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Risks relating to deterioration in economic conditions in Japan and globally
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(The below risk factor disclosure, which was previously reported in our most recent annual securities report filed in Japan on June 29,
2020, is repeated in this report to add a clarification to the English translation.)
Economic conditions in Japan and around the world
may deteriorate significantly due to various factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic and measures being implemented in response to the pandemic, including restrictions on travel, store operations and other
economic activities, in Japan and other countries and regions as well as crude oil prices declining or remaining at low levels. Uncertainty over the Japanese and global economies still remain not only because of the unpredictability of the timing of
containment of COVID-19 but also because of such other factors as concerns over political developments in the United States, the possible negative impact on international trade resulting from shifts in the
trade policies of various countries and regions, concerns relating to the United Kingdoms withdrawal from the European Union, and the slowing economic growth in China and the economic stagnation in emerging countries and commodity-exporting
countries, as well as the political turmoil in various regions around the world. In addition, external events, such as earthquakes, typhoons, floods and other natural disasters, terrorism and other political and social conflicts, abduction, and
health pandemics or epidemics, may cause deterioration in economic conditions and market instability in affected areas.
Worsening
economic conditions in Japan and around the world may result in, among other things, impairment or valuation losses on securities and other assets that we hold due to declines in the market value of such assets, an increase in our non-performing loans and credit costs due to deterioration in borrowers business performance, a decrease in our profits due to deterioration in the creditworthiness of counterparties in market transactions, a
reduction in foreign currency funding liquidity, an increase in our foreign currency funding costs, and an increase in the level of risk in, and the balance of, the risk assets that we hold. Our profitability may be adversely affected by various
other factors, including a decline in our net interest income caused by such factors as changes in the monetary policies of central banks in various jurisdictions. In addition, an economic downturn may result in a decline in new investments and
business transactions by customers due to stagnation in economic activity, weak consumer spending, diminished investor appetite for making investments in uncertain financial markets, and a decrease in our assets under custody or management.
In the event of a financial market turmoil or depression resulting from significant volatility in bond and stock markets or foreign currency
exchange rates, or a global financial crisis, the market value of financial instruments that we hold may significantly decline, properly quoted market prices of such instruments may become unavailable for valuation purposes, or financial markets may
become dysfunctional. As a result, we may incur impairment or valuation losses on financial instruments in our portfolio.
Any of the
foregoing factors may materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
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Risks relating to difficulty in our funding operations following a downgrade of our credit ratings
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A downgrade of our credit ratings by one or more of the credit rating agencies may adversely affect our financial
market operations and other aspects of our business. Any downgrade could increase the cost, or decrease the availability, of our funding, particularly in U.S. dollars and other foreign currencies, adversely affect our liquidity position or net
interest margin, trigger additional collateral or funding obligations, and result in losses of depositors, investors and counterparties willing or permitted to transact with us, thereby reducing our ability to generate income and weakening our
financial position. For example, assuming all of the relevant credit rating agencies downgraded the credit ratings of MUFG, MUFG Bank, Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking and Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holdings as of March 31, 2020 by one-notch on the same date, we estimate that MUFG and its three main subsidiaries would have been required to provide of approximately ¥58.8 billion of additional collateral under their derivative
contracts. Assuming a two-notch downgrade by all of the same credit rating agencies occurring on the same date, we estimate that the additional collateral requirements for the same MUFG group companies under
their derivative contracts would have been approximately ¥87.0 billion. In April 2020, Fitch downgraded the long-term credit ratings of MUFG, MUFG Bank, Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking by one-notch
from A (negative) to A- (stable). In addition, in April 2020, Standard and Poors changed the credit rating outlook for MUFG, MUFG Bank and Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking from Positive to
Stable. In August 2020, Fitch changed the credit rating outlook for MUFG, MUFG Bank, Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking, and Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities from stable to negative.
Rating agencies regularly evaluate us and our major subsidiaries as well as our and their respective debt securities. Their ratings are based
on a number of factors, including their assessment of the relative financial strength of MUFG or of the relevant subsidiary, as well as conditions generally affecting the financial services industry in Japan or on a global basis, some of which are
not entirely within our control. In addition, changes in their evaluation or rating methodologies are beyond our control. We strive to ensure appropriate funding liquidity by, for example, setting and monitoring certain indicators for funding
liquidity risk management purposes. However, as a result of changes in rating agencies evaluations based on the above factors or the rating methodologies, our ratings or the ratings of our subsidiaries may be downgraded. Such downgrade may
adversely affect the profitability of our markets operations and other operations as well as our financial condition and results of operations.
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Risks relating to cyber-attacks
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Our information, communications and transaction management systems (including our own proprietary systems as well as those third-party systems
which are provided for our use or to which our systems are connected) constitute a core infrastructure for our accounting and other business operations and are of critical importance particularly in the current business environment with increasing
dependence on remote or online networks and our strategy to promote digitization. We are working to prevent system failures through appropriate design and testing and other means and to establish security-conscious systems. However, we may not be
able to completely prevent system failures, cyber-attacks, unauthorized access, computer virus infection, human errors, equipment malfunctions, defects in services provided by third parties such as communications service providers, and failure to
appropriately deal with technological advances and new systems and tools. In addition, we may be unable to enhance our financial transaction management systems as required for all of our business operations or under increasingly stricter regulations
applicable to financial institutions. Furthermore, our system development or improvement projects, many of which are critical to our ability to operate in accordance with market and regulatory standards, may not be completed as planned due to the
complexity and other difficulty relating to such projects. Such failures and inability may lead to errors and delays in transactions, information leakage and other adverse consequences, and, if serious, could lead to the suspension of our business
operations and financial losses such as those incurred in connection with compensation for damages caused by such suspension, diminish confidence in us, harm our reputation, subject us to administrative sanctions, or result in our incurring
additional costs to deal with the consequences of these events.
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