Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)

Registration Statement No. 333-219206

The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

 

 

 

 

Subject to Completion. Dated October 15, 2019.

GS Finance Corp.

$

Autocallable Commodity-Linked Notes due

guaranteed by

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

The notes do not bear interest. The return on your notes is based on the performances of (i) the settlement price of the first nearby West Texas Intermediate (WTI) light sweet crude oil futures contract and (ii) the settlement price of the first nearby ICE Brent Crude futures contract, each of which we refer to as an “underlier”. In this context, “first nearby” means the futures contract next scheduled for settlement or delivery that is still available for trading. The notes will mature on the stated maturity date (expected to be October 21, 2020), unless they are automatically called on any call observation date.  Your notes will be automatically called on a call observation date if the closing level of each underlier on such date is greater than or equal to its initial level set on October 10, 2019 (the initial level is $53.55 with respect to the WTI light sweet crude oil futures contract and $59.10 with respect to the ICE Brent Crude futures contract, which in each case may be higher or lower than the closing level of such underlier on the trade date), resulting in a payment on the corresponding call payment date equal to the face amount of your notes plus the product of $1,000 times the applicable call premium amount. Each call observation date and call payment date, as well as the applicable call premium amount for each call payment date, is specified on page PS-5 of this pricing supplement.

The amount that you will be paid on your notes at maturity, if they have not been automatically called, is based on the performance of the lesser performing underlier (the underlier with the lowest underlier return). The underlier return for each underlier is the percentage increase or decrease in its final level on the determination date (expected to be October 16, 2020) from its initial level.

The return on your notes is linked to the underliers, not physical oil. Generally, the return on an investment in any commodity futures contract is correlated with, but not the same as, the return on buying and holding the commodity underlying such contract.

At maturity, for each $1,000 face amount of your notes, you will receive an amount in cash equal to:

if the final level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial level, $1,150;

if the final level of each underlier is greater than or equal to 60% of its initial level but the final level of any underlier is less than its initial level, $1,000; or

if the final level of any underlier is less than 60% of its initial level, the sum of (i) $1,000 plus (ii) the product of (a) the lesser performing underlier return times (b) $1,000. You will receive less than 60% of the face amount of your notes.

You should read the disclosure herein to better understand the terms and risks of your investment, including the credit risk of GS Finance Corp. and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. See page PS-10.

The estimated value of your notes at the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date is expected to be between $900 and $930 per $1,000 face amount. For a discussion of the estimated value and the price at which Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC would initially buy or sell your notes, if it makes a market in the notes, see the following page.

 

Original issue date:  

expected to be October 21, 2019

Original issue price:

100% of the face amount

Underwriting discount:

             % of the face amount*

Net proceeds to the issuer:

    % of the face amount

*See “Supplemental Plan of Distribution” on page PS-5 for additional information regarding the fees comprising the underwriting discount.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. The notes are not bank deposits and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC

Pricing Supplement No.     dated                    , 2019.

 

 

 


 

The issue price, underwriting discount and net proceeds listed above relate to the notes we sell initially.  We may decide to sell additional notes after the date of this pricing supplement, at issue prices and with underwriting discounts and net proceeds that differ from the amounts set forth above. The return (whether positive or negative) on your investment in notes will depend in part on the issue price you pay for such notes.

GS Finance Corp. may use this prospectus in the initial sale of the notes. In addition, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC or any other affiliate of GS Finance Corp. may use this prospectus in a market-making transaction in a note after its initial sale.  Unless GS Finance Corp. or its agent informs the purchaser otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this prospectus is being used in a market-making transaction.

Estimated Value of Your Notes

The estimated value of your notes at the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date (as determined by reference to pricing models used by Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (GS&Co.) and taking into account our credit spreads) is expected to be between $900 and $930 per $1,000 face amount, which is less than the original issue price.  The value of your notes at any time will reflect many factors and cannot be predicted; however, the price (not including GS&Co.’s customary bid and ask spreads) at which GS&Co. would initially buy or sell notes (if it makes a market, which it is not obligated to do) and the value that GS&Co. will initially use for account statements and otherwise is equal to approximately the estimated value of your notes at the time of pricing, plus an additional amount (initially equal to $     per $1,000 face amount).

Prior to                 , the price (not including GS&Co.’s customary bid and ask spreads) at which GS&Co. would buy or sell your notes (if it makes a market, which it is not obligated to do) will equal approximately the sum of (a) the then-current estimated value of your notes (as determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing models) plus (b) any remaining additional amount (the additional amount will decline to zero on a straight-line basis from the time of pricing through                    ). On and after               , the price (not including GS&Co.’s customary bid and ask spreads) at which GS&Co. would buy or sell your notes (if it makes a market) will equal approximately the then-current estimated value of your notes determined by reference to such pricing models.

 

About Your Prospectus

The notes are part of the Medium-Term Notes, Series E program of GS Finance Corp., and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.  This prospectus includes this pricing supplement and the accompanying documents listed below.  This pricing supplement constitutes a supplement to the documents listed below and should be read in conjunction with such documents:

The information in this pricing supplement supersedes any conflicting information in the documents listed above. In addition, some of the terms or features described in the listed documents may not apply to your notes.


PS-2

 


 

 

Summary Information

We refer to the notes we are offering by this pricing supplement as the “offered notes” or the “notes”. Each of the offered notes has the terms described below. Please note that in this pricing supplement, references to “GS Finance Corp.”, “we”, “our” and “us” mean only GS Finance Corp. and do not include its subsidiaries or affiliates, references to “The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.”, our parent company, mean only The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and do not include its subsidiaries or affiliates and references to “Goldman Sachs” mean The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries and affiliates, including us. Also, references to the “accompanying prospectus” mean the accompanying prospectus, dated July 10, 2017, references to the “accompanying prospectus supplement” mean the accompanying prospectus supplement, dated July 10, 2017, for Medium-Term Notes, Series E, and references to the “accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737” mean the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737, dated July 10, 2017, in each case of GS Finance Corp. and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. The notes will be issued under the senior debt indenture, dated as of October 10, 2008, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 20, 2015, each among us, as issuer, The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor, and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee. This indenture, as so supplemented and as further supplemented thereafter, is referred to as the “GSFC 2008 indenture” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.

This section is meant as a summary and should be read in conjunction with the section entitled “Supplemental Terms of the Notes” on page S-18 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737. Please note that certain features described in the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737 are not applicable to the notes. This pricing supplement supersedes any conflicting provisions of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737.

 

 

Key Terms

Issuer:  GS Finance Corp.

Guarantor:  The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

Underliers:  (i) the first nearby West Texas Intermediate (WTI) light sweet crude oil futures contract (WTI crude oil futures contract) as traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) (Bloomberg symbol “CL1 <Cmdty>”) (or any official successor thereto) (references herein to the “WTI crude oil futures contract” are to the first nearby WTI crude oil futures contract) and (ii) the first nearby ICE Brent Crude futures contract as traded on ICE Futures Europe (Bloomberg symbol “CO1 <Cmdty>”) (or any official successor thereto) (references herein to the “Brent Crude futures contract” are to the first nearby ICE Brent Crude futures contract). With respect to a futures contract, references herein to the “first nearby” futures contract are to the futures contract next scheduled for settlement or delivery that is still available for trading; see “The Underliers” on page PS-17

Specified currency:  U.S. dollars (“$”)

Face amount:  each note will have a face amount equal to $1,000; $         in the aggregate for all the offered notes; the aggregate face amount of the offered notes may be increased if the issuer, at its sole option, decides to sell an additional amount of the offered notes on a date subsequent to the date of this pricing supplement

Purchase at amount other than face amount: the amount we will pay you for your notes on a call payment date or the stated maturity date, as the case may be, will not be adjusted based on the issue price you pay for your notes, so if you acquire notes at a premium (or discount) to face amount and hold them to a call payment date or the stated maturity date, it could affect your investment in a number of ways. The return on your investment in such notes will be lower (or higher) than it would have been had you purchased the notes at face amount. See “Additional Risk Factors Specific to Your Notes — If You Purchase Your Notes at a Premium to Face Amount, the Return on Your Investment Will Be Lower Than

PS-3

 


 

the Return on Notes Purchased at Face Amount and the Impact of Certain Key Terms of the Notes Will Be Negatively Affected” on page PS-12 of this pricing supplement

Supplemental discussion of U.S. federal income tax consequences: you will be obligated pursuant to the terms of the notes — in the absence of a change in law, an administrative determination or a judicial ruling to the contrary — to characterize each note for all tax purposes as a pre-paid derivative contract in respect of the underliers, as described under “Supplemental Discussion of Federal Income Tax Consequences” herein.  Pursuant to this approach, it is the opinion of Sidley Austin llp that upon the sale, exchange, redemption or maturity of your notes, it would be reasonable for you to recognize short-term capital gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between the amount of cash you receive at such time and your tax basis in your notes.  

