PART I
ITEM 1.
|
IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
|
Not Applicable.
ITEM 2.
|
OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
|
Not Applicable.
|
A.
|
Selected Financial Data
|
We have derived our selected consolidated statement of comprehensive income data for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and
2013 and the selected consolidated statement of financial position data as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 from our audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. Our selected consolidated statement of comprehensive
income data for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009 and 2010 and the selected consolidated statement of financial position data as of March 31, 2009 and 2010 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements not
included in this annual report. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, or IASB.
You should read the selected consolidated financial data set forth below in conjunction with the related notes and Item 5.
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.
|
|
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|
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|
For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except number of shares and per share data)
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Data
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
Revenues
|
|
|
207,239
|
|
|
|
544,258
|
|
|
|
675,294
|
|
|
|
685,563
|
|
|
|
601,107
|
|
|
|
96,784
|
|
Cost of revenues from third parties
|
|
|
(134,558
|
)
|
|
|
(353,106
|
)
|
|
|
(461,422
|
)
|
|
|
(465,479
|
)
|
|
|
(412,246
|
)
|
|
|
(66,376
|
)
|
Cost of revenues from related parties
|
|
|
(129
|
)
|
|
|
(1,245
|
)
|
|
|
(3,415
|
)
|
|
|
(5,546
|
)
|
|
|
(6,534
|
)
|
|
|
(1,052
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
72,552
|
|
|
|
189,907
|
|
|
|
210,457
|
|
|
|
214,538
|
|
|
|
182,327
|
|
|
|
29,356
|
|
Research and development expenses
|
|
|
(12,902
|
)
|
|
|
(26,900
|
)
|
|
|
(52,260
|
)
|
|
|
(71,088
|
)
|
|
|
(73,027
|
)
|
|
|
(11,758
|
)
|
Sales and marketing expenses
|
|
|
(5,293
|
)
|
|
|
(21,511
|
)
|
|
|
(38,200
|
)
|
|
|
(37,361
|
)
|
|
|
(35,369
|
)
|
|
|
(5,695
|
)
|
General and administration expenses
|
|
|
(16,725
|
)
|
|
|
(17,507
|
)
|
|
|
(98,938
|
)
|
|
|
(83,996
|
)
|
|
|
(69,491
|
)
|
|
|
(11,189
|
)
|
Other operating income, net
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
3,675
|
|
|
|
2,320
|
|
|
|
374
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Profit from operations
|
|
|
37,632
|
|
|
|
123,989
|
|
|
|
21,059
|
|
|
|
25,768
|
|
|
|
6,760
|
|
|
|
1,088
|
|
Other gains and losses
|
|
|
857
|
|
|
|
3,531
|
|
|
|
11,179
|
|
|
|
11,649
|
|
|
|
15,531
|
|
|
|
2,502
|
|
Impairment of investment in an associate
|
|
|
|
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|
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(5,760
|
)
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|
|
|
|
|
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(1,367
|
)
|
|
|
(221
|
)
|
Finance costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,417
|
)
|
|
|
(4,333
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Share of results of associates
|
|
|
(83
|
)
|
|
|
(1,255
|
)
|
|
|
(6,012
|
)
|
|
|
(886
|
)
|
|
|
(935
|
)
|
|
|
(151
|
)
|
Gain (loss) on changes in fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
(134,616
|
)
|
|
|
(290,135
|
)
|
|
|
106,684
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Gain (loss) on changes in fair value of warrants
|
|
|
(18,423
|
)
|
|
|
(7,548
|
)
|
|
|
7,377
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(44,439
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Profit (loss) before tax
|
|
|
(114,633
|
)
|
|
|
(221,274
|
)
|
|
|
130,194
|
|
|
|
36,531
|
|
|
|
19,989
|
|
|
|
3,218
|
|
Income tax benefit (expense)
|
|
|
1,180
|
|
|
|
(8,528
|
)
|
|
|
5,367
|
|
|
|
(3,602
|
)
|
|
|
(2,733
|
)
|
|
|
(440
|
)
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
Profit (loss) for the year
|
|
|
(113,453
|
)
|
|
|
(229,802
|
)
|
|
|
135,561
|
|
|
|
32,929
|
|
|
|
17,256
|
|
|
|
2,778
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year
|
|
|
(113,453
|
)
|
|
|
(229,802
|
)
|
|
|
135,561
|
|
|
|
32,929
|
|
|
|
17,256
|
|
|
|
2,778
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Profit (loss) and total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to:
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
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|
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|
Owners of the Company
|
|
|
(113,453
|
)
|
|
|
(229,802
|
)
|
|
|
136,310
|
|
|
|
32,969
|
|
|
|
17,112
|
|
|
|
2,755
|
|
Non-controlling interests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(749
|
)
|
|
|
(40
|
)
|
|
|
144
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(113,453
|
)
|
|
|
(229,802
|
)
|
|
|
135,561
|
|
|
|
32,929
|
|
|
|
17,256
|
|
|
|
2,778
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Earnings (loss) per share:
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
(0.76
|
)
|
|
|
(1.53
|
)
|
|
|
0.74
|
|
|
|
0.13
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
(0.76
|
)
|
|
|
(1.53
|
)
|
|
|
0.06
|
|
|
|
0.13
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings (loss) per ADS
(1)
:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
(6.08
|
)
|
|
|
(12.24
|
)
|
|
|
5.92
|
|
|
|
1.01
|
|
|
|
0.53
|
|
|
|
0.08
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
(6.08
|
)
|
|
|
(12.24
|
)
|
|
|
0.48
|
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
|
|
0.53
|
|
|
|
0.08
|
|
(1)
|
Each ADS represents eight common shares.
|
2
The following table sets forth the reconciliation of non-IFRS net profit for the year, a
non-IFRS financial measure, from loss or profit for the year, our most directly comparable financial measure presented in accordance with IFRS, for the periods indicated.
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|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Non-IFRS Financial Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IFRS Profit (loss) for the period
|
|
|
(113,453
|
)
|
|
|
(229,802
|
)
|
|
|
135,561
|
|
|
|
32,929
|
|
|
|
17,256
|
|
|
|
2,778
|
|
Share-based compensation charges
|
|
|
5,421
|
|
|
|
3,606
|
|
|
|
50,290
|
|
|
|
45,683
|
|
|
|
24,457
|
|
|
|
3,938
|
|
Initial public offering expenses charged into current expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,659
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss (gain) on changes in fair value of warrants
|
|
|
18,423
|
|
|
|
7,548
|
|
|
|
(7,377
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss (gain) on changes in fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
134,616
|
|
|
|
290,135
|
|
|
|
(106,684
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
44,439
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange gain relating to gain on changes in fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares and
warrants
|
|
|
(755
|
)
|
|
|
(256
|
)
|
|
|
(12,240
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reversal of withholding tax on shareholding dividend
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8,305
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-IFRS net profit for the period
(2)
|
|
|
44,252
|
|
|
|
115,670
|
|
|
|
54,904
|
|
|
|
78,612
|
|
|
|
41,713
|
|
|
|
6,716
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Reversal of withholding tax on shareholding dividend represents the reversal of the accrued withholding tax related to the dividend to preferred shareholders.
|
(2)
|
We define non-IFRS net profit for the period, a non-IFRS financial measure, as profit (loss) for the period excluding share-based compensation charges, loss from
initial public offering expenses charged into current expenses, loss (gain) on changes in the fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares and warrants, loss on the modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares and the foreign
exchange gain relating thereto, and the reversal of withholding tax on shareholding dividends. We review non-IFRS net profit for the period together with profit (loss) for the period to obtain a better understanding of our operating performance. We
also believe it is useful supplemental information for investors and analysts to assess our operating performance without the effect of non-cash share-based compensation charges, loss from initial public offering expenses charged into current
expenses, loss (gain) on changes in the fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares and warrants, loss on the modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares and the foreign exchange gain relating thereto, and the reversal of
withholding tax on shareholding dividends. However, the use of non-IFRS net profit for the period has material limitations as an analytical tool. One of the limitations of using non-IFRS net profit for the period is that it does not include all
items that affect our profit (loss) for the period. In addition, because non-IFRS net profit for the period is not calculated in the same manner by all companies, it may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies.
In light of the foregoing limitations, you should not consider non-IFRS net profit for the period in isolation from or as an alternative to total profit (loss) or other financial measures prepared in accordance with IFRS.
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
27,618
|
|
|
|
75,105
|
|
|
|
367,214
|
|
|
|
137,538
|
|
|
|
135,025
|
|
|
|
21,740
|
|
Term deposits
|
|
|
15,000
|
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
152,718
|
|
|
|
438,393
|
|
|
|
473,277
|
|
|
|
76,202
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
102,324
|
|
|
|
292,491
|
|
|
|
656,543
|
|
|
|
718,751
|
|
|
|
741,140
|
|
|
|
119,330
|
|
Convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
161,584
|
|
|
|
451,491
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
211,829
|
|
|
|
600,003
|
|
|
|
155,003
|
|
|
|
138,516
|
|
|
|
140,022
|
|
|
|
22,545
|
|
Total equity (deficit)
|
|
|
(109,505
|
)
|
|
|
(307,512
|
)
|
|
|
501,540
|
|
|
|
580,235
|
|
|
|
601,118
|
|
|
|
96,785
|
|
Total equity and liabilities
|
|
|
102,324
|
|
|
|
292,491
|
|
|
|
656,543
|
|
|
|
718,751
|
|
|
|
741,140
|
|
|
|
119,330
|
|
Share capital
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
Dividends
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,250
|
|
|
|
13,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share
|
|
|
(0.76
|
)
|
|
|
(1.53
|
)
|
|
|
0.74
|
|
|
|
0.13
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
|
|
|
(0.76
|
)
|
|
|
(1.53
|
)
|
|
|
0.06
|
|
|
|
0.13
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
Exchange Rate Information
Our business is primarily conducted in China and almost all of our revenues are denominated in RMB. This annual report contains translations of RMB amounts into U.S. dollars based on the noon buying rate
on March 29, 2013, as set forth in H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board. For your convenience, this annual report contains translations of some RMB or U.S. dollar amounts for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 at
US$1.00: RMB6.2108, which was the noon buying rate in effect as of March 29, 2013. The prevailing rate on June 21, 2013 was US$1.00: RMB6.1328. We make no representation that any RMB or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be,
converted into U.S. dollars or RMB, as the case may be, at any particular rate, the rates stated below, or at all. The PRC government imposes control over its foreign currency reserves in part through direct regulation of the conversion of RMB into
foreign currency and through restrictions on foreign exchange activities.
The following table sets forth information
concerning exchange rates between the RMB and the U.S. dollar for the periods indicated. These rates are provided solely for your convenience and are not necessarily the exchange rates that we used in this annual report or will use in the
preparation of our other periodic reports or any other information to be provided to you. The source of these rates is H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Noon Buying Rate
|
|
Period
|
|
Period End
|
|
|
Average
(1)
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2009
|
|
|
6.8329
|
|
|
|
6.8532
|
|
|
|
7.0185
|
|
|
|
6.7800
|
|
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2010
|
|
|
6.8258
|
|
|
|
6.8268
|
|
|
|
6.8371
|
|
|
|
6.8176
|
|
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2011
|
|
|
6.5483
|
|
|
|
6.6972
|
|
|
|
6.8323
|
|
|
|
6.5483
|
|
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2012
|
|
|
6.2975
|
|
|
|
6.3980
|
|
|
|
6.5477
|
|
|
|
6.2935
|
|
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2013
|
|
|
6.2108
|
|
|
|
6.2783
|
|
|
|
6.3684
|
|
|
|
6.2108
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December
|
|
|
6.2301
|
|
|
|
6.2328
|
|
|
|
6.2502
|
|
|
|
6.2251
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January
|
|
|
6.2186
|
|
|
|
6.2215
|
|
|
|
6.2303
|
|
|
|
6.2134
|
|
February
|
|
|
6.2213
|
|
|
|
6.2323
|
|
|
|
6.2438
|
|
|
|
6.2213
|
|
March
|
|
|
6.2108
|
|
|
|
6.2154
|
|
|
|
6.2246
|
|
|
|
6.2105
|
|
April
|
|
|
6.1647
|
|
|
|
6.1861
|
|
|
|
6.2078
|
|
|
|
6.1647
|
|
May
|
|
|
6.1340
|
|
|
|
6.1416
|
|
|
|
6.1665
|
|
|
|
6.1213
|
|
June (through June 21, 2013)
|
|
|
6.1328
|
|
|
|
6.1307
|
|
|
|
6.1359
|
|
|
|
6.1248
|
|
(1)
|
Annual averages were calculated by using the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the relevant year. Monthly averages are calculated by
using the average of the daily rates during the relevant month.
|
|
B.
|
Capitalization and Indebtedness
|
Not Applicable.
|
C.
|
Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
|
Not Applicable.
4
Risks Related to Our
Business and Our Industry
We have a limited operating history and the long-term potential of our business model is unproven, which makes
it difficult to evaluate our business.
We commenced our business in 2005 and launched Maopao for feature phones and
smartphones in December 2006 and May 2012, respectively. As such, we have a limited operating history for you to evaluate our business, financial performance and prospects. Our business model is relatively new in China.
We may not be able to maintain our past results or growth in future periods. Our business model may become obsolete due to the
development of other business models or technologies, such as mobile browser technologies. It is also difficult to evaluate our prospects because we may not have sufficient experience to address the risks frequently encountered by early stage
companies entering new and rapidly evolving markets, such as the mobile application store market.
We generated net profit in
the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Our ability to maintain profitability depends on, among other factors, the growth of the mobile applications industry, the continued acceptance of Maopao and the applications and content
available on Maopao by our users, our ability to provide new applications and other content to meet the demands of our users, our ability to maintain good relationships with industry participants and our ability to control our costs and expenses. We
may not be able to sustain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. Accordingly, you should not rely on our results of operations for any prior periods as an indication of our future performance.
Significant changes in the policies, guidelines or practices of mobile network operators or the PRC government with respect to mobile applications
and other content may result in lower revenues or additional costs for us and materially adversely affect our business operations, financial condition and results of operations.
PRC mobile network operators may issue new policies or guidelines or change business practices that affect all mobile service providers
and companies using their networks. Because we rely on mobile service providers, who in turn rely on their relationships with mobile network operators, and our direct cooperative relationship with a certain mobile network operator, a significant
change in mobile network operators policies or guidelines may cause our revenues to decrease or operating costs to increase. Furthermore, mobile service providers and our company are subject to review by mobile network operators from time to
time and may lose access to certain mobile network operators billing channels. Our financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected by policy or guideline changes by PRC mobile network operators.
For example, in November 2009, China Mobile implemented a series of measures targeted at eliminating offensive or unauthorized content,
including pornographic content, on PRC-based WAP sites. As a result, China Mobile and other PRC mobile network operators suspended billing for their users for all WAP and G+ mobile gaming platform services, including those services that do not
contain offensive or unauthorized content, on behalf of third-party mobile service providers of such services.
In January
2010, China Mobile began implementing a series of additional measures targeted at improving the user experience for mobile handset embedded services. Under these measures, mobile applications and other content that are embedded in handsets are
required to contain additional notices and confirmations to users during the purchase of such mobile applications and content. In addition, services based on SMS short codes are required to be more tailored to the specific mobile applications and
content offerings or service providers.
Such measures make it more burdensome for users to purchase applications and content
through our application store. As a result, some users have purchased fewer applications and less content through Maopao or even ceased purchasing through Maopao entirely. Furthermore, since September 2010, China Mobile has applied a set of new
measures that require users to send triple confirmation SMSs before a transaction can be effected. When more SMSs need to be transmitted to effect the same volume of transactions, we face more billing and transmission failures. The foregoing
developments adversely affected our revenues.
5
In the third and fourth quarters of 2010, users of one mobile network operator who wanted
to download applications or play games had difficulty accessing our servers hosted by a competing telecommunication network operator, which adversely affected our revenues in those periods. We moved our servers to a new hosting company in December
2010 to resolve this issue. Since then we have not experienced the same problems. However, a similar problem could occur in the future, which could materially reduce our revenues. Partly due to the triple-confirmation-SMS measures adopted by China
Mobile, our application store revenue has been declining since September 2010. If the government or mobile network operators impose similar or more stringent measures, our results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
PRC mobile network operators or the PRC government could introduce additional requirements with respect to the procedures for ordering
monthly subscriptions or single-transaction downloads of applications and other content offered through Maopao, notifications to users, the billing of users or other consumer-protection measures or adopt other policies that may require significant
changes in the way we promote and sell the applications and content on Maopao, any of which could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our failure to maintain cooperative relationships with handset companies to pre-install our application store onto mobile handsets or to cooperate with additional handset companies would result in a
decrease in our market share.
We rely on handset companies to pre-install our mobile application store onto their
mobile phones, which is the primary way we have developed our large user base. We had entered into cooperation agreements with over 1,170 feature phone and 106 smartphone handset companies as of March 31, 2013 to pre-install Maopao on their
products. Our agreements with handset companies are generally for one or two year terms and usually contain automatic renewal provisions.
Due to our reliance on handset companies to pre-install Maopao on mobile phones, any loss of or deterioration in our existing relationships with handset companies, or our failure to cooperate with
additional handset companies, particularly those with a substantial market share or growth potential, would decrease the number of our users and our market share. In addition, our handset company partners face fierce competition in an industry
characterized by evolving technological standards.
Our handset company partners that traditionally produced feature phones
have experienced market share declines and their low-cost smartphone products remain new to the market. If our partners lose their market share, our revenues would decrease. Furthermore, the amount paid to handset companies under sales proceeds
sharing arrangements has constituted a significant portion of our total cost of revenues in recent years. Unfavorable changes to our sharing arrangements with handset companies could adversely affect our results of operations.
Handset companies often pre-install other mobile application stores in addition to Maopao, which could adversely affect purchases of
applications and content on Maopao, decreasing our revenues. In addition, certain handset companies may consider entering the mobile application store market, adversely affecting our relationships with handset companies.
Our failure to increase the installed base of Maopao among low-cost handsets would adversely affect our market share and results of operations.
Maopao is pre-installed primarily on low-cost handsets such as feature phones and low-cost smartphones. Our ability
to increase the installed base of Maopao depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control. Feature phone handset sales in China experienced high growth in the past, but this trend has changed. The feature phone handset market has
declined since the second half of 2012. With the transition from feature phones to smartphones in Chinas mobile phone industry, smartphones are becoming more affordable and the number of Chinese smartphone users has increased, making low-cost
smartphone products competitive. On one hand, Chinas handset market is rapidly evolving, and new entrants in this market often emerge. On the other hand, sales of handsets, particularly low-cost handsets, are affected by changing consumer
tastes, market trends and other factors. Therefore, handset companies and design houses occupying leading market positions in one year may lose a substantial portion of their market share the next year.
6
Although we work with low-cost handset manufacturers and brands that hold a large aggregate
market share in China, these handset companies may not maintain their market share. In addition, mobile carrier-subsidized handsets, most of which have other mobile application stores pre-installed, historically have had a relatively large market
share in China, and their market share in China is growing due to increasing customer acceptance, which may adversely affect our ability to pre-install Maopao onto handsets, particularly low-cost handsets. Our failure to increase the installed base
of Maopao among low-cost handsets would adversely affect our market share and results of operations.
We may face increased competition,
which could reduce our market share and materially adversely affect our results of operations.
The mobile
application store market in China is highly competitive. The market is characterized by the frequent introduction of new products and services, short product life cycles, evolving industry standards, improved performance characteristics, rapid
adoption of technological and product advancement, and price sensitivity on the part of users. We compete directly with:
|
|
|
other independent application store operators that offer mobile application stores similar to ours, such as NetDragon Websoft Inc. and Shanghai Coolbar
Co., Ltd.;
|
|
|
|
handset companies that have developed their own proprietary application stores, such as iTunes App Store on iPhones and other mobile devices from Apple
Inc.;
|
|
|
|
mobile software providers, such as Guangzhou Ucfly Company, which has developed UCWeb, a mobile handset browser;
|
|
|
|
mobile operating systems that have their own application stores, such as Android or Windows Phone;
|
|
|
|
mobile network operators that provide their own application stores, such as Monternet Mobile Market from China Mobile and the UNI-Info Platform from
China Unicom; and
|
|
|
|
large Chinese Internet companies that may develop and operate their own mobile application stores, such as Qihoo 360, Alibaba, Tencent and Baidu.
|
We may also face alliances between our existing and new competitors and new competitors may emerge. For
example, mobile service providers, handset companies or other parties may introduce a mobile application store or other business model to compete with us. In addition, some wireless communication chip manufacturers have launched or plan to launch
their own application stores. With more industry entrants, aggressive price cutting by competitors may reduce our gross margins.
Some of our competitors have significantly greater financial, technological and marketing resources, stronger relationships with industry participants and a larger portfolio of content offerings than we
do. Some of our competitors, especially major foreign mobile application store providers, have greater development experience and resources than we have. If new competitors enter the market or competition among existing competitors intensifies, we
may have to provide more favorable revenue sharing arrangements to industry participants working with us, which could adversely affect our profitability. If we fail to compete effectively, our market share would decrease and our results of
operations would suffer.
We depend on mobile service providers, and ultimately mobile network operators, for the collection of a
substantial majority of our revenues, and any loss of or deterioration in our relationships with mobile service providers, or a disruption in our mobile service providers relationships with mobile network operators, may result in severe
disruptions to our operations and loss of revenues.
For the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2013, we
collected a substantial majority of our revenues through mobile service providers, who utilize mobile network operators billing channels pursuant to their agreements with mobile network operators. As of March 31, 2013, we had entered into
agreements with over 50 mobile service providers, such as Kongzhong, Rock.com and Sohu.com. Our agreements with mobile service providers are generally for one to three year terms and many include automatic renewal provisions. We usually renew these
agreements or enter into new ones when the prior agreements expire, but, on occasion, the renewals or new contracts can be delayed for periods of one month or more.
7
Although we collect payments directly from China Mobile for a significant portion of our
revenues, we rely primarily on mobile service providers for collection of sales proceeds from users and they in turn depend on mobile network operators to provide billing and collection services. Three mobile network operators, namely China Mobile,
China Unicom and China Telecom, dominate the wireless telecommunications sector in China. As China Mobile has the largest subscriber base in China, we have collected a significant majority of our sales proceeds through China Mobile. Because these
large mobile network operators, particularly China Mobile, hold a dominant position in Chinas mobile market, mobile service providers face significant risks with respect to their arrangements with mobile network operators, which could affect
our business and results of operations.
For example, since late 2009, these mobile network operators have increased their
monitoring of inappropriate mobile content and activities through quality control procedures on services provided by mobile service providers. They unilaterally terminated services provided by some mobile service providers due to these mobile
service providers alleged provision of inappropriate content in violation of regulatory requirements or due to their charging users service fees without consent. Although we may switch to another mobile service provider if a service
providers payment channel becomes unavailable or its collection performance deteriorates, such a change could result in delays and lower revenues. In addition, because we rely on mobile service providers to collect sales proceeds from our
users, any loss of or deterioration in our relationships with mobile service providers or a disruption in our mobile service providers relationships with mobile network operators may severely disrupt our operations, decrease revenues,
potential credit risk of our trade receivables and materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
If we
fail to maintain cooperative relationships with mobile network operators, our revenues and growth prospects may be adversely affected.
We have a strategic cooperative relationship with China Mobile, the largest mobile network operator in China. From fiscal 2013, we strengthened our cooperative relationship with China Mobile to allow us
to offer mobile content and applications to mobile phone users through its gaming platform. China Mobile has granted us access to their fee collection codes, allowing us to collect proceeds without using mobile service providers as intermediaries.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, our relationship with China Mobile accounted for approximately 19.5% of our revenues.
We plan to maximize our cooperation with China Mobile and expect to establish similar cooperative relationships with other mobile network operators. However, we may not be able to establish such
cooperative relationships with other mobile network operators. If we fail to maintain such relationships, we may not be able to find appropriate replacement operators and our business and prospects may be adversely affected. Furthermore, mobile
network operators monitor our operations and if we fail to comply with their policies or guidelines, they may impose sanctions, including denying us access to their billing channels, adversely affecting our financial condition and results of
operations.
We depend on the billing and collection systems of mobile network operators and mobile service providers. The inaccuracy of
these systems or deterioration in the financial condition of mobile network operators and mobile service providers could affect our business and results of operations.
We depend directly and indirectly on mobile network operators to maintain accurate records of payments by users and collect such
payments. We receive periodic statements from mobile network operators and mobile service providers that indicate the aggregate amount of fees charged to users for purchases of our mobile applications and content. While we conduct independent
sampling tests to verify information provided to us, our sampling is on a relatively small scale compared to total transaction volume and the inaccuracies found are usually resolved through negotiations with mobile service providers. Our business
and results of operations could be adversely affected if the mobile network operators or mobile service providers miscalculate the revenues generated from the sales of our mobile applications and content.
8
We generally offer our mobile service providers and mobile network operators credit terms
ranging from 60 to 90 days. Receivables from our top ten mobile service providers accounted for approximately 68.5% and 38.4% of our total trade receivables as of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, respectively. Receivables from China
Mobile accounted for 43.3% of our total trade receivables as of March 31, 2013. Failure to timely collect our receivables from mobile service providers or mobile network operators may adversely affect our cash flows. Our mobile service
providers may from time to time experience cash flow difficulties. Consequently, they may delay their payments to us. Any inability of mobile service providers to pay us may adversely affect our earnings and cash flows.
Our revenues and cost of revenues are affected by billing and transmission failures that are often beyond our control. Failure to implement a new
system to correctly record billing and transmission failures in a timely manner could harm the credibility of our system and our relationships with industry participants.
After a mobile user confirms a purchase of mobile applications or other content, the mobile service provider will send the user a
confirmation SMS with transaction details and send a simultaneous message to the mobile network operator, which we refer to as a message original, or MO. We also record such transactions on Maopao. Upon receiving the MO data, the mobile network
operator will verify the execution of a transaction. If the transaction has been effected, the mobile network operator usually will receive, from the users mobile phone, a confirmation message, which we refer to as a message received, or MR.
Based on MR data, mobile network operators record the transactions and bill the user.
The MR data are usually lower than the
MO data for various reasons, including:
|
|
|
the mobile network operator experiences technical problems with its network that prevent the transmission of MR data;
|
|
|
|
the delivery of mobile applications and content through Maopao to a user is prevented because the users phone is turned off for an extended
period of time, or the users prepaid phone card has run out of value; and
|
|
|
|
we experience technical problems with Maopao that prevent the delivery of our applications and content.
|
These situations are known in the industry as billing and transmission failures. In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, the
monthly MR amounts we received from mobile network operators were approximately 10% to 20% lower than the monthly MO amounts recorded on Maopao.
We recognize our revenues based on MR data. In line with industry practice, we make payments to content providers and handset companies based on our MO data rather than MR data, because MR data generally
does not contain sufficient information to enable us to identify which application or content title is purchased through which handset model. Consequently, share of sales proceeds based on MO data may not accurately reflect content providers
and handset companies contribution to transactions. Recognizing the difference between MO and MR data, we apply discount ratios to our MO data to account for billing and transmission failures.
Policy changes by PRC government authorities and mobile network operators may augment billing and transmission failures. Due to a change
in China Mobiles practices, since January 2010 we have not been able to match the data of an individual download with a particular content and handset model. Since that time, we have calculated the sales proceeds payable to individual content
providers and handset companies based on the number of application and content downloads recorded by our servers attributable to the relevant content and handset models as a percentage of the aggregate number of downloads recorded by our servers
during the relevant periods. Our relationship with a content provider or a handset company may suffer if the company believes that the amount we have paid for its products or services since China Mobiles practice change in January 2010 did not
accurately reflect the amount it is entitled to receive pursuant to the terms of its contract.
In August 2010, we
implemented a new system that provides a more reliable estimate matching the MO data provided by the mobile service providers and mobile network operators with individual user transactions recorded by our transaction clearing system. However, if we
fail to verify the accuracy of data provided by this system in a timely manner, we may not be able to accurately reward third-party content providers and handset companies, which could harm the credibility of our system and adversely affect our
relationships with them.
9
We depend on China Mobile for the billing and collection of our revenues from China Mobiles
gaming platform. China Mobiles billing and collection policies or practices may result in lower revenues and may adversely affect our results of operations.
We have collected a significant portion of our revenues directly through China Mobiles gaming platform since we entered into our cooperation agreement with China Mobile in late 2012. For the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, our relationship with China Mobile accounted for approximately 19.5% of our revenues. We depend on China Mobile to maintain accurate records of payments by users and collect payments. Since China Mobile
collects revenues directly without the use of intermediaries, we have lower billing and transmission failure rates, resulting in higher profit margins.
However, China Mobile may issue new policies or change business practices that may affect our results of operations. For example, in 2012, China Mobile decided to implement more stringent measures
with respect to its billing and collection practices. Under these measures, if China Mobile detects abnormal data transmissions in billing, the underlying transaction will be considered suspicious and the proceeds associated with such
transaction will be written off.
China Mobile may implement new policies or change existing policies with respect to its
billing and collection practices. New policies may cause our revenues to decrease, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We focus on the feature phone market and are new entrants to the smartphone market, but the market share of feature phones has been declining with the growth of smartphones in China. If the
feature phone market continues to shrink and we fail to capture opportunities in the expected growth of the smartphone market, our growth prospects could be materially adversely affected.
We primarily work with handset companies designing and manufacturing feature phones, which are losing market share to smartphones.
Primarily as a result of the declining share of the feature phone market in China, our application store revenues in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 decreased by 30.1% compared to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.
Smartphones are already popular in developed countries and are gaining popularity in China, which challenges feature phones market
position in the Chinese handset market. Smartphones are technologically advanced devices with personal computer-level versatility that operate advanced operating systems such as Android, Apples iOS, BlackBerry OS, Linux, Symbian and
Windows Phone. Smartphones are becoming more affordable in China partly because of PRC government-subsidized programs. Smartphones are usually characterized by more powerful processors, larger screens and higher data storage capacity than
feature phones, and are able to easily install and run high performance multimedia applications.
We expect that smartphones
will gain popularity in China and that feature phone users will migrate to smartphones. We are in the process of transitioning the focus of our mobile application business to expand our smartphones user base and pursue monetization opportunities in
the low-cost handset sector.
We have designed versions of our Maopao application store which can be downloaded over the air
to smartphones with operating systems such as Symbian and Android. However, downloading and installing these customized versions is not as convenient to users as accessing Maopao pre-installed on their handsets. The Smartphone platform is an open
platform, which is more competitive than the feature phone platform. If an application or content takes too long to be installed or downloaded, the user may stop installing that application.
If we do not provide downloadable and installable applications and content for our customers, our smartphone user base may not grow as
expected. In addition, although we are actively pursuing opportunities to pre-install our Maopao on smartphones, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully enhance or maintain our sales volumes and market share as smartphones become
increasingly popular. If the feature phone market continues to decline, and we fail to capture the opportunities in the growing smartphone market, our results of operations and financial position could be materially adversely affected.
10
Our smartphone products operate mainly on Android-based operating systems. If Android fails to
maintain market share in the smartphone segment, our smartphone business may be adversely affected.
As of June 2013,
Android is the dominant smartphone operating system in China, especially in the low cost smartphone market. Our current smartphone products are developed for and operate solely on Android-based operating systems. Android may face competition from
existing operating systems such as Apples iOS, Microsofts Windows Phone, Blackberry OS and Symbian, and the mobile device operating system market may see new entrants. We cannot assure you that Android-based operating systems will
continue to maintain or grow their market shares. If non Android-based smartphones capture significant market share, we will need to redevelop our products and services. If we are unable to develop products and services successfully on new and
emerging operating systems, our smartphone user base may decline and our growth prospects could be adversely affected.
If our
smartphone series of products do not achieve wide market acceptance or if we fail to generate profits with respect to such products, our results of operations may be adversely affected.
In May 2012, we launched a new version of our Maopao application store for smartphones, in particular Android-based smartphones, which
we believe will be one of the major smartphone operating systems in China. We have accumulated 18.5 million smartphone users through our smartphone application store. We also launched a series of smartphone products, including Maopao browser
and Maopao assistant, a hardware tool designed to facilitate installation of Maopao on smartphones. However, we are new entrants to the smartphone market and we have limited development and operating experience in this emerging market, which has
different characteristics than the feature phone market.
For example, the smartphone market employs open-source technologies
by which our users can freely download our applications through alternative sources and without accessing our application store. We cannot assure you that we can keep up with the technical developments of the smartphone market to provide quality
smartphone products or that we can successfully establish relationships with smartphone companies and increase or maintain the volume or market share of mobile handsets with Maopao pre-installed. In addition, many smartphone companies have developed
their own application stores. Even if Maopao is installed on smartphones, we will compete with the application stores operated by these smartphone companies and smartphone users may not use the applications and content on Maopao at the same level as
they use feature phones.
As community-based applications and other content offered through Maopao among feature phones are expected to
account for an increasing portion of our future revenues, any adverse developments relating to such content may adversely affect our results of operations.
We anticipate that community-based applications with social network functions, such as mobile social games, will generate an increasing percentage of our revenues in the foreseeable future. However, we
began operating pilot mobile social games in 2008 and have limited experience in this area. In addition, community-based applications require a substantial number of users to reach critical mass and may result in the concentration of users in
certain applications or titles. For example, in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, we estimate that Fantasy of the Three Kingdoms, our top-selling mobile game, accounted for a substantial majority of our Maopao Community revenues through K
Currency, the primary form of payment allowed for purchases in the Maopao Community.
We are also enhancing our efforts in
marketing mobile applications and content with social network functions, though our experience in that field is limited. Accordingly, any of the following could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations:
|
|
|
any reduction in or failure to grow the user base of our community-based applications and other content provided through Maopao;
|
|
|
|
any decrease in the popularity of our community-based applications and content or any decrease in their purchases due to intensifying competition or
other factors;
|
|
|
|
failure by us or third-party content providers to make quality upgrades, enhancements or improvements to these applications and content in a timely
manner in response to user preferences;
|
11
|
|
|
failure by us or third-party content providers to develop and launch new community-based applications and content appealing to users;
|
|
|
|
our failure to efficiently operate community-based applications and content and provide effective customer service;
|
|
|
|
our failure to comply with regulatory requirements with respect to these applications and content; or
|
|
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any breach of related software security, prolonged server interruption due to network failures, hacking activities or other factors or any other
adverse developments relating to these applications and content.
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As mobile social games are expected to account for a
substantial portion of our revenues generated from smartphone products, any adverse developments relating to such content may adversely affect our results of operations.
We anticipate that revenue generated from our mobile social games will account for a substantial portion of the revenues from our
smartphone products in the foreseeable future. Social games require a substantial number of users to reach critical mass and may result in the concentration of users in certain titles. We are enhancing our efforts in developing and marketing social
games because of the expected growth of the social game market. Accordingly, any of the following could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations:
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we fail to grow the user base of the existing social games;
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our existing social games decline in popularity due to intensifying competition or other factors;
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we fail to make quality upgrades, enhancements or improvements to social games in a timely manner in response to user preferences;
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we fail to develop and launch new social games that appeal to users;
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we fail to efficiently operate social games and provide effective customer service;
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we fail to comply with regulatory requirements with respect to social games; or
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breaches of software security, prolonged server interruption due to network failures, hacking activities or other factors or any other adverse
developments relating to social games.
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Laws and regulations regulating mobile social games in China are developing
and may change. If we fail to obtain or maintain all applicable permits and approvals, our business and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.
Operating mobile social games in China requires a series of permits and approvals. For example, we have obtained a license from the Ministry of Culture with respect to the operation of mobile social
games. In addition, the Internet publication of mobile social games requires pre-approval from the General Administration of Press and Publication, or GAPP. We operate a substantial majority of our mobile social games in collaboration with third
parties such as content providers, and such third parties are in charge of obtaining the approvals from GAPP. For the remaining mobile social games we operate, we are responsible for obtaining approvals from GAPP. Because the requirement for GAPP
approval of mobile social games was imposed in late 2009 and the approval process is lengthy, GAPP has not yet approved any mobile social games that we operate. With respect to the games that we operate alone, we have not submitted applications for
GAPP approval as we are first required to obtain an online publication license from GAPP. We have started the process of obtaining such a license. We cannot assure you that we can obtain an online publication license in a timely manner or at all.
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With respect to the games that we operate in collaboration with third parties, third
parties have submitted applications for GAPP approval for some of the games. We have requested other third parties to submit applications to GAPP for approval of the other games as soon as possible. In case we or such third parties cannot obtain
GAPP approval, we may be subject to various penalties, including fines and discontinuation of operation of the relevant games. As mobile social games are at an early stage of development in China, new laws and regulations may require additional
licenses and permits. As a result, substantial uncertainties exist regarding the interpretation and implementation of PRC laws and regulations applicable to the operation of mobile social games. We cannot assure you that we will be able to timely
obtain required licenses or any other new license required, and we may be found in violation of PRC laws and regulations.
The PRC
government has introduced various measures aimed at regulating online games, the provision of virtual currency and other related content. If we are deemed to have violated any of the rules and regulations, we may be subject to penalties and our
results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
On June 3, 2010, the PRC Ministry of Culture, or
the MOC, issued the Tentative Rule on Administration of Online Games, or the Rule on Online Games, effective as of August 1, 2010. According to the Rule on Online Games, companies that plan to engage in the operation of online games, issue
virtual currency and provide virtual currency transaction services must obtain a license from the provincial counterpart of the MOC. This rule also regulates content review and other aspects of the operation of online games as well as virtual
currency transaction services. See Item 4. Information on the Company B. Business Overview Regulations.
In addition, the Notice on the Reinforcement of the Administration of Internet Cafés and Online Games, or the Internet Cafés Notice, issued by the MOC in February 2007, directs the
Peoples Bank of China, or PBOC, to strengthen the administration of virtual currency in online games to avoid any adverse impact on the PRC economy and financial system. This notice provides that the total amount of virtual currency issued by
online game operators and the amount purchased by individual game players should be strictly limited, with a strict and clear division between virtual transactions and real transactions carried out by way of electronic commerce. This notice also
provides that virtual currency should only be used to purchase in-game items.
Our mobile games, including both single-player
games and mobile social games, may be subject to government approval before placement on Maopao. All of our revenues from mobile social games are collected through the sale of our virtual currency, the K Currency. Our item-based revenue model may
cause additional concerns with PRC regulators who have been implementing regulations intended to limit the total amount of virtual currency issued by online game operators and the amount purchased by an individual game player. The restrictions
imposed by the above rules may result in lower sales of our virtual currency, and could adversely affect our game revenues. If our operations or the applications and content on Maopao are deemed to have violated any of these rules and regulations,
we may be subject to penalties and our results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
We may not be successful in
effectively promoting or developing our brand.
Enhancing the awareness of our Maopao brand among users
and establishing it as a consumer brand with high recognition forms an integral part of our growth strategy. We believe our future success depends on, among other things, market recognition and acceptance of our Maopao brand. We lack
experience in promoting or developing our brand among users. To effectively promote our brand, we must build and maintain our brand image by focusing on a variety of promotional and marketing activities to promote brand awareness. If we cannot
effectively promote or develop our brands, our growth may be adversely affected.
In addition, negative publicity or disputes
regarding our brand, offerings, company or management could materially adversely affect public perception of our brand. Many of the factors that affect our brand may be outside our control. Industry participants, including handset companies and
content providers working with us could taint our brand because of concerns over the quality of their products and services. Any impact on our ability to effectively promote our brand or any significant damage to our brands image could
materially adversely affect our sales, profits and prospects.
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Our ability to generate revenues could suffer if the PRC market for mobile application stores and
advanced applications and content does not develop as anticipated.
The mobile application store market in China has
evolved rapidly in recent years, with the introduction of new business models, changing user preferences, the increasing popularity of smartphones over feature phones, new service and product offerings, new competitors and evolving strategies by
existing competitors. We expect these trends to continue, and we must adapt our strategy to successfully compete in our market.
In particular, we are focused on offering a wide range of applications and other content via our mobile application store for handsets using wireless technologies by cooperating with industry
participants, including content providers, mobile service providers, Chinese handset companies and mobile network operators. As smartphones are increasingly popular in China, we are in the process of transitioning the focus of our mobile application
business to expand our smartphones user base and pursue monetization opportunities in the low-cost handset sector.
However,
mobile phone users and industry participants may not accept or promote our technologies, business model and offerings. In addition, numerous other technologies and business models in varying stages of development, such as mobile tablets, netbooks
and other mobile Internet devices involving fourth generation mobile technologies, could render certain current technologies or applications obsolete.
Accordingly, it is extremely difficult to accurately predict user demand for offerings, and the future size, composition and growth of this market. Furthermore, given the limited history and rapidly
evolving nature of our market, we cannot predict the price that users will be willing to pay for offerings provided through our mobile application store or whether users will have concerns over security, reliability, cost and quality of service
associated with our offerings. If acceptance of our mobile application store is different than anticipated, our ability to maintain or increase our revenues and profits could be materially adversely affected.
Regulation and censorship of information disseminated over the Internet and wireless telecommunication networks in China may adversely affect our
business, and we may be liable for information displayed on, retrieved from or linked to our Maopao application store.
China has enacted regulations governing telecommunication mobile service providers, Internet and wireless access and the distribution of
news and other information over the Internet and wireless telecommunication networks. Under these regulations, Internet content providers and Internet publishers, such as our company, are prohibited from posting or displaying over the Internet or
wireless networks content that, among other things, violates PRC laws and regulations, impairs the national dignity of China, or is obscene, superstitious, fraudulent or defamatory. When Internet content providers and Internet publishers find that
information falling within the categories above is transmitted on their websites or platforms, they must terminate the transmission or delete such information immediately, maintain records of the violations and report the violations to the
authorities.
Failure to comply with these requirements could result in the revocation of required licenses and the closure
of the websites or platforms involved. The website or platform operator may also be held liable for such prohibited information displayed on, retrieved from or linked to such website or platform. Mobile network operators such as China Mobile also
have their own policies prohibiting or restricting the distribution of inappropriate content. Since December 2009, the Chinese government has been increasing its efforts to crack down on inappropriate content disseminated over the Internet and
wireless networks.
On December 15, 2009, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the PRC, or MIIT,
issued the Notice Regarding Plan for Further Regulating Obscene Materials on Mobile Phones, or Circular 672. Under Circular 672, mobile network operators are required to examine their business and promotional channels, as well as the business of
their partners, and must immediately terminate such business if any obscene material is involved. Mobile service providers involved in distributing or publishing obscene material on mobile handsets are subject to immediate suspension or termination
of cooperation with mobile network operators, and a violation will be reported to the authorities. Mobile network operators and mobile service providers must examine all websites accessed through mobile handsets and conduct daily inspections of such
websites. If any obscene material is found, access and transmission must cease and be reported to authorities.
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On June 3, 2010, the MOC issued the Rule on Online Games, according to which companies
that plan to operate online games, issue virtual currency and provide virtual currency transaction services must obtain a license from the provincial counterpart of the MOC. The MOC is responsible for content review of online games. Online game
operators are also required to establish a self-censorship mechanism and ensure the lawfulness of the content of their games and corporate operations. On January 30, 2013, the State Council issued the Decision of the State Council on Revising
the Regulations on the Protection of Right of Dissemination via Information Network (Order No. 634). Order No. 634 became effective on March 1, 2013. According to Order No. 632, the fines against several
infringement acts of right of dissemination via information network have been increased. A fine of five times of the illegal business revenue or RMB 250,000 may be imposed.
As these regulations are relatively new and subject to interpretation by the authorities, we may not be able to determine the type of content that could result in liability as a mobile application store
operator. Although we may determine that the mobile applications and content provided on Maopao comply with regulatory requirements, regulatory authorities may hold a different view. In addition, we may not be able to control or restrict the content
of other Internet content providers linked to or accessible through Maopao, despite our attempt to monitor such content. For example, many of the industry participants with which we work, such as handset companies and content providers, have access
to the technology used to develop applications for Maopao. Personnel who have access to our technology may develop malware and other inappropriate content.
Although we control the content displayed on Maopao, a distributor of malware or other inappropriate content developed in our proprietary format could disseminate such content directly through the
Internet without accessing our Maopao server and users may download such content onto their mobile handsets. To the extent that regulatory authorities find any portion of the applications and content on Maopao objectionable, they may require us to
limit or eliminate the dissemination of such information or otherwise curtail such content on Maopao, which may reduce our user traffic.
We may be subject to significant penalties for violations of regulations arising from information displayed on, retrieved from or linked to Maopao, including a suspension or shutdown of our operations.
Any violation, or perceived violation, of such regulations may subject us to claims of contractual breaches from the industry participants we work with, including mobile service providers and handset companies, and we may face suspensions or
termination of our cooperative relationships with other industry participants and/or claims for monetary damages, and our financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.
Potential problems encountered when we implement a new system to record user data may lead to user dissatisfaction and loss of revenues, which may
adversely affect our results of operations.
In August 2010, we implemented a new system to record user data and
match most MO data provided by the mobile service providers and mobile network operators with individual user transactions recorded by our transaction clearing system. This data record system allows us to verify the accuracy of records provided to
us by mobile service providers and more accurately calculate the fees payable to industry participants such as handset companies and content providers. In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, we determined that in approximately 5% to 10% of
transactions, users may not be able to access the applications or content they chose after they confirm a purchase, which results in a failed purchase and lost revenues. We cannot assure you that the rate of failed purchases will decrease, resulting
in user dissatisfaction and loss of revenues, and adversely affecting our results of operations.
We rely on third-party content
providers for a majority of the applications and content available on Maopao on feature phones and smartphones. Our failure to license or otherwise obtain applications or content that meet user demand would materially adversely affect our business.
We contract with third-party content providers to offer their mobile applications and other content through our
mobile application store. A majority of our licensing arrangements with these third parties are short-term and do not guarantee the continuation or renewal of these arrangements on reasonable terms, or at all. Most licensing arrangements,
particularly those for simple applications and single-player games, have an exclusivity period of only three to six months, if any. Some third-party content providers may offer competing mobile applications and content, and could make it more
difficult or impossible for us to license their content in the future. Other content owners, providers or distributors may seek to limit our access to, or increase the total cost of, such content.
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There is no assurance that content providers will continue to develop and maintain
applications and other content for our mobile application store on a timely basis or at all. If we cannot offer a wide variety of mobile content at reasonable prices with acceptable usage rules, our financial condition and operating results may be
materially adversely affected. If content licensed to us is also available to other application store operators or other competitors because our licenses are not exclusive or the exclusivity period has expired, the popularity of Maopao and our
ability to generate profits may be adversely affected. For example, since the expiration of the three-month exclusivity period for the mobile social game Fantasy of the Three Kingdoms, we have faced competition from other application stores that
offer the same game.
Furthermore, we develop certain applications and content available on Maopao in-house. For example, we
developed our card game center in-house. Such development may negatively affect the decisions of content providers to develop, maintain and upgrade similar or competitive applications for Maopao. If content providers focus their efforts on competing
mobile application stores, the availability and quality of applications for Maopao may suffer.
If we are unable to successfully
develop, license, launch and operate additional mobile applications and other attractive content that grows our user base and increases our revenues, our results of operations will be adversely affected.
We will need to develop, license, launch and operate mobile games and other popular content to replace our mobile games and other
content as they reach the end of their useful economic lives to meet our strategy of offering content that expands our user base and increases our revenues.
We are developing applications and other content in-house as well as licensing new mobile applications and other content from third parties. The success of our mobile application store will largely depend
on our ability to anticipate and effectively respond to changing user tastes and preferences and technological advances in a timely manner. We cannot assure you that we can identify and license from third parties appropriate mobile games and other
applications and content on reasonable terms or at all, nor can we assure you that the mobile applications and other content we license or develop will be launched as scheduled, viewed by the regulatory authorities as complying with content
restrictions, attractive to users, able to compete with mobile applications and other content offered by our competitors, or commercially successful.
In addition, as we introduce content, some of our existing users may switch to new content. If this transfer of users from our existing mobile applications and other content does not grow our overall user
base and revenues, our growth and profitability may be materially adversely affected. If we are not able to develop, license or acquire mobile applications and other content that are commercially successful and appeal to users, our profitability and
growth prospects will decline.
Our failure to anticipate or successfully implement new technologies could render Maopao platform
uncompetitive or obsolete and reduce our revenues and market share.
The mobile applications industry is developing
rapidly. We invest in our proprietary feature phone Maopao application store and related technologies, including standard software development kits and tool suites that are critical to our success. We need to anticipate the emergence of new
technologies to assess their market acceptance and keep pace with technological advances in order to make our technologies, product offerings and development capabilities competitive in the market. We also need to invest significant financial
resources in research, development and operations to penetrate the emerging smartphone market.
However, development
activities are inherently uncertain, and we might encounter practical difficulties in commercializing our products. Our significant expenditures on research and development may not generate corresponding benefits. Given the fast pace with which
mobile application store technology has developed, we may not be able to timely improve Maopao and related technologies in an efficient and cost-effective manner, or at all. New technologies in our industry could render the technologies and product
offerings that we are developing or expect to develop obsolete or uncompetitive, decreasing our revenues and market share.
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Undetected programming errors or flaws in our mobile application store or applications could harm our
reputation or decrease market acceptance of Maopao.
Our mobile application store and applications available through
our store, such as mobile social games, which are subject to frequent improvement and update, may contain errors or flaws that may only become apparent when mobile users access the updated application store and applications, particularly as we
launch new features and updates under tight time constraints. We mostly rely on our users to inform us of programming flaws affecting their experience, and we are generally able to resolve such flaws promptly.
However, if we do not promptly resolve programming errors or flaws, we may lose users and our revenues, our reputation and the market
acceptance of Maopao may suffer. In addition, Chinese government authorities have promulgated rules and regulations targeting mobile service providers that charge for applications and other content without user consent. If a programming error or
flaw in Maopao inadvertently charges users without consent, we may be subject to administrative penalties and fines.
Failure to
maintain effective customer service could harm our reputation or decrease market acceptance of Maopao, which would materially adversely affect out results of operations.
Customer service is critical to retaining current users and attracting potential users, and we may not be able to maintain and improve
the quality of our customer service to meet mobile users expectations. If Maopao or the mobile applications and other content offered through Maopao contains errors or other flaws, or if we otherwise fail to provide effective customer service,
our users may be less inclined to use Maopao or recommend Maopao to other potential users, and may switch to our competitors mobile application stores.
Some China-based Internet companies have experienced group complaints, sometimes organized by their competitors or people attempting to profit from such complaints. If we face similar group complaints in
a short time frame, we may not be able to effectively handle customer service requests from our other users. Unsatisfactory customer service can disrupt our operations, adversely affect the user experience, harm our reputation, cause our users to
stop using Maopao, and delay market acceptance of Maopao or the mobile applications and other content offered through Maopao, any of which could materially adversely affect our results of operations.
Unexpected network interruptions, data loss, security breaches, computer virus attacks or other risks relating to the operation of applications on
Maopao could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Any failure to
maintain the satisfactory performance, reliability, security and availability of applications and content available on Maopao may harm our reputation and ability to attract and maintain users. Major risks involved in these applications include,
among others, any breakdowns or system failures in our network infrastructure resulting in a prolonged shutdown of all or a material portion of our servers, including failures attributable to sustained power outages or efforts to gain unauthorized
access to our systems.
Our critical servers and backup servers are both located in Hangzhou, though not in the same
building. As a result, our network systems are vulnerable to damage from natural disasters or accidents affecting the region where these servers or our other network equipment are located, such as fire, flood, power loss, telecommunications
failures, computer viruses, hacking and other similar events. Any network interruption or inadequacy that causes interruptions in the availability of our offerings or a deterioration in the quality of access to our offerings could reduce user
satisfaction and our competitiveness.
In addition, any security breach caused by hacking, which involves efforts to gain
unauthorized access to information or systems, or to cause intentional malfunctions or loss or corruption of data, software, hardware or other computer equipment, and the inadvertent transmission of computer viruses could materially adversely affect
our business, financial condition and results of operations. We do not maintain insurance policies covering losses relating to our systems and we do not have business interruption insurance.
The growth of our business may be adversely affected due to our failure to ensure the security and privacy of confidential user information.
A significant barrier to the development of wireless businesses is the secure transmission of confidential information over the wireless
network. We have implemented an account management system for users of our community-based applications and content and plan to expand this system to all of our users. We rely on proprietary encryption and authentication technology to provide the
security and authentication necessary to effect secure transmission of confidential user information, such as user names and passwords. While we have not experienced any material breach of our security measures to date, advances in technology, new
discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other events or developments could result in a compromise or breach of the algorithms we use to protect user information.
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A party who is able to circumvent these security measures could misappropriate proprietary
information or cause interruptions in our operations. We may be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect against such security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by such breaches. Concerns over the security and
privacy of user information may inhibit the wireless business generally, and our mobile application store in particular. To the extent that our activities involve storing and transmitting proprietary information, security breaches could damage our
reputation and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. There can be no assurance that our security measures will prevent security breaches, and failure to prevent such security breaches may materially adversely affect our
business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
We could be liable for breaches of security of payment processing
agents, which may materially adversely affect our reputation and business.
In addition to collection through mobile
service providers, we collect a small portion of our revenues through payment processing agents, which help us collect sales proceeds through third-party payment channels such as the game cards of third-party companies, other prepaid cards, bank
remittances, China Post and virtual money, among other methods. In transactions utilizing third-party payment channels, secured transmission of confidential information, such as customers card numbers and expiration dates, personal information
and billing addresses, over wireless networks, the Internet and/or third-parties databases, is essential to maintain consumer confidence.
We do not control the security measures of third-party payment channels and we cannot assure you that their security measures will be adequate in light of our expected increased usage of their payment
channels. Security breaches in these payment channels could expose us to litigation and possible liability for failure to secure customer transaction data and could harm our reputation and ability to attract users and discourage users to pay through
these third-party payment channels.
Our business is increasingly subject to the risks of international operations.
International expansion forms an important component of our growth strategy. Expanding our business internationally exposes us to a
number of risks, including:
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fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
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our ability to select the appropriate geographical regions for international expansion;
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difficulty in identifying appropriate local content providers, handset companies, mobile service providers or joint venture partners and establishing
and maintaining good relationships with them;
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difficulty in understanding local markets and cultures;
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compliance with foreign laws and regulations, including import and export requirements, foreign exchange controls and cash repatriation restrictions,
data privacy requirements, labor laws and anti-competition regulations; and
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increased costs associated with doing business in foreign jurisdictions.
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Our financial condition and operating results could be significantly affected by these and other risks associated with international
activities. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to facilitate compliance with laws and regulations in foreign jurisdictions applicable to us, our employees, contractors or agents could violate such laws and regulations or
our policies. Any such violations could materially adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
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Our business could suffer if we do not successfully manage our growth.
We have experienced a period of rapid growth and expansion that has placed and strain on our management personnel, systems and
resources. To accommodate our growth, we may need to implement and maintain a variety of new and improved operational and financial systems, procedures and controls, and improve our accounting and other internal management systems, all of which
require substantial management efforts.
We will also need to expand, train, manage and motivate our workforce, and manage
our relationships with our users and other industry participants, such as content providers, mobile service providers and mobile handset companies. All of these endeavors will require substantial management effort and skill and additional costs. We
cannot assure you that we will be able to efficiently or effectively implement our growth strategies and manage the growth of our operations, and any failure to do so may hamper our business strategy.
We may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property rights, which could harm our business and competitive position.
Trademarks, trade secrets, copyrights and other intellectual property are important to our business. We rely on a
combination of trademark, copyright and trade secret protection laws in China and other jurisdictions, as well as confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions, to protect our intellectual property and our brand. We have invested significant
resources to develop our intellectual property and acquire licenses to use and distribute the intellectual property of others for our business. Our failure to maintain or protect these rights could harm our business. In addition, any unauthorized
use of our intellectual property by third parties may adversely affect our revenues and reputation.
