior to the closing of the Merger.
Accordingly, the Merger will be in the form of a short-form merger
of Parent with and into the Company in accordance with
section 233(7) of the Cayman Islands Companies Law.
The Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger
The following
summary describes the material terms of the Merger Agreement,
including the Plan of Merger, but does not purport to describe all
of the terms of the Merger Agreement and is qualified in its
entirety by reference to the complete text of the Merger Agreement,
which is attached as Exhibit (d)(1) and Exhibit (d)(4) to
this Transaction Statement. Unaffiliated Security Holders should
read the Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger in their entirety
because they, and not this Transaction Statement, are the legal
documents that govern the Merger.
The Merger
At the
Effective Time (as defined below), Parent will merge with and into
the Company in accordance with Part XVI of the Cayman Islands
Companies Law through a statutory short-form
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merger in accordance
with section 233(7) of the Cayman Islands Companies Law. We
expect the Merger to occur soon after 20 days following the
date of the mailing of this Transaction Statement, or such later
date as may be required to comply with Rule 13e-3 under the
Exchange Act and all other applicable laws, after all the closing
conditions to the Merger have been satisfied or waived in
accordance with the Merger Agreement (the date and time of the
effectiveness of the Merger, the "Effective Time").
Following the Effective Time, the ADSs will no longer be listed on
the NYSE, and the Company will cease to be a publicly-traded
company and will be a privately-held, indirect wholly-owned
subsidiary of Tencent.
Merger Consideration
Under the terms
of the Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger, at the Effective
Time (a) each issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary
Share immediately prior to the Effective Time, other than Excluded
Shares (as defined below), will be cancelled in exchange for the
right for the holders thereof to receive $9.00 in cash per
Class A Ordinary Share without interest and net of any
applicable withholding taxes for the Class A Ordinary Shares
(the "Per Share Merger Consideration"), (b) each ADS,
each representing one Class A Ordinary Share, issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than
ADSs representing Excluded Shares), will be cancelled in exchange
for the right to receive $9.00 in cash per ADS (the "Per ADS
Merger Consideration"), less $0.05 per ADS cancellation fees
and other fees as applicable pursuant to the terms of the deposit
agreement, dated November 8, 2017, by and among the Company,
The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary for ADSs (the
"Depositary"), and all holders from time to time of ADSs
issued thereunder (the "Deposit Agreement"), without
interest and net of any applicable withholding taxes for the ADSs,
(c) each Class A Ordinary Share and each Class B
Ordinary Share held by Parent that are issued and outstanding will
be converted into one Class A ordinary share or one
Class B ordinary share, respectively, of the Surviving
Company, all of which shall be registered in the name of THL, being
the sole shareholder of Parent immediately prior to the Effective
Time, and (d) each other Excluded Share issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time will automatically be
cancelled and cease to exist, without payment of any consideration
or distribution therefor.
The
"Excluded Shares" include: (a) Shares held by Sohu
Search; (b) Shares held by THL, Parent, the Company or any of
their subsidiaries; (c) Shares underlying outstanding
restricted share awards (the "Restricted Shares") granted
under the Company's 2010 Share Incentive Plan or 2017 Share
Incentive Plan (collectively, the "Company Equity Plans");
and (d) Shares (including ADSs corresponding to such Shares)
held by the Depositary and reserved for issuance and allocation
pursuant to the Company Equity Plans.
At the
Effective Time, each share of Parent issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time will be cancelled and cease
to exist, without payment of any consideration or distribution
therefor.
Treatment of Vested Company Options
Each option to
purchase Class A Ordinary Shares (each a "Company
Option") granted under the Company Equity Plans that is vested
and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (the
"Vested Company Option") will be cancelled as of the
Effective Time in exchange for the holder's right to receive an
amount of cash (the "Option Consideration") equal to
(a) the excess, if any, of (i) the Per Share Merger
Consideration over (ii) the exercise price per Class A
Ordinary Share subject to such Vested Company Option, multiplied by
(b) the number of Class A Ordinary Shares underlying such
Vested Company Option.
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Treatment of Unvested Company Options and Restricted
Shares
Each Company
Option granted under a Company Equity Plan that is outstanding but
is unvested immediately prior to the Effective Time (an
"Unvested Company Option") will be cancelled as of the
Effective Time in exchange for the holder's right to receive a
restricted cash award (a "Restricted Cash Award"), to be
issued by the Surviving Company, in an amount of cash equal to the
product of (a) the excess, if any, of (i) the Per Share
Merger Consideration over (ii) the exercise price per
Class A Ordinary Share subject to such Unvested Company
Option, multiplied by (b) the number of Class A Ordinary
Shares underlying such Unvested Company Option. Each Restricted
Share (together with the Unvested Company Options, collectively,
the "Unvested Equity Awards") that is outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time will be cancelled as of the
Effective Time in exchange for the holder's right to receive a
Restricted Cash Award in an amount of cash equal to the Per Share
Merger Consideration. Any Restricted Cash Award issued by the
Surviving Company in respect of any Unvested Equity Award will be
subject to the same vesting conditions and schedules applicable to
such Unvested Equity Award without giving effect to the Merger, and
on the date, and to the extent, that any Unvested Equity Award
would have become vested without giving effect to the Merger, such
corresponding portion of the Restricted Cash Award will be
delivered to the holder of such Restricted Cash Award as soon as
practicable thereafter.
Representations and Warranties
The Merger
Agreement contains representations and warranties made by the
Company to THL and Parent and representations and warranties made
by THL and Parent to the Company, in each case, as of specific
dates. The statements embodied in those representations and
warranties are made for purposes of the Merger Agreement and are
subject to important qualifications and limitations agreed to by
the parties in negotiating the terms of the Merger Agreement. In
addition, some of those representations and warranties may be
subject to a contractual standard of materiality different from
that generally applicable to shareholders, and may have been made
for the principal purposes of establishing the circumstances in
which a party to the Merger Agreement may have the right not to
consummate the Merger if the representations and warranties of the
other party prove to be untrue due to a change in circumstance or
otherwise and allocating risks between the parties to the Merger
Agreement rather than establishing matters as facts. The
representations and warranties made by the Company are also
qualified by its public disclosure and filings with the SEC after
November 8, 2017 and prior to the date of the Merger Agreement
and a disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to THL and
Parent contemporaneously with the execution of the Merger
Agreement.
The
representations and warranties made by the Company to THL and
Parent include representations and warranties relating to, among
other things:
- •
- due organization,
valid existence, good standing and qualification or license to
carry on the Company's business;
- •
- compliance with the
Company's memorandum and articles of association;
- •
- the capitalization of
the Company, including with respect to the number and type of
Shares;
- •
- except for Company
Options outstanding under the Company Equity Plans, the absence of
(i) any options, warrants, or other rights or commitments of
any kind relating to the issued or unissued capital shares of the
Company obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue
or sell any equity interest in the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
to grant any such option, warrant, or other such similar rights or
commitments or (ii) any outstanding obligation of the Company
or its Subsidiaries to repurchase any equity securities of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
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- •
- the Company's
corporate power and authority to execute, deliver, and perform its
obligations under the Merger Agreement and to consummate the
transactions contemplated thereby, and the enforceability of the
Merger Agreement against the Company;
- •
- the receipt of a
fairness opinion from Duff & Phelps, LLC
("Duff & Phelps"), as financial advisor to the
Special Committee;
- •
- the Sogou Board's
authorization and approval (acting upon the recommendation of the
Special Committee) of the Merger Agreement, the Merger, and the
related transactions;
- •
- the absence of any
conflict with or breach of the governing documents of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, any agreement to which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party, or any governmental order or
applicable law arising from the execution, delivery, and
performance of the Merger Agreement by the Company or the
completion of the Merger or any of the related transactions;
- •
- the validity of all
approvals of, and filings and registrations and other requisite
formalities with, governmental entities required to be made by the
Company or its Subsidiaries;
- •
- the absence of any
violations of applicable anticorruption laws;
- •
- the Company's audited
and unaudited financial statements filed with or furnished to the
SEC since November 8, 2017 having been prepared in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
("GAAP") and having presented fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position, results of operations,
shareholders' equity, and cash flows of the Company and its
Subsidiaries as of and for the periods presented;
- •
- the absence of
material undisclosed liabilities;
- •
- compliance with the
applicable provisions of the United States Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002;
- •
- the Company's
disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over
financial reporting;
- •
- no untrue or
misleading information in the Schedule 13E-3;
- •
- the absence of any
Material Adverse Effect (as defined below) since December 31,
2019;
- •
- the absence of any
legal proceedings and governmental orders against the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, which would have a Material Adverse
Effect;
- •
- employee benefit and
compensation plans;
- •
- labor and employment
matters;
- •
- properties;
- •
- intellectual
property;
- •
- privacy and data
security;
- •
- taxes;
- •
- absence of secured
creditors;
- •
- material contracts
and the absence of any default under, or breach or violation of,
any material contract;
- •
- environmental
matters;
- •
- insurance;
- •
- interested party
transactions;
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- •
- the absence of a
shareholder rights agreement or plan and the inapplicability of
certain anti-takeover laws to the Merger Agreement and the
Merger;
- •
- the absence of any
broker's or finder's fees, other than with respect to the financial
advisor to the Special Committee;
- •
- authority and
validity of contractual arrangements through which the Company
exerts effective control over its VIEs; and
- •
- the absence of any
other representations and warranties by the Company to THL or
Parent, other than the representations and warranties made by the
Company in the Merger Agreement.
Many of the
representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement made by the
Company are qualified as to "materiality" or "Material Adverse
Effect." For purposes of the Merger Agreement, a "Material Adverse
Effect" means any event, circumstance, change, development,
condition or effect (each, an "Effect") that, individually
or in the aggregate, is or would reasonably be expected to
(i) be materially adverse to business, condition (financial or
otherwise), assets, liabilities or results of operations of the
Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, or (ii) prevent
or materially delay the consummation of the Merger; provided,
however, for the purpose of clause (i) above, that any Effect
resulting from the following shall not be deemed to constitute a
Material Adverse Effect or shall be taken into account when
determining whether a Material Adverse Effect has occurred or would
reasonably be expected to occur:
- (a)
- changes in general
economic conditions or changes in securities markets in
general;
- (b)
- the public
announcement of the Merger, including the initiation of litigation
or other legal proceeding by any person with respect to the Merger
Agreement or the Merger or any losses of employees resulting from
the public announcement of the Merger;
- (c)
- any change in GAAP or
interpretation thereof or any change in applicable laws or the
interpretation or enforcement thereof;
- (d)
- changes that are the
result of factors generally affecting the industries in which the
Company operates;
- (e)
- changes affecting the
financial, credit or securities markets in which the Company
operates, including changes in interest rates or foreign exchange
rates;
- (f)
- any failure by the
Company to meet any estimates, forecasts or expectations of the
Company's revenue, earnings or other financial performance or
results of operation or a change in the Company's credit ratings
(it being understood that this clause (f) shall not include
the Effects giving rise to or contributing to such failure to meet
any estimates, forecasts or expectations or change in credit
ratings);
- (g)
- natural disasters,
acts of sabotage or terrorism or armed hostilities, or war (whether
or not declared);
- (h)
- changes in the market
price or trading volume of the ADSs; and
- (i)
- actions taken (or
omitted to be taken) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that
are required by, or are otherwise requested by, THL or Parent in
writing;
provided that if any
Effect described in clauses (a), (c), (d), (e) and (g),
individually or in the aggregate, has a disproportionate adverse
impact on the Company and its Subsidiaries relative to other
comparable industry participants, then the impact of such Effect
shall be taken into account for the purpose of determining whether
a Material Adverse Effect has occurred.
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The
representations and warranties made by THL and Parent to the
Company include representations and warranties relating to, among
other things:
- •
- their due
organization, valid existence and good standing;
- •
- their corporate power
and authority to execute, deliver and perform their obligations
under the Merger Agreement and to consummate the Merger, and the
enforceability of the Merger Agreement against them;
- •
- the absence of any
conflict with or breach of the governing documents of THL or
Parent, any agreement to which THL or Parent is a party, or any
governmental order or applicable law arising from the execution,
delivery, and performance of the Merger Agreement by THL or Parent
or the completion of the Merger or any of the related
transactions;
- •
- the capitalization of
Parent and THL's ownership of Parent;
- •
- sufficiency of funds
to pay the merger consideration and any other amounts required to
be paid in connection with the consummation of the Merger;
- •
- the absence of any
broker's, finder's or financial advisor's fees, except as otherwise
disclosed;
- •
- no untrue or
misleading information in the Schedule 13E-3;
- •
- the absence of legal
proceedings against THL or Parent that would reasonably be expected
to prevent or materially impair or delay the consummation of the
Merger;
- •
- the independent
investigation of the Company and its Subsidiaries by THL;
- •
- non-reliance by THL
or Parent on any estimates, projections and other predictions for
the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries provided by the
Company; and
- •
- the absence of any
other representations and warranties by THL or Parent to the
Company, other than the representations and warranties made by THL
or Parent in the Merger Agreement.
Conduct of Business Pending the Merger
Except as
expressly contemplated by the Merger Agreement, as required by
applicable laws, or as consented to in writing by THL (which
consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or
delayed), during the period from the date of the Merger Agreement
until the Effective Time or the earlier termination of the Merger
Agreement, the Company will and will cause its Subsidiaries to,
(i) conduct its business in a lawfully permitted manner in the
ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with past
practice, (ii) use reasonable best efforts to preserve their
business organization intact, keep available the services of the
current officers and employees, preserve their current relationship
with governmental authorities, customers, suppliers and those
persons with whom the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has a
material relation, and (iii) not do any of the
following:
- •
- amend its memorandum
and articles of association or equivalent organizational
documents;
- •
- issue, sell, pledge,
lease, assign, license or otherwise transfer, dispose of or
encumber any (a) share of the Company or its Subsidiaries,
(b) any property or assets of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, or (c) any material intellectual property owned
by the Company or its Subsidiaries;
- •
- declare, set aside or
pay any dividend on or make any other distributions (whether in
cash, stock, property or otherwise) with respect to shares of
capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except for
distributions from any Subsidiary of the Company to the Company or
any of its other Subsidiaries consistent with past
practice;
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- •
- split, combine,
subdivide, reclassify or redeem any shares of capital stock of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
- •
- effect any
liquidation, dissolution, scheme of arrangement, merger,
consolidation, amalgamation, restructuring, reorganization or
similar transaction involving the Company or its
Subsidiaries;
- •
- acquire (including by
purchase, merger, spin-off, consolidation, scheme of arrangement,
amalgamation or acquisition of stock or assets, or otherwise) any
assets, property, or securities with a value in excess of
$5,000,000 in the aggregate;
- •
- make any capital
contribution or investment in any corporation, partnership, other
business organization or any division thereof with a value in
excess of $5,000,000 in the aggregate;
- •
- incur, assume, alter,
amend or modify any indebtedness, or guarantee any indebtedness, or
issue any debt securities or make any loans or advances;
- •
- create or grant any
lien, other than a permitted lien, on any assets of the Company or
its Subsidiaries;
- •
- authorize, or make
any commitment with respect to, any single capital expenditure
which is in excess of $5,000,000 or capital expenditures which are,
in the aggregate, in excess of $10,000,000 for the Company and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
- •
- except as required by
law, (a) enter into new employment agreements or terminated
any such employment agreements for an aggregate annual compensation
of more than $200,000; (b) grant termination or severance
benefits; (c) increase bonus or compensation payments, or pay
any bonuses to employees, except in the ordinary course of business
and in a manner consistent with past practice; (d) adopt or
amend any benefit plan or amend the terms of any outstanding equity
awards; (e) accelerate any vesting of equity under any share
incentive plans; (f) change how contributions to any employee
plan are calculated; or (g) forgive any loan to any
employee;
- •
- issue or grant any
equity awards under the Company Equity Plans;
- •
- make any change to
any credit practice, method of financial accounting or the
financial accounting policies or procedures of the Company or its
Subsidiaries, except as required by a change in GAAP;
- •
- enter into, amend,
modify or consent to the termination of any material contract (or
any contract that, if existing as of the date of the Merger
Agreement, would be a material contract) which calls for annual
aggregate payments of $2,500,000 or more, or amend, waive, modify
or consent to termination of any rights thereunder, except for
renewal of a material contract in substantially the same form, with
similar terms;
- •
- enter into any
material contract with an affiliate, officer, director or employee
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
- •
- terminate or cancel,
let lapse, or amend or modify in any material respect, other than
renewals in the ordinary course of business, any material insurance
policies maintained by it which are not promptly replaced by a
comparable amount of insurance coverage;
- •
- commerce, settle,
release, waive or compromise any legal action, proceeding or
investigation, pending or threatened against the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, in each case in an amount exceeding $200,000
individually or $5,000,000 in the aggregate, other than in
accordance with the terms of any disclosed material
contracts;
- •
- permit any
intellectual property owned by any the Company or its Subsidiaries
to lapse or to be abandoned, dedicated, or disclaimed, fail to
perform or make any applicable filings, recordings
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or other similar
actions or filings, or fail to pay all required fees and taxes
required to maintain and protect its interest in such intellectual
property;
- •
- fail to make in a
timely manner any filings or registrations with the SEC required
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act
or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder;
- •
- enter into any
transaction involving any material earn-out or similar payment
payable by the Company or its Subsidiaries, other than payments in
connection with purchases of vehicles, plant, equipment, supplies
or computers in the ordinary course of business;
- •
- enter into any new
line of business that is material to the Company and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
- •
- make or change any
material tax election, materially amend any tax return, enter into
any closing agreement with respect to taxes, surrender any right to
claim a material refund of taxes, settle or finally resolve any
controversy with respect to taxes or materially change any method
of tax accounting, except as required by law;
- •
- take or omit to take
any action that would reasonably be expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect;
- •
- carry out fundraising
or accept contribution from any person for the purpose of carrying
out the Company's online lending and microcredit business; extend
or facilitate or permit the incurrence of any new loan or advance
under the online lending and microcredit program; or otherwise
expand the Company's online lending and microcredit business;
or
- •
- agree or commit to do
any of the foregoing.
No Solicitation; Change in Company Approval
The Company has
agreed that it will and will cause each of its Subsidiaries and
their respective representatives acting in such capacity
(i) to immediately cease and cause to be terminated any and
all existing discussions or negotiations, if any, with any third
party conducted prior to the date of the Merger Agreement with
respect to any Competing Transaction (as defined below), and shall
request any such third party to return to the Company or destroy
any nonpublic information concerning the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, and (ii) not to release any third party from, or
waive or amend, any standstill, confidentiality or similar
agreement or takeover statutes.
In addition,
the Company has agreed that it will not, and will cause each of its
Subsidiaries not to, from the date of the Merger Agreement until
the Effective Time or, if earlier, the termination of the Merger
Agreement, directly or indirectly, (i) solicit, initiate,
knowingly encourage, or take any other action to knowingly
facilitate, any inquiry, proposal or offer that constitutes or
would reasonably be expected to result in a Competing Transaction,
(ii) engage in, continue or otherwise participate in any
discussions or negotiations with, or provide any nonpublic
information with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
to, any third party in furtherance of or in order to obtain any
inquiry, proposal or offer that constitutes or would reasonably be
expected to result in any Competing Transaction, (iii) agree
to, approve, endorse, recommend or consummate, or enter into any
letter of intent or other contract contemplating or otherwise
relating to any proposal or offer that constitutes or would
reasonably be expected to result in a Competing Transaction, or
(iv) agree or authorize to do any of the foregoing.
As used in the
Merger Agreement, a "Competing Transaction" means any proposal or
offer relating to (i) any merger, consolidation, share
exchange, business combination, scheme of arrangement,
amalgamation, recapitalization, liquidation, dissolution or other
similar transaction involving the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries whose assets, individually or in the aggregate,
constitute 20% or
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more of the
consolidated assets of the Company or to which 20% or more of the
total revenue or operating income of the Company are attributable;
(ii) any sale, exchange, transfer or other disposition of
assets or businesses that constitute or represent 20% or more of
the total revenue, operating income or assets of the Company and
its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (iii) any sale, exchange,
transfer or other disposition of 20% or more of any class of equity
securities or voting power of the Company, or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for 20% or more of any class of
equity securities of the Company; (iv) any tender offer or
exchange offer that, if consummated, would result in any person
beneficially owning 20% or more of any class of equity securities
or voting power of the Company; or (v) any combination of the
foregoing.
The Company has
agreed to notify THL within forty-eight (48) hours after its
receipt of any inquiry, proposal or offer, or any request for
nonpublic information on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries by
any third party which indicates that it is considering making or
has made a proposal or offer, that constitutes or would reasonably
be expected to result in any Competing Transaction. Such notice
shall specify in writing in reasonable detail (i) the material
terms and conditions thereof, (ii) the identity of the third
party making such inquiry, proposal, offer, request or contact, and
(iii) whether the Company has any intention to provide
confidential information to such person.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, if the Company or any of its representatives
receives an unsolicited, bona fide written proposal or offer
regarding a Competing Transaction, (i) the Company and its
representatives may contact such person solely to request
clarification of the terms and conditions thereof to the extent the
Special Committee has determined in good faith that such contact is
necessary to determine whether such proposal or offer constitutes
or would reasonably be expected to result in a Superior Proposal
(as defined below), and (ii) if the Special Committee has
determined, in its good faith judgment, after consultation with its
financial advisor and outside legal counsel, that such proposal or
offer constitutes or would reasonably be expected to result in a
Superior Proposal and that failure to take such action would
violate its fiduciary duties to the Company and its shareholders,
(A) provide information in response to the request of the
third party who has made such proposal or offer pursuant to an
executed confidentiality agreement between the Company and such
person, and (B) engage in or otherwise participate in
discussions or negotiations with the third party making such
proposal or offer.
As used in the
Merger Agreement, a "Superior Proposal" means any unsolicited,
written, bona fide offer or proposal with respect to a Competing
Transaction that the Sogou Board (acting upon the recommendation of
the Special Committee) has determined in good faith (i) is
reasonably likely to be consummated in accordance with its terms
and (ii) would, if consummated, result in a transaction that
is more favorable from a financial point of view to the
shareholders of the Company than the Merger, in each case, after
(a) consultation with its financial advisor and outside legal
counsel and (b) taking into account all such factors and
matters deemed relevant in good faith by the Sogou Board, including
legal, financial (including the financing terms of any such
proposal), regulatory, timing or other aspects of such proposal and
the Merger; provided, that for purposes of the definition of
"Superior Proposal", the references to "20%" in the definition of
Competing Transaction shall be deemed to be references to "50%";
provided, further, that any such offer shall not be deemed to be a
"Superior Proposal" if (i) such offer is subject to the
conduct of any due diligence review or investigation of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries by the party making the offer,
(ii) any financing required to consummate the transaction
contemplated by such offer is not then fully committed and
non-contingent, or (iii) the consummation of the transaction
contemplated by such offer is conditional upon receipt of
financing.
Neither the
Sogou Board nor the Special Committee may (i) change,
withhold, withdraw, qualify or modify, or propose to change,
withhold, withdraw, qualify or modify, in a manner adverse to THL
or Parent, any recommendation or approval that the Sogou Board or
the Special Committee has previously made or resolved with respect
to the Merger and the related transactions, (ii) adopt,
approve or recommend, or propose to adopt, approve or recommend to
the shareholders of the Company, any Competing Transaction,
(iii) if a tender offer or exchange offer that constitutes
a
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Competing Transaction
is commenced, fail to publicly recommend against acceptance of such
tender offer or exchange offer by the Company shareholders
(including, for these purposes, by disclosing that it is taking no
position with respect to the acceptance of such tender offer or
exchange offer by its shareholders, which shall constitute a
failure to recommend against acceptance of such tender offer or
exchange offer) within ten (10) business days after
commencement thereof, (iv) fail to recommend against any
Competing Transaction subject to Regulation 14D under the
Exchange Act in a Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on
Schedule 14D-9 within ten (10) business days after the
commencement of such Competing Transaction, or (v) propose,
cause or permit the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to enter
into any letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement
in principle, merger agreement, acquisition agreement or other or
similar document or contract with respect to any Competing
Transaction (any of the foregoing actions, a "Change in the
Company Approval").
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, prior to the consummation of the Merger, if the
Company has received a bona fide written proposal or offer with
respect to a Competing Transaction which was not withdrawn and the
Sogou Board (acting upon recommendation of the Special Committee)
has determined in its good faith judgment, after consultation with
its financial advisor and outside legal counsel, that such proposal
or offer constitutes a Superior Proposal and that failure to make a
Change in the Company Approval would violate its fiduciary duties
to the Company and its shareholders, the Sogou Board (acting upon
recommendation of the Special Committee) may effect a Change in the
Company Approval with respect to such Superior Proposal; provided,
that, (i) the Company has materially complied with the no
solicitation obligations under the Merger Agreement described above
with respect to such proposal or offer; (ii) the Company has
(a) provided at least five (5) business days' prior
written notice to THL advising THL that the Sogou Board has
received a Superior Proposal, specifying the material terms and
conditions of such Superior Proposal (and providing any proposed
agreements related thereto), identifying the person making such
Superior Proposal and indicating that the Sogou Board intends to
effect a Change in the Company Approval, (b) negotiated with
and caused its representatives to negotiate with THL and its
representatives in good faith during such notice period to make
such adjustments in the terms and conditions of the Merger
Agreement, so that such third party proposal or offer would cease
to constitute a Superior Proposal, and (c) permitted THL and
its representatives to make a presentation to the Sogou Board and
the Special Committee regarding the Merger Agreement and any
adjustments with respect thereto; and (iii) following the end
of such five (5) business day notice period, the Sogou Board
(acting upon recommendation of the Special Committee) has
determined in its good faith judgment, after consultation with its
financial advisor and outside legal counsel and taking into account
any changes to the Merger Agreement proposed by THL, that the
proposal or offer with respect to the Competing Transaction
continues to constitute a Superior Proposal and that failure to
make a Change in the Company Approval would violate its fiduciary
duties to the Company and its shareholders; provided further, that
any material modifications or changes to such third party proposal
or offer will be deemed a new Superior Proposal and the Company
will be required to again comply with the foregoing requirements,
except that with respect to such new Superior Proposal, the notice
periods will be deemed to be a three (3) business day period
rather than a five (5) business day period.
In addition,
the Sogou Board (acting upon recommendation of the Special
Committee) or the Special Committee may direct the Company to
terminate the Merger Agreement (such a termination, the
"Intervening Event Termination") if and only if (i) a
material development or change in circumstances has occurred or
arisen after the date of the Merger Agreement that was not known
to, or reasonably foreseeable by, any member of the Special
Committee as of or prior to the date of the Merger Agreement and
did not result from or arise out of the announcement or pendency
of, or any actions required to be taken by the Company (or to be
refrained from being taken by the Company) pursuant to, the Merger
Agreement (an "Intervening Event"), provided, that in no
event will the following developments or changes in circumstances
constitute an Intervening Event: (a) the receipt, existence,
or terms of a proposal or offer regarding a Competing Transaction
or any matter relating
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thereto or consequence
thereof or any inquiry, proposal, offer, or transaction from any
third party relating to or in connection with a Competing
Transaction (which, for the purposes of the Intervening Event
definition, shall be read without reference to the percentage
thresholds set forth in the definition thereof), or (b) any
change in the price, or change in trading volume, of the Shares or
the ADSs (provided, however, that the exception to this
clause (b) shall not apply to the underlying causes giving
rise to or contributing to such change or prevent any of such
underlying causes from being taken into account in determining
whether an Intervening Event has occurred), (ii) the Sogou
Board has first reasonably determined in good faith, after
consultation with its financial advisor and outside legal counsel,
that failure to do so would reasonably be expected to violate its
fiduciary duties to the Company and its shareholders under
applicable law, (iii) five (5) business days have elapsed
since the Company has given written notice of such Intervening
Event Termination to THL advising that it intends to take such
action and specifying in reasonable detail the reasons therefor and
including a reasonably detailed written description of the
Intervening Event, (iv) during such five (5) business day
period, the Company has considered and, if requested by THL,
engaged in good faith discussions with THL regarding, any
adjustment or modification to the terms of the Merger Agreement
proposed by THL, and (v) the Sogou Board (acting upon
recommendation of the Special Committee) or the Special Committee,
following such five (5) business day period, again reasonably
determines in good faith, after consultation with its financial
advisor and outside legal counsel and taking into account any
adjustment or modification to the terms of the Merger Agreement
proposed by THL, that failure to do so would reasonably be expected
to violate its fiduciary duties to the Company and its shareholders
under applicable law.
Directors' and Officers' Indemnification and
Insurance
The memorandum
and articles of association of the Surviving Company are required
to contain provisions no less favorable with respect to exculpation
and indemnification than are set forth in the memorandum and
articles of association of the Company as in effect on the date of
the Merger Agreement, which provisions may not be amended, repealed
or otherwise modified for a period of six (6) years from the
Effective Time in any manner that would affect adversely the rights
thereunder of individuals who, at or prior to the Effective Time,
were directors, officers, employees, fiduciaries or agents of the
Company, unless such modification is required by law.
The Surviving
Company is required to maintain in effect, for a period of six
(6) years after the Effective Time, the current policies of
directors' and officers' liability insurance maintained by the
Company, or a substitute policy of at least the same coverage
containing terms and conditions that are no less favorable, with
respect to matters occurring prior to the Effective Time. The
Surviving Company will not be obligated to make annual premium
payments for such insurance to the extent such premiums exceed 300%
of current annual premiums paid by the Company for such insurance
(such 300% amount, the "Max Annual Premium"). In lieu of the
foregoing insurance, the Company may elect to purchase a directors'
and officers' liability insurance "tail" or "runoff' insurance for
a period of six (6) years after the Effective Time, with the
annual premium not exceeding the Max Annual Premium.
Certain Additional Covenants
The Merger
Agreement also contains covenants of the Company, on the one hand,
and THL and Parent, on the other hand, relating to, among other
matters:
- •
- the filing of this
Transaction Statement with the SEC (and cooperation in response to
any comments from the SEC);
- •
- access by Parent and
its representatives to the offices, properties, books, records of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and other information
between the date of the Merger Agreement and
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the earlier of the
Effective Time and the termination of the Merger Agreement (subject
to all applicable legal or contractual obligations and
restrictions);
- •
- the use of reasonable
best efforts by each party to (i) consummate the Merger and
the related transactions; (ii) obtain from any governmental
entity any consent, license, permit, waiver, approval,
authorization or order required for the completion of the Merger
and the related transactions, and (iii) make all necessary
filings and submissions with respect to the Merger Agreement, the
Merger, and the other transactions contemplated thereby; provided
that neither THL nor its affiliates will be required to sell,
divest, lease, license, transfer, dispose of or otherwise encumber
or hold separate, before or after the Effective Time, any of the
assets, licenses, operations, rights, products or businesses held
by any of them prior to the Effective Time, or any interest
therein, or to agree to any material change (including through a
licensing arrangement) or restriction on, or other impairment of
THL's or its affiliates' ability to own, manage or operate, any
such assets, licenses, operations, rights, products or businesses,
or any interest therein, or THL's ability to vote, transfer,
receive dividends or otherwise exercise full ownership rights with
respect to the shares of the Surviving Company (any of the
foregoing actions, a "Non-Required Remedy");
- •
- the use of reasonable
best efforts by each party to take action necessary so that no
takeover, anti-takeover, moratorium, "fair price," "control share,"
or other similar law is or becomes applicable to the Merger or any
of the related transactions; and
- •
- the delisting of the
Class A Ordinary Shares and ADSs from the NYSE, and the
termination of the registration of the Class A Ordinary Shares
and ADSs under the Exchange Act, as promptly as practicable after
the Effective Time;
- •
- consultation with
respect to public announcements relating to the Merger Agreement
and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement;
and
- •
- participation in the
defense and settlement of any shareholder litigation relating to
the Merger Agreement or the transactions contemplated
thereby.
Conditions to the Merger
The obligations
of each party to effect the Merger are subject to the satisfaction
or waiver (if permitted by law) of the following
conditions:
- •
- no law, statute,
rule, or regulation having been enacted or promulgated or order
issued by any governmental entity of competent jurisdiction which
prohibits or makes illegal the consummation of the Merger and the
related transactions;
- •
- not less than
20 days having elapsed following the date when this
Transaction Statement was first mailed to the Company's
shareholders; and
- •
- the transactions
under the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement having been
consummated.