Automatic call feature:  if, as measured on any call observation date, the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level, your notes will be automatically called; if your notes are automatically called on any call observation date, on the corresponding call payment date you will receive an amount in cash for each $1,000 face amount of your notes equal to the sum of (i) $1,000 plus (ii) the product of $1,000 times the applicable call premium amount specified in the table set forth under “— Call observation dates” below, and no further payments will be made since your notes will no longer be outstanding. If the closing level of any underlier is below its initial underlier level on a call observation date, the notes will not be automatically called.  

Cash settlement amount (on any call payment date):  if your notes are automatically called on a call observation date because the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level, for each $1,000 face amount of your notes, on the related call payment date, we will pay you an amount in cash equal to the sum of (i) $1,000 plus (ii) the product of $1,000 times the applicable call premium amount specified in the table set forth under “— Call observation dates” below.

Cash settlement amount (on the stated maturity date):  if your notes are not automatically called, for each $1,000 face amount of your notes, we will pay you on the stated maturity date an amount in cash equal to:

if the final underlier level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level, (i) $1,000 plus (ii) the product of (a) the maturity date premium amount times (b) $1,000;

if the final underlier level of each underlier is greater than or equal to 60% of its initial underlier level but the final underlier level of any underlier is less than its initial underlier level, $1,000; or

if the final underlier level of any underlier is less than 60% of its initial underlier level, the sum of (i) $1,000 plus (ii) the product of (a) the lesser performing underlier return times (b) $1,000. You will receive less than 60% of the face amount of your notes

Initial underlier level: $53.55 with respect to the WTI crude oil futures contract and $59.10 with respect to the Brent Crude futures contract. The initial underlier level of each underlier represents the closing level of such underlier on October 10, 2019 and may be higher or lower than the closing level of such underlier on the trade date.

Final underlier level: with respect to each underlier, the closing level of such underlier on the determination date, except in the limited circumstances described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Consequences of a Non-Trading Day or a Market Disruption Event — Notes Linked to Multiple Underliers” on page S-21 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737 and subject to adjustment as provided under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Discontinuance or Modification of an Underlier” on page S-25 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

Underlier return:  with respect to each underlier on the determination date, the quotient of (i) the final underlier level minus the initial underlier level divided by (ii) the initial underlier level, expressed as a percentage

Lesser performing underlier return:  the underlier return of the lesser performing underlier

Lesser performing underlier:  the underlier with the lowest underlier return

Call premium amount:  with respect to any call payment date, the applicable call premium amount specified in the table set forth under “— Call observation dates” below; as shown in such table, the call premium amount increases the longer the notes are outstanding

Maturity date premium amount: 15%

Trade date:  expected to be October 16, 2019

Original issue date (settlement date) (to be set on the trade date): expected to be October 21, 2019

PS-4

 


 

Determination date (to be set on the trade date):  expected to be October 16, 2020, subject to adjustment as described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Determination Date” on page S-19 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

Stated maturity date (to be set on the trade date):  expected to be October 21, 2020, subject to adjustment as described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes —Stated Maturity Date” on page S-18 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

Call observation dates (to be set on the trade date):  expected to be the dates specified as such in the table below, subject to adjustment as described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Call Observation Dates” on page S-20 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

Call Observation Dates

Call Payment Dates

Call Premium Amount

January 16, 2020

January 22, 2020

3.75%

April 16, 2020

April 21, 2020

7.5%

July 16, 2020

July 21, 2020

11.25%

 

Call payment dates (to be set on the trade date):  expected to be the dates specified as such in the table set forth under “Call observation dates” above, subject to adjustment as described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Call Payment Dates” on page S-18 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

Closing level:  on any trading day (i) with respect to the WTI crude oil futures contract, the official U.S. dollar settlement price (expressed in dollars per barrel) of the WTI crude oil futures contract, quoted by NYMEX (Bloomberg: “CL1<Cmdty>”) (or any official successor thereto) and (ii) with respect to the Brent Crude futures contract, the official U.S. dollar settlement price (expressed in dollars per barrel) of the Brent Crude futures contract, quoted by ICE Futures Europe (Bloomberg: “CO1 <Cmdty>”) (or any official successor thereto)

Defeasance: not applicable

No interest:  the offered notes do not bear interest

No listing: the offered notes will not be listed or displayed on any securities exchange or interdealer market quotation system

Business day:  as described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Special Calculation Provisions — Business Day” on page S-28 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

Trading day:  as described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Special Calculation Provisions — Trading Day” on page S-28 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

Use of proceeds and hedging: as described under “Use of Proceeds” and “Hedging” on page S-54 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

ERISA: as described under “Employee Retirement Income Security Act” on page S-55 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737

Supplemental plan of distribution; conflicts of interest: as described under “Supplemental Plan of Distribution” on page S-56 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737 and “Plan of Distribution — Conflicts of Interest” on page 94 of the accompanying prospectus; GS Finance Corp. estimates that its share of the total offering expenses, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $     .

GS Finance Corp. will sell to GS&Co., and GS&Co. will purchase from GS Finance Corp., the aggregate face amount of the offered notes specified on the front cover of this pricing supplement. GS&Co. proposes initially to offer the notes to the public at the original issue prices set forth on the cover page of this pricing supplement, and to certain securities dealers at such price less a concession not in excess of     % of the face amount. GS&Co. will pay a fee of    % from the concession to Axio Financial LLC in connection with its marketing efforts related to the offered notes. GS&Co. is an affiliate of GS Finance Corp. and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and, as such, will have a “conflict of interest” in this offering of notes within the meaning of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA) Rule 5121. Consequently, this offering of notes will be conducted in compliance with the provisions of FINRA Rule 5121. GS&Co. will not be permitted to sell notes in this offering to an account over which it exercises discretionary authority without the prior specific written approval of the account holder.

We expect to deliver the notes against payment therefor in New York, New York on October 21, 2019. Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two business days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise.

PS-5

 


 

Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade notes on any date prior to two business days before delivery will be required to specify alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement.

We have been advised by GS&Co. that it intends to make a market in the notes. However, neither GS&Co. nor any of our other affiliates that makes a market is obligated to do so and any of them may stop doing so at any time without notice. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity or trading market for the notes.

Calculation agent:  GS&Co.

CUSIP no.: 40056XK54

ISIN no.:  US40056XK542

FDIC:  the notes are not bank deposits and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank


 

PS-6

 


 

Hypothetical ExampleS

The following examples are provided for purposes of illustration only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and are intended merely to illustrate the impact that various hypothetical closing levels of the underliers on a call observation date and on the determination date could have on the cash settlement amount on a call payment date or on the stated maturity date, as the case may be, assuming all other variables remain constant.

The examples below are based on a range of underlier levels that are entirely hypothetical; no one can predict what the underlier level of any underlier will be on any day throughout the life of your notes, what the closing level of any underlier will be on any call observation date and what the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier will be on the determination date. The underliers have been highly volatile in the past — meaning that the underlier levels have changed substantially in relatively short periods — and their performance cannot be predicted for any future period.

The information in the following examples reflects the hypothetical rates of return on the offered notes assuming that they are purchased on the original issue date at the face amount and held to a call payment date or the stated maturity date, as the case may be.  If you sell your notes in a secondary market prior to a call payment date or the stated maturity date, as the case may be, your return will depend upon the market value of your notes at the time of sale, which may be affected by a number of factors that are not reflected in the examples below such as interest rates, the volatility of the underliers, the creditworthiness of GS Finance Corp., as issuer, and the creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor.  In addition, the estimated value of your notes at the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date (as determined by reference to pricing models used by GS&Co.) is less than the original issue price of your notes.  For more information on the estimated value of your notes, see “Additional Risk Factors Specific to Your Notes — The Estimated Value of Your Notes At the Time the Terms of Your Notes Are Set On the Trade Date (as Determined By Reference to Pricing Models Used By GS&Co.) Is Less Than the Original Issue Price Of Your Notes” on page PS-10 of this pricing supplement.  The information in the examples also reflects the key terms and assumptions in the box below.

