By Christopher Bjork

MADRID--Caixabank SA (CABK.MC) on Friday reported a small profit for the third quarter after setting aside most of its income to cover a growing pool of bad debts.

Net profit at the Spain's third-largest bank by market value was 50 million euros ($69 million), up from EUR7 million in the same quarter of 2012, but lower than in the three preceding quarters.

Caixabank saw another dip in lending income in the third quarter. Net interest income fell 7.7% to EUR977 million. Fee income was roughly unchanged at EUR430 million.

The Barcelona lender's pool of bad debts grew by EUR5.4 billion over the past year, to EUR25.7 billion, equivalent to 11.4% of its loan book. A big part of the increase this year came after the bank reviewed its portfolio of restructured loans and reclassified part of that portfolio as nonperforming. The bank said EUR3.3 billion worth of refinanced loans were reclassified as nonperforming during the second quarter.

Spain's central bank had told lenders to review these loans after detecting that some banks were using the refinancing to keep shaky loans from becoming nonperforming.

Caixabank in the third quarter earmarked most of its pretax profit, some EUR573 million, to cover potential losses on doubtful loans.

Net profit in the first nine months more than doubled to EUR458 million from EUR173 million, the bank said. Banks reported meager profits last year because the Spanish government forced them to clean up their vast real estate portfolios.

Write to Christopher Bjork at christopher.bjork@wsj.com

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