The obligations
of THL and Parent to complete the Merger are also subject to the
satisfaction or waiver at or prior to the Effective Time of the
following conditions:
- •
- the representations
and warranties of the Company in the Merger Agreement regarding the
share capital of the Company being true and correct in all respects
(except for de minimis
inaccuracies), at the date of the Merger Agreement
and as of the Effective Time, except that any such representations
and warranties that by their terms speak as of a specific date need
be true and correct only as of such date;
- •
- the representations
and warranties in the Merger Agreement regarding organization,
qualification, authority, absence of conflicts, and brokers being
true and correct in all respects, at
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the date of the Merger
Agreement and as of the Effective Time, except that any such
representations and warranties that by their terms speak as of a
specific date need be true and correct only as of such
date;
- •
- each of the other
representations and warranties of the Company in the Merger
Agreement being true and correct in all respects (without giving
effect to any "materiality," "Material Adverse Effect" or similar
qualifier), at the date of the Merger Agreement and as of the
Effective Time, except that any such representations and warranties
that by their terms speak as of a specific date need be true and
correct only as of such date, except to the extent any failures to
be true and correct would not, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Effect;
- •
- the Company having
performed or complied in all material respects with all agreements
and covenants required to be performed or complied with by it under
the Merger Agreement at or prior to the Effective Time;
- •
- since the date of the
Merger Agreement, no Material Adverse Effect having occurred that
is continuing;
- •
- THL having received a
certificate signed on behalf of the Company by a duly authorized
executive officer of the Company certifying as to the satisfaction
of each of the foregoing conditions;
- •
- all regulatory
filings, permits, authorizations, consents and approvals that are
required by applicable PRC laws to be made or obtained (the "PRC
Regulatory Filings or Approvals") having been duly made or
obtained, or the statutory clearance or non-objection period in
respect of any such regulatory filing or notification having
expired and no objection having been raised, in each case in
accordance with applicable PRC laws, and no Non-Required Remedy has
been imposed; and
- •
- the Company having
delivered to THL certain documents relating to control over its
VIEs and documents evidencing any requested
resignations.
The obligations
of the Company to effect the Merger are also subject to the
satisfaction or waiver of the following conditions:
- •
- the representations
and warranties of THL and Parent set forth in the Merger Agreement
being true and correct in all respects (without giving effect to
any "materiality," "Material Adverse Effect" or similar qualifier),
at the date of the Merger Agreement and as of the Effective Time,
except that any such representations and warranties that by their
terms speak as of a specific date need be true and correct only as
of such date, except to the extent any failures to be true and
correct would not, and would not reasonably be expected to,
individually or in the aggregate, prevent, materially delay or
materially impede the consummation of the Merger by THL or
Parent;
- •
- THL and Parent having
performed or complied in all material respects with all agreements
and covenants required to be performed or complied with by them
under the Merger Agreement at or prior to the Effective Time;
and
- •
- the Company having
received a certificate signed on behalf of THL by a director of THL
certifying as to the satisfaction of each of the foregoing
conditions.
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Termination of the Merger Agreement
The Merger
Agreement may be terminated and the Merger and the other
transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and Plan of
Merger may be abandoned, at any time prior to the Effective Time,
as follows:
- •
- by mutual written
consent of the Company (acting upon the recommendation of the
Special Committee) and THL;
- •
- by either the Company
(acting upon the recommendation of the Special Committee) or
THL:
- •
- if the Effective Time
has not occurred by 11:59 pm, New York City time on July 31,
2021 (the "Termination Date"); provided, that the right to
so terminate the Merger Agreement shall not be available to any
party whose failure to fulfill any of its obligations under the
Merger Agreement has been the primary cause of the Effective Time
not occurring on or prior to the Termination Date; or
- •
- if a governmental
entity of competent jurisdiction issues a final, non-appealable
order, decree or ruling which has the effect of making consummation
of the Merger illegal or otherwise preventing or prohibiting
consummation of the Merger; provided that the right to so terminate
the Merger Agreement shall not be available to any party whose
failure to fulfill any of its obligations under the Merger
Agreement has been the primary cause of such order, decree or
ruling;
- •
- by the
Company:
- •
- if there has been a
breach by THL or Parent of any representation, warranty, covenant
or agreement set forth in the Merger Agreement, which breach would
result in the corresponding closing condition regarding accuracy of
such representations and warranties or compliance with covenants
not being satisfied, and such breach is not curable or, if curable,
has not been cured within the earlier of 30 calendar days after the
receipt of notice thereof or the Termination Date, provided that
such right to terminate will not be available to the Company if it
is then in material breach of any representation, warranty,
covenant or agreement of the Company set forth in the Merger
Agreement;
- •
- if the Sogou Board
(acting upon the recommendation of the Special Committee) has
effected a Change in the Company Approval as a result of a Superior
Proposal and the Company, concurrently with or promptly after the
termination of the Merger Agreement, enters into a definitive
agreement with respect to such Superior Proposal, provided that
prior to or concurrently with such termination the Company has paid
in full the Company Termination Fee (as defined below);
- •
- if the Sogou Board
(acting upon the recommendation of the Special Committee) or the
Special Committee has approved an Intervening Event Termination;
or
- •
- if (i) all of
the conditions to closing for the obligations of THL and Parent to
consummate the Merger have been satisfied, (ii) the Company
has irrevocably confirmed by written notice to THL that all
conditions to closing for the obligations of the Company have been
satisfied, or that it is willing to waive any unsatisfied
condition, and that the Company is ready, willing and able to
complete the Merger, and (iii) THL and Parent fail to effect
the closing within five (5) business days following the later
of the date the closing should have occurred pursuant to the terms
of the Merger Agreement and THL's receipt of the written notice
from the Company;
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- •
- by THL:
- •
- if there has been a
breach by the Company of any representation, warranty, covenant or
agreement set forth in the Merger Agreement, which breach would
result in the corresponding closing condition regarding accuracy of
such representations and warranties or compliance with covenants
not being satisfied, and such breach is not curable or, if curable,
has not been cured within the earlier of 30 calendar days after the
receipt of notice thereof or the Termination Date, provided that
such right to terminate will not be available to THL if either THL
or Parent is then in material breach of any representation,
warranty, covenant or agreement of THL or Parent set forth in the
Merger Agreement; or
- •
- if the Sogou Board or
any committee thereof (including the Special Committee) has
effected a Change in the Company Approval.
Termination Fees
The Company is
required to pay Parent a termination fee of $30,000,000 (the
"Company Termination Fee") if the Merger Agreement is
terminated (i) by THL due to a breach or failure to perform by
the Company of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement
set forth therein, (ii) by THL due to a Change in the Company
Approval, (iii) by the Company as a result of a Change in the
Company Approval in light of a Superior Proposal and the Company's
entry into a definitive agreement with respect to such Superior
Proposal, (iv) by the Company as an Intervening Event
Termination, or (v) by either the Company or THL (a) as a
result of the Effective Time not occurring prior to the Termination
Date (except in the case that the THL Termination Fee is payable as
described below) and (b) after the date of the Merger
Agreement and prior to the termination of the Merger Agreement, a
Competing Transaction has been made known to the Company, or has
been publicly announced or disclosed and not withdrawn, and
(c) within twelve (12) months of such termination the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries consummates or enters into any
definitive agreement in connection with a Competing Transaction
(provided that for this purpose, all references to "20%" in the
definition of "Competing Transaction" are deemed to be references
to "50%").
THL is required
to pay the Company a termination fee of $60,000,000 (the "THL
Termination Fee") if the Merger Agreement is terminated
(i) by the Company due to (a) a breach or failure to
perform by THL or Parent of any representation, warranty, covenant
or agreement set forth therein, or (b) the failure of THL to
effect the closing within five (5) business days following the
later of the date the closing should have occurred pursuant to the
terms of the Merger Agreement and THL's receipt of the written
notice from the Company that it is willing to waive any unsatisfied
condition to its obligation to effect the Merger, and that the
Company is ready, willing and able to complete the Merger, if all
other closing conditions have been satisfied or duly waived; or
(ii) by either the Company or THL (a) because the closing
of the Merger has failed to occur prior to the Termination Date or
a government entity has entered an order, decree or ruling
prohibiting or preventing the Merger (to the extent the relevant
order primarily relates to any PRC Regulatory Filing or Approval),
and (b) all conditions to closing other than (1) the
condition related to there being no order, decree or ruling
prohibiting or preventing the Merger (to the extent the relevant
order primarily relates to any PRC Regulatory Filing or Approval)
and/or (2) the condition that all PRC Regulatory Filings or
Approvals have been duly made or obtained have been satisfied or
waived (other than those that by their terms are to be satisfied at
the closing, provided that such conditions are capable of being
satisfied at the time of the termination by the Company or THL as
if such time were the closing), and (c) the Company is in
compliance with its covenants with respect to the relevant PRC
Regulatory Filing or Approval.
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Remedies and Limitations on Liability
The Company,
THL and Parent are entitled to seek specific performance of the
terms and provisions of the Merger Agreement, including to seek an
injunction to prevent breaches of the Merger Agreement by the other
parties and to seek an injunction, specific performance or other
equitable relief to enforce the other parties' obligations to
consummate the Merger, subject to the terms and conditions of the
Merger Agreement, in addition to any other remedy by law or
equity.
Subject to the
above:
- •
- in the event that THL
or Parent fails to effect the Merger for any reason or no reason or
they otherwise breach the Merger Agreement or otherwise fail to
perform the obligations under the Merger Agreement, the Company's
right to terminate the Merger Agreement and receive the THL
Termination Fee will be the sole and exclusive remedy (whether at
law, in equity, in contract, in tort or otherwise) of the Company,
any of its Subsidiaries, any shareholder of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or any of their respective affiliates against THL,
Parent, or any of their respective affiliates, for any loss or
damage suffered as a result of any breach of any representation,
warranty, covenant or agreement or failure to perform the
obligations under the Merger Agreement or other failure of the
Merger to be consummated. None of the THL or Parent or any of their
respective affiliates will have any liability for monetary damages
in connection with the Merger Agreement or any of the transactions
contemplated under the Merger Agreement other than the payment of
the THL Termination Fee pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement; and
- •
- in the event that the
Company fails to effect the Merger for any reason or no reason or
otherwise breaches the Merger Agreement or otherwise fails to
perform the obligations under the Merger Agreement, THL's right to
terminate the Merger Agreement and receive the Company Termination
Fee will be the sole and exclusive remedy (whether at law, in
equity, in contract, in tort or otherwise) of any of THL and Parent
against any of the Company, its Subsidiaries, shareholders of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries and any of their respective
affiliates for any loss or damage suffered as a result of any
breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement or
failure to perform the obligations under the Merger Agreement or
other failure of the Merger to be consummated. None of the Company,
any of its Subsidiaries, any shareholder of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or any of their respective affiliates will have
any liability for monetary damages in connection with the Merger
Agreement or the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement
other than the payment by the Company of the Company Termination
Fee.
Guarantee
TML has agreed
to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the performance and
payment of all obligations and liabilities of THL and Parent under
the Merger Agreement.
Amendment
The Merger
Agreement may be amended only by written agreement of THL, Parent,
TML, and the Company.
The Contribution Agreement
The following
summary describes the material terms of the Contribution Agreement,
but does not purport to describe all of the terms of the
Contribution Agreement and is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the complete text of the Contribution Agreement, which
is attached as Exhibit (d)(2) to this Transaction
Statement.
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Pursuant to the
Contribution Agreement, THL will contribute all of the 151,557,875
Class B Ordinary Shares held by it to Parent, in exchange for
the issuance of one ordinary share of Parent to THL. The Shares
contributed by THL to Parent will remain as Class B Ordinary
Shares.
The Sohu Share Purchase Agreement
The following
summary describes the material terms of the Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement, but does not purport to describe all of the terms of the
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement and is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the complete text of the Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement, which is attached as Exhibit (d)(3) and
Exhibit (d)(5) to this Transaction Statement.
Pursuant to the
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions
thereof, Sohu Search will sell to Parent all of the 3,717,250
Class A Ordinary Shares and 127,200,000 Class B Ordinary
Shares held by Sohu Search for consideration of $9.00 per Share,
provided that in connection with the completion of the Sohu Share
Purchase all of such Class B Ordinary Shares will be converted
into Class A Ordinary Shares.
It is a
condition to the obligations of Parent to complete the Sohu Share
Purchase that each of the conditions to the obligations of THL and
Parent to consummate the Merger under the Merger Agreement, other
than conditions that by their nature will only be satisfied at the
Effective Time and other than the completion of the Sohu Share
Purchase itself, be first satisfied or waived. Accordingly, the
Sohu Share Purchase is expected to be completed shortly prior to
the filing of the Plan of Merger with the Registrar of Companies of
the Cayman Islands under the Merger Agreement.
The Sohu Share
Purchase Agreement also contains covenants of Sohu.com and Sohu
Search, providing that, among other matters:
- •
- for a period of three
years, neither Sohu.com nor Sohu Search nor any of their affiliates
will (i) directly or indirectly, own, invest in, manage or
operate any business that competes with the input method or general
search business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, or
(ii) employ, hire, or solicit the performance of services by
any existing employee of the Company and its Subsidiaries, except
for any general solicitation of employment not targeted
specifically at employees of the Company and its
Subsidiaries;
- •
- Sohu Search consents
to the Company, THL, Parent, and TML entering into the Merger
Agreement and to the consummation of the Merger and related
transactions for all purposes of Sohu-Tencent Voting Agreement, and
acknowledges that the Sohu-Tencent Voting Agreement will
automatically terminate upon the closing of the Sohu Share
Purchase;
- •
- all of the contracts
between any of Sohu.com or Sohu Search or any of their affiliates,
on the one hand, and the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the
other hand, will terminate upon the closing of the Sohu Share
Purchase, except for certain contracts specified in the Sohu Share
Purchase Agreement or unless the parties otherwise agree prior to
the closing of the Sohu Share Purchase;
- •
- Sohu.com and Sohu
Search will cooperate with Parent and Beijing Sogou Information
Service Co., Ltd, a variable interest entity of the
Company (the "VIE Entity"), to complete the transfer of all of the
equity interests in the VIE Entity held by the nominee shareholder
that is designated by Sohu.com or Sohu Search to person(s)
designated by Parent; and
- •
- Upon the request of
Parent, if there is a Sogou Board meeting prior to the closing of
the Sohu Share Purchase, Sohu Search will cause each of Charles
(Chaoyang) Zhang and Joanna (Yanfeng) Lu, who are incumbent
directors on the Sogou Board designated by Sohu Search, to
(i) resign from the Sogou Board, (ii) vote to increase
the size of the Sogou Board and elect persons designated by Parent
as directors of the Sogou Board such that the directors
designated
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by Parent will
constitute a majority of the directors of the Sogou Board; and
(iii) vote to appoint a director designated by Parent as the
chairman of the Sogou Board, in each case effective as of the
closing of the Sohu Share Purchase.
No Shareholder Vote Required to Authorize the Plan of Merger and
the Merger
Holders of
Shares (including holders of Class A Ordinary Shares
represented by ADSs) will not be entitled to a vote with respect to
the Merger, as Parent will hold at least 90% of the total voting
power in the Company prior to the Merger, and the Merger will be a
"short-form" merger in accordance with Part XVI (and in
particular section 233(7)) of the Cayman Islands Companies
Law, which does not require approval of the shareholders of the
constituent companies to the Merger if a copy of the Plan of Merger
is given to every registered shareholder of each constituent
company.
No Ability to Follow the Statutory Procedure to Exercise
Dissenters' Rights
As the Merger
will be a "short-form" merger pursuant to section 233(7) of
the Cayman Islands Companies Law, no shareholder vote on the Merger
will be held. Registered holders of Class A Ordinary Shares
(including holders of Class A Ordinary Shares represented by
ADSs) will not be able to follow the statutory procedure to
exercise dissenters' rights under section 238 of the Cayman
Islands Companies Law, which would otherwise apply if the Merger
were a "long-form" merger under section 233(6) of the Cayman
Islands Companies Law. A copy of section 238 of the Cayman
Islands Companies Law is attached to this Transaction Statement as
Exhibit (f)(2) for the information of the Unaffiliated
Security Holders. Unaffiliated Security Holders are urged to seek
their own advice on Part XVI of the Cayman Islands Companies
Law from a licensed Cayman Islands law firm.
Purposes and Effects of the Merger
The purpose of
the Merger is to enable Tencent to acquire indirect ownership of
all of the outstanding equity capital in the Company which Tencent
does not already beneficially own, and to cause the Unaffiliated
Security Holders to be cashed out and obtain immediate liquidity.
Tencent will enjoy any future earnings and growth of the Company
and bear the burden of any future losses of the Company. See
"Special Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34, "Special
Factors—Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger" beginning on page
53, and "Item 6—Purposes of the Transaction and Plans or
Proposals" beginning on page 77 for additional
information.
ADSs
representing Class A Ordinary Shares are currently listed on
the NYSE under the symbol "SOGO." Following the Effective Time, the
Company will cease to be a publicly-traded company and will instead
be indirectly wholly owned by Tencent. Following the completion of
the Merger, the ADS program will terminate and the ADSs will be
de-listed from the NYSE. In addition, registration of the ADSs and
the underlying Class A Ordinary Shares under the Exchange Act
will be terminated 90 days after the filing of Form 15 by
the Company in connection with the completion of the Merger or such
shorter period as may be determined by the SEC. Accordingly, the
Company will no longer be required to file periodic reports with
the SEC. See "Special Factors—Effects of the Merger on the Company"
beginning on page 54 for additional information.
Plans for the Company After the Merger
The Tencent
Group anticipates that the Company's operations will be conducted
after the Merger substantially as they are currently being
conducted, except that the Company will no longer be a
publicly-traded company and will instead be an indirect
wholly-owned subsidiary of Tencent. See "Special Factors—Plans for
the Company after the Merger" beginning on page 57 for additional
information.
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Recommendation of the Special Committee to the Sogou
Board
The Special
Committee, after evaluating the proposed terms of the Merger and
the related transactions with the assistance of independent
financial and legal advisors, unanimously determined that the
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger are fair to and in the best
interests of the Company and the Unaffiliated Security Holders, and
unanimously recommended that the Sogou Board authorize and approve
the Merger Agreement, the Plan of Merger, and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Merger. The
Sogou Board, acting on the unanimous recommendation of the Special
Committee, determined that Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger
are fair to and in the best interests of the Company and the
Unaffiliated Security Holders and authorized and directed the
execution, delivery, and performance of the Merger Agreement and
the Plan of Merger and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated thereby, including the Merger.
For a detailed
discussion of the material factors considered (a) by the
Special Committee in determining that the Merger Agreement and the
Plan of Merger are fair to and in the best interests of the Company
and the Unaffiliated Security Holders and in recommending that the
Sogou Board authorize and approve the Merger Agreement, the Plan of
Merger, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
thereby and (b) by the Sogou Board in determining that the
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger are fair to and in the best
interests of the Company and the Unaffiliated Security Holders and
in authorizing and directing the execution, delivery, and
performance of the Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby, including
the Merger, please see "Special Factors—Reasons for the Merger and
Position of the Special Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on
page 34 and "Special Factors—Primary Benefits and Detriments of the
Merger" beginning on page 55.
Position of the Tencent Group as to Fairness
Each member of
the Tencent Group believes that the Merger is fair to the
Unaffiliated Security Holders. The belief is based upon the factors
discussed under the caption "Special Factors—Position of the
Tencent Group as to the Fairness of the Merger" beginning on page
39. Members of the Tencent Group are making this statement solely
for the purpose of complying with the requirements of
Rule 13e-3 and related rules under the Exchange
Act.
Financing of the Merger
The Tencent
Group estimates the total amount of funds necessary to complete the
Sohu Share Purchase, the Merger and the related transactions at the
closing of the Merger to be approximately $2.1223 billion. In
calculating this amount, the Tencent Group did not consider the
value of the Excluded Shares (other than the Shares subject to the
Sohu Share Purchase), which will not be entitled to receive any
cash consideration in the Sohu Share Purchase or pursuant to the
Merger Agreement. The amount of the Tencent Group's estimate
includes (i) cash to be paid to Sohu Search in the Sohu Share
Purchase, (ii) cash to be paid to the holders of Class A
Ordinary Shares (other than the Excluded Shares) and the holders of
ADSs (other than ADSs representing Excluded Shares) in connection
with the Merger; (iii) cash to be paid as Option Consideration
(the total of the aggregate amounts to be paid to the holders of
Class A Ordinary Shares (other than the Excluded Shares) and
the holders of ADSs (other than ADSs representing Excluded Shares)
and as Option Consideration, the "Aggregate Merger Consideration")
pursuant to the Merger; and (iv) other costs and expenses in
connection with the Sohu Share Purchase, the Merger, and the
related transactions. The purchase price for the Sohu Share
Purchase, the Aggregate Merger Consideration, and the other costs
and expenses incurred in connection with the Merger and related
transactions are expected to be funded with existing cash of the
Tencent Group.
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Opinion of the Special Committee's Financial Advisor
At a meeting of
the Special Committee held on September 29, 2020,
Duff & Phelps rendered its oral opinion (which was
confirmed in writing by delivery of its written opinion dated the
same date) to the Special Committee that, as of such date and based
upon and subject to the procedures followed, assumptions made,
matters considered and qualifications and limitations on the review
undertaken and other matters considered by Duff & Phelps
in preparing its opinion, the Per Share Merger Consideration and
the Per ADS Merger Consideration to be paid to the holders of
Class A Ordinary Shares (other than the Excluded Shares) and
the holders of ADSs representing Class A Ordinary Shares
(other than ADSs representing the Excluded Shares) in the Merger
were fair, from a financial point of view, to such holders (without
giving effect to any impact of the Merger on any particular holder
of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs other than in their
capacity as holders of such Class A Ordinary Shares or
ADSs).
The full text
of Duff & Phelps's written opinion dated
September 29, 2020, which sets forth the procedures followed,
assumptions made, matters considered and qualifications and
limitations on the review undertaken and other matters considered
by Duff & Phelps in preparing its opinion, is attached as
Exhibit (c)(1) to this Transaction Statement and is
incorporated herein by reference. The summary of Duff &
Phelps's opinion set forth in this Transaction Statement is
qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of such
opinion. The shareholders of the Company are urged to read the
opinion in its entirety. Duff & Phelps's written opinion
is addressed to the Special Committee (in its capacity as such), is
directed only to the Per Share Merger Consideration and the Per ADS
Merger Consideration to be paid in the Merger and does not
constitute a recommendation to any shareholder of the Company as to
how such shareholder should vote or act with respect to the Merger
or any other matter. Duff & Phelps did not recommend any
specific amount of consideration for the Merger or that any
specific amount of consideration constituted the only appropriate
consideration for the Merger.
See "Special
Factors—Opinion of the Special Committee's Financial Advisor"
beginning on page 44 for additional information.
Share Ownership of the Company's Directors and Executive
Officers
As of the date
of this Transaction Statement, the directors and executive officers
of the Company held an aggregate of 48,707,576 Class A
Ordinary Shares (including Class A Ordinary Shares represented
by ADSs and 1,899,000 Restricted Shares). See "Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement and "Security Ownership of
Certain Beneficial Owners and Management of the Company" beginning
on page 70 of this Transaction Statement.
Interests of the Company's Directors and Executive Officers in the
Merger
The Company's
directors and executive officers have interests in the Merger and
related transactions that are different from the interests of the
Company's shareholders generally. These interests
include:
- •
- the cash-out of
Vested Company Options held by directors and executive officers of
the Company at the Option Consideration;
- •
- the receipt by
directors and executive officers of the Company of Restricted Cash
Awards with respect to Unvested Equity Awards held by such
directors and executive officers based on the Per Share Merger
Consideration;
- •
- continued
indemnification rights, rights to advancement of fees, and
directors and officers liability insurance that are required by the
Merger Agreement to be provided by the Surviving Company to the
existing directors and officers of the Company following the
Effective Time;
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- •
- the monthly
compensation of $12,000 of each member of the Special Committee in
exchange for his services in such capacity (and, in the case of the
chairman of the Special Committee, monthly compensation of
$15,000); and
- •
- the continuation of
service of the executive officers of the Company in positions that
are substantially similar to their current positions.
The Special
Committee and the Sogou Board were aware of these potential
conflicts of interest and considered them, among other matters, in
reaching their decisions with respect to the Merger Agreement, the
Plan of Merger, and related matters. See "Special Factors—Interests
of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on page 59.
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences
The receipt of
cash pursuant to the Merger may be a taxable transaction for U.S.
federal income tax purposes and may also be a taxable transaction
under applicable state, local, foreign, and other tax laws. See
"Special Factors—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences"
beginning on page 63. The tax consequences of the Merger to a
holder of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs will depend upon
that holder's particular circumstances. As indicated in the Sogou
2019 Form 20-F, the Company believes that it may have been a
passive foreign investment company ("PFIC") for U.S. federal income
tax purposes for its 2019 taxable year ended November 30,
2019, which may result in adverse tax consequences to certain U.S.
Holders (as defined herein) of Class A Ordinary Shares or
ADSs. "See "Special Factors—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Consequences—Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations."
Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs should consult
their own tax advisors for a full understanding of the U.S.
federal, state, local, foreign and other tax consequences of the
Merger to them.
Material PRC Income Tax Consequences
The Company
does not believe that it should be considered a resident enterprise
under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law or that the gain recognized
on the receipt of cash for Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs
should otherwise be subject to PRC tax to holders of such
Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs that are not PRC residents.
However, there is uncertainty regarding whether the PRC tax
authorities would deem the Company to be a resident enterprise. If
the PRC tax authorities were to determine that the Company should
be considered a resident enterprise, then gain recognized on the
receipt of cash for Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs pursuant
to the Merger by holders of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs
who are not PRC residents could be treated as PRC-source income
that would be subject to PRC income tax at a rate of 10% in the
case of enterprises or 20% in the case of individuals (subject to
applicable tax treaty relief, if any), and, even in the event that
the Company is not considered a resident enterprise, gain
recognized on the receipt of cash for Class A Ordinary Shares
or ADSs will be subject to PRC tax if the holders of such
Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs are PRC residents.
Shareholders should consult their own tax advisor for a full
understanding of the tax consequences of the Merger to them,
including any PRC tax consequences.
See "Special
Factors—Material PRC Income Tax Consequences" beginning on page
66.
Cayman Islands Tax Consequences
The Cayman
Islands currently has no form of income, corporate or capital gains
tax and no estate duty, inheritance tax or gift tax. No taxes, fees
or charges will be payable (either by direct assessment or
withholding) to the government or other taxing authority in the
Cayman Islands under the laws of the Cayman Islands in respect of
the Merger or the receipt of cash for the Class A Ordinary
Shares or ADSs under the terms of the Merger. This is subject to
the qualification that (i) Cayman Islands stamp duty may be
payable if any original transaction documents are brought into or
executed in or produced
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before a court in the
Cayman Islands (for example, for enforcement);
(ii) registration fees will be payable to the Registrar of
Companies of the Cayman Islands to register the Plan of Merger; and
(iii) fees will be payable to the Cayman Islands Government
Gazette Office to publish the notice of the Merger in the Cayman
Islands Government Gazette.
Regulatory Matters
Each of the
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement and the Merger Agreement provides
that the obligations of THL and/or Parent to complete the Sohu
Share Purchase or the Merger (as applicable) are subject to the
satisfaction or waiver of the condition that all PRC Regulatory
Filings or Approvals to be made or obtained in connection with all
transactions contemplated thereby have been duly made or obtained,
or the statutory clearance or non-objection period in respect of
any such regulatory filing or notification has expired and no
objection has been raised with respect thereto, in each case in
accordance with applicable PRC law. THL and Parent have submitted
an antitrust filing with relevant PRC regulatory authorities in
connection with the Sohu Share Purchase and the Merger and expect
that the closings of the Sohu Share Purchase and the Merger will be
subject to the clearance of such filing.
Litigation Related to the Merger
The Company and
THL are not aware of any lawsuit that challenges the Merger
Agreement, the Merger, or any of the related
transactions.
Accounting Treatment of the Merger
THL and Parent
expect the Merger to be accounted for as a business combination by
Tencent in accordance with International Financial Reporting
Standards 3 "Business Combinations" as of the Effective
Time.
Market Price of the ADSs
On
July 24, 2020, the last trading day prior to July 27,
2020, which is the date when the Company announced that the Sogou
Board had received from Tencent a preliminary non-binding proposal
to acquire all of the outstanding Shares (including Class A
Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs) not already beneficially owned
by Tencent, the reported closing price of the ADSs on the NYSE was
$5.75. The Per Share Merger Consideration and Per ADS Merger
Consideration of $9.00 per Class A Ordinary Share or ADS
represents a premium of 56.5% over the closing price of $5.75 per
ADS on July 24, 2020, and a premium of approximately 83.0% to
the volume-weighted average price during the last 30 trading days
prior to the Sogou Board's receipt of the Proposal on July 27,
2020.
Fees and Expenses
All fees and
expenses incurred in connection with the Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement and the Sohu Share Purchase, the Merger Agreement and the
Merger, and the related transactions will be paid by the party
incurring such expenses whether or not the Sohu Share Purchase or
the Merger is completed. See "Special Factors—Fees and Expenses"
beginning on page 62.
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE
MERGER
The following
questions and answers address briefly some questions Unaffiliated
Security Holders may have regarding the Merger. These questions and
answers may not address all questions that may be important to the
Unaffiliated Security Holders as holders of Class A Ordinary
Shares or ADSs. See the more detailed information contained
elsewhere in this Transaction Statement and the documents referred
to or incorporated by reference in this Transaction
Statement.
Q: What is the Merger and who will
own the Company after the Merger?
- A:
- The Merger is a
going-private transaction pursuant to which Parent will merge with
and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the Surviving
Company resulting from the Merger. The Merger will be effected
through a statutory short-form merger in accordance with
section 233(7) of the Cayman Islands Companies Law. After the
Merger is completed, the Company will be a privately-held company,
all of the outstanding equity shares of which will be owned by THL,
which in turn is wholly-owned by Tencent. THL is a major
shareholder of the Company, holding 151,557,875 Class B Ordinary
Shares as of the date of this Transaction Statement, and has the
right to designate one individual for election to the Sogou Board.
As a result of the Merger, the ADSs will no longer be listed on the
NYSE, and the Company will cease to be a publicly-traded
company.
Q: What consideration will I be
entitled to receive in the Merger?
- A:
- Holders of ADSs
(other than ADSs representing Excluded Shares) will be entitled to
receive the Per ADS Merger Consideration of $9.00 per ADS (less
$0.05 per ADS cancellation fees and other fees as applicable
pursuant to the terms of the Deposit Agreement, without interest
and net of any applicable withholding taxes for the ADSs) for each
ADS held as of the Effective Time.
Holders of
Class A Ordinary Shares (other than Excluded Shares) will be
entitled to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration of $9.00 in
cash for each Class A Ordinary Share held as of the Effective
Time (without interest and net of any applicable withholding taxes
for the Class A Ordinary Shares).
See "Special
Factors—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences," "Special
Factors—Material PRC Income Tax Consequences", and "Special
Factors—Cayman Islands Tax Consequences" beginning on page 63 for a
description of the tax consequences of the Merger. Unaffiliated
Security Holders should consult with their own tax advisors for a
full understanding of how the Merger will affect their U.S.
federal, state, and local and PRC and other non-U.S.
taxes.
Q: How will a holder of ADSs receive
the net Per ADS Merger Consideration to which the holder is
entitled after the Merger is completed?
- A:
- If the ADSs are held
in a securities account with a broker, bank, or other intermediary,
the beneficial holder will not be required to take any action to
receive the net Per ADS Merger Consideration, because the
Depositary will arrange for the surrender of the ADSs and the
remittance of the net Per ADS Merger Consideration with The
Depository Trust Company (the clearance and settlement system for
the ADSs) for distribution to the beneficial holder's broker, bank
or other intermediary on the holder's behalf. Such beneficial
holders of ADSs with questions concerning receipt of the net Per
ADS Merger Consideration should contact their brokers, banks, or
other intermediaries.
If the ADSs are not
held in a securities account with a broker, bank, or other
intermediary and are held directly by the beneficial holder in
uncertificated form (that is, without an American Depositary
Receipt or "ADR"), unless the holder has surrendered the holder's ADSs to
the
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Depositary for
cancellation prior to the Effective Time, after the completion of
the Merger the Depositary will automatically send the holder a
check for the net Per ADS Merger Consideration in exchange for the
cancellation of each of the beneficial holder's ADSs. The Per ADS
Merger Consideration may be subject to backup withholding taxes if
the ADS depositary has not received from the holder a properly
completed and signed U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-8 or
W-9.
If the ADSs are
represented by ADRs, unless the holder has surrendered the holder's
ADRs to the Depositary for cancellation prior to the Effective
Time, upon the holder's surrender of the ADRs (or an affidavit and
indemnity of loss in lieu of the ADRs) together with a duly
completed letter of transmittal (which will be supplied to the
holder by the Depositary after the Effective Time), after the
completion of the Merger the Depositary will send the holder a
check for the net Per ADS Merger Consideration for each ADS
represented by the ADRs in exchange for the cancellation of the
ADRs.
Q: How will a holder of Class A
Ordinary Shares receive the net Per Share Merger Consideration to
which the holder is entitled after the Merger is
completed?
- A:
- If Class A
Ordinary Shares are held directly by a registered holder, promptly
after the Effective Time, a bank or trust company appointed by the
Tencent Group, which will act as paying agent (the "Class A
Paying Agent"), will mail to the holder (i) a form of
letter of transmittal specifying how the delivery of the net Per
Share Merger Consideration to the holder will be made and
(ii) instructions for surrendering share certificates in
exchange for the net Per Share Merger Consideration. Subject to
complying with these instructions, the holder will receive cash for
the holder's Class A Ordinary Shares from the Class A
Paying Agent. Upon surrender of the share certificates or a
declaration of loss or non-receipt, the holder will receive an
amount in cash equal to the number of the holder's Class A
Ordinary Shares multiplied by the net Per Share Merger
Consideration, in exchange for cancellation of the holder's
Class A Ordinary Shares. The Per Share Merger Consideration
may be subject to U.S. federal income tax backup withholding if the
Class A Paying Agent has not received from the holder a
properly completed and signed U.S. Internal Revenue Service
Form W-8 or W-9.
