UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No.      )
Filed by the Registrant ☒
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐
Check the appropriate box:
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Preliminary Proxy Statement
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Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
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Definitive Proxy Statement
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Definitive Additional Materials
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Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12
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Mandiant, Inc.
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(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)
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(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check all boxes that apply):
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No fee required.
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Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
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Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
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MANDIANT, INC.
11951 Freedom Drive, 6th Floor
Reston, VA 20190
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
To Be Held at 1:00 p.m. Pacific Time on Thursday, July 7, 2022
Dear Mandiant Stockholder:
You are cordially invited to attend the 2022 annual meeting of stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) of Mandiant, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Mandiant”). The Annual Meeting will be held in a virtual meeting format only with no physical location on Thursday, July 7, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. Pacific Time, for the following purposes, as more fully described in the accompanying proxy statement:
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To elect two Class III directors to serve until the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualified;
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To ratify the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022;
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To conduct an advisory vote to approve the compensation of our named executive officers for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, as described in the proxy statement;
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To conduct an advisory vote on the frequency of future stockholder advisory votes to approve the compensation of our named executive officers; and
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To transact such other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournments or postponements thereof.
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Our board of directors has fixed the close of business on May 16, 2022 as the record date for the Annual Meeting (the “Record Date”). Only stockholders of record on the Record Date are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting. Further information regarding voting rights and the matters to be voted upon is presented in the accompanying proxy statement.
On or about May 27, 2022, we expect to mail to our stockholders a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (the “Notice”) containing instructions on how to access our proxy statement and our annual report. The Notice provides instructions on how to vote via the Internet or by telephone and includes instructions on how to receive a paper copy of our proxy materials by mail. The accompanying proxy statement and our annual report can be accessed directly at the Internet address listed on the Notice.
The Annual Meeting will be hosted in a virtual format only online via live webcast. You will not be able to attend the Annual Meeting in person. If your Mandiant shares are held in your own name in the records of Mandiant’s transfer agent, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (“AST”) (i.e., you are a stockholder of record), you will be able to attend and participate in the Annual Meeting online, vote your shares electronically at the Annual Meeting and submit your questions prior to and during the Annual Meeting by visiting https://web.lumiagm.com/287951276 and entering both the 11-digit control number previously provided to you in your proxy materials and the meeting password. The password for the meeting is mandiant2022. If you are a stockholder of record and you have misplaced your 11-digit control number, please call AST at (800) 937-5449.
If your shares are held in “street name” through a bank, broker or other nominee, you must register in advance in order to attend the Annual Meeting. To register, obtain a “legal proxy” from the bank, broker or other nominee that is the record holder of your shares. Then submit the legal proxy, along with your name and email address, to AST to receive an 11-digit control number that may be used to access the virtual Annual Meeting website provided above. Requests for registration and submission of legal proxies should be labeled as “Legal Proxy” and must be received by AST no later than 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on June 27, 2022. Submit your registration request and legal proxy by: (1) email to proxy@astfinancial.com; (2) facsimile to 718-765-8730, or (3) mail to American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, Attn: Proxy Tabulation Department, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219. Obtaining a legal proxy may take several days and you
 
 
are advised to register as far in advance as possible. Once you have obtained your 11-digit control number from AST, please follow the steps set forth above for stockholders of record to attend the Annual Meeting.
YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT. Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, we urge you to submit your vote via the Internet, telephone or mail as soon as possible so that your shares can be voted at the Annual Meeting in accordance with your instructions.
Thank you for your continued support of Mandiant.
By order of the Board of Directors,
[MISSING IMAGE: sg_kevinrmandia-bw.jpg]
Kevin R. Mandia
Chief Executive Officer
Reston, Virginia
May 27, 2022
 
 
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[MISSING IMAGE: lg_mandiant-4c.jpg]
PROXY SUMMARY
YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT
This proxy summary highlights information contained within this proxy statement. You should read the entire proxy statement carefully and consider all information before voting.
VOTE RECOMMENDATIONS AND RATIONALE
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Voting Matter
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Board Vote
Recommendation
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Proposal No. 1: Election of Class III Directors
Our board of directors and our nominating and corporate governance committee believe the two director nominees possess the skills and experience to effectively monitor performance, provide oversight, and advise management on our long-term business strategy.
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FOR
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Proposal No. 2: Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Our board of directors and our audit committee believe that the continued retention of Deloitte & Touche LLP for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. Although not required by our bylaws, stockholders are asked to ratify the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as a matter of good corporate governance.
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FOR
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Proposal No. 3: Advisory Vote to Approve Named Executive Officer Compensation
Our 2021 executive compensation program demonstrates the continued evolution of our “pay for performance” philosophy, and reflects industry standards and the intense competition for executive talent. The changes we have made to our executive compensation program reflect feedback received through our ongoing stockholder outreach and investor communications programs.
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FOR
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Proposal No. 4: Advisory Vote on the Frequency of Future Advisory Votes to Approve Named Executive Officer Compensation
Our board of directors has determined that holding an advisory vote to approve named executive officer compensation every year is the most appropriate policy for us at this time, and recommends that stockholders vote for future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation to occur each year.
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1 YEAR
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
We believe that strong corporate governance strengthens board and management accountability, leads to better business performance and aligns the long-term interests of our management team with our stakeholders, including our stockholders, our customers and our employees. We adopted numerous corporate governance “best practices” before our initial public offering, and we have continued to enhance our governance practices consistent with the highest standards since then. The Board of Directors and Corporate Governance section begins on page 14 and describes our policies and practices in detail.
 
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Highlights of our current corporate governance policies and practices include:
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100% independent committee members in audit committee, compensation committee and nominating and corporate governance committee
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Recognition of the importance of diverse viewpoints when nominating and evaluating directors
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Separate Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer roles
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Stock ownership requirements for directors and executive officers
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Independent Chairperson
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Adoption of formal Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics policies for directors, officers and employees
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Regularly scheduled executive sessions for independent directors without management present
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Periodic review of committee charters and governance policies
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Board risk oversight by full board and committees, including strategic, financial, business and operational, legal and compliance and reputational risks
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Active and ongoing stockholder outreach/​engagement activities
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Majority voting for election of directors
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Director and executive officer succession planning
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STOCKHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
We believe that effective corporate governance includes regular, constructive conversations with our stockholders on a broad range of governance and business topics, including business strategy and execution, board diversity and refreshment, executive compensation practices, risk oversight, sustainability, culture and human capital management, and we value our stockholders’ continued opinions and feedback. We are committed to maintaining an active dialogue to understand the priorities and concerns of our stockholders. In the last 12 months, as part of our ongoing stockholder engagement program, we participated in more than 100 virtual and in-person meetings with our institutional stockholders, during which we engaged in substantive discussions on our corporate strategy, financial performance, executive compensation, environmental, social and governance (ESG) initiatives, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business. These discussions covered a variety of topics, including our compensation philosophy, the composition of our board of directors, our commitment to diversity and inclusion, and our strategies to accelerate our transformation and achieve and sustain profitable growth in the future.
Maintaining an active dialogue with our stockholders is consistent with our corporate values of transparency and accountability.
CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
We believe that corporate citizenship and sustainable business practices go hand-in-hand with our mission to protect our customers from cyber threats. As an innovator and leader in the cybersecurity industry, we recognize that everything we do has an effect on the global economy, society, and the environment. Corporate citizenship, sustainability and diversity are embedded in our corporate values, which in turn define our corporate culture and guide decision-making at all levels within our organization.
Consistent with our values, we are constantly seeking new ways, both large and small, to engage our employees and improve our performance on environmental and social issues. We focus our efforts on:
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Enabling a safer cyber environment for our employees, our customers, and the global cyber community;
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Creating a diverse and inclusive corporate culture and workforce with high levels of engagement and a commitment to excellence; and
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Promoting responsible global citizenship.
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
To succeed in the rapidly evolving and competitive cybersecurity industry, we must attract and retain a highly talented executive team. We designed our executive compensation program to foster a “pay for performance” environment that aligns the long term-interests of our executives with those of our stockholders.
In response to stockholder feedback, as well as the views expressed by the major proxy advisory firms, we have continued to revise and enhance our executive compensation program while remaining consistent with our stated compensation objectives and corporate values. For example, in response to our 2020 say-on-pay vote, as well as feedback from our stockholders received through our ongoing stockholder engagement efforts, and due to competitive market conditions, we made the following changes to our 2021 executive compensation program:
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For the performance-based equity awards granted in 2021, we used the general framework that we used in 2020 except we replaced the billings performance measure with a revenue performance measure and equally weighted the revenue and non-GAAP operating income performance measures. The change in financial metrics responded to feedback we received that our revenue performance may be a better indicator than our billings performance for our progress on our transformation journey.
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For our 2021 annual cash incentive program, we removed revenue as one of the corporate performance measures, since we added revenue as a corporate performance measure for the performance-based equity awards granted in 2021. The removal responded to specific feedback we received that we refrain from using the same performance measure for both our short-term and long-term incentive compensation programs.
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At our 2021 annual meeting of stockholders, our “say-on-pay” proposal received support from approximately 98% of the votes cast. As a result, we believe that our stockholders favorably viewed the structure of our executive compensation program. However, in response to feedback from our stockholders received through our ongoing stockholder engagement efforts, and due to competitive market conditions, for our 2022 annual cash incentive program, we increased the weighting of annual recurring revenue to 50% from 35%, decreased the weighting of free cash flow from 35% to 30%, and decreased the weighting of individual performance measures from 30% to 20%. The changes in weightings to emphasize annual recurring revenue were in response to feedback from investors that they were especially focused on the growth of our annual recurring revenue following our divestiture of the FireEye Products business in October 2021.
For 2022, in light of the anticipated transaction with Google, we did not issue performance-based restricted stock units to our executive officers, and instead issued them time-based restricted stock units in March 2022 with a one-year performance period.
Our executive compensation program is designed to (1) allow us to attract and retain highly qualified executive talent, (2) motivate our executives to achieve our short-term and long-term objectives for growth and profitability, and (3) reflect a “pay for performance” philosophy that aligns the long-term interests of our executive officers with those of our stockholders. Highlights of our executive compensation policies and practices include:
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What We Do
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What We Do Not Do
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Maintain 100% independence of Compensation Committee members
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No pension arrangements, defined benefit retirement plans, or nonqualified deferred compensation plans
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Enable the Compensation Committee to engage and retain its own advisors
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No repricing or reissuing of options to purchase shares of our common stock without stockholder approval
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Support the Compensation Committee in its annual review of our executive compensation strategy and compensation-related risk profile
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No perquisites or other personal benefits to executive officers unless they serve a sound business purpose
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What We Do
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What We Do Not Do
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Design the equity awards granted to be consistent with current market practice
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No “single trigger” change of control payments or benefits
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Prohibit short sales, hedging and transactions in derivatives of Mandiant securities for all Mandiant personnel and prohibit directors and executive officers from pledging their equity securities or using such securities as collateral for a loan
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No tax gross-ups for change in control payments or benefits
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Support our board of director’s review of the risks associated with our key executive positions on an annual basis
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No strict benchmarking of compensation to a specific percentile of our peer group
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Maintain formal stock ownership guidelines for our executive officers and the non-employee members of our board of directors
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No guaranteed incentive compensation, indefinite contracts, or excessive severance payments
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Maintain a clawback policy for recovery of incentive compensation in the event of fraud or intentional misconduct
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Stock ownership requirements for directors and executive officers
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This proxy statement contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements are all statements (and their underlying assumptions) included in this proxy statement that refer, directly or indirectly, to future events or outcomes and, as such, are inherently not factual, but rather reflect only our current projections for the future. Consequently, forward-looking statements usually include words such as “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “seek,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “believe,” or similar words, in each case, intended to refer to future events or circumstances. Our future results may differ materially from our past results and from those projected in the forward-looking statements due to various uncertainties and risks, including, but not limited to, those included under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 1, 2022. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof and are based upon information available to us at this time. These statements are not guarantees of future performance. We disclaim any obligation to update information in any forward-looking statement. Actual results could vary from our forward-looking statements due to the factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as other important factors.
 
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MANDIANT, INC.
PROXY STATEMENT
FOR 2022 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
To Be Held at 1:00 p.m. Pacific Time on Thursday, July 7, 2022
This proxy statement and the enclosed form of proxy are furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by our board of directors for use at our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”), and any postponements, adjournments or continuations thereof. The Annual Meeting will be held on Thursday, July 7, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. Pacific Time, in a virtual meeting format only with no physical location. The Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (the “Notice”) containing instructions on how to access this proxy statement and our annual report is first being mailed on or about May 27, 2022 to all stockholders entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING
The information provided in the “question and answer” format below addresses certain frequently asked questions but is not intended to be a summary of all matters contained in this proxy statement. Please read the entire proxy statement carefully before voting your shares.
What matters am I voting on?
You will be voting on:
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the election of two Class III directors to hold office until the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualified;
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a proposal to ratify the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022;
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an advisory vote to approve named executive officer compensation;
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an advisory vote on the frequency of future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation; and
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any other business that may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournments or postponements thereof.
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How does our board of directors recommend that I vote?
Our board of directors recommends that you vote:
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FOR the two nominees for election as Class III directors;
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FOR the ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022;
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FOR the approval, on an advisory basis, of named executive officer compensation; and
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For 1 YEAR as the frequency of future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation.
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Will there be any other items of business on the agenda?
If any other items of business or other matters are properly brought before the Annual Meeting, your proxy gives discretionary authority to the persons named on the proxy card with respect to those items of business or other matters. The persons named on the proxy card intend to vote the proxy in accordance with their best judgment. Our board of directors does not intend to bring any other matters to be voted on at the Annual Meeting, and we are not currently aware of any matters that may be properly presented by others for consideration at the Annual Meeting.
Who is entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting?
Holders of our common stock and our 4.5% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (our “convertible preferred stock”) at the close of business on May 16, 2022, the record date for the Annual Meeting
 
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(the “Record Date”), are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting, or any postponement or adjournment of the Annual Meeting. As of the Record Date, there were 235,879,864 shares of our common stock outstanding and there were 400,000 shares of our convertible preferred stock outstanding which were convertible into 24,725,104 shares of our common stock. Each holder of our common stock is entitled to cast one vote per share on each matter to be voted upon. Each holder of our convertible preferred stock is entitled to vote on each matter to be presented at the annual meeting on an as converted basis equal to the number of shares of common stock into which each such share of convertible preferred stock is convertible on the Record Date. Our common stock and convertible preferred stock will vote together as a single class for all proposals at the Annual Meeting. Stockholders are not permitted to cumulate votes with respect to the election of directors.
Are there any requirements on how the holders of convertible preferred stock must vote?
Pursuant to the Blackstone Agreement (as defined elsewhere in this proxy statement) and the ClearSky Agreement (as defined elsewhere in this proxy statement) entered into in connection with the issuance and sale of our convertible preferred stock, Blackstone (as defined elsewhere in this proxy statement), for so long as it has the right to nominate for election one member to our board of directors, and ClearSky (as defined elsewhere in this proxy statement), for so long as it has the right to designate one non-voting observer to our board of directors, have agreed to take such action as may be required so that all of the shares of convertible preferred stock and shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the convertible preferred stock, owned, directly or indirectly, of record or beneficially by them and entitled to vote are voted (a) in favor of our “say-on-pay” proposal and any proposal by us relating to equity compensation that has been approved by our board of directors or the compensation committee (or any successor committee, however denominated), (b) in favor of our proposal for ratification of the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm and (c) in favor of any proposal by us for amendment of our organizational documents in a manner that does not have an adverse effect on the holders of convertible preferred stock to increase number of authorized shares of our capital stock.
What is the difference between holding shares as a stockholder of record and as a beneficial owner?
Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name.   If, at the close of business on the Record Date, your shares were registered directly in your name with American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (“AST”), our transfer agent, then you are considered the stockholder of record with respect to those shares. As the stockholder of record, you have the right to grant your voting proxy directly to the individuals listed on the proxy card or to vote electronically at the Annual Meeting.
Beneficial Owners: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker, Bank or Other Nominee.   If, at the close of business on the Record Date, your shares were held, not in your name, but rather in a stock brokerage account or by a bank or other nominee on your behalf, then you are considered the beneficial owner of shares held in “street name.” As the beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker, bank or other nominee how to vote your shares by following the voting instructions your broker, bank or other nominee provides. If you do not provide your broker, bank or other nominee with instructions on how to vote your shares, your broker, bank or other nominee may, in its discretion, vote your shares with respect to routine matters but may not vote your shares with respect to any non-routine matters. Please see “What if I do not specify how my shares are to be voted?” later in this section for additional information.
How do I attend the Annual Meeting?
Stockholders of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name.   If you were a holder of record of Mandiant stock at the close of business on the Record Date (i.e., your shares were held in your own name in the records of AST, Mandiant’s transfer agent), you can attend the virtual Annual Meeting by visiting https://​web.lumiagm.com/287951276 and entering both the 11-digit control number previously provided to you in your proxy materials and the meeting password. The password for the meeting is mandiant2022. If you are a stockholder of record and you have misplaced your 11-digit control number, please call AST at (800) 937-5449.
Beneficial Owners: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker, Bank, or Other Nominee.   If you were a beneficial owner of Mandiant stock at the close of business on the Record Date (i.e., you held your shares in “street name” through an intermediary, such as a bank, broker or other nominee), you must register in advance in order to attend the Annual Meeting. To register, obtain a “legal proxy” from the bank, broker or other
 
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nominee that is the record holder of your shares. Then submit the legal proxy, along with your name and email address, to AST to receive an 11-digit control number that may be used to access the virtual Annual Meeting website provided above. Any control number that was previously provided with your proxy materials, likely a 16-digit number, will not provide access to the virtual Annual Meeting website. Requests for registration and submission of legal proxies should be labeled as “Legal Proxy” and must be received by AST no later than 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on June 27, 2022. Submit your registration request and legal proxy by: (1) email to proxy@astfinancial.com; (2) facsimile to 718-765-8730, or (3) mail to American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, Attn: Proxy Tabulation Department, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219. Obtaining a legal proxy may take several days and you are advised to register as far in advance as possible. Once you have obtained your 11-digit control number from AST, please follow the steps set forth above for stockholders of record to attend the Annual Meeting.
The virtual Annual Meeting website will be active one hour prior to the start of the Annual Meeting and stockholders are encouraged to log in to the virtual Annual Meeting website early. Only stockholders who have an 11-digit control number may attend and vote during the Annual Meeting. Stockholders experiencing technical difficulties accessing the Annual Meeting may visit https://go.lumiglobal.com/faq for assistance.
Why is this Annual Meeting being held virtually?
Our board of directors annually considers the appropriate format of our annual meeting of stockholders. As part of our effort to maintain a safe and healthy environment for our directors, members of management and stockholders who wish to attend the Annual Meeting, and in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, our board of directors believes that hosting a virtual meeting is in the Company’s and the stockholders’ best interests and enables increased stockholder attendance and participation. We believe that the virtual meeting format will provide stockholders a similar level of transparency to the traditional in-person meeting format and we will take steps to ensure such an experience.
How do I vote and what are the voting deadlines?
Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name.   If you are a stockholder of record, you can vote in one of the following ways:
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You may vote via the Internet or by telephone.   To vote via the Internet or by telephone, follow the instructions provided in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials. If you vote via the Internet or by telephone, you do not need to return a proxy card by mail. Internet and telephone voting are available 24 hours a day. Votes submitted through the Internet or by telephone must be received by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on July 6, 2022. Alternatively, you may request a printed proxy card by telephone at 888-Proxy-NA (888-776-9962) or 718-921-8562 (for international callers), over the Internet at https://us.astfinancial.com/OnlineProxyVoting/ProxyVoting/RequestMaterials, or by email at info@astfinancial.com.
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You may vote by mail.   If you have received printed proxy materials by mail and would like to vote by mail, you need to complete, date and sign the proxy card that accompanies this proxy statement and promptly mail it to the tabulation agent in the enclosed postage-paid envelope so that it is received no later than July 6, 2022. You do not need to put a stamp on the enclosed envelope if you mail it from within the United States. The persons named in the proxy card will vote the shares you own in accordance with your instructions on the proxy card you mail. If you return the proxy card, but do not give any instructions on a particular matter to be voted on at the Annual Meeting, the persons named in the proxy card will vote the shares you own in accordance with the recommendations of our board of directors. Our board of directors recommends that you vote FOR the two nominees for election as Class III directors, FOR the ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, FOR the approval, on an advisory basis, of named executive officer compensation, and for 1 YEAR as the frequency of future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation.
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You may vote at the Annual Meeting.   If you have not voted your shares in advance of the Annual Meeting, or if you wish to change your vote at the Annual Meeting, you will be able to vote your shares electronically during the Annual Meeting by clicking on the link on the virtual Annual Meeting website.
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Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, you are encouraged to vote your shares prior to the meeting by one of the methods described in the proxy materials for the meeting. If you have already voted, you do not need to vote again.
Beneficial Owners: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker, Bank or Other Nominee.   If you are the beneficial owner of shares held of record by a broker, bank or other nominee, you will receive voting instructions from your broker, bank or other nominee. You must follow the voting instructions provided by your broker, bank or other nominee in order to instruct your broker, bank or other nominee how to vote your shares. The availability of Internet and telephone voting options will depend on the voting process of your broker, bank or other nominee. As discussed above, if you wish to attend the Annual Meeting and vote your shares during the Annual Meeting, you must follow the steps to attend the Annual Meeting and obtain an 11-digit control number from AST (please see “How do I attend the Annual Meeting?” above).
Can I change my vote or revoke my proxy?
Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name.   If you are a stockholder of record, you may revoke your proxy or change your proxy instructions at any time before your proxy is voted at the Annual Meeting by:
•
entering a new vote by Internet or telephone;
​
•
signing and returning a new proxy card with a later date;
​
•
delivering a written revocation to our Secretary at Mandiant, Inc., 11951 Freedom Drive, 6th Floor, Reston, VA 20190, by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on July 6, 2022; or
​
•
attending the Annual Meeting and voting electronically.
​
Beneficial Owners: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker, Bank or Other Nominee.   If you are the beneficial owner of your shares, you must contact the broker, bank or other nominee holding your shares and follow their instructions to change your vote or revoke your proxy.
What is the effect of giving a proxy?
Proxies are solicited by and on behalf of our board of directors. The persons named in the proxy have been designated as proxy holders by our board of directors. When a proxy is properly dated, executed and returned, the shares represented by the proxy will be voted at the Annual Meeting in accordance with the instructions of the stockholder. If no specific instructions are given, however, the shares will be voted in accordance with the recommendations of our board of directors. If any matters not described in this proxy statement are properly presented at the Annual Meeting, the proxy holders will use their own judgment to determine how to vote your shares. If the Annual Meeting is postponed or adjourned, the proxy holders can vote your shares on the new meeting date, unless you have properly revoked your proxy, as described above.
What if I do not specify how my shares are to be voted?
Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name.   If you are a stockholder of record and you submit a proxy but you do not provide voting instructions, your shares will be voted:
•
FOR the two nominees for election as Class III directors (Proposal No. 1);
​
•
FOR the ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 (Proposal No. 2);
​
•
FOR the approval, on an advisory basis, of named executive officer compensation (Proposal No. 3);
​
•
For 1 YEAR as the frequency of future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation (Proposal No. 4); and
​
•
In the discretion of the named proxy holders regarding any other matters properly presented for a vote at the Annual Meeting.
​
Beneficial Owners: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker, Bank or Other Nominee.   If you are a beneficial owner and you do not provide your broker, bank or other nominee that holds your shares with
 
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voting instructions, then your broker, bank or other nominee will determine if it has discretion to vote on each matter. Brokers do not have discretion to vote on non-routine matters. Proposal No. 1 (election of directors),Proposal No. 3 (advisory vote to approve named executive officer compensation) and Proposal No. 4 (frequency of future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation) are non-routine matters, while Proposal No. 2 (ratification of appointment of independent registered public accounting firm) is a routine matter. As a result, if you do not provide voting instructions to your broker, bank or other nominee, then your broker, bank or other nominee may not vote your shares with respect to Proposal No. 1, Proposal No. 3 and Proposal No. 4, which would result in a “broker non-vote,” but your broker, bank or other nominee may, in its discretion, vote your shares with respect to Proposal No. 2. For additional information regarding broker non-votes, see “What are the effects of abstentions and broker non-votes?” below.
What is a quorum?
The presence at the Annual Meeting (in person via attendance at the Annual Meeting or by proxy) of the holders of a majority of the voting power of our common stock and convertible preferred stock outstanding on the Record Date will constitute a quorum. A quorum is required for the Annual Meeting to be properly held under our bylaws and Delaware law. If there is no quorum, the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of our common stock and convertible preferred stock present at the Annual Meeting (in person via attendance at the Annual Meeting or by proxy) may adjourn the meeting to a later date or time.
What are the effects of abstentions and broker non-votes?
An abstention represents a stockholder’s affirmative choice to decline to vote on a proposal. If a stockholder indicates on its proxy card that it wishes to abstain from voting its shares, or if a broker, bank or other nominee holding its customers’ shares of record causes abstentions to be recorded for shares, these shares will be considered present and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. As a result, abstentions will be counted for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum and will also count as votes against a proposal in cases where approval of the proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting (e.g., Proposal No. 2 and Proposal No. 3). However, because the outcome of Proposal No. 1 (election of directors) will be determined by the affirmative vote of shares representing a majority of the votes cast for each Class III director nominee, and Proposal No. 4 (frequency of future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation) will be determined by a plurality vote, abstentions will have no impact on the outcome of such proposal as long as a quorum exists given abstentions are not considered as votes cast.
A broker non-vote occurs when a broker, bank or other nominee holding shares for a beneficial owner does not vote on a particular proposal because the broker, bank or other nominee does not have discretionary voting power with respect to such proposal and has not received voting instructions from the beneficial owner of the shares. Broker non-votes will be counted for purposes of calculating whether a quorum is present at the Annual Meeting but will not be counted for purposes of determining the number of votes cast. Therefore, a broker non-vote will make a quorum more readily attainable but will not otherwise affect the outcome of the vote on any proposal.
How many votes are needed for approval of each proposal?
•
Proposal No. 1: To be elected, each Class III director nominee must receive the affirmative vote of shares representing a majority of the votes cast, meaning the number of votes “FOR” that nominee must exceed the number of votes “AGAINST” that nominee. You may vote FOR, AGAINST or ABSTAIN with respect to each nominee. If you ABSTAIN from voting on the election of any nominee, the abstention will have no effect on the election of that nominee.
​
•
Proposal No. 2: The ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP requires an affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of our common stock present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote thereon to be approved. You may vote FOR, AGAINST or ABSTAIN. If you ABSTAIN from voting on Proposal No. 2, the abstention will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the proposal.
​
•
Proposal No. 3: The approval, on an advisory basis, of named executive officer compensation requires an affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of our common stock present in person or by proxy at
​
 
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the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote thereon to be approved. You may vote FOR, AGAINST or ABSTAIN. If you ABSTAIN from voting on Proposal No. 3, the abstention will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the proposal.
•
Proposal No. 4: The frequency of future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation selected by stockholders requires a plurality vote of the shares of our common stock present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote thereon to be approved. This means that the frequency (1 year, 2 years or 3 years) that receives the highest number of votes will be considered as the frequency selected by our stockholders. You may vote 1 YEAR, 2 YEARS, 3 YEARS or ABSTAIN. If you ABSTAIN from voting on Proposal No. 4, the abstention will have no effect on the outcome of the proposal.
​
What happens if a director nominee who is duly nominated does not receive a majority vote?
Our board of directors only nominates for election candidates who have tendered, in advance of such nomination, an irrevocable, conditional resignation that will be effective only upon both (i) the failure to receive the required vote at the next stockholders’ meeting at which they face reelection and (ii) our board of directors’ acceptance of such resignation. In an uncontested election, our board of directors, after taking into consideration the recommendation of our nominating and corporate governance committee, will determine whether or not to accept the pre-tendered resignation of any nominee for director who receives a greater number of votes “AGAINST” such nominee’s election than votes “FOR” such nominee’s election. In the event of a contested election, the director nominee who receives the largest number of votes cast “FOR” his or her election will be elected as director.
How are proxies solicited for the Annual Meeting and who is paying for such solicitation?
Our board of directors is soliciting proxies for use at the Annual Meeting by means of the proxy materials. We will bear the entire cost of proxy solicitation, including the preparation, assembly, printing, mailing and distribution of the proxy materials. Copies of solicitation materials will also be made available upon request to brokers, banks and other nominees to forward to the beneficial owners of the shares held of record by such brokers, banks or other nominees. The original solicitation of proxies may be supplemented by solicitation by telephone, electronic communication, or other means by our directors, officers and employees. No additional compensation will be paid to these individuals for any such services, although we may reimburse such individuals for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with such solicitation. We may also reimburse brokerage firms, banks and other agents for the cost of forwarding proxy materials to beneficial owners. We have retained MacKenzie Partners, Inc., a professional proxy solicitation firm, to assist in the solicitation of proxies, and provide related advice and informational support during the solicitation process, for a fee of $10,000 plus reasonable out-of-pocket expenses.
If you choose to access the proxy materials and/or vote over the Internet, you are responsible for Internet access charges you may incur. If you choose to vote by telephone, you are responsible for telephone charges you may incur.
Why did I receive a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials instead of a full set of proxy materials?
In accordance with the rules of the SEC, we have elected to furnish our proxy materials, including this proxy statement and our annual report, primarily via the Internet. Stockholders may request to receive proxy materials in printed form by mail or electronically by e-mail by following the instructions contained in the Notice. We encourage stockholders to take advantage of the availability of our proxy materials on the Internet to help reduce the environmental impact of our annual meetings of stockholders.
What does it mean if I received more than one Notice?
If you receive more than one Notice, your shares may be registered in more than one name or in different accounts. Please follow the voting instructions on each Notice to ensure that all of your shares are voted.
Is my vote confidential?
Proxy instructions, ballots and voting tabulations that identify individual stockholders are handled in a manner that protects your voting privacy. Your vote will not be disclosed either within Mandiant or to third
 
