TIDMBMK

RNS Number : 9864U

Benchmark Holdings PLC

29 November 2023

29 November 2023

Benchmark Holdings plc

("Benchmark", the "Company" or the "Group")

Full Year Results for the Financial Year ended 30 September 2023

Third consecutive year of financial and strategic delivery

Strategic steps to further streamline and integrate the Group, positioning it for the next phase of growth

Benchmark, the aquaculture biotechnology company, announces its full year audited results for the year ended 30 September 2023 (the "period").

Financial highlights - Revenue growth and improved profitability with steady progress in all business areas

   --    Revenue from continuing operations increase of 7% (+7% CER**): 

o Advanced Nutrition - strong performance in challenging shrimp markets, further strengthening our leading market position ; revenues -2% (-7% CER)

o Genetics - strong performance with record salmon egg sales in our three facilities - Iceland, Norway and Chile; revenue growth of +14% (+20% CER)

o Health - growing adoption of sea lice solution Ectosan (R) Vet and CleanTreat (R) and increase in sales of Salmosan(R) Vet resulting in revenue growth of 27% (+29% CER)

-- 15% increase (+16% CER) in Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations, excluding fair value movements from biological assets, as a result of higher revenues and tight cost control

-- Adjusted EBITDA(1) margin from continuing operations excluding fair value uplift from biological assets increased to 21% (FY22: 20%)

   --    Significant progress towards profitability: 

o Adjusted operating profit from continuing operations increased by 36% to GBP14.6m (FY22: GBP10.7m)

o Loss before tax from continuing operations reduced to GBP12.7m (FY22 restated: GBP21.4m) due to the positive trading result and lower finance costs, partially offset by higher exceptional items

-- Significant improvement in cash generation with operational cash flow close to double to GBP20m (FY22: GBP10.8m); cash conversion(4) increased from 35% to 58%

   --    Net debt(3) reduced to GBP65.5m (FY22: GBP73.7m) 
   --    Cash and cash equivalents of GBP35.6m and available liquidity of GBP48.8m 
   --    At 27 November, cash and cash equivalents of GBP29.3m and available liquidity of GBP41.5m 
 
 GBPm                                          FY 2023    FY 2022     % AER   % CER** 
                                                          restated* 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Revenue from continuing operations             169.5      157.7       7%       7% 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Adjusted 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Adjusted EBITDA(1) from continuing 
  operations                                    35.5        32.6       9%       11% 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Adjusted EBITDA from continuing 
  operations excluding fair value 
  uplift from biological assets                 35.6        31.0       15%      16% 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Adjusted operating profit(2) from 
  continuing operations                         14.6        10.7       36%      41% 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Statutory 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Operating loss from continuing operations      (5.3)      (6.2)       15%      22% 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Loss before tax from continuing 
  operations                                   (12.7)      (21.4)      41%      44% 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Loss for the period including discontinued 
  operations                                   (21.6)      (30.5)      29%      31% 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Basic loss per share (p)                      (3.16)      (4.60)      31% 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Net debt(3)                                   (65.5)      (73.7) 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 Net debt excluding lease liabilities          (45.6)      (47.5) 
--------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ------  -------- 
 

* 2022 figures have been restated to reflect changes to the ongoing continuing business during the year following the disposal of the tilapia business

** Constant exchange rate (CER) figures derived by retranslating current year figures using previous year's foreign exchange rates

(1) Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA (earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation and impairment), before exceptional items including acquisition related items.

(2) Adjusted Operating Profit is operating loss before exceptional items including acquisition related items and amortisation of intangible assets excluding development costs

(3) Net debt is cash and cash equivalents less loans and borrowings

(4) Cash generated from operations after working capital and taxes as percentage of Adj. EBITDA

 
 Business Area Performance (continuing                         FY 2023    FY 2022    % AER    % CER** 
  operations)                                                             restated 
  GBPm                                                                       * 
 Revenue 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 Genetics                                                       65.5       57.4       14%       20% 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 Advanced Nutrition                                             78.5       80.3       (2%)     (7%) 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 Animal Health                                                  25.5       20.1       27%       29% 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 Adjusted EBITDA(1) 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 Genetics                                                       15.7       17.4      (10%)     (1%) 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 
   *    excluding fair value movements in biological assets     15.8       15.8        0%       8% 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 Advanced Nutrition                                             18.4       19.0       (3%)     (8%) 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 Animal Health                                                   4.8        0.1      4,295%   4,165% 
                                                              --------  ----------  -------  -------- 
 

** Constant exchange rate (CER) figures derived by retranslating current year figures using previous year's foreign exchange rates

(1) Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA (earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation and impairment), before exceptional items including acquisition related expenditure.

Operational highlights

Advanced Nutrition - commercial focus and programme of efficiencies translate into business resilience and stronger market position

-- Continued commercial focus leveraging technical services capabilities and adapting to market conditions

-- Commenced implementation of structured programme of operational efficiencies focused on automation, supply chain integration, and digitalised data management

-- Continued innovation with launch of first AI-enabled live feed counting tool SnappArt and establishment of new R&D collaborations in Ecuador and Singapore

Genetics - continue to strengthen global position in salmon eggs

   --     Record volume of salmon eggs of 335 million, a 15% increase 

-- Acquired remaining 10.52% minority interest in Benchmark Genetics Iceland (50% of Group's salmon egg production) for EUR9m

-- Doubling of sales demonstrate growing commercial traction in Chile where our facilities obtained disease-free compartment status enabling future exports

-- Development of a new shrimp genetics product portfolio underway; shrimp activities reorganised and aligned to realise synergies with Advanced Nutrition

   --     Divestment of tilapia business through an MBO 

-- Expanded R&D team with a focus on reproductive technologies paving the way for breakthrough developments in sterility and gene editing

Health - increased adoption of Ectosan (R) Vet and CleanTreat (R)

-- Increased adoption of Ectosan (R) Vet and CleanTreat (R) by large and small producers along the entire Norwegian coastline

-- Further progress in the development of a new business model and configuration for CleanTreat (R) to integrate the system into customers' wellboat infrastructure

-- Good year for our second sea lice treatment, Salmosan(R) Vet, which showed a resurgence of demand driven mainly by label changes which allow longer use in certain territories

Group - further streamlining and integration creating opportunities for commercial and cost synergies

-- Important strategic alignment bringing together our salmon activities under the leadership of our Head of Genetics and our shrimp activities under the leadership of our Head of Advanced Nutrition. This customer-centric structure will enable us to increase our commercial impact with a combined offering and customer network and realise synergies

-- Continued progress on sustainability initiatives including energy efficiency and GHG emissions, certification and development of novel feed ingredients. ESG rating improvement by MSCI to AA

   --     Looking forward the Group remains focused on its four strategic pillars: 

o Maintain and grow its leadership position in established markets

o Expand its business through the launch of new products and development of key growth vectors

o Continue to embed the "One Benchmark" culture and integrate the Group to realise synergies

o Pursue strategic opportunities adhering to strict criteria

Current trading and outlook - positive momentum trading in-line with management expectations

   --     Good start to FY24 and positive momentum in the business 

o Good visibility of revenues in salmon genetics

o Early indications of improvement in the shrimp markets

o Increase in sea lice treatments post period end with good capacity utilisation of CleanTreat(R); expect normal seasonality

Trond Williksen, CEO, commented:

"We delivered good growth in revenue and Adjusted EBITDA, and increased cash conversion, despite challenging conditions in the global shrimp markets. This demonstrates the strength of our business and the agility of our organisation to adapt - mitigating the impact of a soft market and taking advantage of commercial opportunities to further consolidate our leading market position. The new financial year has also started well and in line with our expectations, with positive momentum in our three business areas.

"Since the end of FY20 when we completed the Group restructuring, we have been building a track record of growth and improved profitability, reflected by revenues and Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations which have increased over this period by 61% and 128%, respectively.

"Benchmark is uniquely positioned in an industry that is structurally growing supported by attractive megatrends. With a clear strategy and an integrated commercial network covering the main aquaculture species, we have significant opportunity to deliver growth and shareholders returns. We will continue the execution of our strategy to realise the value inherent in our business for the benefit of all our stakeholders."

Presentation for analysts and institutional investors at 8am GMT

Trond Williksen, Chief Executive Officer and Septima Maguire, Chief Financial Officer will host a presentation for analysts and institutional investors on the day at 08.00 GMT (09.00 CET).

The presentation will be held in person at Haakon Vlls Gate 2, Oslo, Norway. To register your interest, please contact benchmark@mhpgroup.com

A live webcast of the presentation will be available for analysts and investors to join remotely at the following link: https://channel.royalcast.com/hegnarmedia/#!/hegnarmedia/20231129_1

Equity Development webcast for retail investors at 12pm GMT

Trond Williksen, Chief Executive Officer and Septima Maguire, Chief Financial Officer will host a second webcast for retail investors and wealth managers at 12.00 GMT (13:00 CET). The webcast is open to all existing and potential shareholders.

To register please visit: https://www.equitydevelopment.co.uk/news-and-events/benchmark-investor-presentation-29november2023

Enquiries

 
 Benchmark Holdings plc                         Tel: 0114 240 9939 
 Trond Williksen, CEO 
 Septima Maguire, CFO 
 Ivonne Cantu, Investor Relations 
 
 
 D eutsche Numis (Broker and NOMAD)             Tel: 020 7260 1000 
 Freddie Barnfield, Duncan Monteith, Sher 
  Shah 
 MHP                                            Tel: 020 3128 8100 
 Katie Hunt, Reg Hoare, Veronica Farah      benchmark@mhpgroup.com 
 

About Benchmark

Benchmark's mission is to enable aquaculture producers to improve their sustainability and profitability. We bring together biology and technology, to develop innovative products which improve yield, quality and animal health and welfare for our customers. We do this by improving the genetic make-up, health and nutrition of their stock - from broodstock and hatchery through to nursery and grow out. Benchmark has a broad portfolio of products and solutions, including salmon eggs, live feed (Artemia), diets and probiotics and sea lice treatments. Find out more at www.benchmarkplc.com

Chairman's Statement

A year of delivery

2023 marks the third consecutive year of financial and strategic delivery following the Group restructuring and the appointment of a new management team in 2020. The new financial discipline and commercial focus implemented by our CEO and CFO are now well embedded in the Group and, together with our ongoing organisational change programme, are driving continued growth and strategic progress. Since 2020 Benchmark's revenue from continuing operations has grown from GBP105.4m (after adjusting for GBP0.2m revenue from the divested tilapia business) to GBP169m and Adjusted EBITDA has increased from GBP15.5m (after adjusting for loss of GBP1.1m from the divested tilapia business) to GBP35.5m, turning operating cashflow positive. In the same period, operating loss has reduced from GBP9.6m (after adjusting for loss of GBP1.2m from the divested tilapia business) to GBP5.3m, and total loss for the year has reduced from GBP31.9m to GBP21.6m.

We have a strong business with a capable organisation which is capitalising on the attractive megatrends in our industry, and which has proven its agility to adapt to the cyclicality in our end markets, taking every opportunity to further consolidate our leading market position.

The structural growth drivers in our industry are increasingly compelling. Aquaculture plays a crucial role in meeting the demand for seafood and represents a growing proportion of seafood consumption.

In addition, there are a number of exciting trends gaining momentum which are further driving the demand for innovative biotechnology solutions which are our focus. For instance, the increasing adoption of certification standards; the adoption of technological advancements, from automation to genetic improvements; the emergence of alternative feeds; and the increased use of data driven, AI enabled decision making are all aligned with and support Benchmark's future growth.

Organisational transformation

We continued our strategic journey to integrate and streamline our organisation in order to realise synergies, reduce costs and enhance our customer value proposition. This is an effort that commenced three years ago and crystallised this year with the integration of our Health, Genetics and Advanced Nutrition salmon and shrimp offerings by species in order to drive greater synergies into those end markets.

This means we can now fully leverage our customer relationships and commercial footprint to cross-sell our offerings and develop new products and solutions. Our salmon and shrimp activities are now respectively led by Geir Olav Melingen and Patrick Waty, both strong commercial leaders, who also continue to be business area heads for Genetics and Advanced Nutrition. As a result of the change we were able to streamline the teams with immediate cost savings.

Listing venue and share price performance

It is evident to the Board that our share price does not reflect the fundamental value of the business, its growing track record, or unique strategic positioning and attractive prospects. In an effort to address this longstanding issue, the Board decided to pursue a listing in Oslo, the leading seafood market in order to attract specialist investors and over time attain a fair valuation for our shares. An initial listing on Euronext Growth Oslo announced in November 2022 represented a first step towards this goal, to be followed by an uplisting to the Oslo Børs, subject to shareholder approval.

In 2023, we conducted a consultation with shareholders regarding an uplisting to the Oslo Børs and simultaneous delisting from AIM. However, we concluded from these discussions that it was necessary to maintain listings on both Euronext Growth Oslo and on AIM for the foreseeable future and keep an uplisting under review as part of the Group's ongoing strategy to deliver shareholder value.

Board changes

During the year we made changes to the Board that increased shareholder representation, improved the gender

balance, and addressed the normal Board rotation cycle.

In December we appointed Laura Lavers as Non-Executive Director. Laura is an experienced investment professional with two decades of experience and acts as shareholder representative for JNE Partners, a significant shareholder in the Company. In April, we announced the appointment of Torgeir Svae as Non- Executive Director with Atle Eide stepping down at the same time. Torgeir is an Investment Director at Kverva AS, one of the Company's main shareholders, and acts as their shareholder representative.

Following the appointments of Mrs Lavers and Mr Svae, alongside our independent directors, we have three Non-Executive Directors representing our three main shareholders who collectively hold 71% of the Company's shares.

As a step to enhance Board diversity in the normal rotation of Directors, on 30 June we appointed Marie Danielsson as Non-Executive Director and Chair of the Audit Committee succeeding Kevin Quinn who joined the Board in 2016.

In December 2023, Susan Searle, the Company's most tenured Board member, will conclude her service on the Board. The Board wishes to express its heartfelt gratitude for her exceptional contributions and dedicated work over the past decade.

Sustainability

Sustainability is at the core of our mission and our sustainability strategy runs across all our business and extends to our supply chain; it guides our decision-making and investment strategy. Our sustainability report including in the group's Annual Report for the year ended 30 September 2023 sets out the initiatives the progress made during the year in our three Sustainability pillars: Environment, Animal Welfare and People and Communities. We set priorities for our three pillars in alignment with a materiality assessment carried out annually which reflects key areas of impact for the business and our stakeholders. This year areas of focus included certification of our operations, sustainability of our supply chain, and enhanced climate risk assessment reporting.

Through enhanced disclosure and policies we were pleased to achieve an improvement in our MSCI ESG ratings to AA.

We have an ambitious commitment to energy transition. In 2023, we made substantial progress towards our Net Zero goals with the installation of solar panels in our facility in Thailand which represents the majority of our GHG emissions. The new solar panels will be operational in Q1 FY24.

Our People

Benchmark is driven by a group of highly talented and motivated people at all levels around the world, and I thank them all on the Board's behalf for their contribution this year. We continued to invest in making Benchmark a great place to work through an ambitious engagement programme, new learning and development resources, and regular, open communication with the management team. For a third consecutive year we obtained excellent engagement scores in our employee survey, well above the industry norm.