 



Key Terms and Assumptions

Face amount

$1,000

Call premium amount

the applicable call premium amount for each call payment date is specified on page PS-4 of this pricing supplement

Maturity date premium amount

15%

 

Neither a non-trading day nor a market disruption event occurs on any originally scheduled call observation date or the originally scheduled determination date

Notes purchased on the original issue date at the face amount and held to a call payment date or the stated maturity date

For these reasons, the actual performance of the underliers over the life of your notes, as well as the amount payable on a call payment date or at maturity, if any, may bear little relation to the hypothetical examples shown below or to the historical underlier levels shown elsewhere in this pricing supplement. For information about the underlier levels during recent periods, see “The Underliers — Historical Closing Levels of the Underliers” on page PS-18. Before investing in the notes, you should consult publicly available information to determine the underlier levels between the date of this pricing supplement and the date of your purchase of the notes.

Also, the hypothetical examples shown below do not take into account the effects of applicable taxes.  Because of the U.S. tax treatment applicable to your notes, tax liabilities could affect the after-tax rate of return on your notes to a comparatively greater extent than the after-tax return on the underliers.

Hypothetical Payment on a Call Payment Date

The examples below show hypothetical amounts that we would pay on a call payment date with respect to each $1,000 face amount of the notes if the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level on the applicable call observation date. While there are three potential call payment

PS-7

 


 

dates with respect to your notes, the examples below only illustrate the amount you will receive, if any, on the first and second call payment date.

If your notes are automatically called on the first call observation date (i.e., on the first call observation date the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level), the amount in cash that we would deliver for each $1,000 face amount of your notes on the applicable call payment date would be the sum of $1,000 plus the product of the applicable call premium amount times $1,000. If, for example, the closing level of each underlier was determined to be 120% of its initial underlier level, your notes would be automatically called and the amount in cash that we would deliver on your notes on the corresponding call payment date would be 103.75% of the face amount of your notes or $1,037.5 for each $1,000 of the face amount of your notes.

If the notes are not automatically called on the first call observation date and are automatically called on the second call observation date (i.e., on the first call observation date the closing level of at least one underlier is less than its initial underlier level, and on the second call observation date the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level), the amount in cash that we would deliver for each $1,000 face amount of your notes on the applicable call payment date would be the sum of $1,000 plus the product of the applicable call premium amount times $1,000. If, for example, the closing level of each underlier was determined to be 130% of its initial underlier level, your notes would be automatically called and the amount in cash that we would deliver on your notes on the corresponding call payment date would be 107.5% of the face amount of your notes or $1,075 for each $1,000 of the face amount of your notes.

Hypothetical Payment at Maturity

If the notes are not automatically called on any call observation date (i.e., on each call observation date the closing level of any underlier is less than its initial underlier level), the cash settlement amount we would deliver for each $1,000 face amount of your notes on the stated maturity date will depend on the performance of the lesser performing underlier on the determination date, as shown in the table below.  The table below assumes that the notes have not been automatically called on a call observation date and reflects hypothetical cash settlement amounts that you could receive on the stated maturity date.

The levels in the left column of the table below represent hypothetical final underlier levels of the lesser performing underlier and are expressed as percentages of the initial underlier level of the lesser performing underlier.  The amounts in the right column represent the hypothetical cash settlement amounts, based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier, and are expressed as percentages of the face amount of a note (rounded to the nearest one-thousandth of a percent).  Thus, a hypothetical cash settlement amount of 100.000% means that the value of the cash payment that we would deliver for each $1,000 of the outstanding face amount of the offered notes on the stated maturity date would equal 100.000% of the face amount of a note, based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier and the assumptions noted above.

 

The Notes Have Not Been Automatically Called

 

 

Hypothetical Final Underlier Level of the Lesser Performing Underlier

Hypothetical Cash Settlement Amount at Maturity

(as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)

(as Percentage of Face Amount)

175.000%

115.000%

150.000%

115.000%

125.000%

115.000%

100.000%

115.000%

90.000%

100.000%

75.000%

100.000%

60.000%

100.000%

59.999%

59.999%

50.000%

50.000%

25.000%

25.000%

10.000%

10.000%

0.000%

  0.000%

 

 

 

If, for example, the notes have not been automatically called on a call observation date and the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier were determined to be 25.000% of its initial underlier level, the cash settlement amount that we would deliver on your notes at maturity would be 25.000% of the face

PS-8

 


 

amount of your notes, as shown in the table above.  As a result, if you purchased your notes on the original issue date at the face amount and held them to the stated maturity date, you would lose 75.000% of your investment (if you purchased your notes at a premium to face amount you would lose a correspondingly higher percentage of your investment).  In addition, if the notes have not been automatically called on a call observation date and the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier were determined to be 175.000% of its initial underlier level, the cash settlement amount that we would deliver on your notes at maturity would be limited to 115.000% of each $1,000 face amount of your notes, as shown in the table above.  As a result, if you held your notes to the stated maturity date, the cash settlement amount would be capped and you would not benefit from any increase in the final underlier level over the initial underlier level.  

The cash settlement amounts shown above are entirely hypothetical; they are based on market prices for the underliers that may not be achieved on the determination date and on assumptions that may prove to be erroneous.  The actual market value of your notes on the stated maturity date or at any other time, including any time you may wish to sell your notes, may bear little relation to the hypothetical cash settlement amounts shown above, and these amounts should not be viewed as an indication of the financial return on an investment in the offered notes.  The hypothetical cash settlement amounts on notes held to the stated maturity date in the examples above assume you purchased your notes at their face amount and have not been adjusted to reflect the actual issue price you pay for your notes. The return on your investment (whether positive or negative) in your notes will be affected by the amount you pay for your notes. If you purchase your notes for a price other than the face amount, the return on your investment will differ from, and may be significantly lower than, the hypothetical returns suggested by the above examples. Please read “Additional Risk Factors Specific to Your Notes — The Market Value of Your Notes May Be Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors” on page PS-15.

Payments on the notes are economically equivalent to the amounts that would be paid on a combination of other instruments. For example, payments on the notes are economically equivalent to a combination of an interest-bearing bond bought by the holder and one or more options entered into between the holder and us (with one or more implicit option premiums paid over time). The discussion in this paragraph does not modify or affect the terms of the notes or the U.S. federal income tax treatment of the notes, as described elsewhere in this pricing supplement.

 

We cannot predict the actual closing levels of the underliers on any day, the final underlier levels or what the market value of your notes will be on any particular trading day, nor can we predict the relationship between the closing levels of the underliers and the market value of your notes at any time prior to the stated maturity date. The actual amount that you will receive on a call payment date or the stated maturity date, if any, and the rate of return on the offered notes will depend on whether or not the notes are automatically called and on the actual closing levels of the underliers on the call observation dates and the actual final underlier levels determined by the calculation agent as described above. Moreover, the assumptions on which the hypothetical examples are based may turn out to be inaccurate. Consequently, the amount in cash to be paid in respect of your notes on a call payment date or the stated maturity date, as applicable, may be very different from the information reflected in the examples above.

 

 

PS-9

 


 

Additional Risk Factors Specific to Your Notes

An investment in your notes is subject to the risks described below, as well as the risks and considerations described in the accompanying prospectus, in the accompanying prospectus supplement and under “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes” in the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737. You should carefully review these risks and considerations as well as the terms of the notes described herein and in the accompanying prospectus, the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737. Your notes are a riskier investment than ordinary debt securities. You should carefully consider whether the offered notes are suited to your particular circumstances.