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parties, except as necessary to meet applicable legal requirements, to allow for the tabulation of votes and certification of the vote, or to facilitate a successful proxy solicitation.
Will members of the board of directors attend the Annual Meeting?
We encourage, but do not require, our board members to attend the Annual Meeting.
Will I be able to ask questions at the Annual Meeting?
Stockholders who attend the Annual Meeting will have an opportunity to submit questions electronically during the question and answer period after the conclusion of the formal business of the meeting. Questions that are substantially similar may be grouped and answered together to avoid repetition.
Will the list of stockholders of record be available for inspection?
Access to the list of stockholders of record entitled to vote at the virtual Annual Meeting for any purpose germane to the virtual Annual Meeting will be available for inspection, during the 10-day period immediately prior to the date of the virtual Annual Meeting, by any stockholder of record upon request by emailing Investor.Relations@Mandiant.com with “Annual Meeting Stockholder List” in the subject line. Stockholders submitting any such request must include their 11-digit control number referred to above. In addition, during the Annual Meeting, the list of stockholders will be available at https://web.lumiagm.com/287951276 to stockholders who attend the virtual Annual Meeting.
I share an address with another stockholder, and we received only one paper copy of the proxy materials. How may I obtain an additional copy of the proxy materials?
We have adopted an SEC-approved procedure called “householding,” under which we can deliver a single copy of the proxy materials and annual report to multiple stockholders who share the same address unless we received contrary instructions from one or more of the stockholders. This procedure reduces our printing and mailing costs. Stockholders who participate in householding will continue to be able to access and receive separate proxy cards. Upon written or oral request, we will promptly deliver a separate copy of the proxy materials and annual report to any stockholder at a shared address to which we delivered a single copy of any of these documents. To receive a separate copy, or, if you are receiving multiple copies, to request that we only send a single copy of next year’s proxy materials and annual report, you may contact us as follows:
Mandiant, Inc.
Attention: Secretary
11951 Freedom Drive, 6th Floor
Reston, VA 20190
(703) 935-1700
Stockholders who hold shares in street name may contact their brokerage firm, bank, broker-dealer or other nominee to request information about householding.
How can I find out the results of the voting at the Annual Meeting?
Preliminary voting results will be announced at the Annual Meeting. In addition, final voting results will be published in a current report on Form 8-K that we expect to file within four business days after the Annual Meeting. If final voting results are not available to us at that time, we intend to file a Form 8-K to publish preliminary results and, within four business days after the final results are known to us, file an amendment to the Form 8-K to publish the final results.
What is the deadline to propose actions for consideration at next year’s annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate individuals to serve as directors?
Stockholder Proposals
Stockholders may present proper proposals for inclusion in our proxy statement and for consideration at the next annual meeting of stockholders by submitting their proposals in writing to our Secretary in a timely
 
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manner. For a stockholder proposal to be considered for inclusion in our proxy statement for our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, our Secretary must receive the written proposal at our principal executive offices not later than January 27, 2023. In addition, stockholder proposals must comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), regarding the inclusion of stockholder proposals in company-sponsored proxy materials. Stockholder proposals should be addressed to:
Mandiant, Inc.
Attention: Secretary
11951 Freedom Drive, 6th Floor
Reston, VA 20190
Our bylaws also establish an advance notice procedure for stockholders who wish to present a proposal before an annual meeting of stockholders but do not intend for the proposal to be included in our proxy statement. Our bylaws provide that the only business that may be conducted at an annual meeting is business that is (i) specified in our proxy materials with respect to such meeting, (ii) otherwise properly brought before the annual meeting by or at the direction of our board of directors, or (iii) properly brought before the annual meeting by a stockholder of record entitled to vote at the annual meeting who has delivered timely written notice to our Secretary, which notice must contain the information specified in our bylaws. To be timely for our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, our Secretary must receive the written notice at our principal executive offices:
•
not earlier than March 13, 2023; and
​
•
not later than April 12, 2023.
​
In addition, to comply with newly-enacted Rule 14a-19 of the Exchange Act, stockholders must provide notice of the intent to solicit proxies in support of director nominees (other than our nominees) for the 2023 annual meeting by notifying our Secretary no later than May 8, 2023. Please note that the notice requirement under Rule 14a-19 is in addition to the applicable notice requirements under the advance notice provisions of our amended and restated bylaws as described above.
In the event that we hold our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after the first anniversary of the date of this Annual Meeting, then notice of a stockholder proposal that is not intended to be included in our proxy statement must be received no earlier than the close of business on the 120th day before such annual meeting and no later than the close of business on the later of the following two dates:
•
the 90th day prior to such annual meeting; or
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•
the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such annual meeting is first made.
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If a stockholder who has notified us of his, her or its intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting does not appear to present his, her or its proposal at such annual meeting, we are not required to present the proposal for a vote at such annual meeting.
Nomination of Director Candidates
You may propose director candidates for consideration by our nominating and corporate governance committee. Any such recommendations should include the nominee’s name and qualifications for membership on our board of directors and should be directed to our Secretary at the address set forth above. For additional information regarding stockholder recommendations for director candidates, see the section titled “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance — Stockholder Recommendations for Nominations to the Board of Directors.”
In addition, our bylaws permit stockholders to nominate directors for election at an annual meeting of stockholders. To nominate a director, the stockholder must provide the information required by our bylaws. In addition, the stockholder must give timely notice to our Secretary in accordance with our bylaws, which, in
 
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general, require that the notice be received by our Secretary within the time period described above under “Stockholder Proposals” for stockholder proposals that are not intended to be included in a proxy statement.
Availability of Bylaws
A copy of our bylaws may be obtained by accessing our public filings on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. You may also contact our Secretary at our principal executive office for a copy of the relevant bylaw provisions regarding the requirements for making stockholder proposals and nominating director candidates.
 
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BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Our business affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors, which is currently composed of nine members. Eight of our directors are independent within the meaning of the independent director requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. Our board of directors is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. At each annual meeting of stockholders, a class of directors will be elected for a three-year term to succeed the same class whose term is then expiring. In addition, pursuant to our bylaws, at any time before, on or after the day of the Annual Meeting, our board of directors may increase the authorized number of directors and fill the vacancy or vacancies created thereby with one or more new directors.
On December 11, 2020, we issued an aggregate of 370,000 shares of our convertible preferred stock at $1,000 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $370 million, to an investment vehicle of funds affiliated with The Blackstone Group Inc. (collectively, “Blackstone”), pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement between us and Blackstone, dated November 18, 2020 (as amended, the “Blackstone Agreement”) and an aggregate of 30,000 shares of our convertible preferred stock at $1,000 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $30 million, to ClearSky Security Fund I LLC and ClearSky Power & Technology Fund II LLC (collectively, “ClearSky”), pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement between us and ClearSky, dated November 18, 2020 (as amended, the “ClearSky Agreement”). Pursuant to the Blackstone Agreement, Blackstone has the right to nominate for election one member to our board of directors (the “Series A Director”), for so long as Blackstone holds 65% in the aggregate of our convertible preferred stock issued to Blackstone pursuant to the Blackstone Agreement. Viral Patel was designated by Blackstone as the Series A Director in accordance with the terms of the Blackstone Agreement. Pursuant to the ClearSky Agreement, ClearSky has the right to designate one non-voting observer to our board of directors, for so long as ClearSky holds 65% in the aggregate of our convertible preferred stock issued to ClearSky pursuant to the ClearSky Agreement.
There are three Class III directors whose current term of office expires at the Annual Meeting: Kevin R. Mandia, Enrique Salem, and Ronald E. F. Codd. On April 20, 2022, Mr. Codd notified us of his decision to not stand for re-election at the Annual Meeting and, accordingly, the authorized number of directors will be reduced effective as of the Annual Meeting to eliminate any vacancy on our board of directors resulting from the expiration of his term.
Our board of directors has nominated Messrs. Mandia and Salem for re-election at the Annual Meeting to serve as Class III directors until the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualified.
The following table sets forth the names, ages as of April 6, 2022, and certain other information for the directors whose term expires at the Annual Meeting and for each of the directors whose terms do not expire at the Annual Meeting:
Name
​ ​
Class
​ ​
Age
​ ​
Position(s)
​ ​
Director
Since
​ ​
Current
Term
Expires
​ ​
Expiration
of Term
For Which
Nominated
​
1. Directors Whose Terms Expire at
the Annual Meeting
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Ronald E. F. Codd(1)(2)(3)(6)
​ ​ ​ ​ III ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 66 ​ ​ ​ Director ​ ​ ​ ​ 2012 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2022 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Kevin R. Mandia(4)(5)
​ ​ ​ ​ III ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 51 ​ ​ ​
Chief Executive Officer and Director
​ ​ ​ ​ 2016 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2022 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2025 ​ ​
Enrique Salem(1)(5)
​ ​ ​ ​ III ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 56 ​ ​ ​ Chairman of the Board ​ ​ ​ ​ 2013 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2022 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2025 ​ ​
2. Directors Whose Terms Do Not Expire at the Annual Meeting
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Sara C. Andrews(1)(2)
​ ​ ​ ​ II ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 58 ​ ​ ​ Director ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2024 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Adrian McDermott(1)
​ ​ ​ ​ II ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 53 ​ ​ ​ Director ​ ​ ​ ​ 2019 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2024 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Robert E. Switz(2)(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ II ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 75 ​ ​ ​ Director ​ ​ ​ ​ 2017 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2024 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
 
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Name
​ ​
Class
​ ​
Age
​ ​
Position(s)
​ ​
Director
Since
​ ​
Current
Term
Expires
​ ​
Expiration
of Term
For Which
Nominated
​
Kimberly Alexy(2)(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ I ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 51 ​ ​ ​ Director ​ ​ ​ ​ 2015 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2023 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Arthur W. Coviello, Jr.(4)
​ ​ ​ ​ I ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 68 ​ ​ ​ Director ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2023 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Viral Patel(4)
​ ​ ​ ​ I ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 42 ​ ​ ​ Director ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2023 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​
(1)
Member of our compensation committee
​
(2)
Member of our nominating and corporate governance committee
​
(3)
Member of our audit committee
​
(4)
Member of our special committee
​
(5)
Member of our government classified information and security committee
​
(6)
Mr. Codd will not stand for re-election when his current term expires at the Annual Meeting
​
Nominees for Director
Kevin R. Mandia has served as our Chief Executive Officer since June 2016 and as a member of our board of directors since February 2016. He previously served as our President from February 2015 to June 2016 and as our Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer from the date of Mandiant’s acquisition of Mandiant Corporation, in December 2013 through February 2015. Prior to joining Mandiant Corporation, Mr. Mandia was the Chief Executive Officer of Mandiant Corporation and had served in that capacity since he founded Mandiant Corporation in 2004. Prior to forming Mandiant Corporation, Mr. Mandia served as the Director of Computer Forensics at Foundstone (later acquired by McAfee Corporation) from 2000 to 2003 and as the Director of Information Security for Sytex (later acquired by Lockheed Martin) from 1998 to 2000. From 1993 to 2000, Mr. Mandia was an officer in the United States Air Force, where he served in various capacities, including as a computer security officer in the 7th Communications Group at the Pentagon, and later as a special agent in the Air Force Office of Special Investigations (AFOSI). Mr. Mandia holds a B.S. in Computer Science from Lafayette College and an M.S. in Forensic Science from The George Washington University. Mr. Mandia has served as a member of the Cybersecurity Advisory Committee for the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency since December 2021. In 2011, Mr. Mandia was named Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year for the Greater Washington area. He completed the Harvard Business School’s Owner/President Management Program in February 2013. Mr. Mandia has taught graduate level courses at Carnegie Melon University and The George Washington University and has co-authored two books on responding to security breaches: Incident Response: Performing Computer Forensics (McGraw-Hill, 2003) and Incident Response: Investigating Computer Crime (McGraw-Hill, 2001). Our board of directors believes that Mr. Mandia possesses specific attributes that qualify him to serve as a director, including the perspective and experience he brings as our Chief Executive Officer and his extensive senior management expertise in the network security industry.
Enrique Salem has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2013 and as our Chairman of the Board since March 2017. Mr. Salem previously served as our Lead Independent Director from February 2016 to March 2017. He has been a managing director of Bain Capital Ventures, a venture capital firm, since July 2014. Mr. Salem was president, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Symantec Corporation, a provider of information security, storage and systems management solutions, from April 2009 until July 2012. Mr. Salem was Chief Operating Officer of Symantec Corporation from January 2008 to April 2009, group President, Worldwide Sales and Marketing from April 2007 to January 2008, group President, Consumer Products from May 2006 to April 2007, Senior Vice President, Consumer Products and Solutions from February 2006 to May 2006, Senior Vice President, Security Products and Solutions from January 2006 to February 2006, and Senior Vice President, Network and Gateway Security Solutions from June 2004 to February 2006. Prior to Symantec, from April 2002 to June 2004, Mr. Salem served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Brightmail, Inc., an email filtering company, prior to its acquisition by Symantec in 2004. Mr. Salem also held senior leadership roles at Oblix Inc., Ask Jeeves Inc., Peter Norton Computing, Inc. and Security Pacific Merchant Bank. In March 2011, he was appointed to President Barack Obama’s Management Advisory Board. Mr. Salem has served on the board of directors of Atlassian Corporation Plc since July 2013 and the board of directors of DocuSign, Inc. since August 2013. He previously served on the board of directors of ForeScout Technologies, Inc. from September 2013 to August 2020, the
 
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board of directors of Automatic Data Processing, Inc. from January 2010 to November 2013 and the board of directors of Symantec Corporation from April 2009 to July 2012. Mr. Salem also currently serves on the board of directors of multiple private companies. He received the Estrella Award from the Hispanic IT Executive Council in 2010 and was named Entrepreneur of the Year in 2004 by Ernst & Young. Mr. Salem holds an A.B. in Computer Science from Dartmouth College. Our board of directors believes that Mr. Salem possesses specific attributes that qualify him to serve as a director, including his extensive leadership experience, including oversight of global operations, as well as a strong background in information technology, data security, compliance and systems management.
Other Directors
Sara C. Andrews has served as a member of our board of directors since August 2020. Ms. Andrews has served as Global Chief Information Security Officer at Experian since April 2021. Prior to joining Experian, Ms. Andrews served as Senior Vice President and Chief Information Security Officer at PepsiCo, Inc. from July 2014 to March 2022. Previously, Ms. Andrews served as Chief Network Security Officer of Verizon Communications, Inc. from June 1997 to July 2014. Ms. Andrews has served on the board of directors of Marvell Technology, Inc. since April 2022. She previously served on the board of directors of LogMeIn, Inc. from April 2018 to August 2021. Ms. Andrews holds a B.I.E. from Auburn University and an M.B.A. from Brenau University. Our board of directors believes that Ms. Andrews possesses specific attributes that qualify her to serve as a director, including her extensive knowledge and expertise regarding technology, cybersecurity and risk management.
Adrian McDermott has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2019. Mr. McDermott has served as the Chief Technology Officer of Zendesk, Inc. since April 2021. He previously served as the President of Products of Zendesk, Inc. from October 2016 to April 2021 and Senior Vice President, Product Development of Zendesk, Inc. from July 2010 to October 2016. Mr. McDermott holds a B.Sc. in computer science from De Montfort University. Our board of directors believes that Mr. McDermott possesses specific attributes that qualify him to serve as a director, including his extensive product management, engineering and general business experience in technology markets as well as his expertise developed as a senior executive at a large public company in the technology industry.
Robert E. Switz has served as a member of our board of directors since September 2017. Mr. Switz served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of ADC Telecommunications, Inc. (“ADC”), a supplier of network infrastructure products and services, from August 2003 until December 2010, when Tyco Electronics Ltd. (now TE Connectivity Ltd.) acquired ADC. Mr. Switz served as Chairman of the Board of Directors of ADC from June 2008 to December 2010 and served on the board of directors of ADC from August 2003 until December 2010. From 1994 until August 2003, he served in various positions at ADC, including as Chief Financial Officer. Prior to ADC, he served in various positions at Burr-Brown Corporation, a multi-national manufacturer of precision micro-electronics and systems products, including as Chief Financial Officer, Vice President of European Operations, Ventures and Finance, and Director of the Ventures and Systems Business. Mr. Switz has served on the board of directors of Micron Technology, Inc. since February 2006, and the board of directors of Marvell Technology Group Ltd. since May 2016. He previously served on the board of directors of Broadcom Corporation from May 2003 to February 2016, the board of directors of Cyan, Inc. from March 2011 to August 2015, the board of directors of GT Advanced Technologies Inc. from May 2011 to March 2016, the board of directors of Leap Wireless International, Inc. from July 2011 to March 2014, the board of directors of Pulse Electronics Corporation from June 2014 to April 2015, and the board of directors of Gigamon, Inc. from June 2015 to December 2017. Mr. Switz holds a B.S. in Business Administration from Quinnipiac University and an M.B.A. from the University of Bridgeport. Our board of directors believes that Mr. Switz possesses specific attributes that qualify him to serve as a director, including his extensive global operations, financial and general management experience and expertise developed as a senior executive at large public companies operating in the technology industry as well as his considerable directorial and governance experience developed through his service on several public company boards.
Kimberly Alexy has served as a member of our board of directors since January 2015. Ms. Alexy has served as the Principal of Alexy Capital Management, a private investment management firm that she founded, since June 2005. Ms. Alexy has served on the board of directors of Five9, Inc. since October 2013 and the board of directors of Western Digital Corporation since November 2018. She previously served on the board
 
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of directors of CalAmp Corp. from May 2008 to July 2019, the board of directors of SMART Modular Technologies (WWH), Inc. from September 2009 to August 2011, the board of directors of SouthWest Water Company from August 2009 to September 2010, the board of directors of Dot Hill Systems Corp. from December 2005 to May 2010, the board of directors of Maxtor Corporation from June 2005 to May 2006, the board of directors of Microsemi Corporation from September 2016 to May 2018, and the board of directors of Alteryx, Inc. from February 2017 to November 2021. From 2012 to 2014, Ms. Alexy served as an Adjunct Lecturer at San Diego State University in the Graduate School of Business. From 1998 to 2003, she served as Senior Vice President and Managing Director of Equity Research for Prudential Securities, where she served as principal technology hardware analyst for the firm. Prior to joining Prudential, Ms. Alexy served as Vice President of Equity Research at Lehman Brothers, where she covered the computer hardware sector, and Assistant Vice President of Corporate Finance at Wachovia Bank. Ms. Alexy is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA), and holds a B.A. from Emory University and an M.B.A. with a concentration in Finance and Accounting from the College of William and Mary. Our board of directors believes that Ms. Alexy possesses specific attributes that qualify her to serve as a director, including her accounting expertise, extensive experience on public company boards and her experience in the financial services industry as an investment professional.
Ronald E. F. Codd has served as a member of our board of directors since July 2012. Mr. Codd has been an independent business consultant since April 2002. From January 1999 to April 2002, Mr. Codd served as President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Momentum Business Applications, Inc., an enterprise software company. From September 1991 to December 1998, Mr. Codd served as Senior Vice President of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer of PeopleSoft, Inc., a provider of human resource management systems. Mr. Codd has served on the board of directors of Veeva Systems Inc. since February 2012. Mr. Codd previously served on the board of directors of ServiceNow, Inc. from February 2012 to June 2019, the board of directors of Rocket Fuel Inc. from February 2012 to September 2017, and the boards of directors of numerous other technology companies, including most recently DemandTec, Inc., Interwoven, Inc. and Data Domain, Inc. Mr. Codd holds a B.S. in Accounting from the University of California, Berkeley and an M.M. in Finance and M.I.S. from the Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University. Our board of directors believes that Mr. Codd possesses specific attributes that qualify him to serve as a director, including his extensive management and software industry experience, and his experience in finance. Mr. Codd is not standing for re-election at the Annual Meeting and, accordingly, it is anticipated that his service on our board of directors will be completed on July 7, 2022.
Arthur W. Coviello, Jr. has served as a member of our board of directors since December 2020. Mr. Coviello has served as a venture partner at Rally Ventures since May 2015 and as Investment Committee Chairman at SYN Ventures since June 2021. Previously, Mr. Coviello served as executive vice president at EMC Corporation, a data storage and information management company, from February 2011 to February 2015, and as executive vice president and president of RSA, the security division of EMC Corporation, from September 2006 to January 2011. Mr. Coviello served as chief executive officer and a member of the board of directors of RSA Security, Inc., a network security company, from January 2000 until its acquisition by EMC Corporation in September 2006, as its president from March 1999 until its acquisition and as its acting chief financial officer from December 2005 to May 2006. Mr. Coviello has served on the board of directors of Synchrony Financial since November 2015, the board of directors of Tenable Holdings, Inc. since February 2018 and the board of directors of Epiphany Technology Acquisition Corp. since October 2020. Mr. Coviello previously served on the board of directors of EnerNOC, Inc. from June 2008 to August 2017 and the board of directors of Gigamon Inc. from April 2017 to December 2017. Mr. Coviello holds a B.B.A. in Accounting from the University of Massachusetts. Our board of directors believes that Mr. Coviello possesses specific attributes that qualify him to serve as a director, including his extensive leadership experience, including as chief executive officer of a publicly-traded company, his extensive financial expertise and accounting background and his considerable experience in technology and cybersecurity.
Viral Patel is a Blackstone director designee and has served as a member of our board of directors since December 2020. Mr. Patel has served as a Senior Managing Director in the Tactical Opportunities Group at The Blackstone Group, Inc. since April 2015. Prior to joining the Tactical Opportunities Group of Blackstone in 2012, Mr. Patel was a Managing Director with Blackstone Securities Partners. Before joining Blackstone, Mr. Patel was a member of the Credit Suisse and Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Structured Products businesses. Mr. Patel holds a B.S. from Cornell University. Our board of directors believes that Mr. Patel
 
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possesses specific attributes that qualify him to serve as a director, including his significant knowledge and expertise in finance, business, and strategic investments and his extensive knowledge regarding our operations from leading the day-to-day management of Blackstone’s investment in our company.
Director Independence
Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market. Under the rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market, independent directors must comprise a majority of a listed company’s board of directors. In addition, the rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit, compensation, and nominating and corporate governance committees be independent. Under the rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if, in the opinion of the listed company’s board of directors, the director does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.
Audit committee members must also satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. In addition, compensation committee members must satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10C-1 under the Exchange Act and the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market.
Our board of directors has undertaken a review of the independence of each director and considered whether such director has a material relationship with us that could compromise his or her ability to exercise independent judgment in carrying out his or her responsibilities. As a result of this review, our board of directors has determined that Mses. Alexy and Andrews and Messrs. Codd, Coviello, McDermott, Patel, Salem and Switz are “independent directors” as defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements and rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market.
Board Leadership Structure
Our board of directors does not view any particular leadership structure as preferred and routinely reviews and considers the appropriate leadership structure. This consideration includes the pros and cons of alternative leadership structures in light of our operating and governance environment at the time, with the goal of achieving the optimal model for board leadership and effective oversight of management by our board of directors.
Our board of directors consists of nine directors. Our only management director is Mr. Mandia, our Chief Executive Officer. Enrique Salem, an independent director, holds the role of Chairman of the Board. Our board of directors believes this structure benefits the board of directors and us by enabling our Chief Executive Officer to focus on operational and strategic matters while enabling the Chairman of the Board to focus on board and governance matters.
In addition, each committee of our board of directors has a designated chairperson and, other than our government classified information and security committee, is comprised solely of independent directors.
Board Meetings and Committees
During 2021, our board of directors held 14 meetings (including regularly scheduled and special meetings), and each director attended at least 75% of the aggregate of (i) the total number of meetings of our board of directors held during the period for which he or she served as a director and (ii) the total number of meetings held by all committees of our board of directors on which he or she served during the periods for which he or she served.
It is the policy of our board of directors to regularly have separate meeting times for independent directors without management.
Although we do not have a formal policy regarding attendance by members of our board of directors at annual meetings of stockholders, we encourage, but do not require, our directors to attend. Eight of the nine directors who served on the date of our 2021 annual meeting of stockholders attended the meeting.
Our board of directors has five standing committees: an audit committee, a compensation committee, a nominating and corporate governance committee, a special committee, and a government classified
 
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information and security committee. The composition and responsibilities of each of the committees of our board of directors are described below. Members will serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by our board of directors.
Audit Committee
Our audit committee is comprised of Kimberly Alexy, Ronald E. F. Codd and Robert E. Switz, each of whom is a non-employee member of our board of directors. Ms. Alexy is the chair of our audit committee. Mr. Codd will remain a member of our audit committee until the Annual Meeting. Our board of directors has appointed Ms. Andrews to our audit committee, effective as of the date of the Annual Meeting. Our board of directors has determined that each of the members of our audit committee satisfies the requirements for independence and financial literacy under the rules and regulations of the SEC, including Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, and the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. Our board of directors has also determined that each of Ms. Alexy and Messrs. Codd and Switz qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in the SEC rules and satisfy the financial sophistication requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. This designation does not impose on Ms. Alexy and Messrs. Codd and Switz any duties, obligations or liabilities that are greater than those generally imposed on members of our audit committee and our board of directors. Our audit committee is responsible for, among other things:
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selecting and hiring our independent registered public accounting firm;
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evaluating the performance and independence of our independent registered public accounting firm;
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pre-approving any audit and non-audit services to be performed by our independent registered public accounting firm;
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reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our internal control policies and procedures and our disclosure controls and procedures;
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overseeing procedures for the treatment of complaints on accounting, internal accounting controls or audit matters;
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reviewing and discussing with management and the independent registered public accounting firm the results of our annual audit, our quarterly financial statements and our publicly filed reports;
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reviewing significant risk exposures and our processes around the management and monitoring of such risks, including but not limited to reviewing our programs, policies, practices and safeguards for information technology, cybersecurity and data security and reviewing periodic updates on such matters by our chief security officer;
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reviewing and approving related person transactions; and
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preparing the audit committee report that the SEC requires in our annual proxy statements.
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Our audit committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. A copy of the charter of our audit committee is available on our website at www.Mandiant.com in the Governance section of our Investor Relations webpage. During 2021, our audit committee held 10 meetings.
Compensation Committee
Our compensation committee is comprised of Sara C. Andrews, Ronald E. F. Codd, Adrian McDermott and Enrique Salem, each of whom is a non-employee member of our board of directors. Mr. Salem is the chair of our compensation committee. Mr. Codd will remain a member of our compensation committee until the Annual Meeting. Our board of directors has determined that each member of our compensation committee meets the requirements for independence under the rules and regulations of the SEC, including Rule 10C-1 under the Exchange Act, and the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market, and is a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act. Our compensation committee is responsible for, among other things:
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reviewing and approving our Chief Executive Officer’s and other executive officers’ annual base salaries; incentive compensation plans, including the specific goals and amounts; equity compensation,
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employment agreements, severance arrangements and change in control agreements; and any other executive officer benefits, compensation or arrangements; provided that any approvals relating to our Chief Executive Officer’s compensation will be subject to the ratification of our entire board of directors, with any non-independent directors not voting;
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administering our equity compensation plans; and
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overseeing our overall compensation philosophy, compensation plans and benefits programs.
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Our compensation committee may form subcommittees and may delegate to such subcommittees such power and authority as our compensation committee deems appropriate. Our compensation committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. A copy of the charter of our compensation committee is available on our website at www.Mandiant.com in the Governance section of our Investor Relations webpage. During 2021, our compensation committee held six meetings.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Our nominating and corporate governance committee is comprised of Kimberly Alexy, Sara C. Andrews, Ronald E. F. Codd and Robert E. Switz, each of whom is a non-employee member of our board of directors. Mr. Codd is the chair of our nominating and corporate governance committee. Mr. Codd will remain a member and the chair of our nominating and corporate governance committee until the Annual Meeting. Our board of directors has appointed Mr. Switz as the chair of our nominating and corporate governance committee, effective as of the date of the Annual Meeting. Our board of directors has determined that each member of our nominating and corporate governance committee meets the requirements for independence under the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. Our nominating and corporate governance committee is responsible for, among other things:
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evaluating and making recommendations regarding the composition, organization, and governance of our board of directors and its committees;
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evaluating and making recommendations regarding the creation of additional committees or the change in mandate or dissolution of committees;
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reviewing and making recommendations regarding our corporate governance guidelines and compliance with laws and regulations;
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reviewing and approving conflicts of interest of our directors and corporate officers, other than related person transactions reviewed by the audit committee; and
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reviewing and making recommendations regarding our environmental, social and governance (ESG) programs, policies and practices.
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Our nominating and corporate governance committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the listing standards of The NASDAQ Stock Market. A copy of the charter of our nominating and corporate governance committee is available on our website at www.Mandiant.com in the Governance section of our Investor Relations webpage. During 2021, our nominating and corporate governance committee held five meetings.
Special Committee
Our special committee was formed by our board of directors on December 11, 2020 in accordance with the provisions of the Blackstone Agreement and the ClearSky Agreement which requires our special committee to consist of three directors, one of whom shall always be either at the election of Blackstone, the Series A Director or another director acceptable to Blackstone. Our special committee is comprised of Arthur W. Coviello, Jr., Kevin Mandia and Viral Patel, who is the Series A Director. Mr. Patel is the chair of our special committee. Our special committee oversees transformational initiatives and evaluates strategic alternatives and reports all deliberations and non-binding recommendations to our board of directors. During 2021, our special committee held nine meetings.
 