Looking forward

Our organisation is stronger than ever and, with market leading positions in our three business areas, I am confident that we will continue to build on our record of consistent delivery despite short term headwinds in some of our markets. Our focus continues to be on creating shareholder value by building a sustainably profitable, cash generative business positioned to capitalise on the opportunity to deliver healthy, nutritious, sustainable food for our future generations.

Peter George

Chairman

Chief Executive Officer's Review

Delivery and strategic progress

Third consecutive year of financial and strategic delivery

I am pleased to report a third consecutive year of financial delivery and strategic progress at Benchmark. The change programme which we embarked on three years ago and which is ongoing has transformed Benchmark into a robust and commercial organisation with leading market positions focused on delivering growth and shareholder value.

Supported by industry megatrends and growing interest in sustainability, farming efficiency and animal welfare, Benchmark is uniquely positioned in the aquaculture industry. With a clear focus on three business areas - Genetics, Advanced Nutrition and Health we deliver specialised, mission critical solutions that address the most important challenges facing the aquaculture industry today. This creates excellent opportunities and prospects ahead for Benchmark.

FY23 Overview

We delivered good growth in revenue and Adjusted EBITDA despite challenging conditions in the global shrimp markets. This demonstrates the strength of our business and the agility of our organisation to adapt - mitigating the impact of a soft market and taking advantage of commercial opportunities to further consolidate our leading market position. We continued to build on our established track record of growth and improved profitability with revenues increasing by 7%, and Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations excluding fair value movements from biological assets by 15%. Operating loss for the year reduced by 15% from the previous year, and total loss for the year reduced 29%. Since the end of FY20 when we completed the Group restructuring, revenues and Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations have increased by 61% and 128%, respectively after adjusting for the divested tilapia business. In the same period, operating loss reduced by 45% and total loss for the year reduced by 32%.

Good performance in our core established business

Our three business areas reported good contribution and progress. Advanced Nutrition showed the strength of an excellent organisation and was able to land a good year despite weak shrimp markets which resulted in a drop in demand for our products in key markets. Genetics increased revenues by 14% driven by its core established business with record salmon egg sales from its three facilities in Iceland, Salten and Chile, and continued to invest in its growth vectors. Health reported 27% revenue growth. With leading market positions, good commercial momentum, and growth in our underlying markets we expect further organic growth in our core areas.

Innovation capability coupled with deep market insight sets us apart. During the year we strengthened our Genetics R&D team with a focus on reproductive technologies aiming to bring new breakthroughs in sterility and gene editing to the market in the coming years. In Advanced Nutrition we launched our first AI-powered artemia counting tool SnappArt, an example of how we incorporate state of the art technology into our product offering.

Growth vectors

In addition to the growth potential across our established core business, we have three significant growth vectors which represent strategic priorities for the Group:

   --    the commercial expansion of our salmon genetics into the Chilean market; 
   --    the commercialisation of our shrimp genetics products; and 

-- the development of a new business model and operating platform for Ectosan(R) Vet and CleanTreat(R).

During the year we devoted considerable effort and resources to ensure that we have a compelling customer proposition and the right infrastructure and cost base in each of our growth vectors to deliver adequate returns.

Chile is the second largest salmon producing country in the world and a natural new market for our salmon

genetics business. Barriers to entry in genetics are high and it is by leveraging our world class genetics expertise to develop a pure Chilean strain and our extensive operational capabilities that we have a competitive product in the market which is reliable, biosecure and high performing. Results from our first full production cycle demonstrate this, translating into new customer wins and a growing pipeline of orders supported by an intense commercial effort from our local and global team.

We see significant potential in shrimp genetics as a driver of growth and sustainability in shrimp production; indeed, this is an area where Benchmark has world class capabilities and expertise. We launched our first commercial shrimp genetics products in 2022 exporting breeders from our production facility in Florida to multiple markets in Asia. Based on feedback from the first commercial phase, in FY23 we decided to develop a new range of products addressing a need in the market for growth and balanced strains in addition to resistance, as well as a need for locally adapted strains tailored to variations in customer needs across countries. We undertook trials to enable product testing in local conditions and our new product development is well progressed. We also took the decision to exit our JV multiplication centre in Thailand and plan to develop alternative market routes for our shrimp genetics through partnerships with other industry players, leveraging our extensive network and established relationships. In order to leverage our leading market position and commercial network in the shrimp market through Advanced Nutrition, we combined our shrimp activities across Genetics and Advanced Nutrition under the leadership of Patrick Waty, our Head of Advanced Nutrition.

Our sea lice solution Ectosan(R) Vet and CleanTreat(R) has proven to be highly efficacious, protective of animal welfare and the environment, and represents a key growth vector for Benchmark. During the year there was increased adoption of our sea lice solution by small and large producers along the entire Norwegian coastline. Full market penetration, however, relies on the development of a new business model and configuration aligned to our customers' infrastructure. During the year we signed an agreement with a specialist wellboat equipment provider, MMC, and ship designer, SALT, to integrate CleanTreat(R) systems into new wellboats.

This also opens up opportunities for retro-fits or installations on platforms other than the current PSV (platform supply vessel) setup. The implementation of the new business model will allow us to streamline the organisation and reduce capital intensity. Part of these actions are reviewing different options to optimise operations and cash flow on our journey towards fully integrated customer-owned systems, including taking down the exposure to the capital intensive setup we currently hold with two PSV's.

Strategic Action

We continue our efforts to integrate and streamline the Group - making sure we have an organisation that is as optimal as possible from an operational and commercial point of view. To this end we executed an important alignment in the year bringing together our salmon activities under the leadership of our Head of Genetics and our shrimp activities under the leadership of our Head of Advanced Nutrition. This customer-centric will enable us to increase our commercial impact with a combined offering and customer network, leveraging resources and knowledge and further strengthening our market leading position.

Our overarching aim to achieve profitability and sustainable cash generation led to the decision to exit from our tilapia breeding operation while maintaining our exposure to this species through our Genetic Services business. Having developed top performing genetics and an efficient operation and supply chain, the slow industrialisation and adoption of tilapia genetics in the industry meant that we did not see a path to adequate returns in the short and medium term. We were pleased to have exited the business through a management buyout and we continue to work with the new owners providing support for the breeding programme through our Genetics Services activities.

Our culture and our people

Benchmark's purpose driven team and culture is our most important asset. Our values underpin the way we conduct our business and create a collaborative, innovative and commercial organisation which I am very proud of. We take employee well-being and engagement seriously and create regular opportunities to facilitate dialogue. These are an important pillar in making Benchmark a 'Great Place to Work'.

Looking forward - Outlook

We have had a good start to the year and there is good momentum in the business. We have good visibility of sales in Genetics at normalised levels following the supply shortage experienced Q1 FY23. In Advanced Nutrition we are seeing early signs of recovery in the shrimp markets which we expect will contribute positively from Q2 FY24 onwards. Our CleanTreat(R) units are currently operating at a good capacity utilisation and we expect this to be reflected in Q1 FY24. We expect normal seasonality with low treatment volumes in the second half. We are considering actions to optimise our operations and cashflow during the transition to an integrated customer solution. The continued integration and streamlining of the Group will enable us to further leverage the Group capabilities and drive efficiencies contributing to a positive outlook for the year ahead.

Looking into the future, we are uniquely positioned in an industry that is structurally growing. With a clear strategy addressing the main aquaculture species, we have significant opportunity to deliver growth and shareholder returns. We will continue the development of the Group and ongoing consideration of our strategy to realise the value inherent in our business for the benefit of all our stakeholders.

Trond Williksen

Chief Executive Officer

Financial Review

Strong and positive performance in the year

We continued to develop a business structured for growth and resilience. FY23 has been a year of significant progress in which we have delivered sales growth in both Genetics and Health, our two salmon focussed business areas. Additionally, in Advanced Nutrition, we have been able to continue to make progress even despite difficult economic conditions in which the market contracted. Our continued focus on cost and cash conservation has proven key to our progress and we ended the year with healthy cash, net debt and available liquidity position. We anticipate that the shrimp markets will improve somewhat in FY24 and our shrimp focussed businesses are poised to benefit. Salmon continues to be a very solid market for the Group allowing us to continue to progress the business in line with our strategic objective to be the preferred supplier of salmon eggs in all key markets.

Overview of reported financial results During 2023, the Group's focus was on continuing to strengthen the business and deliver good commercial results and advancing its strategic priorities with the aim to be cash generative.

Advanced Nutrition continued to deliver strong results even as they faced headwinds in the shrimp markets demonstrating good resilience within the business area. Genetics had a good year with strong sales and solid results, and with Ectosan(R) Vet and CleanTreat(R) sales gaining more traction in Health this resulted in an increase in Group revenue of 7% to GBP169.5m in the year (2022 restated: GBP157.7m). This increase in sales meant that gross profit increased to GBP86.8m (2022 restated: GBP83.9m). Gross margin was slightly down at 51% (2022 restated: 53%). Using the same foreign exchange rates experienced in 2022 (constant currency ) revenue increased by 7%.

 
                                                           2022 
  As Reported (GBPm unless otherwise           2023   restated*    % AER    % CER(**) 
  stated) 
Revenue from continuing operations            169.5       157.7       7%           7% 
                                             ======  ==========  =======  =========== 
Operating loss from continuing operations     (5.3)       (6.2)      15%          22% 
                                             ======  ==========  =======  =========== 
Loss before tax from continuing operations   (12.7)      (21.4)      41%          44% 
                                             ======  ==========  =======  =========== 
Loss for the period including discontinued 
 operations                                  (21.6)      (30.5)      29%          31% 
                                             ======  ==========  =======  =========== 
Basic loss per share (p)                     (3.16)      (4.60)      31%            - 
                                             ======  ==========  =======  =========== 
 

*2022 numbers have been restated to reflect changes to the ongoing continuing business following the disposal of the tilapia business during the year.

** Constant exchange rate (CER) is the change year on year translating current figures using last year's foreign exchange rates.

 
 
  Adjusted Measures (GBPm unless otherwise                      2022 
  stated)                                         2023   restated(*)  % AER  % CER(**) 
Gross profit from continuing operations           86.8          83.9     3%         4% 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Gross profit %                                     51%           53%      -          - 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Gross profit from continuing operations 
 exc movements in fair value of biological 
 assets                                           86.9          82.3     5%         6% 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Gross profit %                                     51%           52%      -          - 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Adjusted EBITDA(1) from continuing operations     35.5          32.6     9%        11% 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Adjusted EBITDA(1) margin %                        21%           21%      -          - 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Adjusted EBITDA(1) from continuing operations 
 exc movements in fair value of biological 
 assets                                           35.6          31.0    15%        16% 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Adjusted EBITDA(1) exc fair value movements 
 margin %                                          21%           20%      -          - 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Adjusted Operating Profit(2) from continuing 
 operations                                       14.6          10.7    36%        41% 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
Net debt(3)                                     (65.5)        (73.7)    11%          - 
                                                ======  ============  =====  ========= 
 

*2022 numbers have been restated to reflect changes to the ongoing continuing business following the disposal of the tilapia business during the year.

** Constant exchange rate (CER) is the change year on year translating current figures using last year's foreign exchange rates.

1 Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA (earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation and impairment) before exceptional and acquisition-related items.

2 Adjusted Operating Profit is operating loss before exceptional and acquisition-related items and amortisation of intangible assets excluding development costs.

   3     Net debt is cash and cash equivalents less loans, borrowings and lease obligations. 

Business area performance

We continued to manage costs across the Group very closely. Operating costs from the continuing business increased by 2% to GBP45.2m (2022 restated: GBP44.1m) with increased costs in Genetics and Advanced Nutrition driven in the main by inflation offset by cost cuts in Health. Expensed R&D from continuing operations decreased by 9% to GBP6.1m (2022 restated: GBP6.6m).

Adjusted EBITDA from continued operations increased by 9% to GBP35.5m (2022 restated: GBP32.6m) driven by increased performance in Health which offset Genetics where we had significant investment in shrimp genetics as well as lower fair value uplift and Advanced Nutrition.

Adjusted measures

We continue to use adjusted results as our primary measures of financial performance. We believe that these adjusted measures enable a better evaluation of our underlying performance. This is how the Board monitors the progress of the Group.

We use growth at constant exchange rate metrics when considering our performance, in which currency balances are retranslated at the same exchange rates in use for the prior year to illustrate growth on a currency like-for-like basis.

In line with many of our peers in the sector, we highlight expensed R&D on the face of the income statement separate from operating expenses. Furthermore, we report earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation ("EBITDA") and EBITDA before exceptional and acquisition- related items ("Adjusted EBITDA"). The activities of the Group's equity accounted investees are closely aligned with the Group's principal activities, as these arrangements were set up to exploit opportunities from the Intellectual Property ("IP") held within the Group. As a result, to ensure that adjusted performance measures are more meaningful, the Group's share of the results of these entities is included within Adjusted EBITDA. We also report this adjusted measure after depreciation and amortisation of capitalised development costs ("Adjusted Operating Profit") as the Board considers this reflects the result after taking account of the utilisation of the recently expanded production capacity.

In addition, in line with the Salmon industry, we also report Gross profit and AEBITDA excluding fair value uplift under IAS 41. Available liquidity, being cash and undrawn facilities, is an important metric for management of the business as it gives a measure of the available liquid funds and is also a key financial covenant in the Group's main debt facilities.

Genetics

Despite forex headwinds impacting both NOK and ISK, Genetics delivered good growth in revenue driven by sales of salmon eggs where volumes increased by 15% to 335 million eggs. Total revenues from continuing operations of GBP65.5m (2022 restated: GBP57.4m) were up 14%, 20% in constant currency.

Egg sales in our biggest market, Norway, increased by 17% during the year, with most of the demand being met by higher production volumes from our Salten facility. We also saw increased sales to almost all other territories in the year, resulting in an increase in revenue from salmon eggs of 19% to GBP45.6m (2022: GBP38.3m).

In non-product-based revenue streams, revenues from harvested fish were aided by increased salmon prices resulting in harvest income in the year of GBP11.1m (2022: GBP8.5m). Royalties earned from use of our genetic IP fell in the year, with sales down to GBP0.5m (2022: GBP0.8m). No further revenues are expected from this revenue stream as the expected unwind of contracts is now complete. Genetic Services delivered slightly lower revenues of GBP1.2m in the year (2022: GBP1.3m), but revenues from this income stream are expected to increase in future years as we build on the strength and depth of our recently expanded genetics team and our IP in the business. Revenues from other products totalled GBP7.4m (2022: GBP9.1m).

Gross profit from continuing operations reduced by 7% in 2023 to GBP30.6m (2022 restated: GBP32.8m) and gross margin fell to 47% (2022 restated: 57%). The reduction in gross margin was due to a number of factors. We experienced higher third-party production costs on our broodstock licence, inflation in our own costs and non-capitalisation of shrimp development costs in the year (GBP1.0m capitalised in 2022). Additionally, the fair value movement of bio assets fell to a reduction of GBP0.1m in 2023 which is a combination of a slowing in the growth of our biomass and lower eggs being incubated at the end of the year, compared to an increase of GBP1.6m in 2022, as the overall value of biological assets fell versus prior year.