Q: How will Company Options be
treated in the Merger?
- A:
- Each Company Option
that is vested and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time will be cancelled as of the Effective Time and converted into
the right to receive the Option Consideration.
Each Company Option
granted under a Company Equity Plan that is outstanding but is
unvested prior to the Effective Time will be cancelled as of the
Effective Time and converted into the right to receive a Restricted
Cash Award.
Q: How will Restricted Shares be
treated in the Merger?
- A:
- Each Restricted Share
granted under a Company Equity Plan that is outstanding prior to
the Effective Time will be cancelled as of the Effective Time and
converted into the right to receive a Restricted Cash
Award.
Q: When do you expect the Merger to
be completed?
- A:
- In order for the
Merger to be completed, the closing conditions under the Merger
Agreement, including the passage of not less than 20 days
after this Transaction Statement is first mailed to the
shareholders of the Company and the making and obtaining of the PRC
Regulatory Filings or Approvals in accordance with applicable PRC
law, must be satisfied or waived. The parties are
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working toward
completing the Merger as quickly as possible and currently expect
the Merger to be completed by the first half of 2021, subject to
all conditions to the Merger having been satisfied or
waived.
Q: What will be the result if the
Merger is not completed?
- A:
- If the Merger is not
completed for any reason, the shareholders of the Company will not
receive any payment for their Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs
pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Company will remain a
publicly-traded company, and the ADSs will continue to be listed
and traded on the NYSE for so long as the Company continues to meet
the NYSE's listing requirements.
Q: Will shareholders be able to
assert dissenters' rights (also referred to as "appraisal rights")
in connection with the Merger?
- A:
- No. Because the
Merger will be a "short-form" merger pursuant to
section 233(7) of the Cayman Islands Companies Law, no
shareholder vote on the Merger will be held. Registered holders of
Class A Ordinary Shares (including holders of Class A
Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs) will not be able to follow the
statutory procedure to exercise dissenters' or appraisal rights
under section 238 of the Cayman Islands Companies Law, which
would otherwise apply if the Merger was a "long-form" merger under
section 233(6) of the Cayman Islands Companies Law.
Unaffiliated Security Holders are urged to seek their own advice on
Part XVI of the Cayman Islands Companies Law from a licensed
Cayman Islands law firm.
Q: What do Unaffiliated Security
Holders need to do now?
- A:
- We urge all the
Unaffiliated Security Holders to read this Transaction Statement
carefully, including its annexes, exhibits, attachments, and the
other documents referred to or incorporated by reference herein. As
the Company is not soliciting proxies from the shareholders of the
Company (because there will be no shareholder vote with respect to
the Merger Agreement, the Plan of Merger, and the Merger), there is
nothing else that Unaffiliated Security Holders will need to do in
connection with the Merger until the Merger is completed. Please
see the questions above, "How will a
holder of ADSs receive the net Per ADS Merger Consideration to
which the holder is entitled after the Merger is completed?" and
"How will a holder of Class A Ordinary Shares receive the net
Per Share Merger Consideration to which the holder is entitled
after the Merger is completed?," and the
answers to those questions, for the steps Persons who are
Unaffiliated Security Holders as of the Effective Time should take
after the Merger is completed in order to receive the consideration
which they are entitled to receive in the Merger.
Q: Who can answer Unaffiliated
Security Holders' questions?
- A:
- Unaffiliated Security
Holders with questions about the Merger may contact Sogou by email
at ir@sogou-inc.com or by telephone at
+86-10-5689-9999.
SPECIAL FACTORS
Background of the Merger
Events
leading to the execution of the Merger Agreement and the Sohu Share
Purchase Agreement described below occurred primarily in the PRC.
Accordingly, all dates and times referenced in this Background of
the Merger, including events that may have occurred in different
time zones, refer to PRC Time.
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As an existing
beneficial owner of the Shares, Tencent has continuously evaluated
the Company's business, prospects and financial condition, market
conditions and other developments and factors it deems relevant to
the management of its investment in the Company.
On May 16,
2020, Tencent approached and met with Mr. Xiaochuan Wang
("Mr. Wang"), the Company's Chief Executive Officer,
and expressed an interest in having a majority equity ownership
interest in, and control of, the Company. On the same day,
Mr. Wang had a conversation with Ms. Jinmei He, an
independent director of the Company, in which he informed
Ms. He that Tencent had expressed an interest in having a
majority equity ownership interest in, and control of, the
Company.
On June 2,
2020, at a meeting with Dr. Charles (Chaoyang) Zhang
("Dr. Zhang"), Sohu.com's Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer and Chairman of the Sogou Board, and other representatives
of Sohu.com, Mr. Wang reported that Tencent had expressed an
interest in having a majority equity ownership interest in, and
control of, the Company.
On
June 28, 2020, in a phone call between Mr. Martin Lau
("Mr. Lau") of Tencent and Dr. Zhang of Sohu.com,
Mr. Lau expressed Tencent's interest in having a majority
equity ownership interest in, and control of, the Company.
Dr. Zhang and Mr. Lau discussed possible transaction
structures, including a sale by Sohu.com to Tencent of the Company
shares beneficially owned by Sohu.com, and a business combination
pursuant to which Tencent would acquire all of the outstanding
Company shares that Tencent did not already own. During the
discussion, Mr. Lau generally mentioned that Tencent might
value the Company within the range from $7.00 to $8.00 per Share or
ADS.
On
July 10, 2020, in a second phone call between Mr. Lau and
Dr. Zhang, Mr. Lau told Dr. Zhang that Tencent would
want to pursue a business combination pursuant to which Tencent
would acquire all of the outstanding Company shares that Tencent
did not already own. Mr. Lau suggested that the price could be
$8.50 per Share or ADS, and Dr. Zhang indicated that he
believed $9.50 per Share or ADS would be more appropriate. During
the call, Mr. Lau also preliminarily discussed with
Dr. Zhang whether Dr. Zhang would support such a
transaction in his capacity as a beneficial owner of Class A
Ordinary Shares.
On
July 20, 2020, in a third phone call between Mr. Lau and
Dr. Zhang, Mr. Lau told Dr. Zhang that Tencent would
be ready to make a non-binding proposal to acquire the Company's
outstanding shares that it did not already own for $9.00 per Share,
and Dr. Zhang indicated to Mr. Lau that he believed that
$9.00 per Share or ADS could be acceptable.
On
July 21, 2020, Mr. James (Xiufeng) Deng
("Mr. Deng"), Sohu.com's VP of Finance, contacted
representatives of Tencent to follow up on the preliminary
discussions between Mr. Lau of Tencent and Dr. Zhang of
Sohu.com.
On
July 25, 2020, representatives of Tencent contacted
representatives of Sohu.com, and indicated that Tencent would like
Dr. Zhang to sign an agreement with Tencent pursuant to which
he would agree, in his individual capacity as the beneficial owner
of Class A Ordinary Shares, to support and vote in favor of
any agreement entered into between Tencent and the Company for
Tencent to take the Company private.
On
July 26, 2020, Mr. Deng of Sohu.com and a representative
of Goulston & Storrs PC ("Goulston &
Storrs"), Sohu.com's and the Company's U.S. legal counsel,
participated in a conference call with representatives of Tencent;
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP ("Davis Polk"),
Tencent's U.S. legal counsel; and Goldman Sachs (Asia) L.L.C.,
Tencent's financial advisor, during which Tencent indicated that it
expected to make a non-binding proposal within the coming week to
take the Company private. On the same July 26, 2020 conference
call, representatives of Tencent indicated that they hoped that
Sohu.com would enter into an agreement with Tencent pursuant to
which Sohu.com would agree to sell all of its shares in the Company
to Tencent prior to the completion of a transaction in which
Tencent
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would take the Company
private, for the same price per share as might ultimately be agreed
to between Tencent and the Company for a going-private transaction.
Representatives of Tencent also indicated that they hoped such an
agreement could be entered into prior to or very soon after the
time Tencent made a non-binding proposal to take the Company
private. Both Mr. Deng and Goulston & Storrs informed
the representatives of Tencent that the Sohu.com board of directors
(the "Sohu Board") had not been informed of the
possibility of a non-binding proposal by Tencent to take the
Company private nor of such a possible agreement between Tencent
and Sohu.com, and that the timing suggested by Tencent was not
feasible, because the Sohu Board would need to take all time as
would be necessary to permit it to carefully weigh the advisability
of Sohu.com entering into such an agreement with Tencent and to
determine whether such an agreement would be fair to, and in the
best interests of, Sohu.com and its shareholders.
On
July 27, 2020, Sohu.com and Tencent Limited, an affiliate of
Tencent, signed a confidentiality agreement with respect to matters
relating to the Proposed Transaction.
Also on
July 27, 2020, Dr. Zhang, solely in his individual
capacity as the beneficial holder of Class A Ordinary Shares,
entered into an agreement with Tencent in which Dr. Zhang
agreed to vote his Class A Ordinary Shares in favor of a
transaction between Tencent and the Company and to sell such
Class A Ordinary Shares to Tencent, either prior to or in such
a transaction, at the same price per share as paid by Tencent to
other shareholders of the Company in such a transaction.
Later on
July 27, 2020, the Sogou Board received a letter from Tencent
with Tencent's non-binding proposal (the "Proposal") for
Tencent and its affiliates to acquire all of the outstanding
Class A Ordinary Shares, including Class A Ordinary
Shares represented by ADSs, and Class B Ordinary Shares not
already beneficially owned by Tencent in a statutory merger for
cash consideration of $9.00 per Share or ADS (as revised from time
to time, the "Proposed Transaction").
Later on the
same day, the Company and Sohu.com both issued press releases
regarding the Sogou Board's receipt of the Proposal. Sohu.com and
the Company furnished Forms 6-K to the SEC on July 27,
2020 and July 28, 2020, respectively, with copies of their
press releases.
At a special
meeting of the Sogou Board held on July 31, 2020, the Sogou
Board approved the formation of the Special Committee, consisting
of Mr. Bin Gao, Ms. Janice Lee, and Ms. Jinmei He,
all of whom are independent and disinterested members of the Sogou
Board, to review and evaluate the Proposal; delegated to the
Special Committee the authority to approve or reject a transaction
based on the Proposal, to consider alternatives to the Proposal,
and to retain a financial advisor and legal counsel to the Special
Committee at the Company's expense; and appointed Mr. Gao as
the Chair of the Special Committee.
Later on the
same day, the Special Committee held a meeting at which the Special
Committee retained Goulston & Storrs to be the U.S. legal
counsel to the Special Committee. In making the determination to
retain Goulston & Storrs, the Special Committee considered
the fact that Goulston & Storrs had been the Company's
U.S. legal counsel for several years, as well as
Goulston & Storrs's extensive experience with transactions
similar to the Proposed Transaction. The Special Committee also
considered whether Goulston & Storrs's concurrent
representation of Sohu.com and the Special Committee might present
a conflict of interest, and determined that it would not, because
the interests of Sohu.com and of the Unaffiliated Security Holders,
both being shareholders of the Company who would sell their Shares
and ADSs to Tencent in, or in connection with, the Proposed
Transaction and would receive the same price per Share or ADS,
could be expected to be aligned for all relevant purposes. Members
of the Special Committee also noted that having the same U.S. legal
counsel for both Sohu.com and the Special Committee could
facilitate lines of communication as to matters that could be of
assistance to the Special Committee in its evaluation and
negotiation of the Proposed Transaction. Representatives of
Goulston & Storrs then reviewed with members of the
Special Committee the scope of the Special Committee's authority
delegated to the Special Committee by the
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Sogou Board and
certain legal and procedural considerations with respect to the
Proposed Transaction, and the Special Committee determined that it
would invite a number of investment banks to submit proposals to
serve as the Special Committee's financial advisor with respect to
the Proposed Transaction.
On
July 31, 2020, the Company issued a press release announcing
that the Sogou Board had formed the Special Committee to review and
evaluate the Proposal and that the Special Committee had retained
Goulston & Storrs as its U.S. legal counsel in connection
with such review and evaluation. Both the Company and Sohu.com
furnished Forms 6-K to the SEC with a copy of the Company's
press release. On August 5, 2020, Tencent and THL filed with
the SEC a joint Schedule 13D (the "Original Tencent
Schedule 13D") with respect to the submission of the
Proposal.
Between
July 31, 2020 and August 8, 2020, the Special Committee
interviewed three investment banks that had submitted proposals to
serve as the Special Committee's financial advisor. At a meeting
held on August 8, 2020, after discussion and consideration of
various matters related to such investment banks' proposals and
qualifications, including their experience in going-private
transactions involving China-based companies listed in the U.S.,
the presence and depth of their operating teams in China, and their
previous working relationships with the Company and Sohu.com, the
Special Committee determined that it would retain Duff &
Phelps as the financial advisor to the Special Committee, for a
fixed fee, which would not be contingent upon the consummation of
the proposed privatization transaction in relation to the Proposal
or any conclusion in any opinion rendered by Duff & Phelps
with respect to the Proposed Transaction. The Special Committee
then negotiated the terms of Duff & Phelps's retention,
and entered into an engagement letter with Duff & Phelps
on August 10, 2020.
On
August 11, 2020, the Company issued a press release announcing
that the Special Committee had retained Duff & Phelps as
the Special Committee's financial advisor in connection with its
review and evaluation of the Proposal. On August 12, 2020,
both the Company and Sohu.com furnished Forms 6-K to the SEC
with a copy of the Company's press release.
Between
August 11, 2020 and August 18, 2020, as directed by the
Special Committee, representatives of Duff & Phelps had
several discussions with members of the management of the Company
in connection with Duff & Phelps's financial due diligence
on the Company.
On
August 17, 2020, the Company and Tencent entered into a
confidentiality agreement with respect to the Proposal.
On
August 17, 2020, Tencent sent an initial draft of the Sohu
Share Purchase Agreement to Sohu.com. Between August 17, 2020
and September 27, 2020, representatives of Goulston &
Storrs and of Davis Polk exchanged a number of interim drafts of,
and had a number of discussions regarding, the Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement.
On
August 19, 2020, the Company and Sohu.com entered into a
confidentiality agreement with respect to the Proposal.
On
August 19, 2020, the Special Committee held a meeting with
Duff & Phelps and Goulston & Storrs. At the
meeting, representatives of Duff & Phelps reported to the
Special Committee on the Duff & Phelps team's financial
due diligence investigation on the Company, which included on-site
interviews of members of the management of the Company and finance
team, and that Duff & Phelps had obtained from the
management of the Company financial projections for the Company,
which were prepared with respect to the Company as a standalone
entity based on management's current best estimates and judgment.
Representatives of Duff & Phelps went over in detail with
the Special Committee key line items in the financial projections,
and answered various related questions from members of the Special
Committee, and the Special Committee authorized Duff &
Phelps to use such financial projections as a basis to perform a
discounted cash flow analysis to be used as one of the key metrics
in performing a valuation of the Company. The Special Committee
also considered and
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determined that, in
view of Sohu.com's potentially stronger negotiating position with
Tencent as the Company's controlling shareholder, it would be
desirable to discuss with Sohu.com whether Sohu.com expected to
negotiate with Tencent as to the $9.00 price per Share contemplated
by the Proposal. The Special Committee requested that Mr. Gao,
as the Chair of the Special Committee, have such a discussion with
Sohu.com.
On
August 24, 2020, Davis Polk sent an initial draft of the
Merger Agreement to Goulston & Storrs.
On
September 1, 2020, the Sohu Board held a special meeting at
which the Sohu Board, with assistance from its financial and legal
advisors, determined that the $9.00 price per Share proposed by
Tencent for the Sohu Share Purchase appeared to be fair to Sohu.com
and its shareholders, while noting that the price per Share that
would be agreed to by Sohu.com would be equal to, and therefore
subject to, such price per Share or ADS as might be determined by
the Special Committee to be fair to and in the best interests of
the Company and the Unaffiliated Security Holders and approved by
the Sogou Board. Such determination by the Sohu Board was based, in
part, on Dr. Zhang's informing the Sohu Board that he had
negotiated hard with Mr. Lau of Tencent to reach a preliminary
understanding as to the $9.00 price per Share, and that he did not
believe that seeking a higher price would be fruitful. At the
special meeting, the Sohu Board directed Sohu.com's management to
continue negotiating the other terms and conditions of the Sohu
Share Purchase.
On
September 2, 2020, Mr. Gao and representatives of
Goulston & Storrs held a telephonic meeting with
Mr. Deng of Sohu.com, at which Mr. Deng notified
Mr. Gao that the Sohu Board had determined to not seek a price
higher than $9.00 per Share for the Sohu Share Purchase.
Later on
September 2, 2020, the Special Committee held a meeting with
Duff & Phelps and Goulston & Storrs.
Representatives of Duff & Phelps informed the Special
Committee that Duff & Phelps had completed the financial
and valuation analysis necessary to complete its fairness opinion,
subject to receiving from the Company of final outstanding share
and incentive award numbers. Representatives of Duff &
Phelps also reported that its preliminary conclusion was that the
Per Share Merger Consideration of $9.00 proposed by Tencent was
above the price ranges resulting from each of the models used by
Duff & Phelps in its financial and valuation analysis.
Representatives of Goulston & Storrs then discussed with
the Special Committee certain key issues with respect to the draft
Merger Agreement requiring further negotiation, including the size
and specified triggers of termination fees that would be required
to be paid by the Company to THL, or by THL to the Company, upon
termination of the Merger Agreement under certain circumstances
without the Merger having been completed. Mr. Bin Gao reported
to the Special Committee the meeting with Mr. Deng of Sohu.com
at which Mr. Deng informed him that the Sohu Board had
determined that Sohu.com would not seek a price higher than $9.00
per Share with respect to the Sohu Share Purchase. The Special
Committee then tentatively determined, subject to further
consideration by the members, that the Special Committee would also
not seek a higher price than $9.00 for the Per Share Merger
Consideration and Per ADS Merger Consideration, and directed
Goulston & Storrs to continue to negotiate with Davis Polk
the other terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement.
On
September 4, 2020, Goulston & Storrs sent a revised
draft of the Merger Agreement to Davis Polk.
On
September 11, 2020, Davis Polk sent a further revised draft of
the Merger Agreement to Goulston & Storrs.
Between
September 13, 2020 and September 28, 2020,
representatives of Goulston & Storrs and of Davis Polk had
a number of discussions regarding the Merger Agreement and
exchanged a number of interim drafts of the Merger
Agreement.
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On
September 22, 2020 representatives of Goulston &
Storrs, through electronic text messaging, discussed with the
Special Committee remaining key issues under the Merger Agreement
and made suggestions as to how those issues might be resolved.
Members of the Special Committee considered and generally adopted
Goulston & Storrs's suggestions. Also through electronic
text messaging, the Special Committee confirmed that it did not
consider it necessary or worthwhile to seek a higher price than
$9.00 per Class A Ordinary Share or ADS under the Merger
Agreement. The Special Committee's determination was based, among
other things, on the facts that the price of $9.00 per Class A
Ordinary Share or ADS proposed by Tencent not only represented a
significant premium over the trading prices of the ADSs on the NYSE
prior to Sogou's announcement of receipt of the Proposal, but also
was above the price per Share ranges that the preliminary results
of Duff & Phelps's financial and valuation models had
shown, and that Sohu.com had determined that it would not seek a
price higher than $9.00 for the Sohu Share Purchase.
On
September 27, 2020, Goulston & Storrs and Davis Polk
reached a preliminary understanding as to the final form of the
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement. Later on the same day, the Sohu
Board adopted resolutions authorizing and approving, among other
things, the execution, delivery, and performance of the Sohu Share
Purchase Agreement and the consummation of the Sohu Share Purchase
and the other transactions relating thereto.
On
September 28, 2020, Goulston & Storrs and Davis Polk
reached a preliminary understanding as to the final form of the
Merger Agreement.
During the
negotiations between the Special Committee and Tencent on the
Merger Agreement, Conyers Dill & Pearman, the Special
Committee's Cayman Islands legal counsel, passed upon and advised
on the validity of the Merger and certain other legal matters with
respect to Cayman Islands law.
On
September 29, 2020, the Special Committee held a meeting with
Duff & Phelps and Goulston & Storrs. During the
meeting, representatives of Duff & Phelps presented to the
Special Committee its financial analyses with respect to the
Company and the transaction proposed by Tencent to acquire, through
the Merger, the Class A Ordinary Shares (other than the
Excluded Shares) at the Per Share Merger Consideration and the ADSs
(other than ADSs representing Excluded Shares) at the Per ADS
Merger Consideration, and then rendered its oral opinion that as of
September 29, 2020, the Per Share Merger Consideration and the
Per ADS Merger Consideration to be paid to the Unaffiliated
Security Holders in the Proposed Transaction were fair, from a
financial point of view, to such Unaffiliated Security Holders,
based upon and subject to the procedures followed, assumptions
made, qualifications and limitations on the review undertaken and
other matters considered in preparing its opinion. Its written
fairness opinion was delivered later dated the same day. The full
text of the written opinion of Duff & Phelps is attached
as Exhibit (c)(1) to this Transaction Statement. For additional
information regarding the financial analyses performed by and the
opinion rendered by Duff & Phelps, please refer to
"Special Factors—Opinion of the Special Committee's Financial
Advisor" beginning on page 44. Representatives of
Goulston & Storrs then gave the Special Committee an
overview of the material terms of the final draft of the Merger
Agreement. The Special Committee members then, with the assistance
of Goulston & Storrs, discussed and weighed various
factors, including Duff & Phelps's financial analysis and
fairness opinion, tending to support a determination that the
Merger, subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger
Agreement, is fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company
and the Unaffiliated Security Holders, and certain factors tending
to not support such a determination. The Special Committee then
unanimously (i) determined that the Merger, on the terms and
subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, is
fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company and the
Unaffiliated Security Holders, (ii) declared it advisable for
the Company to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Plan of Merger,
and the other transactions contemplated thereby, including the
Merger, and (iii) recommended that the audit committee of the
Sogou Board and the Sogou Board approve the Merger Agreement and
the Plan of Merger, substantially in the form presented to
the
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Special Committee, and
the performance by the Company of its obligations under the Merger
Agreement and the Plan of Merger, and that the consummation by the
Company of the Merger and the other transactions relating thereto,
be approved by the audit committee of the Sogou Board and the Sogou
Board. See "Special Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of
the Special Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 for
a detailed description of matters considered and determined by the
Special Committee at the meeting.
Also on
September 29, 2020, the Sogou Board and the Audit Committee of
the Sogou Board, acting by unanimous written consent upon the
Special Committee's recommendation, authorized and approved the
execution, delivery, and performance of the Merger Agreement and
the Plan of Merger and the consummation of the Merger and the
transactions related thereto.
On
September 29, 2020, the Company, THL, Parent and TML executed
the Merger Agreement. At or about the same time as the Merger
Agreement was executed, Sohu.com, Sohu Search, and Parent executed
the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement, and THL and Parent entered into
the Contribution Agreement.
On the same
day, prior to the opening of the U.S. financial markets, the
Company issued a press release announcing that the Company, THL,
Parent and TML had entered into the Merger Agreement, and furnished
a Form 6-K to the SEC with a copy of the Company's press
release and the Merger Agreement. Sohu.com issued a press release
announcing that the Company had entered into the Merger Agreement
and that Sohu.com, Sohu Search, and Parent had entered into the
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement, and furnished a Form 6-K to the
SEC with copies of the Company's and Sohu.com's press releases, the
Merger Agreement, and the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement.
On
October 2, 2020, Tencent and THL jointly filed with the SEC an
amendment to the Original Tencent Schedule 13D with respect to
the execution of the Merger Agreement, the Share Purchase
Agreement, and the Contribution Agreement.
On
October 9, 2020, Sohu.com and Sohu Search jointly filed with
the SEC Schedule 13D with respect to the execution of the Sohu
Share Purchase Agreement.
In late
November 2020, THL and Parent made an antitrust filing with
relevant PRC regulatory authorities in connection with the Sohu
Share Purchase and the Merger. Considering the time needed for the
clearance of such filing, the parties decided to extend the
termination date under the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement and the
Merger Agreement. On December 1, 2020, (i) Sohu.com, Sohu
Search, and Parent executed an Amendment No. 1 to Share
Purchase Agreement, to extend the termination date under the Sohu
Share Purchase Agreement from March 29, 2021 to July 31,
2021, and (ii) the Company, THL, Parent and TML executed an
Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and Plan of Merger, to extend the
termination date under the Merger Agreement from March 29,
2021 to July 31, 2021.
Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special Committee and
the Sogou Board
At a meeting on
September 29, 2020, the Special Committee, after consultation
with Duff & Phelps and Goulston & Storrs and
after considering and weighing various factors, unanimously
(i) determined that the Merger, on the terms and subject to
the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, is fair to, and
in the best interests of, the Company and the Unaffiliated Security
Holders, (ii) declared it advisable for the Company to enter
into the Merger Agreement, the Plan of Merger, and the other
transactions contemplated thereby, including the Merger, and
(iii) recommended that the audit committee of the Sogou Board
and the Sogou Board approve the Merger Agreement and the Plan of
Merger, substantially in the form presented to the Special
Committee, and the performance by the Company of its obligations
under the Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger, and that the
consummation by the Company of the Merger and the other
transactions relating thereto, be approved by the audit committee
of the Sogou Board and the Sogou Board.
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On
September 29, 2020, the audit committee of the Sogou Board and
the Sogou Board, each in their capacities as such, on behalf of the
Company and acting by unanimous written consent upon the
recommendation of the Special Committee, authorized and approved
the execution, delivery, and performance of the Merger Agreement
and the Plan of Merger, and the consummation of the Merger and the
transactions related thereto.
In reaching
their determination, the Special Committee and the Sogou Board
considered the factors and potential benefits of the Merger
discussed below, each of which the Special Committee and the Sogou
Board believe supported their decision to approve the Merger
Agreement and the Special Committee's determination that the Merger
is fair to the Unaffiliated Security Holders. These factors and
potential benefits are not listed in any relative order of
importance.
- •
- General Economic
Trends and Business Pressures. The headwinds faced by the Company resulting from
increasing competition in the online search industry in China, from
adverse pressure on the Company's operating margins resulting from
increases in traffic acquisition costs, and from the recent
economic slowdown in China and throughout the world resulting from
the Covid-19 pandemic, which have had, and can be expected to
continue to have, an adverse impact on the Company's financial
performance.
- •
- Premium Over
Market Price of the ADSs. The
fact that the Per Share Merger Consideration and the Per ADS Merger
Consideration of $9.00 represent a premium of approximately 56.5%
to the closing trading price of the ADSs on July 24, 2020, the
last trading day prior to the Company's announcement of the Sogou
Board's receipt of the Proposal, and a premium of 83.0% to the
volume-weighted average price during the last 30 trading days prior
to the Company's announcement.
- •
- All-Cash Merger
Consideration. The fact that
the merger consideration will be all cash, which will provide
immediate liquidity to the Unaffiliated Security Holders and allow
them to avoid post-Merger risks and uncertainties relating to the
prospects of the Company.
- •
- Opinion of
Financial Advisor. The Special
Committee considered the financial analysis conducted and discussed
with the Special Committee by representatives of Duff &
Phelps, as well as the oral and written opinion of Duff &
Phelps rendered to the Special Committee on September 29, 2020
as to the fairness, from a financial point of view as of that date,
of the Per Share Merger Consideration and the Per ADS Merger
Consideration to be paid to the Unaffiliated Security Holders in
the Merger based upon and subject to the procedures followed,
assumptions made, qualifications and limitations on the review
undertaken and other matters considered by Duff & Phelps
in preparing its opinion (see "Opinion of the Special Committee's
Financial Advisor" beginning on page 44 of this Transaction
Statement).
- •
- Controlling
Shareholder Approval. The fact
that Sohu.com, the Company's indirect controlling shareholder, has
indicated that it will agree to cause its subsidiary Sohu Search to
sell all the Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary
Shares that Sohu.com beneficially owns, which represent
approximately 33.8% of the outstanding Shares, to Tencent pursuant
to the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement for the same $9.00 per Share
that will be paid to the Unaffiliated Security Holders in the
Merger.
- •
- Approval of the
Chairman of the Board as to His Shares. The fact that Dr. Charles Zhang, the Company's
Chairman of the Board and the beneficial holder individually of
approximately 6.4% of the Company's outstanding shares, has agreed
with Tencent that that he will support the Merger as to his Shares,
and will receive the same $9.00 per Share in the Merger as will be
paid to the Unaffiliated Security Holders.
- •
- Potential Adverse
U.S. Regulatory Changes. The
possibility that China-based U.S.-listed public companies such as
the Company could be delisted from U.S. stock exchanges, or be
subject to
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other burdensome
restrictions, by reason of any newly enacted law or regulation
similar in substance to the proposed "Holding Foreign Companies
Accountable Act" adopted by the U.S. Senate and introduced in the
U.S. House of Representatives in May 2020 and the "Memorandum on
Protecting United States Investors from Significant Risks from
Chinese Companies" issued by the U.S. White House in June 2020,
both of which purport to address perceived risks to investors in
U.S. financial markets from the PRC government's purported failure
to allow audit firms, such as the Company's independent auditor,
that audit U.S.-listed companies based in China to be adequately
examined by the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
pursuant to U.S. securities law.
- •
- Elimination of
Unaffiliated Security Holder Exposure to Future Performance Risks
of the Company. The Merger would shift
the risk of the future financial performance of the Company from
the Unaffiliated Security Holders, who do not have the power to
control decisions made regarding the Company's business, entirely
to Tencent, which would have the power to control the Company's
business.
- •
- No Third-Party
Offers. There has been no
offer, other than the Proposal, within the past two years of which
the Company is aware for a going-private or other similar
transaction with respect to the Company.
- •
- Unanimous
Recommendation of the Special Committee. The Sogou Board considered that the Special
Committee, after evaluating the Proposed Transaction, unanimously
determined that the Merger Agreement, the Plan of Merger, and the
Merger are fair to, advisable, and in the best interests of the
Company and Unaffiliated Security Holders and recommended that the
Sogou Board authorize and approve the Merger Agreement, the Plan of
Merger, and the Merger.
The Special
Committee and the Sogou Board did not consider the Company's net
book value, which is an accounting concept based on historical
costs, as a factor because they believed that net book value is not
a material indicator of the Company's value as a going concern but
rather is indicative of historical costs (and does not, for
example, take into account the future prospects of the Company,
market trends and conditions, or business risks inherent in a
competitive market) and therefore, in their view, is not a relevant
measure in the determination as to the fairness of the
Merger.
In their
consideration of the fairness of the proposed Merger, the Special
Committee did not undertake an appraisal of the assets of the
Company to determine the Company's liquidation value for the
Unaffiliated Security Holders, due to the impracticability of
determining a liquidation value given the significant execution
risk involved in any breakup. In addition, the Special Committee
did not consider the Company's liquidation value to be a relevant
valuation method because it considers the Company to be a viable
going concern where value is derived from cash flows generated from
its continuing operations, and because the Company will continue to
operate its business following the Merger.
The foregoing
discussion of the information and factors considered and given
weight by the Special Committee in connection with their evaluation
of the fairness of the Merger to the Unaffiliated Security Holders
is not intended to be exhaustive, but includes all material factors
considered. The Special Committee found it impracticable to assign,
and did not assign, relative weights to the foregoing factors
considered by the Special Committee in reaching its conclusions as
to the fairness of the Merger to the Unaffiliated Security Holders.
Rather, the Special Committee made the fairness determinations
after considering all of the foregoing factors as a
whole.
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In addition to
the foregoing factors and analyses that supported the Special
Committee's conclusion that the Merger is fair to the Unaffiliated
Security Holders, the Special Committee also weighed the following
negative factors:
- •
- No Future
Participation in the Prospects of the
Company. Following the
consummation of the Merger, the Unaffiliated Security Holders will
cease to participate in any future earnings of or benefit from any
increases in the value of the Company. Following the Merger,
Tencent could be in a better position than it is now to increase
the Company's revenues by fully integrating the Company's products
and services into Tencent's popular platforms, including the QQ
browser and WeChat, and Tencent could also cause the Company's
traffic acquisition costs to decrease considerably, in view of the
fact that a significant portion of the Company's existing user
traffic is generated through Tencent platforms. Only Tencent, and
not the Unaffiliated Security Holders, would enjoy any such
benefits.
- •
- No Opportunity for
the Unaffiliated Security Holders to Vote on the
Merger. Because the Merger is
to be effected as a "short-form" merger pursuant to
section 233(7) of Cayman Islands Companies Law, the Merger
will not require approval by the Company's shareholders. Therefore,
the Unaffiliated Security Holders will not have the opportunity to
vote on the Merger.
