UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14C INFORMATION
Information Statement Pursuant to Section 14(c) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
Check the appropriate box:
☒ Preliminary Information Statement
☐ Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted
by Rule 14c-5(d)(2))
☐ Definitive Information Statement
IMMUNE THERAPEUTICS, INC.
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check all boxes that apply):
☒ No fee required.
☐ Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
☐ Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) of
Schedule 14A (17 CFR 240.14a-101) per Item 1 of this Schedule and
Exchange Act Rules 14c-5(g) and 0-11.
Immune Therapeutics, Inc.
2431 Aloma Ave., Suite 124
Winter Park, FL 32792
NOTICE OF ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT DIRECTORS AND MAJORITY OF
STOCKHOLDERS
IN LIEU OF SPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
December 16, 2022
To our Stockholders:
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN to inform the common stock shareholders of
record of Immune Therapeutics, Inc., a Florida corporation
(“Immune Therapeutics,” the “Company,” “we,”
“us,” or “our”), that on the 16th day of December,
2022, our board of directors (the “Board”) and shareholders
holding a majority of our voting shares approved the following
actions, in accordance with Sections 607.11932 and 607.0808,
respectively, of the Florida Business Corporation Act (the
“FBCA”):
|
● |
Approved the conversion of Immune
Therapeutics with and into Biostax Corp., a newly formed Nevada
corporation (“Biostax Corp.”), which will change our
domicile from Florida to Nevada (the “Conversion”), and will
result in: |
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the Company being governed by the
laws of the state of Nevada; |
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the name of the Company being
changed to “Biostax Corp.”; and |
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adoption of Nevada bylaws to govern
Biostax Corp. as the successor to the Company following the
Conversion. |
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● |
Approved the removal of Mr. Kevin
Phelps and Dr. Roscoe Moore from the Board. |
WE ARE NOT ASKING YOU FOR A PROXY
AND YOU ARE REQUESTED NOT TO SEND US A PROXY.
This information statement (the “Information Statement”) is
being furnished in connection with the action by written consent of
stockholders taken without a meeting described in this Information
Statement.
On December 16, 2022, the date we received the consent of the
holders of a majority of the voting power of our shareholders,
there were 83,045,857 shares of common stock outstanding. Each
share of common stock has the right to cast a single vote with
respect to any and all matters presented to the holders of common
stock for their action. These shareholders collectively hold
44,727,158 shares of our common stock, or approximately 53.86% of
the voting power of our shareholders. No other shareholder consents
will be solicited in connection with the transactions described in
this Information Statement. The Board is not soliciting proxies in
connection with the adoption of these proposals, and proxies are
not requested from shareholders.
The actions will become effective on or about the 20th
day after the definitive information statement is mailed (the
“Effective Date”).
We are mailing this Information Statement in compliance with the
provisions of Section 14(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended (the “Exchange Act”) on or about [ ] to
shareholders of record of the Company at the close of business on
the day immediately preceding the date of mailing (the “Record
Date”).
THIS IS NOT A NOTICE OF A SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS AND NO
SHAREHOLDER
MEETING WILL BE HELD TO CONSIDER ANY MATTER WHICH WILL BE DESCRIBED
HEREIN.
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By |
Order of the
Board of Directors |
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/s/
Kelly Wilson |
|
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Interim Chief Executive
Officer |
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[ ],
2022 |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EFFECTIVE TIME
The Conversion will be effective in the State of Nevada and the
State of Florida on the last to occur of the following (the
“Effective Time”):
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● |
the date and time specified in the
plan of conversion meeting the requirements of Nevada law, filed
with the Secretary of State of Nevada; or |
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● |
the first day after the
20th day after the date of mailing of this Information
Statement meeting the requirements of Section 14(c) of the Exchange
Act and Rule 14c-101 under the Exchange Act. |
Pursuant to Rule 14c-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act, Mr.
Kevin Phelps’ and Dr. Roscoe Moore’s removal will not become
effective until 20 calendar days following the date on which the
Information Statement is first mailed to our stockholders.
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
This Information Statement is first being sent to stockholders on
or about [ ], 2022. The following questions and answers are
intended to respond to frequently asked questions concerning the
matters described in this Information Statement. These questions do
not, and are not intended to, address all the questions that may be
important to you. You should carefully read the entire Information
Statement, as well as its appendices and the documents incorporated
by reference in this Information Statement.
Q: WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS INFORMATION STATEMENT?
A: This Information Statement is being furnished to you
pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act to notify our
shareholders of certain corporate actions taken by a majority of
our shareholders that will become effective 20 days after mailing
this Information Statement.
Q: WHY IS THE COMPANY REINCORPORATING IN NEVADA?
A: We believe that the Conversion to a Nevada corporation
will give us more flexibility and simplicity in various corporate
transactions. Nevada has adopted corporate law that includes by
statute many concepts created by judicial rulings in Florida and
other jurisdictions and provides additional rights in connection
with the issuance and redemption of stock.
Q: WHY IS THE COMPANY NOT HOLDING A MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO
APPROVE THE CONVERSION?
A: The board of directors has already approved the
Conversion and has received the written consent of our shareholders
who represent a majority of our outstanding voting shares. Under
the Nevada Revised Statutes and our articles of incorporation, this
transaction may be approved by the written consent of a majority of
the shares entitled to vote, but only after the Board has
authorized the action. Because a majority of our voting shares have
approved the transaction discussed herein, a formal shareholder
meeting is not necessary and represents a substantial and avoidable
expense.
Q: WHAT ARE THE PRINCIPAL FEATURES OF OUR NEVADA ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION?
A: After the Conversion, our articles of incorporation will
provide for the following:
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● |
our corporate name will become “Biostax Corp.”; |
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power to make, alter, amend or repeal our bylaws, except to the
extent that the bylaws otherwise provide; |
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authority to enter into indemnification agreements with
directors and senior officers; |
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authorize 750,000,000 shares of
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, or common stock, which
includes authorizing (i) 735,000,000 shares of Class A Common
Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, or Class A Common Stock, and
(ii) 15,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.0001 par value
per share, or Class B Common Stock, plus 50,000,000 shares of
preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share, or preferred stock,
in one or more series with such rights, preferences and
designations as determined by the Board; |
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● |
convert all outstanding shares of common stock into Class A
Common Stock upon the Conversion; |
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provide that our officers and
directors will have no personal liability to us or any of our
stockholders for damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a
director or officer, subject to certain exceptions; |
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opt out of a statutory provision
requiring that any person acquiring certain statutorily defined
“control” percentages (20%, 33.3% or a majority) of a corporation’s
outstanding shares in the secondary market is not entitled to vote
those “control shares” unless a majority of the other stockholders
elects to restore such voting rights in whole or in part; and |
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opt out of the statutory provision
prohibiting engagement in any “combination” with an “interested
stockholder” for a period of two years following the date that the
stockholder became an “interested stockholder” unless prior to that
time the board of directors approved either the “combination” or
the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an
“interested stockholder”. |
Q: HOW WILL THE CONVERSION AFFECT OUR OWNERS, OFFICERS,
DIRECTORS AND EMPLOYEES?
A: The directors of Biostax, the converted entity, will be
appointed by the incorporator of Biostax Corp. and may not
necessarily be the same directors as the current directors of the
Company. Our business operations will continue at the same
locations, with the same employees and with the same assets.
Q: HOW WILL THE ACTIONS DESCRIBED HERE AFFECT MY SECURITIES AND
PERCENTAGE OF OWNERSHIP OF THE COMPANY?
A: The Conversion will not change the number of shares you
own or your percentage of the total number of outstanding
shares.
Q: WILL THE AUTHORIZATION OF ADDITIONAL STOCK DILUTE MY EQUITY
PERCENTAGE, VOTING PERCENTAGE OR PRIORITY OF MY COMMON STOCK IN THE
COMPANY?
A: Although the Conversion will not change the number of
shares of authorized common stock of the Company from its currently
authorized 750,000,000 shares of common stock, the number of shares
of authorized preferred stock will increase from none to
50,000,000. Your voting percentage and equity interest in the
Company will not be changed by the authorization of the Company to
issue shares of preferred stock.
While the number of shares of authorized common stock will not
change, the Company will create two classes of common stock: Class
A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. The Class A Common Stock
and Class B Common Stock will have the same rights and preferences
and rank equally, share ratably, and be identical in all aspects,
except as to voting. The Class A Common Stock shall be entitled to
one (1) vote for each share held, and Class B Common Stock will be
entitled to twenty (20) votes for each share held. No shares of
Class B Common Stock will be issued upon the Conversion.
The change in authorized shares will allow us to issue shares of
preferred stock, which may have greater voting, dividend,
liquidation, or other rights compared to common stock, and up to
15,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock, representing up to
300,000,000 votes. These authorized shares, if issued, may
therefore cause a dilution of your ownership and voting interest in
the future.
Q: HOW DO I EXCHANGE FLORIDA CERTIFICATES FOR NEVADA
CERTIFICATES?
A: If you are a shareholder of record, you should contact
our transfer agent. Upon surrender of a certificate for
cancellation, our transfer agent will issue a new certificate
representing the number of shares you are entitled to as soon as
practical after the Effective Time of the Conversion. If you hold
your stock in street name in a brokerage account, your broker will
manage the certificate change.
Q: WHAT HAPPENS IF I DO NOT SURRENDER MY COMPANY
CERTIFICATES?
A: You are not required to surrender your certificates
representing Company shares in order to receive a certificate with
our new name. Until you receive your new certificates you will
continue to receive notice of or vote at shareholder meetings and
receive dividends or other distributions for your shares.
Q: WHAT IF I HAVE LOST MY COMPANY CERTIFICATES?
A: If you have lost your Company certificates, you should
contact our transfer agent as soon as possible to have a new
certificate issued. You may be required to post a bond or other
security to reimburse us for any damages or costs if the
certificate is later delivered for conversion. Our transfer agent
is:
Clear Trust, LLC
16540 Pointe Village Dr Suite 205
Lutz, FL 33558
Tel: (813) 235-4490 Fax: (813) 388-4549
Q: CAN I REQUIRE THE COMPANY TO PURCHASE MY STOCK?
A: Yes. Florida law provides for a right of appraisal or
redemption in connection with the Conversion described in this
Information Statement. See “Rights of Dissenting
Shareholders.”
Q: WHO WILL PAY THE COSTS OF THE CONVERSION?
A: We will pay all of the costs of the Conversion in Nevada,
including distributing this Information Statement. You will only be
required to pay our transfer agent the cost of exchanging
certificates representing shares of the Company for Nevada
certificates. We may also pay brokerage firms and other custodians
for their reasonable expenses for forwarding information materials
to the beneficial owners of our common stock. We do not anticipate
contracting for other services in connection with the
Conversion.
Q: WILL I HAVE TO PAY TAXES ON THE NEW CERTIFICATES?
A: We believe that the Conversion is not a taxable event and
that you will be entitled to the same basis in your shares of
common stock when issued under the new name. EVERYONE’S TAX
SITUATION IS DIFFERENT AND YOU SHOULD CONSULT WITH YOUR PERSONAL
TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE TAX EFFECT OF THE CONVERSION.
DIRECTORS AND
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following sets forth information about our directors and
executive officers:
Name |
|
Age |
|
Position |
Kelly Wilson |
|
52 |
|
Interim Chief Executive Officer, Interim
President, Chief Operating Officer |
Dr. Roscoe Moore |
|
77 |
|
Director and Chairman of the Board |
Kevin Phelps |
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67 |
|
Director |
Robert Wilson |
|
50 |
|
Director |
Louis Salomonsky |
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83 |
|
Director |
Glen Farmer |
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53 |
|
Chief
Financial Officer |
Cynthia Douglas |
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50 |
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Secretary |
Noreen Griffin |
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70 |
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Vice
President |
The biography of each director and executive officer below contains
information regarding the person’s service as a director, business
experience, director positions held currently or at any time during
the last five years, and information regarding involvement in
certain legal or administrative proceedings, if applicable.
Kelly Wilson. Ms. Wilson has served as the Interim
Chief Executive Officer of the Company since November 2022, and Ms.
Wilson has served Chief Operating Officer of the Company since
August 2022. From 2013 to April 2020, Ms. Wilson was the Company’s
Chief Technology Officer. From September 2016 to April 2020, Ms.
Wilson also served as the Chief Technology and Information Officer
of Cytocom Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company and
former subsidiary of the Company. Since December 2020, Ms. Wilson
has also served as a director for Forte Animal Health, Inc., a
veterinary immunotherapy company. From August 2016 to August 2019,
Ms. Wilson was the Director of Program and Project Management of
Cytocom; during that time Cytocom merged with Cleveland Biolabs
Inc. and became Statera Biopharma Inc. (Nasdaq: STAB). From May
2022 to July 2022, Ms. Wilson was the Chief Operating Officer of
Biostax, Inc., an immunotherapy startup. Ms. Wilson is also a
director of Biostax, Inc., since May 2021. Ms. Wilson graduated
with honors from the University of Central Florida with a master’s
degree in systems design and a bachelor’s degree in English.
Dr. Roscoe Moore. Dr. Moore has been a director and
Chairman of the Board of the Company since August 2018. Since
December 2022, Dr. Moore has been the President of PeerSat LLC, an
independent company leading the employment of peer-to-peer
satellite infrastructure. Additionally, Dr. Moore serves on
multiple advisory boards. Dr. Moore has been on the advisory board
of AREV Life Sciences Global Corp. (CSE: AREV) (OTC: AREVF), a
plant extraction and phyto-medicinal development company, since
February 2021; a director of OyaGen, Inc. since June of 2013; an
advisor on the Scientific Advisory Board of Germinator, LLC since
April 2020; and a Compensation Committee member and Nominating and
Governance Committee member of Global Medical REIT Inc. (NYSE:
GMRE) since August 2015. Dr. Moore received his Bachelor of Science
and Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degrees from the Tuskegee
Institute; his Master of Public Health degree in Epidemiology from
the University of Michigan; and his Doctor of Philosophy degree in
Epidemiology from the Johns Hopkins University. The Board believes that Dr. Moore is
qualified to serve as a member of the Board due to his extensive
clinical research and his distinguished career in public
health.
Kevin Phelps. Mr. Phelps joined our Board in November
2018. From April 2020 to July 2022, Mr. Phelps served as our Chief
Executive Officer, President, and Chief Financial Officer. Since
March 2002, Mr. Phelps has been a General Partner in TrilliumGroup,
LLC, a Rochester, New York based venture capital firm. Mr. Phelps
is currently Director/Chairman of OyaGen, Inc., a pre-clinical drug
development company. Mr. Phelps has served the Chief Operating
Officer and as a director of Arev Life Sciences Global Corp. (CSE:
AREV) (OTC: AREVF), a plant extraction and phyto-medicinal
development company, since April 2022. Mr. Phelps is a graduate of
the University of Notre Dame with a degree in accounting.
The Board believes that Mr.
Phelps is qualified to serve as a member of the board because of
his experience within the Company, his experience in public
accounting, his background in private equity, and his board
membership in other public medical companies.
Robert Wilson. Mr. Wilson joined the Board on May
2022. Since June 2022, Mr. Wilson has been a director and the
Executive Vice President of Strategy and Planning for Biostax,
Inc., an immunotherapy startup. Biostax, Inc. is a Delaware
corporation that has no direct or indirect ownership interest in,
and is not directly or indirectly owned by, either the Company or
Biostax Corp. Since December 2020, Mr. Wilson has been a director
and the Vice President of Strategy at Forte Animal Health, Inc.
From March 2020 to December 2020, Mr. Wilson was the Director of
Business Intelligence and Strategy at Statera Biopharma Inc.
(Nasdaq: STAB), and from December 2020 to June 2022 was its Vice
President of Business Strategy and Intelligence. Since January
1998, Mr. Wilson has also been the President of Pixelheads, Inc.
From January 2012 to March 2020, Mr. Wilson was Senior Marketing
Consultant and Content Developer of the Company. Mr. Wilson holds
an Associate of Arts from Palm Beach Community College and attended
the University of Central Florida for Technical Writing.
The Board believes that Mr.
Wilson is qualified to serve as a member of the board due to his
many years of experience in business development and business
analysis and strategy.
Henry Louis Salomonsky. Mr. Salomonsky joined the
Board on September 2022. Mr. Salomonsky is a real estate
professional with decades of experience in designing, developing,
and managing commercial real estate. Since June 1989, Mr.
Salomonsky has been the founder and principal of Historic Housing
LLC, a firm with expertise in both the adaptive reuse of historic
buildings and the construction of new buildings for multi-family
residential dwellings. Mr. Salomonsky’s work in the real estate
market focuses on two property markets: Richmond, Virginia and
Washington, D.C., where, over the past 28 years, he has developed
assets that Mr. Salomonsky’s firm values at approximately $750
million. Mr. Salmonsky’s work at Historic Housing LLC specializes
in federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits and historic
rehabilitation tax credits, and conventionally-financed three- to
twelve-story new-construction buildings. Mr. Salmonsky’s experience
also includes community and professional volunteer work, including
serving on task forces to examine historic tax credit legislation
for the Commonwealth of Virginia and regarding government structure
for the City of Richmond. Mr. Salomonsky also served as the Vice
Rector and as a Member of the Board of Visitors for Virginia State
University. Mr. Salomonsky is currently serving on the University
of Virginia School of Architecture Foundation Board, of which he
has been a director since July 2020. The Board believes that Mr.
Salomonsky is qualified to serve as a member of the Board due to
his many years of operational leadership and his previous board
memberships.
Glen Farmer. Mr. Farmer was appointed as the Chief
Executive Officer on August 2022. From April 2018 to July 2022, Mr.
Farmer was the Vice President and U.S. Controller at iAnthus
Capital Holdings, Inc. (CSE: IAN) (OTC: ITHUF), a healthcare
company. Prior to his tenure at iAnthus, Mr. Farmer was Director of
Finance, Integrated Specialty Pharmacy Division of Premier, Inc.
(Nasdaq: PINC) from September 2015 to April 2018. Mr. Farmer
received his bachelor’s degree in accounting from the University of
Maryland, and his Master of Business Administration with a
concentration in finance from Mount St. Mary’s University.
Cynthia
Douglas. Ms. Douglas was appointed as the Secretary
in July 2022. From September 2020 to April 2022, Ms. Douglas was
the Research and Development Program Manager at Stratera Biopharma
Inc. (Nasdaq: STAB). From September 2019 to August 2020, Ms.
Douglas was the Senior Executive Assistant to the Chief Executive
Officer at MacroGenics, Inc. (Nasdaq: MGNX). Ms. Douglas was also
the manager of HR Administration at Supernus Pharmaceuticals Inc.
(Nasdaq: SUPN). From 2015 to April 2019, Ms. Douglas was an
Executive Administrative Assistant at Intrexxon Corporation, which
is now Precigen Inc. (Nasdaq: PGEN). Ms. Douglas graduated with a
bachelor’s degree in Business Administration from Montgomery
College.
Noreen Griffin. Ms. Griffin was appointed as Vice
President in November 2022. From August 2020 to March 2022,
Ms. Griffin has been a founder and Executive Vice President of
Cytocom, Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company and
former subsidiary of the Company. Since November 2012, Ms. Griffin
has been the Manager of TNI Biotech International Ltd., a
subsidiary of the Company. Ms. Griffin is also a director and the
Chief Executive Officer of Forte Animal Health Inc., a position
which she has held since January 2021. From April 2020 to September
2020, Ms. Griffin was the Chief Executive Officer of Cytocom Inc.
(later Statera BioPharma Inc.) (Nasdaq: STAB), and she served as
President until March 2022. From March 2012 to September 2019, Ms.
Griffin, a co-founder of the Company, was the Chief Executive
Officer and a director of the Company. Ms. Griffin attended North
Florida Community College from 1978 to 1980 and left prior to
graduation in order to pursue full-time employment
opportunities.
Committees of the Board of Directors
In February 2014, the Board authorized the formation of and adopted
charters for an audit committee, compensation committee, compliance
committee, and nominating committee. As of December 31, 2021, we
had not yet appointed any directors of our Board to these
committees. Since their formation, the functions of these
committees have been managed by the entire Board. As of the date of
this information statement, no members were appointed to the audit
committee, compensation committee, compliance committee, and
nominating committee. The compensation committee, compliance
committee and nominating committee have not yet held any
meetings.
The Board held no meetings in 2021.
Limitations on Directors’ and Officers’ Liability
Both before and after the Conversion, no director or officer will
be personally liable to us or any of our stockholders for damages
for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer, subject
to certain exceptions. Both before and after the Conversion, our
directors and officers are or will be indemnified to the fullest
extent permitted under corporate law and our articles of
incorporation.