The previously announced strategic review of our tilapia business was completed in Q4 and as a result we sold the tilapia assets in a management buy-out. Our Genetics Services team will continue to support the ongoing development of the tilapia breeding programme on an arms-length basis. The tilapia operation had revenues of GBP0.3m in the year (2022:GBP0.6m) and an AEBITDA loss of GBP1.3m (2022: loss of GBP1.4m). We also booked exceptional costs of GBP3.9m in the year (2022: GBPnil) relating to termination of the business.

Our work to refine the shrimp genetics product line is ongoing and we have lower commercial activities during the year. Prevailing conditions in the shrimp markets have also affected this area of our business. Shrimp sales in the year of GBP1.2m were behind last year (2022: GBP2.0m) and Adjusted EBITDA losses of GBP3.6m were GBP2.0m worse than prior year, GBP1.0m of which, as noted above, was due to capitalisation of development costs for the shrimp nucleus in 2022 before it launched commercially.

R&D spend was GBP0.6m lower in the year (2023: GBP3.7m, 2022: GBP4.3m) and operating costs were higher by GBP0.6m (2023: GBP11.2m, 2022: GBP 10.6m) as the business grew. R&D reduced due to good cost optimisation in this area. R&D activities in this business area are focused on developing the traits of growth, disease resistance and sea lice resistance by selecting the best performing animals from each generation supported by cutting edge genetic technologies. The search for markers for new traits that can be included in the breeding programme continues.

The share of profits/losses from the equity accounted investees relates to the joint venture with Salmar Genetics AS where we recorded a share of profit of GBP0.03m in 2023 (2022: share of loss of GBP0.5m), and a share of losses of GBP0.2m at Benchmark Genetics Thailand (2022: share of losses of GBP0.1m). Post year- end, as part of consolidating the shrimp genetics business under Patrick Waty, Genetics has continued to establish its facilities in Chile and with overall AEBITDA losses of GBP2.9m and GBP0.1m invested in capex in these facilities in 2023 (2022: GBP3.4m and 0.6mm). These facilities have potential production capacity of 50 million eggs and is currently utilising capacity of around 30 million eggs. During the year we sold 7 million eggs.

All these factors contributed to increased AEBITDA from continuing business of GBP15.7m (2022 restated: GBP17.4m) and AEBITDA margin of 24% (2022 restated: 30%). AEBITDA from continuing business excluding fair value was the same as prior year at GBP15.8m (2022 restated: GBP15.8m) with an AEBITDA margin of 24% (2022 restated: 28%).

Advanced Nutrition

Throughout 2023, Advanced Nutrition delivered a resilient performance driven by continued commercial and customer focus. Advanced Nutrition had a good start to the year but at that stage we could already see weakening within the shrimp markets. This continued throughout the year but we have delivered strong results despite the market trends. Revenues in Advanced Nutrition decreased by only 2% in the year (7% at CER) as our strong commercial focus has allowed us to continue to strengthen our position and take increased market share even as the market has softened.

In 2023 and 2022, 73% of our revenues derived from shrimp, with the balance 27% of derived from the Mediterranean sea bass and sea bream sector. By product area, artemia revenue were GBP36.7m (2022: GBP37.4m) followed by diets GBP32.6m (2022: GBP35.3m). health which covers our probiotic and environmental pond management portfolio grew revenues by 13.6% to GBP9.2m (2022: GBP8.1m).

Gross profit of GBP43.8m (2022: GBP42.6m) showed an increase of 3% at AER but a reduction of 1% at CER after the effect of the foreign exchange tailwinds. However, good cost control and reducing logistics costs during the year along with lower cost of goods for our Artemia products helped support the resilience of the business. As a result we saw an increase in gross profit margin up from 53% to 56%. This increase in gross profit was offset in part by an increase in operating costs as we saw the full year effect of the investment made in the business during 2022. There continued to be strong cost control and where appropriate staff reductions throughout this year in light of difficult market conditions. Operating costs grew to GBP23.4m (2022: GBP21.5m). This led to Advanced Nutrition reporting AEBITDA of GBP18.4m (2022: GBP19.0m) and a slight decrease in AEBITDA margin from 24% to 23%.

Within this business area, an important barrier to entry is the access to GSL Artemia where we, through our relationship with the Great Salt Lakes Cooperative have access to 44% of the annual harvest of Artemia from the Great Salt Lakes.

Health

Health reported revenue of GBP25.5m (2022: GBP20.1m) largely reflecting increased market traction for Ectosan(R)Vet and CleanTreat(R) which represented of GBP17.2m of revenue (2022: GBP14.8m) of which GBP4.8m relates to revenue for vessel-related costs (2022: GBP2.5m). Additionally, it was a good year for our other sea lice treatment, Salmosan(R) Vet, which showed a resurgence of demand in the year driven mainly by label changes which allow longer use in certain territories and delivered revenue of GBP8.3m (2022: GBP5.4m).

Gross profit increased by GBP3.8m to GBP12.3m, driven by the increased sales from of Ectosan(R)Vet and CleanTreat(R) combined with increased margins from Salmosan(R) Vet. Gross margin increased to 48% (2022: 43%), due to increased Ectosan(R)Vet and CleanTreat(R) sales.

During the year, the focus of this business area has been to drive demand for Ectosan(R)Vet and CleanTreat(R) in Norway and also to lay the ground work for moving the Cleantreat(R) treatments away from Benchmark leased and controlled vessels, onto customer owned platforms. This will reduce the capital intensive nature of the solution and ultimately reduce costs for the customer, making it a more attractive solution to use for the treatment of sea lice. To date capacity utilisation on the Cleantreat(R) vessels varied with treatment seasonality which translated into utilisation of c.50% in each vessel during FY23. We are reviewing different options to manage capacity and optimise operations and cash flow as we transition towards fully integrated customer owned systems on wellboats. This may include reducing the exposure to the capital intensive setup we currently hold with two PSV's. With cash and cost control being a very key focus for this business area, operating costs decreased to GBP7.3m (2022: GBP8.1m) and research and development fell to GBP0.3m (2022: GBP0.4m).

Adjusted EBITDA for the business area was GBP4.8m (2022: GBP0.1m). AEBITDA margin was 19% for 2023 (2022: 1%).

Within Health and Genetics, given the commonality of customers we adopted a single sales and marketing team approach which has been in place during the financial year. To further drive these efforts, Health and Genetics were brought under common operational leadership during the year under Geir Olav Melingen. We will continue to report these as separate segments to aid in transparency of results.

Cost Inflation

As noted earlier, cost control remains of significant importance in Benchmark and in the current inflationary environment becomes even more so. During the year, we saw higher cost inflation in a number of areas, the most significant of which related to salaries. Within Health we were able to mitigate this by reducing the overall number of headcount and limiting discretionary spend. Within Genetics and Advanced Nutrition, we have, within the constraints of existing contracts, tried to increase prices and also limit discretionary spend to mitigate. Within Advanced Nutrition, a number of roles were also reorganised to make the operation leaner to best fit the current market conditions.

Exceptional items

Items that are material because of their nature whose significance is sufficient to warrant separate disclosure and identification within the consolidated financial statements are referred to as exceptional items. The separate reporting of exceptional items helps to provide an understanding of the Group's underlying performance.

 
                                           2023    2022 
                                         GBPmil  GBPmil 
                                         ======  ====== 
Aborted acquisition related items           0.6       - 
                                         ======  ====== 
Exceptional restructuring costs             0.9     1.2 
                                         ======  ====== 
Costs associated with the Oslo listing      2.6       - 
                                         ======  ====== 
Cost in relation to disposals             (0.2)   (1.2) 
                                         ======  ====== 
Total exceptional items                     3.9   (nil) 
                                         ======  ====== 
 

The above table excludes GBP3.9m of exceptionals included within discontinued operations as mentioned earlier.

Exceptional expenses in 2023 were mainly driven by legal and professional costs in relation to the dual listing on the Oslo exchange of and consideration of uplisting to the Oslo Børs of GBP2.6m. Within Health and Advanced Nutrition some restructuring occurred during the year, in Health to move towards the integration of the operational leadership and within Advanced Nutrition to adapt to the changes in the markets. This resulted in costs of GBP0.9m (2022: GBP1.2m). The costs were offset by a credit of GBP0.2m (2022: GBP1.2m) relating to additional contingent consideration received in the period following the disposal of Improve International on 23 June 2020, actually cash received was GBP1.25m related to this divestment.

Depreciation, amortisation and impairments

Depreciation and impairment of tangible assets including discontinued operations and right of use assets was GBP18.7m (2022 restated: GBP19.9m). In total, depreciation and impairment charges on right of use assets under IFRS 16 was GBP10.3m (2022 restated: GBP11.3m). The charge within discontinued operations included above was GBP0.3m (2022: GBP0.2m). Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets totalled GBP18.5m (2022: GBP19.2m). This includes an impairment charge of GBP0.5m related to some intellectual property within Health which is deemed no longer to be of value. We expect the amortisation charge to start reducing from FY25 as some of the Advanced Nutrition (INVE) assets will be fully amortised then.

Research and development

 
                                         Expensed                              Total expensed and capitalised 
                             2023                                             2023 
         GBPm          Continuing        As %        2022        As %   Continuing        As %        2022        As % 
                         business    of sales    restated    of sales     business    of sales    restated    of sales 
                      ===========  ==========  ==========  ==========  ===========  ==========  ==========  ========== 
Expensed R&D by 
business 
area 
                      ===========  ==========  ==========  ==========  ===========  ==========  ==========  ========== 
Genetics                      3.7          6%         4.3          7%          3.7          6%         5.2          9% 
                      ===========  ==========  ==========  ==========  ===========  ==========  ==========  ========== 
Advanced Nutrition            2.1          3%         2.0          2%          2.1          3%         2.1          3% 
                      ===========  ==========  ==========  ==========  ===========  ==========  ==========  ========== 
Health                        0.3          1%         0.4          2%          0.9          4%         1.0          5% 
                      ===========  ==========  ==========  ==========  ===========  ==========  ==========  ========== 
Total research and 
 development                  6.1          4%         6.7          4%          6.7          4%         8.3          5% 
                      ===========  ==========  ==========  ==========  ===========  ==========  ==========  ========== 
 

Expensed R&D activities decreased in the year by GBP0.5m with Genetics having good cost optimisation in this area while continuing to focus on improvements in the breeding nucleus. Health spending remained low due to their significantly reduced R&D programmes. Genetics' research is focused around continually developing new disease and parasitic resistant traits as well as growth traits which we can breed into our products. Advanced Nutrition's focus is on expanding our product portfolio and driving growth through product improvements.

Other operating costs

 
                                                             As %       2022       As % 
                      GBPm                        2023   of sales   restated   of sales 
Operating Expenses for continuing business by 
 Business Area 
                                                ======  =========  =========  ========= 
Genetics                                          11.2        17%       10.6        18% 
                                                ======  =========  =========  ========= 
Advanced Nutrition                                23.4        30%       21.5        27% 
                                                ======  =========  =========  ========= 
Health                                             7.3        29%        8.1        40% 
                                                ======  =========  =========  ========= 
Corporate (net)                                    3.3                   3.9 
                                                ======  =========  =========  ========= 
Total operating expenses                          45.2        27%       44.1        28% 
                                                ======  =========  =========  ========= 
 

Other operating costs within the continuing business increased from GBP44.1m in 2022 (restated) to GBP45.2m in 2023. The modest increase in costs reflects the impact of cost inflation being mitigated by good cost control and limiting discretionary spend.

Discontinued Operations

During the year we initiated a strategic review of our tilapia operations with a view to understanding the timeline to cash generation within the area of our Genetics business. As a consequence of this review we divested the business via a management buy-out in the fourth quarter of the financial year.

Net finance costs

 
                                                        2022 
                   GBPm                      2023   restated 
Interest Income                             (0.6)      (0.3) 
                                           ======  ========= 
Foreign Exchange gains                      (0.3)      (2.8) 
                                           ======  ========= 
Interest on bond and bank debt                8.4        6.2 
                                           ======  ========= 
Amortisation of deferred financing fees       0.5        1.9 
                                           ======  ========= 
Penalty for early settlement of the bond        -        1.6 
                                           ======  ========= 
Movements in hedging instruments            (2.2)        7.0 
                                           ======  ========= 
Finance lease interest                        1.6        1.6 
                                           ======  ========= 
Total net finance expenses                    7.4       15.2 
                                           ======  ========= 
 

The Group incurred net finance costs of GBP7.4m during the year (2022 restated: GBP15.2m). Included within this was interest charged on the Group's interest-bearing debt facilities of GBP8.4m (2022: GBP6.2m), the higher interest cost was due to higher utilisation of the RCF facility during the year and also higher interest coupon on the bond. In addition, a further GBP0.5m was charged on amortisation of the deferred finance costs (2022: GBP1.9m). Net foreign exchange gains of GBP0.3m (2022 restated: net gain of GBP2.8m) arose due to the movement in exchange rates on intercompany loans and external debt. Movements on the hedging instruments associated with the Group's NOK bond debt resulted in gains of GBP2.2m (2022: loss of GBP7.0m).

Statutory loss before tax

The loss before tax from continuing operations for the year at GBP12.7m is lower than the prior year (2022 restated: loss of GBP21.4m). This was a result of the positive trading result offset by higher exceptional items and lower finance costs due to changes in fair value of in-effective portion of cash flow hedges slightly offset by unfavourable foreign exchange movements.

Taxation

There was a tax charge on the loss for the year of GBP3.4m (2022: GBP7.3m), mainly due to overseas tax charges in Genetics and Advanced Nutrition in territories where no loss relief is available, partially offset by deferred tax credits on intangible assets mainly arising on consolidation from acquisitions.

Other Comprehensive Income

In addition to the loss for the year of GBP21.6m, there was a significant movement of GBP23.0m in OCI resulting from movements in the foreign exchange and hedging reserves. The forex loss of GBP23.5m was driven by USD and NOK impacting the retranslation of foreign currency denominated subsidiary balance sheets into GBP offset by amounts designated as net investment hedges, together with long term internal loans not expected to be repaid in the foreseeable future which are treated like equity with the movements going directly to reserves. These were offset by GBP0.5m credit into the hedge reserve from hedge accounting on cashflow hedges.

Transfer and cancellation of share premium

During 2023, we obtained approval via the AGM to cancel part of the share premium account and transfer it to retained earnings. This amounted to GBP394.2m. This has allowed the business to increase its distributable reserves and serves as a step towards the goal of being a cash generative group, able to issue dividends in line with its dividend policy.

Reported loss for the year

The loss for the year from the continuing business was GBP16.1m (2022 restated: loss of GBP28.7m). The total loss from continuing activities and discontinued operations was GBP21.6m (2022: GBP30.5m).

Loss per share

Basic loss and diluted loss per share were both 3.16p (2022: loss per share 4.60p). The movement year on year is due to the movement in the result as well as the increase in the weighted average number of shares in issue of 33.7m.

Dividends

No dividends have been paid or proposed in either 2023 or 2022 and the Board is not recommending a final dividend in respect of the year ended 30 September 2023.