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Government Classified Information and Security Committee
Our government classified information and security committee is comprised of Kevin R. Mandia and Enrique Salem. Mr. Mandia is the chair of our government classified information and security committee. Our government classified information and security committee is responsible for, among other things:
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reviewing and making recommendations to our board of directors on matters concerning the Company that involve or relate to (i) information or activities that have been classified for purposes of national security by an agency or instrumentality of the government and (ii) the security of the Company’s personnel, data and facilities; and
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assisting our board of directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities relating to such matters.
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Our government classified information and security committee operates under a written charter. During 2021, our government classified information and security committee did not hold any meetings.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
During 2021, Sara C. Andrews, Ronald E. F. Codd, Adrian McDermott and Enrique Salem served as members of our compensation committee. None of the members of our compensation committee is or has been an officer or employee of our company. None of our executive officers currently serves, or in the past year has served, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee, or other board committee performing equivalent functions, of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our compensation committee or our board of directors. We have had a compensation committee since November 2012. Prior to establishing the compensation committee, our full board of directors made decisions relating to the compensation of our executive officers.
Considerations in Evaluating Director Nominees
Except with respect to the Series A Director designated by Blackstone pursuant to the Blackstone Agreement, as described above, our nominating and corporate governance committee uses a variety of methods for identifying and evaluating director nominees. In its evaluation of director candidates, our nominating and corporate governance committee will consider the composition of our board of directors, including, without limitation, issues of character, integrity, judgment, diversity, age, independence, expertise, length of service, understanding of our business and other commitments. Members of our board of directors are expected to prepare for, attend, and participate in all board of director and applicable committee meetings. Our nominating and corporate governance committee requires the following minimum qualifications to be satisfied by any nominee for a position on the board of directors: (i) the highest personal and professional ethics and integrity, (ii) proven achievement and competence in the nominee’s field and the ability to exercise sound business judgment, (iii) skills that are complementary to those of the existing board of directors, (iv) the ability to assist and support management and make significant contributions to our success, and (v) an understanding of the fiduciary responsibilities that are required of a member of the board of directors and the commitment of time and energy necessary to diligently carry out those responsibilities. Other than the foregoing, there are no other stated minimum criteria for director nominees, although our nominating and corporate governance committee may also consider such other factors as it may deem, from time to time, are in our and our stockholders’ best interests.
Although our board of directors does not maintain a specific policy with respect to board diversity, our board of directors believes that our board of directors should be a diverse body, and our nominating and corporate governance committee considers a broad range of backgrounds and experiences. In making determinations regarding nominations of directors, our nominating and corporate governance committee may take into account the benefits of diverse viewpoints. Our nominating and corporate governance committee also considers these and other factors as it oversees periodic board of director and committee evaluations. After completing its review and evaluation of director candidates, our nominating and corporate governance committee recommends to our full board of directors the director nominees for selection.
Stockholder Recommendations for Nominations to the Board of Directors
Our nominating and corporate governance committee will consider candidates for directors recommended by stockholders holding at least one percent (1%) of the fully diluted capitalization of the
 
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company continuously for at least 12 months prior to the date of the submission of the recommendation. Our nominating and corporate governance committee will evaluate such recommendations in accordance with its charter, our bylaws, our policies and procedures for director candidates, as well as the regular director nominee criteria described above. This process is designed to ensure that our board of directors includes members with diversity of experience, skills and experience, including appropriate financial and other expertise relevant to our business. Stockholders wishing to recommend a candidate for nomination should contact our Secretary in writing. Such recommendations must include the candidate’s name, home and business contact information, detailed biographical data, relevant qualifications, a signed letter from the candidate confirming willingness to serve on our board of directors, information regarding any relationships between the candidate and Mandiant and evidence of the recommending stockholder’s ownership of our common stock. Such recommendations must also include a statement from the recommending stockholder in support of the candidate, particularly within the context of the criteria for board of directors membership. Our nominating and corporate governance committee has discretion to decide which individuals to recommend for nomination as directors.
A stockholder can nominate a candidate directly for election to our board of directors by complying with the procedures in Section 2.4(ii) of our bylaws and the rules and regulations of the SEC. Any eligible stockholder who wishes to submit a nomination should review the requirements in the bylaws on nominations by stockholders. Any nomination should be sent in writing to our Secretary at Mandiant, Inc., 11951 Freedom Drive, 6th Floor, Reston, VA 20190. To be timely for our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, our Secretary must receive the nomination no earlier than March 13, 2023 and no later than April 12, 2023. The notice must state the information required by Section 2.4(ii) of our bylaws and otherwise must comply with applicable federal and state law.
Communications with the Board of Directors
We have a practice of regularly engaging with our stockholders to seek their feedback, as further described in the section titled “Stockholder Engagement” below. Additionally, stockholders wishing to communicate with our board of directors or with an individual member of our board of directors may do so by writing to our board of directors or to the particular member of our board of directors, and mailing the correspondence to our General Counsel at Mandiant, Inc., 11951 Freedom Drive, 6th Floor, Reston, VA 20190. Our General Counsel will review all incoming stockholder communications (excluding mass mailings, product complaints or inquiries, job inquiries, business solicitations and patently offensive or otherwise inappropriate material), and if deemed appropriate, the stockholder communications will be forwarded to the appropriate member or members of our board of directors, or if none is specified, to the chairman of our board of directors. This procedure does not apply to stockholder proposals submitted pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.
Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
Our board of directors has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines. These guidelines address items such as the qualifications and responsibilities of our directors and director candidates and corporate governance policies and standards applicable to us in general.
In addition, our board of directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our employees, officers (including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer), agents and representatives, including our independent directors and consultants, who are not employees of ours, with regard to their Mandiant-related activities.
The full text of our Corporate Governance Guidelines and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is posted on our website at www.Mandiant.com in the Governance section of our Investor Relations webpage. We intend to post any amendments to our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and any waivers of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for directors and executive officers, on the same website.
Risk Management
Risk is inherent with every business, and we face a number of risks, including strategic, financial, business and operational, legal and compliance, and reputational. We have designed and implemented processes to manage risk in our operations. Management is responsible for the day-to-day management of risks the
 
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company faces, while our board of directors, as a whole and assisted by its committees, has responsibility for the oversight of risk management. In its risk oversight role, our board of directors has the responsibility to satisfy itself that the risk management processes designed and implemented by management are appropriate and functioning as designed.
Our board of directors believes that open communication between management and our board of directors is essential for effective risk management and oversight. Our board of directors meets with our Chief Executive Officer and other members of the senior management team at quarterly meetings of our board of directors, where, among other topics, they discuss strategy and risks facing the company, as well as at such other times as they deem appropriate.
While our board of directors is ultimately responsible for risk oversight, our board committees assist our board of directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities in certain areas of risk. Our audit committee assists our board of directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities with respect to risk management in the areas of internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, legal and regulatory compliance, and discusses with management and the independent auditor guidelines and policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management. Our audit committee also reviews our major financial, cybersecurity, information technology and data security risk exposures and the steps our management has taken to monitor and control these exposures, including the review of any programs and policies, as well as oversight of our enterprise risk management program. In addition, our audit committee monitors certain key risks on a regular basis throughout the fiscal year, such as risks associated with internal control over financial reporting, liquidity, cybersecurity, information technology and data security. Furthermore, our audit committee monitors compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and oversees the performance of our internal audit function. Our nominating and corporate governance committee assists our board of directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities with respect to the management of risk associated with board organization, membership and structure, and corporate governance. Our compensation committee assesses risks created by the incentives inherent in our compensation programs, policies and practices. Finally, our full board of directors reviews strategic and operational risk in the context of reports from the management team, receives reports on all significant committee activities at each regular meeting, and evaluates the risks inherent in significant transactions.
Stockholder Engagement
We believe that effective corporate governance includes regular, constructive conversations with our stockholders on a broad range of governance and business topics, including business strategy and execution, board diversity and refreshment, executive compensation practices, risk oversight, sustainability, culture and human capital management, and we value our stockholders’ continued opinions and feedback. We are committed to maintaining an active dialogue to understand the priorities and concerns of our stockholders. In the last 12 months, as part of our ongoing stockholder engagement program, we participated in more than 100 virtual and in-person meetings with our institutional stockholders, during which we engaged in substantive discussions on our corporate strategy, financial performance, executive compensation, environmental, social and governance (ESG) initiatives, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business. These discussions covered a variety of topics, including our compensation philosophy, the composition of our board of directors, our commitment to diversity and inclusion, and our strategies to accelerate our transformation and achieve and sustain profitable growth in the future.
Maintaining an active dialogue with our stockholders is consistent with our corporate values of transparency and accountability.
Corporate Responsibility
We believe that corporate citizenship and sustainable business practices go hand-in-hand with our mission to protect our customers from cyber threats. As an innovator and leader in the cybersecurity industry, we recognize that everything we do has an effect on the global economy, society, and the environment. Corporate citizenship, sustainability and diversity are embedded in our corporate values, which in turn define our corporate culture and guide decision-making at all levels within our organization.
 
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Consistent with our values, we are constantly seeking new ways, both large and small, to engage our employees and improve our performance on environmental and social issues. We focus our efforts on:
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Enabling a safer cyber environment for our employees, our customers, and the global cyber community;
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Creating a diverse and inclusive corporate culture and workforce with high levels of engagement and a commitment to excellence; and
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Promoting responsible global citizenship.
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Enabling a Safer Cyber Environment
As we live connected and technology becomes more deeply entwined with our most basic human activities, the impact of cyberattacks will continue to grow. Without a coordinated global response, there are few risks or repercussions for attackers. Annual losses due to ransomware and other attacks are in the billions, and recent cyber attacks on hospitals, democratic elections around the world, and U.S. government institutions demonstrate the destructive potential of unchecked cybercrime and espionage.
We believe we must address the security gap between attackers and their targets before the consequences become so dire that we begin to mistrust the very technology that vastly improves our lives. When we empower organizations to protect themselves — with our threat intelligence, our expertise, and our technology — we become a partner in progress toward greater global equality and a more sustainable future. This is our mission and the cause that inspires us daily.
We achieve our mission by:
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Collecting, producing, and leveraging the best threat intelligence on a global scale;
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Making our knowledge and expertise readily available to the global cyber community through our Mandiant Advantage platform;
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Innovating continually to deliver agile technologies that adapt and respond to rapidly changing threats;
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Addressing the shortage of cybersecurity talent by recruiting and training the professionals who join us on the front lines of the cyber battlefield;
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Collaborating with law enforcement and governments to increase the risks and repercussions to attackers; and
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Being the cybersecurity experts that the experts turn to in times of complexity or duress.
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When our customers depend on our technology and services to modernize their cybersecurity programs and mitigate the impact of all known cyber threats, we are well on our way to accomplishing our mission.
Protecting Ourselves to Maintain Customer Trust
We believe information privacy and data protection is a critical element of corporate responsibility for every organization. Customer trust — in our products, our services and our business practices — is a foundational to our mission. We recognize that we cannot protect our customers and achieve our mission without a deep commitment to information security and data privacy ourselves. As cybersecurity requirements evolve in response to work from home mandates, changes in the threat environment, digital transformation and other factors, we strive to follow the same cybersecurity best practices we recommend to our customers in our consulting engagements.
Offerings Compliance and Certifications
We believe our pursuit of technology certifications and industry compliance in general is critical to building customer trust and maintaining a robust and stalwart security profile. Because of this, Mandiant is dedicated to ensuring its security offerings and technologies meet or exceed critical industry certifications and
 
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compliance requirements. Current certifications, including FedRamp certification, are listed on our Compliance and Certifications page on www.Mandiant.com.
Information Security and Data Privacy
Our data privacy programs prioritize:
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Ethics.   Our position as “trusted advisor” to our customers during times of complexity or duress often means our employees have access to confidential information related to cyber incidents. We maintain a strict confidentiality policy regarding our business relationships with our customers, as well as other customer-related data. We remind employees of our policy through regular internal communications and require annual data privacy and security training for all employees. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which every employee must agree to as a condition of employment, outlines each individual’s responsibilities to protect our company’s, our customers’ and our colleagues’ data.
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Compliance.   Mandiant complies with the requirements of the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework and the Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework, as set forth by the U.S. Department of Commerce regarding the collection, use, and retention of personal information from European Union member countries and Switzerland. Mandiant adheres to the Privacy Shield Principles of notice, choice, onward transfer, security, data integrity and purpose limitation, access and recourse, enforcement and liability with respect to all personal information transferred from the EU or Switzerland to the US within the scope of its Privacy Shield certification. To learn more about the Privacy Shield program, and to view our certification, please visit https://www.privacyshield.gov/list. While Privacy Shield is not currently recognized as a legal mechanism of transfer for data originating from the EU to the US, Mandiant maintains its compliance as the program is still active in the United States. It is possible that a successor framework will emerge as the change in U.S. administrations may lead to new arrangements with EU regulators.
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Transparency.   We publish a detailed Online Privacy Statement outlining the principles governing our information practices and other privacy aspects of our websites. We also provide a direct email link to our data privacy team for any questions not answered in the Online Privacy Statement and for data subjects to exercise their rights under applicable data protection law.
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Training and education.   All employees are required to attend annual training on data privacy and security. Our InfoSec team also publishes regular internal updates on data privacy, password and security best practices, phishing campaigns, security awareness and other topics related to both physical and cybersecurity.
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Creating a Diverse and Inclusive Corporate Culture and Workforce
We believe our ability to attract, engage and retain talent is necessary to drive achievement of our business objectives and ultimately realize our mission and vision. Doing the right thing for our customers and employees is a core value of our culture that we believe creates value for our shareholders. There are many things that define the culture of an organization — heritage, reputation, attitude, approach to execution, work ethic, and, most importantly, people. We seek out employees with qualities that facilitate high-quality results — those traits that give personal meaning to work and elevate our customers’ experiences. We believe that employees who feel appreciated create more satisfied customers, and we focus on improving and elevating our employees’ experiences at work. This means we are committed to providing a sense of belonging across our company that inspires everyone to respectfully speak-up, contribute their ideas, take action and be accountable. Our fundamental employee experience philosophies are:
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We emphasize our ONE TEAM culture of respect and inclusiveness.
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We make recognition an integral part of our culture.
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We care about our employees and their overall well-being.
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We reward extraordinary performance and results.
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Diversity, inclusion and belonging
We believe that diverse teams maximize their potential and bring with them diverse views, experiences and perspectives. We seek to integrate diversity and inclusion into the employee lifecycle, and are committed to providing a work environment that is free of discrimination and harassment, where our employees can do their best work, bring their full self to work, feel supported and in turn support others. We strive to create a working environment where everyone feels included and respected and has an equal opportunity to contribute and to maximize their potential. We have established a framework to drive diverse representation and inclusive behaviors across our company that includes actions to ensure equality of opportunity, increase diversity in our employee base, promote equality of pay across gender and ethnicity, and provide anti-bias training and education. We also seek to promote diversity and inclusion in our communities by supporting organizations that champion diversity and inclusion initiatives. In addition, we continue to invest in Mandiant-sponsored programs such as Elevate, which offers training, mentoring and other resources to women leaders in cybersecurity, and partnerships with military and veterans organizations.
As of December 31, 2021, we had approximately 2,335 employees, reflecting a global diversity of identity, background and experience.
[MISSING IMAGE: tm2214304d1-pc_employeebw.jpg]
* Under-represented minorities
In determining the composition of our board, our nominating and corporate governance committee and our board of directors consider the diversity of director nominees with respect to gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, viewpoints and perspectives, experience, and backgrounds. For additional information regarding our criteria for evaluating director nominees, see the section titled “Considerations in Evaluating Director Nominees.”
—
Board Diversity Matrix (as of May 27, 2022)
​
​ ​ Total Number of Directors ​ ​ ​
9
​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Female
​ ​ ​
Male
​ ​
​ ​ Gender Identity ​ ​
​ ​ Directors ​ ​ ​
2
​ ​ ​
7
​ ​
​ ​ Number of Directors who identify in any of the categories below ​ ​
​ ​ Asian ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​ ​
1
​ ​
​ ​ Hispanic or Latinx ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​ ​
1
​ ​
​ ​ White ​ ​ ​
2
​ ​ ​
5
​ ​
Compensation and benefits
We are committed to providing employees and their families with benefits packages that support physical, mental and financial well-being. Our intent is that any benefit plans offered by Mandiant worldwide are regionally appropriate and competitive with other high-tech companies. In addition to the foundational rewards like competitive pay and benefits, we provide cash incentives, equity-based compensation and employee stock purchase programs where possible, generous paid time-off, including paid parental leave, professional development opportunities, and many other employee perks. We constantly review our pay practices and benefits to ensure we can hire the best employees possible. We also believe that equal pay is important to further advance diversity, inclusion and belonging in the workplace. In addition, we conduct an
 
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internal pay equity review each year which currently encompasses compensation analysis across gender globally as well as race and ethnicity categories in the U.S.
Our response to COVID-19
As part of our efforts to keep our employees safe and support efforts to slow the spread of COVID-19, we instituted COVID-19 safety plans, work-from-home and return-to-office policies, and we restricted travel to essential, “business-critical” needs. With the support and commitment of our employees, we were able to seamlessly pivot to a work-from-home model and continue protecting our customers without interruption. We believe open and on-going communications have been critical to maintaining our culture and productivity during the pandemic, and we hosted weekly update calls and created an internal website designed for this purpose. We also instituted multiple measures to maintain the health and well-being of our employees, while continuing to deliver our essential cybersecurity solutions to customers around the world. Specific measures included regular employee surveys to assess employee attitudes toward work location, “self-care days” to enable rest, volunteering, or family time, online training, wellness and support programs, and a stipend to office-based employees to assist in the functional set-up of their remote working environment. Our Pandemic Response Team continues to monitor conditions and mandates globally to ensure safe practices as the pandemic evolves.
Professional development and training
We believe that a culture that encourages continued learning and development creates an environment where great people want to work and contribute their best efforts. We also believe that great leadership is how organizations endure and excel. To help our leaders, individual contributors and teams reach their full potential, we offer extensive training and career development resources internally through our Learning and Development organization. These include leadership, soft skills, and technical training, coaching, and development consulting via traditional and non-traditional learning events, as well as free access to online learning platforms such as LinkedIn Learning. We also offer tuition reimbursement program for employees who wish to further their formal education. To reinforce our corporate culture of respect, diversity and inclusion, each employee is required to complete anti-harassment and privacy awareness training annually. In addition, we offer employees a course on Breaking Bias: The Neuroscience of Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging, to build awareness of cognitive bias and how it impacts day-to-day interactions, people, business and life decisions. We also implemented additional training resources to support our diversity, inclusion and belonging programs in 2021.
Communication and engagement
We strongly believe that our culture depends on our employees’ engagement and understanding of their contribution to the achievement of our strategic imperatives, vision and mission. Communicating powerfully and prolifically is a core competency in our ONE TEAM framework, and our senior leaders communicate regularly through a variety of channels, including quarterly all-hands meetings that are broadcast globally, weekly CEO updates, a monthly newsletter and regular “Mandiant on a Mission” updates. We also enabled Yammer, the community and social interaction tool available in Office365, company-wide to address the need for more social and community interaction in our globally diverse workforce. We have many active Yammer communities, including communities hosted by our employee resource groups Valor, Pride, and BOLD: Black Organization for Leadership and Development. In addition to prioritizing regular communications, we conduct regular employee surveys to seek feedback on what is going well and where we can focus our efforts to do more. Our annual company survey continues to surpass 80 percent participation rate each year, representing a wide cross segment of our employee population.
Promoting Responsible Global Citizenship
We believe in making a positive impact in the communities where we live and work, and we embrace the concept of “think globally, act locally” as the most effective framework for implementing our sustainability values in a manner consistent with local practice, culture and needs.
 
27
 
Volunteering and Philanthropy
We strive to empower our local communities throughout the world through regular philanthropic efforts, including food drives, our annual back-to-school backpack program, disaster relief, support for veterans, and other local programs. We also make a donation to Doctors Without Borders on the first anniversary of every employee’s employment start date.
We also encourage our employees to volunteer their time or donate money to charitable organizations of their choice and our Total Rewards benefits package includes a paid Philanthropy Day. Each year Mandiant employees log thousands of hours supporting local causes individually and through department-level activities.
The company plans to continue organizing efforts that will enable employees to open their hearts and pool their resources to benefit others in regions impacted by natural disasters, famine, and other conditions that threaten health and well-being.
Protecting our Environment
We are committed to sustainable business practices for our people and for the environment. This responsibility extends from our internal operations to our diverse eco-system of partners and to our customers. We believe every individual can make a difference and that even small changes can have a big impact.
At the corporate level, our commitment is reflected in our facilities management, our product engineering, our manufacturing relationships and our initiatives to increase efficiency through data center consolidation.
Reducing the environmental footprint of our cybersecurity solutions
We are committed to reducing the environmental impact of our solutions through innovation. Our efforts are focused on increasing efficiency and scalability with cloud-based solutions and engineering-based advancements in our appliances.
Data Center Sustainability Efforts
Our Mandiant Advantage platform and modules are hosted in the cloud. This allows us to scale the capacity of our solutions to meet our service-level commitments to customers without an increase in property, plant and equipment.
Sustainability in our Workplaces
Our commitment to sustainability through innovation extends to our workplaces.
— Energy consumption.   While many of our locations are partial leases of larger complexes, giving us limited control over energy consumption and sources, we are currently evaluating our energy use and sources worldwide. This initiative will allow us to identify new opportunities to conserve energy, access sustainable energy sources and reduce our carbon emissions.
— Flexible Use Workspaces.   As we offered the ability to return to our workplaces in certain offices, we took employees’ responses to our COVID-19 surveys into account. As a result, we implemented a more flexible/hybrid model of workplace design with more shared workspaces and fewer assigned offices. We reduced the total square footage of our facilities and lessened commute times for our employees. As we design these new, modern workplaces, we are taking into account the latest innovations and environmental design standards. We believe these efforts will, in turn, increase productivity and contribute to a better work-life balance for our people, help diminish congestion on our roadways, and reduce total carbon emissions.
— Everyday environmental awareness.   We believe that small steps, when implemented by a large number of people, can have a big impact on our environmental footprint. We have taken measures to conserve water through flow regulators and automatic faucets in our breakrooms and lavatories and reduce electricity use with motion sensors. We also encourage our employees around the world to participate in our environmental sustainability efforts, including programs to reduce the use of disposable plastic water bottles and promote recycling and composting to divert waste from landfills.
 
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Extending Our Policies Globally through our Suppliers
We view fostering basic human rights, sustainable manufacturing processes and ethical business practices around the world as a fundamental responsibility. One of the many dependencies in establishing a solid foundation is establishing and maintaining business arrangements with organizations that share a similar strong commitment to sustainable and ethical business practices.
— As part of our on-boarding of new suppliers, we perform an extensive review of suppliers’ compliance with data privacy regulations, information security policies, environmental, health and safety programs and labor practices. When a supplier accepts a purchase order, they agree to comply with our Supplier Code of Conduct, which clearly articulates our vision and expectations for ethical and sustainable business practices. We also encourage our suppliers, partners, and contractors to adopt their own corporate citizenship and sustainability guidelines.
— We believe using Diverse Suppliers enhances our competitive advantage, and we are committed to identifying, purchasing from and maintaining relationships with small businesses, as well as businesses owned by women, minorities, veterans, and disabled persons. As part of our Supplier Diversity Policy, we encourage our suppliers to participate in our procurement and sourcing processes and set an annual goal for total annual spending with diverse suppliers.
Our Supplier Code of Conduct and our Modern Slavery Act Statement are publicly available on our website.
Outside Director Compensation Policy
Members of our board of directors (other than the Series A Director) who are not our employees are eligible for awards under our Outside Director Compensation Policy, which our board of directors approved in August 2014 and last amended in December 2020.
Under our Outside Director Compensation Policy, non-employee directors (other than the Series A Director) receive compensation in the form of equity awards, or a mixture of equity and cash awards, as described below:
Initial Award
Upon joining our board of directors, each eligible non-employee director elected or appointed will automatically receive an equity award of restricted stock units with a total value of $400,000. This award will vest as to 1/3 of the shares subject to the award annually over a three-year period, subject to continued service through each applicable vesting date.
Annual Awards
On the date of each annual meeting of stockholders, each eligible non-employee director who has been a non-employee director for at least six months will be entitled to receive an annual fee with a total value based on board and other service as set forth in the following table, provided that no award will be granted to any non-employee director who is not continuing as a director following the applicable annual meeting of stockholders:
​ ​ ​
Annual Fee
​
Board Member:
​ ​ ​ $ 200,000 ​ ​
Chairperson of the Board (if applicable):
​ ​ ​ $ 45,000 ​ ​
Lead Independent Director (if applicable):
​ ​ ​ $ 20,000 ​ ​
Committee Service:
​ ​
Chair
​ ​
Member
​
Audit:
​ ​ ​ $ 20,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 7,000 ​ ​
Compensation:
​ ​ ​ $ 10,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 5,000 ​ ​
Nominating and Corporate Governance:
​ ​ ​ $ 6,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 2,500 ​ ​
 
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Unless an eligible non-employee director elects to receive all of his or her annual fee in the form of an equity award of restricted stock units, 50% of an eligible non-employee director’s annual fee will be awarded in the form of an equity award of restricted stock units and the other 50% of such non-employee director’s annual fee will be awarded in the form of cash. All of a non-employee director’s equity award of restricted stock units will be granted to him or her on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders and will fully vest upon the earlier of the first anniversary of the grant date or the day prior to the next annual meeting of stockholders, in each case, subject to his or her continued service through the vesting date. All of a non-employee director’s cash, if any, will be paid to him or her in four equal installments on a quarterly basis, with one installment paid on the 15th day of each of the first four calendar quarters following the date of such annual meeting, in each case subject to his or her continued service through the applicable payment date.
For purposes of our Outside Director Compensation Policy, equity awards are valued at the fair market value of the shares subject to the award on the grant date of the award or such other methodology determined by our board of directors or our compensation committee.
2021 Director Compensation Table
The table below shows all compensation awarded to or paid in 2021 to our non-employee directors who served during 2021.
Name
​ ​
Fees earned or paid in
cash ($)(1)
​ ​
Stock Awards ($)(2)
​ ​
Total ($)
​
Kimberly Alexy(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 222,482 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 222,482 ​ ​
Sara C. Andrews(4)
​ ​ ​ ​ 51,875 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 103,738 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 155,613 ​ ​
Ronald E. F. Codd(5)
​ ​ ​ ​ 109,125 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 109,113 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 218,238 ​ ​
Arthur W. Coviello, Jr.(6)
​ ​ ​ ​ 50,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 99,997 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 149,997 ​ ​
Adrian McDermott(7)
​ ​ ​ ​ 51,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 204,981 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 256,231 ​ ​
Viral Patel(8)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Enrique Salem(9)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 254,990 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 254,990 ​ ​
Robert E. Switz(10)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 209,496 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 209,496 ​ ​
​
(1)
The amounts reported in this column represent the aggregate amount of quarterly cash awards paid in 2021 in accordance with the Outside Director Compensation Policy.
​
(2)
On June 11, 2021, we granted awards of restricted stock units to Mses. Alexy and Andrews and Messrs. Codd, Coviello, McDermott, Salem and Switz for service on our board of directors, in accordance with the Outside Director Compensation Policy. Each such award to Mses. Alexy and Andrews and Messrs. Codd, Coviello, McDermott, Salem and Switz fully vests upon the earlier of the first anniversary of the grant date or the day prior to our next annual meeting of stockholders that follows the grant date, in each case, subject to continued service through the vesting date. Ms. Alexy and Messrs. McDermott, Salem and Switz elected to receive all of their 2021 annual fees in the form of awards of restricted stock units. The amounts reported in this column represent the aggregate grant date fair value of the awards as computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718. The assumptions used in calculating the grant date fair value of the awards reported in this column are set forth in the notes to our audited consolidated financial statements included in the Original Filing.
​
(3)
As of December 31, 2021, Ms. Alexy held 10,348 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units.
​
(4)
As of December 31, 2021, Ms. Andrews held 21,517 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units.
​
(5)
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Codd held (i) options to purchase 78,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.48 per share, all of which were fully vested as of December 31, 2021, and (ii) 5,075 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units.
​
(6)
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Coviello held 23,932 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units.
​
(7)
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. McDermott held 16,749 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units.
​
(8)
Mr. Patel is the Series A Director and, accordingly, did not receive any compensation pursuant to the Outside Director Compensation Policy. Mr. Patel did not have any stock award or option awards outstanding as of December 31, 2021.
​
 
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(9)
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Salem held 11,860 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units.
​
(10)
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Switz held 9,744 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units.
​
See the section titled “Executive Compensation” for information about the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer, who is both a director and one of our named executive officers for 2021.
 
