Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark one)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number: 000-30347

CURIS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)


Delaware						04-3505116
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

128 Spring Street, Building C - Suite 500, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (617) 503-6500

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 per share

CRIS

Nasdaq Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:


Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☒	Smaller reporting company ☒
			Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

As of April 30, 2024, there were 5,894,085 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

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CURIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

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		Page Number
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Unaudited Financial Statements	6

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31 , 202 4 and December 31, 202 3	6

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months Ended March 3 1 , 202 4 and 202 3	7

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Three Months Ended March 3 1 , 202 4 and 202 3	8

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 3 1 , 202 4 and 202 3	9

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	10

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	27

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	27

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	27

Item 5.	Other Information	27

Item 6.	Exhibits	28

Signatures		29

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Industry Data

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which involve risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Report are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including without limitation any statements with respect to the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations; statements concerning product research, development and commercialization plans, timelines and anticipated results; statements of expectation or belief; statements with respect to clinical trials and studies; statements with respect to royalties and milestones; statements with respect to the therapeutic potential of drug candidates; expectations of revenue, expenses, earnings or losses from operations, or other financial results; and statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “anticipate(s)”, “believe(s)”, “focus(es)”, “could”, “estimate(s)”, “expect(s)”, “intend(s)”, “may”, “plan(s)”, “seek(s)”, “will”, “strategy”, “mission”, “potential”, “should”, “would” and other similar language, whether in the negative or affirmative, are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, statements about:

•the initiation, timing, progress and results of future preclinical studies and clinical trials, and our research and development program for emavusertib;

•our estimates of the period in which we anticipate that existing cash, cash equivalents, and investments will enable us to fund our current and planned operations;

•our ability to continue as a going concern;

•our ability to obtain additional financing;

•our ability to establish and maintain collaborations;

•our plans to develop and commercialize emavusertib;

•the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings and approvals;

•the implementation of our business model and strategic plans for our business, drug candidate and technology;

•our estimates regarding expenses, future revenue and capital requirements;

•developments and projections relating to our competitors and our industry;

•our commercialization, marketing and manufacturing capabilities and strategy;

•the rate and degree of market acceptance and clinical utility of our products;

•our competitive position; and

•our intellectual property position.

Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. We therefore caution you against relying on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in these forward-looking statements include the factors discussed below under the heading “Risk Factor Summary” and the risk factors detailed further in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and, if applicable, those included under Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

This report includes statistical and other industry and market data that we obtained from industry publications and research, surveys, and studies conducted by third parties as well as our own estimates. All of the market data used in this report involve a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such data. Industry publications and third party research, surveys, and studies generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. Our estimates of the potential market opportunities for emavusertib include several key assumptions based on our industry knowledge, industry publications, third party research, and other surveys, which may be based on a small sample size and may fail to accurately reflect market opportunities. While we believe that our internal assumptions are reasonable, no independent source has verified such assumptions.

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The forward-looking statements included in this report represent our estimates as of the filing date of this report. We specifically disclaim any obligation to update these forward-looking statements in the future. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our estimates or views as of any date subsequent to the date of this report.

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Risk Factor Summary

Investment in our securities involves risk. You should carefully consider the following summary of what we believe to be the principal risks facing our business, in addition to the risks described more fully in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and, if applicable, those included under Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other information included in this report. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only risks and uncertainties we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we presently deem less significant may also impair our business operations.

If any of the following risks occurs, our business, financial condition, and results of operations and future growth prospects could be materially and adversely affected, and the actual outcomes of matters as to which forward-looking statements are made in this report could be materially different from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements.

•We have identified conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

•We have incurred substantial losses, expect to continue to incur substantial losses for the foreseeable future and may never generate significant revenue or achieve or maintain profitability.

•We will require substantial additional capital, and if we are unable to raise capital when needed, we could be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate our drug development program or commercialization efforts.

•We depend heavily on the success of our lead clinical stage drug candidate emavusertib, for which we are conducting the TakeAim Leukemia Phase 1/2 and TakeAim Lymphoma Phase 1/2 studies and a Phase 1 clinical study of emavusertib in combination with azacitidine and venetoclax to treat acute myeloid leukemia, or AML. If we are unable to commercialize emauvsertib, or if we experience significant delays in doing so, our business will be materially harmed.

•We have never obtained marketing approval for a drug candidate and we may be unable to obtain, or may be delayed in obtaining, marketing approval for emavusertib or any future drug candidates that we, or any future collaborators, may develop.

•We may not be successful in establishing additional strategic collaborations, which could adversely affect our ability to develop and commercialize emavusertib.

•We rely in part on third parties to conduct clinical trials of emavusertib and if such third parties perform inadequately, including failing to meet deadlines for the completion of such trials, research or testing, then we may not be able to successfully develop and commercialize emavusertib and grow our business.

•Even if we complete the necessary preclinical studies and clinical trials, the marketing approval process is expensive, time consuming and uncertain and may prevent us or any future collaborators from obtaining approvals for the commercialization of emavusertib.

•We face substantial competition, and our competitors may discover, develop or commercialize drugs before or more successfully than we do.

•We may not be able to obtain and maintain patent protection for our technologies and drugs, our licensors may not be able to obtain and maintain patent protection for the technology or drugs that we license from them, and the patent protection we or they do obtain may not be sufficient to stop our competitors from using similar technology.

•The alleged events of default, or any future allegations of an event of default, under the Oberland Purchase Agreement could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and stock price, including our ability to continue as a going concern.

•If we are not able to attract and retain key management and scientific personnel and advisors, we may not successfully develop emavusertib or achieve our other business objectives.

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CURIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	29,956	$	26,681

Short-term investments	10,764		29,653
Accounts receivable	2,154		2,794
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,192		1,780
Total current assets	46,066		60,908

Property and equipment, net	370		434
Restricted cash, long-term	544		544
Operating lease right-of-use asset	2,704		3,056
Other assets	3,358		3,358
Goodwill	8,982		8,982

Total assets	$	62,024	$	77,282
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	3,628	$	3,172
Accrued liabilities	6,326		9,040
Current portion of operating lease liability	1,349		1,305

Total current liabilities	11,303		13,517
Long-term operating lease liability	1,137		1,489
Liability related to the sale of future royalties, net	40,122		42,606

Total liabilities	52,562		57,612
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value—5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value—22,781,250 shares authorized, 5,894,085 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	59		59
Additional paid-in capital	1,217,351		1,215,792
Accumulated deficit	(1,208,286)		(1,196,410)
Accumulated other comprehensive gain	338		229
Total stockholders’ equity	9,462		19,670
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	62,024	$	77,282

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CURIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023




Revenues, net	$	2,086	$	2,297
Operating expenses:
Cost of royalties	47		24
Research and development	9,617		9,140
General and administrative	4,891		4,760
Total operating expenses	14,555		13,924
Loss from operations	(12,469)		(11,627)
Other income:

Interest income	515		652
Income (expense) related to the sale of future royalties	78		(584)


Total other income	593		68
Net loss	$	(11,876)	$	(11,559)
Net loss per common share (basic and diluted)	$	(2.05)	$	(2.39)
Weighted average common shares (basic and diluted)	5,783,585		4,830,763

Net loss	$	(11,876)	$	(11,559)
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain on marketable securities	109		195
Comprehensive loss	$	(11,767)	$	(11,364)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CURIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount
December 31, 2023	5,894,085	$	59	$	1,215,792	$	(1,196,410)	$	229	$	19,670
Stock-based compensation	—	—		1,559		—		—		1,559


Unrealized gain on marketable securities	—	—		—		—		109		109
Net loss	—	—		—		(11,876)		—		(11,876)
March 31, 2024	5,894,085	$	59	$	1,217,351	$	(1,208,286)	$	338	$	9,462


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount
December 31, 2022	4,830,464	$	48	$	1,195,687	$	(1,148,997)	$	(186)	$	46,552
Stock-based compensation	—	—		1,395		—		—		1,395
Issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans	516	1		7		—		—		8
Unrealized gain on marketable securities	—	—		—		—		195		195
Net loss	—	—		—		(11,559)		—		(11,559)
March 31, 2023	4,830,980	$	49	$	1,197,089	$	(1,160,556)	$	9	$	36,591

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CURIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(11,876)	$	(11,559)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	64		64
Non-cash lease expense	354		324

Stock-based compensation expense	1,559		1,395

Non-cash activity related to the sale of future royalties	(78)		(77)
Amortization of premiums and discounts on investments	84		(145)




Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	640		661
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(1,413)		(610)

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(2,258)		(1,984)
Operating lease liability	(308)		(268)
Total adjustments	(1,356)		(640)
Net cash used in operating activities	(13,232)		(12,199)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of investments	(10,737)		(17,682)
Sales and maturities of investments	29,650		43,925

Net cash provided by investing activities	18,913		26,243
Cash flows from financing activities:








Proceeds from issuance of common stock	—		7
Payment of liability of future royalties, net of imputed interest	(2,406)		(2,013)


Net cash used by financing activities	(2,406)		(2,006)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	3,275		12,038
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	27,225		20,293
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	30,500	$	32,331
Supplemental cash flow data:


Cash paid for interest	$	—	$	661

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CURIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

1. Nature of Business

Curis, Inc. is a biotechnology company focused on the development of emavusertib (CA-4948), an orally available, small molecule inhibitor of Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase, or IRAK4. Throughout these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Curis, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company” or “Curis”.

The Company is party to a collaboration agreement with Genentech Inc. (“Genentech”), a member of the Roche Group, under which Genentech and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (“Roche”) are commercializing Erivedge® (vismodegib), a first-in-class orally administered small molecule Hedgehog signaling pathway antagonist. Erivedge is approved for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma (“BCC”).

The Company is party to an exclusive collaboration agreement with Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited (“Aurigene”) for the discovery, development and commercialization of small molecule compounds in the areas of immuno-oncology and precision oncology, including emavusertib.

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology industry as well as risks that are specific to the Company’s business, including, but not limited to: the Company’s ability to obtain adequate financing to fund its operations; the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern; the Company’s ability to advance and expand its research and development program for emavusertib; the Company’s ability to execute on its overall business strategies; the Company’s ability to obtain and maintain necessary intellectual property protection; development by the Company’s competitors of new or better technological innovations; the Company’s ability to comply with regulatory requirements; the Company’s ability to obtain and maintain applicable regulatory approvals and commercialize any approved drug candidates; and the ability of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Curis Royalty, LLC (“Curis Royalty”), to satisfy the terms of the royalty interest purchase agreement (the “Oberland Purchase Agreement”) with entities managed by Oberland Capital Management, LLC (the “Purchasers”), and Lind SA LLC (the “Agent”), as collateral agent for the Purchasers.