 

The Estimated Value of Your Notes At the Time the Terms of Your Notes Are Set On the Trade Date (as Determined By Reference to Pricing Models Used By GS&Co.) Is Less Than the Original Issue Price Of Your Notes

The original issue price for your notes exceeds the estimated value of your notes as of the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date, as determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing models and taking into account our credit spreads. Such estimated value on the trade date is set forth above under “Estimated Value of Your Notes”; after the trade date, the estimated value as determined by reference to these models will be affected by changes in market conditions, the creditworthiness of GS Finance Corp., as issuer, the creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor, and other relevant factors.  The price at which GS&Co. would initially buy or sell your notes (if GS&Co. makes a market, which it is not obligated to do), and the value that GS&Co. will initially use for account statements and otherwise, also exceeds the estimated value of your notes as determined by reference to these models.  As agreed by GS&Co. and the distribution participants, this excess (i.e., the additional amount described under “Estimated Value of Your Notes”) will decline to zero on a straight line basis over the period from the date hereof through the applicable date set forth above under “Estimated Value of Your Notes”.  Thereafter, if GS&Co. buys or sells your notes it will do so at prices that reflect the estimated value determined by reference to such pricing models at that time.  The price at which GS&Co. will buy or sell your notes at any time also will reflect its then current bid and ask spread for similar sized trades of structured notes.

In estimating the value of your notes as of the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date, as disclosed above under “Estimated Value of Your Notes”, GS&Co.’s pricing models consider certain variables, including principally our credit spreads, interest rates (forecasted, current and historical rates), volatility, price-sensitivity analysis and the time to maturity of the notes.  These pricing models are proprietary and rely in part on certain assumptions about future events, which may prove to be incorrect. As a result, the actual value you would receive if you sold your notes in the secondary market, if any, to others may differ, perhaps materially, from the estimated value of your notes determined by reference to our models due to, among other things, any differences in pricing models or assumptions used by others. See “— The Market Value of Your Notes May Be Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors” below.

The difference between the estimated value of your notes as of the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date and the original issue price is a result of certain factors, including principally the underwriting discount and commissions, the expenses incurred in creating, documenting and marketing the notes, and an estimate of the difference between the amounts we pay to GS&Co. and the amounts GS&Co. pays to us in connection with your notes. We pay to GS&Co. amounts based on what we would pay to holders of a non-structured note with a similar maturity.  In return for such payment, GS&Co. pays to us the amounts we owe under your notes.  

In addition to the factors discussed above, the value and quoted price of your notes at any time will reflect many factors and cannot be predicted.  If GS&Co. makes a market in the notes, the price quoted by GS&Co. would reflect any changes in market conditions and other relevant factors, including any deterioration in our creditworthiness or perceived creditworthiness or the creditworthiness or perceived creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. These changes may adversely affect the value of your notes, including the price you may receive for your notes in any market making transaction. To the

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extent that GS&Co. makes a market in the notes, the quoted price will reflect the estimated value determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing models at that time, plus or minus its then current bid and ask spread for similar sized trades of structured notes (and subject to the declining excess amount described above).  

Furthermore, if you sell your notes, you will likely be charged a commission for secondary market transactions, or the price will likely reflect a dealer discount.  This commission or discount will further reduce the proceeds you would receive for your notes in a secondary market sale.

There is no assurance that GS&Co. or any other party will be willing to purchase your notes at any price and, in this regard, GS&Co. is not obligated to make a market in the notes. See “— Your Notes May Not Have an Active Trading Market” below.

The Notes Are Subject to the Credit Risk of the Issuer and the Guarantor

Although the return on the notes will be based on the performance of each underlier, the payment of any amount due on the notes is subject to the credit risk of GS Finance Corp., as issuer of the notes, and the credit risk of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor of the notes. The notes are our unsecured obligations.  Investors are dependent on our ability to pay all amounts due on the notes, and therefore investors are subject to our credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of our creditworthiness. Similarly, investors are dependent on the ability of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor of the notes, to pay all amounts due on the notes, and therefore are also subject to its credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of its creditworthiness.  See “Description of the Notes We May Offer — Information About Our Medium-Term Notes, Series E Program — How the Notes Rank Against Other Debt” on page S-4 of the accompanying prospectus supplement and “Description of Debt Securities We May Offer – Guarantee by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.” on page 33 of the accompanying prospectus.

You May Lose Your Entire Investment in the Notes

You can lose your entire investment in the notes. Assuming your notes are not automatically called, the cash settlement amount on your notes, if any, on the stated maturity date will be based on the performance of the lesser performing of the underliers as measured from their initial underlier levels set on October 10, 2019 to their closing levels on the determination date.  If the final underlier level of any underlier is less than 60% of its initial underlier level, you will have a loss for each $1,000 of the face amount of your notes equal to the product of the lesser performing underlier return times $1,000. Thus, you may lose your entire investment in the notes, which would include any premium to face amount you paid when you purchased the notes.

Also, the market price of your notes prior to a call payment date or the stated maturity date, as the case may be, may be significantly lower than the purchase price you pay for your notes.  Consequently, if you sell your notes before the stated maturity date, you may receive far less than the amount of your investment in the notes.

The Cash Settlement Amount You Will Receive on a Call Payment Date or on the Stated Maturity Date, as the Case May Be, Will Be Capped

Regardless of the closing levels of the underliers on each of the call observation dates, the cash settlement amount you may receive on a call payment date is capped. Even if the closing level of each underlier on a call observation date exceeds its initial underlier level, causing the notes to be automatically called on such day, you will not benefit from any increase in the closing level of any underlier above the initial underlier level on a call observation date. If your notes are automatically called on a call observation date, the maximum payment you will receive for each $1,000 face amount of your notes will depend on the applicable call premium amount.  In addition, the cash settlement amount you may receive on the stated maturity date is capped.

Your Notes Are Subject to Automatic Redemption

We will automatically call and redeem all, but not part, of your notes on a call payment date if, as measured on any call observation date, the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level. Therefore, the term for your notes may be reduced. You may not be able to reinvest the proceeds from an investment in the notes at a comparable return for a similar level of risk in the event

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the notes are automatically called prior to maturity. For the avoidance of doubt, if your notes are automatically called, no discounts, commissions or fees described herein will be rebated or reduced.

The Amount In Cash That You Will Receive on a Call Payment Date or on the Stated Maturity Date is Not Linked to the Closing Levels of the Underliers at Any Time Other Than on the Applicable Call Observation Date or on the Determination Date, as the Case May Be

You will receive a payment on a call payment date only if the closing level of each underlier on the applicable call observation date (which is subject to postponement in case of non-trading days or market disruption events) is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level.  Therefore, the closing levels of the underliers on dates other than the call observation dates will have no effect on any amount paid in respect of your notes on the call payment date.  In addition, the cash settlement amount you will receive on the stated maturity date, if any, will be based on the closing levels of the underliers on the determination date (which is subject to postponement in case of non-trading days or market disruption events), and therefore not the simple performance of the underliers over the life of your notes.  Therefore, if the closing level of an underlier dropped precipitously on the determination date, the cash settlement amount for your notes may be significantly less than it would have been had the cash settlement amount been linked to the closing levels of the underliers prior to such drop.

The Cash Settlement Amount Will Be Based Solely on the Lesser Performing Underlier

If the notes are not automatically called, the cash settlement amount will be based on the lesser performing underlier without regard to the performance of the other underlier. As a result, you could lose all or some of your initial investment if the lesser performing underlier return is negative, even if there is an increase in the level of the other underlier.  This could be the case even if the other underlier increased by an amount greater than the decrease in the lesser performing underlier.

Your Notes Do Not Bear Interest

You will not receive any interest payments on your notes. As a result, even if the amount payable for your notes on a call payment date or the stated maturity date, as applicable, exceeds the face amount of your notes, the overall return you earn on your notes may be less than you would have earned by investing in a non-indexed debt security of comparable maturity that bears interest at a prevailing market rate.

The Return on Your Notes May Change Significantly Despite Only a Small Change in the Final Underlier Level of the Lesser Performing Underlier

If the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier is less than 60% of its initial underlier level, you will receive less than the face amount of your notes and you could lose all or a substantial portion of your investment in the notes. This means that while a 40% drop between the initial underlier level of the lesser performing underlier and its final underlier level will not result in a loss of principal on the notes, a decrease in the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier to less than 60% of its initial underlier level will result in a loss of a significant portion of your investment in the notes despite only a small change in the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier.