The validity,
enforceability and scope of protection available under intellectual property laws with respect to the mobile and Internet industries in China are uncertain and still evolving. Implementation and enforcement of PRC intellectual property laws have
historically been deficient, ineffective and hampered by corruption and local protectionism. Accordingly, protection of intellectual property rights in China may not be as effective as in the United States or other western countries. Furthermore,
policing unauthorized use of proprietary technology is difficult and expensive, and we may need to resort to litigation to enforce or defend our patents or to determine the enforceability, scope and validity of our proprietary rights or those of
others. Such litigation and an adverse determination in any such litigation could result in substantial costs and divert resources and management attention, which could harm our business and competitive position.
Our results of operations, financial performance and business may suffer from intellectual property rights infringement claims against us.
We could face claims that we are improperly using intellectual property owned by others or otherwise infringing
their intellectual property rights. Third parties license a large portion of the content available on Maopao, including most mobile music and book titles. Although we take measures to ensure that licensors have intellectual property rights with
respect to the licensed content, we may be subject to infringement claims regarding such licensed content.
Regardless of the
validity of such claims, we could incur costs defending or settling any intellectual property disputes alleging infringement. Intellectual property litigation could force us to, among other things, stop offering certain mobile applications or
content, develop non-infringing alternatives or obtain licenses from the owners of the infringed intellectual property. We may not be successful in developing alternatives or in obtaining licenses on reasonable terms or at all, materially adversely
affecting our results of operations, financial performance and business.
We substantially depend on our management and other key
personnel. If we lose their services, we could incur significant costs in finding suitable replacements and our business may be severely disrupted.
Our success heavily depends upon the continued services of our management and other key personnel. In particular, we rely on the expertise and experience of Mr. Michael Tao Song, our chairman and
chief executive officer, Mr. Li Ou, our chief technology officer, Mr. Carl Yeung, our chief financial officer and Mr. Qing Yan, our chief operating officer. If one or more of our senior management or other key personnel were unable or
unwilling to continue in their present positions, we may not be able to replace them easily or at all. Our business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer, and we may incur additional expenses to recruit, train and retain
personnel.
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Mr. Carl Yeung was previously named as a co-defendant in a securities class action
filed against China Natural Gas, Inc., a Delaware corporation whose common shares were listed on the NASDAQ Global Market. Since July 27, 2012, Mr. Carl Yeung has no longer been named as a co-defendant in this action. See Item 8.
Financial Information A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information Legal Proceedings. Any legal proceedings against any of our management members may divert their attention and harm their reputation regardless of
the results of litigation, and may adversely impact our business and reputation.
If any of our management or key personnel
joins a competitor or forms a competing company, we may lose collaborators, suppliers, know-how, key professionals and staff members. Each of our executive officers has entered into an employment agreement and certain confidentiality and
non-competition clauses or agreements with us. However, if any dispute arises with our officers, the non-competition provisions contained in their confidentiality and non-competition clauses or agreements may not be enforceable, especially in China,
where most of these executive officers and key employees reside, on the grounds that we have not provided adequate compensation to these executive officers for their non-competition obligations as required under PRC law.
We may not be successful in attracting and retaining qualified personnel.
We need to hire and retain additional qualified employees to support our operations and planned expansion. Since our industry is
characterized by high demand and intense competition for talent, we may need to offer higher compensation and other benefits in order to retain key personnel, particularly considering our location in Hangzhou, a region less attractive to some
potential employees than cities such as Beijing or Shanghai. We cannot assure you that we will be able to attract or retain the qualified key personnel that we will need to achieve our business objectives. In addition, as our business has grown
rapidly, our ability to train and integrate new employees into our operations may not meet the increasing demands of our business.
Our
principal shareholders have substantial influence over our company and their interests may not be aligned with the interests of our other holders of our common shares and ADSs.
Our principal shareholders, Xplane Ltd., a British Virgin Islands company, and Mr. Tao Song, our chief executive officer and
chairman, held 36.7% and 20% of our outstanding share capital as of June 28, 2013, respectively. Accordingly, Xplane Ltd. and Mr. Song have substantial influence over our business, including decisions regarding mergers, consolidations and
the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, the election of directors and other significant corporate actions. This concentration of ownership may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could deprive our
shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and might reduce the price of our ADSs. Alternatively, our principal shareholders may cause a merger, consolidation or change of control
transaction even our other shareholders oppose such a transaction.
We have limited insurance coverage, which could expose us to
significant costs and business disruption.
Other than insurance for some of our transportation vehicles, we have not
purchased any insurance to cover our assets, property and business. If we were to incur substantial losses or liabilities due to fire, explosion, flood or a wide range of other natural disasters or accidents or business interruption, our financial
condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
The audit report included in this annual report was
prepared by auditors who are not inspected by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and, as a result, you are deprived of the benefits of such inspection.
Our independent registered public accounting firm that issued the audit report included in this annual report filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission, as the auditors of a company that is
traded publicly in the United States and a firm registered with the US Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), or the PCAOB, is required by the laws of the United States to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB to assess its
compliance with the laws of the United States and professional standards. Because our auditors are located in the Peoples Republic of China, where the PCAOB may not conduct inspections without the approval of Chinese authorities, the PCAOB has
not inspected our auditors.
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Inspections of other firms conducted by the PCAOB outside of China have identified
deficiencies in those firms audit procedures and quality control procedures, which may be addressed as part of the inspection process to improve future audit quality. The lack of PCAOB inspections in China prevents the PCAOB from regularly
evaluating our auditors audits and its quality control procedures. As a result, investors may be deprived of the benefits of PCAOB inspections.
The inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of auditors in China makes it more difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of our auditors audit procedures and quality control procedures as
compared to auditors outside of China that are subject to PCAOB inspections. Investors may lose confidence in our reported financial information and procedures and the quality of our financial statements due to this lack of PCAOB inspections.
Recently, the SEC commenced administrative proceedings under Rule 102(e) of its Rules of Practice and also under the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 against the Chinese affiliates of the big four accounting firms, including our auditors, and also against BDO China Dahua CPA Co., Ltd. The Rule 102(e) proceedings initiated by the SEC relate to these
firms failure to produce documents, including audit workpapers, at the request of the SEC pursuant to Section 106 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as the auditors located in the PRC are not in a position lawfully to produce documents
directly to the SEC because of restrictions under PRC law and specific directives issued by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or CSRC. On May 24, 2013, the PCAOB announced that it had entered into a Memorandum of Understanding on
Enforcement Cooperation, or the MOU, with CSRC and the PRC Ministry of Finance, or MOF, which establishes a cooperative framework between the parties for the production and exchange of audit documents relevant to investigations in the United States
and China. The PCAOB continues to be in discussions with the CSRC and MOF to permit joint inspections in China of audit firms that are registered with the PCAOB and audit Chinese companies that trade on U.S. exchanges.
However, the SEC administrative proceedings are ongoing and it is impossible to determine their outcome or the consequences thereof to
us. It is also uncertain what effect the MOU will have on the proceedings. The issues raised by the proceedings are not specific to our auditors or to us, but affect equally all audit firms based in China and all China-based businesses with
securities listed in the United States. However, if the administrative judge were to find in favor of the SEC under the proceeding, then, depending upon the remedies sought by the SEC, these audit firms could be barred from practicing before the
SEC. As a result, listed companies in the United States with major PRC operations may find it difficult or impossible to retain auditors in respect of their operations in the PRC, which may result in their delisting. Moreover, any negative news
about the proceedings against these audit firms may erode investor confidence in China-based, United States listed companies and the market price of the ADSs may be adversely affected.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may be unable to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud, adversely affecting investor
confidence and the market price of our ADSs.
As a public company in the United States, we are subject to the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rules, or Section 404, require us to include a management report which contains managements assessment of the effectiveness of our internal
controls over financial reporting in our annual report.
Our management has concluded that our internal control over
financial reporting is effective as of March 31, 2013. See Item 15. Controls and Procedures. Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial report,
which concludes that our internal control over financial reporting is effective in all material aspects.
If we fail to
maintain the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to conclude that we have effective internal control over financial reporting and our financial statements could become unreliable, which could result in
material misstatements in our financial statements. In addition, if we fail to meet our reporting obligations, investors may lose confidence in our reported financial information. Any of these events could limit our access to capital markets, harm
our results of operations, and decrease the trading price of our ADSs.
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Furthermore, we have incurred and anticipate that we will continue to incur considerable
costs and use significant management time and other resources in an effort to comply with Section 404 and other requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
We may undertake acquisitions, investments, joint ventures or other strategic alliances, which could materially adversely affect our business. In addition, such undertakings may not be
successful.
Our strategy includes plans to grow both organically and through acquisitions, joint ventures or other
strategic alliances. Acquisitions, joint ventures and strategic alliances may expose us to new operational, regulatory and market risks, as well as risks associated with additional capital requirements. We may not be able to identify
suitable acquisition candidates or alliance partners. Even if we identify suitable candidates or partners, we may be unable to complete an acquisition or alliance on terms commercially acceptable to us. If we fail to identify appropriate
candidates or partners, or complete desired acquisitions, we may not be able to implement our strategies effectively or efficiently.
In addition, our ability to successfully integrate acquired companies and their operations may be adversely affected by a number of factors. These factors include:
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diversion of managements attention;
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difficulties in retaining personnel of the acquired companies;
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unanticipated problems or legal liabilities; and
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tax and accounting issues.
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If we fail to integrate acquired companies efficiently, our earnings, revenue growth and business could be negatively affected.
Furthermore, the acquired companies may not perform to our expectations for various reasons, including legislative or regulatory changes that affect the products in which the acquired companies specialize
and the loss of key personnel and users. If we do not realize the benefits envisioned from such acquisitions, joint ventures or other strategic alliances, our overall profitability and growth plans may suffer.
We may not realize gains from our equity investments.
We have made capital investments in a number of emerging companies in the mobile network and mobile games industry. As of March 31, 2013, our equity investments included RMB 22.4 million (US$3.6
million) in 13 companies. We have also invested in one private equity fund targeting the mobile and technology space to achieve long term returns. Our equity investments may fail to appreciate or decline in value and our ability to recover our
investments will depend on the success of the companies in which we invest.
Equity investments involve significant
risks. Any equity investment we make in a company could be subject to dilution as a result of the issuance of additional equity interests. In addition, equity interests are subordinate to indebtedness in the event that the issuer cannot meet
its obligations or files for bankruptcy. In addition, if a company in which we invest requires additional capital and is unable to obtain it, we may not recover our investment.
We may not recover our equity investments if the companies in which we invest do not perform well and we could incur impairment losses,
which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations. For example, we recognized a RMB5.8 million impairment of our investment in Hangzhou Guanzhun Technologies Co., Ltd., or Guanzhun, during the fiscal year ended March 31,
2011, and a RMB1.4 million (US $0.2 million) impairment of our investment in Beijing DigiMobi Studio Co., Ltd., or DigiMobi, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, due to the continuing poor business performance and negative cash flow
forecast of the two entities.
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We may be unable to secure additional funding or to obtain such funding on favorable terms.
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents and the anticipated cash flow from operations will be
sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for the next 12 months. We may, however, require additional cash resources to finance our growth or other future developments, including investments or acquisitions. The amount and timing of such
additional financing needs will vary principally depending on the timing of new product or service launches, investments or acquisitions, and cash flow from our operations.
If our resources are insufficient to satisfy our cash requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. The sale of additional equity securities or
securities convertible into our common shares could result in additional dilution to our shareholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would
restrict our operations.
Our ability to obtain additional capital on acceptable terms is subject to a variety of
uncertainties, including:
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investors perception of, and demand for, securities of mobile application store operators in China;
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conditions of the United States and other capital markets in which we may seek to raise funds;
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our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows;
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PRC governmental regulation of foreign investment in China;
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economic, political and other conditions in China; and
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PRC governmental policies relating to foreign currency borrowings.
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Financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all, especially if there is a recession or other events
causing volatility in capital markets worldwide.
We may experience fluctuations in quarterly operating results.
Our quarterly operating results have experienced fluctuations due to a variety of factors, including policy changes, the demand for our
offerings and our competitors products and services, the launch of new mobile applications and content through Maopao and our revenue sharing arrangements with industry participants. Although our revenue sharing arrangements with industry
participants vary within a small range, such differences may result in fluctuations in gross margin from period to period.
Our cost of revenues as a percentage of total revenues may be higher in a particular period if a handset company that is entitled to a
relatively higher percentage of sales proceeds introduces a new handset model through which we generate a substantial amount of revenues compared to other periods when revenues are generated through handsets from handset companies that are entitled
to a relatively lower percentage of sales proceeds. In addition, changes in policy and practices by network operators, including China Mobile, may affect the availability of mobile service providers and user experience in a particular period, result
in increased billing and transmission failure rates, cause delays associated with switching from certain service providers to others, and affect our quarterly results of operations.
Our revenues may be affected by seasonality. For example, our revenues tend to be higher during holiday periods when users tend to
purchase more applications and other content through our mobile application store. Such seasonality was less prominent in recent periods during which we achieved significant revenue growth, but may become more prominent in the future. We believe
that period-to-period comparisons of operating results are not necessarily indicative of our future results. If our operating results for any quarterly period fall below investor expectations or estimates by securities research analysts, the trading
price of our ADSs may decline.
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Risks Related to Doing Business in China
Changes in economic and political policies of the PRC government could materially adversely affect the economic growth of China, negatively impacting our business.
We conduct substantially all of our operations in China. Accordingly, our business, results of operations, financial condition and
prospects are subject to a significant degree to economic, political and legal developments in China. Due to the global financial crisis, the growth of the Chinese economy slowed in the second half of 2008 and early 2009. There is also uncertainty
with respect to the Chinese economy for 2013 and beyond. Any prolonged slowdown in the Chinese economy, in particular the mobile applications industry, could negatively impact our business, operating results and financial condition. For example, our
users may decrease spending on our offerings, while we may have difficulty expanding our user base to offset the impact of decreased spending by our existing users.
The PRC government exercises significant control over Chinas economic growth through direct allocation of resources, monetary and tax policies and a host of other government policies, such as those
that encourage or restrict investment in certain industries by foreign investors, control the exchange between RMB and foreign currencies and regulate the growth of the economy or specific markets. Government involvement has been instrumental in
Chinas significant growth in the past 30 years. If the PRC governments policies fail to help the Chinese economy achieve further growth or otherwise negatively affect our business, our growth rate, strategy and results of operations
could be adversely affected.
If the PRC government determines that the contractual arrangements that establish the structure for
operating our business do not comply with applicable PRC laws and regulations, we could be subject to severe penalties.
We are a Cayman Islands company and, as such, we are classified as a foreign enterprise under Chinese law, and our PRC subsidiaries, Hangzhou Dianneng Technologies Co., Ltd., or Dianneng, Pusida (Beijing)
Technologies Co., Ltd., or Pusida, and Hangzhou Tiandian Investment Consulting Co., Ltd., or Tiandian, are foreign-invested enterprises. Various regulations in China restrict foreign-invested entities from holding certain licenses required to
operate mobile application store business, including telecommunications value-added services operation licenses, and from making certain strategic investments in China.
In light of these restrictions, we rely on our SPEs, Hangzhou Sky Network Technologies Co., Ltd., or Hangzhou Sky, Hangzhou Mijia Technologies Co., Ltd., or Mijia, Hangzhou Fanyi Technologies Co., Ltd.,
or Fanyi, Hangzhou Feineng Technologies Co., Ltd., or Feineng, Hangzhou Miyi Technologies Co., Ltd., or Miyi, Hangzhou Najia Technologies Co., Ltd., or Najia, and Shanghai Tianchu Technologies Co., Ltd., or Tianchu, to hold and maintain the licenses
necessary to operate our mobile application store business in China and Hangzhou Sky Investment Co., Ltd., or Hangzhou Investment, to make strategic investments in China. We do not have any equity interest in Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng,
Miyi, Najia, Tianchu or Hangzhou Investment, but receive their economic benefits through various contractual arrangements and certain corporate governance and shareholder rights arrangements.
In addition, we have entered into agreements with Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu, Hangzhou Investment and
each of their shareholders that provide us with the ability to control Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu and Hangzhou Investment. For a description of these contractual arrangements, see Item 4. Information on the
Company B. Organizational Structure Contractual Arrangements with the SPEs and their Shareholders.
Under
the equity pledge agreements included in these contractual arrangements, the shareholders of Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia and Tianchu pledged their respective equity interests in these SPEs to Dianneng and the shareholder of
Hangzhou Investment pledged its equity interests in Hangzhou Investment to Tiandian. According to PRC law, such a pledge must be registered with the relevant administration for industry and commerce. We have registered the pledge of our SPEs
equity interests with the local Administration for Industry and Commerce. However, we cannot assure you that Dianneng and Tiandian will be able to enforce these pledges if PRC laws and regulations applicable to the equity pledge change in the
future.
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The circular Regarding Strengthening the Administration of Foreign Investment in and
Operation of Value-added Telecommunications Business, or the Circular, issued by the MIIT in July 2006, reiterated the regulations on foreign investment in telecommunications businesses, which require foreign investors to set up foreign-invested
enterprises and obtain a business operating license to conduct any value-added telecommunications business in China. Under the Circular, a domestic company that holds a telecommunications value-added services operation license is prohibited from
leasing, transferring or selling the license to foreign investors in any form, and from providing any assistance, including providing resources, sites or facilities, to foreign investors that conduct value-added telecommunications business illegally
in China.
The relevant trademarks and domain names that are used in the value-added telecommunications business must be
owned by the local license holder. The Circular further requires each telecommunications value-added services operation license holder to have the necessary facilities for its approved operations and to maintain such facilities in the regions
covered by its license. In addition, all value-added telecommunications mobile service providers must maintain network and information security in accordance with the standards set forth under relevant PRC regulations. Due to a lack of
interpretative materials from the regulator, it is unclear what impact the Circular will have on us or the other Chinese telecommunications and Internet companies that have adopted the same or similar corporate and contractual structures as ours.
On September 28, 2009, the General Administration of Press and Publication, or GAPP, together with the National
Copyright Administration and the National Office of Combating Pornography and Illegal Publications, jointly issued a Notice on Further Strengthening of the Administration of Pre-examination and Approval of Online Games and the Examination and
Approval of Imported Online Games, or the GAPP Notice. The GAPP Notice provides that foreign investors may not invest in online game operating businesses in China via wholly-owned, equity joint venture or cooperative joint venture investments, and
expressly prohibits foreign investors from gaining control over or participating in domestic online game operators through indirect measures such as establishing joint venture companies or contractual or technical arrangements.
As advised by our PRC counsel, Jincheng Tongda & Neal Law Firm, the provision of the GAPP Notice discussed above with respect
to regulation of online game operation does not apply to us or our subsidiaries or SPEs, nor does it affect our control over our subsidiaries and SPEs. However, substantial uncertainties remain regarding the interpretation and application of the
GAPP Notice. Accordingly, GAPP may ultimately take a view that is contrary to the opinion of our PRC legal counsel. In the event that we or any of our PRC operating companies violate the GAPP Notice in connection with the operation of online games,
GAPP in conjunction with the relevant regulatory authorities would have the power to investigate and deal with such violations, including in serious cases by refusing or cancelling relevant licenses and registrations.
In the opinion of Jincheng Tongda & Neal Law Firm, our PRC counsel, (i) the ownership structure and the business and
operation model of Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu, Dianneng, Hangzhou Investment and Tiandian are in compliance with all existing PRC laws and regulations and (ii) each contract under Diannengs contractual
arrangements with Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu and each of their shareholders and each contract under Tiandians contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Investment and its shareholder is valid and binding and will
not result in any violation of PRC laws or regulations currently in effect. However, we still could be found in violation of any current or future PRC laws and regulations. There are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and
application of PRC laws and regulations, including the Circular and the GAPP Notice. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that PRC regulatory authorities will ultimately take a view that is consistent with the opinion of our PRC counsel.
If we are found to be in violation of any existing or future PRC laws or regulations, including the Circular and the GAPP Notice, or
fail to obtain or maintain any of the required permits or approvals, the relevant regulatory authorities would have broad discretion in dealing with such violation, including, without limitation:
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revoking the business and operating licenses of our wholly owned subsidiaries, consolidated SPEs and subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC;
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discontinuing or restricting any related party transactions among our wholly-owned subsidiaries, consolidated SPEs and subsidiaries incorporated in the
PRC;
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levying fines or imposing other requirements on our wholly owned subsidiaries, consolidated SPEs and subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC;
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requiring us to change our ownership structure or restructure our operations; or
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restricting or prohibiting us from using the proceeds from public offerings to finance our operations in the PRC.
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Any of these or similar actions could significantly disrupt our business and materially reduce our revenues, profitability and cash
flows.
If any of these penalties results in our inability to direct the activities of any of Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi,
Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu or Hangzhou Investment that significantly impacts our economic performance, and/or our failure to receive the economic benefits from any of them, we may not be able to consolidate the financial results of these SPEs
into our consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS.
Our contractual arrangements with the SPEs and their respective
shareholders may not provide control over the SPEs as effectively as direct ownership of these companies.
We conduct
our mobile application store business in China through Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia and Tianchu. In addition, we pursue strategic investment opportunities in China through Hangzhou Investment. We enter into contractual
arrangements with these eight SPEs and their respective shareholders in order to provide us with effective control over these companies. See Item 4. Information on the Company B. Organizational Structure Contractual Arrangements
with the SPEs and their Shareholders.
As a result of these contractual arrangements, we have control over our SPEs.
Accordingly, we consolidate the results of operations, assets and liabilities of the SPEs in our financial statements.
Although Jincheng Tongda & Neal Law Firm, our PRC legal counsel, has advised us that each contract under these contractual
arrangements is valid, binding and enforceable under current PRC laws and regulations, these contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing us with control over the SPEs as direct ownership of these companies. In addition, the SPEs or
their respective shareholders may breach the contractual arrangements.
We cannot assure you that when conflicts of interest
arise, the SPEs and their respective shareholders will act completely in our interests or that these conflicts of interests will be resolved in our favor. In any such event, we would have to rely on legal remedies under PRC law. These remedies may
not always be effective, particularly in light of uncertainties in the PRC legal system. See Risks Related to Doing Business in China Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could materially adversely affect us.
In the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, our SPEs contributed in aggregate 99.5%, 98.9% and 95.8%,
respectively, of our total revenues. In the event that we are unable to enforce the contractual arrangements, we may not be able to direct the activities of our SPEs, and as a result, our ability to conduct our business may be negatively affected,
and we may not be able to consolidate the financial results of the SPEs into our consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS.
We believe that we have the ability to renew the contractual arrangements with our consolidated SPEs when necessary based on (i) our exclusive option to purchase all or part of the equity interests
in our consolidated SPEs, when and to the extent permitted by PRC law, or to request any existing shareholders of our consolidated SPEs to transfer all or part of their equity interests in our consolidated SPEs to another PRC person or entity
designated by us at any time at our discretion, and (ii) the powers of attorney that shareholders of our consolidated SPEs have granted to us.
Our ability to enforce the equity pledge agreements between us and the shareholders of our consolidated SPEs may be subject to limitations imposed by PRC laws, rules and regulations.
Under our equity pledge agreements with our consolidated SPEs and their respective shareholders, these shareholders have agreed to
pledge all of their respective equity interests in the consolidated SPEs to us. These pledges secure the performance of our consolidated SPEs obligations under the various contractual arrangements, including the business operation agreements
and technology development agreements. As of March 31, 2013, the pledges of equity interests by shareholders of our consolidated SPEs were registered with the relevant local branch of the State Administration for Industry & Commerce.
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According to applicable PRC laws, when an obligor fails to pay its debt, the pledgee may
choose to either conclude an agreement with the pledgor to obtain the pledged equity or seek payments from the proceeds of the auction or sale of the pledged equity. If our consolidated SPEs or their shareholders fail to perform their respective
obligations secured by the pledges under the equity pledge agreements, one remedy in the event of default under the equity pledge agreements is to require the pledgor to sell the pledged equity interests in an auction or private sale and remit the
proceeds to our wholly owned subsidiaries in the PRC, net of related taxes and expenses. Such an auction or private sale may not result in our receipt of the full value of the equity interests in our consolidated SPEs.
In addition, the registration forms of the local branch of the State Administration for Industry & Commerce, indicate that, the
amounts of registered equity interests pledged to our wholly owned subsidiaries, Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu and Hangzhou Investment, were RMB10,000,000, RMB10,000,000, RMB10,100,000, RMB1,000,000, RMB1,000,000,
RMB1,000,000, RMB1,000,000 and RMB15,000,000, respectively, which in aggregate represent 100% of the registered capital of our consolidated SPEs.
A PRC court may take the position that the amounts listed on the equity pledge registration forms represent the full amounts of the collateral that have been registered and perfected. In that event, a PRC
court could deem the obligations secured under the equity pledge agreements in excess of the amounts listed on the equity pledge registration forms to be unsecured debt, materially adversely affecting our ability to be repaid.
The shareholders of our consolidated SPEs may have potential conflicts of interest with us, which may substantially disrupt our business.
The registered shareholders of our consolidated SPEs are our current or former directors, officers or employees and
their relatives. For example, Mr. Michael Tao Song, our founder, chairman and chief executive officer, is one of the registered shareholders of Mijia, a consolidated SPE incorporated in 2007. In addition, Mr. Song owned approximately 20%
of our outstanding ordinary shares as of the date of this annual report on Form 20-F. See Item 4. Information on the Company B. Organizational Structure for a list of the registered shareholders of our consolidated SPEs and their
respective shareholdings.
Conflicts of interest may arise with respect to such shareholders duties to us and our
consolidated SPEs. If any conflicts arise, these shareholders may not act in our best interests and such conflicts of interest may not be resolved in our favor. In addition, these shareholders may breach or cause our consolidated SPEs to breach or
refuse to renew their existing contractual arrangements that allow us to exercise effective control over them and to receive economic benefits from them.
The laws of the Cayman Islands provide that directors of a company owe a fiduciary duty to the company, which requires them to act in good faith and in the best interests of the company and not to use
their positions for personal gain. If certain shareholders of our consolidated SPEs do not comply with their fiduciary duties to us as our designated directors, or if we cannot resolve any conflicts of interest or disputes between us and any current
or future registered shareholders of our consolidated SPEs, we would have to rely on legal proceedings to remedy the situation, the outcome of which would be uncertain and which could substantially disrupt our business.
Contractual arrangements we have entered into may be subject to scrutiny by PRC tax authorities, and a finding that we or our SPEs owe additional
taxes could reduce our net income and the value of your investment.
Under applicable PRC laws and regulations,
arrangements and transactions among related parties may be subject to audit or challenge by PRC tax authorities. We could face adverse tax consequences if PRC tax authorities determine that the contractual arrangements between our subsidiaries in
China on the one hand, and Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng and Hangzhou Investment on the other, do not represent an arms-length price and adjust Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu or Hangzhou Investments
income in the form of a transfer pricing adjustment.
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A transfer pricing adjustment could, among other things, result in a reduction, for PRC tax
purposes, of expense deductions recorded by Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu or Hangzhou Investment, which could in turn increase their respective tax liabilities. In addition, PRC tax authorities may impose late payment
fees and other penalties on our SPEs for underpaid taxes. Our net income may be adversely affected if our SPEs tax liabilities increase or if they are found to be subject to late payment fees or other penalties.
Our business benefits from certain government tax incentives. Expiration, reduction or discontinuation of, or changes to, these incentives will
increase our tax burden and reduce our net income.
Hangzhou Sky, as a software enterprise, is entitled
to a full exemption from enterprise income tax, or EIT, in 2008 and 2009 and a 50% reduced EIT rate from 2010 to 2012. The reduced applicable EIT rate for Hangzhou Sky from 2010 to 2012 is 12.5%. In addition, an enterprise qualified as a high
and new technology is entitled to a preferential EIT rate of 15%. Government authorities approved Hangzhou Skys qualification as a high and new technology enterprise in 2011, entitling Hangzhou Sky to a 15% preferential EIT
rate from 2012 to 2014.
After Hangzhou Skys qualification as a software enterprise expires at the end of
2012, it will be entitled to a 15% tax rate as long as it continues to qualify as a high and new technology enterprise. In addition, Mijia, as a software enterprise, is entitled to a full exemption from EIT in 2010 and 2011
and a 50% reduced EIT rate from 2012 to 2014. The reduced applicable EIT rate for Mijia from 2012 to 2014 is 12.5%. After Mijias qualification as a software enterprise expires, its applicable enterprise income tax rate may increase
to up to 25%, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
Furthermore, pursuant to relevant tax rules, each of
Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia and Tianchu is subject to a 3% business tax rate with respect to value-added telecommunications services that fall under the definition of value-added telecommunications services under the Catalog for
Classifications of Telecommunications Businesses. See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Taxation.
Various local governments in China have provided discretionary preferential tax treatments to us. However, these local governments may decide to reduce or eliminate these preferential tax treatments at
any time. Furthermore, these local implementations of tax laws may be found to violate national laws or regulations and we may be subject to retroactive imposition of higher taxes as a result. Any expiration, reduction or discontinuation of, or
changes to, these tax incentives will increase our tax burden and reduce our net income and materially adversely affect our operating results.
We may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have, and
any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us, or the tax implications of making payments to us, could materially adversely affect our ability to conduct our business.
We are a holding company, and we may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity from our subsidiaries in China for our cash
requirements. PRC regulations permit our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and regulations. In addition, each of our subsidiaries in China is
required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profits each year, if any, to fund a statutory reserve until such reserve reaches 50% of its registered capital. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends.
Furthermore, if our subsidiaries in China incur debt in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay
dividends or make other payments to us. Most of our assets are held by, and substantially all of our earnings and cash flows are attributable to, our PRC subsidiaries. If earnings from our PRC subsidiaries were to decline, our earnings and cash flow
would be materially adversely affected.
Our cash flows are principally derived from dividends paid to us by our PRC
subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to distribute dividends largely depends on earnings from our PRC subsidiaries and their ability to pay dividends out of those earnings. We cannot assure you that our PRC subsidiaries will generate sufficient
earnings and cash flows in the future to make up the historical accumulated losses and pay dividends or otherwise distribute sufficient funds to enable us to meet our obligations, pay interest and expenses or declare dividends.
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In addition, under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law and the Implementing Rules, both of
which became effective on January 1, 2008, dividends generated from our PRC subsidiaries after January 1, 2008 and payable to us may be subject to a withholding tax rate of 10% if the PRC tax authorities subsequently determine that we are
a non-resident enterprise, unless a tax treaty with China provides for a different withholding arrangement.
We may be classified as a
resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, which could result in our global income becoming subject to 25% PRC enterprise income tax.
The PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law provides that enterprises established outside of China whose effective management is located in China are considered resident enterprises and will
generally be subject to the uniform 25% EIT rate on global income. Under the implementation regulations, effective management is defined as substantial and overall management and control over such aspects as the production and business,
personnel, accounts and properties of an enterprise.
In April 2009, the State Administration of Taxation released a circular
that sets out the standards and procedures for determining the location of the effective management of an enterprise registered outside of the PRC and funded by Chinese enterprises as controlling investors, or a Chinese Funded
Enterprise. Under the circular, a Chinese Funded Enterprise shall be considered a resident enterprise if all of the following apply: (i) a Chinese Funded Enterprises major management department and personnel who are responsible for
carrying out daily operations are located in the PRC; (ii) the department or the personnel who have the right to decide or approve the Chinese Funded Enterprises financial and human resource matters are located in the PRC; (iii) the
major assets, account book, company seal and meeting minutes of the Chinese Funded Enterprise are located or stored in the PRC; and (iv) the directors or management personnel holding no less than 50% voting rights of the Chinese Funded
Enterprise habitually reside in the PRC.
The circular provides that the above standards shall apply to enterprises
registered outside of the PRC and funded by Chinese enterprises as controlling investors, and therefore such standards may be cited for reference only and may not be directly adopted when considering whether our effective management is
in the PRC or not. Accordingly, it is still uncertain whether we may be considered a resident enterprise under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law. If we are considered a resident enterprise and earn income other than dividends from our PRC subsidiary
such as income from our international operations, we will be subject to a 25% PRC income tax on our global income, which could significantly increase our tax burden and materially adversely affect our cash flow and profitability.
If we are classified as a resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, you may be subject to PRC withholding tax on
dividends from us or to PRC income tax on gains realized on the transfer of our ADSs or common shares.
Under the PRC
Enterprise Income Tax Law and related implementation regulations, PRC income tax at the rate of 10% is applicable to dividends payable to investors that are non-resident enterprises, which do not have an establishment or place of
business in the PRC, or which have such establishment or place of business if the relevant income is not effectively connected with the establishment or place of business, to the extent such dividends have their source within the PRC. Similarly, any
gain realized on the transfer of ADSs or shares by such investors is also subject to 10% PRC income tax if such gain is regarded as income derived from sources within the PRC unless a treaty otherwise provides.
If we are considered a PRC resident enterprise, it is unclear whether dividends we pay with respect to our common shares or
ADSs, or the gain you may realize from the transfer of our common shares or ADSs, would be treated as income derived from sources within the PRC and be subject to PRC tax. If we are required under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law to withhold PRC
income tax on dividends payable to our non-PRC investors that are non-resident enterprises, or if you are required to pay PRC income tax on the transfer of our common shares or ADSs, the value of your investment in our common shares or
ADSs may be materially adversely affected.
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We face uncertainty regarding PRC tax reporting obligations and consequences for certain indirect
transfers of the stock of our operating company.
Pursuant to the Notice on Strengthening Administration of
Enterprise Income Tax for Share Transfers by Non-PRC Resident Enterprises issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation on December 10, 2009, where a foreign investor transfers the equity interests of a PRC resident enterprise indirectly
by way of the sale of equity interests of an overseas holding company, or an Indirect Transfer, and such overseas holding company is located in a tax jurisdiction that: (i) has an effective tax rate less than 12.5% or (ii) does not tax
foreign income of its residents, the foreign investor should report such Indirect Transfer to the competent tax authority of the PRC within 30 days of execution of the equity transfer agreement for such Indirect Transfer.
The PRC tax authority will examine the true nature of the Indirect Transfer, and if the tax authority considers that the foreign
investor has adopted an abusive arrangement without reasonable commercial purposes in order to avoid PRC tax, it will disregard the existence of the overseas holding company used for tax planning purposes and re-characterize the Indirect Transfer.
As a result, gains derived from such Indirect Transfer may be subject to PRC withholding tax at a rate of up to 10%.
Uncertainties with
respect to the PRC legal system could materially adversely affect us.
We conduct our business primarily through our
subsidiaries and SPEs in China. Our operations in China are governed by PRC laws and regulations. The PRC legal system is based on statutes. Prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value.
Since 1979, PRC legislation and regulations have significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments
in China. However, China has not developed a fully integrated legal system and recently enacted laws and regulations may not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities in China. In particular, because these laws and regulations are
relatively new, and because of the limited volume of published decisions and their nonbinding nature, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws and regulations involve uncertainties.
In addition, the PRC legal system is based in part on government policies and internal rules (some of which are not published on a
timely basis or at all) that may have retroactive effect. As a result, we may not be aware of our violation of these policies and rules until some time after the violation. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in
substantial costs and divert resources and management attention.
PRC regulation of loans and direct investment by offshore holding
companies to PRC entities may delay or prevent us from making additional loans or capital contributions to our PRC operating subsidiaries, which could materially adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.
As an offshore holding company of our PRC operating subsidiaries, we may make additional loans to our PRC
subsidiaries, or we may make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries. Loans by us to our subsidiaries in China, which are foreign-invested enterprises, to finance their activities cannot exceed statutory limits and must be
registered with the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, or its local counterpart.
Capital contributions must
be approved by the PRC Ministry of Commerce or its local counterpart. We may not be able to obtain these government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to future capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiaries. If we fail to
receive such approvals, our ability to capitalize our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.
Governmental control of currency conversion may adversely affect the value of your investment.
The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of the RMB into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. We receive substantially all of our revenues in
RMB. Under our current corporate structure, our income primarily comes from dividends and other payments from our PRC subsidiaries. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may restrict the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to remit
sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends or other payments to us, or otherwise satisfy their foreign currency denominated obligations.
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Under PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit
distributions, interest payments and expenditures from trade-related transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements.
However, approval from appropriate government authorities is required where RMB is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of China to pay capital expenses, such as the repayment of loans denominated in foreign currencies.
The PRC government may also at its discretion restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If
the foreign exchange control system prevents us from obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our currency demands, we may not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our shareholders, including holders of our ADSs.
In addition, on August 29, 2008, SAFE promulgated Circular 142 to regulate the conversion of foreign currency into Renminbi by a
foreign-invested company by restricting the use of the converted Renminbi. Circular 142 requires that the registered capital of a foreign-invested company that has been settled in Renminbi converted from foreign currencies may only be used for
purposes within its business scope approved by the applicable governmental authority and may not be used for equity investments within the PRC. In addition, SAFE strengthened its oversight of the flow and use of the registered capital of a
foreign-invested company settled in Renminbi converted from foreign currencies.
The use of such Renminbi capital may not be
changed without SAFEs approval, and may not in any case be used to repay Renminbi loans if the proceeds of such loans have not been used. Violations of Circular 142 will result in severe penalties, such as heavy fines. As a result, Circular
142 may significantly limit our ability to transfer the net proceeds from any offering of our securities to our subsidiaries in the PRC. We may not be able to convert the net proceeds into Renminbi to invest in or acquire any other PRC companies, or
establish other SPEs in the PRC.
On November 16, 2011, SAFE promulgated the Circular of the State Administration of
Foreign Exchange on Issues Relating to Further Clarification and Regulation of Certain Capital Account Items under Foreign Exchange Control (Circular 45) to further strengthen and clarify its existing regulations on foreign exchange
control under SAFE Circular 142. Circular 45 expressly prohibits foreign invested entities, including wholly foreign owned enterprises, from converting registered capital in foreign exchange into RMB for the purpose of equity investment, granting
certain loans, repayment of intercompany loans, and repayment of bank loans which have been transferred to a third party.
Further, Circular 45 generally prohibits a foreign invested entity, such as our PRC subsidiary, from converting registered capital in
foreign exchange into RMB for the payment of various types of cash deposits. If our variable interest entity requires financial support from us or our PRC subsidiary in the future and we find it necessary to use foreign currency-denominated capital
to provide such financial support, our ability to fund our variable interest entitys operations will be subject to statutory limits and restrictions, including those described above.
In light of the various requirements imposed by PRC regulations on loans to and direct investment in PRC entities by offshore holding
companies, including SAFE Circular 142, we cannot assure you that we will be able to complete the necessary government registrations or obtain the necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to future loans by us to our
PRC subsidiary or any consolidated affiliated entities or with respect to future capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiary. If we fail to complete such registrations or obtain such approvals, our ability to capitalize or otherwise fund our
PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.
Fluctuations in the value of the RMB may materially adversely affect the value of your investment.
The value of the RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in political and economic conditions. On July 21, 2005, the PRC
government changed its decade-old policy of pegging the value of the RMB to the U.S. dollar, and the RMB appreciated more than 20% against the U.S. dollar over the following three years. For almost two years after reaching a high against the U.S.
dollar in July 2008, the Renminbi traded within a narrow band against the U.S. dollar, remaining within 1% of its July 2008 high.
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In June 2010, the PRC government announced that it would increase Renminbi exchange rate
flexibility. From June 2010 to March 2012, the RMB appreciated by 7.8% against the U.S. dollar. However, it remains unclear how this flexibility might be implemented. There remains significant international pressure on the PRC government to adopt a
more flexible currency policy, which could result in greater fluctuation of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar.
Substantially all of our revenues, and a significant portion of our financial assets, are denominated in RMB. We principally rely on
dividends and other distributions paid to us by our subsidiaries in China. Any significant revaluation of the RMB may materially adversely affect our cash flows, revenues, earnings and financial position, and the value of, and any dividends payable
on, our ADSs in U.S. dollars. Any fluctuations of the exchange rate between the RMB and the U.S. dollar could also result in foreign currency translation losses for financial reporting purposes.
We may be subject to penalties, including restrictions on our ability to inject capital into our PRC subsidiaries and our PRC subsidiaries
ability to distribute profits to us, if our PRC resident shareholders or beneficial owners fail to comply with relevant PRC foreign exchange rules.
SAFE issued a public notice in October 2005 requiring PRC residents to register with the local SAFE branch before establishing or controlling any company outside of China for the purpose of capital
financing with assets or equities of PRC companies, or an offshore special purpose vehicle. PRC residents that are shareholders and/or beneficial owners of offshore special purpose companies established before November 1, 2005 were
required to register with the local SAFE branch before March 31, 2006.
In addition, any PRC resident that is a
shareholder of an offshore special purpose vehicle is required to amend its SAFE registration with respect to that offshore special purpose company in connection with any increase or decrease of capital, transfer of shares, merger, division, equity
investment or creation of any security interest over any assets located in China or other material changes in share capital. In May 2007, SAFE issued relevant guidance to its local branches with respect to the process for SAFE registration, which
standardized more specific and stringent supervision of the registration relating to the SAFE notice.
As of the date of this
annual report, all of our shareholders and beneficial owners who are subject to the SAFE notice have obtained registration in accordance with its requirements. They are filing amendments on their SAFE registration with respect to the restructuring
of our offshore holding companies as well as the offering and listing of shares of the Company as required under the SAFE notice.
We are committed to comply with the SAFE notice and have taken steps to help ensure that our shareholders and beneficial owners who are subject to the SAFE notice also comply with the relevant rules.
However, we cannot provide any assurance that all of our shareholders and beneficial owners who are PRC residents will comply with our request to make, obtain or update any applicable registrations or comply with other requirements required by the
SAFE notice or other related rules. In case of any non-compliance on any of our PRC resident shareholders or beneficial owners, our PRC subsidiaries and such shareholders and beneficial owners may be subject to fines and other legal sanctions,
including restriction on our ability to contribute additional capital into our PRC subsidiaries and our PRC subsidiaries ability to distribute dividends to our offshore holding companies, which will adversely affect our business.
The approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or the CSRC, may have been required in connection with our initial public offering in
December 2010 under PRC regulations. The regulation also establishes more complex procedures for acquisitions conducted by foreign investors that could make it more difficult for us to grow through acquisitions.
On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies, including the Ministry of Commerce, the State Assets Supervision and Administration
Commission, the State Administration for Taxation, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the CSRC and SAFE jointly adopted the Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors, or the M&A Rule,
which became effective on September 8, 2006. The M&A Rule requires offshore special purpose vehicles that are controlled by PRC companies or residents and that have been formed for the purpose of seeking a public listing on an overseas
stock exchange through acquisitions of PRC domestic companies or assets to obtain CSRC approval prior to publicly listing their securities on an overseas stock exchange.
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On September 21, 2006, the CSRC published a notice on its website specifying the
documents and materials that special purpose vehicles are required to submit when seeking CSRC approval for their listings outside of China. The interpretation and application of the M&A Rule remain unclear, and our initial public offering may
have required approval from the CSRC. If CSRC approval had been required for our initial public offering in December 2010, our failure to obtain or delay in obtaining such approval would subject us to sanctions imposed by the CSRC and other PRC
regulatory agencies, which could include fines and penalties on our operations in China, restrictions or limitations on our ability to pay dividends outside of China, and other forms of sanctions that may materially adversely affect our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
Our PRC counsel, Jincheng Tongda & Neal Law Firm, has advised us
that, based on their understanding of the current PRC laws, regulations and rules and the procedures announced on September 21, 2006, because (i) we established our PRC subsidiaries by means of direct investment other than by merger or
acquisition of the equity or assets of PRC domestic companies and (ii) our contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Sky and Mijia do not constitute the acquisition of Hangzhou Sky and Mijia, we were not required to apply with the CSRC for the
approval of the listing and trading of our ADSs on the NASDAQ Global Market.
The M&A Rule also established additional
procedures and requirements that are expected to make merger and acquisition activities in China by foreign investors more time-consuming and complex, including requirements in some instances that the Ministry of Commerce be notified in advance of
any change-of-control transaction in which a foreign investor takes control of a PRC domestic enterprise, or that the approval from the Ministry of Commerce be obtained in circumstances where overseas companies established or controlled by PRC
enterprises or residents acquire affiliated domestic companies.
We may grow our business in part by acquiring other
companies operating in our industry. Complying with the M&A Rule to complete such transactions could be time-consuming, and any required approval processes, including approval from Ministry of Commerce, may delay or inhibit our ability to
complete such transactions, which could affect our ability to expand our business or maintain our market share.
Failure to obtain or
maintain all applicable permits and approvals would materially adversely affect our business.
Our SPEs may be
required to obtain applicable permits or approvals from relevant regulatory authorities in order to operate. For example, we began to offer mobile video through one of our SPEs in May 2010 but have not generated significant revenues from such
content. Pursuant to PRC regulations, to offer mobile video content, the operating entity is required to obtain an online audio-visual broadcasting license. Further, the regulations only allow state-owned or state-controlled entities to apply for
such license.
One of our SPEs entered into a one-year cooperation agreement with an independent third party with an online
audio-visual broadcasting license in August 2010 pursuant to which we provide our mobile video content jointly with such third party under such third partys license. We renewed this agreement in August 2012. However, the third party could
terminate the cooperation agreement and we may not be able to renew such agreement on terms acceptable to us after such agreement expires in August 2013. In such case, we may not be able to find another third party with an online audio-video
broadcasting license who is willing to enter into a similar cooperation agreement with us and we may not be able to continue providing mobile video content.
In addition, if government authorities challenge our practice, we may be subject to various penalties, including fines and the discontinuation of or restriction on our offering of mobile video subject to
the regulations. Any such disruption in operations would materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
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We face risks of health epidemics and other disasters, which could severely disrupt our operations.
Our business could be materially adversely affected by the outbreak of H1N1, or swine influenza, avian influenza,
severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, influenza A virus subtype H7N9, or another epidemic. In 2009 and early 2010, there were outbreaks of swine influenza in certain regions of the world, including China. In 2006 and 2007, there were reports
of avian influenza in various parts of China, including a few confirmed human cases and deaths. In early 2013, there were outbreaks of influenza A virus subtype H7N9 in nine provinces of China. Any prolonged recurrence of swine influenza, avian
influenza, SARS or other adverse public health developments in China could adversely affect economic activities in China and require the temporary closure of our offices. Such closures could severely disrupt our business and adversely affect our
results of operations.
Our operations are vulnerable to interruption and damage from man-made or natural disasters,
including wars, acts of terrorism, snowstorms, earthquakes, fire, floods, environmental accidents, power loss, communications failures and similar events. If any man-made or natural disaster were to occur in the future, our ability to operate our
business could be seriously impaired.
Labor laws in the PRC may adversely affect our results of operations.
China adopted a labor contract law effective on January 1, 2008 that establishes more restrictions and increases costs for
employers to dismiss employees. For example, the labor contract law requires certain terminations to be based upon seniority and not merit. If we significantly change or decrease our workforce in the PRC, the labor contract law could adversely
affect our ability to effect such changes in a timely and cost effective manner, and our results of operations could be adversely affected.
In addition, the labor contract law requires employers to pay compensation to their employees who agree to bear non-competition obligations on a monthly basis after the employees employments expire
or terminate, which will increase employers operating expenses. According to Interpretation (IV) of the Supreme Peoples Court of Several Issues on the Application of Law in the Trial of Labor Dispute Cases, promulgated on
January 18, 2013, a court will sustain an employees claim of three months compensation even when the employer requests to terminate the non-competition obligations.
We may be adversely affected by the outcome of the administrative proceedings brought by the SEC against five accounting firms in China.
Recently, the SEC commenced administrative proceedings under Rule 102(e) of its Rules of Practice and also under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002 against the Chinese affiliates of the big four accounting firms, including our auditors, and also against BDO China Dahua CPA Co., Ltd. The Rule 102(e) proceedings initiated by the SEC relate to these firms
failure to produce documents, including audit workpapers, at the request of the SEC pursuant to Section 106 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as the auditors located in the PRC are not in a position lawfully to produce documents directly to
the SEC because of restrictions under PRC law and specific directives issued by the China Securities Regulatory Commission.
As the administrative proceedings are ongoing, it is impossible to determine their outcome or the consequences thereof to us. The issues
raised by the proceedings are not specific to our auditors. or to us, but affect equally all audit firms based in China and all China-based businesses with securities listed in the United States. However, if the administrative judge were to find in
favor of the SEC under the proceedings and depending upon the remedies sought by the SEC, these audit firms could be barred from practicing before the SEC. As a result, listed companies in the United States with major PRC operations may find it
difficult or impossible to retain auditors in respect of their operations in the PRC, which may result in their delisting. Moreover, any negative news about the proceedings against these audit firms may erode investor confidence in China-based
companies listed in the United States and the market price of our ADSs may be adversely affected.
Risks Related to Our Shares and ADSs
The market price for our ADSs may be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to you.
The market price for our ADSs may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors such as actual or anticipated
fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations, changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts, changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other companies operating in our industry, announcements by us or our
competitors of material acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments, fluctuations in exchange rates between the RMB and the U.S. dollar, intellectual property litigation, release of lock-up or other transfer
restrictions on our outstanding shares or ADSs, and economic or political conditions in China. In addition, the performance and fluctuation in market prices of other companies with operations located mainly in China that have listed their securities
in the United States may affect the volatility in the price and trading volumes of our ADSs.
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Volatility in global capital markets, as was experienced during the global financial
crisis, could also have an adverse effect on the market price of our ADSs. Furthermore, the securities market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of particular
companies. These market fluctuations may also materially adversely affect the market price of our ADSs.
Future sales or issuances of a
substantial number of our ADSs or common shares could adversely affect the price of our ADSs.
If our shareholders
sell substantial amounts of our ADSs, including those issued upon the exercise of outstanding options, in the public market, the market price of our ADSs could fall. Such sales also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity or
equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate. If any existing shareholder or shareholders sell a substantial amount of common shares, the prevailing market price for our ADSs could decline.
In addition, we may issue additional common shares or ADSs to fund future acquisitions or our operations. Your ownership interest in our
company would be diluted and this, in turn, could materially adversely affect the price of our ADSs.
You may not have the same voting
rights as the holders of our common shares and must act through the depositary to exercise your rights.
As an ADS
holder, you may only exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying common shares in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement. Under the deposit agreement, you must vote by giving voting instructions to the depositary. Upon
receipt of your voting instructions, the depositary will vote the underlying common shares in accordance with these instructions. Otherwise, you will not be able to exercise your right to vote unless you withdraw the common shares underlying your
ADSs.
Pursuant to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, we may convene a shareholders
meeting upon ten clear days notice. When a shareholders meeting is convened, you may not receive sufficient advance notice to withdraw the common shares underlying your ADSs to allow you to vote with respect to any specific matter. If we
give timely notice, the depositary will notify you of the upcoming vote and arrange to deliver our voting materials to you.
We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to instruct the depositary to vote the common shares underlying
your ADSs. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and the
common shares underlying your ADSs may not be voted as you requested.
Your right to participate in any future rights offerings may be
limited, which may dilute your holdings and you may not receive cash dividends if it is impractical to make them available to you.
From time to time, we may distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire our securities. However, we cannot make any such rights available to you in the United States unless we
register such rights and the securities to which such rights relate under the Securities Act or an exemption from the registration requirements is available. Also, under the deposit agreement, the depositary bank will not make rights available to
you unless the distribution to ADS holders of both the rights and any related securities are either registered under the Securities Act or exempt from registration under the Securities Act. We are under no obligation to file a registration statement
with respect to any such rights or securities or to endeavor to cause such a registration statement to be declared effective. Moreover, we may not be able to establish an exemption from registration under the Securities Act. Accordingly, you may be
unable to participate in our rights offerings and may experience dilution in your holdings.
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In addition, the depositary has agreed to pay you the cash dividends or other distributions
it or the custodian receives on our common shares or other deposited securities after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of common shares your ADSs represent. However, the depositary
may, at its discretion, decide that it is inequitable or impractical to make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs. For example, the depositary may determine that it is not practicable to distribute certain property through the mail, or
that the value of certain distributions may be less than the cost of mailing them. In these cases, the depositary may decide not to the such property and you will not receive such distribution.
You may be subject to limitations on the transfer of your ADSs.
Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its transfer books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance
of its duties. In addition, the depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the depositary deem it advisable to do so because of
any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason.
You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through the U.S. federal courts may be limited
because we are organized under Cayman Islands law, conduct substantially all of our operations in China and all of our directors and officers reside outside the United States.
We are organized in the Cayman Islands and substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States. We conduct
substantially all of our operations in China through our subsidiaries and SPEs in China. All of our officers and directors reside outside the United States and a substantial portion of the assets of those persons are located outside of the United
States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to bring an action against us or against these individuals in the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed under the securities laws or otherwise.
Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands and of China may render you unable to
enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers. In addition, it is uncertain whether the courts of the Cayman Islands or the PRC would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts against us or such persons
predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state, and it is uncertain whether Cayman Islands or PRC courts would be competent to hear original actions brought in the Cayman Islands or the PRC
against us or such persons predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state.
Our corporate affairs are
governed by our memorandum and articles of association and by the Companies Law and common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take legal action against our directors and us, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary
responsibilities of our directors to us under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the
Cayman Islands as well as from English common law, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a court in the Cayman Islands.
The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedents in some
jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, because Cayman Islands law has no legislation specifically dedicated to the rights of investors in securities, and thus no statutorily defined private causes of action to investors in securities
such as those found under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in the United States, it provides significantly less protection to investors. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder
derivative action before the federal courts of the United States.
As a result of all of the above, our public shareholders
may have more difficulty in protecting their interests through actions against our management, directors or major shareholders than would shareholders of a corporation organized in a jurisdiction in the United States.
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Our articles of association contain anti-takeover provisions that could discourage a third party from
acquiring us, which could limit our shareholders opportunity to sell their shares, including common shares represented by our ADSs, at a premium.
Our amended and restated articles of association contain provisions to limit the ability of others to acquire control of our company. These provisions could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to
sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging third parties from seeking to obtain control of our company in a tender offer or similar transaction. For example, our board of directors has the authority, without further
action by our shareholders, to issue preferred shares in one or more series and to fix their designations, powers, preferences, privileges, and relative participating, optional or special rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions,
including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights associated with our common shares, in the form of ADS or otherwise. Preferred shares
could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult.
If our board of directors decides to issue preferred shares, the price of our ADSs may fall and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common shares and ADSs may be materially adversely
affected. Furthermore, our amended and restated articles of association provide for a staggered board, which means that our directors are divided into three classes, with one-third of our board standing for election every year. This means that at
least two annual shareholders meetings, instead of one, are generally required in order to effect a change in a majority of our directors. Our staggered board can discourage proxy contests for the election of our directors and purchases of
substantial blocks of our shares by making it more difficult for a potential acquirer to take control of our board in a relatively short time. In addition, our shareholders holding, in aggregate, less than 25% of the paid up capital of our company
do not have the ability to call general meetings or to propose special matters for consideration at such meetings.
We believe we may be
a passive foreign investment company, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders of our ADSs or common shares.
Based on the market price of our ADSs, the value of our assets and the composition of our income and assets, we believe we were a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes for our taxable year ended March 31, 2013. A non-U.S. corporation will be a PFIC for any taxable year if either (i) at least 75% of its gross income for such year is passive income or (ii) at least 50% of the value of its
assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets) during such year is attributable to assets that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income. A separate determination must be made after the close of each
taxable year as to whether we were a PFIC for that year.
Because the value of our assets for purposes of the PFIC test will
generally be determined by reference to the market price of our ADSs and common shares, our PFIC status will depend in large part on the market price of our ADSs and common shares, which may fluctuate significantly. Because we believe we were a PFIC
for the taxable year ended March 31, 2013, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences could apply to U.S. Holders (as defined in Item 10. Additional Information E. Taxation United States Federal Income
Taxation) of our ADSs or common shares with respect to any excess distribution received from us and any gain from a sale or other disposition of our ADSs or common shares. See Item 10. Additional Information E.Taxation
United States Federal Income Taxation Passive Foreign Investment Company.