CONVERSION
CONVERSION OF IMMUNE THERAPEUTICS, INC., A FLORIDA
CORPORATION,
WITH AND INTO
BIOSTAX CORP., A NEVADA CORPORATION
Our Board and the holders of a majority of the voting power of our
stockholders have approved a Plan of Conversion (“Plan of
Conversion”) pursuant to which the Company will convert with
and into Biostax Corp. and change its corporate domicile from the
State of Florida to the State of Nevada, which would result in the
Conversion, the change of the Company’s name to Biostax Corp., and
other effects described below. Our Board has recommended to our
shareholders and the vote of the majority of shares were obtained
by written consent. The Plan of Conversion is attached hereto as
Exhibit A and should be read in its entirety. A copy of the
proposed articles of incorporation and bylaws of Biostax Corp. are
attached hereto as Exhibit B and Exhibit C,
respectively. We urge you to carefully read the following sections
of this Information Statement, including the related
appendices.
The Conversion will become effective upon the filing of the
requisite conversion documents in Nevada and Florida. We plan on
making these filings approximately (but not less than) 20 days
after the definitive information statement is mailed to
stockholders, subject to obtaining the requisite approval from the
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”).
We currently have three officers and one director of the Company
located in Florida. However, we expect that the Conversion and
consequent governance under Nevada corporate law will better allow
us to transition our business model, which we expect to focus on
the acquisition, development, and commercialization of
pharmaceutical and biotechnology products that have a well-defined
path to market. By utilizing a biotech portfolio hub-and-spoke
engine, we plan to advance focused and efficient small-scale
biotechnology and pharmaceutical programs through subsidiaries,
investment vehicles or partnerships, and deploy products from those
programs in markets both in the U.S. and internationally for
initial commercialization.
Principal Effects of the Conversion
Implementing the Conversion will have, among other things, the
following effects:
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● |
the
Company’s name will be changed to “Biostax Corp.”; |
|
● |
outstanding common stock of Immune Therapeutics
will automatically be converted to common stock
of Biostax Corp., with each share of common stock of
Immune Therapeutics being converted into one share of common stock
of Biostax Corp.; |
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● |
outstanding convertible and exercisable
securities to purchase common stock of Immune Therapeutics will
automatically be assumed by Biostax Corp. and will represent
convertible and exercisable securities to acquire shares of common
stock of Biostax Corp. on the basis of one (1) share of Biostax
Corp. common stock for each one (1) share of common stock of Immune
Therapeutics, and the per share exercise price, term, and other
terms and provisions for each such convertible and exercisable
securities will remain unchanged; |
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● |
the
number of shares owned by shareholders and the total percentage of
total outstanding shares of the shareholders will remain
unchanged; |
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● |
the
Company will change the 750,000,000 shares of authorized common
stock into two classes of authorized common stock, consisting of
735,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock and 15,000,000 shares of
Class B Common Stock, and the number of shares of authorized
preferred stock will increase from none to 50,000,000; |
|
● |
the
persons presently serving as our executive officers, directors, and
employees will continue to serve in such respective capacities
following the effective time of the Conversion; and |
|
● |
articles of incorporation and bylaws will be
adopted under the laws of Nevada in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit B and Exhibit C, respectively (see “Adoption
of Nevada Articles and Bylaws” below for further
information). |
Exchange of Stock Certificates. Following the effective time
of the Conversion, holders of stock certificates of Immune may, but
will not be required to, contact our stock transfer agent, Clear
Trust LLC, regarding the procedure for surrendering such
certificates in exchange for certificates representing shares of
Biostax Corp. Holders of our certificates will not receive a new
stock certificate until the outstanding certificate(s) representing
such holder’s shares prior to the Conversion have been surrendered
to our transfer agent. See additional information below under
“Questions & Answers: How do I Exchange Florida Certificates
for Nevada Certificates?” with respect to the exchange of stock
certificates. PLEASE DO NOT DESTROY ANY STOCK CERTIFICATE.
The Conversion in and of itself will not result in any change in
the business, management, fiscal year, accounting, assets or
liabilities of the Company. Although we plan to change our
principal executive offices following the Conversion, we expect to
maintain them in Florida. We currently occupy an office space at
2431 Aloma Ave., Suite 124, Winter Park, FL 32792 without a lease
agreement with our landlord. We expect to change our principal
executive offices following the Conversion to 1317 Edgewater Drive,
Suite 4882, Orlando FL 32804.
Change in Capitalization
Our authorized capital on the date of this Information Statement
consisted of 750,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value
per share. On the date of this Information Statement there were
83,045,857 shares of our common stock outstanding. As further set
forth in its articles of incorporation, the authorized
capitalization for Biostax Corp. will consist of 800,000,000 shares
of capital stock divided into 750,000,000 shares of common stock,
with such common stock further divided into 735,000,000 shares of
Class A Common Stock and 15,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock,
and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock. The Class A Common Stock
and Class B Common Stock will have the same rights and preferences
and rank equally, share ratably, and be identical in all respects
as to all matters, except as to voting. The Class A Common Stock
will be entitled to one (1) vote for each share held, and Class B
Common Stock will be entitled to twenty (20) votes for each share
held. The Class A Common Stock and the Class B Common Stock will
vote on all matters as a single class, except as otherwise set
forth below or as required by applicable law.
Each share of Class B Common Stock shall be convertible on a
one-for-one basis into Class A Common Stock at the option of the
holder thereof, at any time after the date of the issuance of such
shares, without payment of additional consideration. In the event
of a transfer of Class B Common Stock, as defined in the Biostax
Corp. articles of incorporation attached as Exhibit B, each
transferred share of Class B Common Stock will automatically
convert to one share of Class A Common Stock, subject to certain
exceptions.
All outstanding shares of the Company will convert into shares of
Class A Common Stock during the Conversion. At the conclusion of
the Conversion, there will be no outstanding Class B Common Stock
or preferred stock. The Conversion will not affect the number of
shares of our outstanding common stock, the number of votes to
which any outstanding shares of common stock are entitled, or total
capitalization.
Pursuant to the Conversion, each outstanding option and warrant to
purchase shares of the Company’s common stock will automatically be
assumed by Biostax Corp. and it will represent an option or warrant
to acquire shares of Biostax Corp.’s Class A Common Stock on the
basis of one share of Biostax Corp. Class A Common Stock for each
share of Company common stock and at an exercise price equal to the
exercise price of the Company option or warrant, as the case may
be.
Each certificate representing issued and outstanding shares of the
Company’s common stock will represent the same number of shares of
Biostax Corp.’s Class A Common Stock into which such shares are
converted by virtue of the Conversion. IT WILL NOT BE NECESSARY FOR
SHAREHOLDERS OF THE COMPANY TO EXCHANGE THEIR EXISTING STOCK
CERTIFICATES FOR STOCK CERTIFICATES OF BIOSTAX CORP. HOWEVER,
SHAREHOLDERS MAY EXCHANGE THEIR CERTIFICATE IF THEY SO CHOOSE.
There are no present plans, understandings or agreements, and we
are not engaged in any negotiations that will involve, the issuance
of Class B Common Stock or preferred stock. However, the Board
believes it prudent to have shares of Class B Common Stock and
preferred stock available for such corporate purposes as the Board
may from time to time deem necessary and advisable including,
without limitation, acquisitions, the raising of additional capital
and assurance of flexibility of action in the future.
The board of directors of Biostax Corp. may authorize, without
further stockholder approval, the issuance of shares of preferred
stock, Class A Common Stock, or Class B Common Stock, to such
persons, for such consideration, and upon such terms as the board
of directors determines. Neither the Company’s current shareholders
or the stockholders of Biostax Corp. following the Conversion have
preemptive rights, and any such issuance could result in a
significant dilution of the voting rights and the stockholders’
equity, of then existing shareholders.
Regulatory Approval
To the Company’s knowledge, the only required regulatory or
governmental approval or filings necessary in connection with the
consummation of the Conversion would be the filing of articles of
conversion with the Florida Division of Corporations, and the
filing of a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of
the State of Nevada.
Securities Act Consequences
The shares of Biostax Corp. Class A Common Stock to be issued upon
the Conversion for shares of the Company’s common stock and the
shares of Biostax Corp. Class B Common Stock to be authorized upon
the Conversion are not being registered under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). In this regard, we
are relying on Rule 145(a)(2) under the Securities Act (“Rule
145”), which provides that a merger, consolidation, or other
plan that has “as its sole purpose” a change in the domicile of a
corporation does not involve the sale of securities for purposes of
the Securities Act. After the Conversion, Biostax Corp. will be a
publicly held company, Biostax Corp. Class A Common Stock will
continue to be qualified for quotation on the OTC Markets, and
Biostax Corp. will file periodic reports and other documents with
the SEC and provide to its stockholders the same types of
information that the Company has previously filed and provided.
Holders of shares of the Company’s common stock that are freely
tradable before the Conversion will continue to have freely
tradable shares of Biostax Corp. Class A Common Stock. Stockholders
holding so-called restricted shares of the Company common stock
will have shares of Biostax Corp. Class A Common Stock that are
subject to the same restrictions on transfer as those to which
their shares of the Company common stock are subject, if any, and
their stock certificates, if surrendered for replacement
certificates representing shares of Biostax Corp. Class A Common
Stock, will bear the same restrictive legend as appears on their
present stock certificates. For purposes of computing compliance
with the holding period requirement of Rule 144 under the
Securities Act, stockholders will be deemed to have acquired their
shares of Biostax Corp. Class A Common Stock on the date they
acquired their shares of Company Common Stock.
Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences
The following summary describes certain United States federal
income tax considerations relevant to the Conversion. This summary
is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
“Code”), and U.S. Department of the Treasury regulations,
rulings, administrative pronouncements, and judicial decisions as
of the date hereof, all of which may be revoked or modified,
possibly retroactively so as to result in federal income tax
consequences different from those described below. The Company does
not intend to request a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service
(“IRS”) regarding the federal income tax consequences of the
Conversion. This summary does not address all aspects of federal
income taxation that may be relevant to the Conversion, nor does
this summary address the effect of any applicable foreign, state,
local, or other tax laws. This summary also does not address the
federal income tax consequences of the Conversion to who are
non-United States persons, financial institutions, dealers in
securities, insurance companies, tax-exempt entities, regulated
investment companies, pass-through entities, persons who have a
functional currency other than the dollar, or persons who hold
Company stock other than as a capital asset.
The Company believes that, for federal income tax purposes, the
Conversion would be treated as a reorganization under section 368
of the Code. No gain or loss would be recognized by the holders of
the Company’s common stock as a result of the consummation of the
Conversion and no gain or loss would be recognized by the Company
or Biostax Corp. In addition, the Company believes that each former
holder of common stock of the Company would have the same basis in
the common stock of the surviving corporation received by such
person pursuant to the Conversion as such holder had in the common
stock of the Company held by such person immediately prior to the
consummation of the Conversion, and such person’s holding period
with respect to such Class A common stock of the surviving
corporation would include the period during which such holder held
the corresponding common stock of the Company, provided the latter
was held by such person as a capital asset immediately prior to the
consummation of the Conversion. Shareholders owning at least one
percent (by vote or value) of the total outstanding stock of the
Company immediately before the Conversion may be required to file a
statement with their tax return containing certain information
regarding the Conversion.
State, local or foreign income tax consequences to shareholders may
vary from the federal tax consequences described above.
SHAREHOLDERS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE EFFECT
OF THE MERGER UNDER APPLICABLE FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, OR FOREIGN
INCOME TAX LAWS.
TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH IRS CIRCULAR 230, (I) THE FOREGOING
DISCUSSION WAS NOT INTENDED OR WRITTEN TO BE USED, AND CANNOT BE
USED, FOR THE PURPOSE OF AVOIDING PENALTIES THAT MAY BE IMPOSED
UNDER FEDERAL TAX LAW; AND (II) EACH SHAREHOLDER SHOULD SEEK ADVICE
BASED ON HIS OR HER PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES FROM AN INDEPENDENT
TAX ADVISOR.
Differences between the Company and Biostax Corp.
The Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of
Florida, and Biostax Corp. was incorporated under the laws of the
State of Nevada. Following the Conversion, the Company’s
shareholders will become stockholders of Biostax Corp. Their rights
as stockholders will be governed by the Nevada Revised Statutes and
the articles of incorporation and bylaws of Biostax Corp. rather
than the FBCA and the articles of incorporation and bylaws of
Immune Therapeutics.
The corporate statutes of Nevada and Florida have certain
differences, summarized below. This summary is not intended to be
complete and is qualified by reference to the full text of, and
decisions interpreting, Florida law and Nevada law.
Removal of Directors. Florida law requires the vote of a
majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote for the
election of directors to remove directors. Nevada law provides that
any or all directors may be removed by the vote of two-thirds of
the voting stockholders entitled to vote for the election of
directors. Nevada does not distinguish between removal of directors
with or without cause. The Conversion may make it more difficult
for the stockholders of the Nevada Company to remove a member of
the board of directors.
Special meetings of Stockholders. Florida law permits
special meetings of shareholders to be called by the board of
directors or by any other person authorized in the articles of
incorporation or bylaws to call a special shareholder meeting, and
by written demand of shareholders holding not less than 10% (unless
a greater percentage not to exceed 50% is required by the articles
of incorporation) of all the votes entitled to be cast on any issue
proposed to be considered at the proposed special meeting (a
“Shareholder Demand”). Nevada law provides that the entire
board of directors, any two directors or the president may call a
special meeting of stockholders, unless otherwise provided in the
articles of incorporation or bylaws.
Special meetings pursuant to petition of Stockholders.
Florida law provides that the local circuit court may order a
special meeting be held: (a) on application of any shareholder
entitled to vote at an annual meeting if neither an annual meeting
has been held nor an action by written consent in lieu thereof has
become effective within any 15-month period; or (b) on application
pursuant to a Shareholder Demand if: (1) notice of the special
meeting was not given within 60 days after the first day on which
the requisite number of demands have been delivered to the
corporation’s secretary or (2) the special meeting was not held in
accordance with the notice. Nevada law is more restrictive. Under
Nevada law, stockholders having not less than 15% of the voting
interest may petition the district court to order a meeting for the
election of directors if a corporation fails to call a meeting for
that purpose within 18 months after the last meeting at which
directors were elected.
Cumulative voting. Cumulative voting for directors entitles
stockholders to cast a number of votes that is equal to the number
of voting shares held multiplied by the number of directors to be
elected. Stockholders may cast all such votes either for one
nominee or distribute such votes among up to as many candidates as
there are positions to be filled. Cumulative voting may enable a
minority stockholder or group of stockholders to elect at least one
representative to the board of directors where such stockholders
would not otherwise be able to elect any directors. Both Florida
and Nevada law permit cumulative voting if provided for in the
articles of incorporation. Neither the articles of incorporation of
the Company nor the articles of incorporation of Biostax Corp.
provide for cumulative voting.
Vacancies. Under Florida law, vacancies on the board of
directors may be filled by: (i) the shareholders, (ii) the board of
directors, an affirmative vote of the majority of the remaining
directors then in office, or (iii) if the vacant office was held by
a director elected by a voting group of shareholders entitled to
appoint such director, by such shareholders. Any director so
appointed will hold office for the remainder of the full term of
the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred. Nevada law
provides that vacancies must be filled as the bylaws provide, or in
the absence of such a provision, by the board of directors. The
bylaws of both the Company and Biostax Corp. address the filling of
vacancies by the board of directors in the same manner.
Indemnification of officers and directors and advancement of
expenses. Florida and Nevada have substantially similar
provisions regarding indemnification by a corporation of its
officers, directors, employees and agents. Florida and Nevada law
differ in their provisions for advancement of expenses incurred by
an officer or director in defending a civil or criminal action,
suit or proceeding. Florida law provides that expenses incurred by
an officer or director in defending any civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding may be
paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of the
action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on
behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it is
ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to be
indemnified by the corporation. A Florida corporation has the
discretion to decide whether or not to advance expenses, unless its
articles of incorporation or bylaws provides for mandatory
advancement. The Company’s bylaws provide for indemnification to
officers and directors to the fullest extent permissible under
Florida law. Under Nevada law, the articles of incorporation,
bylaws or an agreement made by the corporation may provide that the
corporation must advance expenses prior to the final disposition of
the action, suit or proceedings upon receipt of an undertaking by
or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it
is ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to be
indemnified by the corporation. Thus, a Nevada corporation may have
no discretion to decide whether or not to advance expenses to
directors or officers. The articles of incorporation and bylaws of
Biostax Corp. provide for the indemnification of officers and
directors to the fullest extent allowed under the Nevada Revised
Statutes.
Limitation on personal liability of directors. Florida law
permits a corporation to adopt provisions limiting or eliminating
the liability of a director to a company and its shareholders for
monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director,
provided that such liability does not arise from certain proscribed
conduct, including breach of the duty of loyalty, acts or omissions
not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a
knowing violation of law or liability to the corporation based on
unlawful dividends or distributions or improper personal benefit.
The articles of incorporation of Immune Therapeutics provide that a
director or officer shall not be liable to the Company or its
shareholders for damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director
or officer except for liabilities that are expressly prohibited
from indemnification under Florida law. Nevada law provides that a
director or officer is not liable to the corporation or its
stockholders for any act or failure to act unless it is proven that
his or her act or failure to act constitutes a breach of fiduciary
duty and the breach of that duty involved intentional misconduct,
fraud, or a knowing violation of law. The limitation of liability
provision under Nevada law applies, unless the articles of
incorporation or bylaws provide otherwise, to both directors and
officers and applies to the breach of any fiduciary duty, including
the duty of loyalty. The articles of incorporation of Biostax Corp.
provide that a director or officer shall not be liable to the
Company or its stockholders for damages for breach of fiduciary
duty as a director or officer, subject to certain exceptions
provided under Nevada law and summarized above.
Restrictions on business combinations. Both Florida and
Nevada law contain provisions restricting the ability of a
corporation to engage in business combinations with an interested
stockholder. Under Florida law, a corporation which is listed on a
national securities exchange, included for quotation on the Nasdaq
Stock Market or held of record by more than 2,000 shareholders, is
not permitted to engage in a business combination with any
interested shareholder for a three-year period following the time
such shareholder became an interested shareholder, unless (i) the
transaction resulting in a person becoming an interested
shareholder, or the business combination, is approved by the board
of directors of the corporation before the person becomes an
interested shareholder; (ii) the interested shareholder acquires
85% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation in
the same transaction that makes it an interested shareholder
(excluding shares owned by persons who are both officers and
directors of the corporation, and shares held by certain employee
stock ownership plans); or (iii) on or after the date the person
becomes an interested shareholder, the business combination is
approved by the corporation’s board of directors and by the holders
of at least 66 2/3% of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock
at an annual or special meeting (and not by written consent),
excluding shares owned by the interested shareholder. Florida law
defines “interested shareholder” generally as a person who owns 15%
or more of the outstanding shares of a corporation’s voting
stock.
A Nevada corporation generally may not engage in certain business
combinations and transactions with an “interested stockholder” (in
general, the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the corporation’s
voting power) or the interested stockholder’s affiliates or
associates during the two-year period after the stockholder first
became an interested stockholder, unless the combination meets all
of the requirements of the corporation’s Articles of Incorporation
and either: (i) the business combination or transaction by which
the person first became an interested stockholder is approved by
the board of directors before the stockholder became an interested
stockholder or (ii) during the two-year period, the transaction is
approved by the board of directors and by at least 60% of the
disinterested stockholders at an annual or special meeting. After
that initial two-year period, corporations subject to these
statutes may not engage in specified business combinations and
transactions unless the combination meets all of the requirements
of the articles of incorporation and either: (A) the business
combination or transaction by which the person first became an
interested stockholder is approved by the board of directors before
the stockholder became an interested stockholder, or (B) the
business combination is approved by a majority of the outstanding
voting power of the corporation not beneficially owned by the
interested stockholder or any of the interested stockholder’s
affiliates or associates. As in Florida, a Nevada corporation may
opt-out of the statute with appropriate provisions in its articles
of incorporation. The articles of incorporation of Biostax Corp.
provide that the Company elects not to be governed by this
restriction.
Limitations on controlling stockholders. Nevada law contains
a provision that limits the voting rights of a person that acquires
or makes an offer to acquire a controlling interest in a Nevada
corporation. Under the provisions of Nevada law, a person acquiring
or making an offer to acquire more than 20% of the voting power in
a corporation will have only such voting rights as are granted by a
resolution of the stockholders adopted at a special or annual
meeting. The controlling person is not entitled to vote on the
resolution granting voting rights to the controlling interest. The
person acquiring a controlling interest may request a meeting of
the stockholders be called for this purpose and, if the board of
directors fails to call the meeting or the controlling person is
not accorded full voting rights, the corporation must redeem the
controlling shares at the average price paid for them. Florida does
not have a similar provision. The articles of incorporation of
Biostax Corp. provide that the Company elects not to be governed by
this restriction.