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PROPOSAL NO. 1
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
Our board of directors is currently composed of nine members. In accordance with our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. At the Annual Meeting, stockholders are being asked to elect two Class III directors for a three-year term to succeed the same class whose term is then expiring. Each director’s term continues until the election and qualification of such director’s successor, or such director’s earlier death, resignation, or removal. This classification of our board of directors may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control of our company.
Nominees
Our nominating and corporate governance committee has recommended, and our board of directors has approved, Kevin R. Mandia and Enrique Salem as nominees for election as Class III directors at the Annual Meeting. If elected, each of Messrs. Mandia and Salem will serve as Class III directors until the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualified. Each of the nominees is currently a director of our company. For information concerning the nominees, please see the section titled “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance.”
If you are a stockholder of record and you sign your proxy card or vote over the Internet or by telephone but do not give instructions with respect to the voting of directors, your shares will be voted FOR the re-election of Messrs. Mandia and Salem. We expect that Messrs. Mandia and Salem will accept such nomination; however, in the event that a director nominee is unable or declines to serve as a director at the time of the Annual Meeting, the proxies will be voted for any nominee who shall be designated by our board of directors to fill such vacancy. If you are a beneficial owner of shares of our common stock and you do not give voting instructions to your broker, bank or other nominee, then your broker, bank or other nominee will leave your shares unvoted on this matter.
Vote Required
Our bylaws and Corporate Governance Guidelines provide for a majority voting standard in uncontested elections of directors. An uncontested election is one in which the number of nominees for director does not exceed the number of directors to be elected. The director election taking place at this meeting is uncontested, and therefore, the majority voting standard will apply. That means, in order for a nominee to be elected, the votes cast “FOR” such nominee’s election must exceed the votes cast “AGAINST” such nominee’s election. Abstentions and broker non-votes with respect to the election of any nominee will have no effect on such nominee’s election. Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, each director is required to submit in advance an irrevocable, conditional resignation that will be effective only upon both (1) the failure to receive the required vote at the next stockholders’ meeting at which the director faces reelection and (2) our board of directors’ acceptance of such resignation. If an incumbent director fails to receive the required vote for reelection, our nominating and corporate governance committee will act to determine whether to accept the director’s resignation and will submit its recommendation to our board of directors for consideration.
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE TWO NOMINEES
NAMED ABOVE.
 
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PROPOSAL NO. 2
RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Our audit committee has appointed Deloitte & Touche LLP (“Deloitte”), as our independent registered public accounting firm to audit our consolidated financial statements for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022. Deloitte also served as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2021.
At the Annual Meeting, stockholders are being asked to ratify the appointment of Deloitte as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022. Stockholder ratification of the appointment of Deloitte is not required by our bylaws or other applicable legal requirements. However, our board of directors is submitting the appointment of Deloitte to our stockholders for ratification as a matter of good corporate governance. In the event that this appointment is not ratified by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote, such appointment will be reconsidered by our audit committee. Even if the appointment is ratified, our audit committee, in its sole discretion, may appoint another independent registered public accounting firm at any time during our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 if our audit committee believes that such a change would be in the best interests of Mandiant and its stockholders. A representative of Deloitte is expected to be present at the Annual Meeting, will have an opportunity to make a statement if he or she wishes to do so, and is expected to be available to respond to appropriate questions from stockholders.
Fees Paid to the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The following table presents fees for professional audit services and other services rendered to us by Deloitte for our fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
​ ​ ​
2021
​ ​
2020
​
Audit Fees(1)
​ ​ ​ $ 4,518,970 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 3,051,261 ​ ​
Audit-Related Fees(2)
​ ​ ​ ​ 791,720 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Tax Fees(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
All Other Fees
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ $ 5,310,690 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 3,051,261 ​ ​
​
(1)
“Audit Fees” consist of fees for professional services rendered in connection with the audit of our annual financial statements, review of our quarterly financial statements, and services that are normally provided by Deloitte in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years. Fees for 2021 also included fees billed for professional services rendered in connection with Form S-3 and S-8 consent issuances. Fees for 2020 also included fees billed for professional services rendered in connection with our acquisition of Respond Software and Form S-8 consent issuances.
​
(2)
“Audit-Related Fees” consist of fees for professional services for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” Fees for 2021 included fees billed for professional services rendered in connection with the audit of the FireEye Products business financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020.
​
(3)
“Tax Fees” consist of fees for professional services rendered by Deloitte for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning.
​
Auditor Independence
In 2021, there were no other professional services provided by Deloitte that would have required our audit committee to consider their compatibility with maintaining the independence of Deloitte.
Audit Committee Policy on Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Our audit committee has established a policy governing our use of the services of our independent registered public accounting firm. Under the policy, our audit committee is required to pre-approve all audit
 
33
 
and permissible non-audit services performed by our independent registered public accounting firm in order to ensure that the provision of such services does not impair such accounting firm’s independence. All fees paid to Deloitte for our fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021 were pre-approved by our audit committee.
Vote Required
The ratification of the appointment of Deloitte requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of our common stock present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote thereon. Abstentions will have the effect of a vote AGAINST the proposal.
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE
RATIFICATION OF THE APPOINTMENT OF DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP AS OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR OUR FISCAL YEAR
ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2022.
 
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PROPOSAL NO. 3
ADVISORY VOTE TO APPROVE NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICER COMPENSATION
In accordance with Section 14A of the Exchange Act and SEC rules, we are providing our stockholders with the opportunity to vote to approve, on an advisory (and non-binding) basis, the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in accordance with SEC rules in the “Executive Compensation” section of this proxy statement beginning on page 40 below. This proposal, commonly known as a “say-on-pay” proposal, gives our stockholders the opportunity to express their views on our named executive officers’ compensation as a whole. This vote is not intended to address any specific item of compensation or any specific named executive officer, but rather the overall compensation of all of our named executive officers and the philosophy, policies and practices described in this proxy statement.
The say-on-pay vote is advisory, and therefore not binding on Mandiant, our compensation committee or our board of directors. The say-on-pay vote will, however, provide information to us regarding investor sentiment about our executive compensation philosophy, program, policies and practices, which our compensation committee will be able to consider when determining executive compensation for the remainder of the current fiscal year and beyond. Our board of directors and our compensation committee value the opinions of our stockholders and to the extent there is any significant vote against our named executive officers’ compensation as disclosed in this proxy statement, we will consider our stockholders’ concerns and our compensation committee will evaluate whether any actions are necessary to address those concerns.
We believe that the information we have provided in the “Executive Compensation” section of this proxy statement, and in particular the information discussed in “Executive Compensation — Compensation Discussion and Analysis — Compensation Philosophy and Objectives” beginning on page 44 below, demonstrates that our executive compensation program was designed appropriately and is working to ensure the retention of key management talent and that management’s interests are aligned with our stockholders’ interests to support long-term value creation. Accordingly, we ask our stockholders to vote “FOR” the following resolution at the Annual Meeting:
“RESOLVED, that Mandiant’s stockholders approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation paid to the named executive officers, as disclosed in Mandiant’s proxy statement for the 2022 annual meeting pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the SEC, including the compensation discussion and analysis, compensation tables and narrative discussion, and other related disclosure.”
Vote Required
The approval, on an advisory basis, of named executive officer compensation requires an affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of our common stock present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote thereon to be approved. Accordingly, abstentions will have the effect of a vote AGAINST the proposal. Broker non-votes will have no effect on this proposal.
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL, ON AN ADVISORY BASIS, OF THE COMPENSATION PAID TO OUR NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AS DISCLOSED IN THIS PROXY STATEMENT.
 
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PROPOSAL NO. 4
ADVISORY VOTE ON THE FREQUENCY OF FUTURE
ADVISORY VOTES TO APPROVE NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICER COMPENSATION
Stockholders have the opportunity to advise our board of directors, in an advisory (and non-binding) vote, whether we should conduct an advisory (and non-binding) vote to approve named executive officer compensation (that is, votes similar to the non-binding vote in Proposal No. 3 above) every one, two or three years.
While our compensation strategies are related to both short-term and longer-term business outcomes, we realize that compensation decisions are made annually. We also believe that an annual advisory vote to approve named executive officer compensation will give us more frequent feedback on our compensation disclosures and named executive officer compensation program. Our board of directors has determined that holding an advisory vote to approve named executive officer compensation every year is the most appropriate policy for us at this time, and recommends that stockholders vote for future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation to occur each year.
The frequency that receives the highest number of votes cast will be deemed to be the frequency selected by the stockholders. Because this vote is advisory, it will not be binding on Mandiant or our board of directors. However, the compensation committee will consider the outcome of the stockholder vote, along with other relevant factors, in recommending a voting frequency to our board of directors.
Vote Required
The frequency of future advisory votes to approve named executive officer compensation selected by stockholders requires a plurality vote of the shares of our common stock present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote thereon to be approved. This means that the frequency (1 year, 2 years or 3 years) that receives the highest number of votes will be considered as the frequency selected by our stockholders. Broker non-votes will have no effect on this proposal.
THE BOARD RECOMMENDS A VOTE FOR A FREQUENCY OF ONCE EVERY “1 YEAR” FOR FUTURE ADVISORY VOTES TO APPROVE NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICER COMPENSATION.
 
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AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT
The information contained in the following Audit Committee Report shall not be deemed to be soliciting material or to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that Mandiant, Inc., or the Company, specifically incorporates it by reference in such filing.
The audit committee has reviewed and discussed the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements with management and Deloitte & Touche LLP (“Deloitte”), the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. The audit committee has discussed with Deloitte the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The audit committee has received and reviewed the written disclosures and the letter from Deloitte required by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding Deloitte’s communications with the audit committee concerning independence, and has discussed with Deloitte its independence.
Based on the review and discussions referred to above, the audit committee recommended to the board of directors that the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Respectfully submitted by the members of the audit committee of the board of directors:
Kimberly Alexy (Chair)
Ronald E. F. Codd
Robert E. Switz
 
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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table identifies certain information about our executive officers as of April 6, 2022. Each executive officer serves at the discretion of our board of directors and holds office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.
Name
​ ​
Age
​ ​
Position(s)
​
Kevin R. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ 51 ​ ​ ​ Chief Executive Officer and Director ​
William T. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ 54 ​ ​ ​ Executive Vice President and Chief Revenue Officer ​
Frank E. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ 51 ​ ​ ​ Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer ​
John P. Watters
​ ​ ​ ​ 58 ​ ​ ​ President and Chief Operating Officer ​
Kevin R. Mandia has served as our Chief Executive Officer since June 2016 and as a member of our board of directors since February 2016. He previously served as our President from February 2015 to June 2016 and as our Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer from the date of Mandiant’s acquisition of Mandiant Corporation, in December 2013 through February 2015. Prior to joining Mandiant Corporation, Mr. Mandia was the Chief Executive Officer of Mandiant Corporation and had served in that capacity since he founded Mandiant Corporation in 2004. Prior to forming Mandiant Corporation, Mr. Mandia served as the Director of Computer Forensics at Foundstone (later acquired by McAfee Corporation) from 2000 to 2003 and as the Director of Information Security for Sytex (later acquired by Lockheed Martin) from 1998 to 2000. From 1993 to 2000, Mr. Mandia was an officer in the United States Air Force, where he served in various capacities, including as a computer security officer in the 7th Communications Group at the Pentagon, and later as a special agent in the Air Force Office of Special Investigations (AFOSI). Mr. Mandia holds a B.S. in Computer Science from Lafayette College and an M.S. in Forensic Science from The George Washington University. Mr. Mandia has served as a member of the Cybersecurity Advisory Committee for the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency since December 2021. In 2011, Mr. Mandia was named Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year for the Greater Washington area. He completed the Harvard Business School’s Owner/President Management Program in February 2013. Mr. Mandia has taught graduate level courses at Carnegie Melon University and The George Washington University and has co-authored two books on responding to security breaches: Incident Response: Performing Computer Forensics (McGraw-Hill, 2003) and Incident Response: Investigating Computer Crime (McGraw-Hill, 2001). Our board of directors believes that Mr. Mandia possesses specific attributes that qualify him to serve as a director, including the perspective and experience he brings as our Chief Executive Officer and his extensive senior management expertise in the network security industry.
William T. Robbins has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Revenue Officer since February 2020. He previously served as our General Manager of Products from February 2020 to January 2021 and as our Executive Vice President of Worldwide Sales from November 2016 to February 2020. Prior to joining Mandiant, Mr. Robbins was Executive Vice President of Worldwide Sales of Nuance Communications, Inc. from December 2013 to November 2016. From January 2013 to December 2013, Mr. Robbins served as Chief Operating Officer of [24]7. From May 2005 to December 2012, Mr. Robbins held various positions at Symantec Corporation, most recently as Executive Vice President, Worldwide Sales & Services. Mr. Robbins holds both a B.S. in Economics and a B.B.A. in Finance from Southern Methodist University.
Frank E. Verdecanna has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since February 2017. He previously served as our Chief Accounting Officer from August 2016 to February 2022, as our Senior Vice President of Finance from November 2015 to February 2017, as our interim Chief Financial Officer from August 2015 to September 2015 and as our Vice President of Finance from November 2012 to November 2015. Prior to joining Mandiant, Mr. Verdecanna was the Chief Financial Officer of Apptera, Inc., a mobile communications and advertising company, from February 2010 to November 2012. From October 2000 to July 2009, Mr. Verdecanna held various finance positions, most recently as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, at iPass Inc., a publicly traded global provider of mobility software and services. Mr. Verdecanna holds a B.S. in Business Administration from California Polytechnic State University-San Luis Obispo.
 
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John P. Watters has served as our President and Chief Operating Officer since April 2021. He previously served in various roles with us since we acquired iSIGHT Security, Inc. (d/b/a iSIGHT Partners, Inc.) (“iSIGHT Partners”) in 2016, including as a consultant from May 2020 to April 2021, as Chairman of our Advisory Board from April 2020 to April 2021, as Executive Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer from February 2018 to April 2020, as Executive Vice President, Global Services and Intelligence from January 2017 to January 2018, and as President, iSIGHT from March 2016 to January 2017. Prior to Mandiant, Mr. Watters served as founder, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of iSIGHT Partners from November 2006 to February 2016. Prior to iSIGHT Partners, Mr. Watters was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of iDEFENSE, a security intelligence firm acquired by VeriSign in 2005. In addition, Mr. Watters served as an independent business consultant from April 2020 to April 2021, has served as founder, director and President of Dorset Capital Corporation, an investment firm, since 1998, and has served as founder, director and President of the STAIRS Program, a non-profit organization supporting inner-city education, since 2000. Mr. Watters holds a B.S.C degree in Finance from Santa Clara University.
 
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
This Compensation Discussion and Analysis provides information regarding the 2021 compensation of our principal executive officer, our principal financial officer, two executive officers (other than our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer) who were our most highly-compensated executive officers as of the end of 2021, and two additional individuals who were executive officers during part of 2021 but were not serving as executive officers at the end of 2021. These individuals were:
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Peter Bailey, our Executive Vice President, Mandiant Solutions;
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Alexa King, our former Executive Vice President, Corporate and Legal Affairs, General Counsel and Secretary;
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Kevin R. Mandia, our Chief Executive Officer (our “Chief Executive Officer”);
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William T. Robbins, our Executive Vice President and Chief Revenue Officer;
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Frank E. Verdecanna, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer; and
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John P. Watters, our President and Chief Operating Officer.
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These individuals (with the applicable titles described above as of the end of 2021) were our named executive officers (our “Named Executive Officers”) for 2021.
Management Changes
Mr. Bailey’s title of Executive Vice President at the start of 2021 was changed to Executive Vice President, Mandiant Solutions, and Mr. Robbins relinquished his title of General Manager of Products, in each case effective January 28, 2021. Effective April 5, 2021, we appointed John P. Watters as our President and Chief Operating Officer, and Mr. Bailey relinquished his title of Chief Operating Officer. Alexa King resigned from her positions of Executive Vice President, Corporate and Legal Affairs, General Counsel and Secretary effective November 1, 2021 and then became our Strategic Advisor until March 1, 2022. On February 7, 2022, Mr. Verdecanna relinquished his title of Chief Accounting Officer.
Overview
This Compensation Discussion and Analysis describes the material elements of our executive compensation program during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. It also provides an overview of our executive compensation philosophy, as well as our principal compensation policies and practices. Finally, it analyzes how and why the compensation committee of our board of directors arrived at the specific compensation decisions for our executive officers, including our Named Executive Officers, in 2021, and discusses the key factors that our compensation committee and our board of directors considered in determining the compensation of our Named Executive Officers.
Executive Summary, Strategic Context and 2021 Business Highlights
We provide a broad portfolio of cybersecurity solutions and services that allow organizations to prepare for, prevent, respond to, investigate and remediate cyber attacks. Since 2013, we have evolved our business from a focus on appliance-based detection and prevention of stealthy and targeted cyber-attacks in customers’ on-premise networks by expanding our portfolio of technologies and services to help our customers address today’s cybersecurity challenges. Our cybersecurity solutions are designed to rapidly incorporate the latest threat intelligence as the threat environment evolves.
Our Mandiant solutions include our controls-agnostic threat intelligence, validation, attack surface management and XDR SaaS solutions, as well as our portfolio of managed services and consulting services. Our solutions include our controls-agnostic software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) security validation platform, threat intelligence and automated extended detection and response (XDR) software. These SaaS solutions are complemented by our technology-enabled managed services and our Mandiant incident response and strategic cybersecurity consulting services. We introduced Mandiant Advantage in October 2020 to enable customers
 
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to access all Mandiant Solutions through a single cloud-based platform. Prior to June 2021, we also offered service under our FireEye security control products for network, email, endpoint and cloud security. On June 2, 2021, we announced we had entered into a definitive agreement to sell the FireEye Products business, including the FireEye name, to a consortium led by Symphony Technology Group (STG). The sale was completed on October 8, 2021.
The cybersecurity industry is highly competitive. We believe the market opportunity is substantial, but we must adapt rapidly to changes in the threat environment and the development of new technologies to be successful.
Our business strategy is based on the fundamental belief that our hands-on cybersecurity expertise and threat intelligence, combined with our innovative technologies, can protect our customers from the catastrophic consequences of cyber attacks. Our real-time knowledge of the threat landscape and the tools and techniques used by today’s threat actors allows us to establish trusted advisor relationships with our customers, contributing to high customer retention and follow-on purchases of additional solutions. Additionally, we apply our threat intelligence and the expertise gained on the front lines of cyber conflict in a unique learning system and innovation cycle that guides our product and solutions development efforts and helps our managed services and consulting teams identify, respond to and remediate breaches.
In March 2022, we announced that we had entered into a definitive agreement to be acquired by Google LLC for $23.00 per share in an all-cash transaction valued at approximately $5.4 billion, inclusive of Mandiant’s net cash. The acquisition is subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of Mandiant stockholder and regulatory approvals.
2021-Related Executive Compensation Actions
Consistent with our performance and compensation objectives, our compensation committee or our board of directors, as applicable, approved the following actions related to the 2021 compensation for our Named Executive Officers:
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Base Salary.   Increased the base salary of Ms. King by 2.5% over her 2020 level to reflect competitive market conditions, and approved a base salary for Mr. Watters in connection with his appointment as President and Chief Operating Officer. None of our other Named Executive Officers were given base salary increases for 2021;
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Target Cash Incentive Compensation Opportunities.   Increased the target annual cash incentive compensation opportunity of Ms. King by 2.5% over her 2020 level to reflect competitive market conditions, and approved a target annual cash incentive compensation opportunity for Mr. Watters in connection with his appointment as President and Chief Operating Officer. None of our other Named Executive Officers were given target annual cash incentive compensation increases for 2021;
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Short-Term Incentive Compensation.   Based upon the levels of achievement of the corporate performance objectives and individual performance objectives established under our Employee Incentive Plan for the 2021 target annual cash incentive compensation opportunities of our Named Executive Officers, approved cash payouts ranging from $183,364 to $396,699 for our Named Executive Officers other than our Chief Executive Officer, with a cash payout for our Chief Executive Officer in the amount of $391,820 (representing 89% of his 2021 target annual cash incentive compensation opportunity);
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Discretionary Cash Bonus.   Awarded a discretionary cash bonus in the amount of $50,000 to Ms. King in recognition of her exemplary individual performance supporting us with the security incident we announced in December 2020. None of our other Named Executive Officers were awarded discretionary cash bonuses in 2021;
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Long-Term Incentive Compensation.   Continued the practice of providing long-term incentive compensation in the form of restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards and performance-based restricted stock unit (“PSU”) awards for shares of our common stock;
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Equity Awards.   Granted a combination of RSU and PSU awards to our Named Executive Officers, subject to a time-based vesting requirement in the case of the RSU awards and both a performance
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condition and a time-based vesting requirement in the case of the PSU awards. 20% of the PSU awards granted in 2021 to our Named Executive Officers (other than to Mr. Watters) were tied to a relative Total Shareholder Return (rTSR) performance measure based on our stock performance relative to the stock performance of companies in the Russell 2000 Index over a three-year performance period (2021 – 2023). In the case of Mr. Watters, 57% of the PSU awards granted in 2021 were tied to established stock price milestone achievements. The aggregate grant date fair value (at target) of the equity awards granted to our Named Executive Officers ranged from $2,496,535 to $15,283,950 for our Named Executive Officers other than our Chief Executive Officer, with the aggregate grant date fair value of our Chief Executive Officer’s equity awards being $6,946,880; and
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Payout of PSU Awards Granted in 2019, 2020, and 2021.   Paid out PSUs based upon the level of achievement of the performance conditions for the portion of the PSU awards granted in 2019, 2020, and 2021 that were tied to 2021 corporate performance measures and the rTSR performance measure for the 2019-2021 performance period, subject to the continued service of the applicable Named Executive Officers through the applicable vesting date (i.e., February 2022).
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Pay for Performance
A significant portion of the target total direct compensation provided to our Named Executive Officers each year is at-risk and subject to our achieving our operating results as follows:
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Our short-term incentive compensation program requires achievement of corporate and/or individual objectives for any payment to be made thereunder.
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A significant portion (i.e., more than 50%) of the equity awards granted in 2021 to our Named Executive Officers were both at-risk and subject to achievement of pre-established performance objectives. If the performance objectives were not achieved at a threshold level, then none of the shares of our common stock subject to the PSU awards would be earned.
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Executive Compensation-Related Policies and Practices
We endeavor to maintain sound executive compensation policies and practices, including compensation-related corporate governance standards that are consistent with our executive compensation philosophy. During 2021, we maintained the following executive compensation policies and practices, including both policies and practices we have implemented to drive performance and policies and practices that either prohibit or minimize behavior that we do not believe serve our stockholders’ long-term interests:
What We Do
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Independent Compensation Committee.   We maintain a compensation committee comprised solely of independent directors who have established effective means for communicating with our stockholders regarding their executive compensation opinions and concerns.
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Independent Compensation Advisors.   We enable our compensation committee to engage and retain its own advisors. During 2021, our compensation committee engaged Compensia, Inc., a national compensation consulting firm, to assist with its responsibilities.
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Annual Executive Compensation Review.   We support our compensation committee in its annual review of our executive compensation strategy, including its review of the compensation peer group used for comparative purposes and, to help avoid creating compensation-related risks that would be reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us, its annual review of our compensation-related risk profile.
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Equity-Based Compensation with Multi-Year Vesting Requirements.   Our compensation committee designs the equity awards granted to our executive officers to be consistent with current market practice. A significant portion of the equity awards vest over multi-year periods, which serves our long-term value creation goals and retention objectives.
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Prohibition on Hedging, Pledging, and Short Sales.   We prohibit short sales, hedging and transactions in derivatives of Mandiant securities for all Mandiant personnel, including directors, officers, employees, independent contractors and consultants. In addition, we prohibit our executive officers
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and the non-employee members of our board of directors from pledging their equity securities or using such securities as collateral for a loan.
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Annual Succession Planning.   We support our board of directors in its review of the risks associated with our key executive positions on an annual basis so that we have an adequate succession strategy and plans are in place for our most critical positions.
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Stock Ownership Guidelines.   We maintain formal stock ownership guidelines for our executive officers and the non-employee members of our board of directors to support these individuals acting as owners of the Company.
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Clawback Policy.   We maintain a clawback policy which provides that, in the event we are required to prepare an accounting restatement as a result of fraud or intentional misconduct, we may recover from those current and former executive officers who are subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and were involved in the fraud or misconduct any incentive compensation erroneously paid or awarded in excess of what would have been paid pursuant to the restated financial statements.
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What We Do Not Do
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No Retirement Plans Other than Standard 401(k) Offered to All Employees.   We do not offer pension arrangements, defined benefit retirement plans, or nonqualified deferred compensation plans to our executive officers.
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No Repricing or Reissuance of Stock Options.   We do not reprice or reissue options to purchase shares of our common stock without stockholder approval.
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Limited Perquisites.   We do not provide perquisites and other personal benefits to our executive officers unless they serve a sound business purpose.
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Limited “Single Trigger” Change of Control Payments or Benefits.   Other than our PSU awards with a total shareholder return performance metrics that may accelerate vesting on a pro-rata basis in connection with a change in control, with the balance of such PSU awards that are eligible to vest subject to continued vesting requirements, we do not provide “single trigger” change of control payments or benefits to our executive officers.
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No Tax Gross-up for Change in Control Payments or Benefits.   We do not provide tax gross-ups for change in control payments or benefits to our executive officers.
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No Strict Benchmarking of Compensation.   We do not benchmark compensation to a specific percentile of our peer group.
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No Guaranteed Compensation.   We do not provide guaranteed incentive compensation, indefinite contracts, or excessive severance payments to our executive officers.
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Response to Stockholder Advisory Vote on Named Executive Officer Compensation
Our compensation committee considers the results of the annual stockholder advisory vote on the compensation of our named executive officers, as well as stockholder feedback on our executive compensation program, as part of its annual executive compensation review. In response to stockholder feedback, as well as the views expressed by the major proxy advisory firms in their annual compensation review and voting recommendations, we continue to revise and enhance our executive compensation program while remaining consistent with our compensation objectives, “pay for performance” philosophy and corporate values.
In 2019, we asked our stockholders to approve, on a non-binding advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers for the year ended December 31, 2018. This “say-on-pay” proposal received support from approximately 94% of the votes cast. As a result, we believe that our stockholders favorably viewed the structure of our executive compensation program. However, in response to feedback from our stockholders received through our ongoing stockholder engagement efforts and commentary from the major proxy advisory firms in their annual compensation analysis and voting recommendations, and due to competitive market conditions, we made the following changes to our 2020 executive compensation program:
 
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For our 2020 annual cash incentive program, we added annualized recurring revenue (“ARR”) as an additional corporate performance measure. This change responded to specific feedback we received that we add ARR as a performance measure for our executive compensation program because investors generally place a higher relative value on companies with significant recurring revenues, and ARR aligns with how our customers are increasingly purchasing our solutions and services and how we are managing our business as we offer more and more solutions through subscriptions and services.
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For time-based equity awards granted in 2020 to our existing executive officers, but not any time-based equity awards granted in 2020 to any new executive officers, we provided that the awards are scheduled to vest quarterly in 16 equal installments over four years. This differed from our prior practice where 25% of the awards were scheduled to vest after one year, with the remaining portion being scheduled to vest quarterly in 12 equal installments thereafter over the following three years. This change was to help make our “follow-on” time-based equity awards more competitive with the practices of our competitors and is consistent with the practices of many companies in our compensation peer group.
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At our 2020 annual meeting of stockholders, our “say-on-pay” proposal received support from approximately 95% of the votes cast. As a result, we believe that our stockholders favorably viewed the structure of our executive compensation program. However, in response to feedback from our stockholders received through our ongoing stockholder engagement efforts, and due to competitive market conditions, we made the following additional changes to our executive compensation program for 2021:
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For the performance-based equity awards granted in 2021, we used the general framework that we used in 2020 except we replaced the billings performance measure with a revenue performance measure and equally weighted the revenue and non-GAAP operating income performance measures. The change in financial metrics responded to feedback we received that our revenue performance may be a better indicator than our billings performance for our progress on our transformation journey.
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For our 2021 annual cash incentive program, we removed revenue as one of the corporate performance measures, since we added revenue as a corporate performance measure for the performance-based equity awards granted in 2021. The removal responded to specific feedback we received that we refrain from using the same performance measure for both our short-term and long-term incentive compensation programs.
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In 2021, our “say-on-pay” proposal received support from approximately 98% of the votes cast. As a result, we believe that our stockholders favorably viewed the structure of our executive compensation program. However, in response to feedback from our stockholders received through our ongoing stockholder engagement efforts, and due to competitive market conditions, for our 2022 annual cash incentive program, we increased the weighting of annual recurring revenue to 50% from 35%, decreased the weighting of free cash flow from 35% to 30%, and decreased the weighting of individual performance measures from 30% to 20%. The changes in weightings to emphasize annual recurring revenue were in response to feedback from investors that they were especially focused on the growth of our annual recurring revenue following our divestiture of the FireEye Products business in October 2021.
For 2022, in light of the anticipated transaction with Google, we did not issue PSUs to our executive officers, and instead issued them RSUs in March 2022 with a one-year performance period.
Our compensation committee continues to consider best practices from a stockholder and corporate governance perspective when it designs our executive compensation program. Further, our compensation committee continues to consider feedback received through our stockholder engagement efforts, as well as the results of the annual advisory vote on our executive compensation program and policies, and use this feedback in shaping our future executive compensation program.
Compensation Philosophy and Objectives
Compensation Philosophy
As a cybersecurity provider, we operate in a rapidly evolving and intensely competitive industry sector. To succeed in this environment, we must attract and retain a highly talented executive team, including executive officers with strong leadership skills who can run our business functions, achieve results that meet our clients’
 