ITEM 4.
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INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
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Our legal and commercial name is Sky-mobi Limited. We commenced operations through Hangzhou Sky, a limited liability company established in China, in 2005. Hangzhou Sky is principally engaged in our
cooperation with handset companies and providing mobile applications and content to our users. To enable us to raise capital from international investors, our holding company, Sky-mobi Limited (formerly Profit Star Limited), was incorporated under
the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted limited liability company in April 2007. In June 2007, we incorporated Pusida, our wholly-owned subsidiary in China.
PRC laws restrict foreign-invested entities engaging in value-added telecommunication services. To comply with PRC laws, we conduct our value-added telecommunication services through seven SPEs, Hangzhou
Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia and Tianchu. In August 2007, through Pusida, we entered into certain contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Sky and its shareholders through which we gained effective control over the operations of Hangzhou
Sky.
37
In January 2007, Mijia was incorporated in China. In August 2007, through Pusida, we
entered into certain contractual arrangements with Mijia and its shareholders through which we gained effective control over the operations of Mijia.
On August 2, 2007, we issued in a private placement an aggregate of 50,000,000 Series A preferred shares for an aggregate purchase price of US$3.5 million to Sequoia Capital China II L.P.
In July 2009, Fanyi was incorporated in China. In December 2009, we incorporated Dianneng, our wholly-owned subsidiary in China. In
December 2009, through Dianneng, we entered into certain contractual arrangements with Fanyi and its shareholders through which we gained effective control over the operations of Fanyi.
In July 1, 2010, through Dianneng, we entered into contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Sky, Mijia and their respective
shareholders to replace their previous contractual arrangements with Pusida.
In May 2010, we incorporated Profit Star
Software (HK) Limited, or Profit Star HK, our wholly-owned subsidiary, in Hong Kong. We transferred all of our equity interest in Pusida and Dianneng to Profit Star HK.
In May 2010, we and an independent third party established Shenzhen Heisha Technologies Co., Ltd., or Heisha. We invested RMB3.0 million and obtained a 65% equity interest in Heisha. Heisha cooperates
with overseas parties to provide mobile payment processing agent services in overseas markets, such as India, Thailand and the Philippines. In July 2010, Sky Global Network Technologies Limited (Hong Kong), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fanyi, was
incorporated in Hong Kong, primarily engaging in mobile application store services for overseas markets.
In October 2010,
Profit Star Limited changed its name to Sky-mobi Limited.
In October 2010, we incorporated Sky Network International
Limited, or Sky BVI, our wholly-owned subsidiary, in the British Virgin Islands. We made Sky BVI our intermediary holding company by transferring all of our equity interest in Profit Star HK to Sky BVI.
On November 18, 2010, our shareholders approved a 200-for-1 share split of our common shares and Series A preferred shares, which
became effective immediately. At the same time, the par value of the shares changed from US$0.01 per share to US$0.00005 per share. Unless otherwise noted, all share information and per share data included in the annual report and accompanying
financial statements has been adjusted to reflect this share split and change in par value.
On December 3, 2010,
Feineng was incorporated in China. Feineng focuses primarily on our cooperation with mobile service providers. In February 2011, through Dianneng, we entered into certain contractual arrangements with Feineng and its shareholders through which we
gained effective control over the operations of Feineng.
On December 15, 2010, we completed our initial public offering
of 6,125,000 ADSs, each representing eight common shares of par value US$0.00005 per share. We listed our ADSs on the NASDAQ Global Market, or NASDAQ, on December 10, 2010.
On April 13, 2011, we sold a portion of our equity interests in Heisha to its minority shareholder for cash consideration of
RMB1,152,000. Further, Heisha issued additional preferred shares to a third party partner, which further diluted our shareholding percentage in Heisha to 31%. As a result, we no longer control Heisha.
In August 2011, we, through Profit Star HK, our wholly-owned subsidiary, established JSky Technology Limited, or JSky Cayman, in the
Cayman Islands, with iaSolution Investment (BVI) Limited, an independent third party. We invested US$90,000 and obtained a 60% equity interest in JSky Cayman. JSky Cayman primarily engages in mobile application store services for overseas markets.
In September 2011, we incorporated Me Share Limited in Hong Kong, which was 100% held by Sky BVI. Me Share Limited primarily
engages in mobile application store services for overseas markets, with a majority of its R&D support from Shanghai Texuan Information Technologies Co., Ltd., Me Share Limiteds wholly owned subsidiary in China.
38
In October 2011, Hangzhou Investment was incorporated in China. Hangzhou Investment focuses
primarily on pursuing strategic investment opportunities in China. In December 2011, we incorporated Tiandian, our wholly-owned subsidiary in China, and entered into certain contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Investment and its shareholder
through which we gained effective control over the operations of Hangzhou Investment.
In December 2011, we incorporated Sky
Technologies International Limited, or Sky Technologies BVI, our subsidiary, in the British Virgin Islands. We then transferred all of our equity interest in Me Share Limited to Sky Technologies BVI.
In April 2012, Me Share Limited changed its name to Powerplay Technologies Limited.
On August 24, 2012, Miyi and Najia were incorporated in China, which focus primarily on our cooperation with mobile network
operators. In November 2012, through Dianneng, we entered into certain contractual arrangements with Miyi, Najia and their respective shareholders through which we gained effective control over the operations of Miyi and Najia.
In September 2012, we incorporated a wholly-owned subsidiary, Hangzhou Kaimi Technologies Co., Ltd., in China, which focuses primarily
on promotion of our application store.
On October 15, 2012, Tianchu was incorporated in China. Tianchu focuses
primarily on our cooperation with mobile network operators. In December 2012, through Dianneng, we entered into certain contractual arrangements with Tianchu and its shareholders through which we gained effective control over the operations of
Tianchu.
In June 2013, we established Hangzhou Mopin Technologies Co., Ltd. to carry out our Maopao application store
related business. We held 95.9% interest in this subsidiary and the remaining 4.1% interest is held by Mr. Zhiguo Zhou, one of our officers. We also formed a joint venture, Hangzhou Qianlong Technologies Co., Ltd., with Mr. Li Ou, a
director and the chief technology officer of the Company, to carry out the mobile games development and operation related business. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions B. Related Party Transactions Other
Related Party Transactions.
In June 2013, we sold a 30% interest on a fully diluted basis in Sky Technologies BVI to
two of the Companys officers, Mr. Qing Yan and Mr. Wenjie Wu. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions B. Related Party Transactions Other Related Party Transactions.
Our principal executive offices are located at 10/F, Building B, United Mansion, No. 2, Zijinghua Road, Hangzhou,
Zhejiang 310013, Peoples Republic of China. Our telephone number at this address is +86-571-87770978. Our registered office in the Cayman Islands is located at the offices of Codan Trust Company (Cayman Limited), our registered agent, at
Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 2681, Grand Cayman KY1-1111, Cayman Islands.
We
operate the leading mobile application store in China in terms of our user visits to our mobile application store. From January 1, 2007 to March 31, 2013, Maopao had approximately 1.2 billion total users.
In our Maopao application store, users can browse, download and purchase a wide range of applications and content, such as games, music
and books. In addition, we have established a mobile social network community in China, the Maopao Community, where we operate mobile social games and provide applications and social network content to our registered members. Maopao enables mobile
applications and content to be downloaded and run on a variety of mobile handsets with different hardware and operating system configurations. Through Maopao, we have captured a large market share in the feature phone market, a significant, though
declining mobile phone segment in China.
39
On April 27, 2011, we announced the launch of OPENSKY, a plug-in that enables social
functions on standalone mobile phone applications. The launch of OPENSKY was one of the first steps in transitioning the focus of our business to smartphones. OPENSKY offers real time user-to-user combat, rankings, virtual item sales, live chatting
and application-based social networks on a previously single-user standalone application.
In May 2012, we launched a
smartphone version for Maopao, our first smartphone product, and the OPENSKY platform in response to the growing smartphone market. Maopao for smartphones serves the growing needs of users that seek applications, games and other multimedia content
to compliment more powerful smartphone hardware. We target Chinese handset manufacturers that do not have the resources to design and operate their own application store but wish to offer this service to mobile handset users.
In December 2012, we released a series of smartphone products including Maopao browser, Maopao assistant, and new mobile games designed
for smartphone users, a critical gateway to access to our smartphone users. In order to help customers who do not have readily available computer access or high speed mobile network connections to install our Maopao application store and download
our applications and content, we established an offline presence through physical stores in a partnership with Suning Electronics, one of Chinas largest consumer electronics and appliance retailers, as well as other provincial carrier stores.
We collaborate with handset companies to pre-install Maopao on mobile handsets before shipment, and from January 1,
2007 to March 31, 2013, Maopao had approximately 1.2 billion cumulative users. Over the same period, we offered over 347,684 applications and over 191,810 content titles in our Maopao application store, and the cumulative number of downloads
reached 11.0 billion.
As an innovator of the mobile application business model in China, we are centrally positioned in
Chinas mobile application sector, which includes:
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users
, especially younger users with modest income, who constitute the majority of Chinas mobile phone user base. Maopao enables
our feature phone and smartphone users, who have a strong desire for social interaction, acceptance and entertainment, to enjoy handsets with more entertainment functions, social networking, mobile social games and a wide selection of high quality
applications and content at attractive price points, often after a free trial;
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handset companies
, including handset manufacturers and independent design houses. These handset companies pre-install Maopao on feature
phones and smartphones, providing users with a standardized interface to download and use mobile applications and content. We work closely with handset companies to optimize the performance of Maopao on each of their handset models and enhance user
experience. As of March 31, 2013, we had entered into cooperation agreements with over 1,170 feature phone and 106 smartphone handset companies to pre-install Maopao on their products:
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handset retailers
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including mobile operators retail locations, large consumer electronics retailers and small self-employed
handset retail shops. We work closely with these retailers to help customers who do not have readily available computer access or high speed mobile network connections to install our Maopao application store and download our applications and
content;
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content providers
, including application developers and content title owners. Through Maopao, their applications and content can be
delivered to thousands of handset models without extensive customization to hundreds of millions of potential users. We had entered into agreements with over 120 content providers as of March 31, 2013 to provide a variety of applications and
other content, ranging from single-user applications and popular mobile social games to social network applications that appeal to Chinese users. We provide our standard software development kits free of charge to content providers and provide
technological support to simplify their development process and accelerate their time-to-market;
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payment service providers
, including mobile service providers and other payment processing agents. We primarily collect sales proceeds
from mobile service providers who utilize mobile network operators billing channels to collect payments when users purchase products from Maopao. We also work with independent payment processing agents to collect sales proceeds through a
variety of payment channels, including pre-paid phone cards, pre-paid game cards, bank debit cards, wire-transfers, Alipay and others. As of March 31, 2013, we had entered into agreements with over 50 mobile service providers in China and
overseas and 6 independent payment processing agents; and
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mobile network operators
. We cooperate with mobile network operators without using intermediaries such as service providers to collect
the sales proceeds from users to enhance channel efficiency and ultimately improve our gross margin. For example, we cooperate directly with China Mobile through its gaming platform and reading platform nationwide by offering our applications, games
and other content to users on Maopao. For fiscal 2013, our relationship with China Mobile accounted for approximately 19.5% of our revenues.
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We share sales proceeds from Maopao with handset manufacturers, handset retailers, content providers and payment service providers, as well as mobile network operators with which we directly cooperate. We
believe that our approach aligns the interests of industry participants with ours, motivates them to provide better products and services and fosters a long-term mutually beneficial relationship with us.
We have grown substantially since we launched Maopao in 2006. We experienced approximately 3,331.8 million, 3,448.7 million
and 2,619.1 million downloads of applications and content titles from Maopao in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
On our Maopao Community, our registered members can create virtual profiles, befriend others who share similar ideas, interests or activities and view the profiles or track the status of their friends
through blogs, pictures, instant messages and other functions. One of the most popular features of the Maopao Community is mobile social games, where our registered members interact with each other in the wireless game world. We operate these mobile
social games on our own server network through advanced cloud computing technology to help ensure optional user experience. As of March 31, 2013, our Maopao Community attracted 248.3 million registered members and our peak concurrent users
reached approximately 333,370. We offer our own virtual currency, K Currency, to members of our Maopao Community to purchase virtual items in our social network applications and mobile social games.
Maopao Application Store
Maopao is a leading mobile application store in China in terms of user visits to the Maopao application store. Maopao enables:
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handset companies to pre-install Maopao and applications and content onto feature phones and smartphones to enhance handset features. With Maopao,
mobile phones can expand the portfolios of mobile applications and content available to their users, enhancing the attractiveness of handsets;
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content providers to gain access to a large number of users and potential users without extensively customizing content for different handset models.
They can focus on developing new content without concerns of compatibility with the hardware, software and operating systems of different feature phones and smartphones;
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users to conveniently browse, download and purchase mobile applications and content from our mobile application store by wirelessly downloading
applications or accessing content on their handsets;
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us and other industry participants to collect payments from users through payment service providers, including mobile service providers and independent
payment processing agents. The availability of these user-friendly payment channels allows us to incentivize other industry participants and align their interest with ours via sharing of sales proceeds.
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We believe our innovative and sustainable business model has fueled our growth. From January 1, 2007 to March 31, 2013, Maopao
had approximately 1.2 billion cumulative users. In the period from January 1, 2007 to March 31, 2013, we offered over 347,684 applications and 191,810 content titles on Maopao and the cumulative number of downloads had reached 11.0
billion.
41
Our Users
Maopao had approximately 1.2 billion cumulative users from January 1, 2007 to March 31, 2013. Most users access our applications and content offerings primarily through the pre-installed Maopao
application store on their mobile handsets. Users can also download applications or content available through Maopao over-the-air. We also offer users the option of downloading certain applications from our website, 51mrp.com. In addition, we have
designed customized versions of Maopao that can be easily downloaded through alternative sources to low-cost mobile handsets that have not pre-installed Maopao.
The number of registered members of our Maopao Community network has grown approximately 12.2 times, from approximately 20.4 million members as of March 31, 2010 to approximately
248.3 million members as of March 31, 2013. In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, we had 127,992 average concurrent users on the Maopao Community network, compared to 136,321 average concurrent users in the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2012.
On the strength of this large user base, we have accumulated valuable statistical usage data. We
utilize such data to better understand and predict user demand for our offerings and their price sensitivity, which help us launch and price new applications. We also utilize user feedback to upgrade existing applications and content available on
Maopao and improve user experience.
The following table sets forth our selected quarterly Maopao Community operating data
for the periods indicated.The decreasing of numbers of active users and member log-ins are in line with the declining nature of the feature phone market:
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For the Three-Month Period Ended
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June 30,
2012
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September 30,
2012
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December 31,
2012
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March 31,
2013
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(in millions)
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Number of active members
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15.9
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15.0
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13.0
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10.6
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Number of member log-ins
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810.3
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778.4
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726.2
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608.2
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Applications and Content Available Through Maopao
The main categories of mobile applications and content available through Maopao include:
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community-based applications and content, including mobile social games and social network applications; and
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single-user applications and content, including single-player games, multimedia applications and other single-user content.
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We have significantly increased our application and content offerings on Maopao. In the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, our total number of single-user applications and content titles offered on Maopao was 79,359, 135,392 and 469,256, respectively.
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We control the availability and placement of content on Maopao, which we update
periodically based on user demand and the availability of newly developed applications and content. For each category of applications and content on Maopao, we offer a certain percentage of free applications to enhance user interest in Maopao as
well as user familiarity with and acceptance of applications and content on Maopao. The following table sets forth the categories, number of applications and content titles offered and number of downloads for the fiscal year ended March 31,
2013:
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Applications/Content Titles Offered for the
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2013
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Downloads in the Fiscal Year
Ended March 31, 2013
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(in millions)
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Feature phone:
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Maopao Community-based Applications
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Mobile Social Games and Social Network Applications
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63 Applications
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157.3
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Single-user Applications and Content Titles
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Single-Player Games
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1,721 Applications
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861.2
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Multimedia Applications and Content Titles
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Mobile Books
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1 Application and 74,085
Content Titles
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107.0
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Mobile Music
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6 Applications and 11,778
Content Titles
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67.3
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Mobile Video
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3 Applications and 20,642
Content Titles
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140.7
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Pictures and Wallpapers
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1 Application and 15,997
Content Titles
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36.3
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Other Single-User Applications and Content Titles
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1,106 Applications and 10
Content Titles
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1,116.9
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Total Single-User Application and Content Titles Downloads
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2,329.4
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Smartphone:
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Multiplayer Games
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535 Applications
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0.7
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Single-user Applications
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Single-player games
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61,651 Applications
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45.7
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Other Single-user applications
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282,255 Applications
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86.0
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Total Single-User Application and Content Titles Downloads
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131.7
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Mobile Social Games and Social Network Functions
We offer a variety of social games and social network functions, such as instant messaging, blogging, personal profiling, content sharing
and virtual gifting, on our Maopao Community. The Maopao Community had 54.5 million active members and 2,923.1 million member log-ins in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, compared to 65.6 million active members and
4,677.6 million member log-ins in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012. Some of our mobile social games, such as Fantasy of the Three Kingdoms, are mobile versions of popular Internet based games, which require players to have
game-specific applications installed to enable access to game servers. We also offer mobile social versions of popular card games and strategic games.
Many of our mobile social games adopt an item-based revenue model. Mobile users can download a game and play the basic functions for free. We charge mobile users when they purchase in-game items, such as
performance-enhancement skills, weapons and accessories. For example, more than a hundred in-game items are available for download in the Fantasy of the Three Kingdoms, and each item typically costs RMB0.1 to RMB10.
We have a wide selection of social network tools on Maopao, including the mobile versions of popular Internet applications in China,
such as QQ instant messenger and Sina Microblog, as well as our own Maopao Community social network.
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We have a strategic cooperative relationship with SINA Corporation, a leading online media
company and mobile value-added service provider in China. Since October 2011, we have entered into a number of agreements with SINA to promote its Weibo.com through our smartphone application store using both our online and offline channels.
The Maopao Community had approximately 248.3 million registered members as of March 31, 2013 and offers instant
messaging, blogs and other mobile applications and content enabling user interaction on our Maopao Community. We offer most social network tools for free, but may charge for virtual gifts and other items, usually at RMB0.1 to RMB8 per item.
Single-Player Games
Single-player games involve a single player and usually relatively simple rules, such as card games, simple strategic games and action games. We offered approximately 63,372 single-player games through
Maopao during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 and approximately 906.9 million downloads of our single-player games occurred in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, compared to 1,352.6 million downloads and
1,279.7 million downloads in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and 2012, respectively. Our most popular single-player games include Beauty Dou Di Zhu, a card game, and Maple Story, a role-playing and action game.
We offer a number of free single-player games on Maopao. Once users are familiar with our free games and choose to pay for a more
sophisticated version of the game, they can download the game, usually for approximately RMB2 to RMB4 per game. In addition, we usually charge users RMB0.1 to RMB10 for purchasing an in-game item, such as performance-enhancement skills, weapons and
accessories.
We also offer periodic promotions in which mobile phone users can download a package of single-player games for
a special price. For some single-player games, we charge a one-time subscription fee to allow users to play these games an unlimited number of times over a period, typically less than one month. We record revenues from these subscriptions at the
time of download given (i) we have no substantive ongoing performance obligations and (ii) the subscription period is relatively short. Such one-time subscription revenue is not material.
Multimedia Applications
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Mobile music players
. Our mobile music applications offer access to mainstream music content providers such as Ai Ting Bar. Users can stream
music directly to their handsets or download songs to be stored in their handsets or used as ringtones. Users may stream music for free, and pay approximately RMB2 to download a song or lyrics. Users can also choose an unlimited download package for
RMB10 per month, or RMB6 to RMB8 per half month.
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Mobile book reader
. Users can subscribe to our proprietary e-book application, Kaiyue, and download books for approximately RMB2 to RMB4 per
book, or choose an unlimited download package for RMB18 per month.
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Mobile video players
. Users can download video clips to be stored in their mobile phones for RMB8 to RMB10 per month for an unlimited download
package.
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Pictures and wallpapers
. Users can download images to be stored in their mobile phones or used as wallpapers for approximately RMB2 for one set
of images, or RMB8 for fifteen sets of images (each set contains six images).
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Revenues from unlimited
download package of multimedia applications are not material.
Other Single-User Mobile Applications
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E-Commerce
. Mobile users can purchase lottery tickets and recharge the balance on their pay-as-you-go mobile phones through applications on
Maopao.
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WAP Internet access
. We offer WAP Internet access to websites preapproved by us through the Maopao browser, our proprietary WAP browser.
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Other Applications
. Users can access a broad range of other applications through Maopao. Some of the most popular applications include instant
maps, real-time stock quotes and analysis, 139 mailbox, weather, network clock and electronic dictionary. We offer most of these applications for free.
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Content Sourcing and Management
The popularity and success of our application store depend on the quality of applications and content on Maopao. We effectively manage
the applications and content on Maopao to offer high-quality applications and content, simplify user selection experience and provide value to our users. Using our statistical user behavior data and user feedback, we provide our in-house development
team and content providers with suggestions and guidance on applications and content that meet user needs, and periodically set development focus for them.
We strive to maintain close relationships with creative third-party content providers and motivate them to introduce appealing applications through Maopao. Maopao provides content providers with access to
a large user base, enabling them to design content that can be delivered to handsets with a myriad of hardware and operation system configurations, without extensive customization work. Furthermore, we believe our extensive mobile user base and our
ability and efforts to restrict piracy on Maopao enhance the attractiveness of our sales proceeds sharing mechanism compared with that of some of our competitors.
We selectively collaborate with content providers and had entered into agreements with over 120 content providers as of March 31, 2013. Our content providers include some of the most popular Internet
companies in China, such as Baidu, many independent content development companies, as well as individual developers. Mobile service providers also sell their mobile applications and content to mobile phone users through Maopao. We select content
providers based on reputation, track record and the needs of mobile users and handset companies. Therefore, we currently do not work with individual developers. We also have a standardized process to assist content providers to develop and launch
applications and content.
In order to increase our mobile games offerings, we have launched a plan to build a light mobile
gaming platform designed for low-cost handsets. We expect the light mobile gaming platform to enable us to develop relationships with small and mid-size mobile game developers, which account for a large percentage of our content providers.
While third parties developed a substantial majority of the applications and content titles available through Maopao, we
also have in-house programming capability to develop certain popular applications, such as our mobile book reader, mobile music players, single-player games and social network applications, in order to help maximize our ability to capture value in
the content supply chain.
In our Maopao application store, we update the user interface weekly to prioritize new and popular
content offerings. We usually display over ten popular applications on the first page of Maopao. We actively position our content offerings on Maopao based on our analysis of statistical user behavior data and user preferences. We try to ensure that
our content offerings are not duplicative and eliminate internal competition among the applications and content offered in the Maopao application store.
Contract Terms with Content Providers
We pay content providers a
percentage of the proceeds we receive from our payment channels. To incentivize developers investment in certain applications that may require more resources and a longer time to develop than simple applications, such as mobile social games,
we sometimes pay content developers a minimum guaranteed amount to cover part of their development costs in addition to sharing the sales proceeds generated from such applications. For certain simple applications such as card games, we may make a
one-time payment to content developers for all rights associated with a particular application. For mobile social games, we usually negotiate for exclusive licensing terms of two years with one year automatic renewal.
Support to Content Providers
We emphasize cooperating with content providers. We license our standard software development kits and related tool suites for free to our selected developers for them to develop content in our
proprietary format. We have designed our standard software development kits and related tool suites with modularized functions to allow content providers to focus on content creation and improvements without being slowed by concerns over
compatibility with handset hardware, software or network environments. This simplifies our content providers development work and shortens their time-to-market.
Our specialized content provider support team helps content providers better utilize our development tools and speed up their development process. Our field engineers, some of whom are stationed at the
offices of content providers for a time, assist content providers with project management and other technical aspects of developing applications. We also work with developers to test content before launching it on Maopao. After launching content, we
give suggestions to content providers to improve and upgrade their applications and content based on user feedback. We also provide training to content providers for them to better understand our technical tools. We believe these efforts help
facilitate the development process and enhance our relationship with content providers.
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We also host events and sponsor large industry conferences for the content developer
community, such as the 3G Application Software Forum we held in Hangzhou in February 2010 and the Global Mobile Internet Conference we sponsored in both May 2012 and May 2013. We provide guidance and technical support to content providers developing
content for the 3G network environment, which we believe will help enrich the applications available on Maopao following popularization of the 3G network. We believe the strength of our close collaboration with content providers has positioned us to
offer creative and well-integrated digital lifestyle solutions to our users.
Operation of Maopao
We pre-install certain applications and other content onto Maopao, and periodically update the applications and content menu. Our
operations team, which consisted of approximately 78 employees as of March 31, 2013, is responsible for managing the operation of applications and other mobile content available on Maopao.
We operate substantially all of the applications and content on Maopao, such as mobile social games, on our network infrastructure of
over 570 computer servers. Our network infrastructure automatically reports any detected malfunctions on a real-time basis to our network control center. This allows us to quickly respond to and resolve issues to ensure the stability and security of
our network.
Our operations team supervises the operation of applications available on Maopao, including complex
applications such as mobile social games. They ensure the proper functioning of wireless connection and data transmission systems and application features, initiate remediation processes once bugs or other defects are detected and provide
application updates for users to download.
Our operations team also polices against rampant piracy in China, which allows
users to bypass mobile application stores, decrease revenues of store operators, content providers and other industry participants, and damage store operators reputation and credibility among users and industry participants. We regularly
analyze the download and billing records of handsets using Maopao in order to detect piracy.
User Account Management
Users of our Maopao Community applications and content need to register an account with Maopao. Once registered, they
will have a user name and password to log in. Our account management system provides us with each individual users log-in, download and other history. With respect to users of our single-user applications and content, we only have statistical
user information. We have also developed a unified account management system for all users of Maopao, which allows our users to access different Maopao products through one account and enables us to track and analyze each individual users
behavior and preferences.
Utilizing such information, we can better serve our users by introducing personalized offerings
according to each users preferences and tastes. To facilitate users transition from the current system, where no log-in is required, to our new account management system, we are introducing a default registration system under which an
existing user will be assigned a default user name and password. Users are encouraged to customize their user names and passwords, and voluntarily provide us with optional personal information such as their gender, age, birthday and location.
With each user having his or her own identification, users can better interact with each other. For example, users with
similar hobbies may easily locate each other, share information and recommend applications to each other via Maopao. We believe this account management system will enhance loyalty and create additional demand for the applications and content on
Maopao.
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Customer Service
We believe our emphasis on customer service enhances our brand image and user loyalty. We have a call center and a website forum that provide real-time assistance to users of Maopao and the applications
available in our mobile application store. We believe that we are the only independent mobile application store operator in China that provides customer service via an in-house call center 24 hours a day, seven days a week, in addition to an
outsourced call center. Maopao also displays our customer service contact number and provides a link to our website.
Our
customer service representatives are trained to address user inquires, educate users and potential users about Maopao and our applications and promptly resolve user complaints. We also monitor user complaint and give feedback to content providers to
identify potential issues that may need to be addressed. We were granted the China Contact Center Award by China Electronic Chamber of Commerce in 2009 and the Golden Ear Microphone Award by Customer Care &
Management World Group in 2011 for the contact center providing the best customer experience.
We ensure service quality by
emphasizing personnel selection and regularly monitoring the performance of our representatives. Each representative completes monthly mandatory training, conducted by experienced managers, on product knowledge, service attitude, complaint handling
and communication skills.
Cooperation with Handset Companies
Having Maopao and our applications embedded in mobile handsets is an important channel to promote Maopao and our content. Mobile network operators in China have limited control over handset sales. End
mobile users can choose from hundreds of different brands and thousands of different models of handsets. In the highly fragmented and competitive handset market in China, the ability to pre-install an application store onto handsets before they
reach mobile users is key to a mobile application stores success.
We have formed strong collaborative relationships
with handset companies to embed our mobile application store for different types of mobile baseband, chipsets and reference designs, e.g. MTK, Spreadtrum, Qualcomm and MStar. We have cooperated with over 1,170 feature phone and 106 smartphone
handset companies as of March 31, 2013. Our collaborators include branded handset companies such as Aux, Gionee, Chang Hong, K-Touch and Lenovo, as well as independent design houses such as Dewav, Hua Qin and Tian Long. We select handset
companies based on their reputation, market share and the strength of their research and development capabilities. Our agreements with handset companies are generally for two year terms and usually contain automatic renewal provisions.
Contract Terms with Handset Companies
We generally pay handset companies a percentage of the proceeds we receive from payment channels. In addition to monetary benefits, pre-installing Maopao enhances the features and user experience of
mobile handsets and helps promote handset sales. Given our economies of scale, working with us helps reduce handset companies cost of negotiating with individual content providers and payment processing agents. Such costs may be substantially
higher if handset companies use their own or a third-partys mobile application store with a smaller user base.
Handset
companies also generally trust our content selection based on our analysis of statistical data obtained from an extensive user base and our prediction of market trends and user preferences. We work closely with handset companies to develop new
handset functions and optimize the operating environment of individual handset models. Our knowledge of their handset designs and functions in turn helps us to develop Maopao and our applications to better utilize the hardware and software resources
of mobile handsets. We believe we have built a reputation among handset companies on the strength of our value proposition and our track record in delivering tangible benefits.
Payment Channels
Cooperation with Mobile Service Providers
In the three years ended March 31, 2013, we collected most of our revenues through the billing channels of mobile service providers.
After a mobile user confirms that he or she is ready to purchase a mobile application or content, Maopao will prompt the user to send an SMS to a specified number. A mobile service provider selected by us will send the user a confirmation SMS with
transaction details and also send a simultaneous message to the mobile network operator. When selecting mobile service providers, we usually consider mobile service providers history with us, including their service quality and timeliness of
payments. After confirming the transactions have been effected based on the SMS, the mobile network operator records the transactions and bills the user.
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Our relationships with mobile service providers are critical for us to collect proceeds
under the payment process described above. As of March 31, 2013, we had entered into agreements with over 50 mobile service providers, who have access to payment channels provided by mobile network operators pursuant to their respective
agreements. Key service providers we work with include Shenzhen Xunhong, Kongzhong and Rock.com. We select mobile service providers based on the coverage of the networks to which they have access, proceeds sharing arrangements and their track record
of revenue collection. Our agreements with mobile service providers are generally for terms of one to three years without automatic renewal provisions. Certain mobile service providers, such as Sina, also provide content to Maopao and rely on our
distribution channels to promote such content, which further enhances our relationships with them. We generally share with mobile service providers a percentage of the proceeds they collect, which are net of the fees they pay to mobile network
operators. We usually receive settlement statements from mobile service providers, which indicate the aggregate amount of fees that were charged to users for purchases of applications and content through Maopao.
We rely primarily on mobile service providers for revenue collection and they in turn depend on mobile network operators to provide
billing and collection services for them. Three mobile network operators, namely China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom, dominate the wireless telecommunication sector in China. See Item 3. Key Information D. Risk
Factors Risks Related to Our Business and Our Industry We depend on mobile service providers, and ultimately mobile network operators, for the collection of a substantial majority of our revenues, and any loss of or
deterioration in our relationships with mobile service providers, or a disruption in our mobile service providers relationships with mobile network operators, may result in severe disruptions to our operations and loss of revenues.
When mobile service providers sell their applications and content through Maopao, we usually charge a commission at a fixed
percentage of the sales proceeds that the mobile service providers receive.
Cooperation with Mobile Network Operators
We have a strategic cooperative relationship with China Mobile, the largest mobile network operator in China. In
fiscal 2013, China Mobile granted us access to fee collection codes from, which enable us to collect proceeds without having to use service providers as intermediaries. We will try to maximize our cooperation with China Mobile directly, as long as
the data volume resources granted by China Mobile are not exceeded, to benefit from lower channel costs and faster collection of the proceeds. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, our relationship with China Mobile accounted for
approximately 19.5% of our revenues. For more details, please see Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors If we fail to maintain cooperative relationships with mobile network operators, our revenues and growth prospects may
be adversely affected.
K Currency and Third-party Payment Channels
In addition to mobile service providers billing channels, we offer our own virtual currency and a variety of third-party payment
options to mobile handset users. In April 2009, we launched our own form of virtual payment, K Currency, to enable users to purchase virtual items in our social network applications and mobile social games in Maopao Community. K Currency
is the primary form of payment allowed for purchases in the Maopao Community, while purchases of single-user applications and other content are mostly transacted through SMS.
Users can purchase K Currency using game cards of third-party companies such as Giant Interactive, Netease, Perfect World and Shanda, other prepaid cards, bank remittance, China Post, and virtual
money such as QQ Currency, among others. For these payment channels, we usually collect through independent payment processing agents and pay a percentage of proceeds to such agents, which is usually lower than the percentage we pay mobile
service providers. Our agreements with the independent payment processing agents are generally for terms of one year with automatic renewal provisions.
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Our Maopao Community revenues generated from K Currency have grown significantly, from
RMB110.5 million for the fiscal year 2012 to RMB177.7 million (US$28.6 million) for the fiscal year 2013, accounting for 16.1% and 29.6% of our total revenues, respectively.
Sales and Marketing
Brand Awareness
We have established a branding program, which focuses on raising the awareness of our Maopao brand which appears on all of
our products and services. We believe our existing track record and cooperation with handset companies, content providers, payment channels and mobile network operators have earned us a good reputation among these industry participants. With our
branding program and our efforts to implement a unified account management system to cover all our users, we strive to further enhance market recognition of our brand and user experience associated with our brand.
Handset Users
We aim to increase sales by introducing appealing content to our users, enhancing users purchasing frequency and average
transaction amount. Our market research team keeps abreast of the latest market trends and user preferences by collecting information from handset companies and analyzing user statistical data. On a real-time basis, they provide suggestions for
developing new content to our in-house development team and our third-party content collaborators. We implement innovative marketing and promotion strategies specifically designed for our application store and for each of the main applications we
provide. We market and promote Maopao and our applications and other content to handset users through the following channels.
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Affiliate marketing.
We jointly promote Maopao and content available on Maopao with several well-known mobile service providers, which is
generally more cost-effective and wide reaching than our own promotion through traditional advertising. Mobile service providers with their own Internet-based content may promote applications on their websites. We have also entered into cooperation
agreements with several mobile service providers and provincial subsidiaries of key mobile network operators to promote mobile applications and other content.
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Cross-selling.
We promote the cross-selling of the applications and content on the Maopao application store by periodically introducing sales
events based on certain themes and grouping similar applications and content into packages. On Maopao, we also notify users of the applications or content that their friends or contacts use. After users download applications or content, we send
information to users about similar applications and content that may interest them.
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Advertising and promotions.
We have implemented a Talented User program, under which some of our users who are familiar with Maopao and its
applications and content recommend and promote applications and content to other users in forums that discuss frequently asked questions about Maopao.
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Prior to launching new applications and content, we usually conduct test marketing by offering the content to selected users on a small scale. We gather and analyze user purchasing results and feedback,
focusing on estimated sources of demand, growth potential and acceptable selling prices of the applications and content on the Maopao application store. We adjust our launch and marketing plan based on test marketing results to enhance our marketing
efficiency.
Promotion to Handset Companies
Pre-installing the Maopao application store on mobile handsets is an important channel for us to increase our user base. We believe we were one of the first companies to provide mobile applications to
handset companies for free, which helped establish a critical user mass for Maopao. We emphasize maintaining close relationships with handset companies to increase the number of mobile handsets with the Maopao application store pre-installed. We are
also developing relationships with additional handset companies to extend our reach to potential users.
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International Expansion
We believe we are well-equipped to expand into overseas markets with a large number of users of China-manufactured mobile handsets, such as India, Indonesia and other emerging market countries in
Southeast Asia and South America. We have already initiated our expansion efforts in these markets.
We have a dedicated
sales team covering each of our major overseas markets and we have translated the user interface of many of our single-player games and other applications into local languages, including English, Hindi and Thai. In India and Indonesia, we have
identified key mobile market participants, including local mobile operators, content providers and handset manufacturers, and plan to promote our business model to them. We will utilize our relationships with China-based handset companies to have
Maopao pre-installed onto their handsets for export.
Our Technologies
Our technologies help us connect the various resources of the mobile application ecosystem and deliver an excellent experience to our
users. Our users only need to deal with the standardized and user-friendly interface of Maopao to search, purchase and use the applications and content on Maopao without regard to complications during the interaction among telecommunication
networks, mobile handsets and mobile content. We believe Maopao and related technologies provide practical solutions to the problems facing mobile application stores operating in China described below.
Compatibility with Mobile Handsets
Chinas mobile handset market is characterized by the fragmentation of handset hardware, ranging from low-end handsets designed for basic telecommunication functions to top-of-the-line models. A
successful mobile application store must be compatible with such diversified hardware, as well as a myriad of operating systems and other software available on handsets in China.
Maopao is designed to be compatible with all mainstream handset development hardware such as MTK, Spreadtrum, Qualcomm and MStar
Semiconductor, and software such as Android, Flash, Nucleus, Brew, TI and Linux, among others, and facilitates the operation of individual applications on various mobile operating systems. With our knowledge of various handset models in China,
obtained through our cooperation with handset design houses and involvement in the handset design process, we are familiar with the advantages and shortcomings of many popular handset models. Maopao and its applications and content are designed to
better utilize the resources of popular handset models hardware and software and bypass their system bottlenecks, enhancing the performance of the applications and content in the actual operative environment.
Compared to a typical Java format mobile application, an application in our proprietary MRP format requires much less storage space,
roughly one-third of the size of a Java based file for a similar game or application, and takes only one-sixth of the handset memory space a Java application would take when playing. This makes Maopao and our applications and content more
appropriate to run in the operating environment of mobile handsets.
In order to run smoothly, many of todays
sophisticated mobile applications, especially mobile social games, generally require expensive top-of-the-line hardware for its high computational power and extensive memory space to achieve satisfactory performance. In contrast, Maopao and our
applications are designed to be flexible to allow for effective game play and good user experience even on lower-end handsets. We believe such flexible requirements for handset hardware and software provide us with a competitive advantage and allows
us to access a broad range of users in China.
Connectivity with Mobile Networks
Chinas network environment also presents challenges to mobile application store operators. Each of the three dominant mobile
network operators has dozens of provincial subsidiaries usually running local networks in their respective regions. Therefore, a national mobile application store operator must deal with many different network operating environments. Utilizing our
core development teams experience in telecommunications networking, we have a good grasp of the actual network operating environments in different regions in China, including their actual connectivity, interconnection among different networks
and their respective effective fee standards.
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We design Maopao to make best use of network resources, accommodating actual network
operating conditions. For example, when users use the applications and content on Maopao, it can automatically detect local network conditions, list network connection alternatives and select the optimized connection solution. When connecting to a
local wireless network that has unique data transmission problems, built-in algorithms on Maopao will minimize data error during transmission.
Digital Rights Management
Maopao is designed to protect against piracy. Unlike other application stores that rely on open source software like Java based programs, our proprietary MRP format has built-in encryption features for
content-protection and secured billing. Each mobile handset utilizing Maopao has an individual computing method for its billing records. Even if hackers attack a handset, the impact is usually limited to that specific handset.
Scalable Hardware Infrastructure
Each physical server in our infrastructure network functions as a virtualized central server, which supports simultaneous mobile application access by approximately one million mobile users. We utilize
this technological foundation for mass computing and operational stability, supporting most sophisticated applications such as mobile social games and complicated social network functions.
Single Socket Solution and Easy Upgrade Process
We implement a
single socket solution, which significantly improves wireless data transmission speed and application stability. Unlike certain other mobile application stores that require users to open a socket for each application, our single-socket approach
saves users the time and resources needed for opening and closing different sockets and switching among sockets. Maopao and the cloud computing at our servers allow the operation of several functions concurrently through one socket on a given
handset.
Maopao also shortens the application upgrade process, which is common for mobile social games. Users generally have
to reload the entire application for such upgrades, which drastically slows down the application and usually frustrates mobile users. Maopao simplifies the upgrade process by requiring reloading only the upgraded part of the applications,
significantly reducing processing time.
Competition
The mobile application store market in China is competitive. The market is characterized by frequent introduction of new products and services, short product life cycles, evolving industry standards,
regular improvement in performance characteristics, rapid adoption of technological and product advancements, user price sensitivity and aggressive price cutting by competitors with resulting downward pressure on gross margins. We compete directly
with:
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other independent application store operators which offer mobile application stores similar to ours, such as NetDragon Websoft Inc., and Shanghai
Coolbar Co., Ltd.;
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handset companies that have developed their own proprietary application stores, such as iTunes App Store on iPhones from Apple Inc.;
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mobile software providers, such as Guangzhou Ucfly Company, which has developed UCWeb, a mobile handset browser;
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mobile operating systems that have their own application stores, such as Android and Windows Phone;
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mobile network operators that provide their own application stores, such as Monternet Mobile Market from China Mobile and the UNI-Info Platform from
China Unicom; and
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large Chinese Internet companies that may develop and operate their own mobile application stores, such as Qihoo 360, Alibaba, Tencent and Baidu.
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We may also face alliances between our existing and new competitors. New competitors may also emerge. For
example, mobile service providers, handset companies or other parties may introduce a mobile application store or other business model to compete with us. In addition, some wireless communication chip manufacturers have launched or plan to launch
their own application stores.
We compete primarily on the basis of user base, relationships with content developers, handset
companies and mobile service providers, key technologies as well as research and development capabilities. For a discussion of risks relating to competition, see Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors Risks Related to
Our Business and Our Industry We may face increased competition, which could reduce our market share and materially adversely affect our results of operations.
Intellectual Property
We regard our copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets
and other intellectual property as critical to our success, and rely on trademark and copyright law, trade secret protection and confidentiality and/or license agreements with our employees, suppliers and others to protect our proprietary rights.
Our research and development personnel have entered into confidentiality and proprietary information agreements or clauses with us. These agreements address intellectual property protection issues and require our employees to assign to us all of the
inventions, designs and technologies they develop during their employment.
Licenses from Third Parties
While we develop original applications, a majority of the applications and content offered by Maopao are developed by third parties and
contain intellectual property owned by third parties, including copyrights and trademarks. We enter into agreements with intellectual property owners or their authorized sub-licensors to obtain licenses to use such intellectual property in our
business, such as applications and content launched on Maopao.
Under the license agreements, we usually pay ongoing license
fees through sales proceeds sharing arrangements. We sometimes pay content developers a minimum guaranteed amount to cover part of their development costs in addition to sharing the sales proceeds. For certain simple applications such as card games,
we may make a one-time payment to content developers for licensing all rights associated with a particular application.
Trademarks,
Trade Name, Copyrights and Domain Names
As of the date of this annual report, we have applied for the registration of
the
trademarks in China. We have obtained 84 copyright registrations for software we developed, including development tools for our MRP format, as well as applications offered on Maopao. In addition, we have registered
70 domain names, including sky-mobi.com and 51mrp.com, our primary operation websites.
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While we actively take steps to protect our proprietary rights, such steps may not be
adequate to prevent the infringement or misappropriation of our intellectual property. This is particularly the case in China, where laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States. Infringement or misappropriation of
our intellectual property could materially harm our business. In addition, many parties are actively developing and seeking patent protection for wireless services-related technologies. We expect these parties to take steps to protect these
technologies, including seeking patent protection.
Patents issued or pending that are held by others may cover significant
parts of our technology or business methods. Disputes over rights to these technologies are likely to arise in the future. Our offerings may infringe valid patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights held by third parties. We may be
subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time relating to the intellectual property of others, as discussed in Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Business and Our
Industry Our results of operations, financial performance and business may be adversely affected by potential intellectual property rights infringement claims against us.
Seasonality
Our results of operations may be affected by seasonal trends
caused by user behavior and demand for our applications and content offerings. We expect our revenues to be higher during holiday periods, when users purchase more applications and other content through our mobile application store. Such seasonality
has appeared less prominent in recent periods when we achieved significant revenue growth, but may become more prominent in the future.
Insurance
We maintain
directors and officers liability insurance and do not maintain any property insurance other than insurance for our transportation vehicles. Consistent with customary industry practice in China, we do not maintain business interruption insurance.
Uninsured damage to any of our equipment or buildings or a significant product liability claim could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. See Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors Risks Related
to Our Business and Our Industry We have limited insurance coverage, which could expose us to significant costs and business disruption.
Regulations
Regulation of the Telecommunications Industry
Telecommunications Services
On September 25, 2000, the State Council of the PRC, or the State Council, issued the Regulations on Telecommunications of the PRC, or the Regulations on Telecommunications, which regulate the
telecommunications industry and related activities and services in the PRC. The MIIT (formerly the Ministry of Information Industry, or the MII) regulates the telecommunications industry on a national level and the relevant provincial-level
communications administrative bureaus, or the CABs, supervise and regulate the telecommunications industry in their respective administrative regions.
The Regulations on Telecommunications classify telecommunications services into two main categories: (1) basic telecommunications services and (2) telecommunications value-added services, and
further divide each main category into several sub-categories. According to the Catalog for Classification of Telecommunications Businesses, which became effective on April 1, 2003, our business constitutes provision of information services
through mobile networks and the Internet, and is classified in the category of telecommunications value-added services.
The
provision of telecommunications value-added services in the PRC is subject to the examination and approval of, and requires a license issued by, the MIIT or the relevant CABs. On March 1, 2009, the MIIT issued the Administrative Measures for
the Licensing of Telecommunications Business Operations, which set forth the basic requirements that an applicant must satisfy when applying for a license to provide telecommunications value-added services in the PRC. Such requirements include the
following:
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the applicant is a duly incorporated company;
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the applicant has the necessary funds and professional staff suitable for its business activities;
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the applicant has the reputation or capability to provide customers with long-term services;
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to operate telecommunications value-added services business across two or more provinces, autonomous regions or centrally administered municipalities,
the applicant should have a minimum registered capital of RMB10,000,000; to operate telecommunications value-added services business within one province, autonomous region or centrally administered municipality only, the applicant should have a
minimum registered capital of RMB1,000,000;
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the applicant has the necessary premises, facilities and technical scheme; and
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the applicant and its major capital contributors and business managers have no record of violating rules of the telecommunication supervision and
administration during the past three years.
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Provision of telecommunications value-added services across
two or more provinces, autonomous regions or centrally administered municipalities requires the approval of the MIIT and a Trans-regional Telecommunications Value-added Services Operation License issued by the MIIT. Provision of such services to one
province, autonomous region or centrally administered municipality requires only the approval of the relevant CAB, which will issue a Telecommunications Value-added Services Operation License. We provide our telecommunications services from Zhejiang
province only and we do not have subsidiaries or servers in other parts of China. As such, we only need the approval of the Zhejiang CAB. Each of our controlled SPEs, namely Hangzhou Sky, Mijia and Fanyi has been granted a Telecommunications
Value-added Services Operation License by Zhejiang CAB.
On March 13, 2005, the MII issued the Specifications for
Telecommunications Services, which specify the telecommunications service standards to which telecommunications service providers in the PRC should conform. It also requires telecommunications services providers to establish a sound service quality
management system and make periodic reports to the relevant telecommunications authorities.
Foreign Investments in the
Telecommunications Value-added Services Industry
Foreign direct investment in the telecommunications services industry in
China is regulated by the Regulations on the Administration of Foreign-Invested Telecommunications Enterprises, or the FITE Regulations, issued by the State Council on December 11, 2001 and amended by the State Council on September 10,
2008. According to the FITE Regulations, a foreign investors ultimate equity interests in any entity providing telecommunications value-added services in the PRC may not exceed 50% and a foreign investor wishing to acquire any equity interest
in a telecommunications value-added services business in the PRC must demonstrate a good track record and prior experience in providing telecommunications value-added services outside the PRC.
On July 13, 2006, the MII issued the Notice Regarding Strengthening Administration of Foreign Investment in Operating
Telecommunications Value-Added Businesses, or the MII Notice, which prohibits holders of telecommunications value-added services operating licenses, including Trans-regional Telecommunications Value-added Services Operation Licenses and
Telecommunications Value-added Services Operation Licenses, from leasing, transferring or selling their licenses to any foreign investors in any manner, or providing any resources, premises or facilities to any foreign investors for illegal
operation of telecommunications services businesses in the PRC.
The MII Notice also requires that (1) holders of
telecommunications value-added services operation licenses or their shareholders must directly own the domain names and trademarks used by such license holders in their daily operations; (2) each license holder must have the necessary
facilities for its approved business operations and maintain such facilities in the regions covered by its license; and (3) all value-added telecommunications service providers maintain network and Internet security in accordance with the
standards set forth in relevant PRC regulations. If a license holder fails to comply with the requirements in the MII Notice and fails to remedy such non-compliance within a designated period, the MIIT or relevant CABs may take administrative
actions against such license holders, including revoking their telecommunications valued-added services operation licenses. We provide our services through our controlled SPEs that own Telecommunications Value-added Services Operation Licenses.
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Regulation of the Software Development Industry
Software Development
On October 16, 2000, the MII, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Science and Technology and the State Administration of Taxation, or SAT, promulgated the Certifying Standards and Administrative
Measures for Software Enterprises (Proposed), which specify the certifying standards of software enterprises, including:
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the applicant must be an enterprise established in the PRC that engages in the business of computer software development and production, system
integration or application service, or similar activities;
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the enterprise develops one or more software products or possesses intellectual property rights for such products, or provides technical services such
as computer information system integration that has passed qualification and grade certification;
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the proportion of technical staff working in software development and technical service must not be less than 50% of the total staff in the enterprise;
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the development fund for software techniques and products must be over 8% of the enterprises annual income from software; and
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the annual sale income from software sales must be over 35% of the total annual income of the enterprise, with the income of self-developed software
over 50% of the software sales income.
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Enterprises that are qualified as software enterprises
are entitled to certain preferential policies in the PRC. According to the Circular on Relevant Policies for Encouraging the Development of the Software and Integrated Circuit Industries, or Circular No. 25, issued by the Ministry of
Finance and SAT, newly-established software development enterprises (i.e., those established after July 1, 2001) may be exempted from income tax in the first two years of profitability and pay income taxes at half the standard rate for the next
three years. According to the Circular on Relevant Policies for Further Encouraging the Development of the Software and Integrated Circuit Industries (No. 27 (2012)), issued by the Ministry of Finance, a revised and updated version of Circular
No. 25, enterprises which enjoyed preferential treatment under Circular No. 25 before December 31, 2010 may continue to enjoy preferential treatment until the expiration of the original five-year period.
On February 22, 2008, the Ministry of Finance and SAT promulgated the Notice on Several Preferential Policies in Respect of
Enterprise Income Tax, or Notice 2008 No. 1, reiterating the policy that a software enterprise newly established within China may, upon determination, be exempted from income taxes for its first two profit-making years and will be subject to
income tax at half the standard rate for the next three years. On April 24, 2009, the Ministry of Finance and SAT promulgated the Notice on Several Issues Relevant to the Implementation of the Preferential Policies on Enterprise Income Tax,
which states that software enterprises and integrated circuit production enterprises established prior to the end of 2007 may, upon certification, enjoy the preferential policies on EIT reductions and exemptions within specified periods as provided
in the Notice 2008 No. 1. An enterprise that made profits in 2007 or in the years preceding 2007 and started enjoying the EIT reductions and exemptions within specified periods may enjoy the relevant preferential policies from 2008 until the
expiration of the specified periods.
The software development enterprise certification is subject to annual examination.
Hangzhou Sky was granted a software enterprise certification on December 14, 2007, and passed the annual inspection for 2008 and 2009. It enjoyed the preferential income tax policy, i.e., income tax exemption for the first two profit-making
years (i.e., 2008 and 2009), and a reduced rate for the next three years.
On March 5, 2009, the MIIT issued the
Administrative Measures for Software Products, or the Measures for Software Products, to regulate the development, production, sale and import of software products, including computer software, software embedded in information systems and equipment,
and computer software provided in conjunction with other information or technology services. The Measures for Software Products forbid the development, production, sale and import of software products that infringe intellectual property rights of
third parties, contain computer viruses, harm computer system security or contain content prohibited by PRC law.
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The Measures for Software Products require registration and filing of software products
with provincial level software registration institutions authorized to accept and review software products registration applications. Once accepted for review, the software product registration application will be publicly announced, and if no
objection is received within a seven-working-day publication period, a software registration number and a software product registration certificate will be granted. A software registration certificate is valid for five years and may be renewed upon
expiration.
Foreign Investments in the Software Development Industry
According to the Catalogue of Industries for Guiding Foreign Investment, amended in 2011, foreign investment is encouraged in the sector
of software development and production. As such, there are no restrictions on foreign investment in the software development industry in the PRC aside from requirements to obtain business licenses and other permits that every software developer in
the PRC must obtain.
Regulation of Intellectual Property Rights
Trademarks
Registered trademarks in the PRC are protected by the Trademark Law of the PRC, which came into effect in 1982 and was revised in 1993 and 2001. A trademark can be registered in the PRC with the Trademark
Office under the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. The protection period for a registered trademark in the PRC is ten years starting from the registration date and may be renewed if an application for renewal is filed within six months
prior to expiration.
Copyright
Copyright in the PRC is protected by the Copyright Law of the PRC, which was promulgated in 1990 and revised in 2001 and 2010. Under the revised Copyright Law, copyright protection has been extended to
information networks and products transmitted on information networks. Copyrights are reserved by the author, unless otherwise specified by law. According to Article 16 of the Copyright Law, if a work constitutes work for hire, the
employer, instead of the employee, is considered the legal author of the work and will enjoy the copyrights of such work for hire other than rights of authorship.
Works for hire include (1) drawings of engineering designs and product designs, maps, computer software and other works for hire, which are created mainly with the materials and technical
resources of the legal entity or organization with responsibilities being assumed by such legal entity or organization and (2) those works the copyrights of which are, in accordance with the laws or administrative regulations or under
contractual arrangements, enjoyed by a legal entity or organization. The actual creator may enjoy the rights of authorship of such work for hire.
A copyright owner may transfer its copyrights to others or permit others to use its copyrighted works. Use of copyrighted works of others generally requires a license from the copyright owner. The
protection period for copyrights in the PRC varies, with 50 years as the minimum period of protection. The protection period for a work for hire for which a legal entity or organization owns the copyright (except for the right of
authorship) is 50 years, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the first publication of such work.
In
China, computer software copyrights are protected by the Copyright Law. The State Council and the State Copyright Administration of the PRC have promulgated various regulations relating to the protection of software copyrights in China. Under these
regulations, computer software that is independently developed and exists in a physical form is protected, and a software copyright owner may license or transfer its software copyrights to others. Registration of software copyrights, exclusive
licenses and transfer contracts with the Copyright Protection Center of China (previously, the State Copyright Administration) or its local branches is encouraged.
Although such registration is not mandatory under PRC law, it provides owners with more protection. On January 16, 2013, the State Council issued the Decision of the State Council on Revising the
Regulations for the Protection of Computer Software (Order No. 632), which became effective on March 1, 2013. Order No. 632 increases fines for the following actions.
56
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(1)
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Reproducing in full or in part a copyright owners software;
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(2)
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Distributing, renting, or disseminating via an information network a copyright owners software to the public;
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(3)
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Intentionally evading or disabling a copyright owners technical measures for protecting the software copyright thereof;
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(4)
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Intentionally deleting or modifying electronic information on software rights management; or
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(5)
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Transferring, or granting license, to others the right to exercise a copyright owners software copyright.
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Under the circumstances specified in Item (1) or Item (2) of the previous paragraph, a fine of RMB 100 per item or a fine
of between one and five times the value of the goods may be imposed (in addition to the sanctions initially imposed by the original regulations); under the circumstances specified in Item (3), Item (4) or Item (5) of the previous
paragraph, a fine of less than RMB 200,000 may be imposed (in addition to the sanctions initially imposed by the original regulations).