Biological assets

A feature of the Group's net assets is its investment in biological assets, which under IAS 41 are stated at fair value. At 30 September 2023, the carrying value of biological assets was GBP46.0m (2022: GBP46.7m). This decrease is due principally to the reduction in eggs available for sale in FY24 compared to FY23, as demand for our eggs was higher at the start of FY23 while there were supply issues in the market which did not affect Benchmark. This has normalised during the year. The fair value movement on biological assets included in cost of sales for the year was a reduction of GBP0.1m (2022: uplift of GBP1.6m).

Intangibles

Additions to intangibles were GBP0.8m (2022: GBP1.9m) with the main area of investment being capitalised development costs which in the year decreased by GBP1.1m to GBP0.6m (2022: GBP1.7m). R&D costs related to products that are close to commercial launch have to be capitalised when they meet the requirements set out under IAS 38. In this financial year, the main development project capitalised was Salmosan Vet (GBP0.6m).

Capital expenditure

During 2023, to manage cash, we curtailed the investment incurred and focussed on purely business critical areas. The Group incurred tangible fixed asset additions of GBP6.0m (2022: GBP10.8m) broken down as follows:

   --    Health:                 GBP0.7m (2022: GBP2.6m) 
   --    Genetics:             GBP3.4m (2022: GBP5.6m) 
   --    Nutrition:            GBP1.9m (2022: GBP2.6m) 

Within Health, there was an increase in the provision to demobilise the Cleantreat(R) units from the current vessels of GBP0.4m and additional equipment for the existing Cleantreat(R) units of GBP0.3m. Capex associated with our Genetics business was GBP3.4m where we finished the building of new tanks at Salten to support ramping up to the 150 million egg capacity at that facility (GBP1.4m) and we continue to invest in our production footprint in Iceland and Salten. 2023 saw minimal investment in our growth initiatives in Chile and shrimp as we believe they have been sufficiently invested. In Advanced Nutrition we continued to invest in the two manufacturing facilities to support growth and operational efficiency.

Cashflow, liquidity and net debt

 
                                                             2023    2022 
  Movement in net debt                                       GBPm    GBPm 
Net debt at 30 September 2022/2021                         (73.7)  (80.9) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Cash generated from operations excluding working capital 
 and taxes paid                                              29.6    30.3 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Investment in working capital                               (1.1)  (12.0) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Capital expenditure                                         (6.8)  (12.7) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Other disposal activities                                     0.2   (0.2) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Foreign exchange on cash and debt                             4.3    10.5 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Interest and tax                                           (17.1)  (17.0) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Proceeds from previous year disposals of subsidiaries         1.3     1.5 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Acquisition of subsidiaries net of cash/debt acquired       (0.2)       - 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Investment in associates                                    (0.6)   (0.4) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Acquisition of non controlling interest                     (8.0)       - 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Additions to/modifications of leases (IFRS 16)              (3.7)  (11.5) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Shares issued                                                10.9    20.2 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Other non-cash movements                                    (0.6)   (1.5) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
Net debt at 30 September 2023/2022                         (65.5)  (73.7) 
                                                           ======  ====== 
 

Cash flow

With improved trading in the business, we saw strong cash generated from operations of GBP29.6m (2022: GBP30.3m). During 2023 with significant focus on cash conservation, we restricted the investment in working capital to GBP1.1m versus an outflow last year GBP12.0m. Interest and taxes were in line with last year. Capital expenditure, both intangible and tangible, showed a significant decrease of GBP5.9m to GBP6.8m (2022: GBP12.7m) as we continue to moderate our capex.

Working capital

Working capital has reduced slightly in the period driven by a number of factors. We can see the impact of foreign exchange on the balance sheet as noted above in the other comprehensive income section and this impacted the working capital balances at 30 September 2023, but our investment in working capital was more moderate this year as can be seen in the cash flow.

We noted earlier the decrease in biological assets within the genetics areas. Other Inventories fell in Advanced Nutrition as we had less GSL Artemia in inventory than previous years.

In Health, we had transferred the CleanTreat(R) equipment into inventory in 2022 but we had lower levels of inventory of Salmosan(R) Vet than 2022.

Trade debtors and creditors, of course, increased as a result of increased sales but trade debtors decreased as a percentage of sales from 20% to 16% in the year. Trade payables were 20% higher than last year as expected from higher level of costs both from activity levels and from cost inflation.

A significant amount of cash is tied up with the working capital of the group and focus will continue to be on releasing that investment in the years to come.

Refinancing and borrowing facilities

The Group has a senior unsecured green bond issue of NOK 750 million, with an expected maturity date of 27 September 2025. The bond has a coupon of three months NIBOR* + 6.5% p.a. with quarterly interest payments. The Group also had a USD 15m revolving credit facility ("RCF") which was due to mature in December 2022 and had GBP4m drawn at 30 September 2022. During the year, this RCF was refinanced by a new GBP20m RCF on 21 November 2022 with a June 2025 maturity. The interest rate on the facility is between 2.5% and 3.25% above compound interest rate depending on leverage. At 30 September 2023, there was GBP7.75m drawn on this facility (2022: GBP4.0m).

There are other borrowing facilities held within Benchmark Genetics Salten AS which were originally put in place to fund the building of the Salten salmon eggs facility. On 1 November 2022 the term loan facility outstanding balance and the overdraft facility provided by Nordea were refinanced into one facility totalling NOK179.5m with a maturity date of January 2028. The margin on the new facility is 2.5%. In addition, a working capital facility of NOK 20.0m (renewal annually in March) is in place for use solely by Benchmark Genetics Salten AS. This facility is undrawn (2022: undrawn). Two additional ten-year term loans of NOK 25,000,000 and NOK 30,000,000 respectively provided by Innovasjon Norge in 2018. These loans currently have a flat interest rate of 5.95% per annum.

Cash and total debt

Net debt

 
       GBPm           2023    2022 
Cash                  36.5    36.4 
                    ======  ====== 
NOK 750m bond       (57.6)  (62.0) 
                    ======  ====== 
Other borrowings    (24.5)  (21.8) 
                    ======  ====== 
Lease liabilities   (19.9)  (26.3) 
                    ======  ====== 
Net debt            (65.5)  (73.7) 
                    ======  ====== 
 

The RCF combined with the year-end cash balance of GBP36.5m (2022: GBP36.4m) means the Group had total liquidity of GBP48.8m (2022: GBP45.8m). This, while utilising tight cost and cash control, is expected by the Directors to provide the Group with sufficient liquidity to fund the investment and working capital required to crystalise the growth opportunities which are part of the strategic priorities of the Group and provide adequate headroom.

Equity raise and Oslo Euronext Growth Listing

In December 2022, GBP10.8m net proceeds were raised through a placing to provide the Company with sufficient free float to establish a listing on Oslo Euronext Growth. The listing was completed on 15 December 2022 and we have remained dual listed since that time. During 2023, the Board considered an uplisting to Oslo Børs but ultimately through shareholder consultation, the decision was made to remain dual listed on Euronext Growth and AIM. The proceeds of this equity raise facilitated us in having sufficient available cash to purchase the minority interest in our Icelandic operation.

Covenants

Banking covenants for the NOK bond and RCF exist in relation to liquidity and an 'equity ratio'. Liquidity, defined as 'freely available and unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, including any undrawn amounts under the RCF', must always exceed the minimum liquidity value, set at GBP10m. Available liquidity at 30 September 2023 is GBP48.8m (2022: GBP45.8m). The equity ratio, defined as 'the ratio of Book Equity to Total Assets' must always exceed 40%. The equity ratio at 30 September 2023 was 60% (2022: 61%). In addition, an equity to asset ratio covenant exists for the Benchmark Genetics Salten AS debt with a target threshold of 40%, this equity to asset ratio was 60.0% at 30 September 2023 (2022: 51.3%).

Acquisition of Iceland minority Interest

In December 2014 Benchmark acquired an 89.48% interest in Stofnfiskur, subsequently rebranding it Benchmark Genetics Iceland. Since the acquisition, the business has grown substantially, benefitting from Benchmark's leading market position, investment and knowledge transfer within the Group. In February 2023, we acquired the remaining 10.52% minority interest in Benchmark Genetics Iceland for a consideration of EUR9m. This acquisition is strategically important as Benchmark Genetics Iceland is core to the Company's ability to supply highly specialist, biosecure salmon eggs year-round to salmon producers in c.25 countries around the world. Benchmark Genetics Iceland represents 50% of the Group's salmon egg capacity.

Going concern

As at 30 September 2023 the Group had net assets of GBP282.6m (2022: GBP323.3m), including cash of GBP36.5m (2022: GBP36.4m) as set out in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Group made a loss for the year of GBP21.6m (2022: GBP30.5m). As at 30 September 2023 the Company had net assets of GBP363.2m (2022: GBP346.6), including cash of GBP0.3m (2022: GBP3.2m) as set out on the Company Balance Sheet. The Company made a loss for the year of GBP4.2m (2022: GBP16.5m).

As noted in the Strategic Report, the business has performed steadily during the year, showing resilience to some tough market conditions towards the end of the year. The Directors have reviewed forecasts and cash flow projections for a period of at least 12 months including downside sensitivity assumptions in relation to trading performance across the Group to assess the impact on the Group's trading and cash flow forecasts and on the forecast compliance with the covenants included within the Group's financing arrangements.

In the downside analysis performed, the Directors considered severe but plausible scenarios on the Group's trading and cash flow forecasts, firstly in relation to continued roll out of the Ectosan(R) Vet and CleanTreat(R) offering. Sensitivities considered included modelling slower ramp up of the commercialisation of Ectosan(R) Vet and CleanTreat(R) through delayed roll-out of the revised operating model for the service, together with reductions in expected biomass treated and reduction in short-term treatment capacity. Key downside sensitivities modelled in other areas included assumptions on slower commercialisation of SPR shrimp, slower salmon egg sales growth in Chile and removal of an additional financing opportunity within Genetics, along with sensitivities on sales growth in revenues and pressure on pricing on CIS artemia in Advanced Nutrition. Mitigating measures within the control of management have been identified should they be required in response to these sensitivities, including reductions in areas of discretionary spend, tight control over new hires, deferral of capital projects and temporary hold on R&D for non-imminent products.

The refinancing exercise which commenced in FY22 was completed at the start of FY23, so that adequate finance facilities are in place, and with financial instruments in place to fix interest rates and opportunities available to mitigate globally high inflation rates, the Group continues to show resilience against current global economic pressures. The Directors are therefore confident that even under all of the above sensitivity analysis, the Group has sufficient liquidity and resources throughout the period under review whilst still maintaining adequate headroom against the borrowing covenants. They therefore remain confident that the Group has adequate resources to continue to meet its liabilities as and when they fall due within the period of 12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements. Based on their assessment, the Directors believe it remains appropriate to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis.

Consolidated Income Statement

for the year ended 30 September 2023

 
                                                                                         2022 
                                                                     2023           Restated* 
                                                                     GBP000            GBP000 
======================================================  ===================  ================ 
 Revenue                                                       169,476              157,707 
 Cost of sales                                                  (82,726)             (73,777) 
=====================================================   ===================  ================ 
Gross profit                                                         86,750            83,930 
Research and development costs                                      (6,069)           (6,634) 
Other operating costs                                              (45,157)          (44,095) 
Share of (loss)/profit of equity-accounted investees, 
 net of tax                                                            (32)             (595) 
======================================================  ===================  ================ 
Adjusted EBITDA(2)                                                   35,492            32,606 
Exceptional - restructuring/acquisition 
 and disposal related items                            4            (3,904)                16 
=====================================================   ===================  ================ 
EBITDA(1)                                                            31,588            32,622 
Depreciation and impairment                                        (18,409)          (19,692) 
Amortisation and impairment                                        (18,495)          (19,161) 
=====================================================   ===================  ================ 
Operating loss                                                      (5,316)           (6,231) 
Finance cost                                           3           (15,048)          (19,893) 
Finance income                                         3              7,670             4,741 
=====================================================   ===================  ================ 
Loss before taxation                                               (12,694)          (21,383) 
Tax on loss                                                         (3,365)           (7,268) 
=====================================================   ===================  ================ 
Loss from continuing operations                                    (16,059)          (28,651) 
Discontinued operations 
Loss from discontinued operations, net of 
 tax                                                   5            (5,505)           (1,800) 
=====================================================   ===================  ================ 
                                                                   (21,564)          (30,451) 
======================================================  ===================  ================ 
Loss for the year attributable to: 
- Owners of the parent                                             (23,146)          (32,087) 
- Non-controlling interest                                            1,582             1,636 
=====================================================   ===================  ================ 
                                                                   (21,564)          (30,451) 
======================================================  ===================  ================ 
Earnings per share 
Basic loss per share (pence)                           6             (3.16)            (4.60) 
Diluted loss per share (pence)                         6             (3.16)            (4.60) 
=====================================================   ===================  ================ 
Earnings per share - continuing operations 
Basic loss per share (pence)                           6             (2.41)            (4.34) 
Diluted loss per share (pence)                         6             (2.41)            (4.34) 
-----------------------------------------------------   -------------------  ---------------- 
 
                                                                     GBP000            GBP000 
======================================================  ===================  ================ 
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations                           35,492            32,606 
======================================================  ===================  ================ 
Adjusted EBITDA from discontinued operations                        (1,254)           (1,425) 
======================================================  ===================  ================ 
Total Adjusted EBITDA                                                34,238            31,181 
======================================================  ===================  ================ 
 
   1.     EBITDA - earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation and impairment. 
   2.     Adjusted EBITDA - EBITDA before exceptional and acquisition-related items. 

* 2022 numbers have been restated to reflect certain operations of the Group that have been classified as discontinued operations during the year in line with IFRS 5

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

for the year ended 30 September 2023

 
                                                                    2023                2022 
                                                                     GBP000              GBP000 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
Loss for the year                                                  (21,564)            (30,451) 
Other comprehensive income 
Items that are or may be reclassified subsequently 
 to profit or loss 
Foreign exchange translation differences                           (23,475)              47,606 
Cash flow hedges - changes in fair value                            (2,123)               2,627 
Cash flow hedges - reclassified to profit or loss                     2,623               2,546 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
Total comprehensive income for the period                          (44,539)              22,328 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
Total comprehensive income for the period attributable 
 to: 
- Owners of the parent                                             (45,404)              20,326 
- Non-controlling interest                                              865               2,002 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
                                                                   (44,539)              22,328 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
Total comprehensive income for the period attributable 
 to owners of the parent: 
- Continuing operations                                            (39,777)              21,509 
- Discontinued operations*                                          (5,627)             (1,183) 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
                                                                   (45,404)              20,326 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 

* Total comprehensive income for the period relating to discontinued operations for FY23 includes the loss of GBP5,505,000 (2022: GBP1,800,000) and foreign exchange loss of GBP122,000 (2022: gain of GBP617,000).