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objectives, and sell our products, subscriptions and services. We compete with other companies in our industry and other technology companies to attract and retain a skilled management team. We have designed our executive compensation program to accomplish our goals in the highly competitive area for top talent, while at the same time fostering a “pay for performance” environment that aligns the long-term interests of our executive officers with the interests of our stockholders.
Compensation Program Objectives
To be successful in our industry requires that we continually build on our expertise in the cybersecurity space, expand the breadth and quality of our solutions, continuously enhance our technology platforms, and manage our expanding operations efficiently and effectively. Our executive compensation program is designed to achieve these objectives so that we are able to:
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attract and retain talented and experienced executive officers, who possess the knowledge, skills, and leadership criteria critical to our success;
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motivate these executive officers to achieve our business objectives and uphold our core values;
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promote teamwork within the executive team, while also recognizing the unique role each executive officer plays in our success; and
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ensure the alignment of the long-term interests of our executive officers with the interests of our stockholders.
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Throughout 2021, we continued to evaluate our compensation philosophy and program objectives as circumstances required. Our compensation committee reviewed executive compensation in 2021, and, as part of this review process, our compensation committee applied our values and the objectives described above, while considering the compensation levels needed to ensure that our executive compensation program remains competitive.
Compensation-Setting Process
Role of Compensation Committee
Our compensation committee oversees our executive compensation and other compensation and benefit programs, administers our equity compensation plans, and reviews, formulates, and determines the design and amount of compensation for our executive officers, including our Named Executive Officers, except that any approvals by our compensation committee relating to the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer are subject to the ratification of our board of directors (with any non-independent directors abstaining from the vote).
At the beginning of each year, our compensation committee reviews our executive compensation program, including any incentive compensation plans and arrangements to determine whether they are appropriate, properly coordinated, and achieve their intended purposes and makes any modifications to existing plans and arrangements or adopts new plans or arrangements. Our compensation committee also conducts an annual review of our executive compensation strategy to ensure that it is appropriately aligned with our business strategy and the achievement of our desired objectives. Further, our compensation committee reviews market trends and changes in competitive compensation practices, as further described below. Based on its review and assessment, our compensation committee, from time to time, makes changes in our executive compensation program or recommends changes to our board of directors.
The factors considered by our compensation committee in determining the compensation of our executive officers and developing its recommendations to our board of directors for 2021 included:
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the recommendations of our Chief Executive Officer (except with respect to his own compensation) as described below;
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our corporate growth and other elements of financial performance;
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the individual achievement of each executive officer against his or her management objectives;
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a review of the relevant competitive market data (as described below);
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the expected future contribution of the individual executive officer; and
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internal pay equity based on the impact on our business and performance.
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Our compensation committee does not weigh these factors in any predetermined manner, nor does it apply any formulas in developing its compensation determinations and recommendations. Rather, in making its determinations and recommendations, the members of our compensation committee consider all of this information in light of their individual experience, knowledge of the Company, knowledge of the competitive market, knowledge of each executive officer, and business judgment.
Our compensation committee’s authority, duties, and responsibilities are described in its charter, which is reviewed annually and revised and updated as warranted. The charter is available on our website at www.Mandiant.com in the Governance section of our Investor Relations webpage.
Role of Management
Our Chief Executive Officer works closely with our compensation committee in determining the compensation of our other executive officers, including our other Named Executive Officers. Typically, our Chief Executive Officer works with our compensation committee to recommend the structure of the annual cash incentive compensation opportunities, to identify and develop corporate and individual performance objectives for such cash incentive compensation opportunities, and to evaluate actual performance against the selected measures. Our Chief Executive Officer also makes recommendations to our compensation committee as described in the following paragraph and is involved in the determination of compensation for the respective executive officers who report to him.
At the beginning of each year, our Chief Executive Officer reviews the performance of our other executive officers for the previous year, and then shares these evaluations with, and makes recommendations to, our compensation committee for each element of compensation. These recommendations concern the base salary, annual cash incentive compensation, and long-term incentive compensation for each of our executive officers (other than himself) based on our results, the individual executive officer’s contribution to these results, and his or her performance toward achieving his or her individual performance objectives. Our compensation committee then reviews these recommendations and considers the other factors described above and makes decisions as to the target total direct compensation of each executive officer (other than our Chief Executive Officer), as well as each individual compensation element.
While our compensation committee considers our Chief Executive Officer’s recommendations, it only uses these recommendations as one of several factors in making its decisions with respect to the compensation of our executive officers. In all cases, the final decisions on compensation matters are made by our compensation committee or our board of directors (with any non-independent directors abstaining from the vote). Moreover, no executive officer participates in the determination of the amounts or elements of his or her own compensation.
At the request of our compensation committee, our Chief Executive Officer typically attends a portion of each compensation committee meeting in which executive compensation is discussed, including meetings at which our compensation committee’s compensation consultant is present.
Role of Compensation Consultant
Pursuant to its charter, our compensation committee has the authority to retain the services of one or more executive compensation advisors, as it determines in its sole discretion, including compensation consultants, legal counsel, accounting, and other advisors, to assist in the creation of our compensation plans and arrangements and related policies and practices. Our compensation committee makes all determinations regarding the engagement, fees, and services of these external advisors, and any such external advisor reports directly to our compensation committee.
During 2021, our compensation committee engaged Compensia, Inc., a national compensation consulting firm, to provide information, analysis, and other assistance relating to our executive compensation program on an ongoing basis. In 2021, Compensia provided advice with respect to compensation best practices and
 
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market trends for our executive officers and the non-employee members of our board of directors as well as other ad hoc advice and support throughout the year.
Our compensation committee may replace its compensation consultant or hire additional advisors at any time. Representatives of Compensia attend meetings of our compensation committee, as requested, and communicate with our compensation committee Chair and with management as circumstances warrant. All decisions regarding the compensation of our executive officers, however, are made by our compensation committee (provided that any approvals by our compensation committee relating to the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer are subject to the ratification of our board of directors, with any non-independent directors abstaining from the vote) or our board of directors (with any non-independent directors abstaining from the vote).
Compensia reports directly to our compensation committee. Our compensation committee has assessed the independence of Compensia taking into account, among other things, the enhanced independence standards and factors set forth in Exchange Act Rule 10C-1 and the applicable NASDAQ Listing Standards, and concluded that that there are no conflicts of interest with respect to the work that Compensia performs for our compensation committee.
Use of Competitive Market Data
As one of many factors in its deliberations on compensation matters, our compensation committee considers competitive market data on executive compensation levels and practices and a related analysis of such data, but does not use this data for setting compensation levels to meet specific percentiles. This market data is drawn from a select group of peer companies developed by our compensation committee.
At the direction of our compensation committee, Compensia developed a revised compensation peer group in October 2019 to ensure that our executive compensation decisions for 2020 were positioned to be competitive with comparable peer companies. This updated peer group was based on an evaluation of companies that our compensation committee believed were comparable to us, taking into consideration the size of each company (based on revenues and market capitalization) and the following additional factors:
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the comparability of the company’s business model;
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the company’s business services focus;
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the comparability of the company’s operating history;
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the comparability of the company’s organizational complexities and growth attributes;
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the stage of the company’s maturity curve (which increases its likelihood of attracting the type of executive talent for whom we compete);
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the companies we most often compete with for talent when hiring; and
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the comparability of the company’s operational performance (for consistency with our strategy and future performance expectations).
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Based on these criteria, our compensation committee approved an updated compensation peer group consisting of 20 publicly-traded business services and related technology companies. At the time Compensia updated the peer group, the selected companies had revenues ranging from approximately $351 million to approximately $2.9 billion, with a median of $725 million, and market capitalizations ranging from approximately $1.2 billion to approximately $20.1 billion, with a median of $4.4 billion. The companies comprising the compensation peer group were as follows:
​ Aspen Technology ​ ​ Guidewire Software ​ ​ Proofpoint ​
​ Box ​ ​ LendingClub ​ ​ Splunk ​
​ Commvault Systems ​ ​ LogMeIn ​ ​ Twilio ​
​ Cornerstone OnDemand ​ ​ Manhattan Associates ​ ​ Verint Systems ​
​ CrowdStrike Holdings ​ ​ New Relic ​ ​ Yelp ​
​ Envestnet ​ ​ Palo Alto Networks ​ ​ Zendesk ​
​ Fortinet ​ ​ Progress Software ​ ​ ​ ​
 
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Of the 20 companies in our 2020 compensation peer group, 16 were carried over from 2019 (Aspen Technology, Box, Commvault Systems, Cornerstone OnDemand, Envestnet, Fortinet, Guidewire Software, LendingClub, LogMeIn, Palo Alto Networks, Progress Software, Proofpoint, Splunk, Twilio, Yelp and Zendesk). The turnover of our compensation peer group was a result of the evaluation and selection criteria described above.
For 2021, our compensation committee reviewed our compensation peer group and considered performing an analysis to obtain an updated group. However, following its review, our compensation committee determined that the 2020 peer group remained appropriate for 2021 compensation decisions. Our compensation committee determined that considerable questions remained regarding how the Covid-19 pandemic would impact the market for executive talent, and also that we had made no significant changes to our business model since our compensation committee last reviewed our compensation practices with reference to our 2020 peer group. In light of these and other considerations, our compensation committee determined that no substantiative changes to our compensation practices were warranted for 2021, and as a result elected to continue to rely on our 2020 compensation peer group data.
Our compensation committee believes that information regarding the compensation practices at other companies is useful in at least two respects. First, our compensation committee recognizes that our compensation policies and practices must be competitive in the marketplace. Second, this information is useful in assessing the reasonableness and appropriateness of individual executive compensation elements and of our overall executive compensation packages. This information is only one of several factors that our compensation committee considers, however, in making its decisions with respect to the compensation of our executive officers.
Compensation Elements
Our executive compensation program consists primarily of three elements: base salary, short-term incentive compensation in the form of cash awards, and long-term incentive compensation in the form of equity awards. Our executive officers also participate in several Company-wide welfare and health benefit plans, which are consistent with the arrangements offered to our other employees in the United States. Finally, our executive officers are eligible to receive certain post-employment compensation arrangements.
We use these compensation elements to make up our executive compensation program because (i) they are consistent with the programs of other companies in our competitive market and allow us to effectively compete for highly-qualified talent, (ii) each element supports achievement of one or more of our compensation objectives, and (iii) collectively, they have been and, we believe, will continue to be, effective means for motivating our executive officers. We view the three primary compensation elements as related, but distinct, components of our total compensation program. We do not believe that total compensation should be derived from a single element, or that significant compensation from one element should negate or reduce compensation from other elements.
Each of these compensation elements is discussed in detail below, including a description of the particular element and how it fits into our overall executive compensation and a discussion of the amounts of compensation paid to our Named Executive Officers in 2021 under each of these elements.
Base Salary
We believe that a competitive base salary is necessary to attract and retain a stable executive team. Base salaries for our executive officers are also intended to be competitive with those received by other individuals in similar positions at the companies with which we compete for talent, as well as equitable across the executive team.
Generally, we establish the initial base salaries of our executive officers through arm’s-length negotiation at the time we hire the individual executive officer, taking into account his or her position, qualifications, experience, prior salary level, and the base salaries of our other executive officers.
Thereafter, our compensation committee or our board of directors reviews the base salaries of our executive officers, including our Named Executive Officers, at least annually and makes adjustments to base salaries as it determines to be necessary or appropriate.
 
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In January 2021, our compensation committee reviewed the base salaries of our executive officers, taking into consideration the recommendations of our Chief Executive Officer (except with respect to his own base salary), as well as the other factors described above. Following this review, our compensation committee determined that an adjustment was necessary and appropriate only in the case of Ms. King to maintain the competitiveness of her target total cash compensation and decided to increase her base salary compared to her 2020 level, effective as of January 1, 2021.
In February 2021, our board of directors determined that no adjustment was necessary or appropriate with respect to Mr. Mandia’s base salary.
In April 2021, our board of directors approved the base salary for Mr. Watters in connection with his appointment as President and Chief Operating Officer.
The ending base salaries of our Named Executive Officers for 2021 compared to 2020 levels were as follows:
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
Ending 2020
Base Salary
​ ​
Ending 2021
Base Salary
​ ​
Amount
Increase
​ ​
Percentage
Increase
​
Mr. Bailey
​ ​ ​ $ 400,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 400,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​
Ms. King
​ ​ ​ $ 395,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 405,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 10,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2.5% ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​ ​ $ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 440,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​ ​ $ 475,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 475,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​
Mr. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ $ 410,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 410,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​
Mr. Watters(1) ​ ​
—
​ ​ ​ $ 600,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​
​
(1)
Mr. Watters received a base salary in connection with his appointment as President and Chief Operating Officer. Prior to that appointment, he served as a consultant and was not eligible for a base salary.
​
The base salaries earned by our Named Executive Officers for 2021 are set forth in the “Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal Year 2021” below.
Annual Cash Incentive Compensation — Overview
We use annual cash incentive compensation paid under our Employee Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”) to motivate our executive officers, including our Named Executive Officers, and other designated employees to achieve our short-term financial and operational objectives while making progress towards our longer-term growth and other goals. Consistent with our executive compensation philosophy, this annual cash incentive compensation is intended to help us deliver a competitive total direct compensation opportunity to our executive officers.
Under the Incentive Plan, our compensation committee or our board of directors establishes annual performance measures and related target levels applicable to any cash incentive compensation opportunity under the Incentive Plan each year. Performance objectives that involve our financial results may be determined in accordance with GAAP or may consist of non-GAAP financial measures, and any actual results may be adjusted by our compensation committee or our board of directors for one-time items or unbudgeted or unexpected items when determining whether the performance objectives have been met. Individual performance objectives may be established on the basis of any factors our compensation committee or our board of directors determines relevant, and may be adjusted on an individual, divisional, business unit, or Company-wide basis. The performance objectives may differ from participant to participant and from cash incentive compensation opportunity to cash incentive compensation opportunity.
Our compensation committee or our board of directors may, in its sole discretion and at any time, increase, reduce, or eliminate a participant’s actual cash payment, and/or increase, reduce, or eliminate the amount of cash allocated for a particular performance period. The actual cash payment may be below, at, or above a participant’s target cash incentive compensation opportunity, in our compensation committee’s or our board of directors’ sole discretion. Our compensation committee or our board of directors may determine the amount of any reduction or increase on the basis of such factors as it deems relevant, and it is not required
 
49
 
to establish any allocation or weighting with respect to the factors it considers. Actual cash incentive compensation is paid only after it is earned.
Our compensation committee and our board of directors have the authority to amend, alter, suspend, or terminate annual performance measures and related target levels, provided that such action does not impair the existing rights of any participant with respect to any earned cash incentive compensation.
Target Cash Incentive Compensation Opportunities
Our compensation committee or our board of directors reviews the performance of each executive officer, including each of our Named Executive Officers, relative to his or her target cash incentive compensation opportunity objectives at its regularly scheduled first quarter meeting. Based on this review, our compensation committee (with respect to each executive officer other than our Chief Executive Officer) or our board of directors determines and approves the cash payment for each of our eligible executive officers.
In January 2021, our compensation committee reviewed the annual target cash incentive compensation opportunities of our executive officers, taking into consideration the recommendations of our Chief Executive Officer (except with respect to his own annual target cash incentive compensation opportunity), as well as the other factors described above. Following its review, our compensation committee determined that an adjustment was necessary and appropriate only in the case of Ms. King to maintain the competitiveness of her target total cash compensation and decided to increase her annual target cash incentive compensation opportunity compared to her 2020 level, effective as of January 1, 2021.
Additionally, in January 2021, under the terms of the Incentive Plan, our compensation committee proposed, and in February 2021 our board of directors approved, annual performance measures and related target levels for potential 2021 cash incentive compensation for our executive officers (the “2021 Incentive Compensation Plan”). The 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan provided the eligible executive officers with an opportunity to receive cash incentive compensation in February 2022, subject to the achievement of corporate and individual performance objectives in 2021. As described in more detail below, as a result of our divestiture of the FireEye Products business in 2021, our board of directors revised the annual performance measures and related target levels under our 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan for 2021 cash incentive compensation.
In February 2021, our board of directors determined that no adjustment was necessary or appropriate with respect to Mr. Mandia’s annual target total cash incentive compensation opportunity.
In April 2021, our board of directors approved an annual target cash incentive compensation opportunity for Mr. Watters in connection with his appointment as President and Chief Operating Officer.
The annual target cash incentive compensation opportunities of our Named Executive Officers under the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan were as follows:
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
2020 Target
Cash
Incentive
Compensation
Opportunity
​ ​
2021 Target
Cash
Incentive
Compensation
Opportunity
​ ​
Amount
Increase
​ ​
Percentage
Increase
​ ​
2021 Target
Cash
Incentive
Compensation
Opportunity
(as a percentage
of ending 2021
annual base
salary)
​
Mr. Bailey
​ ​ ​ $ 225,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 225,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​ ​ ​ ​ 56% ​ ​
Ms. King
​ ​ ​ $ 197,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 202,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 5,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 50% ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​ ​ $ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 440,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​ ​ ​ ​ 100% ​ ​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​ ​ $ 380,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 380,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​ ​ ​ ​ 80% ​ ​
Mr. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ $ 246,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 246,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​ ​ ​ ​ 60% ​ ​
Mr. Watters(1) ​ ​
—
​ ​ ​ $ 600,000 ​ ​ ​
—
​ ​
—
​ ​ ​ ​ 100% ​ ​
​
(1)
Mr. Watters received an annual target cash incentive compensation opportunity in connection with his appointment
​
 
50
 
as President and Chief Operating Officer. Prior to that appointment, he served as a consultant and was not eligible for annual target cash incentive compensation.
Short-Term Incentive Compensation
Weighting of Target Cash Incentive Compensation Opportunities
Under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan, the target cash incentive compensation opportunities of our Named Executive Officers were weighted 70% to corporate performance objectives and 30% to individual performance objectives.
Our compensation committee determined these allocations to be appropriate to focus our executive officers on our short-term financial objectives as reflected in our annual operating plan while, at the same time, recognizing their contributions to the achievement of these objectives and the successful execution of their individual roles and responsibilities.
Corporate Performance Objectives
For 2021, our compensation committee selected ARR and free cash flow as the corporate performance measures for the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan. (Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure we define as net cash used in operating activities, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, less purchases of property and equipment.) Our compensation committee removed revenue as one of the corporate performance measures, since it added revenue as a corporate performance measure for the performance-based equity awards granted in 2021. Our compensation committee believed ARR and free cash flow performance measures were appropriate for our business because they provided a balance between recurring revenue, generating cash and growing our business, which it believes directly influences long-term stockholder value. At the same time, for both of these measures, our compensation committee established target performance levels that it believed would be challenging, but attainable, through the successful execution of our annual operating plan.
In January 2021, our compensation committee designed, and in February 2021 our board of directors approved, the corporate performance measures under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan based on ARR and free cash flow and weighted the two measures equally and our compensation committee established the target levels for the two corporate performance measures.
Under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan, our board of directors or our compensation committee could adjust the target or achievement levels for each corporate performance measure in the event a merger, acquisition or other unforeseeable future event occurred. In February 2022, our board of directors exercised such authority and adjusted the 2021 corporate performance measures targets, payout tables and calculation methodologies used for determining payouts under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan because, as a result of the divestiture of the FireEye Products business that closed on October 8, 2021, we did not have a full quarter of financial results for the FireEye Products business during Q4 2021 and we incurred divestiture costs which reduced our 2021 financial results, and therefore the individuals under the 2021 Incentive Compensation tied to our 2021 financial performance would be penalized unless the targets, payout tables and calculation methodologies were adjusted to take into account the divestiture.
Following the decision of our board of directors to adjust the corporate performance measures targets, for the portion of the payout under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan tied to our 2021 annual recurring revenue, the payout percentages were determined by (i) measuring our consolidated annual recurring revenue for the FireEye Products business and Mandiant Solutions business for Q1 2021, Q2 2021 and Q3 2021 (the “Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated ARR”) against the target of $696.9 million in our 2021 annual operating plan for such combined businesses in such period to obtain the achievement percentage, then determining the applicable payout percentage associated with such achievement percentage pursuant to the annual recurring revenue payout table under the 2021 Cash Incentive Plan approved in February 2021, (ii) measuring our annual recurring revenue for the Mandiant Solutions business for Q4 2021 (“Q4 2021 Solutions ARR”) against the target of $303.9 million in our 2021 annual operating plan for such business in Q4 2021 to obtain the achievement percentage, then determining the applicable payout percentage associated with such achievement percentage pursuant to the existing annual recurring revenue payout table under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan, and (iii) calculating the resulting total blended payout percentage for the annual
 
51
 
recurring revenue performance measure under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan by taking three quarters, or 75%, of the payout percentage for Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated ARR, plus one quarter, or 25%, of the payout percentage for Q4 2021 Solutions ARR. For the portion of the payout under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan tied to our 2021 free cash flow, the payout percentage were determined by (i) measuring our consolidated free cash flow for the FireEye Products business and Mandiant Solutions business for Q1 2021, Q2 2021 and Q3 2021 (the “Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated FCF”) against the target of $6 million in our 2021 annual operating plan for such businesses in such period to obtain the achievement percentage, then determining the applicable payout percentage associated with such achievement percentage pursuant to the existing free cash flow payout table under the 2021 Cash Incentive Plan, (ii) measuring our free cash flow for the Mandiant Solutions business for Q4 2021 (“Q4 2021 Solutions FCF”), plus the costs of our divestiture of the FireEye Products business that reduced Q4 2021 Solutions FCF, against the target of $39 million (which represented the portion of the consolidated $75.7 million target in our 2021 annual operating plan determined by our board of directors to be allocated to such business in Q4 2021) to obtain the achievement percentage, then determining the applicable payout percentage associated with such achievement percentage pursuant to the existing free cash flow payout table under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan, and (iii) calculating the resulting total blended payout percentage for the free cash flow performance measure under the 2021 Cash Incentive Plan by taking three quarters, or 75%, of the payout percentage for Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated FCF, plus one quarter, or 25%, of the payout percentage for Q4 2021 Solutions FCF.
The weightings, initial and updated target levels for the corporate performance measures under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan were as follows:
Performance Measure
​ ​
Initial Fiscal
2021 Target
Level
​ ​
Updated Fiscal 2021 Target Level
​ ​
Percentage
of 2020 Target
Cash Incentive
Compensation
Opportunity
​
Annualized Recurring Revenue ​ ​
$736.56 million
​ ​
Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated ARR: $696.9 million
Q4 2021 Solutions ARR: $303.9 million
​ ​
35%
​
Free cash flow ​ ​
$81.68 million
​ ​
Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated FCF: $6 million
Q4 2021 Solutions FCF: $39 million
​ ​
35%
​
The actual cash payment with respect to each measure was to be determined independently, in accordance with the payout schedule for the measure. In February 2021, our board of directors established the target levels and payout schedules for the two corporate performance measures. In February 2022, in connection with updating the target level for the two corporate performance measures, our board of directors revised the target levels but not the payout structures for the two corporate performance measures. The payout schedules (each a “2021 Incentive Compensation Plan Payout Schedule”) are as follows:
​
Achievement Level of 2021 ARR
​ ​
Payment Factor
​
​
105% or greater
​ ​
150%
​
​
At least 101% but less than 105%
​ ​
10:1 Addition from 101% to 105% achievement
​
​
At least 96% through 100%
​ ​
10:1 Addition from 96% to 100% achievement
​
​
95%
​ ​
50%
​
​
Less than 95%
​ ​
0%
​
​
Achievement Level of 2021 Free Cash Flow
​ ​
Payment Factor
​
​
150% or greater
​ ​
150%
​
​
At least 101% but less than 150%
​ ​
1:1 Addition from 101% to 150% achievement
​
​
At least 51% through 100%
​ ​
1:1 Addition from 51% to 100% achievement
​
​
50%
​ ​
50%
​
​
Less than 50%
​ ​
0%
​
 
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Individual Performance Objectives
In addition to the corporate performance objectives, the annual cash incentive compensation for our executive officers was also based on each executive officer’s achievement against his or her individual performance objectives. The individual performance objectives for our Named Executive Officers were established by our compensation committee in discussions with our Chief Executive Officer (except with respect to his own individual performance objectives). The individual performance objectives could be quantitative or qualitative goals, depending on the organizational priorities for a given year, and typically focused on key departmental or operational objectives or functions. Most of these objectives were intended to provide a set of common goals that facilitated collaborative management and engagement, although our executive officers could also be assigned individual goals. These objectives set expectations for what our Chief Executive Officer and our compensation committee anticipated would be the means by which the individual component of cash incentive compensation were determined. In all cases, the individual performance objectives were intended to be challenging, but attainable, and designed to produce annual cash incentive payments that reflect meaningful performance requirements.
The individual performance objectives for our Named Executive Officers under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan were established at the beginning of 2021, were qualitative in nature and were closely linked to their roles at the time.
•
Mr. Bailey:   Mr. Bailey’s specific goals included business strategy activities, and leading our transformational initiatives.
​
•
Ms. King:   Ms. King’s specific goals included managing our privacy function, supporting our mergers and acquisition activity, managing our equity program, managing the legal function with respect to commercial, employment, IP, corporate and securities matters, and managing our government affairs function.
​
•
Mr. Mandia:   Mr. Mandia’s specific goals included customer engagement activities, participating in media and press engagements, providing product strategy and vision overall, and other goals related to achieving our externally-communicated financial targets.
​
•
Mr. Robbins:   Mr. Robbins’ specific goals included driving our global sales efforts, managing our sales, marketing and products functions, assisting with business planning activities, and customer engagement activities.
​
•
Mr. Verdecanna:   Mr. Verdecanna’s specific goals included business planning activities, public financial reporting activities, investor relations activities, supporting our mergers and acquisition activity, and identifying additional opportunities for corporate performance optimization.
​
•
Mr. Watters:   Mr. Watters’ specific goals included business planning activities, supporting our transformational initiatives, and identifying additional opportunities for corporate performance optimization.
​
The evaluation of our Chief Executive Officer under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan was based on an assessment by our board of directors (with our Chief Executive Officer not present at the meeting) against his individual performance objectives for the year. The evaluation of each of our other executive officers under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan was based on an assessment by our Chief Executive Officer against their respective individual performance objectives for the year and his desire to use the individual performance measure as a mechanism to limit the overall payout amounts given our above-target achievement of the corporate performance objectives for the year. Because our Chief Executive Officer is closest to the performance of the other executive officers, he determined if the individual performance objectives were met, how they were met and whether there were other objectives that were more relevant indicators of performance for that individual. Our Chief Executive Officer then made his recommendations about achievement for the individual performance objectives to our compensation committee and our board of directors, which they then took into consideration. Our compensation committee and our board of directors had complete discretion to accept our Chief Executive Officer’s recommendation, or to increase, reduce, or eliminate this aspect of an executive officer’s cash incentive compensation based on any factors they deemed relevant.
 