- •
- No Ability for the
Unaffiliated Security Holders to Follow the Statutory Procedure to
Exercise Dissenters' or Appraisal Rights. Because the Merger will be a "short-form" merger
pursuant to section 233(7) of the Cayman Islands Companies
Law, registered holders of Class A Ordinary Shares (including
holders of Class A Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs) will
not be able to follow the statutory procedure to exercise
dissenters' or appraisal rights under section 238 of the
Cayman Islands Companies Law, which would otherwise apply if the
Merger was a "long-form" merger under section 233(6) of the
Cayman Islands Companies Law.
- •
- Potential Tax
Liability of Unaffiliated Security Holders. The potential tax consequences of the Merger to
Unaffiliated Security Holders who are U.S. taxpayers or are
taxpayers in other jurisdictions, notwithstanding that the
Unaffiliated Security Holders will not be able to choose whether or
not to participate in the Merger.
- •
- Breakup Fees and
Limitation of Tencent Liability. The fact that the Company may be required, under
certain circumstances, to pay THL a termination fee of $30,000,000
in connection with a termination of the Merger Agreement and the
fact that the Company's right to recover damages from THL and
Parent for a breach of the Merger Agreement will be limited, in
most circumstances, to payment by THL of a termination fee of
$60,000,000.
After weighing
these negative factors and giving them due consideration, the
Special Committee concluded that none of these factors, alone or in
the aggregate, is significant enough to outweigh the factors and
analyses that it considered to support its belief that the Merger
is fair to the Unaffiliated Security Holders.
In addition,
the Special Committee and the Sogou Board believe that sufficient
procedural safeguards are present to ensure that the Merger is
procedurally fair to the Unaffiliated Security Holders and to
permit the Special Committee to represent effectively the interests
of such Unaffiliated Security Holders, which procedural safeguards
include the following, which are not listed in any relative order
of importance:
- •
- all of the members of
the Special Committee during the entire process were and are
disinterested and independent directors free from any affiliation
with the Tencent Group; none of the members of the Special
Committee is or ever was an employee of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries; and none of such members has any financial interest
in the Merger that is different from that of the Unaffiliated
Security Holders, other than the members' receipt of
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compensation in the
ordinary course as members of the Sogou Board, their non-contingent
compensation as members of the Special Committee, and their
indemnification and liability insurance rights under the Merger
Agreement;
- •
- the consideration and
negotiation of the Merger Agreement were conducted entirely under
the control and supervision of the Special Committee, and that no
limitations were placed on the Special Committee's
authority;
- •
- in considering the
Proposed Transaction, the Special Committee acted solely to
represent the interests of the Unaffiliated Security Holders, and
the Special Committee had full control of the extensive
negotiations with the Tencent Group and its advisors on behalf of
the Unaffiliated Security Holders;
- •
- the Special Committee
was assisted in negotiations with the Tencent Group and in its
evaluation of the Merger by Duff & Phelps as its financial
advisor and Goulston & Storrs as its U.S. legal
advisor;
- •
- the Special Committee
was delegated from the Sogou Board the full and exclusive authority
to evaluate the terms of the Proposed Transaction, to negotiate the
terms of the Merger Agreement and the Merger, to consider
alternative transactions, to determine whether to reject the
Proposed Transaction, and to determine whether the Merger would be
fair to, and in the best interests of, the Unaffiliated Security
Holders and whether to recommend to the Sogou Board that it approve
the Company's entering into definitive agreements based on the
Proposed Transaction;
- •
- the terms and
conditions of the Merger Agreement were the product of extensive
negotiations between the Special Committee and its advisors, on the
one hand, and the Tencent Group and its advisors, on the other
hand;
- •
- the Special Committee
held meetings on multiple occasions to consider and review the
terms of the Merger Agreement and the Merger;
- •
- the Special Committee
has the right pursuant to the Merger Agreement to evaluate on
behalf of the Company unsolicited alternative acquisition proposals
from third parties that might arise between the date of the Merger
Agreement and the Effective Time, to furnish confidential
information to and conduct negotiations with such third parties
and, in certain circumstances, to terminate the Merger Agreement
subject to the payment to THL of a termination fee, and to
recommend that the Sogou Board accept an alternative acquisition
proposal, consistent with the Sogou Board's fiduciary obligations;
and
- •
- the Special Committee
did not have any obligation to find that Merger Agreement is fair
to, and in the best interests of, the Unaffiliated Security
Holders, or to recommend that the Sogou Board approve the Merger
Agreement and the Merger.
In the course
of determining that such procedural safeguards were sufficient to
ensure that the Merger is procedurally fair to the Unaffiliated
Security Holders, the Special Committee considered that the
negative factors that the Unaffiliated Security Holders will not
have the opportunity to vote on the Merger or to follow the
statutory procedure to exercise dissenters' or appraisal rights
under section 238 of the Cayman Islands Companies Law were
outweighed by each of the foregoing factors and, in particular,
that (i) because the Merger will be a short-form merger, the
Cayman Islands Companies Law does not require a shareholder vote of
any kind to approve the Merger, (ii) Cayman Islands Companies
Law does not generally require or contemplate the approval of a
merger by a majority of unaffiliated shareholders, even in the
context of a long-form merger; (iii) the Special Committee
believed that the voluntary imposition of such a vote requirement
is relatively rare for Cayman Islands Companies, even in the
context of transactions requiring an overall shareholder vote,
(iv) the
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Unaffiliated Security
Holders' inability to follow the statutory procedure to exercise
dissenters' or appraisal rights is inherent in the Cayman Islands
Companies Law procedures for exercising dissenters' rights, and
(v) the Special Committee was aware that Sohu.com, the
Company's indirect controlling shareholder, had indicated that it
would agree that Sohu Search would sell all the Class A
Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares that Sohu.com
beneficially owns, which represent approximately 33.8% of the
outstanding Shares, to Tencent pursuant to the Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement for the same $9.00 per Share that will be paid to the
Unaffiliated Security Holders in the Merger.
Following the
completion of the Share Contribution under the Contribution
Agreement and the Sohu Share Purchase under the Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement, each of which is expected to occur shortly prior to the
filing of the Plan of Merger with the Registrar of Companies of the
Cayman Islands under the Merger Agreement, Parent will hold at
least 90% of the total voting power in the Company prior to the
Merger, and the Merger will be a "short-form" merger in accordance
with Part XVI (and in particular section 233(7)) of the
Cayman Islands Companies Law, which does not require approval of
the shareholders of the parties to the Merger. Nevertheless, the
Special Committee believes that the Merger is procedurally fair to
the Unaffiliated Security Holders because various safeguards and
protective steps have been adopted to ensure the procedural
fairness of the Merger, including (i) the Sogou Board's
formation of the Special Committee and granting to the Special
Committee of the authority to review, evaluate, and negotiate (and
to ultimately either reject or recommend for approval by the Sogou
Board) the Merger Agreement; (ii) the Special Committee's
retention of, and receipt of advice from, competent and experienced
legal counsel and financial advisors; and (iii) the right of
the Special Committee to consider, on behalf of the Company,
unsolicited alternative acquisition proposals that may arise
between the date of the Merger Agreement and the Effective
Time.
Certain
directors and executive officers of the Company have interests in
the Merger that are different from, and/or in addition to, those of
the Unaffiliated Security Holders by virtue of their continuing
interests in the Surviving Company after the consummation of the
Merger. These interests are described under the caption
"Summary—Interests of the Company's Directors and Executive
Officers in the Merger."
Position of the Tencent Group as to the Fairness of the
Merger
Under SEC rules
governing "going private" transactions, each member of the Tencent
Group is required to express its beliefs as to the fairness of the
Merger to the Unaffiliated Security Holders. The members of the
Tencent Group are making the statements below solely for the
purpose of complying with the requirements of Rule 13e-3 and
related rules under the Exchange Act. The Tencent Group has
interests in the Merger that are different from, and/or in addition
to, those of Unaffiliated Security Holders by virtue of its
continuing interests in the Surviving Company after the
consummation of the Merger. These interests are described under the
caption "—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger—Interests of
the Tencent Group" beginning on page 59.
The Tencent
Group did not participate in the deliberations of the Special
Committee regarding, and did not receive any advice from the
Special Committee's advisors as to, the fairness of the Merger to
the Unaffiliated Security Holders. The Tencent Group attempted to
negotiate a transaction that would be most favorable to it, and not
to the Unaffiliated Security Holders and, accordingly, did not
negotiate the Merger Agreement with a goal of obtaining terms that
were substantively and procedurally fair to the Unaffiliated
Security Holders. The members of the Tencent Group did not perform,
or engage a financial advisor to perform, any formal valuation to
assist them in assessing the substantive and procedural fairness of
the Per ADS Merger Consideration and Per Share Merger Consideration
to the Unaffiliated Security Holders. Nevertheless, based on their
knowledge and analysis of available information regarding the
Company, as well as discussions with the Company's management
regarding the Company and its business, and the factors considered
by, and the conclusions of, the Special Committee and the Sogou
Board discussed in "—Reasons for the Merger
39
Table of
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and Position of the
Special Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34,
the Tencent Group believes the Merger is both substantively and
procedurally fair to the Company's Unaffiliated Security Holders
based upon the following factors, which are not listed in any
relative order of importance:
- •
- the Per ADS Merger
Consideration of $9.00 represents a premium of approximately 56.5%
over the closing price of $5.75 per ADS on July 24, 2020, the
last trading day prior to the Company's July 27, 2020
announcement of receipt of the Proposal, and a premium of
approximately 83.0% over the average closing price per ADS during
the 30 trading days preceding July 27, 2020;
- •
- in considering the
Merger, the Special Committee acted solely to represent the
interests of the Unaffiliated Security Holders, and the Special
Committee was empowered to exercise the full power and authority of
the Sogou Board in connection with considering the Merger and had
independent control of the negotiations with the Tencent Group and
its advisors on behalf of the Unaffiliated Security Holders;
- •
- the members of the
Sogou Board serving on the Special Committee were and are
independent and disinterested directors free from any affiliation
with the Tencent Group; in addition, none of the members of the
Sogou Board serving on the Special Committee has any financial
interest in the Merger that is different from that of the
Unaffiliated Security Holders other than (i) the Special
Committee members' receipt of compensation in the ordinary course
for their service on the Sogou Board, (ii) Special Committee
members' compensation in connection with Special Committee's
evaluation of the Merger (which is not contingent upon the Special
Committee's or Sogou Board's approval or disapproval of the
Merger), and (iii) the members of the Sogou Board's
indemnification and liability insurance rights under the Merger
Agreement;
- •
- the Special Committee
retained and was advised by legal and financial advisors
experienced in assisting committees such as the Special Committee
in similar transactions;
- •
- the Special Committee
did not have any obligation to approve the Merger Agreement, the
Plan of Merger, and the related transactions, or to recommend that
the Sogou Board approve them;
- •
- the Per Share Merger
Consideration payable to the Unaffiliated Security Holders in the
Merger is the same as the consideration of $9.00 per Share payable
to Sohu Search, through which Sohu.com is the Company's controlling
shareholder, under the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement;
- •
- the terms and
conditions of the Merger Agreement were the product of extensive
negotiations between the Special Committee and its advisors, on the
one hand, and the Tencent Group and its advisors, on the other
hand;
- •
- the Special Committee
determined unanimously that the Merger Agreement, the Plan of
Merger, and the Merger are fair to and in the best interests of the
Company and the Unaffiliated Security Holders;
- •
- the Sogou Board
approved the Merger Agreement, the Plan of Merger, and the Merger
based on the unanimous recommendation of the Special Committee and
the Special Committee's determination that the Merger Agreement,
the Plan of Merger, and the Merger are fair to and in the best
interests of the Company and the Unaffiliated Security
Holders;
- •
- the consideration to
be paid to the Unaffiliated Security Holders in the Merger is all
cash and will provide immediate liquidity to the Unaffiliated
Security Holders;
- •
- the Merger is not
conditioned on any financing being obtained by THL or Parent, thus
increasing the likelihood that the Merger will be consummated and
the merger consideration will be paid to the Unaffiliated Security
Holders;
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Table of
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- •
- in certain
circumstances under the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board are able to change, withhold,
withdraw, qualify or modify their approval of the Merger;
- •
- the Company has the
ability, subject to compliance with the terms and conditions of the
Merger Agreement, to terminate the Merger Agreement in order to
accept an alternative transaction proposed by a third party that is
a Superior Proposal or in connection with an Intervening
Event;
- •
- the Merger Agreement
requires THL to pay a reverse termination fee of $60,000,000, if
the Merger Agreement is terminated under certain circumstances;
and
- •
- the Company has the
ability, under certain circumstances, to seek specific performance
to prevent breaches of the Merger Agreement and to specifically
enforce the terms of the Merger Agreement.
Notwithstanding
the fact that the Unaffiliated Security Holders will not be
entitled to vote to approve or disapprove the Merger and
notwithstanding the lack of appraisal rights, the Tencent Group
believes that the Merger is procedurally fair to the Unaffiliated
Security Holders in view of (i) the fact that the
consideration and negotiation of the Merger Agreement was conducted
independently by the Special Committee, which acted solely to
represent the interests of the Unaffiliated Security Holders;
(ii) the fact that no shareholder vote is required for a
short-form merger, such as the Merger, under the Cayman Islands
Companies Law, and that the Unaffiliated Security Holders'
inability to follow the statutory procedure to exercise dissenters'
or appraisal rights is inherent in the Cayman Islands Companies Law
procedures for exercising dissenters' rights; (iii) the fact
that the Special Committee received an opinion from
Duff & Phelps regarding the fairness, from a
financial point of view, of the Per Share Merger Consideration and
the Per ADS Merger Consideration to Unaffiliated Security Holders;
(iv) the fact that under certain circumstances pursuant to the
terms of the Merger Agreement, the Company is able to terminate the
Merger Agreement in order to accept an alternative transaction
proposed by a third party that is a Superior Proposal or in
connection with an Intervening Event; and (v) the fact that in
parallel to the negotiation of the Merger, the Tencent Group
negotiated the Sohu Share Purchase with Sohu.com, the indirect
controlling shareholder of the Company, and the Per Share Merger
Consideration payable to the Unaffiliated Security Holders in the
Merger is the same as the per Share consideration payable to Sohu
Search in the Sohu Share Purchase.
The Tencent
Group did not consider the Company's net book value as a factor in
determining the fairness of the Merger to the Unaffiliated Security
Holders. The Tencent Group believes that net book value, as an
accounting concept based on historical costs, is not a material
indicator of the Company's value as a going concern because it does
not take into account the future prospects of the Company, market
conditions, trends in the industry in which the Company conducts
its business or the business risks inherent in competing with other
companies in the same industry, but rather is indicative of
historical costs and therefore is not a relevant measure in the
determination as to the fairness of the Merger.
The Tencent
Group did not establish, and did not consider, a going concern
value for the Company as a public company to determine the fairness
of the Per Share Merger Consideration and the Per ADS Merger
Consideration to the Unaffiliated Security Holders because,
following the Merger, the Company will have a significantly
different capital structure. However, to the extent the pre-Merger
going concern value was reflected in the price of the Company's
ADSs prior to the announcement of the Proposal, the Per Share
Merger Consideration and the Per ADS Merger Consideration represent
a premium to the going concern value of the Company.
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The Tencent
Group believes that the Company's potential liquidation value is
not a meaningful factor in an assessment of the fairness of the Per
ADS Merger Consideration and Per Share Merger Consideration to the
Unaffiliated Security Holders, because the Company's value is
derived primarily from the cash flows it generates from its current
business operations, and the Tencent Group expects the Company to
continue its current business operations following the Merger. In
addition, in view of the nature of the Company's assets and
operations and the consequent considerable execution risk that
would be inherent in a liquidation of the Company's assets, the
Tencent Group believes that it would be difficult to arrive at a
realistic assessment of the Company's liquidation value.
The Tencent
Group did not perform or receive any independent reports, opinions
or appraisals from any third party related to the Merger, and thus
did not consider any such reports, opinions or appraisals in
determining the substantive and procedural fairness of the Merger
to the Unaffiliated Security Holders.
Members of the
Tencent Group are not aware of any firm offer made by any Person
unaffiliated with the Company during the past two years for
(i) the merger or consolidation of the Company with or into
another company, or vice versa; (ii) the sale or other
transfer of all or any substantial part of the assets of the
Company; or (iii) a purchase of the Company's securities that
would enable the holder to exercise control of the
Company.
The foregoing
is a summary of the information and factors considered by the
Tencent Group in connection with its evaluation of the fairness of
the Merger to the Unaffiliated Security Holders, which is not
intended to be exhaustive, but includes all material factors
considered. The Tencent Group did not find it practicable to
assign, and did not assign, relative weights to the individual
factors considered in reaching its conclusion as to the fairness of
the Merger to the Unaffiliated Security Holders. Rather, its
fairness determination was made after consideration of all of the
foregoing factors as a whole.
Certain Financial Projections
Other than
providing estimates of certain financial results expected for the
then current fiscal quarter in its regular press releases reporting
results for the previous fiscal quarter, the Company does not
generally make public detailed financial forecasts or internal
projections as to future performance, revenues, earnings, or
financial condition. However, the Company's management prepared a
detailed financial projection for the Company for the fiscal years
ending December 31, 2020 through December 31, 2025 for
the Special Committee and Duff & Phelps in connection with
Duff & Phelps's financial analysis of the Merger (the
"Management Projections"). The Management Projections, which
were based on the Company's management's estimates of the Company's
future financial performance as of the date provided, were prepared
by the Company's management for internal use by the Special
Committee and for use by Duff & Phelps in its financial
analysis, and were not prepared with a view toward public
disclosure or compliance with published guidelines of the SEC
regarding forward-looking information or the guidelines established
by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants for the
preparation and presentation of financial forecasts or U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles.
The inclusion
of the Management Projections should not be regarded as an
indication that the Company, the Sogou Board, the Special
Committee, or Duff & Phelps considered, or now considers,
the Management Projections to be a reliable prediction of future
results. No person has made or makes any representation or warranty
to any person, including any shareholder of the Company, regarding
the information included in the Management Projections.
The Management
Projections were prepared by the Company's management in August
2020, based on certain assumptions that management then believed to
be potentially achievable. Although the Management Projections were
prepared in good faith by management, no assurance can be made
regarding future events, and actual results may be significantly
higher or lower than forecasted by the Management Projections. The
Management Projections also reflect assumptions as of their
respective
42
Table of
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time of preparation as
to certain business decisions that are subject to change. Although
presented with numerical specificity, the Management Projections
are based upon a variety of estimates and numerous assumptions made
by management with respect to, among other matters, industry
performance, general international business, economic, tax,
regulatory, geopolitical, market, and financial conditions and the
factors described in "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking
Statements," all of which are difficult to predict, are subject to
significant economic and competitive uncertainties, and are beyond
the Company's control. The material assumptions underlying the
Management Projections are as follows: (a) there will be a
gradual lessening of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the
Company's business and financial results beginning in 2021;
(b) the Company will develop products and services for mobile
devices that are successful in an increasingly competitive market;
(c) the Company will be able to upgrade its overall
online-search capabilities, develop its newsfeed content
distribution, and build vertical search capabilities for video
content; (d) the Company will continue to upgrade the AI
capabilities of the Company's Sogou Input Method and successfully
tap the commercial value of Sogou Input Method's large user base;
(e) the Company will successfully develop AI-enabled hardware
products and services that enable a new level of human-computer
interaction; (f) the Company will successfully develop and
provide new healthcare information products and services, including
digital family doctor services, through content production,
knowledge computing, and avatar technology that meet users'
expectations and needs; and (g) the Company's expenses will
increase, at a projected annual rate of approximately 10%, in line
with increased efforts to improve and promote the Company's market
competitiveness, products, and brand. The Management Projections
also assume that the Company would continue to operate as a
standalone company and do not reflect any impact of the Proposed
Transaction. Furthermore, the Management Projections do not take
into account any failure of the Merger to be completed and should
not be viewed as reflective of management's expectations under
those circumstances. In addition, because the Management
Projections cover multiple years, such information by its nature
becomes less reliable with each successive year. As a result, there
can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made in
preparing the Management Projections will prove accurate, that the
projected results will be realized, or that actual results will not
be significantly higher or lower than projected results. The
Management Projections cannot, therefore, be considered a guaranty
of future operating results, and this information should not be
relied on as such.
Except to the
extent required by law, the Company does not intend to update or
otherwise revise the Management Projections to reflect
circumstances existing after the date they were prepared or to
reflect the occurrence of future events, even in the event that any
or all of the assumptions underlying such prospective financial
information are no longer appropriate. None of the Company or its
affiliates, advisors, officers, directors, or representatives has
made or makes any representation to any shareholder or other person
regarding the ultimate performance of the Company compared to the
information contained in the projections or that projected results
will be achieved.
Neither the
Company's independent registered public accounting firm nor any
other independent registered public accounting firm has examined,
compiled, or otherwise performed any procedures with respect to the
prospective financial information contained in the Management
Projections and, accordingly, neither the Company's independent
registered public accounting firm nor any other independent
registered public accounting firm has expressed any opinion or
given any other form of assurance on such information or its
achievability, and assumes no responsibility for, and disclaims any
association with, the prospective financial information.
43
Table of
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The following
table summarizes the Management Projections prepared by the
management of the Company and considered by the Special Committee
in connection with the analysis of the Merger and by
Duff & Phelps in connection with the delivery of its
fairness opinion:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management Projections |
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ending December 31, |
|
|
|
2020E |
|
2021E |
|
2022E |
|
2023E |
|
2024E |
|
2025E |
|
|
|
(in RMB million except
percentage)
|
|
|
|
Total Revenue(1)
|
|
|
6,864 |
|
|
6,902 |
|
|
8,264 |
|
|
10,302 |
|
|
12,808 |
|
|
15,584 |
|
Cost of Revenue
|
|
|
5,298 |
|
|
5,143 |
|
|
5,890 |
|
|
6,928 |
|
|
7,967 |
|
|
9,472 |
|
Gross Profit(2)
|
|
|
1,566 |
|
|
1,759 |
|
|
2,373 |
|
|
3,374 |
|
|
4,481 |
|
|
6,112 |
|
Gross Margin
|
|
|
23 |
% |
|
25 |
% |
|
29 |
% |
|
33 |
% |
|
38 |
% |
|
39 |
% |
Operating Expense(3)
|
|
|
2,585 |
|
|
2,826 |
|
|
3,024 |
|
|
3,388 |
|
|
3,812 |
|
|
4,276 |
|
Operating Income
|
|
|
(1,019 |
) |
|
(1,066 |
) |
|
(651 |
) |
|
(14 |
) |
|
1,029 |
|
|
1,837 |
|
% Margin
|
|
|
–15 |
% |
|
–15 |
% |
|
–8 |
% |
|
0 |
% |
|
8 |
% |
|
12 |
% |
Depreciation and
Amortization(4)
|
|
|
390 |
|
|
412 |
|
|
431 |
|
|
451 |
|
|
468 |
|
|
486 |
|
EBITDA(5)
|
|
|
(629 |
) |
|
(655 |
) |
|
(220 |
) |
|
437 |
|
|
1,497 |
|
|
2,322 |
|
% Margin
|
|
|
–9 |
% |
|
–9 |
% |
|
–3 |
% |
|
4 |
% |
|
12 |
% |
|
15 |
% |
- (1)
- Total revenue is
projected to increase to RMB 15.6 billion by 2025, reflecting a
compound annual growth rate (the "CAGR") of 18% from 2020 to
2025.
- (2)
- Gross margin is
projected to average 31% from 2020 to 2025, increasing from 23% in
2020 to 39% by 2025.
- (3)
- Operating expenses is
projected to increase to RMB 4.3 billion by 2025, reflecting a CAGR
of 11% from 2020 to 2025.
- (4)
- Depreciation and
amortization expenses for a specified year are included in the
calculation of the cost of revenue for that year.
- (5)
- EBITDA margin is
projected to be negative from 2020 to 2022 before turning positive
in 2023. EBITDA margin is projected to reach 15% by 2025 and
averages 2% from 2020 to 2025.
Duff &
Phelps reviewed with the Special Committee certain financial
analyses that were based, in part, on the Management Projections
summarized above. For additional information regarding the analyses
by the Special Committee's financial advisor, see "Discussion
Materials prepared by Duff & Phelps for discussion with
the Special Committee of the Sogou Board, dated as of
September 29, 2020" filed as Exhibit (c)(2) to this
Transaction Statement and "Special Factors—Opinion of the Special
Committee's Financial Advisor" beginning on page 44.
The Management
Projections are forward-looking statements. For information on
factors that may cause the Company's future financial results to
materially vary, see "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking
Statements" beginning on page 71 and "Item 3. Key
Information—Risk Factors" included in the
Sogou 2019 Form 20-F, which is incorporated by reference
into this Transaction Statement.
Opinion of the Special Committee's Financial Advisor
In connection
with its opinion, Duff & Phelps made such reviews,
analyses and inquiries as it deemed necessary and appropriate under
the circumstances. Duff & Phelps also took into account
its assessment of general economic, market and financial
conditions, as well as its experience in securities and business
valuation in general, and with respect to similar transactions in
particular. Duff & Phelps's procedures, investigations and
financial analyses with respect to the preparation of its opinion
included, but were not limited to, the items summarized
below:
- •
- reviewed the
Company's annual reports and audited financial statements on
Form 20-F filed with the SEC for the years ended
December 31, 2015 through December 31, 2019 and the
Company's unaudited interim financial statements for the six months
ended June 30, 2018, June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2020
included in the Company's Form 6-K filed with the
SEC;
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Table of
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- •
- reviewed the
Company's unaudited segment financial information for the years
ended December 31, 2015 through December 31, 2019 and for
the six months ended June 30, 2018, June 30, 2019 and
June 30, 2020, each provided by the management of the
Company;
- •
- reviewed information
regarding the Company's long-term investments (the "Long-term
Investments"), including, among other information, unaudited
book values recorded by the Company as of June 30, 2020 and
latest financing information and the ownership by the Company of
certain investments, each provided by the management of the
Company;
- •
- reviewed the
Management Projections, upon which Duff & Phelps has
relied, with the Company's and the Special Committee's consent, in
performing its analysis;
- •
- reviewed other
internal documents relating to the history, past and current
operations, financial conditions, and probable future outlook of
the Company, provided to Duff & Phelps by the management
of the Company;
- •
- reviewed a letter
dated September 28, 2020 from the management of the Company,
which made certain representations as to certain historical
financial information for the Company, the Long-term Investments,
and the Management Projections and the underlying assumptions of
such projections (the "Management Representation
Letter");
- •
- reviewed documents
related to the Merger, including a draft of the Merger Agreement
and a draft of the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement dated
September 28, 2020;
- •
- discussed the
information referred to above and the background and other elements
of the Merger with the management of the Company;
- •
- discussed with the
management of the Company its plans and intentions with respect to
the management and operation of the Company's business;
- •
- reviewed the
historical trading price and trading volume of the ADSs, and the
publicly traded securities of certain other companies that
Duff & Phelps deemed relevant;
- •
- performed certain
valuation and comparative analyses using generally accepted
valuation and analytical techniques, including a discounted cash
flow analysis, an analysis of selected public companies that
Duff & Phelps deemed relevant, and an analysis of selected
transactions that Duff & Phelps deemed relevant;
and
- •
- conducted such other
analyses and considered such other factors as Duff &
Phelps deemed appropriate.
In performing
its analyses and rendering its opinion with respect to the Merger,
Duff & Phelps, with the Company's and the Special
Committee's consent:
- •
- relied upon the
accuracy, completeness, and fair presentation of all information,
data, advice, opinions and representations obtained from public
sources or provided to it from private sources, including the
management of the Company, and did not independently verify such
information;
- •
- relied upon the fact
that the Special Committee, the Sogou Board, and the Company have
been advised by counsel as to all legal matters with respect to the
Merger, including whether all procedures required by law to be
taken in connection with the Merger have been duly, validly and
timely taken;
- •
- assumed that any
estimates, evaluations, forecasts and projections furnished to
Duff & Phelps, including, without limitation, the
Management Projections, were reasonably prepared and based upon the
best currently available information and good faith judgment of the
person furnishing
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Table of
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the same, and
Duff & Phelps expresses no opinion with respect to such
estimates, evaluations, forecasts or projections or the underlying
assumptions;
- •
- assumed that the
information supplied and representations made by the management of
the Company are substantially accurate regarding the Company and
the Merger;
- •
- assumed that the
representations and warranties made in the Merger Agreement and the
Management Representation Letter are substantially accurate;
- •
- assumed that the
final versions of all documents reviewed by Duff & Phelps
in draft form conform in all material respects to the drafts
reviewed;
- •
- assumed that there
has been no material change in the assets, liabilities (contingent
or otherwise), financial condition, results of operations,
businesses, or prospects of the Company since the date of the most
recent financial statements and other information made available to
Duff & Phelps, and that there is no information or facts
that would make the information reviewed by Duff & Phelps
incomplete or misleading;
- •
- assumed that all of
the conditions required to implement the Merger will be satisfied
and that the Merger will be completed in accordance with the Merger
Agreement, in each case without any amendments thereto or any
waivers of any terms or conditions thereof; and
- •
- assumed that all
governmental, regulatory or other consents and approvals necessary
for the consummation of the Merger will be obtained without any
adverse effect on the Company or the contemplated benefits expected
to be derived in the Merger.
To the extent
that any of the foregoing assumptions or any of the facts on which
the opinion is based prove to be untrue in any material respect,
Duff & Phelps's opinion cannot and should not be relied
upon. Furthermore, in Duff & Phelps's analysis and in
connection with the preparation of its opinion, Duff &
Phelps has made numerous assumptions with respect to industry
performance, general business, market and economic conditions and
other matters, many of which are beyond the control of any party
involved in the Merger.
Duff &
Phelps prepared its opinion effective as of the date thereof. Its
opinion was necessarily based upon market, economic, financial and
other conditions as they existed and can be evaluated as of the
date thereof, and Duff & Phelps disclaims any undertaking
or obligation to advise any person of any change in any fact or
matter affecting its opinion which may come or be brought to the
attention of Duff & Phelps after the date thereof. The
credit, financial and stock markets have been experiencing unusual
volatility and Duff & Phelps expresses no opinion or view
as to any potential effects of such volatility on the Company or
the Merger.
Duff &
Phelps did not evaluate the Company's solvency or conduct an
independent appraisal or physical inspection of any specific assets
or liabilities (contingent or otherwise). Duff & Phelps
has not been requested to, and did not, (i) initiate any
discussions with, or solicit any indications of interest from,
third parties with respect to the Merger, the assets, businesses or
operations of the Company, or any alternatives to the Merger,
(ii) negotiate the terms of the Merger, and therefore,
Duff & Phelps has assumed that such terms are the most
beneficial terms, from the Company's perspective, that could, under
the circumstances, be negotiated among the parties to the Merger
Agreement and the Merger, or (iii) advise the Special
Committee or any other party with respect to alternatives to the
Merger. Duff & Phelps did not undertake an independent
analysis of any potential or actual litigation, regulatory action,
possible unasserted claims or other contingent liabilities, to
which the Company is or may be a party or is or may be subject, or
of any governmental investigation of any possible unasserted claims
or other contingent liabilities to which the Company is or may be a
party or is or may be subject.
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Duff &
Phelps is not expressing any opinion as to the market price or
value of the Shares or ADSs (or anything else) after the
announcement or the completion of the Merger. Duff &
Phelps's opinion should not be construed as a valuation opinion, a
credit rating, a solvency opinion, an analysis of the Company's
credit worthiness, as tax advice, or as accounting advice.
Duff & Phelps has not made, and assumes no responsibility
to make, any representation, or render any opinion, as to any legal
matter.
In rendering
its opinion, Duff & Phelps was not expressing any opinion
with respect to the amount or nature of any compensation to any of
the Company's officers, directors, or employees, or any class of
such persons, relative to the merger consideration, or with respect
to the fairness of any such compensation.
Duff &
Phelps's opinion was furnished solely for the use and benefit of
the Special Committee in connection with its consideration of the
Merger and is not intended to, and does not, confer any rights or
remedies upon any other person, and is not intended to be used, and
may not be used, by any other person or for any other purpose,
without Duff & Phelps's express consent. Duff &
Phelps has consented to the inclusion of the opinion in its
entirety and the description hereof in this Transaction Statement
and any other filing the Company is required to make with the SEC
in connection with the Merger if such inclusion is required by
applicable law. The opinion (i) does not address the merits of
the underlying business decision to enter into the Merger versus
any alternative strategy or transaction; (ii) does not address
any transaction related to the Merger; (iii) is not a
recommendation as to how the Special Committee, the Sogou Board or
any other person (including security holders of the Company) should
vote or act with respect to any matters relating to the Merger, or
whether to proceed with the Merger or any related transaction; and
(iv) does not indicate that the Per Share Merger Consideration
or the Per ADS Merger Consideration is the best possibly attainable
under any circumstances; instead, it merely states whether the Per
Share Merger Consideration or the Per ADS Merger Consideration is
within or above a range suggested by certain financial analyses.
The decision as to whether to proceed with the Merger or any
related transaction may depend on an assessment of factors
unrelated to the financial analysis on which the opinion is based.
Duff & Phelps's opinion should not be construed as
creating any fiduciary duty on the part of Duff & Phelps
to any party.