If You Purchase Your Notes at a Premium to Face Amount, the Return on Your Investment Will Be Lower Than the Return on Notes Purchased at Face Amount and the Impact of Certain Key Terms of the Notes Will Be Negatively Affected

The cash settlement amount you will be paid for your notes on the stated maturity date, if any, or the amount you will be paid on a call payment date will not be adjusted based on the issue price you pay for the notes. If you purchase notes at a price that differs from the face amount of the notes, then the return on your investment in such notes held to a call payment date or the stated maturity date will differ from, and may be substantially less than, the return on notes purchased at face amount. If you purchase your notes at a premium to face amount and hold them to a call payment date or the stated maturity date, the return on your investment in the notes will be lower than it would have been had you purchased the notes at face amount or a discount to face amount.

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If the Levels of the Underliers Change, the Market Value of Your Notes May Not Change in the Same Manner

The price of your notes may move differently than the performance of the underliers. Changes in the levels of the underliers may not result in a comparable change in the market value of your notes. Even if the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level during some portion of the life of the notes, the market value of your notes may not reflect this. We discuss some of the reasons for this disparity under “— The Market Value of Your Notes May Be Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors” below.

Your Notes May Not Have an Active Trading Market

Your notes will not be listed or displayed on any securities exchange or included in any interdealer market quotation system, and there may be little or no secondary market for your notes.  Even if a secondary market for your notes develops, it may not provide significant liquidity and we expect that transaction costs in any secondary market would be high.  As a result, the difference between bid and ask prices for your notes in any secondary market could be substantial.

We May Sell an Additional Aggregate Face Amount of the Notes at a Different Issue Price

At our sole option, we may decide to sell an additional aggregate face amount of the notes subsequent to the date of this pricing supplement. The issue price of the notes in the subsequent sale may differ substantially (higher or lower) from the issue price you paid as provided on the cover of this pricing supplement.

You Will Not Have Any Rights Against the Publishers of the Price of the Underliers

You will have no rights against the publishers of the price of the underliers, even though the amount you receive at maturity, if any, will depend on the performance of the underliers from the trade date to the determination date. The publishers of the price of the underliers are not in any way involved in this offering and have no obligations relating to the notes or to the holders of the notes. You will not own or have any beneficial or other legal interest in, and will not be entitled to any rights with respect to, WTI crude oil, Brent Crude oil or options, swaps or futures, based upon the price of the underliers.

The Market Value of Your Notes May Be Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors

When we refer to the market value of your notes, we mean the value that you could receive for your notes if you chose to sell them in the open market before the stated maturity date.  A number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, will influence the market value of your notes, including:

the level of the underliers;

the volatility — i.e., the frequency and magnitude of changes — in the underlier levels;

economic, financial, regulatory, political, military and other events that affect commodity markets generally and the market segments of which crude oil is a part, and which may affect the level of the underliers;

interest rates and yield rates in the market;

the time remaining until your notes mature; and

our creditworthiness and the creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., whether actual or perceived, including actual or anticipated upgrades or downgrades in our credit ratings or the credit ratings of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. or changes in other credit measures.

These factors will influence the price you will receive if you sell your notes before maturity, including the price you may receive for your notes in any market making transaction.  If you sell your notes before maturity, you may receive less than the face amount of your notes.

You cannot predict future changes in the underlier levels based on historical changes in the underlier level. The actual changes in the underlier level over the life of the notes, as well as the amount payable on the stated maturity date, may bear little or no relation to the historical underlier levels or to the hypothetical return examples shown elsewhere in this pricing supplement.

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There Are Risks Associated with an Investment Linked to the Prices of Commodities Generally

The market prices of commodities can be highly volatile. Unlike fixed-income and equity investments, commodity market prices are not related to the value of a future income or earnings stream, and may be subject to rapid fluctuations based on numerous factors, some of which are described below under “—The Underliers May Continue to Be Volatile and Each Underlier May Be Affected by Factors Specific to Its Market, Which May Have an Adverse Effect on the Market Value of Your Notes”. In addition, many commodities are highly cyclical. These factors may have a larger impact on commodity prices and commodity-linked instruments than on instruments linked to traditional fixed-income and equity securities and may create additional investment risks that cause the value of the securities to be more volatile than the values of traditional securities. These and other factors may affect the performance of the underlier, and thus the value of your notes, in unpredictable or unanticipated ways.

Commodity Prices as Well as the Underliers May Change Unpredictably, Affecting the Value of Your Notes in Unforeseeable Ways

Commodity prices as well as the underliers are affected by a variety of factors, including weather, governmental programs and policies, national and international political, military, terrorist and economic events, changes in interest and exchange rates and trading activities in commodities and related contracts.  These factors may affect the levels of the underliers and the value of your notes in varying ways, and different factors may cause the value of the underlier to move in inconsistent directions and at inconsistent rates.

The Underliers May Continue to Be Volatile and Each Underlier May Be Affected by Factors Specific to Its Market, Which May Have an Adverse Effect on the Market Value of Your Notes

The price of each underlier has fluctuated widely in recent years and may continue to do so in the future. For example, during the period from June 20, 2014 to January 15, 2016, the closing level of the WTI crude oil futures contract traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange decreased by approximately 72.57%. In addition, during the period from June 20, 2014 to January 15, 2016, the price of the Brent Crude futures contract traded on ICE Futures Europe decreased by approximately 74.79%. For additional information about the historical levels of the underliers during recent periods, see “The Underliers — Historical Closing Levels of the Underliers” below.

Factors that may affect the WTI crude oil futures contract or the Brent Crude futures contract and the value of your notes in varying ways include, without limitation:

global supply of and demand for crude oil, which is influenced by a wide variety of factors, including the global economy, consumer and industrial demand, market regulation, forward selling by producers of crude oil, and production and cost levels in countries where crude oil is produced;

levels of WTI crude oil inventory or Brent Crude oil inventory, as applicable;

demand for products produced by refining WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil, as applicable;

production of substitutes for WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil, as applicable, such as shale oil; development of new substitutes for WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil, as applicable; or alternative industrial or consumer applications that do not make use of WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil, as applicable;

relative pricing between WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil and other grades of crude oil;

relative pricing between WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil, as applicable, and shale oil;

global or regional political, economic or financial events, including war, uprisings, upheavals, terrorism or other hostilities, and other situations, including but not limited to Ukraine;

disruptions in supply caused by damage to pipelines (including by oil theft);

liquidity or illiquidity of the markets for WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil, as applicable;

weather and natural disasters;

governmental programs and policies, including regulation that affects consumption or production of commodities;

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regulation in the relevant producer countries and in the commodities and securities markets;

hedging, investment and trading activities by market participants;

price and supply controls among producer nations or organizations of producer nations;

holding of commodities by producers;

price limitations, position limits and trading halts on the exchange on which the underlier trades; and

currency exchange rates.

 

It is not possible to predict the effect of all, some or one of these factors on the prices of WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil and the occurrence of all, some or one of these factors could reduce the level of the underliers and adversely affect the market value of, and payment on, your notes.

There Are Specific Risks Associated with WTI Crude Oil and Brent Crude Oil and the WTI Crude Oil Futures Contract and the Brent Crude Futures Contract

Oil prices are currently experiencing high volatility and have also been highly volatile in the past.

Oil prices are affected by numerous factors, including oil supply and demand, the level of global industrial activity, the driving habits of consumers, political events and policies, regulations, weather, fiscal, monetary and exchange control programs, and, especially, direct government intervention such as embargoes, and supply disruptions in major producing or consuming regions such as the Middle East, the United States, Latin America, Russia, Ukraine and Nigeria. The outcome of meetings of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries also can affect liquidity and world oil supply and, consequently, the value of the underliers. Market expectations about these events and trading activity also may cause oil prices to fluctuate unpredictably. If the volatility of crude oil increases or decreases, the volatility of the underliers may also increase or decrease, and the market value of, and amount payable on, your notes may be adversely affected.

Furthermore, a significant proportion of world oil production capacity is controlled by a small number of producers. These producers have, in certain periods, implemented curtailments of or increases in output and trade. These efforts at supply control could adversely affect the closing levels of the underliers and the market value of, and amount payable on, your notes. Additionally, actions taken by consuming nations, such as the releases of oil reserves, may occur in a way that is not predictable and could adversely affect the price of crude oil, the closing levels of the underliers and the market value of, and amount payable on, your notes.