Regulation of the Internet
Internet domain names
Internet domain names in the PRC are regulated by
the Administrative Measures on the PRC Internet Domain Name, which were promulgated by the MII and came into effect on December 20, 2004, and the Implementation Rules of Registration of Domain Name, which was promulgated by PRCs domain
name registrar, the China Internet Network Information Centre, and came into effect on December 1, 2002.
Domain name
service organizations accept applications for network domain names and domain name registration applicants become holders of the registered domain or name after registration. A holder needs to pay operation fees on time to keep its registered domain
name or the domain name registrar may revoke the domain name. In case any registration information of a domain name changes, the holder must file the change with the domain name registrar within 30 days after such change.
CNNIC is responsible for the administration of .cn domain names and Chinese domain names. Disputes in respect of domain names are
regulated by the Measures on Resolution of Disputes regarding Domain Names, which was issued by CNNIC and revised on February 14, 2006. Organizations approved by the CNNIC settle such disputes.
Provision of Internet Information Services
Provision of Internet information services in the PRC is regulated by the Administrative Measures on Internet Information Services, adopted by the State Council on September 20, 2000. According to
these measures, provision of Internet information services regarding news, publication, education, medicine and health care, pharmacies and medical appliances is subject to examination, approval and regulation by relevant authorities responsible for
regulating these sectors. Electronic bulletin services also require special applications and filings in accordance with relevant regulations (as described below).
Internet content providers are not allowed to provide services beyond the scope of the content that has been licensed or registered. The measures also provide a list of prohibited content on the Internet.
Internet information service providers are required to monitor and censor the information on their websites, and when prohibited content is found, they should terminate the transmission immediately, keep relevant records and report the prohibited
content immediately to relevant authorities.
57
According to these measures, commercial Internet information service providers must obtain
a License for Internet Content Providers, or ICP license. Moreover, provision of ICP services in multiple provinces, autonomous regions and centrally administered municipalities may require a trans-regional ICP license.
On February 17, 2011, the MOC issued the Provisional Regulations for the Administration of Internet Culture, or the Internet
Culture Regulations, which took effect on April 1, 2011 and replaced the Provisional Regulations for the Administration of Internet Culture, which were issued by the MOC on May 10, 2003 and were amended on June 2, 2004.
The Internet Culture Regulations apply to entities engaging in activities related to Internet cultural products, including
music and video files, network games, animation features and audiovisual products, performed plays and artwork converted for dissemination via the internet. Pursuant to these regulations, commercial entities are required to apply to the relevant
local branch of the MOC for an Internet Culture Operating Permit if they engage in any of the following types of activities:
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the production, duplication, importation, wholesale, retail, leasing or broadcasting of Internet cultural products;
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the dissemination of Internet cultural products on the Internet or transmission thereof to (i) client end devices such as computers, fixed-line or
mobile phones, television sets or gaming consoles and (ii) places offering internet access services, such as internet cafes, for the purpose of browsing, reading, using or downloading such products; or
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the exhibition or holding of contests related to Internet cultural products.
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Online Games
On June 3, 2010, the MOC issued the Tentative Rule on Administration of Online Games, or the Rule on Online Games, effective as of August 1, 2010. According to the Rule on Online Games,
companies that plan to operate online games, issue virtual currency and provide virtual currency transaction services must obtain a license from the provincial counterpart of the MOC. The MOC is responsible for reviewing the content of online games.
Online game operators are also required to establish a self-censorship mechanism and ensure the lawfulness of the content of their games and corporate operations.
Online game operators must provide instructions to users and necessary warnings regarding content, functions and targeted players of online games, and display them conspicuously on their website and in
the games. Online games targeting minors must not include any content that allures minors to imitate behavior undermining public morality or instigate crimes, or any content which is harmful to minors health, such as content depicting terror
or cruelty.
Online game operators must take technical measures to prevent minors from accessing unsuitable games or game
functions, restrict minors playing time and prevent minors from becoming addicted to online games. Online game operators must require Internet users to go through an identity registration process with valid identification and online game
operators must keep such registration information. In addition, the Rule on Online Games prohibits providers of virtual currency transaction services from offering these services to minors.
On July 1, 2011, GAPP, the Central Civilization Office, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Security, MIIT, the Central
Committee of the Communist Youth League, All-China Womens Federation and China National Committee for the Wellbeing of the Youth issued the Notice on the Initiation of the Real-name Verification of the Anti-addiction System for Online Games,
or the Notice on Online Games, effective as of October 1, 2011. According to the Notice on Online Games, the Identity Inquiry Center of the Ministry of Public Security, or the Identity Inquiry Center, is responsible for the verification of
online users identities and all online games companies must cooperate with the Identity Inquiry Center and satisfy all applicable requirements.
Network Information Protection
On December 28, 2012, the Standing
Committee of the National Peoples Congress issued the Decision on Strengthening Network Information Protection.
58
According to the Decision on Strengthening Network Information Protection, organizations
and individuals shall neither steal nor otherwise unlawfully obtain the personal electronic information of citizens, nor sell or illegally provide others with such electronic information. To collect and use the personal electronic information of
citizens during business activities, network service providers and other enterprises and public institutions shall follow the principles of lawful, righteous and necessary collection and use, specify the purposes, ways and scope of information
collection and use, obtain the consent of the persons whose information is collected, and shall not collect and use such information in violation of laws or regulations, or in breach of mutual agreements.
Network service providers and other enterprises and public institutions shall make public the rules on collecting and using the personal
electronic information of citizens. No organization and individual may send commercial electronic information to the landline number, mobile phone number or personal e-mail address of an electronic information recipient without his/her consent or
request, or after he/she has given an explicit refusal.
Punishments against violations of this decision includes giving a
warning, imposing fines, confiscating illegal gains, revoking licenses or cancelling record-filing, shutting down the websites concerned, and prohibiting the persons subject to liability from engaging in network services business. In addition, the
violations shall be recorded in the social credit files of the parties concerned, and be made public. Violations that constitute violations of public security administration shall be given public security administration punishments in accordance
with PRC law. Criminal liabilities shall be investigated in accordance with the law against violations hereof that constitute criminal offenses. Whoever infringes upon the civil rights and interests of others shall bear civil liabilities in
accordance with the law.
Dividend Distribution
The principal regulations governing distribution of dividends of wholly foreign-owned enterprises include the Foreign-invested Enterprise Law promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National
Peoples Congress, as amended on October 31, 2000, and the Implementation Rules of the Foreign-invested Enterprise Law issued by the State Council, as amended on April 12, 2001.
Under these laws and regulations, foreign-invested enterprises in China may pay dividends only out of their accumulated profits, if any,
determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, foreign-invested enterprises in China are required to allocate at least 10% of their respective net profits each year, if any, to fund certain reserve funds unless
these reserves have reached 50% of the registered capital of the enterprises. Foreign-invested enterprises are not allowed to distribute profits until deficits of previous fiscal years have been made up.
Foreign Currency Exchange
The principal regulations governing foreign currency exchange in the PRC are the Foreign Exchange Administration Regulations promulgated by the State Council, as amended on August 5, 2008, or the
Foreign Exchange Regulations. Under the Foreign Exchange Regulations, RMB are freely convertible for current account items, as long as true and lawful transaction basis is provided, but not for capital account items, such as capital transfers,
direct investments, loans, repatriation of investments and investments in securities and derivatives outside of the PRC, unless the prior approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, is obtained and prior registration with SAFE
is made.
On December 25, 2006, the Peoples Bank of China issued the Administration Measures on Individual Foreign
Exchange Control and SAFE issued its Implementation Rules on January 5, 2007, both of which became effective on February 1, 2007. Under these regulations, all foreign exchange matters involved in employee stock ownership plans, stock
option plans and similar plans participated in by onshore individuals must be transacted upon approval from SAFE or its authorized branch.
On March 28, 2007, SAFE promulgated the Operating Procedures for Administration of Domestic Individuals Participating in the Employee Stock Option Plan or Stock Option Plan of An Overseas Listed
Company, or Circular 78. Under Circular 78, PRC citizens who participate in stock incentive plans or equity compensation plans of an overseas publicly listed company are required, through a PRC agent or PRC subsidiaries of such overseas
publicly-listed company, to complete certain foreign exchange registration procedures with respect to the plans upon the examination by, and approval of, SAFE.
59
On August 29, 2008, SAFE issued the Circular on the Relevant Operating Issues
Concerning the Improvement of the Administration of the Payment and Settlement of Foreign Currency Capital of Foreign-Invested Enterprises, or SAFE Circular No. 142. Pursuant to SAFE Circular No. 142, RMB-converted capital invested by a
foreign-invested enterprise must be used within the enterprises business scope as approved by the examination and approval authority, and cannot be used to make equity investments in China unless otherwise provided for in the enterprises
business scope. Documents certifying the purposes of RMB converted from foreign capital, including a business contract, must be submitted for such conversion.
In addition, SAFE strengthened its oversight of the flow and use of RMB-converted capital invested by a foreign-invested enterprise. The use of such RMB capital may not be altered without SAFEs
approval, and such RMB capital may not in any case be used to repay an existing RMB loan if the proceeds of such loan have not been used. Furthermore, on November 19, 2010, SAFE issued the Notice on Strengthening the Administration of Foreign
Exchange, or Notice No. 59, which requires the authenticity of settlement of net proceeds from offshore offerings to be closely examined and the net proceeds to be used in the manner described in the offering documents. Violations of SAFE
Circular No. 142 and Notice No. 59 could result in severe monetary or other penalties.
Offshore Financing
On October 21, 2005, SAFE issued Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Control on Domestic Residents Corporate Financing
and Roundtrip Investment Through Offshore Special Purpose Vehicles, or Circular 75, which became effective as of November 1, 2005. Circular 75 requires PRC residents to register with the local SAFE branch before establishing or controlling any
company outside of China for the purpose of capital financing with assets or equities of PRC companies, or an offshore special purpose vehicle.
PRC residents that are shareholders or beneficial owners of offshore special purpose vehicles established before November 1, 2005 were required to register with the local SAFE branch before
March 31, 2006. In addition, any PRC resident that is a shareholder of an offshore special purpose vehicle is required to amend its SAFE registration with respect to that offshore special purpose company in connection with any increase or
decrease of capital, transfer of shares, merger, division, equity investment or creation of any security interest over any assets located in China or other material changes in share capital.
In May 2007, SAFE issued guidance to its local branches with respect to the process for SAFE registration, which standardized more
specific and stringent supervision on the registration relating to Circular 75. SAFE issued a series of subsequent rules, including the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Implementing Rules for the Administration of Foreign Exchange in
Fund-Raising and Round-Trip Investment Activities of Domestic Residents Conducted via Offshore Special Purpose Companies, or Circular 19, which became effective on July 1, 2011. Circular 75 and these implementing rules require PRC residents and
PRC enterprises to register or file with relevant PRC government authorities their direct or indirect offshore investment activities, round-trip investments in the PRC conducted through an offshore entity and subsequent changes in their share
capital.
We have requested our shareholders and beneficial owners to disclose whether they or their shareholders or
beneficial owners fall within the scope of Circular 75 and urge those who are PRC residents to register with the local SAFE branch as required under Circular 75. However, we cannot provide any assurance that all of our shareholders and beneficial
owners who are PRC residents will comply with our request to make, obtain or update any applicable registrations or comply with other requirements required by Circular 75 or other related rules. In case of any non-compliance on any of our PRC
resident shareholders or beneficial owners, our PRC subsidiaries and such shareholders and beneficial owners may be subject to fines and other legal sanctions, including restrictions on our ability to contribute additional capital to our PRC
subsidiaries and our PRC subsidiaries ability to distribute dividends to our offshore holding companies, which may adversely affect our business.
Overseas Listing
On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory
agencies, namely the Ministry of Commerce, SAT, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the CSRC and SAFE, jointly adopted the M&A Rule, which became effective on September 8, 2006. The M&A Rule, as amended by the Ministry
of Commerce on June 22, 2009, requires offshore special purpose vehicles that are controlled by PRC companies or residents and that have been formed for the purpose of seeking a public listing on an overseas stock exchange through acquisitions
of PRC domestic companies or assets to obtain CSRC approval prior to publicly listing their securities on an overseas stock exchange.
60
On September 21, 2006, the CSRC published a notice on its website specifying the
documents and materials that special purpose vehicles are required to submit when seeking CSRC approval for their listings outside of China. The interpretation and application of the M&A Rule remain unclear, and our initial public offering might
have required approval from the CSRC. If it did, it is uncertain how long it will take us to obtain the approval. If CSRC approval was required for our initial public offering, our failure to obtain or delay in obtaining the CSRC approval would
subject us to sanctions imposed by the CSRC and other PRC regulatory agencies, which could include fines and penalties on our operations in China, restrictions or limitations on our ability to pay dividends outside of China, and other forms of
sanctions that may materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our PRC counsel,
Jincheng Tongda & Neal Law Firm, has advised us that, based on their understanding of current PRC laws, regulations and rules and the procedures announced on September 21, 2006, because (i) we established our PRC subsidiaries by
means of direct investment other than by merger or acquisition of the equity or assets of PRC domestic companies, and (ii) there is no provision in the M&A Rule that classifies our contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Sky and Mijia as the
acquisition of Hangzhou Sky and Mijia, we were not required to apply to the CSRC for the approval of the listing and trading of our ADSs on the NASDAQ Global Market. However, following the State Councils decision to establish the security
review system for mergers and acquisitions of domestic enterprises by foreign investors on February 3, 2011, the Ministry of Commerce promulgated the Regulations on Implementing the Security Review System for Mergers and Acquisitions of
Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors on August 25, 2011, or the Security Review System Regulations, which specifically prohibits foreign investors from using contractual control to circumvent the aforesaid security review.
Although at present the Security Review System Regulations cannot be regarded as a valid basis for the interpretation of the M&A
Rule, substantial uncertainties exist regarding how to interpret and implement the M&A Rule and the opinions of our PRC counsel summarized above are subject to any new laws, rules and regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations
in any form relating to the M&A Rule. We cannot assure you that the relevant PRC government agencies, including the CSRC, would reach the same conclusion as our PRC counsel.
B.
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Organizational Structure
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The following diagram illustrates our shareholding and corporate structure and the place of incorporation of each of our subsidiaries and
SPEs as of the date of this annual report. For a listing of all of our significant subsidiaries and SPEs as of the date of this annual report, see Exhibit 8.1 filed herewith.
61
(1)
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Sequoia Capital China II, L.P., Sequoia Capital China Principals Fund II, L.P. and Sequoia Capital China Partners Fund II, L.P., together, the Sequoia Funds,
collectively own 33,389,800 common shares.
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(2)
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Sky Technologies International Ltd is 60% owned by Sky Network International Ltd, 30% owned by Mr. Qing Yan and Mr. Wenjie Wu, and the remaining 10% is owned
by a minority investor.
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(3)
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Feineng is our SPE in China and is currently 60% owned by Mr. Michael Tao Song, our founder, chairman and chief executive officer, and 40% owned by Mr. Li Ou,
our chief technology officer.
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(4)
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Mijia is one of our SPEs in China and is currently 46.4% owned by Mr. Michael Tao Song, 23.2% owned by Mr. Li Ou, 9.28% owned by Mr. Yan Tang, our
terminal technology director, 0.87% owned by Mr. Qing Yan, our chief operating officer, and the remaining 20.25% owned by seven of our employees.
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(5)
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Hangzhou Sky is one of our SPEs in China and is currently 80% owned by Mijia and 20% owned by Ms. Qinyi Zhu, wife of Mr. Michael Tao Song.
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(6)
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Fanyi is our SPE in China and is currently 75% owned by Mr. Michael Tao Song and 25% owned by Mr. Tao Yang, an employee of an affiliate of the Sequoia Funds.
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(7)
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Hangzhou Investment is our SPE in China and is currently 100% owned by Mr. Michael Tao Song.
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(8)
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Miyi is one of our SPEs in China and is currently 60% owned by Mr. Michael Tao Song and 40% owned by Mr. Yan Tang.
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(9)
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Najia is one of our SPEs in China and is currently 60% owned by Mr. Li Ou and 40% owned by Mr. Yan Tang.
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(10)
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Tianchu is one of our SPEs in China and is currently 60% owned by Mr. Michael Tao Song and 40% owned by Mr. Li Ou.
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(11)
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Hangzhou Mopin Technologies Co.,Ltd. is one of our subsidiaries in China and is currently 95.88% owned by us and 4.12% owned by Mr. Zhiguo Zhou, an employee of the
Company.
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62
We have entered into contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng,
Hangzhou Investment, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu and their respective shareholders through which we exercise effective control over the operations of these entities and receive the economic benefits of the shareholders equity interests in these
entities. As a result of these contractual arrangements, under IFRS, we are considered to have control over Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Hangzhou Investment, Miyi, Najia and Tianchu, and thus consolidate their results in our consolidated
financial statements. See Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors Risks Related to Doing Business in China If the PRC government determines that the contractual arrangements that establish the structure for operating our
business do not comply with applicable PRC laws and regulations, we could be subject to severe penalties.
Unless
terminated at Dianneng or Tiandians sole discretion, each agreement with the SPEs has a term of ten years or 20 years and is renewable at Dianneng or Tiandians sole discretion.
Contractual Arrangements with the SPEs and their Shareholders
Our
relationships with our SPEs and their shareholders are governed by a series of contractual arrangements. Under PRC law, each of our SPEs, Dianneng and Tiandian is an independent legal person and neither of them is exposed to liabilities incurred by
the other party. Other than pursuant to the contractual arrangements SPEs and Dianneng and Tiandian, our SPEs are not required to transfer any funds generated from their operations to Dianneng or Tiandian.
Exclusive Business Cooperation or Service Agreements
. Our SPEs have entered into the following service agreements with
Dianneng or Tiandian: a technical support service agreement, a strategy consulting service agreement and an intellectual property license agreement, under which our SPEs engage Dianneng or Tiandian as their exclusive provider of technical support
and strategy consulting services and Dianneng or Tiandian agrees to grant to our SPEs a non-exclusive and non-transferable license to use certain intellectual property owned by it. Our SPEs pay Dianneng or Tiandian service fees and royalties as
determined by Dianneng or Tiandian based on the services provided and the actual use of the intellectual property, respectively. Dianneng and Tiandian own any intellectual property created or obtained by SPEs under the strategy consulting service
agreement.
Equity Pledge Agreements
. Our SPEs and their respective shareholders have entered into equity
pledge agreements with Dianneng and Tiandian, under which the shareholders of our SPEs pledged all of their equity interests in the SPEs to Dianneng or Tiandian as collateral for all of payments from the SPEs due to Dianneng or Tiandian under the
above service agreements. If any event of default as defined under these agreements occurs, Dianneng or Tiandian, as pledgee, will be entitled to dispose of the pledged equity interests in certain ways, including by negotiating with such
shareholders for the transfer of the pledged equity interests.
Purchase Option Agreements
. Our SPEs and their
shareholders have entered into a purchase option agreements with Dianneng and Tiandian, under which the shareholders of the SPEs irrevocably granted to Dianneng or Tiandian or their designee an exclusive option to purchase equity interests in the
SPEs or all or a part of the assets owned by the SPEs at a purchase price equal to their respective initial contributions to the registered capital of the SPEs.
Dianneng and Tiandian may exercise such options at any time. In addition, the SPEs and their shareholders agree that without Dianneng or Tiandians consent, the SPEs will not sell, transfer, mortgage
or otherwise dispose of any of its assets, business or beneficial interests, engage in any transactions that could substantially affect its assets, liabilities, operations, equity interests or other legal rights, or declare any dividend, unless all
the equity interests in or assets of the SPEs have been transferred to Dianneng or Tiandian pursuant to the option under this agreement.
Powers of Attorney
. The shareholders of the SPEs have executed a power of attorney to irrevocably grant to Dianneng or Tiandian or their designees the power of attorney to exercise all of
their rights as shareholders of the SPEs, including the right to appoint and elect board members and senior management members and other voting rights.
C.
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Property, Plant and Equipment
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Our principal executive offices are located at 10/F, Building B, United Mansion, No. 2, Zijinghua Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, Peoples Republic of China. We also maintain offices
at other addresses in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen under leases with terms ranging from one year to less than three years. In aggregate, we maintained a total of approximately 7,500 square meters of office space as of March 31, 2013. We
lease our facilities from independent third-parties and do not own any real property.
63
The following table sets forth a summary of our material leases as of June 28, 2013:
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Location
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Space (in square meters)
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Usage of Property
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Expiration
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Hangzhou
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3,112
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Principal Executive Office
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May 2015
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3,112
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Office
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May 2015
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Beijing
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176
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Office
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May 2014
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Shanghai
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248
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Office
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June 2014
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347
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Office
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August 2013
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We believe that our leased facilities are adequate to meet our needs for the foreseeable future, and that we will be able to obtain adequate facilities, principally through leasing of additional
properties, to accommodate our future expansion.
ITEM 4A.
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UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
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None.
ITEM 5.
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OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
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The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and their related notes included in
this annual report. This report contains forward-looking statements. See H. Safe Harbor. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements,
which involve risks and uncertainties. In evaluating our business, you should also carefully consider the information provided under the caption Item 3. Key InformationD. Risk Factors in this annual report.
Overview
We operate the leading mobile application store in China in terms of the user visits to our Maopao application store. On
our Maopao application store, users can browse, download and purchase a wide range of applications and content, such as single-player games, mobile music and books. In addition, we have established a leading mobile social network community in China,
the Maopao Community, where we operate mobile social games and provide applications and content with social network functions to our registered members. Since inception, we have focused on building a large and engaged user base. We collaborate with
over 1,170 feature phone and 106 smartphone handset companies to pre-install Maopao on mobile phones. From January 1, 2007 to March 31, 2013, Maopao had approximately 1.2 billion cumulative users, including 18.5 million smartphone
users.
We currently derive all our revenues through our feature phone business. We generate revenues primarily through
users purchases of the applications and content offered on our Maopao application store. Third Party content providers develop the majority of these applications and content while we develope the remainder of the applications and content
in-house. We collect payments primarily through mobile service providers, which utilize mobile network operators billing channels to collect payment for users purchases on Maopao. Since March 2010, we have also been working with
independent payment processing agents to collect user payments through a variety of payment channels, including prepaid cards, bank remittance and online payments. From January 1, 2007 to March 31, 2013, we offered over 347,680
applications and over 191,810 content titles in our Maopao application store and experienced 11 billion cumulative downloads.
Through these third-party payment channels, our users can deposit funds into accounts they register with us and then use such funds to
purchase mobile applications and other content through our virtual currency, the K Currency. Currently only registered members of our Maopao Community purchasing virtual items in mobile social games and social network applications in the Maopao
Community can pay through K Currency. Although we have not historically collected a significant portion of our sales proceeds through K Currency, the use of K Currency among our users in connection with our registered membership base
in the Maopao Community has been growing.
64
We share sales proceeds from Maopao with handset companies, content providers and payment
service providers. Costs associated with payments under such sharing arrangements with these industry participants account for most of our cost of revenues.
We have grown substantially since we launched Maopao in 2006. The feature phone handset market has declined since the second half of 2011. We expect that smartphones will gain popularity in China and that
feature phone users will migrate to smartphones. As Chinas smartphone market is increasingly driven by the adoption of low-end smartphones, we are focused on the monetization opportunities available in this segment.
Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
We have benefited from general conditions affecting the mobile applications industry in China, including overall economic growth, which has resulted in increases in disposable income and discretionary
consumer spending; government and industry initiatives accelerating the technological advancement and growth of the mobile handset and mobile applications industry; the growing popularity of and increasing reliance on mobile handsets for
communication needs, sourcing of information and entertainment; and favorable demographic trends, particularly increasing urbanization of young people, who are more inclined to use mobile applications and content. Our results of operations will
continue to be affected by such general conditions.
Our results of operations are also directly affected by the following
specific factors:
The continued growth of Chinas mobile handset industry
We currently generate revenues from our feature phone business. A primary factor impacting our revenues is the sales volume of mobile
handsets in China. While smartphones are gaining popularity in China due to their declining retail prices, feature phones maintain their appeal in the low-price handset market, and represent a significant portion of the Chinese handset market.
Another factor that may drive the growth of our business is the growth of the domestic mobile handset industry in China,
which has developed rapidly in recent years. The growth of the domestic mobile handset market makes mobile handsets more affordable to a wider variety of people and enables more low-end mobile handset users to replace their mobile phones at
relatively low cost. This group of mobile users typically pays greater attention to mobile handsets performance-to-price ratio and tends to be attracted to mobile phones entertainment functionality. We believe that the mobile
entertainment industry will benefit from the increase in the number of low-cost domestic mobile handsets in China.
Our ability to
increase the installed base of our application stores
Our results of operations significantly depend on the overall
size of our user base, which in turn depends on the size of the installed base of our Maopao application store and demand for handsets manufactured by handset companies that pre-install the Maopao application store. Maopao is pre-installed primarily
on low-cost handsets such as feature phones and low-cost smartphones. Our ability to increase the installed base of Maopao depends on many factors, some of which are not within our control. The fast growth of the Chinese handset market is
characterized by fragmentation and rapid innovation in design and functionality. We believe our success depends on the growth of Chinas low-cost handset market, the successful development of our new mobile application stores for smartphones
and our ability to maintain and enhance our relationships with handset companies and establish cooperation with additional handset companies, particularly those with substantial market share or high growth potential.
As of March 31, 2013, we had pre-installation arrangements with over 1,170 feature phone and 106 smartphone handset companies. From
January 1, 2007 to March 31, 2013, Maopao had approximately 1.2 billion cumulative users. Our large user base among feature phone users has contributed to our revenue growth and has solidified our central position in the mobile application
sector. We have also launched Maopao for smartphones and developed a series of smartphone products including Maopao browser and Maopao assistant for our smartphone users. As of March 31, 2013, we had over 140,000 daily smartphone user
additions. User acceptance of over-the-air download of Maopao and our ability to pre-install Maopao in smartphones will also affect our user base and results of operations.
65
Our ability to continue to source and offer popular applications and content and monetize our large
user base
We generate revenues primarily through users purchases of mobile applications and other content
offered on Maopao. This substantially depends on our ability to source applications and content that appeal to rapidly changing user preferences, mobilize our user base into a community of active members and appropriately price our content
offerings. Our ability to identify and offer applications and other content appealing to our target users in China, such as popular local card games, mobile social games, mobile books, dating-related applications and other social network functions,
has significantly contributed to our revenue growth.
We believe the popularity of our applications and content on Maopao
will affect the loyalty of our users and their willingness to spend money on such applications and content. As user preferences for mobile applications and other content can change quickly, our results of operations will significantly depend on our
ability to source, aggregate and update applications and content on Maopao to cater to users interests and attract users to download and pay for such applications and content. In particular, we believe our users have a growing interest in
mobile community-based applications and content, and we have been focusing on developing our Maopao Community, which features applications and content with social network functions.
We have enhanced our mobile community content with a focus on mobile social games. Revenues from mobile social games have grown rapidly
since February 2010, when we launched Fantasy of the Three Kingdoms, our first major top-selling mobile social game, and we continue to increase our offerings of mobile social games to capture user interest. During the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2013, we launched over ten social games, among which Journey to the West, Proud Sword in Shushan, and Conquer OL ranked in the top of our best-selling games. We expect to introduce more new mobile social games over the next year. We
also plan to improve access to the Maopao Community by prioritizing the placement of our community offerings within the Maopao store. Furthermore, we are expanding the use of our unified account management system so that each of our users has a
unique passport on Maopao, which will facilitate users access and use of Maopao Community functions.
As we transition
from the feature phone business to the smartphone business, we do not expect the transition will require additional resources in terms of personnel, server capacity and customer support other than promotional expenses. In addition, we do not expect
promotional costs to materially impact our total operating expenses. We believe that the expansion of community-based content and applications and the development of the Maopao Community will positively impact our liquidity, capital resources and
results of operations. However, we have limited experience in this area and a number of factors could materially adversely affect our expansion plans. See Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors Risks Related to Our
Business and Our Industry As community-based applications and other content offered through Maopao are expected to account for an increasing portion of our future revenues, any adverse developments relating to such content may adversely
affect our results of operations.
We typically determine the prices of applications and content on our Maopao
application store. In addition to paid applications and content, we offer certain applications and content free of charge to generate user interest. We believe our results of operations significantly depend on our ability to balance free offerings
with paid offerings and set appropriate price points to optimize monetization of our user base.
From an industry
perspective, the mobile games sector, which accounts for over 30% of customers total time spent on mobile devices, represents the most popular mobile applications and one of the fastest growing mobile application sectors in China. In order to
enhance our monetization opportunities, we announced a plan to establish a light mobile game platform designed specifically for low-priced devices. The platform provides distribution, billing and data analysis functions for small and mid-sized game
developers and provides for easy downloads of mobile games for low-cost mobile handset users. We believe that the light mobile game platform makes it easy for game developers to develop and promote products and can expand our user base.
66
Our ability to more efficiently collect sales proceeds from mobile service providers and increase the
use of third-party payment channels
We collect a substantial majority of our revenues through mobile service
providers who utilize mobile network operators billing channels to collect sales proceeds from users purchases on the Maopao application store. Billing and transmission failures, such as failures to transmit MR data due to technical
problems with the network or service providers failure to collect all or part of sales proceeds due from network operators, adversely affect collection efficiency. Mobile service providers ability to avoid and address such failures
varies. When users make a purchase from the Maopao application store, we have the flexibility to direct the purchase to the mobile service provider of our choice.
We aim to maximize collection of sales proceeds by using mobile service providers that we believe have better collection performance, shorter payment periods and lower transmission error rates, and
closely monitoring our relationships with mobile service providers to lower collection risk. We share sales proceeds with mobile service providers, who in turn have revenue-sharing arrangements with mobile network operators.
Payment channel cost was the largest component of our cost of revenues in each of the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2013.
In addition, to diversify users payment options, we have introduced our own form of virtual payment, K Currency, which users can purchase through variety of means. Although we have not
historically collected a significant portion of sales proceeds through K Currency, we aim to significantly increase the use of K Currency among our users. We have entered into payment cooperation agreements with six payment processing
agents and are actively promoting the use of third-party payment channels among our users, such as by offering promotional K Currency to users making payment through third-party payment channels.
Because as a percentage of sales amounts, costs charged by payment processing agents are generally lower than costs charged by mobile
service providers, we believe the increasing utilization of third-party payment channels will also help reduce our cost of revenues and can potentially improve our profitability. Furthermore, as currently users can only purchase virtual items in our
social network applications and mobile social games in Maopao Community with K Currency, the percentage of sales proceeds collected from third-party payment channels also depends on the growth of community-based applications and content titles.
We plan to extend the availability of these third-party payment channels to all our users for all applications and content, in the form of a branded billing gateway, which we have named the Easy Mobile Pay System.
Our ability to control costs related to handset companies and content providers
We share sales proceeds with handset companies that pre-install the Maopao application store as well as content providers from whom we
license applications and content. Aggregate amounts paid to handset companies and content providers constituted a significant portion of our total cost of revenues in each of the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2013. Therefore, any change in
our sales proceeds sharing percentage with handset companies and content providers, could significantly affect our results of operations. For some third-party applications or content titles, we make a one-time payment to the content provider for all
of its rights. If such applications or content titles, or applications or content titles developed by our in-house team, become popular with users, we may achieve higher profit margins.
In line with industry practice in the PRC, we share sales proceeds with content providers and handset companies based on user
transaction data provided by mobile service providers, and calculate exact shared amounts based on corresponding content or handset model identification information included in such data. To share such sales proceeds, handset companies need to build
in a specific authorization code we designate to identify handset companies, as well as applications or content titles, when pre-installing the Maopao application store.
Historically, when introducing a new handset model in a short time, handset companies might have pre-installed our application store to enhance handset features without having obtained the authorized
codes from us. In such circumstances, these handsets could still access Maopao, but we would not be able to properly recognize the handset model from which a particular transaction originated and, as a result, we would not be able to share sales
amounts with handset companies for transactions effected through these handsets.
Our track record of sharing sales proceeds
with handset companies and our reputation in the industry has promoted our brand and our capability to generate additional revenue streams for handset companies. As such, an increasing number of handset companies worked with us to pre-install our
authorized codes in each of the past three years. Therefore, during the same period, the percentage of transactions effected through Maopao for which we need to share sales proceeds with handset companies increased, and our cost of revenues
associated with payments to handset companies increased accordingly.
67
Our ability to address challenges associated with policy changes and mobile network operators
business practices
PRC government authorities and mobile network operators may issue or revise rules, policies or
guidelines that may affect our results of operations. For example, in January 2010, China Mobile began to implement new measures under which any party offering mobile applications and content that are embedded in handsets was required to introduce
additional notices and confirmations to users during the purchase of such offerings. In addition, previously a single SMS code could be used for multiple service offerings or partners, while under these measures users may need to send two
confirmation SMSs before a transaction can be effected, which makes it more burdensome for users to purchase applications and content through Maopao. As a result, some users purchase fewer applications and content through Maopao.
In addition, when more SMSs need to be transmitted to effect the same volume of transactions, we may face incremental billing and
transmission failures. Any of these measures may lead to a higher percentage of downloads that fail to result in payments, which would affect our revenues and results of operations. Since September 2010, China Mobile has applied new measures that
require users to send triple confirmation SMSs before a transaction can be effected. When more SMSs need to be transmitted to effect the same volume of transactions, we face more billing and transmission failures.
The foregoing developments have adversely affected our revenues. Partly due to the triple-confirmation-SMS measures adopted by China
Mobile, our revenue growth has been declining since September 2010. If similar or more stringent measures are imposed by the government or mobile network operators, our results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
In addition, since late 2009, the key mobile network operators have increased their monitoring of inappropriate mobile content and
activities through quality control procedures on services provided by all mobile service providers. They unilaterally terminated the services provided by some mobile service providers because these mobile service providers allegedly provided
inappropriate content in violation of regulatory requirements or charged users service fees without their consent. After directing users to make payments through other mobile service providers, we experienced delays associated with such changes,
which resulted in a loss of revenue during the change over period. Furthermore, different mobile service providers have different settlement efficiencies and proceeds sharing ratios. Therefore, as a result of such changes our revenues and costs may
be adversely affected.
Our ability to achieve high operating efficiency
Our operating expenses include research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses and
other operating income, net, mainly consisting of salary and benefits expenses, including share-based compensation charges, professional fees, training expenses, overhead and communication expenses. Our total operating expenses decreased from
RMB189.4 million in fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 to RMB175.6 million (US$28.3 million) in fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, primarily due to our efforts to facilitate our business expansion and incurred more expenses to support
our growth.
As we have become a public company, our operating expenses increased in absolute amount, and we aim to maintain
or enhance our operating efficiency as our business expands.
Description of Certain Statement of Operations Items
Revenues
We
derive all our revenues from our feature phone business. Our revenues amounted to RMB675.3 million, RMB685.6 million and RMB601.1 million (US$96.8 million) in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
68
In the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2013, we derived a substantial majority of
our revenues from sales of mobile applications and other content through our Maopao application store, which we refer to as application store revenues. We collected a majority of our sales proceeds through mobile service providers, who utilize
mobile network operators billing channels pursuant to their agreements with network operators. Our users can purchase our single-user applications and content titles and some social network applications offered in our Maopao application store
through our mobile service providers billing channels. We recognize application store revenue on a gross basis and recognize the commissions retained by the mobile service providers and mobile network operators as cost of revenues in our
consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
We offer our own virtual currency, K Currency, for members of our
Maopao Community to purchase virtual items in our community-based applications, including our mobile social games and social network applications. We refer to such revenues as Maopao Community revenues through K Currency. Users can purchase
K Currency through a number of payment options, including pre-paid phone cards, pre-paid game cards, bank debit cards, wire-transfers and Alipay, and we collect sales amounts through payment processing agents or service providers.
We also record certain fees and commissions we receive as other revenues. For example, certain mobile service providers and one mobile
network operator sell their mobile applications and other content to mobile phone users through Maopao, for which we charge a commission at a percentage of the revenues that the mobile service providers and the mobile network operator receive from
mobile phone users with respect to such applications and content. In addition, we place some of our mobile applications and content, such as some simple card games and mobile music and books we license, on websites or mobile platforms of certain
service providers, and charge a commission when such mobile applications and content are sold. We recognize revenue upon receipt of monthly statements from the mobile service providers.
The following table sets forth application store revenues, Maopao Community revenues through K Currency and other revenues, both in
absolute amount and as a percentage of total revenues, for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except percentage)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application store revenues
|
|
|
598,782
|
|
|
|
88.7
|
|
|
|
546,117
|
|
|
|
70.7
|
|
|
|
381,573
|
|
|
|
61,437
|
|
|
|
63.5
|
|
Maopao Community revenues through K Currency
|
|
|
60,050
|
|
|
|
8.9
|
|
|
|
110,536
|
|
|
|
16.1
|
|
|
|
177,658
|
|
|
|
28,605
|
|
|
|
29.6
|
|
Other revenues
|
|
|
16,462
|
|
|
|
2.4
|
|
|
|
28,910
|
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
|
|
41,876
|
|
|
|
6,742
|
|
|
|
6.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
|
675,294
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
685,563
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
601,107
|
|
|
|
96,784
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, the number of new users added to our Maopao application
store decreased to approximately 222.9 million from approximately 348.3 million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011. The decrease in user activity was primarily due to fewer user visits and downloads as a result of the declining
feature phone market in China. The following table sets forth total user downloads of our single-user applications and content titles offered in our feature phone application store for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
|
(in millions)
|
|
Single-user application and content downloads
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Single-player games
|
|
|
1,351.8
|
|
|
|
1,279.7
|
|
|
|
861.2
|
|
Other single-user applications and content titles
|
|
|
1,860.2
|
|
|
|
1,943.0
|
|
|
|
1,468.2
|
|
69
We expect Maopao Community revenues through K Currency to increase in the foreseeable
future due to our efforts to improve average revenue per user on our social games, despite a decrease in the number of active members and log-ins. We are developing our Maopao Community, growing our active mobile community member base, and
increasing the use of K Currency among our users. The following table sets forth our selected quarterly Maopao Community operating data for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Three Month Period Ended
|
|
|
|
June 30,
2012
|
|
|
September 30,
2012
|
|
|
December 31,
2012
|
|
|
March 31,
2013
|
|
|
|
(in millions)
|
|
Number of active members
|
|
|
15.9
|
|
|
|
15.0
|
|
|
|
13.0
|
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
Number of member log-ins
|
|
|
810.3
|
|
|
|
778.4
|
|
|
|
726.2
|
|
|
|
608.2
|
|
Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin
Our cost of revenues consists primarily of costs associated with payments to industry participants and direct costs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except percentage)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs associated with payments to industry participants
|
|
|
425,514
|
|
|
|
91.5
|
|
|
|
429,385
|
|
|
|
91.2
|
|
|
|
375,987
|
|
|
|
60,538
|
|
|
|
89.8
|
|
Direct costs
|
|
|
39,323
|
|
|
|
8.5
|
|
|
|
41,640
|
|
|
|
8.8
|
|
|
|
42,793
|
|
|
|
6,890
|
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenues
|
|
|
464,837
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
471,025
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
418,780
|
|
|
|
67,428
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs associated with payments to industry participants represent consideration paid to (i) mobile
service providers for collecting application store revenues; (ii) handset companies for pre-installing Maopao onto their handsets before shipment; and (iii) content providers for licensing applications and content that we provide on our
Maopao application store.
As consideration for using their payment channels, we generally share with mobile service
providers a percentage of our sales proceeds collected through them. Our cooperation agreements with mobile service providers usually contain provisions relating to proceeds sharing ratios, processing fee ratios and billing rates of mobile network
operators. We usually settle our balances with mobile service providers every month. Revenues generated through our top three mobile service providers, the operating companies of Rock.com, Union Mobile Pay and Phoenix New Media, contributed
approximately 7%, 6% and 5%, respectively, of our total revenues for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013. Our contracts with mobile service providers are usually for a one or two years terms. Our contracts with the operating companies of
Rock.com, Union Mobile Pay and Phoenix New Media will expire in Jun 2014, September 2014, and August 2014, respectively, and we expect to renew the contracts with these three companies on the same or similar terms.
We have a strategic cooperative relationship with China Mobile, the largest mobile network operator in China. In fiscal 2013, China
Mobile granted us access to their fee collection codes, which enable us to collect proceeds without having to use service providers as intermediaries. We will try to maximize our cooperation with China Mobile directly, as long as the data volume
resources granted by China Mobile are not exceeded, to benefit from lower channel costs and faster collection of the proceeds.
We generally pay handset companies a percentage of the sales proceeds we receive from payment channels that are generated from their
handsets. To share such sales proceeds, handset companies need to build in a specific authorization code we designate for each handset when pre-installing Maopao.
We typically pay content providers a percentage of the sales proceeds we receive from payment channels derived from their content. For certain applications and content titles, we make a small one-time
payment to the content provider to acquire all associated rights, which we include in our cost of revenues at the time of such acquisition. We do not capitalize and amortize such payments over the life of the application or content title because
such applications and content titles usually have short life cycles and the acquisition cost for each application or content title is relatively low.
70
Direct costs include primarily fees we pay for outsourcing design-related work for
pre-installing our Maopao application store on handsets, salaries and benefits for Maopao application store operation employees, utilities, depreciation of equipment and office expenses directly related to the operation of Maopao. Following our
purchase of additional servers and other computer equipment used to operate the Maopao application store in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the amount of depreciation relating to such equipment increased our direct costs.
Direct costs increased primarily as a result of the increase in headcount and promotion activities for the operation of some Maopao social games, such as our Chinese Poker Game.
Approximately RMB8.3 million and RMB27.3 million accrued costs payable for content and handset software design were reversed into cost
of sales upon the expiration of the statute of limitations in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and 2012, respectively. Such accrued costs originated from the incomplete data provided by mobile network operators prior to March 2010. Due to
the incompleteness of the data, we were unable to identify the content sources or handset models for the relevant transactions. We did not have such a reversal in fiscal year ended March 31, 2013.
Our gross margins were 31.2%, 31.3% and 30.3% in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Our gross
margin slightly decreased mainly due to the reversal of the above mentioned accrued cost in fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and 2012, which was partially offset by our direct cooperation with mobile operators.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses consist of research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses, general and administration expenses and other operating income. The following table sets forth a
breakdown of our operating expenses in absolute amount and as a percentage of our total operating expenses for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except percentage)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses
|
|
|
52,260
|
|
|
|
27.6
|
|
|
|
71,088
|
|
|
|
37.7
|
|
|
|
73,027
|
|
|
|
11,758
|
|
|
|
41.6
|
|
Sales and marketing expenses
|
|
|
38,200
|
|
|
|
20.2
|
|
|
|
37,361
|
|
|
|
19.8
|
|
|
|
35,369
|
|
|
|
5,695
|
|
|
|
20.1
|
|
General and administration expenses
|
|
|
98,938
|
|
|
|
52.2
|
|
|
|
83,996
|
|
|
|
44.5
|
|
|
|
69,491
|
|
|
|
11,189
|
|
|
|
39.6
|
|
Other operating income, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,675
|
)
|
|
|
(2.0
|
)
|
|
|
(2,320
|
)
|
|
|
(374
|
)
|
|
|
(1.3
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
189,398
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
188,770
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
175,567
|
|
|
|
28,268
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses
Our research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits for personnel engaged in the research and development of
Maopao, mobile applications and content and communication fees we paid for testing our research and development work. Our share-based compensation charges allocated under research and development expenses amounted to approximately
RMB9.5 million, RMB8.5 million and RMB5.9 million (US$0.9 million) in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Research and development expenses accounted for 7.7%, 10.4% and 12.1% of our total revenues
in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
Our research and development expenses have been
increasing in recent years primarily because we hired additional engineers and researchers and increased the fees we paid for outsourcing research and development work. We expect that our research and development expenses will decrease in the future
as we reduce resources allocated to the feature phone group.
71
Sales and marketing expenses
Our sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of salaries and benefits for our sales and marketing staff, training expenses for our
sales team, traveling, entertainment and sales office related expenses and market survey fees. Our share-based compensation charges allocated under sales and marketing expenses amounted to approximately RMB4.7 million, RMB3.6 million and RMB2.1
million (US$0.3 million) in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Sales and marketing expenses accounted for 5.7%, 5.4% and 5.9% of our total revenues in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013,
respectively.
Our sales and marketing expenses in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 slightly decreased in absolute
amount compared to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012, primarily due to our efforts to enhance labor efficiency from reduced headcount. We expect that our sales and marketing expenses will increase as we promote our Maopao brand name and
devote efforts to expand the handset installation base of our smartphone Application Store in the smartphone market.
General and administration expenses
Our general and administration expenses primarily consist of salaries and benefits for our general and administration, finance and human resources personnel, training expenses, depreciation and
amortization expenses, office rentals, professional service fees and other expenses incurred for general corporate purposes. Our share-based compensation charges allocated under general and administration expenses amounted to RMB33.4 million,
RMB30.7 million and RMB14.0 million (US$2.3 million) in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. General and administration expenses accounted for approximately 14.7%, 12.3% and 11.6% of our total revenues in the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
Our general and administration expenses in the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2013 decreased compared to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012, primarily due to lower management bonuses and our efforts to enhance labor efficiency. We expect to incur increased general and administration expenses
due to our status as a publicly traded company, including expenses related to maintaining our internal control over financial reporting and complying with our reporting obligations. We also expect to incur additional expenses t when we expand our
business.
Other operating income, net
Our other operating income in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 was RMB2.3 million (US$0.4 million), and primarily related to local government grants of RMB2.9 million (US$0.5 million) for certain
research and development projects. Other operating income in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 primarily included a RMB2.1 million government subsidy and gains on disposal of a subsidiary of RMB1.9 million.
Other Gains and Losses
We had other gains of RMB11.2 million, RMB11.6 million and RMB15.5 million (US$2.5 million) in fiscal 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively The other gains in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 were
primarily related to an exchange gain of RMB7.9 million and interest income of RMB2.7 million. The other gains in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 were primarily related to interest income of RMB12.1 million and a one-off government grant
of RMB2.3 million for our successful public offering in December 2010, partially offset by an exchange loss of RMB3.3 million. The other gains in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 were primarily related to interest income of RMB16.2 million
(US$2.6 million), partially offset by an exchange loss of RMB0.4 million (US$0.1 million).
72
Impairment on Investment in an Associate
We recognized a RMB5.8 million impairment of our investment in Hangzhou Guanzhun Technologies Co., Ltd., or Guanzhun, during the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2011, and a RMB1.4 million impairment of our investment in Beijing DigiMobi Studio Co., Ltd., or DigiMobi, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, due to the continuing poor business performance and the negative
discounted cash flow forecasts of the investees.
Finance Costs
We incurred finance costs of RMB4.3 million in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011. The finance cost was related to distributions
payable to our Series A convertible redeemable preferred shares. We did not incur finance costs in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 and 2013.
Share of Results of Associates
We had thirteen associates that are
non-listed companies primarily engaged in wireless technology development and related applications in the PRC as of March 31, 2013. The results, assets and liabilities of these associates are incorporated in our consolidated financial
statements using the equity method of accounting.
Share-based Compensation
In March 2010, we adopted our 2010 Share Incentive Plan, or the 2010 Plan. The maximum number of shares that may be issued under the
2010 Plan is 15,000,000 shares. As of March 31, 2013, the aggregate number of common shares underlying our outstanding options under the 2010 Plan was 6,687,435 shares. The option holders are not entitled to dividends nor do they have
voting rights.
On April 1, 2010, we granted 1,443,600 share options to our employees. On September 15, 2010,
we granted an aggregate of 3,320,400 share options with exercise prices of US$0.26 per share to executive officers and other employees. On January 6, 2011, we granted an aggregate of 100,000 share options with exercise prices of
US$1.00 per share to executive officers and other employees. On January 9, 2011, we granted an aggregate of 100,000 share options with exercise prices of US$1.00 per share to executive officers and other employees.
On August 2, 2007, we entered into a Share Vesting Agreement with Xplane Ltd. and each of the then individual shareholders of
Xplane Ltd. Pursuant to this agreement, of the 150,000,000 common shares owned by Xplane Ltd., we have the right to repurchase 75,000,000 restricted shares, at their par value of US$0.00005 per share, from Xplane Ltd. in the event of the
voluntary or involuntary termination of the individual shareholders employment with us. These restricted shares shall be released from the restriction over thirty-six months, with one thirty-sixth (1/36) of the restricted shares being
released from the restriction at the end of each calendar month. The holders of the restricted shares retain voting and dividend rights but are restricted from selling such non-vested restricted shares. This arrangement has been accounted for as a
reverse share split followed by the grant of a restricted share award under a performance-based plan because each of the individual shareholders of Xplane Ltd. is also our employee. This has resulted in total compensation cost of approximately
RMB16.4 million amortized on a graded basis over the restricted shares vesting period of 36 months.
On
April 1, 2010, Xplane Ltd. issued 493,400 of its restricted shares to its shareholders who are also our employees. Of these 493,400 shares, 40% vest on the second anniversary of the grant date and 20% vest on the third, fourth, and fifth
anniversaries of the grant date. We measured the fair value of these restricted shares based on the fair value of our shares, as Xplane Ltd. has no other assets except for its investment in us. The fair value of such restricted shares as of
April 1, 2010 was RMB126 (US$19) per share. We recognize the total amount of approximately RMB62.4 million as compensation expense over the five-year deemed service, or vesting, period with a corresponding increase in reserve in the statement
of changes in equity.
On March 7, 2012, we issued 4,038,176 of our restricted shares to our employees. At the same
time, Xplane Ltd. granted 3,340,400 of our restricted shares to employees of our company. The holders of these shares retain the voting and dividends rights of, but are restricted from selling, such non-vested restricted shares. The 7,378,576 shares
vest 25% on each anniversary of the grant date. We measured the fair value of the restricted shares based on the open market quote of our shares, which was RMB2.88 (US$0.46). We recognize the total amount of approximately RMB21.3 million as
compensation expense over the four-year deemed service, or vesting, period with a corresponding increase in reserve in the statement of changes in equity.
73
In the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, we had share-based
compensation charges of RMB50.3 million, RMB45.7 million and RMB24.5 million (US$3.9 million), respectively. The allocation of the share-based compensation charges recognized during these three fiscal years was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
2,656
|
|
|
|
2,939
|
|
|
|
2,473
|
|
|
|
398
|
|
Research and development expense
|
|
|
9,528
|
|
|
|
8,536
|
|
|
|
5,900
|
|
|
|
950
|
|
Sales and marketing administration expenses
|
|
|
4,737
|
|
|
|
3,552
|
|
|
|
2,067
|
|
|
|
333
|
|
General and administration expenses
|
|
|
33,369
|
|
|
|
30,656
|
|
|
|
14,017
|
|
|
|
2,257
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
50,290
|
|
|
|
45,683
|
|
|
|
24,457
|
|
|
|
3,938
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Taxation
Cayman Islands
We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands. Under Cayman Islands law, we are not subject to income or capital gains tax. In addition,
payment of dividends by us to our shareholders is not subject to withholding tax in the Cayman Islands.
China
PRC Enterprise Income Tax, or EIT
Prior to January 1, 2008, companies established in China were generally subject to a state tax and local EIT at statutory rates of 30% and 3% respectively. Our SPE, Hangzhou Sky, was established in
2005 and qualified as a software enterprise in 2007. Under PRC tax laws and regulations, an enterprise qualified as a software enterprise was entitled to an exemption from EIT for its first two profitable years and a 50%
reduction of its applicable EIT rate for the subsequent three years. Hangzhou Sky was thus entitled to a full exemption from the EIT in 2008 and 2009 and a 50% reduced EIT rate from 2010 to 2012.
On March 16, 2007, the National Peoples Congress of China enacted a new enterprise income tax law, or the PRC Enterprise
Income Tax Law, which took effect beginning January 1, 2008. On December 6, 2007, the State Council also adopted the Implementing Rules for the Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the Implementing Rules, which also took effect beginning
January 1, 2008. Under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, foreign invested enterprises, or FIEs, and Chinese domestic companies are subject to EIT at a uniform rate of 25%. Our PRC subsidiaries and SPEs other than Hangzhou Sky and Mijia are
currently subject to the EIT rate of 25%.
Preferential tax treatments will continue to be granted to entities that are
classified as high and new technology enterprises strongly supported by the State or that conduct business in encouraged sectors, whether FIEs or domestic companies. On February 22, 2008, the Ministry of Finance and SAT promulgated
the Notice on Several Preferential Policies in Respect of Enterprise Income Tax, or Notice No. 1, reiterating the policy that a software enterprise newly established within China may, upon determination, be exempted from income taxes for its
first two profit-making years and shall be subject to the income tax at half the standard rate for the next three years.
On
April 24, 2009, the Ministry of Finance and SAT promulgated the Notice on Several Issues Relevant to the Implementation of the Preferential Policies on Enterprise Income Tax, which states that software enterprises and integrated circuit
production enterprises established prior to the end of 2007 may, upon certification, enjoy the preferential policies on the EIT reductions and exemptions within specified periods as provided in Notice No. 1. Therefore, as a software
enterprise, Hangzhou Sky was entitled to an exemption from the EIT in 2008 and 2009 and a 50% reduced EIT rate from 2010 to 2012. The reduced applicable EIT rate for Hangzhou Sky from 2010 to 2012 was 12.5%. In addition, Hangzhou Sky qualified
as a high and new technology enterprise in 2008 and its qualification was reviewed and approved in 2011, which entitles it to a 15% preferential EIT rate from 2012 to 2014.
74
After Hangzhou Skys qualification as a software enterprise expired at the
end of 2012, it became entitled to the 15% preferential tax treatment as long as it continues to qualify as a high and new technology enterprise. In addition, Mijia, as a software enterprise, was entitled to a full exemption
from EIT in 2010 and 2011 and is entitled to a 50% reduced EIT rate from 2012 to 2014. The reduced applicable EIT rate for Mijia from 2012 to 2014 is 12.5%.
However, continued qualification as a high and new technology enterprise is subject to a review every three years by the relevant government authorities in China, and continued qualification
as a software enterprise is subject to an annual assessment by the relevant government authorities in China. Consequently, Hangzhou Sky or Mijia may not meet the qualifications and the relevant government authorities may revoke Hangzhou
Skys high and new technology enterprise or Mijias software enterprise status in the future. Any increase in Hangzhou Sky or Mijias EIT rate may materially adversely affect our results of operations.
In addition, under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law and the Implementing Rules, dividends generated from the business of
our PRC subsidiaries after January 1, 2008 and payable to us may be subject to a withholding tax of 10% as we are a non-resident enterprise incorporated outside of the PRC and the Cayman Islands does not have a tax treaty with China that
provides for a different withholding arrangement. Distributions of earnings generated before January 1, 2008 are exempt from PRC withholding tax.
The PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law provides that enterprises established outside China whose effective management is located in China are considered resident enterprises and will
generally be subject to the uniform 25% EIT rate on their global income. Under the implementation regulations, effective management is defined as substantial and overall management and control over such aspects as the production and
business, personnel, accounts and properties of an enterprise. We may be deemed to be a PRC resident enterprise under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law and we may be subject to PRC enterprise income tax at the rate of 25% on our worldwide income.
See Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors Risks Related to Doing Business in China We may be classified as a resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, which could result in our
global income becoming subject to 25% PRC enterprise income tax.
PRC Business Tax
According to the Notice on Implementing the Pilot Program for Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax in the Transportation Industry
and Some Modern Service Industries in Shanghai, or the Shanghai Implementing Measures, promulgated by the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on November 16, 2011, which became effective on January 1, 2012,
entities and individuals that provide transportation services and some modern services within the territory of Shanghai shall pay value-added tax, or VAT, instead of the business tax. Taxable services refer to land transportation services, water
transportation services, air transport services, pipeline transportation services, research and development and technical services, information technology services, cultural and creative services, logistics support services, tangible personal
property lease services and consulting services.