The Company’s future operating results will largely depend on the progress of emavusertib and the magnitude of payments that it may receive and make under its current and potential future collaborations. The results of the Company’s operations have varied and will likely continue to vary significantly from year to year and quarter to quarter and depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to the timing, outcome and cost of the Company’s preclinical studies and clinical trials for its drug candidate.

The Company will require substantial funds to maintain its research and development programs and support operations. The Company has incurred losses and cash outflows from operations since its inception. The Company had an accumulated deficit of $1.2 billion as of March 31, 2024, and incurred a net loss of $11.9 million and used $13.2 million of cash in operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company expects to continue to generate operating losses in the foreseeable future.

In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), the Company has concluded there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are issued. Based on the Company's $40.7 million of existing cash, cash equivalents and investments at March 31, 2024, recurring losses and cash outflows from operations since inception, an expectation of continuing losses and cash outflows from operations for the foreseeable future and the need to raise additional capital to finance the Company's future operations, the Company concluded it does not have sufficient cash on hand to support current operations within the next 12 months from the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These factors raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company plans to seek additional funding through a number of potential avenues, including private or public equity financings, collaborations, or other strategic transactions as needed. The Company may not be able to obtain funding on acceptable terms, or at all. The terms of any financing may adversely affect the holdings or the rights of the Company’s stockholders. The Company’s ability to raise additional funds will depend, among other factors, on financial, economic and market conditions, many of which are outside of its control and it may be unable to raise financing when needed, or on terms favorable to the Company. If necessary funds are not available, the Company will have to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate its development of emavusertib, potentially delaying the time to market for or preventing the marketing of emavusertib, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations and future prospects.

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2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a)Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These statements, however, are condensed and do not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 8, 2024.

In the opinion of the management of the Company, the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (all of which were considered normal and recurring) necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position at March 31, 2024; the results of operations for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023; stockholders' equity for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023; and the cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2023 was derived from audited annual financial statements but does not contain all of the footnote disclosures from the annual financial statements.

In accordance with FASB ASU No. 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), the Company has concluded there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are issued.

On September 28, 2023, the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of its common stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”). All references to shares of common stock outstanding, average number of shares outstanding and per share amounts in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been restated to reflect the Reverse Stock Split on a retroactive basis.

(b)Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosure of revenue, expenses and certain assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date. Such estimates include the performance obligations under the Company’s collaboration agreements; the collectability of receivables; and the value of certain investments and liabilities. Actual results may differ from such estimates. These interim results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for a full year or subsequent interim periods.

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. All other investments are marketable securities.

The Company classified $0.5 million of its cash as restricted cash as of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. These amounts represent the security deposit associated with the Company’s Lexington, Massachusetts headquarters.

The Company’s short-term investments are marketable debt securities with original maturities of greater than three months from the date of purchase, but less than twelve months from the balance sheet date. Marketable securities consist of commercial paper, corporate bonds and notes, and/or government obligations. All of the Company’s investments have been designated available-for-sale and are stated at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on investments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses, dividends and interest income are included in other income (expense) in the period during which the securities are sold. Any premium or discount arising at purchase is amortized and/or accreted to interest income.

(d)Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at contract inception. The Company made an accounting policy election to not recognize leases with an initial term of 12 months or less within its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and to recognize those lease payments on a straight-line basis in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss over the lease term. Operating lease assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based upon the present value of lease payments over the lease term. When determining the lease term, the Company includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.

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As the Company’s lease does not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate, which is based on rates that would be incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a term equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment, in determining the present value of lease payments.

The lease payment used to determine the operating lease asset may include lease incentives, stated rent increases and was recognized as an operating lease right-of-use asset in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company’s lease agreements may include both lease and non-lease components, which may be accounted for as a single lease component when the payments are fixed. Variable payments included in the lease agreement are expensed as incurred.

The Company’s operating lease is reflected in operating lease right-of-use asset and operating lease liability in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

(e)Other Assets

Other assets consist of long-term prepayments and deposits.

(f)Revenue Recognition

The Company applies the revenue recognition guidance in accordance with FASB Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

The Company recognizes royalty revenues related to Genentech’s and Roche’s sales of Erivedge. For arrangements that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on the level of sales, and where the license is deemed to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company recognizes revenue at the later of (i) when the related sales occur, or (ii) when the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied). The Company expects to continue recognizing royalty revenue from Genentech’s sales of Erivedge in the U.S. and Roche's sales of Erivedge outside of the U.S. (see Note 8, Research and Development Collaborations). However, a significant portion of Erivedge royalties will be paid to the Purchasers pursuant to the Oberland Purchase Agreement (see Note 7, Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties).

(g)Segment Reporting

The Company has determined that it operates in a single reportable segment, which is the research and development of innovative drug candidates for the treatment of human cancer.

(h)New Accounting Pronouncements

Issued, Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which provides updates to qualitative and quantitative reportable segment disclosure requirements, including enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and increased interim disclosure requirements, among others. ASU No. 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted, and the amendments should be applied retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the ASU on the Consolidated Financial Statement disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation, and modifies other income tax-related disclosures. ASU No. 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and allows for adoption on a prospective basis, with a retrospective option. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the ASU on the income tax disclosures within the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In March 2024, the SEC approved a rule that will require registrants to provide certain climate-related information in their registration statements and annual reports. The rule requires information about a registrant's climate-related risks that are reasonably likely to have a material impact on its business, results of operations, or financial condition. The required information about climate-related risks also includes disclosure of a registrant's greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the rules will require registrants to present certain climate-related financial metrics in their audited financial statements. On April 4, 2024, the SEC voluntarily stayed implementation of this new rule pending judicial review. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of this rule on the Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

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3. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company applies the provisions of FASB Codification 820, Fair Value Measurements (“ASC 820”) for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value each reporting period and the non-financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. ASC 820 establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. Financial assets and liabilities are categorized within the valuation hierarchy based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement of fair value. The three levels of the hierarchy are defined as follows:


Level 1			Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2			Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3			Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

In accordance with the fair value hierarchy, the following tables show the fair value as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of those financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, according to the valuation techniques the Company used to determine their fair value.


(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Fair Value
As of March 31, 2024:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	19,778	$	—	$	—	$	19,778
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		7,205		—		7,205
Short-term investments:

U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		10,764		—		10,764


Total	$	19,778	$	17,969	$	—	$	37,747


(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Fair Value
As of December 31, 2023:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	16,780	$	—	$	—	$	16,780
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		4,735		—		4,735
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	—		2,021		—		2,021
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	—		12,996		—		12,996
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		16,657		—		16,657



Total	$	16,780	$	36,409	$	—	$	53,189

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4. Investments

The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investments available-for-sale as of March 31, 2024 are as follows:


(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gain		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Short-term investments:

U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	10,764		—		—		10,764

Total investments	$	10,764	$	—	$	—	$	10,764

The weighted average remaining maturity of short-term investments was 0.5 years at March 31, 2024.

The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investments available-for-sale as of December 31, 2023 are as follows:


(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gain		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	$	12,999	$	—	$	(3)	$	12,996
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	16,655		3		(1)		16,657



Total investments	$	29,654	$	3	$	(4)	$	29,653

The weighted average maturity of short-term investments was 0.2 years at December 31, 2023.

No credit losses on available-for-sale securities were recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023. In its evaluation to determine expected credit losses, management considered all available historical and current information, expectations of future economic conditions, the type of security, the credit rating of the security, and the size of the loss position, as well as other relevant information. The Company does not intend to sell, and is unlikely to be required to sell, any of these available-for-sale investments before their effective maturity or market price recovery.

As of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company held no investments that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer.

5. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Employee related costs	$	1,532	$	3,701
Research and development costs	3,523		4,163
Professional and legal fees	1,216		1,059


Other	55		117
Total	$	6,326	$	9,040

6. Lease

The Company has a single lease for real estate, including laboratory and office space, and certain equipment, in Lexington, Massachusetts which commenced on May 1, 2020. A portion of the Company’s leased space is subject to an early termination option that becomes effective on the lease commencement date of a new lease for larger premises within the landlord’s commercial real estate portfolio (“New Lease”). The landlord has the option to early terminate the lease agreement by providing written notice to the Company eighteen months prior to December 31, 2025, or by June 30, 2024. The Company expects the lease to end as of December 31, 2025.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had an operating lease liability of $2.5 million and related right-of-use asset of $2.7 million related to its operating lease. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had an operating lease liability of $2.8 million and related right-of-use asset of $3.1 million related to its operating lease.

The Company recorded lease cost of $0.4 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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The Company paid $0.4 million in rent during each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The discount rate associated with the Company’s right-of-use asset is 10%.

7. Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties

In March 2019, the Company and Curis Royalty entered into the royalty interest purchase agreement (“Oberland Purchase Agreement”) with TPC Investments I LP and TPC Investments II LP (the "Purchasers"), each of which is a Delaware limited partnership managed by Oberland Capital Management, LLC, and Lind SA LLC ("Agent"), a Delaware limited liability company managed by Oberland Capital Management, LLC, as collateral agent for the Purchasers. The Company sold to the Purchasers a portion of its rights to receive royalties from Genentech on potential net sales of Erivedge.

As upfront consideration for the purchase of the royalty rights, the Purchasers paid to Curis Royalty $65.0 million less certain transaction expenses. Curis Royalty will also be entitled to receive up to $53.5 million in milestone payments based on sales of Erivedge if the Purchasers receive payments pursuant to the Oberland Purchase Agreement in excess of $117.0 million on or prior to December 31, 2026.

The Oberland Purchase Agreement provides that after the occurrence of an event of default as defined under the security agreement by Curis Royalty, the Purchasers shall have the option, for a period of 180 days, to require Curis Royalty to repurchase a portion of certain royalty and royalty related payments, excluding a portion of non-U.S. royalties retained by Curis Royalty (referred to as the “Purchased Receivables”), at a price (referred to as the “Put/Call Price”), equal to 250% of the sum of the upfront purchase price and any portion of the milestone payments paid in a lump sum by the Purchasers, if any, minus certain payments previously received by the Purchasers with respect to the Purchased Receivables. The Company concluded that this put option is an embedded derivative that requires bifurcation from the deferred royalty obligation and evaluates the fair value of the put option each reporting period. The estimated fair value of the put option is immaterial as of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Additionally, Curis Royalty shall have the option at any time to repurchase the Purchased Receivables at the Put/Call Price as of the date of such repurchase. No events of default occurred as of March 31, 2024.

As a result of the obligation to pay future royalties to the Purchasers, the Company recorded the proceeds as a liability on its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. It accounts for the liability and interest expense using the interest method over the expected life of the Oberland Purchase Agreement. As a result, the Company imputes interest on the transaction and records imputed interest expense at the estimated interest rate. The Company’s estimate of the interest rate under the Oberland Purchase Agreement is based on the amount of royalty payments expected to be received by the Purchasers over the life of the Oberland Purchase Agreement. The projected amount of royalty payments expected to be paid to the Purchasers involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions with respect to the revenue growth rate in the Company’s projections of sales of Erivedge. The Company periodically assesses the expected royalty payments to Curis Royalty from Genentech using a combination of historical results and forecasts from market data sources. To the extent such payments are greater or less than the current estimates or the timing of such payments is materially different than the original estimates, the Company prospectively adjusts the amortization of the liability.