Amendment to Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws. Both
Florida and Nevada law require the approval of the holders of a
majority of all outstanding shares entitled to vote to approve
proposed amendments to a corporation’s articles of incorporation.
Both Florida and Nevada law also provide that in addition to the
vote of the shareholders, the vote of a majority of the outstanding
shares of a class may be required to amend the articles of
incorporation. Neither state requires shareholder approval for the
board of directors of a corporation to fix the voting powers,
designation, preferences, limitations, restrictions and rights of a
class of stock provided that the corporation’s organizational
documents grant such power to its board of directors. Both Florida
and Nevada law permit the number of authorized shares of any such
class of stock to be increased or decreased (but not below the
number of shares then outstanding) by the board of directors unless
otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation or resolution
adopted pursuant to the bylaws, respectively.
Under the FBCA, a corporation’s board of directors may generally
amend the bylaws unless (i) the articles of incorporation or the
FBCA reserves the power to amend the bylaws generally or a specific
bylaw provision exclusively to the shareholders or (ii) the
shareholders, in amending or repealing the bylaws generally or a
particular bylaw provision, provide expressly that the board of
directors may not amend or repeal the bylaws or that bylaw
provision. Additionally, the shareholders may amend or repeal the
bylaws even though the bylaws may also be amended or repealed by
the board of directors. The bylaws of the Company provide that they
may be amended or repealed or new bylaws may be adopted (i) at any
regular or special meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is
present or represented, by the vote of the holders of a majority of
the shares entitled to vote in the election of any directors,
provided notice of the proposed alteration, amendment or repeal is
contained in the notice of such meeting; or (ii) by affirmative
vote of a majority of the Board at any regular or special meeting
thereof.
The stockholders of a Nevada company may adopt, amend or repeal its
bylaws. The articles of incorporation of Biostax Corp. provide that
the Board also may amend, restate or repeal its bylaws. The fact
that such power has been so conferred upon the Board does not
divest the stockholders of the power, nor limit the stockholders’
power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws.
Actions by written consent of Stockholders. Both Florida and
Nevada law provide that, unless the bylaws or articles of
incorporation provides otherwise, any action required or permitted
to be taken at a meeting of the shareholders may be taken without a
meeting if the holders of outstanding stock having at least the
minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or
take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote
consents to the action in writing. Florida law requires the
corporation to give prompt notice of the taking of corporate action
without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent to those
shareholders who did not consent in writing. Nevada law does
provide this requirement. The articles of incorporation and bylaws
of both Immune Therapeutics and Biostax Corp. provides for the
taking of action by written consent of the shareholders.
Stockholder vote for mergers and other corporation
reorganizations. Nevada law requires authorization by an
absolute majority of the outstanding voting rights, as well as
approval by the board of directors, of the terms of a merger or a
sale of substantially all of the assets of the corporation. Florida
law requires approval by the board of directors, as well as a
majority of the outstanding voting rights, of the terms of a merger
or share exchange, unless the articles of incorporation or bylaws
require a greater than majority vote. Florida law does not require
a shareholder vote of the surviving corporation in a merger (unless
the corporation provides otherwise in its articles of
incorporation) if: (a) the corporation will survive the merger, (b)
the articles of incorporation of the surviving corporation will not
differ, except for certain amendments that Florida law permits the
board of directors to adopt without shareholder approval, from the
articles of incorporation before the merger, and (c) each
shareholder of the surviving corporation whose shares were
outstanding immediately prior to the date of the merger will hold
the same number of shares with the same rights. Similarly, Nevada
law does not require a stockholder vote of the surviving
corporation in a merger (unless the corporation provides otherwise
in its articles of incorporation) if: (a) the merger agreement does
not amend the existing articles of incorporation of the surviving
corporation; (b) each share of stock of the surviving corporation
outstanding immediately before the effective date of the merger is
an identical outstanding share after the merger; and (c) either no
shares of common stock of the surviving corporation and no shares,
securities or obligations convertible into such stock are to be
issued or delivered under the plan of merger, or the authorized
unissued shares or shares of common stock of the surviving
corporation to be issued or delivered under the plan of merger plus
those initially issuable upon conversion of any other shares,
securities or obligations to be issued or delivered under such plan
do not exceed twenty percent (20%) of the shares of common stock of
such constituent corporation outstanding immediately prior to the
effective date of the merger.
REASONS FOR THE
INCREASE IN AUTHORIZED SHARES
Overview
After the Conversion becomes effective, our board of directors may
authorize, without further shareholder approval, the issuance of up
to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, 735,000,000 shares of
Class A Common Stock or 15,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock,
less the number then issued, outstanding, or otherwise reserved for
issuance, to such persons, for such consideration, and upon such
terms as the board of directors determines. The rights, preferences
and privileges of, and the restrictions on, the Class A Common
Stock and Class B Common Stock are set forth in full in the text of
the Biostax articles of incorporation attached hereto as Exhibit
B. Such issuance could result in a significant dilution of the
voting rights and the stockholders’ equity of then existing
shareholders.
There are no present plans, understandings or agreements, and we
are not engaged in any negotiations that will involve the issuance
of capital stock. However, the Board believes it prudent to have
shares of Class B Common Stock and preferred stock available for
such corporate purposes as the Board may from time to time deem
necessary and advisable including, without limitation,
acquisitions, the raising of additional capital and assurance of
flexibility of action in the future.
Potential dilution
If the Board issues an additional class of voting for less than
fair value, the value of your interest in the Company will be
diluted. The Company has no present intention to issue any
additional class of voting securities.
REMOVAL OF
DIRECTORS
The majority of shareholders executed and delivered a written
consent in lieu of a shareholders meeting, dated December 16, 2022
(the “Written Consent”). The shareholders executed and
delivered the Written Consent to the Company which adopted
resolutions providing for the removal of Mr. Phelps and Dr. Moore
from their respective positions as directors of the Company.
Pursuant to the FBCA and the Company bylaws, any action permitted
or required to be taken at a meeting of the stockholders may be
taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the
action so taken, shall be signed by a majority of the stockholders
of the capital stock of our company entitled to vote with respect
to the subject matter thereof, except that if a different
proportion of voting power is required for such an action at a
meeting, then that proportion of written consents is required.
Pursuant to Section 607.0808 of the FBCA, any director may be
removed as a director by the vote of stockholders representing a
majority of the voting power of the issued and outstanding stock
entitled to vote. Holders of shares of our common stock are
entitled to one (1) vote per share. As of December 16, 2022, there
were 83,045,857 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, of
which 44,727,158 shares voted to approve the removal of Mr. Phelps
and Dr. Moore.
The Written Consent is sufficient under the FBCA to approve the
removal of Mr. Phelps and Dr. Moore from the Board. Accordingly,
their removal will not be submitted to the other stockholders of
the Company for a vote, and this Information Statement is being
furnished to such other stockholders to provide them with certain
information concerning the Written Consent in accordance with the
requirements of the Exchange Act, and the regulations promulgated
under the Exchange Act, including Regulation 14C.
DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS OF
OUR STOCKHOLDERS
Under Florida law, shareholders are not entitled to appraisal
rights in connection with the removal of Mr. Phelps and Dr. Moore
from our Board. Our shareholders are entitled, after complying with
certain requirements of Section 607.1301-607.1340 of the FBCA, to
dissent from the Conversion or any of the actions resulting from or
in connection with the Conversion, including the exchange ratio of
the Company’s common stock for Nevada common stock. A brief summary
of provisions of FBCA Sections 607.1301-607.1340 are set forth
below and the complete text of said Sections is attached as
Exhibit D.
Since the Conversion has been approved by the required vote of the
Company’s shareholders effective twenty (20) days from the mailing
of this Information Statement, each holder of shares of the
Company’s common stock who asserts dissenters’ rights, and who
follows the procedures set forth in Sections 607.1301-607.1340 of
the FBCA, will be entitled to have such holder’s shares of the
Company’s common stock purchased by the Company for cash at their
fair market value. The fair market value of shares of the Company’s
common stock will be determined as of the day before the first
announcement of the terms of the Conversion, which is the date of
mailing of this Information Statement, or [ ], 2022, excluding any
appreciation or depreciation in consequence of the Conversion.
A holder who wishes to exercise dissenters’ rights should deliver
such holder’s written demand to Immune Therapeutics, Inc., 2431
Aloma Ave., Suite 124, Winter Park, FL 32792, Attn: Cynthia
Douglas, Secretary, on or before 20 days after the date of mailing
of this Information Statement. The demand will be sufficient if it
reasonably informs the Company of the identity of the shareholder
and that the shareholder intends thereby to demand the appraisal of
such holder’s shares. Any shareholder who does not follow the
foregoing is not entitled to payment for such shareholder’s shares
under the FBCA.
In accordance with the regulations promulgated under the Exchange
Act, the authorization of the Conversion will not become effective
until twenty (20) days after the Company has mailed this
Information Statement to the shareholders of the Company.
Within 120 days after the effective date of the Conversion, any
shareholder who has complied with Sections 607.1301-607.1340 and
who is otherwise entitled to appraisal rights, may file a petition
in the Florida Court of Chancery demanding a determination of the
value of the stock of all such shareholders. At any time within 60
days after the effective date of the Conversion, any shareholder
shall have the right to withdraw such shareholder’s demand for
appraisal and to accept the terms offered upon the Conversion.
After determining the shareholders entitled to an appraisal, the
Court shall appraise the shares, determining their fair value
exclusive of any element of value arising from the accomplishment
or expectation of the Conversion, together with a fair rate of
interest, if any, to be paid upon the amount determined to be the
fair value. The Court shall direct the payment of the fair value of
the shares, together with interest, if any, by the surviving or
resulting corporation to the shareholders entitled thereto.
Interest may be simple or compound, as the Court may direct. The
costs of the proceeding may be determined by the Court and taxed
upon the parties as the Court deems equitable in the
circumstances.
The foregoing summary does not purport to provide comprehensive
statements of the procedures to be followed by a dissenting
shareholder who seeks payment of the fair value of such
shareholder’s shares of the Company’s common stock. Florida Law
establishes the procedures to be followed and failure to do so may
result in the loss of all dissenters’ rights. Accordingly, each
shareholder who might desire to exercise dissenters’ rights should
carefully consider and comply with the provisions of these sections
and consult such shareholder’s legal advisor.
THE COMPANY HAS RESERVED THE RIGHT TO ABANDON THE CONVERSION IF IT
DECIDES THAT THE NUMBER OF SHAREHOLDERS EXERCISING DISSENTERS’
RIGHTS EXCEEDS AN AMOUNT IT DEEMS ACCEPTABLE IN ITS SOLE AND
ABSOLUTE DISCRETION.
The discussion contained herein is qualified in its entirety by and
should be read in conjunction with the form of the Plan of
Conversion and the Company’s articles of incorporation, as
amended.
COMMUNICATIONS WITH RESPECT TO DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS SHOULD BE
ADDRESSED TO THE COMPANY, AT 2431 ALOMA AVE., SUITE 124, WINTER
PARK, FL 32792.
Upon filing a notice of election to dissent a dissenting
shareholder will cease to have any of the rights of a shareholder
except the right to be paid the fair value of his Company Stock
pursuant to the FBCA. If a shareholder loses such shareholder’s
dissenters’ rights, either by withdrawal of such shareholder’s
demand, abandonment of the Conversion by the Company or otherwise,
such shareholder will not have the right to receive a cash payment
for such shareholder’s Company Stock and will be reinstated to all
of such shareholder’s rights as a shareholder as they existed at
the time of the filing of such shareholder’s demand.
THE PROVISIONS OF FLORIDA LAW SECTIONS 607.1301-607.1340 ARE
TECHNICAL AND COMPLEX. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT ANY SHAREHOLDER WHO
DESIRES TO EXERCISE RIGHTS TO DISSENT CONSULT LEGAL COUNSEL, AS
FAILURE TO COMPLY STRICTLY WITH SUCH PROVISIONS MAY LEAD TO A LOSS
OF DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS.
BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP
OF SECURITIES AND SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT
The following table and footnotes thereto sets forth information
regarding the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned
as of December 16, 2022 by (i) each director and named executive
officer of the Company, (ii) each person known by us to be the
beneficial owner of 5% or more of its issued and outstanding shares
of common stock, and (iii) all named executive officers and
directors of the Company as a group. The Company has only one class
of stock, common stock, and each share of common stock is entitled
to one (1) vote.
In calculating any percentage in the following table of common
stock beneficially owned by one or more persons named therein, the
following table assumes 83,045,857 shares of common stock issued
and outstanding. Unless otherwise further indicated in the
following table, the persons and entities named in the following
table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to
the shares set forth opposite the shareholder’s name, subject to
community property laws, where applicable. Unless as otherwise
indicated in the following table and/or the footnotes thereto, the
address of each person beneficially owning in excess of 5% of the
outstanding common stock named in the following table is 2431 Aloma
Ave., Suite 124, Winter Park, FL 32792:
Title of Class |
|
Name and Address of
Beneficial Owner (1) |
|
Nature of Beneficial
Ownership |
|
Number of
Shares of
Common
Stock(2) |
|
|
Percent of
Common
Stock |
|
Common Stock |
|
Kelly
Wilson(3) |
|
Interim Chief Operating
Officer, Interim President, and Chief Operating Officer |
|
|
15,609,698 |
|
|
|
18.80 |
% |
Common Stock |
|
Louis Salomonsky(4) |
|
Director |
|
|
12,168,900 |
|
|
|
14.65 |
% |
Common Stock |
|
Robert Wilson(5) |
|
Director |
|
|
3,697,447 |
|
|
|
4.45 |
% |
Common Stock |
|
Kevin
Phelps |
|
Director and Former Chief Executive
Officer |
|
|
2,500,200 |
|
|
|
3.01 |
% |
Common Stock |
|
Dr. Roscoe
Moore |
|
Director and Chairman of the
Board |
|
|
2,175 |
|
|
|
*
% |
|
All Officers and Directors as a
group (total of six)(6) |
|
|
44,736,403 |
|
|
|
53.86 |
% |
5% Beneficial Holders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
Noreen Griffin(6) |
|
|
|
|
10,757,983 |
|
|
|
12.95 |
% |
Common Stock |
|
Robert J.
Dailey |
|
|
|
|
5,640,060 |
|
|
|
6.57 |
% |
(1) |
Under Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act, a
beneficial owner of a security includes any person who, directly or
indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding,
relationship, or otherwise has or shares: (i) voting power, which
includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of shares; and
(ii) investment power, which includes the power to dispose or
direct the disposition of shares. Certain shares may be deemed to
be beneficially owned by more than one person (if, for example,
persons share the power to vote or the power to dispose of the
shares). In addition, shares are deemed to be beneficially owned by
a person if the person has the right to acquire the shares (for
example, upon exercise of an option) within 60 days of the date as
of which the information is provided. In computing the percentage
ownership of any person, the amount of shares outstanding is deemed
to include the amount of shares beneficially owned by such person
(and only such person) by reason of these acquisition rights. As a
result, the percentage of outstanding shares of any person as shown
in the above table does not necessarily reflect the person’s actual
ownership or voting power with respect to the number of shares of
common stock actually outstanding on the date of this
report. |
(2) |
The percentages are calculated using 83,045,857
outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock on December 16,
2022, as adjusted pursuant to Rule 13d-3(d)(1)(i). Pursuant to Rule
13d-3(d)(1) of the Exchange Act, shares beneficially owned by a
person or group includes shares of common stock that such person or
group has the right to acquire within 60 days of December 16, 2022,
which includes, but is not limited to, (i) shares subject to
exercisable options or options exercisable within 60 days of
December 16, 2022 (ii) shares subject to convertible notes or
convertible notes convertible within 60 days of December 16, 2022,
and (iii) shares subject to RSUs or performance share awards that
will vest within 60 days of December 16, 2022. |
(3) |
Consists of (i) 500 shares held directly by Ms.
Wilson, (ii) 1,200 warrants exercisable into shares of common stock
held directly Ms. Wilson, (ii) 15,607,998 shares held by Murphy
Advisors, Inc., of which Kelly Wilson is the sole beneficial
owner. |
(4) |
Consists of (i) 20 shares of common stock held
directly and (ii) 12,168,880 shares of common stock held by H.
Louis Salomonsky Revocable Trust, of which Louis Salomonsky
is the sole beneficial
owner. |
(5) |
Consists of (i) 3,696,947 shares of common stock
held through Pixelheads Inc., (formerly, Webfoot Marketing, Inc.),
of which Robert Wilson is the
sole beneficial owner and (ii) 500 shares of common stock
issuable upon the exercise of warrants. |
(6) |
Noreen Griffin, Vice President is not a named
executive officer. The shares of common stock beneficially owned by
Noreen Griffin consist of (i) 429 shares held directly, (ii) 6,420
warrants exercisable into shares of common stock held directly by
Ms. Griffin, (iii) 10,747,344 shares held by Global
Reverb Corporation, of whose shares Noreen Griffin is the sole
beneficial owner, (iv) 2,685 shares held by the Griffin Family
Trust, of whose shares Noreen Griffin is the sole beneficial owner,
(v) 705 shares held by Griffin Enterprises Group LLC, of whose
shares Noreen Griffin is the sole beneficial owner, and (vi) 400
shares held by IMUN For Healthy Animals LLC, of whose shares Noreen
Griffin is the sole beneficial owner. Her beneficially owned shares
are included in the total for all officers and directors as a
group. |
DIRECTOR AND EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
The following table sets forth information concerning the annual
and long-term compensation of our named executive officers as
defined by Item 402(m) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the
Exchange Act, include (i) the Company’s principal executive officer
and individuals acting in a similar capacity during fiscal year
2021, regardless of compensation level; (ii) the Company’s two most
highly compensated executive officers other than the principal
executive officer who were serving as executive officers at the end
of fiscal year 2021; and (iii) up to two additional individuals who
would have been included under (ii) above but for the fact that the
applicable individual was not serving as an executive officer of
the Company at the end of fiscal year 2021. The following table
sets forth information concerning all cash and non-cash
compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to the named persons for
services rendered in all capacities during the noted
periods. No other executive officers received total annual
salary and bonus compensation in excess of $100,000.
Name and Principal Position |
|
Year |
|
Salary |
|
|
Bonus |
|
|
Stock Awards |
|
|
Option Awards |
|
|
All Other Compensation |
|
|
Total ($) |
|
Kevin Phelps, Former |
|
2021 |
|
$ |
240,000 |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
240,000 |
|
Chief Executive Officer,
Chief Financial Officer, and President |
|
2020 |
|
$ |
160,000 |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
160,000 |
|
(1) |
Kevin
Phelps became Chief Executive Officer on April 29, 2020 at which
time he agreed to defer payment of his of salary until the Company
had sufficient income to pay the compensation in cash. At December
31, 2021, the salary deferred for Mr. Phelps was $400,000. In 2021
and 2020, no stock compensation awards were issued to Mr.
Phelps. On July 19,
2022, Mr. Phelps’s employment with the Company, including his
service as the President, Chief Executive Officer, and Chief
Financial Officer of the Company, was concluded. On that date, Mr.
Phelps entered into a separation and release agreement (the
“Separation Agreement”) with the Company pursuant to which he
resigned his employment with the Company effective July 18, 2022.
See “Director and Executive Compensation – Employment Agreements”
for further information regarding the Separation
Agreement. |
Employment Agreements
Currently, we have no existing written employment agreement with
any of our executive officers.
On April 29, 2020, we entered into an employment agreement with
Kevin Phelps, our former Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, setting forth the terms of Mr. Phelps’s
employment. Pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement, we
agreed to pay Mr. Phelps an annual base salary of $240,000. Mr.
Phelps was also eligible to receive a salary increase of 20% for
his second year of employment and a salary increase of 15% for his
third year of employment. Mr. Phelps also had the opportunity to
receive a discretionary bonus of up to 33% based on the achieved
milestones and goals. Mr. Phelps was entitled to employment
benefits, including healthcare, dental, life insurance, and any
other benefits offered to the Company’s employees. Mr. Phelps’s
agreement provided for a three-year term, but could be terminated
by the Board. Pursuant to the employment agreement, if we
terminated Mr. Phelps’s employment after March 30, 2021, he would
need to receive three months of written notice, and he was entitled
to six months of base compensation and vesting of equity, benefits,
and payments of past due compensation. The employment agreement
contains customary confidentiality provisions.
On July 19, 2022, we entered into a separation agreement and
release with Mr. Phelps providing for the separation of his
employment effective as of July 18, 2022. Under the separation
agreement, we agreed, subject to Mr. Phelps’s compliance with each
and every provision of the separation agreement, to pay Mr. Phelps
a severance payment of three convertible promissory notes, that in
the aggregate, have a principal amount of $400,000.