Consolidated Balance Sheet

as at 30 September 2023

 
                                                             2023                2022 
                                           Notes              GBP000              GBP000 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
Assets 
Property, plant and equipment                  7              73,411              81,900 
Right-of-use assets                            8              19,804              27,034 
Intangible assets                              9             206,077             245,264 
Equity-accounted investees                                     3,558               3,113 
Other investments                                                 14                  15 
Biological and agricultural assets            11              18,406              20,878 
============================================      ==================  ================== 
Non-current assets                                           321,270             378,204 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
Inventories                                                   25,269              29,813 
Biological and agricultural assets            11              27,586              25,780 
Trade and other receivables                   10              59,795              56,377 
Cash and cash equivalents                                     36,525              36,399 
============================================      ==================  ================== 
                                                             149,175             148,369 
Assets held for sale                                             850                   - 
============================================      ==================  ================== 
Current assets                                               150,025             148,369 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
Total assets                                                 471,295             526,573 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
Liabilities 
Trade and other payables                      13            (47,329)            (44,324) 
Loans and borrowings                          14            (20,045)            (17,091) 
Corporation tax liability                                    (6,422)            (10,211) 
Provisions                                                   (1,280)             (1,631) 
============================================      ==================  ================== 
Current liabilities                                         (75,076)            (73,257) 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
Loans and borrowings                          14            (81,954)            (93,045) 
Other payables                                13             (6,842)             (8,996) 
Deferred tax                                                (24,106)            (27,990) 
Provisions                                                     (700)                   - 
============================================      ==================  ================== 
Non-current liabilities                                    (113,602)           (130,031) 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
Total liabilities                                          (188,678)           (203,288) 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
Net assets                                                   282,617             323,285 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
Issued capital and reserves attributable 
 to owners of the parent 
Share capital                                                    739                 704 
Additional paid-in capital                                    37,428             420,824 
Capital redemption reserve                                         5                   5 
Retained earnings                                            183,489           (185,136) 
Hedging reserve                                                (203)               (703) 
Foreign exchange reserve                                      54,947              77,705 
============================================      ==================  ================== 
Equity attributable to owners of the parent                  276,405             313,399 
Non-controlling interest                                       6,212               9,886 
============================================      ==================  ================== 
Total equity and reserves                                    282,617             323,285 
================================================  ==================  ================== 
 

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 29 November 2023 and were signed on its behalf by:

Septima Maguire

Chief Financial Officer

Company number: 04115910

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

for the year ended 30 September 2023

 
                                                                                         Total 
                                     Additional                                   attributable 
                                        paid-in                                      to equity          Non- 
                              Share       share      Other   Hedging   Retained        holders   controlling     Total 
                            capital     capital   reserves   reserve   earnings      of parent      interest    equity 
                             GBP000      GBP000     GBP000    GBP000     GBP000         GBP000        GBP000    GBP000 
========================= 
As at 1 October 2021            670     400,682     30,470   (5,876)  (154,231)        271,715         7,884   279,599 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Comprehensive income for 
 the year 
(Loss)/profit for the 
 year                             -           -          -         -   (32,087)       (32,087)         1,636  (30,451) 
Other comprehensive 
 income                           -           -     47,240     5,173          -         52,413           366    52,779 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Total comprehensive 
 income 
 for the year                     -           -     47,240     5,173   (32,087)         20,326         2,002    22,328 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Contributions by and 
distributions 
to owners 
Share issue                      34      20,704          -         -          -         20,738             -    20,738 
Share issue costs 
 recognised 
 through equity                   -       (562)          -         -          -          (562)             -     (562) 
Share-based payment               -           -          -         -      1,182          1,182             -     1,182 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Total contributions by 
 and 
 distributions to owners         34      20,142          -         -      1,182         21,358             -    21,358 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Changes in ownership 
Acquisition of NCI                -           -          -         -          -              -             -         - 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Total changes in 
ownership 
interests                         -           -          -         -          -              -             -         - 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Total transactions with 
 owners of the Company           34      20,142          -         -      1,182         21,358             -    21,358 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
As at 30 September 2022         704     420,824     77,710     (703)  (185,136)        313,399         9,886   323,285 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Comprehensive income for 
 the year 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
(Loss)/profit for the 
 period                           -           -          -         -   (23,146)       (23,146)         1,582  (21,564) 
Other comprehensive 
 income                           -           -   (22,758)       500          -       (22,258)         (717)  (22,975) 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Total comprehensive 
 income 
 for the year                     -           -   (22,758)       500   (23,146)       (45,404)           865  (44,539) 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Contributions by and 
distributions 
to owners 
Share issue                      35      12,985          -         -          -         13,020             -    13,020 
Share issue costs 
 recognised 
 through equity                   -     (2,146)          -         -          -        (2,146)             -   (2,146) 
Cancellation of part of 
 share 
 premium account                  -   (394,235)          -         -    394,235              -             -         - 
Share-based payment               -           -          -         -      1,006          1,006             -     1,006 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Total contributions by 
 and 
 distributions to owners         35   (383,396)          -         -    395,241         11,880             -    11,880 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Changes in ownership 
Acquisition of NCI                -           -          -         -    (3,470)        (3,470)       (4,359)   (8,009) 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Total changes in 
 ownership 
 interests                        -           -          -         -    (3,470)        (3,470)       (4,359)   (8,009) 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
Total transactions with 
 owners of the Company           35   (383,396)          -         -    391,771          8,410       (4,539)   (8,009) 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
As at 30 September 2023         739      37,428     54,952     (203)    183,489        276,405         6,212   282,617 
=========================  ========  ==========  =========  ========  =========  =============  ============  ======== 
 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

for the year ended 30 September 2023

 
                                                                    2023                2022 
                                                  Notes              GBP000              GBP000 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 Cash flows from operating activities 
 Loss for the year                                                 (21,564)            (30,451) 
 Adjustments for: 
 Depreciation and impairment of property, 
  plant and equipment                                                 8,453               8,602 
 Depreciation and impairment of right-of-use 
  assets                                                             10,260              11,293 
 Other adjustments for non-cash items                                     -               (276) 
 Amortisation and impairment of intangible 
  fixed assets                                                       18,495              19,161 
 Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment                      (121)                (43) 
 Loss on sale of discontinued operation                               3,774                   - 
 Finance income                                                     (2,802)               (319) 
 Finance costs                                                       10,535              18,437 
 Increase in fair value of contingent consideration 
  receivable                                                              -             (1,203) 
 Share of loss of equity-accounted investees, 
  net of tax                                                             32                 595 
 Foreign exchange gains                                             (1,814)             (3,985) 
 Share-based payment expense                                          1,005               1,182 
 Tax expense                                                          3,365               7,274 
 Increase in trade and other receivables                            (6,570)             (8,511) 
 Decrease/(increase) in inventories                                   2,877             (5,406) 
 Increase in biological and agricultural 
  assets                                                            (1,659)             (6,099) 
 Increase in trade and other payables                                 3,909               6,948 
 Increase in provisions                                                 386               1,058 
=======================================================  ------------------  ================== 
                                                                     28,561              18,257 
 Income taxes paid                                                  (8,556)             (7,447) 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 Net cash flows generated from operating activities                  20,005              10,810 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 Investing activities 
 Acquisition of subsidiaries                                           (48)                   - 
 Purchase of investments in associates                                (558)               (378) 
 Receipts from disposal of subsidiaries                               1,250               1,544 
 Purchases of property, plant and equipment                         (5,953)            (10,808) 
 Purchase of intangibles                                              (196)               (205) 
 Capitalised research and development costs                           (632)             (1,708) 
 Proceeds from sale of fixed assets                                     227                 220 
 Cash receipts from swap contracts                                       11                   - 
 Interest received                                                      627                 119 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 Net cash flows used in investing activities                        (5,272)            (11,216) 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 Financing activities 
 Proceeds of share issues                                            13,020              20,737 
 Share-issue costs recognised through equity                        (2,146)               (562) 
 Acquisition of minority interests in subsidiaries                  (8,009)                   - 
 Proceeds from bank or other borrowings                              21,847              67,939 
 Repayment of bank or other borrowings                             (18,470)            (74,874) 
 Interest and finance charges paid                                  (9,131)             (9,629) 
 Repayments of lease liabilities                                    (9,438)            (10,533) 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 Net cash used in financing activities                             (12,327)             (6,922) 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents                 2,406             (7,328) 
 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year                      36,399              39,460 
 Effect of movements in exchange rate                               (2,280)               4,267 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year                            36,525              36,399 
=======================================================  ==================  ================== 
 
   1.     Basis of preparation 

These audited results have been prepared on the basis of the accounting policies which are to be set out in Benchmark Holdings Plc's annual report and financial statements for the year ended 30 September 2023. Those policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented unless otherwise stated.

These Group and parent company financial statements were prepared and approved by the Directors in accordance with (i) UK-adopted International Accounting Standards and (ii) IFRS adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 as it applied in the European Union ("Adopted IFRS"). While the financial information included in this preliminary statement has been prepared on the basis of the requirements of IFRSs in issue, this statement does not itself contain sufficient information to comply with IFRS.

The financial information set out above does not constitute the company's statutory accounts for the years ended 30 September 2023 or 2022 but is derived from those accounts. Statutory accounts for 2022 have been delivered to the registrar of companies, and those for 2023 will be delivered in due course. The auditor has reported on those accounts. The auditor's reports for 2023 and for 2002 were both (i) unqualified and (ii) did not contain a statement under section 498(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.

The financial statements are prepared on the historical cost basis except that the following assets and liabilities are stated at their fair value: certain financial assets and financial liabilities (including contingent consideration receivable and derivatives) and biological assets measured at fair value. Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale are stated at the lower of previous carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

Going concern

As at 30 September 2023 the Group had net assets of GBP282.6m (2022: GBP323.3m), including cash of GBP36.5m (2022: GBP36.4m) as set out in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Group made a loss for the year of GBP21.6m (2022: GBP30.5m).

As noted in the Strategic Report, the business has performed steadily during the year, showing resilience to some tough market conditions towards the end of the year. The Directors have reviewed forecasts and cash flow projections for a period of at least 12 months including downside sensitivity assumptions in relation to trading performance across the Group to assess the impact on the Group's trading and cash flow forecasts and on the forecast compliance with the covenants included within the Group's financing arrangements.

In the downside analysis performed, the Directors considered severe but plausible scenarios on the Group's trading and cash flow forecasts, firstly in relation to continued roll out of the Ectosan(R)Vet and CleanTreat offering. Sensitivities considered included modelling slower ramp up of the commercialisation of Ectosan(R) Vet and CleanTreat(R) through delayed roll-out of the revised operating model for the service, together with reductions in expected biomass treated and reduction in short-term treatment capacity. Key downside sensitivities modelled in other areas included assumptions on slower commercialisation of SPR shrimp, slower salmon egg sales growth in Chile and removal of an additional financing opportunity within Genetics, along with sensitivities on sales growth in revenues and pressure on pricing on CIS artemia in Advanced Nutrition. Mitigating measures within the control of management have been identified should they be required in response to these sensitivities, including reductions in areas of discretionary spend, tight control over new hires, deferral of capital projects and temporary hold on R&D for non-imminent

products.

The refinancing exercise which commenced in FY22 was completed at the start of FY23, so that adequate finance facilities are in place, and with financial instruments in place to fix interest rates and opportunities available to mitigate globally high inflation rates, the Group continues to show resilience against current global economic pressures. The Directors are therefore confident that even under all of the above sensitivity analysis, the Group has sufficient liquidity and resources throughout the period under review whilst still maintaining adequate headroom against the borrowing covenants. They therefore remain confident that the Group has adequate resources to continue to meet its liabilities as and when they fall due within the period of 12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements. Based on their assessment, the Directors believe it remains appropriate to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis.

   2.     Segment information 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the reports made to the chief operating decision maker. It is considered that the role of chief operating decision maker is performed by the Board of Directors.

The Group operates globally and for management purposes is organised into reportable segments based on the following business areas:

- Genetics - harnesses industry leading salmon breeding technologies combined with state-of-the-art production facilities to provide a range of year-round high genetic merit ova.

- Advanced Nutrition - manufactures and provides technically advanced nutrition and health products to the global aquaculture industry.

   -       Health -the segment focuses on providing health products to the global aquaculture market. 

In order to reconcile the segmental analysis to the Consolidated Income Statement, corporate and inter-segment sales are also shown. Corporate sales represent revenues earned from recharging certain central costs to the operating business areas, together with unallocated central costs.

Measurement of operating segment profit or loss

Inter-segment sales are priced along the same lines as sales to external customers, with an appropriate discount being applied to encourage use of Group resources at a rate acceptable to local tax authorities. This policy was applied consistently throughout the current and prior period.

 
                                                                                              Inter- 
                                                        Advanced                             segment 
                                          Genetics     Nutrition    Health  Corporate          sales       Total 
  Year ended 30 September 2023              GBP000        GBP000    GBP000     GBP000         GBP000      GBP000 
========================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Revenue                                     65,791        78,503    25,514      5,747        (5,811)     169,744 
Cost of sales                             (35,876)      (34,704)  (13,173)          -             54    (83,699) 
========================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Gross profit / (loss)                       29,915        43,799    12,341      5,747        (5,757)      86,045 
Research and development costs             (3,778)       (2,071)     (279)          -              -     (6,128) 
Operating costs                           (11,696)      (23,354)   (7,290)    (9,064)          5,757    (45,647) 
Share of profit of equity-accounted 
 investees, net of tax                        (32)             -         -          -              -        (32) 
========================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Adjusted EBITDA                             14,409        18,374     4,772    (3,317)              -      34,238 
Exceptional - restructuring/acquisition 
 and disposal related items                (3,913)         (920)     (509)    (2,475)              -     (7,817) 
========================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
EBITDA                                      10,496        17,454     4,263    (5,792)              -      26,421 
Depreciation and impairment                (4,703)       (2,437)  (11,559)       (14)              -    (18,713) 
Amortisation and impairment                (1,894)      (14,269)   (2,329)        (3)              -    (18,495) 
========================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Operating profit / (loss)                    3,899           748   (9,625)    (5,809)              -    (10,787) 
Finance cost                                                                                            (15,082) 
Finance income                                                                                             7,670 
========================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Loss before tax                                                                                         (18,199) 
========================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
 
 
                                                                                        Inter- 
                                                  Advanced                             segment 
                                    Genetics     Nutrition    Health  Corporate          sales         Total 
  Year ended 30 September 2022        GBP000        GBP000    GBP000     GBP000         GBP000        GBP000 
==================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ============ 
Revenue                               58,008        80,286    20,135      5,120        (5,272)     158,277 
Cost of sales                       (25,971)      (37,733)  (11,544)          4             95    (75,149) 
==================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Gross profit / (loss)                 32,037        42,553     8,591      5,124        (5,177)      83,128 
Research and development costs       (4,329)       (1,990)     (372)          -              -     (6,691) 
Operating costs                     (11,133)      (21,546)   (8,111)    (9,048)          5,177    (44,661) 
Share of profit of 
 equity-accounted 
 investees, net of tax                 (595)             -         -          -              -       (595) 
==================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Adjusted EBITDA                       15,980        19,017       108    (3,924)              -      31,181 
Exceptional - 
 restructuring/acquisition 
 and disposal related items                -         (220)        18        218              -          16 
==================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
EBITDA                                15,980        18,797       126    (3,706)              -      31,197 
Depreciation and impairment          (5,322)       (2,236)  (12,251)       (88)              -    (19,897) 
Amortisation and impairment          (1,695)      (15,000)   (2,463)        (3)              -    (19,161) 
==================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Operating profit / (loss)              8,963         1,561  (14,588)    (3,797)              -     (7,861) 
Finance cost                                                                                      (20,057) 
Finance income                                                                                       4,741 
==================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
Loss before tax                                                                                   (23,177) 
==================================  ========  ============  ========  =========  =============  ========== 
 
 

Non-current assets by location of assets

 
                    2023     2022 
                  GBP000   GBP000 
---------------  -------  ------- 
Belgium          144,344  173,136 
Norway            74,541   83,752 
UK                29,690   42,373 
Iceland           37,631   39,448 
Rest of Europe     1,017      953 
Rest of world     34,047   38,543 
---------------  -------  ------- 
                 321,270  378,204 
---------------  -------  ------- 
 
   3.     Net finance costs 
 
                                                                                           2022 
                                                                             2023      Restated 
  Continuing operations                                                       GBP000     GBP000 
================================================================  ==================  ========= 
Interest received on bank deposits                                               627        319 
Foreign exchange gains on financing activities                                   158      4,422 
Foreign exchange gains on operating activities                                 4,709          - 
Cash flow hedges - ineffective portion of changes in fair 
 value                                                                         2,176          - 
================================================================  ==================  ========= 
Finance income                                                                 7,670      4,741 
================================================================  ==================  ========= 
Leases (interest portion)                                                    (1,620)    (1,580) 
Cash flow hedges - re-classified from OCI                                          -    (2,546) 
Cash flow hedges - in-effective portion of changes in fair 
 value                                                                             -    (4,475) 
Foreign exchange losses on operating activities                              (4,547)    (1,620) 
Interest expense on financial liabilities measured at amortised 
 cost                                                                        (8,881)    (9,672) 
================================================================  ==================  ========= 
Finance costs                                                               (15,048)   (19,893) 
================================================================  ==================  ========= 
Net finance costs recognised in profit or loss                               (7,378)   (15,152) 
================================================================  ==================  ========= 
 
   4.     Exceptional items - restructuring, acquisition and disposal related items 

Items that are material because of their nature, non-recurring or whose significance is sufficient to warrant separate disclosure and identification within the consolidated financial statements are referred to as exceptional items. The separate reporting of exceptional items helps to provide an understanding of the Group's underlying performance.