53
 
In February 2022, the level of achievement and payment associated with the individual performance objectives established for each executive officer (other than our Chief Executive Officer) were determined by our Chief Executive Officer and then submitted to our compensation committee and our board of directors for review and approval. Payments for the individual performance component of the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan could be up to 150% of the portion of each executive officer’s target cash incentive compensation opportunity allocated to individual performance.
2021 Performance Results and Award Decisions
In February 2022, our board of directors (with our sole non-independent director not present at the meeting and therefore not voting) determined the levels of our achievement, and corresponding payout levels pursuant to the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan Payout Schedules, with respect to the corporate performance objectives under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan, and approved the following payout levels:
Corporate
Performance
Objective 		​ ​
2021 Target
Level
​ ​
Actual 2021
Achievement
​ ​
Corresponding
Payout Level
​ ​
Approved
Blended
Payout
Level
​
Annualized Recurring Revenue
​ ​
Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated ARR: $696.9 million
​ ​
Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated ARR: $684 million
​ ​ ​ ​ 80% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 60% ​ ​
​
Q4 2021 Solutions ARR: $303.9 million
​ ​
Q4 2021 Solutions ARR: $278.8 million
​ ​ ​ ​ 0% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Free cash flow
​ ​
Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated FCF: $6 million
​ ​
Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated FCF: $72.8 million
​ ​ ​ ​ 150% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 113% ​ ​
​
Q4 2021 Solutions FCF: $39 million
​ ​
Q4 2021 Solutions FCF: ($27.5 million)(1)
​ ​ ​ ​ 0% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​
(1)
After adjusting for costs of our divestiture of the FireEye Products business that reduced free cash flow.
​
Also in February 2022, our board of directors determined (with our sole non-independent director not present at the meeting and therefore not voting) that the individual performance objectives had been attained at the following percentage levels:
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
Individual
Performance
Objectives
Attainment Level
​
Mr. Bailey
​ ​ ​ ​ 100% ​ ​
Ms. King
​ ​ ​ ​ 100% ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ 95% ​ ​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ 100% ​ ​
Mr. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ 100% ​ ​
Mr. Watters
​ ​ ​ ​ 95% ​ ​
Additionally, in February 2022, based on its review of our overall performance in 2021 against the corporate performance objectives and, to the extent applicable, the achievement of individual performance objectives of our Named Executive Officers as described above, our board of directors determined (with our sole non-independent director not present at the meeting and therefore not voting) to award cash payments under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan as follows to our Named Executive Officers:
 
54
 
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
2021 Target
Cash Incentive
Compensation
Opportunity
​ ​
Amount
Related to
Corporate
Financial
Objectives
​ ​
Amount Related
to Individual
Performance
Objectives
​ ​
Actual Cash
Incentive
Payment
​ ​
Percentage of
Target Cash
Incentive
Compensation
Opportunity
​
Mr. Bailey
​ ​ ​ $ 225,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 157,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 67,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 203,738 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 91% ​ ​
Ms. King
​ ​ ​ $ 202,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 141,750 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 60,750 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 183,364 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 91% ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​ ​ $ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 308,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 132,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 391,820 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 89% ​ ​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​ ​ $ 380,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 266,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 114,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 344,090 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 91% ​ ​
Mr. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ $ 246,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 172,200 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 73,800 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 222,753 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 91% ​ ​
Mr. Watters(1) ​ ​ ​ $ 445,480 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 311,836 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 133,644 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 396,699 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 89% ​ ​
​
(1)
The payment to Mr. Watters was pro-rated to reflect his time of service in his current position.
​
The cash amounts paid to our Named Executive Officers under the 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan are set forth in the “Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal Year 2021” below under the heading “Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation.”
Discretionary Cash Bonus
In March 2021, at the request of our Chief Executive Officer, our compensation committee awarded a discretionary cash bonus to Ms. King in an amount of $50,000, payable to her in March 2021, in recognition of her exemplary individual performance supporting us with the security incident we announced in December 2020.
Long-Term Incentive Compensation
We believe that if our executive officers own shares of our common stock in amounts that are significant to them, they will have an incentive to act to maximize long-term stockholder value. As discussed in the section “Other Compensation Policies” below, we use stock ownership guidelines to complement our long-term incentive compensation arrangements, so our executive officers maintain a strong link to the interests of our stockholders and to the movements in our stock price. We also believe that long-term incentive compensation in the form of equity awards is an integral component of our efforts to attract and retain exceptional executive officers. In the past seven years, we have relied on RSU awards that may be settled for shares of our common stock and PSU awards pursuant to which shares of our common stock may be earned as the principal vehicles for delivering long-term incentive compensation opportunities to our executive officers. We believe this approach enables us to attract and retain key talent in our industry and aligns our executive team’s interests with the long-term interests of our stockholders.
Generally, in determining the size of the equity awards granted to our executive officers, our compensation committee or our board of directors, as applicable, takes into consideration the recommendations of our Chief Executive Officer (except with respect to his own equity awards), as well as the factors described above. Our compensation committee or our board of directors, as applicable, also considers the dilutive effect of our long-term incentive compensation practices, and the overall impact that these equity awards, as well as awards to other employees, will have on stockholder value.
2021 Awards
In February 2021, our board of directors granted equity awards to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters), in recognition of our achievements and their individual performance for 2020 and, in the case of our Chief Executive Officer, his continued effectiveness in overseeing the efforts of our executive officers to achieve our short-term and long-term business objectives. In determining the amount of the equity awards for our Named Executive Officers (other than our Chief Executive Officer and Mr. Watters), our board of directors took into consideration the recommendations of our Chief Executive Officer, as well as the factors described above. With respect to the equity awards for our Chief Executive Officer, our board of directors took into consideration the factors described above and determined that, given his responsibilities and importance to us, our Chief Executive Officer’s equity awards should be larger than the awards of the
 
55
 
other executive officers to reflect his greater role and responsibilities. Our board of directors also considered the existing equity holdings of our Named Executive Officers, including the current economic value of their unvested equity awards and the ability of these unvested holdings to satisfy our retention objectives.
In April 2021, our compensation committee granted equity awards to Mr. Watters in connection with his appointment as our President and Chief Operating Officer.
The equity awards granted to our Named Executive Officers in February 2021 and April 2021 consisted of both RSU and PSU awards, and the total number of shares of our common stock underlying all of the RSU awards and the target and maximum number of shares of our common stock underlying all of the PSU awards granted in 2021 were as follows:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
PSU Awards
​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
RSU Awards
​ ​
Target Number of
Shares under PSU
Awards
​ ​
Maximum Number
of Shares (assuming
overachievement)
​
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
Month Award
Granted
​ ​
Number of
Shares
​
Mr. Bailey
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 120,000 ​ ​
Ms. King
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 57,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 57,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 86,250 ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 160,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 160,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 240,000 ​ ​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 120,000 ​ ​
Mr. Verdecanna
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 120,000 ​ ​
Mr. Watters
​ ​
April 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 225,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 225,000(1) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 337,500 ​ ​
​ ​ ​
​
 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 300,000(2) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 300,000 ​ ​
​
(1)
This PSU award is described in more detail below as the “Revenue and Operating Income PSU Award.”
​
(2)
This PSU award is described in more detail below as the “Stock Price PSU Award.”
​
—
Details of 2021 Awards Granted to Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters)
​
The RSU awards granted to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters) in 2021 were subject to a time-based vesting requirement. Pursuant to this vesting requirement, the shares of our common stock subject to the RSU awards will vest quarterly in 16 generally equal installments, with the first vesting date on May 15, 2021, in each case subject to the executive officer’s continued service with us through the applicable vesting date.
The PSU awards granted to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters) in 2021 were subject to both performance conditions and time-based vesting requirements, and had three components:
•
40% of the target number of shares of our common stock that could be earned under each PSU award was based on our revenue performance over three separate consecutive annual performance periods (e.g., for the 40% portion, 1/3 was tied to 2021 performance, 1/3 was tied to 2022 performance and 1/3 was tied to 2023 performance), with any shares earned for a performance period vesting in the February following the completion of that performance period (so that the 40% portion, to the extent earned, will vest 1/3 per year), subject to the executive officer’s continued service with us through the applicable vesting date.
​
•
40% of the target number of shares of our common stock that could be earned under each PSU award was based on our non-GAAP operating income performance over three separate consecutive annual performance periods (e.g., for the 40% portion, 1/3 was tied to 2021 performance, 1/3 was tied to 2022 performance and 1/3 was tied to 2023 performance), with any shares earned for a performance period vesting in the February following the completion of that performance period and determination of the performance results by our compensation committee (so that the 40% portion, to the extent earned, will vest 1/3 per year), subject to the executive officer’s continued service with us through the applicable vesting date.
​
•
20% of the target number of shares of our common stock that could be earned under each PSU award was based on a relative Total Shareholder Return (“rTSR”) performance measure. The rTSR measure
​
 
56
 
is based on our stock performance relative to the stock performance of companies in the Russell 2000 Index over a three-year performance period (2021 – 2023). Any shares earned will vest shortly after the completion of the performance period (so that the 20% portion, to the extent earned, will vest on February 2024), subject to the executive officer’s continued service with us through the vesting date.
The following table summarizes the performance measures and related target share percentages by performance period underlying the PSU awards granted to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters) in 2021:
Performance Measure
​ ​
Target
Number of
Shares
under
PSU Awards
Tied to 2021
Performance
​ ​
Target
Number of
Shares
under
PSU Awards
Tied to 2022
Performance
​ ​
Target
Number of
Shares
under
PSU Awards
Tied to 2023
Performance
​ ​
Target
Number of
Shares under
PSU Awards
Tied to rTSR
for 2021-2023
​ ​
Total
​
Revenue
​ ​ ​ ​ 131∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 131∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 131∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 40% ​ ​
Non-GAAP operating income(1)
​ ​ ​ ​ 131∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 131∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 131∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 40% ​ ​
Relative Total Shareholder Return
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 20% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 20% ​ ​
Total ​ ​ ​ ​ 262∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 262∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 262∕3% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 20% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 100% ​ ​
​
(1)
We define non-GAAP operating income (loss) as operating income (loss) excluding stock-based compensation expense, amortization of stock-based compensation expense capitalized in software development costs, amortization of intangible assets, acquisition-related expenses, transformation and transition expense, restructuring charges, and other special or non-recurring items.
​
Pursuant to the performance conditions under each PSU award granted to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters) in 2021, the number of shares of our common stock that could be earned with respect to a performance measure for a performance year or three-year performance period, as applicable, was based on pre-established threshold, target, and maximum performance levels for such performance measure for such performance year or three-year performance period, as applicable.
The PSU awards granted to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters) in 2021 provided that, for the performance period commencing on January 1, 2021 and ending on December 31, 2021, the number of shares of our common stock earned with respect to the 2021 revenue performance measure or the 2021 non-GAAP operating income performance measure would be determined independently, in accordance with the following payout schedules (the “2021 PSU Payout Schedules”):
​
Achievement Level of 2021 Revenue
​ ​
Payment Factor
​
​
105% or greater
​ ​
150%
​
​
At least 101% but less than 105%
​ ​
10:1 Addition from 101% to 105% achievement
​
​
At least 96% through 100%
​ ​
10:1 Addition from 96% to 100% achievement
​
​
95%
​ ​
50%
​
​
Less than 95%
​ ​
0%
​
​
Achievement Level of 2021 Non-GAAP Operating Income
​ ​
Payment Factor
​
​
150% or greater
​ ​
150%
​
​
At least 101% but less than 150%
​ ​
1:1 Addition from 101% to 150% achievement
​
​
At least 76% through 100%
​ ​
2:1 Addition from 76% to 100% achievement
​
​
At least 51% through 75%
​ ​
1:1 Addition from 51% to 75% achievement
​
​
50%
​ ​
25%
​
​
Less than 50%
​ ​
0%
​
In March 2021, our compensation committee established the following target achievement levels (the “2021 PSU Target Achievement Levels”) for the 2021 performance measures under the PSU award granted to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters):
 
57
 
2021 Performance Measure
​ ​
Fiscal 2021 Target
Achievement Level
​
Revenue
​ ​ ​ $ 1,032,626,000 ​ ​
Non-GAAP operating income
​ ​ ​ $ 105,000,000 ​ ​
The PSU awards granted to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Watters) in 2021 further provided that, for the three-year performance period commencing on January 1, 2021 and ending on December 31, 2023, the number of shares of our common stock earned with respect to the rTSR performance measure would be determined independently, in accordance with the following payout schedule (the “rTSR Payout Schedule”):
​
3-Year (2021-2023) rTSR Performance
Relative to Indexed Companies
​ ​
Payment Factor*
​
​
At or above 75th percentile
​ ​
150%
​
​
55th percentile
​ ​
100%
​
​
At or below 25th percentile
​ ​
0%
​
​
*
Payment factor is capped at 100% if rTSR is negative. Payment factor with respect to achievement between percentile thresholds is determined based on linear interpolation.
​
—
Details of 2021 Awards Granted to Mr. Watters
​
The RSU award granted to Mr. Watters in April 2021 was subject to a time-based vesting requirement. Pursuant to this vesting requirement, one-fourth of the shares of our common stock subject to the RSU award vested on February 15, 2022, and the remaining shares subject to the RSU award will vest quarterly thereafter in 12 generally equal installments, in each case subject to Mr. Watters’ continued service with us through the applicable vesting date.
The PSU awards granted to Mr. Watters in April 2021 were subject to both performance conditions and time-based vesting requirements, and had four components:
•
50% of the target number of shares of our common stock that could be earned under the Revenue and Operating Income PSU Award was based on our revenue performance over three separate consecutive annual performance periods (e.g., for the 50% portion, 1/3 was tied to 2021 performance, 1/3 was tied to 2022 performance, and 1/3 was tied to 2023 performance), with any shares earned for a performance period vesting in the February following the completion of that performance period (so that the 50% portion, to the extent earned, will vest 1/3 per year), subject to Mr. Watters’ continued service with us through the applicable vesting date.
​
•
50% of the target number of shares of our common stock that could be earned under the Revenue and Operating Income PSU Award was based on our non-GAAP operating income performance over three separate consecutive annual performance periods (e.g., for the 50% portion, 1/3 was tied to 2021 performance, 1/3 was tied to 2022 performance, and 1/3 was tied to 2023 performance), with any shares earned for a performance period vesting in the February following the completion of that performance period and determination of the performance results by our compensation committee (so that the 50% portion, to the extent earned, will vest 1/3 per year), subject to Mr. Watters’ continued service with us through the applicable vesting date.
​
•
100% of the target number of shares of our common stock that could be earned under the Stock Price PSU Award was based on our achievement of four specified prices per share (e.g. 1/3 was tied to our attainment of a 30-day average stock price of $25, 1/3 was tied to our attainment of a 10-day average stock price of $30, 1/6 was tied to our attainment of a 10-day average stock price of $35, and 1/6 was tied to our attainment of a 10-day average stock price of $40), with any shares earned with respect to a specified price per share vesting upon achievement.
​
The Revenue and Operating Income PSU Award provided that, for the performance period commencing on January 1, 2021 and ending on December 31, 2021, the number of shares of our common stock earned with respect to the 2021 revenue performance measure or the 2021 non-GAAP operating income performance
 
58
 
measure would be determined independently, in accordance with the 2021 PSU Payout Schedules and measured against the 2021 PSU Target Achievement Levels.
—
Payout of 2021 PSU Awards for 2021 Performance
​
In February 2022, our board of directors adjusted the revenue and non-GAAP operating income targets, payout tables and calculation methodologies used for determining payouts under all PSU awards eligible to be earned with respect to 2022 because, as a result of the divestiture of the FireEye Products business that closed on October 8, 2021, we did not have a full quarter of financial results for the FireEye Products business during Q4 2021 and we incurred divestiture costs which reduced our 2021 financial results, and therefore the individuals holding PSU awards tied to our 2021 financial performance would be penalized unless the targets, payout tables and calculation methodologies were adjusted to take into account the divestiture.
Following the decision of our board of directors to adjust the corporate performance measures targets, for the portion of the payout under the PSU awards tied to our 2021 revenue, the payout percentage was determined by (i) measuring our consolidated revenue for the FireEye Products business and Mandiant Solutions business for Q1 2021, Q2 2021 and Q3 2021 (“Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated Revenue”), plus our revenue for the Mandiant Solutions business for Q4 2021 (“Q4 2021 Solutions Revenue”) against the target of $892 million (derived from the target of $750.4 million in our 2021 annual operating plan for such combined businesses for Q1 – Q3 2021 plus the target of $141.6 million in our 2021 annual operating plan for the Mandiant Solutions businesses for Q4 2021) to obtain the achievement percentage and (ii) taking the applicable payout percentage associated with such achievement percentage pursuant to the existing revenue payout table under such PSUs as the payout percentage for the 2021 revenue performance measure. For the portion of the payout under the PSUs tied to our 2021 non-GAAP operating income, the payout was determined by (i) measuring our consolidated non-GAAP operating income for the FireEye Products business and Mandiant Solutions business for Q1 2021, Q2 2021 and Q3 2021 (“Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated Non-GAAP Operating Income”), plus our non-GAAP operating income for the Mandiant Solutions business for Q4 2021 (“Q4 2021 Solutions Non-GAAP Operating Income”), plus the costs of our divestiture of the FireEye Products business that reduced Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated Non-GAAP Operating Income and Q4 2021 Solutions Non-GAAP Operating Income, against the target of $72.2 million (derived from the target of $64.5 million in our 2021 annual operating plan for such combined businesses for Q1 – Q3 2021 plus the target of $7.7 million in our 2021 annual operating plan for the Mandiant Solutions businesses for Q4 2021) to obtain the achievement percentage and (ii) taking the applicable payout percentage associated with such achievement percentage pursuant to the existing non-GAAP operating income payout table under such PSUs as the payout percentage for the 2021 non-GAAP operating income performance measure. The adjusted methodology is referred to below as the “Adjusted PSU Methodology.”
In February 2022, our board of directors determined that, based on the Adjusted PSU Methodology, the Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated Revenue was achieved at $749.1 million and the Q4 2021 Solutions Revenue was achieved at $132.9 million, equating to 90% of the target number of shares of our common stock being earned pursuant to the performance requirements for the portions of the 2021 PSU awards tied to 2021 revenue performance. Our board of directors also determined that, based on the Adjusted PSU Methodology, the Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated Non-GAAP Operating Income was achieved at $70.1 million, the Q4 2021 Solutions Non-GAAP Operating Income was achieved at negative $22.1 million, and the costs of our divestiture of the FireEye Products business that reduced Q1 – Q3 2021 Consolidated Non-GAAP Operating Income and Q4 2021 Solutions Non-GAAP Operating Income was $40.6 million, equating to 123% of the target number of shares of our common stock being earned pursuant to the performance requirements for the portions of the 2021 PSU awards tied to 2021 non-GAAP operating income performance. These achievement levels are described below as the “Adjusted PSU Achievement.” The blended payout for both measures represented 106.5% of the target number of shares of our common stock under such portions of the PSU awards being earned.
The following table sets forth the number of shares earned and approved for settlement and release for the portion of the PSU awards granted in 2021 to our Named Executive Officers that were tied to 2021 performance:
 
59
 
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
Month
Award
Granted
​ ​
Target Number of
Shares under 2021
PSU Awards Tied
to 2021 Revenue
Performance and
2020 Non-GAAP
Operating Income
Performance
​ ​
Approved Payout
Level for 2021 PSU
Awards Tied to
2021 Revenue
Performance and
2021 Non-GAAP
Operating Income
Performance
​ ​
Actual Number of
Shares Approved for
Release under 2021
PSU Awards Tied
to 2021 Revenue
Performance and 2021
Non-GAAP Operating
Income Performance
​
Mr. Bailey
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 21,332 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 22,718 ​ ​
Ms. King
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 15,332 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 16,328 ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 42,666 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 45,438 ​ ​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 21,332 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 22,718 ​ ​
Mr. Verdecanna
​ ​
February 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 21,332 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 22,718 ​ ​
Mr. Watters
​ ​
April 2021
​ ​ ​ ​ 75,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 79,875 ​ ​
The equity awards granted in 2021 to our Named Executive Officers are set forth in the “Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal Year 2021” and the “Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table for Fiscal Year 2021” below.
2020 PSU Awards
In 2020, our board of directors granted PSU awards to our Named Executive Officers. Pursuant to the performance condition under each 2020 PSU award (other than the 2020 PSU award granted to Mr. Bailey), 62.5% of the number of shares of our common stock that could be earned for the 2021 performance year was based on pre-established threshold, target, and maximum performance levels for our billings in 2021, and 37.5% of the number of shares of our common stock that could be earned for the 2020 performance year was based on pre-established threshold, target, and maximum performance levels for our non-GAAP operating income in 2021. Pursuant to the performance condition under the 2020 PSU award granted to Mr. Bailey, 50% of the number of shares of our common stock that could be earned for the 2021 performance year was based on pre-established threshold, target, and maximum performance levels for our billings in 2021, and 50% of the number of shares of our common stock that could be earned for the 2021 performance year was based on pre-established threshold, target, and maximum performance levels for our non-GAAP operating income in 2021. Mr. Watters was also granted a 2019 PSU award, but that award was forfeited by him when he departed the Company in April 2020. As noted above, he later rejoined us in April 2021. In January 2021, our compensation committee amended the outstanding 2020 PSU awards so that the performance condition related to billings was replaced with a revenue performance condition.
Each 2020 PSU award provided that, for the 2021 performance year, the number of shares earned would be determined in accordance with the 2021 PSU payout schedules and measured against the 2021 PSU target achievement levels. Pursuant to the vesting requirement, the 2020 PSU award provided that the shares earned for the 2021 performance year would vest in February 2022, subject to the applicable executive officer’s continued service with us through the vesting date.
In February 2022, our board of directors determined, based on the Adjusted PSU Methodology, that achievement of the revenue and non-GAAP operating income performance measures under the 2020 PSU awards had been obtained at the Adjusted PSU Achievement. The blended payout for both measures represented 106.5% of the target number of shares of our common stock under such portions of the PSU awards being earned.
The following table sets forth the number of shares earned and approved for settlement and release for the portion of the PSU awards granted in 2020 to our Named Executive Officers that were tied to 2021 performance:
 
60
 
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
Target Number of
Shares under 2020
PSU Awards Tied
to 2021 Revenue
Performance and
2021 Non-GAAP
Operating Income
Performance
​ ​
Approved Payout
Level for 2020
PSU Awards Tied
to 2021 Revenue
Performance and
2021 Non-GAAP
Operating Income
Performance
​ ​
Actual Number of
Shares Approved for
Release under 2020
PSU Awards Tied
to 2021 Revenue
Performance and 2021
Non-GAAP Operating
Income Performance
​
Mr. Bailey
​ ​ ​ ​ 25,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 26,625 ​ ​
Ms. King
​ ​ ​ ​ 16,667 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 17,062 ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ 53,333 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 54,599 ​ ​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ 40,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 40,949 ​ ​
Mr. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ 23,333 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 106.5% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 23,886 ​ ​
2019 PSU Awards
In February 2019, our board of directors granted PSU awards to our Named Executive Officers (other than Mr. Bailey, who was not an employee at the time). Pursuant to the performance condition under each 2019 PSU award, 17% of the number of shares of our common stock originally subject to the award could be earned for the 2021 performance year based on pre-established threshold, target, and maximum performance levels for our billings in 2021, 10% of the number of shares of our common stock originally subject to the award could be earned for the 2021 performance year based on pre-established threshold, target, and maximum performance levels for our non-GAAP operating income in 2021, and 20% of the number of shares of our common stock originally subject to the award could be earned for the 2019-2021 performance period based on pre-established threshold, target and maximum performance levels against our stock performance relative to the stock performance of companies in the Russell 2000 Index over such three-year performance period. Mr. Watters was also granted a 2020 PSU award, but that award was forfeited by him when he departed the Company in April 2020. As noted above, he later rejoined us in April 2021. In January 2021, our compensation committee amended the outstanding 2019 PSU awards so that the performance condition related to billings was replaced with a revenue performance condition.
Each 2019 PSU award provided that, for the 2021 performance year, the number of shares earned with respect to the revenue and non-GAAP operating income performance measures would be determined in accordance with the 2021 PSU payout schedules and measured against the 2021 PSU target achievement levels. Pursuant to the vesting requirement, the 2019 PSU award provided that the shares earned for the 2021 performance year with respect to the revenue and non-GAAP operating income performance measures would vest in February 2022, subject to the applicable executive officer’s continued service with us through the vesting date.
Each 2019 PSU award provided that, for the 2019-2021 performance years, the number of shares earned with respect to the rTSR performance measure, would be determined in accordance with the rTSR Payout Schedule and measured against the actual relative total shareholder return for such performance period. Pursuant to the vesting requirement, the 2019 PSU award provided that the shares earned for the rTSR measure would vest in February 2022, subject to the applicable executive officer’s continued service with us through the vesting date.
In February 2022, our board of directors determined, based on the Adjusted PSU Methodology, that achievement of the revenue and non-GAAP operating income performance measures under the 2019 PSU awards had been obtained at the Adjusted PSU Achievement. The blended payout for both measures represented 102.4% of the target number of shares of our common stock under such portions of the PSU awards being earned.
Our board of directors also determined that the 2019-2021 rTSR performance measure under the 2019 PSU awards was achieved at the 32.11th percentile (determined by our absolute ranking among the peers for the rTSR measure being 1,149 out of 1,692, based on our actual total shareholder return being negative 2.46%), equating to 23.7% of the target number of shares of our common stock being earned pursuant to the performance requirements for the portions of the 2019 PSU awards tied to 2019-2021 rTSR performance.
 
61
 
The following table sets forth the number of shares earned and approved for settlement and release, and the corresponding number of shares cancelled, for the portion of the PSU awards granted in 2019 to our Named Executive Officers that were tied to 2021 performance:
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
Target Number of
Shares under 2019
PSU Awards Tied
to 2021 Revenue
Performance and
2021 Non-GAAP
Operating Income
Performance
​ ​
Approved Payout
Level for 2019
PSU Awards Tied
to 2021 Revenue
Performance and
2021 Non-GAAP
Operating Income
Performance
​ ​
Actual Number of
Shares Approved for
Release under 2019
PSU Awards Tied
to 2021 Revenue
Performance and 2021
Non-GAAP Operating
Income Performance
​
Ms. King
​ ​ ​ ​ 18,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 102.4% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 18,427 ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ 50,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 102.4% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 51,187 ​ ​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ 30,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 102.4% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 30,712 ​ ​
Mr. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ 28,667 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 102.4% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 29,347 ​ ​
The following table sets forth the number of shares earned and approved for settlement and release, and the corresponding number of shares cancelled, for the portion of the PSU awards granted in 2019 to our Named Executive Officers that were tied to rTSR performance for the 2019-2021 period:
Named Executive Officer
​ ​
Target Number of
Shares under 2019
PSU Awards Tied
to 2019-2021 Total
Shareholder Return
Performance
​ ​
Approved Payout
Level for 2019
PSU Awards Tied
to 2019-2021 Total
Shareholder Return
Performance
​ ​
Actual Number of
Shares Approved for
Release under 2019
PSU Awards Tied
to 2019-2021 Total
Shareholder Return
Performance
​
Ms. King
​ ​ ​ ​ 13,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 23.7% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,199 ​ ​
Mr. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ 37,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 23.7% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 8,887 ​ ​
Mr. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ 22,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 23.7% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5,332 ​ ​
Mr. Verdecanna..
​ ​ ​ ​ 21,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 23.7% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5,095 ​ ​
Welfare and Health Benefits
We maintain a tax-qualified retirement plan (the “Mandiant 401(k) plan”) under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) for our executive officers and other employees who satisfy certain eligibility requirements, including requirements relating to age and length of service. The Mandiant 401(k) plan provides eligible employees with an opportunity to save for retirement on a tax-advantaged basis. This plan is intended to qualify under Sections 401(a) and 501(a) of the Code so that contributions by employees to the plan, and income earned on plan contributions, are not taxable to employees until distributed from the plan. In addition, all contributions are deductible by us when made.
All participants’ interests in their deferrals are 100% vested when contributed under the Mandiant 401(k) plan. Pre-tax contributions are allocated to each participant’s individual account and are then invested in selected investment alternatives according to the participants’ directions. In 2019, we made no matching contributions into the Mandiant 401(k) plan.
In addition, we provide other benefits to our executive officers on the same basis as all of our full-time employees. These benefits include health, dental and vision benefits, health and dependent care flexible spending accounts, short-term and long-term disability insurance, accidental death and dismemberment insurance, and basic life insurance coverage. We also provide flexible time off and other paid holidays to all employees, including our executive officers. We do not offer our employees a non-qualified deferred compensation plan or defined benefit pension plan.
We design our employee benefits programs to be affordable and competitive in relation to the market, as well as compliant with applicable laws and practices. We adjust our employee benefits programs as needed based upon regular monitoring of applicable laws and practices, the competitive market and our employees’ needs.
 