The separation agreement also includes a customary
release of claims by Mr. Phelps in favor of the Company and its
affiliates, as well as customary confidentiality and mutual
non-disparagement provisions. Mr. Phelps’s resignation was not due
to any disagreement with the Company on any matter relating to its
operation, policies (including accounting or financial policies),
or practices.
Two of the notes are for a principal amount of $100,000 each. The
third note is for a principal amount of $200,000. Each of the three
notes: (a) matures on July 19, 2023, with the Company having the
option to extend the maturity date by six months (b) carries a six
percent (6.00%) per annum simple interest rate; (c) provides that,
if converted by the holder in accordance with its terms, the
Company shall issue a number of shares of common stock in the
Company to the holder of the note equal to (i) the principal amount
of the note divided by (ii) $0.05, subject to certain equitable
adjustments; and (d) requires the note holder to notify the Company
in writing by 11:59 p.m. on July 22, 2022, the expiration of the
conversion provision in each note; of its intent to exercise its
conversion right. If converted into shares of common stock, each of
the three notes prohibits the note holder, without the prior
written consent of the Company, from selling, pledging, or
otherwise transferring such shares for one year from their date of
issuance, except that up to 5% of the shares may be sold, pledged,
or otherwise transferred during three of every four calendar
quarters during the 18-month period following the issuance date of
the converted Note. Mr. Phelps converted one note with a principal
amount of $200,000 into 2,500,000 shares of common stock, and has
two non-convertible notes outstanding, with principal amounts of
$100,000 each, as such notes were not converted prior to the
expiration of the conversion option.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
No executive officer named above had any unexercised options, stock
that has not vested or equity incentive plan awards outstanding as
of December 31, 2021.
Additional Narrative Disclosure
Retirement Benefits
We have not maintained, and do not currently maintain, a defined
benefit pension plan, nonqualified deferred compensation plan or
other retirement benefits.
Summary Director Compensation Table
The following table shows information regarding the compensation
earned or paid during 2021 to directors who served on the Board
during the year.
Name and Principal Position |
|
Year |
|
Fees Paid
or
Earned in
Cash ($) |
|
|
Stock
Awards
($) |
|
|
Option
Awards
($) |
|
|
Non-Equity
Incentive
Plan
Compensation |
|
|
Non-Qualified
Incentive
Plan
Compensation |
|
|
All
Other
Compensation ($) |
|
|
Total ($) |
|
Kevin Phelps |
|
2020 |
|
$ |
60,000 |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
60,000 |
|
Director |
|
2021 |
|
$ |
60,000 |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
60,000 |
|
Dr. Roscoe Moore, |
|
2020 |
|
$ |
60,000 |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
60,000 |
|
Director, Chairman of the Board |
|
2021 |
|
$ |
60,000 |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
-0- |
|
|
$ |
60,000 |
|
During 2021 and 2020, all members of the Board who were not our
employees earned an annual retainer of $60,000 per year, payable
monthly in arrears. No payments were made on these retainers in
2021 or in 2020. Non-employee directors were eligible to receive
stock or warrants upon their appointment to the Board. Certain
members of the Board were also entitled to receive quarterly or
annual payment of Company shares or warrants to acquire shares for
their services. We do not currently have minimum stock ownership
guidelines for non-employee directors.
We reimburse non-employee directors for actual out-of-pocket costs
incurred to attend board meetings. No additional compensation is
paid for attendance in person or by telephone at board
meetings.
DELINQUENT SECTION
16(A) REPORTS
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers,
directors and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of any
class of equity securities to file reports of their beneficial
ownership and changes in ownership and furnish us with copies of
all Section 16(a) forms they file.
Based solely upon our review of the Section 16(a) filings that have
been furnished to us and representations by our directors and
executive officers (where applicable), we believe that all filings
required to be made under Section 16(a) during fiscal 2021 and
through the date of this filing, were timely made except as
follows: Based solely on our review of certain reports filed with
the SEC pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, or Section
16(a), the reports required to be filed pursuant to Section 16(a)
during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 or in prior years,
were not timely filed by the following persons: Kelly Wilson, the
current Interim Chief Executive Officer, Interim President and
Chief Operating Officer, did not file a timely Form 3 and has not
filed a Schedule 13D; Henry Louis Salomonsky, a director, did not
file a timely Form 3; Robert Wilson, a director and Executive Vice
President, has not filed a Form 3; Stephen Wilson, a former
director and a former Chief Executive Officer and President, has
not filed a Form 3; Glen Farmer, our Chief Financial Officer, did
not file a timely Form 3; Kevin Phelps, a director and former Chief
Executive Officer has not filed a Form 3; Roscoe Moore, a director
has not filed a Form 3; Cynthia Douglas, a former executive officer
has not filed a Form 3.
Pursuant to SEC rules, we are not required to disclose in this
filing any failure to timely file a Section 16(a) report that has
been disclosed by us in a prior annual report or proxy
statement.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
There were no outstanding equity awards at our most recent fiscal
year end.
DEFENSES AGAINST
HOSTILE TAKEOVERS
The following discussion summarizes the reasons for, and the
operation and effects of, certain provisions in the articles of
incorporation of Biostax Corp. which management has identified as
potentially having an anti-takeover effect.
The anti-takeover provisions of the articles of incorporation of
Biostax Corp. are designed to minimize the possibility of a sudden
acquisition of control of the Company which has not been negotiated
with and approved by our Board. These provisions may tend to make
it more difficult to remove the incumbent members of the Board. The
provisions would not prohibit an acquisition of control of the
Company or a tender offer for all of our capital stock. However, to
the extent these provisions successfully discourage the acquisition
of control or tender offers for all or part of our capital stock
without approval of the Board, they may have the effect of
preventing an acquisition or tender offer which might be viewed by
stockholders to be in their best interests.
Tender offers or other non-open market acquisitions of stock are
usually made at prices above the prevailing market price. In
addition, acquisitions of stock by persons attempting to acquire
control through market purchases may cause the market price of the
stock to reach levels which are higher than would otherwise be the
case. Anti-takeover provisions may discourage such purchases,
particularly those of less than all of the outstanding capital
stock, and may thereby deprive stockholders of an opportunity to
sell their stock at a temporarily higher price. These provisions
may therefore decrease the likelihood that a tender offer will be
made that adversely affects those stockholders who would desire to
participate in a tender offer. These provisions may also serve to
insulate incumbent management from change and to discourage not
only sudden or hostile takeover attempts, but any attempts to
acquire control which are not approved by the board of directors,
whether or not stockholders deem such transactions to be in their
best interests.
Authorized Shares of Capital Stock
The articles of incorporation of Biostax Corp. authorize the
issuance of up to 750,000,000 shares of common stock, of which
735,000,000 shares may be Class A Common Stock and 15,000,000
shares may be Class B Common Stock, and 50,000,000 shares of blank
check preferred stock, without any action on the part of the
stockholders. Class A Common Stock is entitled to one (1) vote per
share on proposals requiring or requesting shareholder approval,
and Class B Common Stock is entitled to twenty (20) votes on any
such matter. A share of Class B Common Stock may be voluntarily
converted into a share of Class A Common Stock. A transfer of a
share of Class B Common Stock will result in its automatic
conversion into a share of Class A Common Stock upon such transfer,
subject to certain exceptions, including that the transfer of a
share of Class B Common Stock to another holder of Class B Common
Stock will not result in such automatic conversion. Class A Common
Stock is not convertible into Class B Common Stock. After the
Conversion, if the Board elects to issue shares of Class B Common
Stock, the holders will have 20 votes for every share held, and may
have more votes than all other stockholders combined. This
potential concentrated control may limit or preclude the ability of
others to influence corporate matters including significant
business decisions for the foreseeable future.
After the Conversion, shares of the authorized blank check
preferred stock of Biostax Corp. may be issued by us without
stockholder approval. We could designate and issue one or more
series of preferred stock containing super-voting provisions,
enhanced economic rights, rights to elect directors, or other
dilutive features, that could be utilized as part of a defense to a
takeover challenge. Such shares could represent an additional class
of stock required to approve any proposed acquisition. This
preferred stock could also represent additional capital stock
required to be purchased by an acquirer.
The existence of our authorized but unissued shares of common stock
and preferred stock could render it more difficult or discourage an
attempt to obtain control of the Company after the Conversion by
means of a proxy context, tender offer, merger or other transaction
since the Board will be able to issue large amounts of such capital
stock as part of a defense to a takeover challenge.
Removal of Directors
Florida law requires the vote of a majority of the outstanding
shares entitled to vote for the election of directors to remove
directors. Nevada law provides that any or all directors may be
removed only by the vote of two-thirds of the voting interests
entitled to vote for the election of directors. The Conversion may
make it more difficult for our shareholders to remove a member of
the board of directors because it increases the number of shares
that must be voted for removal.
Bylaws
In addition, various provisions of the bylaws of Biostax Corp. may
also have an anti-takeover effect. These provisions may delay,
defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a
stockholder might consider in such stockholder’s best interest,
including attempts that might result in a premium over the market
price for the shares held by our stockholders. After the
Conversion, the Board will have the power to adopt, amend or repeal
bylaws by a vote of not less than a majority of the directors,
subject to the adoption, amendment or repeal of bylaws by the
affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the
outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote for the
election of directors, and as otherwise provided under
Nevada law. The bylaws of Biostax Corp. also contain
limitations as to who may call special meetings as well as require
advance notice of stockholder matters to be brought at a meeting.
Additionally, the bylaws of Biostax Corp. also provide that no
director may be removed by less than a two-thirds vote of the
issued and outstanding shares entitled to vote on the removal. The
bylaws of Biostax Corp. also permit the board of directors to
establish the number of directors and fill any vacancies and newly
created directorships. After the Conversion, these provisions will
prevent a shareholder from increasing the size of the Board and
gaining control of the Board by filling the resulting vacancies
with its own nominees.
The bylaws of Biostax Corp. establish an advance notice procedure
for stockholder proposals to be brought before an annual meeting of
stockholders, including proposed nominations of persons for
election to the board of directors. Stockholders at an annual
meeting will only be able to consider proposals or nominations
specified in the notice of meeting or brought before the meeting by
or at the direction of the board of directors or by a stockholder
who was a stockholder of record on the record date for the meeting,
who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has given us timely
written notice, in proper form, of the stockholder’s intention to
bring that business before the meeting. Although the bylaws of
Biostax Corp. do not give the board of directors the power to
approve or disapprove stockholder nominations of candidates or
proposals regarding other business to be conducted at a special or
annual meeting, such bylaws may have the effect of precluding the
conduct of certain business at a meeting if the proper procedures
are not followed or may discourage or deter a potential acquirer
from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of
directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our
company.
Supermajority Voting Provisions
Nevada law provides generally that the affirmative vote of a
majority of the shares entitled to vote on any matter is required
to amend a corporation’s articles of incorporation or bylaws,
unless a corporation’s articles of incorporation or bylaws, as the
case may be, require a greater percentage. Although the articles of
incorporation and bylaws of Biostax Corp. do not currently provide
for such a supermajority vote on any matters, the board of
directors can amend its bylaws and, after the Conversion, the Board
will be able to, with the approval of our stockholders, amend our
articles of incorporation to provide for such a supermajority
voting provision.
Cumulative Voting
After the Conversion, the holders of our capital stock will not
have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. The
lack of cumulative voting makes it more difficult for other
shareholders to replace the board of directors or for a third party
to obtain control of a corporation by replacing its board of
directors.
Articles of Incorporation Opt-Out from Nevada Anti-Takeover
Statutes
Notwithstanding the above, pursuant to the articles of
incorporation of Biostax Corp., Biostax Corp. has elected not to be
governed by the terms and provisions of Nevada’s control share
acquisition laws (Nevada Revised Statutes 78.378 - 78.3793),
which prohibit an acquirer, under certain circumstances, from
voting shares of a corporation’s stock after crossing specific
threshold ownership percentages, unless the acquirer obtains the
approval of the issuing corporation’s stockholders. The first such
threshold is the acquisition of at least one-fifth but less than
one-third of the outstanding voting power.
In addition, pursuant to the articles of incorporation of Biostax
Corp., Biostax Corp. has also elected not to be governed by the
terms and provisions of Nevada’s combination with interested
stockholders statute (Nevada Revised Statutes 78.411 - 78.444),
which prohibits an “interested stockholder” from entering into a
“combination” with the corporation, unless certain conditions are
met. An “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with
affiliates and associates, beneficially owns (or within the prior
two years, did beneficially own) 10% or more of the corporation’s
voting stock, or otherwise has the ability to influence or control
such corporation’s management or policies.
As such, after the Conversion, these anti-takeover statutes will
not apply to the Company.
INTEREST OF CERTAIN
PERSONS
No director, executive officer, associate of any director or
executive officer or any other person has any substantial interest,
direct or indirect, by security holdings or otherwise, in the
Conversion or Removal which is not shared by all other holders of
the shares of our common stock.
GENERAL
INFORMATION
The Company will pay all costs associated with the distribution of
this Information Statement, including the costs of printing and
mailing. The Company will reimburse brokerage firms and other
custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for reasonable expenses
incurred by them in sending this Information Statement to the
beneficial owners of the Company’s common stock.
The Company will deliver only one Information Statement to multiple
security holders sharing an address unless the Company has received
contrary instructions from one or more of the security holders.
Upon written or oral request, the Company will promptly deliver a
separate copy of this Information Statement and any future annual
reports and information statements to any security holder at a
shared address to which a single copy of this Information Statement
was delivered, or deliver a single copy of this Information
Statement and any future annual reports and information statements
to any security holder or holders sharing an address to which
multiple copies are now delivered. You should direct any such
requests to the following address: Immune Therapeutics, Inc., 2431
Aloma Ave., Suite 124 Winter Park, FL 32792. The Secretary may also
be reached by telephone at (240) 744-7706.
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
We are subject to the information and reporting requirements of the
Exchange Act and in accordance with such Act we file periodic
reports, documents and other information with the Securities and
Exchange Commission relating to our business, financial statements
and other matters. Such reports and other information may be
inspected and are available for copying at the public reference
facilities of the Securities and Exchange Commission at 100 F
Street, N.E., Washington D.C. 20549 or may be accessed at
www.sec.gov.
|
By |
Order of the
Board of Directors |
|
|
/s/
Kelly Wilson |
|
|
Interim Chief Executive
Officer |
[ ],
2022 |
|
|
EXHIBIT A
Plan of Conversion
(See attached)
PLAN OF CONVERSION
OF
IMMUNE THERAPEUTICS, INC.
This Plan of Conversion (this “Plan of Conversion”) is
adopted as of [ ], 2022 to convert Immune Therapeutics, Inc., a
Florida corporation (the “Converting Entity”), to a Nevada
corporation to be known as “Biostax Corp.” (the “Converted
Entity”).
1. The Converted Entity shall be a corporation organized under the
laws of the State of Nevada.
2. The Converting Entity is a corporation organized under the laws
of the State of Florida.
3. The Converting Entity shall be converted to the Converted Entity
(the “Conversion”) pursuant to Section 92A.195 of the
Nevada Revised Statutes and Section 607.11930 of the Florida
Business Corporation Act.
4. At the Effective Time (as defined below), the name of the
Converted Entity shall be Biostax Corp.
5. At the Effective Time of the Conversion, each outstanding share
of the Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share of the Converting
Entity shall, by virtue of the Conversion and without any action on
the part of the holder thereof, be converted into one (1) share of
the Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the
Converted Entity such that each holder of Common Stock of the
Converting Entity will hold an equivalent number of shares of Class
A Common Stock of the Converted Entity at the Effective Time. At
and after the Effective Time, all of the outstanding certificates
that immediately prior thereto represented shares of Common Stock
of the Converting Entity shall be deemed for all purposes to
evidence ownership of and to represent the shares of Class A Common
Stock of the Converted Entity into which the shares represented by
such certificates have been converted as herein provided and shall
be so registered on the books and records of the Converted Entity
or its transfer agent.
6. At the Effective Time of the Conversion, the Converted Entity
will also authorize a class of Class B Common Stock, par value
$0.0001, with no shares converting to Class B Common Stock; and a
class of Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the
Converting entity, with no shares converting to Preferred Stock of
the Converting Entity.
7. At the Effective Time of the Conversion, all outstanding and
unexercised portions of each option, warrant and security
exercisable or convertible by its terms into the Class A Common
Stock of the Converting Entity (including convertible promissory
notes), whether vested or unvested, which is outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (each, a “Convertible
Security”) shall be deemed to constitute an option, warrant or
convertible security, as the case may be, to acquire the same
number of shares of the Class A Common Stock of the Converted
Entity as the holder of such Convertible Security would have been
entitled to receive had such holder exercised or converted such
Convertible Security in full immediately prior to the Effective
Time (not taking into account whether such Convertible Security was
in fact exercisable or convertible at such time), at the same
exercise/conversion price per share, and shall, to the extent
permitted by law and otherwise reasonably practicable, have the
same term, exercisability, vesting schedule, status and all other
material terms and conditions.
8. The Articles of Incorporation of the Converted Entity is
attached hereto as Exhibit A.
9. The Bylaws of the Converted Entity is attached hereto as
Exhibit B.
10. The officers of the Converting Entity shall, from time to time,
as and when requested by the Converted Entity, execute, and deliver
all such further documents and instruments and take such other
further actions necessary or desirable to carry out the intent and
purposes of this Plan of Conversion.
11. This Plan of Conversion shall become effective upon filing of
(a) duly executed Articles of Conversion and Articles of
Incorporation with the office of the Nevada Secretary of State and
(b) Articles of Conversion with the Florida Department of State,
Division of Corporations (the “Effective Time”).
12. This Plan of Conversion has been duly approved by the holders
of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of the Common
Stock of the Converting Entity entitled to vote thereon.
This Plan of Conversion has been adopted as of the date set forth
above.
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Immune Therapeutics, Inc. |
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By: |
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Name: |
Kelly O’Brien Wilson |
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Its: |
Interim Chief Executive Officer |
EXHIBIT B
Articles of Incorporation of Biostax Corp.
(See attached)


Officers Continued
Chief Strategy Officer: Robert Wilson, 3366 North Torrey Pines Ct,
Suite 220, La Jolla CA
92037
Vice President: Noreen Griffin, 3366 North Torrey Pines Ct, Suite
220, La Jolla CA
92037



ATTACHMENT TO
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
BIOSTAX CORP.
The Articles of Incorporation of BIOSTAX CORP. (the
“Corporation”) are hereby supplemented with the following
additions to Article 8 and additional Articles 10-14.
ARTICLE 8 - AUTHORIZED SHARES
The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the
Corporation shall have authority to issue is 800,000,000,
consisting of (a) 750,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.0001 par
value per share (“Common Stock”), of which (i) 735,000,000
shares shall be designated Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par value
per share (“Class A Common Stock”), and (ii) 15,000,000
shares shall be designated as Class B Common Stock, $0.0001 par
value per share (“Class B Common Stock”); and 50,000,000
shares of Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value per share
(“Preferred Stock”).
The Corporation shall have authority to issue the shares of
Preferred Stock in one or more series with such rights, preferences
and designations as determined by the Board of Directors of the
Corporation. Authority is hereby expressly granted to the Board of
Directors from time to time to issue Preferred Stock in one or more
series, and in connection with the creation of any such series, by
resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of the shares
thereof, to determine and fix such voting powers, full or limited,
or no voting powers, and such designations, preferences and
relative participating, optional or other special rights, and
qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including,
without limitation thereof, dividend rights, special voting rights,
conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation
preferences, as shall be stated and expressed in such resolutions,
all to the full extent now or hereafter permitted by the Nevada
Revised Statutes. Fully-paid stock of the Corporation shall not be
liable to any further call or assessment.
The following is a statement of the rights of the Common Stock of
the Corporation.
1. General. Except as expressly provided in this Article 8,
Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall have the same
rights and preferences and rank equally, share ratably and be
identical in all respects as to all matters.
2. Voting.
2.1 Class A Common. Each holder of Class A Common Stock
shall be entitled to one (1) votes for each share of Class A Common
Stock held as of the applicable date on any matter that is
submitted to a vote or for the consent of the stockholders of the
Corporation.
2.2 Class B Common. Each holder of Class B Common Stock
shall be entitled to twenty (20) votes for each share of Class B
Common Stock held as of the applicable date on any matter that is
submitted to a vote or for the consent of the stockholders of the
Corporation.
2.3 Class Voting. Except as otherwise provided herein or by
applicable law, the holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B
Common Stock shall at all times vote together as one class on all
matters (including the election of directors) submitted to a vote
or for the consent of the stockholders of the Corporation.