Also, the production and pricing of substitute products for crude oil, such as shale oil, as well as development of new substitute products for crude oil, could adversely affect the closing levels of the underliers and the market value of, and amount payable on, your notes. Increases in the price of crude oil may drive increased production of substitute products, such as shale oil, which may cause the price of crude oil to decline.

You Have No Rights with Respect to the Underliers, or the Commodities Underlying the Underliers, or Rights to Receive the Underliers or the Commodities Underlying the Underliers

Investing in your notes will not make you a holder of the WTI crude oil futures contract or the Brent Crude futures contract or the commodities underlying the underliers.  Neither you nor any other holder or owner of your notes will have any rights with respect to the underliers or the commodities underlying the underliers.  Any amounts payable on your notes will be made in cash, and you will have no right to receive the WTI crude oil futures contract, the Brent Crude futures contract, or the commodity underlying either of the WTI crude oil futures contract or the Brent Crude futures contract.

Your Notes Are Linked, in Part, to the WTI Crude Oil Futures Contract and, in Part, the Brent Crude Futures Contract and Not to the Spot Price of WTI Crude Oil or the Spot Price of Brent Crude Oil

The return on your notes will be related to the performance of the underliers and not the spot price of WTI crude oil or Brent Crude oil. The price of a commodity futures contract reflects the expected value of the commodity upon delivery in the future, whereas the spot price of a physical commodity reflects the

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immediate delivery value of the commodity. A variety of factors can lead to a disparity between the expected future price of a commodity and the spot price at a given point in time, such as the cost of storing, transporting or handling the commodity for the term of the commodity futures contract, interest charges incurred to finance the purchase of the commodity and expectations concerning supply and demand for the commodity. The price movement of a commodity futures contract is typically correlated with the movements of the spot price of the reference physical commodity, but the correlation is generally imperfect and price moves in the spot market may not be reflected in the futures market (and vice versa). Accordingly, your notes may underperform a similar investment that more directly reflects the return on the physical commodity.

The Closing Level of Each Underlier May Be More Volatile Than if Another Nearby Futures Contract Had Been Used

The settlement price that will be used to calculate the closing level of each underlier on a call observation date and the determination date will be, in each case, the price of the first nearby futures contract of such underlier. The price of a commodity futures contract is typically at its most volatile as the futures contract approaches maturity. Because the first nearby futures contract is used to determine the closing level of each underlier on a call observation date and the determination date, the closing level of each underlier may therefore be more volatile than if another nearby futures contract with a longer maturity had been used.

The Tax Consequences of an Investment in Your Notes Are Uncertain

The tax consequences of an investment in your notes are uncertain, both as to the timing and character of any inclusion in income in respect of your notes.

The Internal Revenue Service announced on December 7, 2007 that it is considering issuing guidance regarding the tax treatment of an instrument such as your notes, and any such guidance could adversely affect the value and the tax treatment of your notes. Among other things, the Internal Revenue Service may decide to require the holders to accrue ordinary income on a current basis and recognize ordinary income on payment at maturity, and could subject non-U.S. investors to withholding tax. Furthermore, in 2007, legislation was introduced in Congress that, if enacted, would have required holders that acquired instruments such as your notes after the bill was enacted to accrue interest income over the term of such instruments even though there will be no interest payments over the term of such instruments.  It is not possible to predict whether a similar or identical bill will be enacted in the future, or whether any such bill would affect the tax treatment of your notes.  We describe these developments in more detail under “Supplemental Discussion of Federal Income Tax Consequences – United States Holders – Possible Change in Law” below. You should consult your tax advisor about this matter. Except to the extent otherwise provided by law, GS Finance Corp. intends to continue treating the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes in accordance with the treatment described under “Supplemental Discussion of Federal Income Tax Consequences” on page PS-22 below unless and until such time as Congress, the Treasury Department or the Internal Revenue Service determine that some other treatment is more appropriate.  Please also consult your tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax and any other applicable tax consequences to you of owning your notes in your particular circumstances.

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) Withholding May Apply to Payments on Your Notes, Including as a Result of the Failure of the Bank or Broker Through Which You Hold the Notes to Provide Information to Tax Authorities

Please see the discussion under “United States Taxation — Taxation of Debt Securities — Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) Withholding” in the accompanying prospectus for a description of the applicability of FATCA to payments made on your notes. The discussion in that section is hereby modified to reflect regulations proposed by the Treasury Department indicating its intent to eliminate the requirements under FATCA of withholding on gross proceeds from the sale, exchange, maturity or other disposition of relevant financial instruments. The Treasury Department has indicated that taxpayers may rely on these proposed regulations pending their finalization.


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The Underliers

 

The WTI Crude Oil Futures Contract

In this pricing supplement, when we refer to the WTI crude oil futures contract, we mean the first nearby WTI light sweet crude oil futures contract traded on NYMEX, and when we refer to the closing level of the WTI crude oil futures contract, we mean the official U.S. dollar settlement price (expressed in dollars per barrel) of the WTI crude oil futures contract, quoted by NYMEX (Bloomberg: “CL1<Cmdty>”) (or any official successor thereto), as it may be modified, replaced or adjusted from time to time as described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes—Discontinuance or Modification of an Underlier” on page S-25 of the accompanying commodity terms supplement.

According to NYMEX, light sweet crude oil (WTI) futures and options are the world’s most actively traded energy product and are the deepest and most liquid global energy benchmark, trading nearly 850,000 futures and options contracts daily.  NYMEX reports that total open interest in WTI has exceeded 3 million lots, equivalent to more than 3 billion barrels.  Increased access and production of light sweet crude is driven by improved infrastructure and technology as well as procurement of oil from ample shale basins. NYMEX expects production of supply from the Mid-Continent, Bakken, and Canadian oil fields to continue to rise.  NYMEX views what it deems as WTI’s superior transparency and convergence to the physical market as enabling investors to make sound judgments on the basis of accurate weekly supply and demand information.  The WTI crude oil futures contract trades in units of 1,000 barrels.  The physical commodity is a blend of several U.S. domestic streams of light sweet crude oil. For the physical commodity, the delivery point in Cushing, Oklahoma, is a vital transshipment point, where storage facilities and intersecting pipelines provide easy access to refiners and suppliers. Crude oil flows inbound to Cushing from around the country and outbound through dozens of pipelines.

The WTI crude oil futures contract is listed on NYMEX, which is part of the CME Group.  Crude oil futures are listed nine years forward using the following listing schedule: consecutive months are listed for the current year and the next five years; in addition, the June and December contract months are listed beyond the sixth year. Additional months will be added on an annual basis after the December contract expires, so that an additional June and December contract would be added nine years forward, and the consecutive months in the sixth calendar year will be filled in. Trading in the WTI crude oil futures contract terminates three business days prior to the 25th calendar day of the month prior to the contract month. If the 25th calendar day is not a business day, trading terminates four business days prior to the 25th calendar day.

Additional information about the WTI crude oil futures contract is available at the following website: cmegroup.com/trading/energy/crude-oil/light-sweet-crude_contract_specifications.html.  We are not incorporating by reference the website or any material it includes in this pricing supplement.

The ICE Brent Crude Futures Contract

In this pricing supplement, when we refer to the Brent Crude futures contract, we mean the first nearby ICE Brent Crude futures contract traded on ICE Futures Europe and when we refer to the closing level of the Brent Crude futures contract, we mean the official U.S. dollar settlement price (expressed in dollars per barrel) of the Brent Crude futures contract, quoted by ICE Futures Europe (Bloomberg: “CO1 <Cmdty>”) (or any official successor thereto), as it may be modified, replaced or adjusted from time to time as described under “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Consequences of a Non-Trading Day or a Market Disruption Event” and “Supplemental Terms of the Notes — Discontinuance or Modification of an Underlier” in the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737.  

Trading will cease at the end of the designated settlement period on the last business day (a trading day which is not a public holiday in England and Wales) of the second month preceding the relevant contract month (e.g. the March contract month will expire on the last business day of January). If the day on which

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trading is due to cease would be either: (i) the business day preceding Christmas Day, or (ii) the business day preceding New Year’s Day, then trading shall cease on the next preceding business day.