 
                                         2023       2022 
                                       GBP000     GBP000 
==================================  =========  ========= 
  Acquisition related items               652          - 
  Exceptional restructuring costs       3,470      1,229 
  Disposal related items                (218)    (1,245) 
==================================  =========  ========= 
  Total exceptional items               3,904       (16) 
==================================  =========  ========= 
 

Acquisition related items comprise fees incurred in the year in connection with an aborted acquisition.

Exceptional costs include: GBP2,598,000 (2022: GBP843,000) of legal and professional costs in relation to preparing for listing the Group on the Oslo stock exchange, and GBP872,000 (2022: GBP276,000) relating to restructuring costs.

Disposal related items include a credit of GBP235,000 (2022: GBP1,203,000) in relation to additional contingent consideration received and receivable from disposals in previous years (GBP294,000 relating to the disposal of Aquaculture UK on 7 February 2020, and GBP909,000 relating to the disposal of Improve International Limited and its subsidiaries on 23 June 2020) together with legal fees, lease costs and disposal items (net of proceeds received) totalling GBP17,000 relating to additional costs and disposals proceeds relating to disposals that occurred in 2020.

   5.     Discontinued operations 

During the year, the group divested its tilapia business for consideration of USD 1 in a management buy out. Consequently, these operations have been classified as discontinued in the current year with a corresponding restatement of the consolidated income statement and OCI for the year ended 30 September 2022 to reflect these changes.

Summary of restatement of FY22 results as reported in FY22 financial statements

 
                                                                                      Discontinued 
                                                     Continuing operations              operations 
===========================================  ====================================  =============== 
                                                                        Loss from        Loss from 
                                                          Adjusted     continuing     discontinued 
                                               Revenue      EBITDA     operations       operations 
                                                GBP000      GBP000         GBP000           GBP000 
=========================================== 
As stated in financial year 2022 financial 
 statements                                    158,277      31,181       (30,451)                - 
Reclassified in financial year 2023              (570)       1,425          1,800          (1,800) 
As stated in financial year 2023 financial 
 statements                                    157,707      32,606       (28,651)          (1,800) 
===========================================  =========  ==========  =============  =============== 
 
 
                                                            Restated 
                                                   2023         2022 
                                                    GBP000    GBP000 
======================================  ==================  ======== 
Revenue                                                268       570 
Cost of sales                                        (973)   (1,372) 
======================================  ==================  ======== 
Gross profit                                         (705)     (802) 
Research and development costs                        (59)      (57) 
Other operating costs                                (490)     (566) 
======================================  ==================  ======== 
Adjusted EBITDA                                    (1,254)   (1,425) 
Exceptional loss on disposal                       (3,913)         - 
======================================  ==================  ======== 
EBITDA                                             (5,167)   (1,425) 
Depreciation and impairment                          (304)     (205) 
======================================  ==================  ======== 
Operating loss / Loss before taxation              (5,471)   (1,630) 
Net finance costs                                     (34)     (164) 
======================================  ==================  ======== 
Loss before taxation                               (5,505)   (1,794) 
Tax on loss                                              -       (6) 
======================================  ==================  ======== 
Loss from discontinued operations                  (5,505)   (1,800) 
======================================  ==================  ======== 
 

Exceptional items within discontinued operations

 
                                                                 2022 
                                                    2023     Restated 
                                                    GBP000     GBP000 
=====================================  ===================  ========= 
Loss on disposal of trade and assets                 3,774          - 
Other costs relating to disposals                      139          - 
=====================================  ===================  ========= 
Total exceptional loss on disposal                   3,913          - 
=====================================  ===================  ========= 
 

Cash flows from discontinued operations

 
                                                2023     2022 
                                              GBP000   GBP000 
===========================================  =======  ======= 
Net cash flow from operating activities      (1,609)  (1,312) 
Net cash flow from investing activities         (27)    (341) 
Net cash flow from financing activities        (106)       77 
===========================================  =======  ======= 
Net cash flow from discontinued operations   (1,742)  (1,576) 
===========================================  =======  ======= 
 

Results from discontinued operations by segment

The results from discontinued operations relate solely to the Genetics operating segment.

Impact on the Group Consolidated Income Statement for the year ended 30 September 2023

 
                                                        2023           2023       2023 
                                                  Continuing   Discontinued      Total 
                                                      GBP000         GBP000     GBP000 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Revenue                                              169,476            268    169,744 
 Cost of sales                                      (82,726)          (973)   (83,699) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Gross profit                                          86,750          (705)     86,045 
Research and development costs                       (6,069)           (59)    (6,128) 
Other operating costs                               (45,157)          (490)   (45,647) 
Share of profit of equity-accounted investees, 
 net of tax                                             (32)              -       (32) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Adjusted EBITDA                                       35,492        (1,254)     34,238 
Exceptional - restructuring, acquisition and 
 disposal related items                              (3,904)        (3,913)    (7,817) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
EBITDA                                                31,588        (5,167)     26,421 
Depreciation and impairment                         (18,409)          (304)   (18,713) 
Amortisation and impairment                         (18,495)              -   (18,495) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Operating loss                                       (5,316)        (5,471)   (10,787) 
Net finance costs                                    (7,378)           (34)    (7,412) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Loss before taxation                                (12,694)        (5,505)   (18,199) 
Tax on loss                                          (3,365)              -    (3,365) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Loss after tax for the financial period             (16,059)        (5,505)   (21,564) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
 

Impact on the Group Consolidated Income Statement for the year ended 30 September 2022

 
                                                        2022           2022       2022 
                                                  Continuing   Discontinued      Total 
                                                    Restated       Restated   Restated 
                                                      GBP000         GBP000     GBP000 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Revenue                                              157,707            570    158,277 
Cost of sales                                       (73,777)        (1,372)   (75,149) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Gross profit                                          83,930          (802)     83,128 
Research and development costs                       (6,634)           (57)    (6,691) 
Other operating costs                               (44,095)          (566)   (44,661) 
Share of profit of equity-accounted investees, 
 net of tax                                            (595)              -      (595) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Adjusted EBITDA                                       32,606        (1,425)     31,181 
Exceptional - restructuring, acquisition and 
 disposal related items                                   16              -         16 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
EBITDA                                                32,622        (1,425)     31,197 
Depreciation and impairment                         (19,692)          (205)   (19,897) 
Amortisation and impairment                         (19,161)              -   (19,161) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Operating loss                                       (6,231)        (1,630)    (7,861) 
Net finance costs                                   (15,152)          (164)   (15,316) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Loss before taxation                                (21,383)        (1,794)   (23,177) 
Tax on loss                                          (7,268)            (6)    (7,274) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
Loss after tax for the financial period             (28,651)        (1,800)   (30,451) 
===============================================  ===========  =============  ========= 
 

Effects of business disposals on the financial position of the Group

On 30 September, the tilapia businesses of a Group's subsidiary was disposed of for consideration of USD 1. The assets sold are

highlighted in the table below.

 
                                                                Tilapia 
                                                                 GBP000 
==============================================================  ======= 
Assets 
Property, plant and equipment (including Right of use assets)       738 
Intangible assets                                                 3,036 
==============================================================  ======= 
Net assets and liabilities                                        3,774 
==============================================================  ======= 
Total consideration                                                   - 
Consideration received in cash                                        - 
Cash and cash equivalents disposed of                                 - 
==============================================================  ======= 
Net cash inflow/(outflow)                                             - 
==============================================================  ======= 
 
   6.     Loss per share 

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the Company by the

weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period.

 
                                                   2023                                2022 
==================================  ==================================  ================================== 
                                    Continuing  Discontinued     Total  Continuing  Discontinued     Total 
==================================  ==========  ============  ========  ==========  ============  ======== 
Loss attributable to equity 
 holders of the parent (GBP000)       (17,641)       (5,505)  (23,146)    (30,287)       (1,800)  (32,087) 
Weighted average number of shares 
 in issue (thousands)                                          731,935                             698,233 
Basic loss per share (pence)            (2.41)        (0.75)    (3.16)      (4.34)        (0.26)    (4.60) 
----------------------------------  ----------  ------------  --------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 

Diluted loss per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding to assume conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares. This is done by calculating the number of shares that could have been acquired at fair value based on the monetary value of the subscription rights attached to outstanding share options and warrants.

A total of 8,948,132 (2022: 6,240,304) potential ordinary shares have not been included within the calculation of statutory diluted loss per share for the year as they are anti-dilutive and reduce the loss per share. However, these potential ordinary shares could dilute earnings per share in the future. The diluted and basic loss per share are the same for both continuing and discontinued.

   7.     Property, plant and equipment 

Group

 
                                                         Assets      Long-Term 
                                     Freehold            in the      Leasehold                         Office 
                                     Land and            course       Property           Plant      Equipment 
                                    Buildings   of construction   Improvements   and Machinery   and Fixtures    Total 
                                       GBP000            GBP000         GBP000          GBP000         GBP000   GBP000 
=================================  ==========  ================  =============  ==============  =============  ======= 
Cost 
Balance at 1 October 2021              63,027             1,807          6,421          32,893          2,751  106,899 
Additions                               4,025             1,616            283           4,546            338   10,808 
Increase/(decrease) through 
 transfers 
 from assets in the course of 
 construction                             251           (1,275)              -             995             29        - 
Exchange differences                    1,924               116            432           2,377            146    4,995 
Transfer to inventory                       -                 -              -         (1,514)              -  (1,514) 
Disposals                               (224)                 -              -           (131)          (126)    (481) 
Disposals through sale of 
subsidiary                                  -                 -              -               -              -        - 
=================================  ==========  ================  =============  ==============  =============  ======= 
Balance at 30 September 2022           69,003             2,264          7,136          39,166          3,138  120,707 
---------------------------------  ----------  ----------------  -------------  --------------  -------------  ------- 
Balance at 1 October 2022              69,003             2,264          7,136          39,166          3,138  120,707 
Additions                               2,164               560             28           2,662            539    5,953 
On acquisition                              -                 -              -             315              -      315 
Reclassification                           56             (106)              -              50              -        - 
Increase/(decrease) through 
transfers 
from 
assets in the course of 
 construction                             877           (1,556)              -             679              -        - 
Exchange differences                  (4,446)              (53)          (344)         (1,670)          (328)  (6,841) 
Transfer to assets held for sale      (1,392)                 -              -               -              -  (1,392) 
Transfer from inventory                     -                 -              -              94              -       94 
=================================  ==========  ================  =============  ==============  =============  ======= 
Balance at 30 September 2023           66,181             1,109          5,245          39,175          3,291  115,001 
---------------------------------  ----------  ----------------  -------------  --------------  -------------  ------- 
Accumulated depreciation 
Balance at 1 October 2022               7,829                 -          4,723          14,806            761   28,119 
Depreciation charge for the year        2,387                 -            197           5,411            607    8,602 
Exchange differences                      792                 -            256           1,200            141    2,389 
Disposals                                (84)                 -              -           (102)          (117)    (303) 
---------------------------------  ----------  ----------------  -------------  --------------  -------------  ------- 
Balance at 30 September 2022           10,924                 -          5,176          21,315          1,392   38,807 
---------------------------------  ----------  ----------------  -------------  --------------  -------------  ------- 
Balance at 1 October 2022              10,924                 -          5,176          21,315          1,392   38,807 
Depreciation charge for the year        2,266                 -             79           5,513            595    8,453 
Transfer to assets held for sale        (542)                 -              -               -              -    (542) 
Exchange differences                    (908)                 -          (189)           (810)          (214)  (2,121) 
Disposals                                (81)                 -        (1,575)         (1,323)           (28)  (3,007) 
---------------------------------  ----------  ----------------  -------------  --------------  -------------  ------- 
Balance at 30 September 2023           11,659                 -          3,491          24,695          1,745   41,590 
---------------------------------  ----------  ----------------  -------------  --------------  -------------  ------- 
Net book value 
=================================  ==========  ================  =============  ==============  =============  ======= 
At 30 September 2023                   54,522             1,109          1,754          14,480          1,546   73,411 
=================================  ==========  ================  =============  ==============  =============  ======= 
At 30 September 2022                   58,079             2,264          1,960          17,851          1,746   81,900 
=================================  ==========  ================  =============  ==============  =============  ======= 
At 1 October 2021                      55,198             1,807          1,698          18,087          1,990   78,780 
---------------------------------  ----------  ----------------  -------------  --------------  -------------  ------- 
 
   8.     Leases 

Group

 
                                   2023     2022 
  Right-of-use-assets            GBP000   GBP000 
==============================  =======  ======= 
Leasehold property                9,213    9,389 
Plant and machinery              10,585   17,582 
Office equipment and fixtures         6       63 
==============================  =======  ======= 
                                 19,804   27,034 
------------------------------  -------  ------- 
 
                                   2023     2022 
Lease liabilities                GBP000   GBP000 
==============================  =======  ======= 
Current                          11,567   11,522 
Non-current                       8,293   14,765 
==============================  =======  ======= 
                                 19,860   26,287 
------------------------------  -------  ------- 
 
 
                                                         2023     2022 
Depreciation charge of right-of-use assets             GBP000   GBP000 
====================================================  =======  ======= 
Leasehold property                                      1,210    1,383 
Plant and machinery                                     9,038    9,176 
Office equipment and fixtures                              12       72 
====================================================  =======  ======= 
                                                       10,260   10,631 
====================================================  =======  ======= 
 
                                                         2021     2020 
Additional information                                 GBP000   GBP000 
====================================================  =======  ======= 
Additions to right-of-use assets                        2,120      497 
Modifications to right-of-use assets                    1,697   10,884 
Impairment of leasehold property right-of-use asset         -      664 
Interest expense                                        1,654    1,744 
Expense relating to short-term leases                     237      152 
Expense relating to leases of low-value leases             20      151 
Total cash outflow for leases                           9,438   10,533 
----------------------------------------------------  -------  ------- 
 

Benchmark Animal Health Limited modified the existing leases for two PSV vessels, the FS Aquarius and the FS Pegasus to extend the lease term only. These two assets constitute GBP8,405,000 of the net book value and GBP9,374,000 of the lease liability at the year end.