The Company determined the fair value of the liability related to the sale of future royalties at the time of the Oberland Purchase Agreement to be $65.0 million, with a current effective annual imputed interest rate of zero. The Company incurred $0.6 million of transaction costs in connection with the Oberland Purchase Agreement. These transaction costs will be amortized to imputed interest expense over the estimated term of the Oberland Purchase Agreement. The carrying value of the liability related to the sale of future royalties approximates fair value as of March 31, 2024 and is based on the Company’s current estimates of future royalties expected to be paid to the Purchasers over the life of the arrangement, which are considered Level 3 inputs.

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The following table shows the activity with respect to the liability related to the sale of future royalties during the three months ended March 31, 2024.


(in thousands)
Carrying value of liability related to the sale of future royalties at January 1, 2024	$	42,606

Other	(78)
Less: payments to the Purchasers	(2,406)
Carrying value of liability related to the sale of future royalties at March 31, 2024	$	40,122

In March 2023, Curis and Curis Royalty received a letter from counsel to Oberland Capital Management, LLC, the Purchasers and the Agent alleging certain defaults of the Oberland Purchase Agreement and demanding cure of one of the asserted defaults. The Purchasers have not attempted to exercise the put option. Curis and Curis Royalty dispute these allegations. If Oberland elects to pursue these claims, and if Curis and Curis Royalty are unsuccessful in defending against these claims, it could have a material adverse impact on Curis and Curis Royalty, including their ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has not received any further communication on this topic from counsel to Oberland Capital Management, LLC, the Purchasers or the Agent since the March 2023 letter. As of March 31, 2024, the estimated amount of the Put/Call Price is $50.9 million.

8. Research and Development Collaborations

(a)Genentech

In June 2003, the Company licensed its proprietary Hedgehog pathway antagonist technologies to Genentech for human therapeutic use. The primary focus of the collaboration is Erivedge, which is being commercialized by Genentech in the U.S. and by Genentech’s parent company, Roche, outside of the U.S. for the treatment of advanced BCC.

Pursuant to the collaboration agreement, the Company is entitled to a royalty on net sales of Erivedge that ranges from 5% to 7.5%. The royalty rate applicable to Erivedge may be decreased by 2% on a country-by-country basis in certain specified circumstances. Cost of royalties comprises payments to university licensors and was not material for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

The Company has account receivables from Genentech under this collaboration of $2.1 million and $2.7 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, in its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As previously discussed in Note 7, Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties, a significant portion of royalty revenues received from Genentech on net sales of Erivedge will be paid to the Purchasers pursuant to the Oberland Purchase Agreement.

(b)Aurigene

The Company is party to an exclusive collaboration agreement with Aurigene for the discovery, development and commercialization of small molecule compounds in the areas of immuno-oncology and selected precision oncology targets. Under the collaboration agreement, Aurigene granted the Company an option to obtain exclusive, royalty-bearing licenses to relevant Aurigene technology to develop, manufacture and commercialize products containing certain of such compounds anywhere in the world, except for India and Russia, which are territories retained by Aurigene. Additionally, Aurigene retains the rights to develop and commercialize CA-170 in Asia, and the Company is entitled to receive royalty payments on potential future sales of CA-170 in Asia at percentage rates ranging from the high single digits up to 10%, subject to specified reductions.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company has exercised its option to license the following four programs under the collaboration:

1.IRAK4 Program - a precision oncology program of small molecule inhibitors of IRAK4. The development candidate is emavusertib.

2.PD1/VISTA Program - an immuno-oncology program of small molecule antagonists of PD1 and VISTA immune checkpoint pathways. The development candidate is CA-170.

3.PD1/TIM3 Program - an immuno-oncology program of small molecule antagonists of PD1 and TIM3 immune checkpoint pathways. The development candidate is CA-327.

4.An immuno-oncology program.

For each of the licensed programs (as described above) the Company is obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize at least one product in each of the U.S., specified countries in the European Union and Japan, and Aurigene is obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to perform its obligations under the development plan for such licensed program in an expeditious manner.

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For each of the IRAK4, PD1/VISTA, PD1/TIM3 programs, and the immuno-oncology program, the Company has remaining unpaid or unwaived payment obligations of $42.5 million per program, related to regulatory approval and commercial sales milestones, plus specified additional payments for approvals for additional indications, if any.

9. Common Stock

Sales Agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC

In March 2021, the Company entered into a sales agreement (the “2021 Sales Agreement”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (“Cantor”) and JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC (“JonesTrading”). In February 2024, the Company entered into an amended and restated sales agreement with Cantor and JonesTrading (the “2024 Sales Agreement”), which supersedes the 2021 Sales Agreement. Pursuant to the 2024 Sales Agreement, the Company can sell from time to time shares of the Company’s common stock through an “at-the-market offering” program under which Cantor and JonesTrading act as sales agents. Subject to the terms and conditions of the 2024 Sales Agreement, Cantor and JonesTrading can sell the common stock by any method deemed to be an “at-the-market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act.

Pursuant to the terms of the 2024 Sales Agreement, the aggregate compensation payable to each of Cantor and JonesTrading is 3% of the gross proceeds from sales of the common stock sold by Cantor or JonesTrading, as applicable. The Company did not sell any shares of common stock under the 2024 Sales Agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, $100.0 million of shares of common stock remained available for sale under the 2024 Sales Agreement.

10. Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had two stockholder-approved, stock-based compensation plans: (i) the Fourth Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (“2010 Plan”) and (ii) the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). New employees are generally issued options as an inducement equity award under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4) outside of the 2010 Plan (“Inducement Awards”).

The Fourth Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan

The 2010 Plan permits the granting of incentive and non-qualified stock options and stock awards to employees, officers, directors, and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries at prices determined by the Company’s board of directors. The Company can issue up to 1,159,500 shares of its common stock pursuant to awards granted under the 2010 Plan. Options vest and become exercisable based on a schedule determined by the board of directors and expire up to ten years from the date of grant. The 2010 Plan uses a “fungible share” concept under which each share of stock subject to awards granted as options and stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) will cause one share per share under the award to be removed from the available share pool, while each share of stock subject to awards granted as restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards or performance awards where the price charged for the award is less than 100% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock will cause 1.3 shares per share under the award to be removed from the available share pool. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has only granted options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock with an exercise price equal to the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on the grant date and issued restricted stock awards ("RSAs") at no cost to Company employees, excluding officers. As of March 31, 2024, 14,902 shares remained available for grant under the 2010 Plan.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company’s board of directors granted options to purchase 277,970 shares of the Company’s common stock to the employees of the Company under the 2010 Plan, excluding officers. These options vest and become exercisable as to 25% of the shares underlying the award after the first year and as to an additional 6.25% of the shares underlying the award in each subsequent quarter, based upon continued employment over a four year period, and are exercisable at a price equal to the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.

In January 2024, the Company's board of directors approved the grant of options to its executive officers and non-employee directors to purchase 200,950 shares of common stock. These stock option grants were approved subject to and contingent upon approval by the Company's stockholders of the Fifth Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan. The shareholders will vote on the proposal for the adoption of the Fifth Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan at the annual meeting of stockholders scheduled for May 21, 2024.

Inducement Awards

The Company grants Inducement Awards to certain new employees. These options generally vest as to 25% of the shares underlying the option on the first anniversary of the grant date, and as to an additional 6.25% of the shares underlying the option on each successive quarter thereafter. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company’s board of directors

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granted Inducement Awards to purchase 5,800 shares of common stock. These options are granted at an exercise price that equals the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.

Stock Options

A summary of stock option activity under the 2010 Plan and Inducement Awards are summarized as follows:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2023	840,880	$	47.58	7.16
Granted	283,770	11.64
Exercised	—	—
Canceled/Forfeited	(12,262)	78.49
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	1,112,388	$	38.07	7.66	$	17
Exercisable at March 31, 2024	538,662	$	55.19	6.08	$	—
Vested and unvested expected to vest at March 31, 2024	1,112,388	$	38.07	7.66	$	17

The weighted average grant date fair values of the stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were $10.01 and $11.80, respectively, and were calculated using the following estimated assumptions under the Black-Scholes option pricing model:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected term (years)	6	5.5


Risk free interest rate	3.9% - 4.1%	3.6%
Expected volatility	115% - 116%	115% - 116%
Expected dividends	None	None

As of March 31, 2024, there was $9.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested employee stock option awards outstanding, which is expected to be recognized as expense over a weighted average period of 2.97 years. There were no employee stock options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The intrinsic value of employee stock options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was not material.

Restricted Stock Awards

The following table presents a summary of unvested RSAs under the 2010 Plan as of March 31, 2024:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, December 31, 2023	110,500	$	18.20
Awarded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Unvested, March 31, 2024	110,500	$	18.20

As of March 31, 2024, there were 110,500 shares outstanding underlying RSAs that are expected to vest. As of March 31, 2024, there was $1.1 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to RSAs, which are expected to be recognized as expense over a remaining weighted average period of 1.11 years.

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Amended and Restated 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company has reserved 100,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the ESPP. Eligible employees may purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at 85% of the lower closing market price of the common stock at the beginning of the enrollment period or ending date of the purchase period within a two-year enrollment period, as defined. The Company has four six-month purchase periods per each two-year enrollment period. If, within any one of the four purchase periods in an enrollment period, the purchase period ending stock price is lower than the stock price at the beginning of the enrollment period, the two-year enrollment resets at the new lower stock price. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, no shares were issued under the ESPP. As of March 31, 2024, there were 26,631 shares available for future purchase under the ESPP.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense to the following line items in its costs and expenses section of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Research and development expenses	$	809	$	629
General and administrative expenses	750		766
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	1,559	$	1,395

11. Loss Per Common Share

Basic and diluted loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, because the effect of adjusting the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period for the potential dilutive effect of common stock equivalents would be antidilutive due to the Company’s net loss position for these periods. Antidilutive securities consist of stock options outstanding of 1,112,388 and 875,034 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and unvested RSAs of 110,500 as of March 31, 2024.

Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this report. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis and set forth elsewhere in this report, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements, based on current expectations and related to future events and our future financial and operational performance, that involve risks and uncertainties. You should review the discussion above under the heading “Risk Factor Summary” and the risk factors detailed further in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and, if applicable, those included under Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. As used throughout this report, the terms “the Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to the business of Curis, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, except where the context otherwise requires, and the term “Curis” refers to Curis, Inc.