62
 
Perquisites and Other Personal Benefits
Currently, we do not view perquisites or other personal benefits as a significant component of our executive compensation program. Accordingly, we do not provide perquisites to our executive officers, except in situations where we believe it is appropriate to assist an individual in the performance of his or her duties, to make our executive officers more efficient and effective, for recruitment and retention purposes, or consistent with benefits provided to our other full-time employees. For example, we may ask executive officers and their spouses to participate in our annual President’s Club events offered as rewards to certain other employees for excellent sales or other performance. We treat the expenses of spouses as taxable income to the executive officers. Because spousal participation is at our request and can be disruptive to other plans they may have, we provide a tax “gross up” payment on that imputed income.
In the future, we may provide perquisites or other personal benefits to our executive officers in limited circumstances, such as where we believe it is appropriate to assist an individual executive officer in the performance of his or her duties, to make our executive officers more efficient and effective, for recruitment, motivation or retention purposes, or consistent with benefits provided to our other full-time employees. We do not expect that these perquisites or other personal benefits will be a significant aspect of our executive compensation program. All future practices with respect to perquisites or other personal benefits will be approved and subject to periodic review by our compensation committee.
Employment Arrangements
We have entered into written employment offer letters with each of our Named Executive Officers. Each of these arrangements was approved on our behalf by our board of directors or our compensation committee, as applicable. We believe that these arrangements were appropriate to induce these individuals to forego other employment opportunities or leave their current employer for the uncertainty of a demanding position in a new and unfamiliar organization.
In filling these executive positions, our board of directors or our compensation committee, as applicable, was aware that it would be necessary to recruit candidates with the requisite experience and skills to manage a growing business in a dynamic and ever-changing industry. Accordingly, it recognized that it would need to develop competitive compensation packages to attract qualified candidates in a highly-competitive labor market. At the same time, our board of directors or our compensation committee, as applicable, was sensitive to the need to integrate new executive officers into the executive compensation structure that it was seeking to develop, balancing both competitive and internal equity considerations.
Each of these employment offer letters provides for “at will” employment and sets forth the initial compensation arrangements for our Named Executive Officer, including an initial base salary, an annual target cash incentive compensation opportunity, and, in some instances, a recommendation for an equity award.
Post-Employment Compensation
Prior to July 2013, the employment offer letters that we entered into with certain of our executive officers provided for certain payments and benefits in the event of their termination of employment under specified circumstances, including following a change in control of the Company. We believed that these arrangements were significant factors in the recruitment of these executive officers and would help these individuals maintain continued focus and dedication to their responsibilities to help maximize stockholder value if there was a potential transaction that could involve a change in control of the Company.
In July 2013, our compensation committee adopted a Change of Control Severance Policy for Officers (the “Severance Policy”), a standardized approach for the payment of severance and change in control benefits to our executive officers. Under the Severance Policy, the rights of our executive officers upon an involuntary termination of employment, including an involuntary termination of employment following a change in control of the Company, were established on a uniform basis. In addition, the post-employment compensation and benefits of our executive officers were established separately from their other compensation elements. The Severance Policy is applicable to all new executive officers hired since July 2013. In addition, our executive officers were given the opportunity to waive the existing severance and change in control protections in their employment offer letters in favor of the Severance Policy. Ms. King, our only Named Executive Officer who
 
63
 
was an executive officer at July 2013, agreed to relinquish the severance payments and benefits otherwise provided in her employment offer letter in exchange for eligibility to receive payments and benefits under the Severance Policy.
We believe the Severance Policy serves several objectives. First, it eliminates the need to negotiate separation payments and benefits on a case-by-case basis. It also helps assure an executive officer that his or her severance payments and benefits are comparable to those of other executive officers with similar levels of responsibility. Further, it acts as an incentive for our executive officers to remain employed and focused on their responsibilities during the threat or negotiation of a change-in-control transaction, which we believe will help preserve our value and the potential benefit to be received by our stockholders in any such transaction. Finally, the Severance Policy is easier for us to administer, as it requires less time and expense.
The Severance Policy contemplates that the payments and benefits in the event of a change in control of the Company are payable only upon a “double trigger”; that is, only following a change in control and a qualifying termination of employment, including a termination of employment without cause or a resignation for good reason, and in each case requires that the executive officer execute a general release of claims in favor of the Company. In addition, the Severance Policy provides payments and benefits to our executive officers for qualified terminations of employment unrelated to a change in control of the Company.
For a summary of the material terms and conditions of the Severance Policy, as well as an estimate of the potential payments and benefits that our Named Executive Officers would have been eligible to receive if a hypothetical change in control or other trigger event had occurred on December 31, 2021, see the sections titled “— Change of Control Severance Policy for Officers” and “— Potential Payments upon a Change of Control, upon Termination or upon Termination Following a Change of Control” below.
Other Compensation Policies
Stock Ownership Guidelines
We believe that stock ownership by our executive officers and the non-employee members of our board of directors is important to link the risks and rewards inherent in stock ownership of these individuals and our stockholders. Our board of directors has adopted formal stock ownership guidelines that require our executive officers and the non-employee members of our board of directors (other than the Series A Director, who does not receive compensation from the Company for his service on our board of directors) to own a minimum number of shares of our common stock. These mandatory ownership levels are intended to create a clear standard that ties a portion of these individuals’ economic interests to the performance of our stock price. Compliance is evaluated on an annual basis, as determined by our compensation committee, and not on an ongoing basis. Shares of our common stock underlying time-based RSU awards, shares of our common stock that have been earned under PSU awards, and the shares of our common stock subject to vested stock options (on a net exercise basis) count toward meeting the requirements. The current required ownership levels are as follows:
​
Individual Subject to Ownership Guidelines
​ ​
Minimum Required Level
of Stock Ownership
​
​
Chief Executive Officer
​ ​
6x base salary
​
​
Other Executive Officers
​ ​
1x base salary
​
​
Non-employee members of board of directors (other than the Series A Director)
​ ​
3x annual retainer
​
During any year in which an individual’s required ownership level is not met, he or she is required to retain at least 50% of the net shares following the exercise of stock options, the vesting of RSU awards or the vesting of PSU awards until the required ownership level has been met. The guidelines provide that in the event the annual retainer (or any portion thereof) is paid to a non-employee member of our board of directors in equity instead of cash, the annual retainer (or applicable portion thereof) means the grant date fair value of the annual equity award (or applicable portion thereof) for regular service on our board of directors.
In April 2022, our compensation committee evaluated executive officer and director compliance with the guidelines for 2021 and determined that our Chief Executive Officer, each of our other executive officers and six non-employee members of our board of directors had satisfied his or her required stock ownership level.
 
64
 
Ms. Andrews, who is a non-employee member of our board of directors, is within a grace period, defined as five years from the date of first becoming subject to the guidelines, and, thus, is still in the process of satisfying her required stock ownership level. Mr. Patel is not subject to the stock ownership guidelines because he is the Series A Director and does not receive compensation from us for his service on our board of directors.
Clawback Policy
Our board of directors has adopted a clawback policy allowing it to require the repayment or forfeiture of all or part of any performance-based cash incentive compensation, performance-based equity award or other performance-based award paid or granted to our executive officers where the payment, grant or vesting of such compensation or award was based on the achievement of financial results that were subsequently the subject of a financial restatement and where the restatement was intended to correct the result of fraud or intentional misconduct. This policy only applies to current and former executive officers subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16 of the Exchange Act who were involved in the fraud or misconduct. In addition to the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer are subject to the compensation recovery provisions of Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Equity Award Grant Policy
We maintain an Equity Award Grant Policy that provides the following guidelines to be observed by our compensation committee and our board of directors when granting equity awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans:
•
Any equity awards granted by our compensation committee to our Chief Executive Officer are subject to the ratification of our board of directors (with any non-independent directors abstaining from the vote).
​
•
Generally, equity awards for new hires will be granted on a monthly basis. An equity award granted to a new hire may not have a grant date prior to such individual’s first date of bona fide employment or service.
​
•
Our compensation committee, our board of directors, and/or the Equity Award Committee (a committee, consisting of our Chief Financial Officer and our General Counsel, to which our compensation committee has delegated non-exclusive authority to grant equity awards to employees below Vice President level where the award falls within prescribed guidelines approved by our compensation committee) has the authority to grant occasional retention, promotion, or merit equity awards during the year in a manner that is consistent with the terms of this policy.
​
•
Equity awards should not be timed in relation to the release of material non-public information, and it is the intent of the policy to specify the timing of effectiveness of equity award grants to avoid such timing.
​
Under our current equity compensation plan, the exercise price of any option to purchase shares of our common stock may not be less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant.
Derivatives Trading, Hedging, and Pledging Policies
Our insider trading policy prohibits short sales, hedging and transactions in derivatives of Mandiant securities for all Mandiant personnel, including directors, officers, employees, independent contractors and consultants. In addition, our insider trading policy prohibits our executive officers and the non-employee members of our board of directors from pledging their equity securities or using such securities as collateral for a loan.
Risk Assessment and Compensation Practices
Our management assesses and discusses with our compensation committee our compensation policies and practices for our employees as they relate to our risk management, and based upon this assessment, we believe that, for the following reasons, any risks arising from such policies and practices are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us in the future:
 
65
 
•
Our annual incentive plan considers a multiple of corporate and individual performance factors and allows our compensation committee to review performance on a holistic basis minimizing risk related to our short-term variable compensation; and
​
•
Our equity awards include multi-year vesting and/or performance schedules requiring a long-term employee commitment.
​
Tax and Accounting Considerations
Deductibility of Executive Compensation
Section 162(m) of the Code limits the amount of compensation that we may deduct in any one year for compensation paid to the Chief Executive Officer and certain other highly compensated executive officers (including the Chief Financial Officer for compensation earned after 2017) to $1 million. While our compensation committee considers the deductibility of compensation as a factor in making compensation decisions, our compensation committee retains the flexibility to provide compensation that is consistent with our goals for our executive compensation program even if such compensation is not fully tax deductible. Accordingly, our compensation committee may make decisions that result in compensation expense that is not fully deductible under Section 162(m) of the Code.
Taxation of Nonqualified Deferred Compensation
Section 409A of the Code requires that amounts that qualify as “nonqualified deferred compensation” satisfy requirements with respect to the timing of deferral elections, timing of payments, and certain other matters. Generally, our compensation committee intends to administer our executive compensation program and design individual compensation components, as well as the compensation plans and arrangements for our employees generally, so that they are either exempt from, or satisfy the requirements of, Section 409A. From time to time, we may be required to amend some of our compensation plans and arrangements to ensure that they are either exempt from, or compliant with, Section 409A.
Taxation of “Parachute” Payments
Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code provide that executive officers and directors who hold significant equity interests and certain other service providers may be subject to significant additional taxes if they receive payments or benefits in connection with a change in control of the Company that exceeds certain prescribed limits, and that the Company (or a successor) may forfeit a deduction on the amounts subject to this additional tax. We are not obligated to provide any Named Executive Officer with a “gross-up” or other reimbursement payment for any tax liability that he or she may owe as a result of the application of Sections 280G or 4999 in the event of a change in control of the Company.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
Our compensation committee takes accounting considerations into account in designing compensation plans and arrangements for our executive officers and other employees. Chief among these is Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 (“ASC Topic 718”), the standard which governs the accounting treatment of stock-based compensation awards.
ASC Topic 718 requires us to recognize in our financial statements all share-based payment awards to employees, including grants of options to purchase shares of our common stock and restricted stock awards that may be settled for shares of our common stock to our executive officers, based on their fair values. For certain performance-based stock awards, we also must apply judgment in determining the periods when, and if, the achievement of the related performance targets becomes probable.
ASC Topic 718 also requires us to recognize the compensation cost of our share-based payment awards in our income statement over the period that an employee, including our executive officers, is required to render service in exchange for the award (which, generally, will correspond to the award’s vesting schedule).
 
66
 
Compensation Committee Report
The information contained in the following Compensation Committee Report shall not be deemed to be soliciting material or to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference in such filing.
Our compensation committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by 402(b) of Regulation S-K with management. Based on this review and discussion, our compensation committee recommended to our board of directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this proxy statement.
Respectfully submitted by the members of the compensation committee of our board of directors:
Enrique Salem (Chair)
Sara C. Andrews
Ronald E. F. Codd
Adrian McDermott
 
67
 
Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal Year 2021
The following table provides information regarding the compensation awarded to, or earned by, our Named Executive Officers (with the applicable titles described below as of the end of 2021) during 2019, 2020 and 2021.
Name and Principal Position
​ ​
Year
​ ​
Salary
($)
​ ​
Bonus
($)
​ ​
Stock
Awards
($)(1)
​ ​
Option
Awards
($)
​ ​
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)(2)
​ ​
All Other
Compensation
($)
​ ​
Total
($)
​
Peter Bailey,
Executive Vice President, Mandiant Solutions(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ 2021 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 400,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,473,440 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 203,738 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,218 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,078,396 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 400,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,208,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 276,750 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,218 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,885,968 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2019 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Alexa King, .
Strategic Advisor(4)
​ ​ ​ ​ 2021 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 337,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 50,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,496,535 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 183,364 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 68,765(5) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,068,664 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 395,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,022,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 242,925 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,518 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,661,943 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2019 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 383,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,521,530 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 133,571 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,212 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,040,313 ​ ​
Kevin R. Mandia,.
Chief Executive Officer
​ ​ ​ ​ 2021 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6,946,880 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 391,820 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,518 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 7,780,218 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6,472,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 541,200 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,518 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 7,454,718 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2019 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 425,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 7,004,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 296,438 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,478 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 7,728,166 ​ ​
William T. Robbins,
Executive Vice President
and Chief Revenue Officer
​ ​ ​ ​ 2021 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 475,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,473,440 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 344,090 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,291 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,294,822 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 475,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,479,375 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 467,400 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,746 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5,423,521 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2019 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 462,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,202,550 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 252,844 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 9,511 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,927,405 ​ ​
Frank E. Verdecanna,.
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
​ ​ ​ ​ 2021 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 410,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,473,440 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 222,753 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,746 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,107,939 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 410,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,831,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 302,580 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,218 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,545,298 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2019 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 400,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,015,770 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 139,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,014 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,557,284 ​ ​
John P. Watters
President and Chief Operating Officer(6)
​ ​ ​ ​ 2021 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 445,454 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 15,283,950 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 396,699 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,276 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 16,130,380 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2019 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​
(1)
The amounts reported in this column represent the aggregate grant date fair value of time-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) as computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718. The assumptions used in calculating the grant date fair value of the awards reported in this column are set forth in the notes to our audited consolidated financial statements included in the Original Filing. The PSUs were valued based on the probable (target) outcome of performance-based conditions (i.e., based on 100% achievement). If the PSUs were instead valued based on the maximum outcome of performance-based conditions (i.e., based on 150% achievement), the total amount represented in this column for 2021 would be as follows: Mr. Bailey: $2,660,160; Ms. King: $3,655,994 (excluding consultant compensation); Mr. Mandia: $5,320,320; Mr. Robbins: $2,660,160; Mr. Verdecanna: $2,660,160; and Mr. Watters: $13,161,300.
​
(2)
The amounts reported in this column represent amounts paid under the Employee Incentive Plan.
​
(3)
Mr. Bailey became a Named Executive Officer in 2020 and ceased being an executive officer on April 5, 2021. Accordingly, information for 2019 with respect to Mr. Bailey is not provided.
​
(4)
Ms. King ceased being an executive officer on November 1, 2021.
​
(5)
The amount reported in this column for Ms. King includes $67,500 of consulting payments in November and December 2021 as a strategic advisor per her Transition Agreement.
​
(6)
Mr. Watters was appointed as our President and Chief Operating Officer in April 2021. Prior to that he served in various roles with the company, including as a consultant. Accordingly, only information for 2021 is provided with respect to Mr. Watters.
​
Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table for Fiscal Year 2021
The following table provides information regarding the amount of equity awards granted to our Named Executive Officers during 2021.
 
68
 
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Estimated Future Payouts Under
Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards(1)
​ ​
Estimated Future Payouts
Under Equity Incentive
Plan Awards(2)
​ ​
All Other
Stock
Awards:
Number of
Shares of
Stock or
Units
(#)(3)
​ ​
Grant Date
Fair Value
of Stock
and Option
Awards
($)(4)
​
Name
​ ​
Grant Date
​ ​
Threshold
($)
​ ​
Target
($)
​ ​
Maximum
($)
​ ​
Target
(#)
​ ​
Maximum
(#)
​
Peter Bailey
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 225,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 337,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 120,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,773,400 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,700,000 ​ ​
Alexa King
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 202,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 303,750 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 57,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 86,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,274,660 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 57,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,221,875 ​ ​
Kevin R. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 660,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 160,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 240,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,546,880 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 160,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,400,000 ​ ​
William T. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 380,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 570,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 120,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,773,400 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,700,000 ​ ​
Frank E. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 246,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 369,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 120,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,773,400 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 80,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,700,000 ​ ​
John P. Watters
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 600,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 900,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 4/8/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 225,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 337,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,768,200 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 4/8/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 300,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 300,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6,009,000 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ 4/8/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 225,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4,506,750 ​ ​
​
(1)
The amounts reported in the Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards columns relate to amounts payable for the achievement of the 2021 performance metrics established by our compensation committee under our Employee Incentive Plan. The target column assumes the achievement of the corporate performance metrics and the individual performance metrics at the target level. The maximum column assumes the achievement of the corporate performance metrics and the individual performance metrics at the maximum level. Notwithstanding the level of performance achieved by our Named Executive Officers, our compensation committee reserves the right to increase, reduce or eliminate any incentive compensation in its discretion. The actual amounts paid to our Named Executive Officers are set forth in the Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal Year 2021 above. For more information, see the section titled “Compensation Discussion and Analysis  —  Compensation Elements” above.
​
(2)
Represents performance-based restricted stock unit awards which were granted under the Mandiant, Inc. 2013 Equity Incentive Plan. For more information, see the section titled “Compensation Discussion and Analysis  —  Compensation Elements” above.
​
(3)
Represents restricted stock unit awards which were granted under the Mandiant, Inc. 2013 Equity Incentive Plan.
​
(4)
The amounts reported in this column represent the aggregate grant date fair value of the award as computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718. The assumptions used in calculating the grant date fair value of the awards reported in this column are set forth in the notes to our audited consolidated financial statements included in the Original Filing.
​
Outstanding Equity Awards at 2021 Fiscal Year-End Table
The following table presents certain information concerning equity awards held by our Named Executive Officers as of December 31, 2021.
 
69
 
​ ​ ​
Option Awards
​ ​
Stock Awards(1)
​
Name
​ ​
Grant Date
​ ​
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable
​ ​
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
​ ​
Option
Exercise
Price ($)
​ ​
Option
Expiration
Date
​ ​
Number of
Shares or
Units of
Stock that
have not
Vested (#)
​ ​
Market
Value of
Shares or
Units of
Stock that
have not
Vested ($)(2)
​ ​
Equity
incentive
plan
awards:
number of
unearned
shares,
units or
other
rights that
have not
vested(#)
​ ​
Equity
incentive
plan
awards:
market or
payout
value of
unearned
shares,
units or
other
rights that
have not
vested($)(2)
​
Peter Bailey
​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 26,625(3) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 467,003 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 50,000(4) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 877,000 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20(5) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 56,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 986,625 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 22,718(6) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 398,474 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 58,668(7) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,029,037 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21(8) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 65,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,140,100 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Alexa King
​ ​ ​ ​ 2/7/18(9) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 10,937 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 191,835 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/7/18(10) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 12,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 219,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/5/19 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 21,626(11) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 379,320 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/5/19(12) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 21,094 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 369,989 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 17,062(13) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 299,267 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 29,166(14) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 511,572 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20(5) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 35,156 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 616,636 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 16,328(15) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 286,393 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 42,168(14) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 739,627 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21(8) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 46,719 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 819,451 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Kevin R. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ 2/7/18(9) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 43,750 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 767,375 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/7/18(10) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 50,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 877,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/5/19 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 60,074(16) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,053,698 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/5/19(12) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 58,594 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,027,739 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 54,599(17) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 957,666 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 93,333(14) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,637,061 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20(5) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 112,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,973,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 45,438(18) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 796,983 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 117,334(7) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,058,038 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21(8) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 130,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,280,200 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
William T. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ 2/7/18(9) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 16,406 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 287,761 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/7/18(10) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 18,750 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 328,875 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/18/18(9) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5,468 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 95,909 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/18/18(10) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 109,625 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/5/19 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 36,044(19) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 632,212 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/5/19(12) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 35,157 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 616,654 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 30,712(20) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 538,688 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 52,500(14) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 920,850 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20(5) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 63,281 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,109,949 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5/6/20 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 10,237(21) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 179,557 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 17,500(14) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 306,950 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5/6/20(5) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 21,094 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 369,989 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 22,718(6) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 398,474 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 58,668(7) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,029,037 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21(8) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 65,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,140,100 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
 
70
 
​ ​ ​
Option Awards
​ ​
Stock Awards(1)
​
Name
​ ​
Grant Date
​ ​
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable
​ ​
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
​ ​
Option
Exercise
Price ($)
​ ​
Option
Expiration
Date
​ ​
Number of
Shares or
Units of
Stock that
have not
Vested (#)
​ ​
Market
Value of
Shares or
Units of
Stock that
have not
Vested ($)(2)
​ ​
Equity
incentive
plan
awards:
number of
unearned
shares,
units or
other
rights that
have not
vested(#)
​ ​
Equity
incentive
plan
awards:
market or
payout
value of
unearned
shares,
units or
other
rights that
have not
vested($)(2)
​
Frank E. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ 2/7/18(9) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 19,140 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 335,716 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/7/18(10) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 21,875 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 383,688 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/5/19 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 34,442(22) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 604,113 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/5/19(12) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 33,594 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 589,239 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 23,886(23) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 418,960 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 40,833(14) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 716,211 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/4/20(5) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 49,219 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 863,301 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 22,718(6) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 398,474 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 58,668(7) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,029,037 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2/11/21(8) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 65,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,140,100 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
John P. Watters
​ ​ ​ ​ 4/8/21(24) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 225,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,946,500 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4/8/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 79,875(25) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,401,008 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 150,000(4) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,631,000 ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4/8/21 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 300,000(26) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5,262,000 ​ ​
​
(1)
Unless otherwise described in the footnotes below, represents (i) restricted stock unit awards and (ii) performance based restricted stock unit awards, in each case that remained unvested and/or unearned as of December 31, 2021. If the holder of an award ceases to provide services to us prior to the date on which all shares subject to the award have vested in accordance with the applicable vesting schedule described in the footnotes below, we have a right to cancel the then unvested portion of the award.
​
(2)
The market value of unvested shares is calculated by multiplying the number of unvested shares held by the applicable Named Executive Officer by the closing market price of our common stock on The NASDAQ Global Select Market on December 31, 2021, which was $17.54 per share.
​
(3)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 26,625 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(4)
Upon the achievement of the target outcome of certain performance conditions, one-half of the eligible restricted stock units will vest on February 15, 2023, and the remaining eligible restricted stock units will vest on February 15, 2024, subject to the holder’s continuous status as a service provider on each such vesting date.
​
(5)
One-ninth of the shares subject to the restricted stock unit award vested on February 15, 2022, and the remaining shares subject to the restricted stock unit award will vest quarterly thereafter in eight equal installments, subject to the holder’s continuous status as a service provider on each such vesting date.
​
(6)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 22,718 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(7)
Upon the achievement of the target outcome of certain performance conditions, approximately 36.4% of the eligible restricted stock units will vest on February 15, 2023, and approximately 63.6% of the eligible restricted stock units will vest on February 15, 2024, subject to the holder’s continuous status as a service provider on each such vesting date.
​
(8)
One-thirteenth of the shares subject to the restricted stock unit award vested on February 15, 2022, and the remaining shares subject to the restricted stock unit award will vest quarterly thereafter in twelve generally equal installments, subject to the holder’s continuous status as a service provider on each such vesting date.
​
(9)
100% of the amount earned, which was based on the achievement of certain performance conditions, vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(10)
100% of the shares subject to the restricted stock unit award vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(11)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 21,626 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year and the 2019 – 2021 performance period for the relative TSR performance condition were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(12)
One-fifth of the shares subject to the restricted stock unit award vested on February 15, 2022, and the remaining
​
 
71
 
shares subject to the restricted stock unit award will vest quarterly thereafter in four generally equal installments, subject to the holder’s continuous status as a service provider on each such vesting date.
(13)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 17,062 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(14)
100% of the eligible restricted stock units were forfeited upon the termination of Ms. King’s service to the Company as a strategic advisor on March 1, 2022.
​
(15)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 16,328 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(16)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 60,074 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year and the 2019 – 2021 performance period for the relative TSR performance condition were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(17)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 54,599 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(18)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 45,438 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(19)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 36,044 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year and the 2019 – 2021 performance period for the relative TSR performance condition were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(20)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 30,712 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(21)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 10,237 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(22)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 34,442 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year and the 2019 – 2021 performance years were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(23)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 23,886 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(24)
25% of the shares subject to the restricted stock unit award vested on February 15, 2022, and the remaining shares subject to the restricted stock unit award will vest quarterly thereafter in twelve equal installments, subject to the holder’s continuous status as a service provider on each such vesting date.
​
(25)
Upon the achievement of certain performance conditions, 79,875 of the eligible restricted stock units relating to the 2021 performance year were earned and vested on February 15, 2022.
​
(26)
One-third of the eligible restricted stock units will vest upon the Company’s attainment of a 30-day average stock price of $25; one-third of the eligible restricted stock units will vest upon the Company’s attainment of a 10-day average stock price of $30; one-sixth of the eligible restricted stock units will vest upon the Company’s attainment of a 10-day average stock price of $35; and one-sixth of the eligible restricted stock units will vest upon the Company’s attainment of a 10-day average stock price of $40, in each case subject to the holder’s continuous status as a service provider on each such vesting date.
​
Option Exercises and Stock Vested for Fiscal Year 2021 Table
The following table sets forth the number of shares acquired and the value realized upon the exercise of stock options and the vesting of restricted stock unit awards during 2021 by each of our Named Executive Officers.
​ ​ ​
Option Awards
​ ​
Stock Awards
​
Name
​ ​
Number of Shares
Acquired on Exercise
(#)
​ ​
Value Realized
on Exercise
($)(1)
​ ​
Number of Shares
Acquired on Vesting
(#)
​ ​
Value Realized
on Vesting
($)(2)
​
Peter Bailey
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 96,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,990,713 ​ ​
Alexa King
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 118,718 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2,469,758 ​ ​
Kevin R. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 375,626 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 7,833,379 ​ ​
William T. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 307,499 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6,456,577 ​ ​
Frank E. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ 87,992 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1,383,365 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 182,766 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3,807,860 ​ ​
John P. Watters(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 10,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 210,050 ​ ​
​
(1)
Based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of exercise less the option exercise price paid for those shares, multiplied by the number of shares for which the option was exercised.
​
(2)
Based on the market price per share of the Company’s common stock on the vesting date, multiplied by the number of shares vested.
​
 
72
 
(3)
These shares were released upon vesting of restricted stock units granted to Mr. Watters in 2020 in connection with his consulting relationship with the Company.
​
Employment Agreements for Executive Officers
Kevin R. Mandia
Effective December 30, 2013, we entered into an employment offer letter with Kevin R. Mandia, our Chief Executive Officer. The offer letter is for no specific term and provides that Mr. Mandia is an “at-will” employee. Mr. Mandia’s current annual base salary is $440,000, and he is eligible for annual target incentive payments equal to $440,000 for 2022. Mr. Mandia is also eligible for severance payments and benefits under our Change of Control Severance Policy for Officers.
The offer letter also contains certain covenants regarding external consulting and other activities that Mr. Mandia cannot engage in while providing services to us.
William T. Robbins
Effective November 14, 2016, we entered into an employment offer letter with William T. Robbins, our Executive Vice President, Chief Revenue Officer and General Manager of Products. The offer letter is for no specific term and provides that Mr. Robbins is an “at-will” employee. Mr. Robbins’ current annual base salary is $475,000, and he is eligible for annual target incentive payments equal to $380,000 for 2022. Mr. Robbins is also eligible for severance payments and benefits under our Change of Control Severance Policy for Officers.
Frank E. Verdecanna
Effective February 20, 2018, we entered into a confirmatory employment offer letter with Frank E. Verdecanna, our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer. The offer letter is for no specific term and provides that Mr. Verdecanna is an “at-will” employee. Mr. Verdecanna’s current annual base salary is $410,000, and he is eligible for annual target incentive payments equal to $246,000 for 2022. Mr. Verdecanna is also eligible for severance payments and benefits under our Change of Control Severance Policy for Officers.
John P. Watters
Effective April 1, 2021, we entered into an employment offer letter with John P. Watters, our President and Chief Operating Officer. The offer letter is for no specific term and provides that Mr. Watters is an “at-will” employee. Mr. Watters’ current annual base salary is $600,000, and he is eligible for annual target incentive payments equal to $600,000 for 2022, pro-rated based on his first day of employment. Mr. Watters is also eligible for severance payments and benefits under our Change of Control Severance Policy for Officers.
Change of Control Severance Policy for Officers
In July 2013, our compensation committee adopted and approved a Change of Control Severance Policy for Officers (the “Severance Policy”). All of our executive officers and certain of our non-executive officers (collectively referred to as “eligible employees”) are generally eligible for severance payments and benefits under the Severance Policy, subject to the conditions described below. Each eligible employee may receive payments and benefits upon a qualified termination of employment anytime from three months prior to a change of control through 12 months following a change of control of the Company (the “change of control period”). In addition, eligible employees may receive severance payments and benefits for qualified terminations of employment unrelated to a change of control. The payments and benefits in the Severance Policy vary based on whether an eligible employee is an executive officer, or Tier 1 Executive, or a non-executive officer, or Tier II Executive.
In the event of a termination of employment without “cause” or a resignation for “good reason” ​(as such terms are generally defined below), in each case, during the change of control period, an eligible employee will receive the following:
•
Tier I Executive or Tier II Executive:
​
 