   9.     Intangible assets 

Group

 
                                          Patents 
                                              and  Intellectual  Customer                                 Development 
                   Websites  Goodwill  Trademarks      Property     Lists  Contracts  Licences  Genetics        costs     Total 
                     GBP000    GBP000      GBP000        GBP000    GBP000     GBP000    GBP000    GBP000       GBP000    GBP000 
=================  ========  ========  ==========  ============  ========  =========  ========  ========  ===========  ======== 
Cost or valuation 
Balance at 1 
 October 
 2021                   319   140,055         338       133,201     5,271      6,602    34,479    22,636       27,579   370,480 
Additions - 
 externally 
 acquired                94         -         111             -         -          -         -         -            -       205 
Additions - 
 internally 
 developed                -         -           -             -         -          -         -         -        1,708     1,708 
Exchange 
 differences             34    24,619           3        27,206     1,107       (27)     5,841       599        1,935    61,317 
=================  ========  ========  ==========  ============  ========  =========  ========  ========  ===========  ======== 
Balance at 30 
 September 2022         447   164,674         452       160,407     6,378      6,575    40,320    23,235       31,222   433,710 
-----------------  --------  --------  ----------  ------------  --------  ---------  --------  --------  -----------  -------- 
Balance at 1 
 October 
 2022                   447   164,674         452       160,407     6,378      6,575    40,320    23,235       31,222   433,710 
Additions - on 
 acquisition              -         -           -             -         -          -         -         -            -         - 
Additions - 
 externally 
 acquired                80         1         115             -         -          -         -         -            -       196 
Additions - 
 internally 
 developed                -         -           -             -         -          -         -         -          632       632 
Disposals                 -   (3,036)        (21)             -         -          -     (150)         -            -   (3,207) 
Reclassification 
 to assets held 
 for resale               -         -           -             -         -          -         -         -            -         - 
Exchange 
 differences           (15)  (13,682)         (1)      (13,737)     (559)       (70)   (3,186)   (1,267)        (982)  (33,499) 
=================  ========  ========  ==========  ============  ========  =========  ========  ========  ===========  ======== 
Balance at 30 
 September 2023         512   147,957         545       146,670     5,819      6,505    36,984    21,968       30,872   397,832 
-----------------  --------  --------  ----------  ------------  --------  ---------  --------  --------  -----------  -------- 
Accumulated 
amortisation 
and impairment 
Balance at 1 
 October 
 2021                    67    41,358         133        73,541     1,166      6,210    13,077     4,111        1,777   141,440 
Amortisation 
 charge 
 for the period          67         -          70        13,574       215        102     2,027       636        2,165    18,856 
Impairment                -         -           -           305         -          -         -         -            -       305 
Exchange 
 differences              9     8,592           3        16,966       275       (19)     1,839       139           41    27,845 
=================  ========  ========  ==========  ============  ========  =========  ========  ========  ===========  ======== 
Balance at 30 
 September 2022         143    49,950         206       104,386     1,656      6,293    16,943     4,886        3,983   188,446 
-----------------  --------  --------  ----------  ------------  --------  ---------  --------  --------  -----------  -------- 
Balance at 1 
 October 
 2022                   143    49,950         206       104,386     1,656      6,293    16,943     4,886        3,983   188,446 
Amortisation 
 charge 
 for the period          85         -          91        12,605       222         94     1,818       606        2,437    17,958 
Impairment                -         1           -            61         -          -       476         -            -       538 
Disposals                 -         -        (21)             -         -          -     (150)         -            -     (171) 
Exchange 
 differences            (4)   (4,484)         (2)       (8,868)     (143)       (52)   (1,177)     (253)         (33)  (15,016) 
=================  ========  ========  ==========  ============  ========  =========  ========  ========  ===========  ======== 
Balance at 30 
 September 2023         224    45,467         274       108,184     1,735      6,335    17,910     5,239        6,387   191,755 
-----------------  --------  --------  ----------  ------------  --------  ---------  --------  --------  -----------  -------- 
Net book value 
At 30 September 
 2023                   288   102,490         271        38,486     4,084        170    19,074    16,729       24,485   206,077 
=================  ========  ========  ==========  ============  ========  =========  ========  ========  ===========  ======== 
At 30 September 
 2022                   304   114,724         246        56,021     4,722        282    23,377    18,349       27,239   245,264 
=================  ========  ========  ==========  ============  ========  =========  ========  ========  ===========  ======== 
At 1 October 2021       252    98,697         205        59,660     4,105        392    21,402    18,525       25,802   229,040 
-----------------  --------  --------  ----------  ------------  --------  ---------  --------  --------  -----------  -------- 
 

The table below provides further detail of intangibles and their remaining amortisation period.

 
                                                                                                         Remaining 
                                                                          NBV 2023             NBV 2022       life 
  Description                                  Category                    GBP000               GBP000        2023 
===========================================  ================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Acquisition of INVE in 2015 
Goodwill                                      Goodwill                      79,909               87,585          - 
Harvesting rights                             Licences                      19,029               22,449         12 
                                              Intellectual 
Product technology                             property                          -                  446          - 
                                              Intellectual 
Product rights                                 property                     24,880               39,390          2 
                                              Intellectual 
Brand names                                    property                     10,945               12,976         12 
                                              Intellectual 
In-process R&D                                 property                        535                  847          2 
Customer relationships                        Customer lists                 4,085                4,723         18 
===========================================  ================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Total relating to acquisition of INVE                                      139,383              168,416          - 
=============================================================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Acquisition of Salmobreed AS (Now part 
 of Benchmark Genetics Norway AS) in 2014 
Goodwill                                      Goodwill                       6,063                6,523          - 
Genetic material and breeding nuclei          Genetics                       8,926                9,911         31 
===========================================  ================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Total relating to acquisition of Salmobreed AS                              14,989               16,434          - 
=============================================================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Acquisition of Stofnfiskur( Now Benchmark 
 Genetics Iceland) in 
 2014 
Goodwill                                      Goodwill                      11,999               12,467          - 
Genetic material and breeding nuclei          Genetics                       7,598                8,147         31 
===========================================  ================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Total relating to acquisition of Stofnfiskur                                19,597               20,614          - 
=============================================================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Acquisition of Akvaforsk Genetics Center 
 AS (Now part of 
Benchmark Genetics Norway AS) in 2015 
Goodwill                                      Goodwill                       4,520                7,348          - 
Licences                                      Licences                           -                  292          - 
Contracts                                     Contracts                        170                  282          2 
===========================================  ================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Total relating to acquisition of Akvaforsk Genetics 
 Center AS                                                                   4,690                7,922          - 
=============================================================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Capitalised development costs 
                                              Development 
Ectosan(R)Vet/CleanTreat(R)                    costs                        14,048               15,840 
                                                                                                                 8 
                                                                                                           Not yet 
                                              Development                                                    ready 
Live food alternative diets                    costs                         3,879                4,115    for use 
                                              Development 
SPR Shrimp                                     costs                         5,453                6,686          8 
===========================================  ================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Total capitalised development costs                                         23,380               26,641 
=============================================================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
                                              Intellectual 
Other purchased material intangible assets     Property                      1,408                1,497         16 
===========================================  ================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Total relating to other purchased intangible assets                          1,408                1,497 
=============================================================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Other individually immaterial goodwill and intangibles                       2,630                3,740 
=============================================================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
Total net book value at 30 September                                       206,077              245,264 
=============================================================  ===================  ===================  ========= 
 
   10.   Impairment testing of goodwill and other intangible assets 

The Group tests goodwill and other intangibles not yet ready for use annually for impairment, or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill or the other intangible assets might be impaired. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated, at acquisition, to the cash generating units (CGUs) that are expected to benefit from the business combination. The only intangible assets not yet ready for use are generally the capitalised development costs on internally developed products. The development costs included in the table below represents only those that are not yet ready for use.

Due to the interdependence of the operations within each of the business areas and the way in which they are managed, management have determined the CGUs are the business areas themselves - Health, Genetics and Advanced Nutrition. These are the smallest groups of assets that independently generate cashflows and whose cashflows are largely independent of those generated by other assets. Goodwill and capitalised development costs arise across the Group, and are allocated specifically against the CGUs as follows:

 
                                                                        Advanced 
                                                        Genetics       Nutrition     Total 
                                                            2023            2023      2023 
                                                          GBP000          GBP000    GBP000 
======================================================  ========  ==============  ======== 
Benchmark Genetics AS                                      6,062               -     6,062 
Benchmark Genetics Iceland HF (Previously Stofnfiskur 
 HF)                                                      11,999               -    11,999 
Akvaforsk Genetic Center*                                  4,520               -     4,520 
INVE Aquaculture Group                                         -          79,909    79,909 
======================================================  ========  ==============  ======== 
Goodwill                                                  22,581          79,909   102,490 
======================================================  ========  ==============  ======== 
Development costs                                              -           3,879     3,879 
======================================================  ========  ==============  ======== 
 

* Includes goodwill arising from the joint acquisition of Akvaforsk Genetics Center AS (which was transferred into Benchmark Genetics Norway AS) and Benchmark Genetics USA Inc (formerly Akvaforsk Genetics Center Inc).

 
                                                                           Advanced 
                                                          Genetics        Nutrition     Total 
                                                              2022             2022      2022 
                                                            GBP000           GBP000    GBP000 
====================================================== 
Benchmark Genetics AS                                        6,522                -     6,522 
Benchmark Genetics Iceland HF (Previously Stofnfiskur 
 HF)                                                        12,467                -    12,467 
Akvaforsk Genetic Center*                                    8,150                -     8,150 
INVE Aquaculture Group                                           -           87,585    87,585 
======================================================  ==========  ===============  ======== 
Goodwill                                                    27,139           87,585   114,724 
======================================================  ==========  ===============  ======== 
Development costs                                                -            4,115     4,115 
======================================================  ==========  ===============  ======== 
 

* Includes goodwill arising from the joint acquisition of Akvaforsk Genetics Center AS (which was transferred into Benchmark Genetics Norway AS) and Benchmark Genetics USA Inc (formerly Akvaforsk Genetics Center Inc).

The recoverable amounts of the above CGUs have been determined from value-in-use calculations. These calculations used Board approved cash flow projections from five-year business plans based on actual operating results and current forecasts. These forecasts were then extrapolated into perpetuity taking account of specific terminal growth rates for future cash flows, using individual business operating margins based on past experience and future expectations in light of anticipated economic and market conditions. The pre-tax cash flows that these projections produced were discounted at pre-tax discount rates based on the Group's beta adjusted cost of capital, further adjusted to reflect management's assessment of specific risks related to the markets and other factors pertaining to each CGU. Forecasts also include any costs in relation to the Group's climate change strategy and climate change factors have been considered when setting the long-term growth rates.

The values assigned to the key assumptions represent management's assessment of future trends in the relevant industries and have been based on historical data from both external and internal sources.

Genetics

The pre-tax cashflows from the five-year projections were discounted using a pre-tax discount rate of 15.7% (2022: 14.7%). CAGR of revenue of 9% (2022: 15%) is implied by the five-year plan and a long-term growth rate of 2.5% (2022: 2.5%) has been used to extrapolate the terminal year cashflow into perpetuity.

Having conducted a sensitivity analysis of key assumptions, no reasonably possible changes that would result in the elimination

of all headroom were identified.

Advanced Nutrition

The pre-tax cashflows from the five-year projections were discounted using a pre-tax discount rate of 16.4% (2022: 15.6%). CAGR of revenue of 12% (2022: 10%) is implied by the five-year plan and a long-term growth rate of 3.5% (2022: 3.5%) has been used to extrapolate the terminal year cashflow into perpetuity. Market analysis reports predict long-term growth rates of c.5.0%, and the health benefits of shrimp are still very much in evidence. Management believes that a long-term growth rate of 3.5% represents both a prudent and consistent approach for the CGU.

Sensitivity analysis has been performed on the key assumptions. Reducing the forecast growth rates for less mature parts of the CGU within Health and Diets products did not result in elimination of headroom. However, the forecasts growth rates for the CGU include an assumption around the ongoing recovery in global shrimp markets, and if that recovery is slower than the forecasts anticipate, due to factors such as continued reduced end market demand for Shrimp, to the extent that the CAGR of revenue implied over the five-year plan falls to 9%, this would result in a potential impairment.

The sensitivity to movements in the terminal growth rate and discount rate were also assessed, and a reduction in terminal growth rate from 3.5% to 1.5%, or an increase in the discount rate from 16.4% to 18.4%, either of which are considered to be reasonably possible, would reduce the headroom on the Advanced Nutrition CGU of GBP31.6m to nil. Should the growth rate reduce or discount rate increase further than this, then an impairment would be likely.

Health

The pre-tax cashflows from the five-year projections were discounted using a pre-tax discount rate of 17.4% (2022: 16.4%). An assumed CAGR of revenue of 23% (2022: 27%) in the five-year plan reflects the importance of the successful commercial ramp- up of the business area's new sea lice treatment in the forecast period. A long-term growth rate of 0.0% (2022: 0.0%) has been used to extrapolate the terminal year cashflow into perpetuity. The prudent assumption in the long-term growth rate is intended to reflect that the business area's new sea lice treatment is the principal source of cash generation, and only benefits from patent protection against generic competitors for a finite period of time.

The valuation of the Health cash generating unit indicates sufficient headroom such that a reasonably possible change to key assumptions is unlikely to result in an impairment in related development costs.

   11.   Biological assets 

Book value of biological assets recognised at fair value

 
                                               2023          2022 
Group                                        GBP000        GBP000 
=====================================  ============  ============ 
Salmon eggs                                  10,631        14,037 
Salmon broodstock                            33,411        30,501 
Salmon milt                                     796           606 
Lumpfish fingerlings                            757         1,090 
Shrimp                                          397           424 
=====================================  ============  ============ 
Total biological assets 30 September         45,992        46,658 
=====================================  ============  ============ 
Analysed as 
Current                                      27,586        25,780 
Non-current                                  18,406        20,878 
=====================================  ============  ============ 
Total biological assets 30 September         45,992        46,658 
=====================================  ============  ============ 
 

Change in book value of biological assets

 
                                                               2023        2022 
                                                             GBP000      GBP000 
=======================================================  ==========  ========== 
Biological assets 1 October Increase                         46,658      38,365 
Increase from production                                     42,393      48,067 
Reduction due to sales                                     (40,583)    (45,535) 
=======================================================  ==========  ========== 
Other movements in biological assets                          1,810       4,532 
Foreign exchange movement before fair value adjustment      (1,562)       1,704 
Change in fair value through income statement                 (103)       1,595 
Foreign exchange impact on fair value adjustment              (811)         462 
=======================================================  ==========  ========== 
Biological assets 30 September                               45,992      46,658 
=======================================================  ==========  ========== 
 

Assumptions used for determining fair value of biological assets

IAS 41 requires that biological assets are accounted for at the estimated fair value net of selling and harvesting costs. Fair value is measured in accordance with IFRS 13 and is categorised into levels in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value inputs for salmon eggs are categorised as level 2. The calculation of the fair value of the salmon eggs is based upon the current seasonally adjusted selling prices for salmon eggs less transport and incubation costs and taking account of the market capacity. The valuation also takes account of the mortality rates of the eggs and expected life as sourced from internally generated data.