Pursuant to relevant tax rules, a 3% business tax rate is applicable to
each of Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia and Tianchu with respect to its business of value-added telecommunications services that fall under the definition of value-added telecommunications services under the Catalog for
Classifications of Telecommunications Business.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We prepare our financial statements in conformity with IFRS, which requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions. We regularly
evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, our own historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Since the use of estimates is an
integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from our expectations as a result of changes in our estimates.
75
An accounting policy is considered critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be
made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time such estimate is made, and if different accounting estimates that reasonably could have been used, or changes in the accounting estimates that are reasonably likely to
occur periodically, could materially impact the consolidated financial statements.
We believe that the following accounting
policies involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity in their applications and require us to make significant accounting estimates. The following descriptions of critical accounting policies, judgments and estimates should be read in
conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and other disclosures included in this annual report.
Revenue Recognition
Application Store Revenues
We recognize revenue when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to us, revenue can be measured reliably and collectability is reasonably assured.
We generate revenue principally from the sale of a wide range of mobile applications and content, such as single-player games, mobile
music and books, mobile social games, social network functions and other content, to mobile handset users. Customers can download and purchase mobile applications and content from our application store, Maopao platform. The mobile application store
is a platform that allows users of mobile phones to browse and download applications and content. We have cooperation agreements with handset companies to pre-install the Maopao platform on mobile handsets before they reach users.
The applications and content are predominantly delivered to customers through mobile network operators in China. We contract with mobile
service providers, who further contract with and utilize mobile network operators billing channels, to collect payment from our customers on our behalf. In the year ended March 31, 2013, we started to contract directly with a mobile
network operator in China. Mobile service providers and mobile network operators, through the mobile service providers, are entitled to commissions, which are a percentage of the gross fees collected from our customers by the mobile network
operators.
For application store revenues from the sale of applications and content, we recognize revenue on a gross basis
at the time each application or content is successfully downloaded and collectability is reasonably assured. We recognize the commissions retained by mobile service providers and mobile network operators as a cost of revenues in our consolidated
statements of comprehensive income.
Users purchase in-game virtual premium items in certain single-player games. As the
virtual items are immediately consumed, we recognize revenue upon consumption.
Maopao Community Revenues through K
Currency
We offer our own virtual currency, or K Currency, to members of Maopao Community to purchase in-game
virtual items in our community-based applications, including mobile social games and social network applications. Such revenues are called Maopao Community revenues through K Currency.
As an alternative to utilizing mobile service providers, we also contract with independent payment processing agents to process prepaid
cards or online payment solutions into customer accounts. Customer accounts are charged up with cash credit, which may be converted into K Currency. The majority of Maopao Community revenues are collected through K Currency. The payment
processing agents are entitled to a commission for processing customer prepayments.
Maopao Community revenues through K
Currency are derived from the purchase of in-game virtual items having an unlimited life. Such revenues are initially deferred and are subsequently recognized following the historical user retention pattern over the estimated consumption period of
the durable virtual items, ranging from one to twelve months. The user retention pattern and consumption period are estimated based on the historical data and log-in patterns of paying users, including the average period paying users typically stay
active in the Maopao Community. We assess these estimates at the end of every reporting period.
76
Other Revenues
We allow mobile service providers and one mobile network operator to sell their mobile applications to mobile users through our Maopao
platform. We charge the mobile service provider and the mobile network operator a commission based on a percentage of the revenue earned. We recognize revenue upon receipt of monthly statements from the mobile service providers and the mobile
network operator.
We also generate application store revenues from overseas countries through local mobile service
providers. We recognize such revenues upon receipt of acknowledgement of successful downloads from these local mobile service providers.
Share-Based Compensation
We recognize share-based compensation in our statement of comprehensive income based on the fair value of equity awards on the date of the grant, with compensation expense recognized over the period in
which the recipient is required to provide service to us in exchange for the equity award.
Since our ADSs were listed on the
NASDAQ Global Market in December 2010, we have determined the estimated fair value of our ordinary shares underlying the options based on the closing trading price of our ADSs as of the option grant date.
We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the estimated fair value of share options and restricted shares. Determining
the value of our share based compensation expense in future periods will require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including our expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee share option
exercise behaviors, the risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. Our share-based compensation charges may change based on changes to these estimates.
We also periodically review the estimate of forfeiture rates, which may also affect the expenses recognized in profit or loss.
Taxation
We estimate income tax expense for each jurisdiction in
which we operate and for each period presented, which includes estimating current tax exposure as well as assessing realizable deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities.
As of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, our deferred tax assets were RMB6.7 million, RMB2.2 million and RMB1.8 million
(US$0.3 million), respectively, primarily resulting from temporary differences between accounting and tax bases. We recognize deferred income taxes for temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported
amounts in the consolidated financial statements, as net operating loss carry forwards and credits, by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years. In the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred
tax assets in the future in excess of their recorded amount, an adjustment to the carrying amount of our deferred tax assets would increase our net income in the period in which such determination was made. Likewise, if we determined that we would
not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the carrying amount of our deferred tax assets would be charged to our consolidated statements of comprehensive income in the period in which such
determination is made.
We consider positive and negative evidence to determine whether some portion or all of the deferred
tax assets will more likely than not be realized. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of recent losses, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, our experience
with tax attributes expiring unused and tax planning alternatives. Our ability to realize deferred tax assets depends on our ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryforward periods provided for in the tax law. As of
March 31, 2013, no deferred tax assets had been recognized in respect of tax losses of RMB37.0 million (US$6.0 million).
Impairment of investments in associates
We assess the impairment of our equity investments accounted for under the equity method by considering factors including, but not limited to, current economic and market conditions, the operating
performance of the companies, including current earnings trends and undiscounted cash flows, and other company-specific information, such as recent financing rounds. The fair value determination, particularly for investments in privately held
companies whose revenue models remain unclear, requires significant judgment to determine appropriate estimates and assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could affect the calculation of the fair value of the investments. If any
impairment exists, we will write down the investment to its fair value and take a corresponding charge to our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). Any reversal of impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the recoverable
amount of the investment subsequently increases.
77
Consolidation of special purpose entities (SPEs)
PRC laws restrict foreign ownership of telecommunication businesses. To comply with the PRC laws, we conduct substantially all of our
telecommunication business through Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu and Hangzhou Investment, our SPEs, and their subsidiaries. Through two of our subsidiaries in the PRC, we have entered into contractual arrangements with
Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu and Hangzhou Investment and their shareholders, such that Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu and Hangzhou Investment are considered special purpose entities that we
control. We believe we have substantive termination rights pursuant to the purchase option agreements, which allow us to control the shareholders of these special purpose entities. We believe that the purchase option agreements are currently
exercisable and legally enforceable under PRC law.
We also believe that the amount of consideration to exercise the option
under PRC law does not represent a financial barrier or disincentive for us to exercise our rights under the purchase option agreements. Under our shareholder voting right proxy agreements with the SPEs and their shareholders, each of the
shareholders of the variable interest entities irrevocably grants any person designated by us the power to exercise all voting rights of the shareholders of the SPEs. We believe this gives us the power to direct the activities that most
significantly impact the SPEs economic performance. We believe that our ability to exercise effective control, together with the exclusive business cooperation agreements or service agreements and equity pledge agreements, give us the right to
receive substantially all of the economic benefits from the SPEs in consideration for the services provided by our subsidiaries in China. Accordingly, in accordance with IFRS, we consolidate their financial results and assets and liabilities in our
consolidated financial statements.
We believe that our contractual arrangements with the SPEs could limit our ability to
enforce these contractual arrangements and the interests of the shareholders of the SPEs may diverge from those of our company. This may potentially increase the risk that they would seek to act contrary to the contractual terms of these agreements,
for example by influencing the SPEs not to pay the service fees when required to do so. Risks Relating to Doing Business in China Our Contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu, Hangzhou Investment
and their respective shareholders may not be as effective in providing control over Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu and Hangzhou Investment as direct ownership of these companies.
78
Consolidated Results of Operations
The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations by amount and as a percentage of our total revenues
for the periods indicated. This information should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this annual report. The operating results in any period are not necessarily indicative of
the results that may be expected for any future period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except number of shares and per share data)
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
|
675,294
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
685,563
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
601,107
|
|
|
|
96,784
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
Cost of revenues from third parties
|
|
|
(461,422
|
)
|
|
|
(68.3
|
)
|
|
|
(465,479
|
)
|
|
|
(67.9
|
)
|
|
|
(412,246
|
)
|
|
|
(66,376
|
)
|
|
|
(68.6
|
)
|
Cost of revenues from related parties
|
|
|
(3,415
|
)
|
|
|
(0.5
|
)
|
|
|
(5,546
|
)
|
|
|
(0.8
|
)
|
|
|
(6,534
|
)
|
|
|
(1,052
|
)
|
|
|
(1.1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
210,457
|
|
|
|
31.2
|
|
|
|
214,538
|
|
|
|
31.3
|
|
|
|
182,327
|
|
|
|
29,356
|
|
|
|
30.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses
|
|
|
(52,260
|
)
|
|
|
(7.7
|
)
|
|
|
(71,088
|
)
|
|
|
(10.4
|
)
|
|
|
(73,027
|
)
|
|
|
(11,758
|
)
|
|
|
(12.1
|
)
|
Sales and marketing expenses
|
|
|
(38,200
|
)
|
|
|
(5.7
|
)
|
|
|
(37,361
|
)
|
|
|
(5.4
|
)
|
|
|
(35,369
|
)
|
|
|
(5,695
|
)
|
|
|
(5.9
|
)
|
General and administration expenses
|
|
|
(98,938
|
)
|
|
|
(14.7
|
)
|
|
|
(83,996
|
)
|
|
|
(12.3
|
)
|
|
|
(69,491
|
)
|
|
|
(11,189
|
)
|
|
|
(11.6
|
)
|
Other operating income, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,675
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
2,320
|
|
|
|
374
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit from operations
|
|
|
21,059
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
|
25,768
|
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
|
|
6,760
|
|
|
|
1,088
|
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
Other gains and losses
|
|
|
11,179
|
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
|
|
11,649
|
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
|
|
15,531
|
|
|
|
2,502
|
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
Impairment of investment in an associate
|
|
|
(5,760
|
)
|
|
|
(0.9
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,367
|
)
|
|
|
(221
|
)
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
Finance costs
|
|
|
(4,333
|
)
|
|
|
(0.6
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share of results of associates
|
|
|
(6,012
|
)
|
|
|
(0.9
|
)
|
|
|
(886
|
)
|
|
|
(0.1
|
)
|
|
|
(935
|
)
|
|
|
(151
|
)
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
Gain on changes in fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
106,684
|
|
|
|
15.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on changes in fair value of warrants
|
|
|
7,377
|
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit before tax
|
|
|
130,194
|
|
|
|
19.3
|
|
|
|
36,531
|
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
|
|
19,989
|
|
|
|
3,218
|
|
|
|
3.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax benefit (expense)
|
|
|
5,367
|
|
|
|
0.8
|
|
|
|
(3,602
|
)
|
|
|
(0.5
|
)
|
|
|
(2,733
|
)
|
|
|
(440
|
)
|
|
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit for the year
|
|
|
135,561
|
|
|
|
20.1
|
|
|
|
32,929
|
|
|
|
4.8
|
|
|
|
17,256
|
|
|
|
2,778
|
|
|
|
2.9
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
March 31, 2013 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2012
Revenues.
Revenues decreased by 12.3%,
or RMB84.5 million, to RMB601.1 million (US$96.8 million) in fiscal 2013 from RMB685.6 million in fiscal 2012, primarily due to a decrease in application store revenues.
Application store revenues decreased by 30.1%, or RMB164.5 million, from RMB546.1 million in fiscal 2012 to RMB381.6 million (US$61.4 million) in fiscal 2013, primarily due to fewer user visits and
downloads as a result of the anticipated ongoing decline in the feature phone market. Our cumulative number of users from January 1, 2007 increased from 655 million as of March 31, 2011 to 1.2 billion as of March 31, 2013.
Average revenue per download in feature phone application store increased due to improved content installations. See Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations Our ability to address challenges associated with policy
changes and mobile network operators business practices. The price we typically charged for our application and content offerings did not change between these two periods. However, we introduced more packages of applications and content
that users were able to download for a flat fee.
79
Our Maopao Community revenues through K Currency increased by 60.7%, or RMB67.1
million, from RMB110.5 million in fiscal 2012 to RMB177.7 million (US$28.6 million) in fiscal 2013, primarily due to the increased spending per active member resulting from our two most popular mobile social games, Fantasy of Three
Kingdoms and Fairy Magic World, despite a decrease in the number of active members and log-ins. We expect that our Maopao Community revenues through K Currency will contribute an increasing percentage of total revenues in
future quarters as we focus on growing our active mobile community member base and diversifying revenue collection methods away from the traditional carrier-based payment channels. The Maopao Community offers mobile social games and other social
network applications enabling user interaction.
Other revenues increased by 44.8%, or RMB13.0 million, from RMB28.9 million
in fiscal 2012 to RMB41.9 million (US$6.7 million) in fiscal 2013, primarily because of our strengthened efforts in developing our promotional services on the Maopao Platform as well as the growth of our application store and related services
outside of China.
Cost of Revenues.
Cost of revenues decreased by 11.1%, or RMB52.2 million, to RMB418.8 million
(US$67.4 million) in fiscal 2013 from RMB471.0 million in fiscal 2012, primarily due to reduced channel costs, which were in line with the decline in revenues.
Gross Profit.
As a result of the foregoing, gross profit decreased by 15.0%, or RMB32.2 million, to RMB182.3 million (US$29.4 million) in fiscal 2013 from RMB214.5 million in fiscal 2012.
Our gross margin was 30.3% in fiscal 2013, compared to 31.3% in fiscal 2012, primarily due to RMB27.3 million accrued costs payable for content and handset software design being reversed into cost of sales upon the expiration of the statute of
limitations in fiscal years ended March 31, 2012, partially offset by our direct cooperation with mobile operators.
Operating Expenses.
Operating expenses decreased by 7.0%, or RMB13.2 million, to RMB175.6 million (US$28.3 million) in fiscal
2013 from RMB188.8 million in fiscal 2012. The decrease in our operating expenses was primarily due to the decrease in headcount.
|
|
|
Sales and marketing expenses decreased by 5.3%, or RMB2.0 million, to RMB35.4 million (US$5.7 million) in fiscal 2013 from RMB37.4 million in
fiscal 2012, primarily due to our efforts to enhance labor efficiency. Our sales and marketing employees increased to 111 as of March 31, 2013 from 80 as of March 31, 2012. In fiscal 2013, we allocated RMB2.1 million (US$0.3 million) in
share-based compensation under sales and marketing expenses, which decreased by RMB1.5 million from RMB3.6 million in fiscal 2012.
|
|
|
|
General and administration expenses decreased by 17.3%, or RMB14.5 million, to RMB69.5 million (US$11.2 million) in fiscal 2013 from
RMB84.0 million in fiscal 2012, primarily due to lower management bonuses and our efforts to enhance labor efficiency. In fiscal 2013, we allocated RMB14.0 million (US$2.3 million) in share-based compensation under general and administration
expenses, which decreased by RMB16.7 million from RMB30.7 million in fiscal 2013.
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses increased by 2.7%, or RMB1.9 million, to RMB73.0 million (US$11.8 million) in fiscal 2012 from
RMB71.1 million in fiscal 2012, primarily due to more resources devoted to research and development of our smartphone business. Our research and development staff decreased to 218 as of March 31, 2013 from 239 as of March 31, 2012. In
fiscal 2013, we allocated RMB5.9 million (US$1.0 million) in share-based compensation under research and development expenses, which decreased by RMB2.6 million from RMB8.5 million in fiscal 2012.
|
Profit from Operations.
As a result of the foregoing, profit from operations decreased by 73.8%, or RMB19.0 million, to
RMB6.8 million (US$1.1 million) in fiscal 2013 from RMB25.8 million in fiscal 2012.
Other Gains and Losses.
We had
other gains of RMB15.5 million (US$2.5 million) in fiscal 2013, compared to other gains of RMB11.6 million in fiscal 2012. The other gains in fiscal 2013 were primarily related to interest income of RMB16.2 million (US$2.6 million), partially
offset by an exchange loss of RMB0.4 million (US$0.1 million). The other gains in fiscal 2012 primarily related to interest income of RMB12.1 million and a government grant of RMB2.3 million for our successful public offering in December 2010,
partially offset by an exchange loss of RMB3.3 million.
80
Impairment of investment in an associate.
Impairment of investment in an associate
in fiscal 2011 primarily related to our investment in Guanzhun, due to its continuing poor business performance and negative discounted cash flow forecast. Impairment of investment in an associate in fiscal 2013 primarily related to our investment
in DigiMobi, due to its poor business performance and negative discounted cash flow forecast. We did not incur such impairment for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.
Finance Costs.
Finance costs were RMB4.3 million in fiscal 2011 due to distributions payable to our preferred shareholders. We did not incur finance costs for the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2012 and 2013.
Share of Results of Associates.
Our share of results of associates amounted to RMB0.9
million (US$ 0.2 million) in fiscal 2013 and RMB0.9 million in fiscal 2012 and related to thirteen and four of our associates, respectively, that are non-listed companies primarily engaged in wireless technology development and related
applications in the PRC.
Profit before Tax.
As a result of the foregoing, we had profit before tax of RMB20.0 million
(US$3.2 million) in fiscal 2013. We had profit before tax of RMB36.5 million in fiscal 2012.
Income Tax Benefit
(Expense).
We had an income tax expense of RMB2.7 million (US$0.4 million) in fiscal 2013, compared to an income tax expense of RMB3.6 million in fiscal 2012.
Profit for the Year.
As a result of the foregoing, profit for the fiscal year 2013 was RMB17.3 million (US$2.8 million), compared to a profit of RMB32.9 million in fiscal 2012.
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2012 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2011
Revenues.
Revenues increased by 1.5%, or RMB10.3 million, to RMB685.6 million (US$108.9 million) in fiscal 2012 from
RMB675.3 million in fiscal 2011, primarily due to an increase in our Maopao Community revenues through K Currency.
Application store revenues decreased by 8.8%, or RMB52.7 million, from RMB598.8 million in fiscal 2011 to RMB546.1 million (US$86.7
million) in fiscal 2012, primarily due to a decrease in application store user activities and a deceleration of growth in downloads as a result of the shrinking feature phone market in China. Our cumulative number of users from January 1, 2007
increased from 655 million as of March 31, 2011 to 977 million as of March 31, 2012. Average revenue per download decreased due to the introduction of new measures by China Mobile and other mobile network operators that adversely
affected the number of downloads from which we can recognize revenues. See Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations Our ability to address challenges associated with policy changes and mobile network operators
business practices. The price we typically charged for our application and content offerings did not change between these two periods. However, we introduced more packages of applications and content that users were able to download for a flat
fee.
Our Maopao Community revenues through K Currency increased by 84.1%, or RMB50.5 million, from RMB60.1 million
in fiscal 2011 to RMB110.5 million (US$17.6 million) in fiscal 2012, primarily due to rapid growth in the number of active members and the increased spending per active member resulting from our two most popular mobile social games, Fantasy of
Three Kingdoms and Fairy Magic World. We expect that our Maopao Community revenues through K Currency will contribute an increasing percentage of total revenues in future quarters as we focus on growing our active mobile
community member base and diversifying revenue collection methods away from traditional carrier-based payment channels. The Maopao Community offers mobile social games and other social network applications enabling user interaction.
Other revenues increased by 75.6%, or RMB12.4 million, from RMB16.5 million in fiscal 2011 to RMB28.9 million (US$4.6 million) in
fiscal 2012, primarily because of an increase in our promotion revenues as a result of our cooperation with China Mobiles reading platform.
Cost of Revenues.
Cost of revenues increased by 1.3%, or RMB6.2 million, to RMB471.0 million (US$74.8 million) in fiscal 2012 from RMB464.8 million in fiscal 2011, primarily due to our
increased spending on better quality mobile content to improve customer retention in the Maopao Community.
81
Gross Profit.
As a result of the foregoing, gross profit increased by 1.9%, or
RMB4.1 million, to RMB214.5 million (US$34.1 million) in fiscal 2012 from RMB210.5 million in fiscal 2011. Our gross margin remained generally unchanged at 31.3% in fiscal 2012, compared to 31.2% in fiscal 2011, as our costs grew in line
with our revenue.
Operating Expenses.
Operating expenses decreased by 0.3%, or RMB0.6 million, to RMB188.8
million (US$30.0 million) in fiscal 2012 from RMB189.4 million in fiscal 2011. The decrease in our operating expenses was primarily due to a decrease in our sales and marketing expenses and general and administration expenses, which was
partially offset by an increase in our research and development expenses.
|
|
|
Sales and marketing expenses decreased by 2.2%, or RMB0.8 million, to RMB37.4 million (US$5.9 million) in fiscal 2012 from RMB38.2 million in
fiscal 2011, primarily due to a decrease in personnel expenses resulting from decreased headcount. Our sales and marketing employees decreased to 80 as of March 31, 2012 from 100 as of March 31, 2011. In fiscal 2012, we allocated RMB3.6
million (US$0.6 million) in share-based compensation under sales and marketing expenses, which decreased by RMB1.1 million from RMB4.7 million in fiscal 2011.
|
|
|
|
General and administration expenses decreased by 15.1%, or RMB14.9 million, to RMB84.0 million (US$13.3 million) in fiscal 2012 from
RMB98.9 million in fiscal 2011, primarily due to a decrease in management bonuses and our efforts to enhance labor efficiency. In fiscal 2012, we allocated RMB30.7 million (US$4.9 million) in share-based compensation under general and
administration expenses, which decreased by RMB2.7 million from RMB33.4 million in fiscal 2011.
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses increased by 36.0%, or RMB18.8 million, to RMB71.1 million (US$11.3 million) in fiscal 2012 from
RMB52.3 million in fiscal 2011, primarily due to an increase in salaries and bonuses resulting from increased headcount. Our research and development staff increased to 239 as of March 31, 2012 from 204 as of March 31, 2011. In fiscal
2012, we allocated RMB8.5 million (US$1.4 million) in share-based compensation under research and development expenses, which decreased by RMB1.0 million from RMB9.5 million in fiscal 2011.
|
Profit from Operations.
As a result of the foregoing, profit from operations increased by 22.4%, or RMB4.7 million, to
RMB25.8 million (US$4.1 million) in fiscal 2012 from RMB21.1 million in fiscal 2011.
Other Gains and Losses.
We had
other gains of RMB11.6 million (US$1.9 million) in fiscal 2012, compared to other gains of RMB11.2 million in fiscal 2011. The other gains in fiscal 2012 were primarily related to interest income of RMB12.1 million (US$1.9 million) and a
government grant of RMB2.3 million (US$0.4 million) for our successful public offering in December 2010, partially offset by an exchange loss of RMB3.3 million (US$0.5 million). The other gains in fiscal 2011 were primarily related to an exchange
gain of RMB7.9 million (US$1.2 million) and interest income of RMB2.7 million (US$0.4 million).
Impairment of investment
in an associate.
Impairment of investment in an associate in fiscal 2011 primarily related to our investment in Guanzhun, due to its continuing poor business performance and negative discounted cash flow forecast. We did not incur such
impairment for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.
Finance Costs.
Finance costs were RMB4.3 million in
fiscal 2011 due to distributions payable to our preferred shareholders. We did not incur finance costs for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.
Share of Results of Associates.
Our share of results of associates amounted to RMB0.9 million (US$0.1 million) in fiscal 2012 and RMB6.0 million in fiscal 2011 and related to four and
three of our associates, respectively, that were non-listed companies primarily engaged in wireless technology development and related applications in the PRC.
Gain on Changes in Fair Value of Convertible Redeemable Preferred Shares.
The gain on changes in fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares was RMB106.7 million in fiscal 2011. We
have designated the Series A preferred shares as financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss. All of our Series A preferred shares were automatically converted into common shares immediately upon the completion of our
initial public offering in December 2010.
82
Gain on Changes in Fair Value of Warrants.
The gain on changes in fair value of
warrants was RMB7.4 million in fiscal 2011. We have designated the warrants as financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss. All the warrants were exercised upon the completion of our initial public offering in December
2010.
Profit(Loss) before Tax.
As a result of the foregoing, we had profit before tax of RMB36.5 million (US$5.8
million) in fiscal 2012. We had profit before tax of RMB130.2 million in fiscal 2011.
Income Tax Benefit (Expense).
We had an income tax expense of RMB3.6 million (US$0.6 million) in fiscal 2012, compared to an income tax benefit of RMB5.4 million in fiscal 2011. The income tax benefit in fiscal 2011 was primarily due to a RMB8.3 million deferred tax
liability associated with the dividend payment provided in fiscal 2010 which was released to profit and loss as the Company paid the aforementioned dividend in a tax-free manner in fiscal 2011. There was no such reversal in fiscal 2012.
Profit (Loss) for the Year.
As a result of the foregoing, profit for the fiscal year 2012 was RMB32.9 million (US$5.2 million),
compared to a profit of RMB135.6 million in fiscal 2011.
B.
|
Liquidity and Capital Resources
|
We have financed our operations primarily through cash generated from operations, the issuance of Series A preferred shares and our initial public offering. All of our Series A preferred shares were
automatically converted into common shares immediately upon the completion of our initial public offering in December 2010. Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments which are unrestricted as to withdrawal
or use, and which have maturities of three months or less when purchased. As of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, we had RMB367.2 million, RMB137.5 million and RMB135.0 million (US$21.7 million) in cash and cash equivalents, respectively.
As a holding company, we may rely on dividends and other distributions from our subsidiaries in China for our cash
requirements. PRC regulations permit our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and regulations. In addition, each of our subsidiaries and SPEs in
China is required to set aside at least 10% of its after tax profits, as determined on a calendar year basis and in accordance with relevant accounting principles and financial regulations applicable to enterprises established in the PRC (PRC
GAAP), if any, to fund a statutory reserve until such reserve reaches 50% of its registered capital. The statutory reserve, equal to RMB1,000,000 as of March 31, 2012, is the same under both PRC GAAP and IFRS and is reflected as statutory
reserve in the consolidated statements of changes in equity in our consolidated financial statements. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. The difference between net profit, as determined under PRC GAAP, and the amount allocated
to statutory reserve, for each of our subsidiaries and SPEs in China, represents amounts that are free of restriction.
Such
amounts differ from subsidiary or SPE equity less statutory reserve as determined under IFRS due to accounting differences between PRC GAAP and IFRS. The aggregate retained earnings of our PRC subsidiaries and SPEs after setting aside required
statutory reserve funding, determined in accordance with PRC GAAP, amounted to RMB240.2 million (US$38.7 million) as of March 31, 2013. However, the amount of retained earnings distributable to our offshore entities may be less than such
amounts, as any dividend distribution may be subject to relevant taxes in the PRC when our SPEs make payments to our PRC subsidiaries under contractual arrangements and when our PRC subsidiaries distribute dividends to the offshore entities. As
discussed in Item 8. Financial Information A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information Dividend Policy, we do not plan to declare and pay any dividends on our shares or ADSs in the near future and currently
intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business. Furthermore, if our subsidiaries in China incur debt in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability
to pay dividends or make other payments to us.
Prior to July 1, 2010, we received economic benefits generated from our
SPEs through various contractual arrangements entered into by Pusida, our PRC subsidiary, with the SPEs. On July 1, 2010, through Dianneng, our other PRC subsidiary, we entered into contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Sky, Mijia and their
respective shareholders to replace their previous contractual arrangements with Pusida. Such contractual arrangements include technical support service agreements, strategy consulting service agreements and intellectual property license agreements
with Hangzhou Sky and Mijia, respectively, and an exclusive business cooperation agreement with Fanyi.
83
In addition, in February 2011, through Dianneng, we entered into similar contractual
arrangements with Feineng and its shareholders, which include a technical support service agreement, strategy consulting service agreement and intellectual property license agreement with Feineng. In December 2011, through Tiandian, our PRC
subsidiary, we entered into contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Investment and its shareholder. Such contractual arrangements include a technical support service agreement, strategy consulting service agreement and intellectual property license
agreement with Hangzhou Investment. In December 2012, we entered into similar contractual arrangements with Najia, Miyi and Tianchu and their respective shareholders, which include a technical support service agreement, strategy consulting service
agreement and intellectual property license agreement with each of Najia, Miyi and Tianchu. Under these contractual arrangements, our SPEs pay to Dianneng or Tiandian their earnings in the form of services fees and royalties. Our PRC subsidiaries
pay their earnings to our offshore intermediate holding company primarily through dividends.
The following table sets forth
a summary of our net cash flows for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
133,285
|
|
|
|
57,095
|
|
|
|
73,289
|
|
|
|
11,801
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(97,949
|
)
|
|
|
(283,889
|
)
|
|
|
(54,543
|
)
|
|
|
(8,782
|
)
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
|
|
|
261,073
|
|
|
|
384
|
|
|
|
(20,830
|
)
|
|
|
(3,354
|
)
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
296,409
|
|
|
|
(226,410
|
)
|
|
|
(2,084
|
)
|
|
|
(335
|
)
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
|
|
|
75,105
|
|
|
|
367,214
|
|
|
|
137,538
|
|
|
|
21,144
|
|
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes
|
|
|
(4,300
|
)
|
|
|
(3,266
|
)
|
|
|
(429
|
)
|
|
|
(69
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
|
|
|
367,214
|
|
|
|
137,538
|
|
|
|
135,025
|
|
|
|
21,740
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash provided by operating activities was RMB133.3 million, RMB57.1 million and RMB73.3 million in the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The increase in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 was primarily attributable to cost savings from direct cooperation with China Mobile on the game platform. The turnover
days of trade receivables remained the same during all years. For a detailed reconciliation of our net income to net cash provided by operating activities, please refer to our consolidated cash flow statements contained in this annual report.
We had RMB54.5 million net cash used in investing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 primarily due to
a RMB34.9 million increase in term deposits, a RMB32.1 million increase in investment in payment of investment in associates and available-for-sale investments, and RMB3.4 million in purchases of property and equipment, partially offset by a RMB16.2
million interest income received. We had RMB283.9 million net cash used in investing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 primarily due to RMB285.7 million increase of term deposits and RMB11.3 million purchases of property and
equipment, partially offset by RMB12.1 million in interest income. We had RMB97.9 million net cash used in investing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to a RMB102.7 million increase of term deposits and RMB42.2
million purchases of property and equipment, partially offset by RMB25.0 million and RMB15.8 million proceeds from receipt of loan receivable and redemption of investments at FVTPL, respectively.
We had RMB20.8 million net cash used in financing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, primarily consisting of
RMB25.3 million in payments for repurchase of ordinary shares, partially offset by RMB2.5 million from the exercise of share options and RMB2.0 million of capital contributions from non-controlling interests. We had RMB0.4 million net cash provided
by financing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 due to the capital contribution from non-controlling interests. We had RMB261.1 million net cash provided by financing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011,
primarily consisting of (i) RMB303.1 million proceeds from our initial public offering in December 2010, partially offset by RMB20.4 million of transaction costs and (ii) RMB13.0 million and RMB9.8 million in dividends paid to our common
shareholders and preferred shareholders, respectively.
84
Capital Expenditures
We had capital expenditures of RMB42.2 million, RMB11.3 million and RMB3.4 (US$0.6 million) in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively, which were mainly used to purchase
servers and computers to support the expansion of our business.
We anticipate that we will be able to meet our needs to fund
operations for at least the next 12 months with operating cash flow and existing cash balances, including any investments or acquisitions we may decide to pursue. If these sources are insufficient to satisfy cash requirements, we may seek to sell
additional equity or debt securities or to obtain a credit facility. The sale of additional equity or equity-linked securities could result in additional dilution to shareholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service
obligations and could result in operating and financial covenants that would restrict operations. Financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
We have not early adopted any
of the following new and revised standards, amendments or interpretations that have been issued but are not yet effective.
In May 2011, a package of five standards on consolidation, joint arrangements, associates and disclosures was issued, including IFRS 10
Consolidated Financial Statements, IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements, IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities, IAS 27 Separate Financial Statement (as revised in 2011) and IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (as revised in 2011).
IFRS 10 replaces the parts of IAS 27 that deal with consolidated financial statements and SIC 12
Consolidation Special Purpose Entities will be withdrawn upon the effective date of IFRS 10. Under IFRS 10, there is only one basis for consolidation, that is, control. In addition, IFRS 10 includes a new definition of control
that contains three elements: (a) power over an investee, (b) exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, and (c) the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the
investors returns. Extensive guidance has been added in IFRS 10 to deal with complex scenarios.
IFRS 12 a disclosure
standard and is applicable to entities that have interests in subsidiaries, joint arrangements, associates and/or unconsolidated structured entities. In general, the disclosure requirements in IFRS 12 are more extensive than those in the current
standards.
In July 2012, amendments to IFRS 10, IFRS 11 and IFRS 12 were issued to clarify certain transitional guidance on
the application of these IFRSs for the first time.
These five standards, together with the amendments relating to the
transitional guidance, are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 with earlier application permitted provided that all of these five standards are applied at the same time. We have adopted these five standards in our
consolidated financial statements for the annual period beginning April 1, 2013. We anticipate that application of these five standards will not materially affect our consolidated financial statements.
IFRS 13
Fair Value Measurement
establishes a single source of guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures about fair
value measurements. The standard defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. The scope of IFRS 13 is broad; it applies to both financial instrument items and
non-financial instrument items for which other IFRSs require or permit fair value measurements and disclosures about fair value measurements, except in specified circumstances. In general, the disclosure requirements in IFRS 13 are more extensive
than those in the current standards. For example, quantitative and qualitative disclosures based on the three-level fair value hierarchy currently required for financial instruments only under IFRS 7
Financial Instruments: Disclosures
will be
extended by IFRS 13 to cover all assets and liabilities within its scope.
85
IFRS 13 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, with
earlier application permitted. We anticipate that the application of IFRS 13 will have not materially affect our consolidated financial statements.
The amendments to IAS 1
Presentation of Items of Other Comprehensive Income
introduce new terminology for the statement of comprehensive income. Under the amendments to IAS 1, a statement of
comprehensive income is renamed as a statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The amendments to IAS 1 retain the option to present profit or loss and other comprehensive income in either a single statement or two
separate but consecutive statements. However, the amendments to IAS 1 require items of other comprehensive income to be grouped into two categories: (a) items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss; and (b) items that
may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss when specific conditions are met. Income tax on items of other comprehensive income is required to be allocated on the same basis. The amendments do not change the option to present items of other
comprehensive income either before tax or net of tax.
The amendments to IAS 1 are effective for annual periods beginning on
or after July 1, 2012. We anticipate that the application of the amendments to IAS 1 will not materially affect our consolidated financial statements.
IFRS 9
Financial Instruments (as issued in November 2009)
introduces new requirements for the classification and measurement of financial assets. IFRS 9 amended in 2010 includes the requirements
for the classification and measurement of financial liabilities and for derecognition.
Under IFRS 9, all recognized
financial assets that are within the scope of IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement are subsequently measured at amortized cost or fair value. Specifically, debt investments that are held within a business model whose
objective is to collect the contractual cash flows, and that have contractual cash flows that consist solely payments of principal and interest on the principal outstanding are generally measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting
periods. All other debt investments and equity investments are measured at their fair values at the end of subsequent accounting periods.
With regard to the measurement of financial liabilities designated as fair value through profit or loss, IFRS 9 requires that the amount of change in the fair value of the financial liability that is
attributable to changes in the credit risk of that liability is presented in other comprehensive income, unless the recognition of the effects of changes in the liabilitys credit risk in other comprehensive income would create or enlarge an
accounting mismatch in profit or loss. Changes in fair value of financial liabilities attributable to changes in the financial liabilities credit risk are not subsequently reclassified to profit or loss. Under IAS 39, the entire amount of the
change in the fair value of the financial liability designated as fair value through profit or loss was presented in profit or loss.
IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2015, with earlier application permitted. Based on the our financial assets and financial liabilities as at 31 March 2013,
we anticipate that the adoption of IFRS 9 in the future will affect the classification and measurement of our available-for-sale investments and is not likely to have significant impact on the amounts of our other financial assets and liabilities.
Regarding our available-for-sale investments, it is not practicable to provide a reasonable estimate of that effect until a detailed review has been completed. We have not yet performed a detailed analysis of the impact of the application of IFRS 9
and hence have not yet quantified the extent of the impact.
C.
|
Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.
|
We have an experienced team of engineers. As of March 31, 2013, our research and development staff consisted of 218 software, hardware and system engineers. We recruit our engineers throughout China
and have established various recruiting and training programs with leading universities in China.
Our senior management team
heads our research and development efforts and sets out strategic directions for the advancement of our offerings. Mr. Li Ou, Mr. Yan Tang, Mr. Wenjie Wu and Mr. Qing Yan are experienced engineers with a successful track record
of developing Maopao. Under their guidance, our research and development plans currently focus on the following areas:
|
|
|
Improving our hardware infrastructure and computational capability. As of March 31, 2013, peak concurrent users of our Maopao Community reached
approximately 333,370. On average, there were over 950 million user visits to the Maopao application store every month in fiscal 2013. In order to prevent system malfunctions and downtime that may result from our expanding user base, we focus
on investing in our hardware infrastructure and computational capability to support more mobile users concurrently accessing more diversified applications and content and interacting with each other through Maopao Community.
|
86
|
|
|
Developing systematic solutions for community-based applications. We are fine tuning our unified user account management system, which will facilitate
our efforts to provide personalized experience to individual mobile users and enhance their interaction. Recognizing users need to interact on a real-time basis with each other while running other applications, we are developing a systematic
approach to enable concurrent operations of multiple applications and content on mobile handsets.
|
|
|
|
Developing new versions of Maopao which can be downloaded directly by users and installed on smartphones using the Symbian and Android operating
systems, which will help expand our user base and facilitate interaction among users of these handsets and our existing users.
|
|
|
|
Improving the capabilities and functionalities of Maopao while enabling users with older versions of Maopao to easily access newly developed
applications. We believe this will enable us to further enrich the applications available on Maopao and capitalize on market growth following the popularization of 3G networks. We will continue to utilize in-house and third-party development
capabilities to diversify our content portfolio, particularly video chat and video streaming related applications.
|
We believe that the improvement of our technology is vital to maintaining our long-term competitiveness. We have established laboratories for advanced mobile user experience testing, mobile applications
testing and system simulation.
In each of the three years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, our research and
development expenses were RMB52.3 million, RMB71.1 million and RMB73.0 million (US$11.8 million), representing 7.7%, 10.4% and 12.1% of our total revenues for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
Other
than as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events for the period from March 31, 2012 to March 31, 2013 that are reasonably likely to materially adversely affect
our net revenues, income, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause the disclosed financial information to be not necessarily indicative of future operating results or financial conditions.
E.
|
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
|
We have not entered into any financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. In addition, we have not entered into any derivative contracts that are
indexed to our own shares and classified as shareholders equity, or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated
entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. Moreover, we do not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to us or engages in leasing,
hedging or research and development services with us.
87
F.
|
Contractual Obligations
|
The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2013:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payment Due by Period
|
|
|
|
total
|
|
|
Less than
1 year
|
|
|
1-3 years
|
|
|
3-5 years
|
|
|
More than
5 years
|
|
|
|
(in RMB 000)
|
|
Operating lease commitments
|
|
|
24,971
|
|
|
|
15,849
|
|
|
|
9,122
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital commitments
|
|
|
6,211
|
|
|
|
6,211
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
31,182
|
|
|
|
22,060
|
|
|
|
9,122
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This annual
report contains forward-looking statements that relate to future events, including our prospects, future operating results and future financial performance and condition, all of which are largely based on our current expectations and projections.
The forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections entitled Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors, Item 4. Information on the Company and Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and
Prospects. These statements are made under the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You can identify these forward-looking statements by words or phrases such as may,
will, expect, anticipate, aim, estimate, intend, plan, believe, potential, continue, is/are likely to or other
similar expressions.
We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections
about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements include, among others, statements relating to: our business
strategies and initiatives as well as our business plans; our future business development, results of operations and financial condition; expected changes in our revenues and certain cost or expense items; our expectations with respect to increased
revenue growth and our ability to sustain profitability; our products under development or planning; our ability to attract clients and further enhance our brand recognition; and trends and competition in the mobile applications industry.
This annual report also contains data related to the mobile applications industry in China, including projections that are
based on a number of assumptions. The mobile applications industry in China may not grow at projected rates, or at all. The failure of the market to grow at projected rates may materially adversely affect our business and the market price of our
ADSs. In addition, the rapidly changing nature of the mobile applications industry in China subjects any projections or estimates relating to the growth prospects or future condition of our market to significant uncertainties. If any one or more of
the assumptions underlying the market projections is incorrect, our actual results may differ from the projections based on these assumptions. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements made in this annual report relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements
are made in this annual report on Form 20-F. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on
which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this annual report on Form 20-F in its entirety and review the factors and risks we describe in reports we will file from time to time with the SEC
after the date of this annual report. See Item 10. Additional Information H. Documents on Display. with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. Moreover, we operate in an
evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties emerge from time to time and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to
which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
88
ITEM 6.
|
DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
|
A.
|
Directors and Senior Management
|
The following table sets forth information regarding our directors and executive officers as of the date of this annual report. There are no family relationships among any of the directors or executive
officers of our company.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors and Executive Officers
|
|
Age
|
|
|
Position/Title
|
Michael Tao Song
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
|
Li Ou
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
Director and Chief Technology Officer
|
Kui Zhou
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
Independent Director
|
Wei Zhou
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
Independent Director
|
Fan Bao
(1)
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
Independent Director
|
Jimmy Lai
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
Independent Director
|
Carl Yeung
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
Qing Yan
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
Chief Operating Officer
|
Yan Tang
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
Terminal Technology Director
|
Wayne Wei Luan
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
Vice President
|
(1)
|
Mr. Fan Bao, has resigned his position as independent director of the Company for personal reasons. Mr. Jimmy Lai was appointed by the board as the
Companys new independent director to fill the vacancy arising from Mr. Baos resignation, effective as of April 15, 2013.
|
Mr. Michael Tao Song
is our founder, chairman and chief executive officer. Mr. Song was appointed as a director by Xplane Ltd., a holder of our common shares. Prior to founding our
company, Mr. Song worked as a product director at Eastcom Communications Co., Ltd., a telecommunications technology company listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, from 2000 to 2005. Mr. Song received his bachelors degree in applied
mathematics from Tianjin University in 2000.
Mr. Li Ou
has been a director of our company since June 2007
and our chief technology officer since November 2006. Mr. Ou was appointed as a director by Xplane Ltd. Prior to joining us, Mr. Ou worked as a software testing engineer at Eastcom Communications Co., Ltd. from 2001 to 2006. Mr. Ou
received his bachelors degree in communication engineering from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications in 2001.
Mr. Kui Zhou
has been an independent director of our company since August 2007. Mr. Zhou was appointed as a director by Sequoia Capital China II, L.P., our shareholder.
Mr. Zhou has been a principal of Sequoia Capital China since 2005 and a partner of Sequoia Capital China since May 2007. He is also a director of VanceInfo Technologies Inc., a China-based IT service provider listed on the New York Stock
Exchange, and a director of Xiamen Changelight Co., Ltd., a China-based LED and solar cell research and manufacturing company listed on the Growth Enterprises Market of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. He also serves on the board of several privately
held companies, including HDT Holding Technologies Inc., a China-based online advertising and marketing company; Shanghai Hintsoft Software Co., Ltd., a China-based Internet cafe software provider; and Beijing Speedpay Technology Co., Ltd., a
high-tech company committed to wireless payment and mobile e-commerce business, all of which are invested by Sequoia Capital China. Prior to joining Sequoia Capital China, Mr. Zhou served as a senior vice president at Legend Capital from 2001
to 2005. From 1999 to 2001, he served as a manager of the corporate business development department of Legend Holdings Ltd. Mr. Zhou received his bachelors degree in electrical automation from Wuhan Technology University in 1989 and his
masters of business administration degree from Tsinghua University in 2000.
Mr. Wei Zhou
has served
as our independent director since December 2010. Mr. Zhou has served as the chief financial officer of Charm Communications Inc., a leading domestic television advertising agency in China listed on the NASDAQ Global Market, since November 2009.
Mr. Zhou was the chief financial officer of Zhaopin Limited, which operates a China-based online recruitment website (www.zhaopin.com), from June 2008 to October 2009. Mr. Zhou also served as Zhaopin Limiteds director of strategic
planning from July 2005 to May 2007. Mr. Zhou served as an associate director with Abax Global Capital, a Hong Kong based investment fund focusing on direct investments in private and public-sector Chinese companies, from June 2007 to May 2008.
From 2001 to 2005, Mr. Zhou worked in the Hong Kong office of Goldman Sachs in the investment banking division and the Asian Special Situations Group. Mr. Zhou received his bachelors degree from Harvard University in 2001.
89
Mr. Fan Bao
joined the Board of Directors as an independent director in
February 2011. Mr. Bao has resigned from the Board effective April 15, 2012 for personal reasons. Mr. Bao is the founder and chief executive officer of China Renaissance Partners, a leading boutique investment bank in China. Prior to
founding China Renaissance Partners in 2004, Mr. Bao was the chief strategy officer of AsiaInfo Holdings, Inc., an IT service and software company in China. Prior to that, Mr. Bao worked at the investment banking divisions of Morgan
Stanley and Credit Suisse for seven years. Mr. Bao received a bachelors degree from Fudan University in Shanghai and a masters degree from Norwegian School of Management.
Mr. Jimmy Lai
became our independent director since April 2013. Mr. Lai was appointed by the board to fill
the vacancy arising from Mr. Baos resignation. Mr. Lai recently served as the CFO of Gamewave Group Ltd, the largest web game provider and the leading provider of interactive entertainment services in China. Previously, he
served as the CFO for several US-listed and private companies, including Daqo New Energy Corp, a leading polysilicon manufacturer based in China, and Linktone Ltd, a leading provider of interactive entertainment products and services in China.
Earlier in his career, he worked in various financial roles at Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp, one of the leading semiconductor foundries in the world, and AMX Corp, a leading system control company. Mr. Lai received a MBA
degree from the University of Texas at Dallas, and a bachelors degree in statistics from the National Cheng Kung University in Taiwan.
Mr. Carl Yeung
has been our chief financial officer since February 2010. Prior to joining us, Mr. Yeung was the chief financial officer of ATA Inc., a computer-based testing and
testing-related service provider based in China and listed on the NASDAQ Global Market, from 2006 to 2010. From 2002 to 2006, Mr. Yeung worked as an analyst and associate at Merrill Lynch (Asia Pacific) Limited. Mr. Yeung also served as an
independent non-executive director of China Natural Gas, Inc., a NASDAQ-listed integrated natural gas operator in China, from 2008 to November 2010. Mr. Yeung received his bachelors degree in economics with concentrations in finance and
operations management from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, and his bachelors degree in applied science with a concentration in systems engineering from the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania,
in 2002.
Mr. Qing Yan
has been our chief operating officer, responsible for oversight of the operation
and management of our application store and online games businesses, since February 2012. Mr. Yan was our vice president in charge of overseas business from September 2007 until becoming our chief operating officer. From 2005 to 2007,
Mr. Yan was a software engineering at Texas Instruments (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., a semiconductor company. From 2001 to 2005, Mr. Yan worked at Eastcom Communications Co., Ltd. with his last role as a software manager. Mr. Yan received
his bachelors degree in computer science and technology from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 2001.
Mr. Yan Tang
has been our terminal technology director since June 2006. Prior to joining us, Mr. Tang served as
a software manager at Eastcom Communications Tianyu Mobile Technology Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Eastcom Communications Co., Ltd., from 2004 to 2006. From 2003 to 2004, Mr. Tang worked at the Terminal Research Institute of Eastcom
Communications Co., Ltd., with his last role as a manager of telecommunication value-added service. Mr. Tang received his bachelors degree in computer software from Xidian University in 2001.
Mr. Wayne Wei Luan
has been our vice president in charge of our strategic investments since February 2013.
Mr. Wu has been our general manager of investment and strategy and operations director and products operations general manager since 2009. Prior to joining Sky-mobi, Mr. Luan served successively as the director of the SK China Internet
business unit, the vice president of InfoMax, Inc., the vice president of Fone network Info Tech Ltd and a member of the mobile internet product design and development team at Sohu Inc. Mr. Luan received his bachelors degree from Beijing
Union University and is currently an EMBA candidate at Cheung Kong Graduate School of Business.
90
B.
|
Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers
|
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, we paid an aggregate of approximately RMB6.2 million (US$1.0 million) in cash to our executive officers. For options granted to our executive officers, see
Share Incentive Plan.
Other than the below-mentioned statutory contributions mandated by applicable PRC
law, we have not set aside or accrued any amount of cash to provide pension, retirement or other similar benefits to our officers and directors. Our PRC subsidiaries and SPEs are required by law to make contributions equal to certain percentages of
each employees salary for his or her retirement benefit, medical insurance benefits, housing funds, unemployment and other statutory benefits. Our subsidiaries and the SPEs contributed an aggregate of approximately RMB21,520 (US$3,465) for
retirement and similar benefits for our officers and directors in fiscal 2013.
Share Incentive Plan
We have adopted our 2010 Share Incentive Plan, or the 2010 Plan, to motivate, attract, and retain employees, directors and consultants,
and promote the success of our business. The maximum number of common shares which could originally be issued pursuant to all awards under the 2010 Plan was 15,000,000. The amount increases annually on the first business day of each calendar year by
an amount equal to the lesser of (x) one percent of the number of common shares outstanding as of such date, or (y) a lesser number of common shares determined by the compensation committee; provided, however, that no more than 15,000,000
shares may be issued upon the exercise of incentive options. As of March 31, 2013, the aggregate number of common shares underlying our outstanding options under the 2010 Plan was 6,687,435.
Types of Awards
. The types of awards we may grant under the 2010 Plan include, among others, options, restricted shares
and restricted share units.
Plan Administration
. The compensation committee of our board of directors
administers the 2010 Plan, and may delegate its administrative authority to a committee of one or more members of our board or one or more of our officers, subject to certain restrictions. The compensation committee will designate the eligible
individuals who may receive awards, and determine the types and number of awards to be granted and the terms and conditions of each award grant, including, but not limited to, the exercise price, grant price or purchase price, any reload provision,
any restrictions or limitations on the award, any schedule for vesting, lapse of forfeiture restrictions or restrictions on the exercisability of an award and accelerations or waivers thereof, any provisions related to non-competition and recapture
of gain on an award, based in each case on such considerations as the committee in its sole discretion determines. The compensation committee has the sole power and discretion to cancel, forfeit or surrender an outstanding award.
Award Agreements
. Options and other awards granted under the 2010 Plan are evidenced by a written award agreement that
sets forth the material terms and conditions for each grant.
Eligibility
. We may grant awards to employees,
consultants of a service recipient, which includes our subsidiaries or any affiliated entities designated by our board for purposes of the 2010 Plan, as well as our non-employee directors.
Acceleration of Awards upon Corporate Transactions
. The compensation committee may, in its sole discretion, upon or in
anticipation of a corporate transaction, accelerate awards, purchase the awards from the holder or replace the awards.
Vesting Schedule
. In general, the compensation committee determines, or the relevant award agreement specifies, the
vesting schedules.
Amendment and Termination
. The compensation committee may at any time amend, modify or
terminate the 2010 Plan. Amendments to the 2010 Plan are subject to shareholder approval to the extent required by law or security exchange rules. In addition, shareholder approval is specifically required to increase the number of shares available
under the 2010 Plan, or to permit the compensation committee to extend the term or the exercise period of an option beyond ten years, or if amendments result in material increases in benefits or a change in eligibility requirements. Any amendment,
modification or termination of the 2010 Plan must not impair any rights or obligations under awards already granted without consent of the holder of such awards. Unless terminated earlier, the 2010 Plan will expire and no further awards may be
granted after the tenth anniversary of the shareholders approval of the 2010 Plan.
91
The following table summarizes, as of the date of this annual report, the outstanding
options that we have granted our executive officers and other individuals as a group under the 2010 Plan.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Common
Shares
Underlying
Outstanding Options
|
|
|
Exercise
Price
(US$/Share)
|
|
|
Grant Date
|
|
Expiration Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carl Yeung
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
March 1, 2010
|
|
|
**
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
September 15, 2010
|
|
|
**
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
September 15, 2010
|
|
|
**
|
|
Directors and Executive officers as a group
|
|
|
1,640,040
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
March 1, 2010
|
|
|
**
|
|
|
|
|
500,000
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
September 15, 2010
|
|
|
**
|
|
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
|
January 6, 2011
|
|
|
**
|
|
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
|
January 9, 2011
|
|
|
**
|
|
Other individuals as a group
|
|
|
2,325,453
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
March 1, 2010
|
|
|
**
|
|
|
|
|
680,760
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
April 1, 2010
|
|
|
**
|
|
|
|
|
1,341,182
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
September 15, 2010
|
|
|
**
|
|
*
|
Less than 1% of our outstanding common shares.
|
**
|
The expiration date for the options is the earlier of the tenth anniversary of the grant date of such options or upon the termination of the optionholders
services by reason of cause, or two years following the termination of the optionholders services by reason of death or disability, or 90 days following the termination of the optionholders services for any reason other than death or
disability and not for cause.
|
Board of Directors
Our board of directors consists of five members. A director is not required to hold any shares in our company by way of
qualification. A director may vote with respect to any contract or transaction in which he or she is materially interested provided the nature of the interest is disclosed prior to its consideration and any vote on such contract or transaction. The
directors may exercise all the powers of our company to borrow money, mortgage its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, and issue debentures or other securities whether outright or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of our
company or of any third-party. None of our non-executive directors has a service contract with us that provides for benefits upon termination of employment.
Committees of the Board of Directors
We have three committees under the
board of directors: an audit committee, a compensation committee and a corporate governance and nominating committee. We have adopted a charter for each of the three committees.
Audit Committee
Our audit committee consists of Wei Zhou and Jimmy
Lai. Wei Zhou and Jimmy Lai satisfy the independence requirements of Rule 5605 of the NASDAQ Stock Market Marketplace Rules and Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Wei Zhou is the chairman of our audit
committee and meets the criteria of an audit committee financial expert as set forth under the applicable rules of the SEC. Our audit committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of the financial statements of
our company. Our audit committee is responsible for, among other things:
|
|
|
selecting our independent registered public accounting firm and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by our
independent registered public accounting firm;
|
92
|
|
|
reviewing with the independent registered public accounting firm any audit problems or difficulties and managements response;
|
|
|
|
reviewing and approving all proposed related-party transactions, as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act;
|
|
|
|
discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and our independent registered public accounting firm;
|
|
|
|
annually reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter;
|
|
|
|
meeting separately and periodically with management and our independent registered public accounting firms;
|
|
|
|
reporting regularly to the full board of directors; and
|
|
|
|
such other matters that are specifically delegated to our audit committee by our board of directors from time to time.
|
Compensation Committee
Our compensation committee consists of Kui Zhou, Wei Zhou, and Jimmy Lai. Kui Zhou, Wei Zhou and Jimmy Lai satisfy the independence requirements of Rule 5605 of the NASDAQ Stock Market
Marketplace Rules. Our compensation committee assists the board of directors in reviewing and approving the compensation structure of our directors and executive officers, including all forms of compensation to be provided to our directors and
executive officers. Our chief executive officer may not be present at any committee meeting during which his compensation is deliberated. The compensation committee is responsible for, among other things:
|
|
|
reviewing and making recommendations to the board with respect to the total compensation package for our four most senior executives;
|
|
|
|
approving and overseeing the total compensation package for our executives other than the four most senior executives;
|
|
|
|
reviewing and making recommendations to the board with respect to the compensation of our directors; and
|
|
|
|
reviewing periodically and approving any long-term incentive compensation or equity plans, programs or similar arrangements, annual bonuses, employee
pension and welfare benefit plans.
|
Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee
Our corporate governance and nominating committee consists of Wei Zhou, Kui Zhou and Jimmy Lai. All of them satisfy the
independence requirements of Rule 5605 of the NASDAQ Stock Market Marketplace Rules. The corporate governance and nominating committee assists our board of directors in identifying individuals qualified to become our directors and in
determining the composition of the board and its committees. The corporate governance and nominating committee is responsible for, among other things:
|
|
|
identifying and recommending nominees for election or re-election to our board of directors, or for appointment to fill any vacancy;
|
93
|
|
|
reviewing annually with our board of directors its current composition in light of the characteristics of independence, age, skills, experience and
availability of service to us;
|
|
|
|
identifying and recommending to our board the directors to serve as members of committees;
|
|
|
|
advising the board periodically with respect to significant developments in the law and practice of corporate governance as well as our compliance with
applicable laws and regulations, and making recommendations to our board of directors on all matters of corporate governance and on any corrective action to be taken; and
|
|
|
|
monitoring compliance with our code of business conduct and ethics, including reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our procedures to ensure
proper compliance.
|
Duties of Directors
Under Cayman Islands law, our directors have a fiduciary duty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the skill they actually
possess and such care and diligence that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our memorandum and articles of association, amended
from time to time.