2.4 Increases or Decreases in Authorized Common Stock. The
number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or
decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then
outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of
capital stock of the Corporation representing a majority of the
votes represented by all outstanding shares of capital stock of the
Corporation entitled to vote and without a separate class vote of
the holders of each class of the Common Stock.
3. Conversion Rights. The holders of Class B Common Stock
shall have conversion rights as follows:
3.1 Right to Convert. Each share of Class B Common Stock
shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any
time after the date of issuance of such share, at the office of the
Corporation or any transfer agent for such stock, and without the
payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof, into one
(1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock.
3.2 Automatic Conversion. Each share of Class B Common Stock
shall automatically, without any further action, convert into one
(1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock upon
a Transfer (as defined below) of such share (a “Class B Common
Stock Automatic Conversion Event”); provided, however,
that if a holder of Class B Common Stock Transfers any shares of
Class B Common Stock to another holder of Class B Common Stock,
then such Transfer will not constitute a Class B Common Stock
Automatic Conversion Event. A “Transfer” of a share of Class
B Common Stock (collectively, “Transferred Stock”) shall
mean any sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance, hypothecation or
other transfer or disposition of such share or any legal or
beneficial interest in such share, whether or not for value and
whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law. A Transfer
shall also include, without limitation, a transfer of a share of
Transferred Stock to a broker or other nominee (regardless of
whether or not there is a corresponding change in beneficial
ownership), or the transfer of, or entering into a binding
agreement with respect to, the power (whether exclusive or shared)
to vote or direct the voting over a share of Transferred Stock by
proxy or otherwise; provided, however, that the following shall not
be considered a Transfer within the meaning of this Section
3.2:
(a) the granting of a proxy to officers or directors of the
Corporation at the request or approval of the Board of Directors of
the Corporation in connection with actions to be taken at an annual
or special meeting of stockholders or by written consent of
stockholders;
(b) the transfer of one or more shares of Transferred Stock by (i)
gift or pursuant to a domestic relations order from a holder of
Transferred Stock to such holder’s Immediate Family or (ii) to a
trust or trusts for the exclusive benefit of such holder or his
Immediate Family for no consideration;
(c) the transfer of one or more shares of Transferred Stock
effected pursuant to the holder’s will or the laws of intestate
succession;
(d) as to any holder that is a trust established for the exclusive
benefit of a prior holder of such shares of Transferred Stock or
such prior holder’s Immediate Family, the transfer of one or more
shares of Transferred Stock to the prior holder or such prior
holder’s Immediate Family for no consideration;
(e) the granting of a repurchase right to the Corporation pursuant
to an agreement wherein the Corporation has the right or option to
purchase or to repurchase shares of Transferred Stock; provided,
however, that the Corporation’s purchase or repurchase of such
shares of Transferred Stock pursuant to the exercise of such right
or option shall constitute a Transfer; or
(f) upon the request of the transferor, any transfer approved by a
majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors,
even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum, or
if there are not any disinterested members on the Board of
Directors, the entire Board of Directors.
For purposes hereof, “Immediate Family” means as to any
natural person, such person’s spouse or Spousal Equivalent, the
lineal descendant or antecedent, brother, sister, nephew or niece,
of such person or such person’s spouse or Spousal Equivalent, or
the spouse or Spousal Equivalent of any lineal descendant or
antecedent, brother, sister, nephew or niece of such person, or his
or her spouse or Spousal Equivalent, whether or not any of the
above are adopted and “Spousal Equivalent” means any two
natural persons if the relevant person and the related party are
registered as “domestic partners” or the equivalent thereof under
the laws of their state of residence or any other law having
similar effect or provided the following circumstances are true:
(1) irrespective of whether or not the relevant person and the
Spousal Equivalent are the same sex, they are the sole spousal
equivalent of the other for the last twelve (12) months, (2) they
intend to remain so indefinitely, (3) neither are married to anyone
else, (4) both are at least eighteen (18) years of age and mentally
competent to consent to contract, (5) they are not related by blood
to a degree of closeness that which would prohibit legal marriage
in the state in which they legally reside, (6) they are jointly
responsible for each other’s common welfare and financial
obligations, and (7) they reside together in the same residence for
the last twelve (12) months and intend to do so indefinitely.
3.3 Mechanics of Conversion.
3.3.1 Surrender of Certificates. Before any holder of Class
B Common Stock shall be entitled to convert shares of Class B
Common Stock into shares of Class A Common Stock, the holder shall
surrender the certificate or certificates therefor, if any, duly
endorsed, at the office of the Corporation or of any transfer agent
for the Common Stock or notify the Corporation or its transfer
agent that such certificates have been lost, stolen or destroyed
and execute an agreement satisfactory to the Corporation to
indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in
connection with such certificates, and shall give written notice to
the Corporation at its principal corporate office of the election
to convert the same; provided, however, that on the date of
a Class B Common Stock Automatic Conversion Event, the outstanding
shares of Class B Common Stock subject to such Class B Common Stock
Automatic Conversion Event shall be converted automatically without
any further action by the holder of such shares and whether or not
the certificates representing such shares are surrendered to the
Corporation or its transfer agent; provided further,
however, that the Corporation shall not be obligated to issue
certificates evidencing the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable
upon such Class B Common Stock Automatic Conversion Event unless
the certificates evidencing such shares of Class B Common Stock are
delivered to the Corporation or its transfer agent as provided
above, or the holder notifies the Corporation or its transfer agent
that such certificates have been lost, stolen or destroyed and
executes an agreement satisfactory to the Corporation to indemnify
the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection with
such certificates. Shares of Class B Common Stock that are
converted into shares of Class A Common Stock as provided herein
shall be cancelled and may not be reissued.
3.3.2 Conversion Date. In the event that a holder of Class B
Common Stock elects to convert such shares pursuant to Section 3.1
of this Article 8, the conversion shall be deemed to have been made
immediately prior to the close of business on the date of such
surrender of the shares of Class B Common Stock to be converted. In
the event of a Class B Common Stock Automatic Conversion Event,
such conversion shall be deemed to have been made at the time that
the Transfer of such shares occurred.
3.3.3 Status as Stockholder. On the date of a conversion
pursuant to this Section 3, all rights of the holder of the shares
of Class B Common Stock shall cease and the holder or holders in
whose name the certificate or certificates representing the shares
of Class A Common Stock are to be issued shall be treated for all
purposes as having become the record holder of such shares of Class
A Common Stock, notwithstanding that the certificates representing
such shares of Class B Common Stock shall not have been surrendered
at the office of the Corporation, that notice from the Corporation
shall not have been received by any holder of record of shares of
Class B Common Stock, or that the certificates evidencing such
shares of Class A Common Stock shall not then be actually delivered
to such holder.
3.4 Administration. The Corporation may, from time to time,
establish such policies and procedures relating to the conversion
of Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock and the general
administration of this dual class Common Stock structure, including
the issuance of stock certificates with respect thereto, as it may
deem necessary or advisable, and may request that holders of shares
of Class B Common Stock furnish affidavits or other proof to the
Corporation as it deems necessary to verify the ownership of Class
B Common Stock and to confirm that a conversion to Class A Common
Stock has not occurred; provided, however, that such
policies and procedures shall not inhibit the ability of a holder
to convert such shares of Class B Common Stock to Class A Common
Stock. A determination by the Secretary of the Corporation that a
Transfer results in a conversion to Class A Common Stock shall be
conclusive.
3.5 Reservation of Stock Issuable Upon Conversion. The
Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of
its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock, solely
for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the shares of the
Class B Common Stock, such number of its shares of Class A Common
Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the
conversion of all outstanding shares of such Class B Common Stock;
and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of
Class A Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the
conversion of all then outstanding shares of such Class B Common
Stock, in addition to such other remedies as shall be available to
the holder of such Class B Common Stock, the Corporation will take
such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be
necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Class A
Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for
such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in best
efforts to obtain the requisite stockholder approval of any
necessary amendment to these Articles of Incorporation.
3.6 Notices. Any notice required by the provisions of this
Section 3 to be given to the holders of shares of Common Stock
shall be deemed given if deposited in the United States mail,
postage prepaid, and addressed to each holder of record at his
address appearing on the books of the Corporation.
3.7 Status of Converted Stock. In the event any shares of
Class B Common Stock shall be converted pursuant to this Section 3,
the shares of Class B Common Stock so converted shall be cancelled
and shall not be issuable by the Corporation.
ARTICLE 10 - AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS
The Board of Directors of the Corporation shall have the power to
make, alter, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation, except
to the extent that the Bylaws otherwise provide.
ARTICLE 11 - INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
The Corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or
is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such
person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or who
is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director
or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture,
trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys’
fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and
reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the action,
suit or proceeding, to the full extent permitted by the Nevada
Revised Statutes as such statutes may be amended from time to
time.
ARTICLE 12 - LIABILITY OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
No director or officer shall be personally liable to the
Corporation or any of its stockholders for damages for any breach
of fiduciary duty as a director or officer; provided,
however, that the foregoing provision shall not eliminate or
limit the liability of a director or officer (i) for acts or
omissions which involve intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing
violation of law, or (ii) for the payment of dividends in violation
of Section 78.300 of the Nevada Revised Statutes. Any repeal or
modification of this Article 12 by the stockholders of the
Corporation shall be prospective only, and shall not adversely
affect any limitation of the personal liability of a director of
officer of the Corporation for acts or omissions prior to such
repeal or modification.
ARTICLE 13 - ACQUISITION OF CONTROLLING INTEREST
The Corporation elects not to be governed by the terms and
provisions of Sections 78.378 through 78.3793, inclusive, of the
Nevada Revised Statutes, as the same may be amended, superseded, or
replaced by any successor section, statute, or provision. No
amendment to these Articles of Incorporation, directly or
indirectly, by merger or consolidation or otherwise, having the
effect of amending or repealing any provision of this Article 13
shall apply to or have any effect on any transaction involving
acquisition of control by any person occurring prior to such
amendment or repeal.
ARTICLE 14 - COMBINATIONS WITH INTERESTED STOCKHOLDERS
The Corporation elects not to be governed by the terms and
provisions of Sections 78.411 through 78.444, inclusive, of the
Nevada Revised Statutes, as the same may be amended, superseded, or
replaced by any successor section, statute, or provision. No
amendment to these Articles of Incorporation, directly or
indirectly, by merger or consolidation or otherwise, having the
effect of amending or repealing any provision of this Article 14
shall apply to or have any effect on any transaction with an
interested stockholder occurring prior to such amendment or
repeal.
EXHIBIT C
Bylaws of Biostax Corp.
(See attached)
BYLAWS
OF
Biostax
Corp.
Adopted on ____, 2022
article I
OFFICES
1.1 Registered
Office. The registered office and registered agent of
Biostax Corp. (the “Corporation”) shall be as from time to
time set forth in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation.
1.2 Other
Offices. The Corporation may also have offices at such
other places, both within and without the State of Nevada, as the
Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business
of the Corporation may require.
article II
STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
2.1 Place of
Meetings. Meetings of stockholders may be held at such
time and place, within or without the State of Nevada, as shall be
stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of
notice thereof. Stockholders and certain other persons permitted by
the Corporation to attend a meeting of stockholders may participate
in the meeting through remote communication, including, without
limitation, electronic communications, videoconferencing,
teleconferencing or other available technology, if the Corporation
has implemented reasonable measures to (a) verify the identity of
each person participating through such means as a stockholder or
permitted person and (b) provide the stockholders a reasonable
opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters
submitted to the stockholders, including an opportunity to
communicate, and to read or hear the proceedings of the meetings in
a substantially concurrent manner with such proceedings.
2.2 Annual
Meeting.
(a) The annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, for
the purpose of election of directors and for such other business as
may lawfully come before it, shall be held on such date and at such
time as may be designated from time to time by the Board of
Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of
Directors of the Corporation and the proposal of business to be
considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of
stockholders: (i) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting
of stockholders; (ii) by or at the direction of the Board of
Directors; or (iii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a
stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice provided for
in the following paragraph, who is entitled to vote at the meeting
and who complied with the notice procedures set forth in this
Section.
(b) At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business
shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the
meeting. For nominations or other business to be properly brought
before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (iii)
of paragraph (a) of this Section, (i) the stockholder must have
given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the
Corporation, (ii) such other business must be a proper matter for
stockholder action under the Nevada Revised Statues, (iii) if the
stockholder, or the beneficial owner on whose behalf any such
proposal or nomination is made, has provided the Corporation with a
Solicitation Notice (as defined in this Section), such stockholder
or beneficial owner must, in the case of a proposal, have delivered
a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at least the
percentage of the Corporation’s voting shares required under
applicable law to carry any such proposal, or, in the case of a
nomination or nominations, have delivered a proxy statement and
form of proxy to holders of a percentage of the Corporation’s
voting shares reasonably believed by such stockholder or beneficial
owner to be sufficient to elect the nominee or nominees proposed to
be nominated by such stockholder, and must, in either case, have
included in such materials the Solicitation Notice, and (iv) if no
Solicitation Notice relating thereto has been timely provided
pursuant to this Section, the stockholder or beneficial owner
proposing such business or nomination must not have solicited a
number of proxies sufficient to have required the delivery of such
a Solicitation Notice under this Section. To be timely, a
stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary by
registered mail at the principal executive offices of the
Corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth
(90th) day nor earlier than the close of business on the one
hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to the first anniversary of the
preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the
event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced more than
thirty (30) days prior to or delayed by more than thirty (30) days
after the anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting,
notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received (i) not
earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth
(120th) day prior to the currently proposed annual meeting and not
later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth
(90th) day prior to such annual meeting or (ii) by the tenth (10th)
business day following the day on which public announcement of the
date of such meeting is first made, whichever of (i) or (ii) occurs
first. In the event that an annual meeting has not been previously
held, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received
not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) business
day following the day on which public announcement of the date of
such meeting is first made. In no event shall the public
announcement of an adjournment of an annual meeting commence a new
time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described
above. Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth: (A) as to each
person whom the stockholder proposed to nominate for election or
reelection as a director all information relating to such person
that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for
election of directors in an election contest, or is otherwise
required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”)
and Rule 14a-4(d) thereunder (including such person’s written
consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to
serving as a director if elected); (B) as to any other business
that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief
description of the business desired to be brought before the
meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting
and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and
the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made;
and (C) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial
owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made
(i) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the
Corporation’s books, and of such beneficial owner, (ii) the class
and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned
beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial
owner, and (iii) whether either such stockholder or beneficial
owner intends to deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to
holders of, in the case of the proposal, at least the percentage of
the Corporation’s voting shares required under applicable law to
carry the proposal or, in the case of a nomination or nominations,
a sufficient number of holders of the Corporation’s voting shares
to elect such nominee or nominees (an affirmative statement of such
intent, a “Solicitation Notice”).
(c) Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of paragraph
(b) of this Section to the contrary, in the event that the number
of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors of the
Corporation is increased and there is no public announcement naming
all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the
increased Board of Directors made by the Corporation at least one
hundred (100) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding
year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this
Section shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to
nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it
shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive
offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on
the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such
public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
(d) Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the
procedures set forth in this Section shall be eligible to serve as
directors and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of
stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in
accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section. Except as
otherwise provided by law, the chairman of the meeting shall have
the power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any
business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made, or
proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set
forth in these Bylaws and, if any proposed nomination or business
is not in compliance with these Bylaws, to declare that such
defective proposal or nomination shall not be presented for
stockholder action at the meeting and shall be disregarded.
(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section, in
order to include information with respect to a stockholder proposal
in the proxy statement and form of proxy for a stockholders’
meeting, stockholders must provide notice as required by the
regulations promulgated under the 1934 Act. Nothing in these Bylaws
shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request
inclusion of proposals in the Corporation proxy statement pursuant
to Rule 14a-8 under the 1934 Act.
(f) For purposes of this Section, “public announcement” shall mean
disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News
Service, Associated Press, Accesswire, Market Wire or comparable
national news service or in a document publicly filed by the
Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to
Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act.
2.3 Special
Meetings. Special meetings of the stockholders, for any
purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by law, by the
Articles of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, may be called by the
Chief Executive Officer or the President, or shall be called by the
President or Secretary at the request in writing of a majority of
the Board of Directors or at the request in writing of the holders
of at least 30% of all the shares issued, outstanding and entitled
to vote. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the
proposed meeting. Business transacted at all special meetings shall
be confined to the purposes stated in the notice of the meeting
unless all stockholders entitled to vote are present and
consent.
2.4 Notice of
Meetings. Written notice stating (a) the date and time of the
meeting, (b) the means of remote communication, if any, by which
stockholders and proxies shall be deemed to be present in person
and vote at the meeting, (c) unless the meeting is to be held
solely by remote communication, the physical location of the
meeting, and (d) except in the case of the annual meeting, the
purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, must be
delivered personally, mailed postage prepaid or delivered as
provided in Section 7.1 to each stockholder of record
entitled to vote at the meeting not less than ten (10) nor more
than sixty (60) days before the meeting. If mailed, it must be
directed to the stockholder at his or her address as it appears
upon the records of the Corporation.
2.5 Quorum;
Adjournment. At all meetings of the stockholders, the presence
in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the shares
issued and outstanding and entitled to vote shall be necessary and
sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business,
except as otherwise provided by law, by the Articles of
Incorporation or by these Bylaws. If a meeting of stockholders is
adjourned, notice of the following information need not be
delivered if the information is announced at the meeting at which
the adjournment is taken: (a) the date and time of the adjourned
meeting; (b) the means of remote communication, if any, by which
stockholders and proxies shall be deemed to be present in person
and vote at the adjourned meeting; and (c) unless the adjourned
meeting is to be held solely by remote communication, the physical
location of the adjourned meeting. If a new record date is fixed
for an adjourned or postponed meeting, notice of the adjourned or
postponed meeting must be delivered to each stockholder of record
as of the new record date. At such adjourned meeting at which a
quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be
transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as
originally notified.
2.6 Voting. Each
outstanding share of the Corporation’s capital stock shall be
entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a
meeting of stockholders, except to the extent that the voting
rights of the shares of any class or classes are otherwise provided
by applicable law or the Articles of Incorporation. When a quorum
is present at any meeting of the Corporation’s stockholders, action
by the stockholders on a matter other than the election of
directors is approved if the number of votes cast in favor of the
action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the
action, unless the question is one upon which, by express provision
of law, the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a different
vote is required, in which case such express provision shall govern
and control the decision of such question. Voting for directors
shall be in accordance with Section 3.2 of these Bylaws.
2.7 Proxies. Each
stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to
express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a
meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such
stockholder by proxy. Without limiting the manner in which a
stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him
or her as proxy, a stockholder may sign a writing authorizing
another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy. Any copy,
communication by electronic transmission or other reliable
reproduction of the writing may be substituted for the original
writing for any purpose for which the original writing could be
used, if the copy, communication by electronic transmission or
other reproduction is a complete reproduction of the entire
original writing. Except as otherwise provided below, no such proxy
is valid after the expiration of six (6) months from the date of
its creation unless the stockholder specifies in it the length of
time for which it is to continue in force, which may not exceed
seven (7) years from the date of its creation. A proxy shall be
deemed irrevocable if the written authorization states that the
proxy is irrevocable, but is irrevocable only for as long as it is
coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an
irrevocable power. Unless otherwise provided in the proxy, a proxy
made irrevocable is revoked when the interest with which it is
coupled is extinguished, but the Corporation may honor the proxy
until notice of the extinguishment of the proxy is received by the
Corporation.
2.8 Record Date; Closing
Transfer Books. The Board of Directors may fix in
advance a record date for the purpose of determining stockholders
entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, such
record date to be not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60)
days prior to such meeting, or the Board of Directors may close the
stock transfer books for such purpose for a period of not less than
ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to such meeting. If a
record date for a meeting of stockholders is not fixed by the Board
of Directors, the record date is at the close of business on the
day before the day on which the first notice is given or, if notice
is waived, at the close of business on the day before the meeting
is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to
notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders applies to any
adjournment or postponement of the meeting unless the Board of
Directors fixes a new record date for the adjourned or postponed
meeting. The Board of Directors must fix a new record date if the
meeting is adjourned or postponed to a date more than 60 days later
than the meeting date set for the original meeting.
2.9 Action by
Consent. Any action required or permitted by law, the
Articles of Incorporation, or these Bylaws to be taken at a meeting
of the stockholders of the Corporation may be taken without a
meeting if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the
action so taken, shall be signed by stockholders holding at least a
majority of the voting power; provided that if a different
proportion of voting power is required for such an action at a
meeting, then that proportion of written consents is required.
article III
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
3.1 Management.
The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or
under the direction of the Board of Directors, who may exercise all
such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and
things as are not by law, the Articles of Incorporation, a
stockholders’ agreement or these Bylaws directed or required to be
exercised or done by the stockholders.