Overview

Emavusertib

We are a biotechnology company focused on the development of emavusertib (CA-4948), an orally available, small molecule inhibitor of Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase, or IRAK4. IRAK4 plays an essential role in the toll-like receptor, or TLR, and interleukin-1 receptor, or IL-1R, signaling pathways, which are frequently dysregulated in patients with cancer. TLRs and the IL-1R family signal through the adaptor protein Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response Protein 88, which results in the assembly and activation of IRAK4, initiating a signaling cascade that induces cytokine and survival factor expression mediated by the NF-κB protein complex. Preclinical studies targeting IRAK4 in combination with FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3, or FLT3, have demonstrated the ability to overcome the adaptive resistance incurred when targeting FLT3

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alone. Further, emavusertib has shown anti-tumor activity across a broad range of hematologic malignancies including monotherapy activity in patient-derived xenografts and synergy with both azacitidine and venetoclax.

TakeAim Leukemia

Emavusertib is currently undergoing testing in a Phase 1/2 open-label, single arm expansion trial in patients with relapsed or refractory, or R/R, AML and high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes, or hrMDS, also known as the TakeAim Leukemia Phase 1/2 study. In January and December 2022, and July and December 2023, we presented clinical data for patients from the ongoing TakeAim Leukemia Phase 1/2 study.

TakeAim Lymphoma

In addition to the TakeAim Leukemia Phase 1/2 study, we are testing emavusertib in combination with ibrutinib in a Phase 1/2 open-label, single arm expansion trial in patients with R/R primary central nervous system lymphoma, or PCNSL, also known as the TakeAim Lymphoma Phase 1/2 study. In June 2022 and December 2023, we provided preliminary clinical data for patients with various hematological malignancies in the combination portion of the ongoing TakeAim Lymphoma Phase 1/2 study. In December 2023, we provided clinical and safety data of emavusertib in combination with ibrutinib in several non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes including PCNSL patients.

AML Triplet Study

We have initiated a Phase 1 clinical study of emavusertib as an add-on agent to the combination of azacitidine and venetoclax to treat patients with AML, which we refer to as the AML Triplet study. The AML Triplet study is currently being conducted in Spain, Germany, and Italy.

Our Collaborations and License Agreements

We are party to a collaboration agreement with Genentech Inc., or Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, under which Genentech and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, or Roche, are commercializing Erivedge® (vismodegib), a first-in-class orally administered small molecule Hedgehog signaling pathway antagonist. Erivedge is approved for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma.

In January 2015, we entered into an exclusive collaboration agreement with Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited, or Aurigene, which was amended in September 2016 and February 2020, for the discovery, development and commercialization of small molecule compounds in the areas of immuno-oncology and precision oncology. As of March 31, 2024, we have licensed four programs under the Aurigene collaboration, including emavusertib.

Liquidity

Since our inception, we have funded our operations primarily through private and public placements of our equity securities, license fees, contingent cash payments, royalties and research and development funding from our corporate collaborators, and the monetization of certain royalty rights. We have never been profitable on an annual basis and had an accumulated deficit of $1.2 billion as of March 31, 2024. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we incurred a net loss of $11.9 million and used $13.2 million of cash in operations.

We expect to continue to generate operating losses in the foreseeable future. Based upon our current operating plan, we believe that our $40.7 million of existing cash, cash equivalents and investments at March 31, 2024 should enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into 2025. We have based this assessment on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect. Our current cash, cash equivalents, and investments, are not expected to fund our operations beyond 12 months from the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Funding Requirements” below and Note 1, Nature of Business, in the accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a further discussion of our liquidity and the conditions and events that raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern.

We will need to generate significant revenues to achieve profitability, and do not expect to achieve profitability in the foreseeable future, if at all. We will require additional funding to fund the development of emavusertib through regulatory approval and commercialization, and to support our continued operations. We will need to seek additional funding through a number of potential avenues, including private or public equity financings, collaborations, or other strategic transactions as needed. If sufficient funds are not available, we will have to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate our research and development program for emavusertib, including related clinical trials and operating expenses, potentially delaying the time to market for or preventing the marketing of emavusertib, which could adversely affect our business prospects and our ability to continue our operations, and would have a negative impact on our financial condition and ability to pursue our business strategies. In addition, we may seek to engage in one or more strategic alternatives, such as a strategic partnership with one or

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more parties, the licensing, sale or divestiture of some of our assets or proprietary technologies or the sale of our company, but there can be no assurance that we would be able to enter into such a transaction or transactions on a timely basis or on terms favorable to us, or at all.

Key Drivers

We believe that near term key drivers to our success will include:

•our ability to focus and successfully plan and execute current and planned clinical trials for emavusertib, and for such clinical trials to generate favorable data;

•our ability to raise additional financing, when required, to fund operations; and/or

•our ability to collaborate or license emavusertib and to successfully develop and commercialize emavusertib.

Our Collaborations and License Agreements

For information regarding our collaboration and license agreements, refer to Note 8, Research and Development Collaborations, in the accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 10, Research and Development Collaborations, in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on February 8, 2024.

Financial Operations Overview

General. Our future operating results will largely depend on the progress of emavusertib. The results of our operations will vary significantly from year to year and quarter to quarter and depend on, among other factors, the cost and outcome of any preclinical development or clinical trials then being conducted. For a discussion of our liquidity and funding requirements, see “Liquidity” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Funding Requirements”.

Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties. In March 2019, we and our wholly owned subsidiary, Curis Royalty LLC, or Curis Royalty, entered into the royalty interest purchase agreement, or the Oberland Purchase Agreement, with entities managed by Oberland Capital Management, LLC, or the Purchasers and Lind SA LLC, as collateral agent for the Purchasers, or Agent. Upon closing of the Oberland Purchase Agreement, Curis Royalty received proceeds of $65.0 million, less certain transaction costs, from the Purchasers. Curis Royalty will also be entitled to receive milestone payments of $53.5 million if the Purchasers receive payments pursuant to the Oberland Purchase Agreement in excess of $117.0 million on or prior to December 31, 2026, which milestone payments may each be paid, at the option of the Purchasers, in a lump sum in cash or out of the Purchaser’s portion of future payments under the Oberland Purchase Agreement.

The Oberland Purchase Agreement has default provisions, that if triggered, Curis Royalty would be required to repurchase 250% of the difference of the sum of proceeds received under the Oberland Purchase Agreement less certain payments previously received by the Purchasers with respect to the Purchased Receivables (“Put/Call Price"). In March 2023, we and Curis Royalty received a letter from counsel to Oberland Capital Management, LLC, the Purchasers and the Agent, alleging certain defaults of the Oberland Purchase Agreement and demanding cure of one of the asserted defaults. Purchasers have not attempted to exercise the put option. We and Curis Royalty dispute these allegations. However, if Oberland elects to pursue these claims, and if we and Curis Royalty are unsuccessful in defending against these claims, it could have a material adverse impact on us and Curis Royalty, including the ability of us and Curis Royalty to continue as a going concern. We have not received any further communication on this topic from counsel to Oberland Capital Management, LLC, the Purchasers or the Agent since the March 2023 letter. As of March 31, 2024, the estimated amount of the Put/Call Price is $50.9 million.

For a discussion of the Oberland Purchase Agreement, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Royalty Interest Purchase Agreement”. A further discussion of risks related to the letter from counsel to Oberland Capital Management, LLC, the Purchasers and the Agent, is set forth under Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Revenue. We do not expect to generate any revenues from our direct sale of products for several years, if ever. Substantially all of our revenues to date have been derived from license fees, research and development payments, and other amounts that we have received from our strategic collaborators and licensees, including royalty payments. We recognize royalty revenues related to Genentech’s sales of Erivedge and we expect to continue to recognize royalty revenue in future quarters from Genentech’s sales of Erivedge in the U.S. and Roche’s sales of Erivedge outside of the U.S. However, a significant portion of our royalty and royalty-related revenues under our collaboration with Genentech will be paid to the Purchasers,

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pursuant to the Oberland Purchase Agreement. The Oberland Purchase Agreement will terminate upon the earlier to occur of (i) the date on which Curis Royalty’s rights to receive the Purchased Receivables owed by Genentech under the Genentech collaboration agreement have terminated in their entirety or (ii) the date on which payment in full of the Put/Call Price is received by the Purchasers pursuant to the Purchasers’ exercise of their put option or Curis Royalty’s exercise of its call right. For additional information regarding the provisions of the Oberland Purchase Agreement, see Note 7, Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties, in the accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

We could receive additional milestone payments from Genentech, provided that contractually specified development and regulatory objectives are met. Also, we could receive milestone payments from the Purchasers, provided that contractually specified royalty payment amounts are met within applicable time periods. Our only source of revenues and/or cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future will be royalty payments that are contingent upon the continued commercialization of Erivedge under our collaboration with Genentech, and contingent cash payments for the achievement of clinical, development and regulatory objectives, if any, that are met, under our collaboration with Genentech. Our receipt of additional payments under our collaboration with Genentech cannot be assured, nor can we predict the timing of any such payments, as the case may be.

Research and Development. Research and development expense primarily consists of costs incurred to develop emavusertib. These expenses consist primarily of:

•salaries and related expenses for personnel, including stock-based compensation expense;

•costs of conducting clinical trials, including amounts paid to clinical centers, clinical research organizations and consultants, among others;

•other outside service costs, including regulatory costs and costs for contract manufacturing;

•the cost of companion drugs;

•facility costs; and

•certain payments that we make to Aurigene under our collaboration agreement, including, for example, milestone payments.

We expense research and development costs as incurred.

Research and development activities are central to our business model. Drug candidates in later stages of clinical development generally have higher development costs than those in earlier stages, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical trials. As a result, we expect that our research and development expenses will increase substantially over the next several years as we conduct larger clinical trials of emavusertib; prepare regulatory filings for emavusertib; continue to develop additional drug candidates; and potentially advance our drug candidates into later stages of clinical development.

The successful development and commercialization of emavusertib is highly uncertain. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate or know the nature, timing and costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the preclinical and clinical development of emavusertib. This uncertainty is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with product development and commercialization, including the uncertainty of:

•our ability to successfully enroll our current and future clinical trials and our ability to initiate future clinical trials;

•the scope, quality of data, rate of progress and cost of clinical trials and other research and development activities undertaken by us or our collaborators;

•the cost and timing of regulatory approvals and maintaining compliance with regulatory requirements;

•the results of future preclinical studies and clinical trials;

•the cost of establishing clinical and commercial supplies of emavusertib and any products that we may develop;

•the cost and timing of establishing sales, marketing and distribution capabilities;

•our ability to become and remain profitable, which requires that we, either alone or with collaborators, must develop and eventually commercialize emavusertib with significant market potential and successfully launch a product for commercial sale;

•the effect of competing technological and market developments; and

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•the cost and effectiveness of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights.