Brent Crude oil is the biggest of the many major classifications of crude oil consisting of Brent, Oseberg, Ekofisk, and Forties. Sourced in the North Sea and typically refined in Northwest Europe, Brent Crude oil has served as a global benchmark for Atlantic Basin crude oils in general, and low-sulfur (“sweet”) crude oils in particular, since the 1970s. Oil production from Europe, Africa and the Middle East flowing west tends to be priced relative to Brent Crude oil. A maximum of 96 consecutive contract months will be listed at any one time. The futures contracts are a U.S. dollar denominated, deliverable contract of 1,000 barrels, which is equal to 42,000 U.S. gallons, based on EFP delivery with an option to cash settle.

The ICE Brent Crude futures contracts are listed on ICE Futures Europe. Additional information about the Brent Crude futures contract is available at the following website: theice.com/products/219/Brent-Crude-Futures. We are not incorporating by reference the website or any material it includes in this commodity terms supplement no. 1,737.

Questions and Answers Relating to the Commodity Futures Contracts

What Is a Commodity Contract?

 

A commodity contract is an agreement either to buy or sell a set amount of a physical commodity at a predetermined price and delivery period (which is generally referred to as “delivery month”), or to make and receive a cash payment based on changes in the price of the commodity.  Generally speaking, the return on an investment in commodity contracts is correlated with, but different from, the return on buying and holding physical commodities.  The WTI crude oil futures contract is comprised solely of a commodity contract on the physical commodity traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange. The Brent Crude futures contract is comprised solely of a commodity contract on the physical commodity traded on ICE Futures Europe.

 

Why Do the Underliers Track Commodity Contracts And Not Physical Commodities?

 

While holding an inventory of physical commodities may have certain economic benefits (for example, a refinery could use a reserve of crude oil for the continuation of its operations), it also poses administrative burdens and costs, including those arising from the need to store or transport physical commodities. These requirements and costs may prove unattractive to investors who are interested solely in the price movement of commodities. Commodity contracts permit an investor to obtain exposure to the prices of commodities without directly incurring these requirements and costs. However, an investor in commodity contracts can be indirectly exposed to these costs, which may be reflected in the prices of the commodity contracts and therefore in the prices of the underliers. In addition, the fact that commodity contracts have publicly available prices allows calculation of the prices of the underliers based on these prices. The use of commodity contracts, therefore, allows investors to separate the exposure to price changes from the requirements and costs of ownership of the physical commodity, and thus allows participation in the upside and downside movement of commodity prices independently of the physical commodity itself.

 

With Respect to an Underlier, If the Price of the Physical Commodity Goes Up, Will the Price of the Futures Contract, Therefore, Also Go Up?

 

Not necessarily. Your notes are linked to the performances of the underliers, rather than the individual physical commodities themselves. Changes in the prices of commodity contracts should generally track changes in the prices of the underlying physical commodities, but, as described above under “Why Do the Underliers Track Commodity Contracts And Not Physical Commodities?”, the prices of commodity contracts might from time to time move in ways or to an extent that differ from movements in physical commodity prices. Therefore, you may observe prices of the physical commodity going up and the price of the respective underlier (i.e., the physical commodity’s respective futures contract) not changing in the same way.

 

PS-18


 

What is the “first nearby” futures contract?

 

The “first nearby” futures contract refers to the futures contract next scheduled for settlement or delivery that is still available for trading.  The trading of the WTI crude oil futures contract for delivery of WTI crude oil in a given month generally shall cease on the third business day prior to the twenty-fifth calendar day of the month preceding the delivery month. If the twenty-fifth calendar day of the month is not a business day, trading terminates four business days prior to the 25th calendar day. The trading of the Brent Crude futures contract for delivery of Brent Crude oil in a given month generally shall cease on the last business day of the second month preceding such delivery month. For example, the March Brent Crude futures contract is expected to cease trading on the last business day of January.

Historical Closing Levels of the Underliers

The closing levels of the underliers have fluctuated in the past and may, in the future, experience significant fluctuations.  Any historical upward or downward trend in the closing level of any underlier during the period shown below is not an indication that such underlier is more or less likely to increase or decrease at any time during the life of your notes.

You should not take the historical closing levels of an underlier as an indication of the future performance of an underlier.  We cannot give you any assurance that the future performance of any underlier will result in you receiving the outstanding face amount of your notes on the stated maturity date.

Neither we nor any of our affiliates make any representation to you as to the performance of the underliers.  Before investing in the offered notes, you should consult publicly available information to determine the relevant underlier levels between the date of this pricing supplement and the date of your purchase of the offered notes.  The actual performance of an underlier over the life of the offered notes, as well as the cash settlement amount at maturity may bear little relation to the historical levels shown below.

The graphs below show the daily historical closing levels of each underlier from January 1, 2014 through October 11, 2019. As a result, the following graphs do not reflect the global financial crisis which began in 2008, which had a materially negative impact on the price of most commodities and, as a result, the level of most commodity futures contracts. We obtained the levels in the graphs below from Bloomberg Financial Services, without independent verification.

PS-19


 

Historical Performance of the First Nearby WTI Crude Oil Futures Contract

 

 


PS-20

 


 

 

Historical Performance of the First Nearby Brent Crude Futures Contract    


 

PS-21

 


 

 

Supplemental Discussion of Federal Income Tax Consequences

 

The following section supplements the discussion of U.S. federal income taxation in the accompanying prospectus.

The following section is the opinion of Sidley Austin llp, counsel to GS Finance Corp. and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.  In addition, it is the opinion of Sidley Austin llp that the characterization of the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes that will be required under the terms of the notes, as discussed below, is a reasonable interpretation of current law.

This section does not apply to you if you are a member of a class of holders subject to special rules, such as:

 

a dealer in securities or currencies;

 

a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for your securities holdings;

 

a bank;

 

a life insurance company;

 

a regulated investment company;

 

an accrual method taxpayer subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of its use of financial statements;

 

a tax exempt organization;

 

a partnership;

 

a person that owns a note as a hedge or that is hedged against interest rate risks;

 

a person that owns a note as part of a straddle or conversion transaction for tax purposes; or

 

a United States holder (as defined below) whose functional currency for tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar.

Although this section is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations under the Internal Revenue Code, published rulings and court decisions, all as currently in effect, no statutory, judicial or administrative authority directly discusses how your notes should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and as a result, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in your notes are uncertain. Moreover, these laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis.

You should consult your tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax and other tax consequences of your investment in the notes, including the application of state, local or other tax laws and the possible effects of changes in federal or other tax laws.

 

United States Holders

This section applies to you only if you are a United States holder that holds your notes as a capital asset for tax purposes. You are a United States holder if you are a beneficial owner of a note and you are:

PS-22

 


 

 

 

a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

a domestic corporation;

 

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or

 

a trust if a United States court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more United States persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust.

Tax Treatment. You will be obligated pursuant to the terms of the notes — in the absence of a change in law, an administrative determination or a judicial ruling to the contrary — to characterize your notes for all tax purposes as pre-paid derivative contracts in respect of the underliers. Except as otherwise stated below, the discussion below assumes that the notes will be so treated.

Upon the sale, exchange, redemption or maturity of your notes, you should recognize short-term capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale, exchange, redemption or maturity and your tax basis in your notes. Your tax basis in your notes will generally be equal to the amount that you paid for the notes. Short-term capital gains are generally subject to tax at the marginal tax rates applicable to ordinary income.

No statutory, judicial or administrative authority directly discusses how your notes should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in the notes are uncertain and alternative characterizations are possible. Accordingly, we urge you to consult your tax advisor in determining the tax consequences of an investment in your notes in your particular circumstances, including the application of state, local or other tax laws and the possible effects of changes in federal or other tax laws.

Alternative Treatments. There is no judicial or administrative authority discussing how your notes should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Therefore, the Internal Revenue Service might assert that a treatment other than that described above is more appropriate. In particular, the Internal Revenue Service could treat your notes as short-term contingent debt instruments. The discussion below addresses the tax treatment of your notes if they are treated as short-term contingent debt instruments.

Although there is no authority that specifically addresses the tax treatment of short-term notes that provide for contingent payments, it is likely that you should not recognize any income prior to the sale, exchange, redemption or maturity of the notes. If you are an initial purchaser of the notes, upon the maturity of your notes you should recognize either ordinary income or short-term capital loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount you receive with respect to your notes at such time and the amount you paid for your notes. Upon a sale, exchange or redemption of your notes prior to the maturity of your notes, it would be reasonable for you to recognize short-term capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount you paid for your notes and the amount received by you upon such sale, exchange or redemption, unless you sell, exchange or redeem your notes between the determination date and the maturity date, in which case it would be reasonable for you to treat substantially all of any gain that you recognize as ordinary income and any loss that you recognize as a short-term capital loss. You may be required to defer interest deductions that are allocable to your purchase of the notes. For more information, please see the discussion under “United States Taxation — Taxation of Debt Securities — United States Holders — Short-Term Debt Securities” in the accompanying prospectus.