3.2 Qualification; Election;
Term. None of the directors need be a stockholder of the
Corporation or a resident of the State of Nevada. The directors
shall be elected by plurality vote at the annual meeting of the
stockholders, except as hereinafter provided, and each director
elected shall hold office until his successor shall be elected and
qualified.
3.3 Number. The
initial number of directors of the Corporation shall be two (2).
Thereafter, the number of directors of the Corporation shall be
fixed as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. No
decrease in the number of directors shall have the effect of
shortening the term of any incumbent director.
3.4 Resignation. Any
director may resign at any time by delivering his or her notice in
writing to the Secretary, such resignation to specify whether it
will be effective at a particular time, upon receipt by the
Secretary or at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. If no such
specification is made, it shall be deemed effective at the pleasure
of the Board of Directors.
3.5 Removal. Any
director may be removed either for or without cause only by the
affirmative vote of stockholders representing not less than
two-thirds of the voting power of the issued and outstanding stock
entitled to vote.
3.6 Vacancies.
All vacancies on the Board of Directors, including those caused by
an increase in the number of directors, may be filled by a majority
of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum. A director
elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term
of his predecessor in office.
3.7 Place of
Meetings. Meetings of the Board of Directors, regular or
special, may be held at such place within or without the State of
Nevada as may be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors.
The members of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof
may participate in a meeting of the Board or committee through
electronic communications, videoconferencing, teleconferencing or
other available technology if the Corporation has implemented
reasonable measures to (a) verify the identity of each person
participating through such means as a director or committee member,
as the case may be, and (b) provide the directors or committee
members a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and
to vote on matters submitted to the directors or committee members,
as the case may be, including an opportunity to communicate and to
read or hear the proceedings of the meeting in a substantially
concurrent manner with such proceedings.
3.8 Regular
Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may
be held without notice at such time and place as shall from time to
time be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors.
3.9 Special
Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may
be called by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief
Executive Officer or the President on oral or written notice to
each director, given either personally, by telephone, by telegram,
by mail, by facsimile or by e-mail at least forty-eight (48) hours
prior to the time of the meeting. Special meetings shall be called
by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary in
like manner and on like notice on the written request of any
director. Except as may be otherwise expressly provided by law, the
Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, neither the business to
be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any special meeting need to
be specified in a notice or waiver of notice.
3.10 Quorum and
Voting. At all meetings of the Board of Directors the
presence of a majority of the number of directors then in office
shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the
transaction of business, and the affirmative vote of at least a
majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is
a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may
be otherwise specifically provided by law, the Articles of
Incorporation or these Bylaws. If a quorum shall not be present at
any meeting of directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn
the meeting from time to time without notice other than
announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
3.11 Action by
Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at
any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without such a
meeting if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the
action so taken, is signed by all the members of the Board of
Directors.
3.12 Compensation of
Directors. Directors shall receive such compensation for
their services, and reimbursement for their expenses as the Board
of Directors, by resolution, shall establish; provided that nothing
herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from
serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving
compensation therefor.
3.14 Committees.
The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of
the whole Board, designate committees, each committee to consist of
one or more directors of the Corporation, which committees shall
have such power and authority and shall perform such functions as
may be provided in such resolution. Each committee, to the extent
provided in such resolution, shall have and may exercise all of the
authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the
business and affairs of the Corporation, except where action of the
full Board of Directors is required by statute or by the Articles
of Incorporation. Unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise
provide, regular meetings of the committee appointed pursuant to
this Section shall be held at such times and places as are
determined by the Board of Directors, or by any such committee, and
when notice thereof has been given to each member of such
committee, no further notice of such regular meetings need be given
thereafter. Special meetings of any such committee may be held at
any place which has been determined from time to time by such
committee, and may be called by any director who is a member of
such committee, upon notice to the members of such committee of the
time and place of such special meeting given in the manner provided
for the giving of notice to members of the Board of Directors of
the time and place of special meetings of the Board of Directors.
Notice of any special meeting of any committee may be waived in
writing at any time before or after the meeting and will be waived
by any director by attendance thereat, except when the director
attends such special meeting for the express purpose of objecting,
at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business
because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Unless
otherwise provided by the Board of Directors in the resolutions
authorizing the creation of the committee, a majority of the
authorized number of members of any such committee shall constitute
a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority
of those present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall
be the act of such committee.
article IV
OFFICERS
4.1 In General
4.2 The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board
of Directors and shall be a President, a Chief Financial Officer,
and a Secretary. The Board of Directors may also elect a Chairman
of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, one or more Vice
Presidents, Assistant Vice Presidents and Assistant Secretaries.
Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.
4.2 Subordinate
Officers. The Board of Directors may appoint or may empower the
Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or
the President to appoint, such other officers as the business of
the Corporation may require, each of whom shall hold office for
such period, have such authority and perform such duties as are
provided in these Bylaws or as the Board of Directors or such
delegate may from time to time determine.
4.3 Election and Term.
The Board of Directors, at its first meeting after each annual
meeting of stockholders, shall elect the officers, none of whom
need be a member of the Board of Directors. Each officer of the
Corporation shall hold office until his death, or his resignation
or removal from office, or the election and qualification of his
successor, whichever shall first occur.
4.4 Resignation.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving notice in writing or
by electronic transmission notice to the Board of Directors or to
the President or to the Secretary. Any such resignation shall be
effective when received by the person or persons to whom such
notice is given, unless a later time is specified therein, in which
event the resignation shall become effective at such later time.
Unless otherwise specified in such notice, the acceptance of any
such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any
resignation shall be without prejudice to the rights, if any, of
the Corporation under any contract with the resigning officer.
4.5 Removal. Any officer
or agent elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be
removed at any time, for or without cause, by the affirmative vote
of a majority of the whole Board of Directors, but such removal
shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the
person so removed. If the office of any officer becomes vacant for
any reason, the vacancy may be filled by the Board of
Directors.
4.6 Duties of
Officers.
(a) Chairman of the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the
Board of Directors, when present, shall preside at all meetings of
the stockholders and the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the
Board of Directors shall perform other duties commonly incident to
the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such
other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to
time.
(b) Chief Executive Officer. The powers and duties of the
Chief Executive Officer are: (a) to act as the general manager
and chief executive officer of the Corporation and, subject to the
direction of the Board of Directors, to have general supervision,
direction and control of the business and affairs of the
Corporation; (b) to preside at all meetings of the
stockholders and, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board of
Directors or if there is no Chairman of the Board of Directors, at
all meetings of the Board of Directors; (c) to call meetings
of the stockholders and meetings of the Board of Directors to be
held at such times and, subject to the limitations prescribed by
law or by these Bylaws, at such places as he or she shall deem
proper; and (d) to affix the signature of the Corporation to
all deeds, conveyances, mortgages, leases, obligations, bonds,
certificates and other papers and instruments in writing which have
been authorized by the Board of Directors or which, in the judgment
of the Chief Executive Officer, should be executed on behalf of the
Corporation, to sign certificates for shares of stock of the
Corporation, and, subject to the direction of the Board of
Directors, to have general charge of the property of the
Corporation and to supervise and control all officers, agents and
employees of the Corporation.
(c) President. The powers and duties of the President are:
(a) subject to the authority granted to the Chief Executive
Officer, if any, to act as the general manager of the Corporation
and, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, to have
general supervision, direction and control of the business and
affairs of the Corporation; (b) to preside at all meetings of
the stockholders and Board of Directors in the absence of the
Chairman of the Board of Directors and the Chief Executive Officer
or if there be no Chairman of the Board of Directors or Chief
Executive Officer; and (c) to affix the signature of the
Corporation to all deeds, conveyances, mortgages, leases,
obligations, bonds, certificates and other papers and instruments
in writing which have been authorized by the Board of Directors or
which, in the judgment of the President, should be executed on
behalf of the Corporation, to sign certificates for shares of stock
of the Corporation, and, subject to the direction of the Board of
Directors, to have general charge of the property of the
Corporation and to supervise and control all officers, agents and
employees of the Corporation. The President shall perform other
duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such
other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors
shall designate from time to time.
(d) Vice Presidents. The Vice Presidents may assume and
perform the duties of the President in the absence or disability of
the President or whenever the office of President is vacant. The
Vice Presidents shall perform other duties commonly incident to
their office and shall also perform such other duties and have such
other powers as the Board of Directors or the President shall
designate from time to time.
(e) Chief Financial Officer. The powers and duties of the
Chief Financial Officer are: (a) to supervise and control the
keeping and maintaining of adequate and correct accounts of the
Corporation’s properties and business transactions, including
accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements,
gains, losses, capital, surplus and shares; (b) to have the
custody of all funds, securities, evidences of indebtedness and
other valuable documents of the Corporation and, at his or her
discretion, to cause any or all thereof to be deposited for the
account of the Corporation with such depository as may be
designated from time to time by the Board of Directors; (c) to
receive or cause to be received, and to give or cause to be given,
receipts and acquittances for moneys paid in for the account of the
Corporation; (d) to disburse, or cause to be disbursed, all
funds of the Corporation as may be directed by the Chief Executive
Officer, the President or the Board of Directors, taking proper
vouchers for such disbursements; (e) to render to the
Chief Executive Officer, the President or to the Board of
Directors, whenever either may require, accounts of all
transactions as Chief Financial Officer and of the financial
condition of the Corporation; and (f) generally to do
and perform all such duties as pertain to such office and as may be
required by the Board of Directors or these Bylaws. The Chief
Financial may direct any Assistant Treasurer, or the Controller or
any Assistant Controller to assume and perform the duties of the
Treasurer in the absence or disability of the Chief Financial
Officer, and each Assistant Treasurer and each Controller and
Assistant Controller shall perform other duties commonly incident
to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have
such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive
Officer shall designate from time to time.
(f) Secretary. The powers and duties of the Secretary are:
(a) to keep a book of minutes at the principal executive
office of the Corporation, or such other place as the Board of
Directors may order, of all meetings of its directors and
stockholders, whether regular or special, the notice thereof given,
the names of those present at directors’ meetings, the number of
shares present or represented at stockholders’ meetings and the
proceedings thereof; (b) to keep the seal of the Corporation
and to affix the same to all instruments which may require it;
(c) to keep or cause to be kept at the principal executive
office of the Corporation, or at the office of the transfer agent
or agents, a record of the stockholders of the Corporation; (d) to
keep a supply of certificates for shares of the Corporation, to
fill in and sign all certificates issued or prepare the initial
transaction statement or written statements for uncertificated
shares, and to make a proper record of each such issuance, provided
that so long as the Corporation shall have one or more duly
appointed and acting transfer agents of the shares, or any class or
series of shares, of the Corporation, such duties with respect to
such shares shall be performed by such transfer agent or transfer
agents; (e) to transfer upon the share books of the
Corporation any and all shares of the Corporation, provided that so
long as the Corporation shall have one or more duly appointed and
acting transfer agents of the shares, or any class or series of
shares, of the Corporation, such duties with respect to such shares
shall be performed by such transfer agent or transfer agents; and
(f) to make service and publication of all notices that may be
necessary or proper and without command or direction from anyone.
The Secretary shall perform all other duties provided for in these
Bylaws and other duties commonly incident to the office and shall
also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the
Board of Directors shall designate from time to time. The Chief
Executive Officer may direct any Assistant Secretary to assume and
perform the duties of the Secretary in the absence or disability of
the Secretary, and each Assistant Secretary shall perform other
duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such
other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors
or the Chief Executive Officer shall designate from time to
time.
4.7 Divisional and Other
Officers Appointed by the Chief Executive Officer or President.
The Chief Executive Officer, or President if there is no Chief
Executive Officer, shall have the power, in the exercise of his or
her discretion, to appoint additional persons to hold positions and
titles such as vice president of a division of the Corporation or
president of a division of the Corporation, or similar such titles,
as the business of the Corporation may require, subject to such
limits in appointment power as the Board of Directors may
determine. The Board of Directors shall be advised of any such
appointment at a meeting of the Board of Directors, and the
appointment shall be noted in the minutes of the meeting. The
minutes shall clearly state that such persons are non-corporate
officers appointed pursuant to this Section. Each such appointee
shall have such title, shall serve in such capacity and shall have
such authority and perform such duties as the Chief Executive
Officer or President shall determine. Appointees may hold titles
such as “president” of a division or other group within the
Corporation, or “vice president” of a division or other group
within the Corporation. However, any such appointee, absent
specific election by the Board of Directors as an elected corporate
officer, (a) shall not be considered an officer elected by the
Board of Directors pursuant to this Article IV and shall not
have the executive powers or authority of corporate officers
elected pursuant to this Article IV and (b) shall be
empowered to represent himself or herself to third parties as a
divisional or group vice president or other title permitted, as
applicable, only, and shall be empowered to execute documents, bind
the Corporation or otherwise act on behalf of the Corporation only
as authorized by the Chief Executive Officer or the President or by
resolution of the Board of Directors.
4.8 Salaries. The
salaries of all officers and agents of the Corporation shall be
fixed by the Board of Directors or any committee of the Board, if
so authorized by the Board.
4.9 Employment and Other
Contracts. The Board of Directors may authorize any
officer or officers or agent or agents to enter into any contract
or execute and deliver any instrument in the name or on behalf of
the Corporation, and such authority may be general or confined to
specific instances. The Board of Directors may, when it believes
the interest of the Corporation will best be served thereby,
authorize executive employment contracts which will contain such
terms and conditions as the Board of Directors deems
appropriate.
article V
SHARES OF STOCK
5.1 Form of
Certificates. The Corporation may, but is not required
to, deliver to each stockholder a certificate or certificates, in
such form as may be determined by the Board of Directors,
representing shares to which the stockholder is entitled. Such
certificates shall be consecutively numbered and shall be
registered on the books and records the Corporation or its transfer
agent as they are issued. Each certificate shall state on the face
thereof the holder’s name, the number, class of shares, and the par
value of such shares or a statement that such shares are without
par value.
5.2 Shares without
Certificates. The Board of Directors may authorize the
issuance of uncertificated shares of some or all of the shares of
any or all of its classes or series. The issuance of uncertificated
shares has no effect on existing certificates for shares until
surrendered to the Corporation, or on the respective rights and
obligations of the stockholders. Unless otherwise provided by the
Nevada Revised Statutes, the rights and obligations of stockholders
are identical whether or not their shares of stock are represented
by certificates. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or
transfer of uncertificated shares, the Corporation shall send the
stockholder a written statement containing the information required
on the certificates pursuant to Section 5.1. At least annually
thereafter, the Corporation shall provide to its stockholders of
record, a written statement confirming the information contained in
the informational statement previously sent pursuant to this
Section.
5.3 Lost, Stolen or
Destroyed Certificates. The Board of Directors may
direct that a new certificate be issued, or that uncertificated
shares be issued, in place of any certificate theretofore issued by
the Corporation alleged to have been lost or destroyed, upon the
making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the
certificate to be lost or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of
a new certificate or uncertificated shares, the Board of Directors,
in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance
thereof, may require the owner of such lost or destroyed
certificate, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in
such manner as it shall require and/or to give the Corporation a
bond, in such form, in such sum, and with such surety or sureties
as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made
against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to
have been lost or destroyed. When a certificate has been lost,
apparently destroyed or wrongfully taken, and the holder of record
fails to notify the Corporation within a reasonable time after he
has notice of it, and the Corporation registers a transfer of the
shares represented by the certificate before receiving such
notification, the holder of record is precluded from making any
claim against the Corporation for the transfer or a new certificate
or uncertificated shares.
5.4 Restrictions on
Transfer. The Corporation shall have power to enter into and
perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or
more classes of stock of the Corporation to restrict the sale,
transfer, assignment, pledge, or other disposal of or encumbering
of any of the shares of stock of the Corporation or any right or
interest therein, whether voluntarily or by operation of law, or by
gift or otherwise (each, a “Transfer”) of shares of stock of
the Corporation of any one or more classes owned by such
stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the Nevada Revised
Statutes. Transfers of record of shares of stock of the Corporation
shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person
or by attorney duly authorized, and, in the case of stock
represented by certificate, upon the surrender of a properly
endorsed certificate or certificates for a like number of
shares.
5.5 Registered
Stockholders. The Corporation shall be entitled to treat
the holder of record of any share or shares of stock as the holder
in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize
any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares
on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have
express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by
law.
article VI
indemnification
6.1 Directors and Executive
Officers. The Corporation shall indemnify its directors and
executive officers (for the purposes of this Article, “executive
officers” shall have the meaning defined in Rule 3b-7 promulgated
under the 1934 Act) to the fullest extent not prohibited by the
Nevada Revised Statutes or any other applicable law; provided,
however, that the Corporation may modify the extent of such
indemnification by individual contracts with its directors and
executive officers; and, provided, further, that the Corporation
shall not be required to indemnify any director or executive
officer in connection with any proceeding (or part thereof)
initiated by such person unless (a) such indemnification is
expressly required to be made by law, (b) the proceeding was
authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation,
(c) such indemnification is provided by the Corporation, in
its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the
Corporation under the Nevada Revised Statutes or any other
applicable law or (d) such indemnification is required to be made
under Section 6.3
6.2 Other Officers,
Employees and Other Agents. The Corporation shall have power to
indemnify its other officers, employees and other agents as set
forth in the Nevada Revised Statutes or any other applicable law.
The Board of Directors shall have the power to delegate the
determination of whether indemnification shall be given to any such
person except such executive officers or other persons as the Board
of Directors shall determine.
6.3 Expenses. The
Corporation shall advance to any person who was or is a party or is
threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative by reason of the fact that he is or
was a director or executive officer of the Corporation, or is or
was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or
executive officer of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise, prior to the final disposition
of the proceeding, promptly following request therefor, all
expenses incurred by any director or executive officer in
connection with such proceeding, provided, however, that, if the
Nevada Revised Statutes requires, an advancement of expenses
incurred by a director or officer in his or her capacity as a
director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service
was or is rendered by such indemnitee, including, without
limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only
upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf
of such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall
ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which
there is no further right to appeal that such indemnitee is not
entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section or
otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless otherwise
determined pursuant to Section 6.5, no advance shall be made by the
Corporation to an executive officer of the Corporation (except by
reason of the fact that such executive officer is or was a director
of the Corporation, in which event this paragraph shall not apply)
in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative, if a determination is reasonably
and promptly made (a) by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of
directors who were not parties to the proceeding, even if not a
quorum, or (b) by a committee of such directors designated by a
majority of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (c)
if there are no such directors, or such directors so direct, by
independent legal counsel in a written opinion, that the facts
known to the decision-making party at the time such determination
is made demonstrate clearly and convincingly that such person acted
in bad faith or in a manner that such person did not believe to be
in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation.
6.4 Enforcement. Without
the necessity of entering into an express contract, all rights to
indemnification and advances to directors and executive officers
under this Article VI shall be deemed to be contractual rights and
be effective to the same extent and as if provided for in a
contract between the Corporation and the director or executive
officer. Any right to indemnification or advances granted by this
Article VI to a director or executive officer shall be enforceable
by or on behalf of the person holding such right in any court of
competent jurisdiction if (a) the claim for indemnification or
advances is denied, in whole or in part, or (b) no disposition of
such claim is made within ninety (90) days of request therefor. The
claimant in such enforcement action, if successful in whole or in
part, shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting
the claim. In connection with any claim for indemnification, the
Corporation shall be entitled to raise as a defense to any such
action that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct that
make it permissible under the Nevada Revised Statutes or any other
applicable law for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for
the amount claimed. In connection with any claim by an executive
officer of the Corporation (except in any action, suit or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative, by reason of the fact that such executive officer is
or was a director of the Corporation) for advances, the Corporation
shall be entitled to raise as a defense as to any such action clear
and convincing evidence that such person acted in bad faith or in a
manner that such person did not believe to be in or not opposed to
the best interests of the Corporation, or with respect to any
criminal action or proceeding that such person acted without
reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was lawful. Neither
the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors,
independent legal counsel or its stockholders) to have made a
determination prior to the commencement of such action that
indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances
because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in
the Nevada Revised Statutes or any other applicable law, nor an
actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of
Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) that the
claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be
a defense to the action or create a presumption that claimant has
not met the applicable standard of conduct.
6.5 Non-Exclusivity of
Rights. The rights conferred on any person by this Article VI
shall not be exclusive of any other right which such person may
have or hereafter acquire under any applicable statute, provision
of the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, agreement, vote of
stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to
action in his official capacity and as to action in another
capacity while holding office. The Corporation is specifically
authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of
its directors, officers, employees or agents respecting
indemnification and advances, to the fullest extent not prohibited
by the Nevada Revised Statutes or any other applicable
law.