Any changes in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of emavusertib could mean a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of emavusertib. For example, if the FDA or another regulatory authority requests additional or unanticipated data for our clinical trials or requires us to conduct clinical trials or other testing beyond those that we currently expect, or if we experience significant delays in enrollment in any of our clinical trials, we could be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time to complete clinical development of that drug candidate. We may never obtain regulatory approval for emavusertib. If we do obtain regulatory approval for our drug candidate, drug commercialization will take several years and millions of dollars in development costs.

A further discussion of some of the risks and uncertainties associated with completing our research and development programs on schedule, or at all, and some consequences of failing to do so, are set forth under Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and, if applicable, those included under Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expense consists primarily of salaries and related expenses, including stock-based compensation expense for personnel in executive, finance, accounting, business development, legal, information technology, corporate communications and human resource functions. Other costs include facility costs not otherwise included in research and development expense, insurance, and professional fees for legal, patent and accounting services. Patent costs include certain patents covered under collaborations, a portion of which is reimbursed by collaborators and a portion of which is borne by us.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires that we make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosure of certain assets and liabilities at our balance sheet date. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe to be appropriate under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of certain liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, there were no material changes to our critical accounting estimates as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed with the SEC on February 8, 2024.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,				Percentage Increase (Decrease)
	2024		2023
	(in thousands)
Revenues, net:	$	2,086	$	2,297	(9)	%
Costs and expenses:
Cost of royalties	47		24		96	%
Research and development	9,617		9,140		5	%
General and administrative	4,891		4,760		3	%
Other income	593		68		772	%
Net loss	$	(11,876)	$	(11,559)	3	%

Revenues, net

Revenues, net decreased by $0.2 million, or 9%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was driven by decreased net sales of Erivedge during the current year period as compared to the same period in the prior year.

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Cost of Royalties

Cost of royalties is comprised of amounts due to third-party university patent licensors in connection with Genentech and Roche's net sales of Erivedge.

Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses are summarized as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,				Percentage Increase (Decrease)
	2024		2023
	(in thousands)
Direct research and development costs	$	4,937	$	4,796	3	%
Employee related costs	4,184		3,749		12	%

Facility related costs	496		595		(17)	%
Total research and development expenses	$	9,617	$	9,140	5	%

Research and development expenses increased by $0.5 million, or 5%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023. The increase was primarily attributable to higher employee related costs.

We expect that a majority of our research and development expenses for the foreseeable future will be incurred in connection with our efforts to advance emavusertib, including clinical and preclinical development costs, manufacturing, and payments to our collaborators and/or licensors.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses are summarized as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,				Percentage Increase (Decrease)
	2024		2023
	(in thousands)
Employee related costs	$	2,370	$	2,327	2	%


Professional, legal, and consulting services	1,617		1,502		8	%
Facility related costs	660		642		3	%
Insurance costs	244		289		(16)	%

Total general and administrative expenses	$	4,891	$	4,760	3	%

General and administrative expenses remained consistent for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Other Income

Other income increased for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared the same period in 2023. The increase was primarily attributable to a decrease in the non-cash expense related to the sale of future royalties.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have financed our operations primarily through private and public placements of our equity securities, license fees, contingent cash payments and research and development funding from our corporate collaborators, and the monetization of certain royalty rights. See “Funding Requirements” below and Note 1, Nature of Business, in the accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a further discussion of our liquidity and the conditions and events that raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern.

As of March 31, 2024, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of cash, cash equivalents and investments of $40.7 million, excluding restricted cash, long-term of $0.5 million. Our cash and cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at date of purchase. Our short-term investments primarily include U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. agency bonds, commercial paper and corporate debt securities. We maintain cash balances with financial institutions in excess of insured limits.

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Equity Offerings

In March 2021, we entered into a sales agreement, or the 2021 Sales Agreement, with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., or Cantor, and JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC, or JonesTrading. In February 2024, we entered into an amended and restated sales agreement, or the 2024 Sales Agreement, with Cantor and JonesTrading, to sell from time to time shares of our common stock through an “at-the-market offering” program under which Cantor and JonesTrading act as sales agents. The 2024 Sales Agreement superseded the 2021 Sales Agreement. To date, we have not sold any shares under the 2024 Sales Agreement.

Royalty Interest Purchase Agreement

In March 2019, we and Curis Royalty entered into the Oberland Purchase Agreement with the Purchasers and the Agent. We sold to the Purchasers a portion of our rights to receive royalties from Genentech on potential net sales of Erivedge.

As upfront consideration for the purchase of the royalty rights, at closing the Purchasers paid to Curis Royalty $65.0 million less certain transaction expenses. Curis Royalty will also be entitled to receive up to $53.5 million in milestone payments based on sales of Erivedge if the Purchasers receive payments pursuant to the Oberland Purchase Agreement in excess of $117.0 million on or prior to December 31, 2026. For further discussion please refer to Note 7, Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties, in the accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

The Oberland Purchase Agreement has default provisions, that if triggered, Curis Royalty would be required to repurchase 250% of the difference of the sum of proceeds received under the Oberland Purchase Agreement less certain payments previously received by the Purchasers with respect to the Purchased Receivables (“Put/Call Price"). In March 2023, we and Curis Royalty received a letter from counsel to Oberland Capital Management, LLC, alleging certain defaults of the Oberland Purchase Agreement and demanding cure of one of the asserted defaults. The Purchasers have not attempted to exercise that put option. We and Curis Royalty dispute these allegations. However, if Oberland elects to pursue these claims, and if we and Curis Royalty are unsuccessful in defending against these claims, it could have a material adverse impact on us and Curis Royalty, including the ability of us and Curis Royalty to continue as a going concern. We have not received any further communication on this topic from counsel to Oberland Capital Management, LLC, the Purchasers or the Agent since the March 2023 letter. As of March 31, 2024, the estimated amount of the Put/Call Price is $50.9 million.

A further discussion of risks related to the letter from counsel to Oberland Capital Management, LLC, the Purchasers and the Agent, is set forth under Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash flows from operating activities consist of our net loss adjusted for various non-cash items and changes in operating assets and liabilities. Cash used in operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $13.2 million and $12.2 million, respectively. Net cash used in operations increased by $1.0 million due to increased research and development costs and timing of payments.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash provided by investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $18.9 million and $26.2 million, respectively. Cash provided by investing activities during both periods was primarily due to investment activity from purchases and sales or maturities of investments for the respective periods.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $2.4 million and $2.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Cash used in financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was primarily due to payments related to the Oberland Purchase Agreement.

Funding Requirements

We have incurred significant losses since our inception. As of March 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $1.2 billion. We will require substantial funds to continue our research and development program and to fulfill our planned operating goals. Our planned operating and capital requirements currently include the support of our current and future research and development activities for emavusertib as well as development candidates we have and continue to license under our collaboration with Aurigene. We will require substantial additional capital to fund the further development of

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emavusertib, as well as to fund our general and administrative costs and expenses. Moreover, our agreements with collaborators impose significant potential financial obligations on us.

Based upon our current operating plan, we believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and investments of $40.7 million as of March 31, 2024, should enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into 2025. We have based this assessment on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect. Our current cash, cash equivalents, and investments, are not expected to fund our operations beyond 12 months from the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. See Note 1, Nature of Business, in the accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a further discussion of our liquidity and the conditions and events that raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. Our resources are focused on emavusertib. If we are unable to obtain sufficient funding, we will be forced to delay, reduce in scope or eliminate our research and development program for emavusertib, including related clinical trials and operating expenses, potentially delaying the time to market for, or preventing the marketing of, emavusertib, which could adversely affect our business prospects and our ability to continue operations, and would have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to pursue our business strategies. Our ability to raise additional funds will depend on financial, economic and market conditions, many of which are outside of our control, and we may be unable to raise financing when needed, or on terms favorable to us, or at all. In addition, we may seek to engage in one or more strategic alternatives, such as a strategic partnership with one or more parties, the licensing, sale or divestiture of some of our assets or proprietary technologies or the sale of our company, but there can be no assurance that we would be able to enter into such a transaction or transactions on a timely basis or on terms favorable to us, or at all. Our failure to raise capital through a financing or strategic alternative as and when needed would have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to pursue our business strategy. If we are unable to obtain sufficient capital, we would be unable to fund our operations and may be required to evaluate alternatives, which could include dissolving and liquidating our assets or seeking protection under the bankruptcy laws, and a determination to file for bankruptcy could occur at a time that is earlier than when we would otherwise exhaust our cash resources. If we decide to dissolve and liquidate our assets or to seek protection under the bankruptcy laws, it is unclear to what extent we would be able to pay our obligations, and, accordingly, it is further unclear whether and to what extent any resources would be available for distributions to stockholders.

Furthermore, there are a number of factors that may affect our future capital requirements and further accelerate our need for additional working capital, many of which are outside our control, including the following:

•unanticipated costs in our research and development programs;

•the timing and cost of obtaining regulatory approvals for emavusertib and maintaining compliance with regulatory requirements;

•payments due to licensors, including Aurigene, for patent rights and technology used in our drug development programs;

•the costs of commercialization activities for emavusertib if it receives marketing approval, to the extent such costs are our responsibility, including the costs and timing of establishing drug sales, marketing, distribution and manufacturing capabilities;

•unplanned costs to prepare, file, prosecute, defend and enforce patent claims and other patent-related costs, including litigation costs and technology license fees;

•unexpected losses in our cash investments or an inability to otherwise liquidate or access our cash investments due to unfavorable conditions in the capital markets, including volatility and instability in the capital markets; and

•our ability to continue as a going concern.

To become and remain profitable, we, either alone or with collaborators, must develop and eventually commercialize one or more drug candidates with significant market potential. This will require us to be successful in a range of challenging activities, including completing preclinical testing and clinical trials of our drug candidates, obtaining marketing approval for these drug candidates, manufacturing, marketing and selling those drugs for which we may obtain marketing approval and satisfying any post marketing requirements. We may never succeed in these activities and, even if we do, may never generate revenues that are significant or large enough to achieve profitability. While Erivedge is being commercialized by Genentech and Roche, emavusertib is currently only in early clinical testing.

For the foreseeable future, we will need to spend significant capital in an effort to develop and commercialize emavusertib and we expect to incur substantial operating losses. Our failure to become and remain profitable would, among other things, depress the market price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital, expand our business, diversify our research and development program or continue our operations.

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New Accounting Pronouncements

For detailed information regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements and the expected impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, see Note 2h, New Accounting Pronouncements, in the accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Contractual Obligations

There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations set forth under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Contractual Obligations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not required.

Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls & Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2024. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2024, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

We are subject to a number of risks that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and future prospects, including those identified in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed with the SEC on February 8, 2024.

Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Director and Officer Trading Arrangements

During the first quarter of 2024, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K).