The Company is
organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands and the relationship
of the Special Committee and the Company and its shareholders is
governed by Cayman Islands law. Duff & Phelps has informed
the Company that Duff & Phelps's engagement letter with
the Special Committee does not create any contractual relationship
with the Company's shareholders, and that it does not believe that
under the laws of the Cayman Islands there is any extra-contractual
fiduciary relationship between Duff & Phelps and the
Company's shareholders as a result of Duff & Phelps'
rendering of a fairness opinion to the Special
Committee.
Duff &
Phelps has been advised by its Cayman Islands attorneys as
follows:
- •
- Cayman Islands common
law, including the doctrine of stare decisis (or precedent), is
applied by the Cayman Islands courts. If there are no binding
Cayman Islands decisions, decisions from the English courts and
those of other English common law jurisdictions are persuasive.
However, Cayman Islands courts are bound by the decisions of the
Privy Council, London, sitting on an appeal from a Cayman Islands
decision.
- •
- They are not aware of
any precedent in Cayman Islands law which has ruled that a
financial advisor, as a counterparty to a contract with a special
committee of a company, owes any duties, including contractual,
tortious (see below) and/or fiduciary, to the shareholders, such
that a cause of action could be pursued directly by such
shareholders against the financial advisor. A claim in contract
requires for there to be privity of contract such that non-parties
to the contract have no right to bring a contract claim (In The
Matter Of Omni Securities Limited (No. 3)
[1998 CILR 275]).
47
Table of
Contents
- •
- If faced with a claim
by a shareholder that the financial advisor to a special committee
of the board of the Cayman Islands' company owed fiduciary duties
to the shareholders, a Cayman Islands court would likely strike out
the claim. As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a third party, such
as a financial advisor to a company, does not owe fiduciary duties
to either the company (for which any duty is typically contractual)
or to the shareholders (as to which there is no fiduciary duty at
all). A claimant shareholder would therefore have no standing to
bring the claim. A chose in action (a claim) belonging to a
company, for example as a counterparty to a contract with a
financial advisor, for breach of contract and/or a tort, can only
be brought in a court of law by the company itself. A shareholder
has no right to seek to vindicate the company's cause of action:
Foss v Harbottle (1843) 2 Hare 461.
- •
- The categories of
fiduciary relationship in Cayman Islands law are not closed
(English v Dedham Vale Properties [1978] 1 W.L.R. 93 at 110) and
common categories include: trustee and beneficiary; agents and
principals; solicitors and clients; promoters and the company they
are promoting; partners to each other; guardians to their wards;
receivers on whose behalf s/he act; directors and companies etc.
(para 7-004, Snell's Equity, 33rd edition,
Sweet & Maxell). There is, however, growing judicial
support for the view that: "a fiduciary is someone who has
undertaken to act for or on behalf of another in a particular
matter in circumstances which give rise to a relationship of trust
and confidence" (Bristol & West Building Society v. Mothew
[1998] Ch. 1 at 18). It seems unlikely that a financial
advisor to a special committee of a company could have a
relationship of trust and confidence with the shareholders of the
company.
- •
- In the Supreme Court
of the United Kingdom case of Sevilleja v Marex Financial Ltd
[2020] UKSC 31 it was held that shareholders are barred from
bringing claims which seek to recover a sum equal to the diminution
in the market value of their shares, or equal to the likely
diminution in dividend, due to a rule of law known as "reflective
loss" such that when a shareholder acquires a share he or she
accepts the fact that the value of his or her investment follows
the fortunes of the company and that he or she can only exercise
his influence over the fortunes of the company by the exercise of
his or her voting rights in general meetings. The rule was
established by the decision of the Court of Appeal in Prudential
Assurance Co Ltd v Newman Industries Ltd (No
2) [1982] Ch 204 at 224 and the decision of the House of
Lords in Johnson v Gore Wood & Co [2002] 2 AC 1 which
precludes recovery of loss, where the "loss" is merely a reflection
of the loss suffered by the company. Equally therefore,
shareholders would be barred from bringing such "reflective loss"
claims against the company's third party financial advisor.
- •
- The exception to the
reflective loss rule is that a shareholder may be able to bring a
derivative action on behalf of a company against a third party
financial advisor to the company if it can be shown that those in
control of the company (i.e., the board of directors) do not
want to pursue a valid claim on the company's behalf (Prudential
Assurance Co Ltd v Newman Industries Ltd (No
2) [1982] Ch 204 at 211). The claim would still belong to the
company, who would be the named plaintiff, and not to shareholders,
however.
- •
- A shareholder could
bring a claim against a financial advisor wrongdoer in respect of a
breach of duty owed in tort, for damages that are personal losses,
so long as these do not include "diminution in the market value of
its shares, or equal to the likely diminution in dividend"
(i.e., reflective loss) (Johnson v Gore Wood & Co
[2002] 2 AC 1 61C to 62D). A non-reflective loss tort may be
actionable if a legal duty of care exists based on a tripartite
test: harm must be reasonably foreseeable as a result of the
defendant's conduct; the parties must be in a relationship of
proximity; and it must be fair, just and reasonable to impose
liability (Caparo Industries PLC v Dickman [1990] UKHL 2 and
In The Matter Of Omni Securities Limited (No. 3) [1998 CILR
275]). Duff & Phelps's Cayman Islands attorneys are not
aware of any
48
Table of
Contents
Cayman Islands case
where a non-reflective loss claim in tort has been brought by a
company's shareholders against the financial advisor to a
company.
Duff &
Phelps has informed the Company that it intends to assert the
substance of the disclaimers included in this Transaction
Statement, its opinion and its presentation to the Special
Committee as a defense to any claim by shareholders of the Company
that might be brought against it under applicable law.
Duff & Phelps has further advised the Company that it is
of the opinion that the availability or non-availability of such a
defense will have no effect on the rights and responsibilities of
the Sogou Board under applicable law, or the rights and
responsibilities of the Sogou Board or Duff & Phelps under
the U.S. federal securities laws.
Duff &
Phelps's opinion is solely that of Duff & Phelps, and
Duff & Phelps's liability in connection with the opinion
shall be limited in accordance with the terms set forth in the
engagement letter among Duff & Phelps, the Company, and
the Special Committee dated August 10, 2020. Duff &
Phelps's opinion is confidential, and its use and disclosure are
strictly limited in accordance with the terms set forth in such
engagement letter.
Set forth below
is a summary of the material analyses performed by Duff &
Phelps in connection with the delivery of its opinion to the
Special Committee. This summary is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the full text of the opinion, attached hereto as
Exhibit (c)(1). While this summary describes the analyses and
factors that Duff & Phelps deemed material in its
presentation to the Special Committee, it is not a comprehensive
description of all analyses and factors considered by
Duff & Phelps. The preparation of a fairness opinion is a
complex process that involves various determinations as to the most
appropriate and relevant methods of financial analysis and the
application of these methods to the particular circumstances.
Therefore, a fairness opinion is not readily susceptible to partial
analysis. In arriving at its opinion, Duff & Phelps did
not attribute any particular weight to any analysis or factor
considered by it, but rather made qualitative judgments as to the
significance and relevance of each analysis and factor.
Accordingly, Duff & Phelps believes that its analyses must
be considered as a whole and that selecting portions of its
analyses and of the factors considered by it in rendering the
fairness opinion without considering all analyses and factors could
create a misleading or incomplete view of the evaluation process
underlying its opinion. The conclusion reached by Duff &
Phelps was based on all analyses and factors taken as a whole, and
also on the application of Duff & Phelps's own experience
and judgment.
The financial
analyses summarized below include information presented in tabular
format. In order for Duff & Phelps's financial analyses to
be fully understood, the tables must be read together with the text
of each summary. The tables alone do not constitute a complete
description of the financial analyses. Considering the data below
without considering the full narrative description of the financial
analyses, including the methodologies and assumptions underlying
the analyses, could create a misleading or incomplete view of
Duff & Phelps's financial analyses.
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
Duff &
Phelps performed a discounted cash flow analysis of the estimated
future unlevered free cash flows attributable to the Company for
the fiscal years ending December 31, 2020 through
December 31, 2025, with unlevered "free cash flow" defined as
cash that is available either to reinvest or to distribute to
security holders. The discounted cash flow analysis was used to
determine the net present value of estimated future free cash flows
utilizing a weighted average cost of capital as the applicable
discount rate. For the purposes of its discounted cash flow
analysis, Duff & Phelps utilized and relied upon the
Management Projections, which are described in this Transaction
Statement in the section entitled "Special Factors—Certain
Financial Projections" beginning on page 42. The costs associated
with the Company being a publicly listed company, as provided by
the management of the
49
Table of
Contents
Company, were excluded
from the financial projections because such costs would likely be
eliminated as a result of the Merger.
Duff &
Phelps estimated the net present value of all cash flows
attributable to the Company after fiscal year 2025 (the
"Terminal Value") using a perpetuity growth formula assuming
a 5.50% terminal growth rate, which took into consideration an
estimate of the expected long-term growth rate of the Chinese
economy and the Company's business. Duff & Phelps used
discount rates ranging from 12.00% to 14.00%, reflecting
Duff & Phelps's estimate of the Company's weighted average
cost of capital, to discount the projected free cash flows and the
Terminal Value. Duff & Phelps estimated the Company's
weighted average cost of capital by estimating the weighted average
of the Company's cost of equity (derived using the capital asset
pricing model) and the Company's after-tax cost of debt.
Duff & Phelps believes that this range of discount rates
is consistent with the rate of return that security holders could
expect to realize on alternative investment opportunities with
similar risk profiles.
Based on these
assumptions, Duff & Phelps's discounted cash flow analysis
resulted in an estimated enterprise value for the Company of
RMB9.95 billion to RMB14.27 billion.
Selected Public Companies and Merger and Acquisition Transactions
Analyses
Duff &
Phelps analyzed selected public companies and selected merger and
acquisition transactions for purposes of estimating valuation
multiples with which to calculate a range of implied enterprise
values of the Company. This collective analysis was based on
publicly available information and is described in more detail in
the sections that follow.
The companies
utilized for comparative purposes in the following analysis were
not directly comparable to the Company, and the transactions
utilized for comparative purposes in the following analysis were
not directly comparable to the Merger. Duff & Phelps does
not have access to non-public information of any of the companies
used for comparative purposes. Accordingly, a complete valuation
analysis of the Company and the Merger cannot rely solely upon a
quantitative review of the selected public companies and selected
transactions, but involves complex considerations and judgments
concerning differences in financial and operating characteristics
of such companies and targets, as well as other factors that could
affect their value relative to that of the Company. Therefore, the
selected public companies and selected merger and acquisition
transactions analysis is subject to certain limitations.
Selected
Public Companies Analysis. Duff & Phelps analyzed the
products and services provided by the Company and searched for
publicly traded companies in the same industry as the Company and
then compared certain financial information of the Company to
corresponding data and ratios from publicly traded companies in
online search industry that Duff & Phelps deemed relevant
to its analysis. For purposes of its analysis, Duff &
Phelps used certain publicly available historical financial data
and consensus equity analyst estimates for the selected publicly
traded companies. The six companies included in the selected public
companies analysis in the online search industry were:
|
|
|
Online Search
Companies |
|
•
Alphabet Inc.
|
|
|
•
Baidu, Inc.
|
|
|
•
Z Holdings Corporation
|
|
|
•
NAVER Corporation
|
|
|
•
Yandex N.V.
|
|
|
•
Kakao Corp.
|
Duff &
Phelps selected these companies for its analysis based on their
relative similarity, primarily in terms of business model, to that
of the Company.
50
Table of
Contents
The tables
below summarize certain observed trading multiples and historical
and projected financial performance, on an aggregate basis, of the
selected public companies. The estimates for 2020, 2021 and 2022 in
the tables below with respect to the selected public companies were
derived based on information for the 12-month periods ending
closest to the Company's fiscal year ends for which information was
available. Data related to the Company's earnings before interest,
taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") and earnings
before interest and taxes ("EBIT") were adjusted for
purposes of this analysis to eliminate public company costs and
non-recurring income (expenses) and include share-based
compensation.
Due to the
limited comparability of the selected public companies' financial
metrics relative to the Company, rather than applying a range of
selected multiples from a review of the public companies,
Duff & Phelps reviewed various valuation multiples for the
Company implied by the valuation range determined from the
discounted cash flow analysis in the context of the Company's
relative size, growth in revenue and profits, profit margins,
capital spending and other characteristics that it deemed
relevant.
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|
|
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|
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|
REVENUE GROWTH |
|
EBITDA GROWTH |
|
EBITDA MARGIN |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3-YR CAGR |
|
LTM |
|
2020 |
|
2021 |
|
2022 |
|
3-YR CAGR |
|
LTM |
|
2020 |
|
2021 |
|
2022 |
|
3-YR AVG |
|
LTM |
|
2020 |
|
2021 |
|
2022 |
|
|
|
|
Alphabet Inc.
|
|
|
21.5 |
% |
|
12.0 |
% |
|
7.1 |
% |
|
20.6 |
% |
|
16.2 |
% |
|
17.3 |
% |
|
3.0 |
% |
|
–3.7 |
% |
|
27.2 |
% |
|
16.2 |
% |
|
30.8 |
% |
|
27.7 |
% |
|
26.7 |
% |
|
28.2 |
% |
|
28.2 |
% |
|
|
|
Baidu, Inc.(1)
|
|
|
15.2 |
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
–1.6 |
|
|
13.1 |
|
|
11.4 |
|
|
–3.0 |
|
|
68.4 |
|
|
20.0 |
|
|
24.8 |
|
|
15.2 |
|
|
18.5 |
|
|
16.1 |
|
|
14.5 |
|
|
16.0 |
|
|
16.6 |
|
|
|
|
Z Holdings Corporation
|
|
|
7.2 |
|
|
13.2 |
|
|
12.9 |
|
|
7.5 |
|
|
26.8 |
|
|
–0.7 |
|
|
32.7 |
|
|
16.0 |
|
|
16.7 |
|
|
19.8 |
|
|
22.6 |
|
|
23.6 |
|
|
22.8 |
|
|
24.8 |
|
|
23.4 |
|
|
|
|
NAVER Corporation
|
|
|
17.9 |
|
|
17.0 |
|
|
16.7 |
|
|
16.2 |
|
|
12.2 |
|
|
–1.2 |
|
|
19.3 |
|
|
19.5 |
|
|
34.4 |
|
|
19.8 |
|
|
23.1 |
|
|
19.2 |
|
|
18.8 |
|
|
21.7 |
|
|
23.1 |
|
|
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|
Yandex N.V.
|
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32.2 |
|
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23.3 |
|
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25.8 |
|
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43.2 |
|
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26.0 |
|
|
31.7 |
|
|
–11.3 |
|
|
–2.5 |
|
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47.9 |
|
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40.0 |
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28.4 |
|
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22.9 |
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21.2 |
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21.9 |
|
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24.3 |
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Kakao Corp.
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28.0 |
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27.3 |
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28.6 |
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23.4 |
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19.6 |
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22.6 |
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103.6 |
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56.2 |
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43.4 |
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20.8 |
|
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12.4 |
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16.2 |
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16.8 |
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19.5 |
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19.7 |
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Mean
|
|
|
20.3 |
% |
|
15.5 |
% |
|
14.9 |
% |
|
20.7 |
% |
|
18.7 |
% |
|
11.1 |
% |
|
36.0 |
% |
|
17.6 |
% |
|
32.4 |
% |
|
22.0 |
% |
|
22.6 |
% |
|
21.0 |
% |
|
20.1 |
% |
|
22.0 |
% |
|
22.5 |
% |
|
|
|
Median
|
|
|
19.7 |
% |
|
15.1 |
% |
|
14.8 |
% |
|
18.4 |
% |
|
17.9 |
% |
|
8.3 |
% |
|
26.0 |
% |
|
17.8 |
% |
|
30.8 |
% |
|
19.8 |
% |
|
22.8 |
% |
|
21.0 |
% |
|
20.0 |
% |
|
21.8 |
% |
|
23.3 |
% |
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
Baidu Core Business(2)
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.5 |
% |
|
31.3 |
% |
|
31.9 |
% |
|
28.0 |
% |
|
25.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Sogou Inc.(3)
|
|
|
22.6 |
% |
|
3.2 |
% |
|
–15.2 |
% |
|
0.6 |
% |
|
19.7 |
% |
|
9.3 |
% |
|
–15.1 |
% |
|
NM |
|
|
NM |
|
|
NM |
|
|
14.0 |
% |
|
6.2 |
% |
|
–8.9 |
% |
|
–9.2 |
% |
|
–2.4 |
% |
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ENTERPRISE VALUE AS MULTIPLE OF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3-YR AVG EBITDA |
|
LTM EBITDA |
|
2020 EBITDA |
|
2021 EBITDA |
|
2022 EBITDA |
|
3-YR AVG EBIT |
|
LTM EBIT |
|
2020 EBIT |
|
2021 EBIT |
|
2022 EBIT |
|
LTM Revenue |
|
2020 Revenue |
|
2021 Revenue |
|
2022 Revenue |
|
|
|
|
Alphabet Inc.
|
|
|
21.6x |
|
|
19.6x |
|
|
19.5x |
|
|
15.3x |
|
|
13.2x |
|
|
27.7x |
|
|
27.1x |
|
|
27.5x |
|
|
20.7x |
|
|
17.1x |
|
|
5.45x |
|
|
5.22x |
|
|
4.33x |
|
|
3.72x |
|
|
|
|
Baidu, Inc.(1)
|
|
|
11.9 |
|
|
12.2 |
|
|
13.6 |
|
|
10.9 |
|
|
9.5 |
|
|
16.9 |
|
|
19.4 |
|
|
21.4 |
|
|
15.7 |
|
|
10.1 |
|
|
1.98 |
|
|
1.97 |
|
|
1.74 |
|
|
1.56 |
|
|
|
|
Z Holdings Corporation
|
|
|
16.2 |
|
|
13.5 |
|
|
13.4 |
|
|
11.5 |
|
|
9.6 |
|
|
22.1 |
|
|
20.8 |
|
|
20.8 |
|
|
15.8 |
|
|
14.3 |
|
|
3.19 |
|
|
3.06 |
|
|
2.84 |
|
|
2.24 |
|
|
|
|
NAVER Corporation
|
|
|
29.8 |
|
|
27.7 |
|
|
26.1 |
|
|
19.5 |
|
|
16.2 |
|
|
40.0 |
|
|
45.6 |
|
|
36.2 |
|
|
25.2 |
|
|
20.2 |
|
|
5.32 |
|
|
4.90 |
|
|
4.22 |
|
|
3.76 |
|
|
|
|
Yandex N.V.
|
|
|
43.9 |
|
|
38.9 |
|
|
35.2 |
|
|
23.8 |
|
|
17.0 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
NM |
|
|
57.4 |
|
|
36.8 |
|
|
25.1 |
|
|
8.89 |
|
|
7.46 |
|
|
5.21 |
|
|
4.13 |
|
|
|
|
Kakao Corp.
|
|
|
NM |
|
|
49.1 |
|
|
41.6 |
|
|
29.0 |
|
|
24.0 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
NM |
|
|
62.7 |
|
|
39.3 |
|
|
30.5 |
|
|
7.97 |
|
|
6.97 |
|
|
5.65 |
|
|
4.72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mean
|
|
|
24.7x |
|
|
26.9x |
|
|
24.9x |
|
|
18.3x |
|
|
14.9x |
|
|
26.7x |
|
|
28.2x |
|
|
37.7x |
|
|
25.6x |
|
|
19.6x |
|
|
5.47x |
|
|
4.93x |
|
|
4.00x |
|
|
3.36x |
|
|
|
|
Median
|
|
|
21.6x |
|
|
23.7x |
|
|
22.8x |
|
|
17.4x |
|
|
14.7x |
|
|
24.9x |
|
|
24.0x |
|
|
31.9x |
|
|
22.9x |
|
|
18.7x |
|
|
5.38x |
|
|
5.06x |
|
|
4.27x |
|
|
3.74x |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Baidu Core
Business(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.02x |
|
|
1.04x |
|
|
0.92x |
|
|
0.84x |
|
|
- (1)
- EBITDA metrics of
Baidu, Inc. are after amortization of licensing.
- (2)
- Baidu Core Business
is Baidu, Inc. excluding the iQiyi segment. Historical
financial information based on segment data from SEC filings.
Financial projections based on difference between Baidu, Inc.
and iQiyi, Inc. projections from analyst reports. Enterprise
value calculated by adjusting Baidu, Inc.'s enterprise value
to exclude the market value of its stake in iQiyi, non-controlling
interest attributable to iQiyi, and cash, debt, and investments
attributable to iQiyi.
- (3)
- Sogou Inc.'s
financial performance metrics presented are adjusted to exclude
public company costs and non-recurring income and expenses and
include share-based compensation. Projected metrics reflect the
Management Projections.
CAGR = Compound
Annual Growth Rate
LTM = Latest
Twelve Months
EBITDA = Earnings
Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization
Enterprise
Value = (Market
Capitalization) + (Debt + Preferred
Stock + Non-Controlling Interest)—(Cash &
Equivalents)—(Net Non-Operating Assets)
EBIT = Earnings
Before Interest and Taxes
Source: Capital IQ,
Bloomberg, Company filings, press releases
51
Table of
Contents
Selected
M&A Transactions Analysis. Duff & Phelps compared the
Company to the target companies involved in the selected merger and
acquisition transactions listed in the tables below. The selection
of these transactions was based on, among other things, the target
company's industry, the relative size of the transaction compared
to the Merger and the availability of public information related to
the transaction. The selected transactions indicated enterprise
value to LTM revenue multiples ranging from 0.44x to 45.92x with a
median of 2.45x, enterprise value to LTM EBIT multiples ranging
from 11.0x to 47.4x with a median of 26.2x enterprise value to LTM
EBITDA multiples ranging from 4.8x to 66.2x with a median of
14.3x.
The Company is
not directly comparable to the target companies in the selected
M&A transactions analysis given certain characteristics of the
transactions and the target companies, including business and
industry comparability and lack of recent relevant transactions.
Therefore, although reviewed, Duff & Phelps did not select
valuation multiples for the Company based on the selected M&A
transactions analysis.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Announced Date
|
|
Target Name |
|
Acquirer Name |
|
Enterprise Value |
|
Equity Value |
|
LTM Revenue |
|
LTM EBITDA |
|
LTM EBIT |
|
EBITDA Margin |
|
EV / EBITDA |
|
EV / EBIT |
|
EV / Revenue |
|
7/12/20
|
|
Webcentral Group Limited |
|
Web.com Group, Inc. |
|
$ |
59 |
|
$ |
8 |
|
$ |
58 |
|
$ |
7 |
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
12.2 |
% |
|
8.3x |
|
|
47.4x |
|
|
1.02x |
|
4/2/20
|
|
58.com Inc. |
|
General Atlantic; Warburg Pincus; Ohio River Investment; Ocean
Link Partners; THL E Limited; Huang River Investment |
|
$ |
7,987 |
|
$ |
9,002 |
|
$ |
2,131 |
|
$ |
813 |
|
$ |
729 |
|
|
38.2 |
% |
|
9.8x |
|
|
11.0x |
|
|
3.75x |
|
9/3/19
|
|
Team
Internet AG |
|
CentralNic Group Plc |
|
$ |
51 |
|
$ |
48 |
|
$ |
68 |
|
$ |
11 |
|
|
NA |
|
|
15.9 |
% |
|
4.8x |
|
|
NA |
|
|
0.76x |
|
6/20/18
|
|
Web.com Group, Inc. |
|
Siris
Capital Group, LLC |
|
$ |
2,035 |
|
$ |
1,422 |
|
$ |
751 |
|
$ |
142 |
|
$ |
83 |
|
|
18.9 |
% |
|
14.3x |
|
|
24.6x |
|
|
2.71x |
|
5/9/18
|
|
Mitula Group Limited |
|
LIFULL Co., Ltd. |
|
$ |
145 |
|
$ |
160 |
|
$ |
27 |
|
$ |
7 |
|
$ |
5 |
|
|
27.5 |
% |
|
19.5x |
|
|
27.9x |
|
|
5.36x |
|
11/26/17
|
|
Bazaarvoice, Inc. |
|
Marlin Equity Partners, LLC; Marlin Equity IV LP;
Marlin Equity V |
|
$ |
456 |
|
$ |
516 |
|
$ |
206 |
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
NA |
|
|
0.4 |
% |
|
NM |
|
|
NA |
|
|
2.21x |
|
7/24/17
|
|
WebMD
Health Corp. |
|
MH
SUB I, LLC |
|
$ |
2,641 |
|
$ |
2,527 |
|
$ |
709 |
|
$ |
185 |
|
$ |
167 |
|
|
26.0 |
% |
|
14.3x |
|
|
15.8x |
|
|
3.73x |
|
6/20/17
|
|
ARI
Network Services, Inc. |
|
True
Wind Capital Management, L.P.; True Wind
Capital, L.P. |
|
$ |
138 |
|
$ |
123 |
|
$ |
51 |
|
$ |
7 |
|
$ |
4 |
|
|
12.8 |
% |
|
21.1x |
|
|
35.6x |
|
|
2.69x |
|
8/25/16
|
|
Oneclickretail.com LLC |
|
Ascential plc |
|
$ |
225 |
|
$ |
44 |
|
$ |
5 |
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
NA |
|
|
69.4 |
% |
|
66.2x |
|
|
NA |
|
|
45.92x |
|
7/23/16
|
|
Yahoo! Inc., Operating Business |
|
Verizon Communications Inc. |
|
$ |
4,476 |
|
$ |
4,476 |
|
$ |
5,169 |
|
$ |
381 |
|
($ |
127 |
) |
|
7.4 |
% |
|
11.8x |
|
|
NM |
|
|
0.87x |
|
6/27/16
|
|
ReachLocal, Inc. |
|
Gannett Co., Inc. |
|
$ |
158 |
|
$ |
139 |
|
$ |
362 |
|
|
NA |
|
|
NA |
|
|
NA |
|
|
NA |
|
|
NA |
|
|
0.44x |
|
2/11/16
|
|
Yodle, Inc. |
|
Web.com Group, Inc. |
|
$ |
418 |
|
$ |
300 |
|
$ |
208 |
|
|
NA |
|
|
NA |
|
|
NA |
|
|
NA |
|
|
NA |
|
|
2.01x |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mean |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.9x |
|
|
27.0x |
|
|
5.95x |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Median |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.3x |
|
|
26.2x |
|
|
2.45x |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Summary of Selected Public Companies / M&A Transactions
Analyses
Duff&
Phelps noted that while it reviewed the selected public companies
and the selected M&A transactions, it did not select valuation
multiples for the Company based on the selected public companies
analysis and the selected M&A transactions analysis for the
reasons described in the sections titled "Selected Public Companies
Analysis" and "Selected M&A Transactions Analysis" above,
respectively.
Summary of Discounted Cash Flow Analysis and Selected Public
Companies / M&A Transactions Analyses
The range of
estimated enterprise values for the Company that Duff &
Phelps derived from its discounted cash flow analysis was
RMB9.95 billion to RMB14.27 billion. Duff &
Phelps concluded that the Company's enterprise value was within a
range of RMB9.95 billion to RMB14.27 billion based on the
analyses described above.
Based on the
concluded enterprise value, Duff & Phelps estimated the
range of equity value of the Company to be RMB18.406 billion
to RMB22.726 billion by:
- •
- adding proceeds from
exercise of options of RMB1.43 million;
52
Table of
Contents
- •
- adding cash and
short-term investments of RMB8.115 billion;
- •
- adding restricted
cash of RMB39.36 million;
- •
- adding long-term
investments of RMB916.07 million;
- •
- adding other assets
of RMB48.95 million;
- •
- subtracting
non-controlling interest of RMB1.59 million; and
- •
- subtracting working
capital deficit of RMB860.00 million.
Based on the
foregoing analysis, Duff & Phelps estimated the value of
each ADS to range from US$6.99 to US$8.63.
Summary of Financial Analysis
Duff &
Phelps noted that the Per Share Merger Consideration to be received
by the holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares (other than the
Excluded Shares and Shares represented by ADSs) and the Per ADS
Merger Consideration to be received by the holders of the ADSs
(other than ADSs representing the Excluded Shares) in the Merger
was above the range of the per Class A Ordinary Share and per
ADS value indicated in its analyses.
Duff &
Phelps's opinion was only one of the many factors considered by the
Special Committee in its evaluation of the Merger and should not be
viewed as determinative of the views of the Special
Committee.
Fees and Expenses
As compensation
for Duff & Phelps's services in connection with the
rendering of its opinion to the Special Committee, the Company
agreed to pay Duff & Phelps a fee of US$850,000,
consisting of a nonrefundable retainer of US$425,000 payable upon
engagement, and US$425,000 payable upon Duff & Phelps
rendering the opinion at the request of the Special
Committee.
No portion of
Duff & Phelps's fee is refundable or contingent upon the
consummation of a transaction, including the Merger, or the
conclusion reached in the opinion. The Company has also agreed to
indemnify Duff & Phelps for certain liabilities arising
out of its engagement. In addition, the Company has agreed to
reimburse Duff & Phelps for its reasonable out-of-pocket
expenses incurred in connection with the rendering of its opinion
not to exceed US$50,000.
The terms of
the fee arrangements with Duff & Phelps, which the Company
believes are customary in transactions of this nature, were
negotiated at arm's length, and the Special Committee and the Sogou
Board are aware of these fee arrangements.
Disclosure of Prior Relationships
During the two
years preceding the date of Duff & Phelps's opinion, in
matters unrelated to the Merger, Duff & Phelps provided
certain valuation services to Tencent, Sohu.com, and the Company
(or their respective affiliates) and received fees, expense
reimbursement, and indemnification for such engagements.
Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger
Under
Rule 13e-3 and related SEC rules under the Exchange Act
governing "going private" transactions, each member of the Tencent
Group is deemed to be engaged in a "going private" transaction and
is required to express its reasons for the Merger to the
Unaffiliated Security Holders. The members of the Tencent Group are
making the statements below solely for the purpose of
53
Table of
Contents
complying with the
requirements of Rule 13e-3 and related rules under the
Exchange Act. For the Tencent Group, the purpose of the Merger is
to enable Tencent to acquire 100% control of the Company in a
transaction in which Unaffiliated Security Holders will be cashed
out in exchange for the Per ADS Merger Consideration and the Per
Share Merger Consideration, such that Tencent will bear the rewards
and risks of sole direct and indirect ownership of the Company
after the Merger is completed, including any increases in value of
the Company from improvements to the Company's operations and
results.
Following THL's
investment in the Company in September 2013, Tencent continually
evaluated the Company's business, prospects, and financial
condition; market conditions; and other developments and factors it
deemed relevant to the management of its investment in the Company.
The Tencent Group believes that the operating environment for the
Company has changed in a significant manner since the Company's
initial public offering and that the Company has been facing
increasing challenges recently, with the already high search
penetration in a mature Internet user base and the shift in the
advertising customers' performance-based advertising budgets from
traditional search channels to vertical apps and short-form video
platforms that have more targeted traffic and better content
ecosystems. These changes caused a significant slowdown in the
Company's revenue growth in 2019 compared with previous years and,
when coupled with the headwinds from the COVID-19 pandemic and the
general economic slowdown in China and throughout the world since
the beginning of this year, are expected to further increase the
uncertainty and volatility inherent in the businesses of the
Company and cause considerably greater short and medium-term
volatility in the Company's earnings. Responding to such current
challenges will require tolerance for volatility in the performance
of the Company's business and a willingness to make business
decisions focused on improving the Company's long-term
profitability. The Tencent Group believes that these strategies
would be most effectively implemented in the context of a private
company structure. The Tencent Group also believes that the Company
will benefit from having a strong parent company that will be
controlled by Tencent and that will be committed to investing in
the long-term growth of the business and presenting the Company
with significant partnership and synergy opportunities. Following
the Merger, the Company's management will have greater flexibility
to focus on improving long-term profitability without the pressures
exerted by the public market's valuation of the Company and its
emphasis on short-term period-to-period performance. Further, as a
privately held company, the Company will be relieved of many of the
other expenses, burdens and constraints imposed on companies that
are subject to the public reporting requirements under the U.S.
federal securities laws, including the Exchange Act and the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
In light of the
Tencent Group's evaluation of the competitive landscape and the
increasing challenges faced by the Company as described above,
including the pressure on the Company's operating and financial
performance as a result of the recent economic slowdown in China,
the Tencent Group decided to propose the Merger at this time
because it wants to take advantage of the benefits of the Company
being a privately held company as described above. In the course of
considering the Merger, the Tencent Group did not consider
alternative transaction structures, because the Tencent Group
believed that a short-form merger under Section 233(7) of the
Cayman Islands Companies Law, such as the Merger, is the most
efficient way for the Tencent Group to acquire full ownership of
the Company.
Effects of the Merger on the Company
Memorandum and Articles of Association; Management
The memorandum
and articles of association in the form of Annex 2 to the Plan
of Merger that is attached to the Merger Agreement, which in turn
is attached to this Transaction Statement as Exhibit (d)(1),
will be the memorandum and articles of association of the Company,
as the Surviving Company, as of and after the Effective Time. In
addition, the directors of Parent immediately prior to
54
Table of
Contents
the Effective Time
will become the initial directors of the Surviving Company at and
after the Effective Time. The executive officers of the Company
immediately prior to the Effective Time will continue to be the
executive officers of the Company following the completion of the
Merger unless otherwise determined by THL prior to the Effective
Time.