The fair value inputs for salmon broodstock are categorised as level 3. The broodstock contain generations of genetic improvements and cannot be valued purely on the market weight of salmon. The Group does not sell its broodstock commercially so there is no observable input in this respect. Therefore, the calculation of the estimated fair value of salmon broodstock is primarily based upon its main harvest output being salmon eggs, which are priced upon the current seasonally adjusted selling prices for the Group's salmon eggs. These prices are reduced for harvesting costs, freight costs, incubation costs and market capacity to arrive at the net value of broodstock. The valuation also reflects the internally generated data to arrive at the biomass.

This includes the weight of the broodstock, the yield that each kilogram of fish will produce and mortality rates. The fish take four years to reach maturity, and the age and biomass of the fish is taken into account in the fair value. Finally, the valuation takes account of future expected sales volumes.

Change in book value of salmon broodstock

 
                                                                2023         2022 
                                                              GBP000       GBP000 
=======================================================  ===========  =========== 
Biological assets 1 October                                   30,501       26,700 
Increase from production                                      25,494       28,720 
Transfer to salmon eggs following harvesting                (22,677)     (26,509) 
Foreign exchange movement before fair value adjustment       (1,199)        1,326 
Change in fair value through income statement                  1,853         (31) 
Foreign exchange impact on fair value adjustment               (561)          295 
=======================================================  ===========  =========== 
Biological assets 30 September                                33,411       30,501 
=======================================================  ===========  =========== 
 

Significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of salmon broodstock

 
                                                   2023     2022 
==============================================  =======  ======= 
Number of eggs valued in broodstock (m units)       250      222 
Average selling price per egg (GBP)               0.131    0.135 
Future costs per egg (GBP)                      (0.016)  (0.021) 
----------------------------------------------  -------  ------- 
 

The fair value inputs for lumpfish fingerlings and shrimp are categorised as level 2. The calculation of the fair value of lumpfish fingerlings and shrimp is valued on current selling prices less transport costs. Internally generated data is used to incorporate mortality rates and the weight of the biomass.

The fair value inputs for lumpfish fingerlings and shrimp are categorised as level 2. The calculation of the fair value of lumpfish fingerlings and shrimp is valued on current selling prices less transport costs. Internally generated data is used to incorporate mortality rates and the weight of the biomass.

The fair value inputs for salmon milt are categorised as level 3. Where we have identified individual salmon carrying particular traits or disease resistance, semen (milt) can be extracted and deep-frozen using cryopreservation techniques (the process of freezing biological material at extreme temperatures in liquid nitrogen). The calculation of the fair value of milt is based on production and freezing costs and, where appropriate, an uplift to recognise the additional selling price that can be achieved from eggs fertilised by premium quality milt.

There is a presumption that fair value can be measured reliably for a biological asset. However, we sometimes face a situation where alternative estimates of fair value are determined to be clearly unreliable (for example, where we establish a new broodstock farm in a new territory). In such a case, that biological asset shall be measured at its cost less any accumulated impairment losses. In the year this applied to GBP2,150,000 of broodstock in Chile. As at 30 September the gross carrying amount was GBP5,186,000 (2022: GBP4,704,000) and the accumulated impairment losses were GBP3,036,000 (2022: GBP2,735,000).The valuation models by their nature are based upon uncertain assumptions on sales prices, market capacity, weight, mortality rates, yields and assessment of the discounts to reflect the stages of maturity. The Group has a degree of expertise in these assumptions but these assumptions are subject to change. Relatively small changes in assumptions would have a significant impact on the valuation. A 1% increase/decrease in the assumed selling price per egg would increase/decrease the fair value of salmon broodstock and eggs by GBP440,000. A 10% increase/decrease in the biomass of salmon broodstock and the quantity of salmon eggs valued would increase/decrease the fair value of those biological assets by GBP4,404,000.

The Group is exposed to financial risks arising from changes in the market value of the salmon eggs, lumpfish fingerlings and shrimp broodstock that it sells. The Group does not anticipate that prices will decline significantly in the foreseeable future and, therefore, has not entered into derivative or other contracts to manage the risk of a decline in the price of its products. The Group reviews its outlook for salmon eggs, lumpfish fingerlings and shrimp broodstock prices regularly in considering the need for active financial risk management.

Risk management strategy related to aquaculture activity

The Group is exposed to the following risks relating to its aquaculture activities. These risks and management's strategies to mitigate them are described below:

Regulatory and environmental risks

The nature of certain of the Group's operating activities exposes us to certain significant risks to the environment, such as incidents associated with releases of chemicals or hazardous substances when conducting our operations, which could result in liability, fines, risk to our product permissions and reputational damage. There is a risk that natural disasters could lead to damage to infrastructure, loss of resources, products or containment of hazardous substances. Our business activities could be disrupted if we do not respond, or are perceived not to respond, in an appropriate manner to any major crisis or if we are not able to restore or replace critical operational capacity.

In mitigation we have implemented standards and requirements which govern key risk management activities such as inspection, maintenance, testing, business continuity and crisis response.

Biological risks

The Group is exposed to the risk of disease within the Group's own operations and disease in the market resulting in possible border closures. In mitigation, the Group:

   --   Operates the highest levels of biosecurity. 

-- Holds genetic stock at multiple sites and increasingly sources from its own land-based salmon breeding facilities.

-- Operates containment zones which mitigates the risk of border closures affecting its ability to import or export.

   --   Has placed increased focus on insuring its biological stock. 

Outputs and quantities held

Total output of aquaculture activity in the year was:

 
                               2023          2022 
=====================  ============  ============ 
Salmon eggs            334.7m units  291.1m units 
Lumpfish fingerlings     1.5m units    2.0m units 
---------------------  ------------  ------------ 
 

Total quantities held at 30 September were:

 
                               2023          2022 
=====================  ============  ============ 
Salmon eggs             85.6m units  103.9m units 
Salmon broodstock      1,517 tonnes  1,737 tonnes 
Lumpfish fingerlings     0.4m units    0.7m units 
---------------------  ------------  ------------ 
 
   12.   Trade and other receivables 
 
                                                                     2023       2022 
  Group                                                            GBP000     GBP000 
============================================================  ===========  ========= 
Trade receivables                                                  27,460     31,218 
Less: provision for impairment of trade receivables               (2,612)    (2,748) 
============================================================  ===========  ========= 
Trade receivables - net                                            24,848     28,470 
============================================================  ===========  ========= 
Total financial assets other than cash and cash equivalents 
 measured at amortised cost                                        24,848     28,470 
Other receivables - contingent consideration                            -        887 
============================================================  ===========  ========= 
Total financial assets other than cash and cash equivalents 
 classified as measured at fair value through 
profit and loss                                                         -        887 
Prepayments                                                        18,081     14,989 
Other receivables                                                  16,866     12,031 
============================================================  ===========  ========= 
Total trade and other receivables                                  59,795     56,377 
============================================================  ===========  ========= 
 

Other receivables relate to the following items: VAT recoverable GBP4,353,000 (2022: GBP4,386,000), research and development expenditure tax credits and similar items GBP157,000 (2022: GBP154,000), the right to receive an agreed proportion of a key supplier's harvest* GBP10,173,000 (2022: GBP5,249,200), accrued income of GBP1,177,000 (2022: GBP1,377,000) and other amounts receivable of GBP1,006,000 (2022: GBP865,000).

*A financial liability of GBP10,173,000 (2022: GBP5,249,200) is recognised (within trade payables) for the amount invoiced and remaining outstanding at the year-end in relation to the Group's contractual obligation to pay for a specified share of the harvest of a supplier, regardless of delivery and without recourse to the supplier. As at 30 September, as the Group has not taken physical delivery of the harvested product and as the Group does not control the harvested product, an 'other receivable' of GBP10,173,000 (2022: GBP5,249,200) has been recorded in relation to the Group's right to receive the product in the future.

The financial asset at fair value through profit and loss related to contingent consideration outstanding from the disposal of Improve International Limited in FY20. This related to deferred cash consideration dependent on the delivery of certain future revenues in the financial year ended 30 September 2022 and the fair value was derived from the likely receivable amount based on expectations of performance against the targets. The amount recovered in the financial year ended 30 September 2023 was not materially different to management's estimate.

The fair values of trade and other receivables measured at amortised cost are not materially different to their carrying values. As at 30 September 2023 trade receivables of GBP6,313,000 (2022: GBP5,943,000) were past due but not impaired. They relate to customers with no default history. The ageing analysis of these receivables is as follows:

 
                             2023     2022 
                           GBP000   GBP000 
=======================  ========  ======= 
Up to 3 months overdue      5,480    5,761 
3 to 6 months overdue         833      218 
6 to 12 months overdue          -     (36) 
=======================  ========  ======= 
                            6,313    5,943 
=======================  ========  ======= 
 

Movements on the Group provision for impairment of trade receivables are as follows:

 
                                      2023      2023 
                                    GBP000    GBP000 
================================  ========  ======== 
At 1 October                         2,748     2,493 
Provided during the year               696       281 
Unused provisions reversed           (600)     (180) 
Provisions used during the year       (32)         - 
Foreign exchange movements           (200)       154 
================================  ========  ======== 
At 30 September                      2,612     2,748 
--------------------------------  --------  -------- 
 

The movement on the provision for impaired receivables has been included in the operating costs line in the Consolidated Income Statement.

Other classes of financial assets included within trade and other receivables do not contain impaired assets.

13. Trade and other payables

 
                                                                 2023      2022 
  Group                                                        GBP000    GBP000 
===========================================================  ========  ======== 
Trade payables                                                 26,657    22,149 
Other payables                                                  2,213     1,127 
Accruals                                                       16,257    17,636 
Other payables - tax and social security payments               2,957     3,799 
===========================================================  ========  ======== 
Financial liabilities, excluding loans and borrowings, 
 classified as financial liabilities measured at amortised 
 cost                                                          48,084    44,711 
Financial contracts - hedging instrument                        5,683     8,012 
===========================================================  ========  ======== 
Financial liabilities, excluding loans and borrowings, 
 classified as financial liabilities at fair value through 
 profit or loss                                                 5,683     8,012 
Deferred income                                                   404       597 
===========================================================  ========  ======== 
Total trade and other payables                                 54,171    53,320 
Less: non-current portion of other payables                   (6,842)   (8,996) 
===========================================================  ========  ======== 
Current portion                                                47,329    44,324 
-----------------------------------------------------------  --------  -------- 
 

Book values approximate to fair value at 30 September 2023 and 2022.

Of the financial contracts GBP6,155,000 (2022: GBP8,387,000) relates to a NOKUSD floating to fixed cross-currency interest rate swap (CCS) and a NOK interest rate swap (IRS), both of which were entered to fully match the timing and tenor of the underlying new senior unsecured floating rate listed bond issue of NOK 750m.

The floating-to-fixed NOK IRS (notional NOK 300m) is designated a cash flow hedge where any changes in the fair value of the swap will be taken directly to equity within the hedging reserve and recycled to profit or loss as the bond impacts the profit or loss.

The NOKUSD CCS (notional NOK450m) has been separated into two synthetic swaps; the first is a floating-to-fixed NOKGBP interest rate swap, being a cash flow hedge of the foreign exchange and interest rate risk on NOK denominated debt. The fair value of this synthetic swap is posted to the hedging reserve in equity. The second synthetic swap is a fixed-to-fixed GBPUSD swap designated as a net investment hedge in the USD net assets in the consolidated accounts of Benchmark Holdings plc. The fair value of this leg is posted to the foreign exchange translation reserve in equity.

   14.   Loans and borrowings 

Group

 
                                   2023      2022 
                                 GBP000    GBP000 
=============================  ========  ======== 
Non-Current 
2025 750m NOK Loan notes         57,604    61,976 
Bank borrowings                  16,799    17,226 
Unamortised debt issue costs      (742)     (922) 
Lease liabilities                 8,293    14,765 
=============================  ========  ======== 
                                 81,954    93,045 
=============================  ========  ======== 
Current 
Bank borrowings                   9,320     5,569 
Unamortised debt issue costs      (842)         - 
Lease liabilities                11,567    11,522 
=============================  ========  ======== 
                                 20,045    17,091 
=============================  ========  ======== 
Total loans and borrowings      101,999   110,136 
=============================  ========  ======== 
 

At 30 September 2023 the fair value of the unsecured floating rate listed green bond of NOK 750m was NOK 791m.

On 21 November 2022, the Group refinanced its USD15m RCF with a secured GBP20m RCF provided by DNB Bank ASA, maturing on 27 June 2025. The margin on this facility is a minimum of 2.75% and a maximum of 3.25%, dependent upon the leverage of the Group above the relevant risk free reference or IBOR rates depending on which currency is drawn.

Benchmark Genetics Salten AS had the following loans (which are ring-fenced debt without recourse to the remainder of the Group) at 30 September 2023:

-- Term loan with a balance of NOK 171.9m provided by Nordea Bank Norge Abp. The loan is a five-year term loan maturing no later than January 2028 at an interest rate of 2.5% above three-month NIBOR. This loan refinanced the previous term loan from the same bank when the outstanding balance of NOK 162 million was repaid in February 2023.

-- NOK 20.0m 12-month working capital facility provided by Nordea Bank Norge Abp. This was undrawn at 30 September 2023 (2022: undrawn).

-- Term loan with a balance of NOK 35.5m (2022: NOK 40.1m) provided by Innovasjon Norge. The loan is a 12-and-a-half-year term loan maturing in March 2031. The interest rate on this loan at 30 September 2023 was 7.45%. The interest rate on this loan is variable.

-- A new term loan with a balance of NOK 10.0m provided by Innovasjon Norge. The loan is a 15-year term loan maturing in July 2038. The interest rate on this loan at 30 September 2023 was 7.45%. The interest rate on this loan is variable.

-- NOK 21.75m loan provided by Salten Stamfisk AS (the minority shareholder). The loan attracts interest at 2.5% above three month NIBOR and is repayable on maturity of the Nordea term loan above.

The lease liabilities are secured on the assets to which they relate.

The currency profile of the Group's loans and borrowings is as follows:

 
                      2023      2022 
                    GBP000    GBP000 
----------------  --------  -------- 
Sterling            16,680    19,697 
Norwegian Krone     76,730    81,634 
Thai Baht              464       954 
Euro                   614       272 
US Dollar            6,460     6,888 
Icelandic Krone        585       545 
Other                  466       146 
================  ========  ======== 
                   101,999   110,136 
================  ========  ======== 
 

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