6.6 Survival of Rights.
The rights conferred on any person by this Article VI shall
continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or
executive officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs,
executors and administrators of such a person.
6.7 Insurance. To the
fullest extent permitted by the Nevada Revised Statutes, or any
other applicable law, the Corporation, upon approval by the Board
of Directors, may purchase insurance on behalf of any person
required or permitted to be indemnified pursuant to this Article
VI.
6.8 Amendments. Any
repeal or modification of this Article VI shall only be prospective
and shall not affect the rights under this Bylaw in effect at the
time of the alleged occurrence of any action or omission to act
that is the cause of any proceeding against any agent of the
Corporation.
6.9 Saving Clause. If
this Article VI or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any
ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Corporation
shall nevertheless indemnify each director and executive officer to
the full extent not prohibited by any applicable portion of this
Article that shall not have been invalidated, or by any other
applicable law. If this Article VI shall be invalid due to the
application of the indemnification provisions of another
jurisdiction, then the Corporation shall indemnify each director
and executive officer to the full extent under applicable
law.
6.10 Certain
Definitions. For the purposes of this Article VI, the following
definitions shall apply:
(a) The term “proceeding” shall be broadly construed and shall
include, without limitation, the investigation, preparation,
prosecution, defense, settlement, arbitration and appeal of, and
the giving of testimony in, any threatened, pending or completed
action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative
or investigative.
(b) The term “expenses” shall be broadly construed and shall
include, without limitation, court costs, attorneys’ fees, witness
fees, fines, amounts paid in settlement or judgment and any other
costs and expenses of any nature or kind incurred in connection
with any proceeding.
(c) The term the “Corporation” shall include, in addition to the
resulting Corporation, any constituent corporation (including any
constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger
which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had
power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, and
employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director,
officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is
or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand
in the same position under the provisions of this Article with
respect to the resulting or surviving Corporation as he would have
with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate
existence had continued.
(d) References to a “director,” “officer,” “executive officer,”
“employee,” or “agent” of the Corporation shall include, without
limitation, situations where such person is serving at the request
of the Corporation as, respectively, a director, executive officer,
officer, employee, trustee or agent of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.
(e) References to “other enterprises” shall include employee
benefit plans; references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes
assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and
references to “serving at the request of the Corporation” shall
include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of
the Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by,
such director, officer, employee, or agent with respect to an
employee benefit plan, its participants, or beneficiaries; and a
person who acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably
believed to be in the interest of the participants and
beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have
acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation” as referred to in this Article.
article VII
NOTICES
7.1 Form of
Notice. Whenever required by law, the Articles of
Incorporation or these Bylaws, notice is to be given to any
director or stockholder, and no provision is made as to how such
notice shall be given, such notice may be given in writing, by
mail, postage prepaid, addressed to such director or stockholder at
such address as appears on the books and records of the Corporation
or its transfer agent. A notice or other communication may also be
delivered by electronic transmission if the electronic transmission
contains or is accompanied by information from which the recipient
can determine the date of the transmission. Unless otherwise agreed
between sender and recipient, an electronic transmission is
received when it enters an information processing system that the
recipient has designated or uses for the purpose of receiving
electronic transmissions or information of the type sent and it is
in a form ordinarily capable of being processed by that system.
Except as otherwise provided by these Bylaws or specific statute,
any notice or other communication, if in a comprehensible form or
manner, is effective at the earliest of the following: (a) if in a
physical form, when it is left at the address of a director or
stockholder as it appears upon the records of the Corporation, the
residence or usual place of business of a director or stockholder
or the stockholder’s principal place of business; (b) if mailed by
United States mail postage prepaid and correctly addressed to a
director or stockholder, upon deposit in the United States mail; or
(c) if oral, when communicated.
7.2 Waiver.
Whenever any notice is required to be given to any stockholder or
director of the Corporation as required by law, the Articles of
Incorporation or these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing signed
by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or
after the time stated in such notice, shall be equivalent to the
giving of such notice. Attendance of a stockholder or director at a
meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except
where such stockholder or director attends for the express purpose
of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that
the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
7.3 Affidavit of
Mailing. An affidavit of mailing, executed by a duly authorized
and competent employee of the Corporation or its transfer agent
appointed with respect to the class of stock affected or other
agent, specifying the name and address or the names and addresses
of the stockholder or stockholders, or director or directors, to
whom any such notice or notices was or were given, and the time and
method of giving the same, shall in the absence of fraud, be prima
facie evidence of the facts therein contained.
7.4 Methods of Notice.
It shall not be necessary that the same method of giving notice be
employed in respect of all recipients of notice, but one
permissible method may be employed in respect of any one or more,
and any other permissible method or methods may be employed in
respect of any other or others.
article VIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
8.1 Execution of Corporate
Instruments. The Board of Directors may, in its discretion,
determine the method and designate the signatory officer or
officers, or other person or persons, to execute on behalf of the
Corporation any corporate instrument or document, or to sign on
behalf of the Corporation the corporate name without limitation, or
to enter into contracts on behalf of the Corporation, except where
otherwise provided by law or these Bylaws, and such execution or
signature shall be binding upon the Corporation. All checks and
drafts drawn on banks or other depositaries on funds to the credit
of the Corporation or in special accounts of the Corporation shall
be signed by such person or persons as the Board of Directors shall
authorize so to do. Unless authorized or ratified by the Board of
Directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer,
agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the
Corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit
or to render it liable for any purpose or for any
amount.
8.1 Execution of Other
Securities. All bonds, debentures and other corporate
securities of the Corporation, other than stock certificates
(covered in Section 5.1 of these Bylaws), may be signed by the
Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer,
the President, or any Vice President, or such other person as may
be authorized by the Board of Directors, and the corporate seal
impressed thereon or a facsimile of such seal imprinted thereon and
attested by the signature of the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary, or the Chief Financial Officer; provided, however, that
where any such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be
authenticated by the manual signature, or where permissible
facsimile signature, of a trustee under an indenture pursuant to
which such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be
issued, the signatures of the persons signing and attesting the
corporate seal on such bond, debenture or other corporate security
may be the imprinted facsimile of the signatures of such persons.
Interest coupons appertaining to any such bond, debenture or other
corporate security, authenticated by a trustee as aforesaid, shall
be signed by the Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation or such
other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, or
bear imprinted thereon the facsimile signature of such person. In
case any officer who shall have signed or attested any bond,
debenture or other corporate security, or whose facsimile signature
shall appear thereon or on any such interest coupon, shall have
ceased to be such officer before the bond, debenture or other
corporate security so signed or attested shall have been delivered,
such bond, debenture or other corporate security nevertheless may
be adopted by the Corporation and issued and delivered as though
the person who signed the same or whose facsimile signature shall
have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer of the
Corporation.
8.2 Voting of Securities
Owned by the Corporation. All stock and other securities of
other corporations owned or held by the Corporation for itself, or
for other parties in any capacity, shall be voted, and all proxies
with respect thereto shall be executed, by the person authorized so
to do by resolution of the Board of Directors, or, in the absence
of such authorization, by the Chairman of the Board of Directors,
the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial
Officer, or any Vice President.
8.3 Dividends.
Dividends upon the outstanding shares of the Corporation, subject
to the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation, if any, may be
declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special
meeting. Dividends may be declared and paid in cash, in property,
or in shares of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the
Nevada Revised Statutes and the Articles of Incorporation. The
Board of Directors may fix in advance a record date for the purpose
of determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any
dividend, such record date to be not more than sixty (60) days
prior to the payment date of such dividend, or the Board of
Directors may close the stock transfer books for such purpose for a
period of not more than sixty (60) days prior to the payment date
of such dividend. In the absence of any action by the Board of
Directors, the date upon which the Board of Directors adopts the
resolution declaring such dividend shall be the record date.
8.4 Reserves.
There may be created by resolution of the Board of Directors out of
the surplus of the Corporation such reserve or reserves as the
directors from time to time, in their discretion, think proper to
provide for contingencies, or to equalize dividends, or to repair
or maintain any property of the Corporation, or for such other
purpose as the directors shall think beneficial to the Corporation,
and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the
manner in which it was created. Surplus of the Corporation to the
extent so reserved shall not be available for the payment of
dividends or other distributions by the Corporation.
8.5 Books and
Records. The Corporation shall keep correct and complete
books and records of account and minutes of the proceedings of its
stockholders and Board of Directors, and shall keep at its
registered office or principal place of business, or at the office
of its transfer agent or registrar, a record of its stockholders,
giving the names and addresses of all stockholders and the number
and class of the shares held by each.
8.6 Corporate Seal. The
Board of Directors may adopt a corporate seal. The corporate seal
shall consist of a die bearing the name of the Corporation and the
inscription, “Corporate Seal-Nevada.” Said seal may be used by
causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or
reproduced or otherwise.
8.7 Fiscal Year. The
fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the
Board of Directors.
8.8 Interpretation and
Construction. Reference in these Bylaws to any provision of the
Nevada Revised Statutes shall be deemed to include all amendments
thereof. Unless the context requires otherwise, the general
provisions, rules of construction and definitions in the Nevada
Revised Statutes shall govern the construction of these Bylaws.
Without limiting the generality of the provision, the singular
number includes the plural, the plural number includes the
singular, and the term “person” includes both a corporation and a
natural person. All restrictions, limitations, requirements and
other provisions of these Bylaws shall be construed, insofar as
possible, as supplemental and additional to all provisions of law
applicable to the subject matter thereof and shall be fully
complied with in addition to the said provisions of law unless such
compliance shall be illegal. Any article, section, subsection,
subdivision, sentence, clause or phrase of these Bylaws which, upon
being construed in the manner provided in this Section 8.8,
shall be contrary to or inconsistent with any applicable provision
of law, shall not apply so long as said provisions of law shall
remain in effect, but such result shall not affect the validity or
applicability of any other portions of these Bylaws, it being
hereby declared that these Bylaws, and each article, section,
subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause, or phrase thereof, would
have been adopted irrespective of the fact that any one or more
articles, sections, subsections, subdivisions, sentences, clauses
or phrases is or are illegal.
article IX
ADOPTION, AMENDMENT OR REPEAL OF BYLAWS
9.1 By the Board of
Directors. The Board of Directors is expressly empowered to
amend, modify or repeal these Bylaws, or adopt any new
provision.
9.2 By the Stockholders.
The stockholders of the Corporation shall also have the power to
amend, modify or repeal these Bylaws, or adopt any new provision,
at a duly called meeting of the stockholders; provided, that notice
of the proposed amendment, modification or repeal was given in the
notice of the meeting.
* * *
CERTIFICATE OF ADOPTION OF BYLAWS
OF
BIOSTAX CORP.
The undersigned hereby certifies that he is the duly elected,
qualified and acting Secretary of Biostax Corp., a Nevada
corporation (the “Corporation”), and that the foregoing
Bylaws were adopted as the Corporation’s bylaws as of the date
hereof by the Corporation’s Board of Directors.
The undersigned has executed this Certificate as of ____, 2022.
|
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Kelly
O’Brien Wilson |
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Interim
Chief Executive Officer |
EXHIBIT D
FBCA Sections 607.1301 to 607.1340
(See attached)
EXHIBIT D
SECTIONS 607.1301-607.1340 OF FLORIDA BUSINESS CORPORATION
ACT
607.1301 Appraisal rights; definitions.—The following
definitions apply to ss. 607.1301-607.1340:
(1) “Accrued interest” means interest at the rate agreed to by the
corporation and the shareholder asserting appraisal rights, or at
the rate determined by the court to be equitable, which rate may
not be greater than the rate of interest determined for judgments
pursuant to s. 55.03; however, if the court finds that the
shareholder asserting appraisal rights acted arbitrarily or
otherwise not in good faith, no interest shall be allowed by the
court.
(2) “Affiliate” means a person that directly or indirectly through
one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by, or is under
common control with, another person or is a senior executive of
such person. For purposes of paragraph (6)(a), a person is deemed
to be an affiliate of its senior executives.
(3) “Corporate action” means an event described in s.
607.1302(1).
(4) “Corporation” means the domestic corporation that is the issuer
of the shares held by a shareholder demanding appraisal and, for
matters covered in ss. 607.1322-607.1340, includes the domesticated
eligible entity in a domestication, the covered eligible entity in
a conversion, and the survivor of a merger.
(5) “Fair value” means the value of the corporation’s shares
determined:
(a) Immediately before the effectiveness of the corporate action to
which the shareholder objects.
(b) Using customary and current valuation concepts and techniques
generally employed for similar businesses in the context of the
transaction requiring appraisal, excluding any appreciation or
depreciation in anticipation of the corporate action unless
exclusion would be inequitable to the corporation and its remaining
shareholders.
(c) Without discounting for lack of marketability or minority
status.
(6) “Interested transaction” means a corporate action described in
s. 607.1302(1), other than a merger pursuant to s. 607.1104,
involving an interested person in which any of the shares or assets
of the corporation are being acquired or converted. As used in this
definition:
(a) “Interested person” means a person, or an affiliate of a
person, who at any time during the 1-year period immediately
preceding approval by the board of directors of the corporate
action:
1. Was the beneficial owner of 20 percent or more of the voting
power of the corporation, other than as owner of excluded
shares;
2. Had the power, contractually or otherwise, other than as owner
of excluded shares, to cause the appointment or election of 25
percent or more of the directors to the board of directors of the
corporation; or
3. Was a senior executive or director of the corporation or a
senior executive of any affiliate of the corporation, and will
receive, as a result of the corporate action, a financial benefit
not generally available to other shareholders as such, other
than:
a. Employment, consulting, retirement, or similar benefits
established separately and not as part of or in contemplation of
the corporate action;
b. Employment, consulting, retirement, or similar benefits
established in contemplation of, or as part of, the corporate
action that are not more favorable than those existing before the
corporate action or, if more favorable, that have been approved on
behalf of the corporation in the same manner as is provided in s.
607.0832; or
c. In the case of a director of the corporation who, in the
corporate action, will become a director or governor of the
acquirer or any of its affiliates, rights and benefits as a
director or governor that are provided on the same basis as those
afforded by the acquirer generally to other directors or governors
of such entity or such affiliate.
(b) “Beneficial owner” means any person who, directly or
indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, or understanding,
other than a revocable proxy, has or shares the power to vote, or
to direct the voting of, shares; except that a member of a national
securities exchange is not deemed to be a beneficial owner of
securities held directly or indirectly by it on behalf of another
person if the member is precluded by the rules of the exchange from
voting without instruction on contested matters or matters that may
affect substantially the rights or privileges of the holders of the
securities to be voted. When two or more persons agree to act
together for the purpose of voting their shares of the corporation,
each member of the group formed thereby is deemed to have acquired
beneficial ownership, as of the date of the agreement, of all
shares having voting power of the corporation beneficially owned by
any member of the group.
(c) “Excluded shares” means shares acquired pursuant to an offer
for all shares having voting power if the offer was made within 1
year before the corporate action for consideration of the same kind
and of a value equal to or less than that paid in connection with
the corporate action.
(7) “Preferred shares” means a class or series of shares the
holders of which have preference over any other class or series of
shares with respect to distributions.
(8) “Senior executive” means the chief executive officer, chief
operating officer, chief financial officer, or any individual in
charge of a principal business unit or function.
(9) Notwithstanding s. 607.01401(67), “shareholder” means a record
shareholder, a beneficial shareholder, and a voting trust
beneficial owner.
607.1302 Right of shareholders to appraisal.—
(1) A shareholder of a domestic corporation is entitled to
appraisal rights, and to obtain payment of the fair value of that
shareholder’s shares, in the event of any of the following
corporate actions:
(a) Consummation of a domestication or a conversion of such
corporation pursuant to s. 607.11921 or s. 607.11932, as
applicable, if shareholder approval is required for the
domestication or the conversion;
(b) Consummation of a merger to which such corporation is a
party:
1. If shareholder approval is required for the merger under s.
607.1103 or would be required but for s. 607.11035, except that
appraisal rights shall not be available to any shareholder of the
corporation with respect to shares of any class or series that
remains outstanding after consummation of the merger where the
terms of such class or series have not been materially altered;
or
2. If such corporation is a subsidiary and the merger is governed
by s. 607.1104;
(c) Consummation of a share exchange to which the corporation is a
party as the corporation whose shares will be acquired, except that
appraisal rights shall not be available to any shareholder of the
corporation with respect to any class or series of shares of the
corporation that is not acquired in the share exchange;
(d) Consummation of a disposition of assets pursuant to s. 607.1202
if the shareholder is entitled to vote on the disposition, except
that appraisal rights shall not be available to any shareholder of
the corporation with respect to shares or any class or series
if:
1. Under the terms of the corporate action approved by the
shareholders there is to be distributed to shareholders in cash the
corporation’s net assets, in excess of a reasonable amount reserved
to meet claims of the type described in ss. 607.1406 and 607.1407,
within 1 year after the shareholders’ approval of the action and in
accordance with their respective interests determined at the time
of distribution; and
2. The disposition of assets is not an interested transaction;
(e) An amendment of the articles of incorporation with respect to a
class or series of shares which reduces the number of shares of a
class or series owned by the shareholder to a fraction of a share
if the corporation has the obligation or the right to repurchase
the fractional share so created;
(f) Any other merger, share exchange, disposition of assets, or
amendment to the articles of incorporation, in each case to the
extent provided as of the record date by the articles of
incorporation, bylaws, or a resolution of the board of directors
providing for appraisal rights, except that no bylaw or board
resolution providing for appraisal rights may be amended or
otherwise altered except by shareholder approval;
(g) An amendment to the articles of incorporation or bylaws of a
corporation, the effect of which is to adversely affect the
interest of the shareholder by altering or abolishing appraisal
rights under this section;
(h) With regard to a class of shares prescribed in the articles of
incorporation in any corporation as to which that particular class
of shares was in existence prior to October 1, 2003, including any
shares within that class subsequently authorized by amendment, and
for classes of shares authorized on or after October 1, 2003, in
any corporation with 100 or fewer shareholders, any amendment of
the articles of incorporation if the shareholder is entitled to
vote on the amendment and if such amendment would adversely affect
such shareholder by:
1. Altering or abolishing any preemptive rights attached to any of
his, her, or its shares;
2. Altering or abolishing the voting rights pertaining to any of
his, her, or its shares, except as such rights may be affected by
the voting rights of new shares then being authorized of any
existing or new class or series of shares;
3. Effecting an exchange, cancellation, or reclassification of any
of his, her, or its shares, when such exchange, cancellation, or
reclassification would alter or abolish the shareholder’s voting
rights or alter his, her, or its percentage of equity in the
corporation, or effecting a reduction or cancellation of accrued
dividends or other arrearages in respect to such shares;
4. Reducing the stated redemption price of any of the shareholder’s
redeemable shares, altering or abolishing any provision relating to
any sinking fund for the redemption or purchase of any of his, her,
or its shares, or making any of his, her, or its shares subject to
redemption when they are not otherwise redeemable;
5. Making noncumulative, in whole or in part, dividends of any of
the shareholder’s preferred shares which had theretofore been
cumulative;
6. Reducing the stated dividend preference of any of the
shareholder’s preferred shares; or
7. Reducing any stated preferential amount payable on any of the
shareholder’s preferred shares upon voluntary or involuntary
liquidation;
(i) An amendment of the articles of incorporation of a social
purpose corporation to which s. 607.504 or s. 607.505 applies;
(j) An amendment of the articles of incorporation of a benefit
corporation to which s. 607.604 or s. 607.605 applies;
(k) A merger, domestication, conversion, or share exchange of a
social purpose corporation to which s. 607.504 applies; or
(l) A merger, domestication, conversion, or share exchange of a
benefit corporation to which s. 607.604 applies.
(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the availability of appraisal
rights under paragraphs (1)(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), and (h)
shall be limited in accordance with the following provisions:
(a) Appraisal rights shall not be available for the holders of
shares of any class or series of shares which is:
1. A covered security under s. 18(b)(1)(A) or (B) of the Securities
Act of 1933;
2. Not a covered security, but traded in an organized market (or
subject to a comparable trading process) and has at least 2,000
shareholders and the outstanding shares of such class or series
have a market value of at least $20 million, exclusive of the value
of outstanding shares held by the corporation’s subsidiaries, by
the corporation’s senior executives, by the corporation’s
directors, and by the corporation’s beneficial shareholders and
voting trust beneficial owners owning more than 10 percent of the
outstanding shares; or
3. Issued by an open end management investment company registered
with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment
Company Act of 1940 and which may be redeemed at the option of the
holder at net asset value.