Company Privately Held; Delisting from the NYSE; Termination of SEC
Registration
The Merger is a
going-private transaction pursuant to which Parent will merge with
and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the Surviving
Company resulting from the Merger. After the Merger is completed,
the Company will be a privately-held company, all of the
outstanding equity shares of which will be owned indirectly by
Tencent. As a result of the Merger, the ADSs will no longer be
listed on the NYSE and the Company will cease to be a
publicly-traded company. Following the Effective Time, the Company
will file a Form 15 with the SEC, and 90 days after
such filing, or such longer period as may be determined by the SEC,
the registration of the Class A Ordinary Shares and the ADSs
under the Exchange Act will be terminated.
Primary Benefits and Detriments of the Merger
Benefits of the Merger to the Unaffiliated Security
Holders
Benefits of the
Merger to the Unaffiliated Security Holders include:
- •
- their receipt
following the completion of the Merger of $9.00 per ADS or
Class A Ordinary Share, in cash, in exchange for the
cancellation of their ADSs and Class A Ordinary Shares,
representing a premium of approximately 56.5% over the closing
price of $5.75 per ADS on July 24, 2020, the last trading day
prior to the Company's July 27, 2020 announcement that the
Sogou Board had received from Tencent a preliminary non-binding
proposal to take the Company private, and a premium of
approximately 83.0% to the volume-weighted average price during the
last 30 trading days prior to the Sogou Board's receipt of the
Proposal on July 27, 2020.
- •
- they will no longer
be subject to the risks of the Company's experiencing decreased
revenues and profitability in the future and of volatility in the
market prices for the ADSs.
Detriments of the Merger to the Unaffiliated Security
Holders
Detriments of
the Merger to the Unaffiliated Security Holders include:
- •
- they will no longer
have any interest in the Company and as a result will not benefit
from any future growth in the revenues, profitability, or overall
value of the Company, and will not be entitled to receive any
dividends that the Company might pay on its equity shares in the
future; and
- •
- the receipt of cash
pursuant to the Merger will generally be a taxable transaction for
U.S. federal income tax purposes and may also be a taxable
transaction under other applicable tax laws. A U.S. Holder (as
hereinafter defined) of ADSs or Class A Ordinary Shares who
receives cash in exchange for such U.S. Holder's ADSs or
Class A Ordinary Shares in the Merger generally will be
required to recognize gain as a result of the Merger for U.S.
federal income tax purposes if the amount of cash received exceeds
such U.S. Holder's aggregate adjusted tax basis in such Shares. See
"Special Factors—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Consequences."
55
Table of
Contents
Benefits of the Merger to the Company's Directors and Executive
Officers
Benefits of the
Merger to the Company's directors and executive officers
include:
- •
- continued
indemnification rights, rights to advancement of fees, and
directors and executive officers liability insurance, which will
continue to be provided to the existing directors and officers of
the Company following the completion of the Merger. See
"Summary—the Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger—Directors' and
Officers' Indemnification and Insurance" beginning on page 14
of this Transaction Statement;
- •
- the cash-out of
Class A Ordinary Shares and/or ADSs held by certain of the
Company's directors and executive officers;
- •
- the cash-out of
Vested Company Options at the Option Consideration held by certain
of the Company's directors and officers;
- •
- the substitution of
Restricted Cash Awards as of and after the Effective Time for
Unvested Company Options and/or Restricted Shares held by certain
of the Company's directors and officers;
- •
- the planned
continuation of service of the executive officers of the Company in
positions following the Merger that are substantially similar to
their current positions; and
- •
- the monthly
compensation of $12,000 of each member of the Special Committee in
exchange for his services in such capacity (and, in the case of the
chairman of the Special Committee, monthly compensation of
$15,000).
Detriments of the Merger to the Company's Directors and Executive
Officers
Detriments of
the Merger to the Company's directors and executive officers
include:
- •
- directors and
executive officers who currently hold ADSs or Class A Ordinary
Shares will no longer hold those ADSs or Class A Ordinary
Shares and as a result will not benefit from any future growth in
the revenues, profitability, or overall value of the Company, and
will not be entitled to receive any dividends that the Company
might pay on its equity shares in the future; and
- •
- directors' and
executive officers' receipt of cash pursuant to the Merger will
generally be a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax
purposes and may also be a taxable transaction under state, local,
foreign, and other applicable tax laws.
Benefits of the Merger to the Tencent Group
Benefits of the
Merger to the Tencent Group include the following:
- •
- Tencent, as the
beneficial owner of all of the Company's outstanding equity after
the Merger, will benefit from any future growth in the revenues,
profitability, or overall value of the Company, and will be
entitled to receive all of any dividends that the Company might pay
on its equity shares in the future;
- •
- the Company will have
more freedom to focus on long-term strategic planning;
- •
- Tencent and the
Company will be able to adjust strategies for the Company,
including expenditures and exploring new or different initiatives,
without the public market scrutiny and analysts' quarterly
expectations to which the Company is currently subject as a
stand-alone publicly-traded company; and
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- •
- the costs and
administrative burdens associated with the Company's status as a
U.S. publicly-traded company, including the costs associated with
regulatory filings and compliance requirements, will be
reduced.
Detriments of the Merger to the Tencent Group
Detriments of
the Merger to the Tencent Group include the following:
- •
- it will be subject to
the risks of the Company's experiencing decreased revenues and
profitability in the future; and
- •
- the benefits of there
being a trading market for the Company's shares of equity capital,
including the use of the Company's publicly-traded equity as
currency in acquisitions or to incentivize key employees, will no
longer be available.
Effect of the Merger on the Company's Net Book Value and Net
Income
Upon completion
of the Sohu Share Purchase under the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement,
Tencent will be the beneficial owner of approximately 72.9% of the
combined total of the Company's issued and outstanding Class A
Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares, representing
approximately 94.0% of the total voting power in the Company. Upon
completion of the Merger, Tencent will have beneficial ownership of
100% of the outstanding equity share capital in the Company. The
table below sets out the indirect interest in the Company's net
book value and net income for Tencent (i) before and after the
Sohu Share Purchase and (ii) before and after the Merger,
based on the historical net book value of the Company as of
December 31, 2019 and net income attributable to the Company
for the year ended December 31, 2019.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ownership Before
the Share Purchase |
|
Ownership After the Share Purchase and Before the
Merger |
|
Ownership After the Merger |
|
Net Book Value |
|
Net income |
|
Net Book Value |
|
Net income |
|
Net Book Value |
|
Net income |
|
US$ |
|
% |
|
US$ |
|
% |
|
US$ |
|
% |
|
US$ |
|
% |
|
US$ |
|
% |
|
US$ |
|
% |
|
(In thousands, except for
percentage)
|
|
417,914
|
|
|
39.3 |
|
|
35,015 |
|
|
39.3 |
|
|
778,913 |
|
|
73.2 |
|
|
65,261 |
|
|
73.2 |
|
|
1,063,503 |
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
89,105 |
|
|
100.0 |
|
Plans for the Company after the Merger
The Tencent
Group anticipates that the Company's operations will be conducted
after the Merger substantially as they are currently being
conducted, except that the Company will no longer be a
publicly-traded company and will instead be an indirect
wholly-owned subsidiary of Tencent.
The Tencent
Group currently has no plans or proposals, other than as
contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger, with
respect to the Merger and the related transactions as described in
this Transaction Statement, that would result in an extraordinary
corporate transaction involving the Company's corporate structure,
business, or management, such as a merger, reorganization,
liquidation, relocation of any material operations, or sale or
transfer of a material amount of assets. However, following the
Effective Time, Tencent will continue to evaluate the Company's
entire business and operations from time to time, and undertake
various initiatives regarding the Company which it considers to be
in the best interests of Tencent as the beneficial owner of the
Company's equity capital, including the disposition or acquisition
of material assets, alliances, joint ventures, and other forms of
cooperation with third parties or other extraordinary transactions.
The Tencent Group expressly reserves the right to make any changes
it deems appropriate to the operation of the Surviving Company in
light of such evaluation and review as well as any future
developments.
57
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Alternatives to the Merger
The Sogou Board
did not independently determine to initiate a process for the sale
of the Company. The Special Committee was formed on July 31,
2020 in response to the Sogou Board's receipt on July 27, 2020
of the Proposal. The Special Committee noted that the Proposal had
been publicly announced on July 27, 2020 and was therefore
known to the market in general, and would continue to be known to
the market through and after the execution of the Merger Agreement.
The Company had not received and did not receive from third parties
any other indications of interest in acquiring the Company. Taking
these considerations into account, the Special Committee decided
that reaching out to third parties to assess their interest in an
alternative transaction would be futile and would not be in the
best interests of the Company or the Unaffiliated Security Holders.
Since the Company's receipt of the Proposal, the Company has not
received any actionable offer from any third party for a merger or
consolidation of the Company with another company, the sale or
transfer of all or substantially all of the Company's assets, or
the purchase of all of the Company's Shares, or a sufficient number
of Shares to enable such third party to exercise control of or
significant influence over the Company.
The Special
Committee also considered the advisability of rejecting the
Proposal and allowing the Company to remain as a public-traded
company. However, based on the considerations set forth in "Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34, the
Special Committee concluded that remaining as a public company
would be less favorable than the Merger as a means to enhance the
value of the Unaffiliated Security Holders' interests in the
Company.
Effects on the Company if the Merger Were Not
Completed
The Company is
not currently aware of any reason why the Merger will not be
completed as contemplated by the Merger Agreement. If the Merger
were not completed for any reason, however, the Unaffiliated
Security Holders would not receive the Per ADS Merger Consideration
or Per Share Merger Consideration that is contemplated by the
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger. Instead, the Company would
remain a publicly-traded company and the ADSs would continue to be
listed and traded on the NYSE for so long as the Company continued
to meet the NYSE's listing requirements. The Unaffiliated Security
Holders would therefore continue to be subject to risks and
opportunities similar to those as to which they are currently with
respect to their ownership of the ADSs and the Class A
Ordinary Shares. The effect of these risks and opportunities on the
future value of the Unaffiliated Security Holders' ADSs and the
Class A Ordinary Shares cannot be predicted with any
certainty. There is also a risk that the market price of the ADSs
would decline if the Merger were not completed, based on an
assumption that the current market price reflects an expectation on
the part of investors that the Merger will be completed.
If the Merger
were not completed for any reason, the Sogou Board could be
expected from time to time thereafter to evaluate and review the
business, operations, dividend policy, and capitalization of the
Company and make such changes as it deemed appropriate. If the
Merger were not completed for any reason, it is possible that no
other comparable transaction acceptable to the Company would be
offered, and that the Company's business, prospects, and results of
operations would be adversely affected.
Financing of the Aggregate Merger Consideration and Related
Expenses
See
"Summary—Financing of the Merger" on page 22 of this
Transaction Statement. Financing of the Aggregate Merger
Consideration and related expenses is not a condition under the
Merger Agreement to the obligations of THL and Parent to complete
the Merger, and the Tencent Group has indicated that it intends to
fund the Aggregate Merger Consideration and related expenses with
cash on hand.
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Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger
The Tencent
Group and the Company's directors and executive officers have
interests in the Merger and related transactions that are different
from the interests of the Unaffiliated Security Holders. The
Special Committee and the Sogou Board were aware of such interests
and considered them in reaching their decisions to authorize and
approve the Merger Agreement, the Plan of Merger and the related
transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
Interests of the Tencent Group
Following the
completion of the Merger, Tencent will have beneficial ownership of
100% of the outstanding equity share capital in the Company. As a
result, following the Merger Tencent will benefit from any future
growth in the revenues, profitability, or overall value of the
Company, and will be entitled to receive all of any dividends that
the Company might pay on its equity shares in the future, and will
bear the burden of any future losses of the Company. The
Unaffiliated Security Holders will not be able to enjoy any such
future benefits, but also will not bear the burden of any such
future losses. In addition, Tencent will be able to benefit from
the elimination of the Company's costs and burdens associated with
being a public company, such as the burden and expense of reporting
and other disclosure requirements of the Exchange Act, including
requirements to file with or furnish to the SEC an annual report on
Form 20-F, Forms 6-K, and other reports. The Company has
estimated that no longer being subject to such requirements will
result in a saving of direct costs of approximately
$2.3 million for the first year following the completion of
the Merger, and commensurate cost savings thereafter. The
Unaffiliated Security Holders will not be able to share the benefit
of any such cost savings.
The Tencent
Group will also be able to benefit from any enhancement in the
Company's value following the completion of the Merger that may
result from the Company having more freedom to focus on long-term
strategic planning and being able to adjust strategies for the
Company, including incurring expenditures and exploring new or
different initiatives, without the public market scrutiny and
analysts' quarterly expectations to which the Company is currently
subject as a stand-alone publicly-traded company.
See "Special
Factors—Primary Benefits and Detriments of the Merger—Benefits of
the Merger to the Tencent Group."
Interests of the Company's Directors and Executive
Officers
See
"Summary—Interests of the Company's Directors and Executive
Officers in the Merger."
The table below
sets forth the number of Class A Ordinary Shares (including
Class A Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs, but excluding
Restricted Shares) beneficially owned by the directors and
executive officers of the Company as of the date of this
Transaction Statement, and the amount of cash that such directors
and executive officers will receive pursuant to the Merger and the
related
59
Table of
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transactions. None of
the directors or executive officers of the Company held Vested
Company Options as of the date of this Transaction
Statement.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Class A
Ordinary Shares(1) |
|
Total Cash
Payment |
|
Charles Zhang
|
|
|
24,686,863 |
(2) |
$ |
222,181,767 |
|
Xiaochuan Wang
|
|
|
19,776,400 |
|
$ |
177,987,600 |
|
Yu Yin
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Joanna Lu
|
|
|
45,000 |
|
$ |
405,000 |
|
Bin Gao
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Janice Lee
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Jinmei He
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Hongtao Yang
|
|
|
1,476,000 |
|
$ |
13,284,000 |
|
Tao Hong
|
|
|
824,313 |
|
$ |
7,418,817 |
|
Fion Zhou
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
All directors and executive officers as a
group
|
|
|
46,808,576 |
|
$ |
421,277,184 |
|
- (1)
- Includes Class A
Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs, but excludes Restricted
Shares.
- (2)
- Consists of
24,686,863 Class A Ordinary Shares held of record by Photon
Group Limited. Dr. Zhang is one of the directors of Photon
Group Limited and may be deemed to beneficially own such 24,686,863
Class A Ordinary Shares. The business address of Photon Group
Limited is c/o Level 18, Sohu.com Media Plaza, No. 2
Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Dr. Zhang disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares except
to the extent of his pecuniary interest.
The table below
sets forth the numbers of Restricted Shares and Unvested Company
Options held by executive officers of the Company as of the date of
this Transaction Statement. Each Restricted Share, including any
Restricted Share represented by an ADS, that is outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time will be cancelled as of the
Effective Time in exchange for the right of the holder thereof to
receive a Restricted Cash Award in an amount equal to the Per Share
Merger Consideration. Each Unvested Company Option will be
cancelled as of the Effective Time in exchange for the right of the
holder thereof to receive a Restricted Cash Award in an amount
equal to (a) the excess, if any, of (i) the Per Share
Merger Consideration over (ii) the exercise price per
Class A Ordinary Share underlying such Unvested Company
Option, multiplied by (b) the number of Class A Ordinary
Shares underlying such Unvested Company Option. Restricted Cash
Awards issued by the Surviving Company in respect of Unvested
Equity Awards will be subject to the same vesting conditions and
schedules as were applicable to such Unvested Equity Awards prior
to the Merger and on the date, and to the extent, that any Unvested
Equity Award would have become vested without giving effect to
Merger the corresponding portion of the Restricted Cash Award will
be paid in cash to the holder of such Restricted Cash
Award.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unvested Company Options |
|
|
|
Restricted Shares |
|
Number of Class A
Ordinary Shares |
|
Exercise
Price |
|
Xiaochuan Wang
|
|
|
1,440,000 |
(1) |
|
— |
|
$ |
— |
|
Hongtao Yang
|
|
|
459,000 |
(2) |
|
— |
|
$ |
— |
|
Tao Hong
|
|
|
— |
|
|
800,000 |
(3) |
$ |
0.001 |
|
Fion Zhou
|
|
|
— |
|
|
300,000 |
(4) |
$ |
0.001 |
|
- (1)
- Consists of
Class A Ordinary Shares beneficially held by Mr. Wang
that were issued in 2013 upon Mr. Wang's early exercise of
share options. Such Class A Ordinary Shares are subject to
vesting upon the fourth anniversary of the completion of the
Company's initial public offering.
60
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- (2)
- Consists of
Class A Ordinary Shares beneficially held by Mr. Yang
that were issued upon Mr. Yang's early exercise of share
options that carried a nominal exercise price. Such Class A
Ordinary Shares are subject to vesting upon Mr. Yang's
achievement, as determined by the Company's Chief Executive
Officer, of certain annual performance milestones for 2020 or any
subsequent calendar year.
- (3)
- Consists of options
to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares at a nominal exercise
price, subject to vesting in four installments upon Mr. Hong's
achievement, as determined by the Company's Chief Executive
Officer, of certain annual performance milestones for 2020 or any
subsequent year.
- (4)
- Consists of options
to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares at a nominal exercise
price, subject to vesting in four installments upon Ms. Zhou's
achievement, as determined by the Company's Chief Executive
Officer, of certain annual performance milestones for 2020 or any
subsequent calendar year.
Interests of Sohu.com
Pursuant to the
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions
thereof, Sohu Search will sell to Parent all of the 3,717,250
Class A Ordinary Shares and 127,200,000 Class B Ordinary
Shares held by Sohu Search for consideration of $9.00 per share, or
$1,178,255,250.00 in the aggregate. If the Sohu Share Purchase is
completed pursuant to the Sohu Share Purchase Agreement, Sohu.com
will no longer have any beneficial ownership interest in the
Company. See "Summary—The Sohu Share Purchase Agreement" beginning
on page 20 of this Transaction Statement.
Related Party Transactions
The information
in "Item 7 Major Shareholders and Related Party
Transactions—Related Party Transactions, is incorporated by
reference herein from the
Sogou 2019 Form 20-F.
In the Sohu
Share Purchase Agreement, Sohu.com and Sohu Search
(i) acknowledged that the Sohu-Tencent Voting Agreement will
automatically terminate upon the closing of the Sohu Share
Purchase; (ii) agreed that the voting agreement initially
entered into as of September 16, 2013 and amended as of
August 11, 2017 by and among the Company, Sohu Search, Photon
Group Limited, Xiaochuan Wang, and the other parties thereto will
terminate upon the closing of the Sohu Share Purchase; and
(iii) agreed that, upon the request of Parent, if there is a
Sogou Board meeting prior to the closing of the Sohu Share
Purchase, Sohu Search will cause each of Dr. Charles
(Chaoyang) Zhang and Joanna (Yanfeng) Lu to (x) vote to
increase the size of the Sogou Board and elect persons designated
by Parent as directors of the Sogou Board such that the directors
designated by Parent will constitute a majority of the directors of
the Sogou Board; (y) vote to appoint a director designated by
Parent as the chair of the Sogou Board; and (z) resign from
the Sogou Board, in each case effective as of the closing of the
Sohu Share Purchase.
For the six
months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized revenues of
$14.1 million and total costs and expenses of
$56.4 million under the business collaboration arrangements
with Tencent that are described in Item 7 of the Sogou 2019
Form 20-F.
As of
June 30, 2020, the Company had $23.8 million due to, and
$2.7 million due from, Tencent, and $21.7 million due to,
and $2.6 million due from, Sohu.com and its subsidiaries and
VIEs with respect to the transactions in the ordinary course of
business between the Company and Tencent and between the Company
and Sohu.com that are described in Item 7 of the Sogou
2019.
61
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Fees and Expenses
Fees and
expenses incurred or to be incurred by the Filing Persons in
connection with the Merger are estimated at the date of this
Transaction Statement and set forth in the table below. Such fees
are subject to change pending completion of the Merger.
|
|
|
|
|
Description
|
|
Amount |
|
Legal fees and expenses
|
|
$ |
|
|
Financial advisory fees and expenses
|
|
$ |
|
|
Special Committee Fees
|
|
$ |
|
|
Depositary (including printing and
mailing)
|
|
$ |
|
|
Filing Fees
|
|
$ |
|
|
Miscellaneous fees and expenses
|
|
$ |
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
|
|
These fees and
expenses will not reduce the amount of the Aggregate Merger
Consideration that will be received by the Unaffiliated Security
Holders. The party incurring any costs and expenses in connection
with the Merger will pay those costs and expenses. The Company will
pay all costs and expenses incurred by itself or the Special
Committee in connection with the Merger, including legal fees and
expenses, financial advisory fees and expenses, and any other
miscellaneous fees and expenses. The Company will also pay the fees
to be paid to the Special Committee in connection with the
Merger.
Litigation Related to the Merger
The Company and
the Tencent Group are not aware of any legal proceedings
challenging the Merger Agreement, the Plan of Merger, the Merger,
or the related transactions.
Accounting Treatment of the Merger
Upon the
completion of the Merger, the Company will no longer be a
publicly-traded company. The Merger is expected to be accounted for
as a business combination in accordance with International
Financial Reporting Standards 3 "Business Combinations" as of the
Effective Time.
Regulatory Matters
Each of the
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement and the Merger Agreement provides
that the obligations of THL and/or Parent to complete the Sohu
Share Purchase or the Merger (as applicable) are subject to the
satisfaction or waiver of the condition that all PRC Regulatory
Filings or Approvals to be made or obtained in connection with all
transactions contemplated thereby have been duly made or obtained,
or the statutory clearance or non-objection period in respect of
any such regulatory filing or notification has expired and no
objection has been raised with respect thereto, in each case in
accordance with applicable PRC law. THL and Parent have submitted
an antitrust filing with relevant PRC regulatory authorities in
connection with the Sohu Share Purchase and the Merger and expect
that the closings of the Sohu Share Purchase and the Merger will be
subject to the clearance of such filing.
62
Table of
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No Shareholder Vote Required to Authorize the Plan of Merger and
the Merger
Holders of
Shares (including holders of Class A Ordinary Shares
represented by ADSs) will not be entitled to a vote with respect to
the Merger, as Parent will hold before the Effective Time at least
90% of the total voting power in the Company and the Merger will be
a "short-form" merger in accordance with Part XVI (and in
particular section 233(7)) of the Cayman Islands Companies
Law, which does not require approval of the shareholders of the
constituent companies to the Merger if a copy of the Plan of Merger
is given to every registered shareholder of each constituent
company.
No Ability to Follow the
Statutory Procedure to Exercise Dissenters' or Appraisal
Rights
As the Merger
will be a "short-form" merger pursuant to section 233(7) of
the Cayman Islands Companies Law, no shareholder vote on the Merger
will be held. Registered holders of Class A Ordinary Shares
(including holders of Class A Ordinary Shares represented by
ADSs) will not be able to follow the statutory procedure to
exercise dissenters' rights under section 238 of the Cayman
Islands Companies Law, which would otherwise apply if the Merger
were a "long-form" merger under section 233(6) of the Cayman
Islands Companies Law. A copy of section 238 of the Cayman
Islands Companies Law is attached to this Transaction Statement as
Exhibit (f)(2) for the information of the Unaffiliated
Security Holders. Unaffiliated Security Holders are urged to seek
their own advice on Part XVI of the Cayman Islands Companies
Law from a licensed Cayman Islands law firm.
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences
The following
is a general discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax
consequences to U.S. Holders (as defined below) of the exchange of
Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs for cash pursuant to the
Merger. This summary applies only to U.S. Holders that hold the
ADSs or Class A Ordinary Shares as capital assets and that
have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. This discussion
is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code"), as in effect on the date of this Transaction
Statement and on U.S. Treasury regulations in effect or, in some
cases, proposed, as of the date of this Transaction Statement, as
well as judicial and administrative interpretations of such tax
laws and regulations available on or before such date. All of the
foregoing authorities are subject to change, which change could
apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described
below. This discussion is not binding on the U.S. Internal Revenue
Service (the "IRS"), and the IRS or a court in the event of
an IRS dispute may challenge any of the conclusions set forth
below.
This discussion
does not address any U.S. federal estate, gift, other non-income
tax, or Medicare contribution tax, or any state, local, or non-U.S.
tax consequences of the Merger. This discussion is a summary for
general information purposes only and does not consider all aspects
of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to all
taxpayers or to particular shareholders in the light of their
particular investment circumstances or if they are subject to
special tax rules, including (i) holders that are banks,
financial institutions, or insurance companies; regulated
investment companies, mutual funds, or real estate investment
trusts; brokers or dealers in securities or currencies or traders
in securities that elect to apply a mark-to-market accounting
method; or tax-exempt organizations, (ii) holders who own
Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs as part of a straddle, hedge,
constructive sale, conversion transaction, or other integrated
investment, (iii) holders who acquired Class A Ordinary
Shares or ADSs in connection with the exercise of employee share
options or otherwise as compensation for services, (iv)retirement
plans, individual retirement accounts, or other tax-deferred
accounts, (v) U.S. expatriates, (vi) holders who are
subject to alternative minimum tax, (vii) holders who actually
or constructively own 10% or more of the total combined voting
power of all classes of the Company's shares entitled to vote or
10% or more of the total combined value of the Company's shares or
(viii) partnerships or other entities classified as
partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
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As used herein,
a "U.S. Holder" is any beneficial owner of Class A
Ordinary Shares (including Class A Ordinary Shares which are
represented by ADSs) that is (i) an individual citizen or
resident of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
(ii) a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation
for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized under
the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District
of Columbia, (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to
U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or
(iv) a trust which (A) is subject to the primary
jurisdiction of a court within the United States and for which one
or more U.S. persons have authority to control all substantial
decisions, or (B) has a valid election in effect under
applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person
for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
If a
partnership (including any entity classified as a partnership for
U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of
Class A Ordinary Shares (including Class A Ordinary
Shares which are represented by ADSs), the U.S. federal income tax
treatment of a partner in the partnership generally will depend on
the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership.
Any partner of a partnership holding Class A Ordinary Shares
or ADSs is urged to consult its own tax advisor.
All
U.S. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs should consult
their own tax advisors regarding the specific tax consequences of
the Merger in the light of their particular situations, including
the applicability and effect of U.S. federal, state, local,
non-U.S. and other laws.
Consequences of the Merger to U.S. Holders
The receipt of
cash by a U.S. Holder of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs
pursuant to the Merger will be a taxable transaction for U.S.
federal income tax purposes. In general, a U.S. Holder of
Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs will recognize gain or loss
for U.S. federal income tax purposes equal to the difference
between the amount of cash that the such U.S. Holder receives in
the Merger and such U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in such U.S.
Holder's Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs. As discussed below
under "Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations," the
Company believes that it may have been a PFIC for U.S. federal
income tax purposes for the year ended November 30, 2019.
Subject to that discussion, such gain or loss generally will be
long-term capital gain or loss if, at the Effective Time, the U.S.
Holder has held such Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs for more
than one year. Long-term capital gains of certain non-corporate
holders, including individuals, are generally subject to U.S.
federal income tax at preferential rates. The deductibility of a
capital loss recognized pursuant to the Merger is subject to
limitations under the Code.
If a U.S.
Holder acquired different blocks of Class A Ordinary Shares or
ADSs at different times or different prices, such U.S. Holder must
determine its adjusted tax basis and holding period separately with
respect to each block of such Class A Ordinary Shares or
ADSs.
Any gain or
loss recognized by U.S. Holders will generally be treated as U.S.
source gain or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. However,
as described below under "Special Factors—Material PRC Income Tax
Consequences," any gain from the disposition of the ADSs or
Class A Ordinary Shares may be subject to PRC withholding tax.
In such event, a U.S. Holder that is eligible for the benefits of
the income tax treaty between the United States and the PRC (the
"U.S.-PRC Tax Treaty") may elect to treat the gain as PRC
source income for foreign tax credit purposes. If the Company is
not treated as a resident of the PRC for purposes of the U.S.-PRC
Tax Treaty, or a U.S. Holder fails to make the election to treat
any gain as PRC source, then the U.S. Holder may not be able to use
the foreign tax credit arising from any PRC tax imposed on the
exchange of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs for cash pursuant
to the Merger unless such credit can be applied (subject to
applicable limitations) against tax due on other income treated as
derived from foreign sources. U.S. Holders are urged to consult
their own tax advisors regarding the tax consequences if PRC tax is
imposed on gain on a disposition of the Class A Ordinary
Shares or ADSs, including their eligibility for the benefits
of
64
Table of
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the U.S.-PRC Tax
Treaty and the availability of the foreign tax credit under their
particular circumstances.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations
In general, the
Company will be a PFIC for any taxable year in which (i) at
least 75% of the Company's gross income is passive income or
(ii) at least 50% of the value of the Company's assets (based
on a quarterly value of the assets during the taxable year) is
attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production
of passive income (the "asset test"). For this purpose,
passive income generally includes dividends, interest, royalties
and rents. If the Company owns, directly or indirectly, at least
25% (by value) of the stock of another corporation, the Company
will be treated, for purposes of the PFIC tests, as owning the
Company's proportionate share of the other corporation's assets and
receiving the Company's proportionate share of the other
corporation's income. For purposes of the asset test, any cash and
assets readily convertible into cash will count as producing
passive income or held for the production of passive
income.
As indicated in
the Sogou 2019 Form 20-F, the Company believes that it may
have been a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for its 2019
taxable year ended November 30, 2019. However, because PFIC
status depends upon the composition of the Company's income and
assets and the market value of the Company's assets from time to
time, the Company cannot assure U.S. Holders as to the Company's
PFIC status for any given taxable year.
If the Company
is or was a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder
owned Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs, the Company would
generally continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to that
U.S. Holder for all succeeding years during which the U.S. Holder
owned the Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs, even if the Company
ceased to meet the threshold requirements for PFIC status. If the
Company is a PFIC for the current taxable year or has been a PFIC
during any prior year in which a U.S. Holder held Class A
Ordinary Shares or ADSs, and the U.S. Holder has not made a valid
mark-to-market election or qualified electing fund election, any
gain recognized by a U.S. Holder on the disposition of a
Class A Ordinary Share or ADS generally would be allocated
ratably over such U.S. Holder's holding period for the Class A
Ordinary Shares or ADSs. The amount allocated to the taxable year
of the disposition and to any year before the Company became a PFIC
would be treated as ordinary income in the current taxable year.
The amount allocated to each other taxable year would be subject to
tax at the highest rate in effect for that year, and an additional
tax equal to the interest charge generally applicable to
underpayments of tax would be imposed on the resulting tax
attributable to each such year.
If the Company
is or was a PFIC for any taxable year in which a U.S. Holder held
ADSs (but not Class A Ordinary Shares directly) and certain
conditions relating to the regular trading of the ADSs have been
met in the past, a U.S. Holder of ADSs (but not Class A
Ordinary Shares directly) may have been able to make a so called
"mark-to-market" election with respect to its ADSs. If a U.S.
Holder made this election in a timely fashion, then instead of the
tax treatment described in the preceding paragraph, any gain
recognized by the U.S. Holder in the Merger would generally be
treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss (limited to the extent
of the net amount of previously included income as a result of the
mark-to-market election, if any). Because a mark-to-market election
cannot be made for any of the Company's Subsidiaries that is or may
have been a PFIC, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to the
PFIC rules with respect to its indirect interest in any investments
held by the Company that are treated as an equity interest in a
PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
The Company has
not provided and does not intend to provide the information U.S.
Holders would need to make a qualified electing fund election for
the current taxable year, and therefore the qualified electing fund
election has not been and will not be available to U.S.
Holders.
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If the Company
is or was a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder
held Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs, a U.S. Holder generally
would be required to file IRS Form 8621 with respect to the
disposition of Shares, reporting gains realized with respect to the
cash received in the Merger. The PFIC rules are complex, and each
U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the
applicable consequences of the Merger to such U.S. Holder if the
Company is a PFIC or has been a PFIC during any prior year in which
such U.S. Holder held Class A Ordinary Shares or
ADSs.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Cash payments
made to a holder of the Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs
pursuant to the Merger may be subject to information reporting to
the IRS and possible U.S. backup withholding at the applicable
statutory rate (currently 24%). Backup withholding will not apply,
however, if the holder of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs is a
corporation, is a U.S. Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer
identification number and makes any other required certification,
or is otherwise exempt from backup withholding.
Backup
withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup
withholding may be credited against a holder's U.S. federal income
tax liability, and such holder may obtain a refund of any excess
amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the
appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any
required information in a timely manner. Each U.S. Holder should
consult its tax advisor regarding the application of the U.S.
information reporting and backup withholding rules.
All
U.S. Holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs should
consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific tax
consequences of the Merger in the light of their particular
situations, including the applicability of U.S. federal, state,
local, or non-U.S. income and other tax laws.