Terms of Directors and Officers
Pursuant to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of incorporation, our board of directors are divided into three classes, Class A directors, Class B directors and Class C directors, who
shall retire from office and be eligible for re-election at the first, second and third annual general meeting, respectively. Mr. Michael Tao Song and Mr. Li Ou have been designated as Class A directors. Mr. Kui Zhou and
Mr. Wei Zhou have been designated as Class B directors. Mr. Jimmy Lai has been designated as a Class C director. At each subsequent annual general meeting after the third annual general meeting, the directors of the class who have been
longest in office shall retire and shall be eligible for re-election. A director may only be removed by the shareholders. Officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of the board of directors.
Employment Agreements
We have entered into a three-year employment agreement with each of our executive officers. We may terminate an executive officers
employment for cause, at any time, without prior notice or remuneration, for certain acts of the officer, including, but not limited to, conviction of a crime, material violation of our rules and regulations, or other misconduct that causes material
damage to us. Furthermore, an executive officer may terminate the employment at any time upon prior written notice to us. Each executive officer is entitled to severance pay equal to a certain specified number of months of his base salary if we
terminate his employment without any of the causes specified above.
Each of our executive officers has agreed to hold in
strict confidence any trade secrets or confidential information of our company or trade secrets of any third-party received by us. Each executive officer has agreed that the intellectual property rights related to all work products, inventions,
computer software, or other technological information which he has developed while performing his duties at our company or through mainly using our resources shall belong to us. Each executive officer has agreed to assist us to obtain and exercise
all such intellectual property rights.
94
We had 534,
583 and 489 full-time employees as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. We consider our relations with our employees to be good. The following table sets forth the number of our employees categorized by areas of operations as of
March 31, 2013:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Function
|
|
Number of Employees
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
218
|
|
|
|
44.6
|
|
Sales and marketing (including customer service)
|
|
|
111
|
|
|
|
22.7
|
|
Operations
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
|
16.0
|
|
General and administration
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
|
16.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our success depends on our ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel. We believe we
offer our employees competitive compensation packages, and we have generally been able to attract and retain qualified personnel and maintain a stable core management team. We believe that we maintain a good working relationship with our employees
and we have not experienced any significant labor disputes. For a description of the employment agreement we signed with some members of our senior management, see Item 6. Director, Senior Management and Employees C. Board
Practices Employment Agreements.
Substantially all of our employees are based in the PRC. In accordance with
PRC laws, our full-time employees in China participate in various employee benefit plans including pension, medical benefit plans, unemployment insurance, work-related injury insurance and childbirth insurance.
Compensation for our full-time employees typically consists of a base salary, seniority pay and other subsidies. In addition, based on
our results of operations, we may award bonuses to our employees solely at our discretion. Our employees are also eligible for equity incentives. For more information on the terms of our share incentive plan, see Item 6. Director, Senior
Management and Employees B. Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers Share Incentive Plan.
We hire a portion of our employees through on-campus recruiting programs at various universities, including Zhejiang University,
Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Nanjing University, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Zhejiang University of Technology, Northwest Hangzhou Electronics University, and
Xian Jiaotong University.
As of
June 28, 2013, we had 252,196,984 common shares outstanding. The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common shares as of March 31, 2013, by:
|
(1)
|
each of our directors and executive officers who are also our shareholders; and
|
|
(2)
|
each person known to us to own beneficially more than 5% of our common shares.
|
95
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Shares Beneficially Owned
|
|
|
|
Number
|
|
|
%
|
|
Directors and Executive Officers:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael Tao Song
(1)
|
|
|
50,647,288
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
Li
Ou
(2)
|
|
|
26,234,196
|
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Yan Tang
(3)
|
|
|
9,744,130
|
|
|
|
3.9
|
|
Kui Zhou
(4)
|
|
|
33,389,800
|
|
|
|
13.2
|
|
Wei Zhou
(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carl Yeung
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Qing Yan
(
6
)
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Wayne Wei Luan
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group
(
7
)
|
|
|
120,015,414
|
|
|
|
47.6
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mobi Joy Limited
(
8
)
|
|
|
50,647,288
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
Xplane Ltd.
(
9
)
|
|
|
92,536,848
|
|
|
|
36.7
|
|
Sequoia Capital China II, L.P.
(1
0
)
|
|
|
27,990,688
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
Sequoia Capital China Principals Fund II, L.P.
(1
0
)
|
|
|
4,701,352
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
Sequoia Capital China Partners Fund II, L.P.
(1
0
)
|
|
|
697,760
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
*
|
Less than 1% of our total outstanding shares.
|
(1)
|
Represents 50,647,288 common shares held by Mobi Joy Limited., a British Virgin Islands company controlled by Mr. Song. Mr. Song previously indirectly owned
50, 647, 288 common shares of the Company, through his 35.1811% ownership of shares of XPlane Ltd., which held an aggregate of 143,961,648 common shares of the Company. As part of an internal restructuring in 2013, Mr. Song exchanged all of his
shares of Xplane for 50, 647, 288 Common Shares of the Company, which Xplane distributed to Mobi Joy, a company wholly owned by Mr. Song. Xplane distributed the 50, 647, 288 Common Shares of the Company to Mobi Joy on a pro rata basis in
accordance with Mr. Songs ownership interest in Xplane and for no additional consideration.
|
(2)
|
Represents approximately 26,234,196 common shares of the 92,536,848 common shares held by Xplane Ltd. Mr. Ou holds an approximately 28.35% interest in Xplane Ltd.
Mr. Ou disclaims beneficial ownership with respect to the shares held by Xplane Ltd. except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.
|
(3)
|
Represents approximately 9,744,130 common shares of the 92,536,848 common shares held by Xplane Ltd. Mr. Tang holds an approximately 10.53% interest in Xplane Ltd.
Mr. Tang disclaims beneficial ownership with respect to the shares held by Xplane Ltd. except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.
|
(4)
|
Represents 33,389,800 common shares held by the Sequoia Funds. Mr. Zhou disclaims beneficial ownership with respect to the shares held by the Sequoia Funds except
to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. The business address for Mr. Zhou is Room 3606, Tower 3, China Central Place, No 77 Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100025, Peoples Republic of China.
|
(5)
|
The business address for Mr. Zhou is 26/F, Tower A, Oriental Media Center, 4 Guanghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100026, Peoples Republic of China.
|
(6)
|
Represents certain common shares of the 92,536,848 common shares held by Xplane Ltd. and corresponds to the ownership held in Xplane Ltd. by Mr. Yan. Mr. Yan
disclaims beneficial ownership with respect to the shares held by Xplane Ltd. except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.
|
(7)
|
Represents common shares held by all of our directors and executive officers as a group.
|
(8)
|
The registered address for Mobi Joy Limited is Romasco place, Wickhams Cay 1, P.O.Box 3140, Road Town, Tortola. British Virgin Islands, VG1110. Mr. Song is the
sole shareholder of Mobi Joy Limited.
|
(9)
|
XPlane previously held 143,961,648 common shares of the Company. In connection with an internal restructuring in 2013, XPlane transferred the common shares previously
indirectly owned by Mr. Song to Mobi Joy Limited, a company wholly owned by Mr. Song. The registered address for Xplane Ltd. is Romasco Place, Wickhams Cay 1, P. O. Box 3140, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, VG1110.
|
(10)
|
Each of the Sequoia Funds is a limited partnership incorporated in Cayman Islands. The general partner of each of the Sequoia Funds is Sequoia Capital China Management
II, L.P., whose general partner is SC China Holding Limited, a company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. SC China Holding Limited is wholly owned by Max Wealth Enterprises Limited, a British Virgin Islands company wholly owned by Neil Nanpeng
Shen. Mr. Shen disclaims beneficial ownership with respect to the shares held by each of the Sequoia Funds except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. Mr. Shen has voting and dispositive control over the shares being offered by
the Sequoia Funds. The address of each of the Sequoia Funds is Suite 2215, Two Pacific Place, 88 Queensway, Hong Kong, PRC.
|
96
ITEM 7.
|
MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
|
See
Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees E. Share Ownership.
B.
|
Related Party Transactions
|
Contractual Arrangements
PRC law restricts foreign ownership of businesses providing telecommunications value-added services. To comply with PRC law, we operate
our mobile application store through Diannengs contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi, Najia, Tianchu, and their respective shareholders, and we operate our strategic investment business through Tiandians
contractual arrangements with Hangzhou Investment and its Shareholders. See Item 4. Information on the Company B. Organizational Structure for a description of these contractual arrangements.
Private Placement and Warrants
In July 2007, we entered into a share and warrant purchase agreement, which was amended in March 2010. Pursuant to the purchase agreement and its amendment in March 2010, we issued and sold to Sequoia
Capital China II, L.P. an aggregate of 50,000,000 Series A preferred shares at a price of US$0.07 per share for a consideration of US$3.5 million. In March 2010, we further agreed to issue and sell 4,191,600, 704,000 and 104,400 common
shares to Sequoia Capital China II, L.P., Sequoia Capital China Principals Fund II, L.P., and Sequoia Capital China Partners Fund II, L.P., respectively, in consideration of their agreement on modification of the Series A preferred
shares rights relating to our option issuance. We subsequently issued these shares to them in July 2010. All of the then issued and outstanding Series A preferred shares were converted into 50,000,000 common shares automatically upon the
completion of our initial public offering in December 2010.
In July 2007, we issued a warrant to purchase Series A
preferred shares, which was amended in September 2008 and further amended and restated in June 29, 2009. Under the warrant to purchase Series A preferred shares, as amended, we granted each of Sequoia Capital China II, L.P., Sequoia
Capital China Principals Fund II, L.P., and Sequoia Capital China Partners Fund II, L.P. warrants to purchase 2,841,600, 477,400 and 70,800 of our Series A preferred shares, respectively, at a price of US$0.1475 per share, subject to
adjustment based on, among other things, dividends declared on, and subdivisions, combinations or reclassifications of, the Series A preferred shares. All the warrants expired and became unexercisable upon completion of our initial public
offering in December 2010.
Shareholders Agreement
Pursuant to our shareholders agreement entered into in August 2007, as amended and restated, we have granted certain registration rights to holders of our registrable securities, which include our common
shares issued upon conversion of our preferred shares, including preferred shares issued upon exercise of our warrants. Set forth below is a description of the registration rights granted under the agreement.
Demand Registration Rights
. Holders of at least 50% of the registrable securities then outstanding have the right to demand that
we file a registration statement for at least 20% of the registrable securities then held by such holders (or any lesser percentage if the anticipated gross proceeds from the offering exceed US$5,000,000). However, we are not obliged to effect a
demand registration if we have already effected two demand registrations.
Form F-3 or Form S-3 Registration Rights
.
At any time when we are eligible for registration on Form F-3 or Form S-3, holders of our registrable securities then outstanding have the right to request that we file a registration statement under Form F-3 or Form S-3. However, we are not obliged
to effect any such registration if we have already effected two registrations on Form F-3 or Form S-3 for the holders within the 12-month period preceding the date of request.
97
Deferral of Registration
. We are not obligated to effect the above demand
registration or Form F-3 or Form S-3 registration (i) if we intend to effect the filing for our own account of a registration statement of common shares within 60 days of receipt of a request, and we are actively employing in good faith our
reasonable best efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective within 60 days of initial filing, or (ii) during the period starting with the date of filing by us of, and ending six months following the effective date of, any
registration statement pertaining to our common shares, provided that in either case, the holders of registrable securities are entitled to join such registration under the piggyback registration rights described below. Furthermore, we have the
right to defer filing a registration statement for up to 90 days under demand registration rights or up to 60 days under Form F-3 or Form S-3 registration rights if we provide the requesting holders a certificate signed by our chief executive
officer stating that in the good faith judgment of the board of directors filing a registration statement will be detrimental to us and our shareholders, but we cannot exercise the deferral right more than once in any 12-month period.
Piggyback Registration Rights
. If we propose to file a registration statement for a public offering of our securities other than
pursuant to a demand registration right or an F-3 or S-3 registration statement, or relating to an employee benefit plan or a corporate reorganization, then we must offer holders of registrable securities an opportunity to include in this
registration all or any part of their registrable securities.
Expenses of Registration
. We will bear all registration
expenses incurred in connection with any demand, piggyback or F-3 or S-3 registration, other than any underwriting discounts and selling commissions.
Share Vesting Agreement
In August 2007, we entered into a Share Vesting
Agreement with Xplane Ltd. and each of the individual shareholders of Xplane Ltd., pursuant to which we have the right to repurchase, from Xplane Ltd., up to 75,000,000 restricted shares, at the par value of US$0.00005 per share, in the event
of a voluntary or involuntary termination of the individual shareholders respective employment with us. These restricted shares shall be released from the restriction over a period of thirty-six months, with one thirty-sixth (1/36) of the
restricted shares being released from the restriction at the end of each calendar month period on a pro-rata basis.
Non-competition and
Non-solicitation Agreement
In August 2007, we entered into a non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with all of
the then individual shareholders of Xplane Ltd. in connection with the issuance of our Series A preferred shares. Under the non-competition and non-solicitation agreement, each of the then individual shareholders of Xplane Ltd., for a period
until two years after the last day such individual shareholder holds any equity interest of us, shall not engage or participate in, or induce any of our employees to engage or participate in, any business activities anywhere in the world, directly
or indirectly in competition with us.
Confidential Information Agreement
In August 2007, we entered into a confidential information agreement with all of the then individual shareholders of Xplane Ltd. in
connection with the issuance of our Series A preferred shares. Under the confidential information agreement, each of the individual shareholders of Xplane Ltd., for a period until two years after termination of such shareholders
employment or shareholding relationship with us, shall not use or exploit, disclose, publish or otherwise disseminate any confidential information.
Employment Agreement
We have entered into employment agreements with each
of our management members and each of the individual shareholders of Xplane Ltd. For a description of the employment agreement with our management, see Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees C. Board Practices
Employment Agreements.
98
Transactions with Certain Officers, Shareholders and Affiliates and Key Management Personnel
We obtained licenses for certain mobile content from four of our associates, Zhang Xing Wu Xian Technologies (Beijing)
Co., Ltd., or Zhang Xing, Hangzhou Sibi Technologies Co., Ltd., or Sibi, Beijing Brtech Co., Ltd., or Brtech, and Hangzhou Breaking Dawn Network Technologies Co. Ltd., or Breaking Dawn. The following table sets forth the related cost of revenues we
have recorded for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Zhang Xing
|
|
|
1,559
|
|
|
|
1,822
|
|
|
|
357
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
Sibi
|
|
|
1,856
|
|
|
|
3,724
|
|
|
|
2,271
|
|
|
|
366
|
|
Brtech
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
982
|
|
|
|
158
|
|
Breaking Dawn
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,924
|
|
|
|
471
|
|
In addition, we have certain amounts due to and from the related parties, namely Zhang Xing, Sibi,
Brtech, Breaking Dawn, Hangzhou TaiKu Technologies Co. Ltd., or TaiKu, five of our associates, and Xplane Ltd., our principle shareholder. The following table sets forth the amounts due to and from those related parties for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amounts Due from Related Parties
|
|
Nature of Advances or Payment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zhang Xing
|
|
Non-trading in nature, unsecured, interest-free advances and repayable on demand
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xplane Ltd.
|
|
Non-trading in nature, unsecured, interest-free advances and repayable on demand
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
126
|
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
TaiKu
|
|
Non-trading in nature, unsecured, interest-free advances and repayable on demand
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
306
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
Breaking Dawn
|
|
Non-trading in nature, unsecured, interest-free advances and repayable on demand
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
Amounts Due to Related Parties
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zhang Xing
|
|
Trading in nature, unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand
|
|
|
239
|
|
|
|
274
|
|
|
|
577
|
|
|
|
93
|
|
Sibi
|
|
Trading in nature, unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand
|
|
|
656
|
|
|
|
597
|
|
|
|
426
|
|
|
|
69
|
|
Brtech
|
|
Trading in nature, unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
127
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
Breaking Dawn
|
|
Trading in nature, unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,924
|
|
|
|
471
|
|
99
The amounts due from the Sequoia Funds represent a capital injection made by Fanyi on
behalf of the Sequoia Funds for their 15% equity interest in Hangzhou Guanzhun Technologies Co., Ltd., or Guanzhun, one of our associates. The amounts due to the Sequoia Funds represent the approved distribution payable to the Sequoia Funds which
has been recorded as finance cost.
Beijing Speedpay Technology Co., Ltd., over which our director, Mr. Kui Zhou, has
significant influence, provides payment processing service to us. In the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, we paid a total of RMB510,400, RMB1,373,200 and RMB1,279,500 (US$206,012), respectively, to Beijing Speedpay
Technology Co., Ltd.
Pursuant to a Subscription Agreement dated October 2, 2012, we hold a limited partnership interest
representing an aggregate capital commitment of US$2 million in K2 Partners II, L.P., a private equity fund over which our independent director, Mr. Fan Bao, has significant influence. As of April 15, 2013, Mr. Bao no longer served as
our director.
Other Related Party Transactions
In June 2013, we established Hangzhou Qianlong Technology Limited, or Qianlong, with Li Ou, the director and chief technology officer of the Company, to carry out mobile games development and operation
related business. We and Li Ou signed definitive agreements to contribute RMB 10,000,000 and RMB 15,000,000 into Qianlong, and hold a 40% equity interest and a 60% equity interest in Qianlong, respectively. We also expect to enter into a RMB
25,000,000 loan agreement with Qianlong to fund its future operations. The loan will bear a 3% annual interest rate and can only be used to develop Qianlongs business. In order to focus on the management of Qianlong, Li Ou is in the process of
resigning from the role of director and chief technology officer of the Company, as well as from other similar roles in our consolidated subsidiaries.
In June 2013, we subscribed for additional shares in our subsidiary, Sky Technologies International Limited, or Sky Technologies BVI, at par value. Following the share issuance, we sold a 30% equity
interest in Sky Technologies BVI to Qing Yan, our chief operating officer, and Wenjie Wu, another officer of the Company for cash consideration of RMB 6,000,000. Following the sale, we own 60% of the shares of Sky Technologies BVI and retain control
over it. Sky Technologies BVI, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Powerplay Technology Limited, primarily engages in mobile application store services for overseas markets.
The two above-mentioned related party transactions have been unanimously approved by the Board, the audit committee and a special independent committee formed by the Board.
Share Incentive Plan
See Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees B. Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers Share
Incentive Plan.
C.
|
Interests of Experts and Counsel
|
Not applicable.
ITEM 8.
|
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
|
A.
|
Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
|
We have appended consolidated financial statements as part of this annual report.
Legal
Proceedings
Mr. Carl Yeung, our chief financial officer, served as an independent director and the chairman of the
audit committee of China Natural Gas, Inc., or CHNG, a Delaware corporation whose shares of common stock were listed on the NASDAQ Global Market from 2008 to November 2010. CHNG and certain of its officers and directors, including Mr. Yeung,
have been named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit alleging violations of the federal securities laws. The action, captioned
Vandevelde v. China Natural Gas, Inc., et al.,
No. 10-cv-00728, was filed in the United States
District Court for the District of Delaware on August 26, 2010. On August 12, 2011, the Court entered an order appointing Robert Skeway, an individual investor, as lead plaintiff and approving his selection of lead counsel.
100
Lead plaintiff and Raimundo Jo-Fung, another individual investor, who together seek to
represent a class of all persons who purchased CHNG common stock between March 10, 2010 and September 21, 2011, filed an amended complaint on October 11, 2011. Plaintiffs assert claims for violations of Section 10(b) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and Rule 10b-5 thereunder. The amended complaint alleges the defendants made false or misleading statements in CHNGs Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the years ended December 31, 2009, and December 31,
2010, and in various quarterly reports, by purportedly failing to disclose a series of loans and related party transactions. The amended complaint also asserts claims against certain of CHNGs current and former officers and directors for
violations of Section 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including Mr. Yeung. The suit seeks unspecified monetary damages. Mr. Yeung could potentially be held individually liable for civil damages in these actions.
On December 12, 2011 CHNG filed a motion to dismiss and the motion is now fully briefed. Mr. Yeung has not been
served with a copy of the summons and complaint.
Since July 27, 2012, Mr. Yeung has no longer been named as a
co-defendant in this case.
Other than the foregoing, we are not a party to any material litigation or other legal proceeding
and are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation or other legal proceeding that may materially adversely affect our business or operations.
Dividend Policy
We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman
Islands. We may rely on dividends from our subsidiaries in China for our cash requirements, including any payment of dividends to our shareholders. Current PRC regulations permit our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us only out of their
accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and regulations. In addition, each of our subsidiaries in China is required to set aside a certain amount of its after-tax profits each year, if any, to fund
certain statutory reserves. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. Furthermore, if our subsidiaries in China incur debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay
dividends or make other payments to us.
In May 2010, we declared and paid dividends in the amount of RMB13.0 million to our
common shareholders, and we also approved a distribution payable to our preferred shareholders who have participating rights in the amount of RMB4.3 million. However, we do not plan to declare and pay any dividends on our shares or ADSs in the near
future. We intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business.
Our board of directors has discretion as to whether to distribute dividends, subject to the approval of our shareholders. Even if our board of directors decides to pay dividends, the form, frequency and
amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that the board of directors may deem relevant. If we pay any dividends, we will pay
our ADS holders to the same extent as holders of our common shares, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, including the fees and expenses payable thereunder. Cash dividends on our common shares, if any, will be paid in U.S. dollars.
Except as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we have not experienced any significant changes since the date of our audited
consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.
101
ITEM 9.
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THE OFFER AND LISTING
|
A.
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Offer and Listing Details
|
Our ADSs, each representing eight common shares, have been listed on the NASDAQ Global Market since December 10, 2010. Our ADSs are
traded under the symbol MOBI.
The following table provides the high and low trading prices for our ADSs on the
NASDAQ Global Market for the periods shown.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Sales Price
|
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
Annual Highs and Lows
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2012
|
|
|
23.25
|
|
|
|
2.75
|
|
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2013
|
|
|
3.45
|
|
|
|
1.61
|
|
|
|
|
Quarterly Highs and Lows
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Third Quarter ended December 31, 2011
|
|
|
5.53
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
Fourth Quarter ended March 31, 2012
|
|
|
5.31
|
|
|
|
3.12
|
|
First Quarter ended June 30, 2012
|
|
|
3.45
|
|
|
|
1.91
|
|
Second Quarter ended September 30, 2012
|
|
|
2.47
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
Third Quarter ended December 31, 2012
|
|
|
2.65
|
|
|
|
1.68
|
|
Fourth Quarter ended March 31, 2013
|
|
|
2.49
|
|
|
|
1.70
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly Highs and Lows
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
February 2013
|
|
|
2.41
|
|
|
|
1.76
|
|
March 2013
|
|
|
2.38
|
|
|
|
1.70
|
|
April 2013
|
|
|
1.88
|
|
|
|
1.54
|
|
May 2013
|
|
|
3.49
|
|
|
|
1.71
|
|
June 2013 (through June 24, 2013)
|
|
|
3.48
|
|
|
|
2.48
|
|
Not applicable.
Our ADSs, each
representing eight common shares, have been listed on the NASDAQ Global Market since December 10, 2010. Our ADSs are traded under the symbol MOBI.
Not applicable.
Not
applicable.
Not applicable.
ITEM 10.
|
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
|
Not
applicable.
102
B.
|
Memorandum and Articles of Association
|
We are a Cayman Islands company and our affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands, which is referred to as the Companies Law below.
All share and per share data have been adjusted to reflect a 100-for-1 share split that became effective on August 2,
2007 and a further 200-for-1 share split that became effective on November 18, 2010. As of the date of this annual report, our authorized share capital is US$1,000,000 consisting of 20,000,000,000 shares with par value of US$0.00005 each. The
following are summaries of material provisions of our currently effective amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Law insofar as they relate to the material terms of our common shares. This summary is not
complete, and you should read our currently effective amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
Registered Office
The registered office of our company is at the offices of Codan Trust Company (Cayman) Limited, Cricket Square, Hutchins
Drive, PO Box 2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands or at such other place as the Directors may from time to time decide.
Board of
Directors
See Item 6.C. Board Practices Board of Directors.
Common Shares
General
. All of our outstanding common shares
are fully paid and non-assessable. Certificates representing the common shares are issued in registered form. Our shareholders who are nonresidents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their shares.
Dividends
. The holders of our common shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors
subject to the Companies Law and to the amended and restated articles of association.
Voting Rights
. Each
common share is entitled to one vote on all matters upon which the common shares are entitled to vote. Voting at any shareholders meeting is by show of hands unless a poll is demanded. A poll may be demanded by our chairman or any shareholder,
present in person or by proxy.
A quorum required for a meeting of shareholders consists of at least two shareholders present
in person or by proxy or, if a corporation or other non-natural person, by its duly authorized representative, who hold not less than one-third of our voting share capital. An annual general meeting shall be held in each year other than the year in
which the amended and restated articles of association was adopted. Extraordinary general meetings may be held at such times as may be determined by our board of directors and may be convened by a majority of our board of directors or the chairman
of the board on its/his own initiative. Also, any one or more shareholders holding not less than 25% of our voting share capital may require an extraordinary general meeting to be called by the board of directors by written requisition to our board
of directors or secretary. Advance notice of at least 10 clear days is required for the convening of our annual general meeting and other shareholders meetings.
An ordinary resolution to be passed by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes attaching to the common shares cast in a general meeting, while a special resolution
requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of the votes cast attaching to the common shares. A special resolution is required for important matters such as amendments to the memorandum and articles of association, a change of name or
voluntary liquidation. Holders of the common shares may effect certain changes by ordinary resolution, including alter the amount of our authorized share capital, consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of larger amount
than our existing share capital, and cancel any unissued shares.
Transfer of Shares
. Subject to the
restrictions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, as applicable, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her common shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or any other form
approved by our board.
103
Our board of directors may, in its sole discretion, decline to register any transfer of any
common share which is not fully paid up or on which we have a lien. Our directors may also decline to register any transfer of any common share unless (a) the instrument of transfer is lodged with us, accompanied by the certificate for the
common shares to which it relates and such other evidence as our board of directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; (b) the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of common
shares; (c) the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required; (d) in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the common share is to be transferred does not exceed four; (e) the shares
concerned are free of any lien in favor of us; or (f) a fee of such maximum sum as the NASDAQ Global Market may determine to be payable, or such lesser sum as our board of directors may from time to time require, is paid to us in respect
thereof.
If our directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within three months after the date on which the
instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal. The registration of transfers may, on notice being given by advertisement in such one or more newspapers or by electronic means, be
suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our board of directors may from time to time determine, provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30
days in any year.
Liquidation
. On a return of capital on winding up or otherwise (other than on conversion,
redemption or purchase of shares), assets available for distribution among the holders of common shares shall be distributed among the holders of the common shares on a pro rata basis.
Calls on Shares and Forfeiture of Shares
. Our board of directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for
any amounts unpaid on their shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 clear days prior to the specified time and place of payment. The shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid on the specified time are subject to
forfeiture.
Redemption of Shares
. Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law, we may issue shares on terms
that are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders, on such terms and in such manner, including out of capital, as may, before the issue of such shares, be determined by our board of directors.
Variations of Rights of Shares
. All or any of the special rights attached to any class of shares may, subject to the
provisions of the Companies Law, be varied with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.
Inspection of Books and Records
. Holders of our common shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our corporate
records. However, we will provide our shareholders with annual audited financial statements. See Where You Can Find Additional Information.
Changes in Capital
. We may from time to time by ordinary resolutions:
|
|
|
increase the share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such classes and amount, as the resolution shall prescribe;
|
|
|
|
consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of a larger amount than our existing shares;
|
|
|
|
sub-divide our existing shares, or any of them into shares of a smaller amount; and
|
|
|
|
cancel any shares that, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount
of our share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled.
|
Subject to the Companies Law and our
amended and restated memorandum and articles of association with respect to matters to be dealt with by ordinary resolution, we may, by special resolution, reduce our share capital and any capital redemption reserve in any manner authorized by law.
104
Issuance of Additional Shares
. Our amended and restated memorandum and
articles of association authorizes our board of directors to issue additional common shares from time to time as our board of directors shall determine, to the extent there are available authorized but unissued shares.
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association authorizes our board of directors to establish from time to time one or
more series of preferred shares and to determine, with respect to any series of preferred shares, the terms and rights of that series, including:
|
|
|
designation of the series;
|
|
|
|
the number of shares of the series;
|
|
|
|
the dividend rights, conversion rights and voting rights; and
|
|
|
|
the rights and terms of redemption and liquidation preferences.
|
The issuance of preferred shares may be used as an anti-takeover device without further action on the part of the shareholders. Issuance
of these shares may dilute the voting power of holders of common shares.
Differences in Corporate Law
The Companies Law is modeled after that of England and Wales but does not follow recent statutory enactments in England. In addition, the
Companies Law differs from laws applicable to United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Law applicable to us and the laws applicable to
companies incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Mergers and Similar Arrangements
. A merger of two or more
constituent companies under Cayman Islands law requires a plan of merger or consolidation to be approved by the directors of each constituent company and authorization by (a) a special resolution and (b) such other authorization, if any,
as may be specified in its articles of association.
A merger between a Cayman parent company and its Cayman subsidiary or
subsidiaries does not require authorization by a resolution of shareholders. For this purpose a subsidiary is a company of which at least ninety percent (90%) of the issued shares entitled to vote are owned by the parent company.
The consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security interest over a constituent company is required unless this requirement is
waived by a court in the Cayman Islands.
Except in certain circumstances, a shareholder of a Cayman constituent company is
entitled to payment of the fair value of his shares upon dissenting to a merger or consolidation. The exercise of appraisal rights will preclude the exercise of any other rights save for the right to seek relief on the grounds that the merger or
consolidation is void or unlawful.
In addition, there are statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and
amalgamation of companies, provided that the arrangement is approved by a majority in number of each class of shareholders and creditors representing 75% in value of each such class of shareholders or creditors, as the case may be, that are present
and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings, convened for that purpose. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder
has the right to express to the court the view that the transaction ought not to be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it determines that:
|
|
|
the statutory provisions as to the required majority vote have been met;
|
105
|
|
|
the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question and the statutory majority are acting bona fide without coercion of the
minority to promote interests adverse to those of the class;
|
|
|
|
the arrangement is such that may be reasonably approved by an intelligent and honest man of that class acting in respect of his interest; and
|
|
|
|
the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Law.
|
When a take-over offer is made and accepted by holders of 90.0% of the shares within four months, the offeror may, within a two-month
period commencing on the expiration of such four month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares on the terms of the offer. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but this is unlikely to
succeed in the case of an offer which has been so approved unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.
If an
arrangement and reconstruction is thus approved, the dissenting shareholder would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of Delaware corporations, providing rights to
receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.
Shareholders Suits
. In
principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff and as a general rule a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman
Islands, there are exceptions to the foregoing principle, including when:
|
|
|
a company acts or proposes to act illegally or ultra vires;
|
|
|
|
the act complained of, although not ultra vires, could only be effected duly if authorized by more than a simple majority vote that has not been
obtained; and
|
|
|
|
those who control the company are perpetrating a fraud on the minority.
|
Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability
. Cayman Islands law does not limit the
extent to which a companys memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such
as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime.
Our amended and restated
memorandum and articles of association permit indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages costs and expenses incurred in their capacities as such unless such losses or damages arise from dishonesty or fraud which may attach to such
directors or officers. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation. In addition, we intend to enter into indemnification agreements with our directors and senior
executive officers that will provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed
that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
Directors Fiduciary Duties
. Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two
components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform
himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in the best interests of
the corporation. He or she must not use his or her corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any
interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the
action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must
prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.
106
As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is in the
position of a fiduciary with respect to the company and therefore it is considered that he owes the following duties to the company a duty to act bona fide in the best interests of the company, a duty not to make a profit based on his or her
position as director (unless the company permits him to do so) and a duty not to put himself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his or her personal interest or his or her duty to a third party. A director of a Cayman
Islands company owes to the company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his or her duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of
his or her knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands.
Shareholder Action by Written Consent
. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may eliminate the right
of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. Similarly, our amended and restated articles of association provide that any action required or permitted to be taken at any annual or extraordinary general
meetings of the company may be taken only upon the vote of the members at an annual or extraordinary general meeting duly noticed and convened in accordance with our amended and restated articles of association and the law and may not be taken by a
written resolution of members without a meeting.
Shareholder Proposals
. Under the Delaware General Corporation
Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person
authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings.
Our amended
and restated articles of association allow any shareholder holding 25% or more of our paid up capital carrying the right of voting at general meetings to requisition a shareholders meeting. As an exempted Cayman Islands company, we are not
obliged by law to call shareholders annual general meetings. However, our amended and restated articles of association require us to call such meetings.
Cumulative Voting
. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporations certificate of incorporation
specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a
single director, which increases the shareholders voting power with respect to electing such director. As permitted under Cayman Islands law, our amended and restated articles of association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result,
our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.
Removal of Directors
. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may
be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our amended and restated articles of association, directors may be removed by
ordinary resolution at any time before the expiration of their period of office.
Transactions with Interested
Shareholders
. The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its
certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an interested shareholder for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder
generally is a person or a group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the targets outstanding voting stock within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the
target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business
combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the targets board of
directors.
107
Cayman Islands law has no comparable statute. As a result, we cannot avail ourselves of the
types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although Cayman Islands law does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, such transactions must be entered into bona fide in
the best interests of the company for a proper corporate purpose and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders.
Dissolution; Winding up
. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding
100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporations outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to
include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board. Under Cayman Islands law, a company may be wound up by either an order of the courts of the Cayman Islands or by a
special resolution of its members or, if the company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due, by an ordinary resolution of its members. The court has authority to order winding up in a number of specified circumstances including where it is, in
the opinion of the court, just and equitable to do so.
Under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands and our amended and
restated articles of association, our company may be dissolved, liquidated or wound up by a special resolution.
Variation of Rights of Shares
. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of
shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under Cayman Islands law and our amended and restated articles of association, if our share capital is
divided into more than one class of shares, we may vary the rights attached to any class only with a special resolution passed at a general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.
Amendment of Governing Documents
. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporations governing documents may
be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. As permitted by Cayman Islands law, our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association
may only be amended by special resolution.
Inspection of Books and Records
. Under the Delaware General
Corporation Law, any shareholder of a corporation may for any proper purpose inspect or make copies of the corporations stock ledger, list of shareholders and other books and records.
Holders of our shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our
corporate records. However, we intend to provide our shareholders with annual reports containing audited financial statements.
Anti-takeover Provisions in Our Memorandum and Articles of Association
. Some provisions of our amended and restated
memorandum and articles of association may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including a provision that authorizes our board of directors to issue preference
shares in one or more series and to designate the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of such preference shares without any further vote or action by our shareholders.
Such shares could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of
management more difficult. If our board of directors decides to issue these preference shares, the price of our ADSs may fall and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common shares and ADSs may be materially adversely affected.
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However, under Cayman Islands law, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers
granted to them under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association for a proper purpose and for what they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our company.
Rights of Non-resident or Foreign Shareholders
. There are no limitations imposed by our amended and restated memorandum
and articles of association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association governing the
ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.
We
have not entered into any material contracts other than in the ordinary course of business and other than those described in Item 4. Information on the Company or elsewhere in this annual report on Form 20-F.
See
Item 4. Information on the Company B. Business Overview Regulations Dividend Distribution and Foreign Currency Exchange.
The following
summary of the material Cayman Islands, PRC and U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our ADSs or common shares is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this annual report, all of which
are subject to change. This summary does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our ADSs or common shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws not addressed herein.
Cayman Islands Taxation
The Cayman Islands currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciation and there
is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty or withholding tax applicable to us or to any holder of our ADSs and common shares. There are no other taxes likely to be material to us levied by the Government of the Cayman Islands
except for stamp duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or after execution brought within the jurisdiction of the Cayman Islands. No stamp duty is payable in the Cayman Islands on transfers of shares of Cayman Islands companies,
except those which hold interests in land in the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands is not party to any double tax treaties. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in the Cayman Islands.
Pursuant to Section 6 of the Tax Concessions Law (1999 Revision) of the Cayman Islands, we have obtained an undertaking from the
Governor-in-Council:
(1) that no law which is enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax to be levied on profits or
income or gains or appreciation shall apply to us or our operations; and
(2) that the aforesaid tax or any tax in the nature
of estate duty or inheritance tax shall not be payable on or in respect of our shares, debentures or other obligations or by way of the withholding in whole or in part of any relevant payment as defined in Section 6(3) of the Tax Concessions
Law (1999 Revision) of the Cayman Islands.
The undertaking for us is for a period of twenty years from August 10, 2010.
Peoples Republic of China Taxation
If the PRC tax authorities determine that our Cayman Islands holding company is a resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, a withholding tax of 10% for our non-PRC
enterprise shareholders or potentially 20% for non-PRC individual shareholders may be imposed on dividends they receive from us and on gains they recognize from transferring our shares or ADSs. See Item 3. Key Information D. Risk
Factors Risks Related to Doing Business in China We may be classified as a resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, which could result in our global income becoming subject to 25% PRC enterprise income
tax.
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United States Federal Income Taxation
The following discussion describes certain U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders (as defined below) under present law of
an investment in our ADSs or common shares. This discussion applies only to U.S. Holders that hold the ADSs or common shares as capital assets (generally, property held for investment) and that have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. This
discussion is based on the tax laws of the United States as of the date of this annual report and on U.S. Treasury regulations in effect or, in some cases, proposed, as of the date of this annual report, as well as judicial and administrative
interpretations thereof available on or before such date. All of the foregoing authorities are subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described below.
The following discussion neither deals with the tax consequences to any particular investor nor describes all of the tax consequences
applicable to persons in special tax situations such as:
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certain financial institutions;
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regulated investment companies;
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real estate investment trusts;
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traders that elect to mark to market;
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persons liable for alternative minimum tax;
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persons holding ADSs or common shares as part of a straddle, hedging, conversion or integrated transaction;
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persons that actually or constructively own 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of our voting stock;
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persons who acquired ADSs or common shares pursuant to the exercise of any employee share option or otherwise as compensation; or
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partnerships or pass-through entities, or persons holding ADSs or common shares through such entities.
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INVESTORS ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL TAX RULES TO THEIR PARTICULAR
CIRCUMSTANCES AS WELL AS THE STATE, LOCAL, NON-U.S. AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF ADSs OR COMMON SHARES.
The discussion below of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders will apply to you if you are the beneficial owner of our ADSs or common shares and you are, for U.S. federal
income tax purposes,
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an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
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a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the
laws of the United States, any State thereof or the District of Columbia;
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an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
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a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all
substantial decisions or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
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If you are a partner in a partnership or other entity taxable as a partnership that holds common shares, your tax treatment will depend on your status and the activities of the partnership. If you are a
partner in such a partnership, you should consult your tax advisor.
The discussion below assumes that the representations
contained in the deposit agreement are true and the obligations in the deposit agreement and any related agreement have been and will be complied with in accordance with their terms. If you own ADSs, you should be treated as the owner of the
underlying common shares represented by those ADSs for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
The U.S. Treasury has expressed
concerns that intermediaries in the chain of ownership between the holder of an ADS and the issuer of the security underlying the ADS may be taking actions that are inconsistent with the beneficial ownership of the underlying security (for example,
pre-releasing ADSs to persons that do not have the beneficial ownership of the securities underlying the ADSs). Accordingly, the creditability of any PRC taxes and the availability of the reduced tax rate for any dividends received by certain
non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individual U.S. Holders (as discussed below), could be affected by actions taken by intermediaries in the chain of ownership between the holders of ADSs and our company if as a result of such actions the holders
of ADSs are not properly treated as beneficial owners of underlying common shares.
Passive Foreign Investment Company
Based on the market price of our ADSs, the value of our assets and the composition of our income and assets, we
believe we were a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for our taxable year ended March 31, 2013. A non-U.S. corporation will be a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year if either:
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at least 75% of its gross income for such year is passive income; or
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at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets) during such year is attributable to assets that
produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income.
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For this purpose, we will be
treated as owning our proportionate share of the assets and earning our proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, more than 25% (by value) of the stock. In applying this rule, while it is not
clear, we believe the contractual arrangements between us and our affiliated entities should be treated as ownership of stock.
A separate determination must be made after the close of each taxable year as to whether we were a PFIC for that year. Because the value
of our assets for purposes of the asset test will generally be determined by reference to the market price of our ADSs or equity shares, our PFIC status will depend in large part on the market price of the ADSs or common shares, which may fluctuate
significantly.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold ADSs or common shares, we generally will continue
to be treated as a PFIC with respect to you for all succeeding years during which you hold ADSs or common shares, unless we cease to be a PFIC and you make a deemed sale election with respect to the ADSs or common shares. If such
election is made, you will be deemed to have sold ADSs or common shares you hold at their fair market value on the last day of the last taxable year in which we qualified as a PFIC and any gain from such deemed sale would be subject to the
consequences described in the following two paragraphs. After the deemed sale election, your ADSs or common shares with respect to which the deemed sale election was made will not be treated as shares in a PFIC unless we subsequently become a PFIC.
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For each taxable year that we are treated as a PFIC with respect to you, you will be
subject to special tax rules with respect to any excess distribution you receive and any gain you recognize from a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of the ADSs or common shares, unless you make a mark-to-market
election as discussed below. Distributions you receive in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions you received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the ADSs or
common shares will be treated as an excess distribution. Under these special tax rules:
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the excess distribution or recognized gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the ADSs or common shares;
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the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any taxable years in your holding period prior to the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC,
will be treated as ordinary income; and
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the amount allocated to each other taxable year will be subject to the highest tax rate in effect for individuals or corporations, as applicable, for
each such year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year.
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The tax liability for amounts allocated to taxable years prior to the year of disposition or excess distribution cannot be offset by any net operating losses for such years, and gains (but not losses)
realized on the sale or other disposition of our ADSs or common shares cannot be treated as capital, even if you hold the ADSs or common shares as capital assets.
If we are treated as a PFIC with respect to you for any taxable year, to the extent any of our subsidiaries are also PFICs or we make direct or indirect equity investments in other entities that are
PFICs, you may be deemed to own shares in such lower-tier PFICs that are directly or indirectly owned by us in that proportion which the value of the ADSs or common shares you own bears to the value of all of our ADSs or common shares, and you may
be subject to the adverse tax consequences described in the preceding two paragraphs with respect to the shares of such lower-tier PFICs that you would be deemed to own. You should consult your tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC
rules to any of our subsidiaries.
A U.S. Holder of marketable stock (as defined below) in a PFIC may make a
mark-to-market election for such stock to elect out of the PFIC rules described above regarding excess distributions and recognized gains. If you make a mark-to-market election for our ADSs or common shares, you will include in income for each year
we are a PFIC an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the ADSs or common shares as of the close of your taxable year over your adjusted basis in such ADSs or common shares. You will be allowed an ordinary deduction for the
excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the ADSs or common shares over their fair market value as of the close of the taxable year. However, deductions will be allowable only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains on the ADSs or common
shares included in your income for prior taxable years. Amounts included in your income under a mark-to-market election, as well as gain on the actual sale or other disposition of the ADSs or common shares, will be treated as ordinary income.
Ordinary loss treatment will also apply to the deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss on the ADSs or common shares, as well as to any loss realized on the actual sale or other disposition of the ADSs or common shares, to the extent that the
amount of such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included for such ADSs or common shares. Your basis in the ADSs or common shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts. If you make a mark-to-market
election, any distributions we make would generally be subject to the rules discussed above under Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on the ADSs or Common Shares, except that the lower tax rate applicable to qualified
dividend income would not apply.
The mark-to-market election is available only for marketable stock, which is
stock that is regularly traded on a qualified exchange or other market, as defined in applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. Our ADS are listed on the NASDAQ Global Market, which is a qualified exchange or other market for these purposes.
Consequently, if the ADSs continue to be listed on the NASDAQ Global Market and are regularly traded, and you are a holder of ADSs, we expect the mark-to-market election would be available to you if we were to become a PFIC. Because a mark-to-market
election cannot be made for equity interests in any lower-tier PFICs that we own, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to the PFIC rules with respect to its indirect interest in any investments held by us that are treated as an equity interest
in a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. You should consult your tax advisors as to the availability and desirability of a mark-to-market election, as well as the impact of such election on interests in any lower-tier PFICs.
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Alternatively, if a non-U.S. corporation is a PFIC, a holder of shares in that corporation
may avoid taxation under the PFIC rules described above regarding excess distributions and recognized gains by making a qualified electing fund election to include in income its share of the corporations income on a current basis.
However, you may make a qualified electing fund election with respect to your ADSs or common shares only if we agree to furnish you annually with certain tax information, and we currently do not intend to prepare or provide such information.
Unless otherwise provided by the U.S. Treasury, each U.S. Holder of a PFIC is required to file an annual report containing
such information as the U.S. Treasury may require. If we are or become a PFIC, you should consult your tax advisor regarding any reporting requirements that may apply to you.
You are strongly urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the application of the PFIC rules to your investment in ADSs or common shares.
Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on the ADSs or Common Shares
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed above, the gross amount of any distributions we make to you with respect to our ADSs or common shares generally will be includible in your gross income as dividend
income on the date of receipt by the depositary, in the case of ADSs, or on the date of receipt by you, in the case of common shares, but only to the extent the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as
determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). Any such dividends will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations. To the extent the amount of the
distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), such excess amount will be treated first as a tax-free return of your tax basis in your ADSs or common shares, and then,
to the extent such excess amount exceeds your tax basis in your ADSs or common shares, as capital gain. We currently do not, and we do not intend to, calculate our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, a U.S.
Holder should expect any distribution will generally be reported as a dividend even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as capital gain under the rules described above.
With respect to certain non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individual U.S. Holders, any dividends may be taxed at the lower capital
gains rate applicable to qualified dividend income, provided (1) either (a) the ADSs or common shares, as applicable, are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States or (b) we are eligible for
the benefits of a qualifying income tax treaty with the United States that includes an exchange of information program, (2) we are neither a PFIC nor treated as such with respect to you (as discussed above) for the taxable year in which the
dividend was paid and the preceding taxable year and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. Under U.S. Internal Revenue Service authority, ADSs are considered for purposes of clause (1) above to be readily tradable on an
established securities market in the United States if they are listed on the NASDAQ Global Market, as are our ADSs. However, based on existing guidance, it is not entirely clear whether dividends you receive with respect to the common shares will be
taxed as qualified dividend income, because the common shares are not themselves listed on a U.S. exchange. As discussed above in Passive Foreign Investment Company, we believe we were a PFIC for the taxable year ended
March 31, 2013. If we are treated as a resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes under the PRC Corporate Income Tax Law, we may be eligible for the benefits of the income tax treaty between the United States and the PRC. You should
consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower capital gains rate applicable to qualified dividend income for any dividends paid with respect to our ADSs or common shares.
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Any dividends will constitute foreign source income for foreign tax credit limitation
purposes. If the dividends are taxed as qualified dividend income (as discussed above), the amount of the dividend taken into account for purposes of calculating the foreign tax credit limitation will in general be limited to the gross amount of the
dividend, multiplied by the reduced tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income and divided by the highest tax rate normally applicable to dividends. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to
specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends distributed by us with respect to our ADSs or common shares will generally constitute passive category income but could, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, constitute
general category income.
If PRC withholding taxes apply to any dividends paid to you with respect to our ADSs or
common shares, the amount of the dividend would include the withheld PRC taxes and, subject to certain conditions and limitations, such PRC withholding taxes generally will be treated as foreign taxes eligible for credit against your U.S. federal
income tax liability. The rules relating to the determination of the foreign tax credit are complex and you should consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of a foreign tax credit in your particular circumstances, including the effects
of any applicable income tax treaties.
Taxation of Disposition of ADSs or Common Shares
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed above, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of
ADSs or common shares equal to the difference between the amount realized for the ADSs or common shares and your tax basis in the ADSs or common shares. The gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder,
including an individual U.S. Holder, that has held the ADSs or common shares for more than one year, you may be eligible for reduced tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. As discussed above in Passive
Foreign Investment Company, we believe we were a PFIC for the taxable year ended March 31, 2013. Any gain or loss you recognize on a disposition of ADSs or common shares will generally be treated as U.S. source income or loss for foreign
tax credit limitation purposes. However, if we are treated as a resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes, we may be eligible for the benefits of the income tax treaty between the United States and the PRC. In such event, if PRC tax were
to be imposed on any gain from the disposition of the ADSs or common shares, a U.S. Holder that is eligible for the benefits of the income tax treaty between the United States and the PRC may elect to treat the gain as PRC source income for foreign
tax credit purposes. You should consult your tax advisors regarding the proper treatment of gain or loss in your particular circumstances, including the effects of any applicable income tax treaties.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Any dividend payments with respect to ADSs or common shares and proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of ADSs or common shares may be subject to information reporting to the U.S. Internal Revenue
Service and possible U.S. backup withholding. Backup withholding will not apply, however, to a U.S. Holder that furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification or that is otherwise exempt from backup
withholding. U.S. Holders that are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S.
information reporting and backup withholding rules.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup
withholding may be credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the U.S. Internal Revenue
Service and furnishing any required information in a timely manner.
Additional Reporting Requirements
Certain U.S. Holders who are individuals are required to report information relating to an interest in our ADSs or common shares, subject
to certain exceptions (including an exception for ADSs or common shares held in accounts maintained by certain financial institutions). U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of these rules on their ownership
and disposition of the ADSs and common shares.
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Dividends and Paying Agents
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Not Applicable.
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Not Applicable.
We
previously filed with the SEC our registration statement on Form F-1, as amended, and related prospectus under the Securities Act of 1933, with respect to our common shares represented by the ADSs. We also filed with the SEC a related
registration statement on Form F-6 with respect to the ADSs.
We are subject to periodic reporting and other informational
requirements of the Exchange Act as applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we are required to file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC. All documents filed by us with the SEC can be
inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of these documents, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC. Please call the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the public reference rooms. The SEC also maintains a web site at
www.sec.gov
that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding registrants that
make electronic filings with the SEC using its EDGAR system.
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules of
the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of quarterly reports and proxy statements, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in
Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the
Exchange Act.
We intend to furnish Citibank, N.A., the depositary of our ADSs, with all notices of shareholders
meeting and other reports and communications that are made generally available to our shareholders. The depositary will make such notices, reports and communications available to holders of ADSs and, upon our written request, will mail to all record
holders of ADSs the information contained in any notice of a shareholders meeting received by the depositary from us.
In accordance with Rule 5250(d) of the NASDAQ Listing Rules, we will post this annual report on Form 20-F on our website at
http://ir.sky-mobi.com/sec.cfm. In addition, we will provide hard copies of our annual report free of charge to shareholders and ADS holders upon request.
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Subsidiary Information
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For a listing of our subsidiaries, see Item 4. Information on the Company B. Organizational Structure, as well as
Exhibit 8.1 filed herewith.
ITEM 11.
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
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Foreign Exchange Risk
Our revenues and purchases are generally
denominated in Renminbi. Our assets and liabilities are also denominated in Renminbi, except for cash held in other currencies, which amounted to RMB89.5 million and RMB87.2 million as of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, respectively. As
a result, fluctuations in the exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and Renminbi will affect our results of operations and financial condition. The Renminbis exchange rate with the U.S. dollar is affected by, among other things, changes in
Chinas political and economic conditions and Chinas foreign exchange policies. The Peoples Bank of China regularly intervenes in the foreign exchange market to limit fluctuations in RMB exchange rates and achieve policy goals.
On July 21, 2005, the PRC government changed its decade-old policy of pegging the value of the RMB to the U.S. dollar,
and the RMB appreciated more than 20% against the U.S. dollar over the following five years. In June 2010, the PRC government announced that it would increase Renminbi exchange rate flexibility and since that time the Renminbi has gradually
appreciated against the U.S. dollar. However, it remains unclear how this flexibility might be implemented. There remains significant international pressure on the PRC government to adopt a more flexible currency policy, which could result in
greater fluctuation of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar.
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To the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars into RMB for our operations or other
uses within the PRC, appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar would have an adverse effect on the RMB amount we would receive from the conversion. On the other hand, a decline in the value of RMB against the U.S. dollar could reduce the U.S.
dollar equivalent amounts of our financial results, the value of your investment in our company and the dividends we may pay in the future, if any, all of which may have a material adverse effect on the price of our ADSs. As of March 31, 2013,
we had RMB-denominated cash balances of RMB521.1 million. Assuming we had converted the RMB521.1 million into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate of $1.00 for RMB6.2108 as of March 29, 2013, this cash balance would have been $83.9 million.
Assuming a 5% depreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar, this cash balance would have decreased to US$79.9 million as of March 31, 2013 resulting in US$4.0 million of foreign exchange loss.
Interest Rate Risk
We
do not have any outstanding long-term or short-term loans. Our exposure to interest rate risk primarily relates to interest income generated by excess cash invested in bank deposits with original maturities of three months or less and time deposits
with maturity terms of three months or more but less than one year. If we borrow money in future periods, we may be exposed to interest rate risk related to interest expenses incurred by any short-term or long-term bank borrowings. We have not used
any derivative financial instruments to manage our interest risk exposure. We have not been exposed, nor do we anticipate being exposed, to material risks due to changes in interest rates. However, our future interest income may be lower than
expected due to changes in market interest rates.
Inflation Risk
In recent years, inflation has not had a material impact on our results of operations. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of
China, the change in Chinas Consumer Price Index was -3.3%, 5.4% and 2.6% in calendar year 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively. If inflation rises, it may materially adversely affect our business.
Credit Risk
Our
maximum exposure to credit risks is equivalent to the total carrying amount of loan receivables, trade and other receivables, amounts due from related parties, cash and cash equivalents, term deposits, investments at FVTPL and available-for-sale
investments in the aggregate amount of RMB604.1 million, RMB673.9 million and RMB693.0 million (US$111.6 million) as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
Collection of our revenues is substantially done through mobile service providers with whom we have co-operative service agreements. The total carrying amount of trade receivables from mobile service
providers was RMB81.4 million, RMB81.7 million and RMB36.9 million (US$5.9 million), respectively as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013. We also had RMB28.2 million trade receivables from one mobile service operator as of March 31, 2013. In
order to minimize credit risk, we assess the credit worthiness of the mobile service providers prior to contracting with them.
