Mexico Lower House Passes Bill To Regulate Bank Fees, Rates
February 12 2010 - 5:25PM
Dow Jones News
Mexico's lower house of Congress has approved legislation that
gives the central bank greater authority to regulate the interest
rates and commissions that lenders charge, as well as boost
competition in the payment processing industry.
The long-delayed bill, which awaits the signature of President
Felipe Calderon after it was passed Thursday, says the Bank of
Mexico should make sure loans are made under "accessible and
reasonable" conditions.
Measures include giving the Bank of Mexico the power to
establish the interest rates banks pay on deposits and charge on
loans, banning some types of fees altogether, and requiring lenders
to offer a basic credit card with a credit limit of no more than
11,500 pesos ($889).
The bill was passed by the Senate in April, but failed to make
it to the house floor for a vote last year owing to a heavy
legislative backlog.
The Bank of Mexico already enjoys broad powers to regulate the
financial system. The central bank last year banned several
commissions with a view to boosting competition by giving banks a
greater incentive to generate revenue from lending rather than
passively collecting commission and fee income.
"We continue to believe and insist that the best way to obtain a
reduction in commissions ... is through competition," Enrique
Zorrilla, chief executive of Mexico's No. 2 bank Banamex, said at a
press conference Friday.
Fees and commissions of close to MXN56.3 billion accounted for
about 27% of the banking industry's operating income in 2008.
Banks have attracted congressional scrutiny in recent years due
to public outrage over fees and a surge in bad credit-card loans
during 2008 and early 2009 as the result of poor lending standards
and a recession.
Mexico's economy likely contracted close to 7% last year, its
worst downturn since the 1995 peso crisis as the global crisis
dried up international trade, especially with the U.S., its largest
trading partner.
The recession and spike in unemployment made it harder for
businesses and families to pay back their debts, forcing most of
the country's largest banks, with prodding from regulators, to
restructure the credit card loans of many heavily indebted
consumers.
Five of Mexico's top seven banks are foreign-owned. Banco Bilbao
Vizcaya Argentaria SA (BBV) and Banco Santander SA (STD) of Spain,
Citigroup Inc. (C), HSBC Holdings PLC (HBC) of the U.K., and
Canada's Bank of Nova Scotia (BNS) control nearly 70% of loans and
deposits.
Another key provision in the bill seeks to bring greater
competition to Mexico's electronic payment processing industry,
which is controlled by two bank-owned networks, Prosa and
e-Global.
The legislation will require all payment networks to request
operating approval from the Bank of Mexico and force competing
networks to connect with each other free of charge. The central
bank will also be tasked with lowering entrance barriers to
investors who want to open new processing networks.
Mexico's banks have spent millions of dollars in recent years to
provide card payment terminals to businesses of all sizes in a bid
to get consumers to make purchases with credit and debit cards
instead of cash.
According to data from the Bank of Mexico, the number of card
payment terminals rose to 441,107 in the third quarter of 2009 from
just 117,787 in the first quarter of 2002.
During the same period, the number of credit cards in
circulation rose more than threefold to 22.3 million, while debit
cards nearly doubled to 62.5 million.
-By Ken Parks, Dow Jones Newswires; 52-55-5980-5177;
ken.parks@dowjones.com
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