Material PRC Income Tax Consequences
Under the
Enterprise Income Tax Law (the "EIT Law") of the PRC, which
took effect on January 1, 2008 and was amended on
December 29, 2018, enterprises established outside of China
whose "de facto management bodies" are located in the PRC are
considered "resident enterprises," and thus will generally be
subject to the enterprise income tax at the rate of 25% on their
global income. The PRC State Council adopted the Regulations on the
Implementation of the Enterprise Income Tax Law (the
"Implementing Regulations") on December 6, 2007. As
amended on April 23, 2019, the Implementing Regulations define
a "de facto management body" as an establishment that has
substantial management and control over the business, personnel,
accounts and properties of an enterprise. The State Administration
of Taxation issued the Notice Regarding the Determination of
Chinese-Controlled Offshore Incorporated Enterprises as PRC Tax
Resident Enterprises on the Basis of De Facto Management Bodies
("Circular 82") on April 22, 2009. As amended on
December 29, 2017, Circular 82 provides certain specific
criteria for determining whether the "de facto management body" of
a Chinese-controlled offshore incorporated enterprise is located in
China. Under the EIT Law and its implementation regulations, PRC
income tax at the rate of 10% is applicable to any gain recognized
on receipt of consideration by a "non-resident enterprise" from
transfer of its equity in a PRC resident enterprise, provided that
the "non-resident enterprise" does not have a de facto management
body in the PRC and also (i) does not have an establishment or
place of business in the PRC or (ii) has an establishment or
place of business in the PRC, but the relevant income is not
effectively connected with the establishment or place of business,
to the extent such gain is derived from sources within the PRC.
Under the Individual Income Tax Law of the PRC (the "IIT
Law"), which initially took effect on September 10, 1980
and was most recently amended on August 31, 2018, effective
January 1, 2019, an individual who disposes of a capital asset
in China is subject to PRC individual income tax at the
rate
66
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of 20%. Reduction of
or relief from these taxes may be sought under applicable income
tax treaties with China.
The Company
does not believe it is within the definition of a resident
enterprise that is regulated under the EIT Law or that gain
recognized on the receipt of consideration for Class A
Ordinary Shares or ADSs should otherwise be subject to PRC income
tax to holders of such Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs that
are not PRC residents. However, as there has not been a definitive
determination of the Company's status by the PRC tax authorities,
the Company cannot confirm whether it would be considered a PRC
resident enterprise under the EIT Law or whether gain recognized on
the receipt of consideration for Class A Ordinary Shares or
ADSs by holders of Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs that are
not PRC tax residents would otherwise be subject to PRC
tax.
In addition,
under the Bulletin on Certain Issues Relating to Indirect Transfer
of Assets by Non-resident Enterprises ("Bulletin 7") issued
by the State Administration of Taxation, which became effective on
February 3, 2015, and the Bulletin on the Source of Deduction
of Income Tax for Non-resident Enterprises ("Bulletin 37")
issued by the State Administration of Taxation, which became
effective on December 1, 2017, if a non-resident enterprise
transfers PRC taxable assets indirectly by disposing of equity
interests in an overseas holding company directly or indirectly
holding such PRC taxable assets without any reasonable commercial
purpose, the non-resident enterprise may be subject to a 10% PRC
income tax on the gain from such equity transfer, unless
(a) the non-resident enterprise derives income from the
indirect transfer of PRC taxable assets by acquiring and selling
shares of an overseas listed company which holds such PRC taxable
assets on a public market or (b) where there is an indirect
transfer of PRC taxable assets, but if the non-resident enterprise
had directly held and disposed of such PRC taxable assets, the
income from the transfer would have been exempted from PRC
enterprise income tax under an applicable tax treaty or
arrangement. According to Bulletin 7, where a non-resident
enterprise indirectly holds and transfers equity of a PRC resident
enterprise held through an offshore holding company, a list of
factors set out by Bulletin 7 should be taken into consideration to
assess whether the transfer arrangement would be deemed as having a
reasonable commercial purpose. Where non-resident enterprises
indirectly transfer PRC resident enterprises' equity and avoid
obligations to pay enterprise income tax through arrangement
without a reasonable commercial purpose, PRC taxation authorities
have the power to redefine and deem the transaction as a direct
transfer of PRC resident enterprises' equity and impose a 10%
income tax on the gain from such offshore share transfer. Pursuant
to Bulletin 37, where the party responsible to withhold such income
tax did not or was unable to withhold, and non-resident enterprises
receiving such income failed to declare and pay the taxes that
should have been withheld to the relevant tax authority, both the
transferor and the transferee may be subject to penalties under PRC
tax laws. Bulletin 37 or Bulletin 7 may be determined by the PRC
tax authorities to be applicable to the Merger where non-PRC
resident corporate shareholders or ADS holders are involved, if the
Merger is determined by the PRC tax authorities to lack reasonable
commercial purpose. The Company does not believe that the Merger is
without reasonable commercial purpose for purposes of Bulletin 37
and Bulletin 7 and, as a result, the Company (as transferee and
withholding agent) will not withhold any PRC tax (under Bulletin 7
and Bulletin 37) from the Per Share Merger Consideration and
Per ADS Merger Consideration to be paid to holders of Class A
Ordinary Shares or ADSs. However, if PRC tax authorities were to
invoke Bulletin 37 or Bulletin 7 and impose tax on the receipt of
consideration for Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs, then any
gain recognized on the receipt of consideration for such
Class A Ordinary Shares or ADSs pursuant to the Merger by the
Company's non-PRC-resident shareholders or ADS holders could be
treated as PRC-source income and thus be subject to PRC income tax
at a rate of 10% (subject to applicable treaty relief).
Shareholders
should consult their own tax advisors for a full understanding of
the PRC tax consequences of the Merger to them.
67
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Cayman Islands Tax Consequences
The Cayman
Islands currently has no form of income, corporate, or capital
gains tax and no estate duty, inheritance tax, or gift tax. No
taxes, fees or charges will be payable (either by direct assessment
or withholding) to the government or other taxing authority in the
Cayman Islands under the laws of the Cayman Islands in respect of
the Merger or the receipt of cash for the Class A Ordinary
Shares or ADSs under the terms of the Merger. This is subject to
the qualification that (i) Cayman Islands stamp duty may be
payable if any original transaction documents are brought into or
executed in or produced before a court in the Cayman Islands (for
example, for enforcement); (ii) registration fees will be
payable to the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands to
register the Plan of Merger; and (iii) fees will be payable to
the Cayman Islands Government Gazette Office to publish the notice
of the Merger in the Cayman Islands Government Gazette.
MARKET PRICE OF THE ADSs;
DIVIDENDS
Market Price of the ADSs
The following
table sets forth the high and low sales prices for the ADSs on the
NYSE under the symbol "SOGO" for the periods indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trading Price
(US$) |
|
|
|
High |
|
Low |
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter
|
|
|
7.56 |
|
|
4.80 |
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
|
7.12 |
|
|
5.04 |
|
Second Quarter
|
|
|
6.16 |
|
|
3.85 |
|
Third Quarter
|
|
|
5.40 |
|
|
3.25 |
|
Fourth Quarter
|
|
|
5.80 |
|
|
4.53 |
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
|
5.58 |
|
|
3.00 |
|
Second Quarter
|
|
|
4.46 |
|
|
2.95 |
|
Third Quarter
|
|
|
8.90 |
|
|
4.01 |
|
Fourth Quarter (from October 1, 2020 to
November 27, 2020)
|
|
|
8.92 |
|
|
8.82 |
|
On
July 24, 2020, the last trading day prior to July 27,
2020, which is the date that the Company announced receipt of the
Proposal, the reported closing price of the ADSs on the NYSE was
$5.75. The Per Share Merger Consideration and Per ADS Merger
Consideration of $9.00 per Class A Ordinary Share or ADS
represents a premium of 56.5% over the closing price of $5.75 per
ADS on July 24, 2020 and a premium of approximately 83.0% to
the volume-weighted average price during the last 30 trading days
prior to the Sogou Board's receipt of the Proposal on July 27,
2020.
The Company has
not declared any cash dividends to date.
Under the terms
of the Merger Agreement, the Company is not permitted to pay any
dividends pending consummation of the Merger.
In the event
the Merger Agreement is terminated for any reason and the Merger is
not consummated, future cash dividends, if any, will be declared at
the sole discretion of the Sogou Board and will depend upon the
Company's future operations and earnings, capital requirements and
surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions, and
other factors the Sogou Board may deem relevant.
68
Table of
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SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The selected
consolidated financial information with respect to the Company set
forth below is derived from the audited consolidated financial
statements of the Company contained in the Sogou 2019
Form 20-F. More comprehensive financial information is
included in documents filed by the Company with the SEC, and the
following financial information is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the Sogou 2019 Form 20-F, and all of the
financial information (including any related notes) contained
therein or incorporated therein by reference.
The selected
financial information presented below as of and for the fiscal
years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019 has
been derived from the Company's audited consolidated financial
statements. The selected financial information should be read in
conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, related
notes and other financial information incorporated by reference
therein.
Selected Consolidated Financial
Data
(U.S. Dollars in thousands, except per share
data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, |
|
|
|
2018 |
|
2019 |
|
|
|
(audited)
|
|
BALANCE SHEET
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Assets
|
|
|
1,222,118 |
|
|
1,304,722 |
|
Non-Current Assets
|
|
|
240,726 |
|
|
217,680 |
|
Current Liabilities
|
|
|
456,339 |
|
|
453,213 |
|
Non-current Liabilities
|
|
|
— |
|
|
5,686 |
|
Total shareholders' Equity
|
|
|
1,006,505 |
|
|
1,063,503 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the year ended
December 31, |
|
|
|
2018 |
|
2019 |
|
|
|
(audited)
|
|
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
|
1,124,158 |
|
|
1,172,252 |
|
Gross Profit
|
|
|
430,688 |
|
|
433,798 |
|
Operating Income
|
|
|
44,683 |
|
|
64,435 |
|
Net Income
|
|
|
98,781 |
|
|
89,105 |
|
Net income attributable to the Company
|
|
|
98,781 |
|
|
89,105 |
|
Basic net income per ordinary share
|
|
|
0.25 |
|
|
0.23 |
|
Diluted net income per ordinary share
|
|
|
0.25 |
|
|
0.23 |
|
Net Book Value per Company Share
The net book
value per Share as of December 31, 2019 was $2.74 based on
388,731,140 Shares issued and outstanding as of that
date.
TRANSACTIONS IN THE SHARES AND
ADSs
Pursuant to the
Contribution Agreement, THL will contribute all of the 151,557,875
Class B Ordinary Shares held by it to Parent in exchange for
the issuance of one ordinary share of Parent to THL. The Shares
contributed by THL to Parent will remain as Class B Ordinary
Shares. See "Summary—The Contribution Agreement" beginning on
page 19 of this Transaction Statement.
69
Table of
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Pursuant to the
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions
thereof, Sohu Search will sell to Parent all of the 3,717,250
Class A Ordinary Shares and 127,200,000 Class B Ordinary
Shares held by Sohu Search for consideration of $9.00 per Share. In
connection with the completion of the Sohu Share Purchase, all of
such Class B Ordinary Shares will be converted into
Class A Ordinary Shares. See "Summary—The Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement" beginning on page 20 of this Transaction
Statement.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
AND MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY
The following
table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial
ownership of the Company's Class A Ordinary Shares and
Class B Ordinary Shares as of the date of this Transaction
Statement by
- •
- each of the directors
and executive officers of the Company;
- •
- the directors and
executive officers of the Company as a group; and
- •
- each Person known to
the Company to own more than 5.0% of the combined total of the
Company's issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and
Class B Ordinary Shares.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class A
Ordinary
Shares(1)(2) |
|
Class B
Ordinary
Shares(1) |
|
Percentage
of Class A
Ordinary
Shares and
Class B
Ordinary
Shares |
|
Percentage
of Total
Voting Power |
|
Directors and Executive Officers:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charles Zhang(3)
|
|
|
24,686,863 |
|
|
— |
|
|
6.4 |
% |
|
0.9 |
% |
Xiaochuan Wang(4)
|
|
|
21,216,400 |
|
|
— |
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
0.7 |
% |
Yu Yin
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Joanna Lu
|
|
|
* |
|
|
— |
|
|
* |
|
|
* |
|
Hongtao Yang
|
|
|
* |
|
|
— |
|
|
* |
|
|
* |
|
Tao Hong
|
|
|
* |
|
|
— |
|
|
* |
|
|
* |
|
Fion Zhou
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Bin Gao
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Janice Lee
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Jinmei He
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
All directors and executive officers as a
group
|
|
|
48,707,576 |
|
|
— |
|
|
12.6 |
% |
|
1.7 |
% |
Principal Shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sohu.com(5)
|
|
|
3,717,250 |
|
|
127,200,000 |
|
|
33.8 |
% |
|
44.0 |
% |
Tencent(6)
|
|
|
— |
|
|
151,557,875 |
|
|
39.2 |
% |
|
52.3 |
% |
Charles Zhang(3)
|
|
|
24,686,863 |
|
|
— |
|
|
6.4 |
% |
|
0.9 |
% |
- *
- Less than 1% of the
total outstanding voting securities.
- (1)
- Includes the number
of Shares and percentage ownership represented by Shares determined
to be beneficially owned by a person or entity in accordance with
rules of the SEC. The number of Shares beneficially owned by a
person or entity includes Company Options that vested as of, or
that will vest within 60 days of, the date of this Transaction
Statement. Shares issuable upon exercise of such Company Options
are deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage
of outstanding Shares owned by that person or entity. Such Shares
issuable upon such vesting are not deemed outstanding, however, for
the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other
person or entity. In addition, such Shares issuable upon such
vesting are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the
percentage ownership of all directors and executive officers as a
group.
- (2)
- Includes an aggregate
of 1,899,000 Restricted Shares held by certain of the Company's
executive officers that are subject to forfeiture if vesting
conditions are not met.
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Table of
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- (3)
- Consists of
24,686,863 Class A Ordinary Shares held of record by Photon
Group Limited. Dr. Zhang is one of the directors of Photon
Group Limited and may be deemed to beneficially own such 24,686,863
Class A Ordinary Shares. The business address of Photon Group
Limited is c/o Level 18, Sohu.com Media Plaza, No. 2
Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Dr. Zhang disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares except
to the extent of his pecuniary interest.
- (4)
- Includes
(i) 19,776,400 Class A Ordinary Shares, of which
2,016,400 Class A Ordinary Shares are represented by 2,016,400
ADSs, held by Winsor Glory Limited, a British Virgin Islands
company beneficially owned by Mr. Wang, and
(ii) 1,440,000 Restricted Shares held through a British Virgin
Islands trust of which Mr. Wang is the beneficiary, that are
subject to vesting upon the fourth anniversary of the completion of
the Company's initial public offering. The business address of
Winsor Glory Limited is Vistra Corporate Services Centre, Wickhams
Cay II, Road Town, Tortola, VG1110, British Virgin Islands.
- (5)
- Sohu.com is the
Company's controlling shareholder. Consists of shares held by
Sohu.com through Sohu Search. The 3,717,250 Class A Ordinary
Shares are held by Sohu Search for the purpose of issuance upon the
exercise of outstanding share-based awards and future share-based
awards. The 127,200,000 Class B Ordinary Shares are held by
Sohu Search for Sohu.com's own account. In addition to the share
ownership disclosed in the above table, Sohu.com may be deemed to
have beneficial ownership attributable to (i) shared voting
power with respect to 45,578,896 Class B Ordinary Shares held
by Tencent as a result of the Sohu-Tencent Voting Agreement, and
(ii) shared voting power with respect to 48,046,176
Class A Ordinary Shares beneficially owned by members of the
Company's management as a result of the voting agreement dated
September 16, 2013 among Sohu, Photon Group Limited, and
members of the Company's management. Through its ownership of
Class B Ordinary Shares and the voting agreement with Tencent,
Sohu.com has the right to appoint a majority of the Sogou Board.
The business address of Sohu Search is P.O. Box 31119,
Grand Pavilion, Hibiscus Way, 802 West Bay Road, Grand Cayman,
KY1-1205, Cayman Islands.
- (6)
- Consists of shares
held by Tencent through THL. The business address of THL is Vistra
Corporate Services Centre, Wickhams Cay II, Road Town, Tortola,
VG1110, British Virgin Islands. In addition to the share ownership
disclosed in the above table, as a result of the Sohu-Tencent
Voting Agreement, Tencent may be deemed to have beneficial
ownership attributable to shared voting power with respect to the
3,717,250 Class A Ordinary Shares and 127,200,000 Class B
Ordinary Shares held by Sohu.com.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This
Transaction Statement and the documents incorporated by reference
in this Transaction Statement include certain forward-looking
statements. These statements appear throughout this Transaction
Statement and include statements regarding the intent, belief, or
current expectations of the Filing Persons. Such forward-looking
statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve
risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from
those described in such forward-looking statements, as a result of
the various factors, including those identified in (i) the
Sogou 2019 Form 20-F, (ii) the Company's earnings
releases and unaudited financial results for the first, second and
third quarters of 2020 included as exhibits to Forms 6-K
furnished by the Company to the SEC on
May 18, 2020,
August 10, 2020, and November 16, 2020, respectively,
and (iii) as otherwise described in the Company's filings with
the SEC from time to time.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE
INFORMATION
The Company is
subject to the periodic reporting and other informational
requirements of the Exchange Act applicable to foreign private
issuers and is required to file with or furnish to the SEC an
Annual Report on Form 20-F, current reports on Form 6-K,
and other information. Copies of such reports and other
information, when so filed with or furnished to the SEC, may be
inspected without charge and copies may be obtained at prescribed
rates at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at
100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549.
The public may obtain information regarding the Washington, D.C.
Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The
information the Company files with or furnishes to the SEC is also
available free of charge on the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov through the
SEC's EDGAR system.
You also may
obtain free copies of the documents the Company files with or
furnishes to the SEC by going to the "Investor Relations" section
of the Company's website at http://ir.sogou.com/. The
Company's website address is provided as an inactive textual
reference only. The information provided on the Company's website
is not part of this Transaction Statement and is not incorporated
by reference herein unless expressly so incorporated.
71
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The opinion of
Duff & Phelps, the Special Committee's Financial Advisor,
is attached as Exhibit (c)(1) to this Transaction Statement.
In addition, Duff & Phelps's opinion will be made
available for inspection and copying at the Company's executive
offices at Level 15, Sohu.com Internet Plaza, No. 1 Unit
Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, People's
Republic of China during the Company's regular business hours by
any interested Unaffiliated Security Holder or a representative of
any interested Unaffiliated Security Holder who has been so
designated in writing.
SCHEDULE 13E-3 ITEMS
ITEM 1. SUMMARY TERM
SHEET
See:
"Summary"
beginning on page 1 of this Transaction Statement;
and
"Questions and
Answers About the Merger" beginning on page 26 of this
Transaction Statement.
ITEM 2. SUBJECT COMPANY
INFORMATION
(a) Name
and Address
Sogou Inc.
is the subject company. See "Summary—The Parties Involved in the
Merger" beginning on page 2 of this Transaction
Statement.
(b) Securities
The titles of
the classes of equity securities of the Company subject to the
transactions covered by this Transaction Statement are
(i) Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.001 per share
("Class A Ordinary Shares"), (ii) American
depositary shares ("ADSs") representing Class A
Ordinary Shares, and (iii) Class B ordinary shares, par
value $0.001 per share ("Class B Ordinary Shares"). As
of the date of this Transaction Statement, there were a total of
(i) 108,833,041 issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary
Shares (including Class A Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs,
but excluding Class A Ordinary Shares held directly for the
account of the Company); (ii) 84,379,415 issued and
outstanding ADSs; and (iii) 278,757,875 issued and outstanding
Class B Ordinary Shares.
(c) Trading
Market and Price
See "Market
Price of the ADSs; Dividends" beginning on page 68 of this
Transaction Statement.
(d) Dividends
See "Market
Price of the ADSs; Dividends" beginning on page 68 of this
Transaction Statement.
(e) Prior
Public Offerings
The Company's
registration statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-220928)
for the Company's initial public offering was declared effective by
the SEC on November 8, 2017, and trading in the ADSs on the
NYSE commenced on November 9, 2017. The Company offered and
sold in the offering a total of 50,643,856 ADSs, including
5,643,856 ADSs issued pursuant to the underwriters' over-allotment
option, at a public offering price of $13.00 per ADS. The Company
received net proceeds of approximately US$622.1 million from
the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and
commissions of approximately $32.9 million and other expenses
of approximately $3.3 million.
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(f) Prior
Stock Purchases
On
August 3, 2019, the Sogou Board authorized a repurchase
program of up to $50 million of the Company's outstanding ADSs
over a twelve-month period from August 3, 2019 to
August 2, 2020, and authorized the management of the Company
to purchase ADSs under the ADS repurchase program from time to time
at their discretion at prevailing market prices in accordance with
Rule 10b-18 and Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act and to
determine the timing and amount of any purchases of ADSs based on
their evaluation of market conditions, the trading price of ADSs
and other factors. The Company has completed the ADS repurchase
program. The following table shows purchases of ADSs by the Company
pursuant to the ADS repurchase program, and the Company did not
make any other purchase of any subject securities during the past
two years:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Period
|
|
Total Number of
Shares Purchased |
|
Range of Prices
Paid per Share |
|
Average Price Paid
per Share* |
|
Second Quarter 2019
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Third Quarter 2019
|
|
|
3,798,953 |
|
|
4.0320-5.3138 |
|
|
4.5569 |
|
Fourth Quarter 2019
|
|
|
4,891,665 |
|
|
4.5822-5.4814 |
|
|
4.9971 |
|
First Quarter 2020
|
|
|
1,894,016 |
|
|
4.1646-4.6000 |
|
|
4.3528 |
|
- *
- Cost and average
price data exclude trading commissions. There may be some variation
in figures due to rounding.
Mr. Xiufeng
Deng, Sohu Search's sole director, purchased a total of 50,000 ADSs
at prices ranging from $4.12 to $4.45 per ADS, and an average price
of $4.26 per ADS, during the three months ended June 30,
2019.
Except as
disclosed above, there were no purchases of Shares or ADSs by any
Filing Person during the past two years.
Item 3. IDENTITY AND
BACKGROUND OF FILING PERSON
See:
"Summary—The
Parties Involved in the Merger" beginning on page 2 of this
Transaction Statement; and
"Schedule I—Directors
and Executive Officers of Each Filing Person" beginning on
page 87 of this Transaction Statement.
- (b)
- Business and
Background of Entities
See:
"Summary—The
Parties Involved in the Merger" beginning on page 2 of this
Transaction Statement; and
"Schedule I—Directors
and Executive Officers of Each Filing Person" beginning on
page 87 of this Transaction Statement.
- (c)
- Business and
Background of Natural Persons
See
"Schedule I—Directors and Executive Officers of Each Filing
Person."
73
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Contents
ITEM 4. TERMS OF THE
TRANSACTION
Not
applicable.
See
:
"Summary—The
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger" beginning on page 4
of this Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Contribution Agreement" beginning on page 19 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement" beginning on page 20 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger" beginning on
page 53 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—No Shareholder Vote Required to Authorize the Plan of
Merger and the Merger" beginning on page 63 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Accounting Treatment of the Merger" beginning on
page 62 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences" beginning on
page 63 of this Transaction Statement;
"Questions and
Answers About the Merger" beginning on page 26 of this
Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1)
to this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of
Merger");
Exhibit (d)(2)
to this Transaction Statement ("Contribution
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(3)
to this Transaction Statement ("Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(4)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement
and Plan of Merger"); and
Exhibit (d)(5)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Share
Purchase Agreement").
See:
"Summary—The
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger" beginning on page 4
of this Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Contribution Agreement" beginning on page 19 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement" beginning on page 20 of this
Transaction Statement;
74
Table of
Contents
"Summary—Interests
of the Company's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger"
beginning on page 23 of this Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1)
to this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of
Merger");
Exhibit (d)(2)
to this Transaction Statement ("Contribution
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(3)
to this Transaction Statement ("Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(4)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement
and Plan of Merger"); and
Exhibit (d)(5)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Share
Purchase Agreement").
Registered
holders of Class A Ordinary Shares (including holders of
Class A Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs) will not be able
to follow the statutory procedure to exercise dissenters' or
appraisal rights. See "Special Factors—No Ability to Follow the
Statutory Procedure to Exercise Dissenters' or Appraisal
Rights."
- (e)
- Provisions for
Unaffiliated Security Holders
None of the
Filing Persons intends to grant the Unaffiliated Security Holders
special access to the corporate files of such Filing Person in
connection with the Merger. None of the Filing Persons intends to
obtain counsel or appraisal services at the expense of the Filing
Persons for the Unaffiliated Security Holders.
- (f)
- Eligibility for
Listing or Trading
Not
applicable.
ITEM 5. PAST CONTACTS,
TRANSACTIONS, NEGOTIATIONS AND AGREEMENTS
(a) Transactions
In January
2018, Beijing Sohu New Media Information
Technology Co., Ltd. ("Sohu Media"), a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Sohu.com, entered into an amended and restated loan
agreement with Mr. Tao Hong, the Company's Chief Marketing
Officer, pursuant to which Mr. Hong was obligated to pay to
Sohu Media a principal amount of approximately RMB2.17 million
(or $0.31 million), without interest. Mr. Hong repaid the
principal amount in full in November 2018.
In January
2018, Sohu Media entered into an amended and restated loan
agreement with Mr. Hongtao Yang, the Company's Chief
Technology Officer, pursuant to which Mr. Yang was obligated
to pay to Sohu Media a principal amount of approximately
RMB2.17 million (or $0.31 million), without interest.
Mr. Yang repaid the principal amount in full in November
2018.
Also
see:
"Special
Factors—Related Party Transactions" beginning on page 61 of
this Transaction Statement; and
"Transactions
in the Shares and ADSs" beginning on page 69 of this
Transaction Statement.
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(b) Significant
Corporate Events
See:
"Summary—The
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger" beginning on page 4
of this Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Contribution Agreement" beginning on page 19 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement" beginning on page 20 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger" beginning on
page 53 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Related Party Transactions" beginning on page 61 of
this Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1)
to this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of
Merger");
Exhibit (d)(2)
to this Transaction Statement ("Contribution
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(3)
to this Transaction Statement ("Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(4)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement
and Plan of Merger"); and
Exhibit (d)(5)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Share
Purchase Agreement").
(c) Negotiations
or Contacts
See:
"Summary—The
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger" beginning on page 4
of this Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Contribution Agreement" beginning on page 19 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement" beginning on page 20 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Plans for the Company after the Merger" beginning on
page 57 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1)
to this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of
Merger");
Exhibit (d)(2)
to this Transaction Statement ("Contribution
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(3)
to this Transaction Statement ("Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement");
76
Table of
Contents
Exhibit (d)(4)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement
and Plan of Merger"); and
Exhibit (d)(5)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Share
Purchase Agreement").
- (e)
- Agreements
Involving the Subject Company's Securities
See:
"Summary—The
Merger Agreement and Plan of Merger" beginning on page 4 of
this Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Contribution Agreement" beginning on page 19 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—The
Sohu Share Purchase Agreement" beginning on page 20 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—Financing
of the Merger" beginning on page 22 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Plans for the Company after the Merger" beginning on
page 57 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Related Party Transactions" beginning on page 61 of
this Transaction Statement;
"Transactions
in the Shares and ADSs" beginning on page 69 of this
Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1)
to this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of
Merger");
Exhibit (d)(2)
to this Transaction Statement ("Contribution
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(3)
to this Transaction Statement ("Sohu Share Purchase
Agreement");
Exhibit (d)(4)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement
and Plan of Merger"); and
Exhibit (d)(5)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Share
Purchase Agreement").
ITEM 6. PURPOSES OF THE
TRANSACTION AND PLANS OR PROPOSALS
- (b)
- Use of Securities
Acquired
See:
"Summary"
beginning on page 1 of this Transaction Statement;
"Questions and
Answers about the Merger" beginning on page 26 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger" beginning on
page 53 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Effects of the Merger on the Company" beginning on
page 54 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Plans for the Company after the Merger" beginning on
page 57 of this Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1)
to this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of Merger");
and
77
Table of
Contents
Exhibit (d)(4)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement
and Plan of Merger").
See:
"Summary—The
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger" beginning on page 4
of this Transaction Statement;
"Summary—Purposes
and Effects of the Merger" beginning on page 21 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—Financing
of the Merger" beginning on page 22 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger" beginning on
page 53 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Effects of the Merger on the Company" beginning on
page 54 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Plans for the Company after the Merger" beginning on
page 57 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1)
to this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of Merger");
and
Exhibit (d)(4)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement
and Plan of Merger").
ITEM 7. PURPOSES,
ALTERNATIVES, REASONS AND EFFECTS OF THE
TRANSACTION
See:
"Summary—Purposes
and Effects of the Merger" beginning on page 21 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Plans for the Company after the Merger" beginning on
page 57 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement; and
"Special
Factors—Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger" beginning on
page 53 of this Transaction Statement.
See:
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
78
Table of
Contents
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Position of the Tencent Group as to the Fairness of the
Merger" beginning on page 39 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger" beginning on
page 53 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Alternatives to the Merger" beginning on page 58 of
this Transaction Statement; and
"Questions and
Answers About the Merger—What will be the result if the Merger is
not completed?" beginning on page 28 of this Transaction
Statement.
See:
"Summary—Purposes
and Effects of the Merger" beginning on page 21 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Position of the Tencent Group as to the Fairness of the
Merger" beginning on page 39 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Tencent Group's Reasons for the Merger" beginning on
page 53 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Effects of the Merger on the Company" beginning on
page 54 of this Transaction Statement; and
"Special
Factors—Alternatives to the Merger" beginning on page 58 of
this Transaction Statement.
See:
"Summary—The
Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger" beginning on page 4
of this Transaction Statement;
"Summary—Purposes
and Effects of the Merger" beginning on page 21 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Questions and
Answers About the Merger—What will be the result if the Merger is
not completed?" beginning on page 28 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Effects of the Merger on the Company" beginning on
page 54 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Primary Benefits and Detriments of the Merger" beginning on
page 55 of this Transaction Statement;
79
Table of
Contents
"Special
Factors—Plans for the Company after the Merger" beginning on
page 57 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Effect of the Merger on the Company's Net Book Value and
Net Income" beginning on page 57 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences" beginning on
page 63 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Material PRC Income Tax Consequences" beginning on page 66
of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Cayman Islands Tax Consequences" beginning on page 68 of
this Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1)
to this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of Merger");
and
Exhibit (d)(4)
to this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and
Plan of Merger").
ITEM 8. FAIRNESS OF THE
TRANSACTION
(a)
(b) Fairness; Factors Considered in
Determining Fairness
See:
"Summary—Recommendation of the Special Committee to the Sogou
Board" beginning on page 22 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Summary—Position of
the Tencent Group as to Fairness" beginning on page 22 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—Interests of
the Company's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger"
beginning on page 23 of this Transaction Statement;
"Summary—Opinion of
the Special Committee's Financial Advisor" beginning on
page 23 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Position of the Tencent Group as to the Fairness of the
Merger" beginning on page 39 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Opinion of the Special Committee's Financial Advisor"
beginning on page 44 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Alternatives to the Merger" beginning on page 58 of
this Transaction Statement; and
Exhibit (c)(1) to
this Transaction Statement ("Opinion of Duff & Phelps as
Financial Advisor").
80
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- (c)
- Approval of
Security Holders
See:
"Special Factors—No
Shareholder Vote Required to Authorize the Plan of Merger and the
Merger" beginning on page 63 of this Transaction
Statement.
- (d)
- Unaffiliated
Representative
See:
"Summary—Recommendation of the Special Committee to the Sogou
Board" beginning on page 22 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Summary—Opinion of
the Special Committee's Financial Advisor" beginning on
page 23 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement; and
"Special
Factors—Opinion of the Special Committee's Financial Advisor"
beginning on page 44 of this Transaction Statement.
- (e)
- Approval of
Directors
See:
"Summary—Recommendation of the Special Committee to the Sogou
Board" beginning on page 22 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement; and
"Special
Factors—Reasons for the Merger and Position of the Special
Committee and the Sogou Board" beginning on page 34 of this
Transaction Statement.
- (f)
- Other
Offers
Not
applicable.
ITEM 9. REPORTS, OPINIONS,
APPRAISALS AND NEGOTIATIONS
- (a)
- Report, Opinion or
Appraisal
See:
"Summary—Opinion of
the Special Committee's Financial Advisor" beginning on
page 23 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Opinion of the Special Committee's Financial Advisor"
beginning on page 44 of this Transaction Statement;
and
Exhibit (c)(1) to
this Transaction Statement ("Opinion of Duff & Phelps as
Financial Advisor").
81
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Contents
- (b)
- Preparer and
Summary of the Report, Opinion or Appraisal
See:
"Summary—Opinion of
the Special Committee's Financial Advisor" beginning on
page 23 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Background of the Merger" beginning on page 28 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Opinion of the Special Committee's Financial Advisor"
beginning on page 44 of this Transaction Statement;
and
Exhibit (c)(1) to
this Transaction Statement ("Opinion of Duff & Phelps as
Financial Advisor").
- (c)
- Availability of
Documents
See:
"Where You Can Find
More Information" beginning on page 71 of this Transaction
Statement; and
Exhibit (c)(1) to
this Transaction Statement ("Opinion of Duff & Phelps as
Financial Advisor").