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Item 6. EXHIBITS


Exhibit Number			Description
10.1			Amended and Restated Sales Agreement by and among Curis, Inc., Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC dated February 8, 202 4 (as incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed on February 8, 2024)




31.1 *			Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act
31.2 *			Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act
32.1 *			Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
32.2 *			Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

101.INS *			InLine XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH *			InLine XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL *			InLine XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF *			InLine XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB *			InLine XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE *			InLine XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104			Cover Page Interactive Data File

* Filed herewith

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		CURIS, INC.

Dated:	May 7, 2024	By:	/S/ JAMES E. DENTZER
			James E. Dentzer
			President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)


		CURIS, INC.

		By:	/S/ DIANTHA DUVALL
			Diantha Duvall
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT

I, James E. Dentzer, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Curis, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date:	May 7, 2024	/S/ JAMES E. DENTZER
		James E. Dentzer
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT

I, Diantha Duvall, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Curis, Inc.;

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date:	May 7, 2024	/S/ DIANTHA DUVALL
		Diantha Duvall
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(b) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT AND 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Curis, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended March 31, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, James E. Dentzer, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


Date:	May 7, 2024	/S/ JAMES E. DENTZER
		James E. Dentzer
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(b) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT AND 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Curis, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended March 31, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, Diantha Duvall, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


Date:	May 7, 2024	/S/ DIANTHA DUVALL
		Diantha Duvall
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Apr. 30, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	000-30347
Entity Registrant Name	CURIS, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	04-3505116
Entity Address, Address Line One	128 Spring Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Building C - Suite 500
Entity Address, City or Town	Lexington
Entity Address, State or Province	MA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	02421
City Area Code	617
Local Phone Number	503-6500
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 per share
Trading Symbol	CRIS
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		5,894,085
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Central Index Key	0001108205
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 29,956	$ 26,681
Short-term investments	10,764	29,653
Accounts receivable	2,154	2,794
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,192	1,780
Total current assets	46,066	60,908
Property and equipment, net	370	434
Restricted cash, long-term	544	544
Operating lease right-of-use asset	2,704	3,056
Other assets	3,358	3,358
Goodwill	8,982	8,982
Total assets	62,024	77,282
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	3,628	3,172
Accrued liabilities	6,326	9,040
Current portion of operating lease liability	1,349	1,305
Total current liabilities	11,303	13,517
Long-term operating lease liability	1,137	1,489
Liability related to the sale of future royalties, net	40,122	42,606
Total liabilities	52,562	57,612
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value—5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	0	0
Common stock, $0.01 par value—22,781,250 shares authorized, 5,894,085 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	59	59
Additional paid-in capital	1,217,351	1,215,792
Accumulated deficit	(1,208,286)	(1,196,410)
Accumulated other comprehensive gain	338	229
Total stockholders’ equity	9,462	19,670
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 62,024	$ 77,282
Common stock issued (in shares)	5,894,085	5,894,085
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	5,894,085	5,894,085
Common stock authorized (in shares)	22,781,250	22,781,250

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock authorized (in shares)	22,781,250	22,781,250
Common stock issued (in shares)	5,894,085	5,894,085
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	5,894,085	5,894,085

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues, net	$ 2,086	$ 2,297
Operating expenses:
Cost of royalties	47	24
Research and development	9,617	9,140
General and administrative	4,891	4,760
Total operating expenses	14,555	13,924
Loss from operations	(12,469)	(11,627)
Other income:
Interest income	515	652
Income (expense) related to the sale of future royalties	78	(584)
Total other income	593	68
Net loss	$ (11,876)	$ (11,559)
Net loss per common share (basic ) (in dollars per share)	$ (2.05)	$ (2.39)
Net loss per common share (diluted) (in dollars per share)	$ (2.05)	$ (2.39)
Weighted average common shares (basic) (in shares)	5,783,585	4,830,763
Weighted average common shares (diluted) (in shares)	5,783,585	4,830,763
Net loss	$ (11,876)	$ (11,559)
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain on marketable securities	109	195
Comprehensive loss	$ (11,767)	$ (11,364)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		4,830,464
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 46,552	$ 48	$ 1,195,687	$ (1,148,997)	$ (186)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation	1,395		1,395
Issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans (in shares)		516
Issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans	8	$ 1	7
Unrealized gain on marketable securities	195				195
Net loss	(11,559)			(11,559)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		4,830,980
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 36,591	$ 49	1,197,089	(1,160,556)	9
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	5,894,085	5,894,085
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 19,670	$ 59	1,215,792	(1,196,410)	229
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation	1,559		1,559
Unrealized gain on marketable securities	109				109
Net loss	$ (11,876)			(11,876)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	5,894,085	5,894,085
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 9,462	$ 59	$ 1,217,351	$ (1,208,286)	$ 338

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (11,876)	$ (11,559)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	64	64
Non-cash lease expense	354	324
Stock-based compensation expense	1,559	1,395
Non-cash activity related to the sale of future royalties	(78)	(77)
Amortization of premiums and discounts on investments	84	(145)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	640	661
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(1,413)	(610)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(2,258)	(1,984)
Operating lease liability	(308)	(268)
Total adjustments	(1,356)	(640)
Net cash used in operating activities	(13,232)	(12,199)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of investments	(10,737)	(17,682)
Sales and maturities of investments	29,650	43,925
Net cash provided by investing activities	18,913	26,243
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	0	7
Payment of liability of future royalties, net of imputed interest	(2,406)	(2,013)
Net cash used by financing activities	(2,406)	(2,006)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	3,275	12,038
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	27,225	20,293
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	30,500	32,331
Supplemental cash flow data:
Cash paid for interest	$ 0	$ 661

Nature of Business	3 Months Ended
Nature of Business	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Nature of Business	Nature of Business Curis, Inc. is a biotechnology company focused on the development of emavusertib (CA-4948), an orally available, small molecule inhibitor of Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase, or IRAK4. Throughout these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Curis, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company” or “Curis”. The Company is party to a collaboration agreement with Genentech Inc. (“Genentech”), a member of the Roche Group, under which Genentech and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (“Roche”) are commercializing Erivedge® (vismodegib), a first-in-class orally administered small molecule Hedgehog signaling pathway antagonist. Erivedge is approved for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma (“BCC”). The Company is party to an exclusive collaboration agreement with Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited (“Aurigene”) for the discovery, development and commercialization of small molecule compounds in the areas of immuno-oncology and precision oncology, including emavusertib. The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology industry as well as risks that are specific to the Company’s business, including, but not limited to: the Company’s ability to obtain adequate financing to fund its operations; the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern; the Company’s ability to advance and expand its research and development program for emavusertib; the Company’s ability to execute on its overall business strategies; the Company’s ability to obtain and maintain necessary intellectual property protection; development by the Company’s competitors of new or better technological innovations; the Company’s ability to comply with regulatory requirements; the Company’s ability to obtain and maintain applicable regulatory approvals and commercialize any approved drug candidates; and the ability of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Curis Royalty, LLC (“Curis Royalty”), to satisfy the terms of the royalty interest purchase agreement (the “Oberland Purchase Agreement”) with entities managed by Oberland Capital Management, LLC (the “Purchasers”), and Lind SA LLC (the “Agent”), as collateral agent for the Purchasers. The Company’s future operating results will largely depend on the progress of emavusertib and the magnitude of payments that it may receive and make under its current and potential future collaborations. The results of the Company’s operations have varied and will likely continue to vary significantly from year to year and quarter to quarter and depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to the timing, outcome and cost of the Company’s preclinical studies and clinical trials for its drug candidate. The Company will require substantial funds to maintain its research and development programs and support operations. The Company has incurred losses and cash outflows from operations since its inception. The Company had an accumulated deficit of $1.2 billion as of March 31, 2024, and incurred a net loss of $11.9 million and used $13.2 million of cash in operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company expects to continue to generate operating losses in the foreseeable future. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), the Company has concluded there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are issued. Based on the Company's $40.7 million of existing cash, cash equivalents and investments at March 31, 2024, recurring losses and cash outflows from operations since inception, an expectation of continuing losses and cash outflows from operations for the foreseeable future and the need to raise additional capital to finance the Company's future operations, the Company concluded it does not have sufficient cash on hand to support current operations within the next 12 months from the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These factors raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company plans to seek additional funding through a number of potential avenues, including private or public equity financings, collaborations, or other strategic transactions as needed. The Company may not be able to obtain funding on acceptable terms, or at all. The terms of any financing may adversely affect the holdings or the rights of the Company’s stockholders. The Company’s ability to raise additional funds will depend, among other factors, on financial, economic and market conditions, many of which are outside of its control and it may be unable to raise financing when needed, or on terms favorable to the Company. If necessary funds are not available, the Company will have to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate its development of emavusertib, potentially delaying the time to market for or preventing the marketing of emavusertib, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations and future prospects.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	3 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (a)Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These statements, however, are condensed and do not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 8, 2024. In the opinion of the management of the Company, the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (all of which were considered normal and recurring) necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position at March 31, 2024; the results of operations for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023; stockholders' equity for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023; and the cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2023 was derived from audited annual financial statements but does not contain all of the footnote disclosures from the annual financial statements. In accordance with FASB ASU No. 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), the Company has concluded there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are issued. On September 28, 2023, the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of its common stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”). All references to shares of common stock outstanding, average number of shares outstanding and per share amounts in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been restated to reflect the Reverse Stock Split on a retroactive basis. (b)Use of Estimates and Assumptions The preparation of the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosure of revenue, expenses and certain assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date. Such estimates include the performance obligations under the Company’s collaboration agreements; the collectability of receivables; and the value of certain investments and liabilities. Actual results may differ from such estimates. These interim results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for a full year or subsequent interim periods. (c) Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Investments Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. All other investments are marketable securities. The Company classified $0.5 million of its cash as restricted cash as of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. These amounts represent the security deposit associated with the Company’s Lexington, Massachusetts headquarters. The Company’s short-term investments are marketable debt securities with original maturities of greater than three months from the date of purchase, but less than twelve months from the balance sheet date. Marketable securities consist of commercial paper, corporate bonds and notes, and/or government obligations. All of the Company’s investments have been designated available-for-sale and are stated at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on investments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses, dividends and interest income are included in other income (expense) in the period during which the securities are sold. Any premium or discount arising at purchase is amortized and/or accreted to interest income. (d)Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at contract inception. The Company made an accounting policy election to not recognize leases with an initial term of 12 months or less within its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and to recognize those lease payments on a straight-line basis in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss over the lease term. Operating lease assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based upon the present value of lease payments over the lease term. When determining the lease term, the Company includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. As the Company’s lease does not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate, which is based on rates that would be incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a term equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment, in determining the present value of lease payments. The lease payment used to determine the operating lease asset may include lease incentives, stated rent increases and was recognized as an operating lease right-of-use asset in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company’s lease agreements may include both lease and non-lease components, which may be accounted for as a single lease component when the payments are fixed. Variable payments included in the lease agreement are expensed as incurred. The Company’s operating lease is reflected in operating lease right-of-use asset and operating lease liability in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. (e)Other Assets Other assets consist of long-term prepayments and deposits. (f)Revenue Recognition The Company applies the revenue recognition guidance in accordance with FASB Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company recognizes royalty revenues related to Genentech’s and Roche’s sales of Erivedge. For arrangements that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on the level of sales, and where the license is deemed to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company recognizes revenue at the later of (i) when the related sales occur, or (ii) when the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied). The Company expects to continue recognizing royalty revenue from Genentech’s sales of Erivedge in the U.S. and Roche's sales of Erivedge outside of the U.S. (see Note 8, Research and Development Collaborations). However, a significant portion of Erivedge royalties will be paid to the Purchasers pursuant to the Oberland Purchase Agreement (see Note 7, Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties). (g)Segment Reporting The Company has determined that it operates in a single reportable segment, which is the research and development of innovative drug candidates for the treatment of human cancer. (h)New Accounting Pronouncements Issued, Not Yet Adopted In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which provides updates to qualitative and quantitative reportable segment disclosure requirements, including enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and increased interim disclosure requirements, among others. ASU No. 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted, and the amendments should be applied retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the ASU on the Consolidated Financial Statement disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation, and modifies other income tax-related disclosures. ASU No. 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and allows for adoption on a prospective basis, with a retrospective option. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the ASU on the income tax disclosures within the Consolidated Financial Statements. In March 2024, the SEC approved a rule that will require registrants to provide certain climate-related information in their registration statements and annual reports. The rule requires information about a registrant's climate-related risks that are reasonably likely to have a material impact on its business, results of operations, or financial condition. The required information about climate-related risks also includes disclosure of a registrant's greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the rules will require registrants to present certain climate-related financial metrics in their audited financial statements. On April 4, 2024, the SEC voluntarily stayed implementation of this new rule pending judicial review. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of this rule on the Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments


Level 1			Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2			Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3			Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.


(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Fair Value
As of March 31, 2024:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	19,778	$	—	$	—	$	19,778
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		7,205		—		7,205
Short-term investments:

U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		10,764		—		10,764


Total	$	19,778	$	17,969	$	—	$	37,747


(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Fair Value
As of December 31, 2023:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	16,780	$	—	$	—	$	16,780
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		4,735		—		4,735
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	—		2,021		—		2,021
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	—		12,996		—		12,996
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		16,657		—		16,657



Total	$	16,780	$	36,409	$	—	$	53,189

Investments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investments

The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investments available-for-sale as of March 31, 2024 are as follows:


(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gain		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Short-term investments:

U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	10,764		—		—		10,764

Total investments	$	10,764	$	—	$	—	$	10,764

The weighted average remaining maturity of short-term investments was 0.5 years at March 31, 2024.

The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investments available-for-sale as of December 31, 2023 are as follows:


(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gain		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	$	12,999	$	—	$	(3)	$	12,996
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	16,655		3		(1)		16,657



Total investments	$	29,654	$	3	$	(4)	$	29,653

The weighted average maturity of short-term investments was 0.2 years at December 31, 2023.

As of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company held no investments that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer.

Accrued Liabilities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Employee related costs	$	1,532	$	3,701
Research and development costs	3,523		4,163
Professional and legal fees	1,216		1,059


Other	55		117
Total	$	6,326	$	9,040

Lease	3 Months Ended
Lease	Mar. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Lease	Lease The Company has a single lease for real estate, including laboratory and office space, and certain equipment, in Lexington, Massachusetts which commenced on May 1, 2020. A portion of the Company’s leased space is subject to an early termination option that becomes effective on the lease commencement date of a new lease for larger premises within the landlord’s commercial real estate portfolio (“New Lease”). The landlord has the option to early terminate the lease agreement by providing written notice to the Company eighteen months prior to December 31, 2025, or by June 30, 2024. The Company expects the lease to end as of December 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had an operating lease liability of $2.5 million and related right-of-use asset of $2.7 million related to its operating lease. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had an operating lease liability of $2.8 million and related right-of-use asset of $3.1 million related to its operating lease. The Company recorded lease cost of $0.4 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company paid $0.4 million in rent during each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The discount rate associated with the Company’s right-of-use asset is 10%.

Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Nonmonetary Transactions [Abstract]

The following table shows the activity with respect to the liability related to the sale of future royalties during the three months ended March 31, 2024.


(in thousands)
Carrying value of liability related to the sale of future royalties at January 1, 2024	$	42,606

Other	(78)
Less: payments to the Purchasers	(2,406)
Carrying value of liability related to the sale of future royalties at March 31, 2024	$	40,122

Research and Development Collaborations	3 Months Ended
Research and Development Collaborations	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Research and Development Collaborations	Research and Development Collaborations (a)Genentech In June 2003, the Company licensed its proprietary Hedgehog pathway antagonist technologies to Genentech for human therapeutic use. The primary focus of the collaboration is Erivedge, which is being commercialized by Genentech in the U.S. and by Genentech’s parent company, Roche, outside of the U.S. for the treatment of advanced BCC. Pursuant to the collaboration agreement, the Company is entitled to a royalty on net sales of Erivedge that ranges from 5% to 7.5%. The royalty rate applicable to Erivedge may be decreased by 2% on a country-by-country basis in certain specified circumstances. Cost of royalties comprises payments to university licensors and was not material for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company has account receivables from Genentech under this collaboration of $2.1 million and $2.7 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, in its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As previously discussed in Note 7, Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties, a significant portion of royalty revenues received from Genentech on net sales of Erivedge will be paid to the Purchasers pursuant to the Oberland Purchase Agreement. (b)Aurigene The Company is party to an exclusive collaboration agreement with Aurigene for the discovery, development and commercialization of small molecule compounds in the areas of immuno-oncology and selected precision oncology targets. Under the collaboration agreement, Aurigene granted the Company an option to obtain exclusive, royalty-bearing licenses to relevant Aurigene technology to develop, manufacture and commercialize products containing certain of such compounds anywhere in the world, except for India and Russia, which are territories retained by Aurigene. Additionally, Aurigene retains the rights to develop and commercialize CA-170 in Asia, and the Company is entitled to receive royalty payments on potential future sales of CA-170 in Asia at percentage rates ranging from the high single digits up to 10%, subject to specified reductions. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has exercised its option to license the following four programs under the collaboration: 1.IRAK4 Program - a precision oncology program of small molecule inhibitors of IRAK4. The development candidate is emavusertib. 2.PD1/VISTA Program - an immuno-oncology program of small molecule antagonists of PD1 and VISTA immune checkpoint pathways. The development candidate is CA-170. 3.PD1/TIM3 Program - an immuno-oncology program of small molecule antagonists of PD1 and TIM3 immune checkpoint pathways. The development candidate is CA-327. 4.An immuno-oncology program. For each of the licensed programs (as described above) the Company is obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize at least one product in each of the U.S., specified countries in the European Union and Japan, and Aurigene is obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to perform its obligations under the development plan for such licensed program in an expeditious manner. For each of the IRAK4, PD1/VISTA, PD1/TIM3 programs, and the immuno-oncology program, the Company has remaining unpaid or unwaived payment obligations of $42.5 million per program, related to regulatory approval and commercial sales milestones, plus specified additional payments for approvals for additional indications, if any.

Common Stock	3 Months Ended
Common Stock	Mar. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Common Stock	Common Stock Sales Agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC In March 2021, the Company entered into a sales agreement (the “2021 Sales Agreement”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (“Cantor”) and JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC (“JonesTrading”). In February 2024, the Company entered into an amended and restated sales agreement with Cantor and JonesTrading (the “2024 Sales Agreement”), which supersedes the 2021 Sales Agreement. Pursuant to the 2024 Sales Agreement, the Company can sell from time to time shares of the Company’s common stock through an “at-the-market offering” program under which Cantor and JonesTrading act as sales agents. Subject to the terms and conditions of the 2024 Sales Agreement, Cantor and JonesTrading can sell the common stock by any method deemed to be an “at-the-market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act. Pursuant to the terms of the 2024 Sales Agreement, the aggregate compensation payable to each of Cantor and JonesTrading is 3% of the gross proceeds from sales of the common stock sold by Cantor or JonesTrading, as applicable. The Company did not sell any shares of common stock under the 2024 Sales Agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, $100.0 million of shares of common stock remained available for sale under the 2024 Sales Agreement.

Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation

The Fourth Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan

Inducement Awards

Stock Options

A summary of stock option activity under the 2010 Plan and Inducement Awards are summarized as follows:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2023	840,880	$	47.58	7.16
Granted	283,770	11.64
Exercised	—	—
Canceled/Forfeited	(12,262)	78.49
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	1,112,388	$	38.07	7.66	$	17
Exercisable at March 31, 2024	538,662	$	55.19	6.08	$	—
Vested and unvested expected to vest at March 31, 2024	1,112,388	$	38.07	7.66	$	17


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected term (years)	6	5.5


Risk free interest rate	3.9% - 4.1%	3.6%
Expected volatility	115% - 116%	115% - 116%
Expected dividends	None	None

Restricted Stock Awards

The following table presents a summary of unvested RSAs under the 2010 Plan as of March 31, 2024:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, December 31, 2023	110,500	$	18.20
Awarded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Unvested, March 31, 2024	110,500	$	18.20

Amended and Restated 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Stock-Based Compensation Expense


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Research and development expenses	$	809	$	629
General and administrative expenses	750		766
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	1,559	$	1,395

Loss Per Common Share	3 Months Ended
Loss Per Common Share	Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Loss Per Common Share	Loss Per Common Share Basic and diluted loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, because the effect of adjusting the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period for the potential dilutive effect of common stock equivalents would be antidilutive due to the Company’s net loss position for these periods. Antidilutive securities consist of stock options outstanding of 1,112,388 and 875,034 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and unvested RSAs of 110,500 as of March 31, 2024.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net loss	$ (11,876)	$ (11,559)

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Investments

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. All other investments are marketable securities.

Leases

Other Assets

Other assets consist of long-term prepayments and deposits.