(b) The applicability of paragraph (a) shall be determined as
of:
1. The record date fixed to determine the shareholders entitled to
receive notice of the meeting of shareholders to act upon the
corporate action requiring appraisal rights, the record date fixed
to determine the shareholders entitled to sign a written consent
approving the corporate action requiring appraisal rights, or, in
the case of an offer made pursuant to s. 607.11035, the date of
such offer; or
2. If there will be no meeting of shareholders, no written consent
approving the corporate action, and no offer made pursuant to s.
607.11035, the close of business on the day before the consummation
of the corporate action or the effective date of the amendment of
the articles, as applicable.
(c) Paragraph (a) is not applicable and appraisal rights shall be
available pursuant to subsection (1) for the holders of any class
or series of shares where the corporate action is an interested
transaction.
(d) For the purposes of subparagraph (a)2., a comparable trading
process exists if:
1. The market price of the corporation’s shares is determined at
least quarterly based on an independent valuation and by following
a formalized process that is designed to determine a value for the
corporation’s shares that is comparable to the value of comparable
publicly traded companies; and
2. The corporation repurchases the shares at the price set by its
board of directors based upon the independent valuation and subject
to certain terms and conditions established by the corporation and
provides the corporation’s shareholders with a trading market
comparable to that typically available had the corporation’s shares
been traded in an organized market.
(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the
articles of incorporation as originally filed or any amendment to
the articles of incorporation may limit or eliminate appraisal
rights for any class or series of preferred shares, except
that:
(a) No such limitation or elimination shall be effective if the
class or series does not have the right to vote separately as a
voting group, alone or as part of a group, on the action or if the
action is a domestication under s. 607.11920 or a conversion under
s. 607.11930, or a merger having a similar effect as a
domestication or conversion in which the domesticated eligible
entity or the converted eligible entity is an eligible entity;
and
(b) Any such limitation or elimination contained in an amendment to
the articles of incorporation that limits or eliminates appraisal
rights for any of such shares that are outstanding immediately
before the effective date of such amendment or that the corporation
is or may be required to issue or sell thereafter pursuant to any
conversion, exchange, or other right existing immediately before
the effective date of such amendment shall not apply to any
corporate action that becomes effective within 1 year after the
effective date of such amendment if such action would otherwise
afford appraisal rights.
607.1303 Assertion of rights by nominees and beneficial
owners.—
(1) A record shareholder may assert appraisal rights as to fewer
than all the shares registered in the record shareholder’s name but
owned by a beneficial shareholder or a voting trust beneficial
owner only if:
(a) The record shareholder objects with respect to all shares of
the class or series owned by the beneficial shareholder or the
voting trust beneficial owner;
(b) The particular beneficial shareholder or voting trust
beneficial owner acquired all such shares before the record date
established under s. 607.1321 in connection with the applicable
corporate action; and
(c) The record shareholder notifies the corporation in writing of
its name and address (if the record shareholder beneficially owns
the shares as to which appraisal rights are being asserted) or
notifies the corporation in writing of the name and address of the
particular beneficial shareholder or voting trust beneficial owner
on whose behalf appraisal rights are being asserted.
The rights of a record shareholder who asserts appraisal rights for
only part of the shares held of record in the record shareholder’s
name under this subsection shall be determined as if the shares as
to which the record shareholder objects and the record
shareholder’s other shares were registered in the names of
different record shareholders.
(2) A beneficial shareholder and a voting trust beneficial owner
may assert appraisal rights as to shares of any class or series
held on behalf of the shareholder only if such shareholder:
(a) Submits to the corporation the record shareholder’s written
consent to the assertion of such rights no later than the date
referred to in s. 607.1322(2)(b)2.
(b) Does so with respect to all shares of the class or series that
are beneficially owned by the beneficial shareholder or the voting
trust beneficial owner.
(c) Acquired all shares of the class or series before the record
date established under s. 607.1321 in connection with the
applicable corporate action.
607.1320 Notice of appraisal rights.—
(1) If a proposed corporate action described in s. 607.1302(1) is
to be submitted to a vote at a shareholders’ meeting, the meeting
notice (or, where no approval of such action is required pursuant
to s. 607.11035, the offer made pursuant to s. 607.11035) must
state that the corporation has concluded that shareholders are, are
not, or may be entitled to assert appraisal rights under this
chapter. If the corporation concludes that appraisal rights are or
may be available, a copy of ss. 607.1301-607.1340 must accompany
the meeting notice or offer sent to those record shareholders
entitled to exercise appraisal rights.
(2) In a merger pursuant to s. 607.1104, the parent corporation
must notify in writing all record shareholders of the subsidiary
who are entitled to assert appraisal rights that the corporate
action became effective. Such notice must be sent within 10 days
after the corporate action became effective and include the
materials described in s. 607.1322.
(3) If a proposed corporate action described in s. 607.1302(1) is
to be approved by written consent of the shareholders pursuant to
s. 607.0704:
(a) Written notice that appraisal rights are, are not, or may be
available must be sent to each shareholder from whom a consent is
solicited at the time consent of such shareholder is first
solicited, and, if the corporation has concluded that appraisal
rights are or may be available, a copy of ss. 607.1301-607.1340
must accompany such written notice; and
(b) Written notice that appraisal rights are, are not, or may be
available must be delivered, at least 10 days before the corporate
action becomes effective, to all nonconsenting and nonvoting
shareholders, and, if the corporation has concluded that appraisal
rights are or may be available, a copy of ss. 607.1301-607.1340
must accompany such written notice.
(4) Where a corporate action described in s. 607.1302(1) is
proposed or a merger pursuant to s. 607.1104 is effected, and the
corporation concludes that appraisal rights are or may be
available, the notice referred to in subsection (1), paragraph
(3)(a), or paragraph (3)(b) must be accompanied by:
(a) Financial statements of the corporation that issued the shares
that may be or are subject to appraisal rights, consisting of a
balance sheet as of the end of the fiscal year ending not more than
16 months before the date of the notice, an income statement for
that fiscal year, and a cash flow statement for that fiscal year;
however, if such financial statements are not reasonably available,
the corporation must provide reasonably equivalent financial
information; and
(b) The latest available interim financial statements, including
year-to-date through the end of the interim period, of such
corporation, if any.
(5) The right to receive the information described in subsection
(4) may be waived in writing by a shareholder before or after the
corporate action is effected.
607.1321 Notice of intent to demand payment.—
(1) If a proposed corporate action requiring appraisal rights under
s. 607.1302 is submitted to a vote at a shareholders’ meeting, a
shareholder who wishes to assert appraisal rights with respect to
any class or series of shares:
(a) Must have beneficially owned the shares of such class or series
as of the record date for the shareholders’ meeting at which the
proposed corporate action is to be submitted to a vote;
(b) Must deliver to the corporation before the vote is taken
written notice of the shareholder’s intent, if the proposed
corporate action is effectuated, to demand payment for all shares
of such class or series beneficially owned by the shareholder as of
the record date for the shareholders’ meeting at which the proposed
corporate action is to be submitted to a vote; and
(c) Must not vote, or cause or permit to be voted, any shares of
such class or series in favor of the proposed corporate action.
(2) If a proposed corporate action requiring appraisal rights under
s. 607.1302 is to be approved by written consent, a shareholder who
wishes to assert appraisal rights with respect to any class or
series of shares:
(a) Must have beneficially owned the shares of such class or series
as of the record date established for determining who is entitled
to sign a written consent;
(b) Must assert such appraisal rights for all shares of such class
or series beneficially owned by the shareholder as of the record
date for determining who is entitled to sign the written consent;
and
(c) Must not sign a consent in favor of the proposed corporate
action with respect to that class or series of shares.
(3) If a proposed corporate action specified in s. 607.1302(1) does
not require shareholder approval pursuant to s. 607.11035, a
shareholder who wishes to assert appraisal rights with respect to
any class or series of shares:
(a) Must have beneficially owned the shares of such class or series
as of the date the offer to purchase is made pursuant to s.
607.11035;
(b) Must deliver to the corporation before the shares are purchased
pursuant to the offer a written notice of the shareholder’s intent
to demand payment if the proposed corporate action is effected for
all shares of such class or series beneficially owned by the
shareholder as of the date the offer to purchase is made pursuant
to s. 607.11035; and
(c) Must not tender, or cause or permit to be tendered, any shares
of such class or series in response to such offer.
(4) A shareholder who may otherwise be entitled to appraisal rights
but does not satisfy the requirements of subsection (1), subsection
(2), or subsection (3) is not entitled to payment under this
chapter.
607.1322 Appraisal notice and form.—
(1) If a proposed corporate action requiring appraisal rights under
s. 607.1302(1) becomes effective, the corporation must deliver a
written appraisal notice and form required by paragraph (2)(a) to
all shareholders who satisfied the requirements of s. 607.1321(1),
(2), or (3). In the case of a merger under s. 607.1104, the parent
must deliver a written appraisal notice and form to all record
shareholders who may be entitled to assert appraisal rights.
(2) The appraisal notice must be delivered no earlier than the date
the corporate action became effective, and no later than 10 days
after such date, and must:
(a) Supply a form that specifies the date that the corporate action
became effective and that provides for the shareholder to
state:
1. The shareholder’s name and address.
2. The number, classes, and series of shares as to which the
shareholder asserts appraisal rights.
3. That the shareholder did not vote for or consent to the
transaction.
4. Whether the shareholder accepts the corporation’s offer as
stated in subparagraph (b)4.
5. If the offer is not accepted, the shareholder’s estimated fair
value of the shares and a demand for payment of the shareholder’s
estimated value plus accrued interest, if and to the extent
applicable.
(b) State:
1. Where the form must be sent and where certificates for
certificated shares must be deposited and the date by which those
certificates must be deposited, which date may not be earlier than
the date by which the corporation must receive the required form
under subparagraph 2.
2. A date by which the corporation must receive the form, which
date may not be fewer than 40 nor more than 60 days after the date
the subsection (1) appraisal notice and form are sent, and state
that the shareholder shall have waived the right to demand
appraisal with respect to the shares unless the form is received by
the corporation by such specified date.
3. The corporation’s estimate of the fair value of the shares.
4. An offer to each shareholder who is entitled to appraisal rights
to pay the corporation’s estimate of fair value set forth in
subparagraph 3.
5. That, if requested in writing, the corporation will provide to
the shareholder so requesting, within 10 days after the date
specified in subparagraph 2., the number of shareholders who return
the forms by the specified date and the total number of shares
owned by them.
6. The date by which the notice to withdraw under s. 607.1323 must
be received, which date must be within 20 days after the date
specified in subparagraph 2.
(c) If not previously provided, be accompanied by a copy of ss.
607.1301-607.1340.
607.1323 Perfection of rights; right to
withdraw.—
(1) A shareholder who receives notice pursuant to s. 607.1322 and
who wishes to exercise appraisal rights must sign and return the
form received pursuant to s. 607.1322(1) and, in the case of
certificated shares, deposit the shareholder’s certificates in
accordance with the terms of the notice by the date referred to in
the notice pursuant to s. 607.1322(2)(b)2. Once a shareholder
deposits that shareholder’s certificates or, in the case of
uncertificated shares, returns the signed forms, that shareholder
loses all rights as a shareholder, unless the shareholder withdraws
pursuant to subsection (2).
(2) A shareholder who has complied with subsection (1) may
nevertheless decline to exercise appraisal rights and withdraw from
the appraisal process by so notifying the corporation in writing by
the date set forth in the appraisal notice pursuant to s.
607.1322(2)(b)6. A shareholder who fails to so withdraw from the
appraisal process may not thereafter withdraw without the
corporation’s written consent.
(3) A shareholder who does not sign and return the form and, in the
case of certificated shares, deposit that shareholder’s share
certificates if required, each by the date set forth in the notice
described in s. 607.1322(2), shall not be entitled to payment under
ss. 607.1301-607.1340.
607.1324 Shareholder’s acceptance of corporation’s
offer.—
(1) If the shareholder states on the form provided in s.
607.1322(1) that the shareholder accepts the offer of the
corporation to pay the corporation’s estimated fair value for the
shares, the corporation shall make such payment to the shareholder
within 90 days after the corporation’s receipt of the form from the
shareholder.
(2) Upon payment of the agreed value, the shareholder shall cease
to have any right to receive any further consideration with respect
to such shares.
607.1326 Procedure if shareholder is dissatisfied with
offer.—
(1) A shareholder who is dissatisfied with the corporation’s offer
as set forth pursuant to s. 607.1322(2)(b)4. must notify the
corporation on the form provided pursuant to s. 607.1322(1) of that
shareholder’s estimate of the fair value of the shares and demand
payment of that estimate plus accrued interest, if and to the
extent applicable.
(2) A shareholder who fails to notify the corporation in writing of
that shareholder’s demand to be paid the shareholder’s stated
estimate of the fair value plus accrued interest, if and to the
extent applicable, under subsection (1) within the timeframe set
forth in s. 607.1322(2)(b)2. waives the right to demand payment
under this section and shall be entitled only to the payment
offered by the corporation pursuant to s. 607.1322(2)(b)4.
(3) With respect to a shareholder who properly makes demand for
payment pursuant to subsection (1), at any time after the
shareholder makes such demand, including during a court proceeding
under s. 607.1330, the corporation shall have the right to prepay
to the shareholder all or any portion of the amount that the
corporation determines to be due under s. 607.1322(2)(b)3. and the
shareholder shall be obligated to accept such prepayment.
(a) If such prepayment is made within 90 days after the earlier of
the date on which the appraisal notice is provided by the
corporation under s. 607.1322(1) or the deadline date by which the
appraisal notice is required to be provided by the corporation
under s. 607.1322(2), accrued interest will be payable, if at all,
to the shareholder entitled to appraisal rights, calculated and
accrued from the date on which the corporate action became
effective and only on amounts that are determined to be due to the
shareholder and are above the amount so prepaid. Accrued interest
will not be payable to the shareholder entitled to appraisal rights
on the prepayment previously made to the shareholder by the
corporation pursuant to this paragraph.
(b) If such prepayment is made more than 90 days after the earlier
of the date on which the appraisal notice is provided by the
corporation under s. 607.1322(1) or the deadline date by which the
appraisal notice is required to be provided by the corporation
under s. 607.1322(2), the prepayment must include accrued interest
on the amount of the prepayment, calculated at the rate of interest
determined for judgments pursuant to s. 55.03 and calculated and
accrued from the date that the corporate action became effective
through the date of the prepayment previously made to the
shareholder by the corporation pursuant to this paragraph. In
addition, accrued interest will be payable to the shareholder
entitled to appraisal rights on such amounts, if any, determined to
be due to the shareholder in excess of the prepaid amount,
calculated and accrued from the date on which the corporate action
became effective.
607.1330 Court action.—
(1) If a shareholder makes demand for payment under s. 607.1326
which remains unsettled, the corporation shall commence a
proceeding within 60 days after receiving the payment demand and
petition the court to determine the fair value of the shares and
accrued interest, if and to the extent applicable, calculated and
accrued from the date the corporate action became effective and
taking into account the amount of any prepayment previously made to
the shareholder by the corporation pursuant to s. 607.1326(3). If
the corporation does not commence the proceeding within the 60-day
period, any shareholder who has made a demand pursuant to s.
607.1326 may commence the proceeding in the name of the
corporation.
(2) The proceeding shall be commenced in the circuit court in the
applicable county. If by virtue of the corporate action becoming
effective the entity has become a foreign eligible entity without a
registered office in this state, the proceeding shall be commenced
in the county in this state in which the principal office or
registered office of the domestic corporation merged with the
foreign eligible entity was located immediately before the time the
corporate action became effective. If such entity has, and
immediately before the corporate action became effective had, no
principal or registered office in this state, then the proceeding
shall be commenced in the county in this state in which the
corporation has, or immediately before the time the corporate
action became effective had, an office in this state. If such
entity has, or immediately before the time the corporate action
became effective had, no office in this state, the proceeding shall
be commenced in the county in which the corporation’s registered
office is or was last located.
(3) All shareholders, whether or not residents of this state, whose
demands remain unsettled shall be made parties to the proceeding as
in an action against their shares. The corporation shall serve a
copy of the initial pleading in such proceeding upon each
shareholder party who is a resident of this state in the manner
provided by law for the service of a summons and complaint and upon
each nonresident shareholder party by registered or certified mail
or by publication as provided by law.
(4) The jurisdiction of the court in which the proceeding is
commenced under subsection (2) is plenary and exclusive. If it so
elects, the court may appoint one or more persons as appraisers to
receive evidence and recommend a decision on the question of fair
value. The appraisers shall have the powers described in the order
appointing them or in any amendment to the order. The shareholders
demanding appraisal rights are entitled to the same discovery
rights as parties in other civil proceedings. There shall be no
right to a jury trial.
(5) Each shareholder entitled to appraisal rights who is made a
party to the proceeding is entitled to judgment for the amount of
the fair value of such shareholder’s shares as found by the court,
plus accrued interest, if and to the extent applicable and as found
by the court, taking into account the amount of any prepayment
previously made to the shareholder by the corporation pursuant to
s. 607.1326(3).
(6) The corporation shall pay each such shareholder the amount
found to be due within 10 days after final determination of the
proceedings. Upon payment of the judgment, the shareholder shall
cease to have any rights to receive any further consideration with
respect to such shares other than any amounts ordered to be paid
for court costs and attorney fees under s. 607.1331.
607.1331 Court costs and counsel fees.—
(1) The court in an appraisal proceeding shall determine all costs
of the proceeding, including the reasonable compensation and
expenses of appraisers appointed by the court. The court shall
assess the costs against the corporation, except that the court may
assess costs against all or some of the shareholders demanding
appraisal, in amounts the court finds equitable, to the extent the
court finds such shareholders acted arbitrarily, vexatiously, or
not in good faith with respect to the rights provided by this
chapter.
(2) The court in an appraisal proceeding may also assess the fees
and expenses of counsel and experts for the respective parties, in
amounts the court finds equitable:
(a) Against the corporation and in favor of any or all shareholders
demanding appraisal if the court finds the corporation did not
substantially comply with ss. 607.1320 and 607.1322; or
(b) Against either the corporation or a shareholder demanding
appraisal, in favor of any other party, if the court finds that the
party against whom the fees and expenses are assessed acted
arbitrarily, vexatiously, or not in good faith with respect to the
rights provided by this chapter.
(3) If the court in an appraisal proceeding finds that the services
of counsel for any shareholder were of substantial benefit to other
shareholders similarly situated, and that the fees for those
services should not be assessed against the corporation, the court
may award to such counsel reasonable fees to be paid out of the
amounts awarded the shareholders who were benefited.
(4) To the extent the corporation fails to make a required payment
pursuant to s. 607.1324, the shareholder may sue directly for the
amount owed and, to the extent successful, shall be entitled to
recover from the corporation all costs and expenses of the suit,
including attorney fees.
607.1332 Disposition of acquired shares.—Shares
acquired by a corporation pursuant to payment of the agreed value
thereof or pursuant to payment of the judgment entered therefor, as
provided in this chapter, may be held and disposed of by such
corporation as authorized but unissued shares of the corporation,
except that, in the case of a merger or share exchange, they may be
held and disposed of as the plan of merger or share exchange
otherwise provides. The shares of the survivor into which the
shares of such shareholders demanding appraisal rights would have
been converted had they assented to the merger shall have the
status of authorized but unissued shares of the survivor.
607.1333 Limitation on corporate payment.—
(1) No payment shall be made to a shareholder seeking appraisal
rights if, at the time of payment, the corporation is unable to
meet the distribution standards of s. 607.06401. In such event, the
shareholder shall, at the shareholder’s option:
(a) Withdraw his, her, or its notice of intent to assert appraisal
rights, which shall in such event be deemed withdrawn with the
consent of the corporation; or
(b) Retain his, her, or its status as a claimant against the
corporation and, if it is liquidated, be subordinated to the rights
of creditors of the corporation, but have rights superior to the
shareholders not asserting appraisal rights, and if the corporation
is not liquidated, retain his, her, or its right to be paid for the
shares, which right the corporation shall be obliged to satisfy
when the restrictions of this section do not apply.
(2) The shareholder shall exercise the option under paragraph
(1)(a) or paragraph (1)(b) by written notice filed with the
corporation within 30 days after the corporation has given written
notice that the payment for shares cannot be made because of the
restrictions of this section. If the shareholder fails to exercise
the option, the shareholder shall be deemed to have withdrawn his
or her notice of intent to assert appraisal rights.
607.1340 Other remedies limited.—
(1) A shareholder entitled to appraisal rights under this chapter
may not challenge a completed corporate action for which appraisal
rights are available unless such corporate action was either:
(a) Not authorized and approved in accordance with the applicable
provisions of this chapter; or
(b) Procured as a result of fraud, a material misrepresentation, or
an omission of a material fact necessary to make statements made,
in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not
misleading.
(2) Nothing in this section operates to override or supersede the
provisions of s. 607.0832.
D-12
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