In addition, we allocate revenue payments among mobile service providers based on their payment history and our assessment of their
relationship with mobile network operators, which will impact the mobile service providers ability to pay. We monitor the subsequent performance of the mobile service providers in order to mitigate collection risk going forward. In addition,
we review the recoverable amount of each individual trade receivable at the end of each reporting period to determine if a provision should be made for uncollectible amounts.
We have concentration of credit risk with exposure limited to certain mobile service providers and one mobile network operator. As of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, our ten mobile service providers
and the mobile network operator accounted for approximately RMB53.3 million, RMB64.8 million and RMB51.9 million (US$8.4 million), or 65%, 73% and 80%, of our trade receivables, respectively. We closely monitor the subsequent settlement of trade
receivables and do not grant long credit periods to the counterparties.
As of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, all of our
cash and cash equivalents and time deposits were held by reputable financial institutions. We believe that we are not exposed to unusual risks as these financial institutions have high credit quality. We have not experienced any losses on deposits
of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. Prior to entering into contracts, we make a credit assessment of our counterparties to assess the collectability of the contracts.
116
ITEM 12.
|
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
|
Not
applicable.
Not
applicable.
Not
applicable.
D.
|
American Depositary Shares
|
Fees and
Charges Our ADS holders May Have to Pay
ADS holders will be required to pay the following service fees to the depository:
|
|
|
|
|
Service
|
|
Fee
|
|
|
Issuance of ADSs
|
|
Up to US$0.05 per ADS issued
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cancellation of ADSs
|
|
Up to US$0.05 per ADS canceled
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution of cash dividends or other cash distributions
|
|
Up to US$0.05 per ADS held
|
|
|
Distribution of ADSs pursuant to stock dividends, free stock distributions or exercise of rights.
|
|
Up to US$0.05 per ADS held
|
|
|
Distribution of securities other than ADSs or rights to purchase additional ADSs
|
|
Up to US$0.05 per ADS held
|
|
|
Depositary services
|
|
Up to US$0.05 per ADS held on the applicable record date(s) established by the depositary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transfer of ADSs
|
|
US$1.50 per certificate presented for transfer
|
ADS holders will also be responsible to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by the depositary and
certain taxes and governmental charges such as:
|
|
|
fees for the transfer and registration of ordinary shares charged by the registrar and transfer agent for the ordinary shares in the Cayman Islands
(i.e., upon deposit and withdrawal of ordinary shares);
|
|
|
|
expenses incurred for converting foreign currency into U.S. dollars;
|
|
|
|
expenses for cable, telex and fax transmissions and for delivery of securities;
|
|
|
|
taxes and duties upon the transfer of securities (i.e., when ordinary shares are deposited or withdrawn from deposit); and
|
|
|
|
fees and expenses incurred in connection with the delivery or servicing of ordinary shares on deposit.
|
Depositary fees payable upon the issuance and cancellation of ADSs are typically paid to the depositary by the brokers (on behalf of
their clients) receiving the newly issued ADSs from the depositary and by the brokers (on behalf of their clients) delivering the ADSs to the depositary for cancellation. The brokers in turn charge these fees to their clients. Depositary fees
payable in connection with distributions of cash or securities to ADS holders and the depositary services fee are charged by the depositary to the holders of record of ADSs as of the applicable ADS record date.
117
The depositary fees payable for cash distributions are generally deducted from the cash
being distributed. In the case of distributions other than cash (such as stock dividends and rights distributions), the depositary charges the applicable fee to the ADS record date holders concurrent with the distribution. In the case of ADSs
registered in the name of the investor (whether certificated or uncertificated in direct registration), the depositary sends invoices to the applicable record date ADS holders. In the case of ADSs held in brokerage and custodian accounts (via DTC),
the depositary generally collects its fees through the systems provided by DTC (whose nominee is the registered holder of the ADSs held in DTC) from the brokers and custodians holding ADSs in their DTC accounts. The brokers and custodians who hold
their clients ADSs in DTC accounts in turn charge their clients accounts the amount of the fees paid to the depositary.
In the event of refusal to pay the depositary fees, the depositary may, under the terms of the deposit agreement, refuse the requested service until payment is received or may set off the amount of the
depositary fees from any distribution to be made to the ADS holder.
The fees and charges that ADS holders may be required to
pay may vary over time and may be changed by us and by the depositary.
The depositary may reimburse us for certain expenses
incurred by us in respect of the ADR program established pursuant to the deposit agreement, by making available a portion of the depositary fees charged in respect of the ADR program or otherwise, upon such terms and conditions as we and the
depositary may agree from time to time. As described in the deposit agreement, we or the depositary may withhold or deduct from any distributions made in respect of ordinary shares and may sell for the account of a holder any or all of the ordinary
shares and apply such distributions and sale proceeds in payment of any taxes (including applicable interest and penalties) or charges that are or may be payable by holders in respect of the ADSs.
Fees and Other Payments Made by the Depositary to Us
Our depositary has agreed to reimburse us for certain expenses we incur that are related to establishment and maintenance of the ADS program, including investor relations expenses and exchange application
and listing fees. There are limits on the amount of expenses for which the depositary will reimburse us, but the amount of reimbursement available to us is not related to the amounts of fees the depositary collects from investors.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
NOTES
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
US$000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Note 2)
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
13
|
|
|
367,214
|
|
|
|
137,538
|
|
|
|
135,025
|
|
|
|
21,740
|
|
Term deposits
|
|
13
|
|
|
152,718
|
|
|
|
438,393
|
|
|
|
473,277
|
|
|
|
76,202
|
|
Trade and other receivables
|
|
16
|
|
|
86,181
|
|
|
|
103,372
|
|
|
|
80,274
|
|
|
|
12,924
|
|
Amounts due from related parties
|
|
23
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
126
|
|
|
|
523
|
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
|
|
606,602
|
|
|
|
679,429
|
|
|
|
689,099
|
|
|
|
110,950
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment
|
|
17
|
|
|
43,285
|
|
|
|
32,856
|
|
|
|
15,170
|
|
|
|
2,443
|
|
Interest in associates
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
714
|
|
|
|
22,371
|
|
|
|
3,602
|
|
Available-for-sale investment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
|
7,167
|
|
|
|
1,154
|
|
Other non-current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,642
|
|
|
|
5,568
|
|
|
|
897
|
|
Deferred tax assets
|
|
10
|
|
|
6,656
|
|
|
|
2,210
|
|
|
|
1,765
|
|
|
|
284
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total non-current assets
|
|
|
|
|
49,941
|
|
|
|
39,322
|
|
|
|
52,041
|
|
|
|
8,380
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
|
|
656,543
|
|
|
|
718,751
|
|
|
|
741,140
|
|
|
|
119,330
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade and other payables
|
|
19
|
|
|
135,779
|
|
|
|
121,932
|
|
|
|
122,119
|
|
|
|
19,662
|
|
Income tax liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
11,797
|
|
|
|
5,675
|
|
|
|
4,787
|
|
|
|
771
|
|
Amounts due to related parties
|
|
23
|
|
|
895
|
|
|
|
871
|
|
|
|
4,054
|
|
|
|
653
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
|
|
6,532
|
|
|
|
10,038
|
|
|
|
9,062
|
|
|
|
1,459
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
155,003
|
|
|
|
138,516
|
|
|
|
140,022
|
|
|
|
22,545
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
155,003
|
|
|
|
138,516
|
|
|
|
140,022
|
|
|
|
22,545
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share capital (US$0.00005 par value, 937,857,200 shares authorized; 257,389,800, 258,174,600 and 250,411,948
shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively)
|
|
21
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
Share premium
|
|
|
|
|
635,116
|
|
|
|
642,495
|
|
|
|
625,651
|
|
|
|
100,736
|
|
Reserves
|
|
|
|
|
112,938
|
|
|
|
152,526
|
|
|
|
171,718
|
|
|
|
27,648
|
|
Statutory reserve
|
|
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
161
|
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
|
|
(247,907
|
)
|
|
|
(214,938
|
)
|
|
|
(197,826
|
)
|
|
|
(31,852
|
)
|
Subscription receivables
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,284
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treasury stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(0
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity attributable to owners of the Company
|
|
|
|
|
501,239
|
|
|
|
579,891
|
|
|
|
600,630
|
|
|
|
96,707
|
|
Non-controlling interests
|
|
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
344
|
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total equity
|
|
|
|
|
501,540
|
|
|
|
580,235
|
|
|
|
601,118
|
|
|
|
96,785
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total equity and liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
656,543
|
|
|
|
718,751
|
|
|
|
741,140
|
|
|
|
119,330
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-5
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share
capital
|
|
|
Treasury
shares
|
|
|
Share
premium
|
|
|
Reserves *
|
|
|
Statutory
reserve
|
|
|
Subscription
Receivables
|
|
|
Accumulated
deficit
|
|
|
Total equity
attributable
to
owners of
the Company
|
|
|
Non-
controlling
interests
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at April 1, 2010
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
62,648
|
|
|
|
500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(370,717
|
)
|
|
|
(307,512
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(307,512
|
)
|
Capital injection from non-controlling interests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,050
|
|
|
|
1,050
|
|
Issue of new shares upon modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Issuance of shares upon initial public offering
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
303,133
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
303,148
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
303,148
|
|
Transaction costs attributable to issue of new shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20,377
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20,377
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20,377
|
)
|
Conversion of convertible redeemable preferred shares and warrants
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
352,360
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
352,378
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
352,378
|
|
Transfer to statutory reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(500
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit and total comprehensive profit for the year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
136,310
|
|
|
|
136,310
|
|
|
|
(749
|
)
|
|
|
135,561
|
|
Dividends
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13,000
|
)
|
|
|
(13,000
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13,000
|
)
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
50,290
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
50,290
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
50,290
|
|
Balance at March 31, 2011
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
635,116
|
|
|
|
112,938
|
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(247,907
|
)
|
|
|
501,239
|
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
501,540
|
|
Profit and total comprehensive profit for the year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,969
|
|
|
|
32,969
|
|
|
|
(40
|
)
|
|
|
32,929
|
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45,683
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45,683
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45,683
|
|
Derecognition of a subsidiary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(301
|
)
|
|
|
(301
|
)
|
Capital injection from non-controlling shareholder
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
384
|
|
|
|
384
|
|
Exercise of share options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,379
|
|
|
|
(6,095
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,284
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at March 31, 2012
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
642,495
|
|
|
|
152,526
|
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
(1,284
|
)
|
|
|
(214,938
|
)
|
|
|
579,891
|
|
|
|
344
|
|
|
|
580,235
|
|
Profit and total comprehensive profit for the year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,112
|
|
|
|
17,112
|
|
|
|
144
|
|
|
|
17,256
|
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,457
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,457
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,457
|
|
Partial disposal of subsidiaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,001
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,001
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,001
|
|
Exercise of share options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,384
|
|
|
|
(5,191
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,284
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,477
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,477
|
|
Restricted share vested
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,075
|
|
|
|
(2,075
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase of ordinary shares
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(25,303
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(25,308
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(25,308
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at March 31, 2013
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
625,651
|
|
|
|
171,718
|
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(197,826
|
)
|
|
|
600,630
|
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
|
601,118
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Reserves include share-based compensation reserves, reserve from the modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares (note 20), and reserve from partial
disposal of subsidiaries that do not result in the Group losing control. At the time when the share options are exercised, the amount previously recognized in reserves will be transferred to share premium.
|
F-6
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
US$000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Note 2)
|
|
Operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit before tax
|
|
|
130,194
|
|
|
|
36,531
|
|
|
|
19,989
|
|
|
|
3,218
|
|
Adjustments for:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share of results of associates
|
|
|
6,012
|
|
|
|
886
|
|
|
|
935
|
|
|
|
151
|
|
Gain on derecognition of a subsidiary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,930
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net foreign exchange loss (gain)
|
|
|
(7,941
|
)
|
|
|
3,266
|
|
|
|
429
|
|
|
|
69
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
(2,726
|
)
|
|
|
(12,110
|
)
|
|
|
(16,209
|
)
|
|
|
(2,610
|
)
|
Amortization of government grant related to property and equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,468
|
)
|
|
|
(489
|
)
|
|
|
(79
|
)
|
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
15,601
|
|
|
|
21,082
|
|
|
|
21,596
|
|
|
|
3,477
|
|
Change in fair value of investment at FVTPL
|
|
|
(404
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income on loan receivable
|
|
|
(193
|
)
|
|
|
(450
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on changes in fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
(106,684
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on changes in fair value of warrants
|
|
|
(7,377
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
50,290
|
|
|
|
45,683
|
|
|
|
24,457
|
|
|
|
3,938
|
|
Finance costs
|
|
|
4,333
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impairment of investment in an associate
|
|
|
5,760
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,367
|
|
|
|
221
|
|
Changes in working capital:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease (increase) in trade and other receivables
|
|
|
(10,071
|
)
|
|
|
(18,856
|
)
|
|
|
22,072
|
|
|
|
3,554
|
|
Increase (decrease) in trade and other payables
|
|
|
49,863
|
|
|
|
(11,981
|
)
|
|
|
(446
|
)
|
|
|
(72
|
)
|
Increase (decrease) in amounts due to related parties
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
|
(24
|
)
|
|
|
3,183
|
|
|
|
512
|
|
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue
|
|
|
6,532
|
|
|
|
3,017
|
|
|
|
(487
|
)
|
|
|
(78
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash generated from operations
|
|
|
133,408
|
|
|
|
63,646
|
|
|
|
76,465
|
|
|
|
12,312
|
|
Income tax paid
|
|
|
(123
|
)
|
|
|
(6,551
|
)
|
|
|
(3,176
|
)
|
|
|
(511
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash from operating activities
|
|
|
133,285
|
|
|
|
57,095
|
|
|
|
73,289
|
|
|
|
11,801
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income received
|
|
|
2,726
|
|
|
|
12,110
|
|
|
|
16,209
|
|
|
|
2,610
|
|
Proceeds from disposal of a subsidiary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
205
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase of term deposits
|
|
|
(102,718
|
)
|
|
|
(285,675
|
)
|
|
|
(34,884
|
)
|
|
|
(5,617
|
)
|
Purchases of property and equipment
|
|
|
(42,181
|
)
|
|
|
(11,339
|
)
|
|
|
(3,424
|
)
|
|
|
(551
|
)
|
Receipt of government grant related to acquisition of property and equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,957
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment
|
|
|
105
|
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
79
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
Investments in associates (including down payment)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,100
|
)
|
|
|
(25,859
|
)
|
|
|
(4,164
|
)
|
Investments in available-for-sale investment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(900
|
)
|
|
|
(6,267
|
)
|
|
|
(1,009
|
)
|
Payment for loan receivable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19,550
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redemption of investments at FVTPL
|
|
|
15,846
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Receipt of loan receivable
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
19,550
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease (increase) in amounts due from related parties
|
|
|
2,295
|
|
|
|
363
|
|
|
|
(397
|
)
|
|
|
(64
|
)
|
Investment income received
|
|
|
978
|
|
|
|
450
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(97,949
|
)
|
|
|
(283,889
|
)
|
|
|
(54,543
|
)
|
|
|
(8,782
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital contribution from non-controlling shareholder
|
|
|
1,050
|
|
|
|
384
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from partial disposal of subsidiaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,001
|
|
|
|
322
|
|
Proceeds from issue of new shares upon modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issue of shares upon initial public offering
|
|
|
303,148
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments of transaction costs attributable to issue of new shares
|
|
|
(20,377
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments for share repurchase
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(25,308
|
)
|
|
|
(4,075
|
)
|
Proceeds from exercise of share options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,477
|
|
|
|
399
|
|
Dividends paid to preference shareholders (note 12)
|
|
|
(9,750
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends paid
|
|
|
(13,000
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) from financing activities
|
|
|
261,073
|
|
|
|
384
|
|
|
|
(20,830
|
)
|
|
|
(3,354
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
296,409
|
|
|
|
(226,410
|
)
|
|
|
(2,084
|
)
|
|
|
(335
|
)
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
|
|
|
75,105
|
|
|
|
367,214
|
|
|
|
137,538
|
|
|
|
22,144
|
|
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on the balance of cash held in foreign currencies
|
|
|
(4,300
|
)
|
|
|
(3,266
|
)
|
|
|
(429
|
)
|
|
|
(69
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
|
|
|
367,214
|
|
|
|
137,538
|
|
|
|
135,025
|
|
|
|
21,740
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental information of non-cash transaction:
During the years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, acquisitions of property and equipment amounted to approximately RMB891,000,
RMB398,000 and RMB1,031,000, respectively, were unsettled and included in other payables.
F-7
SKY-MOBI LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1.
|
ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
|
Sky-mobi Limited (the Company) was incorporated as an exempted company with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands on April 20, 2007. The Company through its subsidiaries
(collectively referred to as the Group) is principally engaged in the operation of a mobile application platform embedded on mobile phones to provide mobile application store and services in the Peoples Republic of China (the
PRC). The address of the principal place of the Groups business is 10/F, Building B, United Building, No. 2 Zijinghua Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PRC. The Companys registered office is located at Cricket Square,
Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 2681, Grand Cayman KY1-1111, Cayman Islands.
The consolidated financial statements of the
Group are presented in Renminbi (RMB), which is the functional currency of the Company.
The Company holds its
interests in its operating subsidiaries through Hangzhou Dianneng Technologies Co., Ltd. (Dianneng) and Hangzhou Tiandian Investment Consulting Co., Ltd. (Tiandian) (collectively the PRC holding entities), which
were established in the PRC on December 24, 2009 and December 6, 2011, respectively. The Company does not conduct any substantive operations of its own, but conducts its primary business operation through Hangzhou Sky Network Technologies
Co., Ltd. (Sky), Hangzhou Mijia Technologies Co., Ltd. (Mijia), Hangzhou Fanyi Technologies Co., Ltd. (Fanyi), Hangzhou Feineng Technologies Co., Ltd. (Feineng), Hangzhou Miyi Technologies Co., Ltd.
(Miyi), Hangzhou Najia Technologies Co., Ltd. (Najia), Hangzhou Tianchu Technologies Co., Ltd. (Tianchu) and Hangzhou Sky Investment Co., Ltd. (Sky Investment) (collectively the PRC Operational
Entities, or the special purpose entities), which are controlled by Dianneng or Tiandian through certain contractual arrangements as of March 31, 2013. These special purpose entities (SPEs) hold the requisite
licenses and permits necessary to conduct the telecommunication business.
PRC laws and regulations restrict foreign ownership
of telecommunication businesses. To comply with these foreign ownership restrictions, Pusida (Beijing) Technologies Co., Ltd. (Pusida) entered into certain exclusive agreements with the equity holders of Mijia and Sky on August 1,
2007 and then Pusida transferred these exclusive agreements with the equity holders of Mijia and Sky to Dianneng on July 1, 2010. In addition, Dianneng entered into certain exclusive agreements with the equity holders of Fanyi, Feineng, Miyi,
Najia and Tianchu on December 24, 2009, December 3, 2010, November 30, 2012, November 30, 2012 and December 6, 2012, respectively. Tiandian entered into certain exclusive agreements with the equity holders of Sky
Investment on December 6, 2011. The exclusive agreements, namely, Exclusive Business Cooperation or Services Agreements, Purchase Option Agreements, Equity Pledge Agreements and Power of Attorney Agreements, taken as a whole, provide the
Company with the rights to receive substantially all of the economic benefits from each of the PRC Operational Entities. In addition, all the directors in each of the PRC Operational Entities shall be assigned by the Company. Accordingly, the
Company is able to monitor, supervise and effectively control the PRC Operational Entities businesses, operations and financial policies so as to use its power to affect the amount of returns to the Company. In addition, through such
agreements, the Company is able to acquire the equity interests in the PRC Operational Entities when permitted by PRC law.
In
determining whether the Group has the control over the SPEs, the Group believes the Groups rights under the terms of the purchase option agreements provide it with a substantive kick out right. More specifically, the Group believes the terms
of the purchase option agreements are valid, binding and enforceable under PRC laws and regulations currently in effect. A simple majority vote of the Groups board of directors is required to pass a resolution to exercise the Groups
rights under the purchase option agreements, for which consent of the shareholders of the SPEs is not required. The Groups rights under the purchase option agreements give the Group the power to control the shareholders of the SPEs and thus
the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the SPEs economic performance. In addition, the Groups rights under the powers of attorney also reinforce the Groups abilities to direct the activities that most
significantly impact the SPEs economic performance. The Group also believes that this ability to exercise control ensures that the SPEs will continue to execute and renew exclusive business cooperation or services agreements and pay service
fees to the Group. The exclusive business cooperation or services agreements can be renewed and may only be terminated at the Groups sole discretion. The Group has the sole discretion to determine the amounts of the technical and consulting
service fees. As a result, the Group believes that it has the rights to receive substantially all of the economic benefits from the SPEs.
F-8
Following is a summary of the material provisions of the aforementioned agreements:
Exclusive Business Cooperation or Services Agreements.
The equity owners of the SPEs have entered into service
agreements with the PRC holding entities under which SPEs engage the relevant PRC holding entities as their exclusive providers of technical and business support and strategy consulting services. SPEs shall pay to the relevant PRC holding entities
service fees and royalties. The PRC holding entities have the sole discretion to determine the amounts of the service fee. Each agreement has a term of 10 years or 20 years and is renewable at the PRC holding entities sole discretion.
Purchase Option Agreements.
The equity owners of the relevant SPEs have granted the relevant PRC holding
entities or their designees an exclusive option to purchase all or part of their equity interests in the relevant SPEs, or all or part of the assets of the relevant SPEs, for a purchase price equal to the registered capital of the relevant SPEs or
such higher price as required under PRC law at the time of purchase, at any time determined by the relevant PRC holding entities and to the extent permitted by PRC law. Also each relevant shareholder has agreed not to transfer, assign, pledge or
otherwise dispose of their interest in the relevant SPE without the prior written consent of the relevant PRC holding entities. Except for the purchase option agreement for Fanyi which has a term of 10 years and is renewable at Diannengs sole
discretion, the purchase option agreements for other SPEs will terminate when the equity interests in those SPEs are legally transferred to the relevant PRC holding entities or their designees.
Equity Pledge Agreements.
The equity owners of the SPEs pledge their respective equity interest in the relevant SPEs, to
certain of the PRC holding entities to secure their obligations under the respective exclusive business cooperation or services agreements. The equity pledge agreements are continuously effective until the full performance of the contractual
obligations and the full repayment of the liabilities under the exclusive cooperation or services agreements.
Power of
Attorney.
The equity owners of the SPEs have executed a power of attorney to irrevocably grant to PRC holding entities or their designees the power of attorney to exercise all of their rights as shareholders of SPEs, including the right to
declare dividends, appoint and elect board members and senior management members and other voting rights. The power of attorney for Fanyi does not contain any expiration provision. Each power of attorney of the remaining SPEs has a term of 10 years
or 20 years and is renewable at the PRC holding entities sole discretion.
Effective control over the PRC Operational
Entities businesses was transferred to the Company through the series of contractual arrangements without transferring legal ownership in the PRC Operational Entities. As a result of these contractual arrangements, the Company has the ability
to approve decisions made by the PRC Operational Entities and is entitled to substantially all of the associated economic benefits. Accordingly, the Company consolidates the PRC Operational Entities.
Risks in relation to the SPE structure are disclosed in Note 4.
In November 2010, the Company approved a 200-for-1 share split on both its common and preferred shares. Subsequent to the split, the Company had authorized 937,857,200 common shares with a par value
of US$0.00005 per share and 62,142,800 Series A Shares with a par value of US$0.00005 per share. All share and per share data has been retroactively restated to reflect this split.
F-9
The Company had direct and indirect interests in the following major subsidiaries and
consolidated SPEs:
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Company name
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Place and
date
of
establishment/
incorporation
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Portion of economic ownership
interest and
voting power held
at
March 31,
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Principal activities
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2011
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2012
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2013
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Subsidiaries:
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Pusida
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PRC
June 12,
2007
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Provision of management consultancy and technical services. Dormant since July 1, 2010.
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Dianneng
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PRC
December 24,
2009
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Provision of management consultancy and technical services
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Profit Star Software (Hong Kong) Limited (Profit Star HK)
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Hong Kong
May 25,
2010
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Intermediary investment holding
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JSky Technology Limited (JSky)
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Cayman
August 9,
2011
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Nil
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60
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%
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60
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%
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Provision of mobile application services
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Powerplay Technology Limited (Powerplay)
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Hong Kong
September 14,
2011
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Nil
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Provision of mobile application services
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Tiandian
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PRC
December 6,
2011
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Nil
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Investment and consulting
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Shanghai Texuan Information Technologies Co., Ltd. (Texuan)
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PRC
March 6,
2012
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Nil
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Development of mobile application software
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Consolidated SPEs:
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Sky
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PRC
November 21,
2005
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Development of mobile application software and provision of mobile application services
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Mijia
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PRC
January 12,
2007
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Provision of mobile application services
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Fanyi
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PRC
July 13,
2009
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Provision of mobile application services
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Feineng
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PRC
December 3,
2010
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Provision of mobile application services
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Sky Investment
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PRC
December 6,
2011
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Nil
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Investment and consulting
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Miyi
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PRC
August 24,
2012
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Nil
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Nil
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100
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%
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Provision of mobile application services
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Najia
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PRC
August 24,
2012
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Nil
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Nil
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100
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%
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Provision of mobile application services
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Tianchu
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PRC
October 15,
2012
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Nil
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Nil
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100
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%
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Provision of mobile application services
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The above table lists the subsidiaries and consolidated SPEs of the Group which, in the opinion of the
Directors, principally affected the results or assets of the Group. To give details of other subsidiaries would, in the opinion of the directors, result in particulars of excessive length.
F-10
2.
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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
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Statement of compliance
The Groups consolidated financial
statements comply with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
Basis of preparation
The Groups consolidated financial
statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments, which are measured at fair value as explained in the accounting policies set out below. Historical cost is generally based on fair value of the
consideration given in exchange of assets, goods or services.
Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities, including SPEs, controlled by the
Company (its subsidiaries). Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.
The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income
from the effective date of acquisition and up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate.
All intra-group
transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation.
Non-controlling interests in
subsidiaries are presented separately from the Groups equity.
Changes in the Groups ownership interests in
existing subsidiaries
Changes in the Groups ownership interests in existing subsidiaries that do not result in
the Group losing control over the subsidiaries are accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amounts of the Groups interests and the non-controlling interests are adjusted to reflect the changes in their relative interests in the
subsidiaries. Any difference between the amount by which the non-controlling interests are adjusted and the fair value of the consideration paid or received is recognized directly in equity and attributed to owners of the Company.
When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, it (i) derecognizes the assets (including any goodwill) and liabilities of the
subsidiary at their carrying amounts at the date when control is lost, (ii) derecognizes the carrying amount of any non-controlling interests in the former subsidiary at the date when control is lost (including any components of other
comprehensive income attributable to them), and (iii) recognizes the aggregate of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest, with any resulting difference being recognize as a gain or loss in
profit or loss attributable to the Group. When assets of the subsidiary are carried at revalued amounts or fair values and the related cumulative gain or loss has been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity, the amounts
previously recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets. The fair value of any investment retained in the former subsidiary at the date when control
is lost is regarded as the fair value on initial recognition for subsequent accounting under IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement or, when applicable, the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or a jointly
controlled entity.
Investments in associates
An associate is an entity over which the Group has significant influence and that is neither a subsidiary nor an interest in a joint
venture. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those policies.
The results and assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in the consolidated financial statements using the equity method of
accounting. Under the equity method, investments in associates are carried in the consolidated statements of financial position at cost as adjusted for post-acquisition changes in the Groups share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive
income of the associate, less any impairment in the value of the investment. When the Groups share of the loss of an associate equals or exceeds its interest in that associate, the Group discontinues recognizing its share of further losses. An
additional share of losses is provided for and a liability is recognized only to the extent that the Group has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of that associate.
F-11
Any excess of the cost of the investment in associates over the amount of the Groups
share of net fair value of the net assets of the associates at the date of acquisition is included in the carrying amount of the investment. The requirements of IAS 39 are applied to determine whether it is necessary to recognise any impairment loss
with respect to the Groups investment in an associate. The Group assesses the impairment of the investments in associates by considering factors including, but not limited to, current economic and market conditions, operating performance of
the companies, including current earnings trends and undiscounted cash flows, and other company-specific information, such as recent financing rounds. When necessary, the entire carrying amount of the investment (including goodwill) is tested for
impairment in accordance with IAS 36 Impairment of Assets as a single asset by comparing its recoverable amount (higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell) with its carrying amount. Any reversal of impairment loss is recognized to the
extent that the recoverable amount of the investment subsequently increases.
When a group entity transacts with an associate
of the Group, profits and losses resulting from the transactions with the associates are recognized in the Groups consolidated financial statements only to the extent of the Groups interest in the relevant associate that are not related
to the Group.
Revenue recognition
Application Store Revenues
Revenue is recognized when it is probable that
the economic benefits will flow to the Group, the revenue can be measured reliably and collectability is reasonably assured.
The Group generates revenue principally from the sale of a wide range of mobile applications and contents, such as single-player games,
mobile music and books, mobile social games, social network functions and other contents, to mobile handset users. Customers can download and purchase the mobile applications and contents from the Groups application store, Maopao Platform. The
mobile application store is a platform that allows users of mobile phones to browse and download applications and content. The Group has cooperation agreements with handset companies to pre-install the Maopao Platform on mobile handsets before they
reach users. The applications and contents are predominantly delivered to customers through mobile network operators in China. The Group contracts with mobile service providers, who further contract with and utilize mobile network operators
billing channels, to collect payment from the Groups customers on behalf of the Group. In the year ended March 31, 2013, the Company started to contract directly with a mobile network operator in China. Mobile service providers and mobile
network operators, through the mobile service providers, are entitled to commissions, which are a percentage of the gross fees collected from the Groups customers by the mobile network operators.
For application store revenues from the sale of applications and contents, the Group recognizes revenue on a gross basis at the time when
each application or content is successfully downloaded and the collectability is reasonably assured. The Group recognizes the commissions retained by mobile service providers and mobile network operators as a cost of revenues in the consolidated
statements of comprehensive income.
Users purchase in-game virtual premium items in certain single-player games. As the
virtual items are immediately consumed, revenue is recognized upon consumption.
Maopao Community Revenues through K Currency
The Group offers its own virtual currency, or K Currency, for members of its Maopao Community to purchase in-game
virtual items in its community-based applications, including mobile social games and social network applications. Such revenues are called Maopao Community revenues through K Currency.
As an alternative to utilizing mobile service providers, the Group also contracts with independent payment processing agents to process
prepaid cards or online payment solutions into customer accounts. Customer accounts are charged up with cash credit, which may be converted into K Currency. The majority of Maopao Community revenues are collected through K Currency. The
payment processing agents are entitled to a commission for processing customer prepayments.
Maopao Community revenues through
K Currency are derived from the purchase of in-game virtual items having an unlimited life. Such revenues are initially deferred and are subsequently recognized following the historical user retention pattern over the estimated consumption period of
the durable virtual items, ranging from one to 12 months. The user retention pattern and consumption period are estimated based on the historical data and log-in patterns of paying users, including the average period paying users typically stay
active in the Maopao Community. The Group assesses these estimates at the end of every reporting period.
F-12
Other Revenue
The Group allows mobile service providers and mobile network operators to sell their mobile applications to mobile users through the Groups Maopao Platform. The Group charges the mobile service
providers and mobile network operators a commission based on a percentage of the revenue earned from those applications. The Group recognizes revenue upon receipt of monthly statements from the mobile service providers and mobile network operators.
The Group also generates application store revenues from overseas countries through overseas mobile service providers in the
same way disclosed above. The Group recognizes such revenue upon receipt of acknowledgement of successful downloads from these mobile service providers.
Cost of revenues
Cost of revenues primarily includes commissions
paid to mobile service providers, mobile network operators, content providers, handset companies and independent payment processing agents. Cost of revenues also includes staff salaries, utilities, depreciation of equipment, and office expenses
directly related to the operation of the Maopao Platform. The Group usually pays content providers a percentage of the proceeds that are derived from their content. For certain applications and content titles, the Group makes an insignificant
one-time payment to the content provider to acquire all associated rights, all of which are recorded as cost of revenues at the time of payment because such applications and content titles usually have short life cycles and the acquisition cost for
each application or content title is relatively low.
Approximately RMB8.3 million, RMB27.3 million and nil accrued costs
payable for content and handset software design were reversed into cost of revenues upon the expiration of the statute of limitations in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Such accrued costs originated from the
incomplete data provided by mobile network operators prior to March 2010.
Leases
Leases are classified as operating leases unless the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to
the lessee, which would be classified as finance leases.
The Group as lessee
Operating lease payments are recognized as expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Foreign currencies
In preparing the financial statements of each group entity, transactions in currencies other than the functional currency, which is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity
operates, of that entity, or foreign currency, are recorded in the respective entities functional currency at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At the end of the reporting period, monetary items denominated in
foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.
Exchange differences arising from the settlement of monetary items, and the retranslation of monetary items are recognized in profit or
loss in the period in which they arise.
Government grants
Government grants are not recognized until there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attaching to them
and that the grants will be received.
Government grants are recognized in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the
periods in which the Group recognizes as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate. Specifically, government grants whose primary condition is that the Group should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire
non-current assets are recognized as deferred revenue in the consolidated statements of financial position and transferred to profit or loss on a systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related assets.
F-13
Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already
incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Group with no future related costs are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they become receivable.
Share-based payments
The fair value of services received determined by reference to the fair value of share options granted at the grant date is expensed on a graded basis over the vesting period with a corresponding increase
in equity.
The Group reviews its estimate of the number of options that are expected to ultimately vest. The impact of the
revision of the estimates during the vesting period, if any, is recognized in profit or loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to reserves.
At the time when the share options are exercised, the amount previously recognized in reserves will be transferred to share premium. When
the share options are forfeited after the vesting date or are still not exercised at the expiry date, the amount previously recognized in reserve will be transferred to accumulated deficit.
Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit before tax as reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income because it excludes
items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Groups liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the
end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and
liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are
generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are
not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and associates,
except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary differences
associated with such investments are only recognized to the extent that it is probable that there will be sufficient taxable profits against which to utilize the benefits of the temporary differences and they are expected to reverse in the
foreseeable future.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to
the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset is realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws)
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Group expects, at the end of the
reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Current and deferred tax are
recognized in profit or loss.
Research and development expenses
Expenditure on research activities is recognized as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. An internally-generated intangible
asset arising from development, or from the development phase of an internal project, is recognized if all of the following have been demonstrated:
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the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale;
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F-14
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the intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it;
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the ability to use or sell the intangible asset;
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how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits;
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the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset; and
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the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.
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The amount initially recognized for an internally-generated intangible asset is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when
the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above.
Subsequent to initial recognition, an
internally-generated intangible asset is measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses (if any), on the same basis as intangible assets acquired separately.
The Group currently expenses internal and external development costs incurred as all current development costs do not fulfill the above
conditions.
Property and equipment
Property and equipment are stated in the consolidated statements of financial position at cost less subsequent accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
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Electronic equipment
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2-10 years
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Furniture
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5 years
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Office equipment
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3 years
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Leasehold improvements
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the shorter of the lease term or 3 years
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Motor vehicles
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5 years
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The useful lives of the property and equipment are evaluated annually. An item of property and equipment
is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset is included in profit or loss in the period in which the item is
derecognized.
Impairment of tangible assets
At the end of the reporting period, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible assets to determine whether there is any
indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indicator exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss, if any. Recoverable amount is defined as the
higher of an assets fair value, less cost to sell, and its value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of
the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted. If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset
is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized as an expense immediately.
F-15
Cash and cash equivalents/Term deposits
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and in banks and other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of
three months or less which are not restricted as to use. Term deposits represent bank deposits with original maturities of over three months but less than one year when purchased.
Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities,
other than financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs
directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognized immediately in profit or loss.
Financial assets
The Groups financial assets are classified into
loans and receivables, financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) and available-for-sale financial assets. The classification depends on the nature and purpose of the financial assets and is determined at the time of
initial recognition. Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. Loans and receivables, including cash and cash equivalents, term deposits, loan receivable,
trade and other receivables and amounts due from related parties, are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any identified impairment, unless the effect of discounting is not material, in which case they are carried at
cost, less any identified impairment.
A financial asset may be designated as FVTPL upon initial recognition if:
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such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise; or
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the financial asset forms part of a group of financial assets or financial liabilities or both, which is managed and its performance is evaluated on a
fair value basis, in accordance with the Groups documented risk management or investment strategy, and information about the grouping is provided internally on that basis; or
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it forms part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivatives, and IAS 39 permits the entire combined contract (asset or liability) to be
designated as FVTPL.
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Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value, with changes in fair value
recognized directly in profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognized in profit or loss excludes any dividend or interest earned on the financial assets which is included in other gains and losses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive
income.
Available-for-sale financial assets (AFS financial assets)
As at March 31, 2013, the Groups AFS financial assets are equity investments in two unlisted companies, established in the PRC,
with 5% (RMB800,000) and 1% (RMB100,000) interests in them, respectively; and an investment in a limited partnership of venture capital fund with investment amount of RMB6,267,000 (US$1,000,000).
Dividends on AFS equity instruments are recognized in profit or loss when the Groups right to receive the dividends is established.
AFS equity investments that do not have a quoted market price in an active market and whose fair value cannot be reliably
measured are measured at cost less any identified impairment losses at the end of each reporting period.
Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets, other than those at FVTPL, are assessed for indicators of impairment at the end of the reporting period
or when there is objective evidence that an impairment may exist. Financial assets are considered to be impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial
asset, the estimated future cash flows of the financial assets have been affected. Objective evidence of impairment could include:
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significant financial difficulty of the issuer or counterparty,
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default or delinquency in interest or principal payments, or
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it becoming probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganization.
|
F-16
For certain categories of financial assets, such as trade receivables, assets that are
assessed not to be impaired individually are subsequently assessed for impairment on a collective basis. Objective evidence of impairment for a portfolio of receivables could include the Groups past experience of collecting payments, an
increase in the number of delayed payments in the portfolio past the average credit period of 90 days and observable changes in national or local economic conditions that correlate with default on receivables.
For financial assets carried at amortized cost, an impairment loss is recognized in profit or loss and is measured as the difference
between the assets carrying amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the financial assets original effective interest rate.
The carrying amount of the financial asset is reduced by the impairment loss directly for all financial assets with the exception of trade receivables, where the carrying amount is reduced through the use
of an allowance account. Changes in the carrying amount of the allowance account are recognized in profit or loss. When a trade receivable is considered uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance account. Subsequent recoveries of amounts
previously written off are credited to profit or loss.
For financial assets measured at amortized cost, if, in a subsequent
period, the amount of impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized, the previously recognized impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss to the extent
that the carrying amount of the asset at the date the impairment is reversed does not exceed what the amortized cost would have been had the impairment not been recognized.
For financial assets carried at cost, the amount of impairment loss is measured as the difference between the assets carrying amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flow,
discounted at the current market rate of return for similar financial assets. Such impairment loss will not be reversed in subsequent period.
Financial liabilities and equity instruments
Financial liabilities
and equity instruments issued by a group entity are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after deducting all of its
liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Group are recognized at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Repurchase of the Companys own equity instruments is recognized and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is
recognized in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Companys own equity instruments. The Groups financial liabilities are generally classified into financial liabilities at FVTPL and other financial
liabilities.
Financial liabilities at FVTPL
Financial liabilities at FVTPL are comprised of convertible redeemable preferred shares and warrants, which are measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized directly in profit or loss.
Convertible redeemable preferred shares are redeemable and convertible into common shares at the option of the holder or
automatically upon an initial public offering (see note 20). The conversion option that will be settled other than by the exchange of a fixed amount of cash or another financial asset for a fixed number of the Companys own equity
instruments are considered as embedded derivatives not closely related to the host contract. The Group has elected to designate its convertible redeemable preferred shares with embedded derivatives as financial liabilities at FVTPL on initial
recognition as the convertible redeemable preferred shares contain one or more embedded derivatives.
Other financial liabilities
Other financial liabilities, including trade and other payables and amounts due to related parties, are subsequently
measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest method unless the effect of discounting is not material, in which case, they are carried at cost.
Effective interest method
The effective interest method is a method of
calculating the amortized cost of a financial asset or financial liability and of allocating interest income or interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts
or payments through the expected life of the financial asset or liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition
F-17
Interest expense is recognized on an effective interest basis other than those financial
liabilities classified at FVTPL, of which the interest expense is included in change in fair value of financial liabilities designated at FVTPL.
Derecognition
The Group derecognizes a financial asset only when the
contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another entity. On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the
difference between the assets carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is recognized in profit or loss.
Financial liabilities are derecognized when the obligation is discharged, cancelled or expires. The difference between the carrying
amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid is recognized in profit or loss.
Translation
into United States Dollars
The financial statements of the Group are stated in RMB. Translations of amounts from RMB
into U.S. dollars are solely for the convenience of the reader and were calculated at the rate of US$1.00 = RMB6.2108, on March 29, 2013, as set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board. The translation is not
intended to imply that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into U.S. dollars at that rate on March 29, 2013, or at any other rate.
3.
|
APPLICATION OF NEW INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS
|
In the current year, the Group has applied the following amendments issued by the IASB.
|
|
|
Amendments to IAS 12
|
|
Deferred Tax: Recovery of Underlying Assets; and
|
Amendments to IFRS 7
|
|
Financial Instruments: Disclosures-Transfers of Financial Assets
|
The application of the amendments in the current year did not have a material effect on the amounts
reported in these consolidated financial statements and/or disclosures set out in these consolidated financial statements.
The Group has not early adopted the following new and revised standards, amendments or interpretations that have been issued but are not
yet effective.
In May 2011, a package of five standards on consolidation, joint arrangements, associates and disclosures was
issued, including IFRS 10
Consolidated Financial Statements
, IFRS 11
Joint Arrangements
, IFRS
12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities
, IAS 27
Separate Financial Statement (as revised in 2011)
and IAS 28
Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (as revised in 2011)
.
IFRS 10 replaces the parts of IAS 27 that deal with
consolidated financial statements and SIC 12
Consolidation Special Purpose Entities
will be withdrawn upon the effective date of IFRS 10. Under IFRS 10, there is only one basis for consolidation, that is, control. In addition, IFRS 10
includes a new definition of control that contains three elements: (a) power over an investee, (b) exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, and (c) the ability to use its power over the investee
to affect the amount of the investors returns. Extensive guidance has been added in IFRS 10 to deal with complex scenarios.
IFRS 12 is a disclosure standard and is applicable to entities that have interests in subsidiaries, joint arrangements, associates and/or unconsolidated structured entities. In general, the disclosure
requirements in IFRS 12 are more extensive than those in the current standards.
In July 2012, the amendments to IFRS 10, IFRS
11 and IFRS 12 were issued to clarify certain transitional guidance on the application of these IFRSs for the first time.
These five standards, together with the amendments relating to the transitional guidance, are effective for annual periods beginning on
or after January 1, 2013 with earlier application permitted provided that all of these five standards are applied at the same time. The directors anticipate that the application of these five standards will be adopted in the Groups
consolidated financial statements for the annual period beginning April 1, 2013. The directors anticipate that the application of these five standards will have no material effect on the Groups consolidated financial statements.
F-18
IFRS 13
Fair Value Measurement
establishes a single source of guidance for fair value
measurements and disclosures about fair value measurements. The standard defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. The scope of IFRS 13 is broad; it applies to both
financial instrument items and non-financial instrument items for which other IFRSs require or permit fair value measurements and disclosures about fair value measurements, except in specified circumstances. In general, the disclosure requirements
in IFRS 13 are more extensive than those in the current standards. For example, quantitative and qualitative disclosures based on the three-level fair value hierarchy currently required for financial instruments only under IFRS 7
Financial
Instruments: Disclosures
will be extended by IFRS 13 to cover all assets and liabilities within its scope.
IFRS 13 is
effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, with earlier application permitted. The directors anticipate that the application of IFRS 13 will have no material effect on the Groups consolidated financial statements.
The amendments to IAS 1
Presentation of Items of Other Comprehensive Income
introduce new terminology for the
statement of comprehensive income. Under the amendments to IAS 1, a statement of comprehensive income is renamed as a statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The amendments to IAS 1 retain the option to
present profit or loss and other comprehensive income in either a single statement or in two separate but consecutive statements. However, the amendments to IAS 1 require items of other comprehensive income to be grouped into two categories:
(a) items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss; and (b) items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss when specific conditions are met. Income tax on items of other comprehensive income is required
to be allocated on the same basis - the amendments do not change the option to present items of other comprehensive income either before tax or net of tax.
The amendments to IAS 1 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2012. The directors anticipate that the application of the amendments to IAS 1 will have no material effect on
the Groups consolidated financial statements.
IFRS 9
Financial Instruments (as issued in November 2009)
introduces new requirements for the classification and measurement of financial assets. IFRS 9 amended in 2010 includes the requirements for the classification and measurement of financial liabilities and for derecognition.
Under IFRS 9, all recognized financial assets that are within the scope of IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and
Measurement are subsequently measured at amortized cost or fair value. Specifically, debt investments that are held within a business model whose objective is to collect the contractual cash flows, and that have contractual cash flows that are
solely payments of principal and interest on the principal outstanding are generally measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. All other debt investments and equity investments are measured at their fair values at the
end of subsequent accounting periods.
With regard to the measurement of financial liabilities designated as at fair value
through profit or loss, IFRS 9 requires that the amount of change in the fair value of the financial liability that is attributable to changes in the credit risk of that liability is presented in other comprehensive income, unless the recognition of
the effects of changes in the liabilitys credit risk in other comprehensive income would create or enlarge an accounting mismatch in profit or loss. Changes in fair value of financial liabilities attributable to changes in the financial
liabilities credit risk are not subsequently reclassified to profit or loss. Under IAS 39, the entire amount of the change in the fair value of the financial liability designated as fair value through profit or loss was presented in profit or
loss.
IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2015, with earlier application permitted.
Based on the Groups financial assets and financial liabilities as at 31 March 2013, the directors anticipate that the adoption of IFRS 9 in the future will affect the classification and measurement of the Groups available-for-sale
investments and is not likely to have significant impact on the amounts of the Groups other financial assets and liabilities. Regarding the Groups available-for-sale investments, it is not practicable to provide a reasonable estimate of
that effect until a detailed review has been completed. The directors have not yet performed a detailed analysis of the impact of the application of IFRS 9 and hence have not yet quantified the extent of the impact.
4.
|
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY
|
In the application of the Groups accounting policies, which are described in note 2, the Company is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets
and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
F-19
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to
accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
Critical judgments in applying the entitys accounting policies
The following are the critical judgments that the directors have made in the process of applying the entitys accounting policies and
that have the most significant effect in the amounts recognized in financial statements.
Contractual arrangements with SPEs
The Group believes that its contractual arrangements with Sky, Mijia, Fanyi, Feineng, Sky Investment, Miyi, Najia and
Tianchu are in compliance with PRC law and are legally enforceable. The shareholders of the consolidated SPEs are also shareholders or senior managements of the Group and therefore the Group believes that they have no current interest in seeking to
act contrary to the contractual arrangements. However, the consolidated SPEs and their shareholders may fail to take certain actions required for the Groups business or to follow the Groups instructions despite their contractual
obligations to do so. Furthermore, if the SPEs or their shareholders do not act in the best interests of the Group under the contractual arrangements and any dispute relating to these contractual arrangements remains unresolved, the Group will have
to enforce its rights under these contractual arrangements through the operations of PRC law and courts and therefore will be subject to uncertainties in the PRC legal system. All of these contractual arrangements are governed by PRC law and provide
for the resolution of disputes through arbitration in the PRC. Accordingly, these contracts would be interpreted in accordance with PRC law and any disputes would be resolved in accordance with PRC legal procedures. As a result, uncertainties in the
PRC legal system could limit the Groups ability to enforce these contractual arrangements, which may make it difficult to exert effective control over the Groups consolidated SPEs, and its ability to conduct the Groups business may
be adversely affected.
If the legal structure and contractual arrangements were found to be in violation of PRC laws and
regulations, the PRC government could:
|
|
|
Revoke the business and operating licenses of the PRC holding entities, SPEs and their subsidiaries;
|
|
|
|
Discontinue or restrict the operations of any related-party transactions among the PRC holding entities, SPEs and their
subsidiaries;
|
|
|
|
Impose fines or other requirements on the PRC holding entities, SPEs and their subsidiaries;
|
|
|
|
Require the Company or PRC holding entities, SPEs and their subsidiaries to revise the relevant ownership structure or restructure operations; and/or
|
|
|
|
Restrict or prohibit the Companys use of the proceeds of the additional public offering to finance the Groups business and operations in
China.
|
The Companys ability to conduct its business may be negatively affected if the PRC government
were to carry out of any of the aforementioned actions. As a result, the Company may not be able to consolidate the SPEs in its consolidated financial statements as it may lose the ability to exert effective control over the SPEs and their
shareholders, and it may lose the ability to receive economic benefits from the SPEs.
Certain equity holders of the SPEs are
also shareholders of the Company. The interests of the equity holders of the SPEs may diverge from shareholders of the Company and that may potentially increase the risk that they would seek to act contrary to the contractual terms, for example by
influencing the SPEs not to pay the service fees when required to do so. The Company cannot assure that when conflicts of interest arise, equity holders of the SPEs will act in the best interests of the Company or that conflicts of interests will be
resolved in the Companys favor. Currently, the Company does not have existing arrangements to address potential conflicts of interest the equity holders of the SPEs may encounter in their capacity as beneficial owners and directors of the
SPEs. The Company believes the equity holders of the SPEs will not act contrary to any of the contractual arrangements which provide the Company with a mechanism to remove the current equity holders of the SPEs as beneficial shareholders of the SPEs
should they act to the detriment of the Company. The Company relies on the current equity holders of SPEs, as directors and executive officers of the Company, to fulfill their fiduciary duties and abide by laws of the PRC and Cayman Islands and act
in the best interest of the Company. If the Company cannot resolve any conflicts of interest or disputes between the Company and the equity holders of the SPEs, the Company would have to rely on legal proceedings, which could result in disruption of
its business, and there is substantial uncertainty as to the outcome of any such legal proceedings.
F-20
The Companys ability to control the SPEs also depends on the power of attorney that
the PRC holding entities have to vote on all matters requiring shareholder approval in the SPEs. As noted above, the Company believes this power of attorney is legally enforceable but may not be as effective as direct equity ownership.
The following is the summarized financial information of the Groups SPEs which was included in the Companys consolidated
financial statements:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
298,006
|
|
|
|
391,235
|
|
|
|
442,741
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
380,924
|
|
|
|
466,316
|
|
|
|
522,704
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
90,832
|
|
|
|
83,726
|
|
|
|
119,532
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
97,364
|
|
|
|
93,764
|
|
|
|
128,594
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
|
672,136
|
|
|
|
678,228
|
|
|
|
576,060
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
47,685
|
|
|
|
27,829
|
|
|
|
13,538
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The SPEs contributed an aggregate of 99.5%, 98.9% and 95.8% of the consolidated revenues for the years
ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The Companys operations not conducted through contractual arrangements with the SPEs primarily consist of its overseas business. As of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the SPEs
accounted for an aggregate of 58.0%, 64.9% and 70.5%, respectively, of the consolidated total assets, and 62.8%, 67.7% and 91.8%, respectively, of the consolidated total liabilities. The assets not associated with the SPEs primarily consist of the
cash and cash equivalents held by the offshore companies and PRC holding entities.
Key sources of estimation
uncertainty
Following are the key assumptions and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the
reporting period that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.
Maopao Community Revenues through K Currency
Maopao Community revenues
through K Currency are derived from the purchase of in-game virtual items having an unlimited life. Such revenues are initially deferred and are subsequently recognized following the historical user retention pattern over the estimated consumption
period of the durable virtual items, ranging from one to 12 months. The user retention pattern and consumption period are estimated based on the historical data and log-in patterns of paying users, including the average period paying users typically
stay active in the Maopao Community. Future paying user usage patterns and behavior may differ from the historical usage patterns and therefore the estimated average playing periods are assessed at the end of every reporting period and may change in
the future.
Recognition of deferred tax assets
As at March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the carrying amount of deferred tax assets of the Group are approximately RMB6,656,000, RMB2,210,000 and RMB1,765,000, respectively. No deferred tax asset has
been recognized in respect of tax losses of RMB29,663,000, RMB37,998,000 and RMB37,008,000 as at March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 due to the unpredictability of future profit streams. The recognition of deferred tax assets is based upon whether it
is more likely than not that sufficient taxable profit will be available in the future, against which the reversal of temporary differences can be deducted. Recognition, therefore, involves judgment regarding the future financial performance of the
particular legal entity or tax group in which the deferred tax asset has been recognized. In cases where the actual future profits generated are less or more than expected, a material reversal or recognition of deferred tax assets may arise, which
would be recognized in profit or loss for the period in which such a reversal or recognition takes place.
F-21
Share-based compensation
The Group records share-based compensation based on the grant date fair value of the option awards which is computed using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes model requires the
input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility, expected option terms, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield. Management also estimates and reviews the forfeiture rates periodically, which may also affect
the expense recognized in profit or loss.
Capital risk management
The primary objective of the Groups capital management is to safeguard the Groups ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can provide an adequate return to shareholders by pricing
its services commensurately with the level of risk. The Groups overall strategy remains unchanged during the reporting periods.
The capital structure of the Group consists of equity attributable to owners of the Company, which includes share capital and reserves.
The Group reviews the capital structure regularly and considers the cost of capital and the risks associated with each class of capital
and, to the extent necessary, balances its overall capital structure through the payment of dividends, repurchase of share and issuance of new shares.
Categories of financial instruments
The carrying amounts of
financial assets and financial liabilities are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized cost
|
|
|
604,083
|
|
|
|
673,046
|
|
|
|
685,824
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Available-for-sale investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
|
7,167
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized cost
|
|
|
69,386
|
|
|
|
76,905
|
|
|
|
82,289
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial risk management objectives and policies
Foreign currency risk management
The Group mainly operates in the PRC with most of its transactions settled in RMB. The foreign currency risk is mainly attributable to the Groups U.S. dollar (US$) bank account
balances. The carrying amount of the US$ bank account balances was approximately RMB74,789,000 and RMB89,465,000 and RMB87,220,000 as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The Group has not used any forward contracts, currency
borrowings or other means to hedge its foreign currency risk exposure.
If the RMB exchange rate against the US$ had
strengthened or weakened by 5% with all other variables held constant, the carrying value of bank accounts denominated in US$ would have decreased or increased by RMB3,739,000, RMB4,473,000 and RMB4,361,000 as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013,
respectively, with a corresponding decrease or increase in net profit for the respective years. The sensitivity analysis only details the Groups sensitivity to a 5% appreciation and depreciation in RMB, against the foreign currency, US$. The
5% figure is the sensitivity rate used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to key management personnel and represents managements assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rate.
F-22
Interest rate risk management
The Group has exposure to cash flow interest rate risk due to the fluctuation of the variable interest rates associated with its cash and
cash equivalents and loan receivable which are based on prevailing market interest rates. Currently, the Group does not have a specific policy to manage their interest rate risk. The Group does not have significant exposure to cash flow interest
rate risk as at March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 as the interest rates have not fluctuated significantly in recent years.