73
 
•
lump-sum 12 months base salary payment;
​
•
pro-rata bonus for the year of termination;
​
•
100% acceleration of unvested equity awards with unvested performance awards vesting at maximum level; and
​
•
paid COBRA continuation for 12 months.
​
In the event of a termination of employment without “cause” ​(as generally defined below) outside of the change of control period, an eligible employee will receive the following:
•
Tier I Executive:
​
•
lump-sum 12 months base salary payment; and
​
•
paid COBRA continuation for 12 months.
​
•
Tier II Executive:
​
•
lump-sum six months base salary payment; and
​
•
paid COBRA continuation for six months.
​
To be an eligible employee, the participant must enter into a participation agreement with us. Also, all severance payments and benefits under the Severance Policy are subject to the eligible employee executing a release of clams in favor of the Company. Payments and benefits under the Severance Policy replace any then-existing severance and/or change of control payment and benefit arrangements that an eligible employee had previously. All of our Named Executive Officers have entered into a participation agreement with us.
For purposes of the Severance Policy, “cause” means generally:
•
the unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information or trade secrets, which use or disclosure causes material harm to us;
​
•
the material breach of any agreement between us and the named executive officer;
​
•
the material failure to comply with our written policies or rules;
​
•
the conviction of, or plea of “guilty” or “no contest” to, a felony under the laws of the United States or any State;
​
•
gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of the named executive officer’s duties;
​
•
the continuing failure to perform assigned duties after receiving written notification of the failure from our Chief Executive Officer; or
​
•
the failure to cooperate in good faith with a governmental or internal investigation of the company or our directors, officers or employees, if we have requested such cooperation;
​
provided, however, that “cause” will not be deemed to exist in certain of the events above unless the named executive officer has been provided with (i) 30 days’ written notice by our board of directors of the act or omission constituting “cause” and (ii) 30 days’ opportunity to cure such act or omission, if capable of cure.
For purposes of the Severance Policy, “good reason” means generally any of the following without an eligible employee’s consent:
•
a material reduction in duties, authority, reporting relationship, or responsibilities;
​
•
a material reduction in annual cash compensation;
​
•
a requirement to relocate to a location more than 20 miles from the eligible employee’s then-current office location;
​
•
a material breach by us of the eligible employee’s employment agreement or any other agreement between the eligible employee and us; or
​
•
a failure by any successor entity to assume the Severance Policy.
​
 
74
 
Potential Payments upon a Change of Control, upon Termination or upon Termination Following a Change of Control
Potential Payments Upon Termination of Employment Outside of the Change of Control Period
The table below shows the estimated payments and benefits that each Named Executive Officer would have received under the Severance Policy if his or her employment had been terminated without cause on December 31, 2021, assuming that such termination occurred outside of a change of control period.
Name
​ ​
Salary
Continuation($)
​ ​
Value of Continued
Health Care
Premiums($)(1)
​ ​
Total($)
​
Peter Bailey
​ ​ ​ ​ 400,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 428,627 ​ ​
Alexa King(2)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Kevin R. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 468,627 ​ ​
William T. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ 475,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 503,627 ​ ​
Frank E. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ 410,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 438,627 ​ ​
John P. Watters
​ ​ ​ ​ 600,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 628,627 ​ ​
​
(1)
Estimates of COBRA value are based on coverage in effect as of December 31, 2021.
​
(2)
Ms. King’s employment with us terminated in November 2021 and she did not receive any payments under the Severance Policy.
​
Potential Payments Upon Termination of Employment During the Change of Control Period
The table below shows the estimated payments and benefits that each Named Executive Officer would have received under the Severance Policy if his or her employment had been terminated without cause, or he or she had resigned for good reason, on December 31, 2021, assuming that such termination or resignation for good reason occurred within a change of control period.
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Acceleration
​ ​
Value of
Continued
Health Care
Premiums($)(2)
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Name
​ ​
Salary
Continuation($)
​ ​
Pro rata Cash
Incentive($)(1)
​ ​
Option
Awards($)
​ ​
Stock
Awards($)
​ ​
Total($)
​
Peter Bailey
​ ​ ​ ​ 400,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 225,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6,204,775 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6,858,402 ​ ​
Alexa King(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Kevin R. Mandia
​ ​ ​ ​ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 440,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 17,296,071 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 18,204,698 ​ ​
William T. Robbins
​ ​ ​ ​ 475,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 380,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 10,439,036 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 11,322,663 ​ ​
Frank E. Verdecanna
​ ​ ​ ​ 410,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 246,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 8,424,944 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 9,109,571 ​ ​
John P. Watters
​ ​ ​ ​ 600,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 600,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 15,128,250 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 28,627 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 16,356,877 ​ ​
​
(1)
Represents amount of target annual cash incentive opportunity as of December 31, 2021.
​
(2)
Estimates of COBRA value are based on coverage in effect as of December 31, 2021.
​
(3)
Ms. King’s employment with us terminated in November 2021 and she did not receive any payments under the Severance Policy.
​
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table provides information as of December 31, 2021 with respect to shares of our common stock that may be issued under our existing equity compensation plans. The table does not include information with respect to shares of our common stock subject to outstanding stock options that were assumed by us in connection with our acquisitions of Mandiant, nPulse Technologies, Verodin or Respond Software, which originally granted those stock options. However, footnote 3 to the table sets forth the total number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of those assumed options as of December 31, 2021, and the weighted average exercise price of those assumed stock options.
 
75
 
Plan Category
​ ​
(a)
Number of
Securities to be Issued
Upon Exercise of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights
​ ​
(b)
Weighted Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants and
Rights(1)
​ ​
(c)
Number of
Securities Remaining
Available for Future
Issuance Under Equity
Compensation Plans
(Excluding Securities
Reflected in
Column (a))
​
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders(2)
​ ​ ​ ​ 19,666,585 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 23.1424 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 22,576,957 ​ ​
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Total
​ ​ ​ ​ 19,666,585 ​ ​ ​ ​ $ 23.1424 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 22,576,957 ​ ​
​
(1)
The weighted average exercise price is calculated based solely on outstanding stock options. It does not take into account restricted stock units, which have no exercise price.
​
(2)
Includes the following plans: Mandiant, Inc. 2008 Stock Plan, Mandiant, Inc. 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (“2013 Plan”) and Mandiant, Inc. 2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). Our 2013 Plan provides that on the first day of each fiscal year, the number of shares available for issuance thereunder is automatically increased by a number equal to the least of (i) 12,100,000 shares of common stock, (ii) five percent (5.0%) of the aggregate number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31st of the preceding fiscal year, or (iii) such other amount as may be determined by our board of directors. Our ESPP provides that on the first day of each fiscal year, the number of shares available for issuance thereunder is automatically increased by a number equal to the least of (i) 3,700,000 shares of common stock, (ii) one percent (1.0%) of the aggregate number of shares of common stock outstanding on such date, or (iii) such other amount as may be determined by our board of directors. On January 1, 2022, the number of shares available for issuance under our 2013 Plan and our ESPP increased by 11,590,100 shares and 2,318,020 shares, respectively, pursuant to these provisions. These increases are not reflected in the table above.
​
(3)
The table does not include information for the Mandiant Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, nPulse Technologies, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan, Verodin, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, and Respond Software, Inc. 2016 Stock Option and Grant Plan, which are equity compensation plans governing stock options assumed by us in connection with the acquisitions of Mandiant, nPulse Technologies, Verodin and Respond Software. As of December 31, 2021, there were a total of 1,388,518 shares subject to outstanding stock options assumed by us in connection with the acquisitions of Mandiant, nPulse Technologies, Verodin and Respond Software. Those outstanding stock options had a weighted average exercise price of $2.0228 per share. No additional awards may be made under those plans.
​
CEO Pay Ratio
As required by Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following information about the relationship of the annual total compensation of our employees and the annual total compensation of our Chief Executive Officer:
For 2021, our last completed fiscal year:
•
the median of the annual total compensation of all employees of our company (other than our Chief Executive Officer) was $176,451; and
​
•
the annual total compensation of our Chief Executive Officer, as reported in the Summary Compensation Table presented elsewhere in this proxy statement, was $7,780,218.
​
Based on this information, for 2021, the ratio of the annual total compensation of our Chief Executive Officer to the median of the annual total compensation of all other employees was approximately 44 to 1. This pay ratio is a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K.
To identify the median of the annual total compensation of all our employees, as well as to determine the annual total compensation of the “median employee,” the methodology and the material assumptions, adjustments and estimates that we used were as follows:
•
We selected December 31, 2021, which is the last day of our fiscal year, as the date upon which we would identify the median employee.
​
 
76
 
•
As of December 31, 2021, our employee population consisted of 2,335 individuals.
​
•
We identified our “median employee” from our employee population with respect to 2020 based on payroll and equity plan records for January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020 (the “compensation measurement period”). As permitted under Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K, we used the same “median employee” for 2021.
​
•
The compensation measure included the following: base salary, bonus payments, grant date fair value of equity awards, and sales commissions. Such cash amounts reflected amounts, if any, actually paid during the compensation measurement period.
​
•
We did not annualize any amounts for employees who were hired in fiscal year 2020 but did not work for us or our subsidiaries for the entire fiscal year.
​
•
We did not exclude any non-U.S. employee under the de minimis exception set forth in Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K.
​
•
We did not include the amount of non-cash tax gross ups for relocation benefits and employee recognition awards.
​
•
Amounts paid in foreign currency were converted into United States dollars using exchange rates in effect as of December 31, 2020.
​
•
With respect to the annual total compensation of the “median employee,” we identified and calculated the elements of such employee’s compensation for 2021 in accordance with the requirements of Item 402(c)(2)(x) of Regulation S-K, resulting in annual total compensation of $176,451.
​
•
With respect to the annual total compensation for our Chief Executive Officer, we used the amount reported in the “Total” column of our Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal Year 2020.
​
 
77
 
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock and convertible preferred stock as of April 6, 2022 for:
•
each of our directors;
​
•
each of our Named Executive Officers;
​
•
all of our current directors and current executive officers as a group; and
​
•
each person or group who is known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our common stock or convertible preferred stock.
​
We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. In computing a person’s percentage ownership of common stock, (a) shares of common stock subject to options or restricted stock units held by that person that are currently exercisable, or exercisable (or, in the case of restricted stock units, scheduled to vest and settle) within 60 days after April 6, 2022, and (b) shares of common stock into which shares of convertible preferred stock are convertible, are deemed to be outstanding and beneficially owned by that person. None of these shares, however, are deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.
Except as indicated below, to our knowledge, the persons and entities named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all shares that they beneficially owned, subject to community property laws where applicable. For the percentage of beneficial ownership of common stock, we have based our calculation on 233,978,294 shares of our common stock outstanding as of April 6, 2022. For the percentage of beneficial ownership of our convertible preferred stock, we have based our calculation on 400,000 shares of our convertible preferred stock outstanding as of April 6, 2022. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o Mandiant, Inc., 11951 Freedom Drive, 6th Floor, Reston, VA 201905.
​ ​ ​
Common Stock
​ ​
Convertible Preferred Stock
​
Name of Beneficial Owner
​ ​
Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
​ ​
Percentage of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
​ ​
Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
​ ​
Percentage of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
​
5% Stockholders: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Blackstone Entities(1)
​ ​ ​ ​ 22,757,008 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 9.73% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 370,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 92.5% ​ ​
The Vanguard Group(2)
​ ​ ​ ​ 21,727,091 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 9.29% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Allianz Global Investors U.S. LLC(3)
​ ​ ​ ​ 14,032,951 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6.00% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
FMR LLC(4)
​ ​ ​ ​ 21,694,412 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 9.27% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
BlackRock, Inc.(5)
​ ​ ​ ​ 13,321,460 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5.69% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
ClearSky Entities(6)
​ ​ ​ ​ 1,845,162 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 0.79% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 30,000 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 7.5% ​ ​
Directors and Named Executive Officers: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Peter Bailey(7)
​ ​ ​ ​ 46,421 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Alexa King(8)
​ ​ ​ ​ 191,579 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Kevin R. Mandia(9)
​ ​ ​ ​ 3,556,753 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1.52% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
William T. Robbins(10)
​ ​ ​ ​ 99,357 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Frank E. Verdecanna(11)
​ ​ ​ ​ 416,194 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Kimberly Alexy
​ ​ ​ ​ 82,904 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Sara C. Andrews
​ ​ ​ ​ 8,347 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Ronald E. F. Codd(12)
​ ​ ​ ​ 136,625 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Arthur W. Coviello, Jr.(13)
​ ​ ​ ​ 22,519 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Adrian McDermott
​ ​ ​ ​ 30,225 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
 
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​ ​ ​
Common Stock
​ ​
Convertible Preferred Stock
​
Name of Beneficial Owner
​ ​
Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
​ ​
Percentage of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
​ ​
Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
​ ​
Percentage of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
​
Viral Patel
​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Enrique Salem
​ ​ ​ ​ 278,653 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
Robert E. Switz
​ ​ ​ ​ 68,590 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
John P. Watters(14)
​ ​ ​ ​ 267,563 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ * ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
All current directors and current executive officers as a
group (12 persons)(15)
​ ​ ​ ​ 4,967,730 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2.12% ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ — ​ ​
​
*
Represents beneficial ownership of less than one percent of the outstanding shares of our common stock.
​
(1)
Consists of (i) 362,974 shares of our convertible preferred stock, which are convertible into 22,324,871 shares of our common stock, directly held by Blackstone Delta Lower Holdings DE L.P. and (ii) 7,026 shares of our convertible preferred stock, which are convertible into 432,137 shares of our common stock, directly held by BTO FD Delta Holdings DE L.P.
​
Blackstone Delta Lower Holdings Manager L.L.C. is the general partner of Blackstone Delta Lower Holdings DE L.P. Blackstone Delta Holdings DE L.P. is the managing member of Blackstone Delta Lower Holdings Manager L.L.C. BTO Holdings Manager L.L.C. is the general partner of Blackstone Delta Holdings DE L.P. Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Associates L.L.C. is the managing member of BTO Holdings Manager L.L.C. BTOA L.L.C. is the sole member of Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Associates L.L.C. Blackstone Holdings III L.P. is the managing member of BTOA L.L.C. Blackstone Holdings III GP L.P. is the general partner of Blackstone Holdings  III L.P. Blackstone Holdings III GP Management L.L.C. is the general partner of Blackstone Holdings III GP L.P.
BTO FD Delta Holdings Manager L.L.C. is the general partner of BTO FD Delta Holdings DE L.P. Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Fund   —   FD L.P. is the managing member of BTO FD Delta Holdings Manager L.L.C. Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Associates III   —   NQ L.P. is the general partner of Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Fund   —   FD L.P. BTO DE GP   —   NQ L.L.C. is the general partner of Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Associates III   —   NQ L.P. Blackstone Holdings II L.P. is the managing member of BTO DE GP   —   NQ L.L.C. Blackstone Holdings I/II GP L.L.C. is the general partner of Blackstone Holdings II L.P. The Blackstone Group Inc. is the sole member of each of Blackstone Holdings I/II GP L.L.C. and Blackstone Holdings  III GP Management L.L.C. The sole holder of the Class C common stock of The Blackstone Group Inc. is Blackstone Group Management L.L.C.
Blackstone Group Management L.L.C. is wholly-owned by Blackstone’s senior managing directors and controlled by its founder, Stephen A. Schwarzman. Each of the Blackstone entities described in this footnote and Stephen A. Schwarzman (other than to the extent it or he directly holds securities as described herein) may be deemed to beneficially own the securities directly or indirectly controlled by such Blackstone entities or him, but each disclaims beneficial ownership of such securities. The address of each of the entities listed in this footnote and Mr. Schwarzman is c/o The Blackstone Group Inc., 345 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10154.
(2)
As of December 31, 2021, the reporting date of The Vanguard Group’s filing with the SEC on February 10, 2022 pursuant to Section 13(g) of the Exchange Act, The Vanguard Group, as investment advisor, has sole voting power with respect to zero shares of our common stock, shared voting power with respect to 119,284 shares of our common stock, sole dispositive power with respect to 21,396,178 shares of our common stock and shared dispositive power with respect to 330,913 shares of our common stock. The principal business address of The Vanguard Group is 100 Vanguard Blvd., Malvern, PA 19355.
​
(3)
As of December 31, 2021, the reporting date of the filing by Allianz Global Investors U.S. Holdings LLC with the SEC on February 14, 2022 pursuant to Section 13(g) of the Exchange Act, Allianz Global Investors U.S. Holdings LLC, as investment advisor, has sole voting power with respect to 13,995,546 shares of our common stock, shared voting power with respect to 37,405 shares of our common stock, sole dispositive power with respect to 14,032,951 shares of our common stock and shared dispositive power with respect to zero shares of our common stock. The principal business address of Allianz Global Investors U.S. Holdings LLC is 1633 Broadway, New York, NY 10019.
​
(4)
As of December 31, 2021, the reporting date of the joint filing by FMR LLC and Abigail P. Johnson, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of FMR LLC, with the SEC on February 9, 2022 pursuant to Section 13(g) of the Exchange Act, (i) FMR LLC, as a parent holding company, has sole voting power with respect to 426,903 shares of our common stock, shared voting power with respect to zero shares of our common stock, sole dispositive power with respect to 21,694,412 shares of our common stock and shared dispositive power with respect to zero shares of our common stock, and (ii) Abigail P. Johnson has sole voting power with respect to zero shares of our common stock,
​
 
79
 
shared voting power with respect to zero shares of our common stock, sole dispositive power with respect to 21,694,412 shares of our common stock and shared dispositive power with respect to zero shares of our common stock. The principal business address of FMR LLC and Abigail P. Johnson is 245 Summer Street, Boston, MA 02210.
(5)
As of December 31, 2021, the reporting date of the filing by BlackRock, Inc. with the SEC on February 4, 2022 pursuant to Section 13(g) of the Exchange Act, BlackRock, Inc., as a parent holding company, has sole voting power with respect to 12,484,727 shares of our common stock, shared voting power with respect to zero shares of our common stock, sole dispositive power with respect to 13,321,460 shares of our common stock and shared dispositive power with respect to zero shares of our common stock. The principal business address of BlackRock, Inc. is 55 East 52nd Street, New York, NY 10055.
​
(6)
Consists of (i) 965,159 shares of our common stock held of record by ClearSky Security Fund I LLC, (ii) 24,000 shares of our convertible preferred stock, which are convertible into 1,476,130 shares of our common stock, directly held by ClearSky Security Fund I LLC, and (iii) 6,000 shares of our convertible preferred stock, which are convertible into 369,032 shares of our common stock, directly held by ClearSky Power & Technology Fund II LLC.
​
ClearSky Security Fund I LLC is a Delaware limited liability company. Voting and investment decisions of ClearSky Security Fund I LLC are made by an investment committee, which is comprised of Joseph Wright, Alexander Weiss, James Huff, Jay Leek and Peter Kuper, each of whom individually disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held of record by ClearSky Security Fund I LLC except to the extent of any their pecuniary interest therein. The address of ClearSky Security Fund I LLC is 11231 US Highway 1, Suite 395, North Palm Beach, Florida 33408.
ClearSky Power & Technology Fund II LLC is a Delaware limited liability company. Voting and investment decisions of ClearSky Power & Technology Fund II LLC are made by an investment committee, which is comprised of Joseph Wright, Alexander Weiss, James Huff, Jay Leek, Peter Kuper, and Erik Straser, each of whom individually disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held of record by ClearSky Power & Technology Fund II LLC except to the extent of any their pecuniary interest therein. The address of ClearSky Power & Technology Fund II LLC is 11231 US Highway 1, Suite 395, North Palm Beach, Florida 33408.
(7)
Consists of (i) 29,780 shares of our common stock held of record by Mr. Bailey and (ii) 16,641 shares of our common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units within 60 days of April 6, 2022. With respect to shares of our common stock, represents shares held by Mr. Bailey as of April 5, 2021, the date on which he ceased to serve as our Chief Operating Officer.
​
(8)
Represents shares of our common stock directly held by Ms. King as of November 1, 2021, the date on which she ceased to serve as our Executive Vice President, Corporate and Legal Affairs, General Counsel, and Secretary.
​
(9)
Consists of (i) 3,011,159 shares of our common stock held of record by Mr. Mandia, (ii) 60,718 shares of our common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units within 60 days of April 6, 2022, (iii) 340,691 shares of our common stock held of record by Kevin R. Mandia 2011 Irrevocable Trust Dated July 29, 2011, and (iv) 144,185 shares of our common stock held of record by Mr. Mandia’s wife. Mr. Mandia’s wife, as trustee, has shared voting and investment power with respect to the shares held of record by the Kevin R. Mandia 2011 Irrevocable Trust dated July 29, 2011. Mr. Mandia disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held of record by the Kevin R. Mandia 2011 Irrevocable Trust dated July 29, 2011 and the shares held of record by Mr. Mandia’s wife.
​
(10)
Consists of (i) 68,952 shares of our common stock held of record by Mr. Robbins and (ii) 30,405 shares of our common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units within 60 days of April 6, 2022.
​
(11)
Consists of (i) 390,008 shares of our common stock held of record by Mr. Verdecanna and (ii) 26,186 shares of our common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units within 60 days of April 6, 2022.
​
(12)
Consists of 136,625 shares held of record by the Codd Revocable Trust Dtd March 6, 1998, for which the Reporting Person serves as a trustee.
​
(13)
Consists of (i) 9,641 shares of our common stock held of record by Mr. Coviello and (ii) 12,878 shares held of record by the Arthur W. Coviello Jr. Revocable Trust, for which the Reporting Person serves as a trustee.
​
(14)
Consists of (i) 186,001 shares of our common stock held of record by Mr. Watters, (ii) 26,562 shares of our common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units within 60 days of April 6, 2022, (ii) 20,000 shares of our common stock held of record by JPW Advisory, Inc., for which Mr. Watters serves as the sole officer and director, and (iii) 35,000 shares of our common stock held of record by Dorset Investment Partners, Ltd., a family limited partnership of which Mr. Watters and his spouse are general partners. Mr. Watters disclaims beneficial ownership of all shares held by the family limited partnership, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.
​
(15)
Consists of (i) 4,823,859 shares of our common stock beneficially owned by our current directors and current executive officers, and (ii) 143,871 shares of our common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units within 60 days of April 6, 2022.
​
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING
COMPLIANCE AND DELINQUENT REPORTS
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires that our executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than 10% of our common stock, file reports of ownership and changes of ownership with the SEC.
 
80
 
Such directors, executive officers and 10% stockholders are required by SEC regulation to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.
SEC regulations require us to identify in this proxy statement anyone who filed a required report late during the most recent fiscal year. Based on our review of forms we received, or written representations from reporting persons stating that they were not required to file these forms, we believe that during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, all Section 16(a) filing requirements were satisfied on a timely basis, other than an amendment to Form 3 by John P. Watters to include 3,795 shares of common stock that were inadvertently omitted from the original Form 3.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS
We describe below transactions and series of similar transactions, since the beginning of our last fiscal year, to which we were or will be a party, in which:
•
the amounts involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000; and
​
•
any of our directors, nominees for director, executive officers or holders of more than 5% of our outstanding capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals or entities, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
​
Other than as described below, there has not been, nor is there any currently proposed, transactions or series of similar transactions to which we have been or will be a party.
Indemnification Agreements
We have entered into standard indemnification agreements with our directors and certain of our executive officers. The indemnification agreements and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws require us to indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.
Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions
Our audit committee has adopted a formal written policy providing that our audit committee is responsible for reviewing “related party transactions,” which are transactions (i) in which we were, are or will be a participant, (ii) in which the aggregate amount involved exceeds or may be expected to exceed $50,000, and (iii) in which a related person had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. For purposes of this policy, a related person is defined as a director, nominee for director, executive officer, or greater than 5% beneficial owner of our common stock and their immediate family members. Under this policy, all related party transactions may be consummated or continued only if approved or ratified by our audit committee. In determining whether to approve or ratify any such proposal, our audit committee will take into account, among other factors it deems appropriate, (i) whether the transaction is on terms no less favorable than terms generally available to an unaffiliated third party under the same or similar circumstances and (ii) the extent of the related party’s interest in the transaction. The policy grants standing pre-approval of certain transactions, including (i) certain compensation arrangements of executive officers, (ii) certain director compensation arrangements, (iii) transactions with another company at which a related party’s only relationship is as a non-executive employee, director or beneficial owner of less than 10% of that company’s shares and the aggregate amount involved does not exceed the greater of $500,000 or 2% of the company’s total annual revenue, (iv) transactions where a related party’s interest arises solely from the ownership of our common stock and all holders of our common stock received the same benefit on a pro rata basis, and (v) transactions available to all U.S. employees generally.
CEO Travel Policy
Our board of directors adopted a travel reimbursement policy in May 2016. Under the policy, as amended by our board of directors in April 2017, the individual serving as our Chief Executive Officer is eligible for reimbursement of expenses incurred in traveling by private aircraft if and when, on the infrequent occasion, such method of travel is reasonably necessary for Mandiant business trips. The total reimbursement for all eligible expenses with respect to private aircraft travel is capped at $1 million per year. For fiscal 2021, our Chief Executive Officer did not incur any such expenses.
 
81
 
OTHER MATTERS
Available Information
Our financial statements for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. This proxy statement and our annual report are posted on the Investor Relations section of our website at investors.Mandiant.com and are available from the SEC at its website at www.sec.gov. You may also obtain a copy of our annual report without charge by sending a written request to Mandiant, Inc., Attention: Investor Relations, 11951 Freedom Drive, 6th Floor, Reston, VA 20190.
Company Website
We maintain a website at www.Mandiant.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not intended to be incorporated by reference into this proxy statement, and references to our website address in this proxy statement are inactive textual references only.
*      *      *
Our board of directors does not know of any other matters to be presented at the Annual Meeting. If any additional matters are properly presented at the Annual Meeting, the persons named on the enclosed proxy card will have discretion to vote the shares of common stock they represent in accordance with their own judgment on such matters.
It is important that your shares of common stock be represented at the Annual Meeting, regardless of the number of shares that you hold. You are, therefore, urged to vote over the Internet or by telephone as instructed on the enclosed proxy card or execute and return, at your earliest convenience, the enclosed proxy card in the envelope that has also been provided.
​ ​ ​ ​ THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ​
​ ​ ​ ​ Reston, Virginia ​
​ ​ ​ ​ May 27, 2022 ​
 
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ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS OFMANDIANT, INC.July 7, 2022PROXY VOTING INSTRUCTIONSINTERNET - Access “www.voteproxy.com” and follow the on-screeninstructions or scan the QR code with your smartphone. Have your proxycard available when you access the web page.TELEPHONE - Call toll-free 1-800-PROXIES (1-800-776-9437) in theUnited States or 1-718-921-8500 from foreign countries and follow theinstructions. Have your proxy card available when you call.Vote online/phone until 11:59 PM EST the day before the meeting.MAIL - Sign, date and mail your proxy card in the envelope provided assoon as possible.VIRTUALLY AT THE MEETING - You may attend the meeting viathe Internet and vote during the meeting. Please visithttps://web.lumiagm.com/287951276 (password: mandiant2022)and be sure to have your control number available.GO GREEN - Go paperless and sign up for electronic delivery. Enjoy quickaccess to your proxy materials, statements and other eligible documentsonline, while reducing costs, clutter and paper waste. Enrollment is easyvia www.astfinancial.com.COMPANY NUMBERACCOUNT NUMBERNOTICE OF INTERNET AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS:The Notice of Meeting, proxy statement and proxy cardare available at http://www.astproxyportal.com/ast/18620Please detach along perforated line and mail in the envelope provided IF you are not voting via telephone or the Internet.00003330304000000000 1 070722THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE "FOR” ALL NOMINEES ON PROPOSAL 1,“FOR” PROPOSAL 2, “FOR” PROPOSAL 3 AND FOR “1 YEAR” ON PROPOSAL 4.PLEASE SIGN, DATE AND RETURN PROMPTLY IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE. PLEASE MARK YOUR VOTE IN BLUE OR BLACK INK AS SHOWN HEREx1. To elect two Class III directors:1a. Kevin R. Mandia1b. Enrique Salem2. To ratify the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as ourindependent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal yearending December 31, 2022.3. Advisory vote to approve named executive officer compensation.4. Advisory vote on the frequency of future advisory votes toapprove named executive officer compensation.In their discretion, the proxies are authorized to vote upon such other business asmay properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournments orpostponements thereof. This proxy when properly executed will be voted as directedherein by the undersigned Stockholder. If no direction is made, this proxy will bevoted “FOR” all nominees on Proposal 1, “FOR” Proposal 2, “FOR” Proposal 3and for “1 YEAR” on Proposal 4.To change the address on your account, please check the box at right andindicate your new address in the address space above. Please note thatchanges to the registered name(s) on the account may not be submitted viathis method.Signature of Stockholder Date: Signature of Stockholder Date:Note: Please sign exactly as your name or names appear on this Proxy. When shares are held jointly, each holder should sign. When signing as executor, administrator, attorney, trustee or guardian, please give fulltitle as such. If the signer is a corporation, please sign full corporate name by duly authorized officer, giving full title as such. If signer is a partnership, please sign in partnership name by authorized person.
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MANDIANT, INC. Proxy for Annual Meeting of Stockholders on July 7, 2022 Solicited on Behalf of the Board of Directors The undersigned hereby appoints Kevin R. Mandia, Frank E. Verdecanna and Richard B. Meamber as proxies, each with the power to appoint his substitute, and hereby authorizes them to represent and vote, as designated on the reverse side hereof, all the shares of common stock and preferred stock of Mandiant, Inc. held of record by the undersigned at the close of business on May 16, 2022 at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on July 7, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. Pacific Time, at https://web.lumiagm.com/287951276 (password: mandiant2022), and at any adjournments or postponements thereof. (Continued and to be signed on the reverse side.) 1.1 14475
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