Revenue Recognition

The Company applies the revenue recognition guidance in accordance with FASB Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

Segment Reporting

The Company has determined that it operates in a single reportable segment, which is the research and development of innovative drug candidates for the treatment of human cancer.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Issued, Not Yet Adopted

Fair Value of Financial Instruments


Level 1			Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2			Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3			Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis


(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Fair Value
As of March 31, 2024:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	19,778	$	—	$	—	$	19,778
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		7,205		—		7,205
Short-term investments:

U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		10,764		—		10,764


Total	$	19,778	$	17,969	$	—	$	37,747


(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Fair Value
As of December 31, 2023:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	16,780	$	—	$	—	$	16,780
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		4,735		—		4,735
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	—		2,021		—		2,021
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	—		12,996		—		12,996
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	—		16,657		—		16,657



Total	$	16,780	$	36,409	$	—	$	53,189

Investments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Schedule of Amortized Cost, Unrealized Gains and Losses and Fair Value of Investments Available-for-Sale

The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investments available-for-sale as of March 31, 2024 are as follows:


(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gain		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Short-term investments:

U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	10,764		—		—		10,764

Total investments	$	10,764	$	—	$	—	$	10,764

The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investments available-for-sale as of December 31, 2023 are as follows:


(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gain		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper	$	12,999	$	—	$	(3)	$	12,996
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations	16,655		3		(1)		16,657



Total investments	$	29,654	$	3	$	(4)	$	29,653

Accrued Liabilities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Employee related costs	$	1,532	$	3,701
Research and development costs	3,523		4,163
Professional and legal fees	1,216		1,059


Other	55		117
Total	$	6,326	$	9,040

Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Nonmonetary Transactions [Abstract]

Schedule of Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties

The following table shows the activity with respect to the liability related to the sale of future royalties during the three months ended March 31, 2024.


(in thousands)
Carrying value of liability related to the sale of future royalties at January 1, 2024	$	42,606

Other	(78)
Less: payments to the Purchasers	(2,406)
Carrying value of liability related to the sale of future royalties at March 31, 2024	$	40,122

Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock Option

A summary of stock option activity under the 2010 Plan and Inducement Awards are summarized as follows:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2023	840,880	$	47.58	7.16
Granted	283,770	11.64
Exercised	—	—
Canceled/Forfeited	(12,262)	78.49
Outstanding, March 31, 2024	1,112,388	$	38.07	7.66	$	17
Exercisable at March 31, 2024	538,662	$	55.19	6.08	$	—
Vested and unvested expected to vest at March 31, 2024	1,112,388	$	38.07	7.66	$	17

Schedule of Valuation Assumptions Used to Calculate Fair Value of Employee Options Awarded

the following estimated assumptions under the Black-Scholes option pricing model:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected term (years)	6	5.5


Risk free interest rate	3.9% - 4.1%	3.6%
Expected volatility	115% - 116%	115% - 116%
Expected dividends	None	None

Schedule of Restricted Stock Awards

The following table presents a summary of unvested RSAs under the 2010 Plan as of March 31, 2024:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, December 31, 2023	110,500	$	18.20
Awarded	—	—
Vested	—	—
Forfeited	—	—
Unvested, March 31, 2024	110,500	$	18.20

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Research and development expenses	$	809	$	629
General and administrative expenses	750		766
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	1,559	$	1,395

Nature of Business (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Nature of Business (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accumulated deficit	$ 1,208,286		$ 1,196,410
Net loss	11,876	$ 11,559
Cash used in operations	13,232	$ 12,199
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments	$ 40,700

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended
	Sep. 28, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Stockholders' equity, reverse stock split	0.05
Restricted cash \| $		$ 0.5	$ 0.5
Number of reportable segments \| segment		1

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Short-term investments:
Total	$ 37,747	$ 53,189
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments:		12,996
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments:	10,764	16,657
Money market funds
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents	19,778	16,780
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents	7,205	4,735
Commercial Paper \| Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents		2,021
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Short-term investments:
Total	19,778	16,780
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) \| Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments:		0
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) \| U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments:	0	0
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) \| Money market funds
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents	19,778	16,780
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) \| U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents	0	0
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) \| Commercial Paper \| Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents		0
Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Short-term investments:
Total	17,969	36,409
Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments:		12,996
Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments:	10,764	16,657
Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Money market funds
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents	0	0
Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents	7,205	4,735
Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Commercial Paper \| Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents		2,021
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Short-term investments:
Total	0	0
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments:		0
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments:	0	0
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Money market funds
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents	0	0
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents	$ 0	0
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Commercial Paper \| Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Cash equivalents:
Cash Equivalents		$ 0

Investments - Schedule of Amortized Cost, Unrealized Gains and Losses and Fair Value of Investments Available-for-Sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 10,764	$ 29,654
Unrealized Gain	0	3
Unrealized Loss	0	(4)
Fair Value	10,764	29,653
U.S. treasury securities and government agency obligations
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	10,764	16,655
Unrealized Gain	0	3
Unrealized Loss	0	(1)
Fair Value	$ 10,764	16,657
Corporate debt securities and commercial paper
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost		12,999
Unrealized Gain		0
Unrealized Loss		(3)
Fair Value		$ 12,996

Investments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
Investments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Range of maturities	6 months	2 months 12 days
Debt securities, available-for-sale, credit loss	$ 0		$ 0
Fair value of available-for-sale investments in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer	$ 0	$ 0

Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Employee related costs	$ 1,532	$ 3,701
Research and development costs	3,523	4,163
Professional and legal fees	1,216	1,059
Other	55	117
Total	$ 6,326	$ 9,040

Lease (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Lease (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, liability	$ 2,500		$ 2,800
Operating lease right-of-use asset	2,704		$ 3,056
Operating lease, expense	400	$ 400
Operating lease payments	$ 400	$ 400
Weighted average discount rate	10.00%
128 Spring Street Lease Amendment
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessor option to terminate, written notice period	18 months

Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2024
Nonmonetary Transaction [Line Items]
Non-cash interest rate	0.00%
Transaction fees	$ 0.6
Oberland Capital
Nonmonetary Transaction [Line Items]
Transaction expenses	$ 65.0
Purchaser default option period	180 days
Percentage of royalty purchase agreement	250.00%
Estimated price amount		$ 50.9
Oberland Capital \| Aggregate Net Royalties Prior to 2027
Nonmonetary Transaction [Line Items]
Cash proceeds from royalty purchase agreement	$ 53.5
Royalty amount threshold	$ 117.0

Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties - Schedule of Liability Related to the Sale of Future Royalties (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Nonmonetary Transaction [Roll Forward]
Carrying value of liability related to the sale of future royalties at January 1, 2024	$ 42,606
Other	(78)
Less: payments to the Purchasers	(2,406)
Carrying value of liability related to the sale of future royalties at March 31, 2024	$ 40,122

Research and Development Collaborations (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2003	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) program	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Accounts receivable		$ 2,154	$ 2,794
Number of program licensed \| program		4
Genentech, Inc.
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Percentage of royalty rate decrease	2.00%
Accounts receivable		$ 2,100	$ 2,700
Genentech, Inc. \| Minimum
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Percentage of royalty on net sales	5.00%
Genentech, Inc. \| Maximum
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Percentage of royalty on net sales	7.50%
Aurigene \| IRAK4, PD1/VISTA, and PD1/TIM3 Programs
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Waived payment of milestone and other payments (up to)		$ 42,500
Aurigene \| Maximum
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Royalty fees receivable (as a percent)		10.00%

Common Stock (Details) - Common Stock - Cantor Fitzgerald & Co - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2021
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Compensation fee		3.00%
Sale of stock remaining authorized amount	$ 100.0

Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2024 shares	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) purchase_period plan $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2023 $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2023 shares
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Number of shareholder-approved, share-based compensation plans \| plan		2
Granted (in shares)		283,770
Weighted average grant-date fair values of stock options (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 10.01	$ 11.80
Unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures \| $		$ 9.5
Unrecognized compensation cost, weighted average period for recognition		2 years 11 months 19 days
Exercise of stock options (in shares)		0
Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Shares authorized (in shares)		1,159,500
Period of time options are exercisable		10 years
Number of shares under award to be removed from share pool		14,902
2010 Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Granted (in shares)		277,970
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Issuance of stock under ESPP (in shares)		0
Stock Options, or Stock Appreciation Rights \| Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Shares removed from pool (in shares per share)		1
Restricted Stock, RSUs, Other Stock-Based Awards, or Performance Awards \| Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Shares removed from pool (in shares per share)		1.3
Price charged for award based on fair market value percentage (less than)		100.00%
Stock Options
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Vesting period (years)		4 years
Awarded (in shares)		5,800
Stock Options \| 2010 Plan \| Non-Employee Directors
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Granted (in shares)	200,950
Stock Options \| 2010 Plan \| Tranche One
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Percentage of vested shares which are exercisable under stock option		25.00%
Stock Options \| 2010 Plan \| Tranche Two
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Percentage of vested shares which are exercisable under stock option		6.25%
Restricted Stock
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Awarded (in shares)		0
Unrecognized compensation cost, weighted average period for recognition		1 year 1 month 9 days
Outstanding shares (in shares)		110,500		110,500
Compensation expense related to employee and director stock option grants \| $		$ 1.1
Employee Stock \| Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Shares authorized (in shares)		100,000
Price charged for award based on fair market value percentage (less than)		85.00%
Enrollment period		2 years
Number of purchase periods per year \| purchase_period		4
Term of purchase periods		6 months
Shares available for future purchase under ESPP (in shares)		26,631

Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock Option (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Number of Shares
Beginning balance (in shares)	840,880
Granted (in shares)	283,770
Exercised (in shares)	0
Canceled/Forfeited (in shares)	(12,262)
Ending balance (in shares)	1,112,388	840,880
Exercisable at end of period (in shares)	538,662
Vested and unvested expected to vest at end of period (in shares)	1,112,388
Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 47.58
Granted (in dollars per share)	11.64
Exercised (in dollars per share)	0
Canceled/Forfeited (in dollars per share)	78.49
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	38.07	$ 47.58
Exercisable at end of period (in dollars per share)	55.19
Vested and unvested expected to vest at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 38.07
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
Outstanding at end of period	7 years 7 months 28 days	7 years 1 month 28 days
Exercisable at end of period	6 years 29 days
Vested and unvested expected to vest at end of period	7 years 7 months 28 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at end of period	$ 17
Exercisable at end of period	0
Vested and unvested expected to vest at end of period	$ 17

Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Valuation Assumptions Used to Calculate Fair Value of Employee Options Awarded (Details) - Stock Options	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Expected term (years)	6 years	5 years 6 months
Minimum risk-free interest rate (percent)	3.90%	3.60%
Maximum risk-free interest rate (percent)	4.10%
Minimum volatility (percent)	115.00%	115.00%
Maximum volatility (percent)	116.00%	116.00%

Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Awards (Details) - Restricted Stock	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares
Number of Shares
Beginning balance (in shares) \| shares	110,500
Awarded (in shares) \| shares	0
Vested (in shares) \| shares	0
Forfeited (in shares) \| shares	0
Ending balance (in shares) \| shares	110,500
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 18.20
Awarded (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	0
Vested (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	0
Forfeited (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	0
Ending balance (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 18.20

Stock Plans and Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,559	$ 1,395
Research and development expenses
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	809	629
General and administrative expenses
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 750	$ 766

Loss Per Common Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
Loss Per Common Share (Details) - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Restricted Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Outstanding shares (in shares)	110,500		110,500
Stock Options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	1,112,388	875,034