Credit risk management
The Groups maximum exposure to credit risks is equivalent to the total carrying amount of trade and other receivables, amounts due from related parties, cash and cash equivalents, term deposits and
available-for-sale investments of RMB604,083,000, RMB673,946,000 and RMB692,991,000 as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
Collection of the Groups revenues is substantially done through mobile service providers with whom the Group has co-operative service agreements. The total carrying amount of trade receivables from
mobile service providers was RMB81,398,000, RMB81,681,000 and RMB36,828,000, respectively, as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013. The Group also had nil, RMB7,157,000 and RMB28,196,000 trade receivables from mobile network operators as of
March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively, and the credit risk of these receivables were very low. In order to minimize the credit risk of trade receivables from mobile service providers, the Group assesses the credit worthiness of the mobile
service providers prior to contracting with them. In addition, the Group allocates revenue payments among mobile service providers based on their payment history and the assessment of their relationship with the mobile network operators which will
impact the mobile service providers ability to pay. The Group further monitors the subsequent performance of the mobile service providers in order to mitigate collection risk going forward. In addition, the Group reviews the recoverable amount
of each individual trade receivable at the end of each reporting period to determine if provision should be made for uncollectible amounts.
The Group has concentration of credit risks with exposure limited to certain mobile service providers and mobile network operators. As at March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, ten mobile service providers
or mobile network operators accounted for approximately RMB53,253,000, RMB64,812,000 and RMB51,892,000, or 65%, 73% and 80% of the Groups trade receivables, respectively. The Group closely monitors the subsequent settlement of trade
receivables and does not grant long credit periods to the counterparties.
The Groups cash and cash equivalents and term
deposits are held by large banks established in the PRC and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The Group does not expect any losses arising from non-performance of these financial institutions.
Liquidity risk
The Group monitors and attempts to maintain a level of cash and cash equivalents adequate to finance the Groups operations and mitigate the effects of fluctuations in cash flows.
The following tables present the maturities of the Groups financial liabilities based upon the undiscounted cash flows of financial
liabilities assuming payment on the earliest date on which the Group can be required to pay. The table includes both interest, if any, and principal cash flows.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On demand or
less than
1 month
|
|
|
Total undiscounted
cash flow and
carrying amount
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2011
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade and other payables
|
|
|
68,491
|
|
|
|
68,491
|
|
Amounts due to related parties
|
|
|
895
|
|
|
|
895
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
69,386
|
|
|
|
69,386
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2012
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade and other payables
|
|
|
76,034
|
|
|
|
76,034
|
|
Amounts due to related parties
|
|
|
871
|
|
|
|
871
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
76,905
|
|
|
|
76,905
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade and other payables
|
|
|
78,235
|
|
|
|
78,235
|
|
Amounts due to related parties
|
|
|
4,054
|
|
|
|
4,054
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
82,289
|
|
|
|
82,289
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-23
Fair value
The carrying amounts of all financial assets (except for the AFS equity investments) and financial liabilities as at March 31, 2011,
2012 and 2013 are recorded at amortized cost, using the effective interest method unless the effect of discounting is not material, in which case, they are carried at cost. Such amounts approximate their fair value.
Fair value measurement recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position
Financial instrument that are measured at fair value are grouped into Levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is
observable.
Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for
identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices
included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
The convertible redeemable preferred shares and warrants of the Group were measured at fair value as at April 1, 2010
and were categorized as Level 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is observable. There were no transfers between Level 1 and 2 in the period presented. A reconciliation from the beginning balance to the ending balance of
Level 3 fair value measurements of financial liabilities is presented in Note 20.
In addition, the investment at FVTPL
was also measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period and is categorized as Level 3. A reconciliation of Level 3 fair value measurements of financial assets is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
At April 1, 2010
|
|
|
15,442
|
|
Total gain included in profit or loss
|
|
|
404
|
|
Redemption
|
|
|
(15,846
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.
|
REVENUES AND SEGMENT INFORMATION
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Application store revenues
|
|
|
598,782
|
|
|
|
546,117
|
|
|
|
381,573
|
|
Maopao Community revenues through K currency
|
|
|
60,050
|
|
|
|
110,536
|
|
|
|
177,658
|
|
Other revenues
|
|
|
16,462
|
|
|
|
28,910
|
|
|
|
41,876
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
675,294
|
|
|
|
685,563
|
|
|
|
601,107
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment information
The Group operates and manages its business as a single segment. The Groups chief operating decision maker has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer, who reviews the revenue analysis by
application store revenues, Maopao Community revenue through K currency and other revenues and the profit from operation of the Group as a whole when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group.
F-24
Geographical information
All of the Groups non-current assets are located in the PRC. Revenues are primarily derived from the PRC, with minimal revenues
derived from Indonesia and other countries. The following table sets forth revenues by geographic area:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
PRC
|
|
|
672,649
|
|
|
|
672,195
|
|
|
|
581,442
|
|
Non-PRC
|
|
|
2,645
|
|
|
|
13,368
|
|
|
|
19,665
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
675,294
|
|
|
|
685,563
|
|
|
|
601,107
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Information about major customers
During the three years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, there was no customer that individually accounted for over 10% of the Groups total revenue.
7.
|
OTHER OPERATIING INCOME, NET
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Government grant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,091
|
|
|
|
2,931
|
|
Gain on derecognition of a subsidiary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,930
|
|
|
|
|
|
Others
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(346
|
)
|
|
|
(611
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,675
|
|
|
|
2,320
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.
|
OTHER GAINS AND LOSSES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
2,726
|
|
|
|
12,110
|
|
|
|
16,209
|
|
Change in fair value of investment at FVTPL
|
|
|
404
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income on loan receivable
|
|
|
193
|
|
|
|
450
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exchange gain (loss)
|
|
|
7,941
|
|
|
|
(3,266
|
)
|
|
|
(429
|
)
|
Others
|
|
|
(85
|
)
|
|
|
2,355
|
|
|
|
(249
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
11,179
|
|
|
|
11,649
|
|
|
|
15,531
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit before tax has been arrived at after charging:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Staff salary and other benefits
|
|
|
96,882
|
|
|
|
112,416
|
|
|
|
100,106
|
|
Retirement benefit scheme contributions
|
|
|
1,511
|
|
|
|
1,843
|
|
|
|
2,095
|
|
Share-based compensation (Note 22)
|
|
|
50,290
|
|
|
|
45,683
|
|
|
|
24,457
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total staff costs
|
|
|
148,683
|
|
|
|
159,942
|
|
|
|
126,658
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation of property and equipment
|
|
|
15,601
|
|
|
|
21,082
|
|
|
|
21,596
|
|
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
68
|
|
Operating lease rentals in respect of rented premises
|
|
|
8,325
|
|
|
|
8,582
|
|
|
|
10,192
|
|
Bad debt written off
|
|
|
2,041
|
|
|
|
2,361
|
|
|
|
3,693
|
|
F-25
Cayman
Islands
Under the current laws of the Cayman Islands, the Company is not subject to income tax.
PRC
On January 1, 2008, a new Enterprise Income Tax Law (the New EIT Law) in China took effect. The New EIT Law applies a uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate to both foreign invested and
domestic enterprises.
In 2007, Sky was granted the status of Software Enterprise under the PRC tax laws that entitled it to a
preferential EIT rate of two-year EIT exemption from its first year of profitable operation, after offsetting prior years tax losses, and a 50% reduction of its applicable EIT rate for the succeeding three years. On April 24, 2009, the
PRC government promulgated the Notice on Several Issues Relevant to the Implementation of the Preferential Policies on EIT which allows Software Enterprises to continue to enjoy their unexpired tax holiday under the old EIT Law. The first
profit-making year of Sky was 2008. As a result, Sky was subject to a tax rate of 12.5% for calendar year 2011 and 2012. In 2011, Sky obtained the high and new technology enterprise (HNTE) status under the New EIT Law. The
HNTE status allows qualifying China-based enterprises to use a 15% tax rate for three years. As a result, Sky was subject to a tax rate of 15% for calendar year 2013.
In 2009, Mijia was granted the status of Software Enterprise under the PRC tax laws that entitled it to a preferential EIT rate of two-year EIT exemption from its first year of profitable operation, after
offsetting prior years tax losses, and a 50% reduction of its applicable EIT rate for the succeeding three years. The first profit-making year of Mijia was 2010. As a result, Mijias EIT rates are 0%, 12.5%, 12.5% for calendar year 2011,
2012 and 2013, respectively.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Current tax expense:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PRC enterprise income tax
|
|
|
5,147
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,288
|
|
Over provision in prior years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(844
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax
|
|
|
(10,514
|
)
|
|
|
4,446
|
|
|
|
445
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
(5,367
|
)
|
|
|
3,602
|
|
|
|
2,733
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The tax expense (credit) can be reconciled to the profit per the consolidated statements of comprehensive
income as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Profit before tax
|
|
|
130,194
|
|
|
|
36,531
|
|
|
|
19,989
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense at PRC tax rate of 25% (i)
|
|
|
32,549
|
|
|
|
9,133
|
|
|
|
4,997
|
|
Tax effect of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on changes in fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares and warrants that are not deductible for tax
purpose
|
|
|
(31,575
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-deductible share-based compensation
|
|
|
12,573
|
|
|
|
11,421
|
|
|
|
6,114
|
|
Non-deductible finance cost
|
|
|
1,083
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other non-deductible expenses
|
|
|
4,296
|
|
|
|
1,640
|
|
|
|
1,957
|
|
Tax incentives relating to research and development expenditures
|
|
|
(2,789
|
)
|
|
|
(2,898
|
)
|
|
|
(6,470
|
)
|
Tax exemption and concession to PRC subsidiaries
|
|
|
(23,236
|
)
|
|
|
(14,897
|
)
|
|
|
(2,747
|
)
|
Tax effect of deferred tax assets not recognized from deductible temporary differences
|
|
|
2,621
|
|
|
|
(2,037
|
)
|
|
|
(831
|
)
|
Tax effect of utilization of tax loss not recognized previously and unused tax loss not recognized
|
|
|
7,416
|
|
|
|
2,084
|
|
|
|
(247
|
)
|
Withholding income tax provision on dividend from PRC subsidiaries
|
|
|
(8,305
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Others
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(844
|
)
|
|
|
(40
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax expense (credit) for the year
|
|
|
(5,367
|
)
|
|
|
3,602
|
|
|
|
2,733
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(i)
|
The applicable PRC statutory income tax rate is used since the Groups taxable income is generated in the PRC. The applicable PRC income tax rate of 25% was used
in the above computation for all reporting periods.
|
F-26
Without tax exemption and tax concession, PRC enterprise income taxes would have increased
and basic and diluted earnings per share would have decreased by the following amounts:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Increase in PRC income tax
|
|
|
23,236
|
|
|
|
14,897
|
|
|
|
2, 747
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase (decrease) in deferred tax
|
|
|
(2,804
|
)
|
|
|
5,042
|
|
|
|
445
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in basic and diluted earnings per share
|
|
|
RMB0.11
|
|
|
|
RMB0.08
|
|
|
|
RMB0.01
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the Group has unused tax losses of RMB29,663,000, RMB37,998,000
and RMB37,008,000 available for offset against future profits that may be carried forward until calendar year 2017. No deferred tax asset has been recognized in respect of the tax losses due to the unpredictability of future profit streams.
The following table reflects the movements in deferred tax assets (liabilities):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Withholding tax
on undistributed
earnings
|
|
|
Accrued
expenses
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Balance at April 1, 2010
|
|
|
(8,305
|
)
|
|
|
4,447
|
|
|
|
(3,858
|
)
|
Credit to profit or loss during the year
|
|
|
8,305
|
|
|
|
2,209
|
|
|
|
10,514
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at March 31, 2011
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,656
|
|
|
|
6,656
|
|
Charge to profit or loss during the year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,446
|
)
|
|
|
(4,446
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at March 31, 2012
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,210
|
|
|
|
2,210
|
|
Charge to profit or loss during the year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(445
|
)
|
|
|
(445
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at March 31, 2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,765
|
|
|
|
1,765
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following is the analysis of the deferred tax balances for financial reporting purposes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Deferred tax assets
|
|
|
6,656
|
|
|
|
2,210
|
|
|
|
1,765
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Under the New EIT Law and implementation rules, PRC withholding income tax at the rate of 10% is
applicable to dividends payable from the profits generated after calendar year 2007 to investors that are non-PRC tax resident enterprises, which do not have an establishment or place of business in the PRC, or which have such
establishment or place of business but the relevant income is not effectively connected with the establishment or place of business, to the extent such interest or dividends have their sources within the PRC, unless such immediate holding
companys jurisdiction of incorporation has a tax treaty with China that provides for a more favorable withholding arrangement. Therefore, dividends distributed from the subsidiaries to the Company are subject to the withholding tax of 10%, or
a lower treaty rate, if applicable.
F-27
The Group declared dividends in March 2010 and May 2010, however, the Group has no plan to
declare dividends in the foreseeable future. There were undistributed earnings of the subsidiaries and consolidated SPEs of approximately RMB204,262,000, RMB230,009,000 and RMB240,163,000 at March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. As at
March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, deferred tax liability has not been provided on the remaining undistributed earnings as the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that the temporary
difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
During the year ended March 31, 2011, the Group paid the
aforementioned dividend in a tax-free manner and, therefore, the related deferred tax liability balance as at March 31, 2010 was released to profit and loss.
Holders of the Groups Restricted Shares (Note 22) are entitled to participate in dividends on an equal basis with holders
of the Groups unrestricted common shares. As such dividends are not subject to restriction as to use, the Restricted Shares are considered participating and basic earnings per share has been computed using the two-class method as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
Profit for the year attributable to the owners of the Company (RMB000)
|
|
|
136,310
|
|
|
|
32,969
|
|
|
|
17,112
|
|
Less: amount allocated to restricted shares (RMB000)
|
|
|
(1,032
|
)
|
|
|
(602
|
)
|
|
|
(221
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit for the year for the purpose of basic earnings per share
|
|
|
135,278
|
|
|
|
32,367
|
|
|
|
16,891
|
|
Gains on changes in fair value of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
(106,684
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Finance cost
|
|
|
4,333
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gains on changes in fair value of warrants
|
|
|
(7,377
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange gains related to preferred shares and warrants
|
|
|
(12,240
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit for the year for the purpose of diluted earnings per share
|
|
|
13,310
|
|
|
|
32,367
|
|
|
|
16,891
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic
|
|
|
182,010,313
|
|
|
|
257,428,502
|
|
|
|
255,983,883
|
|
Share options
|
|
|
324,570
|
|
|
|
841,857
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
35,342,466
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrants
|
|
|
2,119,714
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
|
|
|
219,797,063
|
|
|
|
258,270,359
|
|
|
|
255,983,883
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings per share
|
|
|
0.74
|
|
|
|
0.13
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings per share
|
|
|
0.06
|
|
|
|
0.13
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The computation of diluted earnings per share for the year ended March 31, 2013 does not assume the
exercise of the Companys options because the exercise price of those options was higher than the average market price for shares.
In May 2010,
the Company declared dividends of RMB13,000,000 (RMB0.11 per share) to its common shareholders. The Company also approved a payment to its preferred shareholders, who had participating rights, in the amount of RMB4,333,000 for the year ended
March 31, 2011, which has been recorded as a finance cost in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Such amounts were paid during the year ended March 31, 2011.
F-28
13.
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS / TERM DEPOSITS
|
Cash and cash equivalents of the Group are mainly denominated in RMB and US$. The cash balances carried an average interest rate of 1.17%, 1.20% and 1.06% per annum as of March 31, 2011, 2012
and 2013, respectively.
Term deposits had an average interest rate of 3.30%, 3.30% and 3.12% per annum at March 31,
2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
In
May 2009, the Group invested RMB15,000,000 in a principal-protected deposit with a commercial bank in China having a one-year term expiring in May 2010. The investment guarantees a rate of return ranging from 2.25% to 6%, which varies based on an
exchange rate of US$ against Euro during the contract period. This investment was designated as FVTPL upon initial recognition as the contract contains foreign currency embedded derivative and was stated at fair value. The principal and related
returns were collected upon the expiration in May 2010.
In
December 2011, to achieve higher investment return than the bank term deposits and keep the principal intact, the Group entered into a loan agreement with another PRC bank under which the Group paid a principal amount of RMB19,550,000 to the bank
who then loaned the money to a manufacturing company in Zhejiang province, Zhejiang Xiehe Group. The loan had a four-month term expiring in March 2012 with a stated interest amount of RMB450,000. The loan principal and interest were guaranteed
by the bank. The principal and the related interest were collected upon the expiration of the loan agreement in March 2012.
16.
|
TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Trade receivables
|
|
|
81,398
|
|
|
|
88,838
|
|
|
|
65,024
|
|
Deposits and other receivables
|
|
|
2,264
|
|
|
|
6,609
|
|
|
|
9,406
|
|
Prepayments
|
|
|
2,519
|
|
|
|
7,925
|
|
|
|
5,844
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
86,181
|
|
|
|
103,372
|
|
|
|
80,274
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Group normally grants credit for a period of 90 days to its mobile service providers and mobile
network operators.
Aging of trade receivables which are past due but not impaired:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
91 120 days
|
|
|
783
|
|
|
|
1,910
|
|
|
|
4,996
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Group has not recognized an allowance for doubtful receivables because there has not been a
significant change in credit quality and the amounts are still considered recoverable. The Group does not hold any collateral or other credit enhancements over these balances. The Group wrote off RMB2,041,000, RMB2,361,000 and RMB3,693,000 trade and
other receivables during the year ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively, due to mobile network operators unilaterally terminating services provided by certain mobile service providers. The Group does not believe such termination of
services provided by mobile service providers is foreseeable.
F-29
17.
|
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Electronic
equipment
|
|
|
Furniture
|
|
|
Office
equipment
|
|
|
Leasehold
improvements
|
|
|
Motor
vehicles
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Cost:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At April 1, 2010
|
|
|
30,279
|
|
|
|
765
|
|
|
|
683
|
|
|
|
2,117
|
|
|
|
274
|
|
|
|
34,118
|
|
Additions
|
|
|
23,824
|
|
|
|
1,173
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,390
|
|
|
|
602
|
|
|
|
27,989
|
|
Disposals
|
|
|
(356
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(31
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(387
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2011
|
|
|
53,747
|
|
|
|
1,938
|
|
|
|
652
|
|
|
|
4,507
|
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
|
61,720
|
|
Additions
|
|
|
10,809
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,846
|
|
Derecognition of a subsidiary
|
|
|
(148
|
)
|
|
|
(42
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(190
|
)
|
Disposals
|
|
|
(341
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(348
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2012
|
|
|
64,067
|
|
|
|
1,896
|
|
|
|
682
|
|
|
|
4,507
|
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
|
72,028
|
|
Additions
|
|
|
3,833
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
146
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,057
|
|
Disposals
|
|
|
(1,107
|
)
|
|
|
(48
|
)
|
|
|
(26
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,181
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2013
|
|
|
66,793
|
|
|
|
1,887
|
|
|
|
802
|
|
|
|
4,546
|
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
|
74,904
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At April 1, 2010
|
|
|
(2,669
|
)
|
|
|
(20
|
)
|
|
|
(91
|
)
|
|
|
(216
|
)
|
|
|
(76
|
)
|
|
|
(3,072
|
)
|
Charge for the year
|
|
|
(13,688
|
)
|
|
|
(317
|
)
|
|
|
(192
|
)
|
|
|
(1,241
|
)
|
|
|
(163
|
)
|
|
|
(15,601
|
)
|
Eliminated on disposals
|
|
|
216
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
238
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2011
|
|
|
(16,141
|
)
|
|
|
(337
|
)
|
|
|
(261
|
)
|
|
|
(1,457
|
)
|
|
|
(239
|
)
|
|
|
(18,435
|
)
|
Charge for the year
|
|
|
(18,833
|
)
|
|
|
(379
|
)
|
|
|
(203
|
)
|
|
|
(1,492
|
)
|
|
|
(175
|
)
|
|
|
(21,082
|
)
|
Derecognition of a subsidiary
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
Eliminated on disposals
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
308
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2012
|
|
|
(34,640
|
)
|
|
|
(712
|
)
|
|
|
(457
|
)
|
|
|
(2,949
|
)
|
|
|
(414
|
)
|
|
|
(39,172
|
)
|
Charge for the year
|
|
|
(19,386
|
)
|
|
|
(376
|
)
|
|
|
(199
|
)
|
|
|
(1,460
|
)
|
|
|
(175
|
)
|
|
|
(21,596
|
)
|
Eliminated on disposals
|
|
|
994
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,034
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2013
|
|
|
(53,032
|
)
|
|
|
(1,070
|
)
|
|
|
(634
|
)
|
|
|
(4,409
|
)
|
|
|
(589
|
)
|
|
|
(59,734
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying values
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2011
|
|
|
37,606
|
|
|
|
1,601
|
|
|
|
391
|
|
|
|
3,050
|
|
|
|
637
|
|
|
|
43,285
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2012
|
|
|
29,427
|
|
|
|
1,184
|
|
|
|
225
|
|
|
|
1,558
|
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
|
32,856
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2013
|
|
|
13,761
|
|
|
|
817
|
|
|
|
168
|
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
|
287
|
|
|
|
15,170
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.
|
INTEREST IN ASSOCIATES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative cost of investments in associates
|
|
|
13,110
|
|
|
|
14,710
|
|
|
|
38,669
|
|
Cumulative share of results of associates
|
|
|
(7,350
|
)
|
|
|
(8,236
|
)
|
|
|
(9,171
|
)
|
Impairment of investment in an associate (i)
|
|
|
(5,760
|
)
|
|
|
(5,760
|
)
|
|
|
(7,127
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
714
|
|
|
|
22,371
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(i)
|
The Group recognized impairment of RMB5,760,000 in respect of its investment in Hangzhou Guanzhun Technologies Co., Ltd. (Guanzhun) during the year ended
March 31, 2011, and impairment of RMB1,367,000 in respect of its investment in Beijing DigiMobi Studio Co., Ltd. (DigiMobi) during the year ended March 31, 2013, respectively, due to the poor business performance and negative
discounted cash flow forecast of the two investees. The investment balances for these associates have been fully written off after the impairment charges.
|
F-30
Particulars of the Groups investments in associates are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issued
and
paid
up
capital
|
|
|
Portion of
registered capital
held by the Group
|
|
|
Principal activities
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
Name of associates
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
Zhang Xing Wu Xian Technologies (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (a)
|
|
|
500,000
|
|
|
|
37
|
%
|
|
|
37
|
%
|
|
|
37
|
%
|
|
Mobile application and content provider
|
Hangzhou Sibi Technologies Co., Ltd. (b)
|
|
|
300,000
|
|
|
|
33
|
%
|
|
|
33
|
%
|
|
|
33
|
%
|
|
Mobile application and content provider
|
Guanzhun (c)
|
|
|
15,000,000
|
|
|
|
45
|
%
|
|
|
45
|
%
|
|
|
45
|
%
|
|
Development of mobile application software
|
Shenzhen Heisha Technologies Co., Ltd. (d)
|
|
|
11,445,878
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
31
|
%
|
|
|
31
|
%
|
|
Provision of mobile application service
|
Beijing Brtech Co., Ltd. (e)
|
|
|
1,176,500
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
Development of mobile application software
|
Shanghai Mihoyo Network Technology Co., Ltd. (f)
|
|
|
1,070,000
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
Development of mobile application software
|
DigiMobi (g)
|
|
|
117,647
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
Development of mobile application software
|
Shanghai Fangcun Information Technology Co., Ltd. (h)
|
|
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
|
Development of mobile application software
|
Shanghai Gameba Co., Ltd. (i)
|
|
|
375,000
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
Development of mobile application software
|
Hangzhou Mr. Glee Tech. Co., Ltd. (j)
|
|
|
1,430,600
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
10
|
%
|
|
Development of mobile application software
|
Beijing Dream Sky Technology Ltd. (k)
|
|
|
125,000
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
|
Development of mobile application software
|
Hangzhou Taiku Technologies Co., Ltd. (l)
|
|
|
8,500,000
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
65
|
%
|
|
Operation of mobile video services
|
Hangzhou Breaking Dawn Network Technologies Co. Ltd. (m)
|
|
|
2,300,000
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
Nil
|
|
|
|
70
|
%
|
|
Operation of mobile leisure games
|
(a)
|
In March 2009, the Group acquired 37% of the equity interest in Zhang Xing Wu Xian Technologies (Beijing) Co. Ltd for cash consideration of RMB500,000.
|
(b)
|
In February 2009, Mijia, together with another two individuals independent from the entities within the Group, established Hangzhou Sibi Technologies Co., Ltd
(Sibi). Mijia invested RMB100,000 and obtained a 33.3% equity interest in Sibi.
|
(c)
|
In September 2009, Sky, together with the holder of the convertible redeemable preferred shares and a group of individuals independent from the entities within the
Group, established Guanzhun. Sky contributed RMB12,510,000 and obtained a 45% equity interest in Guanzhun.
|
(d)
|
The Group held 65% interest of Shenzhen Heisha Technologies Co., Ltd. (Heisha) and consolidated it before April 2011. In April 2011, the Group partially
disposed its interests in Heisha and retained 31% equity interest, the fair value of the remaining 31% interest of Heisha was approximately RMB 1,600,000 (Note 24).
|
(e)
|
In April 2012, Sky Investment acquired 15% of the equity interest in Beijing Brtech Co., Ltd. (Brtech) for a cash consideration of RMB2,200,000. One out of
three directors of Brtech is appointed by the Group and the Group can exercise significant influence over the financial and operational policies of Brtech, therefore, Brtech is considered as an associate.
|
F-31
(f)
|
In June 2012, Sky Investment acquired 15% of the equity interest in Shanghai Mihoyo Network Technology Co., Ltd. (Mihoyo) for a cash consideration of
RMB1,000,000. One out of three directors of Mihoyo is appointed by the Group and the Group can exercise significant influence over the financial and operational policies of Mihoyo, therefore, Mihoyo is considered as an associate.
|
(g)
|
In July 2012, Sky Investment acquired 15% of the equity interest in DigiMobi for a cash consideration of RMB1,500,000. One out of three directors of DigiMobi is
appointed by the Group and the Group can exercise significant influence over the financial and operational policies of DigiMobi, therefore, DigiMobi is considered as an associate.
|
(h)
|
In July 2012, Sky Investment acquired 12% of the equity interest in Shanghai Fangcun Information Technology Co., Ltd. (Fangcun) for a cash consideration of
RMB2,500,000. In March 2013, Sky Investment further invested RMB2,500,000 and obtained 8% equity interest in Fangcun. After that, Sky Investment held 20% of the equity interest in Fangcun. One out of three directors of Fangcun is appointed by the
Group and the Group can exercise significant influence over the financial and operational policies of Fangcun, therefore, Fangcun is considered as an associate.
|
(i)
|
In October 2012, Sky Investment acquired 15% of the equity interest in Shanghai Gameba Co., Ltd. (Gameba) for a cash consideration of RMB1,125,000. One out
of three directors of Gameba is appointed by the Group and the Group can exercise significant influence over the financial and operational policies of Gameba, therefore, Gameba is considered as an associate.
|
(j)
|
In October 2012, Sky Investment acquired 10% of the equity interest in Hangzhou Mr. Glee Tech. Co., Ltd. (Mr. Glee) for a cash consideration of
RMB5,000,000. One out of three directors of Mr. Glee is appointed by the Group and the Group can exercise significant influence over the financial and operational policies of Mr. Glee, therefore, Mr. Glee is considered as an
associate.
|
(k)
|
In November 2012, Sky Investment acquired 20% of the equity interest in Beijing Dream Sky Technology Ltd. for a cash consideration of RMB1,000,000.
|
(l)
|
In January 2013. Sky, together with another two independent individuals, established Hangzhou Taiku Technologies Co., Ltd. (Taiku). Sky invested
RMB5,525,000 and obtained a 65% equity interest in Taiku. Only one out of three directors of Taiku is appointed by the Group, while a valid board resolution requires half of the total votes. The Group does not have the power to control or jointly
control the financial and operational policies of Taiku. Therefore, Taiku is considered as an associate.
|
(m)
|
In January 2013, Sky, together with another two independent individuals, established Hangzhou Breaking Dawn Network Technologies Co. Ltd. (Breaking Dawn).
Sky invested RMB1,610,000 and obtained a 70% equity interest in Breaking Dawn. Only one out of three directors of Breaking Dawn is appointed by the Group, while a valid board resolution requires half of the total votes. The Group does not have the
power to control or jointly control the financial and operational policies of Breaking Dawn. Therefore, Breaking Dawn is considered as an associate.
|
A summary of financial information in respect of the Groups associates is set out below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
8,692
|
|
|
|
17,208
|
|
|
|
36,872
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
9,565
|
|
|
|
13,918
|
|
|
|
12,072
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets
|
|
|
(873
|
)
|
|
|
3,290
|
|
|
|
24,800
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Groups share of net assets of associates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
714
|
|
|
|
22,371
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
3,495
|
|
|
|
14,869
|
|
|
|
16,198
|
|
Loss for the year
|
|
|
5,423
|
|
|
|
7,760
|
|
|
|
14,306
|
|
Groups share of loss of associates
|
|
|
6,012
|
|
|
|
886
|
|
|
|
935
|
|
F-32
19.
|
TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Trade payable
|
|
|
53,249
|
|
|
|
71,608
|
|
|
|
70,571
|
|
Accrued payroll and employee welfare
|
|
|
19,662
|
|
|
|
19,927
|
|
|
|
10,621
|
|
Other taxes payable
|
|
|
8,428
|
|
|
|
6,239
|
|
|
|
6,420
|
|
Payable for acquisition of property and equipment
|
|
|
891
|
|
|
|
398
|
|
|
|
1,031
|
|
Accrued commission
|
|
|
27,320
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
11,878
|
|
|
|
6,793
|
|
|
|
6,511
|
|
Advance from customers
|
|
|
7,659
|
|
|
|
12,939
|
|
|
|
20,332
|
|
Other payables
|
|
|
6,692
|
|
|
|
4,028
|
|
|
|
6,633
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
135,779
|
|
|
|
121,932
|
|
|
|
122,119
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20.
|
CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED SHARES AND WARRANTS
|
Series A Convertible Redeemable Preferred Shares
In August
2007, the Company issued 50,000,000 Series A Convertible Redeemable Preferred Shares (Series A Shares), with a par value of US$0.00005 per share, at an initial price of US$0.07 per share for gross proceeds of approximately
RMB26,516,000 (US$3,500,000). The Company paid RMB1,329,000 in issuance costs that have been recorded as finance cost. Upon completion of the Companys IPO in December 2010, all Series A Shares were converted into 50,000,000 ordinary shares.
The key terms of the Series A Shares were as follows:
Purchase price adjustment:
The arrangement provided that the total
purchase price would increase to US$5 million if the Groups audited revenues for the year ended June 30, 2008 reach RMB70 million (the Triggering Event). The Triggering Event was not met.
Dividends:
Subject to
the provisions of the laws of the Cayman Islands, no cash dividends shall be declared or paid on the common shares, unless and until a dividend-in-like amount is declared or paid on each outstanding Series A Share on an as-if-converted basis.
Each Series A Shares shareholder shall be entitled to receive, annually and when, as and if declared by the board,
preferential, non-cumulative dividends at the rate equal to the greater of (1) 8% of its total investment amount and (2) the dividend that would be paid on an as-converted basis. All accrued but unpaid dividends shall be paid in cash upon
the closing of a qualified initial public offering resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of at least US$50 million (prior to any underwriters commissions and expenses) that reflects a market valuation of the Company of not less than
US$200 million (Qualified IPO).
Conversion:
Each Series A Share is convertible at the option of the holder into common share on a one-for-one basis at any time. The conversion ratios of the Series A Shares are subject to anti-dilution
adjustments in the event of issuances by the Company of additional securities at a price per share lower than the respective issuance price of the Series A Shares.
The Series A Shares will automatically convert into common shares upon (i) a Qualified IPO; or (ii) the vote of at least 75% of the then-outstanding Series A Shares.
Voting:
The
Series A Shares shareholders are entitled to vote on an as-converted basis.
F-33
Liquidation:
The holders of Series A Shares have preference over holders of common shares with respect to distributions in the event of any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Company, whether
voluntary or involuntary.
Before any distribution shall be made to the common shareholders, each Series A shareholder
shall be entitled to receive a pro rata amount equal to 150% of the total actual Series A Shares purchase price per share then held (adjusted for share splits, share dividends, recapitalizations, and similar transactions), plus all dividends
accrued and unpaid thereon, as adjusted. If upon any such liquidation, distribution, or winding up, the assets of the Company shall be insufficient to permit payment to the Series A shareholders the full amount to which they shall be entitled,
such assets shall be distributed solely among the Series A shareholders ratably in proportion to the full amounts to which they would otherwise be entitled.
After paying in full the amounts due to the Series A shareholders, the remaining assets available for distribution to the common shareholders shall be distributed pro rata among the Series A
shareholders and the common shareholders on an as-converted basis.
Redemption:
Beginning on or after August 2, 2011, the Series A shareholders may require, upon written notice, that the Company redeem in
cash all or a portion of the then-outstanding Series A Shares at a price that is equal to the greater of (i) the actual Series A Shares purchase price, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends, and (ii) the fair market value of the
Series A Shares (the Redemption Price).
ESOP anti-dilutive clause:
With respect to any share options granted under the Groups ESOP plan within one year after the closing of Series A Shares
financing, the Company is required to repurchase 25% of the common shares issued from the stock option plan at the market price and issue an equivalent number of Series A Shares to the Series A shareholders at the same price that the
Company paid to repurchase the shares
On March 1, 2010, the Company and the Series A shareholders entered into an
amendment agreement (the Amendment), whereby (i) the Company shall sell 5,000,000 common shares to the Series A shareholders at par value of US$0.00005 per share for total cash consideration of US$250 and (ii) the
Series A shareholders shall waive their right to the share option anti-dilution clause. The Group recorded the intrinsic value of the 5,000,000 shares of RMB44,439,000 (US$6,519,000), equal to the fair value of the common shares on
March 1, 2010 less the exercise price of US$250, as a loss on modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income with a corresponding increase in share-settled reserves.
Warrants
In conjunction with the issuance of Series A Shares, the Company also issued warrants to purchase up to (i) 7,142,800 Series A Shares at an exercise price of US$0.07 per share if the
Triggering Event does not occur, or (ii) 5,000,000 Series A Shares at an exercise price of US$0.1 per share if the Triggering Event occurs. The warrants may be exercised at any time within 24 months after the closing date. If the
warrants are exercised before the occurrence of the Triggering Event, (i) the holders of the warrants shall be entitled to purchase up to a total of 5,000,000 Series A Shares at an exercise price of US$0.1 per share, and (ii) if the
Triggering Event does not occur, the exercise price shall be adjusted to US$0.07 per share, and the Company shall issue an additional 2,142,800 Series A Shares at no additional cost.
In June 2009, the terms of the warrants were modified to extend the exercise period to the date of a Qualified IPO and to reduce the
number of outstanding warrants to 3,389,800 at an exercise price of US$0.15 per share.
Upon completion of the
Companys IPO in December 2010, all the warrants were exercised and 3,389,800 Series A shares were issued which were immediately converted into ordinary shares.
The Company had designated the Series A Shares and warrants as financial liabilities carried at FVTPL. The change in fair value of the Series A Shares and warrants was charged to profit or loss.
The movement of the Series A Shares and warrants was set out below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series A
Shares
|
|
|
Warrants
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
At April 1, 2010
|
|
|
451,491
|
|
|
|
27,188
|
|
Change of fair value included in profit or loss
|
|
|
(106,684
|
)
|
|
|
(7,377
|
)
|
Exchange gain
|
|
|
(11,682
|
)
|
|
|
(558
|
)
|
Converted and exercised
|
|
|
(333,125
|
)
|
|
|
(19,253
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Legal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounting
number of
shares
|
|
|
Number of
shares
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
US$
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Common shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authorized:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At April 1, 2010 of US$0.01 each
|
|
|
937,857,200
|
(i)
|
|
|
4,689,286
|
|
|
|
46,893
|
|
|
|
338
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share split
|
|
|
|
(iv)
|
|
|
933,167,914
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013
|
|
|
937,857,200
|
|
|
|
937,857,200
|
|
|
|
46,893
|
|
|
|
338
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issued and fully paid:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At April 1, 2010 (of US$0.01 each)
|
|
|
141,666,600
|
|
|
|
750,000
|
|
|
|
7,500
|
|
|
|
57
|
|
Restricted share vested
|
|
|
8,333,400
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issue of new shares upon modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares
|
|
|
5,000,000
|
(ii)
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Share split
|
|
|
|
(iv)
|
|
|
154,225,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
155,000,000
|
|
|
|
155,000,000
|
|
|
|
7,750
|
|
|
|
59
|
|
Issue of new shares upon IPO
|
|
|
49,000,000
|
(iii)
|
|
|
49,000,000
|
|
|
|
2,450
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
Conversion of Series A Shares upon IPO
|
|
|
50,000,000
|
(iii)
|
|
|
50,000,000
|
|
|
|
2,500
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
Exercise of warrants upon IPO
|
|
|
3,389,800
|
(iii)
|
|
|
3,389,800
|
|
|
|
169
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2011 (of US$0.00005 each)
|
|
|
257,389,800
|
|
|
|
257,389,800
|
|
|
|
12,869
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
Exercise of share options
|
|
|
784,800
|
(v)
|
|
|
784,800
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2012 (of US$0.00005 each)
|
|
|
258,174,600
|
|
|
|
258,174,600
|
|
|
|
12,908
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
Exercise of share options
|
|
|
732,248
|
(vi)
|
|
|
732,248
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted share vested
|
|
|
697,916
|
(vi)
|
|
|
697,916
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cancellation of repurchased shares
|
|
|
(9,192,816
|
)(vii)
|
|
|
(9,192,816
|
)
|
|
|
(460
|
)
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2013 (of US$0.00005 each)
|
|
|
250,411,948
|
|
|
|
250,411,948
|
|
|
|
12,908
|
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series A Shares of US$0.01 each
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authorized:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At April 1, 2010
|
|
|
62,142,800
|
(i)
|
|
|
310,714
|
|
|
|
3,107
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
Share Split
|
|
|
|
(iv)
|
|
|
61,832,086
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013
|
|
|
62,142,800
|
|
|
|
62,142,800
|
|
|
|
3,107
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issued and fully paid:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At April 1, 2010
|
|
|
50,000,000
|
|
|
|
250,000
|
|
|
|
2,500
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
Share Split
|
|
|
|
(iv)
|
|
|
49,750,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conversion of Series A Shares upon IPO
|
|
|
(50,000,000
|
)
|
|
|
(50,000,000
|
)
|
|
|
(2,500
|
)
|
|
|
(19
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(i)
|
Sky-mobi Limited was incorporated on April 20, 2007. The authorized share capital of Sky-mobi Limited is approximately RMB360,000 (US$50,000) divided into
50,000 shares (par value of US$1 per share). On July 20, 2007, the issued and unissued share of US$1 each in the capital of Sky-mobi Limited is sub-divided into 100 shares of par value of US$0.01, and designate the shares into
310,714 Series A Shares and 4,689,286 common shares.
|
(ii)
|
In March 2010, the Group recorded the intrinsic value of the 5,000,000 shares of RMB44,439,000 (US$6,519,000), equal to the fair value of the common shares on
March 1, 2010 less the exercise price of US$250, as a loss on modification of convertible redeemable preferred shares in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income with a corresponding increase in share-settled reserves. During the
year ended March 31, 2011, the Company issued the 5,000,000 shares and received the cash consideration of RMB2,000 (US$250).
|
(iii)
|
In December 2010, the Group had a successful IPO launch in NASDAQ. 49,000,000 shares of US$0.00005 each were issued at an aggregate amount of US$45,570,000. Upon
completion of the IPO, the Series A Shares were converted and the warrants were exercised.
|
F-35
(iv)
|
In November 2010, the Company approved a 200-for-1 share split on both its common and preferred shares. Subsequent to the split, the Company had authorized 937,857,200
(155,000,000 issued and fully paid) common shares with a par value of US$0.00005 per share and 62,142,800 Series A Shares with a par value of US$0.00005 per share.
|
(v)
|
In March 2012, 784,800 fully vested options were exercised and converted into 784,800 common shares with a par value of US$0.00005 per share. The RMB1,284,000 exercise
price which was not received by the end of March 31, 2012 was recorded as a subscription receivable. Such amount is received during the year ended March 31, 2013.
|
(vi)
|
During the year ended March 31, 2013, 732,248 fully vested options were exercised and converted into 732,248 common shares with a par value of US$0.00005 per
share, and 697,916 fully vested restricted shares became unrestricted with a par value of US$0.00005 per share.
|
(vii)
|
On August 12, 2012, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to US$10 million of its common shares on the open market during the period from
August 13, 2012 to August 12, 2013. As of March 31, 2013, the Company has repurchased 15,173,920 common shares for a total consideration of RMB25,307,610 (US$4,086,010). And the Company cancelled 9,192,816 common shares which were
repurchased during the year ended March 31, 2013. The remaining 5,981,104 common shares repurchased are still outstanding and will be cancelled subsequently.
|
Employee Share Option Plan (the Plan)
On March 1, 2010, the Company approved an ownership-based compensation scheme for executives and senior employees under which the Company could grant up to 15,000,000 options to purchase its shares.
In accordance with the terms of the Plan, executives and senior employees may be granted options to purchase common shares at an exercise price approved by the shareholders that should be no less than US$0.07 per common share of the Company. The
option holders are not entitled to dividends nor do they have voting rights. The number of options granted is calculated and approved by shareholders. Options have a life of 10 years from the date of grant.
During the years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 the Company granted 4,964,000, nil and nil share options under the Plan to
executives and senior employees. These options have an exercise price ranging from RMB1.775 (US$0.26) to RMB 6.548 (US$1.00) and vest ratably over the four-years following the grant date.
For the option granted prior to the Companys IPO, the Group used generally accepted valuation methodologies, including the
discounted cash flow approach and the guideline companys approach, which incorporates certain assumptions including the market performance of comparable listed companies, projected financial results and growth trends of the Company, weighted
average cost of capital (WACC), terminal growth rate to derive the total equity value of the Company for the purpose of determining the fair value of option. And the fair value of the common shares underlying the options was determined
based on current market value for options granted subsequent to the Companys IPO.
The Group used the Black-Scholes
option pricing model to estimate the fair value of the aforementioned share options using the following assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended
March 31, 2011
|
Average risk-free interest rate
|
|
1.13% - 3.69%
|
Average expected volatility
|
|
61% - 65%
|
Average dividend yield
|
|
0%
|
Average expected life
|
|
4-6 years
|
The risk-free interest rate was based on the US treasury bond yield curve as of the valuation date for a
period commensurate with the expected life. The expected volatility was estimated based on the historical daily share price volatility of comparable companies over a historical period commensurate with the expected life of the options. The Group
does not expect to declare dividends in the future except for the dividend declared in May 2010. The expected life is estimated based on the Groups estimates of the exercise period.
F-36
A summary of the option activity is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
options
|
|
|
Weighted
average
exercise prices
|
|
|
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual Life
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMB
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding on April 1, 2010
|
|
|
6,385,400
|
|
|
|
1.775
|
|
|
|
6.9 years
|
|
Granted on April 1, 2010
|
|
|
1,443,600
|
|
|
|
1.775
|
|
|
|
7.0 years
|
|
Granted on September 15, 2010
|
|
|
3,320,400
|
|
|
|
1.775
|
|
|
|
7.5 years
|
|
Granted on January 6, 2011
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
6.548
|
|
|
|
7.8 years
|
|
Granted on January 9, 2011
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
6.548
|
|
|
|
7.8 years
|
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
(78,350
|
)
|
|
|
1.775
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding on March 31, 2011
|
|
|
11,271,050
|
|
|
|
1.865
|
|
|
|
7.1 years
|
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
(1,964,600
|
)
|
|
|
1.775
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(784,800
|
)
|
|
|
1.775
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding on March 31, 2012
|
|
|
8,521,650
|
|
|
|
1.907
|
|
|
|
6.5 years
|
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
(1,101,967
|
)
|
|
|
1.775
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(732,248
|
)
|
|
|
1.775
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding on March 31, 2013
|
|
|
6,687,435
|
|
|
|
1.993
|
|
|
|
5.1 years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total grant date fair value of options granted on April 1, 2010, September 15,
2010, January 6, 2011 and January 9, 2011 was approximately RMB10,796,000, RMB28,306,000, RMB259,000 and RMB259,000, respectively.
The Company recorded compensation expense of RMB27,922,000, RMB22,853,000 and RMB8,357,000 for the years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
Options exercisable were 500,000, 2,123,900 and 3,385,035 as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
In respect of the share options exercised during the year ended March 31, 2013, the weighted average share price at the dates of
exercise was RMB1.849 per share.
Restricted Shares
On August 2, 2007, concurrent with the issuance of the Series A Shares, certain founders of the Company, who are also employees of the Group, entered into an arrangement whereby 75,000,000 of
their 150,000,000 common shares became subject to repurchase (Restricted Shares). The Restricted Shares may be repurchased by the Company in the event of the voluntary or involuntary termination of the employment at a purchase price
equal to the par value of the Restricted Shares. The repurchase right terminates in 36 equal monthly installments. The founders retain the voting and dividend rights of, but are restricted to sell, such non-vested restricted shares. This arrangement
has been accounted for as a reverse share split followed by the grant of a restricted share award under a performance-based plan as the founders are employees of the Group. Accordingly, the Group measured the fair value of the Restricted Shares as
of August 2, 2007, or RMB0.22 (US$0.03) per share, and recognized the total amount of approximately RMB16,420,000 as compensation expense over the three year deemed service, or vesting, period. During the years ended March 31, 2011, 2012
and 2013, the Group recognized RMB130,000, nil and nil as compensation expense, respectively.
On April 1, 2010, Xplane
Ltd.(Xplane), the Companys parent company, issued 493,400 of its restricted shares to its shareholders, who are also employees of the Group. Of these shares, 40% vest on the second anniversary of the grant date and 20% vest on
the third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the grant date, respectively. The Group measured the fair value of the restricted shares based on the fair value of the Companys shares, as Xplane has no other assets except for its investment in
the Group. The fair value of the restricted shares as of April 1, 2010 was RMB126 (US$19) per share. The Group recognizes the total amount of approximately RMB62,351,000 as compensation expense over the five year deemed service, or vesting,
period with a corresponding increase in reserve in the statement of changes in equity. During the years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the Group recognized RMB22,238,000, RMB22,238,000 and RMB9,768,000 as compensation expense,
respectively.
On March 7, 2012, the Group issued 4,038,176 restricted shares to its employees. At the same time, Xplane
also granted 3,340,400 of Sky-mobis restricted shares to employees of the Group. The holders of these shares retain the voting and dividend rights of, but are restricted from selling, such non-vested restricted shares. 25% of the total
7,378,576 restricted shares vest on each anniversary of the grant date. The Group measured the fair value of the restricted shares based on the open market quote of the Companys shares, which was RMB2.88 (US$0.46). The Group recognizes the
total amount of RMB21,327,000 as compensation expense over the four year deemed service, or vesting, period with a corresponding increase in reserve in the statement of changes in equity. During the years ended March 31, 2012 and 2013, the
Group recognized RMB592,000 and RMB6,332,000, respectively, as compensation expense.
F-37
23.
|
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
|
(a) Related party balances
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Amounts due from related parties
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-trade balances
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount due from an associate
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zhang Xing Wu Xian Technologies (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hangzhou TaiKu Technologies Co. Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
306
|
|
Hangzhou Breaking Dawn Network Technologies Co. Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
Amounts due from shareholders
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xplane Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
126
|
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
126
|
|
|
|
523
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The amounts due from related parties are unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Amounts due to related parties
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade balances
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amounts due to associates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zhang Xing Wu Xian Technologies (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
|
|
|
239
|
|
|
|
274
|
|
|
|
577
|
|
Hangzhou Sibi Technologies Co., Ltd.
|
|
|
656
|
|
|
|
597
|
|
|
|
426
|
|
Beijing Brtech Co., Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
127
|
|
Hangzhou Breaking Dawn Network Technologies Co. Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,924
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
895
|
|
|
|
871
|
|
|
|
4,054
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The amounts due to associates are trading in nature. The related party balances are unsecured,
non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
(b) Related party transactions
During the years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively, significant related party transactions were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Cost of revenues (for content)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Associates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zhang Xing Wu Xian Technologies (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
|
|
|
1,559
|
|
|
|
1,822
|
|
|
|
357
|
|
Hangzhou Sibi Technologies Co., Ltd.
|
|
|
1,856
|
|
|
|
3,724
|
|
|
|
2,271
|
|
Beijing Brtech Co., Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
982
|
|
Hangzhou Breaking Dawn Network Technologies Co. Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,924
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,415
|
|
|
|
5,546
|
|
|
|
6,534
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-38
Beijing Speedpay Technology Co., Ltd., in which the Companys director, Mr. Kui
Zhou, has significant influence over it, provides payment processing services to the Group. During the years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the Group paid a total of RMB510,400, RMB1,373,200 and RMB1,279,500, respectively, to Beijing
Speedpay Technology Co., Ltd.
(c) Key management compensation
The compensation of directors and other key management during the years was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Salary and other benefits
|
|
|
2,226
|
|
|
|
6,548
|
|
|
|
6,152
|
|
Retirement benefit contribution
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
15,114
|
|
|
|
18,472
|
|
|
|
8,393
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
17,351
|
|
|
|
25,040
|
|
|
|
14,567
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24.
|
DERECOGNITION AND PARTIAL DISPOSAL OF SUBSIDIARIES
|
In April 2011, the Group sold a 15% interest in Heisha, a 65% owned and consolidated subsidiary, to the minority shareholder of Heisha for RMB1,152,000. Further, Heisha issued additional preferred shares
to a third party partner, MediaTek Inc. (MTK), which further diluted the Groups ownership percentage to 31%. The Group lost control of Heisha as a result of these transactions. The Groups net assets relative to Heisha were
derecognized upon loss of control and were comprised of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Net Assets derecognized
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
947
|
|
Trade and other receivables
|
|
|
123
|
|
Property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
153
|
|
Trade and other payables
|
|
|
(100
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net amount derecognized before capital injection
|
|
|
1,123
|
|
Capital injection by MTK
|
|
|
6,446
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net amount derecognized including capital injection
|
|
|
7,569
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The gain recognized in profit or loss upon deconsolidation of Heisha was calculated as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
|
Consideration received
|
|
|
1,152
|
|
Net assets derecognized
|
|
|
(1,123
|
)
|
Non-controlling interest
|
|
|
301
|
|
Fair value of the retained interests classified as associate
|
|
|
1,600
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on derecognition of Heisha
|
|
|
1,930
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Net Cash inflow arising on derecognition:
|
|
|
|
|
Cash consideration received
|
|
|
1,152
|
|
Less: cash and cash equivalents disposed of
|
|
|
947
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
205
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The fair value of the residual interests of the Group in Heisha was calculated based on the price
invested in Heisha by MTK, using the backsolve method under the Option Pricing Model. The key assumption used in backsolve method included probability of scenarios, exercise values, expected time to liquidity, expected volatility, risk free interest
rate and discount for lack of marketability.
F-39
During the year ended March 31, 2013, the Group disposed 12.5% equity interest in Sky
Technologies International Limited (Sky Tech) for a cash consideration of RMB 2,001,000. After the sale, the Group still held 87.5% shares and retained control over Sky Tech. The transaction was accounted for as an equity transaction.
The carrying amounts of the Groups interests and the non-controlling interests were adjusted to reflect the changes in their relative interests in this subsidiary. The difference between the amount by which the non-controlling interests were
adjusted and the fair value of the consideration received was recognized directly in equity.
The
Group has operating lease agreements principally for its office properties in the PRC with lease terms between one to two years. These leases are renewable upon negotiation.
The Groups commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At March 31,
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
|
RMB000
|
|
Within one year
|
|
|
9,038
|
|
|
|
8,211
|
|
|
|
15,849
|
|
In the second to fifth years, inclusive
|
|
|
755
|
|
|
|
16,042
|
|
|
|
9,122
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
9,793
|
|
|
|
24,253
|
|
|
|
24,971
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
Groups commitments for capital injections contracted for but not provided in the consolidated financial statements in respect of investment in a limited partnership of venture capital fund is nil, nil, and RMB6,210,800 (US$1,000,000) as
of March 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively.
Pursuant to the relevant laws and regulations in the PRC applicable to foreign-investment corporations, the Groups PRC subsidiaries
are required to maintain a statutory reserve which is non-distributable. They are required to transfer 10% of their profit after taxation, as determined on a calendar year basis and in accordance with relevant accounting principles and financial
regulations applicable to enterprises established in the PRC (PRC GAAP), if any, to the statutory reserve until the balance reaches 50% of their registered capital. The amount of this statutory reserve is the same under both PRC GAAP and
IFRS and is reflected as statutory reserve in the consolidated statements of changes in equity. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. The difference between the net profit, as determined under PRC GAAP, and the amount allocated to
statutory reserve, for each of PRC subsidiaries represents amounts that are free of restriction. Such amounts differ from the amounts under IFRS due to accounting differences between PRC GAAP and IFRS.
At their discretion, the PRC subsidiaries may allocate a portion of their after-tax profits based on PRC accounting standards to staff
welfare and bonus funds. PRC regulations currently permit payment of dividends only out of the Groups PRC subsidiaries accumulated profits as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. The statutory reserve
amounted to 500,000, RMB1,000,000 and RMB1,000,000 as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The Groups PRC subsidiaries have not allocated any of their after-tax profits to the staff welfare and bonus funds for any period
presented.
In addition, the registered capital of the Companys PRC subsidiaries of RMB102,541,680 as of March 31,
2013 was considered restricted due to restrictions on the distribution of registered share capital.
As a result of these PRC
laws and regulations, the Companys PRC subsidiaries are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets, either in the form of dividends, loans or advances. Such restricted portion amounted to RMB106,371,000,
RMB108,042,000 and RMB112,734,000 as of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
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On
April 15, 2013, the Company issued 100,000 restricted shares to Mr. Jimmy Lai, the Companys newly appointed independent director and member of the audit committee. Mr. Jimmy Lai retains the voting and dividend rights of, but is
restricted from selling, such non-vested restricted shares. The 100,000 shares vest 25% on each anniversary of the grant date. The Group measured the fair value of the restricted shares based on the open market quote of the Companys shares,
which was RMB1.24 (US$0.20). The Group will recognize the total amount of RMB124,000 as compensation expense over the four year deemed service, or vesting period with a corresponding increase in reserve in the consolidated statement of changes in
equity.
In June 2013, the Group established Hangzhou Qianlong Technology Limited (Qianlong), with Li Ou, the
director and chief technology officer of the Company, to carry out the mobile games development and operation related business. The Group and Li Ou signed definitive agreements to contribute RMB 10,000,000 and RMB 15,000,000 into Qianlong, and hold
a 40% equity interest and a 60% equity interest in Qianlong, respectively. The Group also expects to enter into a RMB 25,000,000 loan agreement with Qianlong to fund its future operations. The loan will bear a 3% annual interest rate and mature in
2015 and can only be used to develop Qianlongs business. In order to focus on the management of Qianlong, Li Ou is in the process of resigning from the role of director and chief technology officer from the Company, as well as from other
similar roles in our consolidated subsidiaries. The Group appoints one of the three directors of Qianlong, exercises significant influence over the financial and operational policies of Qianlong, and therefore, the Group will use equity method to
account for this investment. This transaction has been unanimously approved by the Board and the audit committee.
In June
2013, Sky Tech issued additional shares to the Group at par value, which was agreed by the Group and the minority shareholder. After the share issuance, the Group and the minority shareholder held 90% and 10% shares of Sky Tech, respectively. Then
the Group disposed 30% equity interest in Sky Tech to two management members of the Company for a cash consideration of RMB 6,000,000. After the sale, the Group still held 60% shares and retained control over Sky Tech. The transaction will be
accounted for as an equity transaction. This transaction has been unanimously approved by the Board and the audit committee.
29.
|
APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
The financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorized for issue on June 28, 2013.
* * * * *
F-41
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