ITEM 10. SOURCE AND
AMOUNTS OF FUNDS OR OTHER CONSIDERATION
See:
"Summary—The Merger
Agreement and the Plan of Merger" beginning on page 4 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Summary—Financing of
the Merger" beginning on page 22 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Special
Factors—Financing of the Aggregate Merger Consideration and Related
Expenses" beginning on page 58 of this Transaction
Statement;
Exhibit (d)(1) to
this Transaction Statement ("Agreement and Plan of Merger");
and
Exhibit (d)(4) to
this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and
Plan of Merger").
- (b)
- Conditions
See:
"Summary—Financing of
the Merger" beginning on page 22 of this Transaction
Statement; and
"Special
Factors—Financing of the Aggregate Merger Consideration and Related
Expenses" beginning on page 58 of this Transaction
Statement.
- (c)
- Expenses
See "Special
Factors—Fees and Expenses" beginning on page 62 of this
Transaction Statement.
- (d)
- Borrowed
Funds
Not
applicable.
82
Table of
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ITEM 11. INTEREST IN
SECURITIES OF THE SUBJECT COMPANY
See:
"Summary—Share
Ownership of the Company's Directors and Executive Officers"
beginning on page 23 of this Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement; and
"Security Ownership of
Certain Beneficial Owners and Management of the Company" beginning
on page 70 of this Transaction Statement.
- (b)
- Securities
Transactions
See "Transactions in
the Shares and ADSs" beginning on page 69 of this Transaction
Statement.
ITEM 12. THE SOLICITATION
OR RECOMMENDATION
- (d)
- Intent to Tender
or Vote in a Going-Private Transaction
See:
"Summary—The Sohu
Share Purchase Agreement" beginning on page 20 of this
Transaction Statement;
Exhibit (d)(3) to
this Transaction Statement ("Sohu Share Purchase Agreement");
and
Exhibit (d)(5) to
this Transaction Statement ("Amendment No. 1 to Share Purchase
Agreement").
- (e)
- Recommendations of
Others
Not
applicable.
ITEM 13. FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
(a) Financial
Information
The audited
consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended
December 31, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2019
are incorporated herein by reference to the Sogou
2019 Form 20-F (see page F-1 and following pages).
The unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company for
the first and second quarters of 2020 are incorporated herein by
reference to the earnings releases and unaudited financial results
included as exhibits to Forms 6-K furnished by the Company to
the SEC on
May 18, 2020, and
August 10, 2020, respectively.
See:
"Summary Financial
Information" beginning on page 69 of this Transaction
Statement;
"Where You Can Find
More Information" beginning on page 71 of this Transaction
Statement; and
Exhibit (a)(4)
("Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended
December 31, 2019 of the Company") to this Transaction
Statement.
83
Table of
Contents
(b) Pro
Forma Information
Not
applicable.
ITEM 14. PERSONS/ASSETS
RETAINED, EMPLOYED, COMPENSATED OR USED
- (a)
- Solicitations or
Recommendations
Not
applicable.
- (b)
- Employees and
Corporate Assets
See:
"Summary—The Parties
Involved in the Merger" beginning on page 2 of this
Transaction Statement;
"Special
Factors—Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on
page 59 of this Transaction Statement; and
"Schedule I—Directors and Executive Officers of Each
Filing Person."
ITEM 15. ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
(c) Other
Material Information
Not
applicable.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS
The following
exhibits are filed herewith:
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
(a)(1) |
* |
Press Release issued by the Company, dated
July 27, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to a Current Report on Form 6-K furnished by
the Company to the SEC on July 28, 2020). |
|
|
|
|
|
(a)(2) |
* |
Press Release issued by Sohu.com, dated
July 27, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to a Current Report on Form 6-K furnished by
Sohu.com to the SEC on July 27, 2020). |
|
|
|
|
|
(a)(3) |
* |
Press Release issued by the Company, dated
July 31, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to a Current Report on Form 6-K furnished by
the Company to the SEC on July 31, 2020). |
|
|
|
|
|
(a)(4) |
* |
Press Release issued by the Company, dated
August 11, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to a Current Report on Form 6-K furnished by
the Company to the SEC on August 11, 2020). |
|
|
|
|
|
(a)(5) |
* |
Press Release issued by the Company, dated
September 29, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to a Current Report on Form 6-K furnished by
the Company to the SEC on September 29, 2020). |
|
|
|
|
|
(a)(6) |
* |
Press Release issued by Sohu.com, dated
September 29, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to a Current Report on Form 6-K furnished by
Sohu.com to the SEC on September 29, 2020). |
|
|
|
|
|
(a)(7) |
* |
Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended
December 31, 2019 of the Company, filed with the SEC on
April 21, 2020. |
|
|
|
|
|
(b |
) |
Not
applicable. |
|
|
|
|
84
Table of
Contents
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
(c)(1) |
* |
Opinion of Duff & Phelps, dated as of
September 29, 2020. |
|
|
|
|
|
(c)(2) |
* |
Discussion Materials prepared by Duff &
Phelps for discussion with the Special Committee of the Sogou
Board, dated as of September 29, 2020. |
|
|
|
|
|
(d)(1) |
* |
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of
September 29, 2020, by and among the Company, THL, Parent, and
TML (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to a
Current Report on Form 6-K furnished by the Company to the SEC
on September 29, 2020). |
|
|
|
|
|
(d)(2) |
* |
Contribution Agreement, dated as of
September 29, 2020, by and between THL A21 Limited and
TitanSupernova Limited. |
|
|
|
|
|
(d)(3) |
* |
Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of
September 29, 2020, by and among TitanSupernova Limited,
Sohu.com (Search) Limited and Sohu.com Limited (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to a Current Report on
Form 6-K furnished by Sohu.com to the SEC on
September 29, 2020). |
|
|
|
|
|
(d)(4) |
† |
Amendment No. 1 to
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 1, 2020, by
and among the Company, THL, Parent, and TML. |
|
|
|
|
|
(d)(5) |
† |
Amendment No. 1 to
Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2020, by and
among Parent, Sohu Search, and Sohu.com. |
|
|
|
|
|
(f)(1) |
|
Dissenter Rights. See
"Special Factors—No Ability to Follow the Statutory Procedure to
Exercise Dissenters' or Appraisal Rights." |
|
|
|
|
|
(f)(2) |
* |
Companies Law Cap. 22 (Law 3 of 1961, as
consolidated and revised) of the Cayman
Islands—section 238. |
|
|
|
|
|
(g |
) |
Not
applicable. |
- *
- Previously filed.
- †
- Filed
herewith.
85
Table of
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SIGNATURE
After due
inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I certify that
the information set forth in this Transaction Statement is true,
complete and correct.
Dated:
December 1, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SOGOU INC. |
|
|
By: |
|
/s/ BIN GAO
|
|
|
|
|
Name: |
|
Bin
Gao |
|
|
|
|
Title: |
|
Chairman of the Special Committee |
|
|
TENCENT HOLDINGS LIMITED |
|
|
By: |
|
/s/ HUATENG MA
|
|
|
|
|
Name: |
|
Huateng Ma |
|
|
|
|
Title: |
|
Director |
|
|
THL A21 LIMITED |
|
|
By: |
|
/s/ HUATENG MA
|
|
|
|
|
Name: |
|
Huateng Ma |
|
|
|
|
Title: |
|
Director |
|
|
TITANSUPERNOVA LIMITED |
|
|
By: |
|
/s/ HONGDA XIAO
|
|
|
|
|
Name: |
|
Hongda Xiao |
|
|
|
|
Title: |
|
Director |
|
|
TENCENT MOBILITY LIMITED |
|
|
By: |
|
/s/ HUATENG MA
|
|
|
|
|
Name: |
|
Huateng Ma |
|
|
|
|
Title: |
|
Director |
|
|
SOHU.COM LIMITED |
|
|
By: |
|
/s/ CHARLES ZHANG
|
|
|
|
|
Name: |
|
Charles Zhang |
|
|
|
|
Title: |
|
Chief
Executive Officer |
|
|
SOHU.COM (SEARCH) LIMITED |
|
|
By: |
|
/s/ XIUFENG DENG
|
|
|
|
|
Name: |
|
Xiufeng Deng |
|
|
|
|
Title: |
|
Director |
86
Table of
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SCHEDULE I
Directors and Executive Officers of Each
Filing Person
Sogou Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or
Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Charles (Chaoyang) Zhang(1)
|
|
Level 18,
Sohu.com Media Plaza, Block 3, No. 2 Kexueyuan South
Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of
China |
|
Chairman of the Sogou
Board; and Chairman of Board and Chief Executive Officer of
Sohu.com |
|
China |
Xiaochuan Wang(2)
|
|
Level 15, Sohu.com Internet Plaza No. 1
Unit Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District Beijing 100084,
People's Republic of China
|
|
Director and Chief Executive Officer of
Sogou
|
|
China
|
Yu Yin(3)
|
|
99 Shen Nan Boulevard, Shenzhen Guangdong, People's
Republic of China
|
|
Director of Sogou
|
|
China
|
Joanna Lu (Yanfeng
Lv)(4)
|
|
Level 18, Sohu.com Media Plaza, Block 3,
No. 2 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190,
People's Republic of China
|
|
Director of Sogou
|
|
China
|
Hongtao Yang(5)
|
|
Level 15, Sohu.com Internet Plaza No. 1
Unit Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District Beijing 100084,
People's Republic of China
|
|
Chief Technology Officer of Sogou
|
|
China
|
Tao Hong(6)
|
|
Level 15, Sohu.com Internet Plaza No. 1
Unit Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District Beijing 100084,
People's Republic of China
|
|
Chief Marketing Officer of Sogou
|
|
China
|
Fion Zhou(7)
|
|
Level 15, Sohu.com Internet Plaza No. 1
Unit Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District Beijing 100084,
People's Republic of China
|
|
Chief Financial Officer of Sogou
|
|
China
|
87
Table of
Contents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or
Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Bin Gao(8)
|
|
Room 3519, 35/F, Two Pacific Place, 88
Queensway, Hong Kong
|
|
Independent Director of Sogou
|
|
China
|
Janice Lee(9)
|
|
8/F, Goldin Financial Global Centre, 17 Kai Cheung
Road, Kowloon Bay
|
|
Independent Director of Sogou
|
|
Australia
|
Jinmei He(10)
|
|
23890 Copper Hill Dr. Suite 189, Valencia,
CA 91354
|
|
Independent Director of Sogou
|
|
China
|
- (1)
- Dr. Charles
Zhang is the Chairman of the Sogou Board. Dr. Zhang is the
founder of Sohu.com and has been Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer of Sohu.com since August 1996. Dr. Zhang
also served as the President of Sohu.com from August 1996 to July
2004. Dr. Zhang has a Ph.D. in experimental physics from MIT
and a Bachelor of Science degree from Tsinghua University in
Beijing. Dr. Charles Zhang is a native of the People's
Republic of China.
- (2)
- Xiaochuan Wang has
served as Sogou's Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Sogou
Board since 2010. Prior to joining Sogou, Mr. Wang worked at
Sohu.com, serving as the senior vice president of Sohu.com from
2008 to 2009 and the chief technology officer of Sohu.com from 2009
to 2013. Mr. Wang received a Bachelor's degree and a Master's
degree in computer science and an Executive MBA from Tsinghua
University.
- (3)
- Yu Yin joined Tencent
in 2006 and currently serves as a Corporate Vice President in
charge of all of Tencent's information feed products and young
people's entertainment communities. Mr. Yin was in charge of
QQ from 2006 to 2018. Before joining Tencent, Mr. Yin worked
for Microsoft for eight years. Mr. Yin received a bachelor's
degree in computer science from Grinnell College in the United
States.
- (4)
- Joanna Lu (Yanfeng
Lv) has served as a member of the Sogou Board since 2016, and has
been the Chief Financial Officer of Sohu.com since January 27,
2018. Ms. Lu joined Sohu.com in August 2000. From
July 31, 2016 to January 26, 2018, Ms. Lu was the
Acting Chief Financial Officer of Sohu.com. Prior to July 31,
2016, Ms. Lu was the Senior Finance Director of Sohu.com, in
charge of day-to-day finance operations, including financial
reporting, budget planning and treasury. Ms. Lu received a
Bachelor's degree in economics from the Capital University of
Economics and Business in Beijing and an Executive MBA from
Tsinghua University.
- (5)
- Hongtao Yang has
served as Sogou's Chief Technology Officer since 2016. Prior to
this, Mr. Yang worked as the general manager of Sogou's
desktop department, with a focus on research and development of
software products. Mr. Yang joined Sogou in 2003.
Mr. Yang received a Bachelor's degree and a Master's degree in
computer science from Tsinghua University.
- (6)
- Tao Hong has served
as Sogou's Chief Marketing Officer since 2016. Prior to this,
Mr. Hong worked as the general manager of Sogou's marketing
department. Mr. Hong joined Sogou in 2005. Mr. Hong
received a Bachelor's degree in electronic engineering from
Tsinghua University.
- (7)
- Fion Zhou has served
as Sogou's Chief Financial Officer since July 7, 2020. Prior
to this, Ms. Zhou served as CFO of Yidian Zixun, China's
leading mobile news aggregator, where she led financial operations,
strategic investment, capital raising and internal controls.
Previously, Ms. Zhou was a finance director of Alibaba Group
(NYSE: BABA) and also held senior finance roles at Viadeo S.A.
and Concord Medical (NYSE: CCM). Ms. Zhou started her career
as an auditor at PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian. She received a
Bachelor's degree in Financial Management from the University of
International Business and Economics and an Executive MBA from HEC
Paris. Ms. Zhou is a regular member of the American Institute
of Certified Public Accountants and a Chartered Global Management
Accountant.
- (8)
- Dr. Bin Gao
founded Invealth Capital in 2016 and currently serves as its Chief
Investment Officer. Dr. Gao served as the head of strategy for
Guard Capital from 2014 to 2015 and as the head of strategy for
Bank of America Merrill Lynch's Asia Pacific Rates from 2005 to
2014. Dr. Gao earned a Ph.D. in finance from New York
University, a Master's degree in astrophysics from Princeton
University, and a Bachelor's degree in space physics from the
University of Science and Technology of China.
- (9)
- Janice Lee is the
Managing Director of PCCW Media Group, a position Ms. Lee has
held since 2010. Ms. Lee is in charge of PCCW's media and
entertainment businesses, including its video streaming services in
17 markets and its pay-TV business in Hong Kong. Prior to serving
as the Managing Director, Ms. Lee was PCCW's Executive Vice
President of TV & New Media. Ms. Lee also serves as a
board member of STX Entertainment, a Hollywood
entertainment & film company in the United States.
Ms. Lee received a Bachelor's degree in economics with majors
in economics, commercial law, and accounting from the University of
Sydney.
88
Table of
Contents
- (10)
- Jinmei He has served
as a member of Sogou Board since October 19, 2018 and as a
member of Sogou's audit committee since November 3, 2018.
Ms. He has been a self-employed investor in the public equity
markets and in real estate in the United States since 2005. From
2002 to 2005, Ms. He served as a Vice President of Sohu.com,
where she helped to establish and develop Sohu.com's online game
business, and from 1997 to 2001 Ms. He held various marketing
and sales positions at Sohu.com. Ms. He received a Bachelor of
Science in Civil Engineering from Southwest Jiaotong University in
China, and attended the Certificate Program in Marketing at the
Extension school of the University of California,
Berkeley.
During the last
five years, neither the Company nor, to the knowledge of the
Company, any of the persons listed above has been
(a) convicted in a criminal proceeding (excluding traffic
violations or similar misdemeanors) or (b) a party to any
judicial or administrative proceeding (except for matters that were
dismissed without sanction or settlement) that resulted in a
judgment, decree or final order enjoining the person from future
violations of, or prohibiting activities subject to, federal or
state securities laws, or a finding of any violation of federal or
state securities laws.
89
Table of
Contents
Tencent Holdings
Limited
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Ma Huateng(1)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings
Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong |
|
Executive director,
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Tencent
Holdings Limited |
|
People's Republic of
China |
Lau Chi Ping Martin(2)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Executive director and President of Tencent Holdings
Limited
|
|
Hong Kong
|
Jacobus Petrus (Koos)
Bekker(3)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Non-executive director of Tencent Holdings Limited
and non-executive chairman of Naspers Limited
|
|
Republic of South Africa
|
Charles St Leger
Searle(4)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Non-executive director of Tencent Holdings Limited
and the Chief Executive Officer of Naspers Internet Listed
Assets
|
|
Republic of South Africa
|
Dong Sheng Li(5)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Independent non-executive director of Tencent
Holdings Limited, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of TCL
Technology Group Corporation, Chairman and executive director of
TCL Electronics Holdings Limited
|
|
People's Republic of China
|
Iain Ferguson Bruce(6)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Independent non-executive director of Tencent
Holdings Limited
|
|
Hong Kong
|
Ian Charles Stone(7)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Independent non-executive director of Tencent
Holdings Limited, Chief Executive Officer of Saudi Integrated
Telecom Company, Director of Franco Development Ltd
|
|
Hong Kong
|
90
Table of
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Yang Siu Shun(8)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Independent non-executive director of Tencent
Holdings Limited
|
|
Hong Kong
|
Ke Yang(9)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Independent non-executive director of Tencent
Holdings Limited
|
|
People's Republic of China
|
Xu Chenye(10)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Chief Information Officer of Tencent Holdings
Limited
|
|
People's Republic of China
|
Ren Yuxin(11)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Chief Operating Officer and President of
Platform & Content Group and Interactive Entertainment
Group of Tencent Holdings Limited
|
|
People's Republic of China
|
James Gordon Mitchell(12)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Chief Strategy Officer and Senior Executive Vice
President of Tencent Holdings Limited
|
|
United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|
David A M Wallerstein(13)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Chief Exploration Officer and Senior Executive Vice
President of Tencent Holdings Limited
|
|
United States of America
|
John Shek Hon Lo(14)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President of
Tencent Holdings Limited
|
|
Hong Kong
|
- (1)
- Ma Huateng has been
in the current position for the past five years.
- (2)
- Lau Chi Ping Martin
has been in the current position for the past five years.
- (3)
- Jacobus Petrus (Koos)
Bekker has been in the current position for the past five
years.
- (4)
- Charles St Leger
Searle has been in the current position for the past five
years.
- (5)
- Dong Sheng Li was an
independent director of Legrand from 2015 to 2018 and a
non-executive director of Fantasia Holdings Group Co., Limited
from 2015 to 2020.
- (6)
- Iain Ferguson Bruce
was an independent non-executive director of Sands China Ltd.
from 2015 to 2016, an independent non-executive director of Noble
Group Limited from 2015 to 2017, and an independent non-executive
director of Yingli Green Energy Holding Company Limited from 2015
to 2020.
91
Table of
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- (7)
- Ian Charles Stone has
been in the current position for the past five years.
- (8)
- Yang Siu Shun has
been an independent non-executive director of Industrial and
Commercial Bank of China Limited since 2016.
- (9)
- Ke Yang has been in
the current position for the past five years.
- (10)
- Xu Chenye has been in
the current position for the past five years.
- (11)
- Ren Yuxin has been in
the current position for the past five years.
- (12)
- James Gordon Mitchell
has been in the current position for the past five years.
- (13)
- David A M Wallerstein
has been in the current position for the past five years.
- (14)
- John Shek Hon Lo has
been in the current position for the past five years.
During the last
five years, neither Tencent nor, to the knowledge of Tencent, any
of the persons listed above has been (a) convicted in a
criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations or similar
misdemeanors) or (b) a party to any judicial or administrative
proceeding (except for matters that were dismissed without sanction
or settlement) that resulted in a judgment, decree or final order
enjoining the person from future violations of, or prohibiting
activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a
finding of any violation of federal or state securities
laws.
92
Table of
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THL A21 Limited
The following
table sets forth information regarding the directors of THL as of
the date of this Transaction Statement, and, as of the date of this
Transaction Statement, THL does not have any executive
officers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Ma Huateng(1)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings
Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong |
|
Executive director,
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Tencent
Holdings Limited |
|
People's Republic of
China |
Charles St Leger
Searle(2)
|
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
|
|
Non-executive director of Tencent Holdings Limited
and the Chief Executive Officer of Naspers Internet Listed
Assets
|
|
Republic of South Africa
|
- (1)
- Ma Huateng has been
in the current position for the past five years.
- (2)
- Charles St Leger
Searle has been in the current position for the past five
years.
During the last
five years, neither THL nor, to the knowledge of THL, any of the
other persons listed above has been (a) convicted in a
criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations or similar
misdemeanors) or (b) a party to any judicial or administrative
proceeding (except for matters that were dismissed without sanction
or settlement) that resulted in a judgment, decree or final order
enjoining the person from future violations of, or prohibiting
activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a
finding of any violation of federal or state securities
laws.
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TitanSupernova Limited
The following
table sets forth information regarding the directors of Parent as
of the date of this Transaction Statement, and, as of the date of
this Transaction Statement, Parent does not have any executive
officers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or
Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Leiwen
Yao(1) |
|
Genesis Beijing,
No. 8 Xinyuan South Road,
Chaoyang District,
Beijing 100027, China |
|
Vice General Manager
of Merger and Acquisition Department of Tencent Holdings
Limited |
|
People's Republic of
China |
Hongda Xiao(2) |
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong |
|
Director of Merger and Acquisition Department of
Tencent Holdings Limited |
|
People's Republic of China |
- (1)
- Leiwen Yao has been
in the current position for the past five years.
- (2)
- Hongda Xiao was a
senior associate at GGV Capital from 2016 to 2017 and has been in
the current position for the past three years.
During the last
five years, neither Parent nor, to the knowledge of Parent, any of
the other persons listed above has been (a) convicted in a
criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations or similar
misdemeanors) or (b) a party to any judicial or administrative
proceeding (except for matters that were dismissed without sanction
or settlement) that resulted in a judgment, decree or final order
enjoining the person from future violations of, or prohibiting
activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a
finding of any violation of federal or state securities
laws.
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Tencent Mobility
Limited
The following
table sets forth information regarding the directors of TML as of
the date of this Transaction Statement, and, as of the date of this
Transaction Statement, TML does not have any executive
officers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or
Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Ma
Huateng(1) |
|
c/o Tencent Holdings
Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong |
|
Executive director,
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Tencent
Holdings Limited |
|
People's Republic of
China |
Charles St Leger
Searle(2) |
|
c/o Tencent Holdings Limited,
29/F., Three Pacific Place,
No. 1 Queen's Road East,
Wanchai, Hong Kong |
|
Non-executive director of Tencent Holdings Limited
and the Chief Executive Officer of Naspers Internet Listed
Assets |
|
Republic of South Africa |
- (1)
- Ma Huateng has been
in the current position for the past five years.
- (2)
- Charles St Leger
Searle has been in the current position for the past five
years.
During the last
five years, neither TML nor, to the knowledge of TML, any of the
other persons listed above has been (a) convicted in a
criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations or similar
misdemeanors) or (b) a party to any judicial or administrative
proceeding (except for matters that were dismissed without sanction
or settlement) that resulted in a judgment, decree or final order
enjoining the person from future violations of, or prohibiting
activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a
finding of any violation of federal or state securities
laws.
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Sohu.com Limited
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or
Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Charles
Zhang(1) |
|
Level 18,
Sohu.com Media Plaza, Block 3, No. 2 Kexueyuan South
Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of
China |
|
Chairman of the Board
and Chief Executive Officer of Sohu.com Limited |
|
China |
Xiaochuan Wang(2) |
|
Level 15, Sohu.com Internet Plaza, No. 1
Unit Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084,
People's Republic of China |
|
Chief Executive Officer of
Sogou Inc. |
|
China |
Dewen Chen(3) |
|
Changyou Building, Raycom Creative Industrial Park,
No. 65 Bajiao East Road, Shijingshan District,
Beijing |
|
Chief Executive Officer of Changyou.com
Limited |
|
China |
Joanna Lu (Yanfeng Lv)(4) |
|
Level 18, Sohu.com Media Plaza, Block 3,
No. 2 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District,
Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China |
|
Chief Financial Officer of Sohu.com
Limited |
|
China |
Charles Huang(5) |
|
Suite 5206, Central Plaza, Wanchai, Hong
Kong |
|
Director of Sohu.com Limited |
|
Hong Kong |
Zhonghan Deng(6) |
|
16/F, Shining Tower, No. 35, Xueyuan Road,
Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of
China |
|
Independent Director of Sohu.com Limited |
|
China |
Dave De Yang(7) |
|
24W435 Arrow Ct. Naperville, IL 60540, the United
States |
|
Independent Director of Sohu.com Limited |
|
United States |
Dave Qi(8) |
|
the CKGSB, Tower E3, Oriental Plaza, 1 East Chang An
Avenue, Beijing 100005, People's Republic of China |
|
Independent Director of Sohu.com Limited |
|
Hong Kong |
Shi Wang(9) |
|
Vanke Architecture Research Center, No. 68
Meilin Road, Futian District, Shenzhen 518049, People's
Republic of China |
|
Independent Director of Sohu.com Limited |
|
China |
- (1)
- Dr. Charles
Zhang is the founder and has been Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer of Sohu.com since August 1996. Dr. Charles
Zhang also served as Sohu.com's President from August 1996 to July
2004. Prior to founding Sohu.com, Dr. Charles Zhang worked for
Internet Securities Inc. and helped to establish its China
operations. Prior to that, Dr. Charles Zhang worked as the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology's, or MIT's, liaison officer
with China. Dr. Charles Zhang is also the Chairman of the
Board of Changyou and Sogou.
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- (2)
- Xiaochuan Wang has
been the Chief Executive Officer of Sogou since 2010, and was named
as one of the executive officers of Sohu.com effective
November 1, 2016. Mr. Wang served as Sohu.com's senior
vice president from 2008 to 2009 and as Sohu.com's Chief Technology
Officer from 2009 to 2013.
- (3)
- Dewen Chen is the
Chief Executive Officer of Changyou and was one of the principal
founders of the Company's online game business. Mr. Chen was
named as one of the executive officers of Sohu.com effective
November 1, 2016. Mr. Chen joined Sohu.com in 2005 as a
business manager, responsible for building a sales team for game
products. Beginning in May 2006, Mr. Chen was in charge of the
overall marketing, promotion, sales and channel distribution of the
Company's game products. Prior to Changyou's carve-out from
Sohu.com in 2007, Mr. Chen was the Director of
Marketing & Operations of Sohu.com's online game business.
From April 2000 until he joined Sohu.com in 2005, Mr. Chen
worked at Shanghai Hua Teng Software System Co. Ltd. as a
pre-sale technology consultant and sales manager. Prior to that,
Mr. Chen worked with Fujian Shi Da Computer Group as a
software engineer and project manager, and later as the Director of
the Technology Department of the Shanghai branch office.
- (4)
- Joanna Lu (Yanfeng
Lv) has been the Chief Financial Officer of Sohu.com since
January 27, 2018. Ms. Lv joined Sohu.com in August 2000.
From July 31, 2016 to January 26, 2018, Ms. Lv was
Sohu.com's Acting Chief Financial Officer. Prior to July 31,
2016, Ms. Lv was Sohu.com's Senior Finance Director, in charge
of day-to-day finance operations, including financial reporting,
budget planning and treasury.
- (5)
- Charles Huang has
served as a director of Sohu.com since October 2001. Mr. Huang
is the Founder, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of Netbig
Education Holdings Ltd. ("Netbig"), a leading education
enterprise in China. Prior to founding Netbig in 1999,
Mr. Huang served as Executive Director and Head of the Asia
Securitization Group of Deutsche Bank, New York and Hong Kong, as
well as a Senior Vice President of Prudential Securities Inc.,
New York. Mr. Huang is also a Chartered Financial Analyst, and
serves as director of ZTO Express (Cayman) Inc. (NYSE).
- (6)
- Dr. Zhonghan
Deng has served as a director of Sohu.com since April 2007.
Mr. Deng is the Chief Scientist and Chairman of the board of
directors of Vimicro International Corporation, which he co-founded
in 1999. Dr. Zhonghan Deng also worked as a research scientist
for International Business Machines Corporation at the T.J. Watson
Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York.
- (7)
- Dave De Yang has
served as a director of Sohu.com since April 2007. Mr. Yang
served as the Chief Financial Officer and a Partner of Dalton
International, an investment firm based in Chicago, since 2017.
From 2012 through 2016, Mr. Yang served as Chief Financial
Officer for the North Asia region, including China, Hong Kong,
Taiwan, Japan, and Korea, of Reckitt Benckiser, a London-based
company that is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is included
in the FTSE 100 Index. Prior to joining Reckitt Benckiser,
Mr. Yang worked for McDonald's Corporation as a senior
financial director, including an international assignment as the
Corporate Controller of McDonald's China for three and half years.
Prior to that role, he served as acting controller of McDonald's
India and Indonesia divisions and as a senior director of
McDonald's Corporation in the Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa
division, where he oversaw the development and supervision of
financial strategy and policy. Prior to joining McDonald's
Corporation, Mr. Yang worked in the U.S. business unit of
Ernst & Young LLP for seven years in various
positions, including as a group manager. During Mr. Yang's
tenure at Ernst & Young LLP, he focused on business
risk management consultation, corporate M&A, restructuring of
corporate internal management processes, internal audits, risk
assessment, control system designs, and auditing of corporate
financial statements, primarily for Fortune 500 companies.
Mr. Yang has also served as a member of the Sogou Board and of
the Audit Committee since 2009. Mr. Yang is a member of the
U.S. Institute of Certified Internal Auditors, the Institute of
Certified Public Accountants and the Institute of Certified
Management Accountants.
- (8)
- Dr. Dave Qi has
served as a director of Sohu.com since May 2005. Dr. Qi is a
Professor of Accounting and the former Associate Dean of the Cheung
Kong Graduate School of Business. He began teaching at the Cheung
Kong Graduate School of Business in 2002 and was the founding
Director of the Executive MBA program. Before joining the Cheung
Kong Graduate School of Business, Dr. Dave Qi was an Associate
Professor at the School of Accounting of the Chinese University of
Hong Kong. Dr. Dave Qi has published many articles and
research essays on accounting, financial reporting, capital market
and other related topics. Dr. Dave Qi also serves as director
of the following public companies: Bison Finance Group Limited (HK
Stock Exchange), CTV Golden Bridge International
Media Co., LTD. (Hong Kong Stock Exchange),
Momo Inc. (NASDAQ), Jutal Offshore Oil Services Limited (Hong
Kong Stock Exchange), Yunfeng Financial Group Limited (formerly
Reorient Group Limited) (Hong Kong Stock Exchange) and Haidilao
International Holding Ltd. (HK Stock Exchange). In addition,
Dr. Dave Qi serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee of each
of Bison Finance Group Limited, CTV Golden Bridge International
Media Co., LTD., and Haidilao International
Holding Ltd., and as a member of the Audit Committee of each
of Momo Inc., Jutal Offshore Oil Services Limited and Yunfeng
Financial Group Limited. Dr. Dave Qi is currently a member of
the American Accounting Association.
- (9)
- Mr. Shi Wang has
served as a director of Sohu.com since May 2005. Mr. Wang is
the Honorary Chairman of the board of directors of Vanke, of which
he also served as General Manager from 1991 to 1999. In 1984
Mr. Shi Wang founded the Shenzhen Exhibition Center of Modern
Science and Education Equipment, which is the predecessor of Vanke.
Mr. Shi Wang is the Executive Manager of the China Real Estate
Association and is Deputy Director of the City Housing Development
Council of the China Real Estate Association. During the last five
years, neither Sohu.com nor any of its directors or executive
officers has been (a) convicted in a criminal proceeding
(excluding traffic violations and similar misdemeanors) or
(b) a party to any judicial or administrative proceeding
(except for matters that were dismissed without sanction or
settlement) that resulted in a judgment or decree or final order
enjoining the person from future violations of, or prohibiting
activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a
finding of any violation of federal or state securities
laws.
97
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During the last
five years, neither Sohu.com nor, to the knowledge of Sohu.com, any
of the persons listed above has been (a) convicted in a
criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations or similar
misdemeanors) or (b) a party to any judicial or administrative
proceeding (except for matters that were dismissed without sanction
or settlement) that resulted in a judgment, decree or final order
enjoining the person from future violations of, or prohibiting
activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a
finding of any violation of federal or state securities
laws.
98
Table of
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Sohu.com (Search)
Limited
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Business Address |
|
Present Principal Occupation or
Employment |
|
Country of
Citizenship |
Xiufeng
Deng(1) |
|
Level 18,
Sohu.com Media Plaza, Block 3, No. 2 Kexueyuan South Road,
Haidian District, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of
China |
|
Director |
|
China |
- (1)
- Mr. Xiufeng Deng
has served as a director of Sohu Search since December 2018.
Mr. Deng is also a Vice President of Finance of
Sohu.com.
During the last
five years, neither Sohu Search nor, to the knowledge of Sohu
Search, any of the person(s) listed above has been
(a) convicted in a criminal proceeding (excluding traffic
violations or similar misdemeanors) or (b) a party to any
judicial or administrative proceeding (except for matters that were
dismissed without sanction or settlement) that resulted in a
judgment, decree or final order enjoining the person from future
violations of, or prohibiting activities subject to, federal or
state securities laws, or a finding of any violation of federal or
state securities laws.
99