It is also possible that your notes could be treated in the manner described above, except that any gain or loss that you recognize at maturity would be treated as ordinary gain or loss. You should consult your tax advisor as to the tax consequences of such characterization and any possible alternative characterizations of your notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

It is also possible that the Internal Revenue Service could assert that Section 1256 of the Internal Revenue Code should apply to your notes. If Section 1256 were to apply to your notes, gain or loss

PS-23

 


 

 

recognized with respect to your notes would be treated as 60% long-term capital gain or loss and 40% short-term capital gain or loss, without regard to your holding period in the notes. You would also be required to mark your notes to market at the end of each year (i.e., recognize income as if the notes had been sold for fair market value). Alternatively, it is also possible that you could be required to recognize gain or loss each time a WTI crude oil futures contract or an ICE Brent Crude futures contract rolls. Such gain or loss may also be subject to Section 1256 as discussed above, under which 60% of the gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss and 40% will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.

It is possible that the Internal Revenue Service could seek to characterize your notes in a manner that results in tax consequences to you that are different from those described above. You should consult your tax advisor as to the tax consequences of any possible alternative characterizations of your notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Possible Change in Law

In 2007, legislation was introduced in Congress that, if enacted, would have required holders that acquired instruments such as your notes after the bill was enacted to accrue interest income over the term of such instruments even though there will be no interest payments over the term of such instruments.  It is not possible to predict whether a similar or identical bill will be enacted in the future, or whether any such bill would affect the tax treatment of your notes.

In addition, on December 7, 2007, the Internal Revenue Service released a notice stating that the Internal Revenue Service and the Treasury Department are actively considering issuing guidance regarding the proper U.S. federal income tax treatment of an instrument such as the offered notes including whether the holders should be required to accrue ordinary income on a current basis and whether gain or loss should be ordinary or capital. It is not possible to determine what guidance they will ultimately issue, if any. It is possible, however, that under such guidance, holders of the notes will ultimately be required to accrue income currently and this could be applied on a retroactive basis.  The Internal Revenue Service and the Treasury Department are also considering other relevant issues, including whether foreign holders of such instruments should be subject to withholding tax on any deemed income accruals, and whether the special “constructive ownership rules” of Section 1260 of the Internal Revenue Code might be applied to such instruments.  Except to the extent otherwise provided by law, we intend to continue treating the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes in accordance with the treatment described above unless and until such time as Congress, the Treasury Department or the Internal Revenue Service determine that some other treatment is more appropriate.

It is impossible to predict what any such legislation or administrative or regulatory guidance might provide, and whether the effective date of any legislation or guidance will affect notes that were issued before the date that such legislation or guidance is issued.  You are urged to consult your tax advisor as to the possibility that any legislative or administrative action may adversely affect the tax treatment of your notes.

United States Alien Holders

This section applies to you only if you are a United States alien holder.  You are a United States alien holder if you are the beneficial owner of the notes and are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

a nonresident alien individual;

 

a foreign corporation; or

 

an estate or trust that in either case is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis on income or gain from the notes.

You will be subject to generally applicable information reporting and backup withholding requirements as discussed in the accompanying prospectus under “United States Taxation — Taxation of Debt Securities — Backup Withholding and Information Reporting — United States Alien Holders” with respect

PS-24

 


 

 

to payments on your notes and, notwithstanding that we do not intend to treat the notes as debt for tax purposes, we intend to backup withhold on such payments with respect to your notes unless you comply with the requirements necessary to avoid backup withholding on debt instruments (in which case you will not be subject to such backup withholding) as set forth under “United States Taxation – Taxation of Debt Securities – United States Alien Holders” in the accompanying prospectus.

Furthermore, on December 7, 2007, the Internal Revenue Service released Notice 2008‑2 soliciting comments from the public on various issues, including whether instruments such as your notes should be subject to withholding.  It is therefore possible that rules will be issued in the future, possibly with retroactive effects, that would cause payments on your notes to be subject to withholding, even if you comply with certification requirements as to your foreign status.

As discussed above, alternative characterizations of the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes are possible. Should an alternative characterization of the notes, by reason of a change or clarification of the law, by regulation or otherwise, cause payments with respect to the notes to become subject to withholding tax, we will withhold tax at the applicable statutory rate and we will not make payments of any additional amounts. Prospective United States alien holders of the notes should consult their tax advisors in this regard.

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) Withholding

Pursuant to Treasury regulations, Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) withholding (as described in “United States Taxation—Taxation of Debt Securities—Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) Withholding” in the accompanying prospectus) will generally apply to obligations that are issued on or after July 1, 2014; therefore, the notes will generally be subject to the FATCA withholding rules. Pursuant to recently proposed regulations, the Treasury Department has indicated its intent to eliminate the requirements under FATCA of withholding on gross proceeds from the sale, exchange, maturity or other disposition of relevant financial instruments. The Treasury Department has indicated that taxpayers may rely on these proposed regulations pending their finalization.

 

 

 

PS-25

 


 

 

We have not authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained or incorporated by reference in this pricing supplement, the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737, the accompanying prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.  We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you.  This pricing supplement, the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737, the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is an offer to sell only the notes offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so.  The information contained in this pricing supplement, the accompanying commodity terms supplement no. 1,737, the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is current only as of the respective dates of such documents.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pricing Supplement

Summary Information

PS-3

Hypothetical Examples

PS-7

Additional Risk Factors Specific to Your Notes

PS-10

The Underliers

PS-17

Supplemental Discussion of Federal Income Tax Consequences

PS-22

 

 

Commodity terms supplement no. 1,737 dated July 10, 2017

Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes

S-1

Supplemental Terms of the Notes

S-16

The Underliers

S-30

Commodity Indices

S-30

Bloomberg Commodity Index

S-31

S&P GSCI Commodity Index

S-39

Spot Prices of Physical Commodities

S-46

Spot Price of Copper

S-46

Spot Price of Gold

S-46

Spot Price of Silver

S-47

Spot Price of Zinc

S-47

Commodity Futures Contracts

S-49

Price of the Brent Crude Contract

S-49

Price of the Corn Contract

S-50

Price of the Gasoline Contract

S-50

Price of the Natural Gas Contract

S-51

Price of the Soybean Contract

S-51

Price of the Wheat Contract

S-51

Price of the WTI Crude Oil Contract

S-52

Use of Proceeds

S-53

Hedging

S-53

Employee Retirement Income Security Act

S-54

Supplemental Plan of Distribution

S-55

Conflicts of Interest

S-56

 

 

Prospectus Supplement dated July 10, 2017

Use of Proceeds

S-2

Description of Notes We May Offer

S-3

Considerations Relating to Indexed Notes

S-15

United States Taxation

S-18

Employee Retirement Income Security Act

S-19

Supplemental Plan of Distribution

S-20

Validity of the Notes and Guarantees

S-21

 

 

Prospectus dated July 10, 2017

Available Information

2

Prospectus Summary

4

Risks Relating to Regulatory Resolution Strategies and Long-Term Debt Requirements

8

Use of Proceeds

11

Description of Debt Securities We May Offer

12

Description of Warrants We May Offer

45

Description of Units We May Offer

60

GS Finance Corp.

65

Legal Ownership and Book-Entry Issuance

67

Considerations Relating to Floating Rate Debt Securities

72

Considerations Relating to Indexed Securities

73

Considerations Relating to Securities Denominated or Payable in or Linked to a Non-U.S. Dollar Currency

74

United States Taxation

77

Plan of Distribution

92

Conflicts of Interest

94

Employee Retirement Income Security Act

95

Validity of the Securities and Guarantees

95

Experts

96

Review of Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements by Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

96

Cautionary Statement Pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995

96

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

GS Finance Corp.

 

 

Autocallable Commodity-Linked Notes due

 

guaranteed by

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

 

 


Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC

 

 

 

 

 

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